Summary: The CCP Central Committee and the State Council have issued the "Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection," guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization. The regulations aim to strengthen Party leadership over ecological civilization and environmental protection and improve the inspection system. They establish a two-tiered inspection system, with central inspections of provincial-level governments, relevant State Council departments, and central enterprises. The regulations outline the responsibilities of inspection teams, procedures, and disciplinary measures for violations. The regulations do not mention the United States.
Summary: The article reports on the ongoing campaign to study and implement the "Eight-Point Regulation" across various regions, departments, and organizations in China. These entities are employing diverse methods such as study sessions, online platforms, and thematic education to promote the spirit of the regulation. They are also actively identifying and rectifying problems through various channels like inspections, audits, and research. Localities such as Dongying and Baisha are engaging with the public to address their concerns and improve governance, while institutions like Chongqing University are collecting feedback from staff and students.
Summary: Politburo Standing Committee member Li Xi met with Cuban Foreign Minister Rodriguez in Beijing. Li affirmed China's support for Cuba's socialist development path under the strategic guidance of Presidents Xi Jinping and Díaz-Canel, emphasizing deepened political trust, exchange, and strategic cooperation on the 65th anniversary of diplomatic ties. Li also briefed Rodriguez on the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection's fourth plenary session and the CCP's study and education campaign on implementing the Eight-Point Regulation. Rodriguez thanked China for its support and reiterated Cuba's commitment to the One China principle and deepening bilateral relations while promoting China-Latin America ties. The article does not discuss or allude to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article reports on efforts in Zhejiang, Henan, and Hunan provinces to revitalize rural areas and modernize agriculture, following Xi Jinping's call to advance rural revitalization and build a strong agricultural nation. These efforts include increasing grain production, promoting technological innovation in agriculture, constructing modern rural infrastructure, and fostering integrated urban-rural development. Zhejiang aims to narrow the "three major gaps" (城乡差距、地区差距、收入差距) to promote common prosperity. The article emphasizes the importance of "千村万户" experience and integrated urban-rural development.
Summary: China's National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration announced the successful completion of the 2024 autumn grain procurement season, reaching a high level of 345 million tons by the end of April. According to Luo Shouquan, Director of the Grain Reserve Department, government measures boosted market confidence, leading to price stabilization and increased procurement compared to last year, specifically for mid- and late-season indica rice, japonica rice, corn, and soybeans. Autumn grain procurement accounts for approximately three-quarters of the country's total annual grain procurement. Preparations are underway for the summer grain procurement, with a generally positive outlook for wheat and rapeseed production.
Summary: Yantai, Shandong province is accelerating the development of its high-end marine manufacturing sector. The city has established a comprehensive industrial chain encompassing upstream R&D and design, midstream key equipment manufacturing and assembly, and downstream operation and maintenance support. A photo shows a domestically produced ultra-large floating production platform being moved in Yantai waters on May 11th. The article makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses Jiangkou County in Guizhou Province, which is developing a matcha industry based on local tea production. Local farmers are growing tea specifically for matcha, which is then processed by companies like Guicha Group and sold domestically and internationally to over 40 countries. This development aligns with Xi Jinping's call to develop modern, efficient mountain agriculture. The county is supporting farmers through technical assistance and subsidies to improve tea quality and increase incomes. Jiangkou County is also developing agritourism experiences related to matcha.
Summary: This article includes a theoretical piece on constructing a new model for directing high-quality cultural resources to the grassroots level, guided by talent resources. It also highlights the importance of equal dialogue and consultation to resolve disagreements. The article further contains a section focused on economics, specifically accelerating the integration of domestic and foreign trade. A case study on building a new brand from scratch is also presented.
Summary: The fourth Ministerial Conference of the China-CELAC Forum will be held in Beijing on May 13th, where Xi Jinping will deliver an important speech reviewing China-Latin America relations and proposing new initiatives. Latin American figures interviewed emphasized the importance of Xi's attendance, viewing it as injecting new momentum into China-Latin America relations and signaling global cooperation. They highlighted the forum's role in promoting South-South cooperation and practical cooperation in areas like trade and infrastructure, with some mentioning the significance of existing free trade agreements. Commentators also noted that China's support for Latin American integration is based on equality, mutual benefit, and non-interference, contrasting this with protectionism and unilateralism elsewhere, implicitly alluding to the United States. They anticipate the forum will contribute to a more just and reasonable international order.
Summary: Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng, China's lead on economic and trade issues, met with U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and Trade Representative Katherine Tai in Geneva, Switzerland. The two sides engaged in frank, in-depth, and constructive communication, reaching a series of important consensus points and achieving substantial progress towards implementing the important consensus of the China-U.S. head-of-state call on January 17. He Lifeng stated that trade wars have no winners and that while China does not want a trade war, it is not afraid of one and will resolutely retaliate against any infringement of its rights by the U.S. Both sides agreed to establish a consultation mechanism on economic and trade issues to maintain communication on their respective concerns.
Summary: Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng, the lead Chinese negotiator for trade, stated that high-level Sino-U.S. trade talks in Geneva were candid, in-depth, and constructive, resulting in important consensus and substantial progress. Both sides agreed to establish a Sino-U.S. trade consultation mechanism, with details to be finalized and a joint statement released on May 12th. He Lifeng emphasized the significance of Sino-U.S. economic and trade relations for both countries and global economic stability. China is willing to work with the United States to implement the consensus reached by the two heads of state on January 17 and promote new developments in Sino-U.S. economic and trade relations.
Summary: China and the United States, recognizing the importance of their bilateral economic and trade relationship, have committed to taking steps to de-escalate trade tensions. The U.S. will modify tariffs imposed on Chinese goods under Executive Order 14257, suspending 24% of the tariff for 90 days while maintaining the remaining 10%, and will eliminate tariffs under Executive Orders 14259 and 14266. Similarly, China will modify tariffs on U.S. goods, suspending 24% for 90 days while maintaining 10%, and will suspend or cancel non-tariff retaliatory measures against the U.S. Following these actions, both countries will establish a mechanism for continued consultations on economic and trade relations, with Vice Premier He Lifeng representing China and Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and U.S. Trade Representative Jamison Greer representing the U.S. These consultations will take place in China, the United States, or a mutually agreed-upon third country.
Summary: Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng, the lead negotiator for China on economic and trade issues, met with U.S. Treasury Secretary Bicent and Trade Representative Greer in Geneva to discuss trade, resulting in a joint statement. The U.S. pledged to eliminate 91% of tariffs imposed on Chinese goods, and China would correspondingly eliminate 91% of retaliatory tariffs on U.S. goods, also agreeing to suspend a portion of remaining tariffs. Both sides agreed to establish a consultation mechanism to maintain close communication on economic and trade concerns. The talks are seen as a step towards resolving trade disputes and promoting stable U.S.-China economic relations.
Summary: The U.S. and China held high-level trade talks in Geneva, agreeing to establish a consultation mechanism as a step towards resolving differences through dialogue. Both countries recognized the importance of a sustainable and mutually beneficial economic relationship to their own economies and the world. Substantial progress was made, including significant tariff reductions, with both sides removing 91% of imposed tariffs and suspending 24% of retaliatory tariffs. China emphasized the need for the U.S. to correct unilateral tax measures and work towards mutual cooperation. The article frames the talks as a positive step towards resolving trade disputes and highlights the mutual benefits of U.S.-China cooperation for both countries and the global economy.
Summary: President Lula of Brazil characterized China as a vital political, economic, and strategic partner in a turbulent world, emphasizing the significance of Xi Jinping's prior state visit to Brazil. Lula expressed his anticipation for his upcoming visit to China, with the goal of deepening cooperation in areas such as trade, technology, climate change, and public health. Lula also voiced support for multilateralism and free trade, commending China's stance against unreasonable "reciprocal tariffs" and advocating for resistance against hegemony and unilateralism. He highlighted China's crucial leadership role in global climate governance and expressed Brazil's desire to collaborate on climate action, urging developed nations to shoulder their historical responsibilities. Lula conveyed optimism about the Brazil-China relationship, viewing both nations as promoters of global peace and development.
Summary: On May 12th, Politburo Member and Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with foreign ministers and representatives from various Latin American countries attending the 4th Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum. These meetings included discussions on strengthening bilateral relations, supporting multilateralism, and advancing cooperation within the Belt and Road Initiative framework. Several countries, including Cuba, Uruguay, Peru and Nicaragua, reaffirmed their commitment to the One China Principle, while Wang Yi expressed China's support for regional unity and opposition to "hegemony and bullying," as well as the support for those countries' "just struggle" against sanctions, specifically mentioning Cuba's fight against "blockade and sanctions". Wang Yi also discussed economic cooperation, including the Chancay Port project with Peru.
Summary: Politburo Member and Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with foreign ministers and representatives from Caribbean nations including Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago, who were in Beijing for the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum. Wang highlighted the achievements of China-Caribbean cooperation over the past decade through the China-CELAC Forum, including high-level visits and infrastructure projects, while underscoring the importance of mutual support on core interests. He pledged further support for Caribbean development through the Belt and Road Initiative, increased scholarships, and climate change assistance. The Caribbean representatives expressed gratitude for China's support and reaffirmed their commitment to the One China principle.
Summary: Xiao Jie, Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee, visited Turkey from May 8-11 at the invitation of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. Xiao met with Turkish Speaker Kurtulmus and Vice President Yilmaz, and held talks with Deputy Speaker Bozdag, stating China's desire to deepen political trust and promote cooperation under the guidance of Presidents Xi Jinping and Erdogan. He also briefed them on the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, the Third Session of the 14th National People's Congress, and China's economic and social development. The Turkish side expressed its appreciation for Turkish-Chinese relations, adherence to the One China principle, and desire to strengthen high-level exchanges and practical cooperation.
Summary: NPC Standing Committee Vice Chairman Peng Qinghua met with a Spanish Congressional delegation led by Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Ruiz in Beijing. They exchanged views on China-Spain and China-Europe relations. The meeting also covered exchanges between legislative bodies and issues of mutual interest.
Summary: A Brazil-China business seminar was held in Beijing on May 12th, with Brazilian President Lula and China's National Federation of Industry and Commerce Chairman Gao Yunlong in attendance. Gao stated China's willingness to implement the consensus reached by Presidents Xi and Lula, promoting mutually beneficial cooperation and a China-Brazil community with a shared future. Lula expressed Brazil's desire to align development strategies with China for mutual benefit and to foster South-South cooperation. The seminar occurred amid ongoing discussions about the global order and potential shifts away from U.S. dominance.
Summary: Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (CPAFFC) President Yang Wanming led a delegation to Russia, attending events commemorating the 80th anniversary of the Soviet victory in the Great Patriotic War. Yang met with Russian State Duma First Deputy Chairman Melnikov for talks. Accompanied by Volgograd Deputy Governor Pisemskaya and Russian-China Friendship Association First Deputy Chairman Kulikova, Yang laid flowers at Marshal Chuikov's tomb, honoring those who perished in the Battle of Stalingrad. The delegation also participated in a tree-planting event with activists from the Russian-China Friendship Association and Chinese and Russian students.
Summary: Politburo member and Vice Premier Liu Guozhong visited the Beijing Anding Hospital of Capital Medical University on International Nurses Day, extending greetings to the nation's nurses. He conveyed Xi Jinping's emphasis on nursing and acknowledged the contributions of nurses to public health. Liu stressed the need to strengthen the nursing workforce, improve the nursing service system, and promote high-quality development of nursing work. He also emphasized the importance of talent cultivation, incentive mechanisms, and improved working conditions to support nurses.
Summary: Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng met with WTO Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala in Geneva, emphasizing the importance of the WTO-centered multilateral trade system. He Lifeng called for dispute resolution within the WTO framework through equal dialogue, advocating for multilateralism and free trade to stabilize global supply chains. He Lifeng stated China's commitment to WTO reform and its support for the organization's role in maintaining stability. He Lifeng also briefed Okonjo-Iweala on the recent high-level US-China economic and trade talks.
Summary: A "garlic-bird" (蒜鸟) pop-up shop in Wuhan, featuring a hybrid garlic-bird doll symbolizing a carefree attitude, has become a popular attraction, exceeding sales expectations. The shop's success is linked to Wuhan's efforts to boost its "first store economy" (首店经济) by attracting new brands and supporting their establishment through streamlined processes and financial incentives. Wuhan aims to foster consumer loyalty beyond initial novelty by creating unique consumption scenarios and integrating commerce, culture, tourism, and sports. Wuhan is also upgrading commercial districts and large commercial complexes to provide space for the "first store economy", aiming to introduce over 300 new "first stores" this year. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: China's Ministry of Commerce announced that the car trade-in subsidy program has received over 10 million applications since its implementation in 2024. Applications for 2025 totaled 3.225 million, with a significant portion going towards new energy vehicles, which comprised over 53% of trade-ins. The initiative has spurred a 9% year-on-year increase in domestic passenger car retail sales from January to April. It also contributed to a 65% increase in scrapped car recycling during the same period. The policy aims to promote consumption, green transformation, and resource circulation.
Summary: The China Association of Automobile Manufacturers announced that China's automobile production and sales both exceeded 10 million units for the first four months of the year, marking a historic first. Domestic sales drove much of this growth, exceeding overall sales growth. Automobile exports also increased, especially for new energy vehicles. Sales of China-branded passenger vehicles performed well and increased their market share.
Summary: Due to recent drought and insufficient soil moisture affecting corn growth, Tongjiang County, Bazhong City, Sichuan Province, has organized Party member agricultural service teams to carry out drought resistance, irrigation, and moisture retention work. The service teams are working to stabilize production. A photograph shows one such team irrigating corn in Guan Shanping Village, Tiefo Township on May 11th. The article makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: China's National Administration of Financial Regulation issued a notice to improve financial services for micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in 2025, emphasizing inclusive finance. The notice calls for deepened coordination mechanisms to support MSE financing, particularly in foreign trade, private sector, technology, and consumption. Financial institutions are directed to support MSEs in these key areas, leveraging data to improve credit assessments, stabilize foreign trade and promote high-quality development. Specific support is targeted for MSEs in accommodation, catering, culture, tourism, and new consumption areas to boost domestic demand.
Summary: The fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum will be held in Beijing on May 13th, where Xi Jinping will deliver a keynote speech on China-Latin America relations and propose new initiatives. Latin American figures interviewed emphasized the importance of Xi's participation in injecting momentum into the relationship and sending a signal of global cooperation. The forum, marking its 10th anniversary, aims to enhance cooperation in areas like technology, trade, infrastructure, and the Belt and Road Initiative. Participants believe strengthened China-Latin America cooperation will contribute to a more just global order, particularly in the face of protectionism and unilateralism.
Summary: The article reports on efforts in Zhejiang, Henan, and Hunan provinces to promote rural revitalization and agricultural modernization, in line with Xi Jinping's call to build a strong agricultural nation. These efforts include increasing grain production, improving rural infrastructure and living conditions, developing rural industries, and promoting talent development in rural areas. Zhejiang focuses on narrowing urban-rural disparities, while Henan emphasizes high-standard farmland construction, and Hunan prioritizes grain security. The provinces are using technology and diversified food systems to improve agricultural practices, while encouraging integration of urban and rural development.
Summary: Brazilian President Lula, in an interview with Chinese media, emphasized Brazil's view of China as a political, economic, and strategic partner in a turbulent world. He anticipates his upcoming visit to China will deepen cooperation in trade, technology, climate change, and public health and looks forward to attending the China-CELAC forum. Lula lauded the growth in bilateral trade and expressed Brazil's willingness to attract more Chinese investment, particularly in infrastructure, and continue cooperation in areas like space and AI. He condemned protectionism and supported multilateralism and free trade, noting China's opposition to unfair tariffs, and expressed a desire to jointly promote a more just global governance system. Lula also called for developed nations to fulfill their climate responsibilities and welcomed Chinese support for the upcoming BRICS summit and COP30 in Brazil.
Summary: The State Council Information Office released a white paper, "China's National Security in the New Era," outlining China's national security concepts, practices, and achievements. The white paper emphasizes the overall stability of China's national security situation amidst global turbulence. It asserts that the "Overall National Security Concept" guides China's approach, focusing on people's security, political security, and national interests while promoting high-quality development and further opening up. It also presents the "Global Security Initiative" as China's contribution to global security governance and true multilateralism, and as the "world chapter" of the "Overall National Security Concept". The document positions China as contributing stability to a turbulent world and mentions China's commitment to maintaining regional peace and development with other Asia-Pacific nations.
Summary: The annual Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (Jing-Jin-Ji) leadership symposium was held in Hebei, focusing on deepening reform and promoting demonstration zones. Key initiatives discussed included building a modern capital metropolitan area, constructing a "Beautiful China" pilot zone, promoting industrial innovation in the Tongzhou-Wuqing-Langfang area, and converting scientific and technological achievements. A series of documents were reviewed and approved, outlining key tasks and promotion measures in these areas. Agreements were signed on co-building Zhongguancun partner parks, collaborative development of the synthetic biology manufacturing industry, and government service cooperation. The 2026 symposium will be held in Beijing.
Summary: This article discusses the corruption of an official who fell into unethical behavior due to prioritizing personal enjoyment and material pursuits, drawing a parallel to the story of Taishan porters who avoid resting too long on flat ground lest they lose their motivation for the difficult climb ahead. It stresses the importance of maintaining a strong moral compass and resisting temptations to avoid corruption. The piece emphasizes the need for Party members to be diligent and committed to their duties, especially during challenging times, and to constantly strive for improvement in their conduct. It warns against complacency and the evolving tactics of corruption, urging a sustained effort to maintain integrity and promote positive conduct within the Party. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article depicts tourists enjoying the scenery at Guniujiang Scenic Area in Chizhou, Anhui province. The image captures visitors at Longmen Pool, enjoying their weekend. The article does not mention any political figures, statements, actions, or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) reported that it has shut down 2,210 online accounts for spreading fabricated information, including those abusing AI and fabricating public policies, and social issues. The CAC cited examples of fabricated stories including false claims about lottery predictions, extreme weather events, violent crime, and government subsidies. The CAC vowed to continue monitoring and punishing accounts spreading rumors and encouraged public participation in reporting such activity. The announcement did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The State Council has appointed Mou Haisong as the new Deputy Director of the National Public Complaints and Proposals Administration. The announcement was made by Xinhua News Agency on May 12th. No further details regarding Mou's background or priorities were provided in the report. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: On May 12, Politburo Member and Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with foreign ministers and representatives from several Latin American countries attending the Forum of China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) Ministerial Meeting. Wang affirmed China's support for Cuba against sanctions, pledged deeper "Belt and Road" cooperation with Uruguay, and highlighted the significance of the Chancay Port project with Peru. He also reiterated China's opposition to "hegemonism and bullying," likely an allusion to the United States, during his meeting with Venezuela's Foreign Minister. All counterparts reaffirmed their adherence to the One China Principle.
Summary: The article reports on a nationwide campaign to study and implement the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, emphasizing practical results and focusing on improving the conduct of party members and cadres. Various regions and departments are employing innovative study methods, broadening channels for identifying problems, and emphasizing open education. These efforts aim to enhance work style and promote high-quality development, with examples including the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fujian's Xiamen, and Jiangsu's Yancheng. They are also implementing measures to address issues raised by the public.
Summary: The article reports on the high-speed train research center at Central South University, which has pioneered research in aerodynamics and collision safety for trains. The center's work has supported the development of streamlined designs and energy-absorbing structures for Chinese high-speed trains like the Fuxing Hao. Researchers conduct experiments in extreme environments to ensure safety and optimize performance, contributing to advancements in wind-resistant train technology, particularly on lines like the Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-Speed Railway. The center has been recognized with awards for its contributions to rail technology, including the "China Youth May Fourth Medal".
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Summary: This article compiles three short essays from individuals working in China's western regions, discussing their experiences and reflections on rural development. Wang Biquan, a village Party secretary in Guangxi, recounts how solving practical problems like crop drying and promoting cultural activities improved villagers' lives. Wang Qiang, a worker at a Xinjiang energy base, emphasizes the value of perseverance and witnessing the region's transformation. Yang Min, a government worker in Gansu, highlights the practical lessons and personal growth gained from working directly with rural communities.
Summary: The article discusses China's economic development focusing on optimizing incremental growth and revitalizing existing assets. It argues that while initial growth relied on new inputs, current development requires prioritizing quality and efficiency. Examples include improvements in logistics and silver tourism, as well as efforts to utilize unused patents and assets. The article cites Singapore's Lee Hsien Loong's belief in China's continued prosperity and references international media acknowledging China's better than expected Q1 economic data. The piece advocates for a balanced approach to unlock further economic potential.
Summary: The article discusses China's efforts to comprehensively utilize crop straw, transforming it from a discarded byproduct into a valuable resource. This shift is attributed to changes in development philosophy, technological innovation, and supportive national policies, moving from simply burning straw to utilizing it for fertilizer, feed, energy, and industrial materials. The comprehensive utilization of straw exemplifies the upgrading of the agricultural industry system, which is a key part of the national plan to build a strong agricultural country. The article argues that continued exploration will ensure straw is fully utilized.
Summary: The article discusses the "Dongguan-Hong Kong International Airport Center," a cross-border sea-air intermodal project that has facilitated over 25.6 billion in import and export value since its launch in April 2023. By streamlining customs and inspection procedures, the center enables goods produced in the Greater Bay Area to reach international markets, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, via Hong Kong International Airport within 12 hours. This collaboration between Guangdong and Hong Kong involves regulatory reforms and policy coordination, reducing time and costs for businesses. The project exemplifies China's efforts to deepen reform, expand institutional opening-up, and align with high international standards of trade. It serves as a model for other regions seeking to enhance trade facilitation and global market access.
Summary: In the first quarter of 2025, China's marine economy demonstrated positive growth, driven by increases in marine aquatic product output (4.5%), offshore crude oil (1.7%) and natural gas production (13.8%), and offshore wind power capacity (41.6%). The marine tourism industry also experienced growth, with a value added of 384.2 billion yuan, a 7.5% increase. This growth positions the marine economy as a significant engine for high-quality development in China. The report did not mention the United States or US-China relations.
Summary: This is a call for submissions to various opinion and commentary sections of the People's Daily, including "Everyone's Talk," "Heartwarming News and Hot Reviews," "The Chinese Road and the Chinese Dream," and "Commentary." The notice specifies the email address for submissions and requests that authors not submit the same article to multiple publications simultaneously. There is no mention of any official's statements, actions, or US-China relations.
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Summary: The fourth Ministerial Conference of the China-CELAC Forum will be held in Beijing on May 13th. China welcomes representatives from Latin American and Caribbean countries to discuss development, revitalization, and the building of a China-LAC community with a shared future. Over the past decade, China-LAC trade has doubled, reaching $518.4 billion in 2024. China opposes hegemony and power politics, contrasting its approach with that of certain major countries that bring "negative energy" to the region. China aims to deepen cooperation with Latin America, promoting a fairer international order and opposing interference in internal affairs, especially from the United States.
Summary: The CCP Central Committee and the State Council have issued the "Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection," emphasizing Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought. The regulations aim to strengthen the Party's leadership in ecological and environmental protection and improve the inspection system. They establish a two-tier inspection system, with central inspections of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, relevant departments of the State Council, and central enterprises, and provincial-level inspections of lower-level entities. The regulations outline the objects and content of inspections, procedures, methods, rectification requirements, and accountability measures. The document does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: An area in Guizhou province is developing a matcha industry, focusing on the production of tencha, the raw material for matcha. This development aligns with Xi Jinping's call to develop modern, efficient mountain agriculture with competitive industries. Local company Guicha Group has established a "matcha super factory" with advanced production lines and aims to export its products, already selling to 40+ countries. The local government also gives subsidies to farmers for matcha production. The initiative is boosting local incomes and tourism, with new matcha-themed products and experiences being developed.
Summary: China has initiated a national seed certification program to improve seed quality, with the first batch of certified seeds, marked with a "China Seed Certification" logo, now available in agricultural supply stores. The program involves rigorous field inspections and quality control throughout the seed production process to ensure higher germination rates and purity. According to officials, certified seeds of crops like corn, soybean, and rice have shown significant improvements in these key quality indicators compared to standard seeds. Initial results suggest that using certified seeds can lead to increased yields and economic benefits for farmers, fostering trust between seed producers, businesses, and growers. The program aims to elevate seed quality standards and promote the high-quality development of the seed industry, supporting China's efforts to enhance grain production capacity.
Summary: Guangzhou International Bio Island has implemented measures to reduce costs for resident private enterprises, including rent reductions and a revised property management fee structure, benefiting approximately 180 companies. These changes, such as the new "basic + value-added services" property fee model, allow companies to allocate more funds to research and development, and are part of Guangzhou Development Zone's broader effort to foster high-quality development of the private sector. The "Park Partner" initiative addresses issues like high rents and land acquisition difficulties, while a 5 billion RMB science and technology innovation fund supports early-stage tech companies. These policies aim to create a comprehensive support system for enterprises throughout their lifecycle, fostering innovation and growth in the biomedical industry. The article makes no mention of the United States or of US-China relations.
Summary: To commemorate the 17th National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day, various regions and departments across China have been actively implementing emergency drills and promotional activities focused on identifying potential disaster risks and improving emergency response capabilities. Sichuan, Fujian, Chongqing, and Gansu provinces have conducted earthquake emergency drills involving diverse participants, including students. The Ministry of Emergency Management launched an emergency science IP to enhance safety promotion, while other departments coordinated public awareness campaigns and risk assessments. These initiatives aim to enhance disaster prevention awareness and preparedness across Chinese society.
Summary: On International Nurses Day, the International Committee of the Red Cross announced the winners of the 50th Nightingale Award, with seven nurses from China receiving the honor, the highest number from any single country. China's nursing workforce has expanded during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with the number of registered nurses increasing by approximately 8% annually, reaching nearly 6 million. Nursing services have been optimized through initiatives like strengthening hospital nursing and implementing action plans. The National Health Commission emphasized the need to protect nurses' rights and reduce their burden. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article discusses the celebration of International Nurses Day in China, highlighting concerns that organized activities, while intended to show appreciation, may burden nurses who are already overworked. It suggests that true care involves respecting nurses' wishes and focusing on their actual needs, such as reasonable schedules, better working conditions, and improved compensation. The piece advocates for less performative displays of appreciation and more substantive, ongoing support for the nursing profession. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Guangxi province has launched a tourism year and implemented pro-consumption policies to attract tourists and stimulate the market. The policies appear to be effective, as seen in flourishing tourism locations such as the Qingshan Scenic Area in Nanning on May 11th. The article focuses on the province's tourism drive and makes no mention of specific political figures or U.S.-China relations. The image accompanying the article depicts the Qieshi Garden in bloom, drawing visitors. No accompanying officials are mentioned in the article.
Summary: Fujian province will allocate 20 million yuan from the provincial business development fund to promote its "first store economy" by supporting the launch of new products, brands, and flagship stores. The measures aim to establish Fujian as a hub for both domestic and international brands and incubate original brands, focusing on geographically indicated products, time-honored brands, and "Guochao" (domestic trend) products. Subsidies of up to 1 million yuan will be given to eligible projects that establish or upgrade display centers. The province will also promote retail innovation in commercial districts and pedestrian streets.
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Summary: Zhejiang province has implemented a "Cultural Commissioner" system, dispatching over 1570 cultural personnel to rural areas to address the urban-rural cultural gap and promote "common prosperity" in spiritual life, as called for by Xi Jinping. These commissioners focus on integrating resources and stimulating local cultural vitality, aiming to develop "cultural economy" by developing local culture and creating cultural enrichment for the locals. The initiative involves a systematic approach to personnel selection, responsibility definition, and management, ensuring that cultural resources reach the grassroots level. The program promotes collaborative efforts to enhance grassroots governance and bridge regional cultural disparities, while boosting the development of rural cultural industries.
Summary: The article emphasizes Xi Jinping's call to uphold the values of hard work and frugality, viewing them as crucial for the CCP's endurance and warning against the dangers of extravagance. It highlights Xi's directives from March 2024 in Guizhou, stressing the importance of addressing extravagance to prevent corruption and maintain the Party's connection with the people. The piece argues that controlling extravagance is essential for national prosperity and links it to broader efforts to combat corruption, particularly in the context of China's ongoing development as a socialist nation and the need to "live frugally". It calls for education, strict enforcement, and immediate rectification to combat extravagance and promote positive social values. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: An article summarizing Xi Jinping's remarks on AI emphasizes the need to leverage China's socialist system to overcome shortcomings in core technologies and promote healthy AI development. It highlights China's achievements in AI, including advancements in large language models and hardware, but acknowledges the need to address weaknesses in basic theory, hardware, and software, where the U.S. currently holds an advantage. The article stresses China's strengths in data resources, application scenarios, and industrial systems, advocating for an application-driven approach. It also emphasizes fostering a collaborative ecosystem and strengthening talent development in AI.
Summary: The Central Committee and the State Council have issued the "Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Protection Supervision," which comprehensively standardizes ecological and environmental protection supervision work. Xu Biju, Director of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Supervision Coordination Bureau, stated that the "Regulations" systematically summarize the theoretical and practical experience of ecological and environmental protection supervision in the new era, which is of great significance to comprehensively promote the construction of a beautiful China. The "Regulations" clarify the principles and requirements of accurate, scientific, and law-based supervision, focusing on problem-solving and accountability. The document emphasizes the importance of rectifying ecological and environmental problems.
Summary: On May 12th, most of China experienced little rain, while some areas in Hebei and Henan saw high temperatures. The Central Meteorological Observatory forecasts a new round of rainfall in southern China starting May 13th, with potential for severe weather. Northern China, including parts of Inner Mongolia and the Northeast, will also experience rain. Experts warn of potential secondary disasters in the south and strong convective weather hazards in eastern North China, while also highlighting the risk of hot and dry winds damaging winter wheat in other areas.
Summary: The Ministry of Ecology and Environment, in conjunction with the Supreme People's Court and other departments, issued an "Opinion" to optimize vehicle environmental supervision. The document focuses on strengthening the supervision of heavy-duty trucks and vehicle emission inspection and maintenance organizations, aiming to combat excessive emissions and fraudulent practices. It emphasizes shared responsibility across the production, ownership, usage, and service chains of vehicles. The "Opinion" outlines five specific measures, including enhanced monitoring of heavy-duty trucks, improved inspection and maintenance management, strengthened source control of vehicle emissions, enhanced data sharing and collaboration, and improved digital supervision capabilities. It aims to improve air quality by addressing environmental pollution within the motor vehicle sector.
Summary: A "Jiangxi Day" event was held in Rabat, Morocco, showcasing Jiangxi's culture and tourism through exhibitions and performances. The event, framed as a cultural exchange, highlighted Jiangxi's natural beauty, history, and cultural charm, aiming to promote its tourism globally. Jiangxi's inbound tourism has seen significant growth, prompting a strategic upgrade from "Follow Jiangxi" to "Discover Jiangxi." The province has launched overseas promotion plans, including in Hong Kong and Macao, and collaborated with international platforms to enhance its global presence.
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Summary: This white paper outlines China's perspective on national security in a changing world, emphasizing stability amid global turbulence. It highlights the concept of Overall National Security, prioritizing political security and national interests while promoting international cooperation. It emphasizes the need to balance development and security, especially in emerging fields, and criticizes "hegemonism" and "power politics" for undermining global stability, specifically mentioning the Asia-Pacific region as an arena for geopolitical competition and the threat of interference in the Taiwan Strait. China advocates for the Global Security Initiative, emphasizing multilateralism and peaceful resolution of disputes. The document also details efforts to modernize China's national security apparatus and safeguard its sovereignty, development, and interests.
Summary: This white paper emphasizes China's commitment to national security through the "Overall National Security Concept," which prioritizes political security and the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party. It asserts that China contributes stability to a turbulent world, highlighting challenges in the Asia-Pacific region stemming from major power competition and external interference, particularly from the United States. The document underlines China's dedication to safeguarding its sovereignty, territorial integrity, and development interests, while also promoting global security through initiatives and multilateral engagement. It stresses the importance of balancing development and security, as well as openness and security, in China's modernization efforts. Finally, the paper outlines plans to modernize China's national security system and capabilities through legal, strategic, and institutional reforms.
Summary: A State Council Information Office representative released a white paper titled "China's National Security in the New Era," outlining the country's approach to national security in a changing world. The white paper emphasizes the importance of both development and security, advocating for a "holistic" approach to national security that encompasses political, economic, social, and international dimensions. In response to a question about US-China relations, the representative stated that China is committed to managing relations based on mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation, and that it is not afraid to stand up for its interests in the face of pressure. The paper rejects the "zero-sum game" mentality and promotes the Global Security Initiative as a way to address international security challenges and build a more just and equitable global security governance system. China committed to promoting a multi-polar world order.
Summary: This white paper articulates China's perspective on national security in a complex global landscape, emphasizing stability amidst global upheaval and challenges in the Asia-Pacific region. It outlines the "Overall National Security Concept" as a guiding framework, prioritizing political security and national interests, while balancing development and security, and promoting international cooperation. It critiques hegemonism and protectionism, particularly from "individual countries," and emphasizes China's commitment to peaceful development and a multi-polar world. The document addresses internal security, including social stability, economic development, and emerging technology risks, while also focusing on external challenges, such as Taiwan, border disputes, and safeguarding overseas interests. Finally, it advocates for the Global Security Initiative, promoting common security through multilateralism and offering solutions to global challenges, while upholding the UN's central role.
Summary: At a press conference held by the Ministry of Emergency Management and the China Earthquake Administration, officials discussed earthquake safety knowledge and disaster prevention efforts. Experts explained the mechanics of earthquakes, including magnitude, intensity, and depth, while debunking myths around predicting them via animal behavior or cloud formations. Officials, including Wang Xingzhou from the China Earthquake Network Center, outlined safety measures during and after an earthquake, emphasizing early warning systems and proper evacuation techniques. Shen Zhanli, spokesperson for the Ministry of Emergency Management, stressed the importance of preparedness, including home safety checks, emergency kits, and knowledge of evacuation routes. The government plans to improve infrastructure resilience and address potential secondary disaster risks, as well as prepare for extreme conditions impacting rescue efforts.
Summary: The article discusses the importance of brand building for China's high-quality development and meeting the needs of its people. It highlights innovation in products, technology, and production as key drivers for Chinese brands to thrive, featuring examples like Anta, Ant Group, and Renhe Group. It also notes that Chinese brands are actively fulfilling social responsibilities by promoting traditional culture, supporting small businesses, and meeting consumer needs. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for strengthened international cooperation, optimized management, and enhanced quality to further build strong Chinese brands and promote national development. It mentions China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) promoting "Hualong One" and other independent nuclear power brands to go global.
Summary: According to the article, China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC) aims to be a leader in international nuclear technology. CNNC is advancing China's nuclear energy strategy, including the "Hualong One" reactor, which has the most units in operation or under construction globally, and the "Linglong One" small modular reactor. The corporation is also working on nuclear fusion technology, with the "China Ring Three" achieving a breakthrough in nuclear fusion. CNNC is promoting the global use of the "Hualong One" and has exported nuclear technology to several countries.
Summary: Southern Power Grid (南方电网) emphasized its commitment to innovation, coordination, green development, and shared prosperity, highlighting its role in ensuring stable energy supply, particularly during natural disasters. The company achieved record-high electricity transmission from western to eastern China (西电东送) and made advancements in grid reliability. Investment in fixed assets also reached a new high, with progress made in regional integration and the development of digital grids. Southern Power Grid also focused on technological innovation, including AI applications and energy storage, and promoted green energy transition, with a significant increase in renewable energy capacity and green electricity trading.
Summary: The article highlights the resilience of China's industrial chain through the lens of the 137th Canton Fair, showcasing China's capacity to offer comprehensive "one-stop solutions" from raw materials to finished products, exemplified by the extensive range of automotive products available. It emphasizes the importance of innovation and green transformation for Chinese brands to maintain competitiveness and sustainability in the face of global supply chain restructuring. The piece posits that Chinese brands must leverage their strengths, including the vast domestic market and consumer trust, to navigate challenges and achieve further growth, ultimately strengthening China's overall economy. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: Ningbo Jinri Foods, previously focused on exports to Europe and the U.S., is shifting its focus to the domestic Chinese market due to a "complex and severe external environment" and for the company's long-term development. Facing challenges such as low consumer acceptance and brand recognition, the company launched a new brand, "Feichang Yukuai" (非常鱼块), targeting Chinese consumers with ready-to-eat tuna products. The local government in Fenghua District is supporting Jinri Foods' domestic market expansion through services like connecting them with local livestreaming companies and providing policy packages. The company aims to increase domestic sales to over 30% this year, eventually balancing exports and domestic sales.
Summary: The article discusses Chinese export-oriented firms strategically shifting towards domestic sales ("外贸转内销") to navigate global uncertainties and integrate into China's "dual circulation" economic strategy. This transition requires firms to move beyond low-end manufacturing and develop strengths in R&D, design, and marketing, effectively reshaping their competitive advantages. The example of Ningbo Jinri Food illustrates this shift, emphasizing the need for brand building and product innovation tailored to the domestic market. Success hinges on a supportive business environment that facilitates brand registration and protection.
Summary: The rapid adoption of hidden car door handles in China, driven by aesthetics and perceived technological advantages, has led to the identification of safety concerns. Users have reported issues ranging from operational difficulties in cold weather to potential entrapment risks after collisions. In response, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology is soliciting feedback on mandatory national standards for automotive door handle safety, addressing emergency release mechanisms, marking requirements, anti-pinch measures, strength standards, and dynamic testing. These standards aim to improve safety in emergency scenarios, prevent accidental door openings during accidents, and ensure clear markings for emergency exits. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A meeting was held in Changsha, Hunan Province, organized by the National Export Control Coordination Mechanism Office, involving multiple ministries and provincial authorities, to strengthen export controls on strategic minerals. The focus is on tightening regulations across the entire supply chain, from mining to export, and combating illegal activities such as smuggling and misreporting, which aim to circumvent export controls. This follows a prior meeting in Shenzhen, Guangdong to address strategic mineral smuggling. The Ministry of Commerce spokesperson stated that these export controls on strategic mineral resources are related to national security and development interests.
Summary: Taihe County in Jiangxi province is leveraging its abundant bamboo resources to develop a bamboo processing industry. The goal is to increase the added value of bamboo products and boost farmer incomes. The provided image shows workers drying bamboo strips at a processing plant in Shibi Village, Qiaotou Town.
Summary: Guangdong province has announced twelve new measures designed to stimulate business activity and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system. These measures include subsidizing loans for manufacturing and high-tech enterprises up to 35% of the bank loan interest, aiming for a total subsidized loan scale of up to 200 billion yuan annually. Guangdong also plans to expand government financing guarantees and establish over one trillion yuan in industrial investment and venture capital funds. To attract talent, the province will implement the "Million Talents to Guangdong" plan, offering preferential policies like family household registration for key personnel. The province is also establishing a full lifecycle service system for enterprises.
Summary: According to Xinhua News Agency, Sany Heavy Industry's "Excavator Index" indicates stable progress in national infrastructure projects in April, with overall engineering machinery indices showing minimal fluctuations. The national engineering machinery operating rate slightly decreased to 49.53%, although total working hours saw a marginal increase. The Northeast region led in growth, with an operating rate of 61.13%, a 13.08% increase. Road construction activity was particularly strong, with road equipment operating rates increasing by 7.2%.
Summary: A report highlights efforts by the State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power Company to improve rural electrification in Heilongjiang province. Farmers like Liu Guojun are benefiting from faster and more efficient electricity connections for irrigation, with State Grid personnel like Hao Fengxue and Hao Kun offering on-site guidance. Qin Jianguo, a livestock farm manager, also noted the cost savings and convenience of switching from diesel to electric pumps. The company is investing heavily in upgrading rural power grids, aiming for higher reliability and voltage quality, and has established service teams to address agricultural users' electricity needs, with the aim of enabling greater adoption of smart agriculture technologies. The company has also been proactive in identifying and resolving potential hazards in agricultural electrical systems.
Summary: Yunnan province's installed renewable energy capacity has surpassed 60 million kilowatts, driven by recent new energy plant launches. Wind and solar power constitute the majority of this capacity. Renewable energy now represents 38% of the province's total installed capacity, making it the second-largest energy source after hydropower. Yunnan, a key energy base for the "West-East Electricity Transfer" project, possesses abundant green energy resources. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: The fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum will be held in Beijing on May 13, with Xi Jinping delivering a keynote speech. Xi's speech will review China-Latin America relations and propose new initiatives for their development. The meeting aims to strengthen cooperation in areas like technological innovation, trade, and infrastructure under the Belt and Road Initiative. China and Latin America both support economic globalization, oppose unilateralism and economic bullying, and oppose the politicization of economic and trade relations. The forum seeks to address global challenges and promote world peace.
Summary: The article discusses how Brazil, New Zealand, and the Netherlands are enhancing their agricultural sectors through specialization and improved practices. Brazil is focusing on developing specialty coffee beans for the high-end market through scientific methods and sustainable practices. New Zealand's kiwifruit industry emphasizes stringent standards throughout the production and sales process to ensure quality and brand reputation. The Netherlands utilizes an efficient auction system and logistics to facilitate its large-scale flower exports.
Summary: The 中柬（南宁）Rubber Production Base was inaugurated in Nanning, Guangxi, with Nanning Party Secretary Nong Shengwen and Mayor Hou Gang in attendance, along with Chen Jack, advisor to Cambodian Senate President Hun Sen. The base, a joint venture between Cambodian and Thai entities, is intended to implement agreements between Chinese and Cambodian leaders. It aims to produce 24,000 tons of natural rubber annually with technical support from Thai experts, with a projected industrial output value of 1.08 billion RMB by 2026.
Summary: A report by Germany Trade & Invest (GTAI) indicates sustained Chinese investment in Germany, with 199 projects in 2024. China ranked third in investment projects, focusing on renewable energy, electronics, automation, transport, and logistics, with a growing emphasis on production, research and development. GTAI expert Thomas Bohayan highlighted Germany as the primary beneficiary of Chinese investment in Europe, noting a shift towards renewable energy, battery supply chains, automotive, medical technology, and robotics. Bohayan also observed a strong global growth trend in Chinese foreign investment, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. The report did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: In 2024, Peru's exports reached $74.664 billion, a 15.6% increase, driven by growth in non-traditional sectors such as agriculture and metallurgy. Peruvian Minister of Economy and Finance Jose Arista anticipates exports exceeding $100 billion in the medium to long term. China is Peru's largest trading partner, with trade reaching $39.758 billion in 2024, a 10.9% increase, with exports to China representing 34% of Peru's total exports. The opening of Chancay port in November 2024 is expected to boost trade, particularly with Asia, with Interior Minister Juan José Santiváñez expressing high expectations for the Chinese market.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: Archaeologists are conducting experimental archaeology to unravel the mysteries of the Sanxingdui sacrificial pits, focusing on the unique No. 6 pit containing a carbonized wooden box. Experiments involve replicating the pit and the box to understand how the box was burned, why it remained intact, and when the cinnabar was applied. Researchers are also studying other artifacts, such as bronze bells, revealing a sophisticated musical system, and analyzing "pottery hot pots" to determine their function. These experiments aim to reconstruct the rituals and technologies of the Sanxingdui civilization.
Summary: Archaeological analysis suggests the Sanxingdui sacrificial pits were deliberately constructed and filled in a highly organized manner, reflecting a significant ritualistic event. The pits' orientation aligns with the city's walls and palace architecture, indicating a unified planning approach. Artifacts were categorized and carefully placed within the pits, followed by象牙,焚烧灰烬, and earth. The pit creation, dated to around 1117-1012 BC, potentially correlates with the Shang-Zhou dynastic transition in central China.
Summary: In the 17th century, tea from China's Wuyi Mountains traveled to Russia, establishing the Tea Road, a trade route lasting hundreds of years. Tea became a major global commodity, and the Tea Road facilitated cultural exchange and mutual understanding along its path. The Tea Road was pioneered by Shanxi merchants, or "Jinshang" who developed a trade network spanning from southern tea-producing regions through Mongolia to Russia and Europe. This trade fostered economic and cultural exchange, influencing urban development, transportation infrastructure, and religious diversity along the route. The Tea Road's historical legacy can promote contemporary dialogue, trade, and regional cooperation.
Summary: The Yunnan Forest Fire Brigade has established a non-material cultural heritage exhibition hall dedicated to the story of the northward migration and return of wild elephants in 2021, a conservation effort that garnered international attention. The exhibition showcases over 50 pieces of Yunnan's intangible cultural heritage, including Bai tie-dye, Dai brocade, and Jianchuan wood carvings. Brigade personnel collaborated with local artisans to create pieces that narrate the elephant saga, hoping to promote biodiversity conservation through cultural diversity. The exhibition has attracted numerous visitors and artisans, with more cultural heritage items being added.
Summary: The Palace Museum is currently hosting an exhibit in the Hall of Literary Brilliance titled "Harmony of All Life: Special Exhibition of Animal-themed Paintings in the Collection of the Palace Museum," featuring 117 paintings from the Five Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty. Divided into three sections, the exhibition showcases various animal depictions, from birds and beasts to insects and mythical creatures, reflecting the Chinese understanding and appreciation of nature. Notable works include Huang Quan's "Sketch of Rare Birds," Cui Bai's "Winter Sparrows," and Lang Shining's "Wanji Tu," depicting a life-sized horse. The exhibit's theme, "Harmony of All Life," emphasizes values of harmony, respect for natural laws, and inclusiveness.
Summary: A collaborative effort between universities and the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology is yielding significant results in organizing and publishing previously backlogged archaeological data, particularly concerning the Zhongshan state. Over 300 students from more than 10 universities have participated in the project, processing artifacts and contributing to excavation reports, like those from Qinglian and Gangbei. This collaboration has led to the publication of several key reports and the creation of a database of over 18,000 artifacts, benefiting both researchers and local museums. The initiative is also enhancing archaeological education and facilitating public access to cultural heritage.
Summary: I am unable to provide a summary as there is no article provided. Please provide the article text so I can complete the task.
Summary: This article inaugurates a new column, "Borderland Observations," focusing on China's relationships with its neighbors through on-the-ground reporting from border regions. The first installment highlights Heshun, a town in Yunnan province known as the "No. 1 Overseas Chinese Town in Southwest China," due to its extensive diaspora in countries like Myanmar, Thailand, and the United States. Heshun historically thrived as a trading post on the Southwest Silk Road, fostering a unique blend of Chinese and foreign cultures, with many residents bringing back goods and ideas from abroad. Today, Heshun continues to promote economic and cultural exchange, particularly with Myanmar, through trade and educational initiatives. The article does not directly address the topic of US-China relations, but mentions that some residents of Heshun live in the United States.
Summary: This article emphasizes that true openness in a nation or region begins with the openness of its people, particularly their mindset. The example of Heshun, a town in Yunnan province, is used to illustrate this point, highlighting its history as a hub of cultural exchange and trade due to its people's outward-looking perspective and embrace of foreign influences. Heshun's history demonstrates that even remote regions can foster openness and global connections. China, with its growing open attitude, will continue to serve as a hub for global cultural exchange and cooperation.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: Tianjin's Hebei district is enhancing grassroots governance through a "Strengthening the Foundation and Empowering" project, focusing on improving residents' sense of gain and happiness. The district has established Party branches in marketplaces, attracting new groups such as food delivery drivers and integrating them into community governance to ensure the resolution of issues in a timely fashion. The district has also implemented a "Sunshine Property Management" model, promoting transparency and trust between property management and residents. The initiative involves community-level Party committees leading efforts to collect resident feedback and supervise property management operations, aiming to resolve conflicts at the community level and improve resident satisfaction.
Summary: A recent anti-corruption article emphasizes the importance of adhering to the spirit of the "Eight-Point Regulation" and avoiding corruption in minor matters, as these small transgressions can reflect a larger decay of ideals and principles. It highlights that seemingly insignificant actions, like accepting gifts or lavish entertainment, reveal a cadre's commitment to the Party and their ability to resist temptation. The article urges cadres to maintain vigilance and self-discipline in all aspects of their conduct to maintain a positive image of the Party among the people. The piece also notes the ongoing campaign to study and implement the Eight-Point Regulation.
Summary: A Communist Party-organized volunteer service team from the Guangchang County People's Hospital in Jiangxi Province provided free health consultations and check-ups to outdoor workers such as sanitation workers, delivery drivers, and couriers. The team, composed of Party member volunteers, aimed to serve this segment of the workforce. The picture accompanying the article shows a Party member volunteer measuring the blood pressure of a delivery driver. No U.S. or U.S.-China relations were mentioned.
Summary: A village accountant in Heilongjiang Province, Li Moumou, was found to have improperly expensed 50 RMB for a personal lunch onto village funds. The local discipline inspection commission discovered the discrepancy during an audit of village accounts and questioned Li, who confessed to the wrongdoing. Li was given a warning and ordered to reimburse the funds. The incident was used as a cautionary tale about adhering to financial regulations and avoiding even minor infractions, as these can lead to more significant transgressions. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: An initiative in Chun'an County, Zhejiang Province, is leveraging Party building to promote rural revitalization through the "Da Xiajiang" model. This model centers around Xiajiang Village and involves neighboring villages collaborating under a joint Party committee to address economic disparities and resource fragmentation. The "Da Xiajiang" Rural Revitalization Development Company was established to create a regional brand and boost farmers' incomes by centrally marketing agricultural products. The company also developed a digital platform to facilitate online sales, significantly increasing revenue for local farmers. The Party committee ensures that the company prioritizes farmers' interests by setting procurement prices slightly below market rates and reinvesting profits into village collective economies.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to create an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: This article discusses the role of music during wartime, focusing on Chinese and Soviet compositions during World War II and their significance in galvanizing national spirit and resistance. It highlights pieces like the "Yellow River Cantata" and Shostakovich's "Symphony No. 7" as examples of musical works that transcended national boundaries to inspire unity against fascism. The article also notes contemporary compositions reflecting on the war and promoting peace, emphasizing music's enduring power to address human suffering and inspire hope amidst ongoing global conflicts. There is no mention of the United States.
Summary: This article, authored by the Chinese Folk Literature and Art Association's Party Secretary, discusses the characteristics of "new mass literature and art" (新大众文艺) and its relationship to traditional folk art. The article claims that new mass literature is characterized by mass creation and sharing, mirroring folk art. It highlights the emergence of new creators, including internet celebrities and highly educated individuals, as well as new forms of content, organization, and communication, that are driving the transformation of folk art into "new mass literature." The author emphasizes the potential of folk art to provide creative inspiration for new mass art, citing the popularity of movies and games based on folk art and mythology. There is no discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: The literary magazine *Yanhe* is advocating for a renewed focus on "new mass literature" (*xin dazhong wenyi*) in response to contemporary changes in literary production and dissemination. The initiative aims to reaffirm the fundamental position of mass literature, aligning with the Chinese Communist Party's historical mission of building a national, scientific, and mass-oriented Chinese culture. *Yanhe* is launching a "Search for New Era Literary Dark Horses" campaign and establishing a "New Mass Literature Award" to promote original works. The author suggests that this focus on mass literature reflects a vision where the free development of each individual contributes to the free development of all.
Summary: The article discusses the rise of "new mass literature and art" (新大众文艺) through short videos and live streaming, enabled by digital technologies like AI and VR lowering creative barriers. This new form of content creation is democratized, allowing anyone to be a creator and fostering a resurgence of interest in traditional Chinese culture, as evidenced by the popularity of intangible cultural heritage content on platforms like Douyin. This trend has also spurred cultural tourism and economic development in certain regions. The author argues that new mass literature has brought new vitality to cultural expression and that the new trend has brought new vitality to cultural expression. The article did not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: An article discussing the 15th Beijing International Film Festival (BJIFF) reports that the sameness of films is a problem for the Chinese film industry. According to the article, director Jiang Wen stated at the festival that the "most terrible thing about movies is that they are all so similar." The author argues that while some similarity is inevitable within genres, truly successful films differentiate themselves. The author ultimately suggests that films should focus on reflecting real life rather than imitating other works. The article concludes by stressing the need for artistic individuality in reflecting the essence of the era.
Summary: This article analyzes the portrayal of female police detectives in Chinese suspense dramas, using the series "Above the Clouds" as a recent example. It argues that while female detectives represent a promising area for innovation, their characterizations often fall short by either lacking professional depth, being overly driven by romantic subplots, or failing to connect with broader societal themes. The author emphasizes the importance of showcasing a strong sense of mission and a unique, powerful subjectivity in these characters, drawing a contrast with more compelling figures like Rui Xiaodan from "Tian Dao." To improve the genre, the author advocates for a deeper exploration of the interplay between the characters' abilities, aspirations, and the era in which they live.
Summary: The television drama "Green Mountains are My Hometown" broadcast on CCTV-1, tells the story of villagers starting green planting businesses. The show aims to depict an authentic and multi-faceted countryside, highlighting both the hardships of entrepreneurship and the warmth of human relationships. The protagonist, Dong Daling, leads villagers to prosperity while reflecting the trend of returning farmers participating in rural construction. The drama also explores family ethics and traditional values, offering a reflection on the connection between individuals, families, land, and traditions. The show depicts green planting technology as its market demand, promotion mechanisms, and ideological collisions, providing an artistic record of rural development in the new era.
Summary: This short article provides contact information for the literary and art criticism section of the People's Daily newspaper, including an email address. It also credits Zhao Siru for the page layout design. There is no mention of Chinese politics, specific officials, the United States, or U.S.-China relations.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 12th (北京) -- Recently, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央) and the State Council (国务院) issued the "Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection" (《生态环境保护督察工作条例》, hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations"), and issued a notice requiring all regions and departments to earnestly comply with and implement them.
The notice pointed out that the "Regulations" are guided by Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on ecological civilization, summarize the theoretical and practical experience of ecological and environmental protection inspections in the new era, and further improve the system and mechanism of ecological and environmental protection inspections. It is of great significance for adhering to and strengthening the Party's overall leadership over ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection, deeply promoting ecological and environmental protection inspections, and comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China.
The notice requires all regions and departments to earnestly study and implement the "Regulations," do a good job in publicity and interpretation, and ensure that the various provisions of the "Regulations" are implemented. It is necessary to further consolidate the political responsibility for building a beautiful China, firmly grasp the "ox nose" of the ecological and environmental protection responsibility system, strengthen the awareness of the overall situation, maintain a strict tone, dare to be serious and tough, continuously discover problems, conscientiously solve problems, and improve the execution of the Party Central Committee's decisions and deployments on ecological civilization construction. Important situations and suggestions from all regions and departments in the implementation of the "Regulations" should be reported to the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) in a timely manner.
The full text of the "Regulations" is as follows.
Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection
(Reviewed and approved by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局会议) on March 31, 2025; issued by the CPC Central Committee (中共中央) and the State Council (国务院) on April 28, 2025)
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the "Constitution of the Communist Party of China" (《中国共产党章程》) in order to adhere to and strengthen the Party's overall leadership over ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection, and to deeply promote ecological and environmental protection inspection work.
Article 2 Ecological and environmental protection inspection work shall adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on ecological civilization, profoundly understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishes," strengthen the "Four Consciousnesses," strengthen the "Four Confidences," and achieve the "Two Safeguards," fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, firmly establish and practice the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, give full play to the sharp sword role of ecological and environmental protection inspection, adhere to discovering problems and solving problems, strengthen inspection rectification and the application of results, adhere to supporting high-quality development with high-level protection, deepen the reform of the ecological civilization system, enhance the modernization level of the ecological environment governance system and governance capabilities, comprehensively promote the construction of a beautiful China, and promote the realization of modernization in which humans and nature coexist in harmony.
Article 3 Ecological and environmental protection inspection work shall follow the following principles:
(1) Adhere to and strengthen the Party's overall leadership and grasp the political direction;
(2) Adhere to being people-centered and establish a service-oriented awareness;
(3) Adhere to serving the overall situation and establish a systematic concept;
(4) Adhere to a problem-oriented approach and a strict tone, and dare to be serious and tough;
(5) Adhere to regulations and laws, and achieve accuracy, science, objectivity, and fairness.
Chapter II Organization, Leadership, and Institutional Responsibilities
Article 4 Under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee (党中央), a two-level ecological and environmental protection inspection system shall be implemented at the central, provincial, autonomous region, and directly administered municipality levels.
The central ecological and environmental protection inspection shall conduct comprehensive inspections of the Party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and directly administered municipalities, relevant departments of the State Council (国务院), and relevant central enterprises, etc., in fulfilling their responsibilities for ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection.
The ecological and environmental protection inspection of provinces, autonomous regions, and directly administered municipalities is an extension and supplement to the central ecological and environmental protection inspection, and shall organize and carry out inspections of the Party committees and governments of cities and prefectures within their administrative regions, relevant departments of the provincial government, and relevant provincial enterprises, etc.
Article 5 A Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work Leading Group shall be established to carry out work under the leadership of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) and its Standing Committee.
Article 6 The Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work Leading Group is responsible for coordinating, guiding, and supervising the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work. Its main responsibilities are:
(1) Studying and implementing Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on ecological civilization, implementing the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) on comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China and strengthening ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection, and studying and deploying the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work;
(2) Reporting the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work and other related situations to the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院);
(3) Studying and discussing the central ecological and environmental protection inspection system norms, plans, inspection reports, etc.;
(4) Listening to reports from the Leading Group Office on relevant work situations;
(5) Studying and discussing other important matters in the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work;
(6) Handling other matters assigned by the Party Central Committee (党中央).
Article 7 The Office of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work Leading Group is located in the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部), and is responsible for the daily work of the Leading Group, and undertakes the organization and implementation of the central ecological and environmental protection inspection and other work.
Article 8 According to the arrangements for the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work, and with the approval of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院), a Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team shall be formed.
The Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team shall have a leader and deputy leader, and the specific candidates shall be determined and authorized according to each inspection task. The leader shall be a current or recently retired leader at the provincial or ministerial level. A pool of candidates for the leader shall be established and managed by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部) in consultation with the Office of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work Leading Group. The candidates for the leader and deputy leader shall undergo the review procedures of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部).
The Inspection Team shall study, discuss, and decide on major matters in accordance with the principle of democratic centralism. The leader shall be fully responsible for the work of the Inspection Team, and the deputy leader shall assist the leader in carrying out the work.
Article 9 The responsibilities of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team are:
(1) To carry out inspections under the leadership of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work Leading Group in accordance with the deployments and requirements of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院);
(2) To report the inspection situation to the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work Leading Group and put forward opinions and suggestions;
(3) To organize the formation of typical cases, lists of clues to the accountability for ecological environment damage, and case files, and to draft inspection reports;
(4) To provide feedback on inspection opinions to the inspected entities, and to participate in promoting inspection rectification and the application of results;
(5) To educate, manage, and supervise the cadres of the Inspection Team;
(6) To handle other matters assigned by the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work Leading Group.
Article 10 Relevant departments of the central and state organs shall support the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work and assist in doing a good job in related work.
Article 11 The Party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and directly administered municipalities shall organize and carry out ecological and environmental protection inspection work in their respective administrative regions, strengthen overall coordination, and urge relevant departments and units to do a good job in implementing related work.
Article 12 According to the arrangements for the ecological and environmental protection inspection work of provinces, autonomous regions, and directly administered municipalities, and with the approval of the Party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and directly administered municipalities, a provincial ecological and environmental protection inspection team shall be formed.
Chapter III Inspection Targets and Content
Article 13 The targets of the central ecological and environmental protection inspection include:
(1) The Party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and directly administered municipalities;
(2) The Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部) and relevant departments of the State Council (国务院) that undertake important ecological and environmental protection responsibilities;
(3) Relevant central enterprises whose production and operation activities have a significant impact on the ecological environment;
(4) Other units that the Party Central Committee (党中央) requires to be inspected.
Article 14 The main contents of the central ecological and environmental protection inspection include:
(1) The study and implementation of Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on ecological civilization, and the implementation of the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) on ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection;
(2) The implementation of ecological and environmental protection Party regulations, laws and regulations, policies and systems, standards and norms, plans, and major reform tasks;
(3) The promotion and implementation of the "Party and government with the same responsibility" and "one post with dual responsibilities" for ecological and environmental protection;
(4) The implementation of ecological and environmental protection requirements in the implementation of major regional strategies;
(5) Work on environmental pollution prevention and control, green transformation of development methods, ecological protection and restoration, and promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the construction of a beautiful China;
(6) Rectification of problems identified in the central ecological and environmental protection inspection and the construction of a long-term mechanism;
(7) Prominent ecological and environmental problems that the people strongly reflect and their handling;
(8) Other ecological and environmental protection matters that need to be inspected.
Article 15 The targets of the ecological and environmental protection inspection of provinces, autonomous regions, and directly administered municipalities are the Party committees and governments of cities and prefectures within their administrative regions, provincial ecological environment departments, relevant departments of the provincial government, and relevant provincial enterprises, etc. The main contents of the inspection include:
(1) The study and implementation of Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on ecological civilization, and the implementation of the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) on ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection;
(2) Rectification of problems identified in the central ecological and environmental protection inspection and the provincial ecological and environmental protection inspection;
(3) The implementation of the ecological and environmental protection work requirements and responsibility implementation of the Party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and directly administered municipalities;
(4) Key river basins, regions, fields, industries, and prominent ecological and environmental problems and their handling within the administrative region;
(5) Ecological and environmental problems reported by the people through letters and visits and their handling;
(6) Other ecological and environmental protection matters that need to be inspected.
Chapter IV Work Procedures and Methods
Article 16 The central, provincial, autonomous region, and directly administered municipality ecological and environmental protection inspections take the forms of routine inspections and "look back," special inspections, and ecological environment warning films.
The central ecological and environmental protection inspection implements planning and management. Within a term of the Central Committee of the Party, routine inspections will achieve full coverage of the Party committees and governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and directly administered municipalities, and routine inspections will be carried out on relevant departments of the State Council (国务院) and relevant central enterprises. In response to the implementation of ecological and environmental protection requirements in the implementation of major regional strategies, combined with routine inspections, the coordinated promotion of river basin inspections and provincial inspections will be promoted. "Look back" inspections will be organized on the rectification situation as appropriate.
The central ecological and environmental protection special inspections and ecological environment warning films will focus on key river basins, regions, fields, industries, and prominent ecological and environmental problems to promote normalized supervision.
Article 17 The central, provincial, autonomous region, and directly administered municipality ecological and environmental protection inspections generally include the procedures and links of inspection preparation, inspection entry, inspection report, and inspection feedback.
Article 18 During the inspection preparation stage, centralized investigation of clues to problems will be organized as needed, and relevant departments and units will be consulted to understand the relevant situations and clues to problems of the inspected entities.
Article 19 During the entry period of routine inspections, the inspection team mainly adopts the following methods to carry out work:
(1) Listening to work reports and relevant special reports from the inspected entities;
(2) Conducting individual talks with the main responsible comrades and other relevant responsible comrades of the inspected entities;
(3) Accepting letters and visits from the people regarding ecological and environmental protection;
(4) Consulting and copying relevant documents, archives, and other materials;
(5) Conducting visits and inquiries to relevant places, departments, units, and individuals of the inspected entities;
(6) Holding symposiums and attending relevant meetings of the inspected entities;
(7) Going down to relevant places, departments, and units of the inspected entities to conduct unannounced visits and inspections;
(8) Conducting investigations and collecting evidence on clues to problems, and may order relevant places, departments, units, and individuals to make written explanations on relevant issues;
(9) Conducting spot checks and return visits on the rectification of problems reported by the people;
(10) In response to prominent problems discovered during the inspection, the relevant Party and government leading cadres may be interviewed or talked to as appropriate;
(11) Other necessary inspection work methods.
"Look back" inspections, special inspections, ecological environment warning films, etc., adopt corresponding work methods as needed.
Article 20 During the routine inspection period, typical cases will be formed for prominent ecological and environmental problems discovered during the inspection and will be publicly released after being reported and approved according to procedures.
Article 21 After the inspection entry is over, the inspection team shall form an inspection report, truthfully report the important situations and problems discovered during the inspection, and put forward opinions and suggestions; special reports may be formed on prominent problems existing in the handling of relevant important instructions, major situations discovered during the inspection, and comprehensive situations of river basin inspections. The inspection team shall prepare a problem log for the problems reflected in the inspection report, special report, etc.
The inspection team shall establish an independent review team to conduct an independent review of the inspection report.
The inspection report shall exchange opinions with the inspected entity in an appropriate manner and be reported for approval according to procedures. The Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Report shall be reported to the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) for approval after being studied and discussed by the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work Leading Group Office and reported to the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work Leading Group meeting.
Article 22 After the inspection report is approved, the inspection team shall promptly provide feedback to the inspected entity, point out the problems discovered during the inspection, and put forward opinions on inspection rectification.
"Look back" inspections, special inspections, and ecological environment warning films shall report relevant situations and problems to the inspected entity after being reported for approval according to procedures.
Article 23 In the inspection work, opinions from relevant departments shall be solicited as needed on matters involving policies, regulations, and their application. Relevant departments shall put forward clear and clear opinions in accordance with laws and regulations, in a timely and objective manner.
Article 24 The inspected entity shall do a good job in investigating and handling ecological and environmental problems reported by the people through letters and visits during the inspection entry period and other problems assigned by the inspection team, and establish and improve a long-term mechanism for problem rectification and supervision and guarantee to ensure that the relevant problems are investigated and dealt with in place and resolved in place.
Article 25 The specific work arrangements for the inspection, the situation of rectification while inspecting, typical cases of relevant prominent problems, the main contents of the inspection report, the main contents of the inspection rectification plan, the main contents of the inspection rectification situation, and the relevant situation of inspection accountability shall be disclosed to the public in accordance with relevant requirements to respond to social concerns and accept public supervision.
Chapter V Inspection Rectification
Article 26 The inspected entity is the responsible entity for inspection rectification, and the main responsible comrade is the first person responsible for inspection rectification.
Article 27 After receiving the inspection feedback opinions, the inspected entity shall organize the preparation of an inspection rectification plan, and clarify the rectification implementation entity, rectification objectives, rectification time limit, key measures, and acceptance unit for each inspection feedback problem.
The inspection rectification plan shall be reported to the Party Central Committee (党中央), the State Council (国务院), or the Party committee and government of the province, autonomous region, or directly administered municipality for approval within the prescribed time limit before implementation.
Article 28 The inspected entity shall do a good job in implementing the rectification work in accordance with the requirements of the inspection rectification plan. For rectification tasks that can be rectified immediately, the construction period shall be reversed and accelerated; for long-term rectification tasks, they shall be promoted in an orderly manner according to the stage objectives and time nodes; for rectification tasks of historical legacy problems, ecological environment risks and social risks shall be effectively prevented and controlled, and they shall be promoted steadily.
The inspected entity shall conduct acceptance and cancellation of the completed inspection rectification tasks.
Article 29 The objects of inspection shall, as required, submit reports on the progress of rectification to the Party Central Committee, the State Council, or the Party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. After all rectification tasks have been completed, they shall report the overall rectification situation to the Party Central Committee, the State Council, or the Party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Information on the rectification of central ecological and environmental protection inspections shall be copied to the Leading Group for Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组).
Article 30 A ledger shall be established for the rectification work, and list-based management shall be implemented. The office of the Leading Group for Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组办公室) and the relevant work institutions for ecological and environmental protection inspection in provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall regularly schedule the progress of rectification work at their respective levels, and organize daily follow-up and strengthen spot checks.
For those who fail to rectify effectively, measures such as notification, supervision, interviews, and special inspections shall be taken as appropriate. For those with outstanding rectification results, positive cases shall be formed in a timely manner and publicized to give play to the role of encouraging the advanced, exchanging work, and leading and driving.
Chapter VI Application of Inspection Results
Article 31 Establish a mechanism for transferring clues to accountability for ecological and environmental damage under the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection. For important ecological and environmental problems and dereliction of duty discovered during the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection and rectification, the inspection team shall form a list of clues and case files related to accountability for ecological and environmental damage and transfer them to the inspected objects. At the same time, in accordance with relevant authority, procedures, and requirements, they shall be transferred to the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关), the Organization Department of the Central Committee (中央组织部), and the Party Committee of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (国务院国资委党委).
Accountability shall be organized seriously, accurately, and effectively in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law. The work plan for accountability for ecological and environmental damage transferred by the inspection shall be included as a separate part of the inspection and rectification plan, and the accountability situation shall be reported together with the inspection and rectification situation.
The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关) and the Organization Department of the Central Committee (中央组织部) shall supervise and guide the discipline inspection and supervision organs and organization (personnel) departments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government to carry out accountability work, supervise the handling of key accountability issues, and prevent ineffective or generalized and simplified accountability. Those who abuse accountability or are seriously irresponsible in accountability work, causing adverse effects, shall be held accountable.
Article 32 The Organization Department of the Central Committee (中央组织部) shall, in accordance with the limits of cadre management authority, use the inspection results and relevant information on inspection and rectification work as important bases for assessing and evaluating, selecting and appointing, managing and supervising, and commending and rewarding Party and government leading bodies and relevant leading cadres, and strengthen the application of inspection results in cadre management work.
Article 33 If ecological and environmental damage compensation work needs to be carried out based on the findings of the inspection, it shall be transferred to the governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government for claims and recovery in accordance with relevant regulations; if public interest litigation needs to be filed, it shall be transferred to the procuratorial organs and other authorized organs for handling in accordance with the law.
If violations of discipline, law, or crimes are suspected based on the findings of the inspection, they shall be transferred to the discipline inspection and supervision organs or judicial organs for handling in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law.
Article 34 Provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall strengthen the application of inspection results in light of actual conditions and hold accountable in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law for important ecological and environmental problems and dereliction of duty discovered during inspection and rectification.
Chapter VII Team Building and Disciplinary Responsibilities
Article 35 The Leading Group for Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组) and the leading mechanisms for ecological and environmental protection inspection in provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall strengthen the overall planning for the construction of the inspection cadre team, establish and improve relevant systems and mechanisms in combination with the characteristics of inspection work, strengthen inspection support and capacity building, strengthen the application of new technologies, build a high-quality and professional cadre team adapted to the inspection tasks, strengthen standardized management, and increase education and training and job rotation.
Article 36 The members of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team (中央生态环境保护督察组) shall be mainly composed of personnel from regional inspection agencies affiliated to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部), and personnel from relevant departments of central and state organs, relevant institutions for ecological and environmental supervision and management of river basins, and relevant experts shall participate in the inspection as needed. An inspection talent pool and an expert pool shall be established.
Members of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team (中央生态环境保护督察组) shall meet the following conditions:
(1) Have firm ideals and beliefs, be loyal to the Party, and maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core in thought, politics, and action;
(2) Adhere to principles, dare to take responsibility, handle affairs in accordance with regulations and laws, be fair and upright, and be honest and clean;
(3) Model compliance with Party discipline and national laws, and strictly abide by Party and state secrets;
(4) Be familiar with relevant Party regulations, laws and regulations, and policy systems, have professional knowledge to perform inspection duties, and have strong abilities in identifying problems, communicating and coordinating, and writing comprehensive reports;
(5) Have the physical condition and psychological quality to perform their duties normally.
When transferring personnel to participate in inspection work, the political integrity, moral character, ability, work style, and integrity of the personnel shall be strictly controlled in accordance with the above conditions.
Personnel who are not suitable for inspection work shall be adjusted in a timely manner.
Article 37 Ecological and environmental protection inspection shall strictly enforce political discipline and political rules, strictly implement the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation rules and the "Several Provisions on Rectifying Formalism to Reduce the Burden on the Grassroots," resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism, and extravagance, and strictly implement various integrity regulations.
During the inspection period, the systems and regulations such as democratic centralism, reporting of major matters for instructions, recusal, and confidentiality shall be strictly implemented. The inspection team shall not interfere with the normal work of the inspected objects, shall not handle the specific problems of the inspected objects, and shall not make requests to the inspected objects that are unrelated to the inspection work.
Article 38 During the inspection period, the inspection team shall establish a temporary Party branch in accordance with relevant regulations, implement the requirements of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, implement the "one post, two responsibilities" (一岗双责), consciously accept supervision from all parties, and carry out inspection work in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law.
Any unit or individual has the right to report or accuse the inspection team and its members of violating regulations, discipline, or laws.
Article 39 Relevant departments and units that fail to assist or support ecological and environmental protection inspection in accordance with regulations, causing serious consequences, shall be held accountable in accordance with relevant regulations.
Article 40 If a member of the inspection team has any of the following circumstances, depending on the severity of the circumstances, he/she shall be given criticism and education, ordered to make a check, admonished, given organizational handling, or Party or government disciplinary action in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the law:
(1) Failing to carry out inspection in accordance with work requirements, resulting in the failure to discover important ecological and environmental problems that should have been discovered;
(2) Failing to truthfully report the inspection situation, concealing, distorting, or fabricating facts;
(3) Disclosing undisclosed information such as state secrets, work secrets, and trade secrets related to inspection work;
(4) Exceeding authority or failing to carry out inspection work in accordance with prescribed procedures, causing adverse consequences;
(5) Using the convenience of inspection work to seek personal gain or seek improper benefits for others;
(6) Other behaviors that violate inspection work discipline.
Article 41 The inspected objects shall consciously accept ecological and environmental protection inspection and actively cooperate with inspection work. If an inspected object has any of the following circumstances, depending on the severity of the circumstances, the Party and government leading body, relevant departments (units), the main responsible person of the enterprise, or other relevant responsible persons shall be given criticism and education, ordered to make a check, admonished, given organizational handling, or Party or government disciplinary action in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the law:
(1) Intentionally providing false information, concealing, distorting, or fabricating facts;
(2) Refusing or intentionally failing to provide relevant documents and materials to the inspection team as required;
(3) Instructing or forcing relevant units or personnel to interfere with or obstruct inspection work;
(4) Refusing to cooperate with on-site inspection or investigation and evidence collection;
(5) Failing to organize and lead the rectification effectively, failing to implement the rectification requirements in place, perfunctorily responding, or falsely rectifying;
(6) Threatening, attacking, retaliating against, or framing cadres and the masses who report the situation;
(7) Taking a **一刀切** (yī dāo qiē - "one knife cut," applying a single policy across the board without considering specific circumstances) approach such as centralized suspension of work and production to deal with inspection;
(8) Other circumstances that interfere with inspection work.
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 42 Local Party committees and governments at the prefecture and city level and below shall strengthen supervision of the ecological and environmental protection work of lower-level Party committees and governments and their relevant departments in accordance with regulations and laws.
Article 43 The office of the Leading Group for Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组办公室) shall be responsible for interpreting these regulations.
Article 44 These regulations shall come into force on the date of promulgation. The "Regulations on Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work" issued by the General Office of the Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council on June 6, 2019 shall be repealed at the same time.
(Related reports are on page 10)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者
Since thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation through study and education, all regions, departments, and units have focused on the theme, emphasized practical results, continuously enriched learning formats, broadened investigation channels, implemented open-door education, and promoted Party members and cadres to unite their efforts and start businesses with excellent work styles, demonstrating new achievements in promoting high-quality development.
Adhering to Correctness and Innovation, Deep Study and Thorough Understanding
All regions, departments, and units adhere to correctness and innovation, making good use of various carriers such as reading classes, "three meetings and one lesson," theoretical lectures, and website columns to learn comprehensively, focus on key points, and study in depth, promoting learning and education to enter the mind and heart.
The leading groups of Party committees (Party groups) at all levels of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) take the lead in holding reading classes and central group studies; for different groups, they organize joint learning and discussion among secretaries of Party organizations of organs, lectures by young advanced models, and other activities; they open special websites for learning and education to display work progress, release learning resources, and explore and publicize the excellent work style and academic style stories of the older generation of scientists, strengthening positive guidance.
Xiamen (厦门), Fujian Province (福建省), has created distinctive learning carriers, opening special columns for learning and education on online platforms such as "Xiamen Party Building e Home" ("厦门党建e家"), regularly updating the "Egret Island Correcting Style" ("鹭岛正风") micro-class and the "Discipline and Law Explained Thoroughly" ("纪法说透透") micro-video; it has designated the Xiamen Party Style and Clean Governance Education Hall (厦门市党风廉政教育馆), the Xiamen Party Style and Political Style Supervision Station (厦门市党风政风监督台), and the "Learning Road" theme classroom of the Xiamen Municipal Party School (厦门市委党校) as municipal-level on-site teaching sites for learning and education, enhancing the effectiveness of learning and education.
Yancheng (盐城), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), focuses on hierarchical classification, formulating relevant measures for learning and education for newly promoted cadres, young cadres, and cadres in key positions. Among them, Jianhu County (建湖县) organizes members of the lecturer group to deeply explore red cultural resources, develop targeted courses, and comprehensively use "lecture-style," "case-style," and "interactive-style" methods to carry out "delivering education to the door" activities. Sheyang County (射阳县), combined with the annual cadre education and training plan, focuses on economic lines and cadres in key positions in state-owned enterprises, and launched special training such as "learning business, improving quality and energy, and promoting development."
Midu County (弥渡县) in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture (大理白族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省), uses typical cases of disciplinary violations and illegal acts by leading cadres that have been investigated and dealt with as themes, combined with folk culture to create immersive warning education flower lantern operas, and shoots and produces learning and education videos such as micro-videos, cartoons, and warning education films, using forms that cadres and the masses like to see and hear to spread clean governance culture, educating and guiding Party members and cadres to have awe in their hearts and be alert and know where to stop.
Taking Multiple Measures, Immediate Investigation and Immediate Correction
All regions, departments, and units make full use of disciplinary inspection and supervision, inspection and patrol, audit supervision, supervision and inspection, investigation and research, and other channels to comprehensively and deeply find problems, achieving immediate investigation and immediate correction, and immediate knowledge and immediate correction.
Tsinghua University (清华大学) has formulated a list of problems for comparison and investigation for leading groups and leading cadres of each unit, each Party branch, and ordinary Party members, and produced a collection of typical cases for Party organizations and Party members and cadres at all levels to compare and investigate problems and promote rectification and implementation; it has deployed special actions such as reducing burdens for the grassroots, practicing thrift and opposing waste, solving "minor and difficult problems" around teachers and students, and compliant use of scientific research funds, to promote the deepening and solid implementation of learning and education.
The Bank of Communications (交通银行) insists on promoting investigation and rectification simultaneously, organizing leading groups and leading cadres at all levels to take the lead in conducting research to find problems and dig out the root causes, and formulating rectification measures; it pays attention to grasping the key points of work at different levels, integrating learning and education with doing its main responsibilities and promoting central work, coordinating with promoting central inspection and rectification and special governance, and connecting with deepening work style construction and rectifying formalism to reduce burdens for the grassroots, resolutely preventing "two skins."
Wuzhong City (吴忠市) in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (宁夏回族自治区) organized members of the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee to investigate the situation in the departments in charge and grassroots contact points, invited labor models and mass representatives to hold symposiums to listen to opinions, issued letters to the Party committees of counties (cities, districts) and the Party (Working) Committees of industrial (agricultural) parks to solicit suggestions in a targeted manner, and organized departments such as the Discipline Inspection Commission, Supervision Commission, Inspection Office, Audit, and Letters and Visits to discuss problems, striving to find the problems accurately and realistically.
Wangcheng District (望城区) in Changsha City (长沙市), Hunan Province (湖南省), connects with the situation and tasks of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, connects with the specific practice of grasping work style construction locally, organizes young cadres to conduct a major investigation of clean governance risks, refines and sorts out a list of 15 specific manifestations for comparison and inspection, and investigates problems through methods such as "groups finding, masses raising, superiors pointing out, mutual help, and collective discussion," investigates 15 risk points in key positions and young cadre positions, and immediately knows and immediately corrects, and immediately investigates and immediately corrects.
Rooted in the Masses, Open-Door Education
All regions, departments, and units pay attention to mass participation, accept mass supervision, and test the effectiveness of learning and education in the process of solving the urgent, difficult, and worrying problems of the masses.
Chongqing University (重庆大学) organized six types of groups, including members of the school's Discipline Inspection Commission, representatives of机关职工 (jī guān zhí gōng - "organ staff," staff of the university's administrative offices), representatives of non-Party members, representatives of students, representatives of teachers, and representatives of retired veteran comrades, to hold symposiums; it announced four online and offline channels on the official website, including email, hotline, leadership mailbox, and physical opinion box, to widely solicit opinions and suggestions from teachers and students on the learning and education activities carried out by various units and Party member leading cadres of the school.
The China Development Bank (国家开发银行) orderly carries out various tasks of learning and education, and in combination with business work, takes carrying out the special action of "efficiently handling one matter" as an important measure to deepen the effectiveness of learning and education, highlighting the clear guidance of "reality" and promoting the entire bank's learning and education to move and heat up.
The Agricultural Bank of China (中国农业银行) adheres to open-door education, proposing four specific arrangements: paying attention to the participation of customers and grassroots employees, accepting the supervision of customers and grassroots employees, responding to the concerns of customers and grassroots employees, and guiding Party members and cadres to play a role. Through measures such as promoting "supervision codes" in business outlets and establishing work style supervisors, it embodies the results of learning and education in improving the quality and efficiency of financial services for the people.
Dongying City (东营市), Shandong Province (山东省), combines learning and education with the implementation of "going down to the grassroots in four aspects" (四下基层), improves the normalized mechanism for contacting and serving the masses, organizes Party members and cadres to go deep into the villages, buildings, and enterprises they are responsible for to conduct visits and research, and listen to opinions and suggestions; it improves the problem immediate knowledge and immediate handling and transfer and supervision mechanisms, classifies and establishes problem ledgers, clarifies responsible units, and solves the urgent, difficult, and worrying problems of the masses and the outstanding problems strongly reflected by the grassroots.
Shangli County (上栗县) in Pingxiang City (萍乡市), Jiangxi Province (江西省), continues to deepen the "business process experience" activity, in which more than 150 leading cadres from county-level organs immerse themselves in the government affairs process in the "dual roles" of the masses and window staff, discover problems from it, and streamline and optimize the business process in a targeted manner, so that the masses can personally feel the new changes in work style.
Baisha Li Autonomous County (白沙黎族自治县) in Hainan Province (海南省), relying on the grassroots governance brands such as courtyard discussions and "old dad tea" heart-to-heart meetings created by various townships, promotes Party members and cadres to sink to the grassroots, chat with the masses, talk about problems, and explain policies, and through the "acceptance, distribution, supervision, and feedback" problem rectification mechanism, focuses on solving the urgent, difficult, and worrying problems of the masses, and effectively transforms the results of learning and education into the motivation to take responsibility and start a business.
(Reporters He Zhaoyu (何昭宇), Wu Yue (吴月), Yan Yiqiao (闫伊乔), Zhu Jun (朱隽), Wu Yuehui (吴月辉), Ge Mengchao (葛孟超), Yang Yanfei (杨颜菲), Zhang Chi (张驰), Jiao Siyu (焦思雨), and Dong Zeyang (董泽扬) of this newspaper)
Return to TopLi Xi (李希), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, met with Cuban Foreign Minister Rodriguez (罗德里格斯) in Beijing (北京) on May 12, who was in China to attend the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum.
Li Xi (李希) stated that under the strategic guidance of President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Díaz-Canel (迪亚斯—卡内尔), the building of the China-Cuba community with a shared future continues to yield new achievements. This year marks the 65th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Cuba. China will, as always, firmly support Cuba in following a socialist path of development that suits its own national conditions. China is willing to deepen political mutual trust, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning, and strengthen strategic coordination with Cuba, so as to continuously promote the special friendly relations between the two parties and two countries to achieve new development. Li Xi (李希) also introduced the Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the Chinese Communist Party's (中国共产党) in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation.
Rodriguez (罗德里格斯) expressed his gratitude to China for its great support for Cuba's economic and social development. Cuba firmly adheres to the one-China principle and is willing to further deepen the friendly relations between the two countries and promote the development of Latin America-China relations.
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Vibrant and trendy, with constantly renewed scenery—Zhejiang (浙江) is working hard to narrow the "three major gaps" of urban-rural disparity, regional disparity, and income disparity, accelerating the integrated development of urban and rural areas. The income ratio between urban and rural residents has narrowed from 2.37 in 2012 to 1.83 in 2024.
Fertile fields and beautiful countryside—Henan (河南) is steadily advancing the construction of livable, business-friendly, and beautiful villages. In 2024, nearly 15,000 rural construction projects were added to the project pool, with a total investment of nearly 100 billion yuan.
Intensive cultivation and vigorous vitality—Hunan (湖南) resolutely shoulders the important responsibility of national food security, producing 4.4% of the country's grain with 2.8% of the country's arable land, ranking among the top in the country in terms of rice area and yield.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "To advance Chinese-style modernization, we must comprehensively promote rural revitalization." "Accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, promote a more solid agricultural foundation, more prosperous rural areas, and a better life for farmers, and steadily move towards the goal of building a strong agricultural country."
To realize national rejuvenation, rural areas must be revitalized. All regions and departments thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions, anchor the goal of building a strong agricultural country, learn from and apply the experience of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" project, and effectively promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. Recently, reporters from this newspaper conducted in-depth interviews and investigations in Zhejiang (浙江), Henan (河南), Hunan (湖南), and other places, personally experiencing the vivid practice of promoting the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas and accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas on the front line.
Firmly Holding the Chinese Rice Bowl and Striding Towards a Strong Agricultural Country
In 2024, China's total grain output reached a new level of 1.4 trillion catties for the first time. With abundant harvests, the construction of a strong agricultural country is making steady progress. Henan (河南) continues to promote the construction of high-standard farmland, with a cumulative construction of more than 88 million mu of high-standard farmland. Hunan (湖南) has unremittingly consolidated the agricultural foundation. Last year, the province's water conservancy construction investment reached 60 billion yuan, and nearly 16.19 million square meters of new centralized seedling raising facilities were built in the past two years. Aiming at key production factors, the supply guarantee capacity of grain and other important agricultural products has been continuously enhanced.
Storing grain in the land and storing grain in technology are key measures to ensure national food security.
"Seeds are the 'chips' of agriculture. The new wheat varieties we have cultivated incorporate the excellent drought resistance, cold resistance, and high-yield genes of Leymus chinensis, and have been promoted and planted throughout the province." At the experimental base of the Central Plains Agricultural Valley (中原农谷) in Xinxiang City (新乡市), Henan (河南), Li Lihui (李立会), a researcher at the Institute of Crop Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (中国农业科学院作物科学研究所), picked up the "Puh Bing 03 (普冰03)" wheat seeds and introduced them. Henan (河南) has thoroughly implemented the seed industry revitalization action. In 2024, a total of 11 varieties in Henan (河南) were included in the leading variety catalog of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部), and the coverage rate of improved crop varieties in the province exceeded 97%.
The Agricultural Equipment Research Institute of the Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (湖南省农业科学院农业装备研究所) is accelerating the research and development of high-end, intelligent, and green agricultural machinery and equipment, and has launched products such as regenerative rice low-loss and high-efficiency harvesters and intelligent self-ordering transplanters; Penggong Digital Farm (彭公数字农场) in Pingyao Town (瓶窑镇), Yuhang District (余杭区), Hangzhou City (杭州市), Zhejiang (浙江), deploys Internet of Things equipment and artificial intelligence technology, and data has become a "new agricultural material," cultivating "smart fields." The technological style in the farmland enhances the green development momentum of agriculture and demonstrates the vigorous pulse of new quality agricultural productivity.
Building a diversified food supply system requires the development of food resources in an all-round and multi-channel manner.
In Jiangjing Village (江景村), Miluo City (汨罗市), Hunan (湖南), early rice seedlings and red peppers grow together in the seedling raising shed of Guangyou Rice Planting Professional Cooperative (广友水稻种植专业合作社). "Through the 'rice seedling raising + N' model, without affecting rice seedling raising, peppers can be harvested twice a year, and the output value per mu is expected to reach more than 20,000 yuan," said Zeng Yuehua (曾岳华), head of the cooperative. Hunan (湖南) is accelerating the development of facility agriculture, promoting the transformation and upgrading of modern facility planting industry, and cultivating new growth points for agriculture.
In Zhejiang (浙江), modern marine fisheries are accelerating, and the output value of the entire industrial chain of distant-water fisheries exceeded 50 billion yuan last year, and the "blue granary" is constantly焕发新活力 (huàn fā xīn huó lì - "radiating new vitality," to regain vitality; to be rejuvenated). In Henan (河南), the development momentum of the under-forest economy is surging, and characteristic industries such as walnuts and camellia are developing rapidly, and the foundation of the "green granary" is more solid. Not only ensuring enough to eat but also ensuring good eating, the grand food concept makes the "taste buds" happier.
"Hunan (湖南) is a large agricultural province, shouldering the important responsibility of food security." A relevant person in charge of the Hunan Provincial Party Committee (湖南省委) said, "This year, Hunan (湖南) will accelerate the promotion of grain production capacity improvement and create a higher-level 'Dongting Granary (洞庭粮仓)' by implementing agricultural facilities, production mechanization, and service socialization."
Learning from and Applying the Experience of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project, the Vast Countryside is More Beautiful, Livable, and Business-Friendly
Building livable, business-friendly, and beautiful villages is the due meaning of a strong agricultural country. The popularization rate of rural sanitary toilets is about 76%, the proportion of administrative villages with rural domestic waste collection and transportation and treatment is steadily maintained at more than 90%, and the level of basic public services such as education, medical care, and elderly care is constantly improving... In the land of China, a new rural picture of beautiful villages, harmonious people, and common prosperity is slowly unfolding.
Moving towards green, the beautiful countryside is thriving and drawing a new picture.
Surrounded by weeping willows and scattered houses, several stone bridges span the small river, and the 5,000-mu flower and seedling base around the village is picturesque... "The village is becoming more and more beautiful, and life is more comfortable." Hu Fenglin (胡丰林), a villager in Huqiao Village (胡桥村), Lin颍 County (临颍县), Henan (河南), walks in the warm sun.
Baojing County (保靖县), Hunan (湖南) continues to polish the "village chef and village art" brand, attracting villagers to participate in cultural and sports activities, and the rural civilization continues to improve. Jiuguan Street (旧馆街道), Nanxun District (南浔区), Huzhou City (湖州市), Zhejiang (浙江) actively explores the "straw-lake sheep-fertilizer" cycle system, and continues to strengthen the governance of the rural ecological environment. Small villages reflect big changes, the vast countryside is more beautiful, and the villagers' lives are happier.
Deeply cultivating fertile soil and composing a "concerto" for rural talent revitalization.
"This batch of tea is growing well, and the tea made from it tastes more fragrant." On Fuyu Mountain (覆卮山), Shangyu District (上虞区), Shaoxing City (绍兴市), Zhejiang (浙江), Zhou Wei (周炜), a "new farmer," held the tender buds picked from the tea garden and carefully checked them. In recent years, Zhou Wei (周炜) has signed purchase agreements with local tea farmers, driving more than 40 farmers to increase their income by more than 800,000 yuan.
Comprehensive rural revitalization, talent is the key. Chen Yangyang (陈阳阳), a villager in Caoxi Village (曹西村), Xiayi County (夏邑县), Henan (河南), returned to his hometown in 2018 to start a family farm, built 4 dragon fruit greenhouses, and led villagers to increase their income and become rich. In Taojiang County (桃江县), Hunan (湖南), Gao Gui (高贵), a "new farmer," provides convenient and efficient agricultural socialization services for villagers. This year, the area of seedling raising is about 20,000 mu, serving more than 1,000 farmers in the surrounding area. Talent and rural development resonate at the same frequency, constantly activating new momentum for comprehensive rural revitalization.
"We must focus on key areas and comprehensively improve the effectiveness of Party building in leading grassroots governance. We must focus on improving the effectiveness of rural governance, deeply study and apply the experience of the 'Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation' project, improve the rural governance system combining autonomy, rule of law, and rule of virtue under the leadership of Party organizations, develop and strengthen the rural collective economy, and accelerate the construction of safe and law-based villages." A relevant person in charge of the Henan Provincial Party Committee (河南省委) said.
Adhering to the Integrated Development of Urban and Rural Areas and Solidly Promoting Common Prosperity
The integrated development of urban and rural areas is an inevitable requirement of Chinese-style modernization and a powerful driving force for promoting economic development and stimulating economic vitality. The equal exchange and two-way flow of urban and rural elements promote urban and rural residents to share the fruits of reform and create a better life together.
Deep integration, the two-way rush between cities and villages bursts out with new vitality.
"With tap water entering the village, life is much more convenient. In the past, we used to draw water from wells, and in the dry season, we had to carry water from five miles away." Ji Pingheng (吉平衡), a villager in Pingshang Village (坪上村), Liuyang City (浏阳市), Hunan (湖南), opened the faucet, and clear tap water flowed out.
Cities and villages form a strong synergy in connection and integration. Zhejiang (浙江) has carried out integrated pilot projects of basic public services in Zhoushan (舟山), Chun'an (淳安), Longyou (龙游), and Jingning (景宁), supporting young people to develop in rural areas; implementing a new round of rural road improvement actions, and promoting the integrated reform of strengthening villages and enriching people. Henan (河南) coordinates the urban and rural planning layout of counties, promotes the regionalization and group development of rural construction in categories, promotes the extension of infrastructure to rural areas, and improves the level of rural public services.
Grasp the characteristics, and the rich people's industry draws a beautiful picture of the countryside.
In 2017, Luan Chuan County (栾川县), Henan (河南) integrated the county's agricultural products and created the "Luan Chuan Impression (栾川印象)" agricultural product regional brand, with an annual output value of 200 million yuan last year, driving more than 20,000 households to increase their income. "Unified standards, unified packaging, and unified pricing sales, high-quality Luan Chuan (栾川) agricultural products are becoming more and more popular and have become a new business card for development," said Li Shuangsong (李双松), chairman of Luoyang Chuanyu Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. (洛阳市川宇农业开发有限公司), who is responsible for the operation.
Industrial prosperity drives the prosperity of all industries. Taojiang County (桃江县), Hunan (湖南) deeply explores the "potential" of bamboo, studies new materials, and develops bamboo cultural tourism. It already has 251 bamboo enterprises, and the annual comprehensive output value of the bamboo industry has reached 17.306 billion yuan. The comprehensive output value of the integrated development of bamboo tourism, culture, sports, and health industries has reached 30 billion yuan. Changshan County (常山县), Zhejiang (浙江) fully explores the value of Huyou grapefruit, extends the industrial chain, and has developed 96 deep-processed products such as Huyou grapefruit paste and double grapefruit juice essential oil masks, with a processing output value of 4.553 billion yuan. Rural characteristic industries are developing rapidly, and farmers have a "golden key" to get rich.
"Zhejiang (浙江) adheres to the 'Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation' project to lead the integrated development of urban and rural areas, narrow the 'three major gaps' and promote the pilot demonstration of common prosperity." A relevant person in charge of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee (浙江省委) said that Zhejiang (浙江) will deeply promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas through spatial optimization, industrial linkage, and functional complementarity.
(Reporters Yu Jianbin (余建斌), Li Kai (李凯), Ye Xiaonan (叶晓楠), Deng Jianyang (邓剑洋), Fang Min (方敏), Liu Junguo (刘军国), Sun Chao (孙超), Shen Zhilin (申智林), Zhang Wenhao (张文豪), Bi Jingjin (毕京津), Ye Zi (叶子), Yang Yang (杨阳) from this newspaper)
Return to TopPeople's Daily Beijing, May 12th (Reporter Ouyang Jie (欧阳洁)) - The National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration (国家粮食和物资储备局) released data on May 12th: As of the end of April 2025, the peak season for autumn grain procurement in 2024 concluded successfully, with a cumulative procurement of 345 million tons of autumn grain, a relatively high level in recent years.
After the autumn grain entered the market, relevant state departments coordinated market-oriented procurement and policy-based storage, strengthened market monitoring and analysis, enhanced expectation guidance, and took multiple measures to smooth farmers' grain sales channels. The autumn grain procurement market was active, the progress was rapid, and prices rebounded favorably.
Luo Shouquan (罗守全), Director of the Grain Reserves Department of the National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration (国家粮食和物资储备局粮食储备司司长), stated that relevant state departments promptly studied and introduced a series of policies and measures to increase procurement and storage efforts, boost market confidence, and promote the stabilization and rebound of grain prices. The progress of autumn grain procurement was faster than last year. By variety, 60 million tons of medium-late indica rice, 45 million tons of japonica rice, 227 million tons of corn, and 13 million tons of soybeans were procured.
It is reported that China's autumn grain procurement mainly includes medium-late rice, corn, and soybeans. The peak procurement season starts from mid-to-late September of the current year and ends at the end of April of the following year. Autumn grain procurement accounts for about 3/4 of the annual grain procurement volume, with many varieties, a wide range, and a large quantity, making it the top priority of the annual grain procurement work.
Currently, the summer grain production situation is generally good, and wheat and rapeseed are about to be harvested and marketed successively from south to north. Various preparatory works for summer grain procurement are being carried out in an orderly manner.
Return to TopYantai City (烟台市), Shandong Province (山东省) is accelerating the development of high-end marine manufacturing, building a complete industrial chain from upstream research and development design to midstream key equipment manufacturing and assembly, and then to downstream operation and maintenance support.
The picture shows on May 11, in the Yantai (烟台) waters, a domestically produced ultra-large floating production platform is being moved with the assistance of tugboats.
Photo by Tang Ke (唐克) (Image China)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 马跃峰 程 焕
In early summer, as the spring tea harvests in various parts of Guizhou (贵州) gradually come to an end, the tea gardens in Luoxiang Village (骆象村), Nuxi Town (怒溪镇), Jiangkou County (江口县), Tongren City (铜仁市) are a hive of activity, with tea farmers busy harvesting the lush green fresh leaves.
"Aren't you afraid you won't be able to sell it if you only start picking after the season?"
Yang Maohua (杨茂华), a large tea grower, remained calm and composed: "No rush. Let the tea leaves grow 7 centimeters more under the shade nets, harvest them mechanically, remove the stems and veins, grind them at low temperature, and they become the raw tea, Tencha, for making matcha."
Last year, his Tencha production line produced 11 tons of tea, with a net profit of more than 500,000 yuan. This year, Yang Maohua invested another 1.98 million yuan to install a second production line.
Choosing to make Tencha not only avoids the highly competitive spring tea market, but also solves the problem of difficulty in finding workers and high labor costs during the tea picking season. However, what Yang Maohua values most is, "I don't have to worry about sales at all. The Tencha is sold directly to Guicha Group (贵茶集团) to enter the deep processing stage."
In March of this year, when Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, inspected Guizhou (贵州), he emphasized: "We must develop modern mountain characteristic and efficient agriculture in accordance with local conditions, and cultivate characteristic leading industries with lasting market competitiveness."
The matcha industry is a characteristic leading industry that Jiangkou County (江口县) is focusing on cultivating. Jiangkou County (江口县) is located at the foot of Mount Fanjing (梵净山), with unique tea-growing conditions and nearly 160,000 mu of tea gardens. The local government is adapting to the new trends of healthy and fashionable consumption, recognizing the huge market potential of new tea drinks, baking, and other industries, and is making every effort to enter the matcha market.
Leading enterprises are leading the way, and the industry is moving towards large-scale production.
Jiangkou County (江口县) introduced Guicha Group (贵茶集团) to build four advanced refined production lines and an industrial park covering an area of 340 mu. The upstream links 10 large-scale enterprises, 100 Tencha processing plants, 1,000 family farms, and nearly 100,000 tea farmers. The downstream is negotiating cooperation with milk tea shops, coffee shops, and dessert shops in many parts of the country, and is also exploring international markets.
"We have built a 'Matcha Super Factory' in Jiangkou (江口)," said Meng Zude (蒙祖德), chairman of Guicha Group (贵茶集团). "In 2024, our matcha production will exceed 1,200 tons, with an output value of 302 million yuan, and our products will be exported to more than 40 countries and regions."
Promote scientific planting to improve quality from the source.
"The county selects scientific and technical personnel to go to the fields to provide all-round guidance on tea varieties, soil quality, pruning, and water and fertilizer management," said Chen Min (陈敏), director of the Jiangkou County (江口县) Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau.
Jiangkou County (江口县) is also promoting the transformation of tea fields in a step-by-step manner, and has cumulatively transformed 30,000 mu of matcha raw material bases, with a future plan to transform 60,000 mu.
Improve the connection of interests and bring prosperity to more villagers.
"Poor people who participate in the transformation will receive a subsidy of 500 yuan per mu of tea garden; family farms with more than 5 mu will receive a reward of 20,000 yuan from the county after passing the inspection," said Que Conghan (阙从汗), secretary of the Party branch of Luoxiang Village (骆象村), listing the preferential policies.
Luoxiang Village (骆象村) has developed 5 Tencha enterprises, and the per capita income of villagers has increased from more than 7,000 yuan in 2018 to 16,500 yuan last year.
Matcha has made a name for itself and has also boosted emerging business formats.
After visiting Mount Fanjing (梵净山), it is comfortable and pleasant to drink a newly prepared matcha, taste a piece of matcha truffle pastry, and take away a box of matcha palmiers.
Deng Yinghong (邓应红), who runs a matcha shop on "Fanhua Street (梵花街)", a cultural and tourism experience street in the county seat, attaches great importance to product innovation and has developed new products such as matcha rice wine and noodles.
"During the peak season, two to three hundred people enter the store every day, with monthly sales of more than 300,000 yuan. The county is developing more immersive agricultural, cultural, and tourism experience projects, and business will get better and better," Deng Yinghong (邓应红) said with anticipation.
"We will further consolidate the foundation, vigorously attract investment, and promote the integrated development of industrial revitalization, county strengthening, and people's prosperity," said Cao Yong (曹勇), deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Tongren Municipal People's Congress and secretary of the Jiangkou County (江口县) Party Committee.
Return to TopTheory
Constructing a New Model of Talent Resources Driving High-Quality Cultural Resources Directly to the Grassroots Level
Ninth Edition
Zhong Sheng (钟声)
An Important Step in Resolving Differences Through Equal Dialogue and Consultation
Second Edition
Economic Focus: Accelerating the Integration of Domestic and Foreign Trade
A New Brand, Built from Scratch
Fifteenth Edition
Return to TopWith the joint agreement of China and Latin America, the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-Community of Latin American and Caribbean States Forum will be held in Beijing (北京) on May 13. President Xi Jinping (习近平) will attend the opening ceremony and deliver an important speech, reviewing the development of China-Latin America relations, elaborating on the rich connotation, practical achievements, and broad prospects of the China-Latin America community of common destiny, and proposing new initiatives and measures for developing China-Latin America relations. Latin American and Caribbean figures interviewed by this newspaper said that President Xi Jinping's attendance at the opening ceremony and his important speech will inject new impetus into the steady and long-term development of China-Latin America relations, send a clear signal to the world of unity and cooperation in jointly addressing global challenges, and contribute wisdom and strength to maintaining world peace and stability.
"Further promote the development of Latin America-China relations in the direction of equality, mutual benefit, innovation, openness, and benefit to the people"
The China-Latin America Forum has gone through a decade since its official launch. Through the joint efforts of both sides, the forum mechanism has become increasingly perfect, and a cooperation and dialogue platform with a wide range of fields and multiple levels has been gradually established. Holding the Fourth Ministerial Meeting on the tenth anniversary of the official operation of the China-Latin America Forum is of great symbolic significance.
Aimara Gerdel, director of the Venezuelan Center for Chinese Studies, said: "President Xi Jinping's attendance at the opening ceremony of the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the Latin America-China Forum and his important speech show China's high attention to this meeting and the development of Latin America-China relations, and will further promote the development of Latin America-China relations in the direction of equality, mutual benefit, innovation, openness, and benefit to the people."
Miguel Kordaño Rodriguez, former Secretary-General of the Pacific Basin Economic Council of Peru, said that the Latin America-China Forum has become one of the most systematic and strategic platforms for promoting South-South cooperation. The forum is committed to promoting the common development of Latin America and China, and has achieved outstanding results in promoting Latin America-China dialogue and pragmatic cooperation.
Ramiro Isidoro Oloqui, former Deputy Secretary of State of the Argentine Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said that the holding of the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the Latin America-China Forum once again demonstrates China's consistent support for Latin American countries. It is believed that China and Latin American and Caribbean countries will further strengthen cooperation in infrastructure, trade, and cultural exchanges, and help the people of both sides work together towards a better future.
The Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-Latin America Forum will adopt a number of outcome documents, involving specific measures for cooperation between the two sides in the fields of scientific and technological innovation, economic and trade investment, artificial intelligence, finance, infrastructure, agriculture and food, industry and information technology, energy and minerals, and jointly building the "Belt and Road," demonstrating China and Latin America's firm determination to seek peace, promote development, and promote cooperation.
"China has become the main trading partner of many Latin American countries, and has now signed free trade agreements with five Latin American countries." Magali Quevedo, President of the Ecuador-China Chamber of Commerce, said that the Ecuador-China Free Trade Agreement has achieved positive results since its official entry into force a year ago, and economic and trade cooperation has become a microcosm of the continuous deepening of Latin America-China relations. "The tenth anniversary of the official operation of the Latin America-China Forum has achieved extraordinary progress, which is mainly due to the cooperation between China and Latin American countries in many fields."
"The Latin America-China Forum has made significant progress in promoting the further development of relations between the two sides in the past decade," said Théo Shuyk, Executive Secretary of the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Institute of Brazil. The continuous growth of Latin America-China trade and China's cooperation with the Latin American region in key areas such as energy, agriculture, and technology have profoundly changed the economic landscape of the Latin American region. Cooperation between the two sides in the field of infrastructure plays an important role in promoting regional connectivity and international competitiveness.
"Provides an important dialogue platform for Latin America and China to strengthen coordination and seek common development"
Ten years ago, the first Ministerial Meeting of the China-Latin America Forum was successfully held in Beijing (北京), officially opening a new stage of parallel and mutually reinforcing bilateral and overall cooperation between China and Latin America. Over the past decade, under the strategic guidance of head-of-state diplomacy and the joint efforts of both sides, the China-Latin America Forum has established mechanisms such as the Ministerial Meeting, the "Four-Driver" Foreign Ministers' Dialogue between China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, and the National Coordinators' Meeting, building the four pillars and eight columns of overall cooperation between China and Latin America.
"I look forward to Latin America and China further expanding cooperation in innovation, addressing climate change, the digital economy, new energy, and inclusive growth." Elmer Miranda, a researcher at the Panama Center for Asian Strategic Studies, said that the Latin America-China Forum has played a key role in promoting Latin America-China institutionalized dialogue and pragmatic cooperation, which helps both sides carry out policy coordination and joint actions, and plays a constructive role in promoting the unity and development of the Latin American and Caribbean region.
Fernando Reyes Mata, Director of the Latin American and Chinese Studies Center at Andrés Bello University in Chile, said that over the past decade, the Latin America-China Forum has always adhered to the principle of joint consultation, joint construction, and sharing, and has put forward a series of forward-looking and operational cooperation initiatives, contributing to the promotion of Latin America-China relations and pragmatic cooperation in various fields.
"The Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the Latin America-China Forum is of great significance to Peru and the Latin American region." Félix Paz, President of the Peruvian newspaper El Peruano, said that the Latin America-China Forum has a profound impact on Peru and the entire Latin American region, and Latin America-China cooperation is achieving tangible results.
Lina Beltrán, Professor of International Relations at the Universidad Externado de Colombia, said: "Against the backdrop of the accelerated evolution of the current century-long changes and the continuous and profound adjustment of the international landscape, the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the Latin America-China Forum has injected new vitality into South-South cooperation, and also provided an important dialogue platform for Latin America and China to strengthen coordination and seek common development, which is in line with the common expectations and fundamental interests of the people of both sides."
"Latin America-China cooperation will make greater contributions to building a more just and reasonable international order"
President Xi Jinping (习近平) has visited Latin America and the Caribbean six times, interacting intensively with leaders of regional countries in bilateral and multilateral occasions, personally drawing a blueprint for the development of China-Latin America relations, leading China-Latin America relations into a new stage of equality, mutual benefit, innovation, openness, and benefit to the people, and endowing the China-Latin America community of common destiny with profound connotations.
"The Latin America-China Forum is an important platform for practicing true multilateralism, which is reflected in the forum's consideration of the diverse characteristics of Latin American countries and its ability to respond to the development demands of different countries." Marco Aurelio Demente, Senior Researcher at the Institute of Applied Economic Research of Brazil, said, "China is a predictable and trustworthy partner, and Latin American countries look forward to continuing to deepen cooperation with China."
Eduardo Regalado, a Chinese expert at the Cuban Center for International Political Studies, said that China supports the integration process of Latin America and the Caribbean, and Latin America-China cooperation is based on equality and mutual benefit, respect for sovereignty, and non-interference in internal affairs. This not only deepens China's bilateral relations with Latin American countries, but also lays the foundation for building inclusive and sustainable regional integration. "By building regional value chains and strengthening infrastructure and digital construction, China is helping Latin America and the Caribbean break through the bottlenecks of economic development and better integrate into the global economy."
Brasil Acosta Peña, former Federal Congressman of Mexico, said that Latin America-China pragmatic cooperation meets the development needs of Latin American countries, and its importance is even more prominent against the backdrop of increasing global economic instability and uncertainty. "The deepening of Latin America-China relations will help enhance the collective resilience of developing countries and promote the development of the global economic order in a more just and balanced direction."
Xia Huasheng, an economist at the Getulio Vargas Foundation of Brazil, said that opposing hegemony and power politics and advocating equality and mutual benefit are the common pursuits of Latin America and China. The Latin America-China Forum plays a key role in helping Latin America and the Caribbean deeply integrate into the global manufacturing chain and improve regional and international trade levels. Chinese companies can assist Latin America in achieving reindustrialization and jointly develop new technologies such as artificial intelligence and renewable energy through joint ventures and other methods.
"Against the backdrop of rising trade protectionism and unilateralism, Latin America-China pragmatic cooperation demonstrates the importance of multilateralism and free trade principles." Shuyk said that by strengthening policy coordination and deepening economic ties, Latin America and China are constantly gathering the strength of the Global South and further conveying a clear message of the era of cooperation and win-win results to the international community, "We look forward to the meeting achieving positive results and firmly believe that Latin America-China cooperation will make greater contributions to building a more just and reasonable international order."
(Reported from Rio de Janeiro (里约热内卢), Mexico City (墨西哥城), Buenos Aires (布宜诺斯艾利斯), May 12 by reporters Chen Yiming (陈一鸣), Song Yiran (宋亦然), Shi Yuanhao (时元皓), Xie Jianing (谢佳宁), and Xu Fang (许放))
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Geneva on May 11th (Reporters Liu Zhonghua (刘仲华) and Han Shuo (韩硕)) From May 10th to 11th local time, the Chinese lead person for China-U.S. economic and trade affairs, Vice Premier of the State Council He Lifeng (何立峰), and the U.S. lead persons, U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen (贝森特) and Trade Representative Katherine Tai (格里尔), held a high-level China-U.S. economic and trade meeting in Geneva, Switzerland. The two sides conducted frank, in-depth, and constructive communication on implementing the important consensus reached during the phone call between the heads of state of China and the United States on January 17, reached a series of important consensus, and the meeting achieved substantial progress.
He Lifeng (何立峰) said that China and the United States have broad common interests and vast space for cooperation, and the essence of economic and trade relations between the two countries is mutual benefit and win-win. As two major countries with different stages of development and economic systems, it is normal for China and the United States to have differences and frictions in economic and trade cooperation. The key is to be guided by the important consensus of the two heads of state, adhere to the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation, and find ways to properly solve problems through equal dialogue and consultation. There are no winners in a trade war. China does not want to fight a trade war, but it is not afraid to fight one either. If the U.S. insists on infringing on China's rights and interests, China will resolutely counterattack and 奉陪到底 (fèng péi dào dǐ - "accompany to the end," to stick with someone or something to the very end, regardless of the consequences). Maintaining the healthy, stable, and sustainable development of China-U.S. economic and trade relations is in the fundamental interests of both countries and their peoples, and is also conducive to global economic growth. The two sides should deeply tap cooperation potential, lengthen the cooperation list, enlarge the cooperation cake, promote the continuous achievement of new developments in China-U.S. economic and trade relations, and inject more certainty and stability into the world economy.
The two sides, China and the United States, agreed to establish an economic and trade consultation mechanism to maintain communication on their respective concerns in the economic and trade fields.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Geneva on May 11th (Reporter Liu Zhonghua (刘仲华), Han Shuo (韩硕)) The high-level Sino-US economic and trade talks were held in Geneva, Switzerland from May 10th to 11th. He Lifeng (何立峰), the Chinese lead person for Sino-US economic and trade affairs and Vice Premier of the State Council, stated at a press conference held by the Chinese delegation on the evening of the 11th local time that the high-level Sino-US economic and trade talks were candid, in-depth, and constructive, reaching important consensus and achieving substantial progress. Both sides agreed to establish a Sino-US economic and trade consultation mechanism. The two sides will finalize the relevant details as soon as possible and will issue a joint statement on the talks reached on May 12th.
He Lifeng (何立峰) said that under the current situation, this meeting has attracted high attention from the international community. Through the joint efforts of China and the United States, the talks were fruitful, taking an important step towards resolving differences through equal dialogue and consultation, laying the foundation and creating conditions for further bridging differences and deepening cooperation.
He Lifeng (何立峰) said that Sino-US economic and trade relations are of great significance to both countries and have an important impact on global economic stability and development. China is willing to work with the United States to actively implement the important consensus reached in the phone call between the two heads of state on January 17 this year, with a pragmatic attitude of solving problems, candid dialogue, equal consultation, managing differences, deeply exploring cooperation potential, lengthening the cooperation list, enlarging the cooperation cake, and promoting new developments in Sino-US economic and trade relations, injecting more certainty and stability into the world economy.
Return to TopThe Government of the People's Republic of China ("China") and the Government of the United States of America ("United States"),
Recognizing the importance of bilateral economic and trade relations to the economies of both countries and the global economy;
Recognizing the importance of sustainable, long-term, and mutually beneficial bilateral economic and trade relations;
In light of recent discussions, believing that continued consultation will help resolve issues of concern to both sides in the economic and trade field;
Continuing to advance relevant work in the spirit of mutual openness, continuous communication, cooperation, and mutual respect;
Both sides commit to taking the following measures by May 14, 2025:
The United States will (1) amend the ad valorem tariffs imposed on Chinese goods (including goods from the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (香港特别行政区) and the Macao Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区)) as stipulated in Executive Order No. 14257 of April 2, 2025, of which the 24% tariff will be suspended for an initial period of 90 days, while retaining the remaining 10% tariff imposed on these goods in accordance with the provisions of the Executive Order; (2) eliminate the additional tariffs imposed on these goods under Executive Order No. 14259 of April 8, 2025, and Executive Order No. 14266 of April 9, 2025.
China will (1) correspondingly amend the ad valorem tariffs imposed on U.S. goods as stipulated in Announcement No. 4 of the Tariff Commission of the State Council (税委会) of 2025, of which the 24% tariff will be suspended for an initial period of 90 days, while retaining the remaining 10% tariff imposed on these goods, and eliminate the additional tariffs imposed on these goods under Announcement No. 5 and No. 6 of the Tariff Commission of the State Council (税委会) of 2025; (2) take necessary measures to suspend or cancel non-tariff countermeasures against the United States since April 2, 2025.
After taking the above measures, the two sides will establish a mechanism to continue consultations on economic and trade relations. The Chinese representative is Vice Premier of the State Council He Lifeng (何立峰), and the U.S. representatives are Secretary of the Treasury Scott Besent and United States Trade Representative Jamison Greer. Consultations may be held in China, the United States, or a third country agreed upon by both sides. As needed, the two sides may conduct working-level consultations on relevant economic and trade issues.
(Xinhua News Agency (新华社), Geneva, May 12)
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing (北京) on May 12th (Reporter Luo Shanshan (罗珊珊)): From May 10th to 11th local time, the Chinese lead person of China-U.S. economic and trade affairs, Vice Premier of the State Council He Lifeng (何立峰), and the U.S. lead person, U.S. Treasury Secretary Bencent and Trade Representative Greer, held high-level China-U.S. economic and trade talks in Geneva (日内瓦), Switzerland (瑞士). The two sides conducted candid, in-depth, and constructive communication on implementing the important consensus of the China-U.S. head-of-state call on January 17th of this year, and reached a series of important consensuses in the economic and trade field. At 9:00 a.m. local time on May 12th, the two sides released the "China-U.S. Geneva (日内瓦) Economic and Trade Talks Joint Statement." A spokesperson for the Ministry of Commerce (商务部) issued a statement on this.
Since April 2025, the U.S. government, on the basis of previously unilaterally imposed tariffs, has imposed so-called "reciprocal tariffs" on China, and China has resolutely and justly retaliated. Subsequently, the U.S. side has repeatedly upgraded tariff measures, increasing the "reciprocal tariff" rate on China from the first round of 34% to 84% and 125%. The high U.S. tariffs seriously damage normal bilateral economic and trade exchanges and seriously disrupt the international economic and trade order. The joint statement reached in this meeting is an important step taken by both sides to resolve differences through equal dialogue and consultation, and lays the foundation and creates conditions for further bridging differences and deepening cooperation.
The two sides reached a number of positive consensuses in the joint statement. Both sides recognize the importance of bilateral economic and trade relations to the economies of both countries and the world, and recognize the importance of sustainable, long-term, and mutually beneficial bilateral economic and trade relations. In the spirit of mutual openness, continuous communication, cooperation, and mutual respect, they will continue to advance relevant work. The two sides agreed to jointly take the following measures:
The U.S. side promised to cancel a total of 91% of the tariffs imposed on Chinese goods under Executive Order No. 14259 of April 8, 2025, and Executive Order No. 14266 of April 9, 2025, and to amend Executive Order No. 14257 of April 2, 2025, which imposed a 34% reciprocal tariff on Chinese goods, of which 24% of the tariff will be suspended for 90 days, and the remaining 10% of the tariff will be retained. Accordingly, the Chinese side will cancel a total of 91% of the retaliatory tariffs imposed on U.S. goods; and in response to the U.S. reciprocal tariff of 34%, it will suspend 24% of the tariff for 90 days, and retain the remaining 10% of the tariff. The Chinese side will also suspend or cancel non-tariff retaliatory measures against the United States accordingly.
The two sides unanimously agreed to establish a China-U.S. economic and trade consultation mechanism to maintain close communication on their respective concerns in the economic and trade field and to conduct further consultations. The Chinese representative is Vice Premier of the State Council He Lifeng (何立峰), and the U.S. representatives are Treasury Secretary Bencent and Trade Representative Greer. The two sides will conduct consultations regularly or irregularly in China (中国), the United States (美国), or in agreed third countries. As needed, the two sides may conduct working-level consultations on relevant economic and trade issues.
This high-level China-U.S. economic and trade talks achieved substantial progress, significantly reducing the level of bilateral tariffs. The U.S. side canceled a total of 91% of the additional tariffs, and the Chinese side correspondingly canceled 91% of the retaliatory tariffs; the U.S. side suspended the implementation of 24% of the "reciprocal tariffs," and the Chinese side also suspended the implementation of 24% of the retaliatory tariffs accordingly. This measure is in line with the expectations of producers and consumers in both countries, and is also in line with the interests of both countries and the common interests of the world. It is hoped that the U.S. side will, on the basis of this meeting, continue to **相向而行** (xiāng xiàng ér xíng - "move towards each other," to meet halfway; to work together towards a common goal) with the Chinese side, completely correct the erroneous practice of unilaterally increasing tariffs, continuously strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation, maintain the healthy, stable, and sustainable development of China-U.S. economic and trade relations, and jointly inject more certainty and stability into the world economy.
Return to TopFrom May 10th to 11th, the China-U.S. high-level economic and trade talks were held in Geneva, Switzerland. Through the joint efforts of both sides, the talks were candid, in-depth, and constructive, reaching important consensus and achieving substantial progress. Both sides agreed to establish a China-U.S. economic and trade consultation mechanism, taking an important step towards resolving differences through equal dialogue and consultation, laying the foundation and creating conditions for further bridging differences and deepening cooperation. International public opinion has highly praised this. This once again proves that maintaining the healthy, stable, and sustainable development of China-U.S. economic and trade relations is in the fundamental interests of both countries and their peoples, and is also conducive to global economic growth.
The stability of China-U.S. economic and trade relations is related to the global economic trend. The joint statement of the China-U.S. Geneva economic and trade talks stated that both governments recognize the importance of bilateral economic and trade relations to the economies of both countries and the world, and recognize the importance of sustainable, long-term, and mutually beneficial bilateral economic and trade relations. The high-level China-U.S. economic and trade talks achieved substantial progress, significantly reducing bilateral tariff levels. The U.S. side canceled a total of 91% of the additional tariffs, and the Chinese side correspondingly canceled 91% of the retaliatory tariffs; the U.S. side suspended the implementation of 24% of the "reciprocal tariffs," and the Chinese side also suspended the implementation of 24% of the retaliatory tariffs. The positive response from the global market shows that this measure meets the expectations of producers and consumers in both countries, and is in the common interests of both countries and the world.
As two major countries with different stages of development and economic systems, it is normal for China and the U.S. to have differences and frictions in economic and trade cooperation. The key is to be guided by the important consensus of the two heads of state, and to find ways to properly solve problems through equal dialogue and consultation based on the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation. After decades of development, the China-U.S. supply chain, industrial chain, and value chain are integrated and deeply intertwined. The essence of China-U.S. economic and trade relations is mutual benefit and win-win. Confrontation and trade wars are not in the interests of either China or the U.S. From restricted U.S. agricultural exports to global supply chain shocks, from increased corporate costs to rising consumer prices, the negative spillover effects of trade wars have affected the stability and confidence of the global market. International figures have repeatedly voiced rational opinions such as "no one can benefit from a trade war, and tariff policies will cause a 'lose-lose' situation" and "protectionism has no way out, and win-win cooperation is what people want." The results of the high-level China-U.S. economic and trade talks show that equal dialogue and consultation is the correct way to resolve differences between the two sides, and meets the need for China and the U.S. to continue to explore the correct way for the two major countries to get along.
The high-level China-U.S. economic and trade talks laid the foundation, clarified the premise, and set the conditions for subsequent negotiations between the two sides. This is a good starting point, but to fundamentally solve the problem, the U.S. side needs to completely correct the wrong practice of unilateral tax increases, continuously strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation, and work with the Chinese side to actively implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state in their phone call on January 17 this year, and continue to advance relevant work in the spirit of mutual openness, continuous communication, cooperation, and mutual respect. China (中国) is firmly committed to promoting high-quality development, expanding high-level opening-up, and continuously optimizing the business environment. The U.S. should meet China halfway, and use China-U.S. cooperation and win-win to accomplish more major events, practical matters, and good deeds that are beneficial to both countries and the world.
The significance of the China-U.S. Geneva economic and trade talks lies not only in the specific results achieved, but also in the fact that China and the U.S. reaffirmed the path of resolving differences through equal dialogue and consultation. The road ahead may not be smooth, but China is willing to work with the U.S. to take this high-level China-U.S. economic and trade talks as a good foundation, continue to maintain the momentum of dialogue with a pragmatic attitude of solving problems, deeply explore cooperation potential, lengthen the cooperation list, enlarge the cooperation cake, promote the healthy and stable development of China-U.S. economic and trade relations, and benefit the people of both countries and the world.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 陈一鸣 邵世均
"Brazil sees China as a political partner, an economic partner, and an important strategic partner in this turbulent world." Brazilian President Lula (卢拉) said in a joint interview with People's Daily and other Chinese media in Brasilia recently that President Xi Jinping's (习近平) successful state visit to Brazil last year was of great significance, consolidating the deep friendship between the two countries and promoting pragmatic cooperation between Brazil and China in various fields. He said: "I very much look forward to this visit to China further deepening Brazil-China cooperation in trade, science and technology, climate change, public health and other fields."
Regarding the fourth Ministerial Conference of the China-CELAC Forum to be held in Beijing (北京), Lula (卢拉) said that this will be an important opportunity for the relationship between Latin America and China to move towards a strategic upgrade. "I am very honored to be invited to attend this conference and look forward to working with China to promote the construction of a China-CELAC community with a shared future to a new level."
"Brazil-China cooperation has continued to deepen, and bilateral trade has increased from more than 5 billion US dollars in 2003 to more than 180 billion US dollars in 2024." Lula (卢拉) believes that there is still great potential for cooperation between the two countries, and bilateral trade will continue to rise. He said that Brazil is carrying out large-scale infrastructure construction, but it is still far from enough to meet development needs. Brazil will actively attract more Chinese companies to invest and develop businesses in Brazil and promote the implementation of more cooperation projects. Lula (卢拉) specifically pointed out that Brazil is willing to continue to promote cooperation in the Brazil-China Earth Resources Satellite project, strengthen cooperation with China in high-tech fields such as aerospace and artificial intelligence, and actively promote artificial intelligence to better benefit all mankind.
"Free trade can help avoid many of the conflicts happening in the world today." Lula (卢拉) said that Brazil firmly supports multilateralism and free trade, admires China's firm position against unreasonable "reciprocal tariffs," and the world should jointly resist power politics and unilateralism. Lula (卢拉) said that Brazil is willing to work with China to jointly safeguard the multilateral trading system with the WTO as its core, maintain international rules and order, strengthen the BRICS mechanism, and promote the global governance system to develop in a more just and reasonable direction.
Brazil will host the 17th BRICS Leaders' Meeting and the 30th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change this year. Lula (卢拉) thanked China for its strong support and welcomed China's attendance at relevant events. He said that China's leading role in global climate governance is crucial, and China has done a lot of work in addressing climate change. Brazil hopes to establish a strong partnership with China to promote global climate action and calls on developed countries to assume historical responsibilities. He also hopes that Brazil and China will strengthen cooperation in public health and other fields and jointly build a human health community.
"The world today does not need recession, war, or conflict, but peace, patience, investment, and development, so that people all over the world can live with dignity." Lula (卢拉) said that Brazil will continue to work with China to support the United Nations in playing a greater role in global affairs, uphold true multilateralism, and oppose unilateralism and power politics. Brazil and China, as countries of the Global South, can promote the reform of the main UN agencies, so that countries of the Global South have more representation and a greater voice, jointly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries, and work together to address common challenges. In terms of global security, Brazil is willing to work with China to continue to play a constructive role in promoting a political solution to the Ukraine crisis.
"I am very, very, very optimistic about Brazil-China relations, and I am very optimistic about all aspects." Lula (卢拉) said, "Brazil-China relations are at their best historical period. The two countries are not only political, economic and strategic partners, but also joint promoters of world peace and development. Brazil looks forward to working with China to create a world of peace, prosperity and sustainable development through a more open cooperation mechanism."
(Reported from Brasilia)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 12th. Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, met in Beijing on May 12th with some of the foreign ministers and representatives of participating countries in the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum.
When meeting with Cuban Foreign Minister Rodriguez (罗德里格斯), Wang Yi (王毅) stated that President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Díaz-Canel (迪亚斯—卡内尔) held a fruitful and important meeting in Moscow, which pointed out the direction for further development of China-Cuba relations. China will continue to support Cuba in its just struggle to safeguard national sovereignty and national dignity and oppose blockade and sanctions, and promote the continuous achievement of new results in the construction of the China-Cuba community with a shared future.
Rodriguez (罗德里格斯) expressed his heartfelt gratitude to China for its firm support for Cuba in opposing blockade and sanctions, and for providing valuable assistance to Cuba in overcoming economic difficulties. Cuba will continue to firmly adhere to the one-China principle and implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state in Moscow with China.
When meeting with Uruguayan Foreign Minister Bustillo (卢贝特金), Wang Yi (王毅) said that China and Uruguay understand each other, treat each other equally, and have created a model of relations between countries of different sizes. China is willing to work with Uruguay to deepen high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, and continuously enrich the connotation of the China-Uruguay comprehensive strategic partnership with more solid political mutual trust, higher-level mutually beneficial cooperation, and closer multilateral collaboration.
Bustillo (卢贝特金) said that Uruguay highly appreciates the series of global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平), supports free trade, and is willing to jointly practice multilateralism. Uruguay firmly adheres to the one-China principle and supports the "one country, two systems" policy.
When meeting with Peruvian Foreign Minister Gervasi (斯基亚莱尔), Wang Yi (王毅) said that last year President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Boluarte (博鲁阿尔特) exchanged visits. China is willing to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state and promote the continuous advancement of the China-Peru comprehensive strategic partnership to a new level. The two heads of state jointly announced the opening of the Chancay Port, which has become a symbol of promoting unity and cooperation among developing countries and accelerating development and revitalization. China is willing to deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with Peru in various fields.
Gervasi (斯基亚莱尔) stated that Peru firmly adheres to the one-China principle and looks forward to deepening all-round cooperation with China in politics, economy, trade, science, technology, culture, etc. Peru is willing to jointly build the Chancay Port Industrial Park, further promote free trade cooperation between the two countries, and accelerate the negotiation and signing of an agreement to avoid double taxation.
When meeting with Venezuelan Foreign Minister Gil (希尔), Wang Yi (王毅) said that President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Maduro (马杜罗) held a fruitful meeting in Moscow, which pointed out the direction for the development of bilateral relations in the next stage. China firmly supports regional countries in uniting and strengthening themselves, and is willing to work with Venezuela and other Latin American countries to oppose hegemony and bullying and safeguard international justice.
Gil (希尔) said that Venezuela and China have established an all-weather strategic partnership, and cooperation in various fields has achieved important results. Venezuela is satisfied and proud of this. China plays an important role in defending the UN Charter and other international rules, and Venezuela firmly supports China's just position.
When meeting with Guyanese Foreign Minister Todd (托德), Wang Yi (王毅) said that China is willing to work with Guyana, guided by the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, to jointly build the Belt and Road with high quality, explore cooperation in emerging fields such as the digital economy and the green economy, and deepen exchanges and cooperation in medical care, education, culture, and other fields. China will encourage Chinese companies to invest and develop businesses in Guyana, and help Guyana upgrade its industries and achieve economic self-reliance.
Todd (托德) said that Guyana regards China as a trustworthy good friend and is willing to deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with China and welcome more Chinese investment. Guyana appreciates China's leadership in improving global governance and is willing to jointly adhere to multilateralism and safeguard international law and international rules.
When meeting with Laureano (劳雷亚诺), Presidential Advisor for International Cooperation of Nicaragua, and Zentner (詹特斯克), Foreign Minister, Wang Yi (王毅) stated that China is willing to consolidate high-level mutual trust with Nicaragua, continue to provide assistance to Nicaragua within its capacity, prioritize the implementation of cooperation projects that are conducive to accelerating Nicaragua's independent development, and support Chinese companies to invest and develop businesses in Nicaragua. China believes that Nicaragua will continue to adhere to its friendship with China and provide a good business environment.
Laureano (劳雷亚诺) said that Nicaragua firmly adheres to the one-China principle and opposes unilateral actions such as the abuse of tariffs. The joint construction of the "Belt and Road" and the three major global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平) will help the world achieve peace, security, stability, and development, and Nicaragua firmly supports them.
When meeting with Colombian Foreign Minister Sarabia (萨拉维亚), Wang Yi (王毅) congratulated Colombia on taking over as the rotating presidency of the China-CELAC Forum, and said that China is willing to work with Colombia to make this ministerial meeting a united, pragmatic, and efficient grand gathering of the China-CELAC family. China always views China-Colombia relations from a strategic and long-term perspective, and is willing to take the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries as an opportunity to carry out Belt and Road cooperation.
Sarabia (萨拉维亚) expressed his gratitude to China for its support for Colombia's peace process and efforts to explore diversified development. Colombia is willing to join the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" and promote more tangible results in bilateral cooperation, and looks forward to China increasing its investment in Colombia.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 12th. Wang Yi (王毅), Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, met collectively in Beijing on the 12th with the foreign ministers and representatives from Antigua and Barbuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Suriname, and Trinidad and Tobago, and other Caribbean countries that have diplomatic relations with China, who were in China to attend the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum.
Wang Yi (王毅) said that this year marks the tenth anniversary of the establishment of the China-CELAC Forum. Over the past decade, the comprehensive cooperative partnership between China and the Caribbean has embarked on a fast track, and cooperation in various fields has achieved remarkable results. Leaders of all Caribbean countries that have diplomatic relations with China have visited China, a large number of key China-Caribbean cooperation projects have been put into use or are progressing smoothly, and cultural exchanges are becoming increasingly active. The forum has helped China and the Caribbean achieve each other's accomplishments, promoted South-South cooperation, and enhanced the influence of the Global South.
Wang Yi (王毅) stated that Caribbean countries are an indispensable member of the China-CELAC Forum. Looking to the future, the two sides should deepen political mutual trust and continue to support each other on issues involving each other's core interests. It is necessary to promote pragmatic cooperation, jointly build the "Belt and Road" with high quality, and help Caribbean countries accelerate independent development. It is necessary to promote cultural exchanges, and China will provide more government scholarships and training opportunities. It is necessary to strengthen multilateral cooperation and build a more just and reasonable global governance system. China will continue to provide assistance to the Caribbean in addressing climate change and support the Caribbean in playing a greater role in international affairs.
The foreign ministers and others from the Caribbean countries expressed their gratitude to China for its long-term strong support for key areas such as infrastructure in the Caribbean countries, which has helped the Caribbean countries improve people's well-being, enhance economic resilience, and accelerate sustainable development. The One China principle is the cornerstone of China-Caribbean relations, and the Caribbean countries will continue to firmly adhere to it. The Caribbean side looks forward to strengthening South-South cooperation through the China-CELAC Forum as a platform.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Ankara, May 11th. At the invitation of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, Xiao Jie (肖捷), Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, led a delegation to visit Turkey from May 8th to 11th. During the visit, Xiao Jie (肖捷) met with Turkish Parliament Speaker Kurtulmuş (库尔图尔穆什) and Vice President Yılmaz (耶尔马兹), and held talks with Turkish Deputy Speaker Bozdağ (博兹达).
Xiao Jie (肖捷) stated that under the strategic guidance of President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Erdoğan (埃尔多安), Sino-Turkish relations continue to maintain a momentum of development, and cooperation in various fields is steadily advancing. China is willing to work with Turkey to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, strengthen exchanges between legislative bodies, deepen political mutual trust, promote cooperation in various fields, and promote the steady and long-term development of Sino-Turkish relations. Xiao Jie (肖捷) also introduced the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, the Third Session of the 14th National People's Congress, and China's economic and social development.
The Turkish side expressed its appreciation for the friendly relations between Turkey and China and China's development achievements, and stated that in the context of the current international situation, it attaches great importance to developing relations with China, adheres to the one-China principle, and is willing to strengthen high-level exchanges and exchanges between legislative bodies with China, deepen pragmatic cooperation, and promote Turkish-Chinese relations to a new level.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 12th (Xinhua) -- On May 12th, Peng Qinghua (彭清华), Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee, met with a multi-party delegation of members of the Spanish Congress of Deputies led by the Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Congress of Deputies, Mr. Ruiz (鲁伊斯), at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂). The two sides exchanged views on China-Spain and China-Europe relations, exchanges between legislative bodies, and issues of common concern.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 12th (Xinhua) – The Brazil-China Business Seminar was held in Beijing (北京) on the 12th. Brazilian President Lula (卢拉), and Gao Yunlong (高云龙), Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, attended the closing ceremony and delivered speeches.
Gao Yunlong (高云龙) stated that China is willing to work with all sectors of Brazil to thoroughly implement the important consensus reached by President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Lula (卢拉), promote cooperation in various fields to better benefit the people of both countries, jointly build a China-Brazil community with a shared future for a more just world and a more sustainable planet, and inject more positive energy into world peace and development.
Lula (卢拉) stated that Brazil is willing to actively promote the alignment of the development strategies of the two countries to achieve more mutually beneficial results, and further create a model of solidarity and cooperation among countries of the Global South.
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency, Moscow, May 11th (Reporter Huang He) From May 8th to 10th, at the invitation of the Russian-Chinese Friendship Association, Yang Wanming (杨万明), President of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries, led a delegation to visit Moscow and Volgograd, Russia, to attend the celebration of the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Soviet Great Patriotic War. He held a working meeting with Ivan Melnikov (梅利尼科夫), First Deputy Chairman of the State Duma of the Russian Federation and Chairman of the Russian-Chinese Friendship Association. Accompanied by Anna Pিশemskaya (皮谢姆斯卡娅), Deputy Governor of the Volgograd Oblast, and Galina Kulikova (库利科娃), First Vice President of the Russian-Chinese Friendship Association and recipient of the Chinese "Friendship Medal," he laid flowers at the tomb of Marshal Vasily Chuikov (崔可夫), and paid tribute to the martyrs and heroes who sacrificed in the Battle of Stalingrad (斯大林格勒战役). He also attended an event where activists from the Russian-Chinese Friendship Association and university students from China and Russia jointly planted friendship pines.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 12th. Today is International Nurses Day, and this year's theme in China is "Caring for the Nursing Workforce, Safeguarding People's Health." Liu Guozhong (刘国中), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, visited the Beijing Anding Hospital (首都医科大学附属北京安定医院) affiliated with Capital Medical University to visit and extend greetings to frontline nursing staff, and extended festive greetings to the more than 5.8 million nursing staff across the country.
Liu Guozhong visited clinical departments such as mental health, psychology, and sleep, engaged in in-depth exchanges with medical staff, and learned in detail about nursing work and psychological assistance. He said that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) attaches great importance to the development of the nursing profession and has made a series of important instructions and endorsements on caring for nurses and strengthening the nursing workforce. In recent years, China's nursing workforce has continued to grow, its overall quality has significantly improved, and the majority of nursing staff have been 恪尽职守 (kè jìn zhí shǒu - "conscientiously fulfill one's duty," to be dedicated and responsible in one's work) and selfless in their dedication, making important contributions to safeguarding the lives, safety, and health of the people.
Liu Guozhong emphasized that nursing staff are an important force in promoting the construction of a Healthy China, safeguarding people's health, effectively overcoming diseases, and helping patients recover. It is necessary to continuously strengthen the construction of the nursing workforce, improve the nursing service system, and comprehensively promote the high-quality development of nursing work. It is necessary to strengthen talent training, accelerate the filling of urgently needed and scarce nursing gaps, improve nursing service capabilities, and better meet the people's needs for high-quality and efficient nursing services. It is necessary to improve incentive mechanisms, improve support policies, improve working conditions, and enhance nurses' professional sense of honor and attractiveness. It is necessary to vigorously promote good traditions, adhere to professional ethics, publicize advanced models, and create a good atmosphere in the whole society of caring for the nursing workforce and understanding and supporting nursing work.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Geneva, May 12th (Reporters Wang Yanan (王娅楠) and Ma Ruxuan (马汝轩)) On the evening of May 11th, local time, Vice Premier of the State Council He Lifeng (何立峰) met with World Trade Organization Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala in Geneva.
He Lifeng (何立峰) stated that the multilateral trading system with the World Trade Organization at its core is the cornerstone of international trade and plays an important role in global economic governance. All parties should resolve differences and disputes through equal dialogue within the framework of the World Trade Organization, jointly safeguard multilateralism and free trade, and promote the stability and smooth flow of global industrial and supply chains. China will continue to comprehensively and deeply participate in the World Trade Organization reform, support the World Trade Organization in playing the role of a "stabilizer" of global trade, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of developing members, and make greater contributions to addressing global common challenges. He Lifeng (何立峰) also briefed on the relevant situation of the Sino-US high-level economic and trade talks upon request.
Okonjo-Iweala stated that the current global economy and trade growth are facing severe challenges. World Trade Organization members should jointly defend the open and rules-based multilateral trading system, strengthen dialogue and cooperation on international trade issues, and promote the World Trade Organization to play a greater role in promoting trade liberalization and facilitation and achieving global sustainable development.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 范昊天
The top half looks like garlic, the bottom half looks like a bird, and when you press its belly, it emits a magical, "brainwashing" voice saying "Garlic Bird, Garlic Bird."
To purchase this "Garlic Bird" doll, Wang Di (汪頔), a citizen of Ezhou (鄂州), Hubei (湖北) Province, didn't hesitate to drive an hour to Wuhan (武汉), "'Garlic Bird' is a homophone for 'suàn le' (算了), which embodies the open-minded and inclusive attitude of us Hubei people."
Taking photos with the 5-meter-tall giant "Garlic Bird" doll, purchasing cultural and creative products themed around "Guo Zao" (过早) (breakfast) culture and the cherry blossom season... The first "Garlic Bird" themed pop-up store in the country opened in the MixC (万象汇) shopping mall in Wuchang District (武昌区), Wuhan (武汉), and has become a popular spot for young people to visit.
"Since its opening on March 28th, the daily turnover has exceeded 100,000 yuan at its peak," said Yang Bozhi (杨博智), General Manager of Wuhan Gift Cultural Tourism Industry Co., Ltd. (武汉礼物文旅产业有限公司). "The market feedback has exceeded expectations, and we plan to postpone the closing time by more than 20 days."
The "Special Action Plan for Boosting Consumption" issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央办公厅) and the General Office of the State Council (国务院办公厅) proposes to promote the first-store economy in accordance with local conditions, and encourage domestic and foreign high-quality commodity and service brands to open their first stores and hold first releases, first shows, and first exhibitions.
Wuhan (武汉) has introduced a series of policies and measures, focusing on building platform carriers, constructing green channels, improving service mechanisms, and strengthening subsidy fund support, to help the first-store economy become a "locomotive" for driving consumption.
"We provide efficient services in the process of brand entry and event development, and proactively coordinate key links such as site selection, registration, and safety management for first-store entry projects, and go all out to help brand first stores solve the difficult problems of landing and operation," said the relevant person in charge of the Wuhan Municipal Bureau of Commerce (武汉市商务局). Last year, the number of first stores in the city exceeded 400 for the first time, and the number of high-energy first stores increased exponentially.
In recent years, there have also been many internet-famous first stores that have closed down. After the novelty wears off, how can we avoid a flash in the pan?
In the Wushang Dream Age Plaza (武商梦时代广场), WS Dreamland (WS梦乐园), the first large-scale indoor cultural tourism project in Central China, is very popular. Long queues have formed in front of many amusement facilities such as the carousel, the pendulum, and the bumper cars.
"By creating unique consumption scenarios and activities, we continuously cultivate consumer stickiness and strive to transform 'novelty consumption' into 'long-term consumption'," said Xu Ping (徐萍), Minister of Marketing and Promotion Department of Wushang Group (武商集团). From March to the Qingming Festival holiday this year, sales increased by double digits year-on-year.
In addition to attracting them, we must also find ways to "help them get on the horse and see them off for a journey."
Wuhan (武汉) has established a first-store economy project database to provide full-process tracking services to the companies in the database, and strengthen the integrated development of "commerce, culture, tourism, and sports" through the issuance of cultural tourism benefit coupons and the holding of the Spring Festival consumption season.
At the same time, Wuhan (武汉) vigorously promotes the upgrading of core business districts and characteristic commercial streets, and the innovative development of large-scale commercial complexes, providing broad space for the first-store and first-release economy. Wuhan (武汉) has 29 commodity trading markets with a turnover of more than 100 million yuan and 149 large shopping centers with an operating area of more than 3,000 square meters. This year, Wuhan (武汉) will strive to introduce more than 300 new first stores of various types.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 12th (Reporter Wang Ke (王珂)) - The Ministry of Commerce (商务部) released data on the 12th showing that since the implementation of the 2024 auto trade-in policy, the cumulative number of subsidy applications has exceeded 10 million.
The data shows that as of May 11, 2025, the number of subsidy applications for the 2025 auto trade-in program reached 3.225 million, including 1.035 million for vehicle scrapping and renewal, and 2.19 million for replacement and renewal. The auto trade-in policy has effectively promoted consumption growth, green transformation, and resource recycling.
Auto consumption continues to rebound. From January to April, domestic passenger car retail sales were 6.918 million units, an increase of 9% year-on-year. According to business big data monitoring, in April, the sales of automobiles in key monitored retail enterprises increased by 1.9% year-on-year.
Green and intelligent consumer products are highly favored. Since 2025, new energy vehicles have accounted for more than 53% of auto trade-ins. From January to April, the cumulative retail sales of new energy passenger vehicles reached 3.342 million units, an increase of 37% year-on-year, and the market penetration rate reached 48.4%, an increase of 0.8 percentage points compared with the whole year of 2024.
The level of resource recycling continues to increase. From January to April, the recycling volume of scrapped vehicles was 2.767 million units, an increase of 65% year-on-year.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on May 12th (Reporter Wang Zheng (王政)): The China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (中国汽车工业协会) released data on the 12th showing that in the first four months of this year, China's automobile production and sales both exceeded 10 million vehicles for the first time in history.
The potential of domestic demand is accelerating its release. From January to April, China's automobile production and sales reached 10.175 million and 10.06 million vehicles, respectively, representing year-on-year increases of 12.9% and 10.8%. Among these, domestic sales of automobiles reached 8.123 million vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 12%, which is 1.2 percentage points higher than the overall sales growth of automobiles.
Exports maintained stable growth. From January to April, China exported 1.937 million vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 6%. Among these, exports of new energy vehicles reached 642,000 vehicles, a year-on-year increase of 52.6%. In April alone, automobile exports reached 517,000 vehicles, achieving double growth both month-on-month and year-on-year.
The passenger vehicle market continued its good performance. From January to April, passenger vehicle production and sales reached 8.765 million and 8.641 million vehicles, respectively, representing year-on-year increases of 14.5% and 12.4%. Among these, sales of Chinese brand passenger vehicles reached 5.94 million vehicles, with a sales share of 68.7%, an increase of 8.1 percentage points compared to the same period last year.
New energy vehicles continued their rapid growth trend. From January to April, cumulative production and sales of new energy vehicles reached 4.429 million and 4.3 million vehicles, respectively, representing year-on-year increases of 48.3% and 46.2%. New energy vehicle sales accounted for 42.7% of total new vehicle sales.
Return to TopIn response to the challenges posed by the recent continuous drought and lack of rain, and insufficient soil moisture affecting corn growth, Tongjiang County (通江县), Bazhong City (巴中市), Sichuan Province (四川省) has recently organized党员 (dǎng yuán - Communist Party member) agricultural service teams to carry out drought resistance irrigation and moisture conservation to stabilize production. The picture shows the service team watering corn in Guanshanping Village (观山坪村), Tiefo Town (铁佛镇) on May 11.
Cheng Cong (程聪) Photo (Image China)
Return to TopThis newspaper Beijing (北京), May 12th (Reporter Qu Xinming (屈信明)) The National Financial Regulatory Administration (金融监管总局) recently released the "Notice on Doing a Good Job in Financial Services for Micro and Small Enterprises in 2025," guiding financial institutions to do a good job in inclusive finance and improve the quality and efficiency of financial services for micro and small enterprises. The notice requires deepening the coordination mechanism for supporting the financing of micro and small enterprises. All levels of dispatched agencies should continue to deepen central-local coordination, strengthen the effectiveness of "four-level vertical management," coordinate and cooperate with district and county work mechanisms to improve the quality of enterprise screening and selection, and promote the resolution of operational difficulties and problems of micro and small enterprises. Promote the tilting of connection and assistance resources to micro and small enterprises in the fields of foreign trade, private, technology, and consumption.
Banking financial institutions should conduct fair and precise credit granting business for private and micro and small enterprises. Increase support for micro and small foreign trade enterprises, relying on import and export trade scenarios and data elements such as orders and logistics, to improve credit assessment and financial service levels, and promote stabilizing foreign trade and growth. Focus on cultivating and developing new quality productive forces, enrich and improve financial products, and provide diversified relay-style financial services for the specialized, refined, and new development and technological innovation of micro and small enterprises. Strengthen financial support for micro and small enterprises and individual businesses in the fields of accommodation, catering, culture and tourism, as well as new scene and new format consumption, to help expand domestic demand and promote consumption.
Return to TopWith the agreement of both China and Latin America, the 4th Ministerial Meeting of the China-Community of Latin American and Caribbean States Forum will be held in Beijing (北京) on May 13. President Xi Jinping (习近平) will attend the opening ceremony and deliver an important speech, reviewing the development of China-Latin America relations, elaborating on the rich connotation, practical achievements, and broad prospects of the China-Latin America community of common destiny, and proposing new initiatives and measures for developing China-Latin America relations. Latin American and Caribbean figures interviewed by this newspaper said that President Xi Jinping's (习近平) attendance at the opening ceremony and his important speech will inject new impetus into the steady and long-term development of China-Latin America relations, send a clear signal to the world of unity and cooperation in jointly addressing global challenges, and contribute wisdom and strength to maintaining world peace and stability.
"Further promote the development of Latin America-China relations in the direction of equality, mutual benefit, innovation, openness, and benefit to the people"
The China-Latin America Forum has gone through a decade since its official launch. Through the joint efforts of both sides, the forum mechanism has become increasingly perfect, and a cooperation and dialogue platform with a wide range of fields and multiple levels has been gradually established. Holding the 4th Ministerial Meeting on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the official operation of the China-Latin America Forum is of great symbolic significance.
Aimara Gerdel, Director of the Venezuelan Center for Chinese Studies, said: "President Xi Jinping (习近平) will attend the opening ceremony of the 4th Ministerial Meeting of the Latin America-China Forum and deliver an important speech, which shows China's high attention to this meeting and the development of Latin America-China relations, and will further promote the development of Latin America-China relations in the direction of equality, mutual benefit, innovation, openness, and benefit to the people."
Miguel Kordaño Rodríguez, former Secretary-General of the Pacific Basin Economic Council of Peru, said that the Latin America-China Forum has become one of the most systematic and strategic platforms for promoting South-South cooperation. The forum is committed to promoting the common development of Latin America and China and has achieved outstanding results in promoting Latin America-China dialogue and pragmatic cooperation.
Ramiro Isidoro Oloqui, former Deputy Undersecretary of the Argentine Ministry of Foreign Affairs, said that the holding of the 4th Ministerial Meeting of the Latin America-China Forum once again demonstrates China's consistent support for Latin American countries. It is believed that China and Latin American and Caribbean countries will further strengthen cooperation in infrastructure, trade, and cultural fields to help the people of both sides work together towards a better future.
The 4th Ministerial Meeting of the China-Latin America Forum will adopt a number of outcome documents, involving specific measures for cooperation between the two sides in the fields of scientific and technological innovation, economic and trade investment, artificial intelligence, finance, infrastructure, agriculture and food, industry and information technology, energy and minerals, and jointly building the "Belt and Road," demonstrating China and Latin America's firm determination to seek peace, promote development, and promote cooperation.
"China has become the main trading partner of many Latin American countries, and has now signed free trade agreements with 5 Latin American countries." Magali Quevedo, President of the Ecuador-China Chamber of Commerce, said that the Ecuador-China Free Trade Agreement has achieved positive results since its official entry into force a year ago, and economic and trade cooperation has become a microcosm of the continuous deepening and consolidation of Latin America-China relations. "The 10th anniversary of the official operation of the Latin America-China Forum has achieved extraordinary progress, which is mainly due to the cooperation between China and Latin American countries in many fields."
"The Latin America-China Forum has made significant progress in promoting the further development of relations between the two sides in the past decade," said Theo Shuk, Executive Secretary of the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Institute of Brazil. The volume of trade between Latin America and China continues to grow, and China's cooperation with the Latin American region in key areas such as energy, agriculture, and technology has profoundly changed the economic landscape of the Latin American region. Cooperation between the two sides in the field of infrastructure plays an important role in promoting regional connectivity and international competitiveness.
"Provides an important dialogue platform for Latin America and China to strengthen coordination and seek common development"
Ten years ago, the first Ministerial Meeting of the China-Latin America Forum was successfully held in Beijing (北京), officially opening a new stage in which bilateral and overall cooperation between China and Latin America promoted each other. Over the past decade, under the strategic guidance of head-of-state diplomacy and the joint efforts of both sides, the China-Latin America Forum has established mechanisms such as the Ministerial Meeting, the "Four-Wheel Drive" Foreign Ministers' Dialogue between China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, and the National Coordinators' Meeting, building the four pillars and eight columns of overall cooperation between China and Latin America.
"I look forward to further expanding cooperation between Latin America and China in the fields of innovation, climate change response, digital economy, new energy, and inclusive growth." Elmer Miranda, a researcher at the Panama Center for Asian Strategic Studies, said that the Latin America-China Forum has played a key role in promoting institutionalized dialogue and pragmatic cooperation between Latin America and China, which helps both sides carry out policy coordination and joint actions, and plays a constructive role in promoting the unity and development of the Latin American and Caribbean region.
Fernando Reyes Matta, Director of the Latin American and Chinese Studies Center at Andrés Bello University in Chile, said that over the past decade, the Latin America-China Forum has always adhered to the principle of joint consultation, joint construction, and sharing, and has put forward a series of forward-looking and practical cooperation initiatives, contributing to promoting Latin America-China relations and pragmatic cooperation in various fields.
"The 4th Ministerial Meeting of the Latin America-China Forum is of great significance to Peru and the Latin American region." Félix Paz, President of the Peruvian newspaper El Peruano, said that the Latin America-China Forum has a profound impact on Peru and the entire Latin American region, and Latin America-China cooperation is achieving tangible results.
Lina Beltrán, Professor of International Relations at the Universidad Externado de Colombia, said: "Against the background of the accelerated evolution of the current once-in-a-century changes and the continuous and profound adjustment of the international landscape, the 4th Ministerial Meeting of the Latin America-China Forum has injected new vitality into South-South cooperation, and also provided an important dialogue platform for Latin America and China to strengthen coordination and seek common development, which is in line with the common expectations and fundamental interests of the people of both sides."
"Latin America-China cooperation will make greater contributions to building a more just and reasonable international order"
President Xi Jinping (习近平) has visited the Latin American and Caribbean region six times, interacting intensively with leaders of regional countries in bilateral and multilateral settings, personally drawing a blueprint for the development of China-Latin America relations, leading China-Latin America relations into a new stage of equality, mutual benefit, innovation, openness, and benefit to the people, and endowing the China-Latin America community of common destiny with profound connotations.
"The Latin America-China Forum is an important platform for practicing true multilateralism, which is reflected in the fact that the forum takes into account the diverse characteristics of Latin American countries and can respond to the development needs of different countries." Marco Aurelio Demendonça, Senior Researcher at the Institute of Applied Economic Research of Brazil, said, "China is a predictable and reliable partner, and Latin American countries look forward to continuing to deepen cooperation with China."
Eduardo Regalado, a Chinese affairs expert at the Cuban International Political Research Center, said that China supports the integration process of the Latin American and Caribbean region, and Latin America-China cooperation is based on equality, mutual benefit, respect for sovereignty, and non-interference in internal affairs. This not only deepens China's bilateral relations with Latin American countries, but also lays the foundation for building inclusive and sustainable regional integration. "By building regional value chains and strengthening infrastructure and digital construction, China is helping the Latin American and Caribbean region break through the bottlenecks of economic development and better integrate into the global economy."
Brasil Acosta Peña, former Federal Congressman of Mexico, said that Latin America-China pragmatic cooperation meets the development needs of Latin American countries, and its importance is even more prominent against the background of increasing global economic instability and uncertainty. "The deepening of Latin America-China relations will help enhance the collective resilience of developing countries and promote the development of the global economic order in a more just and balanced direction."
Xia Huasheng, an economist at the Getulio Vargas Foundation of Brazil, said that opposing hegemony and power politics and advocating equality and mutual benefit are the common pursuits of Latin America and China. The Latin America-China Forum plays a key role in helping the Latin American and Caribbean region deeply integrate into the global manufacturing chain and improve regional and international trade levels. Chinese companies can assist the Latin American region in achieving re-industrialization through joint ventures and other methods, and jointly develop new technologies such as artificial intelligence and renewable energy.
"Against the background of rising trade protectionism and unilateralism, Latin America-China pragmatic cooperation demonstrates the importance of multilateralism and free trade principles." Shuk said that by strengthening policy coordination and deepening economic ties, Latin America and China are constantly gathering the strength of the Global South countries and further conveying a clear message of the era of cooperation and win-win results to the international community. "We look forward to positive results from the meeting and firmly believe that Latin America-China cooperation will make greater contributions to building a more just and reasonable international order."
(Reported on May 12 from Rio de Janeiro (里约热内卢), Mexico City (墨西哥城), Buenos Aires (布宜诺斯艾利斯) by Chen Yiming (陈一鸣), Song Yiran (宋亦然), Shi Yuanhao (时元皓), Xie Jianing (谢佳宁), and Xu Fang (许放) of this newspaper)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者
Vibrant and trendy, with a fresh look—Zhejiang is striving to narrow the "three major gaps" of urban-rural disparity, regional disparity, and income disparity, accelerating integrated urban-rural development. The income ratio between urban and rural residents has narrowed from 2.37 in 2012 to 1.83 in 2024.
Fertile plains and beautiful countryside—Henan is steadily advancing the construction of livable, business-friendly, and beautiful villages. In 2024, nearly 15,000 rural construction projects were added to the database, with a total investment of nearly 100 billion yuan.
Intensive cultivation and vigorous vitality—Hunan resolutely shoulders the important responsibility of national food security, producing 4.4% of the country's grain with 2.8% of the country's arable land, with both rice area and yield ranking among the top in the country.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "To advance Chinese-style modernization, we must comprehensively promote rural revitalization." "Accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, promote a more solid agricultural foundation, more prosperous rural areas, and a better life for farmers, and steadily move towards the goal of building a strong agricultural country."
To realize national rejuvenation, rural areas must be revitalized. All regions and departments thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions, anchor the goal of building a strong agricultural country, learn from and apply the experience of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project (千万工程), and vigorously and effectively promote the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas. Recently, our reporters conducted in-depth interviews and investigations in Zhejiang, Henan, Hunan, and other places, personally experiencing the vivid practices of promoting the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas and accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas on the front lines.
Firmly Holding the Chinese Rice Bowl and Striding Towards a Strong Agricultural Country
In 2024, China's total grain output reached a new level of 1.4 trillion catties for the first time. With abundant harvests, the construction of a strong agricultural country is making steady progress. Henan continues to promote the construction of high-standard farmland, with a cumulative total of more than 88 million mu of high-standard farmland built. Hunan has unremittingly consolidated the agricultural foundation. Last year, the province's water conservancy construction investment reached 60 billion yuan, and nearly 16.19 million square meters of new centralized seedling raising facilities were built in the past two years. Aiming at key production factors, the supply guarantee capacity of grain and other important agricultural products has been continuously enhanced.
Storing grain in the land and storing grain in technology are key measures to ensure national food security.
"Seeds are the 'chips' of agriculture. The new wheat varieties we have cultivated incorporate the excellent drought-resistant, cold-resistant, and high-yield genes of ice grass and have been promoted and planted throughout the province." At the experimental base of Zhongyuan Agricultural Valley (中原农谷) in Xinxiang City (新乡市), Henan Province, Li Lihui (李立会), a researcher at the Institute of Crop Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (中国农业科学院作物科学研究所), picked up the "Pubing 03" wheat seeds and introduced them. Henan has thoroughly implemented the seed industry revitalization action. In 2024, a total of 11 varieties in Henan were included in the leading variety catalog of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部), and the coverage rate of improved crop varieties in the province exceeded 97%.
The Institute of Agricultural Equipment of the Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (湖南省农业科学院农业装备研究所) is accelerating the research and development of high-end, intelligent, and green agricultural machinery and equipment, and has launched products such as regenerative rice low-loss and high-efficiency harvesters and intelligent self-ordering transplanters; Penggong Digital Farm (彭公数字农场) in Pingyao Town (瓶窑镇), Yuhang District (余杭区), Hangzhou City (杭州市), Zhejiang Province, deploys Internet of Things equipment and artificial intelligence technology, making data a "new agricultural material" and cultivating "smart fields." The technological style in the farmland enhances the green development momentum of agriculture and demonstrates the vigorous pulse of new quality productive forces in agriculture.
Building a diversified food supply system requires the development of food resources in an all-round and multi-channel manner.
In Jiangjing Village (江景村), Miluo City (汨罗市), Hunan Province, early rice seedlings and red peppers grow together in the seedling raising shed of Guangyou Rice Planting Professional Cooperative (广友水稻种植专业合作社). "Through the 'rice seedling raising + N' model, without affecting rice seedling raising, peppers can be harvested twice a year, and the output value per mu is expected to reach more than 20,000 yuan," said Zeng Yuehua (曾岳华), head of the cooperative. Hunan is accelerating the development of facility agriculture, promoting the transformation and upgrading of modern facility planting industry, and cultivating new growth points for agriculture.
In Zhejiang, modern marine fisheries are accelerating, with the total output value of the entire far-sea fishing industry chain exceeding 50 billion yuan last year, and the "blue granary" is constantly焕发新活力 (huàn fā xīn huó lì - "radiating new vitality," to regain or display renewed vigor and energy). In Henan, the development momentum of the under-forest economy is surging, and characteristic industries such as walnuts and camellia are developing rapidly, and the foundation of the "green granary" is more solid. Not only ensuring adequate food but also ensuring good food, the grand food concept makes the "taste buds" happier.
"Hunan is a major agricultural province, shouldering the important responsibility of food security." A relevant person in charge of the Hunan Provincial Party Committee (湖南省委) said, "This year, Hunan will accelerate the improvement of grain production capacity by implementing agricultural facilities, production mechanization, and service socialization, and create a 'Dongting Granary' (洞庭粮仓) with a higher level."
Learning from and Applying the Experience of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project, the Vast Countryside is More Beautiful, Livable, and Business-Friendly
Building livable, business-friendly, and beautiful villages is the due meaning of a strong agricultural country. The popularization rate of rural sanitary toilets is about 76%, the proportion of administrative villages with rural domestic waste collection and transportation and disposal is stably maintained at more than 90%, and the level of basic public services such as education, medical care, and elderly care is constantly improving... In the land of China, a new rural picture of beautiful villages, harmonious people, and common prosperity is slowly unfolding.
Moving towards green, the beautiful countryside is thriving and drawing a new picture.
Surrounded by weeping willows and scattered houses, several stone bridges span the small river, and the 5,000-mu flower and seedling base around the village is picturesque... "The village is becoming more and more beautiful, and life is more comfortable." Hu Fenglin (胡丰林), a villager in Huqiao Village (胡桥村), Lin颍 County (临颍县), Henan Province, takes a walk in the warm sun.
Baojing County (保靖县), Hunan Province, continues to polish the "village chef and village art" brand, attracting villagers to participate in cultural and sports activities, and the rural civilization continues to improve. Jiuguan Street (旧馆街道), Nanxun District (南浔区), Huzhou City (湖州市), Zhejiang Province, actively explores the "straw-lake sheep-fertilizer" cycle system and continuously strengthens the management of the rural ecological environment. Small villages reflect big changes, the vast countryside is more beautiful, and the villagers' lives are happier.
Deeply cultivating fertile soil and composing a "concerto" for rural talent revitalization.
"This batch of tea is growing well, and the tea made from it tastes more fragrant." On Fuyu Mountain (覆卮山) in Shangyu District (上虞区), Shaoxing City (绍兴市), Zhejiang Province, Zhou Wei (周炜), a "new farmer," carefully examines the tender buds picked from the tea garden. In recent years, Zhou Wei (周炜) has signed purchase agreements with local tea farmers, driving more than 40 farmers to increase their income by more than 800,000 yuan.
Comprehensive rural revitalization requires talent as the key. Chen Yangyang (陈阳阳), a villager in Caoxi Village (曹西村), Xiayi County (夏邑县), Henan Province, returned to his hometown in 2018 to start a family farm and built four pitaya greenhouses, driving villagers to increase their income and become rich. In Taojiang County (桃江县), Hunan Province, Gao Gui (高贵), a "new farmer," provides villagers with convenient and efficient agricultural socialization services. This year, the area of seedling raising on behalf of farmers is about 20,000 mu, serving more than 1,000 farmers in the surrounding area. Talent and rural development resonate at the same frequency, constantly activating new momentum for comprehensive rural revitalization.
"We must focus on key areas and comprehensively improve the effectiveness of Party building in leading grassroots governance. We must focus on improving the effectiveness of rural governance, deeply study and apply the experience of the 'Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation' Project, improve the rural governance system that combines autonomy, rule of law, and rule of virtue under the leadership of Party organizations, develop and strengthen the rural collective economy, and accelerate the construction of safe and law-based villages." A relevant person in charge of the Henan Provincial Party Committee (河南省委) said.
Adhering to Integrated Urban-Rural Development and Solidly Promoting Common Prosperity
Integrated urban-rural development is an inevitable requirement of Chinese-style modernization and a powerful driving force for promoting economic development and stimulating economic vitality. Equal exchange and two-way flow of urban and rural elements promote urban and rural residents to share the fruits of reform and create a better life together.
Deep integration, the two-way rush between cities and villages bursts out with new vitality.
"With tap water in the village, life is much more convenient. In the past, we used to draw water from wells. When we encountered water shortage seasons, we had to carry water from five miles away." Ji Pingheng (吉平衡), a villager in Pingshang Village (坪上村), Liuyang City (浏阳市), Hunan Province, opened the faucet, and clear tap water flowed out.
Cities and villages form a strong synergy in connection and integration. Zhejiang has carried out integrated pilot projects of basic public services in Zhoushan (舟山), Chun'an (淳安), Longyou (龙游), and Jingning (景宁), supporting young people to develop in rural areas; implemented a new round of rural road improvement actions, and promoted integrated reform of strengthening villages and enriching people. Henan coordinates the urban-rural planning layout of counties, promotes the construction of rural areas in a clustered and group-style manner according to categories, promotes the extension of infrastructure to rural areas, and improves the level of rural public services.
Grasping characteristics, the industry of enriching the people paints a beautiful picture of rural areas.
In 2017, Luan Chuan County (栾川县), Henan Province, integrated agricultural products from the entire county and created the "Luan Chuan Impression" (栾川印象) agricultural product regional brand, with an annual output value of 200 million yuan last year, driving more than 20,000 households to increase their income. "Unified standards, unified packaging, and unified pricing and sales, high-quality Luan Chuan agricultural products are becoming more and more popular and have become a new business card for development," said Li Shuangsong (李双松), chairman of Luoyang Chuanyu Agricultural Development Co., Ltd. (洛阳市川宇农业开发有限公司), who is responsible for the operation.
Industrial prosperity drives the prosperity of all industries. Taojiang County (桃江县), Hunan Province, deeply explores the "potential" of bamboo, studies new materials, and develops bamboo cultural tourism. It already has 251 bamboo enterprises, and the annual comprehensive output value of the bamboo industry has reached 17.306 billion yuan. The comprehensive output value of the integrated development of the bamboo tourism, culture, sports, and health industry has reached 30 billion yuan. Changshan County (常山县), Zhejiang Province, fully explores the value of Huyou grapefruit, extends the industrial chain, and has developed 96 deep-processed products such as Huyou grapefruit paste and double grapefruit juice essential oil masks, with a processing output value of 4.553 billion yuan. One by one, the characteristic rural industries are developing rapidly, and farmers have a "golden key" to get rich.
"Zhejiang adheres to the 'Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation' Project to lead the integrated urban-rural development, narrow the 'three major gaps' and promote common prosperity as a pioneering demonstration." A relevant person in charge of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee (浙江省委) said that Zhejiang will deeply promote integrated urban-rural development through spatial optimization, industrial linkage, and functional complementarity.
(Reporters Yu Jianbin (余建斌), Li Kai (李凯), Ye Xiaonan (叶晓楠), Deng Jianyang (邓剑洋), Fang Min (方敏), Liu Junguo (刘军国), Sun Chao (孙超), Shen Zhilin (申智林), Zhang Wenhao (张文豪), Bi Jingjin (毕京津), Ye Zi (叶子), Yang Yang (杨阳) of this newspaper)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 陈一鸣 邵世均
"Brazil sees China as a political partner, an economic partner, and also an important strategic partner in this turbulent world." Brazilian President Lula (卢拉) said in a joint interview with People's Daily and other Chinese media in Brasilia recently that President Xi Jinping's (习近平) successful state visit to Brazil last year was of great significance, consolidating the deep friendship between the two countries and promoting pragmatic cooperation between Brazil and China in various fields. He said: "I very much look forward to this visit to China to further deepen Brazil-China cooperation in trade, science and technology, climate change, public health and other fields."
Regarding the fourth Ministerial Conference of the China-CELAC Forum to be held in Beijing (北京), Lula (卢拉) said that this will be an important opportunity for CELAC-China relations to move towards a strategic upgrade. "I am very honored to be invited to attend this conference and look forward to working with China to promote the construction of the CELAC-China community with a shared future to a new level."
"Brazil-China cooperation has continued to deepen, and bilateral trade has increased from more than 5 billion US dollars in 2003 to more than 180 billion US dollars in 2024." Lula (卢拉) believes that there is still great potential for cooperation between the two countries, and bilateral trade will continue to rise. He said that Brazil is carrying out large-scale infrastructure construction, but it is still far from enough to meet development needs. Brazil will actively attract more Chinese companies to invest and do business in Brazil and promote the implementation of more cooperation projects. Lula (卢拉) specifically pointed out that Brazil is willing to continue to promote cooperation in the Brazil-China Earth Resources Satellite project, strengthen cooperation with China in high-tech fields such as aerospace and artificial intelligence, and actively promote artificial intelligence to better benefit all mankind.
"Free trade can help avoid many of the conflicts happening in the world today." Lula (卢拉) said that Brazil firmly supports multilateralism and free trade, admires China's firm stance against unreasonable "reciprocal tariffs," and the world should jointly resist power politics and unilateralism. Lula (卢拉) said that Brazil is willing to work with China to jointly safeguard the multilateral trading system with the WTO as its core, maintain international rules and order, strengthen the BRICS mechanism, and promote the development of the global governance system in a more just and reasonable direction.
Brazil will host the 17th BRICS Leaders' Meeting and the 30th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change this year. Lula (卢拉) thanked China for its strong support and welcomed China's attendance at relevant events. He said that China's leading role in global climate governance is crucial, China has done a lot of work in addressing climate change, Brazil hopes to establish a strong partnership with China to promote global climate action, and calls on developed countries to assume historical responsibilities. He also hopes that Brazil and China will strengthen cooperation in public health and other aspects to jointly build a human health community.
"The world today does not need recession, war, or conflict, but peace, patience, investment, and development, so that people all over the world can live with dignity." Lula (卢拉) said that Brazil will continue to work with China to support the United Nations in playing a greater role in global affairs, maintain true multilateralism, and oppose unilateralism and power politics. Brazil and China, as countries of the Global South, can promote the reform of major UN agencies, make the countries of the Global South more representative and have a greater voice, jointly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries, and work together to address common challenges. In terms of global security, Brazil is willing to work with China to continue to play a constructive role in promoting a political solution to the Ukraine crisis.
"I am very, very, very optimistic about Brazil-China relations, and very optimistic in all aspects." Lula (卢拉) said, "Brazil-China relations are at their best historical period. The two countries are not only political, economic and strategic partners, but also joint promoters of world peace and development. Brazil looks forward to working with China to create a world of peace, prosperity and sustainable development through a more open cooperation mechanism."
(Reported from Brasilia)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 12th. The State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办公室) released the white paper "China's National Security in the New Era" on May 12th in Beijing (北京), aiming to comprehensively elaborate on the innovative concepts, vivid practices, and construction achievements of China's national security work in the new era, and to enhance the international community's understanding and cognition of China's national security.
In addition to the preface and conclusion, the white paper is divided into six parts: China Injects Certainty and Stability into a World of Change and Turmoil; the Overall National Security Concept Guides the Direction of National Security in the New Era; Providing Solid Support for the Steady and Far-Reaching Progress of Chinese-Style Modernization; Consolidating Security in Development and Seeking Development in Security; Practicing the Global Security Initiative and Promoting International Common Security; Promoting the Modernization of the National Security System and Capacity in Deepening Reform.
The white paper points out that China coordinates the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the major changes unseen in a century in the world, and the national security situation has maintained overall stability and progress, jointly maintaining regional peace and development with Asia-Pacific countries, and injecting reliable stability into a turbulent world.
The white paper introduces that the Overall National Security Concept is the first major strategic thought established as the guiding ideology for national security work since the founding of the People's Republic of China, an important component of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and a significant ideological and theoretical contribution of contemporary China to the world. China's national security in the new era adheres to the national security path with Chinese characteristics. It is an overall, systematic, and relative grand security, a security that takes people's security as its purpose, political security as its foundation, and national interests as its criterion, a security that serves and promotes high-quality development, a security that is dynamically adjusted according to economic and social development, a security that supports further expansion of high-level opening up, and a security that operates in a standardized manner on the track of the rule of law.
The white paper emphasizes that China's national security resolutely fulfills the major responsibilities entrusted by the Party and the people, safeguards the ruling position of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and the socialist system, enhances the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security, guarantees high-quality development, safeguards national territorial integrity and maritime rights and interests, ensures the safety and reliability of emerging fields, and builds a solid security barrier for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. China attaches importance to coordinating development and security, striving to achieve a virtuous cycle of high-quality development and high-level security, and promoting mutual promotion and coordinated improvement of opening up and security. China's national security adheres to reform and innovation as the driving force, takes systematization and mechanization as the main line, improves the linked and efficient national security system, and forges a practical and effective national security capability.
The white paper points out that the Global Security Initiative is both the "security chapter" of the community of human destiny and the "world chapter" of the Overall National Security Concept. China coordinates its own security and common security, advocates strengthening global security governance, practices the global governance concept of joint consultation, joint construction, and sharing, adheres to true multilateralism, and promotes the transformation of the global security governance system in a more just and reasonable direction.
(The full text of the white paper and related reports can be found on pages 11 to 13)
Return to TopThis newspaper's Shijiazhuang (石家庄) dispatch on May 12th (Reporter Zhang Tengyang (张腾扬)) From May 11th to 12th, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Party and government main leadership symposium was held in Hebei (河北). With the theme of "Deepening Reform to Increase Momentum and Pioneering Demonstration to Compose New Chapters," the meeting thoroughly studied and implemented the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech, fully implemented the deployment requirements of the 20th Third Plenary Session of the Party Central Committee, summarized and reviewed the work and achievements of the past year, studied and analyzed the current new situation and new tasks, and jointly deployed the next key tasks.
The matters jointly promoted by the three regions and the annual key tasks set at last year's symposium have achieved the expected goals. This year's symposium focused on building a modern capital metropolitan area, constructing a beautiful China pioneer zone, industrial innovation and development in the Tongzhou-Wuqing-Langfang (通武廊) region, transformation of scientific and technological achievements, stimulating market vitality, and promoting opening up and development. It deliberated and approved a series of documents, clarifying key tasks and promotion measures.
In order to strongly support the high-quality development of the capital metropolitan area, Beijing (北京), Tianjin (天津), and Hebei (河北) will coordinate the construction of a commuter circle, a functional circle, and an industrial synergy circle, and promote the implementation of a number of key tasks and major projects.
The three regions jointly formulated the Implementation Plan (Draft for Recommendation) for the Construction of a Beautiful China Pioneer Zone in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, focusing on key regions and key areas, accelerating the green and low-carbon transition, and striving to create a pioneering demonstration benchmark for the construction of a beautiful China.
The three regions jointly formulated the Implementation Plan for Accelerating Industrial Innovation and Development in Key Areas Bordering Tongzhou (通州), Wuqing (武清), and Langfang (廊坊), proposing to implement actions such as cultivating key industrial chains, transforming and landing scientific and technological achievements, jointly building key industrial parks, and empowering enterprises with industrial and financial services, to create an important base for key industrial chains in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and jointly cultivate new quality productive forces.
The three regions jointly compiled Several Measures to Promote the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region, focusing on six aspects, including connecting the chain of scientific and technological achievement transformation and enhancing multi-field scenario applications, clarifying 19 specific measures to help Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei better play its role as a driving force for leading the country's high-quality development.
Based on in-depth visits and investigations and extensive symposiums to solicit opinions, the three regions drafted Opinions on Giving Play to the Role of Social Organizations to Stimulate Market Vitality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, focusing on four aspects, including promoting industrial synergy and promoting government-enterprise communication, clarifying 16 specific measures to focus on creating new economic growth points.
In order to accelerate the cultivation of new impetus for reform and opening up and enhance new advantages in international cooperation and competition, the three regions jointly formulated Several Measures for Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei to Promote Open Development in Coordination, including six aspects and 20 specific measures, such as building an open major channel and creating an open platform, jointly building a high-level model of regional coordinated opening up.
At this symposium, the three regions signed agreements on jointly building Zhongguancun (中关村) partner parks, collaborative development of the synthetic biology manufacturing industry, cooperation in government services, and "Hebei Clean Vegetables" entering Beijing (北京) and Tianjin (天津), and jointly created a number of industrial cooperation projects. The unveiling ceremony of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Advanced Manufacturing Cluster Alliance and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Beidaihe (北戴河) Health and Wellness Demonstration Base was held, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei tax "cross-regional collaborative service" scenario was released, and the launching ceremony of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei social security card "one card" application innovation competition was held.
In the next step, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei will firmly grasp the "bull nose," promote new achievements in relieving Beijing's non-capital functions; promote the joint construction of key areas to create a new model of integrated development; deepen collaborative innovation and industrial collaboration to enhance new momentum for regional economic development; adhere to the coordinated development of key areas to create more new scenarios that benefit enterprises and people; and deepen the reform of the system and mechanism to stimulate new vitality for coordinated development.
The meeting determined that the 2026 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Party and government main leadership symposium will be held in Beijing (北京).
Return to TopBy: 崔 妍
"Going to work thinking about where to eat, getting off work thinking about where to play!" This is a confession from a fallen official. This "philosophy" of living for the moment led him to become addicted to tipping in live streaming rooms. In order to maintain the vanity of being the "top fan," he became heavily indebted, and then took risks, using his power for personal gain, violating laws and discipline, ultimately leading to his downfall.
Pursuing enjoyment materially and seeking stimulation spiritually reveals the barrenness of the inner world. Without a master in one's heart, one will be led by desires, tempted by petty gains, and confused by the "five colors." Losing guard over small matters and minor details allows unhealthy tendencies to invade, easily leading to losing direction and sliding step by step into the abyss.
When talking about the construction of work style, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) once cited the story of the Taishan porters who dared not linger in the "Happy Three Li." "Happy Three Li" is a flat section of road halfway up Mount Tai (泰山) where tourists like to rest. However, the porters dare not stay too long because they know that if they rest for too long, their legs will become "lazy," making it even more difficult to climb the "Eighteen Bends." In times of prolonged peace, how can party members and cadres avoid becoming discouraged and even passively corrupt due to the pursuit of comfort and enjoyment? The heavily burdened porters offer enlightenment.
Have the awareness of a "load carrier." Cadres are meant to take on responsibilities and tasks; they are also load carriers. Only with "good bones and muscles" and "broad shoulders" can they carry the load well and carry heavier loads. If one is deficient in "calcium" spiritually and suffers from "osteomalacia," one will not only be unable to take on responsibilities but will also suffer from various ailments. If one's heart is not clear and one's eyes are not bright, unable to see the road ahead, one may be led astray by the beautiful scenery and take the wrong path or a fork in the road. When facing challenges, maintaining the composure of "amidst flying clouds, still remaining calm"; when facing temptations, holding the ambition of "I shall reach the summit and survey all below," all require focusing on the fundamentals, working hard on returning to simplicity and strengthening the foundation, persisting in learning, cultivating oneself, and improving oneself until old age, and using strong Party spirit to correct the course of life.
Have the vigilance of a "traveler on the road." 犯其至难而图其至远 (fàn qí zhì nán ér tú qí zhì yuǎn - "attack the most difficult and aim for the farthest," to overcome the greatest difficulties to achieve the most ambitious goals). Communists in the new era are meant to "attack the most difficult places and pursue the most distant goals." When the boat reaches midstream and people reach halfway up the mountain, being at a critical period, it is precisely the time to exert effort. Loosening the oar even slightly will result in falling back a great distance. Deepening reform, optimizing the environment, improving governance efficiency, improving people's livelihoods, handling emergencies... The more severe and complex the situation, the more necessary it is to establish an image and win the hearts of the people; the more arduous and heavy the task, the more necessary it is to invigorate the spirit and stimulate fighting will. With the sense of mission and urgency of a traveler on the road, going through barriers and seizing passes, overcoming difficulties and capturing strongholds, we will surely drive more and more fellow travelers and followers to join the great cause and go to the future together.
Have the determination of a "climber." Doing good is like climbing, and the construction of the Party's work style is also like mountain climbing. Problems of work style have stubbornness and recurrence, and we must uphold the perseverance of "always on the road." "The devil is one foot tall, the Tao is ten feet tall." Correcting the "four winds" requires both face-to-face tackling and hand-to-hand combat. The overt eating and drinking style has been curbed, but "eating the boss's money instead of public funds," "eating the lower levels instead of the higher levels," and changing methods to "eat empty letters" have appeared. Daring not to send gifts directly, they began to play "technical tricks," with virtual currency, electronic red envelopes, and express delivery becoming "new media"... Putting on "invisibility cloaks," hiding in "green gauze tents," and turning to "guerrilla warfare," the "four winds" problems are becoming invisible, mutated, and innovative. Once we relax and rest, they will inevitably rebound. We must have the awareness of fighting a protracted war and a war of attrition, both removing stubborn diseases and preventing new ailments, so that a clean and upright atmosphere will always be present, and good customs will be formed from above and become popular below.
"Follow the Tao and walk, but you must work hard halfway; understanding is not far away, but do not refuse to work hard to reach the summit." Without wavering, without slackening, without stopping, facing difficulties and climbing endlessly, we will surely cross mountain after mountain, win a broad space for development, and open up a new realm for doing things.
Return to TopOn May 11th, tourists enjoyed the weekend at the beautiful Longmen Pool in the Guniujiang Scenic Area (牯牛降风景区), Shitai County (石台县), Chizhou City (池州市), Anhui Province (安徽省).
He Qing (何清) photographed (China Photo).
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 12th (Reporter Jin Xin (金歆)) - This reporter has learned from the Central Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办): Recently, some online accounts have fabricated sudden and unexpected incidents, concocted public policies, and fabricated rumors in the social and people's livelihood fields by abusing AI technology and piecing together information. Cyberspace departments have guided websites and platforms to continuously increase monitoring, disposal, and exposure, trace the source in a timely manner, and shut down the accounts that first released the rumors, cumulatively dealing with 2210 related illegal and irregular accounts.
On the 12th, the cyberspace departments reported some typical cases. These cases include: the rumor of "AI predicting lottery numbers with 100% accuracy," the rumor of "hailstones in Guangdong (广东) being larger than eggs," the rumor of "a vicious criminal case occurring in Binjiang (滨江), Hangzhou (杭州)," the rumor of "scanning a code to receive 'five social insurances and one housing fund subsidy'," and the series of rumors of "deliberately fabricating and spreading false 'mortality rates'."
The relevant person in charge of the Central Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办) stated that they will continue to increase the monitoring and crackdown on online rumors, strictly investigate and punish accounts that publish rumors, promptly expose typical cases of violations of laws and regulations, and form a strong warning and deterrent effect. At the same time, they welcome netizens to actively participate in supervision and reporting, widely gather the strength of all parties, jointly eradicate the soil for the survival of online rumors, and jointly create a clear and bright cyberspace.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 12th -- The State Council has appointed and removed national personnel.
Mu Haisong (牟海松) has been appointed Deputy Director of the National Public Complaints and Proposals Administration (国家信访局).
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 12th. Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, met in Beijing on May 12th with some of the foreign ministers and representatives of participating countries in the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum.
When meeting with Cuban Foreign Minister Rodriguez, Wang Yi (王毅) stated that President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Díaz-Canel (迪亚斯—卡内尔) held a fruitful and important meeting in Moscow, which pointed out the direction for further development of China-Cuba relations. China will continue to support Cuba in its just struggle to safeguard national sovereignty and national dignity and oppose blockade and sanctions, and promote the continuous achievement of new results in the construction of the China-Cuba community with a shared future.
Rodriguez expressed his heartfelt gratitude to China for its firm support of Cuba in opposing blockade and sanctions, and for providing valuable assistance to Cuba in overcoming economic difficulties. Cuba will continue to firmly adhere to the One China principle and implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state in Moscow.
When meeting with Uruguayan Foreign Minister Bustillo, Wang Yi (王毅) stated that China and Uruguay understand each other, treat each other as equals, and have created a model of relations between countries of different sizes. China is willing to work with Uruguay to deepen high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, and continuously enrich the connotation of the China-Uruguay comprehensive strategic partnership with more solid political mutual trust, higher-level mutually beneficial cooperation, and closer multilateral collaboration.
Bustillo stated that Uruguay highly appreciates the series of global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平), supports free trade, and is willing to jointly practice multilateralism. Uruguay firmly adheres to the One China principle and supports the "One Country, Two Systems" policy.
When meeting with Peruvian Foreign Minister Gervasi, Wang Yi (王毅) said that last year President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Boluarte (博鲁阿尔特) exchanged visits. China is willing to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state and promote the continuous advancement of the China-Peru comprehensive strategic partnership to a new level. The two heads of state jointly announced the opening of the Chancay Port, which has become a symbol of promoting unity and cooperation among developing countries and accelerating development and revitalization. China is willing to deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with Peru in various fields.
Gervasi stated that Peru firmly adheres to the One China principle and looks forward to deepening all-round cooperation with China in politics, economy, trade, science, technology, culture, and other fields. Peru is willing to jointly build the Chancay Port Industrial Park, further promote bilateral free trade cooperation, and accelerate the negotiation and signing of an agreement to avoid double taxation.
When meeting with Venezuelan Foreign Minister Gil, Wang Yi (王毅) said that President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Maduro (马杜罗) held a fruitful meeting in Moscow, which pointed out the direction for the development of bilateral relations in the next stage. China firmly supports regional countries in strengthening unity and self-reliance, and is willing to work with Venezuela and other Latin American countries to oppose hegemony and bullying and safeguard international justice.
Gil stated that Venezuela and China have established an all-weather strategic partnership, and cooperation in various fields has achieved important results, which Venezuela is satisfied and proud of. China plays an important role in defending the UN Charter and other international rules, and Venezuela firmly supports China's just position.
When meeting with Guyanese Foreign Minister Todd, Wang Yi (王毅) said that China is willing to work with Guyana, guided by the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, to jointly build the Belt and Road with high quality, explore cooperation in emerging fields such as the digital economy and the green economy, and deepen exchanges and cooperation in medical care, education, culture, and other fields. China will encourage Chinese companies to invest and develop businesses in Guyana, and help Guyana upgrade its industries and achieve economic independence and self-reliance.
Todd said that Guyana regards China as a trustworthy good friend and is willing to deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with China and welcome more Chinese investment. Guyana appreciates China's leadership in improving global governance and is willing to jointly uphold multilateralism and safeguard international law and international rules.
When meeting with Laureano (劳雷亚诺), International Cooperation Advisor to the President of Nicaragua, and Zentner (詹特斯克), Minister of Foreign Affairs, Wang Yi (王毅) stated that China is willing to consolidate high-level mutual trust with Nicaragua, continue to provide assistance to Nicaragua to the best of its ability, prioritize the implementation of cooperation projects that are conducive to accelerating Nicaragua's independent development, and support Chinese companies to invest and develop businesses in Nicaragua. China believes that Nicaragua will continue to adhere to its friendship with China and provide a good business environment.
Laureano (劳雷亚诺) stated that Nicaragua firmly adheres to the One China principle and opposes unilateral actions that abuse tariffs. The Belt and Road Initiative and the three major global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平) will help the world achieve peace, security, stability, and development, and Nicaragua firmly supports them.
When meeting with Colombian Foreign Minister Sarabia, Wang Yi (王毅) congratulated Colombia on taking over as the rotating presidency of the China-CELAC Forum, and stated that China is willing to work with Colombia to make this ministerial meeting a united, pragmatic, and efficient grand gathering of the China-CELAC family. China always views China-Colombia relations from a strategic and long-term perspective, and is willing to take the 45th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries as an opportunity to carry out Belt and Road cooperation.
Sarabia stated that he appreciates China's support for Colombia's peace process and efforts to explore diversified development. Colombia is willing to join the Belt and Road Initiative and promote more tangible results in bilateral cooperation, and looks forward to China increasing its investment in Colombia.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者
Since the in-depth implementation of the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, all regions, departments, and units have focused on the theme, emphasized practical results, continuously enriched learning forms, broadened investigation channels, implemented open education, and promoted Party members and cadres to unite their efforts with excellent work styles and start businesses, demonstrating new achievements in promoting high-quality development.
Upholding Righteousness and Innovation, Deep Learning and Thorough Understanding
All regions, departments, and units adhere to upholding righteousness and innovation, making good use of various carriers such as reading classes, "three meetings and one lesson," theoretical lectures, and website columns to learn comprehensively, focus on key points, and learn in depth, promoting learning and education to enter the mind and heart.
The leading teams of Party committees (Party groups) at all levels of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) took the lead in holding reading classes and central group studies; organized joint learning and discussion activities for secretaries of Party organizations of organs and lectures by young advanced models for different groups; opened a special website for learning and education to display work progress, release learning resources, and explore and publicize the stories of the excellent work style and academic style of the older generation of scientists, strengthening positive guidance.
Xiamen City (厦门市), Fujian Province (福建省), has created distinctive learning carriers, opened special columns for learning and education on online platforms such as "Xiamen Party Building e Home" ("厦门党建e家"), and regularly updated the "Egret Island Correcting Style" ("鹭岛正风") micro-class and the "Discipline and Law Explained Thoroughly" ("纪法说透透") micro-video; the Xiamen City Party Style and Clean Government Education Hall (厦门市党风廉政教育馆), the Xiamen City Party Style and Government Style Supervision Station (厦门市党风政风监督台), and the "Learning Road" themed classroom of the Xiamen Municipal Party School (厦门市委党校) were used as on-site teaching points for municipal-level learning and education to enhance the effectiveness of learning and education.
Yancheng City (盐城市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), focuses on hierarchical classification and has formulated relevant measures for learning and education for newly promoted cadres, young cadres, and cadres in key positions. Among them, Jianhu County (建湖县) organized members of the lecturer group to deeply explore red cultural resources, develop targeted courses, and comprehensively use "lecture-style," "case-style," and "interactive-style" methods to carry out "teaching services" activities. Sheyang County (射阳县), combined with the annual cadre education and training plan, focused on cadres in key positions in the economic sector and state-owned enterprises, and launched special training such as "learning business, improving quality and energy, and promoting development."
Midu County (弥渡县) in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture (大理白族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省), used typical cases of violations of discipline and law by leading cadres that have been investigated and dealt with as the theme, combined with folk culture to create an immersive warning education flower lantern opera, and filmed and produced learning and education videos such as micro-videos, cartoons, and warning education films, using forms that cadres and the masses love to see to spread clean government culture and educate and guide Party members and cadres to be in awe and be alert and know where to stop.
Taking Multiple Measures, Immediate Investigation and Immediate Correction
All regions, departments, and units fully utilize disciplinary inspection and supervision, inspection and supervision, audit supervision, supervision and inspection, investigation and research, and other means to comprehensively and deeply find problems, and achieve immediate investigation and immediate correction, and immediate knowledge and immediate correction.
Tsinghua University (清华大学) has formulated a list of problems for comparison and investigation for leading teams and leading cadres of each unit, each Party branch, and ordinary Party members, and produced a collection of typical cases for Party organizations and Party members at all levels to compare and investigate problems and promote rectification and implementation; deployed special actions such as reducing burdens for the grassroots, practicing thrift and opposing waste, solving "minor and difficult problems" around teachers and students, and compliant use of scientific research funds to promote the deepening and solid implementation of learning and education.
The Bank of Communications (交通银行) insists on promoting investigation and rectification simultaneously, organizing leading teams and leading cadres at all levels to take the lead in conducting research to find problems and dig into the root causes, and formulate rectification measures; paying attention to grasping the key points of work at different levels, integrating learning and education with doing a good job in the main responsibilities and main business, promoting the central work, coordinating with promoting central inspection and rectification and special governance, and connecting with deepening work style construction and rectifying formalism to reduce burdens for the grassroots, resolutely preventing "two skins."
Wuzhong City (吴忠市), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (宁夏回族自治区), organized members of the Standing Committee of the Municipal Party Committee to investigate the situation in the departments in charge and grassroots contact points, invited model workers and mass representatives to hold symposiums to listen to opinions, issued letters to the Party committees of counties (cities, districts) and the Party (Working) Committees of industrial (agricultural) parks to solicit suggestions in a targeted manner, and organized departments such as the Discipline Inspection Commission, Supervision Commission, Inspection Office, Audit Office, and Letters and Visits Office to discuss problems, striving to find problems accurately and realistically.
Wangcheng District (望城区), Changsha City (长沙市), Hunan Province (湖南省), contacted the situation and tasks of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, contacted the specific practice of grasping work style construction locally, organized young cadres to conduct a comprehensive investigation of integrity risks, refined and sorted out a list of 15 specific manifestations for comparison and inspection, and investigated problems through methods such as "small group finding, mass raising, superior pointing, mutual help, and collective discussion," identified 15 risk points in key positions and young cadre positions, and immediately corrected and immediately rectified them.
Rooted in the Masses, Open Education
All regions, departments, and units pay attention to mass participation, accept mass supervision, and test the effectiveness of learning and education in the process of solving the urgent and difficult problems of the masses.
Chongqing University (重庆大学) organized six types of groups, including members of the school's Discipline Inspection Commission, representatives of organ staff, representatives of non-Party members, representatives of students, representatives of teachers, and representatives of retired veteran comrades, to hold symposiums; and announced four online and offline channels on the official website, including email, hotline, leadership mailbox, and physical opinion box, to widely solicit opinions and suggestions from teachers and students on the learning and education activities carried out by various units and Party member leading cadres of the school.
The National Development Bank (国家开发银行) has orderly carried out various tasks of learning and education, combined with business work, and regarded carrying out the special action of "efficiently handling one matter" as an important measure to deepen the effectiveness of learning and education, highlighting the distinct guidance of "reality" and promoting the mobilization and enthusiasm of learning and education throughout the bank.
The Agricultural Bank of China (中国农业银行) adheres to open education, proposes four specific arrangements: paying attention to the participation of customers and grassroots employees, accepting the supervision of customers and grassroots employees, responding to the concerns of customers and grassroots employees, and guiding Party members and cadres to play a role. Through measures such as promoting "supervision codes" in business outlets and establishing work style supervisors, the results of learning and education are reflected in improving the quality and efficiency of financial services for the people.
Dongying City (东营市), Shandong Province (山东省), combines learning and education with the implementation of "going down to the grassroots in four ways," improves the normalized mechanism for contacting and serving the masses, organizes Party members and cadres to go deep into the villages, buildings, and enterprises they are responsible for to conduct visits and research, and listen to opinions and suggestions; improves the problem-solving and handling mechanism and the mechanism for assigning and supervising handling, classifies and establishes problem ledgers, clarifies responsible units, and solves the urgent and difficult problems of the masses and the outstanding problems strongly reflected by the grassroots.
Shangli County (上栗县), Pingxiang City (萍乡市), Jiangxi Province (江西省), continues to deepen the "business process experience" activity. More than 150 leading cadres from county-level organs immerse themselves in the government affairs process in the "dual roles" of the masses and window staff, discover problems from it, and streamline and optimize the business process in a targeted manner, so that the masses can personally feel the new changes in work style.
Baisha Li Autonomous County (白沙黎族自治县), Hainan Province (海南省), relies on the grassroots governance brands created by various townships, such as courtyard discussions and "old dad tea" heart-to-heart meetings, to promote Party members and cadres to sink to the grassroots, chat with the masses, discuss problems, and explain policies. Through the "acceptance, distribution, supervision, and feedback" problem rectification mechanism, it focuses on solving the urgent and difficult problems of the masses and effectively transforms the results of learning and education into the driving force for taking responsibility and starting businesses.
(Reporters He Zhaoyu (何昭宇), Wu Yue (吴月), Yan Yiqiao (闫伊乔), Zhu Jun (朱隽), Wu Yuehui (吴月辉), Ge Mengchao (葛孟超), Yang Yanfei (杨颜菲), Zhang Chi (张驰), Jiao Siyu (焦思雨), and Dong Zeyang (董泽扬) of this newspaper)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 孙 超
Various parameters were adjusted in place, and the testing system was ready. The button was pressed—on the more than 100-meter-long track in the high-speed train dynamic model laboratory of Central South University (中南大学) , two white shadows flashed by. Only when they stopped could people see that they were two train models moving towards each other.
"In half a second, the model has to accelerate from 0 km/h to 500 km/h. This is the first set of train aerodynamic dynamic model experimental systems with a speed of 500 km/h in the world." Lu寨军 (鲁寨军), a core member of the Rail Transit Aerodynamics and Collision Safety Technology Innovation Team of Central South University (中南大学) and the Party Branch Secretary of the High-Speed Train Research Center, introduced that the streamlined shape of China's high-speed trains largely depends on the experimental data generated here.
The safety performance of a train in the event of a collision depends on collision safety protection technology, which is another research direction that the team has pioneered in China. In the collision laboratory next to it, a test vehicle driven by an air cannon accelerates and moves, directly hitting the large-tonnage force-measuring rigid wall at the end of the track.
"Once a train collision occurs, the vehicle-end energy-absorbing structure we developed will generate stable, orderly, and controllable collapse deformation in a very short time, maximizing the absorption of collision energy and protecting the lives of people on board," said Lu寨军 (鲁寨军).
In the exhibition area, rows of aerodynamic performance dynamic model test vehicles with different shapes and energy-absorbing structures that have been "destroyed" outline the persistent pursuit of "fast and safe" by generations of scientific researchers in the team for more than 30 years. They have solved the three major world problems that restrict the development of high-speed railways: aerodynamic constraints, train collision safety protection, and comprehensive protection of driving safety in high winds, creating many firsts and strongly supporting China's high-speed railways to achieve a leap from following to leading.
Next to China's earliest aerodynamic model car for a quasi-high-speed train with a speed of 160 km/h, Lu寨军 (鲁寨军) introduced the passionate years when the team was first established in the last century.
Facing the forefront of world science and technology and major national needs, in the 1980s, Academician Tian Hongqi (田红旗) and other founding members of the team aimed at the two research fields of train aerodynamics and impact dynamics, and laid out in advance and took the lead in carrying out a large number of forward-looking studies.
In the early 1990s, the High-Speed Train Research Center was established. "At the beginning of the center's establishment, Academician Tian Hongqi (田红旗) and other founders established a unified management model and team culture for scientific research projects, funding, graduate student training, and laboratory construction, which is still our team's magic weapon for overcoming difficulties," Lu寨军 (鲁寨军) introduced. "From the beginning, the team attached great importance to the systematic research of basic theories and key technologies. In order to carry out original basic theoretical research, without any reference, we started from scratch and independently developed a series of internationally leading experimental platforms, such as the train aerodynamic performance dynamic model test system and the actual operating rail vehicle impact/instantaneous force measurement test system. In order to supplement funding, the team researchers would rather take less or no scientific research performance."
When China's high-speed train research and development ushered in a spring of rapid development, the High-Speed Train Research Center had become the leader in China's train aerodynamics and impact safety protection fields. From the "Zhongyuan Star (中原之星)" to the "Fuxing (复兴号)" high-speed train... Their streamlined shapes and collision energy-absorbing structures are all designed, optimized, and evaluated here, strongly supporting China's high-speed rail technology to set an international benchmark.
Before a new railway is put into operation, the team often has to do a lot of on-site scientific research and evaluation tests, and specifically chooses the most difficult conditions and the most complex meteorological areas to ensure the safe operation of the train.
Before the opening of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang High-Speed Railway (兰新高铁), Lu寨军 (鲁寨军) took a group of graduate students, including Xiong Yupu (熊玉璞) and Liu Dongrun (刘东润), to the Urumqi EMU Depot (乌鲁木齐动车所) in Xinjiang (新疆), and spent the whole night preparing for the experiment on the first day. "I was stunned when I saw Teacher Lu (鲁老师) get into the equipment compartment full of sand and dust to install and debug the test equipment. Later, I learned that it is very common for the team's academicians and doctoral supervisors to take the lead in enduring hardships," Xiong Yupu (熊玉璞) recalled.
"In April 2014, a 15-level gale blew in the Gobi Desert (戈壁滩) wind area through which the Lanzhou-Xinjiang Passenger Dedicated Line (兰新客专) passed. When the team members were conducting the experiment, they found that the shed could not hold up. The first thing everyone thought of was not their own safety, but to do their best to grab the valuable experimental data from the shed. As soon as they came out, the shed collapsed behind them," recalled Professor Zhou Wei (周伟), a member of the team.
The large amount of valuable data recorded and analyzed by the team provided key support for the safe operation of trains in the wind area and the research and construction of a comprehensive wind prevention system along the line. "The number of train shutdowns on the Lanzhou-Xinjiang Line (兰新线) has been greatly reduced, and the transportation capacity during the windy period has been significantly improved," said Professor Liu Tanghong (刘堂红), Deputy Secretary of the Party Branch of the High-Speed Train Research Center.
From the snowy northeastern border to the scorching southern coast; from the howling Gobi Desert (戈壁荒漠) to the cold and oxygen-deficient Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原), their footprints and sweat have been left everywhere. The team has won 8 National Science and Technology Awards, 2 China Patent Gold Awards, and this year won the "2025 China Youth May Fourth Medal Collective" honorary title.
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What Does the West Mean? What Can Be Gained by "Going West"? In this issue of "Everyone's Talk," we have selected and published three submissions to share the thoughts and gains of three authors who have devoted themselves to the construction of the West.
——Editor
Three Objects Inspire Youth
Wang Biquan (王毕全)
As a first secretary stationed in a village, I have developed the habit of writing village diaries. In the thick diary, there are three small objects, which mark the time and annotate the youth.
One is a star anise seed. In the past, every harvest season, due to the lack of drying space and frequent rain, the harvested star anise could only be piled up, which greatly affected the quality and could not be sold at a good price. In order to solve the problem of only being able to "rely on the weather," we successfully applied for 300,000 yuan of rural "three changes" reform funds through multi-party coordination and purchased a dryer, which solved the problem. "In the past, I worried about rain and sun, but now it buries my worries," the villagers said, which made me realize that to increase farmers' income, we need good plans. Finding the crux of the problem affecting farmers' income and continuing to work hard will bring great changes to the countryside.
One is a dogwood sachet, given to me by Sister Zhao (赵大姐) from the village dance team. One year during the Double Ninth Festival, we organized our own cultural evening. Villagers actively signed up, and there were more than 40 programs. The dance team where Sister Zhao was located signed up for 4 programs. The villagers themselves were the protagonists, showing their talents and demeanor, and everyone was happy. From this, I realized that the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside requires both "rich pockets" and "rich minds." When everyone lives with energy, life will be more enjoyable.
There is also a piece of Liubao tea. This was left by college students who came to support education and the children in the village who picked tea together. They taught the children to make handicrafts with tea. Watching the children's enthusiasm being ignited, I realized that rural development needs to stimulate the power of youth.
Day after day of diaries record more than 700 days and nights in the village, and also witness the common growth of me and the village. I have contributed to the development of the countryside, and the countryside has provided me with opportunities for exercise and a stage for practice. I will continue to write the village diary.
(The author is the first secretary stationed in Taiping Village (太平村), Jingnan Town (京南镇), Cangwu County (苍梧县), Wuzhou City (梧州市), Guangxi (广西))
Chewing Sweetness from Dry Bread
Wang Qiang (王强)
Standing on a high place and looking out, the distant "carbon sink forest" is turning green again, and the former barren land has been transformed into a modern energy base.
Ten years ago, when I first arrived in Yili (伊犁), Xinjiang (新疆), the project site was vast. To get to the nearest bus stop, you had to walk 10 kilometers on a sandy road; the yellow sand in the drinking water made colleagues look at each other; the prefabricated houses were unbearably hot during the day, but at night, even wrapped in thick quilts, there was still a hint of coolness. But these "deterrents" did not scare our group of young people, but aroused our fighting spirit. We vowed to "chew sweetness from dry bread." When the parameters on the drawings became roaring units, and the project was running at full load, all the hardships turned into pride and confidence.
Difficulties and hardships are not terrible. The process of overcoming difficulties is the process of increasing skills and tempering will. In the past 10 years, I have witnessed the tremendous changes in this land and have a deeper understanding that only struggle is the most beautiful background color and the most memorable time of youth, and difficulties and hardships are precisely the whetstone for growth.
The hardship of the West is undeniable. The tests of the scorching sun, sand and dust, and temperature differences are real. But we must also see that there are rare opportunities and a strong atmosphere for starting a business here. With a strong will and high-spirited attitude, striving to be pioneers in life, pioneers in development, contributors to society, and builders of the motherland, what we will ultimately gain will not only be the success of our careers, but also a rich life.
(The author is an employee of the Coal Preparation Workshop of Xinjiang Yili Xintian Coal Chemical Co., Ltd. (新疆伊犁新天煤化工有限责任公司))
Engraving Coordinates in the Wilderness of the West
Yang Min (杨敏)
Three years ago, when I came to Dingxi (定西), Gansu (甘肃) with my bags, I once asked the gullies: What will I gain here? Three years have passed, and I already have the answer in my heart.
Here is a large classroom for practice. In the fields and at the grassroots level, there is fresh knowledge, the expectations of the masses, and ideas for work. During the spring plowing, I followed the villagers to learn how to sow seeds. The "old masters" explained little by little, and I grabbed a handful of soil to realize the weight of the word "soil moisture"; in the summer, I carried out the construction of a beautiful countryside, and the appearance of the village was renewed, which made me understand the importance of improving the living environment; after the autumn harvest, I helped the villagers stack grain piles, and watching everyone's happy smiles, I also understood the villagers' expectations... What the masses think, want, and expect is concretized little by little. What the grassroots level brings to me is not only the increase of knowledge, but also the improvement of skills, which makes me better understand how to do work in the hearts of the masses.
Here are the coordinates of growth. There is no glass curtain wall of office buildings reflecting the morning light, and no neon lights of commercial streets lighting up the night. Some people have asked, is such a life worth it? Grassroots work is indeed not easy, but when I see safe and convenient drinking water facilities, cement roads leading directly to the door, and brand-new and tidy solar street lights, all the efforts are transformed into hot "worth it." What the grassroots level teaches me is responsibility and dedication, to temper myself in responsibility and grow in dedication. Engraving the coordinates of youth in the wilderness of the grassroots level will benefit me for life.
The West is a hot land, and the grassroots level is a broad stage. Those seemingly small forces, like seeds sprouting, growing, and will eventually bloom into brilliant flowers of youth.
(The author is a "three supports and one assistance" staff member of the Shichuan Town People's Government (什川镇人民政府), Tongwei County (通渭县), Dingxi City (定西市), Gansu (甘肃))
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By: 陈 凌
Looking at it from a longer-term perspective, optimizing the increment not only creates current market demand but also accumulates momentum for future development.
Where does new development space come from? Let's start with two stories.
Six days, over 4,000 kilometers, free shipping. Because she was decorating her new home, Ma Reyam Tuniyaz (马热亚木·吐尼亚孜), a resident of Baicheng County (拜城县) in Aksu Prefecture (阿克苏地区), Xinjiang (新疆), ordered a sofa produced in Foshan (佛山), Guangdong (广东), through an online shopping platform. From Foshan (佛山) to Baicheng (拜城), not only was the shipping free, but the courier also delivered it to her door. This was unimaginable before.
In three hours, express delivery can reach Dongguan (东莞), Zhuhai (珠海), Zhongshan (中山), and other cities from Bao'an (宝安), Shenzhen (深圳), Guangdong (广东). With the help of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned vehicles, and couriers working together, the delivery efficiency of the Fengyi Bao'an Low-Altitude Intelligent Logistics Operation Center is four times higher than that of simple road transportation.
The "free shipping zone" continues to expand, and existing services are constantly optimized. Efforts are being made in both incremental and stock aspects, driving "small packages" to accelerate. The volume of express delivery business exceeded 50 billion pieces, taking 5 months in 2023, 4 months in 2024, and 101 days in 2025. In the small express delivery, there is a principle of "coordinating to optimize the increment and revitalize the stock" to achieve capacity expansion.
Observing the new space for China's economic development, increment and stock are two perspectives worth paying attention to.
From the perspective of economic development law, in the stage of thin foundation and low stock, in order to solve the problem of "whether or not," economic growth often depends on the pulling of new investment; as economic growth reaches a certain volume, the marginal return of factor input decreases, and more attention must be paid to quality and efficiency, but this does not mean that there is no incremental space. By optimizing the increment, a blue ocean can also be opened up.
For example, silver-haired tourism used to be labeled with "low quality and low price" and "superficial sightseeing," which deterred many elderly people. In fact, they do not lack tourism demand, but are "persuaded to retreat" by problems such as "poor conditions, no service, and shopping." If we only increase the number of tourism product supplies without paying attention to quality, it is obviously difficult to attract the elderly.
Since the beginning of this year, various places have successively increased the number of special silver-haired tourism trains, making travel more comfortable, choices more diverse, and tourism more reassuring, attracting more elderly people to go out and enjoy "poetry and distance." In the first quarter, the number of national railway tourism trains increased by 30% year-on-year, injecting new momentum into the development of the tourism economy and the silver-haired economy. This precisely shows that the space for increment to drive the total amount is always there, and the key is to work hard on "optimization."
Looking at it from a longer-term perspective, optimizing the increment not only creates current market demand but also accumulates momentum for future development.
Mechanical arms can make latte art coffee, and technological innovation brings new consumer experiences; AI refrigerators can sense the storage of ingredients and provide personalized dietary matching programs, and artificial intelligence is increasingly integrated into public life; the deep integration of industry, academia, and research accelerates the transformation of patents into real productivity... Looking at China's economy, the increment is moving towards "optimization," and new technologies, new products, and new business forms are accelerating. We have reason to believe that the future development has sufficient momentum, and the economy will continue to move towards new, better, and upward.
"Old assets" can also become "new rich mines." To promote economic and social development, we cannot only focus on "increment," but also need to grasp "stock." From a dialectical point of view, abandoned factories, dusty patents, and vacant buildings all contain development potential and are an important part of expanding capacity.
Shanghai (上海), through carrying out the inventory and revitalization of "stock patents," more than 43,000 patents have entered the national transformable patent resource library, and more than 7,600 have been transformed; Fujian (福建) publicly disposes of idle and invalid stock assets, promotes the optimization and integration of stock assets, and empowers the economy with asset preservation and appreciation... Many stocks are "sleeping" assets, and "awakening" them can better add new momentum to development.
Today's China (中国) has accumulated a large amount of various types of assets. From the renovation of old residential areas to the "bird-in-cage" transformation of industrial parks, from the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries to the development of the second-hand car market, there is much to be done and much potential to be tapped in revitalizing the stock. This is also where China's (中国) economic growth lies.
When China (中国) announced its first-quarter economic data, many foreign media outlets said it was "better than expected." If we see the growth space of China's (中国) economy, more people will probably agree with a judgment made by Singaporean Minister Mentor Lee Hsien Loong (李显龙) in November last year, "I believe China (中国) will maintain development and prosperity."
There are benefits in increment, and there is potential in stock. By coordinating to optimize the increment and revitalize the stock, using the optimization of the increment to revitalize the stock, and using the revitalization of the stock to optimize the increment, the Chinese (中国) economy will write more and more exciting development stories.
Return to TopBy: 常 钦
From "burning it all" to making the most of straw, behind this change lies a profound shift in development concepts, strong support from technological innovation, and, more importantly, the precise guidance of national policies and the solid support of the agricultural industry system.
Walking on the vast fields, one can always feel the strong pulse of modern agriculture from the details. The change in the "role" of straw is an excellent perspective for observation.
In the past, straw was an indelible "worry" in the minds of farmers, "If you don't burn it, it piles up like a mountain and there is nowhere to put it; if you burn it, the thick smoke is annoying." Is straw a waste product of grain production, or a resource placed in the wrong place? With the improvement of the agricultural industry system, there is a new answer to this question.
Data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部) show that the production of crop straw in China has been increasing year by year. At present, the national production of crop straw is 867 million tons, the collectable amount is 733 million tons, and the comprehensive utilization rate of straw reaches 88.3%. Today's straw has been "transformed" into fertilizer, feed, energy, substrate, and even industrial raw materials, becoming a vivid footnote to China's march towards modern agriculture.
During an interview in the North China Plain (冀中平原), I noticed that large harvesters passed through the wheat fields, not only returning the grains to the granary, but also evenly spreading the crushed wheat straw back to the field. The agricultural technology expert guiding the operation on the side of the field explained: "This machine is equipped with a straw crushing and spreading device. With the subsequent rotary tillage and deep plowing, the straw can be 'eaten clean and squeezed dry' and turned into organic fertilizer to nourish the land." Promoting the comprehensive utilization of straw, scientific return to the field is an important starting point. Implementing straw return to the field according to temperature, rainfall, and farming conditions, and integrating it with soil rotation and high-yield cultivation measures, helps to improve the organic matter content and water and fertilizer retention capacity of cultivated land.
Walking into a large-scale beef cattle farm, stacks of neatly stacked silage straw bales covered with plastic film are eye-catching. In the past, corn stalks that farmers found troublesome even as firewood have become nutritious "compressed biscuits" that cattle and sheep love to eat after being crushed, shredded, and fermented with added bacteria. Silage straw not only solves the problem of straw disposal for the villagers who grow grain, but also reduces the feeding cost of the farm by a large margin, which can be described as a win-win situation. In recent years, the utilization of straw as feed in China has developed rapidly, with the utilization rate increasing by about 2 percentage points every year, and the annual utilization amount is 173 million tons. Straw is turned into livestock "rations," helping the animal husbandry industry reduce costs and increase efficiency. This "agriculture-animal husbandry combination, planting-breeding cycle" model effectively connects the planting industry and the breeding industry, improves the overall benefits of agriculture, and is precisely the inherent meaning of modern ecological agriculture.
The "ability" of straw is far more than that. In some areas with high energy demand, straw has become a new choice for clean energy through bundling and direct combustion, pyrolysis and gasification, and straw biogas, which not only alleviates energy pressure, but also meets the requirements of the country's "dual carbon" goals, contributing to the optimization of rural energy structure and ecological environmental protection. Some places have even taken a unique approach, turning straw into treasure and playing new tricks. For example, using straw as a culture medium to grow edible fungi has achieved "turning grass into gold." Today, straw has become a new way for farmers to increase their income and become rich, and it has also expanded the breadth and depth of the agricultural industry chain.
Straw is the "staple food" of herbivorous animals, a "zero-carbon emission" biomass energy source, and an important source of industrial value-added for "agricultural tail workers." From "burning it all" to making the most of straw, behind this change lies a profound shift in development concepts, strong support from technological innovation, and, more importantly, the precise guidance of national policies and the solid support of the agricultural industry system. The "Plan for Accelerating the Construction of a Strong Agricultural Country (2024-2035)" clearly proposes to "promote the upgrading of the agricultural industry system throughout the entire chain." The practice of comprehensive utilization of straw is a vivid manifestation of the upgrading of the agricultural industry system. It is no longer a terminal treatment of a single link, but runs through multiple links such as agricultural production, processing, energy, and environmental protection, forming a brand-new, green circular industry chain. The future of agriculture lies in continuously improving the modern agricultural industry system.
This year's No. 1 Central Document (中央一号文件) proposed to support the comprehensive utilization of straw. From "usable" to "easy to use" to "high-value utilization," the "seventy-two transformations" of straw will continue to be staged. There is reason to believe that as long as we continue to explore and work persistently, we will definitely be able to make the most of every straw, let the vast fields continue to burst with vitality, and lay a solid foundation for the construction of a strong agricultural country.
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The厢式货车 "roared" back and forth, steady and orderly in their busyness; the "big guy" mechanical crane arm had a "soft body," rotating flexibly and lifting powerfully... At the Humen Port Terminal (虎门港码头) in Dongguan (东莞), Guangdong (广东), the scene was busy and orderly.
"No problem! Load it onto the ship!" With an order, the packaged goods were hoisted onto the ship; then the liner left the port, heading south along the Shizi Ocean (狮子洋) directly to the Hong Kong International Airport (香港国际机场) terminal. Within just 12 hours of being loaded onto the plane and taking off, this batch of high-end jewelry, mobile phone accessories, and other products from Dongguan (东莞) and surrounding factories could arrive in countries such as the Netherlands and Belgium, and be delivered to local consumers.
This scene at Dongguan Port (东莞港) has become a daily occurrence for the operation of the "Dongguan-Hong Kong International Airport Center" (东莞—香港国际空港中心) (hereinafter referred to as the "Airport Center"). As the world's first cross-border sea-air intermodal transport project directly connected to the airport's airside, the Airport Center has, since its launch in April 2023, seen its total import and export value exceed 25.6 billion yuan, serving over 1,000 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) enterprises in "buying globally and selling globally," powerfully supporting the stable growth of Dongguan's (东莞) foreign trade. In the first quarter of this year, Dongguan's (东莞) imports and exports increased by 21.2% year-on-year, once again demonstrating the resilience and vitality of its foreign trade.
How can the Airport Center, with an area of just 100,000 square meters, unleash such great energy? It is precisely the in-depth promotion of mechanism "breakthroughs" and rule alignment between Guangdong (广东) and Hong Kong (香港) that has forged this new path for "Bay Area manufacturing" to go global, releasing new vitality for opening up.
Making good use of reform to promote connectivity. Taking the Airport Center as an example, Huangpu Customs (黄埔海关) has deepened its embedded regulatory reform, innovatively implementing the export "check first, then palletize" and import "de-palletize first, then declare" methods. As a result, it has achieved export "direct loading" and import "direct pick-up," improving timeliness by 20% and reducing overall costs by 30%. Providing guarantees in terms of land, funds, and other aspects, opening up a "green channel" for government affairs for port and shipping enterprises, and establishing a "whitelist" management system for lithium battery goods... Empowering efficiency through reform allows the shipping route to be "managed, fast, and smooth," and also widens the road to opening up.
Mechanism innovation strengthens collaboration. In the past, goods exported through Hong Kong Airport (香港机场) had to go through "mainland exit - Hong Kong entry - Hong Kong re-exit," which often took two or three days. In order to improve quality and efficiency, all parties have leveraged their respective advantages on the basis of strengthening collaboration. The Hong Kong Legislative Council (香港立法会), Customs, Airport Authority (机场管理局), and other entities have taken the initiative to revise relevant laws and management regulations on cross-border aviation security and palletizing, bringing the core functions of the Hong Kong Airport (香港机场) cargo station to Dongguan (东莞). The Airport Center completes logistics services such as cargo consolidation, aviation security inspection, and cargo handling in a "one-stop" manner in accordance with Hong Kong Airport's (香港机场) air cargo security standards. "One inspection, full passage" allows goods from the Greater Bay Area (大湾区) to "directly enjoy" the convenience of Hong Kong Airport (香港机场). Each fulfilling its responsibilities and demonstrating its capabilities, clearing the blockages in policies, laws, and services, makes the foundation for win-win cooperation more solid.
More and more institutional innovation "experimental fields" are opening up new paths for Chinese goods to "bravely" enter the global market. The launch of Hainan Free Trade Port's (海南自贸港) multi-functional free trade account makes cross-border capital flows smoother; the Xiamen (厦门) Area of the Fujian Free Trade Pilot Zone (福建自贸试验区) has launched an international trade "single window," greatly shortening the time for cargo declaration and release; supporting enterprises to strengthen the construction and operation of overseas warehouses, and promoting cross-border e-commerce from "goods going overseas" to "supply chain going overseas"... Adhering to the unity of reform and opening up, steadily expanding institutional opening up, aligning with international high-standard economic and trade rules, stabilizing foreign trade with more confidence, and promoting opening up with more motivation.
Today, a large number of high-end goods manufactured in the Bay Area can be exported to the port for loading and export in a "one-stop" manner, seamlessly connecting from the "factory door" to the "cabin door," allowing export enterprises to gain the initiative and win the advantage. By paying attention to standard alignment and platform construction, as well as focusing on reform and policy coordination, pioneers of higher-level reform and opening up will continue to emerge, driving the formation of a new pattern of higher-level reform and opening up.
(The author is a reporter from this newspaper's Guangdong Branch (广东分社))
Return to TopNational marine aquatic product output increased by 4.5% year-on-year; offshore crude oil and natural gas production increased by 1.7% and 13.8% year-on-year, respectively; and the newly added grid-connected capacity of offshore wind power increased by 41.6% year-on-year; the marine tourism industry achieved an added value of 384.2 billion yuan, an increase of 7.5% year-on-year... In the first quarter of 2025, China's marine economy showed a new and positive development trend, becoming an important engine for high-quality development.
This is precisely:
Cultivating the sea and asking for grain towards the deep blue,
Not asking about fairy mountains, but opening up gold mountains.
The fishermen's songs have not stopped, and new businesses are rising,
The tide is surging and the wind is strong, it is good to set sail.
By Ge Wen (歌文)
Return to TopDear readers, this page's "Everyone's Talk," "Heartwarming News and Hot Reviews," "China Road China Dream," "Incoming Commentary," and other columns are open for submissions for a long time. We welcome your contributions. Please do not submit the same article to multiple publications.
This page's email address: rmbpl@peopledaily.cn (Please indicate the column name in your submission)
Return to TopBy: 王 毅
The Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum will be held in Beijing (北京) on May 13. This is an important meeting held on the tenth anniversary of the official operation of the China-CELAC Forum. As the host country, China warmly welcomes friends from member states of the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States and regional organizations in Latin America, and looks forward to working with all parties to jointly discuss development and revitalization and jointly build a China-Latin America community with a shared future.
I.
In July 2014, when President Xi Jinping (习近平) attended the China-Latin America and Caribbean States Leaders' Meeting in Brasilia, he issued a major initiative to build a China-Latin America community with a shared future, and jointly decided with Latin American leaders to establish the China-CELAC Forum, declaring the political consensus between China and Latin America to promote overall cooperation. In January 2015, the first Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum was successfully held in Beijing (北京), marking the transformation of the overall cooperation platform covering all 33 independent countries in China, Latin America, and the Caribbean from concept to reality.
Over the past decade, under the strategic guidance of head-of-state diplomacy, China and Latin America have adhered to the principles of equal treatment, mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation goals, flexible and pragmatic cooperation methods, and an open and inclusive spirit of cooperation, promoting the vigorous development of the China-CELAC Forum, with overall cooperation and bilateral cooperation working together to lead China-Latin America relations to accelerate.
The foundation of mutual trust has become more solid. The two sides firmly take care of each other's core interests and major concerns, and firmly support each other in safeguarding sovereignty and territorial integrity. Panama (巴拿马), the Dominican Republic (多米尼加), El Salvador (萨尔瓦多), Nicaragua (尼加拉瓜), and Honduras (洪都拉斯) have successively established or resumed diplomatic relations with China, and the one-China principle has become the consensus of more and more countries in the region. To date, China has established different types of partnerships with 16 countries in the region. Among them, a community with a shared future has been established with Cuba (古巴), and the relationship with Brazil (巴西) has been defined as "building a China-Brazil community with a shared future for a more just world and a more sustainable planet," and the "gold content" of China-Latin America relations continues to increase.
Cooperation results have become more fruitful. Regional countries generally support the "Global Development Initiative," and more than 20 countries have strengthened the alignment of development strategies with China under the "Belt and Road" cooperation framework. In 2024, China-Latin America trade reached a historic US$518.4 billion, doubling from a decade ago, and China has remained Latin America and the Caribbean's second-largest trading partner for many years. China has implemented more than 200 infrastructure projects in the region, landed numerous production capacity cooperation projects, and provided millions of jobs. China has carried out livelihood assistance projects in all countries with which it has diplomatic relations, and Chinese-funded enterprises have actively fulfilled their social responsibilities, effectively promoting the local industrialization process and economic and social development, and creating a mutually beneficial and win-win "China-Latin America model."
Civilization exchanges have become more in-depth. The Latin American side generally recognizes the "Global Civilization Initiative," and the China-Latin America Civilization Dialogue Forum has been successfully held for seven sessions. China has provided a total of 17,000 government scholarships and 13,000 training opportunities in China to Latin America, signed 26 cooperation documents in the field of education with 19 countries in the region, and has 68 Confucius Institutes or Confucius Classrooms in 26 countries in the region. Many countries in the region have designated the Spring Festival as a statutory holiday. China has also implemented a 240-hour transit visa-free policy for many Latin American countries, and China-Latin America cultural exchanges are becoming increasingly close, and the mutual understanding and goodwill of the people continue to increase.
Multilateral collaboration has become closer. The two sides firmly safeguard the international system with the United Nations as the core, adhere to multilateralism based on coordination and cooperation, resolutely oppose interference in other countries' internal affairs, and oppose hegemonism and power politics. China and Latin America maintain close communication on platforms such as the United Nations, the G20, APEC, and BRICS, promote the reform of the global governance system, and safeguard the common interests of developing countries. China and Brazil (巴西) jointly issued a "six-point consensus" to promote a political settlement of the Ukraine crisis and launched the "Group of Friends of Peace" on the United Nations platform, which has received widespread support from the international community.
Overall cooperation has become more three-dimensional. The China-CELAC Forum has established mechanisms such as ministerial meetings, the China-CELAC "Quad" Foreign Ministers' Dialogue, and national coordinator meetings, and has successfully held more than 100 events to date, including three ministerial meetings and 31 sub-forums in various fields, building the main channel for China-Latin America overall cooperation. The National People's Congress of China has become a permanent observer of the Central American Parliament, China has become an observer country of the Latin American Social Science Council, and maintains close contact with the Latin American Parliament and sub-regional organizations such as Mercosur, the Pacific Alliance, the Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas, and the Caribbean Community, providing broader support and multiple driving forces for the development of China-Latin America relations.
II.
Chinese people often say, 鉴往知来 (jiàn wǎng zhī lái - "learn from the past to understand the future," to understand the present and future by reflecting on the past). Latin America also has a famous saying, "History is the prophet who looks back on the past." Looking at the development of the China-CELAC Forum and China-Latin America relations over the past decade with a broader vision and a longer-term perspective is conducive to us seeing the general trend, strengthening our confidence, and jointly moving towards the future. The fruitful results achieved in China-Latin America relations in the past decade tell us:
China-Latin America cooperation is an inevitable choice to conform to the general trend of world development. The collective rise of the "Global South" has become a clear sign of the great changes in the world. China and Latin America are both important members of the "Global South." Strengthening cooperation between China and Latin America, issuing a strong voice of unity and self-reliance in the "Global South," conforms to the general trend of multipolar development, not only injects new connotations into the development of China-Latin America relations, but also makes new contributions to promoting the development of the international order in a more fair and just direction.
China-Latin America cooperation is an inevitable choice to achieve world modernization. The sum of the land area of China and Latin America accounts for one-fifth of the total land area of the world, the sum of the population accounts for one-quarter of the total world population, and the economic aggregate accounts for one-quarter of the total world economy. They are the countries and regions with the greatest growth potential and development vitality. China and Latin America unite and cooperate to create a trans-Pacific super market with a population of 2 billion, which will provide inexhaustible impetus for the respective development and revitalization of China and Latin America, and provide confidence and strength for China and Latin America to fear no blackmail or suppression.
China-Latin America cooperation is an inevitable choice to safeguard human fairness and justice. China advocates consultation, joint construction, and sharing, which forms a sharp contrast with hegemonic and bullying acts. China's investment in Latin America and the Caribbean region does not attach any political conditions, meets the needs of Latin America, and "empowers" Latin America's development. On the other hand, the actions of individual major countries in the Latin American region only bring "negative energy." It is clear at a glance who is a reliable friend of Latin American and Caribbean countries and who is a partner that can cooperate for a long time.
China-Latin America cooperation is an inevitable choice to pursue a shared future. China and Latin America support each other's struggles against imperialism and colonialism and for national liberation, support each other's exploration of development paths that conform to their respective national conditions, and mutually transmit development momentum through deepening cooperation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, China and Latin America helped each other with all their strength. History and facts have repeatedly proved that building a China-Latin America community with a shared future is a sincere two-way effort and a concrete action.
III.
At present, the international situation is intertwined with changes and chaos, the cause of peace and development is facing challenges, the basic concept of international cooperation is being eroded, and the uncertain and unstable factors in the international environment are increasing. In particular, individual major countries pursue "national priority" and attempt to seize the development achievements of China, Latin America, and other "Global South" countries, delaying or even interrupting the modernization process of China and Latin America. Modernization is the legitimate right of the people of all countries, not the private patent of a few countries. Reversing the course of history is unpopular, and hegemonic power has no future. Faced with risks and challenges, China and Latin America should stand on the right side of history, stand on the side of fairness and justice, safeguard their respective development achievements, continue to work together on the road to modernization, and promote the building of a China-Latin America community with a shared future.
We must defend independence and autonomy. Without autonomy, development is out of the question, and development achievements are difficult to sustain. Latin American and Caribbean countries have proposed not only to obtain political sovereignty and independence, but also to achieve true independence in economy, culture, and other aspects. China deeply agrees with this and is willing to work with Latin America to continue to firmly support each other in exploring development paths that conform to their respective national conditions, oppose all forms of interference in internal affairs, and promote the democratization of international relations.
We must maintain peace and security. China is the only major country that has enshrined adherence to the path of peaceful development in its constitution, and the CELAC summit has repeatedly reaffirmed Latin America and the Caribbean as a "zone of peace." As an international force for peace, China and Latin America should practice a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept, support the peaceful settlement of disputes, oppose building one's own security on the basis of the insecurity of other countries, oppose the use of force or the threat of force, and oppose the generalization of the concept of security.
We must achieve development and revitalization. Achieving modernization is the common ideal and pursuit of the people of China and Latin America. The two sides should deepen the alignment of development strategies, strengthen top-level planning, and mutually transmit development momentum. We must weave a dense network of connectivity, improve the level of trade and investment facilitation, and cultivate a large China-Latin America market. We must deepen production capacity cooperation, jointly maintain the stability of the industrial chain and supply chain, increase cooperation in high-precision and cutting-edge new fields and talent cultivation, and jointly achieve leapfrog development. China will also implement more "small and beautiful" livelihood projects to improve the sense of gain for ordinary people.
We must adhere to multilateralism. Multilateralism is an important cornerstone of the post-war international order. China and Latin America should practice true multilateralism, firmly safeguard the international system with the United Nations as the core and the international order based on international law, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of developing countries. We will jointly oppose unilateralism and safeguard the multilateral trading system with the World Trade Organization as the core. We will jointly advocate an equal and orderly world multipolarization and an inclusive and beneficial economic globalization, and inject more stability and positive energy into world development.
We must deepen unity and cooperation. CELAC is committed to realizing the vision of "the great unity of the people of Latin America and the Caribbean." The CELAC Havana Summit adopted the "Special Declaration on Supporting the Establishment of the China-CELAC Forum." The China-CELAC Forum carries the friendly feelings of both sides, and it is necessary to promote the better development of the China-CELAC Forum and provide more impetus for China-Latin America relations and the integration of the Latin American and Caribbean region.
There is a Latin American proverb that says, "United arms are invincible." There is also an old Chinese saying, 众人划桨开大船 (zhòng rén huá jiǎng kāi dà chuán - "many people rowing, the boat sails far," collective effort achieves great things). Let us take the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum as an opportunity to gather the development aspirations, cooperative hearts, and friendly feelings of China and Latin America, and promote the construction of a China-Latin America community with a shared future to achieve more new results!
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), May 12th. Recently, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央) and the State Council (国务院) issued the "Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection" (《生态环境保护督察工作条例》) (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations") and issued a notice requiring all regions and departments to earnestly comply with and implement them.
The notice pointed out that the "Regulations" are guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想), fully implement Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization (习近平生态文明思想), summarize the theoretical and practical experience of ecological and environmental protection inspections in the new era, and further improve the system and mechanism of ecological and environmental protection inspections. They are of great significance for adhering to and strengthening the Party's comprehensive leadership over ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection, deeply promoting ecological and environmental protection inspections, and comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China.
The notice requires all regions and departments to earnestly study and implement the "Regulations," do a good job in publicity and interpretation, and ensure that the various provisions of the "Regulations" are implemented. It is necessary to further consolidate the political responsibility for building a beautiful China, firmly grasp the "ox nose" of the ecological and environmental protection responsibility system, strengthen the awareness of the overall situation, maintain a strict tone, dare to **动真碰硬** (dòng zhēn pèng yìng - "take real action and tackle tough issues," to confront problems head-on), continuously discover problems, earnestly solve problems, and improve the execution of the Party Central Committee's decisions and deployments on ecological civilization construction. Important situations and suggestions from all regions and departments in the implementation of the "Regulations" should be reported to the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) in a timely manner.
The full text of the "Regulations" is as follows.
Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection
(Reviewed and approved by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局会议) on March 31, 2025; issued by the CPC Central Committee (中共中央) and the State Council (国务院) on April 28, 2025)
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the Constitution of the Communist Party of China (《中国共产党章程》) in order to adhere to and strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership over ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection, and to deeply promote ecological and environmental protection inspection work.
Article 2 Ecological and environmental protection inspection work shall adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想), fully implement Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization (习近平生态文明思想), deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments," strengthen the "four consciousnesses," strengthen the "four confidences," and achieve the "two safeguards," fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, firmly establish and practice the concept that green mountains and clear waters are golden mountains and silver mountains, give full play to the sword-like role of ecological and environmental protection inspection, adhere to discovering problems and solving problems, strengthen inspection rectification and the application of results, adhere to supporting high-quality development with high-level protection, deepen the reform of the ecological civilization system, enhance the modernization level of the ecological environment governance system and governance capacity, comprehensively promote the construction of a beautiful China, and promote the realization of modernization in which humans and nature coexist harmoniously.
Article 3 Ecological and environmental protection inspection work shall follow the following principles:
(1) Adhere to and strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership and grasp the political direction;
(2) Adhere to being people-centered and firmly establish the purpose consciousness;
(3) Adhere to serving the overall situation and establish a systematic concept;
(4) Adhere to problem orientation and a strict tone, and dare to **动真碰硬** (dòng zhēn pèng yìng - "take real action and tackle tough issues," to confront problems head-on);
(5) Adhere to regulations and laws, and achieve accuracy, science, objectivity, and fairness.
Chapter II Organization, Leadership, and Institutional Responsibilities
Article 4 Under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee (党中央), a two-level ecological and environmental protection inspection system shall be implemented at the central and provincial (autonomous region, municipality) levels.
The central ecological and environmental protection inspection shall conduct comprehensive inspections of the Party committees and governments of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), relevant departments of the State Council (国务院), and relevant central enterprises in fulfilling their responsibilities for ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection.
The ecological and environmental protection inspection of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) is an extension and supplement to the central ecological and environmental protection inspection, and shall organize and carry out inspections of the Party committees and governments of cities and prefectures within their administrative regions, relevant departments of the provincial government, and relevant provincial enterprises.
Article 5 A leading group for central ecological and environmental protection inspection work shall be established to carry out work under the leadership of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) and its Standing Committee.
Article 6 The leading group for central ecological and environmental protection inspection work is responsible for coordinating, guiding, and supervising the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work. Its main responsibilities are:
(1) To study and implement Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization (习近平生态文明思想), implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) on comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China and strengthening ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection, and study and deploy central ecological and environmental protection inspection work;
(2) To report to the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) on the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work and other relevant situations;
(3) To study and discuss central ecological and environmental protection inspection system norms, plans, inspection reports, etc.;
(4) To listen to reports from the leading group office on relevant work;
(5) To study and discuss other important matters in the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work;
(6) To handle other matters assigned by the Party Central Committee (党中央).
Article 7 The office of the leading group for central ecological and environmental protection inspection work shall be located in the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部), and shall be responsible for the daily work of the leading group and undertake the organization and implementation of the central ecological and environmental protection inspection.
Article 8 According to the arrangements for the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work, and with the approval of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院), a central ecological and environmental protection inspection team shall be formed.
The central ecological and environmental protection inspection team shall have a leader and deputy leader, and the specific candidates shall be determined and authorized according to each inspection task. The leader shall be a current or recently retired leader at the provincial or ministerial level. A pool of candidates for the leader shall be established and managed by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部) in consultation with the office of the leading group for central ecological and environmental protection inspection work. The candidates for the leader and deputy leader shall undergo review procedures by the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部).
The inspection team shall study, discuss, and decide on major matters in accordance with the principle of democratic centralism. The leader shall be fully responsible for the work of the inspection team, and the deputy leader shall assist the leader in carrying out the work.
Article 9 The responsibilities of the central ecological and environmental protection inspection team are:
(1) To carry out inspections under the leadership of the leading group for central ecological and environmental protection inspection work in accordance with the deployments and requirements of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院);
(2) To report the inspection situation to the leading group for central ecological and environmental protection inspection work and put forward opinions and suggestions;
(3) To organize the formation of typical cases, lists of clues to ecological environment damage liability investigation issues, and case files, and to draft inspection reports;
(4) To provide feedback on inspection opinions to the inspected objects and participate in promoting inspection rectification and the application of results;
(5) To educate, manage, and supervise the cadres of the inspection team;
(6) To handle other matters assigned by the leading group for central ecological and environmental protection inspection work.
Article 10 Relevant departments of the central and state organs shall support the central ecological and environmental protection inspection work and assist in doing a good job in relevant work.
Article 11 The Party committees and governments of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) shall organize and carry out ecological and environmental protection inspection work in their administrative regions, strengthen overall coordination, and urge relevant departments and units to grasp the implementation of relevant work.
Article 12 According to the arrangements for the ecological and environmental protection inspection work of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), and with the approval of the Party committees and governments of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), a provincial ecological and environmental protection inspection team shall be formed.
Chapter III Inspection Objects and Contents
Article 13 The objects of the central ecological and environmental protection inspection include:
(1) The Party committees and governments of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities);
(2) The Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部) and relevant departments of the State Council (国务院) that undertake important ecological and environmental protection responsibilities;
(3) Relevant central enterprises whose production and operation activities have a significant impact on the ecological environment;
(4) Other units that the Party Central Committee (党中央) requires to be inspected.
Article 14 The main contents of the central ecological and environmental protection inspection include:
(1) The study and implementation of Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization (习近平生态文明思想), and the implementation of the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) on ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection;
(2) The implementation of ecological environmental protection Party regulations, laws and regulations, policies and systems, standards and norms, plans, and major reform tasks;
(3) The promotion and implementation of the "Party and government with the same responsibility" and "one post with dual responsibilities" for ecological environmental protection;
(4) The implementation of ecological environmental protection requirements in the implementation of major regional strategies;
(5) Work on environmental pollution prevention and control, green transformation of development methods, ecological protection and restoration, and promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the construction of a beautiful China;
(6) Rectification of problems found in the central ecological and environmental protection inspection feedback and the construction of long-term mechanisms;
(7) Prominent ecological and environmental problems that the people strongly reflect and their handling;
(8) Other ecological and environmental protection matters that need to be inspected.
Article 15 The objects of the ecological and environmental protection inspection of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) are the Party committees and governments of cities and prefectures within their administrative regions, provincial ecological environment departments, relevant departments of the provincial government, and relevant provincial enterprises. The main contents of the inspection include:
(1) The study and implementation of Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization (习近平生态文明思想), and the implementation of the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) on ecological civilization construction and ecological environmental protection;
(2) Rectification of problems found in the central ecological and environmental protection inspection and the provincial ecological and environmental protection inspection feedback;
(3) The implementation of the ecological environmental protection work requirements and responsibility implementation of the Party committees and governments of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities);
(4) Key river basins, regions, fields, industries, and prominent ecological and environmental problems and their handling within the administrative region;
(5) Letters and visits from the people reporting ecological environment problems and their handling;
(6) Other ecological and environmental protection matters that need to be inspected.
Chapter IV Working Procedures and Methods
Article 16 The central and provincial (autonomous region, municipality) ecological and environmental protection inspections take the form of routine inspections, "look back" inspections, special inspections, and ecological environment warning films.
The central ecological and environmental protection inspection implements planning and management. Within a term of the Central Committee of the Party (党的中央委员会), routine inspections shall be carried out to cover all Party committees and governments of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities), and routine inspections shall be carried out for relevant departments of the State Council (国务院) and relevant central enterprises. In view of the implementation of ecological environmental protection requirements in the implementation of major regional strategies, combined with routine inspections, river basin inspections and provincial inspections shall be promoted in a coordinated manner. "Look back" inspections shall be organized on the rectification of inspections as appropriate.
The central ecological and environmental protection special inspections and ecological environment warning films focus on key river basins, regions, fields, industries, and prominent ecological environment problems to promote normalized supervision.
Article 17 The central and provincial (autonomous region, municipality) ecological and environmental protection inspections generally include procedures and links such as inspection preparation, inspection entry, inspection report, and inspection feedback.
Article 18 In the inspection preparation stage, centralized investigation of problem clues shall be organized as needed, and relevant departments and units shall be consulted to understand the relevant situations and problem clues of the inspected objects.
Article 19 During the routine inspection entry period, the inspection team shall mainly adopt the following methods to carry out work:
(1) Listening to work reports and relevant special reports from the inspected objects;
(2) Conducting individual interviews with the main responsible comrades of the Party and government of the inspected objects and other relevant responsible comrades;
(3) Accepting letters and visits from the people regarding ecological environmental protection;
(4) Consulting and copying relevant documents, archives, and other materials;
(5) Conducting visits and inquiries to relevant places, departments, units, and individuals of the inspected objects;
(6) Holding symposiums and attending relevant meetings of the inspected objects;
(7) Going down to relevant places, departments, and units of the inspected objects to conduct unannounced visits and inspections;
(8) Conducting investigations and collecting evidence on problem clues, and may order relevant places, departments, units, and individuals to make written explanations on relevant issues;
(9) Conducting spot checks and return visits on the rectification of problems reported by the people;
(10) In view of the prominent problems found in the inspection, the relevant Party and government leading cadres may be interviewed or talked to as appropriate;
(11) Other necessary inspection work methods.
Inspection "look back," special inspections, ecological environment warning films, etc., shall take corresponding work methods as needed.
Article 20 During the routine inspection period, typical cases shall be formed for the prominent ecological environment problems found in the inspection and shall be publicly released after being reported and approved according to procedures.
Article 21 After the inspection entry is over, the inspection team shall form an inspection report, truthfully report the important situations and problems found in the inspection, and put forward opinions and suggestions; special reports may be formed on the prominent problems existing in the handling of relevant important instructions, the major situations found in the inspection, and the comprehensive situation of river basin inspections. The inspection team shall make a problem draft for the problems reflected in the inspection report, special report, etc.
The inspection team shall establish an independent review team to conduct an independent review of the inspection report.
The inspection report shall exchange opinions with the inspected objects in an appropriate manner and shall be reported for approval according to procedures. The central ecological and environmental protection inspection report shall be reported to the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) for approval after being studied and discussed by the office of the leading group for central ecological and environmental protection inspection work and then reported to the meeting of the leading group for central ecological and environmental protection inspection work.
Article 22 After the inspection report is approved, the inspection team shall promptly provide feedback to the inspected objects, point out the problems found in the inspection, and put forward inspection rectification opinions.
Inspection "look back," special inspections, and ecological environment warning films shall report and approve relevant situations and problems to the inspected objects after being reported and approved according to procedures.
Article 23 In the inspection work, opinions from relevant departments shall be solicited as needed on the policies, regulations, and their application involved. Relevant departments shall put forward clear and clear opinions in accordance with laws and regulations, in a timely and objective manner.
Article 24 The inspected objects shall do a good job in investigating and handling the ecological environment problems reported by the people during the inspection entry period and other problems assigned by the inspection team, and establish and improve the long-term mechanism for problem rectification and supervision and guarantee to ensure that the relevant problems are investigated and dealt with in place and resolved in place.
Article 25 The specific work arrangements for the inspection, the situation of rectification while inspecting, typical cases of relevant prominent problems, the main contents of the inspection report, the main contents of the inspection rectification plan, the main contents of the inspection rectification situation, the relevant situation of inspection accountability, etc., shall be disclosed to the public in accordance with relevant requirements to respond to social concerns and accept the supervision of the people.
Chapter V Inspection Rectification
Article 26 The inspected objects are the responsible subjects for inspection rectification, and the main responsible comrades are the first responsible persons for inspection rectification.
Article 27 After receiving the inspection feedback opinions, the inspected objects shall organize the preparation of an inspection rectification plan, and clarify the rectification implementation subject, rectification goal, rectification time limit, key measures, and acceptance unit for each inspection feedback problem.
The inspection rectification plan shall be reported to the Party Central Committee (党中央), the State Council (国务院), or the Party committees and governments of provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) for approval within the prescribed time limit before implementation.
Article 28 The inspected objects shall grasp the implementation of rectification work in accordance with the requirements of the inspection rectification plan. For rectification tasks that can be rectified immediately, the construction period shall be reversed and accelerated; for long-term rectification tasks, they shall be promoted in an orderly manner according to the stage goals and time nodes; for rectification tasks of historical legacy problems, ecological environment risks and social risks shall be effectively prevented and controlled, and they shall be promoted steadily.
The inspected objects shall accept and cancel the completed inspection rectification tasks.
Article 29 The objects of inspection shall, as required, submit reports on the rectification of inspection issues to the Party Central Committee, the State Council, or the Party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. After all inspection and rectification tasks are completed, they shall report the overall rectification situation to the Party Central Committee, the State Council, or the Party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Information on the rectification of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection shall be submitted to the Leading Group for Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组).
Article 30 A ledger shall be established for inspection and rectification work, and list-based management shall be implemented. The office of the Leading Group for Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组办公室) and the relevant working bodies for ecological and environmental protection inspection in provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall regularly schedule the progress of inspection and rectification work at their respective levels, and organize daily follow-up, and strengthen spot checks.
For those who fail to rectify effectively, measures such as notification, supervision, interviews, and special inspections shall be taken as appropriate. For those with outstanding rectification results, positive cases shall be formed in a timely manner and publicized to give play to the role of encouraging the advanced, exchanging work, and leading and driving.
Chapter VI Application of Inspection Results
Article 31 Establish a mechanism for transferring clues to accountability for ecological and environmental damage under the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection (中央生态环境保护督察). For important ecological and environmental problems and dereliction of duty discovered during the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection and rectification, the inspection team shall form a list of clues and case files regarding accountability for ecological and environmental damage, and transfer them to the inspected objects, and at the same time, transfer them to the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关), the Organization Department of the Central Committee (中央组织部), and the Party Committee of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (国务院国资委党委) in accordance with relevant authority, procedures, and requirements.
Accountability shall be organized seriously, accurately, and effectively in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law. The work plan for accountability for ecological and environmental damage transferred by the inspection shall be included as a separate part of the inspection and rectification plan, and the accountability situation shall be reported together with the inspection and rectification situation.
The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关) and the Organization Department of the Central Committee (中央组织部) shall supervise and guide the discipline inspection and supervision organs and organization (personnel) departments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government to carry out accountability work, supervise the handling of key accountability issues, and prevent ineffective accountability or generalization and simplification of accountability. Those who abuse accountability or are seriously irresponsible in accountability work, causing adverse effects, shall be held accountable.
Article 32 The Organization Department of the Central Committee (中央组织部) shall, in accordance with the limits of cadre management authority, use the inspection results and relevant information on inspection and rectification work as an important basis for the assessment, evaluation, selection and appointment, management and supervision, and commendation and reward of Party and government leading bodies and relevant leading cadres, and strengthen the application of inspection results in cadre management work.
Article 33 If ecological and environmental damage compensation work needs to be carried out as a result of the inspection, it shall be transferred to the governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government for claims and recovery in accordance with relevant regulations; if public interest litigation needs to be filed, it shall be transferred to the procuratorial organs and other authorized organs for handling in accordance with the law.
If violations of discipline, law, or crimes are suspected as a result of the inspection, they shall be transferred to the discipline inspection and supervision organs or judicial organs for handling in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law.
Article 34 Provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall strengthen the application of inspection results in light of actual conditions, and hold accountable in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law for important ecological and environmental problems and dereliction of duty discovered during inspection and rectification.
Chapter VII Team Building and Disciplinary Responsibilities
Article 35 The Leading Group for Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组) and the leading mechanisms for ecological and environmental protection inspection in provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall strengthen the overall planning for the construction of the inspection cadre team, establish and improve relevant systems and mechanisms in combination with the characteristics of inspection work, strengthen inspection support and capacity building, strengthen the application of new technologies, build a high-quality and professional cadre team adapted to the inspection tasks, strengthen standardized management, and increase education and training, rotation and exchange efforts.
Article 36 Members of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team (中央生态环境保护督察组) shall be mainly composed of personnel from regional inspection agencies affiliated to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部), and personnel from relevant departments of central and state organs, relevant agencies for ecological and environmental supervision and management of river basins, and relevant experts shall participate in the inspection as needed, and an inspection talent pool and expert pool shall be established.
Members of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team (中央生态环境保护督察组) shall meet the following conditions:
(1) Have firm ideals and beliefs, be loyal to the Party, and maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core in ideology, politics, and action;
(2) Adhere to principles, dare to take responsibility, handle affairs in accordance with regulations and laws, be fair and upright, and be honest and clean;
(3) Model compliance with Party discipline and national laws, and strictly abide by Party and state secrets;
(4) Be familiar with relevant Party regulations, laws and regulations, and policy systems, have professional knowledge to perform inspection duties and strong abilities in discovering problems, communication and coordination, and written synthesis;
(5) Have the physical condition and psychological quality to perform their duties normally.
When transferring personnel to participate in inspection work, the political, moral, ability, work style, and integrity qualifications shall be strictly controlled in accordance with the above conditions.
Personnel who are not suitable for inspection work shall be adjusted in a timely manner.
Article 37 Ecological and environmental protection inspection shall strictly enforce political discipline and political rules, strictly implement the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定) and its implementation rules and the "Several Provisions on Rectifying Formalism to Reduce the Burden on the Grassroots," resolutely oppose formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism, and extravagance, and strictly implement various integrity regulations.
During the inspection period, the systems and regulations such as democratic centralism, reporting of major matters for instructions, recusal, and confidentiality shall be strictly implemented. The inspection team shall not interfere with the normal work of the inspected objects, shall not deal with the specific problems of the inspected objects, and shall not make requests to the inspected objects that are unrelated to the inspection work.
Article 38 During the inspection period, the inspection team shall establish a temporary Party branch in accordance with relevant regulations, implement the requirements of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, implement the "one post, two responsibilities" (一岗双责), consciously accept supervision from all parties, and carry out inspection work in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law.
Any unit or individual has the right to report or accuse the inspection team and its members of violations of regulations, discipline, and law.
Article 39 Relevant departments and units that fail to assist or support ecological and environmental protection inspection in accordance with regulations, causing serious consequences, shall be held accountable in accordance with relevant regulations.
Article 40 If a member of the inspection team has any of the following circumstances, depending on the severity of the circumstances, he/she shall be given criticism and education, ordered to make a check, admonished, given organizational handling, or Party disciplinary or administrative sanctions in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the law:
(1) Failing to carry out inspection in accordance with work requirements, resulting in the failure to discover important ecological and environmental problems that should have been discovered;
(2) Failing to truthfully report the inspection situation, concealing, distorting, or fabricating facts;
(3) Disclosing unpublished information such as state secrets, work secrets, and trade secrets related to inspection work;
(4) Exceeding authority or failing to carry out inspection work in accordance with prescribed procedures, causing adverse consequences;
(5) Using the convenience of inspection work to seek personal gain or seek improper benefits for others;
(6) Other behaviors that violate inspection work discipline.
Article 41 The inspected objects shall consciously accept ecological and environmental protection inspection and actively cooperate with inspection work. If an inspected object has any of the following circumstances, depending on the severity of the circumstances, the Party and government leading body, relevant departments (units), the main responsible person of the enterprise, or other relevant responsible persons shall be given criticism and education, ordered to make a check, admonished, given organizational handling, or Party disciplinary or administrative sanctions in accordance with regulations, discipline, and law; if a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the law:
(1) Intentionally providing false information, concealing, distorting, or fabricating facts;
(2) Refusing or intentionally failing to provide relevant documents and materials to the inspection team as required;
(3) Instructing or forcing relevant units or personnel to interfere with or obstruct inspection work;
(4) Refusing to cooperate with on-site inspections or investigations and evidence collection;
(5) Failing to organize and lead the rectification of inspection issues effectively, failing to implement the requirements for rectification of inspection issues, perfunctorily responding, or falsely rectifying;
(6) Threatening, attacking, retaliating against, or framing cadres and the masses who report the situation;
(7) Responding to inspections by adopting a **一刀切** (yī dāo qiē - "one-size-fits-all," a simplistic and often inappropriate approach) approach such as centralized suspension of work and production when usually inactive;
(8) Other circumstances that interfere with inspection work.
Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 42 Local Party committees and governments at the prefecture and city level and below shall strengthen supervision of the ecological and environmental protection work of lower-level Party committees and governments and their relevant departments in accordance with regulations and laws.
Article 43 The office of the Leading Group for Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组办公室) shall be responsible for interpreting these regulations.
Article 44 These regulations shall come into force on the date of promulgation. The "Regulations on Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work" issued by the General Office of the Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council (中央办公厅、国务院办公厅) on June 6, 2019, shall be repealed at the same time.
(Related reports on page 10)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 马跃峰 程 焕
In early summer, as the spring tea harvests in various parts of Guizhou (贵州) gradually come to an end, the tea gardens in Luoxiang Village (骆象村), Nuxi Town (怒溪镇), Jiangkou County (江口县), Tongren City (铜仁市) are a hive of activity, with tea farmers busy harvesting the verdant fresh leaves.
"Aren't you afraid you won't be able to sell it if you only start picking after the season?"
Yang Maohua (杨茂华), a large tea grower, remained calm and composed: "No rush. Let the tea leaves grow 7 centimeters more under the shade nets. Mechanically harvest them, remove the stems and veins, and grind them at low temperatures, and they become the raw tea, Tencha, for making matcha."
Last year, his Tencha production line produced 11 tons of tea, with a net profit of more than 500,000 yuan. This year, Yang Maohua invested another 1.98 million yuan to install a second production line.
Choosing to make Tencha not only avoids the highly competitive spring tea market, but also solves the problem of difficulty in finding labor and high labor costs during the tea picking season. However, what Yang Maohua values most is, "I don't have to worry about sales at all. The Tencha is sold directly to Guicha Group (贵茶集团) and enters the deep processing stage."
In March of this year, when Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, inspected Guizhou (贵州), he emphasized: "We must develop modern mountainous characteristic and efficient agriculture in accordance with local conditions, and cultivate characteristic leading industries with lasting market competitiveness."
The matcha industry is a characteristic leading industry that Jiangkou County (江口县) is focusing on cultivating. Jiangkou County (江口县) is located at the foot of Mount Fanjing (梵净山), with unique tea-growing conditions and a tea garden area of nearly 160,000 mu. The local government is adapting to the new trends of healthy and fashionable consumption, recognizing the huge market potential of new tea drinks, baking, and other industries, and is making every effort to enter the matcha market.
Leading enterprises are leading the way, and the industry is moving towards scale.
Jiangkou County (江口县) introduced Guicha Group (贵茶集团) to build four advanced refined production lines and an industrial park covering an area of 340 mu. The upstream links 10 large-scale enterprises, 100 Tencha processing plants, 1,000 family farms, and nearly 100,000 tea farmers. The downstream is negotiating cooperation with milk tea shops, coffee shops, and dessert shops in many parts of the country, and is also exploring international markets.
"We have built a 'Matcha Super Factory' in Jiangkou (江口)." Meng Zude (蒙祖德), chairman of Guicha Group (贵茶集团), introduced, "In 2024, our matcha production will exceed 1,200 tons, with an output value of 302 million yuan, and our products are exported to more than 40 countries and regions."
Promote scientific planting and improve quality from the source.
"The county selects and sends scientific and technological personnel to visit homes and fields to provide all-round guidance on tea varieties, soil quality, pruning, and water and fertilizer management." Chen Min (陈敏), director of the Jiangkou County (江口县) Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, introduced.
Jiangkou County (江口县) is also promoting the transformation of tea fields in a step-by-step manner, and has cumulatively transformed 30,000 mu of matcha raw material bases, and plans to transform 60,000 mu in the future.
Improve the connection of interests and bring prosperity to more villagers.
"Poor people who participate in the transformation will receive a subsidy of 500 yuan per mu of tea garden; family farms with more than 5 mu will receive a reward of 20,000 yuan from the county after passing the acceptance." Que Conghan (阙从汗), secretary of the Party branch of Luoxiang Village (骆象村), enumerated the preferential policies.
Luoxiang Village (骆象村) has developed 5 Tencha enterprises, and the per capita income of villagers has increased from more than 7,000 yuan in 2018 to 16,500 yuan last year.
Matcha has made a name for itself and has also boosted emerging business formats.
After visiting Mount Fanjing (梵净山), it is comfortable and pleasant to drink a newly prepared matcha, taste a piece of matcha truffle pastry, and take a box of matcha palmiers.
Deng Yinghong (邓应红), who runs a matcha shop on "Fanhua Street (梵花街)", a cultural and tourism experience street in the county seat, attaches great importance to product innovation and has developed new products such as matcha rice wine and noodles.
"During the peak season, two to three hundred people enter the store every day, with monthly sales of more than 300,000 yuan. The county is developing more immersive agricultural, cultural, and tourism experience projects, and business will get better and better." Deng Yinghong (邓应红) is full of expectations.
"We will further consolidate the foundation, vigorously attract investment, and promote the integrated development of industrial revitalization, county strengthening, and people's prosperity." Cao Yong (曹勇), deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Tongren Municipal People's Congress and secretary of the Jiangkou County (江口县) Party Committee, said.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 郁静娴 董泽扬
Around the time of the Start of Summer, the spring sowing of crops such as corn and rice enters its peak season. Recently, a batch of seeds "certified to work" have appeared in agricultural supply stores across various regions, attracting many growers to inquire and purchase them. These seeds are the first batch of certified seeds with the "China Seed Certification" logo printed on their packaging.
Seed certification is an internationally recognized high-quality seed evaluation system, known as the "letter of credit" for good seeds and the "health certificate" for seed companies. How are good seeds certified? What are the benefits? How to choose and buy? The reporter conducted interviews and research.
How to Certify
Conduct field inspections, and control production, processing, packaging, and other links
At the Kenfeng Seed Industry Nanfan Center in Sanya (三亚市), Hainan (海南) Province, a field inspection of seeds is underway.
Soybean plants are arranged in rows, and two groups of inspectors in work clothes enter the identification field, observing the planting number markers inserted on each ridge.
"Using number markers is for encryption, just like hiding the examinee's information when grading papers, to prevent inspectors from knowing the seed's company affiliation in advance, which would affect the identification results," said Hu Xiping (胡喜平), a researcher at Beidahuang Kenfeng Seed Industry Co., Ltd. (北大荒垦丰种业股份有限公司), who is responsible for the planting management of the plots. This identification involves a total of 30 samples, focusing on the authenticity and purity of the varieties.
The two groups of inspectors are conducting field inspections, sometimes bending down and sometimes standing up, carefully observing and recording the characteristics of plant leaf shape, flower color, and other features, judging the typical consistency of seed plants in terms of morphological traits. "For this plant, just looking at the flower color is not enough, you also need to look at the fluff color," the inspectors exchanged and reminded each other.
"Morphological traits are important characteristics indicating the purity of seed varieties," said Liu Guangyang (刘广阳), a researcher at the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (黑龙江省农业科学院) and a soybean expert. "Inspectors have to find differences in each ridge of the field, see how many plants in an area grow differently from others, and then calculate the proportion to get the seed variety purity detection value."
A few hours later, the two groups of inspectors will conduct cross-validation. If there is a significant error, the entire group of inspectors will form a review group to ensure the accuracy of the identification conclusion.
Field inspection is one of the links in seed certification. "Seed certification is technically strong, and it must be done in a linked manner to ensure that the final produced seeds meet high standards," said Yi Hongmei (易红梅), head of Beijing Jingnongke Testing and Certification Co., Ltd. (北京京农科检测认证有限公司). Before seed production, it is necessary to ensure the quality of the parent seeds from the source; during the seedling stage, it is necessary to control the production conditions of the seed production field, the impact of the previous crop, and the isolation situation; during the flowering stage, flowering inspection is carried out to ensure that the female parent of the hybrid seed is emasculated in a timely and thorough manner, and the hybrid plants in the seed field are removed cleanly, which is the most critical link to ensure the genetic purity of the seeds; during harvesting and processing, it is necessary to do a good job of preventing mixing; during packaging, the quality of each batch of seeds should also be inspected in accordance with relevant standards.
Yi Hongmei (易红梅) introduced that seed companies can voluntarily submit applications to seed certification agencies. As independent third parties, Beijing Jingnongke (北京京农科) and Changsha Huazhi (长沙华智), the two seed certification agencies, will monitor the entire process of seed parent quality, production, processing, and packaging according to technical specifications, to ensure that the good seeds "certified to work" are worthy of their name.
What are the Benefits
The average level of germination rate and variety purity has been significantly improved
How much benefit can good seeds bring to the market?
"Germination rate and variety purity are important indicators of seed quality," said Zhang Ye (张晔), Party Secretary of the National Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center (全国农业技术推广服务中心). The germination rate and variety purity of certified corn, soybean, rice, and other crop seeds have been significantly improved. Among them, the two indicators of certified corn seeds are 4 percentage points and 1.5 percentage points higher than the single-grain sowing standard, respectively; the two indicators of certified hybrid rice seeds are 8.6 percentage points and 2.9 percentage points higher than the national standard, respectively.
Zhang Peng (张朋), the head of Wangjing Zhangguang Agricultural Materials Management Department (王井张广农资经营部) in Shenzhou (深州市), Hebei (河北) Province, has a real feeling about this: "When growers buy seeds, they focus on the germination rate and variety purity. The higher the value, the more seedlings can emerge from the seeds and the fewer hybrid plants there will be. If the seeds are mixed with other varieties, they will grow unevenly, causing losses."
Good varieties transformed into good seeds are expected to bring a good harvest. According to calculations, an increase of 1 percentage point in seed germination rate can increase yield by 1 percentage point; an increase of 1 percentage point in variety purity can increase hybrid seed yield by 0.5 to 2 percentage points. For cash crops, the use of certified seeds is also conducive to maintaining the consistency of product quality, thereby improving economic benefits.
Relying on the seed certification system also helps to establish trust relationships and achieve a win-win situation for seed producers, growers, and seed companies. Taking Beijing Lianchuang Seed Industry Co., Ltd. (北京联创种业有限公司) as an example, currently about 9.57 million kilograms of corn seeds of three varieties, including Zhongkeyu 505D (中科玉505D), have passed certification. Liu Bang (刘榜), the company's marketing director, introduced: "Under strict full-process quality control, the quality of seeds has been improved. Seed producers who cooperate with us can increase their income by 220 yuan per mu."
Kuang Xinhua (匡新华), deputy general manager of Hunan Yahua Seed Industry Co., Ltd. (湖南亚华种业有限公司), calculated an account: "The company's 74,000 kilograms of Zhen Liangyou 8612 (臻两优8612) rice seeds have passed certification, and it is estimated that the average yield per mu will increase by about 60 jin, and the income of growers will increase by about 80 yuan." Peng Xubing (彭绪冰), general manager of Hubei Kangnong Seed Industry Co., Ltd. (湖北康农种业股份有限公司), also said that the average germination rate and purity of the company's approximately 1.54 million kilograms of Kangnongyu 8009 (康农玉8009) certified corn seeds have reached 98%, "Each bag of seeds can be sold for 5 yuan more, but it is still in short supply. This is a positive incentive for us to build our brand and enhance our reputation."
It is understood that seed certification is a mechanism of "selecting the best from the best." In fact, according to relevant regulations, ordinary non-certified seeds must also meet the minimum quality threshold before they can enter the market. At the end of last year, three newly revised mandatory seed quality standards were released, appropriately increasing the quality indicators such as germination rate and variety purity of some crop seeds, standardizing the labeling and production requirements of seed labels and instructions for use, and will be officially implemented from October this year.
Quality standards "raise the bottom line" and seed certification "raise the high line" work together to promote the transformation and upgrading of the seed industry and are expected to further improve the quality and safety level of China's seed sources. Since the implementation of the seed certification system, the first batch of 35 varieties and 27 seed companies have been awarded certificates, and currently more than 50 million kilograms of certified seeds have been launched on the market, which is expected to drive an increase in production of hundreds of millions of jin.
How to Choose and Buy
Choose suitable varieties and recognize the "China Seed Certification" logo
From the establishment of the seed certification system to the launch of the first batch of certified seeds, it took about one and a half years.
In August 2023, the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局) and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部) jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Carrying out Crop Seed Certification Work," marking the official establishment of the nationally unified crop seed certification system. Since then, with the successive issuance of supporting documents such as the first batch of seed certification catalogs, implementation rules, and technical specifications, the first two seed certification agencies obtained corresponding qualifications, and the first batch of seed certification inspectors obtained registration qualifications, the seed certification system was implemented last year. After a round of growth cycles and certification processes, the first batch of certified seeds officially entered the market in March this year.
Currently, certified seeds have been put into agricultural supply stores in various places and have begun to be sold. Those with the "China Seed Certification" logo and the name of the seed certification agency on the packaging are certified seeds.
"The company's 75,000 kilograms of Mengdou 375 (蒙豆375) soybean seeds that have passed certification are mainly sold to major soybean producing areas such as Heihe (黑河市), Qiqihar (齐齐哈尔市) in Heilongjiang (黑龙江) Province, and Hulunbuir (呼伦贝尔市) in Inner Mongolia (内蒙古)," said Lu Yangang (卢艳钢), general manager of Dongnong Seed Industry Co., Ltd. (东农种业有限责任公司) in Wudalianchi (五大连池市), Heilongjiang (黑龙江) Province. Certified seeds are a new thing, and detailed explanations will be given during sales. From the on-site situation, many growers have recognized them.
"Suitable varieties, plus certified seeds, are the guarantee of a bumper harvest," said Zhang Ye (张晔). Farmers should not only choose regular stores and recognize the "China Seed Certification" logo on the packaging when selecting seeds, but also pay attention to selecting varieties suitable for planting in their region, so that they can truly give full play to the high-quality and high-yield potential of certified seeds.
The launch of the first batch of certified seeds is a sign that China's seed certification system has blossomed and borne fruit, and the high-quality development of the seed industry has entered a new stage.
Zhao Jiuran (赵久然), chief scientist of the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (北京市农林科学院) and leader of the Corn Expert Guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部玉米专家指导组), said that China has now fully implemented a new round of action to increase grain production capacity by 100 billion jin. With the in-depth promotion of the seed certification system and the popularization of certified seed applications, the increased production of grain, oil, and other important crops will have more seed source support, and agricultural production will be more guaranteed.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李 纵
In the R&D laboratory of Haoyikang Biotechnology (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. (好易康生物科技（广州）有限公司) on Guangzhou International Bio Island (广州国际生物岛), Guangdong (广东), technicians are busy. "This independently developed oral care product is about to be launched," said Li Yanhua (黎燕华), deputy general manager of the company. "Last year, we saved 320,000 yuan in rent, which allowed us to invest more funds in the research and development and production of new products."
Reducing the burden on private enterprises and boosting innovation. Since last year, Guangzhou International Bio Island (广州国际生物岛) has twice reduced the rent for enterprises in the park, reducing the monthly burden by more than 6 million yuan, benefiting approximately 180 enterprises.
In addition to rent reduction, the adjustment of the property management fee collection model has also provided benefits to enterprises. In November last year, the park adjusted the property management fee to a "basic service + value-added service" charging model, allowing enterprises to choose value-added services such as equipment maintenance and technical docking as needed. "After the implementation of the new model, the 'fixed package' has become a 'free combination', and the reduction in basic property service fees ranges from 39% to 55%," said Zeng Wei (曾玮), chairman of Guangzhou International Bio Island Group Co., Ltd. (广州国际生物岛集团有限公司).
Guangzhou Ruipai Medical Device Co., Ltd. (广州瑞派医疗器械有限责任公司) has been rooted in Guangzhou International Bio Island (广州国际生物岛) for nearly 10 years and has its own engineering department. Faced with the new model, the company chose to cancel facility repair and maintenance services in the newly signed property contract. The adjustment of property management fees, along with the reduction in rent, can save more than 600,000 yuan a year.
Focusing on the needs of enterprises, Guangzhou International Bio Island (广州国际生物岛) has also introduced resources such as drug and device review service windows, contract research organizations, and clinical trial platforms to provide "one-stop" services. "Enterprises can complete the entire process from research and development to market launch 'without leaving the island'," said Li Jing (黎静), general manager of Guangzhou Ruipai Medical Device Co., Ltd. (广州瑞派医疗器械有限责任公司). Thanks to this, the company's new endoscope has significantly saved time to market.
Promoting the high-quality development of the private economy with practical measures, policies are continuously upgraded. In March this year, Guangzhou Development Zone (广州开发区) issued several measures on creating a "three cities and one island" industrial growth pole to accelerate the development of new quality productive forces, implementing the "Park Partner" action to address the problems faced by enterprises such as high rents, expensive housing, and difficulty in obtaining land. In terms of rent reduction, accelerate the construction of an industrial guaranteed housing system and carry out reforms and explorations such as rent-for-equity; in terms of housing purchase, encourage parks to transfer office and factory buildings through methods such as property division to help enterprises put into production and expand production; in terms of land acquisition, establish a "land direct train" system to allow enterprises to easily obtain land and operate with peace of mind...
Both reducing costs and nurturing the ecosystem. Guangzhou Development Zone (广州开发区) has built a support system covering the entire life cycle of enterprises. The 5 billion yuan science and technology innovation mother fund focuses on "investing early, investing in small businesses, investing long-term, and investing in hard technology", leveraging 9.2 billion yuan of social capital, and has invested in 271 science and technology innovation enterprises and cultivated 29 listed enterprises.
Policy dividends continue to be released, and innovative achievements are accelerating. As of March this year, the output value of the biomedical industry in Guangzhou Development Zone (广州开发区) exceeded 200 billion yuan, gathering more than 3,000 enterprises, of which national high-tech enterprises accounted for 60%.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 刘温馨
May 12th is the 17th National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day. This year's theme is "Everyone Talks About Safety, Everyone Knows Emergency Response - Investigating Disaster Risks Around Us." May 12th to 18th is the Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Publicity Week. In recent days, various regions and relevant departments have earnestly implemented the deployment of the National Disaster Prevention, Mitigation and Relief Commission Office (国家防灾减灾救灾委员会办公室) and organized a variety of disaster prevention and mitigation activities.
Real combat drills to improve emergency response capabilities. The Sichuan Provincial Forest Fire Brigade (四川省森林消防总队) and the Provincial Earthquake Administration (省地震局) dispatched affiliated detachments to conduct drills in the Anning River Earthquake Zone (安宁河地震带); Fujian held the "Min'an-2025" earthquake emergency comprehensive drill; Chongqing organized earthquake emergency drills in schools, with more than 5,000 teachers and students participating; Gansu organized the "Qilian Lifeng·2025" earthquake relief and disaster relief actual combat exercise... All regions and departments are close to actual combat, organizing drills and exercises, running-in mechanisms, and testing teams to effectively improve disaster emergency response capabilities.
Carry out activities to enhance the whole society's awareness of disaster prevention. The Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部) released an emergency science IP image to make safety publicity and emergency science more three-dimensional, vivid and interesting; the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) coordinated telecommunications operators to send public welfare text messages with the theme of National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day; the Social Affairs Management Coordination Group Office of the Central National Government Organs (中央国家机关社会事务管理协调小组办公室) issued a notice to organize the departments of the Central National Government Organs and relevant units stationed in Beijing (北京) to investigate disaster risks in organs and units, and focus on carrying out popular science education activities on disaster prevention and mitigation... All regions and departments pay attention to innovation, and widely carry out special lectures, simulation experiences, exhibitions and other activities from multiple angles and in a three-dimensional manner.
Popular science publicity to build a people's defense line for disaster prevention and mitigation. Tianjin (天津) carried out children's perspective real-life adventure-style popular science, integrating disaster prevention, mitigation and safety knowledge into pass-through check-in and real-life interactive exhibition activities; Xinjiang (新疆) established a mobile science museum and organized disaster prevention and mitigation reading sharing sessions; Shanghai (上海) released a public version of the natural disaster risk and disaster prevention and avoidance tips map for grassroots units... All regions and departments took multiple measures, and some national disaster prevention and mitigation education halls and science and technology museums also carried out museum-school linkage activities to carry out disaster prevention and mitigation publicity and education for children and adolescents, and actively create a good atmosphere for national participation.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on May 12th (Reporter Bai Jianfeng (白剑峰) and Shen Shaotie (申少铁)) May 12th is International Nurses Day. The International Committee of the Red Cross announced the list of winners of the 50th Nightingale Medal. A total of 35 nurses from 17 countries won the Nightingale Medal. After evaluation and recommendation by the Red Cross Society of China (中国红十字会), 7 nursing workers in China (我国) won this honor, the largest number. This year's theme for Nurses Day in China (我国) is "Caring for the Nursing Team and Protecting People's Health." At present, the total number of registered nurses in China (我国) is nearly 6 million.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's (我国) nursing work has developed healthily and achieved obvious results. The nursing team continues to grow. In recent years, the number of registered nurses nationwide has increased year by year at an average annual rate of about 8%, and the nursing team has continued to expand. By increasing the intensity of nurse on-the-job training, the level of professional nursing services has steadily improved. Nursing services continue to be optimized. China (我国) has further promoted nursing work to be closer to patients, closer to clinical practice, and closer to society by strengthening nursing work in medical institutions and implementing action plans to improve nursing services. The connotation and extension of nursing have been expanded. China (我国) has extended nursing services from inside hospitals to outside hospitals by implementing actions to improve elderly care, expanding the coverage of "Internet + nursing services," and promoting the development of elderly home care services, providing the public with elderly care, chronic disease management, rehabilitation guidance, palliative care and other nursing services. A total of more than 4,000 medical institutions provide the public with 7 types of more than 60 on-site nursing service projects.
The National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) requires that local health and health administrative departments and medical institutions take measures to earnestly care for the nursing team, and protect nurses' legitimate rights and interests such as wages, benefits, social insurance, health protection, and occupational safety in accordance with laws and regulations, and reduce the burden on front-line clinical nurses.
Return to TopBy: 程 晨
May 12th is International Nurses Day. Many places organize various activities for nurses, including free clinics, skills competitions, cultural performances, and sports events. Many netizens raise a soul-searching question: "Do nurses not feel tired having to participate in these activities on their holiday?"
The reason everyone cares and discusses this is out of respect and consideration for the nursing profession. Nursing work is already hard, and nurses often work shifts, overtime, and have their days and nights reversed. When Nurses Day arrives, organizing these extra activities, will it take up the nurses' rest time, or disrupt the schedule, and increase the burden on everyone?
Of course, the starting point for carrying out various activities is mostly well-intentioned: to liven things up, add a sense of ritual to Nurses Day, allow the nursing profession to receive more attention and recognition, and at the same time, interact cordially with the public and enhance friendship. If nurses have the time and interest and are happy to participate, then there is even less to criticize.
However, netizens' concerns are not superfluous. In reality, it cannot be ruled out that a considerable number of nurses are hoping to take a breather during the holiday. Organizing activities and doing free clinics may be more tiring than going to work. That's not caring, but rather annoying.
This year, the theme of China's (中国) Nurses Day is "Caring for the Nursing Team, Safeguarding People's Health." True care and concern must respect the nurses' own wishes, start from their actual needs, and give emotional value that warms their hearts. Celebrating the holiday does not necessarily require organizing time-consuming, energy-consuming, and costly activities. Sending a greeting or a flower may be more appropriate and more motivating.
Throughout the year, Nurses Day is just this one day. As long as normal scheduling and manpower are guaranteed, there is no need to make a big show of doing free clinics and talking about dedication just this once. There is no need to make a fuss and engage in formalistic performances. When celebrating the holiday, we don't ask nurses to be happier, but at least don't make it busier or more burdensome than usual. Just like when celebrating Mother's Day, everyone jokes, "Being less annoying to your mother is better than anything else." The same principle applies to Nurses Day: less hassle, don't let Nurses Day become "Nurses' Tribulation."
Care and concern are important in the ordinary course of events. Pay more attention to the usual times, pay more attention to the details, design the schedule more scientifically and reasonably, use technical means and management means to optimize the work process, and reduce the physical and mental burden. In addition, further improve wages and benefits, and smooth the upward channels, fully giving a sense of gain and happiness... These solid and practical daily measures are the best love and respect for the nursing profession.
On Nurses Day, why not let more nurses hear a simple and sincere saying: "You've worked hard, take a rest!"
Return to TopSince the beginning of this year, Guangxi has launched a tourism year campaign, introduced a series of policies to promote consumption, vigorously attracting tourists and effectively stimulating market vitality. The picture shows on May 11, the flowers in the Qiushi Garden of Qingxiu Mountain Scenic Area (青秀山风景区) in Nanning (南宁) are in full bloom, attracting citizens and tourists to visit and admire.
Photo by Zeng Xiangzhong (曾祥忠) (Image China)
Return to TopThis newspaper Fuzhou (福州) May 12th (Reporters Zhong Ziwei (钟自炜) and Liu Xiaoyu (刘晓宇)) The Fujian Provincial Department of Commerce (福建省商务厅) and the Provincial Department of Finance (省财政厅) jointly issued "Several Measures to Promote the High-Quality Development of the First-Launch Economy," supporting the creation of a high ground for gathering first launches, first shows, first exhibitions, and first stores of domestic and foreign brands, as well as an incubator for original brands.
It is reported that the provincial-level special fund for business development will allocate 20 million yuan to support various localities in Fujian (福建) in carrying out first launches, first shows, and first exhibitions on a regular basis, focusing on geographical indication products, famous, special, and high-quality products, time-honored brands, regional public brands, and domestic products with Chinese trends, to create new consumption scenarios; support local enterprises in the province to open and upgrade in consumption agglomeration areas inside and outside the province, and create exhibition centers with a certain scale and influence, and provide a maximum funding reward of no more than 1 million yuan for eligible projects; cultivate urban commercial first-launch economic undertaking carriers, actively promote business districts, pedestrian streets, large shopping malls, and convenient living circles to carry out retail innovation and upgrading projects, create a number of characteristic retail innovation consumption scenarios, and promote the high-quality development of retail formats.
Return to TopBy: 中共浙江省委宣传部
Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, pointed out: "Both material affluence and spiritual enrichment are the lofty pursuits of Chinese-style modernization." Strengthening grassroots cultural construction and narrowing the cultural gap between urban and rural areas are key to achieving common prosperity in spiritual life. The "Decision" of the 20th Third Plenary Session of the Communist Party of China proposed "establishing a mechanism for high-quality cultural resources to directly reach the grassroots." Zhejiang (浙江) shoulders the glorious mission of building a demonstration zone for high-quality development and common prosperity. In 2024, it innovatively implemented the cultural special commissioner system, systematically selecting the first batch of more than 1,570 outstanding cultural talents to be stationed in townships (streets) and paired with villages (communities) to carry out cultural construction assistance, comprehensively embedding them in the grassroots cultural field, and establishing a smooth channel for high-quality cultural resources to directly reach the grassroots. This is a solid measure to implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on culture and the important requirements of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平).
The cultural special commissioner system focuses on the organic combination of "external promotion to stimulate internal growth" and "internal linkage to promote external introduction," emphasizing an "integrative" perspective to achieve comprehensive, efficient, and coordinated application of various resources. It takes the lead in solving the problem of unbalanced and insufficient supply of high-quality cultural resources in urban and rural areas, realizes the endogenous development of rural cultural construction through the introduction of external resources, reconstructs the supply and demand structure of grassroots cultural services in a precise cultural empowerment model, activates rural cultural productivity through the flexible infiltration of mainstream values, and deeply cultivates cultural strength for the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside and the realization of common prosperity.
Taking reform and innovation as the driving force, promote high-quality cultural resources directly to the grassroots.
As a new force to open up the "last mile" of high-quality cultural resources directly to the grassroots, cultural special commissioners always adhere to satisfying the diverse, multi-level, and multi-faceted spiritual and cultural needs of the people as the starting point and foothold of grassroots cultural construction. Through problem presentation, interest connection, and conscription mobilization, they gather and integrate diversified and fragmented high-quality cultural resources, innovatively open up channels for delivery to the grassroots, and inject new impetus into the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside.
Adhere to "external introduction and internal cultivation" to stimulate internal cultural vitality in rural areas with external high-quality cultural resources. The rapid economic development of Zhejiang (浙江) has promoted the continuous improvement of farmers' material living standards, and at the same time, there is an urgent need for cultural supply and services that match it. The endogenous development of rural cultural construction focuses on the capacity building and participation of local villagers, and through the interactive cycle of internal members and external forces, a rural cultural development model of mutual promotion and co-existence is constructed. The cultural special commissioner system takes the input of external high-quality cultural resources as an opportunity, and selects outstanding cultural talents who have worked in the cultural field for many years and have rich practical experience, such as cadres of propaganda and ideological culture organs, media reporters, staff of literary and art troupes, university teachers, and urban and rural planners, to serve as cultural special commissioners. Through activities, platform construction, training and guidance, etc., the cultural resources of the stationed areas and the initiative of the main body of rural cultural construction are effectively activated, and efforts are made to build a good rural cultural ecology, promote the common prosperity of people's spiritual life at a broader social level, and promote the mutual promotion and mutual benefit of cultural talent construction and comprehensive rural revitalization.
Develop a "cultural economy" and empower grassroots economic and social development with high-quality cultural industries. Culture is not only a spiritual phenomenon, but also a powerful spiritual force that can affect economic and social development. The coordinated progress of culture and economy can realize the transformation of cultural stock into economic increment and cultural resources into economic driving force. Developing a "cultural economy" in the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside aims to realize the linkage of rural cultural revitalization with rural industrial revitalization and social development. Cultural special commissioners contribute to promoting the integration of economy into humanities and the infiltration of humanities into economy, and realizing the symbiosis and co-prosperity of the two by exploring and integrating cultural resources, systematically cultivating cultural talents, and improving and optimizing the cultural environment, vigorously developing rural cultural industries with public welfare and inclusiveness, promoting the transformation of rural areas from cultural resource holders to the main body of cultural productivity development, and helping rural cadres and the masses to jointly pursue "affluence" in material and spiritual terms. Up to now, cultural special commissioners have helped stationed areas increase their income by more than 190 million yuan through cultural tourism planning, cultural and creative product sales, etc. At the same time, cultural special commissioners actively participate in promoting civilized rural customs, good family traditions, and simple folk customs, empower rural autonomy, rule of law, and rule of virtue through culture, improve villagers' participation in public cultural activities through cultural soft governance forms such as mutual assistance and collective rituals, and effectively improve the modernization level of grassroots governance.
Help "sharing and common prosperity" and narrow the gap in regional cultural development with reasonable allocation of resources. In September 2023, when Xi Jinping (习近平) inspected Zhejiang (浙江), he clearly required Zhejiang (浙江) to "take the lead in demonstrating in promoting common prosperity," emphasizing "taking narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, regional gaps, and income gaps as the main direction." Promoting the common prosperity of people's spiritual life and meeting people's spiritual and cultural needs, an important aspect is to solve the problem of imbalance in public cultural services between urban and rural areas and between regions. On the one hand, Zhejiang (浙江) combines the progress of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" project, classifies and grades townships (streets) and villages (communities) according to their economic and cultural conditions, and customizes and allocates cultural special commissioner resources according to their needs; on the other hand, it guides more high-quality cultural resources to be tilted towards remote areas such as mountainous areas and islands, and increases efforts in project support, capital investment, and talent support. By participating in local development through external forces, it helps to narrow the gap in regional cultural development, effectively improves the accessibility and equalization of basic public cultural services, further opens up the "last mile" of public cultural services, and allows high-quality cultural resources to directly reach the doorsteps of the masses.
Invigorate with institutional reform and reshape the ecological adaptation of cultural supply and demand.
At present, the cultural needs of grassroots people show differentiated and diversified characteristics. To achieve accurate connection between cultural needs and supply, it is necessary to promote standardized implementation with global and long-term institutional embedding, promote the endogenous development of rural cultural construction, and promote the effective integration of various resources. Focusing on establishing and improving the system of high-quality cultural resources directly reaching the grassroots, Zhejiang (浙江) has built a full-chain work system covering personnel selection, responsibility definition, service management and control, and evaluation and incentive, adhering to the concept of system to improve the effectiveness of grassroots cultural services, and transforming the work of cultural special commissioners from empirical exploration to standardized governance, providing an institutional model for solving the dilemma of grassroots cultural services.
Clarify the "list of powers and responsibilities" and build a standardized "special" and "dispatch" system. In order to avoid the blindness and extensive tendency of the selection process, Zhejiang (浙江) clearly specifies detailed rules such as "what kind of people to select," "what to do after dispatching," and "how to manage and guarantee" in the relevant implementation opinions, answering the basic questions of high-quality cultural resources directly reaching the grassroots. "Special" requires cultural special commissioners to focus on the main business of publicity and culture, focusing on guiding one administrative village, pairing with one new era civilization practice station or rural cultural auditorium, and undertaking the responsibilities and tasks of disseminating the party's innovative theories, guiding grassroots cultural activities, and supporting cultural industries within the scope of the stationed township (street) and village (community), fully covering the realistic needs of rural cultural construction. "Dispatch" refers to the fact that cultural special commissioners neither leave their original jobs during the two-year service cycle, but also achieve about 100 days of on-site service every year, and go to the grassroots for guidance and service at least once a month, effectively meeting the dual demands of professional resource sinking and administrative cost control in a flexible allocation manner.
Focus on "long-term drive" and integrate management services. The implementation of the cultural special commissioner system has long-term and continuous characteristics, and it is necessary to reserve corresponding autonomous supply space under the mechanism norms coupled by management and service, and strengthen the incentive and restraint of relevant subjects. Zhejiang (浙江) has issued the "Implementation Opinions on the Work of Cultural Special Commissioners," compiled the "Reference Guide for the Work of Cultural Special Commissioners," and created a digital work platform including the "Service Library," "Project Library," and "Expert Library," using the "order-style," "menu-style," and "reservation-style" cultural service mechanisms to promote the wide participation of social forces. At the same time, the work of cultural special commissioners has built a grid-based and hierarchical service management matrix of "provincial overall planning, municipal guidance, county (city, district) responsibility, and township (street) implementation," and established a "mid-term evaluation and full-term evaluation" full-process evaluation mechanism to promote the closed-loop implementation of projects. In addition, the innovative establishment of the Zhejiang (浙江) Cultural Special Commissioner Home as a practical exchange carrier, and the establishment of a three-level cultural special commissioner working group, promote resource sharing, creative linkage, and project collaboration through regular meetings, creating a scientific and standardized work operation system of "theoretical discussion, experience sharing, and practical feedback."
Taking project implementation as support, build a solid foundation for rural cultural undertakings.
Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out in "Zhejiang (浙江) New Words": "In comparison, in the construction of two civilizations, material civilization construction is more practical, and spiritual civilization construction is more virtual," emphasizing that "work must combine the virtual and the real, especially the virtual work must be done in a solid manner." Grasping cultural projects is an important manifestation of doing virtual work in a solid manner. The cultural special commissioner system focuses on realizing cultural benefits for the people with greater efforts, and runs through the requirements of doing virtual work in a solid manner. It uses the "project system" to open up channels for resources to go to the countryside, transforms external resources into cultural public goods supply suitable for local needs, and strengthens multi-party collaboration in the form of project-based management, effectively solving deep structural contradictions such as the fragmentation of grassroots cultural service supply and the lag in demand response, and providing an innovative solution with both institutional rigidity and practical flexibility for making up for the shortcomings in the grassroots cultural field.
Focus on "urgent, difficult, and worrying problems" and respond to the actual demands of the masses in a timely manner. Grassroots cultural construction has thousands of threads, and grasping the key points and difficulties can effectively respond to the demands of the masses, protect citizens' cultural rights, and achieve "shooting at the target." Rural cultural development should pay special attention to the needs of local people, and enhance villagers' sense of ownership through various means, so that they can enjoy decision-making power, control power, and income rights in rural cultural development. On the basis of doing a good job in basic cultural services, each special commissioner conducts in-depth research, understands the cultural needs of the masses and grassroots suggestions in a hierarchical and classified manner, and jointly plans and launches key cultural projects with the dispatching unit and the stationed village (community). Cultural special commissioners create cultural carriers that are close to reality, close to the masses, and close to life in a way that villagers can see and touch, actively responding to the strong demand of the countryside for high-quality and diversified culture, the urgent need to promote the integration of culture and tourism to promote rural industrial development, and the higher expectations for exploring, refining, and promoting regional excellent culture, and continuously and steadily providing cultural services and construction support for the countryside.
Highlight "adapting to local conditions" and promote the construction of characteristic cultural projects. As the saying goes, customs vary every hundred miles, and customs vary every ten miles. Rural cultural revitalization should also respect reality, adapt to local conditions, implement policies according to different categories, and show the characteristic style of "a thousand villages with a thousand faces." The construction of various cultural projects promoted by cultural special commissioners at the provincial, municipal, and county levels covers different categories such as protecting cultural heritage, guiding the construction of rural civilization, enriching cultural services, creating cultural brands, and strengthening cultural industries, deeply exploring rural resource endowments, revitalizing various development resources in rural areas, and fully reflecting the local characteristics and innovative orientation of grassroots cultural construction under the rural revitalization strategy. For example, the "Cultural Activation of Xitou Village Cultural Tourism Industry Integration" project in Xitou Village (溪头村), Longquan City (龙泉市), the "Dayu Village (大余村) Big Study" project in Anji County (安吉县), and the "Yuren (羽人) Dragon Boat Race" dragon boat culture brand project in Yinzhou District (鄞州区), Ningbo City (宁波市), not only retain the personality and soul of local culture, but also show the values and aesthetics of the new era. The cultural special commissioner system takes cultural projects as the starting point, and judges heroes based on project results, truly achieving the goals of dispatching talents, bringing funds, sending projects, and benefiting the people, and striving to create a people's livelihood project that is felt by the grassroots and benefits the masses.
Aggregate strength with all-round collaboration and build a highland for cultural talent co-construction.
Talent is the first resource. In the process of comprehensive rural revitalization, the process of building a cultural talent team is also the process of integrating internal forces in rural areas. The cultural special commissioner system follows the principle of "government-led, social participation, downward focus, co-construction and sharing" of public cultural services, reconstructs the rural social relationship network, helps local forces integrate and develop, respects the main position of the people, and pays attention to effectively integrating scattered talent resources, identifying value co-creation subjects with superimposed effects, and promoting the construction of rural cultural teams to move towards "group operations" in the context of resource balance and resource-driven innovation.
Focus on "sending and combining planting" to cultivate an endogenous rural cultural ecology. Rural cultural revitalization, "sending culture" is external assistance, and "planting culture" is internal drive. The cultural special commissioner system adheres to the people-centered development thought, adheres to the working idea of "serving a village, improving a town, and driving the cultivation of a team," combines meeting cultural needs with releasing cultural creativity, takes "sending" as the main focus, implies "planting" in "sending," and combines "sending" and "planting" to promote the transformation of the cultural supply model from one-way "delivery" to active participation. The system uses the cultivation of villagers, returning youth, and new entrepreneurs' cultural literacy and knowledge system to connect scattered villagers with the relationship network of rural familiar society, actively excavates and cultivates grassroots cultural talents through organizational absorption, model driving, and other methods, advocates all villagers to jointly participate in the practice of spiritual and cultural production, fully stimulates the main consciousness and cultural innovation and creativity of the broad masses of farmers in the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, enables them to establish a spiritual community on the basis of cultural identity, and plays a cultural connection role at a deeper level, becoming the main force for rural cultural prosperity and comprehensive social progress, and then cultivating a cultural ecology of co-construction and sharing.
Focus on "leading by example" and guide the grassroots cultural talent team to pool their wisdom and efforts. Cultural special commissioners are not only active promoters of grassroots characteristic cultural activities, but also liaisons for rural cultural construction. Cultural special commissioners in various places fully mobilize and give play to the main forces such as township (street) propaganda committee members, cultural station directors, science and technology special commissioners, rural instructors, local professional cultural talents in rural areas, and even local people's congress representatives and CPPCC members, gather rural social capital, promote complementary advantages, pool their wisdom and efforts, deeply explore the cultural connotation of rural areas, and jointly promote grassroots cultural construction. Cultural special commissioners and science and technology special commissioners conduct industrial guidance, training, driving, and innovation support for villagers from the perspective of cultural and technological integration, vigorously expand agricultural, cultural, and tourism projects, and effectively promote the integrated development of rural culture and rural industries. At present, Zhejiang (浙江) has cumulatively established nearly 4,000 grassroots cultural teams, further consolidating the foundation for rural cultural prosperity and prosperity.
Focus on "gathering talents and attracting intelligence" to help promote the cross-regional flow of talent elements. Promoting the endogenous development of rural cultural construction requires the formation of a new pattern of interaction and dynamic coordination of multiple forces. The cultural special commissioner system is not an action mechanism of isolated individuals, but a network of actors that is organically linked based on the dispatching unit. On the one hand, the selection method of cultural special commissioners focuses on two-way selection, that is, the cultural special commissioner's expertise, intentions, etc. are first selected in both directions with the stationed village, and then organizational deployment is carried out to achieve matching people and villages and precise connection. On the other hand, provincial-level organs, provincial-level propaganda and ideological culture units, universities, and other dispatching units participate in rural cultural development-related projects through external empowerment, and systematically embed their respective cultural products, cultural talents, and cultural communication channels and other high-quality cultural resources into the grassroots through cultural special commissioners, further realizing the "precise customization" of cultural services, helping to efficiently allocate grassroots cultural resources, and promoting the improvement of rural internal organizational capabilities. As cultural special commissioners with special resource integration capabilities and cultural and creative planning capabilities, they gather new forces for rural cultural construction in cooperation and progress, providing important support for sending high-quality cultural resources to the "last mile" of the grassroots and improving the spiritual and cultural life of the people.
Return to TopBy: 任 祥
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "No matter what level our country develops to, no matter how much the people's lives improve, the spirit of hard work and thrift must never be abandoned." Hard work and thrift are the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation and one of the key factors why the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) has been able to withstand tests and remain true to its original aspiration. Extravagance and indulgence will corrupt the Party's (党) conduct and political integrity, damage the Party's (党) flesh-and-blood ties with the people, and seriously shake the Party's (党) foundation for governance.
From March 17 to 18 this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made clear requirements for the whole Party (党) to carry out in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定) during his inspection in Guizhou (贵州): "We must adhere to grasping Party (党) spirit, Party (党) conduct, and Party (党) discipline together, and integrate rectifying conduct, enforcing discipline, and fighting corruption, and constantly grasp the work of eradicating the soil and conditions for breeding corruption." The style of extravagance is often closely related to corruption and has tenacity, long-term nature, and complexity. We must maintain the "tenacity" of not slackening for a moment, solidly carry out in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定), promote the continuous rectification of the style of extravagance, and maintain the revolutionary character of hard work and thrift.
Looking back at the wise men of the past, countries and families succeed through diligence and thrift, and fail through extravagance. Looking at the rise and fall of dynasties in China (中国) over thousands of years, there are those who have secured the country through prudence and thrift, and there are also examples of those who indulged in extravagance and pleasure, leading to the demise of their regimes. Reviewing the Party's (党) century-old history of struggle, from Comrade Mao Zedong's (毛泽东) emphasis on "we must ensure that comrades continue to maintain the style of hard work" to General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) proposal to "unremittingly correct the 'Four Winds'," our Party (党) has always carried forward hard work and thrift as the Party's (党) fine traditions and continuously endowed them with new connotations of the times.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的十八大), the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has started by formulating and issuing the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定), starting with "small openings" such as grasping mooncakes, greeting cards, and fireworks, curbing some extravagant practices that were once considered impossible to curb, overcoming some common stubborn maladies, making the good customs of valuing thrift and rejecting extravagance the common pursuit of the entire Party (党) and the whole society, and winning the hearts of the Party (党) and the people with the Party's (党) actions of establishing credibility in the new era, profoundly changing China (中国).
The ancients said: "Thrift leads to few desires, and a gentleman with few desires is not enslaved by things, and can act in a straightforward manner... Extravagance leads to many desires, and a gentleman with many desires is greedy for wealth and honor, and perverts the way to speed up disaster." Extravagance and indulgence seem to be just small matters of personal cultivation, but they are closely related to the rise and fall of families and even the prosperity and decline of the country. History and practice fully prove that thrift leads to frugality, and frugality leads to integrity; extravagance and waste are the beginning of greed and the end of corruption and degeneration, and are the soil and hotbed for breeding corruption. From the actual situation, hedonism and the style of extravagance are generally followed by more serious problems. The style of extravagance is often intertwined with corruption, and many cadres who have been investigated and dealt with for corruption and degeneration mostly started with personal problems such as being fond of comparison, emphasizing ostentation, comparing wealth, and seeking pleasure. After neglecting small things and losing sight of small details, it will gradually develop into "waste on the tip of the tongue, corruption on wheels, and unhealthy trends in clubs," and eventually embark on the path of corruption and perversion of justice, which is an extremely profound lesson.
The current and future period is a critical period for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. Although we have bid farewell to the hard days of lacking food and clothing and material scarcity, the basic national conditions that our country is still in and will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time have not changed, and our country's international status as the largest developing country in the world has not changed. The Central Economic Work Conference (中央经济工作会议) in 2024 and this year's "Government Work Report" both put forward the requirement of "living a tight life," which profoundly reflects the sober understanding and firm determination of the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core on the great significance of continuing to carry forward the fine traditions of hard work and thrift in critical periods. We must take the in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定) as an important starting point, continuously compress the space for the invisible and mutated style of extravagance, and continue to drive the social atmosphere and public customs to be upward and virtuous with the excellent Party (党) conduct and political integrity. We must not only be good at teaching and learning, but also strictly investigate and manage, and even more so, immediately rectify.
Being good at teaching and learning means that we must deeply study and implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) important thought on the Party's (党) self-revolution, take the in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定) as a major political task, guide Party (党) members and leading cadres to act as orders and set an example, take the lead in "living a tight life," and set a good example and be a good example in practicing thrift and opposing waste. Strictly investigating and managing means that we must adhere to the problem-oriented approach, closely focus on various invisible and mutated phenomena of extravagance and indulgence, continuously strengthen the institutional implementation of valuing thrift and rejecting extravagance, adhere to the simultaneous investigation and treatment of the style of extravagance and corruption problems, and resolutely cut off the chain from wind to corruption. Immediately rectifying means that we must not wait, push, or delay, and immediately correct the outstanding problems that are strongly reflected by the society as soon as we see them, and earnestly grasp and implement the continuous curbing of the style of extravagance as an important and fundamental task for promoting the "three no corruptions" as a whole, and make the "golden business card" of the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定), which has profoundly changed China (中国), brighter and brighter with the tangible and accessible achievements of style construction for the people.
Return to TopBy: 赵 新
Artificial intelligence, as a strategic technology leading a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, is profoundly changing the way people live and work. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized when chairing the 20th collective study of the Political Bureau of the 20th CPC Central Committee: "Faced with the new situation of rapid evolution of new-generation artificial intelligence technology, we must give full play to the advantages of the new type of national system, adhere to self-reliance and self-improvement, highlight application orientation, and promote the healthy and orderly development of artificial intelligence in China in a beneficial, safe, and fair direction." To thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech, we must objectively view the development situation of artificial intelligence in China, face up to the gaps, identify the direction, and continue to work hard on the basis of summarizing experience, and firmly grasp the initiative in the development and governance of artificial intelligence.
Our Party attaches great importance to the development of artificial intelligence. In recent years, it has improved top-level design, strengthened work deployment, and promoted the overall and systematic leap in China's comprehensive strength in artificial intelligence. Breakthroughs have been made in many fields of artificial intelligence technology, especially in computer vision, natural language processing, and speech recognition, reaching the international advanced level. Representative achievements include: In terms of large models, independent domestic artificial intelligence large models have broken the United States' monopoly in the field of artificial intelligence through technological innovation and low-cost strategies; in terms of chips and hardware, the world's first brain-like complementary vision chip "Tianmou Core" (天眸芯) achieves high-speed, high-precision, and high-dynamic-range visual information acquisition under low bandwidth and low power consumption conditions, and can efficiently cope with various extreme scenarios; in terms of robotics technology, the Unitree G1 humanoid robot launched by YuShu Technology (宇树科技) is very popular and has a wide range of application scenarios; and so on. At the same time, artificial intelligence technology is increasingly widely used in thousands of industries in China, promoting the rapid development of intelligent manufacturing, smart cities, smart healthcare, and other fields.
At the same time, it is necessary to recognize that although China has become one of the leading countries in the global artificial intelligence field, there are still shortcomings and weaknesses in the basic theory and key core technologies of artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence is developed on the basis of basic theory, basic hardware, and core software. Developed countries have long-term accumulation in these areas. Especially after World War II, the United States' microelectronics technology and computer technology have maintained significant technological advantages and innovation vitality. The United States has always been at the forefront in the basic theory of mathematics, computer science, and artificial intelligence, as well as in high-end chips, core software, and other basic artificial intelligence software and hardware. In comparison, China's foundation in basic research in the field of artificial intelligence is not deep enough, and it is relatively backward in basic theory, methods, and tools. For example, the gap in graphics processors used for deep neural network training is still relatively obvious. From the basic theory of mathematics to the basic theory of computer science, the basic theory of microelectronics technology, and then to the basic hardware platform and core software, we need to constantly accumulate experience. We must face up to the gaps and work harder. We must promote high-level self-reliance in science and technology and seek breakthroughs in basic theory, basic hardware, and core software.
It is also necessary to recognize that artificial intelligence is an application-driven technology, and China has many advantages in developing artificial intelligence. First, data resources are abundant. China has a population of more than 1.4 billion, which can generate massive amounts of data in the Internet, mobile applications, and other fields, providing rich materials for artificial intelligence large model training and promoting large model learning, iteration, and optimization. Second, the application scenarios are broad. China's medical, e-commerce, logistics, finance, and many other industries are developing rapidly, and the demand for artificial intelligence is urgent, providing broad space for the implementation of artificial intelligence. For example, artificial intelligence can assist doctors in disease diagnosis and drug research and development in the medical field, and can be used for risk assessment and investment decision-making in the financial field, which will promote the continuous upgrading of related technologies. Third, the industrial system is complete. Manufacturing is an important field for the application of artificial intelligence technology products. China has the world's largest and most complete production and manufacturing system. There is huge space to empower the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry with artificial intelligence technology and cultivate new quality productive forces. Fourth, the market space is huge. China's artificial intelligence products cover hardware equipment, software development, data analysis, and other aspects. With the popularization of 5G, the Internet of Things, and other technologies, application scenarios will be further expanded, stimulating greater market potential, thereby providing rich business opportunities for the industrialization and application of artificial intelligence.
Fully utilizing these advantages, highlighting application orientation, and making up for the shortcomings in basic software and hardware will help transform them into advantages in the development of artificial intelligence technology. We must thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech and comprehensively promote artificial intelligence scientific and technological innovation, industrial development, and enabling applications.
Give full play to the advantages of the socialist system. Promoting the high-quality development of artificial intelligence requires not only gathering the consensus of the whole society, but also giving full play to the advantages of China's socialist system, and forming a strong synergy in overall planning, resource integration, and data sharing through the combination of top-level design and grassroots practice. The rapid development of artificial intelligence in China in a short period of time is a vivid reflection of the advantages of China's socialist system. We must further give play to the advantages of China's socialist system in concentrating efforts to accomplish great things, continue to strengthen basic research, concentrate efforts to overcome core technologies such as high-end chips and basic software, comprehensively promote artificial intelligence scientific and technological innovation, and build an independent and controllable, collaborative operation of the artificial intelligence basic software and hardware system.
Create a good development ecology. The development of artificial intelligence is a process of continuous iteration and upgrading, which is inseparable from the support of the ecological system composed of technology, products, and scenarios. To this end, we must build an innovation ecosystem in which the government, enterprises, research institutions, and the public collaborate. At the same time, we must promote the integration of artificial intelligence technology innovation and industrial innovation, build a collaborative innovation system of industry, academia, research, and application led by enterprises, empower the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries with artificial intelligence, develop strategic emerging industries, and cultivate future industries.
Strengthen the construction of talent teams. Vigorously cultivating artificial intelligence talents can lay a solid foundation for the development of artificial intelligence technology in China. China has a large team of science and engineering talents. In terms of artificial intelligence talent cultivation, we need to gradually develop from quantitative advantages to both qualitative and quantitative advantages. We must promote artificial intelligence education in all academic sections and popular education throughout society, and continuously cultivate high-quality talents; improve artificial intelligence scientific research support, career support, and talent evaluation mechanisms, and build platforms and create conditions for all kinds of talents to display their talents.
(The author is the Dean of the College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University (南开大学))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 寇江泽
Carrying out central ecological and environmental protection inspections is a major institutional arrangement and a major reform measure for the Party Central Committee and the State Council to promote ecological civilization construction.
Recently, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央) and the State Council (国务院) issued the "Regulations on Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Work" (《生态环境保护督察工作条例》) (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations"), which comprehensively regulates the ecological and environmental protection inspection work, further consolidates the institutional foundation of ecological and environmental protection inspection, and better leverages the role of inspection as a sharp sword.
"The 'Regulations' systematically summarize the theoretical and practical experience of ecological and environmental protection inspections in the new era, and further improve the system and mechanism of ecological and environmental protection inspection work. It is of great significance for adhering to and strengthening the Party's comprehensive leadership over ecological civilization construction and ecological and environmental protection, deeply promoting ecological and environmental protection inspection work, and comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China," said Xu Biju (徐必久), Director of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Coordination Bureau (中央生态环境保护督察协调局).
Promoting the deepening and improvement of the inspection system to form a closed-loop governance
According to the deployment arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, since December 2015, the central ecological and environmental protection inspection has completed two rounds of full coverage, and the third round has completed three batches of inspection tasks. The inspection has cumulatively accepted and transferred more than 340,000 public complaints about ecological and environmental issues, most of which have been completed or completed in stages, resolutely investigated and dealt with a number of major typical cases of ecological and environmental damage, and solved a number of prominent ecological and environmental problems that the people strongly reflect.
"China has creatively established a systematic and complete ecological and environmental protection inspection system, promoted the consolidation of ecological and environmental protection responsibilities of leaders at all levels, and promoted the construction of ecological civilization," said Wan Jun (万军), Deputy Dean of the Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning (生态环境部环境规划院) of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Based on systematically summarizing the institutional innovation and practical innovation of ecological and environmental protection inspection, the promulgation of the "Regulations" will promote the deepening and improvement of the inspection system and lay a solid legal foundation for the in-depth development of inspection work.
Ecological and environmental protection inspections generally include procedures and links such as inspection preparation, inspection entry, inspection report, and inspection feedback. Through a series of institutional designs and practical measures, the implementation of ecological and environmental protection responsibilities of party committees and governments, relevant departments, and relevant units is effectively promoted.
The "Regulations" make clear provisions on organizational leadership and institutional responsibilities, inspection objects and contents, work procedures and methods, and inspection rectification, forming a closed-loop governance from "problem discovery," "pressure transmission," "inspection rectification," "achievement application" to "active fulfillment of responsibilities."
The "Regulations" clearly propose to implement a two-level inspection system at the central and provincial levels, establish a Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Leading Group (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组) to be responsible for coordinating, guiding, and supervising inspection work, and form a Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team (中央生态环境保护督察组) to carry out inspections.
The party committees and governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government are not only important objects of the central ecological and environmental protection inspection, but also the main bodies for organizing and carrying out inspection work in their respective administrative regions, and organize inspections of municipal party committees and governments, provincial ecological environment departments, relevant departments of provincial governments, and relevant provincial enterprises in their respective administrative regions. Provincial ecological and environmental protection inspections are more focused on regional and geographical characteristics in content, and are an extension and supplement to the central ecological and environmental protection inspection.
Adhering to the problem-oriented approach and the tone of strictness, clarifying the principles and requirements of accurate, scientific, and law-based inspection
The inspection always goes to the problems and responsibilities, continuously transmits pressure, consolidates responsibilities at each level, and promotes the effective solution of problems. Under the strong promotion of the inspection, problems such as ecological damage in the Qilian Mountains National Nature Reserve (祁连山国家级自然保护区) in Gansu (甘肃), illegal construction of villas in the Qinling Mountains (秦岭) north foothills within Xi'an (西安) in Shaanxi (陕西), illegal mining in the Muli (木里) mining area in Qinghai (青海), and illegal construction in Changyaoshan (长腰山) of Dianchi Lake (滇池) in Kunming (昆明) in Yunnan (云南) have been basically resolved.
Wen Yingmin (温英民), Deputy Director and First-Class Inspector of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Coordination Bureau, introduced that the "Regulations" run through the basic policy of problem-oriented and strict tone throughout the entire text. For example, in the general provisions of the first chapter of the "Regulations," "giving full play to the role of ecological and environmental protection inspection as a sharp sword, and adhering to the discovery and resolution of problems" is written into the overall requirements, and "adhering to the problem-oriented and strict tone, and daring to be serious" is included in the basic principles of inspection.
The inspection always adheres to the people first, and regards the "small problems" around the people that seem inconspicuous but are related to their vital interests as the "big things" of concern to the inspection.
The "Regulations" take "prominent ecological and environmental problems reflected by the people and their handling" as the main content of the inspection. During the inspection entry, public complaints about ecological and environmental protection are accepted, and spot checks and return visits on rectification are used as one of the main working methods of the inspection team, and a complete set of work mechanisms for accepting, transferring, verifying, supervising, and returning visits to complaints has been established. Strengthen information disclosure, respond to social concerns, and accept public supervision.
In order to ensure that the inspection results can stand the test of history and practice, the inspection has been based on the basic requirements of accuracy, science, and law since the establishment of the system, and pays attention to seeking truth from facts, respecting laws, and leading by the rule of law.
The "Regulations" further refine and clarify the principles and requirements of accurate, scientific, and law-based inspection to ensure that the inspection sword is accurately exerted and promote both short-term and long-term solutions. For example, the general provisions of the first chapter clarify the basic principles of "adhering to regulations and laws, and achieving accuracy, science, objectivity, and fairness." In the fourth chapter, "Work Procedures and Methods," work requirements are continuously optimized and improved to ensure that inspection results are objective, fair, and accurate in many aspects.
Firmly grasp the "bull nose" of the ecological and environmental protection responsibility system, and promote the real rectification of problems in place
The inspection closely revolves around the overall situation of economic and social development to think, plan, and promote work, promote the green and low-carbon transformation of economic and social development, and help high-quality development. The inspection has publicly exposed 323 typical cases, giving full play to the role of warning and deterrence, and the effectiveness of the inspection has continued to appear, and a large number of prominent ecological and environmental problems have been solved. By the end of 2024, 3,250 of the 3,294 tasks identified in the first round of inspection and "look back" rectification plans have been completed, with a completion rate of over 98%; 1,822 of the 2,164 tasks identified in the second round of inspection rectification plans have been completed, with a completion rate of over 84%. The rectification of the first three batches of the third round of inspections is being steadily promoted. Ecological and environmental warning films of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (长江经济带) have been filmed for 6 consecutive years, and ecological and environmental warning films of the Yellow River Basin (黄河流域) have been filmed for 3 years, disclosing 1,262 prominent ecological and environmental problems, of which 1,170 have been rectified, with a completion rate of over 92%, driving local self-examination to discover and solve a large number of prominent ecological and environmental problems.
In the third chapter, "Inspection Objects and Contents" of the "Regulations," it is clearly required to take the study and implementation of Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on ecological civilization and the important decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council as the primary task of the inspection.
The "Regulations" also clarify the forms of routine inspections and "look back," special inspections, and ecological and environmental warning films. In response to the implementation of ecological and environmental protection requirements in the implementation of major regional strategies, combined with routine inspections, the basin inspection and provincial inspection are promoted in a coordinated manner. For prominent ecological and environmental problems found in the inspection, typical cases are formed and publicly released.
Inspection rectification and achievement application are important links in ecological and environmental protection inspection and are important signs to test the effectiveness of inspection work. The inspection always keeps a close eye on the rectification of problems with a clear attitude and resolute measures.
Wen Yingmin introduced that the "Regulations" set up a special chapter on inspection rectification, regulating the main body of rectification responsibility, promoting implementation, reporting on rectification, and dispatching and supervising. The General Office of the Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Leading Group (中央生态环境保护督察工作领导小组办公室) and the relevant work institutions for ecological and environmental protection inspection in provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government implement list-based management of inspection rectification tasks, regularly organize dispatch and supervision and spot checks, and promote the real rectification of problems in place.
In order to effectively deepen the application of inspection results, the "Regulations" set up a special chapter to regulate the application of inspection results. The "Regulations" clarify that the inspection results and relevant information on inspection rectification work should be used as an important basis for the assessment and evaluation, selection and appointment, management and supervision, and commendation and reward of party and government leading bodies and relevant leading cadres.
"Studying and implementing the 'Regulations' is a major political task, and we must earnestly grasp the implementation work and promote the implementation of various requirements," said Xu Biju. We must firmly grasp the "bull nose" of the ecological and environmental protection responsibility system, continuously improve the relevant laws and regulations system for inspection, deeply promote ecological and environmental protection inspection, and build a beautiful China where man and nature coexist in harmony.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 12th (Reporter Li Hongmei (李红梅)): Meteorological monitoring shows that on the daytime of May 12th, most parts of the country had little rainfall, and high temperatures occurred in some areas of Hebei (河北), Henan (河南), and other places. The Central Meteorological Observatory (中央气象台) predicts that from the 13th, a new round of precipitation will occur in the southern regions.
Specifically, from May 13th to 16th, some areas in the eastern part of the Southwest region, Jianghan (江汉), Jiangnan (江南), and the western part of South China will have moderate to heavy rain, with local heavy rain, accompanied by short-term heavy precipitation, thunderstorms, strong winds, and other severe convective weather. At the same time, there will be light to moderate rain or thunderstorms in northern North China, eastern Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), Northeast China, and other places, with local heavy rain; from May 13th to 14th, eastern North China and other places will be accompanied by short-term heavy precipitation, thunderstorms, strong winds, or hail and other severe convective weather.
Meteorological experts remind that the southern regions need to pay attention to secondary disasters that may be caused by local heavy rainfall, and eastern North China and other places should pay attention to the hazards of local severe convective weather. In addition, sunny and hot weather with high temperatures in southern North China and the central and western parts of the Huanghuai (黄淮) area require attention to the risk of hot-dry wind disasters for winter wheat.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on May 12th (Reporter Kou Jiangze (寇江泽)) The Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部), in conjunction with the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院) and other departments, recently issued the "Opinions on Further Optimizing Environmental Supervision of Motor Vehicles." By improving and optimizing the long-term mechanism for environmental supervision of motor vehicles, the opinions aim to solve the problems of environmental pollution and fraud in the motor vehicle field, create a fair and competitive market environment, thoroughly implement the Blue Sky Defense Campaign, and help continuously improve air quality.
The opinions, in accordance with the principles of precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and law-based pollution control, focus on outstanding problems in the field of motor vehicle emissions, with a focus on strengthening the supervision of heavy-duty trucks and motor vehicle emission inspection and maintenance organizations, and severely cracking down on excessive emissions and fraud. Focusing on the emission responsibility chain of trucks, the opinions implement the responsibilities of producers, owners, users, and service providers. By promoting production plants, transportation companies, large vehicle users, inspection and maintenance organizations, and other units to fulfill environmental protection requirements in accordance with the law, the opinions jointly create a good atmosphere for motor vehicle compliance.
The opinions include five specific measures: First, guide heavy-duty trucks to implement compliance with emission standards. Strengthen the supervision of heavy-duty truck pollution emissions through road inspections, on-site inspections, remote sensing monitoring, and other methods. Second, strengthen the management of motor vehicle emission inspection and maintenance. Strictly manage the access, daily operation, and exit of inspection agencies, standardize the maintenance and management behavior of maintenance agencies, and strengthen the closed-loop management of inspection and maintenance. Third, promote the source management of motor vehicle emissions. Guide new car production enterprises to improve the design of data tamper-proofing functions. Recall vehicles that cause pollution emissions due to design and production defects in a timely manner. Use subsidies to promote the scrapping and renewal of old vehicles. Fourth, strengthen data sharing and collaborative linkage. Promote data intercommunication and information sharing between departments and levels, and establish and improve a joint working mechanism between departments. Fifth, improve the level of digital and intelligent supervision capabilities. Use big data analysis and technological means to accurately identify illegal clues. Strengthen the regulatory team and technological equipment.
Return to TopOn May 9th, local time, Morocco, known as the "North African Garden," welcomed a unique cultural tourism promotion event. The "Tea and the World: An Elegant Gathering" and the "Jiangxi Scenery is Uniquely Beautiful" Morocco "Jiangxi Day" event was held at the Chinese Cultural Center in Rabat, Morocco. With cultural exchange as the link, the event comprehensively showcased Jiangxi's natural scenery, historical heritage, and cultural charm through rich forms such as ceramic exhibitions, intangible cultural heritage performances, and tea culture experiences, promoting Ganpo culture to the world.
The friendly exchanges between Jiangxi and Morocco can be traced back to the 14th century AD. Jiangxi native Wang Dayuan (汪大渊) and Moroccan Ibn Battuta (伊本·白图泰), two navigators, crossed the ocean and came to each other's countries, building a bridge for exchanges between the two places. Today, Jiangxi's cultural tourism overseas promotion plan, with the sincerity of "crossing mountains and seas," interprets "each is beautiful in its own way, and beautiful together" to the world in diverse ways, writing a new chapter in the overseas promotion of "Picturesque Jiangxi, Uniquely Beautiful Scenery."
Strategic Upgrade: Depicting a Panoramic View of Cultural Tourism "Going Global"
In 2024, the number of inbound tourists in Jiangxi Province increased by 61% year-on-year. Among them, Huangling Scenic Area (篁岭景区) and Wangxian Valley Scenic Area (望仙谷景区) in Shangrao City (上饶市) received 28,000 and 68,000 inbound tourists respectively, an increase of 180% and 1599% compared to 2023. This is a concrete result of Jiangxi's continuous promotion of strategic upgrades in cultural tourism promotion. Now, Jiangxi cultural tourism has completed the upgrade from "Follow Jiangxi" to "Discover Jiangxi," realizing a leap from one-way publicity and promotion to two-way interactive experience, and a transformation from traditional tourism promotion to in-depth cultural tourism integration, fully demonstrating the new atmosphere of Jiangxi's cultural tourism vitality, and is committed to letting more overseas tourists come to Jiangxi, explore Jiangxi, and fall in love with Jiangxi.
In April of this year, at the 2025 "Picturesque Jiangxi, Uniquely Beautiful Scenery" Cultural and Tourism Hong Kong and Macao Promotion Conference, Jiangxi Province officially launched the "Discover Jiangxi" overseas promotion plan; the 2025 Jiangxi Province Cultural and Tourism Development Conference was held to further summarize experience, analyze the situation, and determine the key tasks of cultural and tourism work; the "City of Heroes" (China·Nanchang) 2025 Global Travel Agent Matchmaking Conference was held, providing a business docking platform for domestic and foreign travel agents and Jiangxi Province travel agencies. Jiangxi is full of sincerity and has taken many measures, and the influence of cultural tourism continues to expand.
Jiangxi cultural tourism continues to increase its external promotion efforts, demonstrating an international style. Promotion and promotion centers have been established in source markets such as Hong Kong and Macao in China, and the launching ceremony of the "Jiangxi Scenery is Uniquely Beautiful" Southeast Asia Culture and Tourism Promotion Season and the Malaysia "Jiangxi Day" event were successfully held. A global cultural and tourism resource release conference was held, and 11 prefecture-level cities jointly launched 546 tourism preferential policies. Cooperating with international tourism platforms such as Trip Advisor, Lushan (庐山), Sanqing Mountain (三清山) and other scenic spots are promoted to "go overseas on the cloud," supporting multilingual services. Through the Asian travel agent field trip, Lushan Scenic Area (庐山景区) has established a tourist source exchange mechanism with travel agents from 5 countries, promoting "Kuanglu's Wonderful Beauty" to the international market. 150 Jiangxi cultural tourism-themed buses shuttle through the streets of Hong Kong and Macao, "planting" Lushan clouds and mist and Wuyuan (婺源) flower seas into urban life scenes, strengthening brand memory with visual impact.
Cultural Empowerment: From Regional IP to Global Narrative
Jiangxi cultural tourism transforms regional culture into a global narrative language by exploring cultural values and innovative experience models, promoting tourists from shallow sightseeing to cultural identity, and striving to build a world-class tourist destination with international influence.
Creating a model of cultural tourism integration. Jingdezhen (景德镇) takes the construction of the "City of Thousands of Museums" and the preparation of the "1819 Global Ceramics Carnival" as engines, upgrading the ceramic industry chain tempered by thousands of years of kiln fire into an immersive cultural tourism experience chain. Through diverse scenes such as pottery workshops, porcelain music performances, and tea culture gatherings, it attracts global ceramic enthusiasts and professional buyers, forming an industrial ecology of deep integration of "culture + tourism + commerce + exhibition." Tourists are not only sightseers, but also participants in pulling blanks, shaping, glazing, and coloring, better perceiving the cultural connotation of ceramics in the process of touching the soil with their own hands.
In Fuzhou City (抚州市), the hometown of Tang Xianzu (汤显祖), the live-action performance work "Dreaming of the Peony Pavilion" innovatively interprets traditional opera with "visual spectacle + immersive interaction," using international artistic language to interpret the oriental aesthetics of "love arises without knowing where, and goes deeper and deeper"; the Ministry-Province Joint Construction Portugal Lisbon Chinese Cultural Center carries out promotion activities such as Morocco's "Happy Spring Festival · Jiangxi Scenery is Uniquely Beautiful," Through the "small and beautiful" cultural exchange scene design, the local characteristic culture is cleverly combined with international communication, effectively promoting cultural exchange and people-to-people connectivity.
Jiangxi cultural tourism is transforming its profound history into a "perceptible and empathetic" cultural tourism experience IP with youthful and scenarized expressions, promoting the cognitive leap of overseas tourists to "go to Jiangxi and know Jiangxi."
From Lushan to Jingdezhen, from Gan Opera to Imperial Porcelain, Jiangxi Province is sailing towards a "world-class tourist destination" with culture as the boat and innovation as the oar. Looking to the future, the pace of Jiangxi cultural tourism "going global" will continue to accelerate, and the brand influence of "Jiangxi Scenery is Uniquely Beautiful" will continue to expand.
Data source: Jiangxi Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism
Return to TopLayout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
Return to TopBy: 中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室
目录
前 言
一、中国为变乱交织的世界注入确定性和稳定性
（一）世界在新的动荡变革中站在历史的十字路口
（二）亚太在总体稳定中面临严峻挑战
（三）中国在化解风险中保持稳固坚韧
二、总体国家安全观为新时代国家安全指引方向
（一）把握总体为要
（二）践行人民安全宗旨
（三）坚持把政治安全摆在首位
（四）坚守维护国家利益准则
（五）防范化解国家安全风险
（六）推进国际共同安全
（七）加强党对国家安全工作的绝对领导
三、为中国式现代化行稳致远提供坚实支撑
（一）维护党的执政地位和社会主义制度
（二）提高人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感
（三）保障高质量发展
（四）维护国家领土完整和海洋权益
（五）确保新兴领域安全可靠
四、在发展中固安全，在安全中谋发展
（一）推动发展和安全动态平衡、相得益彰
（二）推动开放和安全相互促进、协同提升
五、践行全球安全倡议，推进国际共同安全
（一）全球安全倡议贡献中国智慧
（二）推动倡议落实增进共同安全
六、在深化改革中推进国家安全体系和能力现代化
（一）健全联动高效的国家安全体系
（二）锻造实战实用的国家安全能力
结束语
附件：新时代国家安全领域重点法律列表
前 言
For a great nation, security is paramount.
For five thousand years, the Chinese nation has strived for peace and tranquility.
Since the Opium War, the Chinese people have risen up to resist in order to save the nation from peril.
Since its establishment, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has shouldered the historical mission of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, united and led the Chinese people, and after 28 years of bloody battles, established the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国), realizing national independence and people's liberation.
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国), under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the Chinese people have relied on their own efforts and worked hard, successfully opening up a path of national security with Chinese characteristics. China has defeated the aggression, sabotage, and armed provocations of imperialism and hegemonism, and defended national sovereignty and the people's democratic regime; unswervingly promoted national reunification, promoted cross-strait relations from isolation to exchanges, and realized the smooth return of Hong Kong (香港) and Macao (澳门); correctly handled the relationship between reform, development, and stability, and wrote the "two miracles" of rapid economic development and long-term social stability; adhered to the path of peaceful development, and created a good security environment for reform, opening up, and modernization.
Entering the new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core creatively put forward the Overall National Security Concept, established the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会), comprehensively deepened the reform of the national security system and mechanism, accelerated the modernization of the national security system and capabilities, and national security has been comprehensively strengthened. China has not yielded an inch on matters of principle, has carried out a great struggle with many new historical characteristics, and has withstood the tests of risks and challenges from politics, economy, ideology, and nature. National security work has achieved historic achievements and undergone historic changes, providing a strong security guarantee for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and embarking on a new journey of building a modern socialist country in all respects.
China's national security in the new era is overall, systematic, and relatively large-scale security. It is security that takes the people's security as its purpose, political security as its foundation, and national interests as its criterion. It is security that serves and promotes high-quality development, security that is dynamically adjusted according to economic and social development, security that supports further expansion of high-level opening up, and security that operates in a standardized manner on the track of the rule of law. China coordinates its own security and common security, opposes the generalization of security, does not implement security coercion, does not accept threats and pressure, adheres to independence and self-reliance, puts solving security problems on the basis of its own strength, and adheres to the path of national security with Chinese characteristics.
National security is an important foundation for the steady and long-term progress of Chinese-style modernization. In order to comprehensively explain the innovative concepts, vivid practices, and construction achievements of China's national security work in the new era, share experiences and practices, and work with other countries to promote world peace and development and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Chinese government hereby publishes this white paper.
I. China Injects Certainty and Stability into a World of Turbulence and Change
At present, China has entered a critical period of comprehensively promoting the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the nation with Chinese-style modernization. Faced with the complex situation of deepening adverse effects brought about by changes in the external environment and increasing internal risks and challenges, China coordinates the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the major changes unseen in a century in the world. The national security situation has maintained overall stability and steady progress, jointly maintaining regional peace and development with Asia-Pacific countries, and injecting reliable stability into a turbulent world.
(I) The World Stands at a Crossroads of History in a New Era of Turbulence and Change
In the 20th century, human society suffered the catastrophe of two world wars and fell into the quagmire of the Cold War for nearly half a century. Prolonged panic and unease enveloped the globe. Avoiding future generations from suffering the scourge of war was the common expectation of people at that time.
At present, changes in the world, changes of the times, and historical changes are unfolding in unprecedented ways. Multiple contradictions and risks are intertwined, and the deficits in peace, development, security, and governance are increasing. Human society is facing a critical choice between peace and war, prosperity and recession, unity and confrontation, and is once again standing at a crossroads of history.
Geopolitical conflicts have intensified. Hegemonism, power politics, and Cold War thinking have resurfaced. Acts of hegemony, dominance, and bullying, such as relying on the strong to bully the weak, plundering, and zero-sum games, are deeply harmful. Individual major countries disregard international responsibilities, "renege on agreements and withdraw from groups," and undermine global stability. Local conflicts and turbulence occur frequently. The international arms race continues to escalate. Populism and extreme political ideologies are on the rise. Policy adjustments in some countries have produced serious negative spillover effects.
Economic globalization has encountered headwinds. Unilateralism and protectionism have intensified, the multilateral trading system has been obstructed, and "building walls and barriers" and "decoupling and breaking chains" have undermined the security of global industrial and supply chains. Individual countries impose tariffs on other countries for non-economic reasons, disrupting the global economic order. The momentum of world economic growth is insufficient, international economic cycles are encountering obstacles, and the global development gap is widening.
Non-traditional security challenges are increasing. Extreme climate disasters occur frequently, and ecological, food, and energy security are facing severe challenges. Terrorism, separatism, religious extremism, and major transnational epidemics pose serious threats to security. Security issues in areas such as space, the deep sea, the Arctic, and cyberspace are constantly emerging.
The "double-edged sword" effect of the new round of technological revolution is prominent. Cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, quantum technology, and biotechnology are accelerating their development. While empowering mankind to understand and transform the world, they also bring a series of unpredictable risks and challenges, which have a profound impact on the national security and social stability of various countries, and may even reshape the global security landscape.
At the same time, the historical trend of peace, development, cooperation, and win-win is unstoppable, and the general direction of human development and progress and the general logic of the tortuous advancement of world history have not changed. The balance of international forces is undergoing profound adjustments, and the "Global South" is growing stronger, playing an increasingly important role in promoting world peace and jointly responding to global challenges, and is increasingly becoming a mainstay of stability, goodness, and progress. Tranquility, harmony, prosperity, and development are still the common aspirations and pursuits of people all over the world. Countries have already boarded a large ship with a shared destiny. No country can retreat to a self-enclosed island. The only way out for mankind is to work together in harmony and coexist in harmony.
(II) The Asia-Pacific Region Faces Severe Challenges Amid Overall Stability
The Asia-Pacific region holds an important strategic position in the world pattern and is an important engine of global economic prosperity. The Asia-Pacific region has maintained overall peace for nearly half a century, without large-scale armed conflicts. However, as the world's economic and strategic center of gravity continues to shift to the Asia-Pacific region, the security of the Asia-Pacific region faces many severe challenges.
The Asia-Pacific region is a stable part of the global landscape. Promoting peace, seeking stability, and seeking development are the strategic orientations and common demands of most countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Handling differences and disputes through dialogue and consultation is the main policy orientation of countries in the region. Most countries adhere to true multilateralism and open regionalism, and the regional economic integration process enhances political mutual trust among countries in the region. The construction of regional security mechanisms is constantly advancing, and regional and sub-regional security cooperation is constantly deepening.
The Asia-Pacific region has become a focus of major power games. Individual countries strengthen military alliances in the Asia-Pacific region, woo regional allies, build exclusive "small groups," and insist on promoting military deployments, including intermediate-range missile systems, which seriously exacerbate regional tensions. Some Cold War legacy issues are in danger of re-escalating, and the difficulty and complexity of handling unresolved territorial and maritime rights disputes are increasing after the intervention of extraterritorial forces.
Faced with a turbulent world and a turbulent Asia-Pacific region, China always stands on the right side of history and on the side of human progress, stabilizing the uncertain world with China's certainty. China always acts as a firm force in safeguarding national interests, and no amount of extreme pressure, threats, or blackmail can shake the unity of the 1.4 billion Chinese people. China always acts as a just force in maintaining world peace and stability, continues to expand equal, open, and cooperative global partnerships, actively practices the Chinese approach to resolving hotspot issues, writes a new chapter of unity and self-reliance with the "Global South," and makes peaceful development a common choice for all countries in the world. China always acts as a progressive force in safeguarding international fairness and justice, adheres to true multilateralism, keeps the future of mankind in mind and the well-being of the people at heart, promotes global governance through consultation, joint construction, and sharing, adheres to the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, and builds broader consensus for building an equal and orderly multipolar world. China always acts as a constructive force in promoting global common development, expands high-level opening up to the outside world, shares the broad opportunities of Chinese-style modernization with all countries, safeguards the multilateral trading system, creates an open, inclusive, and non-discriminatory international cooperation environment, and promotes inclusive economic globalization.
(III) China Maintains Steadfast Resilience in Defusing Risks
Entering the new era, China's comprehensive national strength, international influence, and ability to resist risks have been significantly enhanced. It has continued to maintain political stability, ethnic unity, social stability, and economic development, and is one of the safest countries in the world.
At the same time, with the world undergoing major development, major changes, and major adjustments, China is further comprehensively deepening reform. It faces both new development opportunities and risks and tests; it faces both common security risks of a global and regional nature and special security challenges in the critical stage of national rejuvenation.
External security pressure has increased. Western anti-China forces are doing everything possible to encircle, suppress, and contain China, implement Westernization and division strategies against China, and carry out infiltration and sabotage activities. Extraterritorial forces have increased their efforts to interfere in China's surrounding affairs, posing a threat to China's border areas, borders, and surrounding security. Individual countries grossly interfere in China's internal affairs, create disturbances in the Taiwan Strait, the South China Sea, and the East China Sea, and frequently create trouble on issues involving Xinjiang, Tibet, and Hong Kong. Some external forces are deliberately playing the "Taiwan card," and "Taiwan independence" forces stubbornly adhere to their separatist stance and take adventurous provocations. Overseas "Tibetan independence" and "East Turkistan" separatist forces are active.
Risks in key areas are complex and diverse. Traditional and non-traditional security threats are intertwined and integrated. Some key core technologies are still subject to others, the foundation for economic recovery is not yet solid, and situations that affect social security and stability, such as major natural disasters, work safety accidents, public health incidents, and vicious criminal cases, still occur from time to time. The safety of overseas institutions, projects, and personnel faces real risks.
In general, the connotation and extension of China's national security in the new era are richer than at any time in history, the space-time domain is broader than at any time in history, and internal and external factors are more complex than at any time in history. China puts national security in a more prominent position, resolutely withstands and counterattacks external containment and suppression, runs security and development through all fields and the entire process of national development, focuses on improving the level of public security governance, and effectively safeguards national sovereignty, security, and development interests, successfully continuing to write a new chapter in the "two miracles" of rapid economic development and long-term social stability.
Looking to the future, China's ability to maintain and shape national security is unprecedented, and its determination is unwavering. With the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the significant advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the solid foundation accumulated through continuous and rapid development, and the unity of the 1.4 billion Chinese people, the historical process of China's comprehensive promotion of the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the nation is unstoppable and will surely make new and greater contributions to maintaining regional stability and prosperity and promoting world peace and development.
II. The Overall National Security Concept Guides the Direction of National Security in the New Era
In the course of its development over more than 5,000 years, the Chinese nation has created a vast and profound brilliant culture, which contains rich strategic ideas on national security, such as emphasizing awareness of potential dangers, "being mindful of danger in times of peace, being mindful of destruction in times of survival, and being mindful of chaos in times of governance"; highlighting the people-oriented ideology, "the people are the foundation of the country, and when the foundation is solid, the country is peaceful"; advocating good faith and good neighborliness, "being kind to neighbors is a treasure of the country"; and striving for both internal and external considerations, "internal affairs should be handled with civility and harmony, and external affairs should be handled with martial arts and righteousness," and so on. These traditional Chinese national security concepts have stood the test of time and have played a positive role in stabilizing the country and eliminating internal and external troubles.
Since the founding of New China (新中国), Chinese leaders have attached great importance to national security. Mao Zedong (毛泽东) proposed the strategy of dividing the world into three, Deng Xiaoping (邓小平) made the major judgment that peace and development are the themes of the current era, Jiang Zemin (江泽民) proposed establishing a new security concept of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, and cooperation, and Hu Jintao (胡锦涛) emphasized adhering to the path of peaceful development. These national security strategic ideas have played an important role in maintaining national security and promoting world peace.
Entering the new era, on April 15, 2014, at the first meeting of the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) creatively put forward the Overall National Security Concept. The Overall National Security Concept comprehensively draws on the essence of outstanding traditional Chinese culture, systematically summarizes the theoretical achievements and practical experience of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) in safeguarding national security, and is the first major strategic thought since the founding of New China (新中国) to be established as the guiding ideology for national security work. It is an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and is a major ideological and theoretical contribution of contemporary China to the world.
The Overall National Security Concept is rooted in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It must not only solve the common security problems faced by all countries in the world, but also properly handle the unique security problems of a large Eastern country. As a large socialist country, China must ensure that the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics do not change color; as a super-large country with a population of more than 1.4 billion, with a vast territory and many ethnic groups, it must maintain national unity and ethnic unity and resolutely oppose any form of separatist activity; as one of the countries with many neighboring countries, long land and sea borders, and a complex surrounding security situation, it must consolidate its surrounding strategic support; as a large country in the critical stage of national rejuvenation, the further it advances, the more difficult and dangerous it becomes, and it must promote the virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security; as a large country that adheres to the path of peaceful development, it must promote the coordination between its own security and common security.
The Overall National Security Concept was created through profound reflection on the general trend of the times and developed through unremitting exploration of the path of national security with Chinese characteristics. It contains the values, ideas, working methods, and mechanisms for China's national security governance. The Overall National Security Concept emphasizes adhering to people's security as its purpose, political security as its foundation, economic security as its basis, military, technological, cultural, and social security as its guarantee, and promoting international security as its support. It coordinates development and security, internal and external security, homeland security and national security, traditional and non-traditional security, its own security and common security. It coordinates the maintenance and shaping of national security, and guarantees a new development pattern with a new security pattern.
(I) Grasping the Overall Picture as the Key
The key to the Overall National Security Concept lies in "overall," and "overall" is the soul of China's national security in the new era. It highlights the concept of comprehensive security, covering many fields such as politics, military affairs, territory, economy, finance, culture, society, technology, cyberspace, food, ecology, resources, nuclear power, overseas interests, space, deep sea, polar regions, biology, artificial intelligence, and data, and is constantly dynamically adjusted with social development. Comprehensive security is the maintenance of national survival and sustainable development under the new situation, but it is not a generalization of security, let alone the pursuit of absolute security. Comprehensive security creates conditions for national overall security by doing a good job in the security of one place, one field, and one industry, and consolidates the foundation for long-term national stability and security by solving security problems in a timely and effective manner. It is necessary to adhere to systematic thinking, strengthen scientific coordination, comprehensively consider various security factors, properly handle major relationships such as development and security, external and internal affairs, vitality and order, risks and opportunities, safeguarding rights and maintaining stability, enhance the systematicness, integrity, and coordination of national security work, and fight a good overall battle for national security.
(II) Practicing the Purpose of People's Security
This is the fundamental position of China's national security in the new era. The nature and purpose of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and China's state system determine that the Party, the people, and the country are a community. The country is the people, and the people are the country. China's national security is all for the people and relies on the people. The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) shares weal and woe and lives and dies with the Chinese people. Any attempt to separate or antagonize the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) from the people will never succeed. The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) always puts the safety and health of the people first, effectively protects the people's property safety and other legitimate rights and interests, focuses on solving the security problems that the people strongly reflect, and constantly improves the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
(III) Insisting on Putting Political Security First
This is the lifeline of China's national security in the new era. The core of political security is regime security and institutional security, and the most fundamental thing is to safeguard the leadership and ruling position of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and safeguard the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. If political security is not guaranteed, China will inevitably fall into a situation of division and disunity, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will be out of the question, and the fundamental and long-term interests of the people will not be guaranteed. We must enhance political sensitivity and political discernment, eliminate various political hidden dangers in a timely manner, and prevent non-political risks from spreading into political risks.
(IV) Adhering to the Principle of Safeguarding National Interests
This is the basic requirement of China's national security in the new era. Every country must safeguard its own national interests, and at the same time, it should consider its own interests at a broader level. It cannot be at the expense of harming the interests of other countries. All countries should respect each other's core interests and major concerns. China safeguards national security, mainly to safeguard national interests, especially core interests. China's core interests mainly include: national regime, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, people's well-being, and sustainable economic and social development. China does not covet the rights and interests of other countries, nor is it jealous of the development of other countries, but it will never give up its legitimate rights and interests, and will never trade its core interests.
(V) Preventing and Resolving National Security Risks
This is the central task of China's national security in the new era. China faces risks in many aspects. All kinds of risks must be prevented and controlled, but the focus is on preventing and controlling the overall risks that may delay or interrupt the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must be highly vigilant against "black swan" events and prevent "gray rhino" events; we must have the first move to prevent risks, and we must also have clever ways to deal with and resolve risks and challenges; we must fight a prepared battle to prevent and resist risks, and we must also fight a strategic initiative to turn danger into safety and turn crisis into opportunity. We must carry forward the spirit of struggle, dare to struggle, be good at struggle, and seek unity, cooperation, and win-win results in the struggle. We must adhere to the bottom-line thinking, focus on preventing various risks and challenges from interacting internally and externally, spreading across regions, and accumulating and superimposing, and resolutely hold the bottom line of no systemic risks.
(VI) Promoting International Common Security
This is the responsibility of a major country for China's national security in the new era. To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we need not only a stable and united domestic environment, but also a peaceful and stable international environment. China does not agree with the outdated logic that "a strong country will inevitably dominate." There is no gene in the blood of the Chinese nation to invade others or seek hegemony. All countries should take into account the security of other countries while seeking their own security, and strive to find a path of mutually beneficial and win-win security. China advocates a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept, proposes and promotes the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, actively participates in global security governance, strengthens international security cooperation, and works with all countries in the world to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
(VII) Strengthening the Party's Absolute Leadership over National Security Work
This is the fundamental guarantee of China's national security in the new era. China's socialist system with Chinese characteristics and its basic national conditions determine that in order to cope with various risks and challenges on the road ahead, we must adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党). The Party plays the leading core role of overseeing the overall situation and coordinating all parties. The Party's leadership is comprehensive, systematic, and holistic, and runs through all aspects and the entire process of national security work. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) decided to establish the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会) for the purpose of better adapting to the new situation and new tasks of national security, establishing a centralized, unified, efficient, and authoritative national security system, and strengthening the leadership of national security work.
The Overall National Security Concept leads China's national security work to continuously create new situations, establishes a cooperative and inclusive national security concept internationally, will provide theoretical guidance for national security with Chinese characteristics in the new era and new journey, contribute Chinese wisdom to promoting and improving global security governance, and play an important role in maintaining world peace and stability.
III. Providing Solid Support for the Steady and Long-term Development of Chinese-style Modernization
Entering the new era, focusing on achieving national strategic goals and implementing the Overall National Security Concept, China's national security resolutely fulfills the major responsibilities entrusted by the Party and the people, prevents and resolves various risks in the process of Chinese-style modernization, builds a solid security barrier for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and provides strategic support for promoting world peace and development.
(I) Safeguarding the Party's Ruling Position and the Socialist System
The key to China's national security lies in the Party. China puts safeguarding political security in the first place, always plans and promotes security in other fields from the height of safeguarding political security, improves the ability to prevent political risks, timely blocks the transformation channels of risks in different fields, avoids cross-infection, prevents non-political risks from spreading into political risks, and ensures the Party's long-term ruling and the country's long-term stability and security.
Safeguarding regime security, institutional security, and ideological security. Comprehensively deepening the reform of the Party's construction system, thoroughly promoting the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and constantly transforming the Party's political advantages, organizational advantages, and institutional advantages into the Party and the country's governance advantages. Unswervingly adhering to and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, improving the system of the National People's Congress (全国人民代表大会), the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of grassroots mass autonomy. Adhering to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, building a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leadership, firmly guarding the ideological and public opinion front, and creating a clean and upright network environment. Relevant Chinese and foreign public opinion reports show that Chinese respondents' trust in the government, satisfaction with the democratic situation, and recognition of a clean government all exceed 90%, consistently ranking among the top in the surveyed countries.
Preventing and resisting infiltration, sabotage, subversion, and secessionist activities by hostile forces. Resolutely preventing overseas anti-China forces from implementing Westernization and division strategies against China by promoting Western democracy, freedom, human rights, and so-called "universal values"; strictly preventing and severely cracking down on various infiltration and subversion activities by hostile forces to instigate "color revolutions" and "street politics" against us. Carrying out national security education for all people on a regular basis to build a solid people's defense line. Comprehensively implementing the Party's strategy for governing Tibet (治藏方略) and strategy for governing Xinjiang (治疆方略) in the new era,依法打击分裂破坏活动,渗透得到有效遏制，社会治安状况明显好转.
Maintaining long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao. Comprehensively and accurately, firmly and unswervingly implement the "one country, two systems" policy, implement the central government's overall jurisdiction, implement the principle of "patriots governing Hong Kong" (爱国者治港) and "patriots governing Macao" (爱国者治澳), implement the legal system and enforcement mechanism for the special administrative region to safeguard national security, and adhere to the unity of the central government's overall jurisdiction and the protection of the special administrative region's high degree of autonomy. Formulate and implement the Law of the People's Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, improve the electoral system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, punish criminals who endanger national security in accordance with the law, and promote Hong Kong from chaos to governance and prosperity.
(II) Improving the People's Sense of Gain, Happiness, and Security
National prosperity and people's security are the most basic and common aspirations of the people. At present, profound changes have taken place in the main social contradictions in China, and the people's security needs are becoming stronger and more diverse. China starts from meeting the people's growing needs in democracy, the rule of law, fairness, justice, security, and the environment, focuses on the most prominent problems, focuses on maintaining social stability, production safety, food and drug safety, and preventing major natural disasters, and ensures that the people live and work in peace and contentment and that society is stable and orderly.
Building a safe China. Continue to deepen the special action to severely crack down on violent terrorism, maintain a high-pressure stance of severely cracking down on the "three forces" such as "East Turkistan" in accordance with the law, and achieve a fundamental improvement in the situation of the fight against terrorism. Crack down on all kinds of underworld forces' illegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law, and normalize the fight against underworld and evil forces in depth and in a solid manner. Social security has continued to be stable and improving, severely punishing the prominent illegal and criminal activities of gambling, drugs, food, medicine, environment, theft, robbery, fraud, and those targeting women, children, and left-behind elderly people that the masses strongly reflect, and severely cracking down on new types of crimes such as telecommunications network fraud, cross-border gambling, and infringement of citizens' personal information, and transnational, cross-border, and cross-regional crimes in accordance with the law, protecting the people's personal rights, property rights, and personality rights. Establish and improve the responsibility system for maintaining social stability, and maintain the overall stability of society. Adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era, strengthen the standardized construction of comprehensive management centers, and promote the legalization of resolving contradictions and disputes. Maintain social fairness and justice, and cultivate a social mentality of self-esteem, self-confidence, rationality, peace, and positivity. China is one of the countries with the lowest homicide rate, the lowest criminal crime rate, and the fewest gun and explosive cases in the world. According to data from the Ministry of Public Security of China (中国公安部), the number of homicides per 100,000 people in China was 0.46 in 2023 and 0.44 in 2024.
Improving the ability and level of emergency management. Establish an efficient and scientific natural disaster prevention and control system, strengthen the construction of regional emergency forces, strengthen the foundation of grassroots emergency response, and improve the ability to prevent, mitigate, and relieve disasters. In 2024, the number of people affected by natural disasters and the number of collapsed houses nationwide decreased by 20.4% and 50% respectively compared with the average of the previous five years. Improve and implement the responsibility system for production safety, strengthen safety supervision in key industries and key fields, and improve the risk investigation, rectification, and accountability mechanism for production safety. In 2024, a total of 21,800 various production safety accidents occurred nationwide, with 389 major accidents, a year-on-year decrease of 11% and 10.8% respectively, and 9 particularly serious accidents, falling to single digits for the first time.
Safeguarding the people's life safety and physical health. Improve the public health system, strengthen primary medical and health services, and do a good job in preventing and controlling major new and emerging infectious diseases. Strictly carry out supervision and inspection of food production and operation, continue to deepen the action to consolidate and improve drug safety, and strengthen food and drug safety supervision. Improve the population service system covering the entire population and the entire life cycle, improve the fertility support policy system and incentive mechanism, and promote the construction of a fertility-friendly society. In 2024, the average life expectancy of Chinese people reached 79 years old. (See Figure 1)
Protecting ecological security. China adheres to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control in accordance with the law, focusing on solving the prominent problems of air, water, and soil that the people strongly reflect, and continues to fight the blue sky, clear water, and pure land defense battles, and solidly carries out the rural living environment improvement action. In 2024, the national average PM2.5 concentration was 29.3 micrograms/cubic meter, a decrease of 36% compared with 2015, the number of heavily polluted days decreased by 68%, and the proportion of days with good air quality reached more than 86% for five consecutive years, and the people's satisfaction with the ecological environment exceeded 91%. Improve the quality and stability of the ecosystem, promote the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and sand, and the national forest coverage rate exceeded 25% in 2024, and about 1/4 of the world's new green area since the beginning of this century comes from China.
(III) Guaranteeing High-Quality Development
China's development history shows that there are problems with not developing, there are problems with developing, and the problems that arise after development are no less than those before development. In response to the outstanding contradictions and problems in development, China has firmly established the concept of safe development, accelerated the improvement of the safe development system and mechanism, made up for relevant shortcomings, maintained the security of science and technology, finance, food, energy resources, industrial chain supply chain, overseas interests, etc., and resolved contradictions and risks in a timely manner in promoting development, and built national development on a safer and more reliable foundation.
Promoting sustained and healthy economic development. Adhere to putting the safety of the basic economic system in the first place. Improve the quality and efficiency of economic development, deepen supply-side structural reform, focus on building a unified national market, expand domestic demand in all directions, and achieve dynamic balance of the economy at a higher level. Continue to enhance the resilience and security level of the industrial chain supply chain, accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system, and build an independent and controllable, safe and reliable domestic production and supply system.
Resolutely hold the bottom line of no systemic financial risks. Actively give play to the dual functions of monetary policy tools in terms of total quantity and structure, manage the total gate of currency well, and maintain the basic stability of the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level. Regulate the order of the capital market and maintain the stability of the capital market. Strive to stabilize the property market and focus on building a new model for real estate development. Steadily dispose of local government debt risks and accurately resolve the risks of local small and medium-sized financial institutions.
Shouldering the heavy responsibility of food security. Implement the national food security strategy, firmly hold the 1.8 billion mu red line of cultivated land, accelerate the tackling of core seed source technologies, and the food production, purchase, storage, processing, and sales system is constantly improving. Grain output has remained stable at more than 650 million tons for 10 consecutive years, and exceeded 700 million tons in 2024.
Ensuring the security of energy and important resources. Establish a diversified supply system, curb unreasonable energy consumption, maintain the overall balance of energy supply and demand, promote energy system reform and technological innovation, strengthen international cooperation in all directions, and achieve energy security under open conditions. Implement a new round of strategic actions to make breakthroughs in mineral exploration, replenish strategic mineral reserves, strengthen the recycling and utilization of renewable resources, and ensure a sufficient, stable, and sustainable supply of important resources.
Accelerate the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening. Give full play to the advantages of the new national system, make every effort to tackle key core technologies such as basic raw materials, high-end chips, industrial software, and crop seeds, make forward-looking deployments in fields such as artificial intelligence and quantum information, accelerate the overcoming of "bottleneck" technologies in important fields and achieve industrialization. The "Zu Chongzhi (祖冲之)" series of superconducting quantum computing prototypes, the "Chang'e-6 (嫦娥六号)" probe, and the "Mengxiang (梦想)" ocean drilling ship have all made breakthroughs. Accelerate the layout of national strategic scientific and technological forces, strengthen basic scientific research, promote the construction of a national laboratory system, coordinate the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers, strengthen the main position of enterprises in technological innovation, and improve the transformation and industrialization level of scientific and technological achievements. China's ranking in the Global Innovation Index has jumped from 34th in 2012 to 11th in 2024, entering the ranks of innovative countries. Build a monitoring, early warning, and response system for science and technology security risks, improve the regulatory system for emerging technology fields, shape a cultural concept of science and technology for good, and integrate ethical requirements into the entire process of science and technology activities. (See Figure 2)
Strengthen the protection of overseas interests. China safeguards its overseas interests through foreign-related rule of law, diplomatic and consular protection, evacuation and escort operations, and international cooperation. Adhere to prevention first, strengthen the early warning, prevention, and protection mechanisms for overseas interests and investment risks, establish a global consular protection and service emergency call center, open the "12308" 24-hour emergency hotline, and give play to the role of platforms such as "going global" public services to safeguard the safety and legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese citizens, organizations, and institutions. In 2024, China safely evacuated more than 10,000 compatriots from high-risk areas abroad and handled more than 50,000 consular protection assistance cases.
(IV) Safeguarding National Territorial Integrity and Maritime Rights and Interests
China has not yet achieved complete reunification, and the task of safeguarding territorial sovereignty, maritime rights and interests, and national unity is arduous and heavy. China will never allow anyone, any organization, any political party, at any time, in any form, to separate any piece of Chinese territory from China. China adheres to land-sea coordination and adheres to the unity of safeguarding national sovereignty, security, and development interests.
Unswervingly promote national reunification. Adhere to the One China principle and the "1992 Consensus (九二共识)," implement the overall strategy and major policies of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) for resolving the Taiwan issue in the new era, promote the peaceful development and integrated development of cross-strait relations, tighten the emotional ties and interest links between the two sides of the strait, and consolidate the foundation for peaceful national reunification. Unite the broad masses of Taiwan compatriots, firmly support patriotic and reunification forces on the island, strengthen cross-strait dialogue, communication, and democratic consultation, jointly discuss the great plan for reunification, and jointly plan the great cause of reunification. Resolutely oppose the "Taiwan status undetermined theory," the legal effect of UN General Assembly Resolution 2758 is beyond doubt, Taiwan (台湾) is a province of China, and there is no basis, reason, or right to participate in the United Nations and other international organizations that only sovereign states can participate in. Resolutely oppose "Taiwan independence" separatism and external interference, crack down on stubborn "Taiwan independence" elements in accordance with the law, and powerfully deter "Taiwan independence" separatist forces. China always strives for peaceful reunification with the utmost sincerity and the greatest efforts, but never promises to renounce the use of force and reserves the option of taking all necessary measures.
Safeguard border security and maritime rights and interests. Negotiated and resolved land border issues with 12 of the 14 land neighbors, and border negotiations with India (印度) and Bhutan (不丹) continue to advance. Completed the demarcation of the Beibu Gulf (北部湾) waters between China and Vietnam (越南), signed border defense cooperation agreements with 9 surrounding countries, established border defense meeting mechanisms with 12 countries, and regularly carried out friendly mutual visits, working talks, joint patrols and law enforcement, and joint exercises to combat cross-border crimes. Regular patrol and law enforcement in the Diaoyu Islands (钓鱼岛) waters. China has indisputable sovereignty over the Nansha Islands (南沙群岛) and their adjacent waters, carries out construction and facility maintenance on some of the stationed islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands, improves the working and living conditions of personnel on the islands, and provides international public safety products such as navigation, rescue, weather, and marine environmental forecasts.
(V) Ensuring the Safety and Reliability of Emerging Fields
The development of emerging fields originates from technological innovation and application and is a new territory of national security. The imbalance between technological innovation and development and security governance in emerging fields brings many new issues in terms of security, social governance, and moral ethics, which are long-term and major challenges faced by all countries. China attaches great importance to the technological development and risk prevention of emerging fields, pays attention to forward-looking prevention and constraint guidance, establishes and improves relevant laws and regulations, and gradually realizes agile governance, classified and graded management, and rapid and effective response.
Build a solid security barrier for networks, data, and artificial intelligence. Continuously strengthen the construction of network security coordination mechanisms, means, and platforms to ensure the safety and reliability of critical information infrastructure. Promulgate and implement the Data Security Law (数据安全法), and establish six data security management systems and mechanisms, including data classification and hierarchical protection, monitoring and early warning, emergency response, security review, export control, and reciprocal countermeasures. In accordance with the principle of giving equal importance to development and security and combining the promotion of innovation with governance in accordance with the law, build an artificial intelligence security supervision and evaluation system, and improve the supporting security protection system for people, technology, objects, and management.
Improve the ability to govern biosecurity. Strengthen the construction of a biosecurity risk prevention and control and governance system, establish and improve emergency plans for emergencies, improve the ability to develop new biotechnology and new drug vaccines, improve the level of biosecurity resource supervision, and strengthen the systematic governance and full-chain prevention and control of biosecurity risks.
Enhance its own nuclear safety capabilities. Take ensuring nuclear safety as an important national responsibility, implement full-chain supervision of nuclear facilities, nuclear materials, nuclear activities, and radioactive materials, continuously promote the modernization of the nuclear safety supervision system and supervision capabilities, and maintain a good nuclear safety record for a long time. (See Special Column 1)
IV. Consolidate Security in Development and Seek Development in Security
In today's era, development interests and security interests are intricately intertwined, development issues may be transformed into security risks, and the lack of security guarantees will seriously restrict development. How to handle the relationship between development and security is a common problem faced by all countries.
China attaches great importance to coordinating development and security, establishes the concept that development is the **硬道理** (yìng dào lǐ - "the absolute truth," the fundamental principle) and security is also the **硬道理** (yìng dào lǐ - "the absolute truth," the fundamental principle), and strives to achieve a virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security. Practice has proved that development is the foundation and security is the prerequisite, and development and security are the two wings of a body and the two wheels of driving. It is necessary to adhere to enhancing national security strength through development and promoting high-level security with high-quality development; it is also necessary to continuously improve security guarantee capabilities, clarify security boundaries, and adhere to the bottom line of security, so as to guarantee high-quality development with high-level security. China always adheres to the basic national policy of opening up to the outside world, emphasizing that the more open it is, the more attention should be paid to security, and strives to promote the unification of improving the level of opening up to the outside world and enhancing the ability to supervise opening up and prevent risks.
Entering the new era, China has clearly defined the coordination of development and security as one of the major principles of governing the country, incorporated it into the overall consideration of economic and social development, grasped high-quality development as the "primary task" as always, and handled the "top priority" of ensuring national security, unifying development and security, planning together, deploying as a whole, and promoting each other.
(I) Promoting the Dynamic Balance and Mutual Benefit of Development and Security
——High-quality development is the primary task, and not developing is the biggest insecurity. Take high-quality development as the **硬道理** (yìng dào lǐ - "the absolute truth," the fundamental principle) in the new era, and seek security on the basis of continuously strengthening the material and technological foundation. Practice shows that stagnation in development and reform and opening up will not only make it difficult to achieve security, but also weaken the foundation of security. China adheres to correctly handling the relationship between reform, development, and stability, unifying the intensity of reform, the speed of development, and the degree of social tolerance, and promoting social stability through reform and development.
——High-level security is a prerequisite for development, and without high-level security, there is no high-quality development. China always grasps the historical mission of national security from the overall pattern of national development, creates a good environment conducive to economic and social development by clarifying the bottom line and preventing risks, and guarantees the achievements of economic and social development.
Create a good external security environment. The current world situation is turbulent, geopolitical challenges are high and turbulent, and there are more hidden reefs and undercurrents, which puts forward higher requirements for maintaining national security. China adheres to the path of peaceful development, seeks its own development while firmly safeguarding world peace and development, and better safeguards world peace and development with its own development. Since the founding of New China (新中国), it has never proactively provoked any war or conflict. China solemnly promises to the world that it will never seek hegemony, never expand, and never seek spheres of influence. It is the only major country that has written peaceful development into the Constitution and the Party Constitution of the ruling party, and has risen to the national will. In the face of unreasonable suppression by individual countries, China never compromises on matters of principle, maintains dialogue on disputed issues, expands cooperation in mutually beneficial and win-win areas, and strives to maintain the overall stability of bilateral relations. China is committed to building the "Belt and Road (一带一路)" into a road of peace and will not repeat the old tricks of geopolitical games. On the issue of peace and security, China is the major country with the best record in the world. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization that takes the road of peaceful development. Speculating that China will "seek hegemony when it becomes strong" and rendering the "China threat theory" are purely unfounded.
Resolutely maintain social stability. China's social structure is undergoing profound changes, the Internet is profoundly changing the way people interact socially, and social concepts, social psychology, and social behavior are undergoing profound changes, which brings great challenges to social stability. China is committed to building a modern society that is both dynamic and has good order. More attention should be paid to deepening the reform of systems and mechanisms, improving the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, and realizing the benign interaction between government governance and social adjustment and resident autonomy. More attention should be paid to strengthening grassroots social governance, resolving contradictions and disputes at the grassroots level, and creating harmony and stability at the grassroots level. More attention should be paid to maintaining social fairness and justice, and ensuring that citizens' personal rights, property rights, personality rights, and basic political rights are not violated. More attention should be paid to maintaining social stability in accordance with the law, adhering to the integrated construction of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law, and a society ruled by law, implementing the responsibility system for maintaining social stability, and actively preventing and resolving social contradictions from the perspective of systems and mechanisms; protecting the safety and legitimate rights and interests of foreigners in China in accordance with the law. China's efforts to carry out anti-terrorism struggles and crack down on vicious crimes in accordance with the law have met the people's ardent expectations for social safety and stability and are a true sense of respect and protection of human rights.
Resolve various risks and challenges in high-quality development. At present, China is in a critical period of transforming its development mode, optimizing its economic structure, and transforming its growth drivers. Structural, institutional, and cyclical problems are intertwined, and high-quality development faces many uncertainties and risks and challenges. China adheres to steadily resolving risks in development and accelerating high-quality development in resolving risks. Grasp the initiative in food security, ensure the security of energy and important resources, ensure the security of the industrial chain and supply chain, and effectively resolve risks in key areas. Accelerate the construction of a new model for real estate development and actively and steadily resolve risks in the real estate sector. Deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system, improve the government debt management system, implement the largest debt support policy in recent years, and promote the restructuring, extension, and replacement of local government debt and the reform and transformation of local financing platforms. Issue special treasury bonds to support state-owned large commercial banks to replenish core tier-one capital. Coordinate the prevention of risks, strengthen supervision, and promote high-quality development of local small and medium-sized financial institutions, strictly implement access standards and supervision, and promote mergers and reorganizations to achieve reduction and quality improvement.
Promote the safe development of new technologies, new business forms, and new models. Technological innovation can spawn new industries, new models, and new momentum, which are the core elements of developing new quality productive forces and a strong driving force and support for high-quality development, but many technologies are "double-edged swords." New technologies, new business forms, and new models have become the frontier and key areas for coordinating development and security. China adheres to unifying the promotion of innovation and the prevention of risks, combining institutional norms and self-restraint, and actively and prudently promoting the development, application, and governance of new technologies. China pays attention to improving the legal system for science and technology security and is accelerating the promotion of relevant legislation in the fields of artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and autonomous driving. Pay attention to optimizing the regulatory services for emerging technologies, promote the establishment of a safety supervision system for new technologies and new business forms, and maintain a balance between industrial development and social stability. Pay attention to enhancing the inclusiveness of emerging technologies, properly handle the relationship between fairness and efficiency, capital and labor, technology and employment, improve the interest coordination mechanism, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of all parties, and allow more people to share the fruits of technological innovation.
China has grown up in the face of hardships and has grown stronger in overcoming difficulties. China's economic foundation is stable, its advantages are numerous, its resilience is strong, and its potential is great. The supporting conditions and basic trends for long-term improvement have not changed, and the development prospects are bright. It has the ability to better coordinate development and security, resolutely prevent and resolve risks in key areas, effectively respond to external shocks, stabilize expectations, stimulate vitality, promote sustained economic recovery, and maintain social harmony and stability. (See Figure 3)
(II) Promoting Mutual Promotion and Coordinated Improvement of Opening Up and Security
——Continuously develop and grow stronger in coordinating opening up and security. Properly handle the relationship between self-reliance and independent innovation and opening up and cooperation, properly handle the relationship between actively participating in the international division of labor and ensuring national security, and continuously enhance the ability to dynamically maintain national security in an open environment. Since the reform and opening up, China has continuously woven a tight safety net for opening up, successfully responded to major risks such as the Asian financial crisis and the international financial crisis, and achieved rapid development in opening up, gradually becoming the world's second largest economy, the world's largest trading country in goods, and a major trading partner of more than 150 countries and regions, with its contribution to global economic growth remaining at around 30% for many consecutive years.
——China's door to opening up will only open wider and wider. Economic globalization is the objective requirement of the development of social productive forces and the inevitable result of scientific and technological progress. It has provided a strong impetus for world economic growth and is an irreversible historical trend. In recent years, trade protectionism has risen, and individual countries have attempted to promote the return of manufacturing, which runs counter to the laws of economic development and the general trend of economic globalization. China always stands on the right side of history, opposes anti-globalization and pan-securitization, opposes unilateralism and protectionism, builds an open world economy, and promotes inclusive and mutually beneficial economic globalization.
Unswervingly promote high-level opening up to the outside world. China implements a more proactive independent opening up and unilateral opening up, and steadily expands institutional opening up. From December 1, 2024, a special preferential tax rate of zero will be applied to 100% of tariff items originating in the least developed countries that have diplomatic relations with China. Unilateral visa-free policies are implemented for personnel from 38 countries, and 240-hour transit visa-free policies are implemented for personnel from 54 countries. China will proactively connect with and actively absorb high-standard international economic and trade rules, orderly expand the opening up of markets for goods, services, capital, and labor to the outside world, and expand a high-standard free trade zone network facing the world. China is building free trade pilot zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港), and is conducting stress tests for opening up to the outside world in an orderly manner to explore effective paths for institutional opening up. China has proposed building a new development pattern with the domestic cycle as the mainstay and the domestic and international dual cycles promoting each other, which is by no means a closed domestic single cycle, but an open and mutually promoting domestic and international dual cycle.
——Improve the level of security in expanding opening up to the outside world. China attaches importance to using international common rules to maintain the safety of opening up, draws on international experience and practices, accelerates the construction of a modern risk prevention and control system and mechanism, improves the institutional system for defending against external risks under open conditions, and promotes the coordinated progress of opening up and security.
Resolutely safeguard the right to open development. Safeguarding the right to development is one of China's red lines for national security. China will resolutely and forcefully counter any attempt to undermine China's right to development. China firmly opposes the abuse of export controls and resolutely opposes unilateral sanctions and "long-arm jurisdiction." Individual countries, under the guise of security, have launched tariff wars, trade wars, technology wars, and public opinion wars against China, seriously threatening China's security and development. Recently, the United States has announced the imposition of tariffs on all trading partners, including China, under various pretexts, seriously infringing upon the legitimate rights and interests of all countries, seriously violating the rules of the World Trade Organization, seriously undermining the rule-based multilateral trading system, and seriously impacting the stability of the global economic order. The Chinese government strongly condemns and firmly opposes this. China's adoption of necessary and reasonable countermeasures is entirely a legitimate defense in accordance with international law and common international practice. China's determination to safeguard the right to open development is unwavering, and it will continue to improve its mechanisms for countering sanctions, countering interference, and countering "long-arm jurisdiction," enrich its toolbox of countermeasures, and firmly defend its national development rights.
Strive to promote the orderly flow of factors of production. Economic globalization relies on the safe and orderly flow of factors of production around the world. Following international practices, China is improving its export control system, comprehensively strengthening intellectual property protection, building a legitimate, safe, and orderly entry-exit management order, optimizing policies and measures to facilitate foreigners coming to China, promoting the legal and orderly cross-border flow of capital, talent, and technology, and promoting the efficient allocation of global factors of production. Data has become a new and important factor of production globally. Drawing on existing international practices and focusing on promoting the coordination and consistency of global data security protection standards, China has formulated and implemented laws and regulations such as the Cybersecurity Law, the Data Security Law, and the Personal Information Protection Law, enhancing its cybersecurity protection capabilities and data security supervision capabilities. China itself is a victim of international cyberattacks and has consistently opposed and combated cyberattacks of any form. The claim that China is carrying out cyberattacks has neither evidence nor reason. China insists on unifying development and management in accordance with the law, encouraging the legal, reasonable, and effective use of data and ensuring the legal, orderly, and free flow of data, while ensuring national data security. China's data security review targets activities that affect or may affect national security and does not affect the normal cross-border flow of corporate and individual data.
Resolutely defend its legitimate security interests in accordance with the law. China emphasizes the use of the rule of law thinking and the rule of law methods to safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests in an open environment. Strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law, timely introducing laws and regulations such as the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law, the Foreign Relations Law, and the Export Control Law, continuously strengthening international cooperation in law enforcement and justice, steadily improving the level of foreign-related legal services, and legally protecting the safety of overseas personnel, institutions, and assets. Promulgating the Foreign Investment Law and establishing a foreign investment security review system to conduct security reviews of foreign investments that affect or may affect national security. Revising and improving the Anti-Espionage Law, using legal means to prevent espionage activities, and clarifying the boundaries between illegal and legal activities. These measures are only aimed at behaviors that endanger China's legitimate national interests and are intended to provide security guarantees for a higher level of opening up to the outside world, and do not affect normal commercial exchanges, scientific research cooperation, academic exchanges, and non-governmental exchanges.
Openness is a distinct symbol of Chinese-style modernization. Over the past 40 years, China's economic development and social stability have been achieved under conditions of openness, and China's future achievement of high-quality development and high-level security must also be carried out under conditions of openness. No matter how the international situation changes, China will expand its independent opening up and proactive opening up on the basis of ensuring security, so that the door to opening up to the outside world will become wider and wider.
V. Practicing the Global Security Initiative and Promoting International Common Security
Humanity is a whole, the Earth is a homeland, and global challenges require global responses. Old thinking such as spheres of influence, hegemonic stability, and alliance systems cannot cope with new security challenges, and achieving international common security requires new concepts and new methods.
(I) The Global Security Initiative Contributes Chinese Wisdom
China's proposal of the Global Security Initiative responds to the urgent need of the international community to maintain world peace and prevent conflicts and wars, echoes the universal desire of the vast majority of countries to demand win-win cooperation and oppose hegemony, domination, and bullying, and conforms to the common pursuit of the people of all countries to build a world of lasting peace and universal security, providing a new solution for eliminating the root causes of international conflicts, responding to global security challenges, and improving global security governance. As of the end of 2024, it has received support and appreciation from 119 countries and international organizations and has been written into 123 bilateral and multilateral political documents.
The Global Security Initiative is not only the "security chapter" of the community of human destiny, but also the "world chapter" of the overall national security concept; it is not only China's answer to global security governance, but also a dialectical understanding of its own security and international common security. It is rooted in China's independent and peaceful foreign policy and practice, and originates from the Chinese culture and wisdom of emphasizing good faith and harmony.
The core concepts and principles of the Global Security Initiative are to adhere to a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept; to adhere to respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries; to adhere to the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter; to adhere to attaching importance to the reasonable security concerns of all countries; to adhere to resolving differences and disputes between countries peacefully through dialogue and consultation; and to adhere to coordinating the maintenance of security in traditional and non-traditional fields. Common means respecting and guaranteeing the security of every country; comprehensive means coordinating the maintenance of security in traditional and non-traditional fields and coordinating the promotion of security governance; cooperation means promoting the security of all countries and regions through dialogue and cooperation; and sustainable means giving equal importance to development and security to achieve lasting security.
Faced with global challenges such as climate change and cybersecurity, no country can be immune, nor should any country become an island. China advocates common security, equal security interests for all countries, and the legitimate and reasonable security concerns of any country should be valued and properly resolved. No country can place its own security above the security of other countries, let alone at the expense of the security of other countries. Building a balanced, effective, and sustainable security architecture is an effective way to achieve common security.
Pursuing strength first and absolute security will only lead to a security dilemma. Drawing lines based on ideology and engaging in camp-based and exclusive "small circles" aimed at specific countries will only create division and confrontation. Sanctions and interference will only make things more chaotic, there are no winners in conflicts and wars, and prioritizing one's own country and the winner takes all will only lead to total loss. China advocates cooperative security, adheres to dialogue, cooperation, and win-win results, and resolves differences and disputes peacefully.
China advocates strengthening global security governance, practicing the global governance concept of consultation, joint construction, and sharing, adhering to true multilateralism, advocating strict adherence to international rule of law, and promoting the transformation of the global security governance system in a more just and reasonable direction, reflecting the will and interests of the majority of countries more balancedly, and better meeting the practical needs of responding to global challenges.
(II) Promoting the Implementation of the Initiative to Enhance Common Security
--Supporting the United Nations as the Core Platform for All Countries to Jointly Maintain Universal Security
All countries in the world should maintain the international system with the United Nations as the core, the international order based on international law, and the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter. China has always regarded safeguarding the authority of the United Nations and maintaining the post-World War II international order as its responsibility. China actively supports the United Nations in carrying out mediation in accordance with its authorization, supports the Security Council in playing a primary role in peace and security issues, strives to maintain the authority and unity of the Security Council, and constructively participates in discussions on international security affairs. The reform of the Security Council should adhere to democratic consultation, improve the representation and voice of developing countries, especially African countries, and effectively correct historical injustices.
Firmly support the United Nations in improving its ability to fulfill its mandate in peacekeeping operations. China is the second largest contributor to the United Nations regular budget and the second largest contributor to peacekeeping assessments, and is also the largest troop- and police-contributing country among the permanent members of the Security Council. Support the United Nations in playing a central coordinating role in the international fight against terrorism, playing a leading role in global digital governance and rule-making, supporting the World Health Organization (WHO) in playing a leading and coordinating role in global health affairs, and supporting UNESCO in promoting global education, science, technology, and cultural development, and promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations and inclusive cooperation.
--Promoting the Building of a World of Universal Security
The China-Russia New Era Comprehensive Strategic Partnership of Coordination continues to deepen, setting a model for friendly exchanges between major neighboring countries. The China-Russia relationship has strong endogenous动力 (dòng lì - "driving force," inherent power) and unique strategic value, is based on non-alignment, non-confrontation, and non-targeting of third parties, and is not affected by any third party, nor is it interfered with or coerced by external factors.
China has always handled China-U.S. relations in accordance with the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation, and is committed to the stable, healthy, and sustainable development of China-U.S. relations, and continuing the traditional friendship between the Chinese and American people. In exchanges between the two major countries of China and the United States, neither side can suppress the other from the so-called "position of strength," nor can it deprive the other of its legitimate right to development in order to maintain its own leading position. The four red lines of the Taiwan issue, democracy and human rights, the path and system, and the right to development cannot be challenged. The one-China principle and the three joint communiqués between China and the United States are the political foundation of bilateral relations and must be strictly observed. The "Thucydides Trap" is not the fate of history, a "new Cold War" cannot be fought and will not be won, and containing China is unwise, undesirable, and will not succeed. China is willing to work with the United States to explore the correct way for the two major countries to get along on this planet, benefiting both countries and the world.
China has always regarded Europe as a partner, believing that Europe is an important pole in a multipolar world, and supports Europe in strengthening its strategic autonomy. China is committed to developing a comprehensive strategic partnership with Europe, and is willing to work with Europe to jointly maintain free trade, jointly defend multilateralism, and jointly actively respond to global challenges such as climate change.
Adhere to developing good-neighborly and friendly relations with neighboring countries. As of March 2025, China has reached a consensus with 17 neighboring countries, including Pakistan and Indonesia, on building a community of common destiny, supports and improves regional security cooperation centered on ASEAN, opposes dividing the region by using the "Indo-Pacific Strategy," opposes piecing together an "Asia-Pacific version of NATO," opposes NATO's overstepping its authority, and opposes some countries engaging in nuclear sharing, extended deterrence, and the deployment of land-based intermediate-range missiles in the Asia-Pacific region. Committed to working with ASEAN countries to jointly maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea, actively promoting the consultation process of the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea," adhering to resolving disputes through dialogue and consultation, adhering to achieving win-win results through mutually beneficial cooperation, and building the South China Sea into a sea of peace, friendship, and cooperation. China advocates that countries outside the region respect the efforts of regional countries and opposes individual countries provoking trouble for their own selfish interests.
As a developing country and a member of the "Global South," China is committed to jointly promoting the cause of the "Global South," supporting "Global South" countries in strengthening global security governance, exploring ways to address both the symptoms and root causes of hotspot issues, and jointly becoming a stable force for maintaining peace, a backbone force for open development, a constructive force for global governance, and a promoting force for mutual learning among civilizations.
Always be a builder of peace in the Middle East. Support Middle Eastern countries in uniting and cooperating to solve regional security issues, put forward a five-point initiative to achieve security and stability in the Middle East, put forward a four-point proposal for building a new security architecture in the Middle East, facilitated the reconciliation between Saudi Arabia and Iran, and is committed to promoting a comprehensive, just, and lasting solution to the Palestinian issue at an early date.
Support African countries in enhancing their ability to independently maintain peace, support Latin American and Caribbean countries in opposing external interference and maintaining their own peace and stability, and assist Pacific island countries in responding to global challenges such as marine disasters and sea-level rise.
--Constructively Participating in the Political Settlement of International and Regional Hotspot Issues
On the Ukraine issue, adhere to objectivity and fairness, actively promote peace and talks, put forward "four shoulds," "four commons," and "three points of reflection," released "China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis," jointly released "Six-Point Consensus" with Brazil, jointly launched the "Friends of Peace" group with "Global South" countries, resolutely safeguard the consensus that "nuclear war cannot be won and must not be fought," and actively promote the implementation of the "Joint Statement of the Leaders of the Five Nuclear-Weapon States on Preventing Nuclear War and Avoiding Arms Race," playing an important role in preventing the escalation of the Ukraine crisis into a nuclear conflict. China supports all efforts conducive to peace, and at the same time believes that all parties and stakeholders should participate in the peace negotiation process in due course.
Loudly call for a ceasefire in the new round of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, work hard to protect civilians, contribute to humanitarian assistance, promote the Security Council to pass the first resolution on a ceasefire in Gaza, facilitate the holding of reconciliation talks among various Palestinian factions and sign the "Beijing Declaration on Ending Division and Strengthening Palestinian National Unity," provide multiple batches of humanitarian aid to Gaza, and is committed to promoting the Palestinian issue back to the correct track of the "two-state solution."
Unremittingly committed to the political settlement of the Korean Peninsula issue, and simultaneously promoting the construction of a peace mechanism on the Peninsula and the denuclearization process on the Peninsula, and resolving the reasonable concerns of all parties in a balanced manner. Actively mediate peace in northern Myanmar and support Myanmar's political reconciliation and transition process. Support Afghanistan's peaceful reconstruction, actively carry out international coordination, and provide humanitarian assistance.
--Actively Participating in Global Security Governance
China is the only one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council that has pledged not to be the first to use nuclear weapons, and has pledged unconditionally not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states or nuclear-weapon-free zones, and has always maintained its nuclear forces at the minimum level required for national security. China actively participates in international arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation processes, and promotes the resumption of negotiations on the implementation of the Iranian nuclear agreement.
Always participate in the global climate negotiation agenda and international rule-making with a positive attitude, and unremittingly provide financial and technical support within its capacity to developing countries to improve environmental governance.
Support the resolute fight against terrorism in all its forms, and actively advocate regional counter-terrorism cooperation. Firmly support the fight against transnational crime, launch the Greater Mekong Subregion Drug Control Cooperation Mechanism, carry out drug enforcement cooperation with Australia, Cambodia, Vietnam and other countries, and carry out a special joint operation by the police of China, Thailand, Myanmar and Laos to combat gambling and fraud groups. China is the first country in the world to formally classify fentanyl-like substances as a whole.
Be responsible for global public health security. As of the end of 2024, China has dispatched more than 30,000 medical team members to 77 countries and regions, benefiting 300 million patients. In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, China shared its anti-epidemic experience without reservation and fully helped the international community fight the epidemic.
Actively promote the improvement of the global food and energy security governance system, put forward the International Food Security Cooperation Initiative under the G20 framework, and promote the adoption of the "BRICS Food Security Cooperation Strategy" and the "Statement of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on Maintaining International Energy Security."
--Promoting Security Cooperation in Emerging Fields
Advocate building a peaceful, secure, open, cooperative, and orderly cyberspace, and actively expand cybersecurity cooperation with BRICS countries, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the five Central Asian countries, and African countries.
Advocate reaching global digital governance rules that reflect the wishes of all parties and respect the interests of all parties, actively participate in the UN Global Digital Compact, and propose the Global Data Security Initiative and the Global Initiative on Cooperation on Cross-border Data Flows.
Adhere to openness without building walls, interconnection without decoupling, equality without discrimination, create an open, inclusive, universal, and non-discriminatory artificial intelligence development environment, and release the Global Artificial Intelligence Governance Initiative. Propose governance concepts such as people-oriented, intelligent for good, universal and inclusive, promote the UN General Assembly to unanimously adopt a resolution on strengthening international cooperation in artificial intelligence capacity building, and establish a Friends Group for International Cooperation on Artificial Intelligence Capacity Building. As a responsible major country, China has taken the initiative to optimize and adjust its drone export control policies and prohibit the export of all civilian drones for military purposes.
Committed to the peaceful use of outer space, resolutely opposed to the weaponization of outer space and the arms race in outer space, and actively participated in the United Nations outer space security governance. The 77th and 78th United Nations General Assembly's Disarmament and International Security Committee voted in favor of the resolutions "No First Placement of Weapons in Outer Space" and "Further Practical Measures for the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space" jointly proposed by China, Russia (俄罗斯), and other countries.
On the basis of safeguarding its own legitimate rights and interests, constructively participated in the formulation of the "Agreement on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea" and the "Regulations on the Exploitation of Mineral Resources in the International Seabed Area"; carried out international cooperation in scientific expeditions and environmental protection in the South and North Poles.
VI. Promoting the Modernization of the National Security System and Capacity in Deepening Reform
Promoting the modernization of the national security system and capacity is an important part of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. It is an inherent requirement for actively responding to risks and challenges and serving the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and it is also an objective need to actively adapt to the changes in the world and improve global security governance.
Entering the new era, China (中国) has comprehensively deepened reform and, with great political courage, started the process of modernizing the national security system and capacity. By establishing the National Security Commission of the Central Committee (中央国家安全委员会), it has established a centralized, unified, efficient, and authoritative national security leadership system and working mechanism. It has promulgated a series of national security laws and regulations with the National Security Law (国家安全法) as the lead, initially forming a national security legal system. It has formulated the "National Security Strategy Outline" (国家安全战略纲要) and the "National Security Strategy (2021-2025)" (国家安全战略（2021—2025年）), and issued a series of national security strategies and policies in key areas, initially forming a national security strategy system and policy system. It has strengthened risk prevention and emergency response, and the risk monitoring and early warning system and the overall security and emergency framework covering all fields and operating at multiple levels have taken initial shape. It has adjusted the layout of national security forces, strengthened security capacity building in key areas, strengthened national security education, and established the basic framework for the modernization of the national security system and capacity, laying a good foundation for the next stage of tackling difficulties and continuously improving.
In the new era and on the new journey, China (中国) will further comprehensively deepen reform, pay more attention to coordinating development and security, place safeguarding national security in a more prominent position, and accelerate the modernization of the national security system and capacity.
--Clarify goals. Focus on building a higher level of safe China (中国), improve the national security system, strengthen the integrated national strategic system, enhance the ability to safeguard national security, innovate social governance systems and mechanisms and means, and effectively build a new security pattern. By 2035, comprehensively strengthen the national security system and capacity to build a solid security barrier for basically realizing socialist modernization.
--Improve the layout. A unified layout will be carried out from four aspects: the national security system, the public safety governance mechanism, the social governance system, and the foreign-related national security mechanism, connecting national security and social stability, domestic and international, top-level and grassroots, traditional security and non-traditional security, to achieve full coverage of national security.
--Highlight the main line. Taking reform and innovation as the driving force, and systematization and mechanization as the main line, improve the system and mechanism for safeguarding national security, pay more attention to collaborative efficiency, the rule of law thinking, technological empowerment, and the grassroots foundation, and realize the virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security.
(I) Improve the Linked and Efficient National Security System
The national security system is a concentrated reflection of the national security system and its implementation capabilities. Efforts should be made to promote the organic connection, system integration, linkage, and efficiency of all aspects of the national security system construction, and form a systematic synergy and combat effectiveness. (See Figure 4)
Improve the national security work system and mechanism. Adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee (党中央) over national security work, improve the efficient and authoritative national security leadership system, improve the security guarantee system in key areas and the coordination and command system for important special projects, and improve the national security crisis management mechanism, supervision and inspection mechanism, and accountability mechanism.
Improve the national security legal system. Actively promote national security legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas, improve the foreign-related laws and regulations system and the rule of law implementation system, improve the national security Party (党) regulations system, and remove the pain points and blockages in legislation, law enforcement, justice, and popularization of law.
Improve the national security strategy system and policy system. Dynamically improve and adjust the national security strategy to better play the role of strategic macro guidance and overall coordination. Continuously improve national security policies in key areas, strengthen the consistency assessment with macro policy orientations, and increase the implementation of policies.
Improve the national security risk monitoring and early warning system. Increase basic investment in the construction, operation, and maintenance of monitoring and early warning infrastructure, the construction of indicator and standard systems, and risk investigation and statistical surveys, strengthen the construction of talent teams and policy support guarantees, promote the effective connection of risk monitoring, research and judgment, early warning, and disposal, and improve the scientific, standardized, and refined level of monitoring and early warning.
Improve the national emergency management system. Improve the disposal and guarantee system for major public emergencies, improve the emergency command mechanism under the overall security and emergency framework, strengthen the construction of national regional emergency forces, and improve the comprehensive disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief system.
(II) Forge Practical and Useful National Security Capabilities
National security capability is the ability of a country to rationally allocate strategic resources to ensure a relatively continuous state of security. Focusing on achieving national security strategic goals, based on the implementation of major national strategies and the construction of security capabilities in key areas, steadily promote the modernization of national security capabilities.
Strengthen social governance. Adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era and enhance the ability to prevent and resolve social conflicts and disputes. Strengthen the overall prevention and control of social security. Improve the social work system and mechanism, improve the social psychological service system and crisis intervention mechanism, and promote the downward shift of the focus of social governance and services to the grassroots level.
Consolidate the basic guarantees. Implement the diversification strategy of energy supply and improve the overall planning and connection system for the exploration, production, supply, storage, and sale of strategic mineral resources. Continuously improve the comprehensive production and supply guarantee capacity of grain. Deepen the reform of the talent development system and mechanism, and strengthen the cultivation and selection of national security professional and compound talents.
Build a solid military and national defense barrier. Thoroughly implement the chairman responsibility system of the Central Military Commission (军委主席负责制), and improve the leadership and management system and mechanism of the People's Liberation Army (人民解放军). Continuously deepen the reform of the joint operations system, and coordinate the construction of military forces and military struggle preparation in the traditional security field and the new security field. Deepen cross-military and local reforms, optimize the layout of the national defense science and technology industry, build an advanced national defense science and technology industry system, and consolidate and improve the integrated national strategic system and capacity.
Promote technological empowerment. In response to the major needs in the field of national security, carry out key core technology research with a new type of national system. Increase the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces, strengthen the transformation and application of new technologies in the field of national security, and promote the construction of new domain and new quality capabilities in national security.
Strengthen international coordination. Improve the foreign-related national security mechanism, promote the overall stability and balanced development of major-country relations, deepen friendly mutual trust and integration of interests with neighboring countries, strengthen unity and cooperation among "Global South" countries, and guide the international community to jointly safeguard international security.
Improve the quality and effectiveness of publicity and education. Strengthen national security publicity and education and enhance the national security awareness of all people. Strengthen the construction of national security disciplines, improve the level of national security research, and strengthen the training of national security talents. Build a new era of national security discourse system and narrative system, and refine and deepen the external promotion of the overall national security concept.
Concluding remarks
In the new era, China's (中国) national security has developed in comprehensively deepening reform, grown in the great struggle, and grown stronger in the construction of Chinese-style modernization, and will practice its mission in the process of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
Along the way, China's (中国) national security has relied on the people to overcome difficulties and obstacles; on the new journey, it is still necessary to rely on the people to create history. If everyone is of one mind, we can build a new Great Wall (长城) of national security that is indestructible, overcome all risks and challenges on the road ahead, and win opportunities for peaceful development.
China (中国) cherishes the hard-won security and always takes safeguarding the people's security and maintaining world peace as its own responsibility. China (中国) adheres to leading peaceful development, adheres to promoting world stability and prosperity, and while pursuing its own security, will work with all countries to jointly discuss, build, and share international common security, and strive for lasting peace and universal security in the world. (See attachment)
(Xinhua News Agency (新华社), Beijing (北京), May 12)
Return to TopBy: 中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室
目录
前 言
一、China Injects Certainty and Stability into a World of Turbulence and Change
(I) The World Stands at a Historical Crossroads Amidst New Turmoil and Transformation
(II) The Asia-Pacific Faces Severe Challenges Amidst Overall Stability
(III) China Maintains Steadfast Resilience While Defusing Risks
II. The Holistic Approach to National Security Guides National Security in the New Era
(I) Grasping the Overall Situation as the Key
(II) Practicing the Purpose of People's Security
(III) Insisting on Placing Political Security First
(IV) Adhering to the Principle of Safeguarding National Interests
(V) Preventing and Resolving National Security Risks
(VI) Promoting International Common Security
(VII) Strengthening the Party's Absolute Leadership over National Security Work
III. Providing Solid Support for the Steady and Long-term Progress of Chinese-style Modernization
(I) Safeguarding the Ruling Position of the Party and the Socialist System
(II) Enhancing the People's Sense of Gain, Happiness, and Security
(III) Ensuring High-Quality Development
(IV) Safeguarding National Territorial Integrity and Maritime Rights and Interests
(V) Ensuring the Safety and Reliability of Emerging Fields
IV. Consolidating Security in Development and Seeking Development in Security
(I) Promoting a Dynamic Balance and Mutual Reinforcement between Development and Security
(II) Promoting Mutual Promotion and Synergistic Improvement between Opening Up and Security
V. Practicing the Global Security Initiative and Promoting International Common Security
(I) The Global Security Initiative Contributes Chinese Wisdom
(II) Promoting the Implementation of the Initiative to Enhance Common Security
VI. Promoting the Modernization of the National Security System and Capacity in Deepening Reform
(I) Improving a Coordinated and Efficient National Security System
(II) Forging a Practical and Effective National Security Capability
Concluding Remarks
Appendix: List of Key Laws in the Field of National Security in the New Era
前 言
National security is of paramount importance to a great nation.
For five thousand years, the Chinese nation has strived for peace and tranquility.
Since the Opium War, the Chinese people have risen up to resist in order to save the nation from peril.
Since its founding, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has shouldered the historical mission of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, united and led the Chinese people, and after 28 years of bloody struggle, established the People's Republic of China (PRC), realizing national independence and people's liberation.
Since the founding of the PRC, under the leadership of the CPC, the Chinese people have relied on their own efforts and worked hard, successfully opening up a path of national security with Chinese characteristics. China has defeated the aggression, sabotage, and armed provocations of imperialism and hegemonism, and defended national sovereignty and the people's democratic regime; unswervingly promoted national reunification, promoted cross-strait relations from isolation to exchanges, and realized the smooth return of Hong Kong (香港) and Macao (澳门); correctly handled the relationship between reform, development, and stability, and wrote the "two miracles" of rapid economic development and long-term social stability; adhered to the path of peaceful development, and created a good security environment for reform, opening up, and modernization.
Entering the new era, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has creatively put forward a holistic view of national security, established the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会), comprehensively deepened the reform of the national security system and mechanism, accelerated the modernization of the national security system and capacity, and national security has been comprehensively strengthened. China has not yielded an inch on matters of principle, has carried out a great struggle with many new historical characteristics, and has withstood the tests of risks and challenges from politics, economy, ideology, and nature. National security work has achieved historic achievements and undergone historic changes, providing a strong security guarantee for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and embarking on a new journey of building a modern socialist country in all respects.
China's national security in the new era is holistic, systematic, and relatively large-scale security, which takes people's security as its purpose, political security as its foundation, and national interests as its criterion. It is security that serves and promotes high-quality development, security that is dynamically adjusted according to economic and social development, security that supports further expansion of high-level opening up, and security that operates in a standardized manner on the track of the rule of law. China coordinates its own security and common security, opposes the generalization of security, does not implement security coercion, does not accept threats and pressure, adheres to independence and self-reliance, puts solving security problems on the basis of its own strength, and adheres to the path of national security with Chinese characteristics.
National security is an important foundation for the steady and long-term progress of Chinese-style modernization. In order to comprehensively explain the innovative concepts, vivid practices, and construction achievements of China's national security work in the new era, share experiences and practices, and work with other countries to promote world peace and development, and promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Chinese government hereby releases this white paper.
I. China Injects Certainty and Stability into a World of Turbulence and Change
At present, China has entered a critical period of comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization. Faced with the complex situation of deepening adverse effects brought about by changes in the external environment and increasing internal risks and challenges, China coordinates the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the major changes unseen in a century in the world, and the national security situation maintains overall stability and progress, jointly maintaining regional peace and development with Asia-Pacific countries, and injecting reliable stability into a turbulent world.
(I) The World Stands at a Historical Crossroads Amidst New Turmoil and Transformation
In the 20th century, human society suffered the catastrophe of two world wars and fell into the quagmire of the Cold War for nearly half a century. Prolonged panic and unease enveloped the globe. Avoiding future generations from suffering the scourge of war was the common expectation of people at that time.
At present, the changes of the world, the changes of the times, and the changes of history are unfolding in unprecedented ways. Multiple contradictions and risks are intertwined, and the peace deficit, development deficit, security deficit, and governance deficit are increasing. Human society faces a critical choice between peace and war, prosperity and recession, unity and confrontation, and once again stands at a historical crossroads.
Geopolitical conflicts have intensified. Hegemonism, power politics, and Cold War mentality have resurfaced. Acts of hegemony, domineering, and bullying, such as relying on the strong to bully the weak, plundering by force, and zero-sum games, are deeply harmful. Individual major countries disregard international responsibilities, "withdraw from treaties and groups," and undermine global stability. Local conflicts and turbulence occur frequently. The international arms race continues to escalate. Populism and extreme political ideologies are on the rise. Policy adjustments in some countries have produced serious negative spillover effects.
Economic globalization has encountered headwinds. Unilateralism and protectionism have intensified, the multilateral trading system has been obstructed, and "building walls and barriers" and "decoupling and breaking chains" have undermined the security of global industrial and supply chains. Individual countries impose tariffs on other countries for non-economic reasons, disrupting the global economic order. The world economy lacks growth momentum, international economic cycles encounter obstacles, and the global development gap widens.
Non-traditional security challenges have increased. Extreme climate disasters occur frequently, and ecological, food, and energy security are facing severe challenges. Terrorism, separatism, religious extremist forces, and major transnational epidemics pose serious threats to security. Security issues in space, the deep sea, the polar regions, and cyberspace continue to emerge.
The "double-edged sword" effect of the new round of technological revolution is prominent. Cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, quantum technology, and biotechnology are accelerating their development. While empowering mankind to understand and transform the world, they also bring a series of unpredictable risks and challenges, which have a profound impact on the national security and social stability of various countries, and may even reshape the global security landscape.
At the same time, the historical trend of peace, development, cooperation, and win-win results is unstoppable, and the general direction of human development and progress and the general logic of the tortuous advancement of world history have not changed. The balance of international forces is undergoing profound adjustments, and the "Global South" is growing stronger, playing a more important role in promoting world peace and jointly responding to global challenges, and is increasingly becoming a mainstay of stability, goodness, and progress. Tranquility and harmony, prosperity and development are still the common aspirations and pursuits of people all over the world. All countries have boarded a large ship with a shared destiny. No country can retreat to a self-enclosed island. The only way out for mankind is to work together in harmony and coexist in harmony.
(II) The Asia-Pacific Faces Severe Challenges Amidst Overall Stability
The Asia-Pacific region has an important strategic position in the world pattern and is an important engine of global economic prosperity. The Asia-Pacific region has maintained overall peace for nearly half a century, and no large-scale armed conflicts have broken out. However, as the world's economic and strategic center of gravity continues to shift to the Asia-Pacific region, the security of the Asia-Pacific region faces many severe challenges.
The Asia-Pacific region is a stable part of the global landscape. Promoting peace, seeking stability, and seeking development are the strategic orientations and common demands of most countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Handling differences and disputes through dialogue and consultation is the main policy orientation of countries in the region. Most countries adhere to true multilateralism and open regionalism, and the regional economic integration process enhances political mutual trust among countries in the region. The construction of regional security mechanisms is constantly advancing, and regional and sub-regional security cooperation is constantly deepening.
The Asia-Pacific region has become a focus of major power games. Individual countries strengthen military alliances in the Asia-Pacific, woo regional allies, build exclusive "small groups," and insist on promoting military deployments, including intermediate-range missile systems, which seriously exacerbate regional tensions. Some Cold War legacy issues are in danger of re-heating, and the difficulty and complexity of handling unresolved territorial and maritime rights disputes have increased after the intervention of external forces.
Faced with a turbulent world and a turbulent Asia-Pacific, China always stands on the right side of history and on the side of human progress, stabilizing the uncertain world with China's certainty. China will always be a firm force in safeguarding national interests. No amount of extreme pressure, threats, or blackmail can shake the unity of the 1.4 billion Chinese people. China will always be a just force in maintaining world peace and stability, continue to expand equal, open, and cooperative global partnerships, actively practice the Chinese approach to resolving hotspot issues, write a new chapter of unity and self-reliance with the "Global South," and make peaceful development a common choice for all countries in the world. China will always be a progressive force in safeguarding international fairness and justice, adhere to true multilateralism, keep in mind the future of mankind and the well-being of the people, promote global governance through consultation, joint construction, and sharing, abide by the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, and build broader consensus for building an equal and orderly multipolar world. China will always be a constructive force in promoting global common development, expand high-level opening up to the outside world, share the broad opportunities of Chinese-style modernization with all countries, maintain the multilateral trading system, create an open, inclusive, and non-discriminatory international cooperation environment, and promote inclusive and inclusive economic globalization.
(III) China Maintains Steadfast Resilience While Defusing Risks
Entering the new era, China's comprehensive national strength, international influence, and ability to resist risks have been significantly enhanced. It has continued to maintain political stability, ethnic unity, social stability, and economic development, and is one of the safest countries in the world.
At the same time, with the world's great development, great changes, and great adjustments, China is further comprehensively deepening reform, facing both new development opportunities and risks and tests; facing both global and regional common security risks, and facing special security challenges at a critical stage of national rejuvenation.
External security pressure has increased. Western anti-China forces are doing everything possible to encircle, suppress, and contain China, implement Westernization and division strategies against China, and carry out infiltration and sabotage activities. External forces have increased their efforts to interfere in China's surrounding affairs, posing a threat to China's border, border, and surrounding security. Individual countries rudely interfere in China's internal affairs, create disturbances in the Taiwan Strait (台海), the South China Sea (南海), and the East China Sea (东海), and frequently create disturbances on issues involving Xinjiang (涉疆), Tibet (涉藏), and Hong Kong (涉港). Some external forces are deliberately playing the "Taiwan card," and the "Taiwan independence" forces stubbornly adhere to their separatist stance and take risks to provoke. Overseas "Tibetan independence" (藏独), "East Turkistan" (东突), and other separatist forces are active.
Risks in key areas are complex and diverse. Traditional and non-traditional security threats are intertwined and integrated. Some key core technologies are still subject to others, the foundation for economic recovery is not yet solid, and situations that affect social security and stability, such as major natural disasters, work safety accidents, public health incidents, and vicious criminal incidents, still occur from time to time, and the safety of overseas institutions, projects, and personnel faces realistic risks.
In general, the connotation and extension of China's national security in the new era are richer than at any time in history, the space-time domain is wider than at any time in history, and internal and external factors are more complex than at any time in history. China puts national security in a more prominent position, resolutely withstands and counterattacks external containment and suppression, runs security and development through all fields and the entire process of national development, strives to improve the level of public security governance, and effectively safeguards national sovereignty, security, and development interests, and successfully continues to write a new chapter in the "two miracles" of rapid economic development and long-term social stability.
Looking to the future, China's ability to maintain and shape national security is unprecedented, and its determination is unwavering. With the strong leadership of the CPC, the significant advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the solid foundation accumulated by continuous and rapid development, and the unity of the 1.4 billion Chinese people, the historical process of China's comprehensive promotion of the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation is unstoppable, and it will surely make new and greater contributions to maintaining regional stability and prosperity and promoting world peace and development.
II. The Holistic Approach to National Security Guides National Security in the New Era
In the course of more than 5,000 years of development, the Chinese nation has created a vast and profound brilliant culture, which contains rich strategic ideas of national security, such as paying attention to the awareness of adversity, "being safe without forgetting danger, existing without forgetting death, and governing without forgetting chaos"; highlighting the people-oriented ideology, "**民惟邦本，本固邦宁**" (mín wéi bāng běn, běn gù bāng níng - "the people are the foundation of the country, and the foundation is solid and the country is peaceful," the people are the foundation of the state, if the people are content, the state will be stable); advocating trustworthiness and good neighborliness, "being kind to neighbors is a treasure of the country"; striving for both internal and external considerations, "internal affairs are civilized and harmonious, and external affairs are martial and righteous," and so on. These traditional Chinese national security concepts have become more and more new over time and have played a positive role in stabilizing the country and eliminating internal and external disasters.
Since the founding of the PRC, Chinese leaders have attached great importance to national security. Mao Zedong (毛泽东) put forward the strategy of dividing the world into three, Deng Xiaoping (邓小平) made the major judgment that peace and development are the themes of the current era, Jiang Zemin (江泽民) proposed establishing a new security concept of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, and cooperation, and Hu Jintao (胡锦涛) emphasized adhering to the path of peaceful development. These national security strategic ideas have played an important role in maintaining national security and promoting world peace.
Entering the new era, on April 15, 2014, at the first plenary meeting of the Central National Security Commission, General Secretary Xi Jinping creatively put forward a holistic view of national security. The holistic view of national security comprehensively draws on the essence of outstanding traditional Chinese culture, systematically summarizes the theoretical achievements and practical experience of the CPC in maintaining national security, and is the first major strategic thought since the founding of the PRC that has been established as the guiding ideology for national security work. It is an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and is an important ideological and theoretical contribution of contemporary China to the world.
The holistic view of national security is rooted in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which must not only solve the common security problems faced by all countries in the world, but also properly handle the unique security problems of a large eastern country. As a large socialist country, China must ensure that the leadership of the CPC and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics do not change color; as a super-large country with a population of more than 1.4 billion, with a vast territory and many ethnic groups, it must maintain national unity and ethnic unity, and resolutely oppose any form of separatist activities; as one of the countries with many neighboring countries, long land and sea borders, and complex surrounding security situations, it must consolidate its surrounding strategic support; as a large country in a critical stage of national rejuvenation, it is becoming more and more difficult and dangerous, and it must promote the benign interaction between high-quality development and high-level security; as a large country that adheres to the path of peaceful development, it must promote the coordination between its own security and common security.
The Overall National Security Concept was established through profound reflection on the general trend of the times and developed through unremitting exploration of the path of national security with Chinese characteristics. It contains the values, ideas, working methods, and mechanisms for China's national security governance. The Overall National Security Concept emphasizes adhering to people's security as its purpose, political security as its foundation, economic security as its basis, military, technological, cultural, and social security as its guarantee, and promoting international security as its support. It coordinates development and security, internal and external security, homeland and national security, traditional and non-traditional security, and its own security and common security. It coordinates the maintenance and shaping of national security, and guarantees a new development pattern with a new security pattern.
(1) Grasping the Overall as the Key
The key to the Overall National Security Concept lies in "overall," and "overall" is the soul of China's national security in the new era. It highlights the concept of comprehensive security, covering many fields such as politics, military affairs, land, economy, finance, culture, society, technology, network, food, ecology, resources, nuclear, overseas interests, space, deep sea, polar regions, biology, artificial intelligence, and data, and is constantly dynamically adjusted with social development. Comprehensive security is the maintenance of national survival and sustainable development under the new situation, but it is not a generalization of security, let alone the pursuit of absolute security. Comprehensive security creates conditions for national overall security by focusing on the security of one place, one region, and one industry, and consolidates the foundation for long-term national stability by solving security problems in a timely and effective manner. It is necessary to adhere to systematic thinking, strengthen scientific coordination, comprehensively consider various security factors, properly handle major relationships such as development and security, external and internal affairs, vitality and order, risks and opportunities, and safeguarding rights and maintaining stability, enhance the systematicness, integrity, and coordination of national security work, and fight a good overall battle for national security.
(2) Practicing the Purpose of People's Security
This is the fundamental position of China's national security in the new era. The nature and purpose of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and China's state system determine that the Party, the people, and the country are a community. The country is the people, and the people are the country. China's national security is all for the people and relies on the people. The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) shares weal and woe and lives and dies together with the Chinese people. Any attempt to separate or antagonize the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) from the people will never succeed. The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) always puts the safety and health of the people first, effectively protects the property safety and other legitimate rights and interests of the people, focuses on solving the security problems that the people strongly reflect, and continuously improves the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
(3) Insisting on Putting Political Security First
This is the lifeline of China's national security in the new era. The core of political security is regime security and institutional security, and the most fundamental thing is to safeguard the leadership and ruling position of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and safeguard the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. If political security is not guaranteed, China will inevitably fall into a situation of division and disunity, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will be out of the question, and the fundamental and long-term interests of the people will not be guaranteed. We must enhance political sensitivity and political discernment, eliminate various political hidden dangers in a timely manner, and prevent non-political risks from spreading into political risks.
(4) Adhering to the Principle of Safeguarding National Interests
This is the basic requirement of China's national security in the new era. Every country must safeguard its own national interests, and at the same time, it should consider its own interests at a broader level. It cannot be at the expense of harming the interests of other countries. All countries should respect each other's core interests and major concerns. China safeguards national security, mainly to safeguard national interests, especially core interests. China's core interests mainly include: national regime, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, people's well-being, and sustainable economic and social development. China does not covet the rights and interests of other countries, nor is it jealous of the development of other countries, but it will never give up its legitimate rights and interests, and will never trade its core interests.
(5) Preventing and Resolving National Security Risks
This is the central task of China's national security in the new era. China faces risks in many aspects. All kinds of risks must be prevented and controlled, but the focus is on preventing and controlling the overall risks that may delay or interrupt the process of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must be highly vigilant against "black swan" events and prevent "gray rhino" events; we must have the first-mover advantage in preventing risks, and we must also have clever ways to deal with and resolve risk challenges; we must fight a prepared battle to prevent and resist risks, and we must also fight a strategic initiative to turn danger into safety and turn crisis into opportunity. We must carry forward the spirit of struggle, dare to struggle, be good at struggle, and seek unity, cooperation, and win-win results in the struggle. We must adhere to the bottom-line thinking, focus on preventing various risks and challenges from interacting internally and externally, spreading across regions, and accumulating and overlapping, and resolutely hold the bottom line of not allowing systemic risks to occur.
(6) Promoting International Common Security
This is China's responsibility as a major country for national security in the new era. To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we need not only a stable and united domestic environment, but also a peaceful and stable international environment. China does not agree with the outdated logic that "a strong country will inevitably dominate," and the Chinese nation does not have the genes to invade others or seek hegemony in its blood. All countries should take into account the security of other countries while seeking their own security, and strive to find a path of mutually beneficial and win-win security. China advocates a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept, proposes and promotes the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, actively participates in global security governance, strengthens international security cooperation, and works with all countries in the world to jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind.
(7) Strengthening the Party's Absolute Leadership over National Security Work
This is the fundamental guarantee of China's national security in the new era. China's socialist system with Chinese characteristics and its basic national conditions determine that to cope with various risks and challenges on the road ahead, we must adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党). The Party plays the role of the core of leadership in commanding the overall situation and coordinating all parties. The Party's leadership is comprehensive, systematic, and holistic, running through all aspects and the entire process of national security work. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) decided to establish the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会) for the purpose of better adapting to the new situation and new tasks of national security, establishing a centralized, unified, efficient, and authoritative national security system, and strengthening leadership over national security work.
The Overall National Security Concept leads China's national security work to continuously create new situations, establishes a cooperative and inclusive national security concept internationally, will provide theoretical guidance for national security with Chinese characteristics in the new era and new journey, contribute Chinese wisdom to promoting and improving global security governance, and play an important role in maintaining world peace and stability.
3. Providing Solid Support for the Steady and Long-term Development of Chinese-style Modernization
Entering the new era, focusing on achieving national strategic goals and implementing the Overall National Security Concept, China's national security resolutely fulfills the major responsibilities entrusted by the Party and the people, prevents and resolves various risks in the process of Chinese-style modernization, builds a solid security barrier for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and provides strategic support for promoting world peace and development.
(1) Safeguarding the Party's Ruling Position and the Socialist System
The key to China's national security lies in the Party. China puts safeguarding political security in the first place, always plans and promotes security in other fields from the height of safeguarding political security, improves the ability to prevent political risks, promptly blocks the transformation channels of risks in different fields, avoids cross-infection, prevents non-political risks from spreading into political risks, and ensures the Party's long-term ruling and the country's long-term stability.
Safeguarding regime security, institutional security, and ideological security. Comprehensively deepening the reform of the Party's construction system, thoroughly promoting the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and continuously transforming the Party's political advantages, organizational advantages, and institutional advantages into the governance advantages of the Party and the country. Unswervingly adhering to and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, improving the system of the People's Congress, the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of grassroots mass autonomy. Adhering to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, building a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leadership, firmly guarding the ideological and public opinion front, and creating a clear and upright network environment. Relevant Chinese and foreign public opinion polls show that Chinese respondents' trust in the government, satisfaction with the democratic situation, and recognition of a clean government all exceed 90%, ranking among the top in the surveyed countries.
Preventing and resisting infiltration, sabotage, subversion, and secessionist activities by hostile forces. Resolutely preventing overseas anti-China forces from implementing Westernization and division strategies against China by promoting Western democracy, freedom, human rights, and so-called "universal values"; strictly preventing and severely cracking down on various infiltration and subversion activities by hostile forces to instigate "color revolutions" and "street politics" against us. Carrying out national security education for all people on a regular basis to build a solid people's defense line. Comprehensively implementing the Party's strategy for governing Tibet and Xinjiang in the new era, cracking down on secessionist and destructive activities in accordance with the law, infiltration has been effectively curbed, and social security has significantly improved.
Maintaining long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao. Comprehensively, accurately, firmly, and unswervingly implementing the "One Country, Two Systems" policy, implementing the central government's overall jurisdiction, implementing the principle of "patriots governing Hong Kong" (爱国者治港) and "patriots governing Macao" (爱国者治澳), implementing the legal system and enforcement mechanism for the special administrative region to safeguard national security, and adhering to the unity of the central government's overall jurisdiction and safeguarding the high degree of autonomy of the special administrative region. Formulating and implementing the Law of the People's Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, improving the electoral system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, punishing criminals who endanger national security in accordance with the law, and promoting Hong Kong from chaos to governance and prosperity.
(2) Improving the People's Sense of Gain, Happiness, and Security
National prosperity and people's security are the most basic and common aspirations of the people. At present, profound changes have taken place in the main social contradictions in China, and the people's security needs are becoming stronger and more diverse. Starting from meeting the people's growing needs in democracy, the rule of law, fairness, justice, security, and the environment, China focuses on the most prominent problems, focuses on maintaining social stability, production safety, food and drug safety, and preventing major natural disasters, to ensure that the people live and work in peace and contentment and that society is stable and orderly.
Building a safe China. Continuing to deepen the special action to severely crack down on violent terrorism, maintaining a high-pressure posture of severely cracking down on the "three forces" such as "East Turkistan" in accordance with the law, and achieving a fundamental improvement in the situation of the fight against terrorism. Cracking down on various illegal and criminal activities of underworld forces in accordance with the law, and normalizing the fight against organized crime and evil forces in depth and in a solid manner. Social security has continued to improve steadily, severely punishing the prominent illegal and criminal activities that the masses strongly reflect, such as pornography, gambling, drugs, food, medicine, environment, theft, robbery, fraud, and those targeting women, children, and left-behind elderly people, and severely cracking down on new types of crimes such as telecommunications network fraud, cross-border gambling, and infringement of citizens' personal information, as well as transnational, cross-border, and cross-regional crimes, to protect the people's personal rights, property rights, and personality rights. Establishing and improving the responsibility system for maintaining social stability, and maintaining the overall stability of the society. Adhering to and developing the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era, strengthening the standardized construction of comprehensive management centers, and promoting the legalization of resolving contradictions and disputes. Maintaining social fairness and justice, and cultivating a social mentality of self-esteem, self-confidence, rationality, peace, and positivity. China is one of the countries with the lowest homicide rate, the lowest criminal crime rate, and the fewest gun and explosive cases in the world. According to data from the Ministry of Public Security of China (中国公安部), the number of homicides per 100,000 people in China was 0.46 in 2023 and 0.44 in 2024.
Improving emergency management capabilities and levels. Establishing an efficient and scientific natural disaster prevention and control system, strengthening the construction of regional emergency forces, strengthening the foundation of grassroots emergency response, and improving the ability to prevent, mitigate, and relieve disasters. In 2024, the number of people affected by natural disasters and the number of collapsed houses nationwide decreased by 20.4% and 50% respectively compared with the average of the previous five years. Improving and implementing the responsibility system for production safety, strengthening safety supervision in key industries and key fields, and improving the risk investigation and rectification and accountability mechanism for production safety. In 2024, a total of 21,800 various production safety accidents occurred nationwide, with 389 major accidents, a year-on-year decrease of 11% and 10.8% respectively, and 9 particularly serious accidents, falling to single digits for the first time.
Safeguarding the people's lives, safety, and health. Improving the public health system, strengthening grassroots medical and health services, and focusing on the prevention and control of major new and emerging infectious diseases. Strictly carrying out supervision and inspection of food production and operation, continuously deepening the action to consolidate and improve drug safety, and strengthening food and drug safety supervision. Improving the population service system covering the entire population and the entire life cycle, improving the fertility support policy system and incentive mechanism, and promoting the construction of a fertility-friendly society. In 2024, the average life expectancy of Chinese people reached 79 years old. (See Figure 1)
Protecting ecological security. China adheres to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control in accordance with the law, focusing on solving the outstanding problems of air, water, and soil that the people strongly reflect, and continues to fight the battles to defend blue skies, clear waters, and pure land, and solidly carries out the action to improve the rural living environment. In 2024, the national average PM2.5 concentration was 29.3 micrograms per cubic meter, a decrease of 36% compared to 2015, the number of heavily polluted days decreased by 68%, and the proportion of days with good air quality reached more than 86% for five consecutive years, and the people's satisfaction with the ecological environment exceeded 91%. Improving the quality and stability of the ecosystem, promoting the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, the national forest coverage rate exceeded 25% in 2024, and about 1/4 of the world's new green area since the beginning of this century came from China.
(3) Ensuring High-Quality Development
China's development history shows that there are problems with not developing, there are problems with developing, and the problems that arise after development are no less than those before development. In response to the outstanding contradictions and problems in development, China has firmly established the concept of safe development, accelerated the improvement of the safe development system and mechanism, made up for relevant shortcomings, maintained the security of science and technology, finance, food, energy resources, industrial chain supply chain, overseas interests, and other fields, and resolved contradictions and risks in a timely manner in promoting development, and built national development on a safer and more reliable foundation.
Promoting sustained and healthy economic development. We must adhere to putting the security of the basic economic system in the first place. Improve the quality and efficiency of economic development, deepen supply-side structural reform, focus on building a unified national market, expand domestic demand in all directions, and achieve dynamic balance of the economy at a higher level. Continue to enhance the resilience and security level of the industrial chain supply chain, accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system, and build an independent and controllable, safe and reliable domestic production and supply system.
Resolutely holding the bottom line of preventing systemic financial risks. Actively giving play to the dual functions of monetary policy tools, both in terms of total quantity and structure, managing the total gate of money well, and maintaining the basic stability of the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level. Standardizing the order of the capital market and maintaining the stability of the capital market. Striving to stabilize the real estate market and focusing on building a new model for real estate development. Prudently disposing of local government debt risks and accurately resolving the risks of local small and medium-sized financial institutions.
Shouldering the heavy responsibility of food security. Implementing the national food security strategy, firmly guarding the 1.8 billion mu of arable land red line, accelerating the tackling of core seed source technologies, and continuously improving the food production, purchase, storage, processing, and sales system. Grain production has remained stable at more than 650 million tons for 10 consecutive years, and exceeded 700 million tons in 2024.
Ensuring the security of energy and important resources. Establishing a diversified supply system, curbing unreasonable energy consumption, maintaining the overall balance of energy supply and demand, promoting energy system reform and technological innovation, strengthening international cooperation in all directions, and achieving energy security under open conditions. Implementing a new round of strategic action for mineral exploration breakthroughs, replenishing strategic mineral reserves, strengthening the recycling and utilization of renewable resources, and ensuring a sufficient, stable, and sustainable supply of important resources.
Accelerate the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology. Leverage the advantages of the new nationwide system, focus all efforts on tackling key core technologies such as basic raw materials, high-end chips, industrial software, and crop seeds, proactively deploy in areas such as artificial intelligence and quantum information, accelerate the overcoming of "chokehold" technologies in important fields and achieve industrialization. The "Zu Chongzhi" (祖冲之) series of superconducting quantum computing prototypes, the "Chang'e-6" (嫦娥六号) probe, and the "Mengxiang" (梦想) deep-sea drilling vessel have all made breakthroughs. Accelerate the layout of national strategic scientific and technological forces, strengthen basic scientific research, promote the construction of a national laboratory system, coordinate the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers, strengthen the main position of enterprises in technological innovation, and improve the transformation and industrialization level of scientific and technological achievements. China's global innovation index ranking has jumped from 34th in 2012 to 11th in 2024, entering the ranks of innovative countries. Build a monitoring, early warning, and response system for science and technology security risks, improve the regulatory system for emerging technology fields, shape a culture of technological ethics, and integrate technological ethics requirements throughout the entire process of scientific and technological activities. (See Figure 2)
Strengthen the protection of overseas interests. China safeguards its overseas interests through foreign-related rule of law, diplomatic and consular protection, evacuation and escort operations, and international cooperation. Adhere to prevention first, strengthen the early warning, prevention, and protection mechanisms for overseas interests and investment risks, establish a global consular protection and service emergency call center, open the "12308" 24-hour emergency hotline, and leverage platforms such as "going global" public services to safeguard the safety and legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese citizens, organizations, and institutions. In 2024, China safely evacuated more than 10,000 compatriots from high-risk areas abroad and handled more than 50,000 consular protection assistance cases.
(IV) Safeguard National Territorial Integrity and Maritime Rights and Interests
China has not yet achieved complete reunification, and the task of safeguarding territorial sovereignty, maritime rights and interests, and national unity is arduous and heavy. China will never allow anyone, any organization, any political party, at any time, in any form, to separate any piece of Chinese territory from China. China adheres to the coordinated land-sea approach and upholds the unity of safeguarding national sovereignty, security, and development interests.
Unswervingly promote national reunification. Adhere to the One China principle and the "1992 Consensus" (九二共识), implement the overall strategy and major policies of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) for resolving the Taiwan (台湾) issue in the new era, promote the peaceful development and integrated development of cross-strait relations, tighten the emotional bonds and interest ties between the two sides, and consolidate the foundation for peaceful national reunification. Unite the broad masses of Taiwan compatriots, firmly support patriotic and reunification forces on the island, strengthen cross-strait dialogue, communication, and democratic consultation, jointly discuss the grand plan for reunification, and jointly plan the great cause of reunification. Resolutely oppose the "Taiwan status undetermined theory." The legal effect of UN General Assembly Resolution 2758 is beyond doubt. Taiwan is a province of China and has no basis, reason, or right to participate in the United Nations and other international organizations that only sovereign states can participate in. Resolutely oppose "Taiwan independence" separatism and external interference, crack down on stubborn "Taiwan independence" elements in accordance with the law, and powerfully deter "Taiwan independence" separatist forces. China always strives for peaceful reunification with the utmost sincerity and the greatest efforts, but will never promise to renounce the use of force and reserves the option of taking all necessary measures.
Safeguard border security and maritime rights and interests. Negotiated and resolved land border issues with 12 of the 14 land neighbors, and border negotiations with India (印度) and Bhutan (不丹) continue to advance. Completed the demarcation of the Beibu Gulf (北部湾) waters between China and Vietnam (越南), signed border defense cooperation agreements with 9 neighboring countries, established border defense meeting mechanisms with 12 countries, and regularly carried out friendly mutual visits, working talks, joint patrols and law enforcement, and joint exercises to combat cross-border crimes. Routinely conduct patrols and law enforcement in the waters of the Diaoyu Islands (钓鱼岛). China has indisputable sovereignty over the Nansha Islands (南沙群岛) and their adjacent waters, and carries out construction and facility maintenance on some of the stationed islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands to improve the working and living conditions of personnel on the islands and provide international public safety products such as navigation, rescue, weather, and marine environmental forecasts.
(V) Ensure the Security and Reliability of Emerging Fields
The development of emerging fields originates from technological innovation and application and is a new frontier of national security. The imbalance between technological innovation and development and security governance in emerging fields brings many new issues in security, social governance, and moral ethics, which are long-term major challenges facing all countries. China attaches great importance to technological development and risk prevention in emerging fields, emphasizes forward-looking prevention and constraint guidance, establishes and improves relevant laws and regulations, and gradually realizes agile governance, classified and graded management, and rapid and effective response.
Build a solid security barrier for networks, data, and artificial intelligence. Continuously strengthen the construction of network security coordination mechanisms, means, and platforms to ensure the security and reliability of critical information infrastructure. Promulgate and implement the Data Security Law, and establish six data security management systems and mechanisms, including data classification and hierarchical protection, monitoring and early warning, emergency response, security review, export control, and reciprocal countermeasures. In accordance with the principles of emphasizing both development and security and combining the promotion of innovation with governance in accordance with the law, build an artificial intelligence security supervision and evaluation system, and improve a supporting security protection system for people, technology, objects, and management.
Improve biosecurity governance capabilities. Strengthen the construction of a biosecurity risk prevention and control and governance system, establish and improve emergency plans for emergencies, improve the research and development capabilities of new biotechnology and new drug vaccines, enhance the level of biosecurity resource supervision, and strengthen the systematic governance and full-chain prevention and control of biosecurity risks.
Enhance its own nuclear security capabilities. Take ensuring nuclear safety as an important national responsibility, implement full-chain supervision of nuclear facilities, nuclear materials, nuclear activities, and radioactive materials, continuously promote the modernization of the nuclear safety regulatory system and regulatory capabilities, and maintain a good nuclear safety record for a long time. (See Special Column 1)
IV. Consolidate Security in Development and Seek Development in Security
In today's era, development interests and security interests are intricately intertwined. Development issues may be transformed into security risks, and security that is not guaranteed will seriously restrict development. How to handle the relationship between development and security is a common problem facing all countries.
China attaches great importance to coordinating development and security, establishes the concept that development is the absolute principle and security is also the absolute principle, and strives to achieve a virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security. Practice has proved that development is the foundation and security is the prerequisite. Development and security are two wings of a body and two wheels of a drive. It is necessary to adhere to enhancing national security strength through development and promoting high-level security with high-quality development; it is also necessary to continuously improve security guarantee capabilities, clarify security boundaries, and safeguard the bottom line of security to ensure high-quality development with high-level security. China always adheres to the basic national policy of opening up to the outside world and emphasizes that the more open it is, the more attention should be paid to security, and strives to promote the unification of improving the level of opening up to the outside world and enhancing the ability to supervise, manage, and prevent risks.
Entering the new era, China has clearly defined coordinating development and security as one of the major principles of governing the country, incorporated it into the overall economic and social development, and has not only consistently grasped high-quality development as the "primary task," but also handled the "top priority" of ensuring national security, unifying development and security, planning together, deploying as a whole, and promoting each other.
(I) Promote the Dynamic Balance and Mutual Enhancement of Development and Security
——High-quality development is the primary task, and not developing is the greatest insecurity. Take high-quality development as the absolute principle of the new era and seek security on the basis of continuously strengthening the material and technological foundation. Practice has shown that stagnation in development and reform and opening up will not only make it difficult to achieve security, but will also weaken the foundation of security. China adheres to correctly handling the relationship between reform, development, and stability, unifying the intensity of reform, the speed of development, and the degree of social tolerance, and promoting social stability through reform and development.
——High-level security is the prerequisite for development, and there is no high-quality development without high-level security. China always grasps the historical mission of national security from the overall pattern of national development, creates a good environment conducive to economic and social development by clarifying the bottom line and preventing risks, and guarantees the achievements of economic and social development.
Create a good external security environment. The current world situation is turbulent and unstable, and geopolitical challenges are high and turbulent, with more hidden reefs and undercurrents, which puts forward higher requirements for maintaining national security. China adheres to the path of peaceful development, seeks its own development while firmly safeguarding world peace and development, and better safeguards world peace and development with its own development. Since the founding of New China (新中国), it has never proactively provoked any war or conflict. China solemnly promises to the world that it will never seek hegemony, never expand, and never seek spheres of influence. It is the only major country that has written peaceful development into the Constitution and the constitution of the ruling party, and has risen to the national will. In the face of unreasonable suppression by individual countries, China will never give in on matters of principle, maintain dialogue on disputed issues, and expand cooperation in areas of mutual benefit and win-win results, and strive to maintain the overall stability of bilateral relations. China is committed to building the "Belt and Road" (一带一路) into a road of peace and will not repeat the old tricks of geopolitical games. On the issue of peace and security, China is the major country with the best record in the world. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization that takes the path of peaceful development. Hyping up China's "national strength will inevitably lead to hegemony" and rendering the "China threat theory" is purely nonsense.
Resolutely maintain social stability. China's social structure is undergoing profound changes, the Internet has profoundly changed the way of social interaction, and social concepts, social psychology, and social behavior have undergone profound changes, which brings great challenges to social stability. China is committed to building a modern society that is both full of vitality and has good order. More attention should be paid to deepening the reform of systems and mechanisms, improving the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, and realizing the benign interaction between government governance and social adjustment and resident autonomy. More attention should be paid to strengthening grassroots social governance, resolving contradictions and disputes at the grassroots level, and creating harmony and stability at the grassroots level. More attention should be paid to maintaining social fairness and justice and ensuring that citizens' personal rights, property rights, personality rights, and basic political rights are not violated. More attention should be paid to maintaining social stability in accordance with the law, adhering to the integrated construction of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law, and a society ruled by law, implementing the responsibility system for maintaining social stability, and actively preventing and resolving social contradictions from the perspective of systems and mechanisms; and protecting the safety and legitimate rights and interests of foreigners in China in accordance with the law. China's efforts to carry out anti-terrorism struggles and crack down on vicious crimes in accordance with the law have met the people's ardent expectations for social safety and stability and are a true sense of respect and protection of human rights.
Defuse various risks and challenges in high-quality development. At present, China is in a critical period of transforming its development mode, optimizing its economic structure, and transforming its growth drivers. Structural, institutional, and cyclical problems are intertwined, and high-quality development faces many uncertainties and risks and challenges. China adheres to steadily resolving risks in development and accelerating high-quality development in resolving risks. Grasp the initiative in food security, ensure the security of energy and important resources, ensure the security of the industrial chain and supply chain, and effectively resolve risks in key areas. Accelerate the construction of a new model for real estate development and actively and steadily resolve risks in the real estate sector. Deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system, improve the government debt management system, implement the largest debt support policy in recent years, and promote the restructuring, extension, and replacement of local government debt and the reform and transformation of local financing platforms. Issue special treasury bonds to support state-owned large commercial banks to replenish core tier-one capital. Coordinate the prevention of risks, strengthen supervision, and promote high-quality development of local small and medium-sized financial institutions, strictly implement access standards and supervision, and promote mergers and acquisitions to achieve reduction in quantity and improvement in quality.
Promote the safe development of new technologies, new business forms, and new models. Scientific and technological innovation can spawn new industries, new models, and new drivers of growth. It is the core element of developing new quality productive forces and a strong driving force and support for high-quality development, but many technologies are a "**双刃剑**" (shuāng rèn jiàn - "double-edged sword," having both positive and negative effects). New technologies, new business forms, and new models have become the frontier and key areas for coordinating development and security. China adheres to unifying the promotion of innovation and the prevention of risks, combining institutional norms and self-discipline, and actively and prudently promotes the development, application, and governance of new technologies. China focuses on improving the legal system for science and technology security and is accelerating the promotion of relevant legislation in the fields of artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and autonomous driving. Focus on optimizing regulatory services for emerging technologies, promote the establishment of a safety supervision system for new technologies and new business forms, and maintain a balance between industrial development and social stability. Focus on enhancing the inclusiveness of emerging technologies, handling the relationship between fairness and efficiency, capital and labor, technology and employment, improving the interest coordination mechanism, safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of all parties, and allowing more people to share the fruits of technological innovation.
China has grown in the face of hardships and has grown stronger in overcoming difficulties. China's economic foundation is stable, its advantages are numerous, its resilience is strong, and its potential is great. The supporting conditions and basic trends for long-term improvement have not changed. The development prospects are bright, and it has the ability to better coordinate development and security, resolutely prevent and resolve risks in key areas, effectively respond to external shocks, stabilize expectations, stimulate vitality, promote sustained economic recovery, and maintain social harmony and stability. (See Figure 3)
(II) Promote the Mutual Promotion and Coordinated Improvement of Opening Up and Security
——Continuously develop and grow stronger in coordinating opening up and security. Handle the relationship between self-reliance and independent innovation and opening up and cooperation, handle the relationship between actively participating in the international division of labor and ensuring national security, and continuously enhance the ability to dynamically maintain national security in an open environment. Since the reform and opening up, China has continuously woven a tight network of open security, successfully responded to major risks such as the Asian financial crisis and the international financial crisis, and achieved rapid development in opening up, gradually becoming the world's second largest economy, the world's largest trading country in goods, and a major trading partner of more than 150 countries and regions. The contribution rate to global economic growth has remained at around 30% for many years.
——China's door to opening up will only open wider and wider. Economic globalization is the objective requirement of the development of social productive forces and the inevitable result of scientific and technological progress. It has provided a strong impetus for world economic growth and is an irreversible historical trend. In recent years, trade protectionism has risen, and individual countries have attempted to promote the return of manufacturing, which runs counter to the laws of economic development and the general trend of economic globalization. China always stands on the right side of history, opposes anti-globalization and pan-securitization, opposes unilateralism and protectionism, builds an open world economy, and promotes inclusive and mutually beneficial economic globalization.
Unswervingly promote high-level opening up to the outside world. China implements a more proactive independent opening up and unilateral opening up and steadily expands institutional opening up. Since December 1, 2024, a special preferential tax rate of zero has been applied to 100% of tariff items originating in the least developed countries that have diplomatic relations with China. Unilateral visa-free policies are implemented for personnel from 38 countries, and 240-hour transit visa-free policies are implemented for personnel from 54 countries. China will proactively connect with and actively absorb high-standard international economic and trade rules, orderly expand the opening up of markets to the outside world for goods, services, capital, and labor, and expand a high-standard free trade zone network facing the world. China is building free trade pilot zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port, orderly carrying out stress tests for opening up to the outside world, and exploring effective paths for institutional opening up. China has proposed building a new development pattern with the domestic cycle as the mainstay and the domestic and international dual cycles promoting each other, which is by no means a closed domestic single cycle, but an open and mutually promoting domestic and international dual cycle.
——Enhance the level of security in expanding opening up to the outside world. China attaches importance to using international common rules to maintain open security, draws on international experience and practices, accelerates the construction of a modern risk prevention and control system and mechanism, improves the institutional system for defending against external risks under open conditions, and promotes the coordinated progress of opening up and security.
Firmly safeguard the right to open development. Safeguarding the right to development is one of China's red lines for national security. China will resolutely and forcefully counter any attempt to undermine China's right to development. China firmly opposes the abuse of export controls and resolutely opposes unilateral sanctions and "long-arm jurisdiction." Individual countries, under the guise of security, have launched tariff wars, trade wars, technology wars, and public opinion wars against China, seriously threatening China's security and development. Recently, the United States has announced the imposition of tariffs on all trading partners, including China, under various pretexts, seriously infringing upon the legitimate rights and interests of all countries, seriously violating the rules of the World Trade Organization, seriously undermining the rule-based multilateral trading system, and seriously impacting the stability of the global economic order. The Chinese government strongly condemns and firmly opposes this. China's adoption of necessary and reasonable countermeasures is entirely a legitimate defense in accordance with international law and common international practices. China's determination to safeguard the right to open development is unwavering, and it will continue to improve mechanisms for countering sanctions, countering interference, and countering "long-arm jurisdiction," enrich its toolbox of countermeasure policies, and firmly defend its national right to development.
Strive to promote the orderly flow of factors of production. Economic globalization relies on the safe and orderly flow of factors of production globally. Following international practices, China is improving its export control system, comprehensively strengthening intellectual property protection, building a legitimate, safe, and orderly entry-exit management order, optimizing policies and measures to facilitate foreigners coming to China, promoting the legal and orderly cross-border flow of capital, talent, and technology, and promoting the efficient allocation of global factors of production. Data has become a new and important factor of production globally. Drawing on existing international practices and focusing on promoting the coordination and consistency of global data security protection standards, China has formulated and implemented laws and regulations such as the Cybersecurity Law, the Data Security Law, and the Personal Information Protection Law, enhancing its cybersecurity protection capabilities and data security supervision capabilities. China itself is a victim of international cyberattacks and has consistently opposed and combated cyberattacks of any form. The claim that China conducts cyberattacks has neither evidence nor reason. China insists on unifying development and management in accordance with the law, encouraging the legal, reasonable, and effective use of data while ensuring national data security, and ensuring the legal, orderly, and free flow of data. China's data security review targets activities that affect or may affect national security and does not affect the normal cross-border flow of corporate and personal data.
Resolutely defend its legitimate security interests in accordance with the law. China emphasizes the use of legal thinking and legal methods to safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests in an open environment. It strengthens the construction of foreign-related rule of law, promptly introduces laws and regulations such as the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law, the Foreign Relations Law, and the Export Control Law, continuously strengthens international cooperation in law enforcement and justice, steadily improves the level of foreign-related legal services, and legally protects the safety of overseas personnel, institutions, and assets. It promulgated the Foreign Investment Law and established a foreign investment security review system to conduct security reviews of foreign investments that affect or may affect national security. It revised and improved the Anti-Espionage Law, using legal means to prevent espionage activities and clarifying the boundaries between illegal and legal behavior. These measures are only aimed at behaviors that endanger China's legitimate national interests and are intended to provide security guarantees for a higher level of opening up to the outside world, without affecting normal commercial exchanges, scientific research cooperation, academic exchanges, and people-to-people interactions.
Openness is a distinct symbol of Chinese-style modernization. Over the past 40 years, China's economic development and social stability have been achieved under conditions of openness, and in the future, China's realization of high-quality development and high-level security must also be carried out under conditions of openness. No matter how the international situation changes, China will expand its independent opening and proactive opening on the basis of ensuring security, so that the door to opening up to the outside world will open wider and wider.
V. Practicing the Global Security Initiative and Promoting International Common Security
Humanity is a whole, the Earth is a homeland, and global challenges require global responses. Old thinking such as spheres of influence, hegemonic stability, and alliance systems cannot cope with new security challenges, and achieving international common security requires new concepts and new methods.
(I) The Global Security Initiative Contributes Chinese Wisdom
China's proposal of the Global Security Initiative responds to the urgent need of the international community to maintain world peace and prevent conflicts and wars, echoes the universal desire of the vast majority of countries to seek win-win cooperation and oppose hegemony, domination, and bullying, and conforms to the common pursuit of the people of all countries to build a world of lasting peace and universal security, providing a new solution for eliminating the root causes of international conflicts, addressing global security challenges, and improving global security governance. As of the end of 2024, it has received support and appreciation from 119 countries and international organizations and has been written into 123 bilateral and multilateral political documents.
The Global Security Initiative is both the "security chapter" of the community of human destiny and the "world chapter" of the overall national security concept; it is both China's answer to global security governance and a dialectical understanding of its own security and international common security. It is rooted in China's independent and peaceful foreign policy and practice and originates from the Chinese culture and wisdom of good faith, harmony, and coexistence.
The core concepts and principles of the Global Security Initiative are to adhere to a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept; to adhere to respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries; to adhere to the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter; to adhere to attaching importance to the reasonable security concerns of all countries; to adhere to resolving differences and disputes between countries peacefully through dialogue and consultation; and to adhere to maintaining security in both traditional and non-traditional areas in a coordinated manner. Common means respecting and guaranteeing the security of every country; comprehensive means maintaining security in both traditional and non-traditional areas in a coordinated manner and promoting security governance in a coordinated manner; cooperative means promoting the security of all countries and regions through dialogue and cooperation; and sustainable means giving equal importance to development and security to achieve lasting security.
Faced with global challenges such as climate change and cybersecurity, no country can be immune, nor should any country become an island. China advocates common security, equal security interests for all countries, and that the legitimate and reasonable security concerns of any country should be valued and properly resolved. No country can place its own security above the security of other countries, let alone at the expense of undermining the security of other countries. Building a balanced, effective, and sustainable security architecture is an effective way to achieve common security.
Pursuing strength above all else and seeking absolute security will only lead to a security dilemma. Drawing lines based on ideology and engaging in camp-based and exclusive "small circles" targeting specific countries will only create division and confrontation. Sanctions and interference will only lead to more chaos, there are no winners in conflicts and wars, and prioritizing one's own country and winner-takes-all will only lead to total loss. China advocates cooperative security, adheres to dialogue, cooperation, and win-win results, and resolves differences and disputes peacefully.
China advocates strengthening global security governance, practicing the global governance concept of consultation, joint construction, and shared benefits, adhering to true multilateralism, advocating strict adherence to international rule of law, and promoting the transformation of the global security governance system in a more just and reasonable direction, reflecting the will and interests of the majority of countries more balancedly, and better meeting the practical needs of addressing global challenges.
(II) Promoting the Implementation of the Initiative to Enhance Common Security
--Supporting the United Nations as the Core Platform for All Countries to Jointly Maintain Universal Security
All countries in the world should maintain the international system with the United Nations as the core, the international order based on international law, and the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter. China has always regarded safeguarding the authority of the United Nations and maintaining the post-World War II international order as its responsibility. China actively supports the United Nations in carrying out mediation in accordance with its authorization, supports the Security Council in playing a primary role in peace and security issues, strives to maintain the authority and unity of the Security Council, and constructively participates in discussions on international security affairs. Security Council reform should adhere to democratic consultation, increase the representation and voice of developing countries, especially African countries, and effectively correct historical injustices.
Firmly support the United Nations in improving its ability to fulfill its mandate in peacekeeping operations. China is the second largest contributor to the United Nations regular budget and the second largest contributor to peacekeeping assessments, and it is also the largest troop- and police-contributing country among the permanent members of the Security Council. Support the United Nations in playing a central coordinating role in the international fight against terrorism, playing a leading role in global digital governance and rule-making, supporting the World Health Organization in playing a leading and coordinating role in global health affairs, and supporting UNESCO in promoting global education, science, technology, and cultural development, and promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations and inclusive cooperation. (See Special Column II)
--Promoting the Building of a World of Universal Security
The China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era continues to deepen, setting a model for friendly exchanges between major neighboring countries. The China-Russia relationship has strong endogenous动力 (dònglì - "driving force," inherent power) and unique strategic value, is based on non-alignment, non-confrontation, and non-targeting of third parties, and is not affected by any third party or interfered with or coerced by external factors.
China has always handled China-US relations in accordance with the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation, and is committed to the stable, healthy, and sustainable development of China-US relations, and to continuing the traditional friendship between the Chinese and American peoples. In exchanges between the two major countries of China and the United States, neither side can suppress the other from a so-called "position of strength," nor can it deprive the other of its legitimate right to development in order to maintain its own leading position. The four red lines of the Taiwan issue, democracy and human rights, the path and system, and the right to development cannot be challenged. The one-China principle and the three joint communiqués between China and the United States are the political foundation of bilateral relations and must be strictly observed. The "Thucydides Trap" is not the fate of history, a "new Cold War" cannot be fought and will not be won, and containing China is unwise, undesirable, and will not succeed. China is willing to work with the United States to explore the right way for the two major countries to get along on this planet, benefiting both countries and the world.
China has always regarded Europe as a partner, believing that Europe is an important pole in a multipolar world, and supports Europe in strengthening its strategic autonomy. China is committed to developing a comprehensive strategic partnership with Europe and is willing to work with Europe to jointly maintain free trade, jointly defend multilateralism, and jointly actively address global challenges such as climate change.
Adhere to developing good-neighborly and friendly relations with neighboring countries. As of March 2025, China has reached a consensus with 17 neighboring countries, including Pakistan (巴基斯坦), Indonesia (印度尼西亚), on building a community of common destiny, supports and improves regional security cooperation centered on ASEAN, opposes dividing the region through the "Indo-Pacific Strategy," opposes piecing together an "Asian-Pacific version of NATO," opposes NATO's overreach of power, and opposes some countries engaging in nuclear sharing, extended deterrence, and the deployment of land-based intermediate-range missiles in the Asia-Pacific region. Committed to working with ASEAN countries to jointly maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea, actively promoting the consultation process of the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea," adhering to resolving disputes through dialogue and consultation, adhering to achieving win-win results through mutually beneficial cooperation, and building the South China Sea into a sea of peace, friendship, and cooperation. China advocates that countries outside the region respect the efforts of regional countries and opposes individual countries provoking trouble for their own selfish interests.
As a developing country and a member of the "Global South," China is committed to jointly promoting the cause of the "Global South," supporting "Global South" countries in strengthening global security governance, exploring ways to address both the symptoms and root causes of hotspot issues, and jointly becoming a stabilizing force for maintaining peace, a backbone force for open development, a constructive force for global governance, and a promoting force for mutual learning among civilizations.
Always be a builder of peace in the Middle East. Support Middle Eastern countries in uniting and cooperating to solve regional security issues, propose a five-point initiative to achieve security and stability in the Middle East, propose four suggestions for building a new security architecture in the Middle East, facilitate the reconciliation between Saudi Arabia (沙特) and Iran (伊朗), and commit to promoting a comprehensive, just, and lasting solution to the Palestinian issue as soon as possible.
Support African countries in enhancing their ability to independently maintain peace, support Latin American and Caribbean countries in opposing external interference and maintaining their own peace and stability, and assist Pacific Island countries in应对 (yìngduì - "to cope with," deal with) global challenges such as marine disasters and rising sea levels.
--Constructively Participating in the Political Settlement of International and Regional Hotspot Issues
On the Ukraine issue, adhere to objectivity and impartiality, actively promote peace and talks, propose "four shoulds," "four commons," and "three points of reflection," release the "Chinese Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis," jointly release the "Six-Point Consensus" with Brazil (巴西), jointly launch the "Friends of Peace" group with "Global South" countries, resolutely maintain the consensus that "nuclear war cannot be won and cannot be fought," and actively promote the implementation of the "Joint Statement of the Leaders of the Five Nuclear-Weapon States on Preventing Nuclear War and Avoiding Arms Race," playing an important role in preventing the escalation of the Ukraine crisis into a nuclear conflict. China supports all efforts conducive to peace and believes that all parties and stakeholders should participate in the peace negotiation process in due course. (See Special Column III)
Calling for a ceasefire in the new round of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, working to protect civilians, contributing to humanitarian assistance, promoting the Security Council to pass the first resolution on a ceasefire in Gaza, facilitating the holding of reconciliation talks among various Palestinian factions and signing the "Beijing Declaration on Ending Division and Strengthening Palestinian National Unity," providing multiple batches of humanitarian aid to Gaza, and committing to promoting the Palestinian issue back to the correct track of the "two-state solution."
Persistently committed to the political settlement of the Korean Peninsula issue, advancing the construction of a peninsula peace mechanism and the denuclearization process of the peninsula in parallel, and resolving the reasonable concerns of all parties in a balanced manner. Actively mediate peace in northern Myanmar (缅甸), and support Myanmar's political reconciliation and transition process. Support Afghanistan's (阿富汗) peaceful reconstruction, actively carry out international coordination, and provide humanitarian assistance.
--Actively Participating in Global Security Governance
China is the only one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council that has pledged not to be the first to use nuclear weapons, has pledged unconditionally not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states and nuclear-weapon-free zones, and has always maintained its nuclear forces at the minimum level required for national security. China actively participates in international arms control, disarmament, and non-proliferation processes, and promotes the resumption of negotiations on the implementation of the Iranian nuclear agreement.
Always participate in the global climate negotiation agenda and the formulation of international rules with a positive attitude, and unremittingly provide financial and technical support within its capacity to developing countries to improve environmental governance.
Support the resolute fight against terrorism in all its forms, and actively advocate regional counter-terrorism cooperation. Firmly support the fight against transnational crime, launch the Greater Mekong Subregion Drug Control Cooperation Mechanism, and carry out drug enforcement cooperation with Australia (澳大利亚), Cambodia (柬埔寨), Vietnam (越南), and other countries, and carry out a special joint operation by the police of China, Thailand (泰国), Myanmar, and Laos (老挝) to combat gambling and fraud groups. China is the first country in the world to formally control fentanyl-related substances as a class.
Fulfilling its responsibility for global public health security. As of the end of 2024, China has dispatched more than 30,000 medical team members to 77 countries and regions, benefiting 300 million patients. Faced with the COVID-19 pandemic, China shared its anti-epidemic experience without reservation and fully helped the international community fight the epidemic.
Actively promote the improvement of the global food and energy security governance system, propose an international food security cooperation initiative within the framework of the G20, and promote the adoption of the "BRICS Strategy for Food Security Cooperation" and the "Declaration of the Council of Heads of Member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on Maintaining International Energy Security."
--Promoting Security Cooperation in Emerging Fields
Advocate building a peaceful, secure, open, cooperative, and orderly cyberspace, and actively expand cybersecurity cooperation with BRICS countries, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (上合组织), the five Central Asian countries, and African countries.
Advocate reaching global digital governance rules that reflect the wishes of all parties and respect the interests of all parties, actively participate in the United Nations Global Digital Compact, and propose the Global Data Security Initiative and the Global Initiative on Cooperation on Cross-Border Data Flows.
Adhere to openness without building walls, interconnection without decoupling, equality without discrimination, create an open, inclusive, and non-discriminatory artificial intelligence development environment, and release the Global Artificial Intelligence Governance Initiative. Propose governance concepts such as people-oriented, intelligence for good, universal benefit and inclusiveness, promote the United Nations General Assembly to unanimously adopt a resolution on strengthening international cooperation in artificial intelligence capacity building, and establish a Friends Group for International Cooperation in Artificial Intelligence Capacity Building. As a responsible major country, China has taken the initiative to optimize and adjust its export control policies for drones and prohibit the export of all civilian drones for military purposes.
Committed to the peaceful use of outer space, resolutely opposing the weaponization of outer space and the arms race in outer space, and actively participating in the United Nations outer space security governance. The 77th and 78th United Nations General Assembly's Disarmament and International Security Committee voted in favor of the resolutions "No First Placement of Weapons in Outer Space" and "Further Practical Measures for the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space" jointly proposed by China, Russia (俄罗斯), and other countries.
On the basis of safeguarding its own legitimate rights and interests, constructively participating in the formulation of the "Agreement on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea" and the "Regulations on the Exploitation of Mineral Resources in the International Seabed Area"; carrying out international cooperation such as scientific expeditions and environmental protection in the South and North Poles.
VI. Promoting the Modernization of the National Security System and Capacity in Deepening Reform
Promoting the modernization of the national security system and capacity is an important part of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. It is an inherent requirement for actively responding to risks and challenges and serving the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and it is also an objective need to actively adapt to the changes in the world and improve global security governance.
Entering the new era, China (中国) has comprehensively deepened reform and opened the process of modernizing the national security system and capacity with great political courage. By establishing the National Security Commission of the Central Committee (中央国家安全委员会), it has established a centralized, unified, efficient, and authoritative national security leadership system and working mechanism. It has promulgated a series of national security laws and regulations led by the National Security Law (国家安全法), initially forming a national security legal system. It has formulated the "Outline of the National Security Strategy" (国家安全战略纲要) and the "National Security Strategy (2021-2025)" (国家安全战略（2021—2025年）), and issued a series of national security strategies and policies in key areas, initially forming a national security strategy system and policy system. Strengthening risk prevention and emergency response, the risk monitoring and early warning system covering all fields and operating at multiple levels, and the framework of overall security and major emergency response have taken initial shape. Adjusting the layout of national security forces, strengthening security capacity building in key areas, strengthening national security education, and establishing the basic framework for the modernization of the national security system and capacity have laid a good foundation for future breakthroughs and continuous improvement.
In the new era and on the new journey, China (中国) will further comprehensively deepen reform, pay more attention to coordinating development and security, place the safeguarding of national security in a more prominent position, and accelerate the modernization of the national security system and capacity.
——Clarify goals. Focus on building a higher-level Peaceful China (平安中国), improve the national security system, strengthen the integrated national strategic system, enhance the ability to safeguard national security, innovate social governance systems, mechanisms, and means, and effectively build a new security pattern. By 2035, comprehensively strengthen the national security system and capacity to build a solid security barrier for the basic realization of socialist modernization.
——Improve the layout. Carry out a unified layout from four aspects: the national security system, the public security governance mechanism, the social governance system, and the foreign-related national security mechanism, connecting national security and social stability, domestic and international, top-level and grassroots, traditional security and non-traditional security, to achieve full coverage of national security.
——Highlight the main line. Taking reform and innovation as the driving force, and systematization and mechanization as the main line, improve the systems and mechanisms for safeguarding national security, pay more attention to coordination and efficiency, the rule of law thinking, technological empowerment, and the grassroots foundation, to achieve a virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security.
(I) Improve the Linked and Efficient National Security System
The national security system is a concentrated reflection of the national security system and its enforcement capacity. Focus on promoting the organic connection, system integration, linkage, and efficiency of all aspects of the national security system construction, forming a systematic synergy and combat effectiveness. (See Figure 4)
Improve the national security work system and mechanism. Adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee (党中央) over national security work, improve the efficient and authoritative national security leadership system, improve the security guarantee system in key areas and the coordination and command system for important special projects, and improve the national security crisis management mechanism, supervision and inspection mechanism, and accountability mechanism.
Improve the national security legal system. Actively promote national security legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas, improve the foreign-related laws and regulations system and the rule of law implementation system, improve the national security Party regulations system, and remove the pain points and blockages in legislation, law enforcement, justice, and popularization of law.
Improve the national security strategy system and policy system. Dynamically improve and adjust the national security strategy to better play the role of strategic macro guidance and overall coordination. Continuously improve national security policies in key areas, strengthen the consistency assessment with macro policy orientations, and increase the implementation of policies.
Improve the national security risk monitoring and early warning system. Increase basic investment in the construction, operation, and maintenance of monitoring and early warning infrastructure, the construction of indicator and standard systems, and risk investigation and statistical surveys, strengthen the construction of talent teams and policy support guarantees, promote the effective connection of risk monitoring, research and judgment, early warning, and disposal, and improve the scientific, standardized, and refined level of monitoring and early warning.
Improve the national emergency management system. Improve the disposal and guarantee system for major public emergencies, improve the emergency command mechanism under the framework of overall security and major emergency response, strengthen the construction of national regional emergency forces, and improve the comprehensive disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief system.
(II) Forge a Practical and Useful National Security Capability
National security capability is the ability of a country to rationally allocate strategic resources to ensure a relatively continuous state of security. Focusing on achieving national security strategic goals, based on the implementation of major national strategies and the construction of security capabilities in key areas, steadily promote the modernization of national security capabilities.
Strengthen social governance. Adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era, and enhance the ability to prevent and resolve social conflicts and disputes. Strengthen the overall prevention and control of social security. Improve the social work system and mechanism, improve the social psychological service system and crisis intervention mechanism, and promote the downward shift of the focus of social governance and services to the grassroots level.
Consolidate the basic guarantees. Implement the diversified energy supply strategy, and improve the overall planning and connection system for the exploration, production, supply, storage, and sale of strategic mineral resources. Continuously improve the comprehensive production and supply guarantee capacity of grain. Deepen the reform of the talent development system and mechanism, and strengthen the cultivation and selection of national security professional and compound talents.
Build a solid military and national defense barrier. Thoroughly implement the chairman responsibility system of the Central Military Commission (军委主席负责制), and improve the leadership and management system and mechanism of the People's Liberation Army (人民军队). Continuously deepen the reform of the joint operations system, and coordinate the construction of military forces and the preparation for military struggle in the traditional security field and the new security field. Deepen cross-military and local reforms, optimize the layout of the national defense science and technology industry, build an advanced national defense science and technology industry system, and consolidate and improve the integrated national strategic system and capabilities.
Promote technological empowerment. Focusing on the major needs in the field of national security, carry out key core technology research with a new type of national system. Increase the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces, strengthen the transformation and application of new technologies in the field of national security, and promote the construction of new domain and new quality capabilities for national security.
Strengthen international coordination. Improve the foreign-related national security mechanism, promote the overall stability and balanced development of major-country relations, deepen friendly mutual trust and integration of interests with neighboring countries, strengthen unity and cooperation among "Global South" countries, and guide the international community to jointly maintain international security.
Improve the quality and effectiveness of publicity and education. Strengthen national security publicity and education, and enhance the national security awareness of all people. Strengthen the construction of national security disciplines, improve the level of national security research, and strengthen the training of national security talents. Build a new era of national security discourse system and narrative system, and refine and deepen the external promotion of the overall national security concept.
Concluding Remarks
In the new era, China's (中国) national security has developed in comprehensively deepening reform, grown in the great struggle, and grown stronger in the construction of Chinese-style modernization, and will practice its mission in the process of building a strong country and rejuvenating the nation.
Along the way, China's (中国) national security has relied on the people to overcome difficulties and obstacles; on the new journey, it is still necessary to rely on the people to create history. If the people are united, they can build a new Great Wall of national security that is indestructible, overcome all risks and challenges on the road ahead, and win opportunities for peaceful development.
China (中国) cherishes its hard-won security and always takes safeguarding the people's security and maintaining world peace as its own responsibility. China (中国) insists on leading peaceful development, insists on promoting world stability and prosperity, and while pursuing its own security, will work with all countries to jointly discuss, build, and share international common security, and strive for lasting peace and universal security in the world. (See Annex)
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), May 12)
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), May 12th, the State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办公室) released the white paper "China's National Security in the New Era" on May 12th. Relevant department heads answered reporters' questions on the background, main content, and guiding ideology of China's national security.
I. What is the background, purpose, and main content of China's formulation and release of its first white paper on national security?
Answer: Currently, changes in the world, changes of the times, and historical changes are unfolding in unprecedented ways. Human society faces a crucial choice between peace and war, prosperity and decline, unity and confrontation, and once again stands at a crossroads in history. Faced with the deepening adverse effects of external environmental changes and the increasing internal risks and challenges, China coordinates the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the major changes unseen in a century in the world. The national security situation has maintained overall stability and progress, and together with Asia-Pacific countries, it has maintained regional peace and development, injecting reliable stability into a turbulent world.
China's release of the "China's National Security in the New Era" white paper against this background aims to comprehensively elaborate on the innovative concepts, vivid practices, and construction achievements of China's national security work in the new era. It fully demonstrates China's confidence in overcoming external containment and suppression and safeguarding national interests, its firm determination to coordinate high-quality development and high-level security, its unchanged original intention to build a lasting peace and a universally secure world, share experiences and practices, and promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.
The full text of the white paper is about 22,000 words and is divided into six parts in addition to the preface and conclusion: China Injects Certainty and Stability into a World of Change and Turmoil; the Overall National Security Concept Guides the Direction of National Security in the New Era; Provides Solid Support for the Steady and Long-term Development of Chinese-style Modernization; Consolidates Security in Development and Seeks Development in Security; Practices the Global Security Initiative and Promotes International Common Security; and Promotes the Modernization of the National Security System and Capacity in Deepening Reform.
II. Entering the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, what is China's guiding ideology and core concept for maintaining national security?
Answer: On April 15, 2014, at the first meeting of the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) creatively proposed the Overall National Security Concept. The Overall National Security Concept is the first major strategic thought established as the guiding ideology for national security work since the founding of New China, an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and a significant ideological and theoretical contribution of contemporary China to the world.
The Overall National Security Concept emphasizes adhering to people's security as its purpose, political security as its foundation, economic security as its basis, military, technological, cultural, and social security as its guarantee, and promoting international security as its reliance. It coordinates development and security, internal and external security, homeland and national security, traditional and non-traditional security, its own security and common security, maintaining and shaping national security, and guarantees a new development pattern with a new security pattern.
The key to the Overall National Security Concept lies in "overall," emphasizing the concept of "big security." "Big security" focuses on "major national interests," covering many key areas, and is the maintenance of national survival and sustainable development under the new situation. However, not all risks in every field are included in national security risks, and it is not the pursuit of absolute security or the generalization of security. China's maintenance of national security has a clear boundary and is essentially different from the United States' generalization of the concept of national security, engaging in sanctions, decoupling, coercion, and blackmail.
Under the guidance of the Overall National Security Concept, China has strengthened the Party's absolute leadership over national security work, practiced the purpose of people's security, adhered to placing political security first, adhered to the principle of safeguarding national interests, prevented and resolved national security risks, and promoted international common security, effectively safeguarding national sovereignty, security, and development interests, and successfully writing a new chapter in the "two miracles" of rapid economic development and long-term social stability.
III. Recently, the high-level Sino-US economic and trade talks have achieved substantial progress. How does China view Sino-US relations and better safeguard its own development rights?
Answer: China always handles Sino-US relations in accordance with the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation, and is committed to the stable, healthy, and sustainable development of Sino-US relations. China does not provoke trouble, nor is it afraid of trouble. The door to talks is open, and if there is a fight, China will accompany it to the end. Pressure and threats are never the right way to deal with China. Safeguarding development rights is one of the red lines of China's national security, and safeguarding national interests is also a basic requirement of China's national security. As the white paper points out, China does not covet the rights and interests of other countries, nor is it jealous of the development of other countries, but it will never give up its legitimate rights and interests, and will not give an inch on matters of principle. China is determined, confident, and capable of coping with the impact of US tariffs, committed to maintaining the multilateral trading system, and maintaining international fairness and justice. China's national security will turn pressure into motivation and regard coping with the US impact as a strategic opportunity to accelerate the construction of a new security pattern and promote the modernization of the national security system and capabilities.
At the same time, China adheres to the basic national policy of opening up to the outside world and opposes any form of unilateralism and protectionism. No matter how the international situation changes, it will unswervingly promote high-level opening up to the outside world, concentrate on doing its own thing well, and make the door to opening up wider and wider. China pays attention to coordinating opening up and security, actively learns from international experience and practices, and promotes coordinated progress in opening up and security. Looking to the future, China will continue to promote the lawful and orderly cross-border flow of capital, talent, technology, and data, promote the efficient allocation of global production factors, strengthen the construction of foreign-related rule of law, improve the mechanisms for countering sanctions, countering interference, and countering "long-arm jurisdiction," enrich the toolbox of countermeasures, and firmly safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests.
IV. With the continuous development of China's economy and society, the people's security needs are becoming stronger and more diverse. What efforts has China's national security work made to enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security?
Answer: China's national security work ultimately safeguards the interests of the people. In the new era, China's national security adheres to the purpose of people's security, which is determined by the nature and purpose of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and China's state system.
Entering the new era, China's national security adheres to serving the people wholeheartedly and relying on the people wholeheartedly, making great efforts to solve the most concerning, most direct, and most realistic security problems of the people, and striving to build a higher level of safe China. It escorts the enhancement of economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and comprehensive national strength, and promotes the construction achievements of Chinese-style modernization to benefit the broad masses of the people more and more fairly. It always puts the safety of people's lives and health first, does a good job in work safety, improves the level of food and drug safety, and enhances the country's comprehensive disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief capabilities. It carries out the fight against terrorism in accordance with the law, severely punishes serious violent crimes and major vicious crimes in accordance with the law, severely cracks down on telecommunications and network fraud in accordance with the law, and effectively protects the personal safety, property safety, and other legitimate rights and interests of the people. It actively prevents and properly resolves various social contradictions, focuses on solving the reasonable demands of the people in employment, education, medical care, social security, housing, elderly care, ecological environment, and other aspects, and strives to make the people feel fairness and justice in every mediation of contradictions and judicial case, significantly improving the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
V. How to handle the relationship between development and security is a common problem faced by all countries in the world. How will China better coordinate development and security?
Answer: Coordinating development and security is one of the major principles of China's governance. The white paper sets up a special chapter to elaborate on the concept and practice of coordinating development and security, responding to domestic and international concerns, pointing out that "high-quality development is the primary task, and not developing is the biggest insecurity," and clarifying that China's national security is the security that serves and promotes high-quality development, clarifying the relationship between the "primary task" and the "top priority." The white paper emphasizes that "high-level security is a prerequisite for development, and without high-level security, there is no high-quality development," and expounds on how high-level security supports and guarantees high-quality development results from four aspects: creating a good external security environment, resolutely maintaining social stability, resolving various risks and challenges in high-quality development, and promoting the safe development of new technologies, new industries, and new models.
On the issue of peace and security, China is the major country with the best record in the world, and Chinese-style modernization is a modernization that takes the path of peaceful development. China solemnly promises to the world that it will never seek hegemony, never expand, and never seek spheres of influence. It is the only major country that has written peaceful development into its constitution and the constitution of the ruling party, rising to the national will. In the 70 years since the founding of New China, it has never proactively provoked a conflict, never occupied an inch of another country's land, and never launched a proxy war. Speculating that China "will become hegemonic when it becomes strong" and rendering the "China threat theory" are purely unfounded.
China is committed to building a modern society that is "both full of vitality and has good order," paying more attention to maintaining social stability in accordance with the law, adhering to the integrated construction of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law, and a society ruled by law, implementing the responsibility system for maintaining social stability, and actively preventing and resolving social contradictions from the institutional mechanism.
China adheres to steadily resolving risks in development, grasping the initiative in food security, ensuring the security of energy and important resources, ensuring the security of industrial and supply chains, and effectively resolving risks in key areas. China's economic foundation is stable, has many advantages, is resilient, and has great potential. The supporting conditions and basic trends for long-term improvement have not changed, and the development prospects are bright. It has the ability to better coordinate development and security and effectively respond to external shocks.
China has maintained political stability and social stability for a long time and is recognized as one of the safest countries in the world. With broad market prospects, stable policy expectations, and a good security situation, it is a fertile ground conducive to enterprise investment and business development. China was, is, and will inevitably be an important engine for promoting world economic growth.
VI. As one of the world's major powers, how does China practice its solemn commitment to maintaining world peace and promoting international common security?
Answer: The white paper systematically elaborates on China's propositions and actions in actively promoting international common security.
To promote international common security, China is an advocate. Faced with the questions of the times, "What kind of security concept does the world need and how can countries achieve common security?" China, with the future of mankind in mind and the well-being of the people in mind, proposed the "Global Security Initiative," advocating adherence to a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept; adherence to respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries; adherence to the purposes and principles of the UN Charter; adherence to attaching importance to the reasonable security concerns of all countries; adherence to resolving differences and disputes between countries peacefully through dialogue and consultation; and adherence to coordinating the maintenance of security in traditional and non-traditional fields.
The Global Security Initiative abandons old concepts such as zero-sum games, absolute security, and alliance confrontation, promotes the transformation of the global security governance system in a more just and reasonable direction, provides a Chinese solution for addressing international security challenges, and reflects a broad international vision and a world-mindedness. As of the end of 2024, the Global Security Initiative has been supported and appreciated by 119 countries and international organizations and has been written into 123 bilateral and multilateral political documents.
To promote international common security, China is also a doer. China firmly supports the United Nations (联合国) as the core platform for all countries to jointly maintain universal security, promotes the construction of a universally secure world, constructively participates in the political settlement of international and regional hotspot issues, actively participates in global security governance, and promotes security cooperation in emerging fields.
China will always be a firm force in defending national interests, always be a just force in maintaining world peace and stability, always be a progressive force in maintaining international fairness and justice, and always be a constructive force in promoting global common development, actively building broader consensus for building an equal and orderly multipolar world, and injecting more certainty and stability into a turbulent world.
Return to TopBy: 中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室
目录
前 言
一、中国为变乱交织的世界注入确定性和稳定性
（一）世界在新的动荡变革中站在历史的十字路口
（二）亚太在总体稳定中面临严峻挑战
（三）中国在化解风险中保持稳固坚韧
二、总体国家安全观为新时代国家安全指引方向
（一）把握总体为要
（二）践行人民安全宗旨
（三）坚持把政治安全摆在首位
（四）坚守维护国家利益准则
（五）防范化解国家安全风险
（六）推进国际共同安全
（七）加强党对国家安全工作的绝对领导
三、为中国式现代化行稳致远提供坚实支撑
（一）维护党的执政地位和社会主义制度
（二）提高人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感
（三）保障高质量发展
（四）维护国家领土完整和海洋权益
（五）确保新兴领域安全可靠
四、在发展中固安全，在安全中谋发展
（一）推动发展和安全动态平衡、相得益彰
（二）推动开放和安全相互促进、协同提升
五、践行全球安全倡议，推进国际共同安全
（一）全球安全倡议贡献中国智慧
（二）推动倡议落实增进共同安全
六、在深化改革中推进国家安全体系和能力现代化
（一）健全联动高效的国家安全体系
（二）锻造实战实用的国家安全能力
结束语
附件：新时代国家安全领域重点法律列表
前 言
For a great nation, security is paramount.
For five thousand years, the Chinese nation has strived for peace and tranquility.
Since the Opium War, the Chinese people have risen up to resist in order to save the nation from peril.
Since its establishment, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has shouldered the historical mission of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, uniting and leading the Chinese people, and after 28 years of bloody battles, it established the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国), realizing national independence and people's liberation.
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国), under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the Chinese people have relied on their own efforts and worked hard to successfully open up a path of national security with Chinese characteristics. China has defeated the aggression, sabotage, and armed provocations of imperialism and hegemonism, and defended national sovereignty and the people's democratic regime; unswervingly promoted the complete reunification of the country, promoted cross-Strait relations from isolation to exchanges, and realized the smooth return of Hong Kong (香港) and Macao (澳门); correctly handled the relationship between reform, development, and stability, and wrote the "two major miracles" of rapid economic development and long-term social stability; adhered to the path of peaceful development, and created a good security environment for reform, opening up, and modernization.
Entering a new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core creatively put forward the Overall National Security Concept, established the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会), comprehensively deepened the reform of the national security system and mechanism, accelerated the modernization of the national security system and capabilities, and national security has been comprehensively strengthened. China has not yielded an inch on matters of principle, has carried out a great struggle with many new historical characteristics, and has withstood the tests of risks and challenges from politics, economy, ideology, and the natural world. National security work has achieved historic achievements and undergone historic changes, providing a strong security guarantee for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and embarking on a new journey of building a modern socialist country in all respects.
China's national security in the new era is overall, systematic, and relatively large-scale security. It is security that takes people's security as its purpose, political security as its foundation, and national interests as its criterion. It is security that serves and promotes high-quality development, security that is dynamically adjusted according to economic and social development, security that supports further expansion of high-level opening up, and security that operates in a standardized manner on the track of the rule of law. China coordinates its own security and common security, opposes the generalization of security, does not implement security coercion, does not accept threats and pressure, adheres to independence and self-reliance, puts solving security problems on the basis of its own strength, and adheres to the path of national security with Chinese characteristics.
National security is an important foundation for the steady and long-term development of Chinese-style modernization. In order to fully explain the innovative concepts, vivid practices, and construction achievements of China's national security work in the new era, share experiences and practices, and work with other countries to promote world peace and development and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Chinese government hereby publishes this white paper.
I. China Injects Certainty and Stability into a World of Turbulence and Change
At present, China has entered a critical period of comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the nation with Chinese-style modernization. Faced with the complex situation of deepening adverse effects brought about by changes in the external environment and increasing internal risks and challenges, China coordinates the overall strategic situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the major changes in the world unseen in a century. The national security situation has maintained overall stability and steady progress, jointly maintaining regional peace and development with Asia-Pacific countries, and injecting reliable stability into a turbulent world.
(I) The World Stands at a Crossroads of History Amid New Turbulence and Changes
In the 20th century, human society suffered the catastrophe of two world wars and fell into the quagmire of the Cold War for nearly half a century. Prolonged panic and unease enveloped the globe. Avoiding future generations from suffering the scourge of war was the common expectation of people at that time.
At present, changes in the world, times, and history are unfolding in unprecedented ways. Multiple contradictions and risks are intertwined, and the deficits in peace, development, security, and governance are increasing. Human society is facing a critical choice between peace and war, prosperity and recession, unity and confrontation, and is once again standing at a crossroads of history.
Geopolitical conflicts have intensified. Hegemonism, power politics, and the Cold War mentality have resurfaced. Acts of hegemony, domineering behavior, and bullying, such as relying on the strong to bully the weak, seizing by force, and zero-sum games, are deeply harmful. Individual major countries disregard international responsibilities, "renege on agreements and withdraw from groups," and undermine global stability. Local conflicts and turbulence occur frequently. The international arms race continues to escalate. Populism and extreme political ideologies are on the rise. Policy adjustments in some countries have produced serious negative spillover effects.
Economic globalization has encountered headwinds. Unilateralism and protectionism have intensified, the multilateral trading system has been obstructed, and "building walls and barriers" and "decoupling and breaking chains" have undermined the security of global industrial and supply chains. Individual countries impose tariffs on other countries for non-economic reasons, disrupting the global economic order. The momentum of world economic growth is insufficient, international economic cycles are encountering obstacles, and the global development gap is widening.
Non-traditional security challenges are increasing. Extreme climate disasters occur frequently, and ecological, food, and energy security are facing severe challenges. Terrorism, separatism, religious extremist forces, and major transnational epidemics pose serious threats to security. Security issues in areas such as space, the deep sea, the Arctic, and cyberspace are constantly emerging.
The "double-edged sword" effect of the new round of technological revolution is becoming prominent. Cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, quantum technology, and biotechnology are accelerating their development. While empowering mankind to understand and transform the world, they also bring a series of unpredictable risks and challenges, which have a profound impact on the national security and social stability of various countries, and may even reshape the global security landscape.
At the same time, the historical trend of peace, development, cooperation, and win-win results is unstoppable, and the general direction of human development and progress and the general logic of the tortuous advancement of world history have not changed. The balance of international power is undergoing profound adjustments, and the "Global South" is growing stronger, playing an increasingly important role in promoting world peace and cooperation in addressing global challenges, and is increasingly becoming a mainstay of stability, goodwill, and progress. Tranquility, harmony, prosperity, and development are still the common aspirations and pursuits of people all over the world. Countries have already boarded a large ship with a shared destiny. No country can retreat to a self-enclosed island. The only way out for mankind is to work together in harmony and live in harmony.
(II) The Asia-Pacific Region Faces Severe Challenges Amid Overall Stability
The Asia-Pacific region has an important strategic position in the world pattern and is an important engine of global economic prosperity. The Asia-Pacific region has maintained overall peace for nearly half a century, without large-scale armed conflicts. However, as the world's economic and strategic center of gravity continues to shift to the Asia-Pacific region, the security of the Asia-Pacific region faces many severe challenges.
The Asia-Pacific region is a stable part of the global landscape. Promoting peace, seeking stability, and seeking development are the strategic orientations and common demands of most countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Handling differences and disputes through dialogue and consultation is the main policy orientation of countries in the region. Most countries adhere to true multilateralism and open regionalism, and the process of regional economic integration enhances political mutual trust among countries in the region. The construction of regional security mechanisms is constantly advancing, and regional and sub-regional security cooperation is constantly deepening.
The Asia-Pacific region has become a focus of major power games. Individual countries strengthen military alliances in the Asia-Pacific region, woo regional allies, build exclusive "small groups," and insist on advancing military deployments, including intermediate-range missile systems, which seriously exacerbate regional tensions. Some Cold War legacy issues are in danger of re-escalating, and the difficulty and complexity of dealing with unresolved territorial and maritime rights disputes have increased after the intervention of extraterritorial forces.
Faced with a turbulent world and a turbulent Asia-Pacific region, China always stands on the right side of history and on the side of human progress, stabilizing the uncertain world with China's certainty. China always acts as a firm force in safeguarding national interests, and no amount of extreme pressure, threats, or blackmail can shake the unity of the 1.4 billion Chinese people. China always acts as a just force in maintaining world peace and stability, continues to expand equal, open, and cooperative global partnerships, actively practices the Chinese approach to resolving hotspot issues, writes a new chapter of unity and self-reliance with the "Global South," and makes peaceful development a common choice for all countries in the world. China always acts as a progressive force in safeguarding international fairness and justice, adheres to true multilateralism, keeps the future of mankind in mind and the well-being of the people at heart, promotes global governance through consultation, joint construction, and shared benefits, adheres to the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter, and builds broader consensus for building an equal and orderly multipolar world. China always acts as a constructive force in promoting global common development, expands high-level opening up to the outside world, shares the broad opportunities of Chinese-style modernization with all countries, safeguards the multilateral trading system, creates an open, inclusive, and non-discriminatory international cooperation environment, and promotes inclusive and beneficial economic globalization.
(III) China Maintains Stability and Resilience in Defusing Risks
Entering a new era, China's comprehensive national strength, international influence, and ability to resist risks have been significantly enhanced. It has continued to maintain political stability, national unity, social stability, and economic development, and is one of the safest countries in the world.
At the same time, with the world's great development, great changes, and great adjustments, China is further comprehensively deepening reform. It faces new development opportunities as well as risks and tests. It faces both common security risks that are global and regional, and special security challenges at a critical stage of national rejuvenation.
External security pressure has increased. Western anti-China forces are doing everything possible to encircle, suppress, and contain China, implement Westernization and division strategies against China, and carry out infiltration and sabotage activities. Extraterritorial forces have increased their efforts to interfere in China's surrounding affairs, posing a threat to China's border areas, borders, and surrounding security. Individual countries grossly interfere in China's internal affairs, stir up trouble in the Taiwan Strait, the South China Sea, and the East China Sea, and frequently cause trouble on issues involving Xinjiang, Tibet, and Hong Kong. Some external forces are deliberately playing the "Taiwan card," and the "Taiwan independence" forces stubbornly adhere to their separatist stance and take risks to provoke. Overseas "Tibetan independence" and "East Turkistan" separatist forces are active.
Risks in key areas are complex and diverse. Traditional and non-traditional security threats are intertwined and integrated. Some key core technologies are still subject to others, the foundation for economic recovery is not yet solid, and situations that affect social security and stability, such as major natural disasters, work safety accidents, public health incidents, and vicious criminal cases, still occur from time to time. The safety of overseas institutions, projects, and personnel faces real risks.
In general, the connotation and extension of China's national security in the new era are richer than at any time in history, the space-time domain is broader than at any time in history, and internal and external factors are more complex than at any time in history. China puts national security in a more prominent position, resolutely withstands and counterattacks external containment and suppression, runs security and development through all fields and the entire process of national development, focuses on improving the level of public security governance, and effectively safeguards national sovereignty, security, and development interests, successfully continuing the new chapter of the "two major miracles" of rapid economic development and long-term social stability.
Looking to the future, China's ability to maintain and shape national security is unprecedented, and its determination is unwavering. With the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the significant advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the solid foundation accumulated by continuous and rapid development, and the unity of the 1.4 billion Chinese people, the historical process of China's comprehensive promotion of the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the nation is unstoppable, and it will surely make new and greater contributions to maintaining regional stability and prosperity and promoting world peace and development.
II. The Overall National Security Concept Guides National Security in the New Era
In the process of development for more than 5,000 years, the Chinese nation has created a broad and profound brilliant culture, which contains rich strategic ideas of national security, such as paying attention to the awareness of adversity, "being safe without forgetting danger, surviving without forgetting death, and governing without forgetting chaos"; highlighting the people-oriented ideology, "**民惟邦本，本固邦宁**" (mín wéi bāng běn, běn gù bāng níng - "the people are the foundation of the country, and the foundation is solid and the country is peaceful," the people are the foundation of the state, when the foundation is firm, the state is secure); advocating good faith and good neighborliness, "being close to benevolence and being kind to neighbors is the treasure of a country"; striving for both internal and external considerations, "internal affairs are civilized and harmonious, and external affairs are martial and righteous," and so on. These traditional Chinese national security concepts have stood the test of time and have played a positive role in stabilizing the country and eliminating internal and external troubles.
Since the founding of New China, Chinese leaders have attached great importance to national security. Mao Zedong (毛泽东) proposed the strategy of dividing the world into three, Deng Xiaoping (邓小平) made the major judgment that peace and development are the themes of the current era, Jiang Zemin (江泽民) proposed establishing a new security concept of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, and cooperation, and Hu Jintao (胡锦涛) emphasized adhering to the path of peaceful development. These national security strategic ideas have played an important role in maintaining national security and promoting world peace.
Entering a new era, on April 15, 2014, at the first meeting of the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) creatively put forward the Overall National Security Concept. The Overall National Security Concept comprehensively draws on the essence of outstanding traditional Chinese culture, systematically summarizes the theoretical achievements and practical experience of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) in safeguarding national security, and is the first major strategic thought since the founding of New China to be established as the guiding ideology for national security work. It is an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and is a major ideological and theoretical contribution of contemporary China to the world.
The Overall National Security Concept is rooted in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It must not only solve the common security problems faced by countries around the world, but also properly handle the unique security problems of a large eastern country. As a large socialist country, China must ensure that the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and the socialist system with Chinese characteristics do not change color; as a super-large country with a population of more than 1.4 billion, with a vast territory and many ethnic groups, it must maintain national unity and ethnic unity, and resolutely oppose any form of separatist activity; as one of the countries with many neighboring countries, long land and sea borders, and a complex surrounding security situation, it must consolidate its surrounding strategic support; as a large country that is in a critical stage of national rejuvenation, the further it advances, the more difficult and dangerous it becomes, and it must promote the virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security; as a large country that adheres to the path of peaceful development, it must promote the coordination between its own security and common security.
The Overall National Security Concept was created through profound reflection on the general trend of the times and developed through unremitting exploration of the path of national security with Chinese characteristics. It contains the value concepts, working ideas, and mechanism paths of China's national security governance. The Overall National Security Concept emphasizes adhering to people's security as its purpose, political security as its foundation, economic security as its basis, military, technological, cultural, and social security as its guarantee, and promoting international security as its support. It coordinates development and security, internal and external security, homeland security and national security, traditional and non-traditional security, its own security and common security, and coordinates the maintenance and shaping of national security, so as to guarantee a new development pattern with a new security pattern.
(1) Grasping the Overall Situation as the Key
The key to the Overall National Security Concept lies in "overall," and "overall" is the soul of China's national security in the new era. It highlights the concept of comprehensive security, covering many fields such as politics, military affairs, land, economy, finance, culture, society, science and technology, the Internet, food, ecology, resources, nuclear power, overseas interests, space, deep sea, polar regions, biology, artificial intelligence, and data, and is constantly dynamically adjusted with social development. Comprehensive security is the maintenance of national survival and sustainable development under the new situation, but it is not a generalization of security, let alone the pursuit of absolute security. Comprehensive security creates conditions for national overall security by doing a good job in the security of one place, one region, and one industry, and consolidates the foundation for long-term national stability and security by solving security problems in a timely and effective manner. It is necessary to adhere to systematic thinking, strengthen scientific coordination, comprehensively consider various security factors, properly handle major relationships such as development and security, external and internal affairs, vitality and order, risks and opportunities, and safeguarding rights and maintaining stability, enhance the systematicness, integrity, and coordination of national security work, and fight a good overall battle for national security.
(2) Practicing the Purpose of People's Security
This is the fundamental position of China's national security in the new era. The nature and purpose of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and China's state system determine that the Party, the people, and the country are a community. The country is the people, and the people are the country. China's national security is all for the people and relies on the people. The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) shares weal and woe and lives and dies together with the Chinese people. Any attempt to separate or antagonize the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) from the people will never succeed. The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) always puts the safety and health of the people first, effectively protects the people's property safety and other legitimate rights and interests, focuses on solving the security problems that the people strongly reflect, and constantly improves the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
(3) Insisting on Putting Political Security First
This is the lifeline of China's national security in the new era. The core of political security is the security of state power and the security of the system, and the most fundamental thing is to safeguard the leadership and ruling position of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and safeguard the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. If political security is not guaranteed, China will inevitably fall into a situation of division and disunity, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will be out of the question, and the fundamental and long-term interests of the people will not be guaranteed. We must enhance political sensitivity and political discernment, eliminate various political hidden dangers in a timely manner, and prevent non-political risks from spreading into political risks.
(4) Adhering to the Principle of Safeguarding National Interests
This is the basic requirement of China's national security in the new era. Every country must safeguard its own national interests, and at the same time, it should consider its own interests at a broader level and not at the expense of harming the interests of other countries. All countries should respect each other's core interests and major concerns. China safeguards national security, mainly to safeguard national interests, especially core interests. China's core interests mainly include: national power, sovereignty, unity and territorial integrity, people's well-being, and sustainable economic and social development. China does not covet the rights and interests of other countries, nor is it jealous of the development of other countries, but it will never give up its legitimate rights and interests, and will never trade its core interests.
(5) Preventing and Resolving National Security Risks
This is the central task of China's national security in the new era. China faces risks in many aspects. All kinds of risks must be prevented and controlled, but the focus is on preventing and controlling the overall risks that may delay or interrupt the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must be highly vigilant against "black swan" events and prevent "gray rhino" events; we must have the first move to prevent risks, and we must also have clever moves to deal with and resolve risk challenges; we must fight a prepared battle to prevent and resist risks, and we must also fight a strategic initiative to turn danger into safety and turn crisis into opportunity. We must carry forward the spirit of struggle, dare to struggle, be good at struggle, and seek unity, cooperation, and win-win results in the struggle. We must adhere to the bottom-line thinking, focus on preventing various risks and challenges from interacting internally and externally, transmitting across regions, and accumulating and superimposing, and resolutely hold the bottom line of not allowing systemic risks to occur.
(6) Promoting International Common Security
This is China's responsibility as a major country for national security in the new era. To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we need not only a stable and united domestic environment, but also a peaceful and stable international environment. China does not agree with the outdated logic that "a strong country will inevitably dominate," and the Chinese nation does not have the genes to invade others or seek hegemony in its blood. All countries should take into account the security of other countries when seeking their own security, and strive to find a path of mutually beneficial and win-win security. China advocates a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept, proposes and promotes the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, actively participates in global security governance, strengthens international security cooperation, and works with all countries in the world to jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind.
(7) Strengthening the Party's Absolute Leadership over National Security Work
This is the fundamental guarantee of China's national security in the new era. China's socialist system with Chinese characteristics and its basic national conditions determine that to cope with various risks and challenges on the road ahead, we must adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党). The Party plays the leading core role of overseeing the overall situation and coordinating all parties. The Party's leadership is comprehensive, systematic, and holistic, running through all aspects and the entire process of national security work. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) decided to establish the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会) for the purpose of better adapting to the new situation and new tasks of national security, establishing a centralized, unified, efficient, and authoritative national security system, and strengthening leadership over national security work.
The Overall National Security Concept leads China's national security work to continuously create new situations, establishes a cooperative and inclusive national security concept internationally, will provide theoretical guidance for national security with Chinese characteristics in the new era and new journey, contribute Chinese wisdom to promoting and improving global security governance, and play an important role in maintaining world peace and stability.
3. Providing Solid Support for the Steady and Long-term Development of Chinese-style Modernization
Entering the new era, focusing on achieving national strategic goals and implementing the Overall National Security Concept, China's national security resolutely fulfills the major responsibilities entrusted by the Party and the people, prevents and resolves various risks in the process of Chinese-style modernization, builds a solid security barrier for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and provides strategic support for promoting world peace and development.
(1) Safeguarding the Party's Ruling Position and the Socialist System
The key to China's national security lies in the Party. China puts safeguarding political security in the first place, always plans and promotes security in other fields from the height of safeguarding political security, improves its ability to prevent political risks, promptly blocks the transformation channels of risks in different fields, avoids cross-infection, prevents non-political risks from spreading into political risks, and ensures the Party's long-term ruling and the country's long-term stability and security.
Safeguarding the security of state power, the security of the system, and the security of ideology. Comprehensively deepening the reform of the Party's construction system, thoroughly promoting the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, and constantly transforming the Party's political advantages, organizational advantages, and institutional advantages into the Party and the country's governance advantages. Unswervingly adhering to and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, improving the system of the People's Congress, the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of grassroots mass autonomy. Adhering to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, building a socialist ideology with strong cohesion and leadership, firmly guarding the ideological and public opinion front, and creating a clean and upright network environment. Relevant Chinese and foreign public opinion reports show that Chinese respondents' trust in the government, satisfaction with the state of democracy, and recognition of a clean government all exceed 90%, consistently ranking among the top in the countries surveyed.
Preventing and resisting infiltration, sabotage, subversion, and secessionist activities by hostile forces. Resolutely preventing overseas anti-China forces from implementing Westernization and division strategies against China by promoting Western democracy, freedom, human rights, and so-called "universal values"; strictly preventing and severely cracking down on various infiltration and subversion activities by hostile forces to instigate "color revolutions" and "street politics" against us. Carrying out national security education for all people on a regular basis to build a solid people's defense line. Comprehensively implementing the Party's strategy for governing Tibet and Xinjiang in the new era,依法打击分裂破坏活动，渗透得到有效遏制，社会治安状况明显好转.
Maintaining long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao. Comprehensively and accurately, firmly and unswervingly implementing the "One Country, Two Systems" policy, implementing the central government's overall jurisdiction, implementing the principle of "patriots governing Hong Kong" (爱国者治港) and "patriots governing Macao" (爱国者治澳), implementing the legal system and enforcement mechanism for the special administrative region to safeguard national security, and adhering to the unity of the central government's overall jurisdiction and safeguarding the high degree of autonomy of the special administrative region. Formulating and implementing the Law of the People's Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, improving the electoral system of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, punishing criminals who endanger national security in accordance with the law, and promoting Hong Kong from chaos to governance and prosperity.
(2) Improving the People's Sense of Gain, Happiness, and Security
National prosperity and people's security are the most basic and universal aspirations of the people. At present, profound changes have taken place in the main social contradictions in China, and the people's security needs are becoming stronger and more diverse. Starting from meeting the people's growing needs in democracy, the rule of law, fairness, justice, security, and the environment, China focuses on the most prominent problems and strives to maintain social stability, safe production, food and drug safety, and prevent major natural disasters to ensure that the people live and work in peace and contentment and that society is stable and orderly.
Building a Safe China. Continuing to deepen the special campaign to severely crack down on violent terrorism, maintaining a high-pressure stance of severely cracking down on the "three forces" such as "East Turkistan" in accordance with the law, and achieving a fundamental improvement in the situation of the fight against terrorism. Cracking down on all kinds of underworld and evil forces' illegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law, and promoting the normalization of the fight against underworld and evil forces to go deeper and more solidly. Social security has continued to stabilize and improve, severely punishing the prominent illegal and criminal activities of gambling, drugs, food and medicine, environmental protection, theft, robbery, fraud, and those targeting women, children, and left-behind elderly people that the masses strongly reflect, and severely cracking down on new types of crimes such as telecommunications network fraud, cross-border gambling, and infringement of citizens' personal information and transnational, cross-border, and cross-regional crimes in accordance with the law to protect the people's personal rights, property rights, and personality rights. Establishing and improving the responsibility system for maintaining social stability, and maintaining the overall stability of society. Adhering to and developing the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era, strengthening the standardized construction of comprehensive management centers, and promoting the legalization of resolving contradictions and disputes. Maintaining social fairness and justice, and cultivating a social mentality of self-esteem, self-confidence, rationality, peace, and positivity. China is one of the countries in the world with the lowest homicide rate, the lowest criminal crime rate, and the fewest gun and explosive cases. According to data from the Ministry of Public Security of China (中国公安部), the number of homicides per 100,000 people in China was 0.46 in 2023 and 0.44 in 2024.
Improving the ability and level of emergency management. Establishing an efficient and scientific natural disaster prevention and control system, strengthening the construction of regional emergency forces, strengthening the foundation of grassroots emergency response, and improving the ability to prevent, mitigate, and relieve disasters. In 2024, the number of people affected by natural disasters and the number of collapsed houses nationwide decreased by 20.4% and 50% respectively compared with the average of the previous 5 years. Improving and implementing the responsibility system for safe production, strengthening safety supervision in key industries and key fields, and improving the risk investigation and rectification and accountability mechanism for safe production. In 2024, a total of 21,800 various production safety accidents occurred nationwide, with 389 major accidents, a year-on-year decrease of 11% and 10.8% respectively, and 9 particularly serious accidents, falling to single digits for the first time.
Safeguarding the people's lives, safety, and health. Improving the public health system, strengthening grassroots medical and health services, and doing a good job in the prevention and control of major new and sudden infectious diseases. Strictly carrying out supervision and inspection of food production and operation, continuously deepening the action to consolidate and improve drug safety, and strengthening food and drug safety supervision. Improving the population service system covering the entire population and the entire life cycle, improving the fertility support policy system and incentive mechanism, and promoting the construction of a fertility-friendly society. In 2024, the average life expectancy of Chinese people reached 79 years old. (See Figure 1)
Protecting ecological security. China adheres to precise pollution control, scientific pollution control, and pollution control in accordance with the law, focusing on solving the outstanding problems of air, water, and soil that the people strongly reflect, and continues to fight the tough battle to defend the blue sky, clear water, and pure land, and solidly carries out the action to improve the rural living environment. In 2024, the national average PM2.5 concentration was 29.3 micrograms per cubic meter, a decrease of 36% compared with 2015, the number of heavily polluted days decreased by 68%, and the proportion of days with good air quality reached more than 86% for 5 consecutive years, and the people's satisfaction with the ecological environment exceeded 91%. Improving the quality and stability of the ecosystem, promoting the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, the national forest coverage rate exceeded 25% in 2024, and about 1/4 of the world's new green area since the beginning of this century came from China.
(3) Guaranteeing High-Quality Development
China's development history shows that there are problems with not developing, there are problems with developing, and the problems that arise after development are no less than those before development. In response to the outstanding contradictions and problems in development, China has firmly established the concept of safe development, accelerated the improvement of the safe development system and mechanism, made up for relevant shortcomings, maintained the security of science and technology, finance, food, energy resources, industrial chain supply chain, overseas interests, and other fields, and resolved contradictions and risks in a timely manner in promoting development, so as to build national development on a more secure and reliable foundation.
Promoting the sustained and healthy development of the economy. Adhering to putting the security of the basic economic system in the first place. Improving the quality and efficiency of economic development, deepening supply-side structural reform, focusing on building a unified national market, expanding domestic demand in all directions, and achieving dynamic balance in the economy at a higher level. Continuously improving the resilience and security level of the industrial chain supply chain, accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system, and building an independent and controllable, safe and reliable domestic production and supply system.
Resolutely holding the bottom line of not allowing systemic financial risks to occur. Actively giving play to the dual functions of the total amount and structure of monetary policy tools, managing the total gate of currency, and maintaining the basic stability of the RMB exchange rate at a reasonable and balanced level. Regulating the order of the capital market and maintaining the stability of the capital market. Striving to stabilize the real estate market and focusing on building a new model for real estate development. Prudently disposing of local government debt risks and accurately resolving the risks of local small and medium-sized financial institutions.
Shouldering the heavy responsibility of food security. Implementing the national food security strategy, firmly guarding the 1.8 billion mu red line of cultivated land, accelerating the tackling of core seed source technologies, and continuously improving the food production, purchase, storage, processing, and sales system. Grain output has remained stable at more than 650 million tons for 10 consecutive years, exceeding 700 million tons in 2024.
Ensuring the security of energy and important resources. Establishing a diversified supply system, curbing unreasonable energy consumption, maintaining the overall balance of energy supply and demand, promoting energy system reform and technological innovation, strengthening international cooperation in all directions, and achieving energy security under open conditions. Implementing a new round of strategic action for mineral exploration breakthroughs, replenishing strategic mineral reserves, strengthening the recycling of renewable resources, and ensuring a sufficient, stable, and sustainable supply of important resources.
Accelerate the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology. Give play to the advantages of the new type of national system, make every effort to tackle key core technologies in basic raw materials, high-end chips, industrial software, and crop seeds, make forward-looking deployments in fields such as artificial intelligence and quantum information, accelerate the overcoming of "bottleneck" technologies in important fields and achieve industrialization. The "Zu Chongzhi (祖冲之)" series of superconducting quantum computing prototypes, the "Chang'e 6 (嫦娥六号)" probe, and the "Mengxiang (梦想)" deep-sea drilling vessel have all made breakthroughs. Accelerate the layout of national strategic scientific and technological forces, strengthen basic scientific research, promote the construction of a national laboratory system, coordinate the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers, strengthen the main position of enterprises in technological innovation, and improve the transformation and industrialization level of scientific and technological achievements. China's global innovation index ranking has jumped from 34th in 2012 to 11th in 2024, entering the ranks of innovative countries. Build a monitoring, early warning, and response system for science and technology security risks, improve the regulatory system for emerging technology fields, shape a cultural concept of technology for good, and integrate technological ethics requirements throughout the entire process of scientific and technological activities. (See Figure 2)
Strengthen the protection of overseas interests. China safeguards its overseas interests through foreign-related rule of law, diplomatic and consular protection, evacuation and escort operations, and international cooperation. Adhere to prevention first, strengthen the early warning, prevention, and protection mechanisms for overseas interests and investment risks, establish a global consular protection and service emergency call center, open the "12308" 24-hour emergency hotline, and give play to the role of platforms such as "going global" public services to safeguard the safety and legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese citizens, organizations, and institutions. In 2024, China safely evacuated more than 10,000 compatriots from high-risk areas abroad and handled more than 50,000 consular protection assistance cases.
(IV) Safeguarding National Territorial Integrity and Maritime Rights and Interests
China has not yet achieved complete reunification, and the task of safeguarding territorial sovereignty, maritime rights and interests, and national unity is arduous and heavy. China will never allow anyone, any organization, any political party, at any time, in any form, to separate any piece of Chinese territory from China. China adheres to the overall land-sea planning and adheres to the unity of safeguarding national sovereignty, security, and development interests.
Unswervingly promote the complete reunification of the country. Adhere to the One China principle and the "1992 Consensus (九二共识)," implement the overall strategy and general policy of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) for resolving the Taiwan issue in the new era, promote the peaceful development and integrated development of cross-strait relations, tighten the emotional bonds and interest ties between the two sides of the strait, and consolidate the foundation for peaceful national reunification. Unite the broad masses of Taiwan compatriots, firmly support the patriotic and reunification forces on the island, strengthen cross-strait dialogue, communication, and democratic consultation, jointly discuss the grand plan for reunification, and jointly seek the great cause of reunification. Resolutely oppose the "Taiwan status undetermined theory," the legal effect of UN General Assembly Resolution 2758 is beyond doubt, Taiwan is a province of China, and there is no basis, reason, or right to participate in the United Nations and other international organizations that only sovereign states can participate in. Resolutely oppose "Taiwan independence" separatism and external interference, crack down on stubborn "Taiwan independence" elements in accordance with the law, and effectively deter "Taiwan independence" separatist forces. China always strives for peaceful reunification with the utmost sincerity and the greatest efforts, but never promises to renounce the use of force and reserves the option of taking all necessary measures.
Safeguard border security and maritime rights and interests. Negotiated and resolved land boundary issues with 12 of the 14 land neighbors, and the border negotiations with India and Bhutan continue to advance. Completed the demarcation of the Beibu Gulf (北部湾) waters between China and Vietnam, signed border defense cooperation agreements with 9 surrounding countries, established border defense meeting mechanisms with 12 countries, and regularly carried out friendly mutual visits, working talks, joint patrols and law enforcement, and joint exercises to combat cross-border crimes. Conduct routine patrols and law enforcement in the waters of the Diaoyu Islands (钓鱼岛). China has indisputable sovereignty over the Nansha Islands (南沙群岛) and their adjacent waters, and carries out construction and facility maintenance on some of the stationed islands and reefs in the Nansha Islands to improve the working and living conditions of personnel on the islands and provide international public safety products such as navigation, rescue, weather, and marine environmental forecasts.
(V) Ensuring the Safety and Reliability of Emerging Fields
The development of emerging fields originates from the innovation and application of science and technology and is a new frontier of national security. The imbalance between technological innovation and development and security governance in emerging fields brings many new issues in terms of security, social governance, and moral ethics, which are long-term major challenges facing all countries. China attaches great importance to the technological development and risk prevention in emerging fields, pays attention to forward-looking prevention and constraint guidance, establishes and improves relevant laws and regulations, and gradually realizes agile governance, classified and graded management, and rapid and effective response.
Build a solid security barrier for networks, data, and artificial intelligence. Continue to strengthen the construction of network security overall planning mechanisms, means, and platforms to ensure the safety and reliability of critical information infrastructure. Promulgate and implement the Data Security Law, and establish six data security management systems and mechanisms, including data classification and hierarchical protection, monitoring and early warning, emergency response, security review, export control, and reciprocal countermeasures. In accordance with the principle of emphasizing both development and security and combining the promotion of innovation with governance in accordance with the law, build an artificial intelligence security supervision and evaluation system, and improve the supporting security protection system for people, technology, objects, and management.
Improve the ability to govern biosecurity. Strengthen the construction of a biosecurity risk prevention and control and governance system, establish and improve emergency plans for emergencies, improve the ability to develop new biotechnology and new drug vaccines, improve the level of biosecurity resource supervision, and strengthen the systematic governance and full-chain prevention and control of biosecurity risks.
Enhance its own nuclear safety capabilities. Take ensuring nuclear safety as an important national responsibility, implement full-chain supervision of nuclear facilities, nuclear materials, nuclear activities, and radioactive materials, continuously promote the modernization of the nuclear safety supervision system and supervision capabilities, and maintain a good nuclear safety record for a long time. (See Special Column 1)
IV. Consolidate Security in Development and Seek Development in Security
In today's era, development interests and security interests are intertwined in a complex way, development issues may be transformed into security risks, and the lack of security will seriously restrict development. How to handle the relationship between development and security is a common problem facing all countries.
China attaches great importance to coordinating development and security, establishes the concept that development is the absolute principle and security is also the absolute principle, and strives to achieve a virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security. Practice has proved that development is the foundation and security is the prerequisite, and development and security are two wings of one body and two wheels of driving. It is necessary to adhere to enhancing national security strength through development and promoting high-level security with high-quality development; it is also necessary to continuously improve security guarantee capabilities, clarify security boundaries, and guard the bottom line of security to ensure high-quality development with high-level security. China always adheres to the basic national policy of opening up to the outside world and emphasizes that the more open it is, the more attention should be paid to security, and strives to promote the unification of improving the level of opening up to the outside world and enhancing the ability to supervise opening up and prevent risks.
Entering the new era, China has clearly defined the coordination of development and security as one of the major principles of governing the country, incorporated it into the overall situation of economic and social development, not only consistently grasping high-quality development as the "primary task," but also handling the "top priority" of ensuring national security, unifying development and security, jointly planning, deploying as a whole, and promoting each other.
(I) Promote the Dynamic Balance and Mutual Enhancement of Development and Security
——High-quality development is the primary task, and not developing is the biggest insecurity. Take high-quality development as the absolute principle of the new era and seek security on the basis of continuously strengthening the material and technological foundation. Practice has shown that stagnation in development and reform and opening up will not only make it difficult to achieve security, but also weaken the foundation of security. China adheres to correctly handling the relationship between reform, development, and stability, unifying the intensity of reform, the speed of development, and the degree of social acceptability, and promoting social stability through reform and development.
——High-level security is the prerequisite for development, and there is no high-quality development without high-level security. China always grasps the historical mission of national security from the overall pattern of national development, creates a good environment conducive to economic and social development by clarifying the bottom line and preventing risks, and guarantees the achievements of economic and social development.
Create a good external security environment. The current world situation is turbulent and unstable, geopolitical challenges are high and turbulent, and there are more hidden reefs and undercurrents, which put forward higher requirements for maintaining national security. China adheres to the path of peaceful development, seeks its own development while firmly safeguarding world peace and development, and better safeguards world peace and development with its own development. Since the founding of New China, it has never taken the initiative to provoke any war or conflict. China solemnly promises to the whole world that it will never seek hegemony, never expand, and never seek spheres of influence. It is the only major country that has written peaceful development into the Constitution and the Party Constitution of the ruling party and elevated it to the national will. In the face of unreasonable suppression by individual countries, China will never give in on matters of principle, maintain dialogue on disputed issues, and expand cooperation in areas of mutual benefit and win-win results, and strive to maintain the overall stability of bilateral relations. China is committed to building the "Belt and Road (一带一路)" into a road of peace and will not repeat the old tricks of geopolitical games. On the issue of peace and security, China is the major country with the best record in the world. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization that takes the path of peaceful development. Speculating that China will "seek hegemony when it becomes strong" and rendering the "China threat theory" is purely unfounded.
Resolutely maintain overall social stability. China's social structure is undergoing profound changes, the Internet has profoundly changed the way of social interaction, and social concepts, social psychology, and social behavior have undergone profound changes, which bring great challenges to social stability. China is committed to building a modern society that is both full of vitality and has good order. Pay more attention to deepening the reform of the system and mechanism, improving the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, and realizing the benign interaction between government governance and social adjustment and resident autonomy. Pay more attention to strengthening grassroots social governance, resolving contradictions and disputes at the grassroots level, and creating harmony and stability at the grassroots level. Pay more attention to maintaining social fairness and justice and ensuring that citizens' personal rights, property rights, personality rights, and basic political rights are not violated. Pay more attention to maintaining social stability in accordance with the law, adhere to the integrated construction of a country ruled by law, a government ruled by law, and a society ruled by law, implement the responsibility system for maintaining social stability, and actively prevent and resolve social contradictions from the perspective of systems and mechanisms; protect the safety and legitimate rights and interests of foreigners in China in accordance with the law. China's efforts to carry out anti-terrorism struggles and crack down on vicious crimes in accordance with the law meet the people's ardent expectations for social safety and stability and are a true sense of respect and protection of human rights.
Defuse various risks and challenges in high-quality development. At present, China is in a critical period of transforming its development mode, optimizing its economic structure, and transforming its growth drivers. Structural, institutional, and cyclical problems are intertwined, and high-quality development faces many uncertainties and risks and challenges. China adheres to steadily resolving risks in development and accelerating high-quality development in resolving risks. Grasp the initiative in food security, ensure the security of energy and important resources, ensure the security of the industrial chain and supply chain, and effectively resolve risks in key areas. Accelerate the construction of a new model for real estate development and actively and steadily resolve risks in the real estate sector. Deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system, improve the government debt management system, implement the largest debt support policy in recent years, and promote the restructuring, extension, and replacement of local government debt and the reform and transformation of local financing platforms. Issue special treasury bonds to support state-owned large commercial banks to replenish core tier-one capital. Coordinate the promotion of risk prevention, strengthening supervision, and promoting high-quality development of local small and medium-sized financial institutions, strictly implement access standards and supervision, promote mergers and acquisitions, and achieve reduction in quantity and improvement in quality.
Promote the safe development of new technologies, new business forms, and new models. Scientific and technological innovation can spawn new industries, new models, and new momentum, and is the core element of developing new quality productive forces and a strong driving force and support for high-quality development, but many technologies are "double-edged swords." New technologies, new business forms, and new models have become the frontier and key areas for coordinating development and security. China adheres to the unification of promoting innovation and preventing risks, the combination of institutional norms and self-discipline, and actively and prudently promotes the development, application, and governance of new technologies. China focuses on improving the legal system for science and technology security and is accelerating the promotion of relevant legislation in the fields of artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and autonomous driving. Focus on optimizing the supervision and service of emerging technologies, promote the establishment of a safety supervision system for new technologies and new business forms, and maintain a balance between industrial development and social stability. Focus on improving the inclusiveness of emerging technologies, handling the relationship between fairness and efficiency, capital and labor, technology and employment, improving the interest coordination mechanism, safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of all parties, and allowing more people to share the fruits of scientific and technological innovation.
China has grown up in the face of hardships and has grown stronger in overcoming difficulties. China's economic foundation is stable, its advantages are many, its resilience is strong, and its potential is great. The supporting conditions and basic trends for long-term improvement have not changed, and the development prospects are bright. It has the ability to better coordinate development and security, resolutely prevent and resolve risks in key areas, effectively respond to external shocks, stabilize expectations, stimulate vitality, promote sustained economic recovery, and maintain social harmony and stability. (See Figure 3)
(II) Promote the Mutual Promotion and Coordinated Improvement of Opening Up and Security
——Continuously develop and grow stronger in coordinating opening up and security. Handle the relationship between self-reliance and independent innovation and opening up and cooperation, handle the relationship between actively participating in the international division of labor and ensuring national security, and continuously enhance the ability to dynamically maintain national security in the environment of opening up to the outside world. Since the reform and opening up, China has continuously woven a tight safety net for opening up and has successfully coped with major risks such as the Asian financial crisis and the international financial crisis. It has achieved rapid development in opening up and has gradually become the world's second-largest economy, the world's largest trading country in goods, and a major trading partner of more than 150 countries and regions. Its contribution to global economic growth has remained at around 30% for many years.
——China's door to opening up will only open wider and wider. Economic globalization is the objective requirement of the development of social productive forces and the inevitable result of scientific and technological progress. It has provided a strong impetus for world economic growth and is an irreversible historical trend. In recent years, trade protectionism has risen, and individual countries have attempted to promote the return of manufacturing, which runs counter to the laws of economic development and the general trend of economic globalization. China always stands on the right side of history, opposes anti-globalization and pan-security, opposes unilateralism and protectionism, builds an open world economy, and promotes inclusive and inclusive economic globalization.
Unswervingly promote high-level opening up to the outside world. China implements a more proactive independent opening up and unilateral opening up and steadily expands institutional opening up. Since December 1, 2024, a special preferential tax rate of zero has been applied to 100% of tariff items originating in the least developed countries that have diplomatic relations with China. Unilateral visa-free policies are implemented for personnel from 38 countries, and 240-hour transit visa-free policies are implemented for personnel from 54 countries. China will proactively connect with and actively absorb high-standard international economic and trade rules, orderly expand the opening up of markets to the outside world for goods, services, capital, and labor, and expand a high-standard free trade zone network facing the world. China is building free trade pilot zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港) and is orderly carrying out stress tests for opening up to the outside world to explore effective paths for institutional opening up. China has proposed building a new development pattern with the domestic cycle as the mainstay and the domestic and international dual cycles promoting each other, which is by no means a closed domestic single cycle, but an open and mutually promoting domestic and international dual cycle.
——Improve the level of security in expanding opening up to the outside world. China attaches importance to using international common rules to maintain the safety of opening up, draws on international experience and practices, accelerates the construction of a modern risk prevention and control system and mechanism, improves the institutional system for defending against external risks under the conditions of opening up, and promotes the coordinated progress of opening up and security.
Resolutely safeguard the right to open development. Safeguarding the right to development is one of China's red lines for national security. China will resolutely and forcefully counter any attempt to undermine China's right to development. China firmly opposes the abuse of export controls and resolutely opposes unilateral sanctions and "long-arm jurisdiction." Individual countries, under the guise of security, are waging tariff wars, trade wars, technology wars, and public opinion wars against China, which seriously threaten China's security and development. Recently, the United States has announced the imposition of tariffs on all trading partners, including China, under various pretexts, which seriously infringes upon the legitimate rights and interests of all countries, seriously violates the rules of the World Trade Organization, seriously undermines the rule-based multilateral trading system, and seriously impacts the stability of the global economic order. The Chinese government strongly condemns this and firmly opposes it. China's adoption of necessary and reasonable countermeasures is entirely legitimate self-defense in accordance with international law and common international practices. China's determination to safeguard the right to open development is unwavering, and it will continue to improve its mechanisms for countering sanctions, countering interference, and countering "long-arm jurisdiction," enrich its toolbox of countermeasure policies, and firmly defend its national right to development.
Efforts should be made to promote the orderly flow of factors of production. Economic globalization relies on the safe and orderly flow of factors of production around the world. Following international practices, China is improving its export control system, comprehensively strengthening intellectual property protection, building a legitimate, safe, and orderly entry-exit management order, optimizing policies and measures to facilitate foreigners coming to China, promoting the legal and orderly cross-border flow of capital, talent, and technology, and promoting the efficient allocation of global factors of production. Data has become a new and important factor of production globally. Drawing on existing international practices and focusing on promoting the coordination and consistency of global data security protection standards, China has formulated and implemented laws and regulations such as the Cybersecurity Law, the Data Security Law, and the Personal Information Protection Law to enhance its cybersecurity protection capabilities and data security supervision capabilities. China itself is a victim of international cyberattacks and has consistently opposed and combated cyberattacks in any form. The claim that China is carrying out cyberattacks has no evidence or reason. China insists on unifying development and management in accordance with the law, encouraging the legal, rational, and effective use of data on the premise of ensuring national data security, and ensuring the legal, orderly, and free flow of data. China's data security review is aimed at activities that affect or may affect national security and does not affect the normal cross-border flow of corporate and personal data.
Resolutely defend its legitimate security interests in accordance with the law. China pays attention to using the thinking and methods of the rule of law to safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests in an open environment. It strengthens the construction of the rule of law in foreign-related matters, and promptly promulgates laws and regulations such as the Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law, the Foreign Relations Law, and the Export Control Law. It continues to strengthen international cooperation in law enforcement and justice, steadily improves the level of foreign-related legal services, and legally protects the safety of overseas personnel, institutions, and assets. The Foreign Investment Law was promulgated, and a foreign investment security review system was established to conduct security reviews of foreign investments that affect or may affect national security. The Anti-Espionage Law was revised and improved to prevent espionage activities by legal means and to clarify the boundaries between illegal and legal activities. These measures are only aimed at behaviors that endanger China's legitimate national interests and are intended to provide security guarantees for a higher level of opening up to the outside world, and do not affect normal commercial exchanges, scientific research cooperation, academic exchanges, and non-governmental exchanges.
Openness is a distinctive symbol of Chinese-style modernization. Over the past 40 years, China's economic development and social stability have been achieved under conditions of openness, and China's future realization of high-quality development and high-level security must also be carried out under conditions of openness. No matter how the international situation changes, China will expand its independent opening up and proactive opening up on the basis of ensuring security, so that the door to the outside world will open wider and wider.
V. Practicing the Global Security Initiative and Promoting International Common Security
Humanity is a whole, the Earth is a homeland, and global challenges require global responses. Old thinking such as spheres of influence, hegemonic stability, and alliance systems cannot cope with new security challenges, and achieving international common security requires new concepts and new methods.
(I) The Global Security Initiative Contributes Chinese Wisdom
China's proposal of the Global Security Initiative responds to the urgent need of the international community to maintain world peace and prevent conflicts and wars, echoes the universal desire of the vast majority of countries to seek win-win cooperation and oppose hegemony, domineering, and bullying, and conforms to the common pursuit of people of all countries to build a world of lasting peace and universal security. It provides a new solution for eliminating the root causes of international conflicts, addressing global security challenges, and improving global security governance. As of the end of 2024, it has received support and appreciation from 119 countries and international organizations and has been written into 123 bilateral and multilateral political documents.
The Global Security Initiative is not only the "security chapter" of the community with a shared future for mankind, but also the "world chapter" of the overall national security concept; it is not only China's answer to global security governance, but also a dialectical understanding of its own security and international common security. It is rooted in China's independent and peaceful foreign policy and practice, and originates from the Chinese culture and wisdom of good faith, harmony, and co-existence.
The core concepts and principles of the Global Security Initiative are to adhere to a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept; to adhere to respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries; to adhere to the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter; to adhere to attaching importance to the reasonable security concerns of all countries; to adhere to resolving differences and disputes between countries peacefully through dialogue and consultation; and to adhere to maintaining security in both traditional and non-traditional areas in a coordinated manner. Common means respecting and guaranteeing the security of every country; comprehensive means coordinating the maintenance of security in traditional and non-traditional areas and promoting security governance in a coordinated manner; cooperation means promoting the security of all countries and regions through dialogue and cooperation; and sustainable means giving equal importance to development and security to achieve lasting security.
Faced with global challenges such as climate change and cybersecurity, no country can be immune, and no country should be allowed to become an island. China advocates common security, equal security interests for all countries, and the legitimate and reasonable security concerns of any country should be valued and properly resolved. No country can place its own security above the security of other countries, let alone at the expense of the security of other countries. Building a balanced, effective, and sustainable security architecture is an effective way to achieve common security.
Pursuing the supremacy of strength and absolute security will only lead to a security dilemma. Drawing ideological lines and engaging in camp-based and exclusive "small circles" aimed at specific countries will only create division and confrontation. Sanctions and interference will only make things more chaotic, conflicts and wars have no winners, and prioritizing one's own country and the winner-take-all approach will only lead to total loss. China advocates cooperative security and adheres to dialogue, cooperation, and win-win results to resolve differences and disputes peacefully.
China advocates strengthening global security governance, practicing the global governance concept of consultation, joint construction, and sharing, adhering to true multilateralism, advocating strict adherence to international rule of law, and promoting the transformation of the global security governance system in a more just and reasonable direction, reflecting the will and interests of the majority of countries more balancedly, and better meeting the practical needs of addressing global challenges.
(II) Promoting the Implementation of the Initiative to Enhance Common Security
--Supporting the United Nations as the Core Platform for All Countries to Jointly Maintain Universal Security
All countries in the world should maintain the international system with the United Nations as the core, the international order based on international law, and the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter. China has always regarded safeguarding the authority of the United Nations and maintaining the post-World War II international order as its responsibility. China actively supports the United Nations in carrying out mediation in accordance with its authorization, supports the Security Council in playing a primary role in peace and security issues, strives to maintain the authority and unity of the Security Council, and constructively participates in discussions on international security affairs. The reform of the Security Council should adhere to democratic consultation, increase the representation and voice of developing countries, especially African countries, and effectively correct historical injustices.
Firmly support the United Nations in improving its ability to carry out its mandate in peacekeeping operations. China is the second largest contributor to the United Nations regular budget and the second largest contributor to peacekeeping assessments, and is also the largest troop- and police-contributing country among the permanent members of the Security Council. Support the United Nations in playing a central coordinating role in the international fight against terrorism, playing a leading role in global digital governance and rule-making, supporting the World Health Organization in playing a leading and coordinating role in global health affairs, and supporting UNESCO in promoting global education, science and technology, and cultural development, and promoting exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations and inclusive cooperation. (See Special Column II)
--Promoting the Building of a World of Universal Security
The China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era continues to deepen, setting a model for friendly exchanges between major neighboring countries. The China-Russia relationship has strong internal driving force and unique strategic value, and is based on non-alignment, non-confrontation, and non-targeting of third parties. It is not affected by any third party and is not subject to external factors of interference and coercion.
China always handles China-U.S. relations in accordance with the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation, and is committed to the stable, healthy, and sustainable development of China-U.S. relations, and continuing the traditional friendship between the Chinese and American people. In the exchanges between the two major countries of China and the United States, neither side can suppress the other from the so-called "position of strength," nor can it deprive the other of its legitimate right to development in order to maintain its own leading position. The four red lines of the Taiwan issue, democracy and human rights, the road and system, and the right to development cannot be challenged. The one-China principle and the three joint communiqués between China and the United States are the political foundation of bilateral relations and must be strictly observed. The "Thucydides Trap" is not the destiny of history, and a "new Cold War" cannot be fought or won. Containing China is unwise, undesirable, and will not succeed. China is willing to work with the United States to explore the correct way for the two major countries to get along on this planet, benefiting both countries and the world.
China always regards Europe as a partner, believes that Europe is an important pole in a multipolar world, and supports Europe in strengthening its strategic autonomy. China is committed to developing a comprehensive strategic partnership with Europe and is willing to work with Europe to jointly maintain free trade, jointly defend multilateralism, and jointly actively respond to global challenges such as climate change.
Adhere to developing good-neighborly and friendly relations with neighboring countries. As of March 2025, China has reached a consensus with 17 neighboring countries, including Pakistan and Indonesia, on building a community with a shared future, supports and improves regional security cooperation centered on ASEAN, opposes using the "Indo-Pacific Strategy" to divide the region, opposes piecing together an "Asian version of NATO," opposes NATO's overstepping its authority, and opposes some countries engaging in nuclear sharing, extended deterrence, and the deployment of land-based intermediate-range missiles in the Asia-Pacific region. Committed to working with ASEAN countries to jointly maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea, actively promoting the consultation process of the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea," adhering to resolving disputes through dialogue and consultation, and adhering to achieving win-win results through mutually beneficial cooperation, and building the South China Sea into a sea of peace, friendship, and cooperation. China advocates that countries outside the region respect the efforts of regional countries and opposes individual countries provoking trouble for their own selfish interests.
As a developing country and a member of the "Global South," China is committed to jointly promoting the cause of the "Global South," supporting "Global South" countries in strengthening global security governance, exploring ways to address both the symptoms and root causes of hotspot issues, and jointly acting as a stabilizing force for maintaining peace, a backbone force for open development, a constructive force for global governance, and a promoting force for mutual learning among civilizations.
Always be a builder of peace in the Middle East. Support Middle Eastern countries in uniting and cooperating to solve regional security issues, put forward a five-point initiative to achieve security and stability in the Middle East, put forward four suggestions for building a new Middle East security architecture, facilitated the reconciliation between Saudi Arabia and Iran, and is committed to promoting a comprehensive, just, and lasting solution to the Palestinian issue at an early date.
Support African countries in enhancing their ability to independently maintain peace, support Latin American and Caribbean countries in opposing external interference and maintaining their own peace and stability, and assist Pacific island countries in应对海洋灾害、海平面上升等全球性挑战 (yìng duì hǎi yáng zāi hài, hǎi píng miàn shàng shēng děng quán qiú xìng tiǎo zhàn - "cope with marine disasters, sea level rise and other global challenges," assisting Pacific island countries in addressing global challenges such as marine disasters and sea level rise).
--Constructively Participating in the Political Settlement of International and Regional Hotspot Issues
On the Ukraine issue, adhering to objectivity and fairness, actively promoting peace and talks, putting forward "four shoulds," "four commons," and "three points of consideration," issuing "China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukraine Crisis," jointly issuing "Six-Point Consensus" with Brazil, initiating the "Friends of Peace" group with "Global South" countries, resolutely safeguarding the consensus that "nuclear war cannot be won and must never be fought," and actively promoting the implementation of the "Joint Statement of the Leaders of the Five Nuclear-Weapon States on Preventing Nuclear War and Avoiding Arms Race," playing an important role in preventing the escalation of the Ukraine crisis into a nuclear conflict. China supports all efforts conducive to peace, and at the same time believes that all parties and stakeholders should participate in the peace negotiation process in due course. (See Special Column III)
Calling for a ceasefire and an end to the war in the new round of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, working to protect civilians, contributing to humanitarian assistance, promoting the Security Council to adopt the first resolution on a ceasefire in Gaza, facilitating reconciliation talks between various Palestinian factions and signing the "Beijing Declaration on Ending Division and Strengthening Palestinian National Unity," providing multiple batches of humanitarian assistance to Gaza, and is committed to promoting the Palestinian issue back to the correct track of the "two-state solution."
Persistently committed to the political settlement of the Korean Peninsula issue, and advancing the construction of a peninsula peace mechanism and the denuclearization process of the peninsula in parallel, and resolving the reasonable concerns of all parties in a balanced manner. Actively mediating peace in northern Myanmar and supporting Myanmar's political reconciliation and transition process. Supporting Afghanistan's peaceful reconstruction, actively carrying out international coordination, and providing humanitarian assistance.
--Actively Participating in Global Security Governance
China is the only one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council that has pledged not to be the first to use nuclear weapons, and has pledged unconditionally not to use or threaten to use nuclear weapons against non-nuclear-weapon states and nuclear-weapon-free zones, and has always maintained its nuclear forces at the minimum level required for national security. China actively participates in international arms control, disarmament, and non-proliferation processes, and promotes the resumption of negotiations on the implementation of the Iranian nuclear agreement.
Always participate in the global climate negotiation agenda and international rule-making with a positive attitude, and unremittingly provide financial and technical support within its capacity to developing countries to improve environmental governance.
Support the resolute fight against terrorism in all its forms, and actively advocate regional counter-terrorism cooperation. Firmly support the fight against transnational crime, initiate the Greater Mekong Subregion Drug Control Cooperation Mechanism, carry out drug enforcement cooperation with Australia, Cambodia, Vietnam and other countries, and carry out a special joint operation by the police of China, Thailand, Myanmar and Laos to combat gambling and fraud groups. China is the first country in the world to officially classify fentanyl-like substances as a whole.
Fulfilling its responsibilities for global public health security. As of the end of 2024, China has sent more than 30,000 medical team members to 77 countries and regions, benefiting 300 million patients. In the face of the COVID-19 epidemic, China shared its anti-epidemic experience without reservation and fully helped the international community fight the epidemic.
Actively promote the improvement of the global food and energy security governance system, put forward the International Food Security Cooperation Initiative under the G20 framework, and promote the adoption of the "BRICS Food Security Cooperation Strategy" and the "Declaration of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on Maintaining International Energy Security."
--Promoting Security Cooperation in Emerging Fields
Advocate building a peaceful, secure, open, cooperative, and orderly cyberspace, and actively expand cybersecurity cooperation with BRICS countries, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the five Central Asian countries, and African countries.
Advocate reaching global digital governance rules that reflect the wishes of all parties and respect the interests of all parties, actively participate in the UN Global Digital Compact, and propose the Global Data Security Initiative and the Global Initiative on Cooperation on Cross-border Data Flows.
Adhere to openness without building walls, interconnection without decoupling, equality without discrimination, create an open, inclusive, and universally beneficial artificial intelligence development environment, and issue the Global Artificial Intelligence Governance Initiative. Put forward governance concepts such as people-oriented, intelligent for good, universal benefit and inclusiveness, promote the UN General Assembly to unanimously adopt a resolution on strengthening international cooperation in artificial intelligence capacity building, and establish a Friends Group for International Cooperation on Artificial Intelligence Capacity Building. As a responsible major country, China has taken the initiative to optimize and adjust its export control policies for drones and prohibits the export of all civilian drones for military purposes.
Committed to the peaceful use of outer space, resolutely opposing the weaponization of outer space and the arms race in outer space, and actively participating in the United Nations outer space security governance. The 77th and 78th United Nations General Assembly's Disarmament and International Security Committee passed by a high vote the resolutions jointly proposed by China (中国), Russia (俄罗斯) and other countries on "No First Placement of Weapons in Outer Space" and "Further Practical Measures for the Prevention of an Arms Race in Outer Space."
On the basis of safeguarding its own legitimate rights and interests, constructively participating in the formulation of the "Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction" and the "Regulations on the Exploitation of Mineral Resources in the International Seabed Area"; carrying out international cooperation such as scientific expeditions and environmental protection in the South and North Poles.
VI. Promoting the Modernization of the National Security System and Capacity in Deepening Reform
Promoting the modernization of the national security system and capacity is an important part of promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. It is an inherent requirement for actively responding to risks and challenges and serving the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. It is also an objective need to actively adapt to the changes in the world and improve global security governance.
Entering the new era, China (中国) has comprehensively deepened reforms and, with great political courage, has begun the process of modernizing the national security system and capacity. By establishing the Central National Security Commission (中央国家安全委员会), it has established a centralized, unified, efficient and authoritative national security leadership system and working mechanism. It has promulgated a series of national security laws and regulations led by the National Security Law (国家安全法), initially forming a national security legal system. It has formulated the "National Security Strategy Outline" (国家安全战略纲要) and the "National Security Strategy (2021-2025)" (国家安全战略（2021—2025年）), and issued a series of national security strategies and policies in key areas, initially forming a national security strategy system and policy system. It has strengthened risk prevention and emergency response, and the risk monitoring and early warning system and the comprehensive security and emergency framework covering all fields and operating at multiple levels have taken initial shape. It has adjusted the layout of national security forces, strengthened security capacity building in key areas, strengthened national security education, and established the basic framework for the modernization of the national security system and capacity, laying a good foundation for future breakthroughs and continuous improvement.
In the new era and new journey, China (中国) will further comprehensively deepen reforms, pay more attention to coordinating development and security, place the safeguarding of national security in a more prominent position, and accelerate the modernization of the national security system and capacity.
--Clarify goals. Focus on building a higher level of safe China (中国), improve the national security system, strengthen the integrated national strategic system, enhance the ability to safeguard national security, innovate social governance systems and mechanisms and means, and effectively build a new security pattern. By 2035, comprehensively strengthen the national security system and capacity to build a solid security barrier for the basic realization of socialist modernization.
--Improve the layout. A unified layout is carried out from four aspects: the national security system, the public security governance mechanism, the social governance system, and the foreign-related national security mechanism, connecting national security and social stability, domestic and international, top-level and grassroots, traditional security and non-traditional security, to achieve full coverage of national security.
--Highlight the main line. Taking reform and innovation as the driving force, and systematization and mechanization as the main line, improve the system and mechanism for safeguarding national security, pay more attention to synergy and efficiency, the rule of law thinking, technological empowerment, and the grassroots foundation, and achieve a virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security.
(1) Improve the Linked and Efficient National Security System
The national security system is a concentrated reflection of the national security system and its enforcement capabilities. Focus on promoting the organic connection, systematic integration, linkage and efficiency of all aspects of the national security system construction, and form a systematic synergy and combat effectiveness. (See Figure 4)
Improve the national security work system and mechanism. Adhere to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee (党中央) over national security work, improve the efficient and authoritative national security leadership system, improve the security support system in key areas and the coordination and command system for important special projects, and improve the national security crisis management mechanism, supervision and inspection, and accountability mechanism.
Improve the national security legal system. Actively promote national security legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas, improve the system of foreign-related laws and regulations and the system for implementing the rule of law, improve the national security system of Party regulations, and remove the pain points and blockages in legislation, law enforcement, justice, and popularization of law.
Improve the national security strategy system and policy system. Dynamically improve and adjust the national security strategy to better play the role of strategic macro guidance and overall coordination. Continuously improve national security policies in key areas, strengthen the consistency assessment with macro policy orientation, and increase the implementation of policies.
Improve the national security risk monitoring and early warning system. Increase basic investment in the construction, operation and maintenance of monitoring and early warning infrastructure, the construction of indicator and standard systems, and risk investigation and statistical surveys, strengthen the construction of talent teams and policy support guarantees, promote the effective connection of risk monitoring, research and judgment, early warning, and disposal, and improve the scientific, standardized, and refined level of monitoring and early warning.
Improve the national emergency management system. Improve the disposal and support system for major public emergencies, improve the emergency command mechanism under the comprehensive security and emergency framework, strengthen the construction of national regional emergency forces, and improve the comprehensive disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief system.
(2) Forge Practical and Useful National Security Capabilities
National security capability is the ability of a country to rationally allocate strategic resources to ensure a relatively continuous state of security. Focusing on achieving national security strategic goals, based on the implementation of major national strategies and the construction of security capabilities in key areas, steadily promote the modernization of national security capabilities.
Strengthen social governance. Adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era, and enhance the ability to prevent and resolve social conflicts and disputes. Strengthen the overall prevention and control of social security. Improve the social work system and mechanism, improve the social psychological service system and crisis intervention mechanism, and promote the downward shift of the focus of social governance and services to the grassroots level.
Consolidate basic guarantees. Implement the diversification strategy of energy supply, and improve the overall planning and connection system for the exploration, production, supply, storage and sale of strategic mineral resources. Continuously improve the comprehensive production and supply guarantee capacity of grain. Deepen the reform of the talent development system and mechanism, and strengthen the cultivation and selection of national security professional and compound talents.
Build a solid military and national defense barrier. Thoroughly implement the system of responsibility of the Chairman of the Central Military Commission (军委主席负责制), and improve the leadership and management system and mechanism of the People's Army. Continuously deepen the reform of the joint operations system, and coordinate the construction of military forces and military struggle preparations in the traditional security field and the new security field. Deepen cross-military and local reforms, optimize the layout of the national defense science and technology industry, build an advanced national defense science and technology industry system, and consolidate and improve the integrated national strategic system and capabilities.
Promote technological empowerment. In response to the major needs in the field of national security, carry out key core technology research with a new type of national system. Increase the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces, strengthen the transformation and application of new technologies in the field of national security, and promote the construction of new domain and new quality capabilities in national security.
Strengthen international coordination. Improve the foreign-related national security mechanism, promote the overall stability and balanced development of major-country relations, deepen friendly mutual trust and integration of interests with neighboring countries, strengthen unity and cooperation among "Global South" countries, and guide the international community to jointly maintain international security.
Improve the quality and effectiveness of publicity and education. Strengthen national security publicity and education, and enhance the national security awareness of all people. Strengthen the construction of national security disciplines, improve the level of national security research, and strengthen the training of national security talents. Build a new era of national security discourse system and narrative system, and refine and deepen the external promotion of the overall national security concept.
Concluding remarks
In the new era, China's (中国) national security has developed in the comprehensive deepening of reforms, grown in the great struggle, and grown stronger in the construction of Chinese-style modernization, and will practice its mission in the process of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
Along the way, China's (中国) national security has relied on the people to overcome difficulties and obstacles; on the new journey, it is still necessary to rely on the people to create history. If everyone is of one mind, we can build a new Great Wall of national security that is indestructible, overcome all risks and challenges on the road ahead, and win opportunities for peaceful development.
China (中国) cherishes its hard-won security and always takes safeguarding the safety of the people and maintaining world peace as its own responsibility. China (中国) adheres to leading peaceful development, adheres to promoting world stability and prosperity, and while pursuing its own security, will work with all countries to jointly discuss, build and share international common security, and strive for lasting peace and universal security in the world. (See Annex)
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), May 12)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 刘温馨
Earthquakes are one of the most serious natural disasters threatening human life and property safety. On the 12th, the Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部) and the China Earthquake Administration (中国地震局) held a press conference to introduce earthquake safety knowledge and earthquake prevention and disaster reduction work.
What is an earthquake?
An earthquake is a natural phenomenon, with millions of earthquakes occurring worldwide every year. Currently, humans have not fully mastered the mechanism of earthquake formation, and earthquake prediction is only in the exploratory stage. China is one of the countries with the most intense earthquake activity and the most serious earthquake disasters in the world. 7% of the global land area experiences 33% of the global continental earthquakes, and approximately 57% of the population, 51% of the cities, and 58% of the land area are located in high-risk earthquake zones.
Zou Wenwei (邹文卫), a director of the China Disaster Prevention Association (中国灾害防御协会), introduced that magnitude represents the amount of energy released by an earthquake, and intensity represents the impact and degree of damage of an earthquake on the earth's surface. After a major earthquake, relevant departments will organize staff to delineate the intensity area of the earthquake through instrument measurement, on-site investigation and other methods, and form an earthquake intensity map to be released to the public to guide local earthquake relief and recovery and reconstruction work.
After an earthquake occurs, the focal depth is often reported. For the same magnitude, the shallower the focal depth, the greater the destructive power; the deeper the focal depth, the smaller the destructive power. Generally speaking, earthquakes with a focal depth of less than 60 kilometers are called "shallow-source earthquakes." Most earthquakes in China are shallow-source earthquakes. Earthquakes with a focal depth of 60 to 300 kilometers are called "intermediate-source earthquakes" and are mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). Earthquakes with a focal depth of more than 300 kilometers are called "deep-source earthquakes" and are mainly distributed in the northeastern region.
In addition, Zou Wenwei (邹文卫) introduced that abnormal animal behavior does not represent a pattern of earthquake precursors, and so-called "earthquake clouds" such as "radiation clouds," "rib clouds," and "fish scale clouds" cannot actually predict earthquakes.
What to do when encountering one?
"When the estimated magnitude is greater than 4 or the epicenter intensity is greater than 5 degrees, we will issue targeted and precise warnings through mobile phones, televisions, radios, special earthquake early warning terminals, and community loudspeakers to remind the public to evacuate as soon as possible," said Wang Xingzhou (王行舟), Director of the Monitoring and Forecasting Department of the China Earthquake Administration (中国地震局监测预报司) and Director of the China Earthquake Networks Center (中国地震台网中心).
Wang Xingzhou (王行舟) introduced that if you are indoors, you should take shelter nearby according to the principle of "drop, cover, and hold on," adopting a squatting or kneeling position, seeking a solid object to cover or protect your head, such as hiding under a table or next to a sofa, while holding onto nearby fixed objects to prevent your body from sliding or being thrown out, and also avoiding glass and hanging objects such as chandeliers. If you are outdoors, you should find an open space and squat down on the spot, away from high-rise buildings, utility poles, billboards and other dangerous objects.
Pan Zhaohu (潘照虎), station chief of the Gaomidian Station (高米店站) of the Special Service Detachment of the Beijing Fire and Rescue Corps (北京市消防救援总队特勤支队), who has participated in earthquake rescue work many times, reminded that if you are unfortunately trapped in the ruins, you should first try to build a safe space using discarded building components, sturdy furniture, etc., urgently treat your injuries, collect food and water, including high-humidity air and condensate from metal pipes, to extend your survival time. Secondly, you must maintain a positive survival mentality. Although facing enormous fear and psychological pressure, you must remain calm and give yourself positive psychological cues. The most important thing is to effectively send out a distress signal. When waiting for rescue, do not blindly shout for help, but rationally allocate your physical strength and use available objects such as bricks and steel bars to rhythmically knock on walls and metal pipes so that rescuers can identify and discover you.
How to prevent it usually?
"Developing good disaster preparedness habits and doing a good job in family emergency preparedness is the first line of defense in protecting life safety," said Shen Zhanli (申展利), spokesperson for the Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部) and Director-General of the Department of Press and Publicity.
First, check for safety hazards, such as whether household circuits and gas pipelines are aging, whether cabinets, air conditioners, and other furniture and appliances that are prone to falling are stable, and eliminate any safety hazards found in a timely manner; second, prepare a family emergency kit, storing necessary food, drinking water, first aid medicines, life-saving whistles, thermal blankets, and other items; third, learn first aid knowledge and master emergency skills such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, hemostasis and bandaging, and the use of fire extinguishers; fourth, familiarize yourself with escape routes and let family members know the distribution of nearby earthquake shelters and evacuation routes.
"Currently, all parts of the country are gradually transforming, improving, and rationally laying out the construction of shelters. On weekdays, you can pay attention to the emergency shelters in your work and living areas, have a good understanding of the distribution of shelters and evacuation routes, and actively participate in emergency shelter drills organized by communities and units to master relevant skills," said Gao Yufeng (高玉峰), a second-level inspector of the Department of Earthquake and Geology of the Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部地震地质司).
Shen Zhanli (申展利) said that the Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部) will next work with relevant departments to carry out investigations and rectification of earthquake disaster risk hazards, promote the improvement of the seismic capacity of houses and infrastructure in key areas, promote the seismic reinforcement of old houses, public places such as schools and hospitals, and important engineering facilities, and continue to eliminate the risk hazards that may cause secondary disasters in hazardous chemical plants, oil and gas pipelines, and reservoirs; further prepare for earthquake disaster prevention and response, and prepare for coping with network outages, road outages, and power outages in extreme situations such as high-altitude and cold regions and high-temperature rainy seasons, and prepare for rescue forces, disaster relief materials, and the resettlement of the masses.
(Zhang Ling (张玲) participated in the writing)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王云杉
Brand is an important symbol of high-quality development, and strengthening brand building is an important way to meet the people's needs for a better life. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out, "Promote the transformation of 'Made in China' to 'Created in China,' the transformation of 'China Speed' to 'China Quality,' and the transformation of 'Chinese Products' to 'Chinese Brands.'"
Currently, the huge potential of the domestic market and the continuous upgrading of consumer demand provide broad space for the growth of Chinese brands. The companies on the 2024 China Top 500 Enterprises list achieved a new milestone of 110 trillion yuan in total revenue in 2023. Chinese brands are steadily moving towards stronger strength, better structure, and greater vitality. It is believed that more well-known Chinese brands will continue to emerge in the future, helping to accelerate the construction of a strong brand nation.
Innovation and striving for the lead allow brand vitality to flow fully.
Innovation is the primary driving force for development. Only through continuous innovation can brands create differentiation and enhance their value. In recent years, Chinese brands have focused on high-quality development, constantly innovating, and allowing innovation vitality to flow fully.
Product innovation opens up new space for Chinese brands.
Running shoes with sales exceeding 1 million pairs in the first 3 months after launch, basketball shoes favored by consumers, and storm jackets made with domestically developed high-performance waterproof and breathable materials... As a well-known brand in China's sporting goods industry, Anta (安踏) continues to focus on developing new products, launching multiple best-selling items and independent brands in different sports categories.
Relevant负责人 (fù zé rén - "person in charge") of Anta Group (安踏集团) stated that they will continue to explore the innovative transformation of cutting-edge technology into mass products, accelerate the commercial transformation of technological achievements from "professional" to "mass," from "competitive" to "consumer," from "scarce" to "popular," and from "having what others don't have" to "having what others have better."
Technological innovation brings new experiences to Chinese brands.
On April 29, Ant Group Digital Technologies (蚂蚁数科) officially released the intelligent body development platform Agentar, providing financial institutions with a one-stop intelligent body development tool. Wang Wei (王维), Chief Technology Officer of Ant Group Digital Technologies, said that Ant Group Digital Technologies combines a large-scale, high-quality financial industry knowledge base with low-code visual orchestration capabilities to accelerate the application of large models in the financial industry, bringing a new digital intelligence experience to financial institutions.
In Runze (Langfang) International Information Port (润泽（廊坊）国际信息港) A-7 Intelligent Computing Center, the computing power scheduling screen displays real-time monitoring data of computing power infrastructure built by Runze Technology (润泽科技) nationwide. Li Li (李笠), President of Runze Intelligent Computing Technology Group Co., Ltd. (润泽智算科技集团股份有限公司), said that from the new generation of cold plate liquid cooling technology to independently designed intelligent computing centers, Runze Technology insists on reshaping brand experience through technological innovation, providing strong support for the empowerment of new industrialization and industrial digitization of the artificial intelligence industry through deep cultivation of intelligent computing power infrastructure construction.
Production innovation rejuvenates Chinese brands.
In the pharmaceutical production park of Renhe Group (仁和集团), the fragrance of Chinese herbal medicines is in the air. In the constant temperature workshop for pill production, more than 10 sets of intelligent equipment such as medicine refining machines, pill making machines, and rounding machines are lined up. Ingredients for medicines such as Liuwei Dihuang Wan (六味地黄丸) and Da Huo Luo Wan (大活络丸) undergo multiple processes, and pills fall one by one onto the conveyor belt... One workshop vividly demonstrates the effectiveness of digital production.
In recent years, Renhe Group has comprehensively built a "smart factory," realizing the transformation and upgrading from traditional pharmaceutical technology to intelligent pharmaceutical technology. "In addition to some key processes that require manual operation, Chinese medicine production and manufacturing have achieved automation and digitization," said Kang Zhihua (康志华), a relevant负责人 (fù zé rén - "person in charge") of Renhe Group. "Digital transformation has deeply penetrated all aspects of enterprise production, and traditional brands have been rejuvenated."
Daring to take responsibility and demonstrating value in serving the overall national situation.
Well-known brands must not only seek technology and have quality, but also have a pattern and be able to take responsibility. Chinese brands actively fulfill their social responsibilities, demonstrate value in serving the overall national situation, and further enhance their brand reputation.
Conveying the charm of traditional culture. Wuliangye (五粮液) inherits ancient craftsmanship of over a thousand years, relying on the advantages of scientific proportioning of five grains and a living ancient cellar pool group to create a unique flavor; Guyu (谷雨) adopts a design with wooden bottle caps and a soft glaze bottle body, allowing the product to convey the meaning of traditional culture; Yunnan Baiyao (云南白药) integrates cultural symbols into its products, attracting more consumers to pay attention to outstanding Chinese traditional culture through younger and more lifestyle-oriented expressions... Building bridges and telling stories, Chinese brands innovatively combine outstanding Chinese traditional culture with modern aesthetic expressions, allowing "Chinese flavor" and "Chinese beauty" to enter the hearts of more consumers.
Providing precise services to small and micro enterprises. China Postal Savings Bank Tianjin Branch (中国邮储银行天津分行) launched the "Small and Micro Easy Loan" business, using big data technology and convenient approval processes to accurately connect with the financing needs of small and micro enterprises, serving nearly 10,000 customers; Agricultural Bank of China Guangdong Branch (中国农业银行广东分行) launched a dedicated credit service system for technology-based enterprises, providing differentiated credit support for start-up technology companies; the asset company under China Life Insurance Group (中国人寿集团) continues to invest in small and micro special bonds and securitization products of financial institutions, and develops inclusive financial theme insurance asset management products, helping many small and medium-sized private enterprises complete equipment upgrades and technological transformations.
Meeting the needs for a better life. China National Petroleum Corporation (中国石油) is building an "People, Car, and Life" ecosystem, continuously meeting the diverse consumption needs of consumers by broadening the consumption scenarios of traditional gas station stores; Poly Developments and Holdings (保利发展) starts from high-frequency problems and customer needs, creating a batch of high-quality human settlement benchmarks, concretizing "good houses" into "good products, good services, and good life"; Yili Group (伊利集团) builds a health product matrix covering the entire life cycle according to different groups and needs, winning consumer trust, and multiple brands have annual sales revenue exceeding 10 billion yuan.
Taking multiple measures to promote the construction of a strong brand nation.
It takes ten years to grow an enterprise, and a hundred years to build a brand. To inject brand power into Chinese-style modernization, Chinese brands need to take advantage of the momentum and strive for progress, continuously pushing the construction of a strong brand nation to new heights.
Promote cooperation and enhance the international influence of brands with a more open attitude.
Taking the "Hualong One" (华龙一号) and other independent nuclear power brands to drive the entire nuclear industry chain to accelerate its "going out" strategy, having established cooperative relationships with more than 60 countries and regions around the world; proactively opening up 12 large-scale nuclear research facilities, working with global partners to jointly promote the advancement of nuclear energy technology; actively participating in the International Atomic Energy Agency's "Nuclear Energy Development Coordination and Standardization Initiative," providing Chinese solutions to support the global application of small modular reactors... In recent years, China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) has continuously strengthened the top-level design of international cooperation, deepening cooperation with international organizations with a more open attitude, and continuously expanding international influence.
Kweichow Moutai (茅台) uses culture as a medium to strengthen communication and exchanges with international liquor companies, distributors, and consumers, and continues to exert efforts in the international market. In 2024, Kweichow Moutai's international market sales revenue exceeded the 5 billion yuan mark for the first time, achieving double-digit growth, continuously consolidating the foundation of the international market, and continuously enhancing the brand's cultural influence.
Optimize management and promote the deep integration of brand building and production and operation.
On January 9, the "Nengchu No. 1" (能储一号) global first 300-megawatt compressed air energy storage demonstration project invested and constructed by China Energy Engineering Group Co., Ltd. (中国能源建设集团有限公司) was fully connected to the grid for power generation. The project created three world records for single-unit power, energy storage scale, and conversion efficiency, filling multiple international gaps. On the same day, China Energy Engineering's compressed air energy storage system solution "Nengchu No. 1" product brand was officially released.
Song Hailiang (宋海良), Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of China Energy Engineering, said: "China Energy Engineering will comprehensively promote the construction of a strong brand enterprise, continuously deepen the brand-led action, upgrade the company's brand strategy, establish a 'big brand' work system, strengthen comprehensive brand management of all employees, all processes, and all elements, promote the deep integration and two-way empowerment of brand building and production and operation, and accelerate the creation of a world-class outstanding brand."
Strengthen quality and enhance brand reputation with higher quality.
Without excellent quality, there is no excellent brand. To ensure product quality, at the raw material end, Xifeng Group (西凤集团) has established a 500,000-mu high-quality raw grain base, jointly carrying out research on sorghum variety selection and cultivation technology with universities, and has also established a traceability management system from the field to the table to better control the quality of the wine; at the brewing end, Xifeng Group strictly follows its unique brewing process, with a production cycle of one year, going through 6 process stages of establishing the cellar, breaking the cellar, topping the cellar, rounding the cellar, inserting the cellar, and picking the cellar, establishing the cellar in September every year, adding grain 9 times, and taking wine 9 times...
"Quality first is Xifeng Liquor's consistent pursuit. Only by taking care of product quality with craftsmanship can we win the trust of consumers," said Zhang Zheng (张正), Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of Xifeng Group.
New journey, re-departure. Unswervingly enhancing innovation capabilities, breaking through the bottlenecks of high-quality development, and meeting the people's expectations for a better life, China will surely see more "century-old stores" emerge and establish more "gold-lettered brands"!
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 谷业凯
The nuclear industry is a high-tech strategic industry and an important cornerstone of national security. China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) takes "the leader of international nuclear technology development" as its vision, demonstrating the hard-core strength and contemporary responsibility of the Chinese brand in safeguarding energy security, helping green transformation, promoting nuclear energy cooperation, and enhancing people's well-being.
Driving development through scientific and technological progress. Seventy years ago, China's nuclear industry personnel relied on their own efforts and worked hard to create the outstanding achievements of "two bombs and one submarine." Entering the new era, China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) actively promotes China's "thermal reactor-fast reactor-fusion reactor" nuclear energy "three-step" strategy. The total number of "Hualong One" (华龙一号) units in operation, approved, and under construction at home and abroad has reached 41, making it the third-generation nuclear power technology with the largest number of units in operation, approved, and under construction in the world. The "Linglong One" (玲龙一号) modular multi-purpose small reactor has been successfully developed and construction has started. In March of this year, the new generation "artificial sun" China Huanliu No. 3 (中国环流三号) achieved a breakthrough of over 100 million degrees Celsius in both atomic nucleus and electron temperature for the first time, realizing another breakthrough in China's controlled nuclear fusion technology. In the practice of leading technological innovation and safeguarding energy security, the value creation role of the China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) brand is becoming increasingly prominent.
Protecting the green homeland with low-carbon practices. Under the "dual carbon" goal, the value of nuclear energy is becoming increasingly apparent. At present, a single "Hualong One" (华龙一号) unit has an installed capacity of over 1.2 million kilowatts and an annual power generation of over 10 billion kilowatt-hours, which is equivalent to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 8.16 million tons per year, equivalent to planting more than 70 million trees. In Haiyan (海盐), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant (秦山核电站) uses nuclear heat and power cogeneration technology to provide heating for urban residents, allowing the masses to truly feel the warmth of green energy; in Tianwan (田湾), Jiangsu (江苏) Province, the "Heqi No. 1" (和气一号) steam supply project can reduce the burning of 400,000 tons of standard coal per year. At present, China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) has 26 nuclear power units in operation, with its installed capacity ranking among the top in the world. From uranium exploration to nuclear fuel cycle, it has built a complete nuclear industry chain, injecting a "stabilizer" and "fresh agent" into China's energy structure.
The CNNC brand helps global win-win with independent solutions. At present, China has exported 3 "Hualong One" (华龙一号) nuclear power units overseas. The first "Hualong One" (华龙一号) overseas unit has an annual power generation of 20 billion kilowatt-hours, meeting the electricity demand of 2 million local households. As a leading enterprise in nuclear energy "going global," China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) actively opens up 12 large-scale nuclear research facilities and has successfully exported nuclear power units, research reactors, and subcritical devices to 7 countries, with its business covering more than 170 countries and regions around the world.
Enhancing people's well-being with responsibility and commitment. China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) promotes the independent control of the industrial chain with high quality. At present, nuclear technology has been widely used in industry, agriculture, medicine, and other fields, achieving good economic and social benefits. China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) has realized the localization of several new types of medical isotopes, helping to solve the problems of domestic medical isotope shortage and nuclear medicine development. From supermarket shelves to industrial parks, nuclear technology is used in various fields such as sterilization, preservation, and environmental management, helping to improve people's livelihoods.
China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) will continue to follow the path of high-quality development and use the "national heavy weapon" to brighten the golden name card of the Chinese brand. 国之重器 (guó zhī zhòng qì - "national heavy weapon," refers to strategically important equipment or technology).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李 纵
China Southern Power Grid (南方电网公司) firmly fulfills the duties and mission of a central energy enterprise, implements the new development concept of "innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing," and has shaped the brand image of "Millions of Lights, Profound Southern Grid Affection (万家灯火 南网情深)."
Constructing a defense line for energy supply security, demonstrating responsibility in safeguarding people's livelihoods. In 2024, facing disasters such as the super typhoon "Mangkhut (摩羯)," China Southern Power Grid (南方电网公司) activated emergency mechanisms and achieved "access to every town, every village, and every household" within 21 days. The China Southern Power Grid (南方电网) team that fought against the super typhoon "Mangkhut (摩羯)" and tackled the task of restoring power was awarded the title of "Model Central Enterprise (央企楷模)" for 2024. The total electricity consumption of the five provinces and regions of Guangdong (广东), Guangxi (广西), Yunnan (云南), Guizhou (贵州), and Hainan (海南) throughout the year reached 1.7 trillion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 7.4%; the "West-East Electricity Transfer (西电东送)" electricity volume was 238.4 billion kilowatt-hours, a record high. The average power outage time for customers decreased by 7.8% year-on-year, and the power supply reliability remained at an advanced level in the world's bay areas.
Strengthening support for regional coordination, promoting integration to serve the overall situation. China Southern Power Grid (南方电网公司) implemented precise policies with "one policy per province," completing fixed asset investment of 166 billion yuan in 2024, a record high. The nine mainland cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) achieved full coverage of European standard charging piles in all counties and districts, and the power supply reliability of the Hengqin Cooperation Zone (横琴合作区) reached 100%. The Guangdong Yangjiang Sanshan Island (广东阳江三山岛) offshore wind power flexible DC transmission project commenced construction, and the Guangzhou 500 kV Shiziyang (广州500千伏狮子洋) River Crossing Renovation Project is under construction. Major projects such as the Guangxi (广西) 220 kV offshore wind power transmission project and the Yunnan (云南) "Four Horizontal, Four Vertical, One Center (四横四纵一中心)" 500 kV main grid were put into operation successively. The high-reliability demonstration zone in the core area of the Zunyi Conference Site (遵义会议会址) in Guizhou (贵州) was completed, and the construction of the Hainan (海南) 500 kV digital power grid is more than halfway complete. Shenzhen (深圳) has fully built a mega-city digital power grid. The integration of urban and rural areas is accelerating, with the construction of 300 new era electrified villages, and the power supply reliability of rural power grids has increased to 99.9%.
Climbing peaks with technological self-reliance, strengthening the engine with innovation-driven development. China Southern Power Grid (南方电网公司) has built high-level innovation platforms, with more than 10 technologies such as domestically produced DC dry-type capacitors and hydrogen-electricity bidirectional conversion devices selected as national first (sets) of equipment. The "Yu Dian (驭电)" large model won the highest award at the World Artificial Intelligence Conference and was selected as one of the top ten "national heavyweights (国之重器)" of central enterprises. It released the first domestic evaluation standard for new power systems and was approved to build the first national new power system quality inspection center. The first large-capacity sodium-ion battery energy storage station in the country was built and put into operation, filling multiple gaps in the industry. The first National New Energy Storage Innovation Center in the country was approved for establishment, and the "Dian Hong (电鸿)" ecosystem links more than 350 industrial partners and 700 million power terminals.
Setting an example for green transformation, establishing a benchmark for low-carbon development. China Southern Power Grid (南方电网公司) leads the green transformation of energy, with one out of every two kilowatt-hours of electricity being "zero-carbon electricity." The goal of adding 100 million kilowatts of new energy during the "14th Five-Year Plan" was completed one and a half years ahead of schedule, and the installed capacity of new energy exceeded 200 million kilowatts, becoming the largest power source in the five provinces and regions. The first batch of 35 new power system demonstration zones was built. The regional green electricity and green certificate transaction volume exceeded 104.75 billion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of more than 8.5 times. The company was rated as a "Leader (领跑者)" enterprise in China's industrial carbon peaking. The "Shun Yi Chong (顺易充)" platform has exceeded 10 million users, and the single-day charging volume has reached a historical peak of 7 million kilowatt-hours.
China Southern Power Grid (南方电网) will continue to break through with reform, empower with innovation, and build a foundation with green development, to contribute to promoting Chinese-style modernization.
Return to TopBy: 邹 翔
Observing the resilience of China's industrial chain, the 137th Canton Fair (广交会) provides a good perspective.
Opening the Canton Fair (广交会) official website and entering "automobile" in the search bar, from complete vehicle manufacturing to engines and radiators, from car cleaning to seat covers and storage devices... more than 1,900 brand exhibitors and over 15,000 exhibits come into view, with all kinds of accessories available, meeting the purchasing needs of domestic and foreign merchants in one stop. This "full chain coverage" capability means that no matter how the external environment changes, China can rely on its complete production system to provide a "one-stop solution" from raw materials to end products.
The Canton Fair (广交会), with multiple indicators breaking records, highlights the important role played by Chinese brands' innovation and creation in the global supply chain, and is a direct reflection of China's responsibility and commitment to ensuring the stability of the global supply chain.
The world economic landscape is undergoing profound adjustments, and the global industrial and supply chains are facing risks and challenges. However, crisis and opportunity always coexist. The accelerated restructuring of the global supply chain contains both difficulties and new opportunities. The more turbulent the situation, the more companies need to raise the sails of their brands, gain momentum for progress in the face of storms, and stand at the forefront of the market tide.
Seek brand reputation from transformation and development. Today, how to maintain the sustainability of pursuing "new" and "green" has become a mandatory question for outstanding Chinese brands. For example, Yuntianhua Group (云天化集团) promotes full life cycle green management and low-carbon development. The implemented coal gasification RTO large-scale model project can save 9,100 tons of coal and reduce carbon dioxide emissions by more than 20,000 tons annually, changing many people's impression of the chemical industry as high-polluting and high-energy-consuming. Transforming and upgrading, and protecting the environment, is the only way to demonstrate corporate responsibility and win consumer favor, and it is also a preemptive move to win future advantages.
Seek brand competitiveness from innovative development. AI chassis can scan the road conditions 30 meters ahead of the vehicle, predict potholes and obstacles on the road surface, and adaptively adjust the shock absorbers; sodium-ion batteries can still maintain 90% of their available power in an environment of minus 40 degrees Celsius... At this year's Shanghai Auto Show (上海车展), Chinese new energy vehicle brands shone brightly, relying on leading innovative changes and an endless stream of hardcore technologies. By relying on determined innovation to forge its own "irreplaceability" in the industrial and supply chain, the cornerstone for a company's steady and long-term development will be unshakable.
If enterprises are to be strong, brands must be strong. The "China Brand Day" (中国品牌日) under changing external environment provides all enterprises with an opportunity to think about how to accurately recognize changes, scientifically respond to changes, and proactively seek changes, so as to polish their brands and turn crises into opportunities.
The ocean of the Chinese economy is the deepest foundation and source of strength for Chinese brands. With the support of a super-large-scale market, the actions of corporate innovation and breakthroughs, and the choice and trust of the vast number of consumers, the journey of Chinese brands has no end, and the future is unlimited.
Return to TopLayout Design: Zhang Danfeng (张丹峰)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 窦瀚洋
During this period, Chen Shengnan, Deputy General Manager of Ningbo Jinri Foods Co., Ltd. (浙江宁波今日食品有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "Jinri Foods (今日食品)"), has started a "non-stop" work mode. "To seize the domestic market, we must first establish brand awareness, and there is no time to delay."
Her mobile phone is densely filled with records of various work dynamics: offline, submitting applications to enter large chain supermarkets and preparing to arrange distribution; online, listing more tuna products on domestic e-commerce platforms; using artificial intelligence technology to create a "24-hour non-closing" live broadcast room to expand new live broadcast e-commerce scenarios...
In the past, Jinri Foods (今日食品) mainly focused on overseas markets, selling to more than 30 countries and regions through Ningbo Zhoushan Port (宁波舟山港). "The products are mainly aimed at the European and American markets, and domestic sales account for less than 20%." Chen Shengnan (陈胜楠) said that to develop the domestic market, many things have to be started from scratch.
She revealed to reporters that the reason for doing domestic sales is, on the one hand, because of the complex and severe external environment, and on the other hand, it is a long-term plan for the company's future sustainable development.
As early as the end of 2018, Jinri Foods (今日食品) was impacted by tariffs, coupled with increased uncertainties brought about by import costs and fluctuations in sea freight prices, and the company began to try to layout the domestic market.
"Tuna products are common on the tables of European and American consumers, and domestic people at most try something new. A mature consumer market has not yet been formed." Chen Shengnan (陈胜楠) said that the company has done a lot of exploration in recent years, entering e-commerce platforms such as Tmall (天猫) and Jingdong (京东), but the effect is general. The company plans to create its own brand, but does not know where to start.
Jinri Foods (今日食品) has also encountered common problems in export-to-domestic sales, such as low consumer acceptance and insufficient brand awareness. Not only that, the difference between the foreign trade market and the domestic sales market also makes the company "unaccustomed to the environment."
"Foreign trade orders have obvious characteristics of 'large batches, few batches'. The shipment volume is often calculated in 'containers'; the domestic sales market is just the opposite, with the characteristics of 'small batches, multiple batches'. Product competition is fierce, and the speed of updating and iteration is very fast," said Xia Di (夏迪), general manager of the company.
"In the final analysis, brand awareness and positioning are very important." Xia Di (夏迪) analyzed, "To establish a completely new brand system, products must also be segmented." So, the company launched the "Feichang Yu Kuai (非常鱼块)" brand. "This is a new brand that we recently created specifically for domestic consumers."
"Overseas, there are many ways to eat tuna, but domestic consumers are not familiar with how to cook tuna. We believe that starting with ready-to-eat products is more appropriate." In response to the tastes and health needs of domestic consumers, the company has successively launched simple ready-to-eat products such as canned bluefin tuna in oil and yellowfin tuna chunks. "The brand 'Feichang Yu Kuai (非常鱼块)' is taken from the homonym of 'very happy'. The products are clear at a glance and closer to the Chinese people," said Xia Di (夏迪).
How is the new brand performing? According to reports, after "Feichang Yu Kuai (非常鱼块)" entered chain supermarkets and online platforms, sales and performance were good. The brand's "Nian Nian You Yu (年年有鱼)" series of gift boxes was also selected as a "Ningbo (宁波) Featured Souvenir."
After the successful trial of "Feichang Yu Kuai (非常鱼块)", this year the company also jointly created the "Xuedoushan (雪窦山)" brand with the Xikou Town (溪口镇) government in Fenghua District (奉化区) to launch tuna souvenirs, focusing on the tourism market. "Xikou (溪口) is a large tourist town in Fenghua (奉化). With the tourism traffic, we hope to further enhance brand awareness," said Chen Shengnan (陈胜楠).
During this period, she was busy working with supermarkets to carry out tasting activities and preparing for offline pop-up stores. "Since last year, we have sponsored the Fenghua (奉化) Marathon for two consecutive years and set up food stalls. We have participated in many food expos in various places, and we have also entered the Fenghua (奉化) Agricultural and Sideline Products Exhibition and Sales Center under the lead of the District Supply and Marketing Cooperative, all in order to bring the brand closer to more consumers."
Government departments are also taking action to support the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade for enterprises. Hearing that Jinri Foods (今日食品) wanted to do online live broadcasts, Jiang Ying (蒋莹), head of the Foreign Trade Section of the Fenghua District (奉化区) Bureau of Commerce, and Li Guanghui (李光辉), a resident enterprise commissioner, rushed to connect. Since the company laid out the domestic market, the District Bureau of Commerce has taken the initiative to provide services more than 50 times. "We have initially screened several good live broadcast companies in the district. See which one you like?" After handing the relevant information to Xia Di (夏迪), Jiang Ying (蒋莹) and Li Guanghui (李光辉) carefully inquired about the company's needs.
In addition, the Fenghua District (奉化区) Bureau of Commerce has led multiple departments to form an enterprise service alliance to provide a combination of policy services for foreign trade-to-domestic sales enterprises. "There are many aspects such as credit, social security, fee reduction, and credit insurance support," Xia Di (夏迪) counted.
Jinri Foods (今日食品) has received cumulative domestic orders of more than 30 million yuan. "This year, we plan to increase the proportion of domestic sales to more than 30%. In the future, we hope to achieve a balance between foreign trade and domestic sales, with each accounting for half, and develop in a balanced manner with 'two legs'," Xia Di (夏迪) said with confidence about the future.
Return to TopBy: 吴 波
Switching from foreign trade to domestic sales is a proactive choice for enterprises to cope with the uncertainty of the global market, integrate into the new development pattern of domestic and international dual circulation, and achieve resilient development. At the same time, developing the domestic market is also a systematic organizational change process. In the global value chain system, most of China's traditional foreign trade enterprises are located in the low-end processing and manufacturing links, usually using economies of scale to obtain price advantages, and supply chain advantages to obtain rapid response advantages.
However, in the process of developing the domestic market, these foreign trade enterprises often need to leap from processing and manufacturing links to research and development design and marketing links, and need to reshape the competitive advantages of enterprises. Enterprises must transform from a single processing and manufacturing advantage to a brand advantage and research and development design advantage with higher added value.
Ningbo Jinri Food (宁波今日食品) is a typical case of domestic market brand building driving systematic enterprise change. In this process, traditional foreign trade enterprises need to see the development stage of the industry in which they are located, study the market competition pattern and demand structure, and on this basis, clarify their own brand positioning, design a matching product system, and guide the corresponding research and development design and production process changes. In particular, due to the large differences between the domestic and international markets, foreign trade enterprises cannot simply replicate export products, but need to carry out systematic product innovation.
For Jinri Food (今日食品), the successful transformation of the domestic market not only depends on the systematic promotion of the company's own brand strategy, but also on the support of the local business environment, which enables foreign trade companies to complete brand application, registration and protection more quickly and efficiently, and fully enjoy the results of brand building.
(The author is the Executive Dean of the Zhejiang Merchants Research Institute of Zhejiang Gongshang University (浙江工商大学浙商研究院), and the report was compiled by Dou Hanyang (窦瀚洋), a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王 政 刘温馨
With the rapid development of automotive electrification and intelligence, hidden door handles are being widely used due to their advantages such as aesthetics and a strong sense of technology. An executive from a certain car company told reporters that hidden door handles enhance the interaction experience between people and cars. Car owners can open the doors in various ways such as voice, buttons, and keys. At the same time, it makes the overall vehicle shape more in line with streamlined design, reduces wind resistance, saves electricity consumption, and allows vehicles to increase their range by 5-10 kilometers. According to statistics, the proportion of new cars equipped with hidden door handles in the domestic market has exceeded 60%.
However, in the past two years, hidden door handles have also exposed many problems in market applications.
"I didn't know how to open the door when taking a taxi, and the driver disliked me," "The weather in Northeast China (东北) is too cold, and the hidden door handle cannot pop out normally," "The vehicle is deformed after a violent collision, and the handle relying on the electronic system cannot be opened"... Problems such as concealed and unmarked, difficult to identify and operate, pinching hands, and potential escape risks have caused hidden door handles to be questioned.
It is understandable to attract consumers through design innovation, but ensuring safety should be the bottom line and prerequisite. Some car companies have already paid attention to this safety hazard. For example, Geely Automobile (吉利汽车) has disclosed a hidden door handle emergency unlocking patent, which allows the door handle to be manually unlocked in extreme situations such as collisions, power outages, and extreme cold through mechanical transmission + dual circuit backup + low-temperature self-heating technology.
Currently, there is a lack of unified industry norms and standards for automotive door handles. In response to this phenomenon, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) publicly solicited opinions on the mandatory national standard formulation and revision plan project of "Safety Technical Requirements for Automotive Door Handles" (《汽车车门把手安全技术要求》). The technical requirements stipulate the installation requirements for automotive emergency door inner handles, the marking requirements for hidden door inner handles and emergency door inner handles, the anti-pinch requirements and test methods for electric door outer handles, the strength requirements and test methods for door outer handles and door inner handles, and the dynamic test requirements and test methods for electric door handles.
Experts said that the formulation of technical requirements is of great significance for improving the safety of automotive door handles: From the perspective of rescue and escape, strengthen the safety logic of automotive door outer handles in accident scenarios such as collisions and vehicle fires, increase safety redundancy design requirements such as mechanical or power-off protection, and ensure that the door system can be opened in accidents such as power outages and collisions, so as to carry out rescue and escape activities; ensure that in rollover and fall accidents, the accidental operation of the door handle can be prevented, thereby reducing the risk of occupants falling; standardize the easy-to-identify safety signs of hidden door inner handles and emergency door inner handles to ensure the visibility of the signs, thereby reducing the difficulty of occupants escaping in emergency situations; ensure the structural strength of the door handle and prevent the loss of function of the door lock operating mechanism after an accident.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on May 12th (Reporter Luo Shanshan (罗珊珊)) On the 12th, the National Export Control Coordination Mechanism Office organized the Ministry of Commerce (商务部), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部), the Ministry of Public Security (公安部), the Ministry of State Security (国家安全部), the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部), the Ministry of Transport (交通运输部), the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (国务院国资委), the General Administration of Customs (海关总署), the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局), the State Post Bureau (国家邮政局) and local authorities of strategic mineral resources concentrated provinces such as Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), Jiangxi (江西), Hunan (湖南), Guangdong (广东), Guangxi (广西), Guizhou (贵州), and Yunnan (云南) to hold a work deployment meeting in Changsha (长沙市), Hunan Province (湖南省) to strengthen the whole-chain management and control of strategic mineral exports.
Export control of strategic minerals, strengthening the whole-chain management and control of exports is the key. All departments should closely cooperate, perform their regulatory responsibilities in accordance with the division of responsibilities, and earnestly strengthen the whole-chain management and control of strategic minerals in all links such as mining, smelting, processing, transportation, manufacturing, sales, and export; local people's governments should strengthen territorial regulatory responsibilities, systematically investigate enterprises in all links of the whole chain of strategic mineral exports in their regions and establish ledgers, guide local enterprises to strengthen compliance system construction, improve enterprises' compliance awareness and capabilities, and jointly ensure that control measures are implemented in place.
Previously, the National Export Control Coordination Mechanism Office deployed a special action to combat the smuggling of strategic minerals. The spokesperson of the Ministry of Commerce (商务部) stated that strengthening export control of strategic mineral resources is a matter of national security and development interests. Since the implementation of export controls on some strategic minerals, some overseas entities have colluded with domestic criminals in an attempt to circumvent export control measures through smuggling and other means. In order to curb the momentum of smuggling, the National Export Control Coordination Mechanism Office focused on combating strategic mineral smuggling on May 9 and held an on-site meeting and made special arrangements in Shenzhen (深圳市), Guangdong Province (广东省).
All relevant departments immediately took action, focusing on illegal and irregular behaviors that have recently appeared in the field of strategic minerals, such as false declarations, concealment, smuggling, and "third country" re-export, in an attempt to circumvent export control, and quickly carried out cross-departmental investigations and case consultations, increased port inspection and crackdown efforts, deeply investigated the illegal entities and smuggling networks behind the scenes, severely and quickly investigated and handled illegal cases, and continued to improve the effectiveness of export control law enforcement.
Return to TopIn recent years, Taihe County (泰和县) in Ji'an (吉安), Jiangxi (江西) Province, has leveraged its abundant local moso bamboo resources to actively develop the moso bamboo processing industry, enhance product added value, and drive income growth for farmers. The picture shows employees at a processing plant in Shibi Village (石壁村), Qiaotou Town (桥头镇), Taihe County (泰和县) on May 10, drying bamboo strips.
Photo by Deng Heping (邓和平) (Image China).
Return to TopGuangzhou, May 12th (Reporter Li Gang (李刚)) The reporter learned from the press conference of the Information Office of the People’s Government of Guangdong Province (广东省政府新闻办公室) on the 12th that Guangdong (广东) has introduced 12 measures to further stimulate the vitality of business entities and accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system.
Guangdong (广东) has clearly proposed the implementation of interest subsidies for manufacturing and high-tech enterprise loans. For the annual newly added bank loans of eligible manufacturing and high-tech enterprises, the provincial finance department will provide interest subsidies of no more than 35% of the bank loan interest rate, with a maximum annual interest-subsidized loan scale of 200 billion yuan. At the same time, it is proposed to expand the coverage of government-backed financing guarantees and promote the annual government-backed financing scale of Guangdong Province (广东省) to exceed 100 billion yuan.
In terms of industrial investment, Guangdong (广东) proposed that the province should coordinate resource integration to form an industrial investment fund and venture capital fund with a total scale of over one trillion yuan, using state-owned capital to drive social capital, focusing on investing early, investing in small businesses, investing in the future, and investing in hard technology. In terms of talent recruitment, the "Million Talents Gathering in Southern Guangdong (百万英才汇南粤)" action plan will be implemented, and support policies such as "one person applies, the whole family settles down" will be implemented for key talents in high-end, sophisticated, cutting-edge, and critical fields. In terms of enterprise services, it is proposed to establish a full life-cycle service system of "managing investment promotion, managing projects, managing enterprises, and managing services," and to comprehensively implement the enterprise (project) service commissioner system.
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency (新华社), Beijing (北京), May 12th (Reporter Zhou Yuan (周圆)) - Reporter learned on the 12th: Sany Heavy Industry (三一重工)'s "Excavator Index," built on the Rootcloud (树根互联) industrial internet platform, shows that in April, the national construction machinery indices fluctuated little overall, and national infrastructure projects progressed steadily.
Data shows that in April, the national construction machinery operating rate was 49.53%, a slight decrease compared to the previous month, with a decrease of 0.81%, and the total working hours of statistical samples increased by 0.22% compared to the previous month. The operating rate in the Northeast region was 61.13%, an increase of 13.08% compared to the previous month, with both the operating rate and the month-on-month increase ranking first among all regions. The comprehensive operating rate of 15 provinces across the country increased month-on-month, among which the month-on-month increase in the comprehensive operating rate of Heilongjiang (黑龙江), Qinghai (青海), Jilin (吉林), Tibet (西藏), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), and Xinjiang (新疆) exceeded 10%.
In addition, in April, the operating rate of road equipment was 28.11%, an increase of 7.2% month-on-month, with the month-on-month increase ranking first among various types of equipment, indicating that road infrastructure construction is booming; among port equipment, the operating rate in the western region was 43.04%, an increase of 1.34% month-on-month, reflecting the gradual increase in the status of the western region in international trade.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 方 圆
"I applied one day and it was completed the next, the speed is really fast!" Liu Guojun (刘国军), a farmer from Qianxing Village (乾兴村) in Tailai County (泰来县), Qiqihar City (齐齐哈尔市), Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省), praised repeatedly.
Liu Guojun (刘国军) was referring to the speed at which his family's well was connected to electricity. In April of this year, Hao Fengxue (郝凤学) and Hao Kun (郝坤), grid managers from the Qiqihar Power Supply Company (齐齐哈尔供电公司), went to the village to inspect irrigation equipment. They learned that Liu Guojun (刘国军) wanted to switch to using an electric pump to draw water from the well for irrigation, so they guided Liu Guojun (刘国军) to submit an electricity application at home via his mobile phone.
After receiving the application, the power supply station arranged for a dedicated person to provide door-to-door service. Relying on the newly erected lines, they quickly determined the power supply plan. The next day, they completed the installation of the meter and connection of electricity, bringing electricity to Liu Guojun's (刘国军) well.
Fast and efficient electrification is inseparable from proactively connecting with electricity demand. Qin Jianguo (秦建国), the head of Kaoshan Livestock Farm (靠山种畜场) in Duerbote Mongolian Autonomous County (杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县), Daqing City (大庆市), submitted an application for the new installation of seven transformers. Jin Xiaonan (金晓楠), director of the Bayancha Gan Power Supply Station (巴彦查干供电所) of the State Grid Daqing Power Supply Company (国网大庆供电公司), received the application and immediately contacted the customer and launched a green channel. Ten minutes later, staff arrived at the site to survey and develop a power connection plan for the user, completing the electricity application in just one working day.
"In the past, we relied entirely on diesel engines to pump water for irrigation. Now that we have installed transformers and switched to electric pumps, it not only saves money, but it is also much more convenient to operate!" Qin Jianguo (秦建国) said happily.
In addition to providing fast and efficient power supply services, State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power (国网黑龙江电力) has also vigorously strengthened the construction of rural power grid infrastructure, comprehensively sorted out the electrification status and operation of machine wells, and cumulatively established files for 377,600 machine wells in the province to promote the early electrification of machine wells. By the end of 2024, the power supply reliability of rural power grids in Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省) reached 99.82%, and the comprehensive voltage qualification rate of rural power grids reached 99.77%. In 2025, the company plans to arrange an investment of 2.93 billion yuan to implement rural power grid consolidation and upgrading projects to a high standard, build and renovate 6,600 kilometers of lines, and newly expand and renovate transformer capacity of 320,000 kVA, continuously improving the level of rural power security.
As the degree of rural production electrification continues to increase, the 24-hour electricity demand for smart agricultural facilities is gradually becoming normalized. This year, State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power (国网黑龙江电力) organized the establishment of 741 power protection service teams, with 7,313 people going deep into the fields, and has cumulatively visited 19,412 agricultural users, proactively solving various electricity problems encountered by farmers.
In the Seventh Management Area of Beidahuang Group Heilongjiang 853 Farm Co., Ltd. (北大荒集团黑龙江八五三农场有限公司), State Grid Hongxinglong Power Supply Company (国网红兴隆供电公司) provided proactive services to help users complete a comprehensive inspection of the power lines and electrical components of 200 sets of intelligent water-saving control irrigation systems.
"The intelligent water-saving control irrigation equipment is in optimal condition, and the work in the fields is easier," said grower Ma Guozhu (马国柱).
This year, 853 Farm Co., Ltd. (八五三农场有限公司) plans to build another 676 sets of intelligent water-saving control irrigation systems, covering more than 10,000 mu of rice planting area. Hongxinglong Power Supply Company (红兴隆供电公司) established a special service team to intervene in advance in the early stages of the project and proactively provide consulting services.
In order to improve the level of rural power security, State Grid Heilongjiang Electric Power (国网黑龙江电力) also conducted a comprehensive inspection of farmland well lines and substations in advance. As of now, it has cumulatively eliminated 2,091 equipment safety hazards and guided the elimination of 1,557 user-side electricity safety hazards, fully ensuring that rural areas go from "having access to electricity" to "using electricity well."
Return to TopThis newspaper's Kunming (昆明) May 12th report (Reporters Yang Wenming (杨文明) and Correspondent Wang Yu (王宇)) With the recent intensive commissioning of multiple new energy power stations, Yunnan Province's (云南省) new energy installed capacity recently exceeded 60 million kilowatts, reaching 60.1777 million kilowatts, of which wind power is 16.8711 million kilowatts and photovoltaic power is 43.306 million kilowatts. New energy installed capacity accounts for 38% of the province's total installed capacity.
As an important energy base for "West-East Electricity Transfer," Yunnan (云南) has unique green energy resources, and the long-term developable capacity of new energy exceeds 150 million kilowatts. Currently, new energy has become Yunnan's (云南) second-largest power source after hydropower, injecting 澎湃动力 (péng pài dòng lì - "surging power," describes vigorous and dynamic energy) into power supply security and green development.
Return to TopThe Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum is an important initiative taken by China and Latin America to build on past achievements, discuss cooperation, and create a shared future, and it has significant symbolic meaning in the process of China-Latin America cooperation.
The Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-Community of Latin American and Caribbean States Forum will be held in Beijing (北京) on May 13. President Xi Jinping (习近平) will attend the opening ceremony and deliver an important speech, reviewing the development of China-Latin America relations, elaborating on the rich connotation, practical achievements, and broad prospects of the China-Latin America community with a shared future, and proposing new initiatives and measures for the development of China-Latin America relations, pointing out the direction and injecting new impetus for the steady and long-term development of China-Latin America relations. China-Latin America friendship transcends mountains and seas, and cooperation is deepening and becoming more practical. This meeting will write a new chapter in China-Latin America's joint journey, send out a strong voice of solidarity and self-reliance from the Global South, and make new contributions to enhancing the well-being of the people of China and Latin America and promoting the cause of human progress.
**志合者，不以山海为远** (zhì hé zhě, bù yǐ shān hǎi wéi yuǎn - "Those with common aspirations do not consider mountains and seas as distant," those who share the same ideals are not deterred by geographical distance). Thanks to the increasingly consistent understanding of the world's development trends, the more firm confidence in the development prospects of China-Latin America relations, the clearer consensus on mutual development opportunities, and the stronger desire to build a China-Latin America community with a shared future, China-Latin America relations have withstood the test of international vicissitudes and have entered a new stage of equality, mutual benefit, innovation, openness, and benefit for the people. The two sides have continuously deepened political mutual trust, continuously expanded pragmatic cooperation, increasingly close cultural exchanges, and fruitful cooperation in various fields, setting a model for South-South cooperation.
As the main channel for China-Latin America overall cooperation, the China-CELAC Forum was personally initiated by President Xi Jinping (习近平) and provides strong support for building a China-Latin America community with a shared future. Ten years ago, the first Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum was successfully held in Beijing (北京), officially opening a new stage of parallel and mutually reinforcing bilateral and overall cooperation in China-Latin America relations. The establishment of the China-CELAC Forum conformed to the trend of peace, development, cooperation, and win-win in the era and was a pioneering undertaking in the history of China-Latin America relations. Over the past 10 years, the China-CELAC Forum has flourished, the mechanism has been continuously improved, and it has become an important platform for enhancing China-Latin America political mutual trust, strengthening the alignment of development strategies, and promoting people-to-people connectivity. The upcoming Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum is an important initiative taken by China and Latin America to build on past achievements, discuss cooperation, and create a shared future, and it has significant symbolic meaning in the process of China-Latin America cooperation. The meeting will adopt a number of outcome documents, involving specific measures for cooperation in areas such as scientific and technological innovation, economic and trade investment, artificial intelligence, finance, infrastructure, agriculture and food, industry and information technology, energy and minerals, and the joint construction of the "Belt and Road," demonstrating China and Latin America's firm determination to seek peace, promote development, and promote cooperation.
Promoting the construction of a China-Latin America community with a shared future to go deeper and more solid will bring more benefits to the people of both sides. China is comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization, and Latin American and Caribbean countries are also striving for unity and self-reliance, development and revitalization. China and Latin America have strong economic complementarity, development strategies that are mutually compatible, and natural advantages for strengthening cooperation. China is Latin America's second largest trading partner, more than 20 countries in the Latin American and Caribbean region have joined the big family of the "Belt and Road," China has cumulatively implemented more than 200 infrastructure projects in the region, providing millions of jobs, and actively carrying out capacity cooperation to help the region improve its level of industrialization. China and Latin America jointly promote a comprehensive partnership of equality, mutual benefit, and common development, and jointly build a China-Latin America community with a shared future, which will open up broader prospects for cooperation in various fields between the two sides.
Currently, the changes of the world, the changes of history, and the changes of the times are unfolding in unprecedented ways, and the global uncertainty, instability, and unpredictability factors have significantly increased. Opposing hegemony and power politics and advocating equality and mutual respect are the common pursuits of China and Latin America. Both China and Latin America support economic globalization, support multilateralism and the multilateral trading system, oppose unilateralism, economic bullying, and oppose the politicization and weaponization of economic and trade relations. China is willing to take the Fourth Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum as an opportunity to jointly discuss development plans and jointly promote cooperation with Latin America, and jointly contribute wisdom and strength to addressing global challenges, promoting global governance reform, and maintaining world peace and stability.
The logo of the China-CELAC Forum is shaped like a pair of doves of peace surrounding each other, and like tightly clasped hands, symbolizing close cooperation and soaring flight between China and Latin America. Looking to the future, China and Latin America will continue to help each other, work together, and jointly create a better future.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 陈海琪 陈效卫 郭梓云
In recent years, agricultural departments in many countries have accelerated the process of developing high-quality agricultural products to enhance the competitiveness of agricultural products. The World Bank pointed out in a report that in the current increasingly fierce competition in the global agricultural product market, countries are actively exploring ways to increase the added value and market share of agricultural products. The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), a non-profit international agricultural research organization, also stated that promoting high-quality agricultural products through innovative technologies and advanced management models is an important driving force for achieving sustainable agricultural development and enhancing international trade competitiveness. Recently, reporters from this newspaper visited representative farms and trading markets in countries such as Brazil, New Zealand, and the Netherlands to explore the unique development paths of high-quality agricultural products in these regions.
Brazil—
Developing Specialty Coffee to Explore the High-End Market
In the early morning, sunlight shines on the Santa Bárbara coffee farm in Minas Gerais (米纳斯吉拉斯州), Brazil. Inside the farm, rows of lush green coffee trees are neatly arranged, with branches full of plump fruits. Mosca Fiano (莫斯卡·菲亚诺), a full-time researcher hired by the farm, carefully records the growth of the coffee while bending down to pick up a ripe fruit for careful observation. Although the farm has been growing coffee for less than 10 years, it has repeatedly won awards in specialty coffee competitions held in the region due to its scientific planting methods.
According to Marcos Matos (马科斯·马托斯), executive director of the Brazilian Coffee Exporters Association, Brazil has been the world's largest coffee producer and exporter for more than 100 years. However, many consumers only get to drink Brazilian coffee through chain stores such as Starbucks. Facing the fierce competition in the global coffee market, Brazilian coffee growers are paying more attention to using technological means to increase yield and quality. "Today, many coffee plantations in Brazil use modern irrigation systems, precision fertilization technology, and scientific pest and disease control methods to make coffee beans more stable in quality, unique in flavor, and more competitive in the international market," said Matos.
From the high-altitude coffee plantations in Minas Gerais (米纳斯吉拉斯州) to the carefully cultivated new coffee varieties in São Paulo (圣保罗州) and the southern region, Brazil has seen the emergence of specialty coffee varieties such as Yellow Bourbon and Geisha. With their unique flavor, balanced taste, and sustainable cultivation methods, these specialty coffees have accumulated a good reputation in the international market, driving Brazil's agricultural upgrading towards higher added value. The Brazilian agricultural departments and industry associations are also actively promoting the transformation of the coffee planting industry towards high quality. Matos said: "In recent years, relevant departments and associations have encouraged coffee plantations to hire researchers to participate in breeding work or cooperate with local universities to improve the yield and quality of coffee."
The Brazilian government and industry associations also attach great importance to the brand promotion of specialty coffee. The Brazilian Specialty Coffee Association has established a certification system and a place of origin traceability system. According to data from the Brazilian Micro and Small Business Support Service, Brazil exports approximately 10 million bags of specialty coffee each year, and regions with geographical indications have an annual coffee production potential of approximately 38 million bags.
In recent years, the Brazilian coffee planting industry has increasingly emphasized the concept of sustainable development. At the Barinas farm in Minas Gerais (米纳斯吉拉斯州), other low-growing plants are planted between every two rows of coffee trees to reduce soil erosion and maintain biodiversity. The farm has also built solar power generation facilities to achieve self-sufficiency in electricity. Coffee growers in the Amazon region have established a sustainable certification system—the Rainforest Alliance certification. Coffee beans that have obtained this certification can be priced 8% to 60% higher. Tiago (蒂亚戈), the person in charge of the farm, said that this reflects the market value of the sustainable development model. Only by adhering to the concept of environmental protection can the manor develop in the long term and make products more popular with consumers. "Sustainable development is the foundation of our marketing, and we must convey this to consumers," said Matos.
New Zealand—
Creating High-Quality Fruits Through the Entire Production and Sales Chain
Not long ago, the first batch of New Zealand kiwifruit for 2025 arrived at Chinese ports and were sold on online and offline platforms across the country. Among them, the "Zespri RubyRed Kiwifruit," a new variety cultivated for more than 20 years, was favored by many consumers. Zespri International (佳沛国际集团) of New Zealand expects that the output of this variety will reach 10,800 tons in 2025, of which the Chinese market will account for approximately 40% of sales.
The New Zealand kiwifruit industry has experienced a development process from disorder to order. Ivan Kinsella (伊万·金塞拉), Vice President of Public Affairs for Greater China at Zespri International (佳沛国际集团) of New Zealand, told reporters that in the early years, fruit farmers developed independently and even engaged in vicious competition, which led to frequent fluctuations in the yield, quality, and price of kiwifruit, and repeated setbacks in the international market. In 1988, more than 2,700 fruit farmers jointly established the New Zealand Kiwifruit Marketing Board to build an integrated process of breeding, planting, distribution, and promotion. In 1997, the New Zealand Kiwifruit Marketing Board was renamed Zespri International (佳沛国际集团) of New Zealand, and the Zespri brand was trademarked in more than 70 countries around the world. From production to sales, the entire chain of the New Zealand kiwifruit industry has embarked on a path of brand development.
Kiwifruit needs to follow multiple standards in the planting and harvesting stages. According to Kinsella, farm owners need to pass seven strict assessments over three years to obtain organic orchard qualification certification for kiwifruit. These assessments cover orchard soil conditions, the use of organic fertilizers, and seedling traceability. To resist disasters such as strong winds and hail, 10-meter-high pine or birch windbreaks need to be planted around the orchard. During the kiwifruit flowering period, at least two beehives need to be placed in each hectare of the orchard, and closed management is adopted to ensure pollination effectiveness. Fruit farmers use manual harvesting methods. For each variety, 90 samples are first taken for testing of residues, sweetness, and nutrient content, and large-scale harvesting can only be carried out after passing the test.
The sales process is also meticulous. After the fruits are harvested, they are immediately sent to the processing workshop for sorting, packaging, and storage. The entire process must be completed within 12 hours. During the packaging process, grading is carried out through weighing and optical detection, and kiwifruit that is too light or too heavy or uneven in shape will be eliminated. To ensure the quality and taste of kiwifruit, it needs to be stored in a constant temperature, constant humidity, and well-ventilated environment. In addition, the New Zealand government will also conduct random box inspections of exported kiwifruit, and the entire batch will be returned if it fails to meet the standards. "Maintaining high standards throughout the entire process from production to sales not only protects the rights and interests of consumers, but also enables fruit farmers to focus on improving quality, achieving a win-win situation in the strict sense," said Kinsella.
Netherlands—
Efficient Auctions and Logistics Ensure Flower Exports
Early in the morning, the Aalsmeer Flower Auction (阿斯米尔鲜花拍卖市场) market, located in the suburbs of Amsterdam (阿姆斯特丹), the capital of the Netherlands, is already bustling with activity. The freshly transported flowers are still covered with water droplets, and the air is filled with the fragrance of flowers, which is intertwined with the sound of bidding, creating a vivid picture of the "kingdom of flowers." Data shows that driven by spring consumption and holiday market conditions, the export value of Dutch flowers and plants increased by 7% year-on-year in January 2025, continuing its strong development momentum.
The Aalsmeer Flower Auction (阿斯米尔鲜花拍卖市场) market is the largest flower auction market in the Netherlands, operated by Royal FloraHolland (荷兰皇家花卉拍卖集团), covering an area of 775,000 square meters, and trading in more than 30,000 types of flowers and plants. The unique "descending price auction" model is an important part of the country's efficient flower industry operation. In the flower auction hall, 35 auction clocks operate simultaneously, each auction clock representing a type of flower. During the auction, the pointer rotates from a high price to a low price, and buyers need to seize the opportunity to press the button to determine the transaction price. This auction method greatly improves transaction efficiency and reduces flower losses.
After the auction, the flowers are immediately transported to the distribution hall, where they are quickly sorted according to buyers' orders under the precise management of the electronic system. The distribution hall also has a 15-kilometer-long elevated runway system, with a daily transportation volume equivalent to the single transportation volume of 200 trucks. Royal FloraHolland (荷兰皇家花卉拍卖集团) has also built one of the world's largest refrigeration facilities, building a full-chain cold chain transportation system to ensure that flowers are quickly sold to the world. Under normal circumstances, flowers cut on the same day can be delivered to neighboring countries such as Germany by the afternoon of the next day. According to statistics, the market trades an average of 43 million flowers and 5 million plants per day, and the total sales account for 54% of the total sales of Dutch flowers and plants.
According to statistics from the Dutch Wholesaler Association for Floricultural Products (荷兰花卉产品批发商协会), the export value of Dutch cut flowers and plants reached 7.1 billion euros in 2024, an increase of 4% year-on-year, accounting for approximately 60% of the global flower trade volume. Relevant institutions predict that the Dutch flower market size will be approximately US$5.11 billion in 2025 and will climb to US$6.43 billion by 2030. At present, the Dutch flower industry is actively exploring sustainable development paths and practicing green and energy-saving concepts in cultivation, packaging, transportation, and other links. Matthijs Mesken (马蒂斯·梅斯肯), head of the Dutch Wholesaler Association for Floricultural Products (荷兰花卉产品批发商协会), said that global consumers' demand for flowers is continuous, and the Dutch flower industry will create a more sustainable development model while ensuring the stability of the supply chain.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Nanning May 12th dispatch (Reporter Pang Ge Ping (庞革平)) Recently, the China-Cambodia (Nanning) Rubber Production Base was inaugurated in the Guangxi Nanning Comprehensive Bonded Zone. Nong Shengwen (农生文), Member of the Standing Committee of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西壮族自治区) Party Committee and Secretary of the Nanning (南宁) Municipal Party Committee, Hou Gang (侯刚), Mayor of Nanning (南宁), and Chen Jack, Advisor to Samdech Techo Hun Sen (洪森), President of the Senate of the Kingdom of Cambodia, and Executive Chairman of the ASEAN SME Economic and Trade Development Committee, jointly witnessed the unveiling.
Promoting the construction of the China-Cambodia (Nanning) Rubber Production Base is a concrete action by Nanning (南宁) to implement the important consensus reached by the leaders of China and Cambodia at the local level, as well as to implement the "Memorandum of Understanding on Actively Promoting the Joint Construction of the China-Cambodia Industrial Park" signed between Guangxi (广西) and Cambodia. The base is jointly constructed by the Cambodia Asia Agricultural Products Futures Exchange Co., Ltd. and Thailand Jingtai Holding Group, with a plant area of approximately 7,500 square meters, including a production workshop of approximately 2,000 square meters and a finished product warehouse of 5,500 square meters. It is equipped with a natural rubber dry mixing production line with an annual output of 24,000 tons, and is supported by a rubber processing R&D center and a warehousing center. A scientific research team led by experts from the Rubber Authority of Thailand provides technical support and on-site management. It is expected to be included in the statistics of industrial enterprises above designated size in 2025. In 2026, it is expected to achieve an annual industrial output value of 1.08 billion yuan and an annual tax payment of no less than 54 million yuan.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Berlin, May 12 (Reporter Che Yunlong (车云龙)) The "2024 Foreign Companies Investing in Germany Report" released by Germany Trade & Invest (德国联邦外贸与投资署) on the 12th showed that Chinese companies' enthusiasm for investing in Germany remained undiminished last year, with the number of projects reaching 199.
The report shows that a total of 1,724 foreign investment projects were located in Germany in 2024, a slight decrease of 2% year-on-year. Among them, the number of Chinese investment projects was basically the same as in 2023, remaining in third place, only slightly lower than the United States and Switzerland. The report said that Chinese companies continued to be active in the field of renewable energy last year, with 31 projects; electronics and automation, transportation and logistics were also major investment areas. In terms of business type, about 1/4 of the investment projects involved production and research and development.
Thomas Bojan (托马斯·博扬), the author of the report and an expert at Germany Trade & Invest (德国联邦外贸与投资署), said that China continues to rank among the main sources of investment in Germany, and Germany is also the biggest beneficiary of China's investment layout in Europe. He pointed out that Chinese companies are increasingly focusing on renewable energy, battery supply chains, automobiles, medical technology, robotics and other fields, especially software solutions for these industries.
Bojan (博扬) also said that in addition to Germany, Chinese companies' foreign investment activities have also maintained strong growth momentum globally, especially with a significant increase after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Germany Trade & Invest (德国联邦外贸与投资署) is the German government agency responsible for foreign trade and inward investment, providing advice and support to foreign companies entering the German market. The agency publishes a report on foreign companies investing in Germany every year. The projects counted are all greenfield investments or expansion projects, and mergers and acquisitions are not included in the statistics.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 宋亦然
Recently, the Peruvian Export and Tourism Promotion Board released export data for 2024, showing that Peru's total exports for the year reached $74.664 billion USD, an increase of 15.6% year-on-year, with exports accounting for 26.2% of the country's GDP. Peru's Minister of Economy and Finance, José Arista (何塞·萨拉迪), stated that from a medium- to long-term development perspective, Peru's export volume is expected to exceed $100 billion USD, demonstrating strong growth potential.
By industry, Peru's three major non-traditional export industries – agricultural products, metallurgy, and metal processing – performed well in 2024. Among them, agricultural product exports reached $11.6 billion USD, an increase of 21.6% year-on-year. The Chairman of the Peruvian Export and Tourism Promotion Board, Ricardo Limo (里卡多·利莫), stated that non-traditional export industries' revenue reached a record high, accounting for nearly 9% of the country's GDP, which not only injected new impetus into economic growth but also significantly boosted regional employment. In addition, relying on the biodiversity resources of the Andes Mountains and the Amazon region, exports from regions such as Ayacucho (阿亚库乔), Ucayali (乌卡亚利), Puno (普诺), and Cusco (库斯科) achieved rapid growth, with some regions experiencing growth rates of over 100%, becoming new engines driving Peru's foreign trade growth.
In recent years, exports have become increasingly important in Peru's economic development. Peru's Minister of Foreign Trade and Tourism, Juan Carlos Mathews (德西卢·莱昂), emphasized: "Every export container is linked to the vital interests of Peruvian farmers, fishermen, manufacturers, and every practitioner in the industrial chain, carrying numerous jobs and development opportunities." Based on this, the Peruvian government has made promoting exports a key task and has continuously introduced a series of measures.
In 2012, the Peruvian Export and Tourism Promotion Board launched the "Export Route" project to improve enterprise management, accelerate internationalization, and enhance the international competitiveness of small and medium-sized enterprises. The project provides differentiated services based on companies' export experience and actual needs, including basic services in the initial stage and exclusive services for specific products and priority export industries. In 2024, the "Export Route" project provided consulting services to more than 8,000 companies, of which approximately 1,800 companies sold more than 2,900 products to 161 countries and regions, with total exports reaching $24.279 billion USD. At the same time, the Peruvian Export and Tourism Promotion Board conducted 454 promotional training activities nationwide and actively organized companies to participate in international exhibitions, helping companies expand overseas markets.
In addition to policy support, free trade agreements also provide strong support for Peru's export growth. Currently, Peru has signed free trade agreements with 22 countries and regions, creating favorable conditions for its products to enter key markets. In 2024, exports based on these trade agreements reached $64.99 billion USD, accounting for 87% of Peru's total exports, effectively promoting foreign trade development.
The Chinese market occupies an important position in Peru's global trade landscape. The latest report from Peru's Ministry of Foreign Trade and Tourism shows that the total trade between China and Peru in 2024 was $39.758 billion USD, an increase of 10.9% year-on-year. Among them, Peru's exports to China were $25.225 billion USD, an increase of 9.2% year-on-year, with the Chinese market accounting for 34% of Peru's total exports. Data from China's General Administration of Customs shows that from January to March 2025, the total value of imports and exports of goods between China and Peru was $11.378 billion USD, an increase of 8.9% year-on-year. Since 2014, China has been Peru's largest trading partner for 10 consecutive years.
In November 2024, the Port of Chancay (钱凯港), located north of Lima (利马), the capital of Peru, officially opened, further strengthening trade ties between Peru and Asian countries. It is reported that the cargo throughput of the Port of Chancay exceeded $292 million USD in the first three months of operation. In the first month of the opening of the Chancay-Shanghai direct route, the total value of imports and exports from Shanghai ports to Peru reached 4.68 billion RMB, an increase of 46.1% year-on-year. "We have very high expectations for the Chinese market," said Peru's Minister of Interior, Juan José Santiváñez (胡安·何塞·桑蒂瓦涅斯), adding that the Port of Chancay will make Peru an important hub in Latin America and will surely make a huge contribution to the Peruvian economy. With the continuous advancement of economic and trade cooperation between China and Peru, trade between the two countries is expected to usher in broader development prospects.
Return to TopLayout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
Return to TopBy: 黎海超
Public attention to archaeology often focuses on the moment when important new discoveries are unearthed. In reality, "discovery" is just the beginning. The true face of a site gradually emerges through long-term, meticulous follow-up research.
Therefore, new progress has been made in the research of the Sanxingdui Site (三星堆遗址) in Guanghan (广汉), Sichuan (四川), which 一醒惊天下 (yī xǐng jīng tiān xià - "one awakening shocks the world," describes something that suddenly becomes famous and surprises everyone). This edition invites two researchers to share with readers how they are "solving the mysteries" at Sanxingdui (三星堆).
-- Editor
Among the many mysteries surrounding Sanxingdui (三星堆), the "sacrificial pits" are a key term.
These sacrificial pits are concentrated in the late Shang Dynasty (商朝), burying the precious artifacts accumulated over the years at Sanxingdui (三星堆), and many artifacts were deliberately destroyed and burned. After the appearance of the sacrificial pits, the Sanxingdui (三星堆) civilization declined. Archaeologists have tried to "solve the mysteries" from different perspectives and have proposed various speculations.
In some film and television works, in order to restore the crime scene, the police will simulate various possible crime processes. Experimental archaeology also focuses on simulating restoration. The specific forms are very diverse, such as replicating ancient tools and weapons and testing their functions; building ancient-style furnaces for copper and iron smelting experiments, and so on.
Our team cooperated with the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology (四川省文物考古研究院) to carry out a series of experimental archaeological works, systematically revealing the human behavior reflected in the sacrificial pits, such as how the pits were excavated and how long it took; how the excavated soil was piled up and how it was backfilled; how bronzes, jades, etc. were destroyed and in what environment they were burned... Among many experiments, the wood box burning experiment in Pit 6 was the most eye-catching.
Pit 6 is the most special of the 8 sacrificial pits, with a complete, completely carbonized wooden box buried on one side and nothing on the other. This unique burial form clearly expresses a special behavior or event. In order to uncover the secrets hidden in the wooden box, we designed a variety of simulation experiments. The problems to be solved include: Why is the wooden box carbonized but still maintains its complete shape? Did the burning behavior occur inside or outside the pit? When was the cinnabar on the surface of the wooden box painted? Were the exquisite jade knives and silk fabrics found by scientific testing inside the box before or after burning?
Experimental archaeology requires scientific and precise nature. Through identification, we learned that the material of the wooden box is *Pistacia chinensis*. Because *Pistacia chinensis* suitable for making boards is not easy to obtain, the burning experiment consumed a lot of materials. In addition to the *Pistacia chinensis* wooden box, we also used camphor wood, pine wood, etc. to make several wooden boxes with exactly the same size and shape. We painted different thicknesses of cinnabar on different positions of the wooden box to observe the fire conditions, and prepared jade and cloth as items to be placed in the box. Finally, we replicated the experimental pit of the same size and direction according to the pit body of Pit 6.
In the first experiment, we adopted the plan of burning inside the pit and igniting the cloth inside the box. The time was specially chosen at night to observe the visual effect. As the cloth burned, the fire gradually brightened, and the evening breeze slowly blew, pushing the flames in the opposite direction. Before long, the fire weakened, and when the open flame was completely extinguished, we hurried into the pit to check. Unexpectedly, only the inside of the wooden box was burned and carbonized, but the outside was well preserved. The cinnabar that was painted turned to ashes as soon as it was exposed to an open flame. It seems that the cinnabar on the wooden box was not the residue after burning, but perhaps it was applied after the wooden box was carbonized. This kind of behavior is indeed unusual, but precisely because of this, we should consider its possibility of being a sacrifice.
Based on the first experiment, we carried out a plan of burning outside the pit and using dry bamboo as fuel. The fire was more intense in the experiment, and it was almost impossible to do any operation close to it. The wooden box was carbonized throughout, but it was difficult to maintain its structural integrity. However, the constant explosions from the bamboo pile during the burning process made me understand the meaning of "firecrackers" for the first time, and I also realized that the auditory factors in the burning of the sacrificial pits cannot be ignored.
More experiments are still in progress, open flame burning, smoldering carbonization... Each experiment will adjust different variables, and each time there will be new gains. Although such experiments cannot exhaust all possibilities and cannot draw definite conclusions, our understanding is gradually advancing.
The wood box burning is just one of our many restoration experiments. We also conduct research on the functions, craftsmanship, and other issues of various artifacts. For example, precisely replicating copper bells of different sizes with the same alloy composition, and measuring the sound, we found that there is a clear scale sequence between the copper bells. The musical world of the Sanxingdui (三星堆) ancestors is more wonderful than we imagined. Among the pottery, what is the specific function of the three-legged "pottery hot pot" that the public is very concerned about? This requires the joint verification of residue analysis and experimental archaeology.
In the future, with the help of the "time machine" of experimental archaeology, we will definitely see a clearer past.
(The author is a professor at the School of Archaeology and Museology, Sichuan University (四川大学考古文博学院))
Return to TopBy: 赵 昊
The artifact pits in the sacrificial area of the Sanxingdui Ruins (三星堆遗址) have always attracted much attention. In addition to the precious cultural relics unearthed from the pits, the accumulation and formation process of the artifact pits is also worthy of attention. Various relic phenomena and the spatial relationship between artifacts are crucial for us to judge the human behavior when the artifact pits were formed.
Let us stand in the perspective of the ancients to understand the excavation and backfilling process of these sacrificial pits.
First, it is necessary to determine where to dig these pits. The two batches of artifact pits excavated in 1986 and 2020 have obvious correlations and regularity in their plane distribution. The axes of the eight artifact pits are all around 30-36 degrees east of north, which is obviously intentionally set in parallel. This direction is consistent with the direction of the west city wall of the Sanxingdui Great City (三星堆大城) and the north section of the Moon Bay (月亮湾) city wall in the inner city. In addition, the central axis of Building No. 1 of Qingguanshan (青关山) in Sanxingdui also basically follows this direction. It can be basically determined that the artifact pits, city walls, palace buildings and other important remains in the ancient city of Sanxingdui followed the same rules when setting the due direction.
Next, start digging relatively regular square pits. The artifact pits were not made hastily. The pit walls and bottoms are relatively straight. In terms of their regularity, they are basically the same as the "sacrificial pits" in front of ancestral temples and mausoleums in the Central Plains (中原) area during the same period. Before filling the artifacts into each pit, the ancients also carefully classified them, showing two classification logics: "similar in the same group" and "complementary in the same group." For example, Pit No. 2 and Pit No. 3 are "similar in the same group." A large number of large and medium-sized bronzes were placed at the bottom of both pits, and then dozens of ivory were loosely placed on the bronze layer. Pit No. 7 and Pit No. 8 show a "complementary in the same group" relationship. Pit No. 7 has less bronze and more jade, fewer large pieces and more small pieces, while Pit No. 8 is the opposite. In addition, a few large sculpture-like artifacts were dismantled and buried in different pits. For example, fragments of multi-level bronze altars were found in Pits No. 2, 3, 7, and 8. This also means that these pits should have been formed in the same event.
From what we have seen in the excavation, the filling sequence of the artifacts was predetermined. The ancients always put in relatively complete artifacts first, and then filled in ivory, burnt ashes and pure backfill soil in sequence. This also led to relatively clear stratification phenomena in each pit. When filling the artifacts, the ancients did not throw them randomly. For example, in Pit No. 8, which has more than a thousand bronzes and nearly 400 ivory, the ivory and large and medium-sized bronzes were laid flat over the entire artifact pit, and there was no pile-like accumulation phenomenon gathered in one corner.
In addition, there is also a phenomenon of consciously collecting small artifacts. The collection behavior can be divided into various methods such as containing, stacking, stringing, piling, and wrapping. For example, bronze containers such as *zun* (尊), *lei* (罍), and *fou* (瓿) basically contain jade or cowry shells. Some copper containers should have been placed in the pit in an upright state, and tilted during subsequent backfilling activities, causing the cowry shells, copper foil and other artifacts contained in them to be scattered near the mouth of the container. Many jade beads and ivory beads were found gathered together when they were unearthed, and it is very likely that they were strung together when they entered the pit. Textile traces observed on the surface of some bronzes and jades also reflect that there may have been wrapping or bundling.
After filling in the ivory, the ancients filled a large amount of ash produced by burning bamboo and wood outside the pit into all the pits except Pit No. 6. The large-scale burning activities should have occurred outside the pit. The time interval between the burning activities and the transportation and dumping of the ash should be short, and the distance should not be far, so that the ash would not be completely extinguished. Because the ash in Pit No. 8 came into contact with the ivory in the middle of the pit, causing the surface of the ivory to be blackened. The ash layer also contained fragments of copper, gold, jade, stone tools, pottery, and animal bone residue. Finally, the ancients used relatively pure clay to seal the pit opening.
The accumulation and formation process of the artifact pits reflects that this should be a grand ceremony held when completely abandoning the most important sacrificial site in the ancient city of Sanxingdui. The layout, digging, classification, placement, and backfilling processes all showed planning and order. The formation of the artifact pits and the ceremony are closely linked in time, and digging and burying may be the end of the entire ceremony. The burning activities also suggest that this was not a concealment behavior for the purpose of hiding from disaster.
The human behavior reflected in the above details seems to be closer to a mobilization and oath-taking activity like 破釜沉舟 (pò fǔ chén zhōu - "break cauldrons sink boats," to cut off all means of retreat; to be determined to fight to the end) and "abandoning family and property." Combined with the new dating results, the formation age of the artifact pits is concentrated between 1117 and 1012 BC, which is the critical time point before and after the Shang and Zhou dynasty changes in the Central Plains. This important event that occurred in the ancient city of Sanxingdui may be the result of the spread of major historical events in the Central Plains to neighboring areas.
(Author's affiliation: School of Archaeology and Museology, Peking University (北京大学))
Return to TopBy: 傅 晶
In the latter half of the 17th century, tea from the Wuyi Mountains (武夷山) region of China traveled thousands of miles to reach homes across Russia. The Tea Road, flourishing for hundreds of years, witnessed the glorious history of large-scale tea trade between China and the world. This trade route spread tea culture to all continents, enriched the cultural lives of people along the way, and promoted mutual understanding.
Southern fine tea, transported north by boats and carts. China is the origin of tea and one of the first countries in the world to discover and drink tea. Documentary records of tea trading and tea drinking customs appeared as early as the Han Dynasty. By the Tang Dynasty, tea had become a popular beverage throughout the country. At the same time, with the tea-horse trade, political marriages, diplomatic gifts, and religious exchanges during the Tang and Song Dynasties, Chinese tea also began to spread overseas. However, on the whole, from the Tang to the Yuan Dynasties, the production and sale of tea were monopolized by the government and were not the main export trade commodities of China at that time. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the central government relaxed its monopoly on tea, allowing private merchants to openly sell tea. The tea trade flourished, and the Qing Dynasty became a period of unprecedented prosperity in cross-border tea trade. The Tea Road was born in this context, directly promoting Chinese tea to become a global commodity.
The Tea Road started in the tea-producing areas of southern China, transported north by alternating water and land routes, distributed and transshipped through Hankou (汉口) and Zhangjiakou (张家口), passed through Kulun (库伦) (now Ulaanbaatar (乌兰巴托)), and then extended to the ancient Sino-Russian border tea trading port of Kyakhta (恰克图) to complete the transaction, before being sold to Siberia, Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Europe. This route connected the core areas of agricultural civilization and nomadic civilization in the north-south direction of inland East Asia, and extended to Central Asia and Eastern Europe, demonstrating the wide range of influence and radiation of tea in becoming a global commodity.
The Tea Road is not a simple trade route, but a cross-border tea trade system with a complete process. Its trade activities cover all aspects of tea production, manufacturing, packaging, transportation, distribution, trade, and consumption. Its pioneers were mainly Shanxi merchants (晋商).
Shanxi (山西) is located in the middle zone between the Central Plains agricultural area and the northern nomadic area. The harsh natural geographical conditions led the people of Shanxi to choose trade in goods between the north and south as a major industry. At the same time, the "Opening Grain System" (开中制) and "Tea-Horse Law" (茶马法) of the Ming Dynasty gave Shanxi merchants the historical opportunity to develop the southern salt market and enter the northern border towns, greatly expanding the scope of trade and accumulating strong capital. After the Kangxi (康熙) period of the Qing Dynasty, the northern border began to stabilize, and Shanxi merchants traveling to Mongolia quickly penetrated the northwest region and the Mongolian grasslands, among which the largest consumer product was tea. Shanxi merchants flocked to the tea-producing areas of Jiangnan (江南) to invest in tea production, operating a trade route to the Northwest, the Mongolian grasslands, and Russia.
Shanxi merchants also introduced their established draft bank business into the Tea Road, supporting the efficient operation of cross-cultural and long-distance trade on the Tea Road. Conversely, the Tea Road trade also promoted the prosperity of the early financial industry. When the Tea Road was blocked by the Taiping Rebellion (太平天国运动), Shanxi merchants sized up the situation, vigorously developed the tea-producing areas of Hunan and Hubei, and ensured the smooth flow of the tea route.
As a large-scale cultural route heritage, the operation and functioning of the Tea Road had a profound impact on the layout, function, and type of towns, transportation, and architecture along the route, reflecting the impact of modern commercial civilization on traditional agricultural civilization.
Towns along the Tea Road saw the emergence of blocks with trade and service as their main functions, directly affecting the original town pattern and even causing the transformation of regional core functions. On the one hand, tea merchants made full use of and integrated the original mature transportation network, and on the other hand, they actively developed and improved the transportation system, such as the Shuifenguan (分水关) section of the ancient Fujian-Jiangxi post road in Wuyi Mountain (武夷山), the Dazhimen Railway Station (大智门火车站) in Hankou (汉口), the Sheqi (社旗) water and land transshipment wharf, and the Taihangxing (太行陉) at the junction of Shanxi and Henan, greatly promoting the prosperity of the Tea Road transportation industry. With the improvement and modernization of the tea trade system, large tea factories, modern banks, customs and other emerging building types also appeared along the Tea Road, such as the Anhua First Tea Factory (安化第一茶厂), the modern Russian architectural complex in Hankou (汉口俄商近代建筑群), and the Jianghan Customs House (江汉关大楼).
The Tea Road trade was accompanied by economic, social, and cultural exchanges between multiple regions. For example, in important node towns along the Tea Road, temples of Taoism (especially the belief in Guan Yu (关帝信仰)), Buddhism, Islam, etc. generally coexisted, presenting a diverse religious and cultural exchange.
The historical wisdom of the Tea Road is worth exploring, excavating, and inheriting by contemporary people, and it plays a significant role in helping civilizational dialogue, trade exchanges, regional interaction, and common development.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 杨文明
Inside the Yunnan Forest Fire Brigade, there is an intangible cultural heritage exhibition hall. Bai ethnic tie-dye, Dai ethnic brocade, Wutong Zouyin (乌铜走银), Jianchuan wood carving – diverse cultures converge here, but there is only one theme: the northward migration and southward return of wild elephants.
In late May 2021, the Special Task Force of the Yunnan Forest Fire Brigade received a special mission: monitoring the wild Asian elephant herd. For 17 months and 1,300 kilometers, China's measures to protect and guard the elephants became a hot topic online, receiving attention and praise from netizens around the world. The monitoring mission preserved "several terabytes of videos and tens of thousands of pictures." How can this story of biodiversity conservation be better preserved and continuously disseminated?
Yunnan, as a major province of intangible cultural heritage, has 127 national-level intangible cultural heritage items and nearly 700 provincial-level items. "Let's use Yunnan's intangible cultural heritage to tell the story of Yunnan's elephants!" The fire brigade spent two years working with many representative inheritors of intangible cultural heritage to "tell the story of biodiversity conservation with cultural diversity."
Today, the exhibition hall contains more than 50 intangible cultural heritage works. Collecting them was no easy task. From searching online and listing target projects in a table, to contacting representative inheritors and discussing work planning, Ru Longjun (茹龙俊), a third-level commander of the Education and Publicity Department of the Fire Brigade, and his colleagues went to Kunming (昆明), Lijiang (丽江), Pu'er (普洱), and other places, visiting almost every representative inheritor of intangible cultural heritage on the list, telling them the story and expressing their ideas face-to-face. "As soon as they heard our idea, they readily agreed, and some even refused to accept the cost of materials," said Ru Longjun. "They also spontaneously helped us connect with more representative inheritors to enrich the types of works."
The exhibition hall was completed, using "metal, wood, earth, stone, and cloth" as media to integrate ethnic cultural creativity with the story of tracking and protecting elephants. Works of varying sizes and crafts gathered together, mostly carvings and embroideries that can carry stories. The largest work in the exhibition hall is the 6.85-meter-long and 1.85-meter-wide Yi embroidery "Northern Journey Time" (北游时光). Chuxiong Yi ethnic embroidery is the second batch of intangible cultural heritage in Yunnan Province, and its representative inheritor, Luo Jun (罗珺), readily agreed upon receiving the invitation. Ten embroiderers embroidered non-stop for three months, finally completing this Yi embroidery, which is now carefully arranged in the center of the exhibition hall.
Since the opening of the exhibition hall, tourists have been making reservations to visit in a continuous stream. Dali Bai ethnic tie-dye "Deep Motherly Love" (母爱情深), cloisonné enamel painting "Where My Heart Is, Is My Home" (吾心安处是故乡), Jianshui purple pottery "Short-Nosed Family" (短鼻家族)... leave tourists dazzled. Many tourists came only to track the elephants, but when they left, they also fell in love with Yunnan's intangible cultural heritage.
Not only tourists came, but also many representative inheritors of intangible cultural heritage. The stone shadow carving named "All the Way North" (一路向北) was voluntarily sent by Qian Sanmao (钱三毛), a master of stone shadow carving in Yunnan Province. Seeing the stone shadow carving placed securely, Qian Sanmao left with peace of mind. Since the opening of the exhibition hall, more than 10 representative inheritors have sent their works, attracted by the reputation, and the number of collections in the exhibition hall is still growing.
When traditional Chinese culture and elephants join hands across time and space, when the endearing image of elephants leaps onto paper and objects, cultural diversity becomes a "catalyst" for promoting biodiversity conservation.
Return to TopBy: 鲁 颖
A millennium of Danqing painting, reflecting ancient and modern times; all living things gather together. "Harmony of All Life: Special Exhibition of Animal-themed Paintings from the Collection of the Palace Museum" is currently on display in the Wenhua Hall of the Palace Museum (故宫博物院).
The exhibition theme "Harmony of All Life" comes from the Warring States period thinker Xunzi's (荀子) "On Heaven" (《天论》): "All things obtain their harmony to live, and each obtains its nourishment to grow," which contains the values of pursuing harmony, respecting rules, and being inclusive. This exhibition is the first concentrated display of the Palace Museum's (故宫博物院) rich collection in the field of animal-themed paintings, with a total of 117 paintings from the Five Dynasties to the Qing Dynasty on display.
Animal painting has a long history. Early rock paintings, painted pottery, and tomb murals all contain animal images depicted and created by ancient people. After the Sui, Tang, and Five Dynasties, with the maturity of scroll painting, famous painters specializing in depicting animals began to emerge continuously. Animal-themed painting belongs to the "Flower and Bird" category, which is further divided into "Plumage," "Beasts," "Grass Insects," "Dragon Fish," and "Scaled Creatures."
The exhibition is divided into 3 units. The first unit, "Hundred Birds Singing in Spring," brings together excellent works. During the Five Dynasties period, the two masters Huang Quan (黄筌) and Xu Xi (徐熙) were famous for their meticulous and exquisite realistic paintings and ink-washed freehand paintings, respectively, and developed the two major styles of "Huang Family Richness" and "Xu Xi Wildness." Later generations of flower and bird painters used this as a basis, constantly developing and intermingling with each other. This unit is led by Huang Quan's (黄筌) "Sketch of Rare Birds," including Cui Bai's (崔白) refined and detached, witty and lively "Sparrows in Winter," Emperor Huizong of Song's (宋徽宗) "Hibiscus and Golden Pheasant," Zhao Mengfu's (赵孟頫) "Secluded Bamboo and Hoopoe" with calligraphic interest... Illustrations from art history textbooks are presented before our eyes.
The second unit, "Hundred Beasts Dancing." The Book of Documents (《尚书》) has the saying "Strike the stone and pat the stone, and the hundred beasts dance," which later generations mostly used as a symbol of peace and tranquility within the country. With the ancient people's imagination running wild, mythical beasts such as the Qilin and Bai Ze were also born. They were regarded as auspicious omens, representing good wishes. In this unit, Mao Yi's (毛益) (attributed) "Cattle Herding" of the Southern Song Dynasty shows a pastoral scenery, Li Di's (李迪) "Hunting Dogs" of the Southern Song Dynasty is heroic and vigorous, and the Qing Dynasty Manchu painter Arpei's (阿尔粺) "Crouching Tiger" is awe-inspiring, as if ready to pounce and hunt at any time. There is also the Qing Dynasty court painter Giuseppe Castiglione's (郎世宁) "Ten Thousand Auspicious Horses," painted in the same size ratio as real horses, located in the center of the exhibition hall. The steed in the picture looks back, giving the viewer a strong visual shock.
The third unit, "Hundred Forms of Life." Insects are the largest group of species on Earth. "Scaled Creatures" is the ancient term for aquatic and reptiles with scales and shells on their bodies, covering dragons, fish, turtles, snakes, lizards, crabs, clams, shells, etc. Although "Grass Insects" and "Scaled Creatures" are relatively small categories in animal painting, they involve a wide range of objects, with different habits and full of fun, highlighting the painter's life interest and aesthetic taste. Zhao Chang's (赵昌) (attributed) "Sketch of Butterflies" of the Northern Song Dynasty is exquisite and elegant, Jian Baizi's (坚白子) "Grass Insects" of the Yuan Dynasty is clear and sparse, and Chen Kejiu's (陈可久) (attributed) "Spring Stream Aquatic Animals" of the Song Dynasty is full of life, all conveying the painter's aesthetic conception of "observing the heaven, earth, and all things to create life."
The Palace Museum's (故宫博物院) collection of animal-themed paintings from past dynasties is like a "Biography of Living Things" painted with brush and ink, reflecting the Chinese people's observation, understanding, and empathy for nature and all things.
(Author's unit: Palace Museum (故宫博物院))
Return to TopBy: 王晓琨 张文瑞
News of scholars using technological means to restore images of shell paintings unearthed from the Zhongshan State (中山国) tombs of the Warring States period in Qinglian Village (青廉村), Lingshou County (灵寿县), Hebei Province (河北省), has attracted attention. Although the original images were severely damaged, the restored figures are lifelike and the composition is mature and exquisite. By exploring the connection between the headdresses and clothing of the figures and other unearthed cultural relics of the Zhongshan State (中山国), the face of the Zhongshan State (中山国) more than 2,000 years ago becomes more vivid.
This is a scientific research achievement rescued from dusty archaeological data.
Hebei (河北) has many archaeological sites, but for a long time, due to limitations in manpower and material resources, many precious archaeological materials have not been sorted and published in a timely manner, like treasures locked in a dark box.
On the one hand, a large amount of data is backlogged in archaeological research institutions. On the other hand, the thesis writing of teachers and students majoring in archeology in universities is often stretched due to a lack of materials. Why don't the two join hands? The Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology (河北省文物考古研究院) (formerly the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics (河北省文物研究所)) has launched a remarkable transformation in data organization.
In January 2018, six master students from the Department of Archeology and Museology of Renmin University of China (中国人民大学) came to the Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics (河北省文物研究所) in Luquan (鹿泉) sorting base in the western suburbs of Shijiazhuang (石家庄).
To cooperate with the construction of the Shuohuang Railway (朔黄铁路), from 1997 to 1998, archaeologists carried out rescue excavations of the Qinglian (青廉) Warring States and Han Dynasty tomb groups, excavating a total of 415 tombs and obtaining more than 3,000 burial objects of various types, including pottery, stone, jade, agate, crystal, copper, and iron. During the same period, the archaeological team also carried out rescue excavations of the Gangbei (岗北) Eastern Zhou cemetery in Lingshou County (灵寿县), excavating a total of 165 tombs. However, the end of the last century was the busiest time for archaeologists. They moved from one rescue excavation site to another at railways, gas pipelines, the Three Gorges Reservoir area, and the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, one project after another. The organization of many field materials was delayed again and again, and the data accumulated more and more. This organization first started with the organization of the archaeological report on the Zhongshan State (中山国) tombs, which is the most distinctive feature of Hebei (河北).
The sorting process is arduous. Since 2018, more than 300 students from more than 10 universities have participated in the organization of cultural relic data at the Luquan (鹿泉) base, for as little as two or three weeks, or as long as ten weeks, with the longest time spent in Luquan (鹿泉) for more than a year. While sorting out the data, the students used the data to write papers, treating the base as a second classroom, and achieved fruitful results.
功夫不负有心人 (gōng fū bù fù yǒu xīn rén - "efforts will not fail those who put their heart into it," meaning hard work pays off). In 2020, the "Excavation Report of Ancient Zhongshan State (古中山国) Tombs in the Pingshan Section of the Shuohuang Railway (朔黄铁路平山段古中山国墓葬发掘报告)" was published. In 2024, the "Archaeological Excavation Report of Gangbei (岗北) Cemetery in Lingshou (灵寿), Hebei (河北)" was published. The "Archaeological Excavation Report of Qinglian (青廉) Cemetery in Hebei (河北)" and the "Excavation Report of Guantai West Cizhou Kiln Site (观台西磁州窑址) in 1960" and other heavyweight archaeological reports are also being published one after another.
The cooperation between universities and research institutions has produced a win-win effect. The backlog of archaeological materials has been sorted out, which helps to promote related cultural research. The Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology (河北省文物考古研究院) has initially built a database of cultural relic resources. Since 2018, more than 18,000 unearthed cultural relics from more than 10 sites have been entered into the database at the Luquan (鹿泉) sorting base. Cultural relics have been transformed into digital resources, providing convenience for researchers.
The entire process of data organization also helps universities cultivate students. Starting from the restoration of artifacts, experiencing drawing, photography, making cards, distinguishing types, phasing queues, and writing reports, students accumulate rich experience from it.
More importantly, after the archaeological report is published, the artifacts are transferred to local cultural relics departments or museums, which greatly enriches the exhibitions of small and medium-sized museums. At present, more than 10,000 cultural relics have been transferred to museums, cultural relics preservation institutes and other institutions in various places.
The "university-local collaboration" model has achieved a series of important results, which not only consolidates the academic foundation, but also builds a bridge between archaeological achievements and the public.
(The authors' affiliations are Renmin University of China (中国人民大学) and Hebei Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archeology (河北省文物考古研究院), respectively.)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 侯露露 屈 佩 杨文明
Opening Remarks
The surrounding areas are an important foundation for China to achieve development and prosperity, a key focus for maintaining national security, a priority for planning overall diplomacy, and crucial for promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. The history of friendly exchanges between China and its neighboring countries is a vivid history of mutual learning between civilizations, containing deep friendship that "endures through all seasons and becomes stronger through adversity," constantly showing new vitality in the new era.
Starting today, this newspaper launches the "Borderland Chronicles" column, which will tell stories of cultural exchange, people-to-people connectivity, and economic and trade exchanges between China and its neighboring countries through on-the-ground interviews in prefectures, cities, and leagues in China's land border areas, witnessing the practice of China and its neighboring countries adhering to the principles of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness, and jointly opening a new chapter of shared destiny.
Speaking of deep mountains, people often associate them with the meaning of "remote" and "closed," especially in the depths of the Hengduan Mountains (横断山脉) in Southwest China.
However, Heshun (和顺), a border town in Baoshan (保山) City, Yunnan (云南) Province, is quite the opposite. With a registered population of only 7,000, it has more than 30,000 overseas Chinese living in more than 10 countries and regions such as Myanmar, Thailand, the United States, and Canada, and is known as the "No. 1 Overseas Chinese Township in Southwest China."
The reporter came to this small town in western Yunnan and felt an extraordinary cultural atmosphere. It used to be an important post where merchants from all over the world gathered, and the Southwest Silk Road passed through it. In the long river of history, the people of Heshun relied on mules and horses to transport goods, opened shops overseas, and brought back goods from all over the world, as well as science, technology, culture, and open ideas, creating a brilliant Silk Road overseas Chinese township.
In the past, going to foreign lands; today, looking at opening up
Heshun (和顺), under the jurisdiction of Tengchong (腾冲), Yunnan (云南), was formerly known as "Yang Wenden (阳温暾)." More than 600 years ago, during the Hongwu (洪武) reign of the Ming Dynasty (明朝), soldiers from Sichuan (川) and Hunan (湘) came from afar to set up guards and garrison the border, "three parts military service, seven parts farming," and gradually took root and multiplied. It is said that when they arrived in this southwestern borderland, it was winter, and the sun shone on the dam, making it warm, so it was named "Yang Wenden (阳温暾)." Later, because the Sanhe River (三合河) winds around the village, it was renamed "Heshun Township (河顺乡)." After that, it was renamed "Heshun Township (和顺乡)," meaning "harmony between officials and people."
"In my hometown / the world is small / and thin, I have to / because my family is poor / I have to go,
Handling cotton / buying jewelry / selling it back home, this is / my hometown people / a plan for food and clothing..."
After retiring, Li Jidong (李继东) likes to read this "Preface to Yang Wenden (阳温暾小引)" with his little granddaughter at home. He is a native of Heshun (和顺) and a cultural person. His greatest hobby is studying the history of Heshun (和顺) and Tengchong (腾冲). He has participated in the writing of "Historical Tales of Tengchong (腾冲史话)" and other books.
To the northwest of Heshun (和顺) is Myanmar, which is rich in products and produces gems and amber. "With the continuous reproduction of the population, the contradiction of insufficient arable land has become increasingly prominent, and the people of Heshun (和顺) have begun to do business in Myanmar, India, and other neighboring countries." Li Jidong (李继东) said that "Preface to Yang Wenden (阳温暾小引)" is a guide for the people of western Yunnan (滇西) to do business in Myanmar and other countries at that time - which the people of Heshun (和顺) call "going to foreign lands."
The Tengchong (腾冲) area (formerly known as "Tengyue (腾越)") where Heshun (和顺) is located has always been an important hub of the Southwest Silk Road. As early as the 4th century BC, caravans carrying Shu (蜀) cloth, silk, and lacquerware entered Yunnan (云南) from the Sichuan (川) area, crossed the Gaoligong Mountains (高黎贡山) in the direction of western Yunnan (滇西), and then went west to Tengyue (腾越) to reach Myanmar, India, Afghanistan, and other countries - this road is also known as the "Shu-Shendu Road (蜀身毒道)" (India was called "Shendu (身毒)" in ancient times), which is the Southwest Silk Road.
For thousands of years, mules and horses have transported countless materials on this ancient road. American journalist Edgar Snow (埃德加·斯诺) described the ancient road in western Yunnan (滇西) in his book "Mule Caravan Travel (马帮旅行)" in 1931. The book mentions that he encountered many mule caravans on his way from Dali (大理) to Tengchong (腾冲). The leader of the mule caravan "rode a vigorous pony, wearing a soft leather hat with a pheasant feather inserted in the brim, looking like a hero."
A set of data confirms Snow's description. At the beginning of the 20th century, more than 10,000 mules and horses and goods from more than 30 countries flowed on this ancient road every day; more than 60 of the nearly 100 shops founded by the people of Heshun (和顺) were multinational shops, with branches all over major commercial ports in China and South Asia and Southeast Asia. "Silk and agricultural products from the mainland are sold to Myanmar, and European 'foreign goods,' cotton and jade from Myanmar are sold to China." Li Jidong (李继东) said.
Even today, in many places in Myanmar and Thailand, you can still see the remains of old shops, factories, hospitals, and schools founded by the people of Heshun (和顺). After the reform and opening up, there is an endless flow of materials and personnel. With the prosperity of trade and cultural integration, Tengchong (腾冲) is still one of the bridges connecting China with South Asia and Southeast Asia.
Cultural inclusiveness forms the beauty of Heshun, and civilization exchange brings the light of wisdom
Walking into Heshun (和顺), you can see rows of white-walled and black-tiled houses built on the mountains, with different heights, and the alleys paved with volcanic stones are crisscrossed. There are more than 100 ancient houses in Heshun (和顺), many of which were built from the Qianlong (乾隆) period and eventually formed a huge residential building complex.
The "Flower Gate (花大门)" of the Yin (尹) family is located in it. The "Flower Gate (花大门)" is named for its beautiful and complex gate tower design. The owner, Mr. Yin Xianzhang (尹宪章), is 80 years old this year. He took us to visit the furnishings in his home: an Italian clock hangs on the wall of the living room, a British sewing machine is placed in a corner of the room, the iron railings on the balcony are also from the United Kingdom, and there is a German gas stove in the cabinet.
"When I was a child, I always saw my grandfather using this gas stove to boil water for tea." Yin Xianzhang (尹宪章) lived in Myanmar with his father when he was a child. His grandfather started his business in Myanmar with a small business and later co-founded the "Baoshenghe (宝盛和)" shop with his fellow villagers. Several generations relied on their own efforts to build a three-story house back home.
The people of Heshun (和顺) have a saying: "Roman clock, British door, Czech lampshade, German basin." A house is filled with goods from all over the world. These people of Heshun (和顺) who "go to foreign lands" use their hard-earned money to buy "foreign goods" back to their hometown, which is also a deep imprint left by Sino-foreign exchanges on Heshun (和顺). Architecture, diet, language, clothing... The "combination of Chinese and Western" life is the daily life of the people of Heshun (和顺), and it is also a witness to cultural inclusiveness and mutual learning between civilizations.
In those years, the people of Heshun (和顺) who "went out" also "brought back" many advanced technologies and ideas. They carried lead printing machines and lithographic printing machines back to China and opened printing bureaus; they donated money to establish overseas Chinese middle schools - Yiqun Middle School (益群中学); in order to break the Swedish and Japanese monopoly on matches, they built their own Chinese match factory...
Walking into the collection room of the Heshun (和顺) Library, the yellowed books seem to take people back to the depths of history. "The people of Heshun (和顺) who went abroad saw the development of the world and realized the importance of education, so they spontaneously donated money to build a library in their hometown." Cun Yu (寸宇), the curator of the Heshun (和顺) Library, said.
In the years after the establishment of the library, Heshun (和顺) was the news release center and propaganda center for the Anti-Japanese War in Tengchong (腾冲) and even neighboring counties. In order to meet the needs of the people of Heshun (和顺) to "see the world," the library also started a newspaper. From simple telegrams to the "Tengyue Daily (腾越日报)," many news items were "printed overnight" by the library staff at that time after listening to them on the radio.
Li Shengzhuang (李生庄), the founder of the "Tengyue Daily (腾越日报)," once served as the second curator of the Heshun (和顺) Library. His younger brother is Ai Siqi (艾思奇), the author of "Popular Philosophy (大众哲学)." The achievements of the two brothers are inseparable from the strong cultural atmosphere of the overseas Chinese township. "The people of Heshun (和顺) naturally have an international perspective." Cun Yu (寸宇) said that the integration and collision of diverse cultures has given the people of Heshun (和顺) a broader perspective, which has led generations of Heshun (和顺) people to leave their hometown and go to the world.
Promote more economic and trade cooperation and cultivate more cultural envoys
Today, in the old house of "Flower Gate (花大门)," Yin Xianzhang's (尹宪章) son, Yin Cangding (尹沧鼎), has opened a homestay. "In recent years, the government has encouraged the development of tourism. We have renovated the old house and modernized it to welcome guests, and the business is very good."
"The hotel is very beautiful, and the owner's family has lived in this house for nearly two centuries." A Dutch tourist who stayed at the "Flower Gate (花大门)" homestay for two nights left such a comment on the travel website. The homestay converted from this old house has a high score of 4.7 on the travel website.
"Compared with our ancestors, the people of Heshun (和顺) now live a better life and no longer 'go to foreign lands' because of poverty. Young people now go out to see a bigger world." Yin Cangding (尹沧鼎) showed us the family tree, and this family spanning two centuries now has nearly 100 people living overseas. When there are major events in the family, family members from overseas will return to Heshun (和顺).
In the Heshun (和顺) Library, "Heshun Township (和顺乡)" is placed on the display table on the first floor. This magazine has a history of nearly a century and is still being published. Whenever a new issue of the magazine is published, the staff will send many copies to overseas Chinese.
Li Zuqing (李祖清) is a loyal reader of "Heshun Township (和顺乡)" and also one of the authors. As a third-generation Chinese born in Mandalay (曼德勒) City, Myanmar, Li Zuqing (李祖清) has spent most of his life promoting Sino-Myanmar cultural exchange and educational cooperation - founding the Fuqing School (福庆学校) in Mandalay (曼德勒), Myanmar, opening the first Confucius Classroom (孔子课堂) in Myanmar, and opening 56 Chinese teaching points in five provinces and two states in Myanmar, enrolling students from the society, with more than 5,000 students.
The "Overseas Hometown Voice (海外乡音)" column of "Heshun Township (和顺乡)" often publishes articles by Li Zuqing (李祖清), such as "New Mission of Myanmar Chinese Education (缅华教育新使命)," which talks about cultivating bridge envoys who are proficient in Chinese and Myanmar culture. "People-to-people exchanges must be two-way, so that Myanmar people understand China, and Chinese people understand Myanmar. This is the responsibility of us Myanmar Chinese, and it is our mission!"
World Tengchong (腾冲), world Heshun (和顺). Today, Tengchong (腾冲), where Heshun (和顺) is located, has the national first-class port of Houqiao Port (猴桥口岸), as well as three provincial-level border crossings in Diantan (滇滩), Zizhi (自治), and Danzha (胆扎). It is still an important frontier for economic and trade cooperation and cultural exchange between China and surrounding areas.
At Houqiao Port (猴桥口岸), about 70 kilometers northwest of Heshun (和顺), the reporter saw fully loaded trucks coming and going, exporting fresh fruits such as bananas and watermelons from Myanmar to China, and also transporting department stores and building materials produced in China to Myanmar. After the upgrading and reconstruction of the secondary highway from Houqiao Port (猴桥口岸) to Myitkyina (密支那) City, Myanmar, the driving time for the 200-kilometer journey has been shortened from the original 8 hours to about 3 hours, making the flow of materials and personnel more convenient.
The ancient road winds and the mule bells are far away. From mule and horse transport across mountains and ridges to well-connected highways, Heshun Ancient Town (和顺古镇) has written a history of Sino-foreign civilization dialogue spanning hundreds of years. When the setting sun gilds the eaves of the Heshun (和顺) Library, the melody of the mule caravan song and Myanmar folk songs are intertwined in the alleys, and this overseas Chinese township in the depths of the mountains is still writing a new chapter of cultural exchange.
(Reporters Zhu Sixiong (朱思雄), Zhang Yuannan (张远南), Liu Lingling (刘玲玲), and Li Maoying (李茂颖) participated in the writing)
Link: Baoshan (保山), Yunnan (云南)
Baoshan (保山) City is located in western Yunnan (云南) Province. It is a land transportation hub for China to reach South Asia and Southeast Asia. It is one of the earliest developed areas in Yunnan (云南) Province. Tengchong (腾冲) City is one of the important birthplaces of modern industry and commerce in Yunnan (云南).
Baoshan (保山) is also one of the key overseas Chinese townships in the country and the area with the largest number of overseas Chinese in Yunnan (云南) Province. At present, the total resident population of Baoshan (保山) City is more than 2.4 million, while there are 504,000 overseas Chinese from Baoshan (保山), distributed in more than 30 countries and regions such as Myanmar and Thailand. In recent years, Baoshan's (保山) overseas Chinese affairs work has taken kinship and hometown feelings as a link to widely contact overseas Chinese, and through holding overseas Chinese friendship symposiums, consolation performances, and "Overseas Chinese Love and Brightness Action (侨爱心·光明行)" and other activities, it has gathered the hearts of overseas Chinese, enhanced friendship, and expanded the influence of the overseas Chinese township.
Return to TopBy: 刘玲玲
A country or region's opening up to the outside world begins with the opening up of its people, especially the opening up of their minds. If people's minds are imprisoned and their hearts are closed, there can be no true opening up to the outside world.
Heshun (和顺), a small border town in western Yunnan (滇西) located deep in the mountains, has become the "No. 1 Overseas Chinese Town in Southwest China (西南第一侨乡)," inseparable from the generations of Heshun (和顺) people who dared to "look outward" and "go to foreign lands." The echoes of foreign languages came in the sounds of the caravan bells, the window lattices with Nanyang (南洋) flavors were hung next to the ancestral hall plaques, and the "Western goods" carried back on horseback were placed in the "three squares and one screen wall" courtyards... The people of Heshun (和顺) have opened up a channel for cultural exchange and economic and trade exchanges among the mountains, cultivating an open mind and an inclusive spirit.
It is this vision and mind that has formed Heshun's (和顺) character, characterized by openness and inclusiveness, for thousands of years, driving Heshun (和顺) people to leave their hometowns and go to the world, creating a "harmonious world (天下和顺)." Although the town is small, it has the largest rural library in the country; although there are not many people, more than 30,000 overseas Chinese live all over the world.
Being in the "inland" but not "introverted," living in the "depths" can also be "far-reaching." What Heshun (和顺) reflects is the concept of openness that is increasingly integrated into the blood of more than 1.4 billion Chinese people. An open China (中国) will continue to be the "living room" for world cultural exchange and the "connector" for global cooperation.
Return to TopLayout Design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
Illustration: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 武少民 李家鼎
With the continuous deepening of urbanization, some old urban areas are increasingly facing a complex situation of high population density, strong personnel mobility, concentration of old houses and old residential areas, and the intertwined problems of absent property management and residents' self-governance. How to improve the sense of gain and happiness of the masses at their doorstep through effective governance has become a must-answer question for governors.
Since 2024, Hebei District (河北区), Tianjin (天津市) has actively adapted to the new situation of urban development, new tasks of grassroots governance, and new needs of the masses, solidly promoted the project of strengthening the foundation and empowering the grassroots, further enhanced the political and organizational functions of grassroots party organizations, and continuously improved the governance level of the masses' "doorstep affairs."
Organizations Built at the Doorstep
Setting up Party Branches in Vegetable Markets Allows People to "Carry Happiness" in Their Vegetable Baskets
At 6 a.m., the Yijing Vegetable Market (宜景菜市场) in Tiedong Road Street (铁东路街道), Hebei District (河北区) is already bustling. The red signs of "党员示范岗" ("Party Member Demonstration Post") in front of the stalls are particularly eye-catching. Cheng Xiaofei (程肖飞) is putting bags of pre-packaged grains on the shelves. He said, "With the identity of a Party member displayed, we must be more strict in controlling the quality of goods."
The clean and orderly standardized vegetable market in front of us was once a well-known messy market. When the market was upgraded and renovated in 2018, Party building instructor Bian Wenjun (边文君) entered the market with a mission. According to his recollection, "At that time, 80% of the merchants were migrant workers, the market environment was dirty and messy, vegetable leaves were everywhere, and customer complaints continued."
"The vegetable market is an important place for people's livelihood, and whether it is orderly is related to the people's sense of gain and happiness," said Gao Liang (高亮), Deputy Minister of the Organization Department of the Hebei District (河北区委组织部) Party Committee in charge of daily work. In recent years, Hebei District (河北区) has carried out a project to enhance the Party building leadership of vegetable markets, focusing on creating a vegetable market where Party members and the masses are united, enterprises and merchants are warm-hearted, and residents are at ease. Specifically, the market Party organization takes the lead, Party members and merchants are linked, and attention is also paid to including the Party member负责人 of the vegetable market management in the leadership of the Party organization. Party building work guidance stations are built in each vegetable market, and full-time Party affairs workers from "two new" organizations are selected to serve at the stations.
"How can the market Party organization play a role?" Cheng Xiaofei (程肖飞) was initially full of doubts. But when he saw Party member merchants taking the lead in posting "卫生自检表" ("Hygiene Self-Inspection Forms") and actively cleaning up the garbage in front of their doors, he gradually changed his mind. "They really treat this place like their own living room." Inspired by them, Cheng Xiaofei (程肖飞) submitted an application to join the Party in 2019.
Now in Yijing Vegetable Market (宜景菜市场), the 8 Party members include both managers and Party member merchants like Cheng Xiaofei (程肖飞). Fruit stall owner Liu Xin (刘辛), a post-90s Party member who was newly developed, always has a convenience medicine box and a shared power bank in front of his stall. "The identity of a Party member is not a sign, but a responsibility," said the young man from Xuzhou (徐州), Jiangsu (江苏).
"In the past, we competed to see who had the loudest voice, but now we compete to see who has the best service." Bian Wenjun (边文君) opened his work log, recording the changes in the market: hygiene complaints decreased by 92%, customer return rate increased to 85%, and 14 merchants actively submitted applications to join the Party.
Currently, all 15 vegetable markets in Hebei District (河北区) have established Party branches, and Party member stalls "亮身份、亮承诺、亮服务" ("show their identity, show their commitment, show their service"), and more than 280 Party members, active applicants, and applicants for Party membership have been included in the ranks of showing their identity, allowing people to "carry happiness" in their vegetable baskets - integrity disputes in vegetable markets throughout the district have decreased by more than 30%, residents' satisfaction with the market has reached 92%, and the market transaction volume has increased by more than 15% compared with before.
Resources Gathered at the Doorstep
New Employment Groups and Community Party Organizations Achieve "Two-Way Rush"
Under the night, Meituan (美团) rider Xiao Zexuan (校泽轩) is riding an electric bicycle through the buildings. When he reached the gate of a community in Wangchuanchang Street (王串场街道), "clunk," the electric bicycle jolted. He got off the bicycle to check, "The manhole cover is loose!" Xiao Zexuan (校泽轩) quickly took out his mobile phone to take pictures and upload them to the "驿警巡逻队" ("Post Police Patrol Team") WeChat group.
"The next day I passed this community again and found that the manhole cover had been repaired," Xiao Zexuan (校泽轩) said with a smile, this is not the first time he has participated in eliminating safety hazards. "We travel through the streets and alleys every day, and we are both food deliverymen and safety hazard investigators," said Xiao Zexuan (校泽轩).
In Hebei District (河北区), riders like Xiao Zexuan (校泽轩) who actively participate in grassroots governance are not an isolated case. Zhang Yan (张言), Secretary of the Party Committee and Director of the Neighborhood Committee of Huanyu Li Community (焕玉里社区), Wangchuanchang Street (王串场街道), introduced that the community has strengthened Party building leadership, relying on the first Party branch of new employment groups in Hebei District (河北区), and absorbed more than 120 riders and couriers from surrounding stations, transforming them into "mobile probes" to participate in grassroots governance.
"This is actually a 'two-way rush' between us and the community Party organization." Shi Horen (施厚任), Deputy Station Manager of Meituan (美团) Wangchuanchang Station (王串场站), led reporters to a "驿路有爱" ("Post Road Full of Love") station on the street, which is equipped with emergency medicines, microwave ovens, water dispensers and other supplies. He said, "Registered riders can enter by swiping their faces, and the items are very practical, which makes us feel the community's full of care."
Wherever the needs of new employment groups are, the tentacles of Party building services extend to. In recent years, Hebei District (河北区) has promoted the "暖新十五条" ("15 Warm New Measures") for new employment groups, creating a "十分到家" ("Very Home") service circle and 272 "驿路有爱" ("Post Road Full of Love") stations. It has also jointly built a "骑手门诊" ("Rider Clinic") with the Second Hospital of Tianjin (天津市第二医院) to provide riders with exclusive registration channels and free clinic services.
In fact, this is just a microcosm of gathering resources at the doorstep of the masses. Gao Liang (高亮) introduced that Hebei District (河北区) has accurately identified the combination of Party building work and business and residential development. The Party committees of all communities in the district and the Party organizations of organs, enterprises, public institutions, social organizations, etc. in the jurisdiction have determined 1-2 co-construction projects to promote community construction micro-renewal, volunteer services and other heart-warming projects.
In Wanghailou Street (望海楼街道), Li Meidi (李美迪), Secretary of the Party Committee and Director of the Neighborhood Committee of Kunyun Li Community (昆云里社区), led reporters into the "移动爱家便民坊" ("Mobile Love Home Convenience Workshop") - which used to be a vacant house and has now been transformed into an intelligent service complex. After China Mobile Tianjin Branch (中国移动天津分公司) entered through the "社区合伙人" ("Community Partner") mechanism, it not only provides broadband free clinics and smart elderly care product experience, but also injects 50% of the sales of cultural and creative products into the community fund to help disadvantaged groups.
In addition, Kunyun Li Community (昆云里社区) has also introduced innovative and creative projects and third-party organizations such as social organizations, and provides courses such as flower arrangement, dance, Chinese painting, calligraphy, and intangible cultural heritage production in a "volunteer + low compensation" business model to enrich the lives of residents.
Contradictions Resolved at the Doorstep
"Sunshine Property Management" Reshapes the Bond of Trust Between Property Management and Owners
In the twilight, Li Guiqin (李桂琴), a 74-year-old resident of Haiyun Jiayuan Community (海韵家园小区) in Ludi Li Community (律笛里社区), Hongshunli Street (鸿顺里街道), is leisurely walking on the smooth asphalt road. "Can you imagine? A few years ago, we were still a famous 'contradiction community'," Li Guiqin (李桂琴) told reporters.
Haiyun Jiayuan Community (海韵家园小区) was built in 2006 and is located in a prosperous urban area. When it was first launched, it was also "hard to find a house." However, as time went by, conflicts between the owners of the community and the original property management company and the owners' committee occurred frequently. Before 2022, the complaints received by various departments reached more than 400 times.
What is the reason? "The problem lies in the 'black box operation' of the property management company." Li Jiaxin (李佳鑫), Secretary of the Party Committee and Director of the Neighborhood Committee of Ludi Li Community (律笛里社区), recalled that in the past, the property management's income and expenditure were not transparent, and the service was shrinking. The contradiction between residents and property management intensified, and the property fee collection rate once fell below 50%.
The mechanism broke the ice, allowing property management to operate in the sun. In 2022, Hebei District (河北区) innovatively launched the "阳光物业" ("Sunshine Property Management") model - taking Party building as the lead and public transparency as the focus, reshaping the bond of trust between property management and owners.
Under the leadership of the Street Party Working Committee, the Party Committee of Ludi Li Community (律笛里社区) widely collected and responded to residents' opinions and suggestions through property management joint meetings, deliberation meetings, and grid members visiting households. In the case that the previous owners' committee failed to fully perform its duties and disbanded itself after the expiration of its term, the community Party committee selected 39 owner representatives from the buildings to form a supervisory committee, and Party member owner representatives accounted for more than half. Finally, 3 people were selected from the 39 owner representatives to form an executive group to increase the execution force.
The community Party committee successively organized 6 owners' meetings, and wrote the core content of "阳光物业" ("Sunshine Property Management") into the community rules. The selection of property management companies was publicly tendered by a third party, and the owners' meeting voted to determine it; 70% of the public income was used for facility renovation, and the details of income and expenditure were announced monthly.
Today, the newly selected property management company has not only completed 20 environmental improvement projects, but also launched low-cost maintenance and free assistance to veteran Party members and special hardship groups. Yu Detan (于德坦), the property manager, admitted that "the new model allows property management to return from a 'profit-seeking businessman' to the 'community housekeeper' positioning, and the meticulous service is exchanged for a 'win-win' situation for residents and property management." Data shows that the property fee collection rate of Haiyun Jiayuan (海韵家园) has jumped to 95%, and the satisfaction rate has increased from 45% to 93%.
"Grassroots governance cannot only be a firefighter, but must build a mechanism for resolving contradictions at the doorstep of the masses." Fan Shidong (范世东), Secretary of the Party Working Committee of Hongshunli Street (鸿顺里街道), said that the street has completed basic research and scientific evaluation of all communities in the jurisdiction, and formulated specific plans and work ledgers, and sorted out the problems and solutions existing in each community.
"Property management is a small incision, which can leverage big grassroots governance." Zhong Xu (仲旭), Minister of the Social Work Department of the Hebei District (河北区委社会工作部), further introduced that the "阳光物业" ("Sunshine Property Management") model will be promoted in all 192 communities in the district this year.
"In recent years, we have also relied on Party-mass service centers at all levels and types such as communities and buildings to create '北岸议事会客厅' ('North Bank Deliberation Parlor'), and regularly release meeting plans for the needs and expectations of the masses." Xu Yubin (徐玉彬), member of the Standing Committee and Minister of the Organization Department of the Hebei District (河北区委常委、组织部部长), introduced that through personalized and customized deliberation and meeting arrangements, Hebei District (河北区) invites "两代表一委员" ("two representatives and one member"), lawyers, etc. to provide residents and enterprises with legal services, mediation of contradictions and other services on a regular basis, and solve the urgent, difficult and worrying problems of the masses and enterprises at their doorstep.
Xu Yubin (徐玉彬) said that Hebei District (河北区) will continue to deepen Party building to lead grassroots governance, strengthen the organizational system at the doorstep of the masses, gather resources and forces around the people, and push heart-warming services to community buildings, so that Party building leadership is more powerful, grassroots governance is more precise, and people's livelihood services are warmer.
Return to TopBy: 孟祥夫
Miao Chuanhua (苗传华), former Party member and deputy director of the Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Tai'erzhuang District (台儿庄区), Zaozhuang City (枣庄市), Shandong Province (山东省), repeatedly violated regulations by accepting gifts and consumer cards from individual construction contractors; Lü Han (吕涵) and others, former Party members of the Transportation Bureau of Zhengyang County (正阳县), Zhumadian City (驻马店市), Henan Province (河南省) and director of the Transportation Service Center, repeatedly accepted banquets, karaoke, and accommodations arranged by management service objects... Recently, discipline inspection and supervision agencies in many places have reported a batch of typical cases of violations of discipline and law, warning us that "if small things are not restrained, great virtues will eventually be harmed." Small matters and minor details are by no means trivial; a slight relaxation may become an "anthill" that causes the collapse of ideological dikes, eventually leading to irreversible regret.
Party spirit, principles, and personality are reflected in small matters and minor details. When faced with social interactions and the temptation of interests, will one adhere to the bottom line or follow the crowd? Will one uphold the true color of hard work and struggle, or indulge in extravagant enjoyment? These choices often arise in small matters and minor details. A cigarette, a glass of wine, a card—sometimes seemingly ordinary—are like mirrors that reveal people's hearts, reflecting the purity of Party members and cadres' original intentions, the firmness of their beliefs, and the scale of their work style. The attitude towards small matters and minor details has always been a touchstone for testing Party spirit.
Small matters and minor details not only reflect the quality and cultivation of Party members and cadres, but also concern the image of work style and the direction of people's hearts. The common people often say, "Villages look at villages, households look at households, and the masses look at cadres," which fully demonstrates that leading cadres are always under the focus of the masses' attention, and their words and deeds have a subtle yet crucial impact on the Party's image in the hearts of the people. In view of this, the vast number of Party members and cadres should uphold the prudent attitude of "examining oneself as if not reaching the standard," maintain a high degree of vigilance in subtle places at all times, achieve preventing problems before they arise, and not do evil because it is small.
Guarding the line of defense against corruption and degeneration must start with small matters and minor details. This is a profound conclusion drawn from practice. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have thoroughly implemented the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, curbed "waste on the tip of the tongue," rectified "unhealthy trends in clubs," and stopped "extravagance on wheels," managing those small matters and minor details that some Party members and cadres used to take for granted and easily overlook, ushering in a drastic change in the atmosphere of clearing away the turbid and promoting the clear. This further inspires us that grasping the construction of work style is to grasp the big without letting go of the small, that is, to start with small things and be strict with minor details. Only in this way can we build an indestructible line of defense for work style.
"A dike collapses due to an anthill, and energy leaks through a needle's eye." The loss of small matters and minor details is essentially a loosening of ideals and beliefs. Ideals and beliefs are the spiritual "calcium" of communists. If the spirit "lacks calcium," one will suffer from "osteomalacia." The root cause of the problems of some Party members and cadres is a confusion of faith and a loss of spirit. Therefore, the vast number of Party members and cadres must unremittingly use Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to strengthen their minds and souls, replenish the calcium of the spirit, and temper their strong Party spirit. We must persistently transform the subjective world, diligently dust off "ideological dust," think more about the "harm of greed," often break the "thief in the heart," and achieve "the heart is not moved by the temptation of small profits, and the eyes are not dazzled by the confusion of five colors."
Currently, the in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation is being carried out in depth throughout the Party. Party members and cadres should take this as an opportunity to carefully identify emerging and potential problems, deeply grasp the dialectical relationship between small and large, earnestly temper Party spirit in "small matters," build a solid line of defense in "minor details," and safeguard the good image of the Party among the people with practical actions.
Return to TopThe People's Hospital of Guangchang County (广昌县) in Jiangxi Province (江西省) organized a党员志愿服务队 (dǎng yuán zhìyuàn fúwù duì - "Party member volunteer service team") to provide health consultations and free check-ups for outdoor workers such as sanitation workers, food delivery drivers, and couriers. The picture shows Party member volunteers measuring the blood pressure of a food delivery driver.
Lai Yuejin (赖粤津) Photo (People's Vision)
Return to Top"I thought the amount was small, so no one would notice. Now I know that 纸是包不住火的 (zhǐ shì bāo bù zhù huǒ de - "paper cannot wrap fire," secrets will eventually be revealed), I really made a muddled calculation." Speaking of his violations in writing off expenses, Li (李某某), an accountant in a village in Shangsheng Township (上升乡), Baiquan County (拜泉县), Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省), was filled with regret.
In April of this year, the Baiquan County (拜泉县) Discipline Inspection Commission (纪委) and Supervision Commission (监委) organized an inspection. When discipline inspection and supervision cadres were checking the village-level accounts and village collective economic accounts, they found that a write-off document from 2020 was suspected of being abnormal. The Shangsheng Township (上升乡) Discipline Inspection Commission (纪委) then brought in Li (李某某).
"The write-off document shows that the village pulled culvert pipes three times, with labor costs of 350 yuan. Previously, the village's labor costs for pulling culvert pipes were 100 yuan each time. Why did the price increase this one day?" Dong Tianhao (董天昊), Secretary of the Shangsheng Township (上升乡) Discipline Inspection Commission (纪委), asked directly.
After some questioning, Li (李某某) finally confessed the truth: "I was wrong. I was momentarily confused and had a crooked idea, adding the 50 yuan I spent on lunch when I went to the township for a meeting to the write-off. I thought the amount of money was small, so it shouldn't be a big deal and wouldn't be discovered..."
"As a village cadre, you used village collective funds to pay for meal expenses that should have been borne by you personally, which constitutes a violation of regulations against eating and drinking." After hearing Dong Tianhao's (董天昊) words, Li (李某某) lowered his head in shame.
In the end, the Shangsheng Township (上升乡) Discipline Inspection Commission (纪委) gave Li (李某某) a talking-to and recovered the 50 yuan in improperly written-off funds.
"After this lesson, I will definitely strengthen my study of Party discipline and regulations, conscientiously implement the financial management system, and strictly follow the reimbursement procedures..." Li (李某某) made a profound reflection at the warning education meeting held in the village.
[Disciplinary Officer's Remarks] Some Party member cadres believe that eating some "small fish and shrimp" will not lead to major problems. Little do they know that eating "small fish and shrimp" for a long time will make the desire for "big fish and meat" stronger and stronger. Party member cadres should unremittingly implement the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, and must not take what should not be taken, and must resolutely not want what should not be wanted, and always use the yardstick of discipline to examine their words and deeds.
(Cui Mingtai (崔明太) Liu Ruixue (刘瑞雪))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 窦 皓
In early summer, Xiajiang Village (下姜村), Fengshuling Town (枫树岭镇), Chun'an County (淳安县), Hangzhou City (杭州市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省). In the village's exhibition hall, old photographs tell the story of the village's past - "thatched houses, burning charcoal, only half a year's worth of grain a year." Today, it is surrounded by mountains and clear waters, dotted with farmhouses, and tourists come and go.
Walking outwards following the sound, the exit of the exhibition hall is particularly lively. Camellia oil, sweet potato dried, sorghum wine... pieces of authentic agricultural products printed with the "Da Xiajiang (大下姜)" logo attract many tourists to purchase.
Distant dozens of kilometers away in Dayuan Village (大源村), Fengshuling Town (枫树岭镇), when the reporter mentioned this scene, villager Yu Xingda (余兴达) did not expect that the sweet potato dried he planted would appear in the hands of tourists in Xiajiang Village (下姜村).
"In the past, everyone played their own game, and even competed with each other. Now Xiajiang Village (下姜村) is rich first, and the rich lead the poor." Yu Xingda (余兴达) said, "The villagers plant sweet potatoes uniformly, and when the time comes, they will be uniformly purchased and sold, and there is no need to worry about selling them!"
What Yu Xingda (余兴达) said is that since 2019, Chun'an County (淳安县) has actively explored the joint party building mechanism based on factors such as geographical proximity, kinship, and similar industries, without breaking administrative divisions, focusing on solving the difficulties of sparse population and scattered resources, weak economy and population outflow, and insufficient regional integration, forming a joint force for development and solving the problem of common prosperity.
Among them, Chun'an County (淳安县), with Xiajiang Village (下姜村) as the center, joined hands with surrounding villages to establish the Da Xiajiang Joint Party Committee (大下姜联合党委), and also established the Da Xiajiang Rural Revitalization Development Co., Ltd. (大下姜乡村振兴发展有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "Da Xiajiang Company (大下姜公司)"), to build the "Da Xiajiang (大下姜)" regional public brand to help farmers increase their income.
Centralized planting, unified sales, Yu Xingda (余兴达), who tasted the sweetness, looked at the pumpkins in his own field and had a "new plan": the fruits and vegetables he grows are often not finished, and there is no place to sell them. It is said that "Da Xiajiang (大下姜)" can concentrate its efforts to do great things, is there a way this time?
The fruits and vegetables grown by each household are varied, and the farmers are scattered. Relying only on the village to sell them may not be easy. At the joint meeting, facing everyone's questions, Yu Qingping (余青平), head of the Da Xiajiang Joint Party Committee (大下姜联合党委) Office, thought of "joint party building" again.
The Da Xiajiang Joint Party Committee (大下姜联合党委) is headed by county leaders as secretaries, and the heads of joint construction townships and departments serve as deputy secretaries or members, playing a leading and coordinating role, establishing a joint meeting mechanism across departments and townships, and building a work chain of "Party Committee overall planning + township responsibility + departmental support + village implementation", so as to achieve efficient promotion of tasks.
"At the beginning, we also established Da Xiajiang Company (大下姜公司) through joint party building, with the 25 administrative village cooperative economic organizations as shareholders." Yu Qingping (余青平) said that the Party building leads, concentrates resources, and coordinates uniformly. Da Xiajiang Company (大下姜公司) is the most reliable to come forward.
No sooner said than done. Da Xiajiang Company (大下姜公司) is busy developing the digital application "Jiang Ma Catching Up (姜妈赶集)" on the one hand, and going out to negotiate the demand for fresh agricultural products on the other hand, reaching cooperation with 44 supermarkets and platforms.
"I heard that the pumpkins I planted were sold in supermarkets in the provincial capital." With the help of village cadres, Yu Xingda (余兴达) used his mobile phone to send agricultural product information to the "Jiang Ma Catching Up (姜妈赶集)" platform. After receiving the information, Da Xiajiang Company (大下姜公司) arranged for someone to come to the door to inspect and receive the goods, and hundreds of kilograms of pumpkins were sold to Qiandaohu Town (千岛湖镇) and even the main urban area of Hangzhou (杭州).
Without leaving home, the pumpkins in Yu Xingda's (余兴达) home were all purchased at market prices. As of the end of 2024, the application has helped online sales of agricultural products exceed 20 million yuan.
"The Joint Party Committee is not only about coordinating resources, but also about guiding. The enterprise itself must be profitable, but if it only focuses on economic benefits, this work is destined to be unsustainable." Yu Qingping (余青平) introduced that after discussion, the Da Xiajiang Joint Party Committee (大下姜联合党委) specifically added a clause to the company's documents: the purchase price is slightly lower than the selling price, the enterprise maintains a small profit, and gives profits to the people.
In addition, the profits generated by Da Xiajiang Company (大下姜公司), in addition to personnel wages, will also feed back the village collective economy. Xiajiang Village (下姜村) relies on red resources to focus on research camps and education and training; Xiafeng (夏峰) area uses wasteland to develop red sorghum; Tongshan (铜山) area anchors wild Chinese medicinal materials and focuses on forest economy... jointly solve problems and share development results. Under the overall planning and promotion of the Joint Party Committee, the 25 village collectives continue to receive dividend income. For the future, Yu Qingping (余青平) is full of confidence: "If everyone thinks in the same direction, there is nothing that cannot be done!"
Return to TopBy: 张 萌 郑 娜
In the long river of human history, especially during turbulent times of war, good musical works touch people's hearts, unite strength, record history, and even become resistance itself in an irreplaceable way.
Music is invisible and intangible, yet it possesses immense power, capable of rivaling a vast army. When it comes to music during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the "Yellow River Cantata" is undoubtedly a classic work known to every household in China. In 1939, when the Chinese nation was in dire straits, musicians Xian Xinghai (冼星海) and poet Guang Weiran (光未然) wrote this musical epic, symbolizing the nation with the Yellow River, in a cave dwelling in Yan'an (延安), writing down the indomitable spirit of resistance in suffering. The work premiered on the simple stage of the Lu Xun Academy of Arts (鲁艺) in Yan'an, where artists, filled with enthusiasm, firmly believed that music could awaken the people's faith. In 1941, Xian Xinghai (冼星海) completed the orchestration of the "Yellow River Cantata" in Moscow, realizing his idea of composing it into a magnificent symphonic chorus. From the sorrowful lament of "Yellow River Lament" to the impassioned cry of "Defend the Yellow River," the "Yellow River Cantata," with its grand historical vision, sublimates individual emotions into national emotions, triggering strong resonance among Chinese people of all classes and parties, and even overseas Chinese, becoming the strong voice of the era to unite all forces against Japanese aggression and consolidate the united front of the anti-Japanese nation.
Also in 1941, Nazi Germany launched a "genocidal" siege of Leningrad. In this city that once nurtured him and was then almost a living hell, Shostakovich truly felt the hunger and suffering experienced by the vast number of soldiers and civilians, and composed music at an astonishing speed. In just over three months, the "Symphony No. 7" resounded over Leningrad, inspiring millions of Soviet soldiers and civilians, and issuing a battle declaration to the fascists – the enemy can besiege our city, but they cannot besiege our will.
84 years later, on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, the melody of Shostakovich's "Symphony No. 7" sounded again. Together with works such as the "Yellow River Cantata," it built a spiritual monument in the fiery torrent of the World Anti-Fascist War, writing a legend in the history of world music with its emotional resonance and artistic tension that transcends time and space.
As the two main battlefields of the World Anti-Fascist War in Asia and Europe, China and the Soviet Union not only gave birth to their own national musical epics at the same time, but also nurtured a large number of famous anti-war and anti-Japanese songs. "March of the Volunteers" ("义勇军进行曲"), "Without the Communist Party, There Would Be No New China" ("没有共产党就没有新中国"), "Unity is Strength" ("团结就是力量"), "The Big Sword March" ("大刀进行曲"), "Guerrilla Song" ("游击队歌"), "On the Songhua River" ("松花江上"), "Graduation Song" ("毕业歌") and other Chinese anti-Japanese red classics, "The Sacred War" ("Священная война"), "Song of the Defenders of Moscow" ("Песня защитников Москвы"), "Katyusha" ("Катюша"), "The Road" ("Дороги"), "Nights at the Harbor" ("Вечер на рейде") and other famous Soviet songs, these works once existed as the bugle call of the charge and the banner of unity, and today they are still shining historical monuments and spiritual imprints. They constantly remind people: what a nation cannot lose is its voice, its courage to sing aloud in the darkness.
Just as Schumann's classic evaluation of Chopin's music – "cannons hidden among flowers," in the long river of human history, especially during turbulent times of war, good musical works touch people's hearts, unite strength, record history, and even become resistance itself in an irreplaceable way. "March of the Volunteers" presents the fate of the Chinese nation in a desperate situation before the people, taking the lead in shouting "Arise! Ye who refuse to be slaves!" "On the Songhua River" sings the grief and indignation of the people in Northeast China, accusing the invaders of their crimes, and telling of their longing for their hometowns and relatives, becoming the inner portrayal of exiles and anti-Japanese soldiers after the "September 18th Incident." "The Big Sword March" comes directly from the heroic deeds of the Big Sword Team of the Twenty-ninth Army in the Great Wall Resistance, shaping the heroic image of Chinese soldiers daring to "show their swords" in the face of powerful enemies. "The Sacred War" is known as the "Ode to the Soviet Patriotic War" because it conveys the iron will of the Soviet army, and is still a key piece in the Red Square parade every year on May 9. "Katyusha" is not a war song but is better than a war song, bringing spiritual comfort to the soldiers on the front line and encouraging them to march towards the dawn of victory with high spirits...
World War II was an unprecedented catastrophe for mankind. Today, we revisit those classic musical works born in the years of war, not to indulge in the suffering of the past, let alone to perpetuate hatred, but to better draw wisdom and strength from history. In the past 80 years, although the smoke of World War II has dissipated, the musicians' reflection on the war has never stopped.
Whether it is the "Ode to Peace" created by Chinese composer Zhao Jiping (赵季平) to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, or the "War Requiem" created by British composer Britten, both answer the major proposition of how contemporary art intervenes in reality and responds to the times, proving that the most cutting-edge modern musical techniques can be used to carry the most profound humanistic care. Music does not have to be limited to the traditional category of "beauty," but can also convey extremely profound and shocking power. While challenging the audience's auditory habits and aesthetic boundaries, modern music can also trigger thinking about how art expresses extreme experiences and how to deal with historical trauma.
War and peace are eternal themes of mankind. At present, the world is still shrouded in the clouds of conflict. Reflection on war and longing for peace should not and will not stop. Those never-fading music, carrying the common destiny and emotions of mankind, give us the courage and strength to pursue peace and a better life.
Return to TopBy: 荣书琴
The basic characteristics of the new popular culture and art are mass creation and mass sharing, which have a natural isomorphism with folk art. At present, technological changes are accelerating, and communication media are diversified. Massive folk art creation is unfolding against this background, and its participants, production methods, and creative achievements all present many new ideas.
People are new. On the one hand, traditional craftsmen have become popular folk artists, internet celebrity bloggers, and intangible cultural heritage masters. Creators represented by Li Ziqi (李子柒) have set off a traditional cultural craze at home and abroad. On the other hand, highly educated talents have become a new force in folk art. A group of young talents, such as Lang Jiaziyu (郎佳子彧) of Beijing "Mian Ren Lang," Yang Longmei (杨隆梅) of Daoming Bamboo Weaving, and Yao Lan (姚兰) of Su Embroidery, have come to folk art from all walks of life.
Art is new. In terms of creative purpose, folk art is increasingly oriented towards cultural consumption needs rather than 闭门造车 (bì mén zào chē - "building a cart behind closed doors," to be divorced from reality and act blindly); in terms of content, it constantly breaks through regional styles and combines with modern design concepts; in terms of creative organization, methods such as "inheritor + enterprise" and "enterprise + farmer" aggregate the innovative power of different subjects.
Communication is new. Word-of-mouth transmission has become converged media communication that reaches mobile phone screens. Support from creative design companies and new media platforms also provides conditions for the transformation and innovation of folk art, prompting folk art to become the "source code" of new popular culture and art and the "IP library" of cultural innovation. For example, the popularity of the films *Ne Zha* and *White Snake* and the game *Black Myth: Wukong* has unprecedentedly demonstrated the huge potential of contemporary transformation of folk art.
Both new popular culture and art and folk art allow the people to truly become the protagonists of art. To a certain extent, new popular culture and art is a phenomenon and result of the creative transformation and innovative development of folk art. Folk art will provide a continuous stream of creative inspiration for new popular culture and art with its profound folk cultural traditions.
(The author is the Party Group Secretary and Resident Vice Chairman of the China Federation of Folk Literature and Art Circles (中国民间文艺家协会).)
Return to TopBy: 弋 舟
In 2024, *Yan River* (《延河》) magazine took the lead among traditional literary publications in advocating facing the new literary landscape and welcoming the arrival of new popular culture and art. Why *Yan River* (《延河》)? I think that in addition to responding to the current new changes in literary production and communication, it is also, inherently, this literary publication with a long tradition that, with its sense of mission and historical consciousness, reiterates the fundamental position of popular culture and art.
Since its establishment, the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) has taken it as its mission to build a national, scientific, and mass-based new culture of the Chinese nation. Popular culture and art has accompanied the Chinese people's revolutionary exploration since modern times, and has always coincided with the practical logic of the Chinese path. Today, paying attention to and advocating new popular culture and art is both a profound echo of history and a pressing practical relevance. To solve the problem of the prosperous development of new popular culture and art, we need to base ourselves on the magnificent reality of the new era, understand the continuous cultural tradition, look at the new media landscape of the world, and further broaden our horizons and accurately grasp the pulse.
*Yan River* (《延河》) magazine is launching the "Looking for Literary Dark Horses of the New Era" campaign, searching for representative writers and authors, and promoting creation through the establishment of the "New Popular Culture and Art Award" to help enhance the originality of popular literature. New popular culture and art works from all walks of life make us deeply feel that when "literature and art" and "the masses" are no longer separated, but are integrated and mutually accomplished, isn't it precisely a glimpse of the ideal scene? - There, the free development of each person is the condition for the free development of all people, which may be the most profound passion when we discuss new popular culture and art.
(The author is a writer and deputy editor-in-chief of *Yan River* (《延河》) magazine)
Return to TopBy: 金则宇
The high-quality content emerging in the short video and live streaming fields demonstrates the universalization of the new mass literature and art creation subject. Behind this, digital technology has lowered the threshold for creation, new media forms have stimulated creative enthusiasm, and the vision of "everyone is a creator" has become a reality.
The popularization of new technologies such as artificial intelligence and virtual reality provides convenient tools for literary and artistic creation. Users can significantly reduce production costs by using artificial intelligence tools such as "Ji Meng (即梦)." Netizens create massive amounts of content in the form of original creations, secondary creations, comments, and bullet screens.
Although these contents appear in new styles, the core is still the excellent traditional Chinese culture. During the Spring Festival of the Year of the Snake, the Douyin "Intangible Cultural Heritage Celebrates the New Year" topic had over 2.7 billion views, and the total views of intangible cultural heritage videos reached 167.9 billion, powerfully driving the dissemination of traditional festival culture. From May 2023 to May 2024, 13.79 million netizens shared their intangible cultural heritage experiences on Douyin, including representative inheritors of intangible cultural heritage such as Wang Shi (汪氏) shadow puppetry Dang Feihua (党飞华), as well as professional creators such as Li Ziqi (李子柒) and Nan Xiang (南翔), and a large number of young people born in the 90s and 00s who actively forwarded and shared.
New mass literature and art not only revitalizes traditional cultural expressions, but also forms cultural hotspots, drives cultural tourism development, and realizes value spillover. During the Spring Festival, driven by the Chaoshan Yingge Dance (潮汕英歌舞), local related group buying orders increased by 795% year-on-year. The creation of new mass literature and art has activated the pan-cultural tourism production, dissemination, and consumption industry chain from the information supply side, providing strong support for the development of local cultural tourism industries.
The camera is the spotlight, the mobile phone screen is the "micro-stage," a comment is a literary review... In short videos and live streaming rooms, new mass literature and art are bursting with new vitality and shining with new brilliance.
(The author is the head of intangible cultural heritage operation in the Corporate Social Responsibility Department of Douyin Group (抖音集团).)
Return to TopBy: 左 衡
"Similarity" has become a negative asset plaguing the film industry, with complex causes and varied manifestations. Ultimately, the original driving force and raw materials for creation must come from human life, not from other works or authors.
At the 15th Beijing International Film Festival, Jury President Jiang Wen (姜文) said, "The most terrible thing about movies is that they are all so similar... If young people come in, it's best not to be like the original movies." This remark resonated with many viewers. In recent years, the author and several friends have observed major film festivals—including international A-list film festivals—and a common situation arises during exchanges: while discussing film A, we inadvertently confuse it with films B and C; while discussing this year's edition, we vaguely lump it together with last year's edition. If industry insiders are like this, for ordinary viewers, "similarity" and "unmemorable" are truly fatal.
Then again, as a popular art form, film is naturally divided into genres, such as martial arts, science fiction, romance, and crime investigation. Each genre has some similarities in plot and elements. It is neither possible nor necessary to be completely "unheard of" from head to toe. However, a truly good genre film must have three or four parts of dissimilarity in addition to six or seven parts of "similarity," making it watchable and memorable, so that it can stand out from the many competing products. Otherwise, it will be mediocre and rejected by the audience. In recent years, the previously big-selling Marvel superhero films have lost their magic, and this is the problem: as long as the audience still buys it, they will not easily change the formula and elements. Among them, the "similarity" is largely responsible for the tedium.
In order to criticize the trend-following and vulgarity of film creation, the French critic Truffaut proposed the concept of "auteur cinema," which was later used to praise films that fully expressed the director's personality. However, the trend of following suit in creation also followed: many personal creations aimed at international art film festivals, although they do not seem to resemble genre films, are very similar in the matter of "I must not be similar," to the point that sometimes "dissimilarity" and "dissimilarity" collide. For example, every time a new "auteur" emerges, someone will immediately compare them to the masters of film history, "so-and-so Ni or so-and-so ski at this time or in a certain place." After seeing similar rhetoric many times, one often laments that it is difficult to distinguish between praise and criticism.
Undeniably, from the perspective of film history and art history, similarity is a common phenomenon and constitutes inheritance. Jackie Chan's (成龙) action films are full of respect and innovation in recreating Buster Keaton's silent film scenes. Jiang Wen (姜文), at the beginning of "Gone with the Bullets" (一步之遥), replicated famous scenes from "The Godfather" while seriously leaving his own light and shadow traces. Shao Yihui's (邵艺辉) works are considered to continue the style of the Shanghai Wenhua Film Company (上海文华公司) in the last century. Who would say that such similarity is inappropriate? Who would ignore the existence of the creator himself? It can be seen that the key to the problem is not similarity, but only similarity without dissimilarity. When the dissimilar parts become distinct, it means that a truly powerful creative subject has emerged.
The Beijing Film Festival (北影节) has ended, and the "May Day" holiday film season continues. The main creators of several films are seeking novelty and change, but these experiments cannot yet be said to be completely successful.
Zhang Qi (张琪), the director of "The Looming Storm" (大风杀), has been keen to innovate in both the crime investigation film and Western film genres. The character played by Xin Baiqing (辛柏青) has a depth of criminal psychology. This is handled in a way similar to Nolan's "The Dark Knight" when translated into specific scenes. Interestingly, the film's tone is quite similar to the director's "Wind Blast" (西风烈) from that year, with plenty of emotion and form. Their problems are also somewhat similar, namely, the story and theme are weak, and the strength of the climax part has not been given.
The main creators of "The Gold Hunter" (猎金·游戏) and "Open the Door to Good Fortune" (人生开门红) are more obviously pursuing dissimilarity. However, the former's plot is fragmented, and the relationships between the characters are almost all "looking at each other" without intertwining. The performance differences between different actors are too large. These shortcomings do not reach the level of discussing similarity and dissimilarity, genre and anti-genre. The latter deliberately separates the two goals of realistic thinking and wonderful fantasy when trying to transcend the conventional comedy mode, pulling each other down.
"Similarity" has become a negative asset plaguing the film industry, with complex causes and varied manifestations. However, if we shift the focus from the relationship between films, the origins of authors, and return to the relationship between film and the world, the problem and the answer will become clear. Ultimately, the original driving force and raw materials for creation must come from human life, not from other works or authors. Furthermore, the purpose of creation is no longer to be similar or dissimilar, but to what extent it reflects the mainstream of the times, the essence of society, and the depths of human nature. To this end, creators must have the strength of their feet, eyes, brains, and pens, and then achieve the goal of representing the times with artistic personality.
There are film seasons after film seasons, and weekends after weekends. All kinds of gimmicks will eventually pass, and only true art can shine on the beach. When the audience says "we want to see new movies," what they really mean is that they want to feel a beauty that is idealized by film art, which is both familiar and surprising. This beauty is not only joyful and satisfying, but also makes people yearn and aspire.
(The author is a researcher at the China Film Archive (中国电影资料馆))
Return to TopBy: 桂 琳
Suspense dramas have always been a key area for creating charismatic protagonists. With the continued popularity of the "suspense track" in creative works, the image of the protagonist is also facing the issue of transformation and upgrading. In this genre, female criminal police protagonists are relatively rare and are expected to become an innovative direction. The recently concluded suspense drama "Above the Clouds" (《乌云之上》) had its biggest highlight in the female protagonist, Han Qing (韩青). It is a bit of a pity that the drama left some regrets in its portrayal of Han Qing's image.
First is the creation of professional charm. Compared to male criminal police officers, creating the professional charm of female criminal police officers has greater flexibility. It can go in the direction of rational intelligence, or it can be promoted towards toughness and competence, either intellectual or physical, there is a lot of room for development. The classic drama "Serious Crime Squad 6" (《重案六组》) features Ji Jie (季洁), a female criminal police officer who is both sentimental and righteous, intelligent and brave. In "Opponent" (《对手》), Duan Yingjiu (段迎九), the National Security captain with outstanding professional skills, as experienced veteran criminal police officers, they are calm and capable in the process of solving cases, solid and steady, revealing the charm of suspense in a meticulous manner. In contrast, the investigation process in "Above the Clouds" (《乌云之上》) is too bland. The investigation basically relies on meetings and reports to move forward, and the acquisition of key clues seems too easy. As a result, Han Qing's (韩青) professional charm loses the space to be displayed.
In addition to professional charm, there is also personal charm. Whether it is possible to dig out the unique inner world of the character and reveal the insurmountable difficulties and limitations of the character is crucial to shaping personal charm. At present, when domestic suspense dramas portray female criminal police officers, they show more of their desires and difficulties in interpersonal relationships and family life. For example, in "Echo" (《回响》), Ran Dongdong's (冉咚咚) solving of cases is intertwined with marital changes, and in "Misplacement" (《错位》), there are conflicts between Jiang Guangming (姜光明) and her husband. In shaping the image of Han Qing (韩青) in "Above the Clouds" (《乌云之上》), love has always dominated her investigation process. Emotional dramas not only slow down the pace of the plot, but also weaken the professional charm of the protagonist.
In fact, regardless of gender, the charm of criminal police characters in suspense dramas lies in their unique and powerful subjectivity, especially a strong sense of mission. For example, in "The Way of Heaven" (《天道》), the female police officer Rui Xiaodan (芮小丹) bravely chooses to fight with the gangsters, with no involvement in love or marriage, because her understanding of her work is extremely clear, and she is even willing to dedicate her life to it. This expression of subjectivity brings a real shock to the audience.
Of course, in addition to professional charm and personal charm, the shaping of the criminal police image must also have the ability to enter the depths of the era. At present, the more profound and memorable protagonist images in domestic suspense dramas share the common feature that the characters' fate and the environment of the times form a strong resonance, such as Wang Xiang (王响) and other three minor characters in "The Long Season" (《漫长的季节》), and Chen Jianghe (陈江河) and his master in "Sandstorm" (《沙尘暴》). The shaping of female criminal police images also needs to be further explored in this regard, so that the characters' own abilities and pursuits echo the times. In this way, it is possible to create more in-depth typical images and promote the creation of high-quality suspense works.
(The author is a professor at the School of Literature, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (中国社会科学院大学文学院))
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The drama series "Green Hills, My Home" was recently broadcast on CCTV-1's prime-time slot, like a fresh breeze blowing from the countryside. The work sings a moving melody of ecological agriculture with a green planting story full of everyday life. Through this drama, the audience can not only see the farming landscape interwoven with tradition and modernity, but also feel the development pulse of the new era and new countryside.
Rural-themed drama series are not easy to create. On the one hand, it is easy to "follow the trend" and difficult to meet the audience's demands for drama; on the other hand, it is easy to deliberately seek strangeness and fall into the trap of magnifying backwardness and ignorance. "Green Hills, My Home" strives to break through the routine and present a real and three-dimensional countryside - the story contains not only the hardships of entrepreneurship and the contradictions and helplessness of the family, but also the warmth and perseverance of human relationships; it contains not only the inheritance of traditional concepts, but also the growth of innovative concepts.
The work interweaves the entrepreneurial struggle on the Loess Plateau with the family life in the courtyard, and portrays innovative and distinctive characters in a turbulent story. The protagonist, Dong Dalin (董大林), is no longer a villager who passively accepts assistance, but a new farmer with a modern knowledge structure and market vision. He is rooted in the countryside and has an eye on the market, respects tradition and dares to innovate, leading the villagers to become rich. His story subtly reflects the new trend of returning farmers participating in rural construction, which is full of the sense of the times. In the work, the emotional interaction and family conflicts between husband and wife, father and son, brothers, and sisters-in-law lay a strong atmosphere of life for the main story line of entrepreneurship and wealth, improve the dramatic tension, and add emotional temperature to the story. Dalin (大林) is hardworking and kind, his wife Feng Qiulan (冯邱兰) is tenacious and intelligent, Erlin (二林) is reckless and profit-oriented, Erlin's (二林) wife Chen Ling (陈玲) is sophisticated, the old father is stubborn and old-fashioned, and the mother-in-law is discerning... There is drama between the characters, a lot of drama, bringing full viewing pleasure.
The family story presented in the play also has a certain depth. The Dong (董) family's struggle for 10 mu of contracted land, the "returning to the group" of the old father and mother, and the million-dollar compensation for the demolition of the old house, etc., ask about the family ethics of righteousness and profit, virtue and resentment, and closeness and distance in rural life for thousands of years, and provide reflections that echo the past and the present. These vivid stories have the coldness of realism and the Chinese-style family love, allowing the audience to empathize with the connection between themselves and their families, land, and traditions.
The work revolves around green planting technology to unfold the narrative, reflecting its market demand, promotion mechanism, and conceptual collision in the development process. The content is novel and has a certain documentary nature, providing an artistic archive for observing the development of the new era's countryside, and also enriching the creative pedigree of rural-themed drama series.
When high-quality development becomes the theme of the film and television industry, we need more rural-themed creations that are rooted in the land, reflect reality, and reach people's hearts. Although the audience's aesthetics are becoming more and more diverse and the creative trends are constantly changing, sincere realism will never be out of date.
(The author is a researcher at the Development Research Center of the State Administration of Radio and Television)
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Layout design: Zhao Siru (赵偲汝)
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