People's Daily - May 30, 2025

Promulgating the Regulations on Military Scientific Research Awards

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29th - Xi Jinping (习近平), Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军委), recently signed an order to promulgate the "Regulations on Military Scientific Research Awards," which will come into effect on July 1, 2025.

The "Regulations" adhere to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as guidance, thoroughly implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) thinking on strengthening the military, implement the requirements of the strategy of strengthening the military through science and technology in an all-round way, deeply summarize the achievements of the reform of the military scientific research award system, and systematically regulate the military scientific research award work under the new situation. It serves as the basic legal basis for carrying out military scientific research award work.

The "Regulations" consist of 8 chapters and 42 articles, adapting to the needs of the innovative development of military scientific research work and the situation and tasks of being combat-oriented. It clearly establishes combat effectiveness as the sole and fundamental standard, and sets up a military scientific research award system with distinct military characteristics, a reasonable structural hierarchy, scientific evaluation standards, and close integration with major national and military strategic needs. It constructs an organizational management model with clear responsibilities and strict procedures; standardizes the entire process of award recommendation, evaluation, awarding, and objection handling; improves relevant requirements for work style and discipline, accountability, and confidentiality management; and clarifies relevant applicable situations. The promulgation and implementation of the "Regulations" provides institutional guarantees for the orderly development of military scientific research award work, which is conducive to enhancing the vitality of military scientific research innovation, accelerating the pace of military theory and national defense science and technology innovation, and promoting the development of a strong military in the new era with high-quality scientific and technological supply.

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Xi Jinping's booklet "Write a New Chapter in Building a China-Latin America Community with a Shared Future -- Keynote Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the 4th Ministerial Meeting of the China-CELAC Forum" Published

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29th. The standalone edition of the keynote speech by President Xi Jinping (习近平), entitled "Writing a New Chapter in Building a China-Latin America Community with a Shared Future – Keynote Speech at the Opening Ceremony of the Fourth Ministerial Forum of the China-CELAC Forum," has been published by the People's Publishing House (人民出版社) and will be available at Xinhua bookstores (新华书店) nationwide starting today.

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A clean and upright atmosphere for work is further strengthened (Persevering in implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation)

By: 本报记者 张 洋 耿 磊

Currently, in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation is being carried out throughout the Party. The Central Leading Group for Party Building Work has organized and compiled "The Achievements and Experiences in Deeply Implementing the Spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation Since the 18th National Congress of the Party" and requires all regions and departments to include it in their study scope.

Since the new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has started by formulating and implementing the Central Eight-Point Regulation, using a nail-driving spirit to rectify the "four forms of formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism, and extravagance" (四风). The intensity of the rectification, the strictness of the system's implementation, and the length of the duration are unprecedented. It has curbed some unhealthy tendencies that had not been curbed for a long time, corrected some stubborn maladies that had not been eliminated for many years, and the Party's work style, government conduct, and social atmosphere have been renewed, and the Party's heart, the military's heart, and the people's heart have been highly united.

What has the Eight-Point Regulation changed? Starting today, this newspaper will launch a series of reports, with reporters going deep into the grassroots level, listening to the voices of cadres and the masses, and recording this profound era change in their eyes.

-- Editor

On a clear summer morning, truck driver Li Xiaoqiao lightly stepped on the accelerator, and the brand-new asphalt pavement stretched under the wheels. In the past, the Qingyi Road-Green Heart South Road section in Shizhong District (市中区), Leshan City (乐山市), Sichuan Province (四川省) was full of potholes, repaired every year and broken every year, causing many complaints from citizens.

The change began with the promotion of the "revealing the list and taking command" mechanism. The Municipal Housing and Construction Department and Shizhong District joined hands to reveal the list. Xu Ke (许珂), deputy director of the Green Heart Subdistrict Office, simply moved his office to the construction site and stored 37 work numbers in his mobile phone, coordinating at any time when encountering problems: squatting at the cable relocation site at two in the morning, gnawing on steamed buns next to the muck truck at noon to obtain a pass, and using a flashlight to calibrate drawings with the design team late at night... He said: "Now that we are revealing the list to tackle key problems, no one wants to be the one who 'drops the chain'." After 34 days of working together, this road was finally repaired.

Since the in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation was carried out, Leshan City has focused on problems such as "not daring to take responsibility, not acting, and shifting responsibility," and introduced eight measures, including accelerating the efficiency of government agencies, industrial project training, revealing the list to tackle key problems, and running to work hard to reveal the list. Now, the roads are smooth, the cadres' steps are more solid, and the hearts of the people are also brighter.

When the Party's work style is upright, the people's hearts are smooth, and the Party and the people can share weal and woe, our cause will flourish.

Today, the whole Party is carrying out in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation. The vast number of Party members and cadres are promoting learning, investigating, and correcting problems in an integrated manner, changing their work style without slackening, truly grasping and doing practical work, and daring to take responsibility, and the atmosphere of working hard in a clean and upright manner is even stronger.

"A Car" Clearly Distinguishes Public and Private

"License plate number '鄂FD022警', fuel card number 1000****8355."

After confirming that the car and card matched, Master Wang (王师傅) of the China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (中国石化) Xiangyang East Road Gas Station in Zaoyang City (枣阳市), Hubei Province (湖北省) began to refuel the official vehicle of the Zaoyang City Bureau of Justice (枣阳市司法局).

Not long after, Liu Feng (刘峰), director of the office of the Zaoyang City Bureau of Justice, received a text message on his mobile phone: "The official vehicle of this unit refueled at the China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation Xiangyang East Road Gas Station in Zaoyang City on April 15, 2025, for 307.31 yuan..." The information is rigorous, standardized, clear, and concise.

In the past, there were many problems in the use and management of official vehicles: using official vehicles for private purposes, using public funds to maintain private vehicles, configuring official vehicles beyond the standard, and illegally accepting vehicles donated by enterprises, institutions, and individuals. The Zaoyang City Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision also investigated and dealt with a case: an employee of a unit repeatedly used an official fuel card to refuel a private car for more than 800 yuan.

Public funds are public, and not a penny can be spent indiscriminately. Today, more than 500 official vehicles in Zaoyang City are all connected to the official vehicle comprehensive management system, and applications, approvals, and scheduling are all handled online and are transparent throughout the entire process. The fuel card is also "one car, one card, car and card binding," and one card can only refuel one car. "Official vehicles are also equipped with a positioning system. The platform will automatically warn of situations such as using vehicles without approval and inconsistent vehicle information," said Gao Shijun (高士君), head of the official vehicle section of the Zaoyang City Government Affairs Service Center (枣阳市机关事务服务中心).

On this day, Liu Feng traveled by official vehicle to handle affairs. Through the official vehicle comprehensive management platform, you can see the vehicle's use approval, operating status, etc. in real time. "It's good to use official vehicles for official purposes and to distinguish between public and private. I feel more at ease," Liu Feng said.

The issue of work style is essentially an issue of Party spirit. The fundamental measure of the strength of Party spirit is the word "public" and "private." In the past, some Party members and cadres mistakenly thought that "it's not a big deal to take a little advantage." Today, office buildings exceeding the standard have been vacated, official meals have been strictly regulated, and public-funded tourism has been curbed... The boundary between public and private has truly been established in the hearts of the vast number of Party members and cadres.

Since the study and education was carried out, Zaoyang City has conducted an in-depth investigation of integrity risk points in the operation of power and the implementation of systems, strengthened discipline constraints with problem rectification as the traction, and urged the vast number of Party members and cadres to handle the relationship between public and private, and to show their true colors in the clear distinction between public and private.

A public-private scale weighs the clear and turbid; a public-private ruler measures the honest and greedy. "Only by drawing a clear line between public and private can we be upright and open. Although it is a little uncomfortable, the people are more satisfied and the relationship between cadres and the masses is closer," said Zeng Gang (曾刚), executive deputy mayor of Zaoyang City.

"A Building" Decodes Closeness and Cleanliness

In the southeast corner of Guilin Park (桂林公园) in Shanghai (上海), a small building with green tiles is hidden in the dense shade. It was once a catering club, but now it has become a place for scientific research exchanges and academic salons. Xie Yingbo (谢应波), the founder of Titan Technology (泰坦科技), often talks to cadres who come to investigate about the "past and present" of this small building and tells heartwarming stories between government and business.

On September 26, 2019, the company team confidently walked out of the STAR Market (科创板) defense site, but waited for the announcement that the initial offering was rejected. When they were at a loss, the staff of the Xuhui District Science and Technology Commission (徐汇区科委) knocked on the door with an industry report: "We are not here to pick problems, but to solve problems." Xuhui Science and Technology Investment (徐汇科投) promised to invest 50 million yuan to help the company develop, and two banks promised to increase the total credit line by more than 100 million yuan.

These tangible support measures allowed Titan Technology to successfully open the door to the STAR Market the following year, and also made Xie Yingbo realize that "good policies are not golden words on the wall, but ladders actively offered."

As the company grew, new problems arose. Some technical backbones faced the "difficulty of staying in Shanghai" due to insufficient points: Ge Wenhui (葛文辉), an employee from Jiangxi (江西), and his wife wanted to return to their hometown for their children, and Yin Yiwei (殷艺伟) could only meet with his wife and children in Nanjing (南京) once a month... Xie Yingbo was anxious: "What's the point of innovation if we can't keep people?"

The Xuhui District Human Resources and Social Security Bureau (徐汇区人社局) took the initiative to explain the talent settlement policy, and Yin Yiwei and Ge Wenhui successfully settled down with the "regional special quota" policy measures. On the day Yin Yiwei received his household registration book, he specially placed a pot of pothos on his desk: "This is the real rooting."

What is even more touching is the late-night help call. On a winter night in 2019, a company colleague's newborn suddenly had a medical emergency. Xie Yingbo dialed the phone number of the Talent Office of the Municipal Party Committee Organization Department (市委组织部人才处), and the other end of the phone was particularly straightforward: "Don't panic, I will coordinate immediately."

Soon, the Children's Hospital of Fudan University (复旦儿科医院) opened a green channel for the child. At that moment, Xie Yingbo understood that "close and clean government-business relations" are not toasts on the wine table, but the number that can be dialed in times of emergency.

Over the years, Xie Yingbo has not been good at socializing, but he has stored many "direct hotlines" on his mobile phone. Street cadres help find factories, district leaders coordinate to solve warehousing problems, there is no need to invite guests to ask for relationships, call at any time if there is something, and the problem is still solved.

The wind swept through the carved window lattices, and the industry white paper on the table was gently opened. Today, there are no more banquets in the small building, replaced by scientific research exchanges and discussions. What the government sends is no longer an invitation to a banquet, but an industry frontier information report. The dialogues and handshakes here are all interpreting the same truth: cleanliness leads to focus, and closeness leads to strength.

At the beginning of the study and education, Shanghai is promoting learning, investigating, and correcting problems in an integrated manner, and constantly optimizing the business environment. The Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government issued the "Several Measures to Promote the High-Quality Development of the Private Economy in the New Era and New Journey" (新时代新征程促进民营经济高质量发展的若干措施), proposing 26 measures to benefit enterprises.

"We must be the 'confidants' of private enterprises, the 'propagandists' of preferential policies, and the 'servers' of high-quality development," said Gu Jun (顾军), Deputy Secretary-General of the Shanghai Municipal Government and Director of the Shanghai Municipal Development and Reform Commission (上海市发展改革委主任). On the bank of the Huangpu River (黄浦江), the breeze is warm, and more and more companies like Titan Technology are steadily rooting and growing with innovative dreams.

"A Form" Sees Clearly the False and the Real

At 7:00 in the morning, Ji Yamei (季雅梅), secretary of the general Party branch of Shagang Village (砂岗村), Shuifu Town (水阜镇), Gaolan County (皋兰县), Gansu Province (甘肃省), rode her electric bike early to deliver commonly used medicines to Gong Darang (龚大让), an elderly person living alone. After that, she hurried to the newly renovated land behind the village committee to lay drip irrigation belts with the village cadres, so that the "happiness canteen" in the village would have a supply of fresh vegetables.

"As long as the villagers get benefits, I am happy no matter how busy I am. The study and education being carried out now is to let us change our work style, focus on practical work, and do more practical things for the masses," Ji Yamei said.

The grassroots level is the front line of serving the masses, and the key is to do practical work. However, in the past, the conference room on the second floor of the village committee often piled up with half-person-high file boxes, the printer kept "spitting" out reports, and the supervision, inspection, and assessment materials were overwhelming. "I was busy from morning to night, physically and mentally exhausted, and the masses didn't buy it," Ji Yamei said.

As the work of rectifying formalism and reducing the burden on the grassroots level was carried out in depth, Gaolan County implemented "managing power and responsibility with a single list." Today, on the desks of the Shagang Village Committee, stacks of account books have been replaced by the "List of Matters for Grassroots Mass Autonomous Organizations in Gaolan County to Perform Their Duties in Accordance with the Law" (皋兰县基层群众性自治组织依法履行职责事项清单).

Mediating civil disputes, organizing cultural, sports, and fitness activities, and doing a good job in the work of the disabled within the scope of their jurisdiction... Ji Yamei said while flipping through the list, "These are all solid and practical things that benefit the masses."

She further explained: "The list clearly stipulates seven types of matters that do not belong to the village level, such as administrative law enforcement and investment promotion. Since we have this list, the number of certification matters has been reduced by more than 70%, and the number of various signs has been reduced by more than 10. Everyone has freed up their hands and feet and is more motivated!"

The sun shines on the flat industrial road in Shagang Village, and villager Niu Youdong (牛有东) squats next to the supporting canal on the side of the road and scoops up a handful of clear water: "This 'lifesaving water' came in time!" Behind him, the green wheat fields are connected into one piece.

Time is pulled back to two years ago. At the village Party member meeting, 200 mu of "fields relying on the sky" became the focus of heated discussion. The terrain is flat, the soil moisture is good, but it cannot be watered or transported out of grain, and the yield cannot be increased. What should we do?

"Why not use the terrain height difference to build a pumping station for irrigation!" The proposal of veteran Party member Yang Hengyu (杨亨玉) was recognized by everyone. Contacting county water conservancy experts for on-site surveys and connecting with engineering teams one by one... Ji Yamei took the lead in plunging into the fields, advancing step by step. A few months later, a 3-kilometer irrigation canal and a 2.7-kilometer industrial road were connected to Niu Youan's (牛有安) field. The yield per mu of this "field relying on the sky" increased by nearly 30%, driving the average annual income of farmers to increase by 780 yuan.

At present, Gaolan County is carrying out study and education in a solid manner, and regards the gap in rectifying formalism and reducing the burden on the grassroots level as one of the outstanding problems of centralized rectification. In Shagang Village, there are fewer meetings, fewer reports, and fewer inspections. Ji Yamei leads village cadres to organize services such as civil assistance and agency services, and monthly free haircuts. From "following the task" to "revolving around the masses," the spirit of doing things is more sufficient, and the lives of the masses are becoming more comfortable.

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Opinions on Establishing a Sound Market-Based Allocation System for Resource and Environmental Factors, Issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council

To improve the efficiency of resource and environmental factor utilization, it is crucial to improve the market-based allocation system for resource and environmental factors and promote the market-based trading of carbon emission rights, water use rights, and pollutant discharge rights. To deepen the market-based allocation reform of resource and environmental factors, with the consent of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党中央委员会) and the State Council (国务院), the following opinions are now put forward.

I. Overall Requirements

Guided by Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会) and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 20th Central Committee, fully implement Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Economic Thought and Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Thought on Ecological Civilization, adhere to and strengthen the Party's overall leadership, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, adhere to an effective market and a capable government, adhere to problem-oriented and classified policies, adhere to goal-oriented and coordinated advancement, adhere to gradual progress and risk prevention, establish and improve the resource and environmental factor quota allocation, market trading, and supervision and management systems, improve the resource and environmental factor trading market, improve the resource and environmental factor market-based allocation system with clear rights and responsibilities, smooth operation, and efficient coordination, promote resource and environmental factors to support the development of new quality productive forces, coordinate the promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, and accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development.

The main goals are: By 2027, the carbon emission rights and water use rights trading systems will be basically improved, the pollutant discharge rights trading system will be established and improved, the market-based energy conservation mechanism will be more sound, the resource and environmental factor trading market will be more active, the price formation mechanism will be more sound, the smooth flow and efficient allocation of resource and environmental factors will be promoted, the market potential will be fully released, and the supporting role for achieving relevant resource and environmental goals will be effectively enhanced.

II. Improve the Resource and Environmental Factor Quota Allocation System

(I) Strengthen the Connection of Resource and Environmental Goals. Strengthen the connection between carbon emission rights trading and the dual control system of carbon emissions, and promote the gradual transition of the national carbon emission rights trading market from intensity control to quota total control. Strictly control the total amount and intensity of water use, and promote the connection of water use rights trading, river water allocation, water resources scheduling, water withdrawal permit management, planned water use management, and water withdrawal supervision and other systems. Strengthen the connection between pollutant discharge rights and pollutant discharge permits and other systems, and promote the establishment of a pollutant discharge rights trading system with pollutant discharge permits as the certificate of right confirmation and regulatory carrier.

(II) Improve the Quota Allocation and Transfer System. Taking into account carbon emission control targets, industry development stages, historical emission conditions, etc., optimize the carbon emission quota allocation scheme, steadily promote the allocation method combining free and paid allocation, and orderly increase the proportion of paid allocation. Adhere to determining water use based on water availability and acting according to water quantity, highlight the guidance of water conservation, coordinate the needs of domestic, production, and ecological water use, and improve the initial allocation system of water use rights, clarifying regional water rights, water withdrawal rights, and irrigation water user rights. Explore the implementation of paid transfer of water use rights in areas with severe water shortages and overloads, and new industrial water use should in principle be obtained through paid acquisition in the water use rights trading market. Strengthen the connection between pollutant discharge rights verification and permitted discharge volume, pollutant discharge rights trading entities and pollutant discharge unit classification management catalogs, etc., and accelerate the construction of a pollutant discharge rights verification technology system that reflects the guidance of continuous improvement of environmental quality, industry technical level, and pollutant emission characteristics. Promote the implementation of paid initial allocation of pollutant discharge rights for key pollutants in the atmosphere, water, and other fields.

III. Optimize the Trading Scope of Resource and Environmental Factors

(III) Improve the Coverage of the Carbon Market. Combining the needs of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality work, industry carbon reduction potential, and carbon emission accounting basis, steadily expand the industry coverage of the national carbon emission rights trading market, expand trading entities, and enrich trading varieties and trading methods. Improve the national greenhouse gas voluntary emission reduction trading market and gradually expand the supported fields. Strengthen the connection between green certificates and the national carbon emission rights trading market and the national greenhouse gas voluntary emission reduction trading market to avoid trading entities from repeatedly benefiting from green certificate trading and national greenhouse gas voluntary emission reduction trading. Based on the construction of the domestic market itself, actively promote connection and mutual recognition with relevant international mechanisms.

(IV) Improve the Market-Based Energy Conservation Mechanism. Adhere to the principle of giving priority to conservation, improve the energy conservation management system throughout the entire chain of energy production and consumption, develop comprehensive service models such as energy conservation consulting, diagnosis, design, financing, transformation, and trusteeship, and continuously expand the energy conservation service industry. Strengthen the connection and coordination between energy use rights trading and carbon emission rights trading. Combining the development of the national carbon emission rights trading market, promote the orderly exit of energy use rights trading pilots in relevant regions to avoid increasing the burden on enterprises due to repeated fulfillment of obligations.

(V) Enrich the Types of Water Use Rights Trading. Actively explore and standardize the promotion of water use rights trading across provincial administrative regions in key river basins such as the Yellow River (黄河). Promote industrial enterprises and irrigation areas to strengthen water-saving transformation, and support the participation of surplus water in water use rights market trading. Encourage social capital to obtain reasonable returns by participating in the construction and operation of water-saving projects such as water-saving irrigation and transferring water use rights for saved water. Promote the trading of unconventional water such as reclaimed water, harvested rainwater, desalinated seawater, mine pit (well) water, and brackish water in accordance with local conditions, and improve relevant systems.

(VI) Continuously Deepen Pollutant Discharge Rights Trading. Establish and improve the paid use and trading system of pollutant discharge rights in accordance with local conditions, taking provincial administrative regions as units, expand trading entities, and enrich trading varieties and trading methods. Support various regions to orderly expand the varieties and regional scope of pollutant discharge rights trading according to the needs of pollution prevention and control work. Deepen the integrated pollutant discharge rights trading in the Yangtze River Delta (长三角) region. Explore the implementation of pollutant discharge rights trading across provincial administrative regions within the same river basin.

IV. Improve the Resource and Environmental Factor Trading System

(VII) Incorporate into the Public Resource Trading Platform System. According to the progress of the market-based allocation reform of resource and environmental factors, following the principle of "mature one, incorporate one," orderly incorporate the trading of carbon emission rights, water use rights, pollutant discharge rights, etc. into the public resource trading platform system, and promote the aggregation and sharing of trading data. Strengthen the summary of pilot experiences, straighten out the relationship between local markets and the national market, no longer build new local or regional carbon emission rights trading markets, strengthen guidance and supervision of local carbon emission rights trading markets, and accelerate the construction of a unified national water use rights trading market.

(VIII) Strengthen the Construction of Trading Rules. Improve the systems for confirming, registering, mortgaging, and transferring resource and environmental factors, clean up policies that do not meet the requirements of reform in accordance with regulations, improve rules for data collection, product trading, information release, and supervision and management, and improve business processes, data management, and risk prevention systems.

(IX) Improve the Reserve Adjustment System. Establish and improve the resource and environmental factor reserve adjustment system, and form a resource and environmental factor reserve by reserving initial quotas, recovering invalid quotas, repurchasing surplus quotas, and developing incremental quotas. According to management goals, development needs, market supply and demand conditions, etc., store, sell, and release relevant resource and environmental factors in a timely and appropriate manner to strengthen market regulation and expectation guidance.

(X) Improve the Price Formation Mechanism. Adhere to the market-oriented principle, improve the price formation mechanism of resource and environmental factors by category, fully reflect the relationship between market supply and demand, the degree of resource scarcity, the cost of environmental damage, and the value of ecological products, give play to the role of price leverage, and promote the efficient and rational allocation of resource and environmental factors. Relying on the resource and environmental factor trading market, establish and improve relevant systems such as price monitoring and information release.

(XI) Increase Market Supervision. Strengthen the supervision of resource and environmental factor trading institutions, trading entities, and third-party service institutions, and investigate and deal with data fraud, illegal and irregular transactions, market manipulation, and other behaviors in accordance with laws and regulations. Strengthen the whole-process supervision of water use rights trading, and strengthen the supervision of the impact of water use rights trading behavior on third parties and the ecological impact. Accelerate the construction of a credit system for the resource and environmental factor trading market, disclose credit information and punish serious dishonest behaviors in accordance with laws and regulations. Strengthen the information network security construction of the trading system, improve the data security protection system, and prevent the leakage of sensitive data and information.

V. Strengthen the Construction of Basic Capabilities for Resource and Environmental Factor Trading

(XII) Improve Laws and Standards. Study and improve relevant legal systems to further clarify the trading principles of resource and environmental factors. Scientifically formulate and revise standards for carbon emission accounting, water use quotas, and pollutant emissions, and accelerate the updating of energy conservation standards for key industries and important equipment.

(XIII) Strengthen Monitoring and Accounting Capabilities. Strengthen the construction of monitoring and accounting capabilities for carbon emissions, water use, and pollutant emissions, improve relevant accounting technical specifications, and improve the authenticity, accuracy, and effectiveness of trading data. Deeply promote carbon emission monitoring pilots in key industries, and improve the technical route and implementation path of carbon emission monitoring. Strengthen water withdrawal monitoring and measurement, and comprehensively improve water resources monitoring, early warning, and management capabilities. Accelerate the construction of a pollutant discharge monitoring system.

(XIV) Improve the Financial Support System. Actively and steadily promote financial institutions to participate in the construction of the resource and environmental factor trading market, and guide financial institutions to develop financial products and services such as green credit, green insurance, and green bonds related to resource and environmental factors under the premise of complying with laws and regulations, controllable risks, and commercial sustainability. Promote financial institutions to standardize the disclosure of green finance-related information. Promote the unified registration and publicity of guarantee business related to carbon emission rights, water use rights, and pollutant discharge rights.

(XV) Improve Market Service Levels. Cultivate and develop third-party service institutions to provide comprehensive services such as resource and environmental factor accounting and verification, valuation, consulting, and training. Relevant trading platforms in the resource and environmental factor trading market can cooperate with financial institutions and third-party service institutions in accordance with laws and regulations according to actual needs to provide services such as right confirmation, circulation trading, and value assessment.

VI. Strengthen Organization and Implementation

Under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee (党中央), all regions and relevant departments should grasp the implementation of work in accordance with their responsibilities, improve reform measures in combination with actual conditions, and carry out innovative exploration. The National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展和改革委员会) should, together with relevant departments, strengthen the evaluation of work progress and analyze and study new situations and new problems. Major matters should be reported to the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院) in a timely manner in accordance with procedures.

(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29)

(Related reports on page 2)

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Contribute wisdom and talent to achieve scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening

By: 本报记者

To advance Chinese-style modernization, science and technology must lead the way, and technological innovation is the only path. The way to innovation lies in finding the right people.

"To achieve high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology in our country, we must ultimately rely on high-level innovative talents."

"Scientific researchers are the backbone of advancing Chinese-style modernization. They must show the spirit of 人生能有几回搏 (rén shēng néng yǒu jǐ huí bó - "how many chances does one have in life to strive," seize the moment and give it your all), unleash their creativity, and dedicate their talents to building a strong science and technology nation, writing a brilliant chapter."

…………

Bearing in mind the earnest entrustment of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), the vast number of science and technology workers consciously fulfill the mission of accelerating the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology, moving towards "newness" with the drive of "seizing every minute" and the tenacity of "long-term dedication," striving towards the goal of a strong science and technology nation.

"Enterprises must continuously achieve breakthroughs in core technologies"

Technological innovation can spawn new industries, new models, and new momentum, and is the core element of developing new quality productive forces.

Inside the intelligent production workshop of Luoyang Bearing Group Co., Ltd. (洛阳轴承集团股份有限公司), 20 white-painted CNC vertical machine tools are lined up. Standing next to machine tool No. 13, technical engineer Yang Fuyun (杨福云) and his colleagues are carrying out the final assault on the online production of a new type of bearing.

This intelligent factory, built in October last year, has 12 processing islands and 20 CNC lathes, with a high degree of automation in the production process. Thanks to intelligent upgrades, robotic arms, logistics AGV trolleys and other "digital co-workers" work together to complete the production and assembly of batches of high-precision bearing products here.

On May 19 this year, when General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) inspected Luoyang Bearing Group Co., Ltd. (洛阳轴承集团股份有限公司), he pointed out: "Modern manufacturing is inseparable from the empowerment of science and technology. We must vigorously strengthen technological breakthroughs and follow the path of independent innovation."

The General Secretary's instructions made Yang Fuyun (杨福云) and his colleagues feel a great sense of responsibility. "Young people must 'specialize in tackling' tough technical problems. Now we are carrying out a comprehensive process optimization of the intelligent factory to further improve the processing efficiency and capacity of the intelligent production line."

Relying on the empowerment of science and technology, Luoyang Bearing Group (洛轴集团) continues to expand new application scenarios for intelligentization, improve the efficiency of all factors of production, and promote the accelerated transformation and upgrading of traditional industries.

"Core technologies with independent intellectual property rights are the 'lifeline' of enterprises. Enterprises must continuously achieve breakthroughs in core technologies, master more key technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and control the dominant power of industrial development."

In April 2018, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) went to Fiberhome Technologies Group (烽火科技集团) for research. Yang Zhiyong (杨志勇), chairman of Wuhan Fiberhome Semiconductor Co., Ltd. (武汉二进制半导体有限公司), a subsidiary of China Information Communication Technologies Group (中国信科集团) Fiberhome Communication (烽火通信), listened to the important speech on the spot and kept it in mind.

Earnest entrustment has been transformed into a powerful driving force.

Three years ago, the heavy responsibility of tackling the domestically produced high-end automotive-grade MCU chip fell on Yang Zhiyong (杨志勇) and his team.

Without a ready-made path, they can only blaze a trail on their own.

From scheme selection to various process parameters and architecture design, to functional verification and repeated debugging... After experiencing "3 years and 3 versions" of modification and iteration, the research and development progress of the joint innovation team has been continuously "refreshed." "We must break through the 'bottleneck' problem and strive to allow new energy vehicles to use 'Chinese chips' as soon as possible," said Yang Zhiyong (杨志勇).

Today, in the fields of information industry, major equipment, and new materials, there are innovative creations of enterprises that are self-reliant and self-strengthening everywhere.

In April, the world's largest span three-tower cable-stayed bridge, the Chao (Lake) Ma (Anshan) Railway Ma'anshan Yangtze River (巢（湖）马（鞍山）铁路马鞍山长江) Public-Rail Bridge, was officially closed. This is the first engineering application of the 2100 MPa strength cable technology led by Liuzhou OVM Machinery Co., Ltd. (柳州欧维姆机械股份有限公司);

In May, TISCO (太钢集团) launched two new "hand-tear steel" products, filling the industry gap and solving China's problems in superconducting and flexible display material;

In Chengdu (成都), the process equipment for BOE's (京东方) 8.6th generation AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode) production line project was officially launched on May 20, four months ahead of the original plan, setting a new record for the construction efficiency of the same generation production line in the world;

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Vigorously strengthening technological breakthroughs, following the path of independent innovation, and accelerating the cultivation and growth of new quality productive forces, science and technology workers are exerting their efforts towards "newness," and enterprises have resilience, confidence, and strength.

"Basic research is the source of technological innovation"

Only through continuous innovation can the Chinese nation move towards a better future.

In May 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to the China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (中国电科) Institute of Industrial Technology Foundation for inspection and research. This is an important high-end core electronic device supply base and a semiconductor new device and new technology innovation base in China.

"We must aim at the country's strategic needs, systematically deploy key innovation resources, give full play to the advantages of deep integration of industry, academia, and research, and continuously achieve new breakthroughs in key core technologies."

"The General Secretary's words encourage us to continue to adhere to self-reliance and self-strengthening, and contribute to accelerating the overcoming of key core technologies," said Chen Nanting (陈南庭), captain of the Chiplet Integration Youth Commando Team of the Institute.

Chen Nanting's (陈南庭) Chiplet Integration Youth Commando Team is a young team with an average age of 32. They focus on millimeter-wave chips and strive to overcome the core technology of microwave heterogeneous integration.

Innovating the research and development model, achieving a 40% reduction in the research and development cycle, and achieving a series of breakthroughs in the field of millimeter-wave single-chip beamforming chips... "We use the 'small steps and fast runs' iteration strategy to make the rhythm of research and development to production faster and faster," said Chen Nanting (陈南庭).

At present, the high-end chips and other products developed by the team have cumulatively created hundreds of millions of yuan in output value, supporting the aviation, aerospace and other major fields to achieve quality and efficiency improvements, and injecting strong momentum into high-quality development.

The starry sky is boundless, and exploration never ends. In 2022, the Space Station Construction Youth Team of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中国航天科技集团) wrote a letter to General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), reporting on the progress of promoting the development of aerospace technology.

Soon after, they received a reply, in which the General Secretary encouraged everyone to "dare to innovate and break through, shine the dazzling brilliance of youth on the journey of pursuing dreams in space, and make new contributions to achieving high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in China's aerospace technology."

The paper is short, but the hope is infinite.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the space station, team members often repeatedly discuss and iterate around an index parameter, an instruction arrangement, or even a verbal command report.

"Everyone has a sense of responsibility that they can't let go of at all times, and an execution ability that they can't let go of in everything. We are willing to use our struggle and blood to build the Chinese people's Tiangong dream," said Shang Shuai (商帅), a member of the Space Station Construction Youth Team of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中国航天科技集团).

"Basic research is the source of technological innovation."

Accelerating the construction of first-class universities and first-class disciplines, and continuously strengthening basic research, Nankai University (南开大学) has applied a number of achievements to major and urgently needed fields such as Wentian Experimental Module (问天实验舱), pan-terminal chips, and power batteries;

Adhering to aiming at the forefront of world science and technology, the Spin Magnetic Resonance Laboratory of the University of Science and Technology of China (中国科学技术大学) has achieved a number of world firsts, providing solid support for quantum applications;

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Adhering to facing the forefront of world science and technology, facing the main economic battlefield, facing the country's major needs, and facing the people's life and health, we will accelerate the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology. Innovation and creativity are surging across the land of China, and the vast number of scientific researchers are striving to write an innovative answer sheet.

"Encourage young people to innovate boldly and be brave in innovation, so that young talents can emerge like springs"

Innovation is the source of human progress, and youth is an important force for innovation.

Inside Suzhou HYC Technology Co., Ltd. (苏州华兴源创科技股份有限公司) in Suzhou Industrial Park (苏州工业园区), R&D engineer Dong Yaming (董亚明) and his colleagues are developing a brand-new test board. "This test board will be applied to artificial intelligence chip testing, and we have overcome technical difficulties such as large current dynamic response, heat dissipation, and voltage accuracy."

In July 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) walked into this industrial testing equipment company, and he was very pleased to see the young faces next to the cutting-edge instruments and equipment.

"The General Secretary encouraged us that 'the country must achieve self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology. You are born at the right time, and it is time for you to show your talents. You must seize historical opportunities.'" Dong Yaming (董亚明) still remembers the scene at that time.

Dong Yaming's (董亚明) "Mount Everest Business Unit" is mainly composed of young people. They aim at the highest level of technical parameters and solve key problems from the source. "I am writing the code for the underlying firmware and debugging the parameters. Only by 'running' them can we promote our technical level step by step," said Dong Yaming (董亚明).

The way out for the country lies in innovation, and the future of innovation lies in youth. "Encourage young people to innovate boldly and be brave in innovation, so that young talents can emerge like springs."

The average age of the core members of the Beidou satellite (北斗卫星) team is 36; more than half of the members of the DeepSeek team are born after 1995, and those born after 1990 account for more than 75%...

They take the lead, shoulder heavy responsibilities, and play the leading role, showing their talents and "breaking the circle" on the stage of building a strong science and technology nation.

In Gusheng Village (古生村), Dali (大理), Yunnan (云南), Jin Kemo (金可默), the person in charge of the Science and Technology Small Courtyard and a young teacher at China Agricultural University (中国农业大学), leads students to work in the fields. "Rice has been transplanted, fresh corn has also begun to bear ears, and vegetables must be planted all year round. Now is the most lively time."

In Dali (大理), there are more than 120 resident teachers and students in 18 Science and Technology Small Courtyards. The "Small Courtyard Youth" solve people's livelihood and study in the service of rural revitalization. "We keep in mind the General Secretary's entrustment to 'closely integrate classroom learning with rural practice' and transform scientific and technological achievements into field technology," said Jin Kemo (金可默).

In the 2024 China International College Students' Innovation Competition, the entry "Nezha - the world's first 'sea-air integrated' cross-domain vehicle platform" led by Lv Chenxin (吕晨昕), a 2022 doctoral student at the School of Oceanography of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学), won the championship.

"The General Secretary emphasized in his reply to the student representatives participating in the competition that 'increasing skills and talents in innovative practice' has strengthened our confidence in innovation and entrepreneurship." After the competition, Lv Chenxin (吕晨昕) and his partners established the "Ether Geek Center" and achieved a number of results in the fields of statically unstable aircraft control algorithms, small liquid rocket engine systems, etc.

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"Artificial intelligence is a young cause and also a cause for young people. We are comprehensively promoting the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, which is a good time for the younger generation to show their talents and make great achievements." On April 29, 2025, during a research visit to the "Model Speed Space" Large Model Innovation Ecological Community in Shanghai (上海市“模速空间”大模型创新生态社区), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) encouraged the young scientific and technological innovation talents present.

After listening to the General Secretary's speech on the spot, Peng Bo (彭博), a doctoral student at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学), became more determined in his academic aspirations. "I will devote myself to scientific research with more high-spirited fighting spirit, be self-reliant and self-strengthening, and contribute my strength to promoting the development of artificial intelligence in our country."

"Scientific achievements are inseparable from spiritual support"

In the Westward Relocation Museum of Xi'an Jiaotong University (西安交通大学西迁博物馆), an old red train ticket carries a passionate and burning era.

This is the train pass for Jiaotong University (交大) people's westward relocation special train in 1956, with a sentence printed on it - March towards science and build the Great Northwest.

"Go to the Great Northwest! Go to the place where the motherland needs it most!"

The oath is unrepentant. For more than 60 years, the "Westward Relocation Spirit" has gathered generations of westward relocation science and technology workers, who have written scientific research results on the land of Shaanxi (三秦大地) with their youth and sweat.

On April 22, 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) walked into the Westward Relocation Museum of Jiaotong University (交大西迁博物馆), cordially met with 14 old professors who had relocated westward, and encouraged the vast number of teachers and students to vigorously promote the "Westward Relocation Spirit," seize the new opportunities of the new era, make contributions in the places where the motherland needs them most, and create historical achievements belonging to our generation on the new journey.

Responding to the call, a year later, Wu Ge (吴戈), who had returned from studying abroad with enthusiasm for the country's science and technology cause, rushed to the Great Northwest without hesitation, settled in Xi'an Jiaotong University (西安交通大学), and engaged in the research and development of ultra-strong and tough alloys. At the beginning of this year, Wu Ge's (吴戈) team published a paper in the top international journal Science, successfully designing an ultra-strong and tough alloy with both ultra-high strength and excellent elongation, injecting new vitality into the research and development of advanced structural materials in China.

"Scientific achievements are inseparable from spiritual support. The spirit of scientists is a valuable spiritual wealth accumulated by science and technology workers in long-term scientific practice." From the "Westward Relocation Spirit" to the "Two Bombs and One Satellite" spirit (两弹一星), from the manned spaceflight spirit to the lunar exploration spirit... The spirit of scientists praised by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) is a valuable spiritual wealth left by generations of scientists who are concerned about the motherland and the people on the journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Before the Spring Festival in 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) went to Guizhou (贵州) for inspection, cordially met with the person in charge and scientific research backbone of the "China Sky Eye" (中国天眼) project, and listened to relevant information. The General Secretary also inspected the "China Sky Eye" site through video and connected with representatives of science and technology workers in the general control room.

"I hope that everyone will take Comrade Nan Rendong (南仁东) as an example, promote the spirit of scientists, bravely climb the peak of world science and technology, accelerate the transformation from following to running alongside and leading, maintain leading advantages in some fields, and make greater contributions to building a strong science and technology nation and achieving self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology."

The affectionate message is both encouragement and spur.

"The General Secretary's encouragement made me feel that I have a heavy responsibility on my shoulders," said Sun Chun (孙纯), a measurement and control engineer at "China Sky Eye" (中国天眼).

Responsible for the formulation of observation tasks, Sun Chun (孙纯) needs to select qualified stars from thousands of stars to be observed every day and reasonably arrange the observation time. "This is related to the efficient operation of 'China Sky Eye' (中国天眼), which requires meticulousness and stability. If it doesn't operate well, how can I be worthy of the country!"

The more scientific research climbs upward, the more it needs the leading inspiration of the spirit of scientists.

After more than 150,000 experiments and continuously breaking world records, the Youth Innovation Pioneer Team of High Magnetic Field Technology of the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院) has achieved the "China Speed" in the development of strong magnetic field technology;

After encountering 217 failures in a row, the New Generation Explosives Youth Innovation Team of Nanjing University of Science and Technology (南京理工大学) took the lead in synthesizing high-energy pentazolate anion salts that are stable at room temperature, overcoming the problems that have plagued the global explosives field;

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"Practice has proved that China's independent innovation cause has great potential, and China's vast number of science and technology workers have great potential." General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) encouragement always inspires people to forge ahead.

"How many chances does one have in life to strive" "Unleash your creativity"...

On the new journey of Chinese-style modernization, batches of science and technology workers shoulder historical responsibilities, unswervingly follow the path of independent innovation, strive to overcome key core technologies, write papers on the land of the motherland, and continuously devote their efforts and sweat to the places where the country and the people need them most.

(Reporters Wu Yuehui (吴月辉), Yu Sinan (喻思南), Liu Shiyao (刘诗瑶), Gu Yekai (谷业凯), Fan Haotian (范昊天), Bi Jingjin (毕京津), Zhang Danhua (张丹华) of this newspaper)

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China embarks on asteroid exploration and sample return mission

This Xichang (西昌) dispatch from our newspaper on May 29th (Yu Sinan (喻思南), Cai Jinman (蔡金曼)) -- According to the State Space Administration (国家航天局), at 1:31 AM on May 29th, China successfully launched the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) probe of the planetary exploration project using the Long March 3B Y110 carrier rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (西昌卫星发射中心). After approximately 18 minutes of flight, the rocket sent the probe into a transfer orbit from Earth to asteroid 2016HO3. Subsequently, the probe's solar panels deployed normally, and the launch mission was a complete success.

The Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission consists of five major systems: the overall project, the probe, the carrier rocket, launch and recovery, telemetry, tracking and command (TT&C), and ground application. It includes 13 flight phases, such as the launch phase and the asteroid transfer phase. The main mission objective of Tianwen-2 (天问二号) is to explore and sample asteroid 2016HO3 and return to Earth, and then conduct scientific exploration of main-belt comet 311P. (Related reports on page 7)

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The 41st Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition Team Completes All Research Tasks

Beijing, May 29th (Reporter Liu Shiyao (刘诗瑶)) The reporter learned from the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部) that on May 28th, the icebreaker "Xuelong 2" (雪龙2号) polar research vessel arrived in Haikou (海口), Hainan (海南), marking the successful completion of all survey tasks by the 41st Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition. "Xuelong 2" (雪龙2号) departed from Guangzhou (广州) on November 1, 2024, lasting 208 days, with a total voyage of more than 40,000 nautical miles.

This expedition is China's first joint voyage in the Antarctic autumn, with the Ross Sea ecosystem as the main research object, successfully realizing the extension of traditional Antarctic expeditions from summer to the more severe autumn and winter seasons.

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National investment in non-oil and gas geological exploration has increased for four consecutive years.

This newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 29th (Reported by Chang Qin (常钦)) Recently, the General Office of the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部) issued the "2024 National Non-Oil and Gas Geological Exploration Statistical Annual Report," which shows that in 2024, the national non-oil and gas geological exploration investment was 22.957 billion yuan, an increase of 14.4% year-on-year, achieving positive growth for four consecutive years.

The "Annual Report" shows that from the perspective of the investment direction of national non-oil and gas geological exploration funds in 2024, mineral exploration was 13.917 billion yuan, accounting for 60.6% of the total, an increase of 18.4% year-on-year; basic geological survey was 2.656 billion yuan, accounting for 11.6% of the total, an increase of 19.5% year-on-year; hydrogeology, environmental geology, and geological disaster investigation and evaluation were 4.122 billion yuan, accounting for 17.9% of the total, an increase of 7.6% year-on-year. In 2024, 4,068 mineral exploration projects were implemented, an increase of 7.3% year-on-year; the completed drilling workload was 10.19 million meters, an increase of 12.5% year-on-year.

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Introduction

Theory

Comprehensively and accurately understand the theoretical contributions and practical value of the new development concept.

Ninth Edition

Narrate and promote the spirit of scientists

Enable more scientific research talents to display their talents and 大显身手 (dà xiǎn shēn shǒu - "fully display one's abilities," to demonstrate great skill or talent).

Sixth Edition

Supplement

Dragon Soars in the East

—The Birth of the J-10
Twentieth Edition

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Consolidating and expanding poverty alleviation achievements without slackening, and smoothly and orderly transitioning to normalized assistance.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29th. Liu Guozhong (刘国中), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, attended a meeting in Beijing (北京) on May 29th regarding consolidating and expanding the achievements in poverty alleviation and effectively connecting them with rural revitalization. He emphasized the need to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speeches and instructions, implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, unremittingly consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation, smoothly and orderly transition to normalized assistance, and permanently safeguard the bottom line of preventing large-scale relapse into poverty.

Liu Guozhong (刘国中) emphasized that this year is the last year of the transition period, and it is necessary to strengthen responsibility and earnestly grasp the work of consolidating and expanding the achievements in poverty alleviation. It is necessary to optimize the monitoring and assistance system, focus on stabilizing employment for those lifted out of poverty, promote the improvement of assistance industries by category, and improve the long-term management mechanism of assistance project assets. It is necessary to deepen East-West collaboration and targeted assistance, and fully mobilize social forces to participate. It is necessary to strengthen the application of assessment results, 举一反三 (jǔ yī fǎn sān - "infer the rest from one fact," draw inferences about other cases from one instance), comprehensively investigate and rectify problems, strictly control acceptance, and promote the rectification of problems. It is necessary to improve work style, strictly prevent formalism and bureaucracy, effectively reduce the burden on the grassroots, and promote the implementation of work by changing work style.

Liu Guozhong (刘国中) emphasized that after the transition period, it is necessary to continue to grasp the normalized assistance for rural low-income people and underdeveloped areas. It is necessary to adhere to seeking progress while maintaining stability, establishing before abolishing, adhering to hierarchical classification and precise assistance, taking development-oriented assistance as the top priority, optimizing and improving assistance policies, ensuring a smooth transition and seamless connection, and building a more solid line of defense against relapse into poverty.

Responsible comrades from various provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) and relevant central departments attended the meeting. The 8 eastern provinces (municipalities) and 10 western provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) signed a cooperation agreement for 2025 at the meeting.

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Thoroughly and meticulously investigate safety hazards around us, and continuously strengthen the people's line of defense for safe production.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29th. Zhang Guoqing (张国清), Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, attended the launching ceremony of the 2025 National "Safe Production Month" activity in Beijing on the 29th and delivered a speech. He emphasized the need to thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions and directives on safe production, implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, focus on identifying safety hazards around us with the theme of "Everyone talks about safety, everyone knows how to respond to emergencies," tighten and solidify safety production responsibilities and measures, and earnestly implement the overall planning of development and security.

Zhang Guoqing (张国清) emphasized that carrying out the National "Safe Production Month" activity is to deeply study and understand General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions and directives on safe production, profoundly learn from the recent accidents, always keep the string of safe production tight, focus on key industries and fields such as fire protection, hazardous chemicals, gas, mines, transportation, and construction, and resolutely prevent and curb the occurrence of major and serious accidents. We must adhere to looking downward and focusing on the grassroots, comprehensively investigate and rectify safety risks and hidden dangers, conduct more unannounced visits and inspections, go directly to the front line of the site, highlight professional inspections, improve the quality and efficiency of investigations, and implement the responsibility of "three managements must manage" to the grassroots level. We must adhere to extensive mobilization and broad participation, do a good job in the "five entries" of safety publicity, carry out safety training and drills on a regular basis, enhance public awareness of risk prevention and self-rescue and mutual rescue capabilities, and build a solid people's defense line for safe production. As the Dragon Boat Festival is approaching, we must do a good job in the safety management and maintenance of special equipment such as amusement facilities, strictly implement risk avoidance measures such as limiting the flow of scenic spots in severe weather and prohibiting and restricting the navigation of passenger ships and dragon boats to ensure that the masses have a safe holiday.

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Dedication and Contribution on a 6 Million Kilometer Transportation Network (Authoritative Release)

By: 本报记者 韩 鑫

Transportation: A Pioneer in Chinese-Style Modernization. Today's China boasts the world's largest high-speed railway network, highway network, and world-class port clusters. Aviation and maritime transport reach across the globe, and the total mileage of the comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network exceeds 6 million kilometers. Behind the continuous new steps in building a transportation powerhouse are the countless transportation workers who have taken on responsibilities and dedicated themselves silently.

On May 29th, the State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办) held a meeting with Chinese and foreign journalists on "Strivers on the New Journey," where five representatives from the transportation sector met and exchanged views with Chinese and foreign journalists on "Accelerating the Construction of a Transportation Powerhouse and Courageously Being a Pioneer." Among them, some are fighting on the forefront of science and technology, writing papers on the land; some are working hard on the front lines of engineering, spreading roads across towering mountains; and some are cruising the blue ocean, protecting the safety of transportation in one area.

"I am an engineer and a scientific researcher," proudly introduced Tian Bo (田波), Deputy Director of the Basic Research and Innovation Center of the Highway Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Transport (交通运输部公路科学研究院). Over the past 20 years, through continuous research, they have not only made heavy-duty cement concrete pavements "maintenance-free for 30 years," but also achieved technological breakthroughs in the shallow treatment of permafrost foundations.

In order to extend the service life of highways in permafrost areas, Tian Bo (田波) and his team traveled to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) and set up experimental sheds on construction sites at minus 27 degrees Celsius, squatting for 40 days at a time. "One scene after another made me deeply understand the weight of 'writing papers on the land of the motherland'," Tian Bo (田波) said with emotion. After arduous treks, they finally achieved technological breakthroughs and achieved good results.

The Three Gorges ship lift (三峡升船机) is the world's largest "ship elevator," and its construction, operation, and maintenance are all world-class problems.

"It is the mission of every Three Gorges navigation person to manage, use, and protect the 'national heavy equipment'," said Li Ran (李然), Director of the Navigation Engineering Technology Center of the Changjiang Three Gorges Navigation Authority (长江三峡通航管理局), with this mission, leading his team to participate in the construction and commissioning of the entire ship lift on site. After many experiments, they achieved a number of original results and successfully established the Three Gorges ship lift operation and maintenance system.

"Our technological achievements have been transformed from 'bringing in' to 'going out'. Now when I speak on the stage, international colleagues take notes!" Li Ran (李然) said, "Whenever I see the smiles on the faces of tourists experiencing the ship lift, I feel sincerely proud."

On December 30, 2024, the world's longest highway tunnel, the Tianshan Victory Tunnel (天山胜利隧道), was fully connected. Crossing the Tianshan Mountains (天山), the TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) played a key role. "If the TBM is an 'underground dragon', then the operator is a 'dragon tamer'," Cui Huaxin (崔华新), the Tianshan Victory Tunnel "Tianshan (天山) " TBM operator of China Communications Construction Company (中交集团), clearly remembers that when crossing a fault zone with a depth of 30 kilometers, mud and rocks gushed out instantly. It was the "national heavy equipment" of "Tianshan (天山) " that helped the builders to successfully overcome the difficulties. The fault zone, which was originally planned to be crossed in half a year, was finally successfully passed in only 80 days.

During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, great progress has been made in the manufacturing technology of domestic TBMs. "The TBMs I operated earliest were all imported, and not only was the technology monopolized, but the price was also expensive," Cui Huaxin (崔华新) introduced. Nowadays, domestic TBM equipment and technology are constantly iterating, promoting the transportation industry to move towards a more efficient, safe, green, and intelligent direction.

As China's first female ocean-going public service ship captain, since joining the work in 2013, Zhan Chunpei (詹春珮), captain of the "Haixun 01 (海巡01)" ship of the Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration (上海海事局), not only shoulders the responsibility of ensuring the safety and smooth flow of water traffic, but also undertakes the mission of safeguarding national sovereignty and the interests of the people.

"The 'Haixun 01 (海巡01)' ship I am on is China's first large-scale cruise rescue law enforcement ship with both maritime supervision and rescue functions." After more than 10 years of sailing, Zhan Chunpei (詹春珮) has witnessed the growing strength of the motherland. "In recent years, the cruise security tasks have become more abundant. In addition to the daily special cruise for water traffic safety in the jurisdiction, we have also participated in escorting the maiden voyage of domestic large cruise ships, sea trials of large ships, cruising offshore wind farms, and ensuring green energy refueling at ports."

The blue ocean has "cruise ships," and the vast mountains have "messengers." In Chengan Township (称杆乡), Lushui City (泸水市), Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture (怒江傈僳族自治州), Yunnan (云南), Sang Nancai (桑南才), a China Post (中国邮政) deliveryman, has transformed himself into a bridge connecting 20,000 people in the depths of the mountains with the outside world.

"I have walked a 486-kilometer postal route for 37 years," Sang Nancai (桑南才) recalled. In the past, the postal route was rugged, the mountains were high and the roads were narrow, and a delivery trip took 6 days. Today, with the great improvement of transportation conditions, postal vehicles can drive directly into the villages, and 356 border natural villages in Nujiang Prefecture (怒江州) are directly connected to postal services, and all of them have achieved 3 deliveries per week, so that people can enjoy postal express services without leaving their homes.

Transportation and logistics have been given technological wings, and the postal route underfoot has been widened. Sang Nancai (桑南才) told everyone: "I am going to participate in the study and examination of drone flying, and in the future, I will be able to use drones to deliver express delivery to the villagers more conveniently."

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Guiding the Orderly Flow and Optimized Allocation of Resource and Environmental Factors (Policy Interpretation)

By: 本报记者 刘志强

In recent days, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央办公厅) and the General Office of the State Council (国务院办公厅) issued the "Opinions on Improving the Market-Oriented Allocation System of Resource and Environmental Factors" (《关于健全资源环境要素市场化配置体系的意见》, hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"). Regarding the background, overall considerations, and main objectives of the "Opinions," the relevant responsible comrade of the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) answered questions from reporters.

Q: What is the background for the issuance of the "Opinions"?

A: Relative scarcity of resources and limited environmental capacity are China's (中国) basic national conditions. In recent years, all regions and departments have conscientiously implemented the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the State Council (国务院), combined with domestic realities, and drawn on international experience to actively explore market-oriented mechanisms to solve the bottleneck constraints of resources and the environment, achieving remarkable results. China (中国) has established a national carbon emission trading market, a national voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market, and the China Water Exchange (中国水权交易所), and has carried out carbon emission trading pilots in Beijing (北京), Tianjin (天津), Shanghai (上海), Chongqing (重庆), Hubei (湖北), Guangdong (广东), and Fujian (福建), energy use rights trading pilots in Zhejiang (浙江), Fujian (福建), Henan (河南), and Sichuan (四川), water use rights trading pilots in Ningxia (宁夏), Jiangxi (江西), Hubei (湖北), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), Henan (河南), Gansu (甘肃), and Guangdong (广东), and pollution discharge rights trading pilots in 28 provinces, and the relevant trading systems and trading markets are becoming increasingly mature.

At the same time, it should also be noted that China's (中国) market-oriented process of resource and environmental factors is still in its initial stage, facing problems such as imperfect management systems, a lack of diverse trading entities and methods, and insufficient policy coordination and information sharing.

The issuance and implementation of the "Opinions" is conducive to establishing the concept of "resources and the environment are valuable" in the whole society, guiding the orderly flow, optimized allocation, and improved efficiency of resource and environmental factors, gathering towards green and low-carbon development, and supporting the development of new quality productive forces.

Q: What are the key tasks deployed in the "Opinions"?

A: The "Opinions" deploy four key tasks, focusing on the key areas, crucial links, and basic support for the market-oriented allocation of resource and environmental factors.

First, improve the quota allocation system for resource and environmental factors. Strengthen the connection between carbon emission rights, water use rights, and pollution discharge rights trading and related resource and environmental goals and management systems, improve the relevant quota allocation and transfer systems, and explore the implementation of compensated allocation on the basis of free allocation.

Second, optimize the scope of resource and environmental factor trading. Expand the industry coverage of the carbon market, expand trading entities, trading varieties, and trading methods. Improve the market-oriented mechanism for energy conservation, and promote the orderly withdrawal of energy use rights trading pilots. Enrich the types of water use rights trading. Continue to deepen pollution discharge rights trading, establish and improve the pollution discharge rights trading system on a provincial basis, and explore cross-provincial pollution discharge rights trading.

Third, improve the trading system for resource and environmental factors. Orderly incorporate carbon emission rights, water use rights, pollution discharge rights, and other transactions into the public resource trading platform system, improve the confirmation, registration, mortgage, and circulation systems for resource and environmental factors, improve the reserve adjustment system for resource and environmental factors, classify and improve the price formation mechanism for resource and environmental factors, and increase supervision over trading institutions, trading entities, and third-party service institutions.

Fourth, strengthen the basic capacity building for resource and environmental factor trading. Study and improve relevant laws and regulations, scientifically formulate and revise relevant standards, strengthen the capacity building for monitoring and accounting of carbon emissions, water use, and pollutant emissions, improve the financial support system, cultivate and develop third-party institutions, and improve the level of market services.

Q: How to promote the effective implementation of the "Opinions"?

A: On the one hand, focus on the implementation of tasks. All regions and relevant departments should, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, focus on the main goals and key tasks, combine with actual conditions to improve reform measures, carry out innovative explorations, and promote the early implementation and effectiveness of reform measures. On the other hand, strengthen assessment and analysis. The National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) will, together with relevant departments, strengthen the assessment of work progress, analyze and study new situations and new problems, and promote the continuous deepening of the market-oriented allocation reform of resource and environmental factors.

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Where to travel by tourist train during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday (Information Desk)

By: 本报记者 李心萍

What tourist destinations are accessible by tourist train during the upcoming Dragon Boat Festival holiday?

China State Railway Group (国铁集团) data shows that more than 600 tourist trains have been operated nationwide this year, an increase of more than 20% year-on-year. During the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, railway departments will operate 15 tourist special trains across railway administrations, including routes from Harbin (哈尔滨), Heilongjiang (黑龙江), Dalian (大连), Liaoning (辽宁), and Guangzhou (广州), Guangdong (广东) to Urumqi (乌鲁木齐) and Kashgar (喀什), Xinjiang (新疆), from Wuchang (武昌), Hubei (湖北) and Chengdu (成都), Sichuan (四川) to Harbin (哈尔滨), Heilongjiang (黑龙江) and Hailar (海拉尔), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), and from Shangrao (上饶), Jiangxi (江西) to Shanhaiguan (山海关), Hebei (河北) and Tahe (塔河), Heilongjiang (黑龙江), among other routes.

How to board a tourist train?

A reporter's investigation found that some tourist trains rely on existing railway operating sections and operate between popular cities. Consumers can purchase tickets for the corresponding train numbers on the Railway 12306 platform. Taking the "Qilu No. 1" (齐鲁1号) tourist train as an example, one group is dispatched every day, traveling from Jinan (济南), Shandong (山东) to Zaozhuang (枣庄), Weihai (威海), and then back to Jinan (济南). The entire journey takes two days, stopping at 22 stations, and implements the national unified pricing standard for ordinary passenger trains. Consumers can purchase tickets for any section of this train on the Railway 12306 platform.

Some tourist trains are tourist special trains, such as the "Panda Special Train" (熊猫专列), "Yichun" (伊春号), and "Dahe Zhi Nan" (大河之南号) brand trains. The operating routes are generally adjusted according to seasonal changes and passenger demand, and can connect multiple tourist attractions. The train stops and waits at the scenic spot stations, realizing a flexible arrangement of "the train follows the people." Consumers can check these special trains in the "Tickets · Tourism" section of the Railway 12306 platform.

How do tourist trains differ from ordinary trains?

Taking "Qilu No. 1" (齐鲁1号) as an example, tourist trains are more comfortable. They have been upgraded for comfort based on ordinary speed trains, with 2 dining cars and 2 entertainment function cars. There are also various functional areas such as bars, tea rooms, chess and card rooms, and couple's seating viewing areas, which can meet the diverse tourism needs of family travel, couple travel, and senior travel. Traveling is more convenient. During the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, the China Railway Jinan Bureau (国铁济南局) and local governments jointly opened tourist special lines to key scenic spots at all stations and set up convenient cultural and tourism stations. Many scenic spots also offer value-added services such as shuttle buses directly from the railway station to the scenic spot and free explanations. There are discounts for travel. Passengers on "Qilu No. 1" (齐鲁1号) can enjoy discounts at A-level tourist attractions and star-rated hotels along the route with their tickets.

How to enjoy a tourist train ride?

In Jiangxi (江西), take the around Poyang Lake (鄱阳湖) tourist train from Nanchang (南昌), passing through Yingtan North (鹰潭北), Shangrao (上饶), Jingdezhen North (景德镇北), Jiujiang (九江), Gongqingcheng (共青城) and other stations, you can experience summer resorts, intangible cultural heritage skills and scenic views, enjoy flowers and lakes, and watch birds and taste tea. In the Northeast, take the "Shenshui Zhiyang" (沈水之阳号) train to embark on the golden tourist route from Shenyang (沈阳), Liaoning (辽宁) to Arxan (阿尔山), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古). Sleep through the night, and when you wake up, you can see the rhododendron flower sea and taste delicacies such as Guo Bao Rou (锅包肉) and roasted whole lamb. There is also the age-friendly train "Dahe Zhi Nan" (大河之南号), from Zhengzhou (郑州), Henan (河南) to Guizhou (贵州) and Yunnan (云南), first visit the Xijiang Miao Village (西江苗寨) in Guizhou (贵州), and then go to Yunnan (云南) to enjoy Dianchi Lake (滇池), visit Dali (大理), and climb Jade Dragon Snow Mountain (玉龙雪山). On May 31, "Dahe Zhi Nan" (大河之南号) will also operate short-distance trains within the province, where you can go to Kaifeng (开封) to enjoy the night tour of the Great Song Dynasty (大宋梦华), explore the dinosaur world in Nanyang (南阳), and go to Xinxiang (新乡) Baoquan Mountain (宝泉山) for a parent-child tour.

"Next, 'Dahe Zhi Nan' (大河之南号) will create high-quality age-friendly tourist routes with distinct seasons," said Han Zhiwei (韩志伟), Deputy General Manager of the China Railway Zhengzhou Bureau (国铁郑州局) Tourism Group. The spring season will focus on themes such as "Poetic Jiangnan" (诗意江南), the summer and autumn seasons will launch routes such as "Beautiful Xinjiang" (大美新疆) and "Longshu Fenghua" (陇蜀风华), and the winter season will operate themed special lines such as "Frozen" (冰雪奇缘) and "Guangxi Landscape" (山水广西).

"During peak travel periods such as the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, railway departments prioritize ensuring the travel needs of ordinary passengers," said the relevant person in charge of the Passenger Transport Department of China State Railway Group (国铁集团客运部). After the holiday, more tourist special trains will be planned and operated as appropriate.

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Nearly 500 Digital Technology Companies Established by Central State-Owned Enterprises

This newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 29th (Reporter Wang Yunshan (王云杉)) - This reporter learned from the National Data Administration (国家数据局): Central enterprises have established nearly 500 digital technology companies. Approximately 66% of leading enterprises in various industries have purchased data, and the enthusiasm for data development and utilization is continuously increasing.

Since the introduction of the "‘Data Element ×’ Three-Year Action Plan (2024-2026)," the multiplier effect of data elements has been powerfully released, and positive progress has been made in the marketization and valuation of data.

High-value scenarios are constantly emerging. For example, in the transportation sector, focusing on scenarios such as highways and multimodal transportation, effectively improving transportation efficiency; in emergency management, focusing on risk identification and safe production, using diversified data fusion applications to solve complex environmental safety early warning problems.

The enabling role of data elements is becoming increasingly apparent. In the industrial field, some large leading enterprises have shortened the R&D cycle and procurement delivery cycle of high-end products by more than 30% and reduced the inventory cycle from 3 months to 1 month by aggregating industry chain data such as R&D, logistics, inventory, and price information. In the agricultural field, some planting enterprises have comprehensively increased yields by 5.5% through data-enabled fertilization, and some breeding enterprises have increased the total amount of marine biological resources in marine pastures by 5.3 times.

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Opinions on Establishing a Sound Market-Based Allocation System for Resource and Environmental Factors by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council

To improve the efficiency of resource and environmental factor utilization, it is crucial to enhance the market-based allocation system for resource and environmental factors and promote the market-based trading of carbon emission rights, water rights, and pollution discharge rights. To deepen the market-based allocation reform of resource and environmental factors, with the consent of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council, the following opinions are hereby proposed.

I. Overall Requirements

Guided by Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 20th Central Committee, fully implement Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Economic Thought and Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Thought on Ecological Civilization, adhere to and strengthen the Party's overall leadership, adhere to the general principle of seeking progress while maintaining stability, adhere to an effective market and a capable government, adhere to a problem-oriented and classified policy approach, adhere to a goal-oriented and coordinated promotion approach, adhere to a gradual and orderly approach and prevent risks, establish and improve the resource and environmental factor quota allocation, market transaction, and supervision and management systems, improve the resource and environmental factor trading market, improve the resource and environmental factor market-based allocation system with clear rights and responsibilities, smooth operation, and efficient coordination, promote resource and environmental factors to support the development of new quality productive forces, coordinate and promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, and accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development.

The main goals are: By 2027, the carbon emission rights and water rights trading systems will be basically improved, the pollution discharge rights trading system will be established and improved, the market-based energy conservation mechanism will be more sound, the resource and environmental factor trading market will be more active, the price formation mechanism will be more sound, the smooth flow and efficient allocation of resource and environmental factors will be promoted, the market potential will be fully released, and the supporting role for achieving relevant resource and environmental goals will be effectively enhanced.

II. Improve the Resource and Environmental Factor Quota Allocation System

(1) Strengthen the connection of resource and environmental goals. Strengthen the connection between carbon emission rights trading and the dual control system of carbon emissions, and promote the gradual transition of the national carbon emission rights trading market from intensity control to quota total control. Strictly control the total amount and intensity of water use, and promote the connection of water rights trading, river water allocation, water resources dispatch, water withdrawal permit management, planned water use management, and water withdrawal supervision and other systems. Strengthen the connection between pollution discharge rights and pollution discharge permits and other systems, and promote the establishment of a pollution discharge rights trading system with pollution discharge permits as the certificate of confirmation and the carrier of supervision.

(2) Improve the quota allocation and transfer system. Taking into account carbon emission control targets, industry development stages, historical emission conditions, etc., optimize the carbon emission quota allocation plan, steadily promote the allocation method combining free and paid allocation, and orderly increase the proportion of paid allocation. Adhere to determining water use based on water availability and acting according to water quantity, highlight the guidance of water conservation, coordinate the needs of domestic, production, and ecological water use, improve the initial allocation system of water rights, and clarify regional water rights, water withdrawal rights, and irrigation water user water rights. Explore the implementation of paid transfer of water rights in areas with severe water shortages and overloads, and new industrial water use shall in principle be obtained through paid acquisition in the water rights trading market. Strengthen the connection between pollution discharge rights verification and permitted emissions, and the classified management directory of pollution discharge rights trading entities and pollution discharge units, and accelerate the construction of a pollution discharge rights verification technology system that reflects the guidance of continuous improvement of environmental quality, industry technology level, and pollutant emission characteristics. Promote the implementation of paid initial allocation of key pollutant discharge rights in the atmospheric and water fields.

III. Optimize the Scope of Resource and Environmental Factor Transactions

(3) Improve the scope of carbon market coverage. Combining the needs of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, the potential for carbon reduction in industries, and the basis for carbon emission accounting, steadily expand the industry coverage of the national carbon emission rights trading market, expand trading entities, and enrich trading varieties and trading methods. Improve the national greenhouse gas voluntary emission reduction trading market and gradually expand the areas of support. Strengthen the connection between green certificates and the national carbon emission rights trading market and the national greenhouse gas voluntary emission reduction trading market to avoid trading entities from repeatedly benefiting from green certificate trading and national greenhouse gas voluntary emission reduction trading. Based on the self-construction of the domestic market, actively promote connection and mutual recognition with relevant international mechanisms.

(4) Improve the market-based energy conservation mechanism. Adhere to the principle of giving priority to conservation, improve the energy conservation management system throughout the entire chain of energy production and consumption, develop comprehensive service models such as energy conservation consulting, diagnosis, design, financing, transformation, and trusteeship, and continuously expand the energy conservation service industry. Strengthen the connection and coordination between energy use rights trading and carbon emission rights trading, and in combination with the development of the national carbon emission rights trading market, promote the orderly withdrawal of energy use rights trading pilots in relevant regions to avoid repeated performance and increase the burden on enterprises.

(5) Enrich the types of water rights transactions. Actively explore and standardize the promotion of water rights transactions across provincial administrative regions in key river basins such as the Yellow River (黄河). Promote industrial enterprises and irrigation districts to strengthen water-saving transformation, and support the participation of surplus water in water rights market transactions. Encourage social capital to obtain reasonable returns by participating in the construction and operation of water-saving projects such as water-saving irrigation and transferring water rights for saved water. Promote the trading of unconventional water such as reclaimed water, collected rainwater, desalinated seawater, mine pit (well) water, and brackish water in accordance with local conditions, and improve relevant systems.

(6) Continue to deepen pollution discharge rights trading. Establish and improve the system of paid use and trading of pollution discharge rights in accordance with local conditions with provincial administrative regions as units, expand trading entities, and enrich trading varieties and trading methods. Support various regions to orderly expand the types and regional scope of pollution discharge rights trading according to the needs of pollution prevention and control. Deepen the integrated pollution discharge rights trading in the Yangtze River Delta (长三角) region. Explore the carrying out of pollution discharge rights trading across provincial administrative regions within the same river basin.

IV. Improve the Resource and Environmental Factor Trading System

(7) Incorporate into the public resource trading platform system. According to the progress of the market-based allocation reform of resource and environmental factors, in accordance with the principle of "maturing one, incorporating one," orderly incorporate transactions of carbon emission rights, water rights, pollution discharge rights, etc. into the public resource trading platform system to promote the aggregation and sharing of transaction data. Strengthen the summary of pilot experiences, straighten out the relationship between local markets and the national market, no longer build new local or regional carbon emission rights trading markets, strengthen guidance and supervision of local carbon emission rights trading markets, and accelerate the construction of a unified national water rights trading market.

(8) Strengthen the construction of trading rules. Improve the systems for confirming, registering, mortgaging, and transferring resource and environmental factors, clean up policies that do not meet the requirements of reform in accordance with regulations, improve rules for data collection, product trading, information release, supervision and management, etc., and improve business processes, data management, risk prevention and other systems.

(9) Improve the reserve adjustment system. Establish and improve the reserve adjustment system for resource and environmental factors, and form a reserve of resource and environmental factors through methods such as reserving initial quotas, recovering expired quotas, repurchasing surplus quotas, and developing incremental quotas. According to management goals, development needs, market supply and demand conditions, etc., timely and appropriately store, sell, and release relevant resource and environmental factors to strengthen market regulation and expectation guidance.

(10) Improve the price formation mechanism. Adhere to the market-oriented principle, improve the price formation mechanism for resource and environmental factors by category, fully reflect market supply and demand relationships, resource scarcity, environmental damage costs, and ecological product value, give play to the role of price leverage, and promote the efficient and rational allocation of resource and environmental factors. Relying on the resource and environmental factor trading market, establish and improve relevant systems such as price monitoring and information release.

(11) Increase market supervision. Strengthen the supervision of resource and environmental factor trading institutions, trading entities, and third-party service institutions, and investigate and deal with behaviors such as data fraud, illegal and irregular transactions, and market manipulation in accordance with laws and regulations. Strengthen the whole-process supervision of water rights transactions, and strengthen the supervision of the impact of water rights transactions on third parties and the ecological impact. Accelerate the construction of a credit system for the resource and environmental factor trading market, disclose credit information and punish serious dishonest behaviors in accordance with laws and regulations. Strengthen the information network security construction of the trading system, improve the data security protection system, and prevent the leakage of sensitive data and information.

V. Strengthen the Construction of Basic Capabilities for Resource and Environmental Factor Trading

(12) Improve laws and standards. Study and improve relevant legal systems to further clarify the trading principles of resource and environmental factors. Scientifically formulate and revise standards for carbon emission accounting, water use quotas, and pollutant emissions, and accelerate the updating of energy conservation standards for key industries and important equipment.

(13) Strengthen monitoring and accounting capabilities. Strengthen the construction of monitoring and accounting capabilities for carbon emissions, water use, and pollutant emissions, improve relevant accounting technical specifications, and improve the authenticity, accuracy, and effectiveness of transaction data. Deeply promote carbon emission monitoring pilots in key industries, and improve the technical route and implementation path of carbon emission monitoring. Strengthen water withdrawal monitoring and measurement, and comprehensively improve water resources monitoring, early warning, and management capabilities. Accelerate the construction of a pollution discharge monitoring system.

(14) Improve the financial support system. Actively and steadily promote financial institutions to participate in the construction of the resource and environmental factor trading market, and guide financial institutions to develop financial products and services such as green credit, green insurance, and green bonds related to resource and environmental factors under the premise of compliance with laws and regulations, controllable risks, and commercial sustainability. Promote financial institutions to standardize the disclosure of green finance-related information. Promote the unified registration and publicity of guarantee businesses related to carbon emission rights, water rights, and pollution discharge rights.

(15) Improve market service levels. Cultivate and develop third-party service institutions to provide comprehensive services such as resource and environmental factor accounting and verification, valuation, consulting, and training. Relevant trading platforms in the resource and environmental factor trading market may cooperate with financial institutions and third-party service institutions in accordance with laws and regulations to provide services such as confirmation of ownership, circulation transactions, and value evaluation.

VI. Strengthen Organization and Implementation

Under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, all regions and relevant departments should grasp the implementation of work in accordance with their responsibilities, improve reform measures in combination with actual conditions, and carry out innovative exploration. The National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) should, together with relevant departments, strengthen the evaluation of work progress and analyze and study new situations and new problems. Major matters should be reported to the Party Central Committee and the State Council in a timely manner in accordance with procedures.

(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29)

(Related reports on page 2)

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Contributing Chinese Wisdom to Improving Global Health Governance

By: 本报记者  刘  赫

From May 19 to 27, the 78th World Health Assembly was held in Geneva (日内瓦), Switzerland. The theme of this year's conference was "Creating a Healthy World Together," covering topics such as universal health coverage, non-communicable diseases, and public health emergency response. The Chinese delegation deeply participated in the discussions on various topics of the conference, hosted multiple side events, introduced China's development experience in related fields, promoted the vivid practice of global health exchange and cooperation, and contributed Chinese wisdom to improving global health governance, which was widely praised.

"China has demonstrated global leadership in the field of digital health"

On May 19, China, together with Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚), Peru (秘鲁), Tanzania (坦桑尼亚), and Thailand (泰国), jointly hosted a side event on the theme of "Digital Intelligence Empowers Primary Health Care to Promote Universal Health Coverage." Wu Liying (吴丽英), from the Health Bureau of Jingning She Autonomous County (景宁畲族自治县) in Zhejiang Province (浙江省), China, presented a set of photos introducing China's "AI + Smart Mobile Hospital" practice.

"Jingning County is located in a mountainous area, and many villages are far from the county's health institutions. The mobile medical patrol vehicle is equipped with 5 categories and 23 types of equipment, allowing villagers to receive high-quality medical services without leaving their homes," said Wu Liying (吴丽英).

Hans Kluge (汉斯·克吕热), Regional Director for Europe at the World Health Organization, said that he recently observed the process of patients receiving remote medical consultations in a county-level hospital in China. Kluge (克吕热) said that the Chinese practice showed him the broad space for digital intelligence technology to provide "expert-level" assistance to primary health workers.

Yang Jianli (杨建立), Director of the Department of System Reform of the National Health Commission of China, introduced that in recent years, China has strengthened primary health care as an important part of medical and health reform. Zhao Wei (赵韡), Director of the Statistical Information Center of the National Health Commission of China, said that many primary medical and health institutions in China have deployed intelligent diagnosis and treatment systems, providing full-process intelligent auxiliary services from pre-diagnosis auxiliary consultation to post-diagnosis medication and rehabilitation guidance.

Anna Luisa Neves (安娜·路易莎·内维斯), Director of the Global Digital Health Center at Imperial College London, said that digital intelligence technology will help countries optimize resource allocation, narrow health gaps, and accelerate the process of universal health coverage.

"China has demonstrated global leadership in the field of digital health," said Saia Piukala (萨亚·皮乌卡拉), Regional Director for the Western Pacific at the World Health Organization. Developing digital healthcare requires broad collaboration from the international community, sharing knowledge and keeping promises together.

"China's good experience in developing traditional medicine can be shared with the world"

On May 20, China, Malaysia (马来西亚), Nepal (尼泊尔), Saudi Arabia (沙特阿拉伯), and Seychelles (塞舌尔) jointly hosted a side event on the theme of "Implementing Traditional Medicine Strategies to Promote Universal Health Coverage." This is the first time that member states of the World Health Organization have held a side event on traditional medicine during the conference.

"China has embarked on a unique path of traditional medicine development," said Yu Yanhong (余艳红), Director of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China. China is willing to maintain close cooperation with the World Health Organization and continue to contribute to promoting the better integration of traditional medicine into the medical and health systems of more countries.

Bruce Aylward (布鲁斯·艾尔沃德), Assistant Director-General of the World Health Organization, once attended the 2024 World Traditional Medicine Conference in Beijing (北京). He highly praised China's achievements in the inheritance and innovation of traditional medicine, and believes that China, as a major country of traditional medicine in the world, has always been at the forefront of the field of traditional medicine, "China's good experience in developing traditional medicine can be shared with the world."

"Traditional therapies and herbal medicine have a long history and deep cultural foundation in Seychelles (塞舌尔), and public awareness of their benefits is increasing," said Peggy Vidot (佩姬·维多), Minister of Health of Seychelles. She looks forward to continuing to strengthen cooperation in the field of traditional medicine with countries such as China.

Zulkifli Ahmad (祖基菲利·艾哈迈德), Minister of Health of Malaysia, said that this side event allows everyone to share experiences, talk about international cooperation, build consensus on a global scale, and promote the steady development of traditional medicine globally.

Rudi Eggers (鲁迪·埃格斯), Director of Integrated Health Services at the World Health Organization, introduced the "Global Traditional Medicine Strategy 2025-2034" at the side event, which was adopted during this conference. "In the next 10 years, the World Health Organization will continue to work with member states to promote evidence-based research on traditional medicine, encourage the establishment of relevant regulatory frameworks and mechanisms, and help achieve the sustainable development goals of universal health coverage," said Eggers (埃格斯).

"Common health challenges require strong international cooperation"

On May 20, the President of the 78th World Health Assembly, Ljerka Hintak (赫尔博萨), announced the review and adoption of the "World Health Organization Pandemic Agreement" (hereinafter referred to as the "Pandemic Agreement"). Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus (谭德塞), Director-General of the World Health Organization, said that the "Pandemic Agreement" will become "one of the most significant achievements in the history of the World Health Organization and even global health."

Hu Guang (胡光), Director of the Emergency Response Department of the National Disease Prevention and Control Bureau of China, said that China actively participated in the negotiations of the "Pandemic Agreement," supported the World Health Organization in playing a central coordinating role, and advocated that countries strengthen unity and cooperation. China actively responded to the reasonable demands of developing countries for fair access to health products, demonstrating the responsibility of a major country.

"We live in a changing world, and no country can be immune. I very much appreciate the role China has played in the past few years," said Jeremy Farrar (杰里米·法勒), Chief Scientist of the World Health Organization.

"Common health challenges require strong international cooperation," said Gauden Galea (高登·加利亚), Non-communicable Disease Strategy Advisor for the European Region of the World Health Organization. The future of public health requires people to face it together in an open, fair, and transnational manner.

On May 23, Wang Huali (王华丽), Chief Physician of the Sixth Hospital of Peking University (北京大学第六医院), was awarded the World Health Organization "Award for Promoting Healthy Aging" for her significant contributions to healthy aging at the national and global levels. This is the first time that a Chinese expert in the field of mental health has received this award.

"This is a collective commendation for all workers in the prevention and control of dementia in China and around the world," Wang Huali (王华丽) said in an interview with this reporter. She looks forward to working with professionals from all walks of life in the future to gather more social forces and jointly promote the cause of dementia prevention and control to a new level.

"China is willing to see the World Health Organization further improve its efficiency through internal institutional reforms and better serve the health needs of the people of its member states," said Lei Haichao (雷海潮), head of the Chinese delegation and Director of the National Health Commission. China firmly supports multilateralism and is willing to continue to strengthen cooperation and exchanges with the World Health Organization, promote the construction of a human health community, and promote the global health governance system to develop in a more just and reasonable direction.

(Reported from Geneva (日内瓦) by this newspaper)

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Wisdom of China, Benefit for SCO (Harmony Voice)

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation is the world's largest comprehensive regional organization in terms of land area and population, possessing abundant data resources and diverse application scenarios. Strengthening cooperation in the field of artificial intelligence will create new opportunities for the development of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries.

On May 29th, the "China-Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Forum" with the theme of "Intelligence Assembled in China, Intelligence Benefiting the SCO" was held in Tianjin (天津). The forum promoted China's cooperation with Shanghai Cooperation Organisation member states in areas such as technology research and development, talent cultivation, and industrial applications, jointly tackling technical challenges, accelerating the industrialization of artificial intelligence technology, sharing the dividends brought by artificial intelligence development, and injecting new and powerful impetus into promoting regional prosperity and development.

Using artificial intelligence to promote economic transformation aligns with the development aspirations of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries. China actively embraces intelligent transformation, vigorously promotes artificial intelligence technology innovation, industrial development, and empowerment applications, establishes and improves artificial intelligence regulatory systems and mechanisms, and forms a relatively complete artificial intelligence industry system. As of April 2025, China's artificial intelligence patent applications exceeded 1.5 million, accounting for nearly 40% of the global total, ranking first in the world. The artificial intelligence large models developed by Chinese enterprises have the characteristics of being open-source, low-cost, and highly efficient, providing a new paradigm and new ideas for the artificial intelligence development of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries. People from Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries believe that China's extensive application of artificial intelligence in commercial and scientific fields and its comprehensive cultivation of high-level professional talents demonstrate its strong innovation strength and broad development potential in the field of artificial intelligence.

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation is the world's largest comprehensive regional organization in terms of land area and population, possessing abundant data resources and diverse application scenarios. Strengthening cooperation in the field of artificial intelligence will create new opportunities for the development of Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries. China, together with other member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, carries out joint technological research, promotes the continuous emergence of artificial intelligence innovation achievements, accelerates the expansion of application scenarios, and continuously releases intelligent dividends. At the Samarkand (撒马尔罕) Photovoltaic Power Station in Uzbekistan (乌兹别克斯坦), robots with intelligent cleaning functions operated by Chinese enterprises guard the photovoltaic matrix around the clock, greatly improving the efficiency and lifespan of the photovoltaic panels. In the wheat fields of Punjab Province (旁遮普省) in Pakistan (巴基斯坦), thanks to the China-Pakistan cooperative intelligent agriculture project, farmers can directly perform fertilization, irrigation, and other operations with one-click precision on their mobile phones. At this forum, China proposed four initiatives: "strengthening policy communication," "deepening technological cooperation," "promoting application empowerment," and "strengthening security governance," released the "China-SCO Countries Artificial Intelligence Application Cooperation Center Construction Plan," and issued a joint construction invitation, actively promoting open cooperation and promoting the sharing of scientific and technological achievements.

China strongly advocates promoting the fair and inclusive development of global artificial intelligence and actively acts as an advocate, promoter, and pioneer of international cooperation in artificial intelligence capacity building. In 2024, the 78th United Nations General Assembly unanimously adopted the resolution on strengthening international cooperation in artificial intelligence capacity building, which was proposed by China. China announced the "Artificial Intelligence Capacity Building Inclusive Plan," advocating the establishment of a Friends Group for International Cooperation in Artificial Intelligence Capacity Building, aiming to promote the international community to jointly grasp the general trend of digital and intelligent development and not leave any country behind, which has received active support from Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries. Recently, the second phase of the Artificial Intelligence Capacity Building Workshop was held in Beijing (北京), with representatives from nearly 40 countries and international organizations, including many Shanghai Cooperation Organisation members, participating.

The fair and inclusive development of artificial intelligence can illuminate the path of technological innovation and create a brighter and better future for mankind. China will uphold the "Shanghai Spirit" (上海精神), work with Shanghai Cooperation Organisation countries to strengthen exchanges and cooperation, share intelligent dividends, and promote artificial intelligence to better serve global development.

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China's Initiative to Deepen Cooperation with Pacific Island Countries on Addressing Climate Change

Climate change is a common challenge facing all mankind, concerning the future and destiny of humanity. The international community should work together to jointly address climate change, protect our shared planet, and build a community of life for man and nature. Pacific Island countries are among the regions most threatened by climate change in the world. As an important partner of Pacific Island countries, China has been committed to providing assistance and support to the region in addressing climate change within the framework of South-South cooperation. In order to further assist Pacific Island countries in enhancing their capacity and resilience to climate change and deepen cooperation with Pacific Island countries in addressing climate change, China proposes the following initiatives:

1. Firmly stand with Pacific Island countries to uphold genuine multilateralism, jointly commemorate the tenth anniversary of the Paris Agreement, and welcome the positive progress made since the implementation of the Paris Agreement. Promote the building of a fair, reasonable, and win-win global climate governance system. Reiterate that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (hereinafter referred to as the "Convention") and its Paris Agreement are the main channel and basic legal compliance for international cooperation in addressing climate change, and are willing to abide by the goals, principles, and rules of the Convention and its Paris Agreement, and under the guidance of the principles of equity, common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities established in the Convention, work with all parties to implement the Convention and its Paris Agreement and jointly promote the thirtieth session of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention to achieve positive results.

2. Strengthen coordination and cooperation with Pacific Island countries in multilateral processes to address climate change. Promote the international community's full understanding of the special circumstances and concerns of developing countries, especially Pacific Island countries, on climate change issues. Urge developed countries to earnestly fulfill their obligations, honor their commitments, and provide sufficient financial, technological, and capacity-building support to developing countries, in particular to promote the implementation of the decision on the new collective quantified goal for climate finance adopted by the twenty-ninth session of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention, and jointly safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the vast number of developing countries, including Pacific Island countries. Oppose unilateral restrictive measures and the establishment of green trade barriers under the pretext of addressing climate change.

3. Firmly support Pacific Island countries in addressing climate change through sustainable development. China fully recognizes the vulnerability of the economic and social development of Pacific Island countries in the face of the climate change crisis, and announces an investment of US$2 million to further expand cooperation with island countries in areas such as clean energy, agriculture, fisheries, marine affairs, low-carbon infrastructure, low-carbon tourism, and disaster prevention and mitigation, to help Pacific Island countries optimize their energy structure, promote industrial upgrading, and enhance the ability of island countries to achieve the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Sustainable Development Goals, and help them better address climate change.

4. Accelerate the implementation of cooperation projects to address climate change. Promote the construction of relevant low-carbon demonstration zones, rely on capacity-building training projects to help Pacific Island countries build a professional talent team in the field of climate change, and strengthen the leading role of South-South cooperation projects in addressing climate change in enhancing the capacity of Pacific Island countries to address climate change. Rely on the China-Pacific Island Countries Climate Change Cooperation Center to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation with island countries in addressing climate change, and continue to hold the China-Pacific Island Countries Dialogue on Climate Change and the Pacific Island Countries Climate Resilience Building Training Course. In the next three years, China will implement 100 "small but beautiful" projects for grassroots communities in Pacific Island countries to help grassroots communities in island countries enhance their resilience to climate change. More Pacific Island countries are welcome to join the International Zero-Carbon Island Initiative.

5. Deepen China-Pacific Island Countries international cooperation in disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief. Support the United Nations Early Warnings for All initiative, rely on China's Action Plan for Promoting Early Warning for Climate Change Adaptation (2025-2027) released by China, share China's early warning technologies and practices, and provide high-frequency monitoring of meteorological disasters for Pacific Island countries through Fengyun meteorological satellites (风云气象卫星). Strengthen disaster management cooperation with Pacific Island countries under the China-Pacific Island Countries Disaster Management Cooperation Mechanism, actively play the role of the China-Pacific Island Countries Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Cooperation Center, provide island countries with disaster monitoring and early warning technical services, post-disaster emergency material assistance, emergency humanitarian assistance, disaster assessment support, carry out demonstration construction of community comprehensive disaster reduction capacity improvement, and enhance the climate resilience of Pacific Island countries.

6. Fully understand the importance of the marine environment to Pacific Island countries. Support island countries in protecting marine ecology, strengthen infrastructure and capacity building to address sea level rise, coastal erosion, and marine disasters, carry out research and exchanges on the impact of sea level rise on islands, expand cooperation between China and Pacific Island countries in sustainable utilization of coastal zone resources, coastal zone protection and restoration, and coastal zone governance, give play to China's technical and talent advantages in marine environmental observation and forecasting, disaster early warning, and marine ecosystem protection and restoration, help island countries in marine disaster prevention and mitigation, support the sustainable development of island countries' fisheries and nearshore aquaculture, and help island countries build a climate-resilient blue economy.

(Xinhua News Agency (新华社), Xiamen (厦门), May 29)

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Wang Yi Continues Meeting with Visiting Foreign Ministers Attending the Third China-Pacific Island Countries Foreign Ministers' Meeting

Xinhua News Agency, Xiamen, May 29th. Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, continued to meet with foreign guests in Xiamen (厦门) on May 29th who are in China to attend the Third China-Pacific Island Countries Foreign Ministers' Meeting.

During his meeting with Micronesian Foreign Minister Robert (罗伯特), Wang Yi (王毅) stated that President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Simina (西米纳) reached important consensus on strengthening mutual trust and friendship and deepening mutually beneficial cooperation. China is willing to work with Micronesia to further expand cooperation in key areas such as infrastructure, climate change response, and marine scientific research, and promote the continuous development of the China-Micronesia comprehensive strategic partnership.

Robert (罗伯特) congratulated the successful conclusion of the Third China-Pacific Island Countries Foreign Ministers' Meeting, and stated that the Federated States of Micronesia government firmly adheres to the One China principle. China is not only a partner, but also a world leader, leading the Global South countries to achieve sustainable development and build a just world. The Federated States of Micronesia is willing to continue to develop the Micronesia-China comprehensive strategic partnership.

During his meeting with Vanuatu Foreign Minister Ati (阿蒂), Wang Yi (王毅) stated that under the strategic guidance of President Xi Jinping (习近平) and Vanuatu leaders, the China-Vanuatu comprehensive strategic partnership has continued to develop. China appreciates the new Vanuatu government's continued adherence to a positive and friendly policy towards China after taking office. The two sides should seize the momentum to strengthen exchanges at all levels and expand pragmatic cooperation.

Ati (阿蒂) stated that China's support not only helps Vanuatu improve people's livelihoods, but also enhances its confidence and resilience in development. The Vanuatu government firmly adheres to the One China policy and is willing to further strengthen the alignment of development strategies with China, accelerate negotiations on a bilateral free trade agreement, and promote cooperation in education, infrastructure, health, police affairs, and other fields, moving towards a more prosperous future.

During his meeting with Papua New Guinean Foreign Minister Tkatchenko (特卡琴科), Wang Yi (王毅) stated that the friendship between China and Papua New Guinea has crossed mountains and seas and stood the test of time. The two sides should implement the consensus reached by the leaders of the two countries, start free trade agreement negotiations as soon as possible, and deepen cooperation in various fields. China attaches importance to Papua New Guinea's influence as a major country in the South Pacific region and its role as a "gateway" to Asia.

Tkatchenko (特卡琴科) stated that relations with China are crucial to Papua New Guinea. The Papua New Guinean government firmly supports China in safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity. It is willing to maintain close communication and coordination with China, promote the joint construction of "Belt and Road" projects, and strengthen pragmatic cooperation in agriculture, education, telecommunications, energy, local and other fields.

During the meeting, Wang Yi (王毅) also met with Koun (库恩), former President and current Deputy Foreign Minister of Nauru, Quiri Vakalalabure (奎里奎里塔布阿), Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Speaker of Parliament of Fiji, and Nayasai (纳亚西), Deputy Secretary-General of the Pacific Islands Forum.

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Wang Yi Meets with Surakiart Sathirathai, Chairman of the Asian Peace and Reconciliation Council

This newspaper Hong Kong May 29th (Reporter Feng Xuezhi (冯学知)) Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, met with Surakiart Sathirathai, Chairman of the Asian Peace and Reconciliation Council and former Deputy Prime Minister of Thailand, in Hong Kong on the 29th.

Wang Yi (王毅) stated that China's initiative to establish the International Mediation Institute provides a new option for the international community to resolve disputes and achieve reconciliation on a voluntary basis, and is also a practical action to practice multilateralism. China is willing to work with Asia to give full play to the role of regional mechanisms such as China-ASEAN, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Lancang-Mekong Cooperation, and the Asia Cooperation Dialogue, and jointly safeguard the hard-won peace and stability in Asia.

Surakiart Sathirathai said that he was honored to be invited to Hong Kong to witness the birth of the International Mediation Institute. China's initiative is very timely. The Council looks forward to strengthening cooperation with China to make greater contributions to peace and development in Asia.

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2025 China-Central Asia Media Cooperation Forum Held

This newspaper reports from Astana on May 29th (Reporters Chen Shangwen (陈尚文) and Li Qiang (李强)) The 2025 China-Central Asia Media Cooperation Forum, themed "Silk Road Together, Media Together: Building a Closer China-Central Asia Community of Shared Future," was held in Astana (阿斯塔纳), Kazakhstan on May 29th. Kassym-Jomart Tokayev (托卡耶夫), President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, sent a congratulatory letter to the forum.

In his congratulatory letter, Tokayev (托卡耶夫) pointed out that the "Belt and Road" Initiative proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping (习近平) has won wide recognition from the international community as a strategic concept for promoting global cooperation. Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦) attaches great importance to developing friendly relations with China (中国). The 2025 China-Central Asia Media Cooperation Forum aims to deepen the integration and cooperation between China (中国) and Central Asian countries. It is an important event based on consensus and trust in the media field, dedicated to strengthening partnerships. He wished the forum a complete success and fruitful results!

The participating guests believed that media exchanges are an important part of China-Central Asia relations. The media of China (中国) and Central Asian countries should grasp the general trend of the times, expand cooperation ideas, jointly tell good stories of friendly cooperation, and contribute wisdom and strength to building a closer China-Central Asia community of shared future.

The forum was co-sponsored by People's Daily (人民日报社) and the Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦) Presidential Broadcasting and Television Corporation. More than 200 media representatives, relevant department heads, experts, scholars, and business representatives from China (中国) and Central Asian countries attended the meeting. During the forum, the "2025 China-Central Asia Media Cooperation Forum Photo Exhibition" and the launching ceremony of the "China-Central Asia Media High-Quality Joint Construction of the 'Belt and Road' Joint Interview" were also held.

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Chen Wenqing Attends the 13th International Meeting of High Representatives for Security Matters and the 10th Meeting of the China-Russia Law Enforcement and Security Cooperation Mechanism in Russia

Xinhua News Agency, Moscow, May 29th (Reporter Zhao Bing (赵冰)) Chen Wenqing (陈文清), a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission (中央政法委), attended the 13th International Meeting of High Representatives for Security Matters in Russia on the 28th and delivered a speech. Representatives from 126 countries and international organizations participated in the meeting.

Chen Wenqing (陈文清) said that President Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed the Global Security Initiative, holding high the banner of cooperation, innovation, the rule of law, and win-win results, providing important guidance for gathering global security synergy. China is willing to work with the international community to practice a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept, jointly address various risks and challenges, and jointly build a universally secure world.

Chen Wenqing (陈文清) also attended the meetings of the heads of delegations of BRICS countries and Shanghai Cooperation Organization member states, and held bilateral meetings with the heads of delegations of some participating countries, reaching consensus on strengthening international security cooperation and improving global security governance.

On the 27th, Chen Wenqing (陈文清) and Secretary of the Security Council of the Russian Federation, Sergei Shoigu (绍伊古), co-chaired the 10th meeting of the China-Russia Law Enforcement and Security Cooperation Mechanism.

Chen Wenqing (陈文清) said that in early May, President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Putin (普京) successfully met, 擘画 (bò huà - "to sketch out," to plan or map out a grand design) a new development prospect for the next stage of China-Russia relations. China is willing to work with Russia to implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, promote the upgrading of law enforcement and security cooperation, inject strong impetus into the development, revitalization, and modernization of the two countries, actively implement the Global Security Initiative, and make positive contributions to global strategic stability and the democratization of international relations.

Shoigu (绍伊古) said that President Xi Jinping's (习近平) visit to Russia and attendance at the celebration of the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Soviet Great Patriotic War have important bilateral and multilateral significance. Russia is willing to work with China to enhance the level of law enforcement and security cooperation, effectively safeguard the core interests of the two countries, and inject stability into the world.

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Contributing China-Tajikistan Strength to the Cause of World Peace and Development (Ambassador's Notes: Promoting the "Shanghai Spirit": The SCO in Action)

By: 吉树民

This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, bringing the course of human history to a critical juncture. Currently, the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century at an accelerated pace, with ongoing geopolitical conflicts, emerging challenges, and a significant rise in instability and uncertainty. Against this backdrop, how to more effectively defend international fairness and justice, maintain world peace and stability, and promote common development and prosperity are common issues facing the international community.

As an important mechanism with increasing international influence, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) carries the ardent expectations of the international community, especially the Global South. In 2024, President Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized at the 24th meeting of the Council of Heads of Member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation that we must adhere to our original aspirations, continue to hold high the banner of the "Shanghai Spirit," help each other, achieve mutual success, jointly steer the development direction of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, and build the organization into a reliable support for member states to achieve common prosperity and revitalization. At the "Shanghai Cooperation Organisation +" Astana Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed building "five common homelands" of unity and mutual trust, peace and tranquility, prosperity and development, good-neighborliness and friendship, and fairness and justice. This concept conforms to the general trend of world development, meets the common interests of the region and the international community, and points out the correct direction for the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.

China has officially taken over the rotating presidency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. China, in solidarity and cooperation with all parties, has formulated a rich and pragmatic agenda for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. In particular, focusing on the theme of the "Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Year of Sustainable Development," China has hosted a number of training activities on green development, poverty reduction, environmental information sharing, and green and low-carbon technologies, focusing on promoting new development momentum and benefiting the countries and people of the region with tangible results. China will continue to take practical actions to implement the slogan "Promoting the 'Shanghai Spirit': The SCO in Action," consolidate political mutual trust, maintain common security, promote common prosperity, strengthen people-to-people exchanges, and enhance mechanism effectiveness, so as to create more benefits for the region and the world.

China and Tajikistan are connected by mountains and rivers, as close as lips and teeth, and share a common destiny. Under the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, China-Tajikistan relations have always maintained a healthy and stable development momentum. In 2024, President Xi Jinping (习近平) successfully paid a state visit to Tajikistan, promoting bilateral relations to a new level of comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Tajikistan in the new era. The two sides unanimously decided to work together at a higher starting point to build a China-Tajikistan community with a shared future featuring lasting friendship, shared weal and woe, and mutual benefit and win-win results, drawing a grand blueprint for the development of bilateral relations. The high-level political mutual trust and high-quality pragmatic cooperation between China and Tajikistan not only strongly promote the common development and safeguard the common security of the two countries, but also help the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation better play a positive role in promoting peace and development. In the face of the turbulent international and regional situation, Tajikistan firmly supports and actively implements the three major global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平), closely coordinates and cooperates within the multilateral frameworks of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, the China-Central Asia mechanism, and the United Nations, firmly supports each other, practices true multilateralism, and jointly safeguards international fairness and justice and the common interests of developing countries.

China will always be a trustworthy friend, a reliable partner, and an intimate brother of Tajikistan. China is willing to work with Tajikistan to continuously consolidate bilateral relations, deepen coordination and cooperation in multilateral mechanisms, promote the China-Tajikistan comprehensive strategic partnership in the new era to a higher level, build a closer Shanghai Cooperation Organisation community with a shared future, and contribute China-Tajikistan strength to the cause of world peace and development.

(The author is the Chinese Ambassador to Tajikistan)

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Losang Jamcan Meets with Delegation from Egyptian Republican People's Party

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29th. Lo Sangjamcan (洛桑江村), Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, met in Beijing on the 29th with a delegation from the Egyptian Republican People's Party led by Hazem (哈齐姆), Chairman of the Egyptian Republican People's Party and Chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Senate. The two sides had an in-depth exchange of views on implementing the important consensus reached by the heads of state of the two countries, deepening cooperation between China and Egypt in various fields, and strengthening exchanges between legislative bodies.

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Oman to Introduce Chinese Language Classes in Public Schools

Muscat, May 29th (People's Daily reporter Guan Kejiang (管克江)) - According to sources in Muscat: On May 27th, Omani Ministry of Education officials announced at an International Chinese Language Day event co-hosted by the Chinese Embassy in Oman and the Omani Ministry of Education that Oman has decided to include Chinese in its public school curriculum. In the new academic year starting in September this year, Chinese will become an elective course for 11th-grade students in four public high schools in Oman and will gradually be extended to other grades.

Undersecretary of the Omani Ministry of Education, Majid (马吉德), stated that the Omani government attaches great importance to offering Chinese courses in secondary schools and is 抓紧推进 (zhuā jǐn tuī jìn - "hasten to advance," to vigorously promote and expedite) preparatory work, and is willing to further strengthen cooperation with China in promoting Chinese education.

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China-Africa Economic and Trade Headquarters Base Opens to the Public

Changsha, May 29th (Reporter Yang Xun (杨迅)) The China-Africa Economic and Trade Headquarters Base in Changsha (长沙), Hunan (湖南), was opened to the public on the 28th. The China-Africa Economic and Trade Headquarters Base is an important carrier for promoting the construction of the China (Hunan) Pilot Free Trade Zone and the China-Africa Economic and Trade In-Depth Cooperation Pioneer Zone. The project integrates corporate headquarters, convention and exhibition centers, and comprehensive commerce to create an aggregation area for trade with Africa and a one-stop comprehensive service platform. It is expected to be officially completed and put into use in 2027.

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Changchun, Jilin Optimizes Policies for Acquiring Existing Commercial Housing (Focusing on Key Tasks, Coordinating Efforts: Policy Implementation in Progress)

By: 本报记者  汪志球  郑智文

"Runde Huacheng Community in Lvyuan District, an 85-square-meter two-bedroom apartment, rents for 1,400 yuan per month..."

Early this year, Li Tongyang (李彤洋), a 25-year-old automotive engineer working in Changchun (长春), Jilin (吉林), learned about this listing and decided to sign a contract with the landlord after viewing the apartment in person. "The rent is not expensive, the amenities are complete, and it takes only half an hour by subway to get to the company," said Li Tongyang (李彤洋).

Li Tongyang's (李彤洋) landlord is Changchun Runhe Self-owned Housing Leasing Co., Ltd. (长春润和自有房屋租赁有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "Runhe Company (润和公司)"), which was established with investment from the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of Changchun (长春市国资委).

The Central Economic Work Conference held at the end of last year proposed to "promote the disposal of existing commercial housing"; the Central Political Bureau meeting held on April 25 this year pointed out that "we should increase the supply of high-quality housing and optimize the acquisition policy of existing commercial housing." With increased policy support, the people benefit - a batch of existing commercial housing acquired by Runhe Company (润和公司) was leased to new urban residents and other groups at the beginning of this year, and is now nearly fully rented.

Li Tongyang's (李彤洋) new home is one of them. "I've been in Changchun (长春) for almost a year, and I've finally found a good, affordable house," said Li Tongyang (李彤洋). "Before, I rented near the company, and the building was older than me, and the price was not low."

Good houses at affordable prices are what many new urban residents and young people like Li Tongyang (李彤洋) expect.

To this end, documents such as the "Implementation Rules of Changchun (长春) City for Acquiring Completed Existing Commercial Housing for Use as Guaranteed Housing" have been issued, making clear provisions on the acquisition of housing, rent standards, decoration standards, management, and maintenance. "According to the principle of 'affordable rent for tenants', the rent standard should not be higher than 90% of the assessed rent for housing of the same quality and in the same location," said Liu Hongjie (刘洪杰), director of the Changchun (长春) Housing Leasing Management and Service Center.

Good houses at affordable prices cannot be achieved without the support of financial policies.

In May last year, the People's Bank of China (中国人民银行) proposed the establishment of a 300 billion yuan re-lending facility for guaranteed housing to support local state-owned enterprises in acquiring completed but unsold commercial housing at reasonable prices for use as guaranteed housing for allocation or rental.

"We cooperate with local governments to formulate relevant supporting policy documents, and guide banking institutions to establish green approval channels to shorten the cycle and improve efficiency," said Yang Liu (杨柳), chief clerk of the Macro-prudential and Financial Market Management Department of the Jilin Branch of the People's Bank of China (中国人民银行吉林省分行宏观审慎与金融市场管理处). Since the second half of last year, the branch has guided banking institutions to provide credit of 596 million yuan to acquisition entities in Changchun (长春) and issued 429 million yuan in group housing purchase loans for housing rentals.

Housing acquisition is just the beginning. Doing a good job in subsequent operation and management is the only way to achieve a virtuous cycle in which tenants live well and enterprises can operate sustainably.

With a light press of the electronic door lock, the entrance door opens, and Li Tongyang (李彤洋) leads the reporter into his home. The house is simply and stylishly decorated, with all the necessary furniture and appliances. "You can move in with your bags, and there is also a community butler service."

"The company's leasing projects are all equipped with professional operation teams to ensure proper housing maintenance and a good tenant experience," said Chen Xiaolin (陈晓琳), chairman of Runhe Company (润和公司). Compared to the number of acquisitions, the company pays more attention to the quality of living. "Only in this way can we achieve sustainable operation."

Acquiring existing commercial housing for use as guaranteed housing is an important means of promoting the stable and healthy development of the real estate market and ensuring and improving people's livelihoods.

Since being selected as a pilot city for the "Rental Housing Loan Support Program" in 2023, Changchun (长春) has accumulated 14 existing commercial housing projects with 6,837 houses in accordance with the idea of "government-led, market-oriented operation"; currently, 4 projects with 2,908 houses (rooms) have been put into operation. "We will further optimize the acquisition policy of existing commercial housing to better meet the needs of the market and guaranteed groups," said Zhao Hongli (赵洪利), deputy director of the Changchun (长春) Housing Security and Housing Administration Bureau.

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The 9th National Congress of the Young Pioneers of China Concludes

This newspaper reported from Beijing on May 29th (Reporter Yang Hao (杨昊)) The Ninth National Congress of the Chinese Young Pioneers (中国少年先锋队) successfully completed all its agenda items and concluded in Beijing on the morning of the 28th.

The congress conscientiously studied the congratulatory letter from Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, to the congress.

The congress elected the Ninth National Working Committee of the Chinese Young Pioneers, composed of 217 members.

The congress adopted the resolution on the work report of the Eighth National Working Committee of the Young Pioneers. The report comprehensively summarized the work of the Young Pioneers in the past five years under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, elaborated on General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on children and the work of the Young Pioneers, and made overall arrangements for the work of the Young Pioneers in the next five years. The congress decided to approve this report.

The congress believes that the entire team must adhere to Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as guidance, keep in mind the entrustment of the leader, practice the mission of cultivating people, inherit the red gene, continue the Chinese cultural heritage, adhere to integrity and innovation, promote comprehensive development, unite and educate and guide the vast number of Young Pioneers to listen to the Party and follow the Party, and be ready at all times to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.

The congress emphasized that the achievements made in the work of the Young Pioneers and the development of the cause of the Young Pioneers are fundamentally due to General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) steering and the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

The congress agreed with the report's deployment of the work of the Young Pioneers in the next five years, and emphasized the need to focus on promoting the implementation of the "Sowing," "Strengthening Seedlings," "Escorting," "Strengthening Teachers," "Building Foundations," and "Gathering Strength" six major projects of the Young Pioneers on the new journey, and comprehensively create a new pattern of the work of the Young Pioneers in the new era and on the new journey.

The congress adopted the resolution on the "Constitution of the Chinese Young Pioneers (Amendment)". The congress decided to write into the constitution the profound understanding of the decisive significance of the "Two Establishes," strengthening the "Four Consciousnesses," firming the "Four Confidences," and achieving the "Two Safeguards."

The congress believes that General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on children and the work of the Young Pioneers have pointed out the direction and provided fundamental guidelines for doing a good job in the work of the Young Pioneers in the new era. The congress decided to add to the constitution the realization of comprehensive development of morality, intelligence, physique, aesthetics, and labor, and to add the aspiration to contribute to the comprehensive promotion of the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.

The congress called on the entire team to unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, adhere to the original aspiration, keep the mission in mind, forge ahead, and move forward bravely, unite and educate and guide hundreds of millions of Young Pioneers to be ready at all times to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization!

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A Symposium on "The Literary Practice of Chinese-Style Modernization: The Literary Phenomenon of Xihai Gu" Held

This newspaper reported from Beijing on May 29th (Reporter Xu Yuanfeng (徐元锋) and Hu Yanyan (胡妍妍)) On May 29th, the symposium "Literary Practice of Chinese-style Modernization: The Literary Phenomenon of Xihai Gu" sponsored by the China Writers Association (中国作家协会), the People's Daily (人民日报社), and the Publicity Department of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Party Committee (宁夏回族自治区党委宣传部) was held in Beijing (北京).

From barren land to fertile literary ground, the persistent love and widespread participation of the people of Xihai Gu (西海固) in Ningxia (宁夏) have attracted social attention in recent years. Based on in-depth research and interviews in the Xihai Gu (西海固) area in the early stage, experts and scholars attending the meeting focused on "the inheritance, innovation, and localization characteristics of Xihai Gu (西海固) literature, its special significance and development prospects in writing about the tremendous changes in mountain villages in the new era," "the enlightenment and significance of the Xihai Gu (西海固) writers group phenomenon for promoting new mass literature and accelerating the construction of a strong cultural country," "the ecological cultivation of literature and the grassroots effect of literary services," and "cultural heart: rural revitalization and the modernization of people" and other topics for discussion. Zhang Hongsen (张宏森), Chairman and Secretary of the Leading Party Group of the China Writers Association (中国作家协会), Chen Jianwen (陈建文), Editor-in-Chief of the People's Daily (人民日报社), and Xian Guoyi (冼国义), Standing Committee Member of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Party Committee (宁夏回族自治区党委), and Minister of the Publicity Department, attended and delivered speeches. Wu Yiqin (吴义勤), member of the Party Group and Vice Chairman of the China Writers Association (中国作家协会), and Xu Lijing (徐立京), Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the People's Daily (人民日报社), and others attended.

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National Standard for "Insignia of the Young Pioneers of China" to Officially Take Effect in June

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29th (Reporter Zhao Wenjun (赵文君)) The national standard "Emblem of the Young Pioneers of China" (《中国少年先锋队队徽》) (GB/T 45419—2025) will officially be implemented on June 1, 2025. This standard was approved and issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) (市场监管总局) (National Standardization Administration (国家标准委)), and compiled by the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League (共青团中央) and the National Work Committee for Young Pioneers (全国少工委) in conjunction with relevant units.

This was learned by the reporter on the 29th from the State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) (市场监管总局). According to reports, the standard makes clear provisions for the quality requirements, test methods, inspection rules, signs, packaging, transportation, and storage of the emblem. It also puts forward specific and detailed indicators for the appearance, size and allowable deviation, color, paint film performance, limit of harmful substances in the emblem for wearing, and the strength of the emblem body for hanging. The implementation of this standard will provide a clear production basis for manufacturing enterprises, and will play an important role in further maintaining the solemnity of the emblem and the image of the Young Pioneers organization.

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Colorful Activities Celebrate Dragon Boat Festival

The Dragon Boat Festival is approaching, and various regions are holding diverse activities.

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Action to Improve Standardized Management of Basic Education Launched

This newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 29th (Reporter Huang Chao (黄超)) - The General Office of the Ministry of Education (教育部办公厅) recently issued a notice to launch an "Action Year for Improving Standardized Management of Basic Education," to further clean up and rectify school management behaviors that violate educational principles and infringe upon the interests of the masses.

The notice puts forward a negative list of 16 items, with key content including: It is strictly forbidden to have erroneous words and deeds that are anti-Party and anti-socialist, split the country, distort history, or glorify aggression, or to spread erroneous views through online media, test papers, etc.; It is strictly forbidden to frequently organize examinations in violation of regulations, increasing the academic burden on students; It is strictly forbidden to arrange student schedules in violation of regulations, squeezing students' break time between classes; It is strictly forbidden to start school early, delay holidays, or organize make-up classes during holidays; It is strictly forbidden for schools to formulate school rules and regulations that violate common sense and violate public order and good customs. At the same time, the list puts forward prohibitive requirements for failing to fulfill campus food safety management responsibilities, etc.

The notice proposes that, in response to key and difficult issues in basic education management that have not yet been completely resolved, we should further innovate working methods and increase rectification efforts. Deepen the rectification of outstanding problems that infringe upon the legitimate rights and interests of students and parents, such as "campus meals" in primary and secondary schools and profiting from ordering teaching aids and purchasing school uniforms; continue to address issues that affect educational equity and provoke strong social reactions, such as "opaque operations," "grabbing top students," illegal cross-regional enrollment, and illegal participation of off-campus training institutions in enrollment.

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Ministry of Water Resources Deploys Measures to Prevent and Respond to Heavy Rainfall During the Dragon Boat Festival Holiday

Beijing, May 29th (Reported by Wang Hao (王浩)) This reporter learned from the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部): On May 29th, the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) organized a special consultation and judgment meeting, making targeted arrangements and deployments for the heavy rainfall that may occur during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday.

According to forecasts, from May 30th to June 2nd, there will be a heavy rainfall process in southeastern Northwest China, eastern Southwest China, Jiangnan, southwestern Jianghuai, western and central South China, and Hubei, among other places. Some areas in eastern and southern Hubei, central and southern Anhui, northern Hunan, northern Jiangxi, southern Jiangsu, Shanghai (上海), northern Zhejiang, and southeastern Guizhou will experience heavy rain to torrential rain. Affected by the rainfall, the Wujiang River (乌江), a tributary of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, the lower reaches of the Han River (汉江), the Dongting Lake (洞庭湖) area and the Lishui River (澧水), Yuan River (沅江), Zi River (资水), Xiang River (湘江), the Poyang Lake (鄱阳湖) area and the Rao River (饶河), Xin River (信江), Fu River (抚河), Xiu River (修水), Gan River (赣江); the Beijiang River (北江) in the Pearl River Basin and the Liujiang River (柳江) and Gui River (桂江), tributaries of the Xijiang River (西江); the Qiantang River (钱塘江) in the Zhejiang and Fujian area and the area surrounding Taihu Lake (太湖) and other rivers will experience significant rises in water levels. Some rivers in the heavy rainfall area may experience floods exceeding warning levels.

The rainfall process covers a wide area, with strong local rainfall, which can easily cause disasters such as floods in small and medium-sized rivers and mountain torrents. In addition, it coincides with the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, and people may gather in mountainous scenic spots and riverside attractions. The Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) requires consolidating flood control responsibilities, pre-positioning defense measures, closely monitoring weather changes and the development of rainfall and flood conditions, and issuing early warning information in a timely manner; strengthening inspections and defenses of small and medium-sized reservoirs and dilapidated reservoirs; strictly preventing mountain torrent disasters and implementing early warning "call-response" measures; and strengthening flood prevention in small and medium-sized rivers, with particular emphasis on strengthening inspections and defenses of dangerous works, dangerous sections, and low-lying areas.

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The State Council Appoints and Removes National Personnel

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 29th (Reporter). The State Council has appointed and removed national personnel.

Guo Caiyun (郭彩云) (female) was appointed as Deputy Auditor General of the National Audit Office; Wang Jun (王军) was appointed as Deputy Director of the General Administration of Customs; Cai Zili (蔡自力) was appointed as Deputy Director of the State Taxation Administration; Zou Xiaodong (邹晓东) was appointed as Director of the Counsellors' Office of the State Council; Zhao Shitong (赵世通) was appointed as Deputy Director of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council; Li Changxi (李长喜) was appointed as Deputy Director of the State Internet Information Office; Li Xuesong (李雪松) was appointed as Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; Zhang Qi (张琦) (female) was appointed as Deputy Director of the Development Research Center of the State Council; Zhao Jun (赵军) was appointed as Vice Chairman of the National Council for Social Security Fund; Zhu Xuebing (朱雪冰) was appointed as Deputy Political Commissar of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团).

Hu Binchen's (胡彬郴) position as Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Public Security (公安部) was removed; Li Feng's (李锋) position as Deputy Auditor General of the National Audit Office was removed; Rao Lixin's (饶立新) position as Deputy Director of the State Taxation Administration was removed; Gao Yu's (高雨) position as Director of the Counsellors' Office of the State Council was removed; Qiu Kaiming's (仇开明) position as Deputy Director of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council was removed; Zhen Zhanmin's (甄占民) position as Vice President of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences was removed; Zhang Laiming's (张来明) position as Deputy Director of the Development Research Center of the State Council was removed; Huang Wei's (黄炜) position as Deputy Director of the National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration was removed; Luo Wenli's (罗文利) position as Deputy Director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration was removed; Han Yu's (韩宇) position as Deputy Director of the National Natural Science Foundation of China was removed; Mutaalifu Maitituoheti's (穆坦里甫·买提托合提) position as Deputy Political Commissar of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团) was removed.

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A clean and upright atmosphere for work is further strengthened (Persevering in implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation)

By: 本报记者 张 洋 耿 磊

Currently, in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation is being carried out throughout the Party. The Central Leading Group for Party Building Work has organized and compiled "The Achievements and Experiences of Deeply Implementing the Spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation Since the 18th National Congress of the Party" and requires all regions and departments to include it in their study scope.

Since the new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has started by formulating and implementing the Central Eight-Point Regulation, using a nail-driving spirit to rectify the "four forms of formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism, and extravagance" (四风). The intensity of the rectification, the strictness of the system's execution, and the length of the duration are unprecedented. It has curbed some unhealthy tendencies that had not been curbed for a long time, rectified some stubborn maladies that had not been eliminated for many years, and the Party's work style, government conduct, and social atmosphere have been renewed. The Party's heart, the military's heart, and the people's hearts are highly united.

What has the Eight-Point Regulation changed? Starting today, this newspaper will launch a series of reports. Reporters will go deep into the grassroots level, listen to the voices of cadres and the masses, and record this profound era change in their eyes.

-- Editor

On a clear summer morning, truck driver Li Xiaoqiao lightly stepped on the accelerator, and the brand-new asphalt pavement stretched out under the wheels. In the past, the Qingyi Road-Green Heart South Road section in the Shizhong District (市中区) of Leshan City (乐山市), Sichuan Province (四川省) was full of potholes, repaired every year and broken every year, causing many complaints from citizens.

The change began with the promotion of the "bidding and commanding" (揭榜挂帅) mechanism. The Municipal Housing and Construction Department and the Shizhong District (市中区) jointly bid, and Xu Ke (许珂), deputy director of the Green Heart Sub-district Office (绿心街道办), simply moved his office to the construction site, storing 37 work numbers in his mobile phone, coordinating at any time when encountering problems: squatting at the cable relocation site at two o'clock in the morning, gnawing on steamed buns next to the muck truck at noon to apply for a pass, and using a flashlight to calibrate drawings with the design team late at night... He said: "Now that we are openly tackling key problems, no one wants to be the one who 'drops the ball'." After 34 days of joint efforts, this road was finally repaired.

Since the in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation was launched, Leshan City (乐山市) has focused on problems such as "not taking responsibility, not taking action, and shirking responsibilities," and introduced eight measures, including accelerating the efficiency of government agencies, conducting industrial project exercises, bidding and commanding to tackle key problems, and running hard to show results. Now, the roads are smooth, the cadres' steps are firmer, and the people's hearts are also brighter.

When the Party's work style is upright, the people's morale is smooth, the Party and the people can share weal and woe, and our cause will flourish.

Today, the entire Party is carrying out in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation. The vast number of Party members and cadres are promoting learning, inspection, and rectification in an integrated manner, tirelessly changing their work style, earnestly grasping and doing practical work, and daring to take responsibility, and the atmosphere of clean and upright work is becoming more intense.

"One Car" Clearly Distinguishes Public and Private

"License plate number '鄂FD022警', fuel card number 1000****8355."

After confirming that the car and card matched, Master Wang (王师傅) of the China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (中国石化) Xiangyang East Road Gas Station (襄阳东路加油站) in Zaoyang City (枣阳市), Hubei Province (湖北省) began to refuel the official vehicle of the Zaoyang City (枣阳市) Bureau of Justice (司法局).

Not long after, Liu Feng (刘峰), director of the office of the Zaoyang City (枣阳市) Bureau of Justice (司法局), received a text message on his mobile phone: "The official vehicle of this unit refueled at the China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation (中国石化) Xiangyang East Road Gas Station (襄阳东路加油站) in Zaoyang City (枣阳市) on April 15, 2025, for 307.31 yuan..." The information was rigorous, standardized, clear, and concise.

In the past, there were many problems in the use and management of official vehicles: using official vehicles for private purposes, using public funds to maintain private vehicles, allocating official vehicles beyond the standard, and accepting vehicles given by enterprises, institutions, and individuals in violation of regulations. The Zaoyang City (枣阳市) Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision (纪委监委) also investigated and dealt with a case: an employee of a unit repeatedly used an official fuel card to refuel a private car for more than 800 yuan.

Public funds are public funds, and not a single cent can be spent randomly. Today, more than 500 official vehicles in Zaoyang City (枣阳市) are all connected to the comprehensive management system for official vehicles, and applications, approvals, and scheduling are all handled online and are transparent throughout the process. Fuel cards are also "one car, one card, car and card binding," and one card can only refuel one car. "Official vehicles are also equipped with a positioning system, and the platform will automatically issue warnings for situations such as unauthorized use of vehicles and inconsistent vehicle information," said Gao Shijun (高士君), head of the official vehicle section of the Zaoyang City (枣阳市) Government Affairs Service Center (机关事务服务中心).

On this day, Liu Feng (刘峰) traveled by official vehicle to handle affairs. Through the comprehensive management platform for official vehicles, he can see the use approval, operating status, and other information of the vehicle in real time. "Official vehicles are used for official purposes, and public and private are clearly distinguished. This is very good, and I feel at ease," said Liu Feng (刘峰).

Work style issues are essentially Party spirit issues. The fundamental measure of the strength of Party spirit is the word "public" and "private." In the past, some Party members and cadres mistakenly thought that "it doesn't matter if you take a little advantage or take a little advantage." Today, office buildings that exceed the standard have been vacated, official meals have been strictly regulated, and public-funded tourism has been curbed... The boundary between public and private has truly been established in the hearts of the vast number of Party members and cadres.

Since the launch of the study and education, Zaoyang City (枣阳市) has conducted an in-depth investigation of integrity risk points in the operation of power and the implementation of systems, strengthened discipline constraints with problem rectification as the traction, and urged the vast number of Party members and cadres to handle the relationship between public and private, and to show their true colors in the clear distinction between public and private.

A public-private balance weighs cleanliness and turbidity; a public-private ruler measures integrity and greed. "Only by drawing a clear line between public and private can we be upright and aboveboard. Although it is a little uncomfortable, the people are more satisfied and the relationship between cadres and the masses is closer," said Zeng Gang (曾刚), executive deputy mayor of Zaoyang City (枣阳市).

"One Building" Decodes Closeness and Cleanliness

In the southeast corner of Guilin Park (桂林公园) in Shanghai (上海), a small building with green tiles is hidden in the dense shade. It was once a catering club, but now it has become a place for scientific research exchanges and academic salons. Xie Yingbo (谢应波), the founder of Titan Technology (泰坦科技), often talks with cadres who come to investigate about the "past and present" of this small building and tells heartwarming stories between government and business.

On September 26, 2019, the company team confidently walked out of the STAR Market (科创板) defense site, but waited for the announcement that the initial offering was rejected. When at a loss, the staff of the Xuhui District (徐汇区) Science and Technology Commission (科委) knocked on the door with an industry report: "We are not here to pick problems, but to solve problems." Xuhui Science and Technology Investment (徐汇科投) promised to invest 50 million yuan to help the company develop, and two banks promised to increase the total credit line by more than 100 million yuan.

These tangible supports allowed Titan Technology (泰坦科技) to successfully knock on the door of the STAR Market (科创板) the following year, and also made Xie Yingbo (谢应波) realize that "good policies are not golden characters on the wall, but ladders actively handed over."

As the company grew, new problems emerged. Some technical backbones faced the "difficulty of staying in Shanghai (上海)" due to insufficient points: Ge Wenhui (葛文辉), an employee from Jiangxi Province (江西籍), and his wife wanted to return to their hometown for their children, and Yin Yiwei (殷艺伟) could only meet with his wife and children in Nanjing (南京) once a month... Xie Yingbo (谢应波) was anxious: "What's the point of innovation if we can't keep people?"

The Xuhui District (徐汇区) Human Resources and Social Security Bureau (人社局) took the initiative to explain the talent settlement policy, and Yin Yiwei (殷艺伟) and Ge Wenhui (葛文辉) successfully settled down with the help of the "regional special quota" policy measures. On the day Yin Yiwei (殷艺伟) received his household registration book, he specially placed a pot of green dill on his desk: "This is the real rooting."

What is even more touching is the late-night call for help. On a winter night in 2019, a colleague's newborn suddenly had a medical emergency. Xie Yingbo (谢应波) called the Talent Office (人才处) of the Municipal Party Committee Organization Department (市委组织部), and the other end of the phone was particularly straightforward: "Don't panic, I will coordinate immediately."

Soon, the Children's Hospital of Fudan University (复旦儿科医院) opened a green channel for the child. At that moment, Xie Yingbo (谢应波) understood that "close and clean government-business relations" are not pushing cups and changing glasses at the dinner table, but the number that can be dialed in times of emergency.

Over the years, Xie Yingbo (谢应波) is not good at socializing, but his mobile phone has stored many "direct hotlines." Street cadres help find factory buildings, district leaders coordinate to solve warehousing problems, without having to invite guests or ask for relationships, call at any time if there is something, and the problem is still solved.

The wind swept through the carved window lattices, and the industry white paper on the table was gently opened. Today, there is no longer a toast in the small building, but scientific research exchanges and discussions. What the government sends is no longer an invitation to a banquet, but an industry cutting-edge information report. The dialogues and handshakes here are all interpreting the same truth: cleanliness leads to single-mindedness, and closeness leads to strength.

At the beginning of the study and education, Shanghai (上海) is promoting learning, inspection, and rectification in an integrated manner, and constantly optimizing the business environment. The Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government issued the "Several Measures for Promoting the High-Quality Development of the Private Economy in the New Era and New Journey," proposing 26 measures to benefit enterprises.

"We must be the 'confidants' of private enterprises, the 'propagandists' of enterprise-benefit policies, and the 'servers' of high-quality development," said Gu Jun (顾军), Deputy Secretary-General of the Shanghai Municipal Government (上海市政府) and Director of the Municipal Development and Reform Commission (市发展改革委). On the banks of the Huangpu River (黄浦江), the breeze sends warmth, and more and more enterprises like Titan Technology (泰坦科技), carrying the dream of innovation, are steadily taking root and growing.

"One Table" Sees Clearly the False and the Real

At 7 o'clock in the morning, Ji Yamei (季雅梅), secretary of the General Party Branch of Shagang Village (砂岗村), Shuifu Town (水阜镇), Gaolan County (皋兰县), Gansu Province (甘肃省), rode her electric car early to deliver commonly used medicines to Gong Darang (龚大让), an elderly person living alone. After that, she rushed to the newly renovated land behind the village committee and worked with the village cadres to lay drip irrigation belts, so that the village's "happiness canteen" would have a supply guarantee for fresh vegetables.

"As long as the villagers get benefits, I am happy no matter how busy I am. The study and education currently being carried out is to let us change our work style, focus on practical work, and do more practical things for the masses," said Ji Yamei (季雅梅).

The grassroots level is the front line of serving the masses, and the most valuable thing is practical work. However, in the past, the conference room on the second floor of the village committee often piled up with half-person-high file boxes, the printer kept "spitting out" reports, and the supervision, inspection, and assessment materials were overwhelming. "I was busy from morning to night, physically and mentally exhausted, and the masses didn't buy it," said Ji Yamei (季雅梅).

As the work of rectifying formalism and reducing the burden on the grassroots level was carried out in depth, Gaolan County (皋兰县) implemented the "one list to manage powers and responsibilities." Today, on the desks of the Shagang Village (砂岗村) Village Committee, stacks of account books have been replaced by the "List of Matters for Grassroots Mass Autonomous Organizations in Gaolan County (皋兰县) to Perform Their Duties in Accordance with the Law."

Mediating civil disputes, organizing cultural, sports, and fitness activities, and doing a good job in the work of the disabled within the scope of their jurisdiction... Ji Yamei (季雅梅) said while flipping through the list, "These are all solid and practical things that benefit the masses."

She further explained: "The list clearly stipulates seven types of matters that are not the responsibility of the village level, such as administrative law enforcement and investment promotion. Since we have this list, the number of certification matters has been reduced by more than 70%, and the number of various signs has been reduced by more than 10. Everyone has freed up their hands and feet and is more motivated!"

The sun shines on the flat industrial road of Shagang Village (砂岗村), and villager Niu Youdong (牛有东) squats next to the supporting canal on the side of the road and scoops up a handful of clear water: "This 'lifesaving water' came in time!" Behind him, the green wheat fields are connected into one piece.

Time is pulled back two years ago. At the village Party member meeting, 200 mu of "fields relying on the sky" became the focus of heated discussion. The terrain is flat, the soil moisture is good, but it cannot be watered or transported out of grain, and the yield cannot be increased. What should I do?

"Why not use the terrain elevation difference to build a pumping station for irrigation!" The proposal of veteran Party member Yang Hengyu (杨亨玉) was recognized by everyone. Contacting county water conservancy experts for on-site surveying and mapping, connecting with engineering teams one by one... Ji Yamei (季雅梅) took the lead in plunging into the fields, advancing step by step. A few months later, 3 kilometers of irrigation canals and 2.7 kilometers of industrial roads were connected to Niu Youan's (牛有安) fields. The yield per mu of this "field relying on the sky" increased by nearly 30%, driving the average annual income of farmers to increase by 780 yuan.

At present, Gaolan County (皋兰县) is carrying out study and education in a solid manner, and is taking the gap in rectifying formalism and reducing the burden on the grassroots level as one of the outstanding problems in the centralized rectification. In Shagang Village (砂岗村), there are fewer meetings, fewer reports, and fewer inspections. Ji Yamei (季雅梅) leads the village cadres to organize and carry out services such as civil assistance and agency, and monthly free haircuts. From "following the task" to "revolving around the masses," the spirit of doing things is more sufficient, and the lives of the masses are becoming more and more comfortable.

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Cyberspace Administration of China Further Strengthens Crackdown on "Doxing"

This newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 29th (Reporter: Jin Xin (金歆)) Recently, the Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办) issued a notice, clarifying work requirements from aspects such as blocking the spread of "Kaibao (开盒)" information, improving the early warning mechanism, increasing punishment, optimizing protection measures, and strengthening publicity and guidance. It urges local cyberspace administrations and website platforms to further strengthen the rectification of "Kaibao (开盒)" issues.

The relevant person in charge of the Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办) stated that illegally obtaining and disclosing other people's personal information through methods such as "Kaibao (开盒)" is suspected of violating laws and crimes, and the nature is extremely bad. The Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办) will continue to adhere to the equal emphasis on high-intensity crackdown and high-intensity protection, and focus on doing a good job in rectifying the "Kaibao (开盒)" issue. It will make every effort to block the channels of communication, urge website platforms to thoroughly clean up all kinds of illegal information content that publishes personal information and induces netizens to follow up and leak privacy, and all accounts and groups that organize and incite "Kaibao (开盒)" and provide "Kaibao (开盒)" services will be closed or disbanded. The Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办) will also guide website platforms to further upgrade and improve protection measures, and work with relevant departments to severely crack down on behaviors such as leaking, stealing, and selling personal information, as well as using personal information to carry out illegal and criminal activities.

It is understood that "Kaibao (开盒)" on the Internet usually refers to a type of cyber violence: illegally searching, mining, and publishing other people's private information online. "Kaibao (开盒)" perpetrators often simultaneously guide netizens to insult, verbally abuse, and attack "Kaibao (开盒)" victims.

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Page 1 Editors: Yang Xu, Zhao Zheng, Wang Yuhan; Page 2 Editors: Yin Xinyu, Guo Xueyan, Zhang Zeng; Page 3 Editors: Han Xiaoming, Jiang Bo, Li Anqi; Page 4 Editors: Hu Anqi, Yang Shuobi, Chen Zhen

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Answering the Essential Question of "Opening Education" (Everyone's Talk: Continuously Cultivating and Strengthening the Central Eight-Point Regulation Embankment ①)

Currently, the in-depth implementation of the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation is being carried out throughout the Party, explicitly requiring that "open education should focus on mass participation and accept mass supervision." Not long ago, we launched a call for papers on the "People's Daily Commentary" (人民日报评论) WeChat official account, inviting readers to focus on the changes, feelings, and suggestions regarding the implementation of the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation. This issue of "Everyone Talks" selects and publishes three contributions to explore how to better promote open education.

——Editor

Taking Mass Opinions as the "Coordinate System"

Hu Xinbo (胡新波)

In the study and education, a state-owned enterprise incorporated the "negative comments" of employees and the masses into the rectification list, not only inviting employees to serve as "rectification observers," but also requiring responsible departments to regularly disclose the progress of rectification, making it clear to the masses. This approach of "opinions originating from the masses and effectiveness tested by the masses" is conducive to breaking cognitive biases, avoiding closed-door rectification, and making rectification more effective.

What problems exist in work style construction is clearest to the masses and their perception is most genuine. The waiting time in front of service windows, the casual discussions in streets and alleys, and the evaluation demands in fields are all "barometers" of work style construction. By accurately identifying the direction of rectification through mass problem-pointing and taking mass satisfaction as the rectification standard, we can better find the deep-seated "lesions" of work style problems. At the same time, it can also make the rectification accurately focus on service bottlenecks and people's livelihood pain points, and promote the implementation of study and education.

Whether the work style has been changed and how well it has been changed, the masses have the most say. It is necessary to create a mechanism to allow the masses to supervise the rectification process, avoid the situation of "only hearing the thunder but not seeing the rain," and promote the thorough resolution of problems one by one and the gradual achievement of practical results. Taking mass opinions as the "coordinate system," with less "self-feeling" and more "mass feeling," immediate investigation and immediate rectification, and immediate knowledge and immediate correction, the effectiveness of study and education will become solid.

Truly Open the Door and Be Good at Opening the Door

Yang Fei (杨飞)

The core of work style problems is the relationship between the Party and the people. Whether the study and education are carried out well and whether the effectiveness is excellent, the masses are the ultimate judges.

Open education requires both truly opening the door and being good at opening the door. If we do not pay attention to methods and do not adhere to results-oriented approach, taking the number of meetings held and the number of notices issued as the standard, while ignoring how many opinions have been collected and how much the actual situation has been understood, then it is putting the cart before the horse and falling into the quagmire of formalism. There are many ways to broaden the channels for expressing opinions and accepting supervision. For example, in order to better listen to public opinions, electronic questionnaires, online opinion boxes, and other methods can be used to provide convenience for the masses; in order to enhance pertinence, special investigations, field visits, and other methods should be used to solicit opinions and suggestions face-to-face. Adapting to local conditions and avoiding formalism can expand the breadth and depth of listening to opinions and suggestions.

"Do not engage in formalism. Formalism itself is what the Eight-Point Regulation opposes." Whether we can truly open the door and be good at opening the door reflects our position, tests our ability, and affects the effectiveness. More practical, hard-hitting, and innovative measures are needed to promote the in-depth and solid development of study and education.

Highlight a "Practical" Character

Du An (杜安)

Persistently implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation to make it tangible and accessible to the masses does not allow for any falsehood and must highlight a "practical" character.

In reality, some places and departments still have the phenomenon of "slow, push, and drag," leaving the demands of enterprises and the masses suspended in mid-air and stuck at the end. For example, some local government service platforms, after receiving consultations and demands from enterprises and the masses, have been perfunctorily dealing with them with "being processed" and "replying later," and even the problem of "reading and replying randomly" has occurred; some departments organize research seminars, allowing enterprises and the masses to "speak freely" and "make more demands and suggestions," recording them and expressing their positions on the spot, but there is no follow-up action. The reply key is pressed quickly, but the implementation key is slow to move. "Accepting and handling immediately" becomes "accepting and replying immediately," and "handling immediately" becomes "wait and see." In this way, the masses inevitably have opinions.

The common people look at work style construction mainly by seeing what problems have been solved. There are thousands of ways to serve the masses, but ultimately it must fall on "getting things done." Taking study and education as an opportunity to promote cadres to establish a correct view of performance, improve the whole-process response mechanism for handling demands, and force "being processed" to become "limited-time completion," can we win the trust of the people with new achievements in work style construction.

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Looking forward to more "HarmonyOS moments" (People's Daily Commentary)

By: 谷业凯

A history of breakthroughs is precisely the history of China stepping out of its comfort zone in key core technology fields and achieving transcendence through "catching up."

With firm confidence and a mindset of "neither too hasty nor too slow," accumulating perseverance and tenacity, we have reason to believe that more "HarmonyOS moments" will emerge on this hotbed of innovation, and more stories of counterattacks from catching up to surpassing will be staged.

The operating system is the soul of information technology, no less important than chips.

Recently, Huawei (华为) officially released two new HarmonyOS (鸿蒙) computers, giving China a computer operating system that is independent and controllable from the kernel layer. This marks a significant breakthrough for domestic operating systems in the personal computer field.

Why is it difficult for domestic operating systems to break through? The R&D cycle is long, the investment is large, and the global operating system market is highly concentrated. In the personal computer field, after decades of development, Microsoft Windows and Apple MacOS together account for nearly 90% of the global market share. As a "latecomer," Chinese companies face restrictions and challenges in this field, and have long failed to form a mature technology and industrial system.

To promote technological innovation, we must climb to higher places and tackle difficult challenges. In recent years, against the backdrop of increasingly fierce global technological competition and many uncertainties in technological cooperation, the domestic technology and industry sectors have risen to the challenge, promoting the gradual transformation of domestic operating systems from "usable" to "easy to use," and some products have begun to show strong competitiveness.

The HarmonyOS (鸿蒙) system, which was "turned positive" under pressure, has grown into one of the world's three major mobile operating systems; Alibaba Cloud's "Apsara" (阿里云“飞天”) system can connect millions of servers around the world into a "supercomputer"; the domestic operating system open-source ecosystem community is growing rapidly, and the market scale is constantly expanding... Related cases reflect China's continuous exploration and efforts in information security, industrial independence, and technological autonomy.

In the field of science and technology, there are countless such stories of counterattacks. Taiyuan Iron and Steel (太钢) turned "hundred-refined steel" into "绕指柔" 绕指柔 (rào zhǐ róu - "winding around the finger softness," extremely flexible and soft), shattering the fallacy that "China will never be able to produce 0.02 mm 'hand-tear steel'." The rise of companies such as BOE (京东方), TCL China Star (TCL华星), and Visionox (维信诺) has promoted the leap of China's display panel industry from long-term reliance on imports to a global market share of over 70%. Domestic gene sequencers and RV reducers, with their ultra-high cost performance, are reshaping the global market landscape. A history of breakthroughs is precisely the history of China stepping out of its comfort zone in key core technology fields and achieving transcendence through "catching up."

Only with a solid foundation can a tall building be built. At present, the international situation is undergoing profound and complex changes, and China, which is moving towards a high level of scientific and technological self-reliance, must always firmly grasp the initiative of innovation and the initiative of development in its own hands.

In recent years, through continuous and unremitting efforts, China has achieved breakthroughs in some key core technology fields and has also accumulated many important experiences. For example, as early as the initial stage of 5G development, relying on the national science and technology major projects, a 5G promotion group composed of all parties in industry, academia, and research was established to jointly promote the tackling of key core technologies; in the process of developing domestic large aircraft, 22 provinces, more than 200 enterprises, and tens of thousands of people vigorously collaborated to give full play to the advantages of the new type of national system... These technological breakthroughs are inseparable from the innovation of systems and mechanisms.

To seek impetus from deepening reform, make good use of experience, make up for shortcomings, and further remove the institutional and mechanism barriers that affect and restrict innovation vitality, so as to empower and assist the tackling of key core technologies.

It should also be noted that achieving independence and self-reliance is by no means an overnight achievement, but a long-term process. We started late and have a weak foundation in many fields, but as long as we clarify the direction, give play to our strengths and avoid our weaknesses, and stimulate potential, we can also take the lead even if we start late. From basic research to cutting-edge technology, from national planning to corporate awareness, from past shortcomings to today's momentum, innovation has been deeply rooted in the land of China and deeply integrated into the blood of the Chinese people. With firm confidence and a mindset of "neither too hasty nor too slow," accumulating perseverance and tenacity, we have reason to believe that more "HarmonyOS (鸿蒙) moments" will emerge on this hotbed of innovation, and more stories of counterattacks from catching up to surpassing will be staged.

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Photo Story

Data shows that in April of this year, the added value of the intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle manufacturing industry increased by 74.2%, significantly faster than the growth rate of industrial enterprises above a designated size. Some analysts predict that by 2025, China's low-altitude economy market size will reach 1.5 trillion yuan. The impressive data reflects the comprehensive upgrading and deep integration of the low-altitude economy industrial chain. From research and development and manufacturing to operation services and infrastructure, China has built a mature low-altitude economy industrial ecosystem.

This is precisely:

Iron wings break through the sky, the momentum has not diminished,
Intelligent manufacturing chases the waves higher.
Favorable winds frequently send thousands of tons of force,
Boundless blue sea together to ride the tide.

Xu Zhiwen (徐之文)

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Ditch the White Sneakers, Put on the Yellow Rubber Boots (China Road, China Dream: Youth Shouldering Responsibility for Chinese-style Modernization ⑧)

By: 曾云凤

More than a year ago, as a selected and assigned college graduate, I went to Hongshui Village (洪水村), Renshou County (仁寿县), Sichuan (四川) to start my village-based work. Full of enthusiasm, I soon encountered "acclimatization."

When I first arrived in the village, I was reserved and shy, afraid to speak. The village Party secretary took me from house to house, introducing, "This is Sister Liu (刘大姐)," "That is Aunt Wang (王大娘)." After several visits, I mustered up the courage to take the initiative to chat with the villagers, but I had a bad start. Not only did I find it difficult to integrate into the villagers' conversations, but sometimes I didn't pay attention to the timing of the conversations and was considered to be delaying work. After many times, I was like a deflated ball, unable to muster any energy. I asked the village Party secretary for advice: "Why am I working so hard, but I still can't 打成一片 (dǎ chéng yī piàn - "become one," to integrate with the masses) with everyone?" The village Party secretary smiled and replied, "Child, look down at the shoes you are wearing first. Last time, an 'old-timer' said to me that he was afraid of getting your white shoes dirty. Also, the words on this A4 paper must be translated into the words of Hongshui Village (洪水村) to work."

Only by being physically and mentally involved can you become one with the people and hear the real voices. The village Party secretary's words were like a thunderbolt, and I no longer carried a notebook, wore white shoes, or spoke Mandarin. Instead, I picked up a hoe, put on rubber shoes, and learned to speak the local dialect. When I saw Aunt Li (李大娘) preparing a wedding banquet for her son, I took the initiative to sit down and help wash vegetables, and by the way, I introduced the precautions for handling happy events. "It's a big happy event! I'll send you two strings of smokeless electronic firecrackers, which are lively and smokeless, and very popular." Seeing that the poverty-stricken household, Grandpa Wang (王大爷), was raising chickens, I quickly checked the policies and introduced them, "Grandpa, do you know that there are subsidies for raising chicks? If you raise enough 30, you can get a subsidy of 1,000 yuan," and I helped him apply for the subsidy.

Changing from "waiting for people to come to the door" to "taking the initiative to go down," I learned to "run errands in reverse" and "work on the ground." Gradually, the villagers no longer regarded me as an "outsider in white shoes," but said that I was like a "caring" relative, and began to pull me to "chat," asking what good policies there were this year and what new loan优惠 were available. The "last mile" of implementing pro-people policies is not in documents or meetings, but in the fields and alleys.

Only by caring about the people's hearts can you gain their "trust." General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that "the people's affairs are the most important things." More than a year of village-based work has given me a deeper understanding of what this "thing" is. In Hongshui Village (洪水村), it is about children having access to good schools, medical expenses being reimbursed, and cement roads for going out, which are all aspects of life. Treat these things as your own "top priorities" and do them in a down-to-earth manner, and the people will naturally see it and feel happy. In more than 500 days and nights, my electric car mileage is close to 20,000 kilometers. I have traveled every winding path. I can hardly forget customizing exclusive "smartphone instructions" for the elderly in the village under the big tree, tutoring left-behind children to do their homework in the village committee office, rushing to harvest rapeseed in the "rotten field rain," and distributing "water packages" to farmland in the spring plowing season...

"些小吾曹州县吏，一枝一叶总关情 (xiē xiǎo wú cáo zhōu xiàn lì, yī zhī yī yè zǒng guān qíng - "Even minor officials care about every branch and leaf," even small things concerning the people should be taken to heart). Although the branches and leaves are small, they are connected to the root. Step by step, inch by inch, only by putting in the fine work of "doing everything with utmost care" with sincerity can we do the "most important things" well and weave a harmonious and beautiful picture of "achieving great things." For me, seeing the elderly Yangko team that I helped organize shine on the township stage, learning that the grain planting subsidies I helped apply for have been distributed to the villagers, and hearing that the two families I mediated have reconciled, that sense of accomplishment and satisfaction is more valuable than anything else.

Now, in the mouths of the village cadres, I have changed from a "graduate student" who knows astronomy and geography to "Little Zeng (小曾)" who knows spring plowing and summer busy; in the mouths of the villagers, I have changed from a "leader" from the county to "Sister Zeng (曾妹儿)" in our village. This October, I will end my training in Hongshui Village (洪水村), but this experience will be deeply imprinted in my heart. It has witnessed my growth and given me the confidence to move forward without fear and achieve a brilliant life in the practical struggle of serving the people.

(The author is the assistant to the Party branch secretary of Hongshui Village (洪水村), Baoma Town (宝马镇), Renshou County (仁寿县), Sichuan (四川))

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How Local Delicacies Spread Their Aroma Far and Wide (Across the Land)

By: 韩松妍

Setting standards should pursue "flavor standards," not "standard flavors"; it should aim to avoid the "lower limit of unpalatability," rather than restricting the "upper limit of deliciousness." As long as the standards are properly formulated, it is entirely possible to achieve a balance between "flavor" and "standard."

Not long ago, the Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission (江苏省卫生健康委) officially released a notice on its website, publicly soliciting opinions on three local food safety standards for black garlic, chicken cake, and glutinous rice lotus root. In recent years, from Nanjing Duck Blood Vermicelli Soup (南京鸭血粉丝汤) in Jiangsu (江苏) to Liuzhou River Snail Rice Noodles (柳州螺蛳粉) in Guangxi (广西), from Xinjiang Dapanji (新疆大盘鸡) to Cantonese Shrimp Dumplings (广式虾饺), "establishing rules" for local delicacies has gradually become a trend.

Some people question whether it is meddling to set rules for snacks with different styles. In fact, this is of great significance for the long-term development of local delicacies. From the supply side, affected by problems such as uneven quality of merchants, weak food safety foundation, and poor environment, some specialty snack shops cannot meet consumers' high-quality dietary needs, and urgently need to standardize market order through standardization. From the demand side, many local delicacies are taking advantage of the cultural and tourism boom, and their popularity is increasing, and market demand is growing. As of March this year, the total number of snack and fast food stores nationwide has exceeded 3.6 million. However, on the other hand, the chain rate of snack and fast food stores is not high, and consumers have difficulty obtaining high-quality and stable catering experiences, which affects the overall reputation of local delicacies.

For a long time, practitioners of traditional snacks and local delicacies have mostly followed the oral tradition of inheritance, and their taste quality and food safety depend on the individual skills and professional ethics of the producers. From raw material requirements and sensory requirements to the selection of seasonings and food additives, and then to environmental hygiene and service guarantees, setting standards and making clear requirements for food production can promote more controllable quality and more standardized operation, making the "authentic" regional characteristics more perceptible and knowable.

Furthermore, setting standards is also conducive to large-scale operation, allowing local delicacies to go to a wider market. The reason why Liuzhou River Snail Rice Noodles (柳州螺蛳粉) can counterattack from street stalls to become internet-famous noodles is due to standardization and industrialization transformation, such as an annual output value of hundreds of billions of yuan this year; Shaxian Snacks (沙县小吃) from Fujian (福建) have also radiated to about 80 countries and regions around the world through standardization. Experience shows that standardization can provide a solid foundation for the standardized, branded, and large-scale development of local delicacies, and help to continuously enhance brand influence and improve market competitiveness.

Of course, how to set the standards is a great knowledge. Some people worry that standardization will make food lose its "soul"? Indeed, the charm of food lies in "a thousand people, a thousand flavors." But what needs to be clarified is that setting standards is to pursue "flavor standards," not "standard flavors"; it is to avoid the "lower limit of unpalatability," rather than restricting the "upper limit of deliciousness." For example, the Tianjin Jianbing Guǒzi (天津煎饼馃子) professional standard stipulates the flour for making Guǒzi (馃子) and Guǒbiér (馃箅儿), but does not give a standard definition for the secret ingredients added in the production process, leaving room for producers to play. As long as the standards are properly formulated, it is entirely possible to achieve a balance between "flavor" and "standard."

Last year, the Ministry of Commerce (商务部) and other 9 departments issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the High-Quality Development of the Catering Industry," encouraging the formulation of technical standards around key areas such as local cuisine production. To make standards better serve the development of local food industry, relevant departments and industry associations need to adhere to a scientific and reasonable orientation when formulating standards. On the one hand, it is necessary to be down-to-earth and improve operability. Through in-depth research, indicators that are of key significance to product characteristics can be screened out and transformed into quantifiable parameters. On the other hand, it is necessary to reserve space for differentiated development. For "added points" that reflect the quality of food, flexible management can be adopted, and positive guidance can be carried out through recommended standards and other forms to avoid mandatory constraints in everything.

Standards cannot be issued once and for all, the key lies in implementation. Relevant departments should strengthen supervision, and businesses should also be highly self-disciplined, and take practical actions to maintain local food brands. We are happy to see more places find the "golden section" between tradition and standards, so that local delicacies can go further and smell fragrant all over the world.

(Excerpted from "Farmers Daily" (《农民日报》), originally titled "Establishing Rules for Local Delicacies is Really Not 'Meddling'")

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Editor in charge of this edition: Chen Ling, Shi Ling, He Juan

This edition's email: rmbpl@peopledaily.cn (Please indicate the column name when submitting manuscripts)

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Enable More Research Talents to Showcase Their Abilities and Make Great Achievements (Narratives · Promoting the Spirit of Scientists (Special Feature))

General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out that he hopes the vast number of science and technology workers will consciously integrate their academic pursuits into the great cause of building a strong country in science and technology, forge ahead with determination, pursue excellence, and create new achievements worthy of the times and worthy of the people!

In recent years, China's scientific and technological innovation achievements have continued to emerge, which is inseparable from the concerted and dedicated efforts of the vast number of science and technology workers. They shoulder the important task of innovation and bravely climb the peak of science and technology, making contributions to accelerating the construction of a strong country in science and technology and realizing high-level self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology. May 30th is the ninth "National Science and Technology Workers' Day." This newspaper's reporters interviewed four science and technology workers to hear their stories of striving to overcome difficulties and forging ahead with innovation.

——Editor

I hope you will adhere to your original aspiration and mission, give full play to your own advantages, lead everyone to continue exploring the independent training model of innovative talents, promote interdisciplinary and cutting-edge innovation, and build a high-level talent training and scientific and technological innovation base.

——June 11, 2024, Xi Jinping (习近平) replied to a letter from Yao Qizhi (姚期智), Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and Professor of Tsinghua University (清华大学)

Cultivating Original Innovative Talents "From 0 to 1"

Yao Qizhi (姚期智)

[Scene]

Recently, the paper of Lü Kaifeng (吕凯风), an alumnus of the Tsinghua Xuetang Computer Science Experimental Class (Yao Class) (清华学堂计算机科学实验班（姚班）), won the 2025 "Outstanding Paper Award" at the top international conference in the field of deep learning, and he is about to return to school to teach. Speaking of this news, Yao Qizhi (姚期智) was very pleased: "There must be someone engaged in 'from 0 to 1' innovation, doing work that is uncertain but of high value."

In recent years, China has gradually reached the international leading level in many fields of science and technology, which makes people extremely proud! However, in terms of original innovation "from 0 to 1," we still need to work hard. So, what is original innovation?

Taking the field of artificial intelligence as an example: from core concepts such as neural networks and reinforcement learning to AlphaFold2, which predicts protein structures, these achievements are undoubtedly "from 0 to 1." In China, DeepSeek, with its unique perspective on problems and breaking with convention, doesn't it also meet the definition of "from 0 to 1" original innovation?

Cultivating "from 0 to 1" original innovative talents is a necessary condition for building a strong country in science and technology. At present, China is constantly cultivating fertile soil for the cultivation of innovative talents, and the independent talent training system is becoming increasingly mature. We are pleased to see that some of the R&D personnel in the DeepSeek team completed their higher education in China; in the process of recruiting teachers, we also found that some talents trained in China have reached the world's first-class level. There is no doubt that Chinese people have the ability to innovate "from 0 to 1," and a system for cultivating "from 0 to 1" innovative talents is being formed.

At present, how can we continue to optimize the scientific research environment so that these talents can make "from 0 to 1" innovations? I think that some "small but refined" research units can play a unique role. These institutions have visionary leading talents and strong autonomy, allowing researchers to let go and try boldly. With the continuous improvement of innovation capabilities today, we should focus on building a group of such "small but refined" research units.

At Tsinghua University (清华大学), the "Yao Class" has been established for 20 years, dedicated to carrying out first-class undergraduate education; the Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences (交叉信息研究院) has been established for more than 10 years, gathering and cultivating many outstanding young teachers, all of which adhere to the concept of building "small but refined" research institutions. Many "Yao Class" alumni have returned to domestic universities to teach after completing their studies, forming a cycle of "talent training—innovation—feeding back talent training." Now, by building new research institutions such as the Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute (上海期智研究院), we hope to replicate the successful experience again and let the seeds of original innovation continue to blossom and bear fruit.

(The author is an Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and Dean of the Institute for Interdisciplinary Information Sciences (交叉信息研究院) at Tsinghua University (清华大学). This article was compiled by Wu Yue (吴月), a reporter from this newspaper.)

We must vigorously promote the spirit of lunar exploration throughout society, which is to pursue dreams, dare to explore, work together, and cooperate for win-win results.

——September 23, 2024, Xi Jinping (习近平) made an important speech when meeting with representatives of the Chang'e-6 (嫦娥六号) mission participants in the Lunar Exploration Project (探月工程)

Pursuing Dreams in the Sky and Moving Towards Further Unknowns

Wu Weiren (吴伟仁)

[Scene]

At 7 a.m., Wu Weiren (吴伟仁) walked into the office and started his day's work. On the bookshelf facing the door, a wide image is particularly eye-catching—the Chang'e-6 (嫦娥六号) lander and ascender combination stands on the back of the moon. This is a high-definition work photo sent back by the detector. The silver-gray lunar soil clearly shows the indentation of the Chang'e-6 (嫦娥六号) lander. The desolation and mystery of the back of the moon are fully visible. Half a person's height of documents are piled on the right side of the desk, and the work schedule is fully arranged under the glass plate.

In 2008, I began to serve as the chief designer of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Project (中国探月工程). At that time, Chang'e-1 (嫦娥一号)'s first lunar orbit detection had just been successful. The Lunar Exploration Project (探月工程) is a major scientific and technological project that brings together more than 2,000 units and tens of thousands of scientific and technological workers across the country to participate directly or indirectly. Every breakthrough is the result of close cooperation and overcoming difficulties by various systems. Along the way, many stories are unforgettable.

I remember during the Chang'e-4 (嫦娥四号) mission, a problem was placed in front of us: the moon always faces the earth on one side. How can human detectors flying to the back of the moon maintain communication with the earth? The team spent nearly two years solving the problem of the best spatial point for relay star communication, realizing the simultaneous visibility of the relay star to the lunar back detector and the earth station. On May 21, 2018, the "Queqiao" (鹊桥) relay star of the Chang'e-4 (嫦娥四号) mission was launched, and China ended the history of "no service area" for lunar back communication; on January 11, 2019, the Chang'e-4 (嫦娥四号) lander and the Yutu-2 (玉兔二号) rover successfully completed "mutual shooting" under the support of the "Queqiao" (鹊桥) relay star.

China's lunar exploration project is moving towards a deeper space: the Chang'e-7 (嫦娥七号) mission will focus on the South Pole of the moon to carry out polar environment and water ice resource exploration; Chang'e-8 (嫦娥八号) will verify core technologies such as lunar in-situ construction and resource utilization, and build the basic model of the lunar research station; at the same time, we are also working with international counterparts to promote the construction of the International Lunar Research Station. Currently, 17 countries and international organizations, and more than 50 international scientific research institutions have joined the International Lunar Research Station cooperation.

We must transform the spirit of lunar exploration into the original intention of looking up at the stars, the down-to-earth actions, the courage to be the first in the world, and the cooperation of **万人一杆枪** (wàn rén yī gān qiāng - "ten thousand people one gun," unified action), and constantly encourage generations of aerospace personnel to continue to struggle and make new contributions to accelerating the construction of a strong aerospace country.

(The author is an Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (中国工程院) and Chief Designer of the Chinese Lunar Exploration Project (中国探月工程). This article was compiled by Guan Xuanyue (管璇悦), a reporter from this newspaper.)

We should make good use of this major scientific and technological device, strengthen marine science and technology innovation, expand international marine cooperation, and make greater contributions to promoting Chinese-style modernization and building a community with a shared future for mankind.

——November 17, 2024, Xi Jinping (习近平) sent a letter to congratulate the completion and commissioning of the "Mengxiang" (梦想) deep-sea drilling vessel

Make Good Use of "Mengxiang" (梦想) to Explore the Mysteries of the Deep Blue

Sun Zhen (孙珍)

[Scene]

At dawn, the "Mengxiang" (梦想) deep-sea drilling vessel in the Pearl River Estuary (珠江口) in Guangzhou (广州) shines in the reflection of the water waves. In the shipborne laboratory, Sun Zhen (孙珍) is wearing a lab coat and staring intently at a "treasure" just salvaged from the seabed—a long core column. "Come and see, come and see!" Sun Zhen (孙珍) greeted the scientific researchers around him, "This is the first 'undersea express' sent by 'Mengxiang' (梦想)! It's amazing!" As soon as the words fell, the scientific researchers gathered around...

My work is closely related to the sea and drilling. I have been on foreign deep-sea drilling vessels three times as a representative of Chinese scientists to perform drilling tasks. At that time, I often wondered: When will China have its own deep-sea drilling vessel? Last November, China's first independently designed and built deep-sea drilling vessel "Mengxiang" (梦想) was officially commissioned in Guangzhou (广州), Guangdong (广东). At that moment, the dream came true!

"Mengxiang" (梦想) undertakes many missions such as deep-sea resource exploration, deep-sea scientific drilling, and deep-sea scientific investigation. It can be used to find out the bottom of China's seabed energy and mineral resources and help us understand the earth more deeply.

"Mengxiang" (梦想) is like a mobile "national laboratory" on the sea. There are 9 laboratories on board, including basic geology, paleomagnetism, inorganic geochemistry, organic geochemistry, microbiology, marine science, natural gas hydrate, geophysics, and drilling technology. Taking the core scanning we recently did as an example, the core extracted from the seabed is placed in the scanner. As the instrument starts, a set of three-dimensional images is gradually displayed on the computer screen. Without cutting the core, scientific researchers can initially understand the internal structure and material composition.

"Mengxiang" (梦想) itself is an epitome of China's continuous new steps in high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement. Many of the key technologies are independently developed in China. The accumulation of these technologies has given us greater confidence in high-end ships, marine engineering equipment, and other fields. At the same time, its completion and commissioning will provide China with a "scientific research tool" to launch an international deep-sea drilling program led by itself.

We must make full use of this major scientific and technological device, continue to innovate and break through, and unswervingly pursue the dream of the deep blue, and strive unremittingly for the construction of a strong maritime power!

(The author is the head of the Deep-Sea Drilling Center of the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey (广州海洋地质调查局). This article was compiled by Chang Qin (常钦), a reporter from this newspaper.)

Artificial intelligence is a young career and also a career for young people. We are comprehensively promoting the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation. It is a good time for the younger generation to show their talents and make great achievements.

——April 29, 2025, Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized during a visit to the "Model Speed Space" (模速空间) large model innovation ecological community in Shanghai (上海)

Release the "Right Brain" Potential of Artificial Intelligence

Fan Ling (范凌)

[Scene]

As the lights came on, the Tezign Technology Laboratory (特赞科技实验室) in "Model Speed Space" (模速空间), Xuhui District (徐汇区), Shanghai (上海), was a busy scene. The sound of keyboards and enthusiastic discussions rose and fell. Fan Ling (范凌) is discussing the testing of the latest products with several graduate students from the College of Design and Innovation (设计创意学院) of Tongji University (同济大学). This is not only the office location of Tezign Technology (特赞科技), but also the Tongji University Design Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (同济大学设计人工智能实验室). Here, a group of young people are focusing on the research and development of enterprise-level content artificial intelligence platforms to help enterprises achieve more efficient content production, analysis, distribution, and management.

We are a company dedicated to artificial intelligence to empower enterprise content. We hope to build an enterprise-level content artificial intelligence platform through the combination of technology and creativity. Among them, the most core technology is the understanding and generation of content, which is to use large language models to reason and analyze unstructured data such as pictures, texts, and videos, and finally produce the content that users need.

Research shows that the human left brain controls logical operations, while the right brain dominates humanities, design, and art. At present, most artificial intelligence technologies are concentrated on "left brain" development, and the potential of the "right brain" has not been fully explored. Our direction of effort is to release the "right brain" potential of artificial intelligence, and through a large amount of data accumulation, form a basic open source data set for creative design, so as to promote the artificial intelligence platform to more efficiently understand and optimize content production.

In recent years, we have jointly established the Tongji University Design Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (同济大学设计人工智能实验室) with Tongji University (同济大学), and formed a research team covering multiple disciplines such as design, computer science, cognitive science, digital humanities, and management science. Everyone is working together around "content + artificial intelligence." At present, the team has built a multi-level teaching system, developed more than 30 curriculum modules, put artificial intelligence technology into teaching scenarios, and cultivated innovative talents while optimizing technology.

In April of this year, with the joint efforts of everyone, we released the commercial research intelligence agent atypica.AI, which realizes open-ended business problem deduction by simulating the unstructured thinking path in human decision-making.

Scientific and technological innovation has broad prospects, and artificial intelligence is booming. Continuously expanding the boundaries of technology and cultivating more creative young people is our direction of effort.

(The author is the head of Tezign Technology (特赞科技) and a professor at the College of Design and Innovation (设计创意学院) of Tongji University (同济大学). This article was compiled by Tian Hong (田泓), a reporter from this newspaper.)

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Igniting More Sparks of Innovation and Creativity (Thoughts)

By: 管璇悦

Science and technology constitute the primary productive force, talent represents the primary resource, and innovation serves as the primary driving force. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that scientific researchers are the backbone for advancing Chinese-style modernization and should demonstrate the spirit of "**人生能有几回搏**" (rén shēng néng yǒu jǐ huí bó - "life has only a few chances to strive," seize the moment and give it your all) and unleash their potential for innovation and creation. China boasts a vast number of scientific and technological workers. How can we enable them to unleash their potential and ignite more sparks of innovation and creation?

First, let's examine a "help-wanted ad" from a research institution: "We are looking for scientists who are bold, have wildly imaginative ideas, and are not afraid of failure." These few words outline the characteristics of innovation. Scientific exploration is like an endless land reclamation. From the periodic table of elements to the double helix structure of DNA, many groundbreaking discoveries often originate from "unrealistic" ideas, requiring the courage to delve into barren areas and the perseverance to repeatedly try and fail. For scientific and technological workers, sufficient support and a relaxed environment are essential. Providing long-term, high-intensity support for free exploration; issuing a list of errors and exemptions to give scientific research and trial-and-error a "green light"... Numerous measures patiently accompany the long-distance run of scientific research, so that more scientific and technological workers dare to think and act.

Next, let's look at the "uniqueness" of a research institute: allowing young scholars to skip the postdoctoral stage after graduating with a doctorate and directly lead a team independently. One aspect of exploration reflects the optimization of the innovation ecosystem. Breaking with seniority and not solely focusing on talent "labels" is actually an epitome of the deepening of scientific and technological system reform. Implementing the "whoever can do it takes the lead" and "horse racing" system, allowing young scientists to take the lead in major scientific research tasks; reducing red tape and cumbersome report approvals to relieve scientists of burdens... Hard and practical measures continue to exert force, pointing to the same goal: improving the innovation environment, stimulating innovation vitality, and enabling more scientific and technological workers to be good at what they do and achieve something.

The vast number of scientific and technological workers are China's most valuable asset for scientific and technological innovation, and also the strongest foundation. At present, R&D investment is increasing year by year, the innovation environment is continuously cultivated, and scientific and technological workers should and can unleash their potential for innovation and creation. In the future, maintaining the spirit of daring to think and act, and being good at what they do and achieving something, will surely contribute to the construction of a strong country in science and technology, and bravely shoulder the responsibility for Chinese-style modernization!

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Message

We must focus on the needs of social development, promote the development of artificial intelligence through mechanism modeling technology, and then empower high-end equipment, so that innovation potential can be fully released in the front line of the industry.

——Jin Junyang (金骏阳), Head of Yuanshi Intelligent Technology (Nantong) Co., Ltd. (元始智能科技（南通）有限公司) of Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute (江苏省产业技术研究院)

Our team has always been rooted in the forefront of new rice variety cultivation, and will continue to explore innovation, cultivate more high-yield and high-quality new varieties, and help ensure national food security.

——He Guanghua (何光华), Director of the Rice Research Institute of Southwest University (西南大学水稻研究所)

I have always firmly believed that there is no shortcut to tackling key technologies, and only dedication can break through barriers. In work, it is very important to carefully study a skill. We must inherit the spirit of craftsmanship and cultivate more skilled talents.

——Li Wanjun (李万君), Chief Operator of CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co. (中车长春轨道客车公司)

In recent years, research conditions have been continuously improved, and the talent team has continued to grow. We will continue to take root in the west, continue to tackle key problems, and make more contributions to building a solid ecological security barrier for my country's grasslands.

——Hua Limin (花立民), Deputy Director of the Engineering Technology Research Center for Rodent Pest Control in Alpine Grassland of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration (国家林草局高寒草地鼠害防控工程技术研究中心)

(Reported by Yao Xueqing (姚雪青), Wang Xinyue (王欣悦), Liu Yiqing (刘以晴), and Song Chaojun (宋朝军), journalists of this newspaper)

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Editor in Charge for This Edition: Song Yu, Kang Yan, Liu Juanxi

Layout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)

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Tianwen-2: Heading towards an asteroid!

By: 喻思南  李  仪  张  未

In the early morning of May 29th, at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (西昌卫星发射中心), the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) probe of the planetary exploration project was successfully launched, flying to the vast deep space, starting an asteroid exploration and sample return journey.

According to reports, the main mission objective of Tianwen-2 (天问二号) is to explore and sample the asteroid 2016HO3 and return to Earth, and then conduct scientific exploration of the main-belt comet 311P. The mission includes a total of 13 flight phases, with a planned maximum distance of approximately 150 million to 500 million kilometers from Earth, marking a new step in China's deep space exploration.

It is expected to expand scientific understanding of small celestial bodies.

Han Siyuan (韩思远), Deputy Director of the Lunar Exploration and Space Engineering Center of the China National Space Administration (国家航天局) and spokesperson for the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission, introduced that the main mission objective of Tianwen-2 (天问二号) is to explore and sample the asteroid 2016HO3 and return to Earth, and then conduct scientific exploration of the main-belt comet 311P. The mission is considered successful when asteroid samples are collected and returned to Earth.

The engineering goals of the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission are to break through a series of key technologies such as sampling on the surface of weak gravity celestial bodies, high-precision relative autonomous navigation and control, and small thrust transfer orbit design, while providing detection data and valuable samples for cutting-edge scientific research on the origin and evolution of asteroids.

The scientific goals of Tianwen-2 (天问二号) focus on measuring multiple physical parameters of asteroids and main-belt comets. This includes measuring the orbital parameters, rotation parameters, shape, size, thermal radiation characteristics, and other physical parameters of asteroids and main-belt comets, and conducting orbital dynamics research; conducting research on the morphology, material composition, internal structure, and possible ejecta of asteroids and main-belt comets; conducting laboratory analysis of samples, measuring the physical properties, chemical and mineral composition, isotopic composition, and structural construction of samples, and conducting research on the formation and evolution of asteroids and the early solar system.

According to reports, the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) probe is equipped with 11 scientific instruments, including a medium-field-of-view color camera, a multi-spectral camera, a visible and infrared imaging spectrometer, a thermal radiation spectrometer, and a detection radar, to help the probe obtain scientific data. "Through the implementation of the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission, we are expected to achieve breakthroughs in scientific research in terms of the understanding, origin, and evolution of these two types of small celestial bodies," said Han Siyuan (韩思远).

The probe is more intelligent with on-the-fly exploration and decision-making.

According to Zeng Fuming (曾福明) of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中国航天科技集团), the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission is designed to last about 10 years and includes 13 flight phases: launch phase, asteroid transfer phase, asteroid approach phase, asteroid rendezvous phase, asteroid close-range exploration phase, asteroid sampling phase, return waiting phase, return transfer phase, re-entry and recovery phase, main-belt comet transfer phase, main-belt comet approach phase, main-belt comet rendezvous phase, and main-belt comet close-range exploration phase. The technical difficulty is high, and the engineering risk is great.

Among them, the exploration of asteroid 2016HO3 includes 9 phases. After the launch phase is successfully completed, the probe enters the asteroid transfer phase. This phase will last about 1 year, during which deep space maneuvers and mid-course corrections will be carried out until it is about 30,000 kilometers away from the asteroid. Then, it will successively enter the asteroid approach phase, rendezvous phase, and close-range exploration phase. In the close-range exploration phase, following the principle of "exploring while flying, gradually approaching," the asteroid will be hovered over and actively orbited for exploration. After determining the sampling area, it will enter the sampling phase.

After completing the sampling mission, the probe will go through the return waiting phase and return transfer phase. During the return transfer phase, it will approach Earth, and the return capsule will separate from the main probe. Then, it will independently enter the re-entry and recovery phase, and is expected to land on Earth and be recovered by the end of 2027. After that, the main probe will continue to fly to the main-belt comet 311P to carry out subsequent exploration missions.

According to reports, the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission adopts a strategy of on-the-fly exploration and decision-making, which improves the intelligence and autonomy of the probe. In order to effectively respond to the uncertainty of the characteristics of asteroid 2016HO3 and obtain asteroid samples as much as possible, Tianwen-2 (天问二号) has designed three sampling modes: touch, hover, and attachment.

The Long March 3B (长征三号乙) rocket performs Earth escape orbit launch for the first time.

As one of China's important deep space exploration missions, the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission has absorbed the relevant technical foundations of previous missions in deep space communication, measurement and control, and autonomous navigation, and has also inherited the relevant modular design concepts in the overall design ideas. In terms of specific payload configuration, relevant payload research and design work has been carried out in a targeted manner according to the scientific exploration needs of asteroid 2016HO3 and main-belt comet 311P.

The Long March 3B (长征三号乙) carrier rocket, developed by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology (中国运载火箭技术研究院) under the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中国航天科技集团), is the "exclusive vehicle" for the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) probe. This is also the first time that the rocket has performed an Earth escape orbit launch. As the main rocket for high-orbit launches in China, the Long March 3B (长征三号乙) carrier rocket has completed 108 launches and has carried out lunar exploration missions such as Chang'e-3 (嫦娥三号) and Chang'e-4 (嫦娥四号).

Experts introduced that asteroids are small in size, mass, and gravity, making them difficult to capture, and requiring extremely high precision for rocket entry into orbit. This time, the rocket's orbital entry speed reached 11.2 kilometers per second, while the speed deviation cannot exceed 1 meter, otherwise it may cause a level difference of millions of kilometers.

"Such orbital entry precision is like throwing a basketball in Beijing (北京) and hitting a basket in Shanghai (上海), and also ensuring the angle and speed of the basketball when it enters the basket," explained Wei Yuanming (魏远明) of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中国航天科技集团). To this end, the research team used terminal velocity correction technology on the basis of iterative guidance technology to adjust the rocket's speed, attitude, etc. in real time before separation to ensure that it meets the orbital entry precision requirements.

Shan Zhongde (单忠德), Commander-in-Chief of the Planetary Exploration Project Tianwen-2 (天问二号) Mission Headquarters and Director of the China National Space Administration (国家航天局局长), said that the China National Space Administration (国家航天局) thoroughly implements General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions and important instructions and approvals on building a strong aerospace nation, takes the lead in implementing the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission, promotes the continuous advancement of interstellar exploration, and takes a new step in deep space exploration. It is expected that Tianwen-2 (天问二号) will complete various exploration missions as planned, achieve more original scientific results, uncover more cosmic mysteries, and enhance human understanding.

Why choose to explore asteroid 2016HO3 and main-belt comet 311P?

Asteroid 2016HO3 is a "quasi-satellite" of Earth, stably orbiting near Earth's orbit, with an orbital period close to Earth's orbital period. The orbit of this asteroid is relatively stable, and after the initial orbital design, the probe can reach it with relatively low energy, providing a feasible solution for continuing to carry out the exploration of main-belt comet 311P.

According to previous scientific research, asteroid 2016HO3 is very likely to retain the original information from the birth of the solar system, which has extremely high scientific research value for studying the early material composition, formation process, and evolution history of the solar system.

Main-belt comet 311P is a small celestial body orbiting in the asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, and has both the material composition characteristics of traditional comets and the orbital characteristics of asteroids. Exploring this main-belt comet can promote our exploration of the material composition, structure, and evolution mechanism of small celestial bodies.

Compared with the Tianwen-1 (天问一号) mission, what are the difficulties of the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission?

As China's first Mars exploration mission, Tianwen-1 (天问一号) achieved Mars "orbiting, landing, and roving" exploration in one mission. However, Tianwen-2 (天问二号) has different exploration goals, and the technical difficulties involved are also different.

First, Tianwen-2 (天问二号) needs to achieve sampling under weak gravity conditions. According to current observation data, asteroid 2016HO3 has an average diameter of about 41 meters and is almost in a zero-gravity environment. At the same time, it is in a state of high-speed rotation, and the probe needs to complete stable attachment and sampling in a limited time, which is extremely difficult.

Second, the Tianwen-2 (天问二号) mission has a large distance span. Asteroid 2016HO3 is about 18 million to 46 million kilometers away from Earth, and main-belt comet 311P is about 150 million to 500 million kilometers away from Earth, so there is a long communication delay. The long distance from Earth, multi-target exploration, and long mission cycle place higher demands on orbital design, energy management, intelligent control, and long life and high reliability of working conditions.

In addition, there are uncertainties in the characteristics of the target celestial body. According to existing observation data, there are still some uncertainties regarding the specific conditions such as the rotation speed and surface state of asteroid 2016HO3.

Why choose the Long March 3B (长征三号乙) carrier rocket?

In the past, when launching payloads within the Earth's orbital range, the rocket separation speed was the first cosmic velocity, which is 7.9 kilometers per second. In this mission, the rocket separation speed exceeds the second cosmic velocity of 11.2 kilometers per second, so that the probe can escape the Earth's gravity, which requires extremely high speed and energy. After comprehensively considering the rocket's carrying capacity, performance capability, and reliability, the Long March 3B (长征三号乙) carrier rocket was finally selected to undertake this mission.

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Enhancing the Rule of Law in Trade Union Work and Actively Building Harmonious Labor Relations

This newspaper Zhengzhou May 29th (Reporter Qi Yukun (亓玉昆)) From May 27th to 29th, Wang Dongming (王东明), Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, led a law enforcement inspection team in Henan Province (河南省) to inspect the implementation of the Trade Union Law. He emphasized the need to thoroughly implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on the working class and trade union work, as well as the Party Central Committee's decisions and deployments. This involves promoting the comprehensive and effective implementation of the Trade Union Law, fully safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the broad masses of workers, uniting and guiding hundreds of millions of workers to unswervingly listen to the Party and follow the Party, and consolidating the class foundation and mass base for the Party's long-term governance.

Wang Dongming (王东明) affirmed Henan Province's (河南省) experiences and practices in implementing the Trade Union Law. He pointed out that it is necessary to strengthen the rule of law thinking and be good at using the rule of law methods to promote trade union work on the track of the rule of law. It is necessary to further improve the legal system of trade unions, implement relevant laws and regulations in a thorough and effective manner, effectively guarantee that trade unions are established, managed, perform their duties, and protect their rights in accordance with the law, and actively promote the construction of harmonious labor relations.

In Zhengzhou (郑州) and Xinxiang (新乡), the law enforcement inspection team conducted on-site inspections and random checks in enterprises and communities, and visited the Zhengzhou February 7th Memorial Hall (郑州二七纪念堂) to review the history of the century-old workers' movement under the leadership of the Party.

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Legal aid service quality for minors significantly improved.

This newspaper reported from Beijing on May 29th (Reporter Zhang Cong (张璁)): The reporter learned from the Ministry of Justice (司法部) that since the "Legal Aid Protecting Seedlings" special action was launched a year ago, judicial administrative organs at all levels have strengthened legal aid work for minors from the aspects of system construction, team development, and quality improvement. The number of legal aid cases for minors has continued to increase, and the quality and efficiency of services have been significantly improved. According to statistics, in 2024, national legal aid institutions organized and handled a total of 180,000 legal aid cases for minors, providing legal advice to nearly 140,000 minors.

Judicial administrative organs at all levels have accurately identified new service needs for key groups such as left-behind and disadvantaged children, grasped new characteristics of malicious cases affecting the physical and mental health of minors, lowered the threshold for assistance, expanded the scope of assistance, and strengthened key protection. The Ministry of Justice (司法部) guides various regions to implement the Legal Aid Law, stipulating that minors who have suffered abuse, abandonment, or domestic violence are not subject to economic hardship restrictions when applying for legal aid.

According to reports, more than 1,900 legal aid workstations have been established in various regions relying on the Communist Youth League (共青团) organizations, and a high-quality legal aid team for minors has been initially formed. The Ministry of Justice (司法部) guides various regions to open special lines and zones for legal aid services for minors through 590,000 public legal service entity platforms, the 12348 public legal service hotline, the China Legal Service Network (中国法律服务网), and various provincial legal service networks, providing all-weather free legal consultation for minors, and providing appointment services and home visits for left-behind children and children with disabilities.

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2025 China Grand Canal Cultural Belt Beijing-Hangzhou Dialogue Opens in Beijing

This newspaper reported from Beijing on May 29th (Reporter Pan Junqiang (潘俊强)) On the 29th, the 2025 Beijing-Hangzhou Dialogue on the Grand Canal Cultural Belt of China (hereinafter referred to as "2025 Beijing-Hangzhou Dialogue"), themed "Thousands of Sails Racing, the Canal is Open and Beneficial" opened at the Grand Canal Museum in Beijing (北京). As a supporting activity of the Beijing Culture Forum, representatives from all parties will jointly explore the protection, inheritance, and utilization of the Grand Canal culture at this event.

Since its inception in 2019, the Beijing-Hangzhou Dialogue on the Grand Canal Cultural Belt of China has been held for six consecutive sessions. At the opening ceremony of the 2025 Beijing-Hangzhou Dialogue, the "Global Communication Campaign of the Grand Canal IP Family of China" was officially launched, and three major innovative achievements were released: the "Beijing-Hangzhou Dialogue" Grand Canal mascot IP "He Xi (河喜)", the "Beijing-Hangzhou Dialogue" Grand Canal trendy toy IP "Shui Yun Er (水运儿)", and the "Illustrated Compendium of Cultural and博物 of the Grand Canal of China". At the opening ceremony, the integrated consortium of "Canal Ideological and Political Education" for universities, middle schools, and primary schools in Canal cities was officially established. The 8 provinces and cities along the Canal will work together to build Canal classrooms and tell Canal stories.

The 2025 Beijing-Hangzhou Dialogue is hosted by the Information Office of the People's Government of Beijing Municipality (北京市人民政府新闻办公室), the Information Office of the People's Government of Zhejiang Province (浙江省人民政府新闻办公室), and the People's Government of Hangzhou Municipality (杭州市人民政府), among others. During the event, a series of activities such as the "Canal Scenery" Cultural Symbol Exhibition of Beijing (京) and Zhejiang (浙), the performance of the drama "Going North (北上)", the "Canal Discussion" high-end dialogue, and the Canal Market will also be held.

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"Private Enterprises Entering Border Regions" Campaign Enters Inner Mongolia

This newspaper Bayannur (巴彦淖尔) May 29th (Reporters Liu Botong (刘博通) and Zhai Qinqi (翟钦奇)) The "Private Enterprises Entering Border Areas - Inner Mongolia Trip" conference was held in Bayannur (巴彦淖尔) City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) on the 29th. Forty signed projects were released, involving new energy, green agricultural and livestock product processing, low-altitude economy and other fields, with a signing amount of 51.7 billion yuan. Parallel activities such as the Special Promotion of Northern Xinjiang Culture and Cultural Tourism Industry, the Promotion of New Energy and Equipment Manufacturing Industry Development, and the Promotion of Border Green Agricultural and Livestock Products Sales to the Whole Country were held simultaneously.

The conference was hosted by the People's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区人民政府) and guided by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民委) and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce (全国工商联). The main person in charge of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民委) stated that the "Private Enterprises Entering Border Areas" initiative has opened up new space for cooperation between border provinces and eastern and central provinces, and stimulated the new motivation of private entrepreneurs to participate in border construction. In the next step, the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民委) will run the main line of forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation through the entire process of private enterprises entering border areas, promote private enterprises to deeply participate in the State Ethnic Affairs Commission's (国家民委) "Border Specialty Products Sold Nationwide" and the cultivation and improvement of ethnic handicraft brands, and help border areas to prosper the border and enrich the people.

It is understood that the "Private Enterprises Entering Border Areas" initiative was jointly launched by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民委) and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce (全国工商联) in 2023, aiming to guide private enterprises to leverage their advantages in capital, technology, and management by building a platform to help border areas achieve high-quality development. To date, more than 2,500 entrepreneurs have participated, resulting in 470 signed projects with an agreement amount of more than 230 billion yuan, involving many fields such as new materials, equipment manufacturing, agriculture and animal husbandry, biomedicine, ecological environmental protection, and cultural tourism.

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Devoting Heart and Soul to Craftsmanship: Artisans Build Dragon Boats (On the Road to Dreams)

By: 本报记者  杨  迅

The Miluo River (汨罗江) in Hunan (湖南) surges on ceaselessly. Approaching the Dragon Boat Festival, the dragon boat race is a major event that locals look forward to every year. On the river, hundreds of boats compete, chasing each other, the scene even more lively than the New Year.

Named after the Miluo River (汨罗江) and famed because of Qu Yuan (屈原), Miluo City (汨罗市) has a long tradition of dragon boat manufacturing. Inside a local dragon boat factory, wood shavings fly and the air is filled with the scent of wood. Xu Guisheng (许桂生), a provincial-level inheritor of intangible cultural heritage in Hunan (湖南), is guiding apprentices in making dragon boats. Xu Guisheng (许桂生) is over sixty years old but still full of vigor. When he talks about making dragon boats, he just opens the floodgates.

In 1959, Xu Guisheng (许桂生) was born into a dragon boat family in Miluo (汨罗). The Xu family's dragon boat manufacturing skills have been passed down to Xu Guisheng (许桂生) as the fifth generation. In his teens, he followed his father to learn carpentry. Because of his high comprehension and willingness to work hard, in a few years, he grew from an apprentice to the leading master "Zhang Mo Shi" (掌墨师) in dragon boat making.

Compared with ordinary boats, dragon boats used for water sports have higher requirements in terms of materials and manufacturing processes, and the manufacturing process is more complicated. From material selection and logging to boat assembly and caulking, and then to painting and drawing scales... every process is very particular, making Xu Guisheng (许桂生) love and be obsessed with it throughout his life.

In the 1990s, Xu Guisheng (许桂生) and two friends started a dragon boat factory. At that time, the first World Dragon Boat Championships were held in Yueyang (岳阳), and the traditional Chinese sports event of dragon boat racing became a world competitive sport, and dragon boat orders came one after another. Just as the business was 蒸蒸日上 (zhēng zhēng rì shàng - "thriving day by day," becoming more and more prosperous), unexpectedly, a fire turned the factory into ashes. Xu Guisheng (许桂生) returned to his hometown, picked up carpentry again, and made a living by making furniture for the villagers, but he never forgot about making dragon boats.

Since 2005, Miluo (汨罗) began to hold the International Dragon Boat Festival. Xu Guisheng's (许桂生) hope was rekindled, and he started another dragon boat factory. He devoted more energy to the transformation and innovation of dragon boats: pulling the sides of the traditional dragon boat bottom, which is triangular, inward to create an arc to reduce resistance; adapting to the development of the times, building fiberglass dragon boats suitable for various competitions and more in line with international standards... The dragon boat business gradually improved. Xu Guisheng (许桂生), who has been in the industry for decades, is still obsessed with studying dragon boat manufacturing techniques. Dragon boat teams from many places come to him to order dragon boats.

Xu Guisheng's (许桂生) son, Xu Mingnan (许名南), chose to return to his hometown after graduating from university and took over his father's baton. Xu Guisheng (许桂生) is very pleased with this: "Dragon boat manufacturing is not only a profession, but also carries the traditional cultural heritage and craftsmanship skills that have been passed down for thousands of years, and it is worth passing on from generation to generation."

Today, the dragon boats made in Miluo (汨罗) not only ride the waves in many parts of the country, but are also sold to Europe, America, Japan, South Korea, and Southeast Asia. "I hope to make dragon boats better and better, and I hope to promote dragon boat sports to more places!" Xu Guisheng (许桂生) is very much looking forward to it.

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The First "Zero-Carbon Island" in the Yangtze River Basin Starts Operation

According to a report from the State Power Investment Corporation (国家电投) by reporter Ding Yiting (丁怡婷) from this newspaper, Beijing (北京), May 29th: On the 27th, the Mianchuan Island (棉船岛) wind power project located in Pengze County (彭泽县), Jiangxi (江西), achieved full-capacity grid connection for power generation. This marks the commissioning of the first "zero-carbon island" in the Yangtze River (长江) basin to achieve large-scale renewable energy power supply.

The wind power project connected to the grid this time is a key project for the construction of the "zero-carbon island" in Mianchuan Town (棉船镇). Thousands of builders spent a year and a half constructing 18 wind turbine units and related supporting energy storage systems. Coupled with the previously constructed photovoltaic projects, a self-sufficient clean energy supply system has now been basically completed.

After the project is put into operation, the annual power generation will reach more than 240 million kilowatt-hours, which is equivalent to saving 96,000 tons of standard coal and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 240,000 tons each year. In addition to achieving self-sufficiency in energy for the production and life of the 32,000 residents on the island, clean green electricity can also be transmitted to the grid and sent off the island.

It is reported that Mianchuan Town (棉船镇) "zero-carbon island" will comprehensively promote the combination of various resources such as "wind, solar, storage, hydrogen, agriculture, fishing, and tourism" to build a clean energy matrix and promote the green and low-carbon development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (长江经济带).

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This edition's editors: Ji Yalin, Guo Yue, Zhu Jiaqi

Layout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)

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Kindergartens Must Not Adopt Primary School Teaching Methods (Focus on the Rule of Law)

By: 本报记者 丁雅诵

Doing a good job in preschool education and realizing universal access to childcare is related to the healthy growth of hundreds of millions of children, the immediate interests of millions of families, and the future of the country and the nation. The "Preschool Education Law of the People's Republic of China" officially came into effect on June 1.

"In recent years, preschool education has developed rapidly, but it is still a weak link in the national education system, with structural shortages of resources, and imperfect systems and mechanisms in terms of investment guarantees, teacher team construction, and standardized supervision." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education (教育部) said that the implementation of the Preschool Education Law marks a new stage in which preschool education has "a special law to rely on," providing a strong legal guarantee for promoting the standardized development of preschool education.

The Preschool Education Law first clarifies the positioning of preschool education—preschool education is an integral part of the national education system and an important social public welfare undertaking. "This clarifies the nature of preschool education at the legal level and consolidates the basic and guiding position of preschool education. At the same time, it clarifies the responsibilities of the government in preschool education planning, investment, teacher team construction, supervision, and other aspects, highlighting the leading role of the government in developing preschool education," said Ma Huaide (马怀德), President of China University of Political Science and Law (中国政法大学) and Vice President of the China Law Society (中国法学会).

For some time, the "difficulty and expense of entering kindergartens" and irregular fees in some kindergartens have become a focus of social attention. "After the implementation of the Preschool Education Law, the kindergarten fee management system will be more sound." Chen Peng (陈鹏), a professor at the Faculty of Education of Shaanxi Normal University (陕西师范大学), explained that the law clarifies that social capital shall not control public kindergartens or non-profit private kindergartens through mergers and acquisitions, and kindergartens shall not directly or indirectly be listed as corporate assets at home and abroad. These provisions can effectively curb the tendency of private kindergartens to excessively pursue profits, and make kindergartens return to the basic requirement of "public welfare and inclusiveness."

How to construct a scientific preschool education content system? The Preschool Education Law clarifies the basic goal of preschool education, that is, to adhere to the principle of combining childcare and education. "The physical and mental development of preschool children is still relatively fragile and inseparable from professional care and effective support. Therefore, kindergarten education should achieve 'education in care and care in education,' integrating education into daily life and games to promote the all-round physical and mental development of children," said Liang Huijuan (梁慧娟), a professor at the Faculty of Education of Tianjin Normal University (天津师范大学). "After the implementation of the Preschool Education Law, kindergartens should more consciously enhance their awareness of teaching according to law and deeply promote innovation in childcare and education practices."

How should kindergartens and primary schools be connected? Can off-campus training institutions conduct training for preschool children? After the implementation of the Preschool Education Law, these practical issues of great concern to the majority of parents and the public have been clearly answered: kindergartens shall not adopt primary school education methods and shall not teach courses in the primary school stage; off-campus training institutions and any other institutions shall not conduct half-day or full-day training for preschool children, and shall not teach preschool children courses in the primary school stage.

In terms of teacher employment management, the Preschool Education Law clarifies two types of prohibited employment situations: one is those with criminal records of abuse, sexual assault, sexual harassment, abduction, violent injury, drug abuse, gambling, etc., and the other is those with alcoholism, serious violations of teacher ethics, and other situations that may endanger the physical and mental safety of children. "The implementation of the Preschool Education Law reflects the legislative orientation of centering on preschool children and provides a solid legal guarantee for the healthy growth of children," said Wang Jingbo (王敬波), Vice President of the China Law Society Administrative Law Research Association (中国法学会行政法学研究会) and President of Heilongjiang University (黑龙江大学).

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Focus on the Rule of Law

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Facial recognition devices are prohibited in the private spaces of hotel rooms (Focus on the Rule of Law)

By: 本报记者 金 歆

Gated community access requires "face-scanning" to unlock; stores privately collect customer facial information for analyzing marketing strategies; illegally collected facial information is sold online for fraud and other crimes... While facial recognition technology facilitates people's lives, some resulting phenomena have also raised public concerns about personal information security.

In March of this year, the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) (国家网信办) and the Ministry of Public Security (公安部) jointly announced the "Measures for the Security Management of Applications of Facial Recognition Technology" (人脸识别技术应用安全管理办法) (hereinafter referred to as the "Measures"), which will be implemented on June 1st.

Previously, legal issues arising from "facial recognition" were mostly handled in accordance with relevant clauses such as "sensitive personal information" in the Personal Information Protection Law and "biometric identification information" in the Civil Code, as well as relevant judicial interpretations. "Laws and administrative regulations such as the Cybersecurity Law, the Data Security Law, the Personal Information Protection Law, and the Regulations on the Management of Cybersecurity Data have made principled provisions for the protection of personal information, but lack specific rules for the application of facial recognition technology," said He Bo (何波), Director of the Internet Legal Research Center of the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (中国信息通信研究院).

According to the relevant person in charge of the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) (国家网信办), the "Measures" stipulate the following processing rules for processing facial information using facial recognition technology: there should be a specific purpose and sufficient necessity, the method that has the least impact on individual rights and interests should be adopted, and strict protection measures should be implemented; the obligation to inform should be fulfilled; if facial information is processed based on individual consent, individual voluntary and explicit separate consent should be obtained on the premise of being fully informed; unless otherwise stipulated by laws and administrative regulations or with the separate consent of the individual, facial information should be stored in the facial recognition equipment and should not be transmitted to the outside world through the Internet; a personal information protection impact assessment should be conducted in advance, and the processing situation should be recorded.

Wang Zhicheng (王志成), Deputy Director of the Data and Technology Security Center of the Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC) (国家网信办), said that the "Measures" establish the principle of non-unique verification. Article 10 clearly stipulates that "if there are other non-facial recognition technology methods to achieve the same purpose or achieve the same business requirements, facial recognition technology shall not be used as the only verification method."

In response to the widespread social concern about the abuse of facial recognition technology in public places and private spaces, Article 13 of the "Measures" clearly stipulates that "the installation of facial recognition equipment in public places should be necessary for maintaining public safety, the facial information collection area should be reasonably determined in accordance with the law, and significant warning signs should be set up. No organization or individual may install facial recognition equipment inside private spaces in public places such as hotel rooms, public bathrooms, public changing rooms, and public restrooms."

In response to the problem of infringement of facial information rights and interests of some special groups, Article 5 of the "Measures" clearly stipulates that "the processing of facial information of persons with disabilities and the elderly shall also comply with the relevant national regulations on the construction of barrier-free environments," and Article 7 clearly requires that "the processing of facial information of minors under the age of fourteen based on individual consent shall obtain the consent of the minor's parents or other guardians."

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Expand opening-up, deepen exchange and cooperation

By: ​本报记者  王明峰

From May 25th to 29th, the 20th China Western International Expo (中国西部国际博览会), hosted by the People's Government of Sichuan Province (四川省人民政府) with the theme of "Deepening Reform to Increase Momentum, Expanding Opening-up to Promote Development," was held in Chengdu (成都市).

On May 25th, President Xi Jinping (习近平) sent a congratulatory letter to the 20th China Western International Expo, pointing out: "This Western China International Fair focuses on expanding high-level opening to the outside world, deepening regional exchanges and cooperation, and promoting the construction of a modern industrial system, which has an important role in promoting the construction of a new development pattern and high-quality joint construction of the 'Belt and Road' (一带一路), and also provides an effective platform for countries around the world to share the development opportunities in western China."

This year marks the 25th anniversary of the establishment of the Western China International Fair. The Western China International Fair has continuously promoted trade and investment and opening up to the outside world in the western region, becoming a bridge and link between the world and western China.

Walking into the International Cooperation Pavilion, 20 national pavilions are arranged in order, showing their respective cultural charms and development achievements. In the Laos (老挝) Pavilion, ancient tree tea and other products are very popular. "Through the Western China International Fair, we have reached cooperation intentions with more than a dozen Chinese companies." Ran Manjun (冉曼君), general manager of the Chinese region of Laos (老挝) Million Elephant Trading Co., Ltd. (百万象贸易有限公司), said that with the in-depth promotion of high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" (一带一路) and the opening of the China-Laos Railway (中老铁路), there will be more and more business opportunities. This Western China International Fair attracted more than 3,000 companies from 62 countries and regions to participate in the exhibition, including Bolivia (玻利维亚), Cuba (古巴), Nicaragua (尼加拉瓜) and other countries participating for the first time.

"The Western China International Fair has played a positive role in serving the construction of the 'Belt and Road' (一带一路), promoting the large-scale development of the western region in the new era, and helping the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing (成渝) dual-city economic circle." Fang Qing (方青), deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Bureau of Economic Cooperation (四川省经济合作局), introduced that the previous 19 Western China International Fairs have attracted more than 100 countries and regions to participate, with 68,000 companies and 580,000 participants, and more than 13,000 investment cooperation projects have been signed.

A number of first-launched and original technologies and products, such as the new generation of artificial sun "China Ring Current Three" (中国环流三号), were concentratedly unveiled at this Western China International Fair, fully demonstrating the strength of the high-end manufacturing industry and the potential of scientific and technological innovation in the western region. At present, of the 80 national-level advanced manufacturing clusters, 13 are located in western provinces.

The vibrant and thriving western region is increasingly becoming an important engine for China's economic growth and a hot spot for investment in innovation and entrepreneurship. During this Western China International Fair, all parties in the western region signed a total of 416 investment cooperation projects with domestic and foreign investors, with an investment amount of 354.3 billion yuan, of which 35 representative projects were centrally signed at the 13th China Western Investment Fair. Transnational Corporation Investment Sichuan Symposium (Italy Special Session), the 15th China Western International Purchasers Conference... A series of economic and trade matchmaking activities have pushed the exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and foreign enterprises to a broader stage.

"Hungary (匈牙利) and western China have broad cooperation space in culture, tourism, technology, catering and other fields." Baille (百里), Consul General of the Hungarian Consulate General in Chongqing (匈牙利驻重庆总领事馆), said that the Western China International Fair is expected to promote the implementation of more mutually beneficial and win-win bilateral cooperation projects.

"We hope to invite China and other trading partners to visit beautiful Vanuatu (瓦努阿图) through the Western China International Fair, expand exchanges and cooperation in trade, tourism and other fields, and achieve mutual benefit and win-win results." Vanuatu (瓦努阿图) Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Finance Kona Poe (科纳坡) believes that many countries and regions have established partnerships with western China through the Western China International Fair to achieve common prosperity.

"The successful holding of the Western China International Fair demonstrates China's determination to continuously deepen international economic and trade cooperation and further expand high-level opening to the outside world, and also provides an effective platform for countries around the world to share the development opportunities in western China," said Cao Daixue (曹代学), Deputy Secretary-General of the People's Government of Sichuan Province (四川省政府).

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Tell the Silk Road story well and spread the Silk Road spirit.

By: 阿尔达克  郑敖天

The fourth "Silk Road Friendship Ambassador" Awards Ceremony was held on May 28 in Kuqa City (库车市), Aksu Prefecture (阿克苏地区), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区). At the event, 11 "Silk Road Friendship Ambassadors" of this year, representatives of previous "Silk Road Friendship Ambassadors," and friends who care about the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative, sincerely shared touching stories about project construction, cultural exchange, and other aspects.

The stories include the protection of human civilization. UNESCO expert Andrei Chevelev has a deep friendship with China. His grandfather was a Soviet chemist who came to China to help build the pharmaceutical industry. After joining the United Nations, Chevelev actively promoted the inclusion of the "Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor" project in the World Heritage List, making the Silk Road a bridge for civilizational dialogue. In 2024, he was awarded the "Chinese Government Friendship Award." In the past two years, Xinjiang (新疆) has increased its efforts to "invite in" and "go out," with the aim of allowing more foreign friends to understand Xinjiang (新疆), get to know Xinjiang (新疆), and help jointly build the "Belt and Road" initiative.

The stories include the deepening of civilizational exchange. Spanish international law scholar Reyes Lee, with enthusiasm for the concept of a "community of human destiny," came to China and actively promoted Sino-foreign legal exchanges. Iraqi journalist Fang Haoming (方浩明) came to China with the ideal of promoting civilizational exchange and mutual learning, became a friendship ambassador for exchanges between Iraq and China, and conveyed the voice of cooperation in jointly building the "Belt and Road" initiative.

The stories include the sharing of development opportunities. Wendy Kasamby Kagendo from Kenya, under the guidance of a "Chinese master," became one of the first female locomotive drivers in Kenya, and later transferred to become a dispatcher, helping to ensure the safe operation of the Mombasa-Nairobi Railway. Tajik Asaf (塔吉耶夫·阿萨夫) from Azerbaijan once studied in China. After the "Belt and Road" initiative was proposed, as the Chinese representative of the Baku National Development Zone in the capital of Azerbaijan, he facilitated the landing of cooperation projects worth hundreds of millions of yuan.

The stories also include more joint efforts across mountains and seas. Mexican doctor José Anguiano introduced Chinese medical technology to benefit Mexican patients; Egyptian youth Liu Zhengxi (刘正曦) promoted Sino-Egyptian cultural exchanges, telling Chinese stories to more people; Cambodian scholar Xie Monile (谢莫尼勒) promoted Chinese education and founded the Cambodian-Chinese Relations Development Institute.

During the event, artists performed the award-winning work of the 14th China Dance "Lotus Award" ethnic folk dance, the dance "Grandpa's Samovar," and sang local folk songs "A Glass of Fine Wine" and "Unforgettable." The event also held the launch ceremony of the "Silk Road Relics: Ancient Kucha" tourism route, the launch ceremony of the Xinjiang (新疆) all-region self-driving tour service system construction, and the release of the results of the Yongku Cup "Meet Kucha" cultural and creative works collection.

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The 7th National Young Entrepreneurs Conference convened

This newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 29th (Reporter Yang Hao (杨昊)) The 7th National Young Entrepreneurs Conference was held in Hangzhou (杭州) from the 26th to the 28th. The conference focused on the theme of "Improving Quality with Innovation, Striving for the Future," sharing entrepreneurial and innovative experiences, building consensus on development, and guiding young entrepreneurs to make contributions to the construction of a modern industrial system and the advancement of Chinese-style modernization.

The conference pointed out that young entrepreneurs should cultivate deep feelings for the country and family, keep the "major affairs of the country" in mind, strengthen their confidence in development, earnestly shoulder the historical responsibility of strengthening the country through industry and enriching the people through industry, and strive to be pioneers in the construction of Chinese-style modernization; they should firmly move towards innovation, strengthen technological innovation, pay attention to innovation in development methods, promote management innovation, and continuously enhance the core competitiveness of enterprises, striving to be a vital force in innovative development; they should adhere to the simultaneous pursuit of economic and social value, actively undertake social responsibilities while running their businesses well, and strive to be leaders in inheriting and promoting the spirit of entrepreneurship.

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Contribute wisdom and talent to achieve scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening

By: 本报记者

To advance Chinese-style modernization, science and technology must lead the way, and technological innovation is the only path. The way to innovate lies in finding the right people.

"To achieve high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology in our country, the fundamental solution lies in high-level innovative talents."

"Scientific researchers are the backbone of promoting Chinese-style modernization. They must show the spirit of 'how many chances does one have in life to strive' and unleash their creativity to contribute their talents and write brilliant chapters for building a strong country in science and technology."

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Bearing in mind the earnest entrustment of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), the vast number of scientific and technological workers consciously fulfill the mission of accelerating the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology, moving towards "newness" with the drive of "seizing every minute" and the tenacity of "long-term commitment," and striving towards the goal of becoming a strong country in science and technology.

"Enterprises must continuously achieve breakthroughs in core technologies"

Technological innovation can spawn new industries, new models, and new momentum, and is the core element for developing new quality productive forces.

Inside the intelligent production workshop of Luoyang Bearing Group Co., Ltd. (洛阳轴承集团股份有限公司), 20 white-painted CNC vertical machine tools are lined up in a row. Standing next to machine tool No. 13, technical engineer Yang Fuyun (杨福云) and his colleagues are carrying out the final assault on the production of a new type of bearing.

This intelligent factory, built in October last year, has 12 processing islands and 20 CNC lathes, with a high degree of automation in the production process. Thanks to intelligent upgrades, robotic arms, logistics AGV trolleys, and other "digital co-workers" work together to complete the production and assembly of batches of high-precision bearing products here.

On May 19 this year, when General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) inspected Luoyang Bearing Group Co., Ltd. (洛阳轴承集团股份有限公司), he pointed out: "Modern manufacturing is inseparable from the empowerment of science and technology. We must vigorously strengthen technological breakthroughs and follow the path of independent innovation."

The General Secretary's instructions made Yang Fuyun (杨福云) and his colleagues feel a great sense of responsibility. "Young people must 'specialize in tackling' tough technological problems. Now we are conducting a comprehensive process optimization of the intelligent factory to further improve the processing efficiency and capacity of the intelligent production line."

Relying on the empowerment of science and technology, Luoyang Bearing Group (洛轴集团) is constantly expanding new application scenarios for intelligence, improving the efficiency of all factors of production, and promoting the accelerated transformation and upgrading of traditional industries.

"Core technologies with independent intellectual property rights are the 'lifeblood' of enterprises. Enterprises must continuously achieve breakthroughs in core technologies, master more key technologies with independent intellectual property rights, and control the dominant power of industrial development."

In April 2018, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) visited Fiberhome Technologies Group (烽火科技集团) for research. Yang Zhiyong (杨志勇), Chairman of Wuhan Binary Semiconductor Co., Ltd. (武汉二进制半导体有限公司), a subsidiary of China Information Communication Technologies Group (中国信科集团) Fiberhome Communication (烽火通信), listened to the important speech on the spot and kept it in mind.

The earnest entrustment has been transformed into a powerful driving force.

Three years ago, the heavy responsibility of tackling the domestically produced high-end automotive-grade MCU chip fell on Yang Zhiyong (杨志勇) and his team.

Without a ready-made path, they can only rely on themselves to forge a path.

From scheme selection to various process parameters and architecture design, to functional verification and repeated debugging... After experiencing "3 years and 3 versions" of modification and iteration, the research and development progress of the joint innovation team has been constantly "refreshed." "We must break through the 'bottleneck' problem and strive to let new energy vehicles use 'Chinese chips' as soon as possible," said Yang Zhiyong (杨志勇).

Today, in the fields of information industry, major equipment, and new materials, there are innovative creations of enterprises striving for self-reliance and self-strengthening everywhere.

In April, the world's largest span three-tower cable-stayed bridge, the Chao (Hu) Ma (Anshan) Railway Ma'anshan Yangtze River (巢（湖）马（鞍山）铁路马鞍山长江) Highway-Railway Bridge, was officially closed. This is the first engineering application of the 2100 MPa strength cable technology led by Liuzhou OVM Machinery Co., Ltd. (柳州欧维姆机械股份有限公司);

In May, TISCO (太钢集团) launched two new "hand-tear steel" products, filling the industry gap and solving China's problems in superconducting and flexible display materials;

In Chengdu (成都), the process equipment for BOE's (京东方) 8.6th generation AMOLED (Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode) production line project officially started on May 20, four months ahead of the original plan, setting a new global record for the construction efficiency of the same generation production line;

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Vigorously strengthening technological breakthroughs, following the path of independent innovation, and accelerating the cultivation and growth of new quality productive forces, scientific and technological workers are exerting efforts towards "newness," and enterprises have resilience, confidence, and strength.

"Basic research is the source of technological innovation"

Only through continuous innovation can the Chinese nation move towards a better future.

In May 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to the China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (中国电科) Institute of Industrial Technology Foundation for inspection and research. This is an important high-end core electronic device supply base and a semiconductor new device and new technology innovation base in China.

"We must aim at the country's strategic needs, systematically deploy key innovation resources, give full play to the advantages of deep integration of industry, academia, and research, and continuously achieve new breakthroughs in key core technologies."

"The General Secretary's words encourage us to continue to adhere to self-reliance and self-strengthening, and contribute to accelerating the tackling of key core technologies," said Chen Nanting (陈南庭), captain of the Chiplet Integration Youth Commando Team of the institute.

The Chiplet Integration Youth Commando Team, where Chen Nanting (陈南庭) is located, is a young team with an average age of 32. They focus on millimeter-wave chips and strive to overcome the core technology of microwave heterogeneous integration.

Innovating the research and development model, achieving a 40% reduction in the research and development cycle, and achieving a series of breakthroughs in the field of millimeter-wave single-chip beamforming chips... "We use the iterative strategy of 'small steps and fast running' to make the rhythm of research and development to production faster and faster," said Chen Nanting (陈南庭).

At present, the high-end chips and other products developed by the team have created a cumulative output value of hundreds of millions of yuan, supporting the aviation, aerospace, and other major fields to achieve quality improvement and efficiency enhancement, and injecting strong momentum into high-quality development.

The starry sky is infinitely vast, and exploration never ends. In 2022, the Space Station Construction Youth Team of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中国航天科技集团) wrote a letter to General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), reporting on the progress of promoting the development of aerospace technology.

Soon after, they received a reply, in which the General Secretary encouraged everyone to "dare to innovate and break through, shine with youthful brilliance on the journey of pursuing dreams in space, and make new contributions to achieving high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in China's aerospace technology."

The paper is short, but the hope is infinite.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the space station, team members often repeatedly discuss and iterate around an index parameter, an instruction arrangement, or even a verbal command report.

"Everyone has a sense of responsibility that they can't let go of at all times, and an execution ability that they can't let go of in everything. We are willing to use our struggle and blood to forge the Chinese people's Tiangong dream," said Shang Shuai (商帅), a member of the Space Station Construction Youth Team of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中国航天科技集团).

"Basic research is the source of technological innovation."

Accelerating the construction of first-class universities and first-class disciplines, and continuously strengthening basic research, Nankai University (南开大学) has applied many achievements to major and urgently needed fields such as Wentian Experimental Module (问天实验舱), pan-terminal chips, and power batteries;

Adhering to aiming at the forefront of world science and technology, the Spin Magnetic Resonance Laboratory of the University of Science and Technology of China (中国科学技术大学) has achieved a number of global firsts, providing solid support for quantum applications;

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Adhering to facing the forefront of world science and technology, facing the main economic battlefield, facing the country's major needs, and facing the people's life and health, we will accelerate the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology. Innovation and creativity are surging across the land of China, and the vast number of scientific researchers are striving to write innovative answers.

"Encourage young people to innovate boldly and be brave in innovation, so that young talents can emerge like springs"

Innovation is the source of human progress, and youth is an important force for innovation.

Located in Suzhou Industrial Park (苏州工业园区), Suzhou HYC Technology Co., Ltd. (苏州华兴源创科技股份有限公司), R&D engineer Dong Yaming (董亚明) and his colleagues are developing a brand-new test board, "This board will be applied to artificial intelligence chip testing, and we have overcome technical difficulties such as high current dynamic response, heat dissipation, and voltage accuracy."

In July 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) walked into this industrial testing equipment company, and he was very pleased to see the young faces next to the cutting-edge instruments and equipment.

"The General Secretary encouraged us that 'the country must achieve self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology, and you are born at the right time, which is the time to show your skills, and you must seize historical opportunities'," Dong Yaming (董亚明) vividly remembers the scene at that time.

Dong Yaming's (董亚明) "Mount Everest Business Unit" is mainly composed of young people. They aim at the highest level of technical parameters and solve key problems from the source. "I am writing the code for the underlying firmware and debugging the parameters. Only by 'running' them can we promote our technical level step by step," said Dong Yaming (董亚明).

The way out for the country lies in innovation, and the future of innovation lies in youth. "Encourage young people to innovate boldly and be brave in innovation, so that young talents can emerge like springs."

The average age of the core members of the Beidou satellite team (北斗卫星团队) is 36; more than half of the members of the DeepSeek team are born after 1995, and those born after 1990 account for more than 75%...

They take on the main responsibility, shoulder heavy burdens, and play the leading role, showing their talents and "breaking the circle" on the stage of building a strong country in science and technology.

In Gusheng Village (古生村), Dali (大理), Yunnan (云南), Jin Kemo (金可默), the head of the Science and Technology Small Courtyard and a young teacher at China Agricultural University (中国农业大学), led his students to work in the fields, "Rice has been transplanted, fresh corn has also begun to bear ears, and vegetables must be planted all year round. Now is the most lively time."

In Dali (大理), there are more than 120 resident teachers and students in 18 Science and Technology Small Courtyards. The "Small Courtyard Youth" solve people's livelihood and study in the service of rural revitalization. "We keep in mind the General Secretary's entrustment to 'closely integrate classroom learning with rural practice' and transform scientific and technological achievements into field technology," said Jin Kemo (金可默).

In the 2024 China International College Students' Innovation Competition, the entry "Nezha - the world's first 'sea-air integrated' cross-domain vehicle platform" led by Lv Chenxin (吕晨昕), a 2022 doctoral student from the School of Oceanography of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学), won the championship.

"The General Secretary emphasized in his reply to the student representatives participating in the competition that 'increasing skills and growing talents in innovative practice' has strengthened our confidence in innovation and entrepreneurship." After the competition, Lv Chenxin (吕晨昕) and his partners established the "Ether Geek Center" and achieved a number of results in the fields of statically unstable aircraft control algorithms and small liquid rocket engine systems.

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"Artificial intelligence is a young cause and also a cause for young people. We are comprehensively promoting the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, which is a good time for the younger generation to show their talents and make great achievements." On April 29, 2025, during a survey of the "Model Speed Space" large model innovation ecological community in Shanghai (上海), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) encouraged the young scientific and technological innovation talents present.

After listening to the General Secretary's speech on the spot, Peng Bo (彭博), a doctoral student at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学), became more determined in his academic aspirations. "I will devote myself to scientific research with more high-spirited fighting spirit, strive for self-reliance and self-strengthening, and contribute my strength to promoting the development of artificial intelligence in our country."

"Scientific achievements cannot be separated from spiritual support"

In the Westward Relocation Museum of Xi'an Jiaotong University (西安交通大学), a red old train ticket carries a passionate and burning era.

This is the train ticket for the Jiaotong University (交大) people's westward relocation special train in 1956, with a sentence printed on it - march towards science and build the Great Northwest.

"Go to the Great Northwest! Go to the place where the motherland needs it most!"

The oath is unrepentant. For more than 60 years, the "Westward Relocation Spirit" has gathered generations of westward relocation scientific and technological workers, who have written scientific research results on the land of Shaanxi (三秦大地) with their youth and sweat.

On April 22, 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) walked into the Westward Relocation Museum of Jiaotong University (交大西迁博物馆), cordially met with 14 old professors who had relocated westward, and encouraged the vast number of teachers and students to vigorously promote the "Westward Relocation Spirit," seize the new opportunities of the new era, make contributions in the places where the motherland needs them most, and create historical achievements belonging to our generation on the new journey.

Responding to the call, a year later, Wu Ge (吴戈), carrying the enthusiasm for the country's science and technology cause, returned from studying abroad and unswervingly rushed to the Great Northwest, rooted in Xi'an Jiaotong University (西安交通大学), and engaged in the research and development of ultra-strong and tough alloys. At the beginning of this year, Wu Ge's (吴戈) team published a paper in the top international journal "Science," successfully designing an ultra-strong and tough alloy with both ultra-high strength and excellent elongation, injecting new vitality into the research and development of advanced structural materials in China.

"Scientific achievements cannot be separated from spiritual support. The spirit of scientists is a valuable spiritual wealth accumulated by scientific and technological workers in long-term scientific practice." From the "Westward Relocation Spirit" to the "Two Bombs and One Satellite" spirit (两弹一星 - (liǎng dàn yī xīng - "two bombs, one satellite," refers to the atomic bomb, hydrogen bomb, and artificial satellite programs of China)), from the manned spaceflight spirit to the lunar exploration spirit... The spirit of scientists praised by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) is a valuable spiritual wealth left by generations of scientists who are concerned about the motherland and the people on the journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Before the Spring Festival in 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) went to Guizhou (贵州) for inspection and cordially met with the person in charge and scientific research backbone of the "China Sky Eye" project, and listened to relevant information. The General Secretary also inspected the "China Sky Eye" site through video and connected with representatives of scientific and technological workers in the general control room.

"I hope that everyone will take Comrade Nan Rendong (南仁东) as an example, promote the spirit of scientists, bravely climb the peak of world science and technology, accelerate the transformation from following to running alongside and leading, maintain leading advantages in some fields, and make greater contributions to building a strong country in science and technology and achieving self-reliance and self-strengthening in science and technology."

The affectionate message is both encouragement and spur.

"The General Secretary's encouragement made me feel a heavy responsibility on my shoulders," said Sun Chun (孙纯), a measurement and control engineer at "China Sky Eye."

Responsible for the formulation of observation tasks, Sun Chun (孙纯) needs to select the ones that meet the conditions from thousands of stars to be observed every day and reasonably arrange the observation time. "This is related to the efficient operation of 'China Sky Eye,' which requires meticulousness and stability. If it doesn't run well, how can I be worthy of the country!"

The more scientific research climbs upward, the more it needs the leading inspiration of the spirit of scientists.

After more than 150,000 experiments and continuously breaking world records, the Youth Innovation Pioneer Team of High Magnetic Field Technology of the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院) has run out of the "China speed" of high magnetic field technology development;

After encountering 217 failures in a row, the New Generation Explosives Youth Innovation Team of Nanjing University of Science and Technology (南京理工大学) took the lead in synthesizing high-energy pentazolate anions that are stable at room temperature, overcoming the problems that have plagued the global explosives field;

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"Practice has proved that China's independent innovation cause has great potential, and China's vast number of scientific and technological workers have great potential." General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) encouragement always inspires people to forge ahead.

"How many chances does one have in life to strive" (人生能有几回搏) (rén shēng néng yǒu jǐ huí bó - "life can have several struggles," emphasizes the importance of seizing opportunities and giving one's all in pursuit of goals). "Unleash your creativity" (放开手脚创新创造) (fàng kāi shǒu jiǎo chuàng xīn chuàng zào - "unleash hands and feet to innovate and create," encourages bold and uninhibited innovation).

On the new journey of Chinese-style modernization, batches of scientific and technological workers shoulder historical responsibilities, unswervingly follow the path of independent innovation, strive to overcome key core technologies, write papers on the land of the motherland, and continuously pour their efforts and sweat into the places where the country and the people need them most.

(Reported by Wu Yuehui (吴月辉), Yu Sinan (喻思南), Liu Shiyao (刘诗瑶), Gu Yekai (谷业凯), Fan Haotian (范昊天), Bi Jingjin (毕京津), Zhang Danhua (张丹华), reporters from this newspaper)

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Editors of this page: Ji Jianming, Zhao Xiaoxi, Li Kaixuan

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Comprehensively and Accurately Understand the Theoretical Contributions and Practical Value of the New Development Philosophy (In-depth Study and Implementation of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era: A Comprehensive Discussion on Original and Iconic Concepts)

By: 冯继康

The concept is the guide for action, and a certain development practice is led by a certain development concept. At the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), with the profound insight, keen judgment, and theoretical creativity of a Marxist politician, thinker, and strategist, creatively proposed the new development concepts of innovation, coordination, green development, openness, and sharing. During the National People's Congress in 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized "It is necessary to fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, coordinate domestic and international affairs, focus on urban-rural integration and regional linkage, optimize the layout of productive forces, and strive to promote high-quality development." As the most important and main content of Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought, the new development concept is formed on the basis of deeply summarizing domestic and foreign development experiences and lessons, deeply analyzing the domestic and foreign development trends, and is also proposed in response to the prominent contradictions and problems in China's development and on the basis of scientifically summarizing the practical experience of economic development with Chinese characteristics in the new era. It has strong originality and identification.

Engels pointed out: "Every new idea put forward by a science contains a revolution in the terminology of that science." The new development concept profoundly embodies the "terminology revolution" of the original and iconic concepts in Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought, marking that our party's understanding of the laws of socialist construction has reached a new height. A comprehensive and accurate understanding of the theoretical contribution and practical value of the new development concept is of great significance for promoting higher quality, more efficient, fairer, more sustainable, and safer development.

The New Development Concept is the Most Important and Main Content of Xi Jinping's (习近平) Economic Thought

Lenin pointed out: "To truly understand a thing, it is necessary to grasp and study clearly all its aspects, all its connections, and 'intermediaries'." To study the Party's innovative theories, we must be familiar with all its aspects, all its connections, and its key points, so that we can truly achieve comprehensiveness, systematicness, accuracy, and depth, and then use it to guide our work and solve problems.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, facing the severe and complex international environment and the arduous and heavy tasks of domestic reform, development, and stability, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has adhered to observing the general trend, planning the overall situation, and doing practical work, comprehensively strengthening the Party's strategic planning and unified leadership over economic work, and continuously deepening the understanding of the laws of economic work, proposing a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies, leading China's economic development to achieve historic achievements and undergo historic changes, and forming Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought. Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought is complete in system, rich in content, broad and profound, and constantly developing in practice. Among them, the new development concept is the most important and main content.

The attributes of the new development concept and its important role in practice determine its important position in Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought. Development is the foundation and key to solving all problems in China. The development concept has strong strategic, programmatic, and guiding significance, fundamentally determining the effectiveness and even the success or failure of development. As early as 2015, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) profoundly pointed out that in the face of new trends, new opportunities, new contradictions, and new challenges in economic and social development, "we must establish a new development concept and use the new development concept to guide development actions." In 2016, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), while presiding over the 30th collective study of the Political Bureau of the 18th CPC Central Committee, vividly explained the important role of the new development concept, pointing out that "the new development concept is the command stick and the traffic light." The "command stick" is to clarify the future development direction of China's economy and society, scientifically allocate social resources, and guide the coordinated development of various fields; the "traffic light" is to clearly define what can and cannot be done in economic and social development, escort high-quality development, and ensure that the development process is steady and in the right direction. The Central Economic Work Conference in 2017 proposed: "In the past five years, we have adhered to observing the general trend, planning the overall situation, and doing practical work, successfully managed the overall situation of China's economic development, and formed Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought with the new development concept as the main content in practice," further clarifying the important position of the new development concept in Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought. In 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) clearly pointed out at the seminar for leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels to study and implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee: "Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have put forward many major theories and concepts for economic and social development, among which the new development concept is the most important and main."

The new development concept clarifies the guiding principles for China's economic development in the new era and embodies the essence of Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "The new development concept is a systematic theoretical system that answers a series of theoretical and practical questions about the purpose, driving force, mode, and path of development, and clarifies our Party's major political issues such as political stance, value orientation, development model, and development path. The whole Party must fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept." Specifically, the new development concepts of innovation, coordination, green development, openness, and sharing are the concentrated embodiment of our development ideas, development directions, and development focuses. Among them, innovative development focuses on solving the problem of development动力 (dòng lì - "driving force," the impetus behind development), which can stimulate economic vitality and lay a solid material foundation for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the nation with Chinese-style modernization; coordinated development focuses on solving the problem of unbalanced development, which can make up for shortcomings, narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, and promote the formation of a prosperous and comprehensive development situation in various regions and fields; green development focuses on solving the problem of harmony between man and nature, which can protect our beautiful homeland and achieve the sustainable development of the Chinese nation; open development focuses on solving the problem of internal and external linkage of development, which can broaden the global vision and expand the space for development in win-win cooperation; shared development focuses on solving the problem of social fairness and justice, which can continuously meet the people's needs for a better life and promote the realization of common prosperity for all. These five development concepts guide the practice of economic and social development from different aspects, solve the problems of economic and social development, and scientifically answer the major questions of our country's "development for whom, how to develop, and what kind of development to achieve" in the new era, which is a full embodiment of the essence of Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought.

The New Development Concept is a Major Innovation in the Sinicization of Marxism in the New Era

Marx pointed out: "People make their own history, but they do not make it just as they please; they do not make it under circumstances chosen by themselves, but under circumstances directly encountered, given and transmitted from the past." Marxism is our fundamental guiding ideology for building the Party and the country. The new development concept not only inherits the core viewpoints of Marxism-related thoughts, but also creatively transforms and innovatively develops the relevant ideological essence in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and critically draws on Western economics, realizing a major innovation in the Sinicization of Marxism in the new era.

The new development concept is the specific application of the basic principles of Marxism in China, demonstrating the theoretical quality of Marxism to advance with the times, and opening up new growth points of Marxism in practical exploration. At the same time, the new development concept is proposed in response to the new development situation facing China and to solve the outstanding problems existing in China's economic and social development, promoting Marxism to a new level of development in contemporary China.

Specifically, the concept of innovative development emphasizes that grasping innovation is grasping development and planning innovation is planning the future, insisting on placing innovation in the core position of the overall modernization construction, and promoting the development momentum from factor-driven to innovation-driven. This important concept is an innovative development of Marx's view that science and technology are a driving force and a revolutionary force. It not only enriches the systematic elements of Marx's thought on the driving force of social development, but also realizes the leap from historical experience summary to future strategic layout, vividly demonstrating the era vitality and practical creativity of Marx's thought on the driving force of social development. The concept of coordinated development advocates correctly handling the relationship between urban and rural areas, between material civilization and spiritual civilization, and between economic construction and national defense construction, promoting the benign interaction and coordinated development of various fields of society, and proposing an important methodology for solving the problem of unbalanced development. This important concept enriches and develops Marx's theory of social organism, breaks the path dependence on a single development momentum, emphasizes cultivating multiple growth poles of economic and social development with systematic thinking, solves the problem of unbalanced development from the dimensions of integrity, balance, and coordination, and promotes social coordinated development to a new height. The concept of green development contains a series of scientific connotations such as "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" and "green development is the background color of high-quality development," finding a balance between economic development and ecological environmental protection, mobilizing the power of the whole society to promote ecological civilization construction, and jointly building a beautiful China. This important concept enriches and develops Marx's thought on the relationship between man and nature. Through the exploration from theoretical innovation to practical path, it guides us to embark on a civilized development path of production development, affluent life, and good ecology, so that the people can share the beauty of nature, the beauty of life, and the beauty of life in lucid waters and lush mountains. The concept of open development emphasizes the important position of opening up to the outside world, requiring active integration into the world economic system, participation in global economic governance, continuous expansion of cooperation with countries around the world, implementation of a wider range, wider field, and deeper level of opening up to the outside world, construction of a higher level of open economy, and working together with the people of all countries to build a community with a shared future for mankind and build a better world. This important concept enriches and develops Marx's thought on world history, transcends the existing national view, deepens the understanding of the community with a shared future for mankind, and contributes wisdom and strength to promoting human peace and common prosperity. The concept of shared development advocates taking the enhancement of people's well-being as the fundamental purpose of development, and taking universal sharing, comprehensive sharing, co-construction and sharing, and gradual sharing as important measures to achieve social fairness and justice, responding to the people's new needs for a better life in an all-round way, and allowing the free and all-round development of people to move from theoretical assumptions to perceptible reality. This important concept enriches and develops Marx's thought on social construction, and transforms it from a "weapon of criticism" of revolutionary theory into a "practical tool" of construction theory with operable justice, participatory development, and a shareable future, promoting the realization of common prosperity for all people to move forward continuously.

General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "The broad and profound Chinese excellent traditional culture is the foundation for us to stand firm in the world cultural turbulence." With a profound historical vision, the new development concept creatively transforms and innovatively develops the ideological essence of "renovating the old and establishing the new" (革故鼎新 - "remove the old, institute the new," to reform and innovate), "harmony is the most valuable" (贵和尚中 - "value harmony, esteem moderation," emphasizes balance and harmony), "harmony between man and nature" (天人合一 - "heaven and man in one," the belief in the unity of humanity and nature), "harmonious coexistence of all nations" (协和万邦 - "harmonize all nations," promoting peaceful relations between countries), and "the world is one community" (天下大同 - "the world as one community," the utopian ideal of universal harmony and equality) in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, injecting cultural power into the new development concept.

Specifically, the concept of innovative development inherits and develops the innovative thinking of "Although Zhou is an old country, its mandate is new" (周虽旧邦，其命维新 - "Though Zhou is an old country, its mandate is ever new," even an old state can be revitalized through reform) and "renovating the old and establishing the new" (革故鼎新 - "remove the old, institute the new," to reform and innovate) in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, constructing a comprehensive innovation with technological innovation as the core, covering theory, practice, system, culture, etc. At the practical level, it requires continuing to do a good job in the big article of innovation, which includes not only innovation at the level of technology and business models, but also innovation at the level of management and system, promoting the accelerated development of new quality productive forces, improving total factor productivity, and promoting the quality change, efficiency change, and power change of economic development. The concept of coordinated development inherits and develops the philosophical wisdom of "achieving moderation and harmony, heaven and earth are in their proper positions, and all things are nurtured" (致中和，天地位焉，万物育焉 - "achieving moderation and harmony, heaven and earth are in their proper positions, and all things are nurtured," achieving balance and harmony leads to proper order and flourishing) in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, constructing a comprehensive and harmonious development pattern of high efficiency, full elements, and multiple fields with systematic thinking, constructing a coordination mechanism that coordinates urban and rural areas, regions, economy and society, material and spiritual aspects, etc., and promoting the overall leap of all links and fields of economic and social development in dynamic balance. The concept of green development transforms the ecological concept of "harmony between man and nature" (天人合一 - "heaven and man in one," the belief in the unity of humanity and nature) and "following the laws of nature" (道法自然 - "Dao follows nature," acting in accordance with natural principles) in the excellent traditional Chinese culture into the scientific conclusion that "protecting the ecological environment is protecting productivity, and improving the ecological environment is developing productivity," which not only inherits the value core of Chinese civilization of respecting nature and conforming to nature, but also endows ecological protection with economic value and development momentum, realizing the organic unity of ecological ethics and modern development concept. The concept of open development sublimates the open and inclusive spirit of "harmonious coexistence of all nations" (协和万邦 - "harmonize all nations," promoting peaceful relations between countries) and "all rivers run into the sea" (海纳百川 - "all rivers run into the sea," all-embracing), and takes the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" as a link to transform the open experience of the ancient Silk Road into a practical plan for building a community with a shared future for mankind, actively breaking down regional barriers and development barriers, promoting different civilizations to eliminate misunderstandings and achieve common prosperity in exchanges and mutual learning, breaking through development bottlenecks in collaborative innovation, injecting new momentum into world economic recovery, and providing Chinese solutions to solving global governance problems. The concept of shared development inherits and develops the important values such as "the world is one community" (天下大同 - "the world as one community," the utopian ideal of universal harmony and equality) in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, which not only abandons the historical limitations of egalitarianism, but also breaks through the binary opposition between efficiency and fairness, and turns the "Datong" ideal of "the old are supported, the strong are employed, the young are raised, and the widowed, lonely, orphaned, and disabled are all supported" (老有所终，壮有所用，幼有所长，矜、寡、孤、独、废疾者皆有所养 - "the old are supported, the strong are employed, the young are raised, and the widowed, lonely, orphaned, and disabled are all supported," a description of a harmonious and well-cared-for society) into a tangible and perceptible reality by improving the income distribution mechanism and weaving a dense network of people's livelihood security, effectively enhancing people's well-being and providing lasting impetus and reliable guarantee for realizing the all-round development of people and the all-round progress of society.

The New Development Concept Provides Ideological Guidance for Promoting High-Quality Development

The new development concept embodies our Party's scientific grasp of the laws of economic and social development in the new era, fundamentally transcends the Western development logic centered on capital, breaks the myth of "modernization = Westernization," provides ideological guidance for promoting China's high-quality development, and contributes Chinese solutions to solving world development problems.

The Western development theory system formed after World War II packaged a single modernization path into a "universal solution" and exported it to the world. However, many developing countries that transplanted this theoretical system not only failed to knock on the door of prosperity and development, but instead fell into a predicament intertwined with economic dependence, social differentiation, and ecological crisis. Especially in the financial field, a series of problems such as 脱实向虚 (tuō shí xiàng xū - "detaching from the real economy," the tendency for capital to flow away from productive activities into speculative ventures), widening wealth gap, and increasing financial risks have emerged. Analyzing the internal logic behind Western development theory reveals that its essential pursuit is capital appreciation. This development theory unilaterally simplifies modernization into a process of capital accumulation, condones the continuous expansion of the wealth gap, the continuous overdraft of the ecosystem, and even creates geopolitical conflicts for capital expansion, exposing the fundamental contradiction between the profit-seeking nature of capital and the long-term well-being of mankind.

Different from the Western development theory's one-sided pursuit of capital accumulation, neglect of social fairness, and disregard of ecological costs, the new development concept transcends the Western development theory with its unique value core and practical path. The new development concept is rooted in the fertile soil of socialism with Chinese characteristics, anchors the development goal on enhancing people's well-being and realizing common prosperity for all, and coordinates the relationship between development and security, efficiency and fairness, and man and nature with systematic thinking, promoting the all-round development of people, the all-round progress of society, and the sustainable development of ecology while promoting high-quality development. For example, in the financial field, the new development concept emphasizes serving the real economy, preventing the risk of 脱实向虚 (tuō shí xiàng xū - "detaching from the real economy," the tendency for capital to flow away from productive activities into speculative ventures), and building an inclusive financial system, which is in sharp contrast with the Western theory of allowing capital to expand disorderly and exacerbating the wealth gap; for another example, compared with the hegemonic logic of Western capitalism exporting a single modernization path, the new development concept advocates fully respecting the historical and cultural traditions, the current development stage, and the unique development demands of countries around the world, emphasizing that every country has the right to choose a suitable development path according to its own national conditions; and so on. Because of this, the new development concept not only solves the inherent dilemma of Western development theory and opens up a new path of modernization with both Chinese characteristics and world significance, providing Chinese solutions for the reconstruction of global development theory; but also breaks the long-term discourse monopoly of Western development theory by advocating diversified and independent modernization exploration, injecting new vitality into global development theory, and opening up broader prospects for the diversified development of human civilization and global sustainable development.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Adhering to the new development philosophy is a profound transformation concerning the overall situation of our country's development." Under the guidance of the new development philosophy, China's high-quality development has been steadily advanced. The total economic volume exceeded 110 trillion yuan and 120 trillion yuan in 2021 and 2022 respectively, and further exceeded 130 trillion yuan in 2024, firmly ranking as the world's second-largest economy. China actively implements the innovation-driven development strategy. By strengthening basic research, tackling key core technologies, promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and cultivating and strengthening emerging industries, innovation has become the primary driving force, promoting the economy to accelerate from a "follower" to a "leader," and continuously shaping new momentum and new advantages for development in global competition. Focusing on solving the problem of unbalanced development, we are comprehensively promoting coordinated regional and urban-rural development, promoting the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (长江经济带), the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区), the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta (长三角), and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin (黄河流域), and other major regional strategies are being steadily implemented. Relying on the orderly transfer of industries, the interconnection of infrastructure, and the joint construction and sharing of basic public services, coordination has become an inherent characteristic, promoting the optimal allocation of production factors across regions, and promoting the formation of a regional economic layout with complementary advantages and high-quality development. Adhering to the principles of prioritizing conservation, protection, and natural restoration, we are unswervingly following the path of civilized development featuring production development, affluent living, and sound ecology. We are continuously exerting efforts in green and low-carbon fields such as the photovoltaic industry and new energy vehicles, accelerating the ultra-low emission transformation of high-energy-consuming industries such as steel and chemicals, making green a universal form, and striving to achieve a virtuous cycle of ecological environment improvement and economic growth. Adhering to the basic national policy of opening up to the outside world, we are implementing a more proactive opening-up strategy. By promoting the high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" (一带一路), promoting the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment, building a high-standard free trade zone network facing the world, constructing free trade pilot zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港), and steadily expanding institutional opening-up, opening up has become a necessary path. We seek our own development while firmly safeguarding world peace and development, and in turn, better safeguard world peace and development with our own development, and are committed to promoting the construction of a human community with a shared future. We deeply implement the people-centered development thought, adhere to the development for the people, development relying on the people, and development results shared by the people, and continuously exert efforts in ensuring that children are cared for, people have access to education, people have jobs, people have access to medical care, the elderly are provided for, people have housing, and the vulnerable are supported, making sharing a fundamental purpose, and people's lives are comprehensively improved. These five development concepts are interconnected, mutually reinforcing, and form an organic whole with inherent connections, synergistically promoting China's high-quality development to move steadily and far.

(The author is a specially-invited researcher at the Shandong Provincial Research Center for Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.)

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Effectively Leverage Limited Resources in Grassroots Work (Thoughts and Perspectives)

By: 吴 城

General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "In any work, we must talk about both dialectical and key-point approaches. Without priorities and distinctions, trying to handle everything at once will not lead to good work." When a reporter visited the southern Jiangxi (赣南) mountainous area, they saw village officials using bamboo pipes to draw mountain spring water to solve the problem of water shortage during the dry season, and using bamboo strips to weave fences to protect newly planted seedlings. These seemingly ordinary "local methods" make people truly feel the wisdom of grassroots governance. Based on local realities, grasping the key points, making good use of ingenuity, and adapting to local conditions can often achieve great results with small efforts and solve the urgent needs and concerns of the masses.

　　Grassroots work is complex and multifaceted. To skillfully use ingenuity to achieve 四两拨千斤 (sì liǎng bō qiān jīn - "four ounces deflect a thousand pounds," to use minimal force to achieve maximum effect), it is first necessary to hit the nail on the head, find the fulcrum, and be good at grasping the "bull's nose" to open up a new situation in the work. In the 1980s, when Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) was the Party Secretary of Zhengding County (正定县) in Hebei (河北), he grasped the characteristics of Zhengding (正定)'s geographical location as a suburban area of the provincial capital and its non-urban-suburban system in terms of administration. After in-depth research, he proposed a "semi-suburban" economic development path, which changed the economic and social development of Zhengding (正定) and made the people's grain bags and money bags bulge day by day. At present, the task of promoting high-quality development is very arduous, and the specific path suitable for local development is the "bull's nose" to achieve breakthroughs. It is necessary to accurately analyze local advantages, tap into characteristic resources, and find the most potential industrial direction, and not blindly follow the trend. Only by accurately grasping the key points and focal points can we achieve overall development by focusing on key breakthroughs.

　　Borrowing momentum and strength can achieve twice the result with half the effort. Borrowing momentum means conforming to the trend of the times, conforming to the general trend of national reform and development, and conforming to the development trend of new technologies and new business forms. In recent years, many places have used e-commerce platforms to broaden the sales channels of agricultural products, and have built e-commerce service points in villages and townships, so that farmers can connect more smoothly with sales and logistics channels, and farmers no longer have to worry about the sales of agricultural products; some places have conformed to the cultural tourism boom, cleverly integrating local intangible cultural heritage art, characteristic New Year customs and other local cultures and folk customs to develop cultural tourism products, attracting tourists to come and check in, which not only protects and promotes excellent traditional culture, but also injects vitality into local economic development. Those who observe the situation are wise, and those who control the situation win. Grassroots cadres should learn to observe and control the situation, always have the "big picture of the country" in mind, carry out work closely around the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, and at the same time have a clear understanding of the actual situation of the local area, find the local development direction in the national development strategy, and use policy support, social forces, etc. to gather development synergy.

　　Borrowing strength means gathering the strength of the people. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "One of the guiding ideologies of the Communist Party in doing things is to respect the pioneering spirit of the masses. The masses are the real heroes." The people contain rich wisdom and infinite creativity, and many good experiences and practices in grassroots governance come from the masses. For example, the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) comes from the masses and continues to develop in serving the masses. At present, the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) of the new era has blossomed everywhere and has become a banner of grassroots social governance. Where do the "golden ideas" of 四两拨千斤 (sì liǎng bō qiān jīn - "four ounces deflect a thousand pounds," to use minimal force to achieve maximum effect) in grassroots work come from? They are hidden in every casual conversation with the masses. A first secretary stationed in a village said: "When there is no idea, sit down and chat with the villagers, and many problems can be solved. By relying closely on the masses, difficult things are not difficult." Grassroots cadres should go among the people, listen more to what the masses think, ask more about how the masses do things, fully stimulate the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of the people, and summarize and refine experience from the innovative practices of the masses, so that grassroots governance is more dynamic.

　　Of course, skillfully using ingenuity is not equal to speculation, and innovation cannot become "virtual" creation. The "skillful work" of grassroots work must be based on solid "stupid work." Visiting and breaking iron shoes to truly understand the needs of the masses; conducting research to peel cocoons and come up with solid research results; implementing without compromise, doing practical work and seeking practical results... When these "stupid work" accumulate to a certain extent, "skillful work" can be achieved naturally. Grassroots governance is like embroidery. If the strength is too light, the stitches may be superficial, and if the strength is too heavy, the thread may be broken. Skillfully using ingenuity also requires grasping the strength well. This "degree" is reflected in the balance between principle and flexibility, in the balance between governance efficiency and humanistic care, and in the integration of traditional wisdom and modern thinking. Grasping the strength of grassroots governance can make the grassroots society both full of vitality and have good order.

　　At present, grassroots cadres shoulder the important responsibilities of promoting high-quality development, high-efficiency governance, and further improving people's well-being, and need more wisdom of 四两拨千斤 (sì liǎng bō qiān jīn - "four ounces deflect a thousand pounds," to use minimal force to achieve maximum effect). Finding the right focus, the "skill" of grassroots work contains the password to improve governance efficiency.

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Making ethnic minority cultural characteristics even more vibrant through utilization.

By: 陆 尧

In March 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out during his inspection in Guizhou (贵州): "The culture of ethnic minorities is an indispensable part of Chinese culture. We must not only protect the tangible villages, dwellings, and distinctive architectural styles, and inherit the intangible cultural heritage, but also promote its creative transformation and innovative development, so that ethnic characteristics become more vibrant in utilization and constantly radiate new brilliance." Chinese civilization has a long history, and the cultures of all ethnic groups complement each other, jointly forging the pluralistic and integrated pattern of the Chinese nation. Minority cultures are not only a treasure of the Chinese nation but also a treasure of world culture. We must not only safeguard the cultural roots of different ethnic groups but also promote their integration into modern life and showcase the brilliance of the times, so that the cultural characteristics of ethnic minorities become more vibrant in utilization, and the cultural subjectivity of the Chinese nation is further enhanced.

Based on scientific protection, stimulate the new vitality of ethnic minority cultures. The cultural heritage of ethnic minorities is not only a witness to ethnic history but also a carrier of ethnic spirit. Protecting these cultural heritages is to safeguard the cultural roots of the Chinese nation. Protection is not simply "preservation." Only by conforming to the trends of the times and using modern technological means to systematically protect, research, and inherit cultural heritage can we effectively protect the diversity and uniqueness of ethnic cultures, allowing them to radiate new vitality in the new era. Through virtual reality technology, people can immersively experience the traditional villages of ethnic minorities. Through artificial intelligence, machine learning, machine translation, and other technologies, the languages, scripts, arts, etc., of ethnic minorities can be better recorded and inherited. For example, during the "March 3rd" cultural activities in Guangxi (广西), the organizers used technological means to panoramically display the Zhuang (壮族) ethnic group's Tianqin (天琴) art, bringing an immersive experience to the audience. With the help of artificial intelligence, people can better sing the songs of Liu Sanjie (刘三姐) and feel the warmth of Nixing pottery (坭兴陶). As another example, the Mongolian (蒙古族) throat singing art of Khöömii (呼麦) once faced the crisis of "when people leave, the art dies." Now, we can use various high-tech equipment such as throat instruments and breathing belts to record and conduct acoustic analysis of the sounds, deciphering the physical code of its "double voice from the throat." At present, we must use new technological means to compile ancient cultural codes so that the cultural galaxies of each ethnic group can shine in the sky of Chinese civilization.

Taking creative transformation as the path, activate the vitality of ethnic minority cultures. With economic and social development, the agricultural foundation and handicraft economy of ethnic minority cultures have gradually declined. If ethnic minority cultures are merely displayed in museums, it will not be conducive to their inheritance and development. The inheritance of ethnic minority cultures cannot remain in "preserving the old" but must find the convergence point between tradition and modernity, transforming the rich elements contained within, such as art, crafts, music, and dance, into cultural products with a sense of the times through modern design, technological means, and industrial models. Only in this way can the valuable heritage of ethnic minority cultures truly move towards modernity and the masses. For example, the Dong (侗族) Grand Choir, with its unique form of multi-part harmony, is known as the "sound of nature," but its dissemination was limited in the past. Now, through digital technology, the Dong Grand Choir can be integrated into modern music creation, allowing more people to feel its charm. The ethereal chant in the opening theme of the movie *Ne Zha* (哪吒之魔童闹海) is impressive; it is a masterpiece of the production team that innovatively integrates various modern musical elements while retaining the original ecological timbre of the Dong Grand Choir. Practice has proven that we can activate the vitality of ethnic cultures in the creative dialogue between ethnic culture and modern life.

Taking innovative development as the goal, showcase the contemporary brilliance of ethnic minority cultures. The vitality of culture lies in flow and innovation. Innovation is not a negation of tradition but a sublimation of tradition and an effective path to activate cultural genes. First, innovation requires technological empowerment. The deep connection between technology and culture can build a bridge connecting the past and the present, allowing cultural genes to find new carriers of expression in the era of digital civilization. For example, through technologies such as high-definition digital acquisition, the millennia-old "flying apsaras" in the murals of the Mogao Grottoes (莫高窟) in Dunhuang (敦煌) can not only "walk" out of the caves but also dance with global audiences in the "cloud." Second, innovation requires industrial support. The close integration of ethnic minority cultures with modern industries can create culturally competitive products. Through models such as "intangible cultural heritage + tourism," "intangible cultural heritage + commerce," and "intangible cultural heritage + venues," we can develop products with the characteristics of the times and local features that are loved by the public, continuously enrich consumption methods and consumption scenarios related to intangible cultural heritage, promote cross-border integration to form a complete industrial chain, and innovatively transform the characteristic resources of ethnic minority cultures into characteristic industries for high-quality development. Third, innovation requires an open vision. Ethnic minority cultures must find their place in the world civilization map and establish a "two-way decoding" dialogue mechanism. For example, several promotional videos of ethnic minority intangible cultural heritage have been shown on the big screen of Times Square (纽约时报广场) in New York (美国), telling the stories of intangible cultural heritage treasures and showcasing the charm and style of Chinese culture to the world. Through innovative development, allowing ethnic minority cultures to integrate into life and move towards the world can contribute more to enhancing cultural confidence.

(Author's affiliation: Department of Chinese Language and Literature, Peking University (北京大学))

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Basking in the Warm Sun, Pursuing Dreams Together (Frontline of People's Livelihood · Special Plan for "June 1st")

The healthy growth of children and adolescents is related to the harmony and happiness of hundreds of millions of families, and to the great plan for the development of the country and the nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that the whole society should have compassion and care for children, especially orphans and disabled children, and work together to enable them to grow up healthily and feel the warmth of the socialist family.

Compared with able-bodied people, it is more difficult for them to achieve independence and integration into society. Every child is a unique star, worthy of being seen, heard, and cherished. On the occasion of the "June 1st" International Children's Day, this edition launches a special plan to tell the stories of disabled children striving for rehabilitation, integrating into society, and giving back to society after they grow up, and looks forward to more children and adolescents enjoying the warm sunshine and pursuing their dreams.

——Editor

After receiving rehabilitation assistance, An'an, who suffers from cerebral palsy, gets rid of assistive devices——

"Now I can run a few steps without crutches"

By Dou Hanyang (窦瀚洋), reporter of this newspaper

With his arms exerting force and his hands tightly gripping the railing on one side of the balance bar, An'an (安安) (pseudonym), a 15-year-old from the Wandi Loving Children's Welfare Institute (万地爱心儿童福利院) in Lishui (丽水) City, Zhejiang Province (浙江省), began training in the rehabilitation room. He struggled to hook his heels and stretched his body backward until he repeated this movement more than a dozen times before his feet finally stood firmly on the ground. Without bothering to wipe his sweat, he held on to the railing and began to practice walking... This is An'an's weekly training.

At 10 months old, An'an was diagnosed with cerebral palsy and equinovarus foot. "The doctor said that the child's muscle tone was abnormal, and his motor function was severely restricted, and even standing became a luxury." At that time, An'an's mother, Fu Yiming (付一鸣), felt that "the whole family had collapsed."

Because of prolonged sitting and lying down, An'an's calf muscles were severely atrophied. Before the age of 7, he spent most of his time in a wheelchair.

The turning point came in 2018. At that time, the Wandi Loving Children's Welfare Institute (万地爱心儿童福利院) carried out door-to-door assessments of disabled children from poor families and visited An'an's home. "Initially, An'an's condition was more serious, and coupled with financial difficulties, the family once wanted to give up treatment." Ye Jianyun (叶剑云), the rehabilitation department leader of the welfare institute, recalled that An'an's mother supported two children by working three part-time jobs, and her life was very tight.

Two months after the door-to-door assessment, An'an was included in the "Tianyi Plan (添翼计划)," a free rehabilitation assistance program for disabled children implemented by Zhejiang Province (浙江省) since 2016. As the first batch of pilot units of the plan, the Wandi Loving Children's Welfare Institute (万地爱心儿童福利院) relies on its facility equipment and professional talent resources to continuously provide centralized care and rehabilitation training for seriously ill and disabled children and adolescents from poor families aged 7-18 for free.

Thanks to this, An'an moved from a remote village to the welfare institute and began to receive systematic rehabilitation treatment.

"When we first met, An'an was extremely dependent on the wheelchair and didn't even have the awareness to stand." Pan Wenqiang (潘文强), a teacher in the rehabilitation department of the welfare institute, said, "Tendon Achilles surgery is crucial if you want to walk." Therefore, in the first year of the welfare institute, An'an's rehabilitation program mainly revolved around "preoperative preparation," aiming to lay the foundation for overcoming the difficulties of standing and walking after the operation.

Under the arrangement of Lou Yajia (楼雅佳), the director of the welfare institute, An'an was able to go to the Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital of the National Rehabilitation Aids Research Center (国家康复辅具研究中心附属康复医院) for Achilles tendon surgery. The welfare institute also took the initiative to help connect resources and raised 70,000 yuan for surgery and other expenses from the local Disabled Persons' Federation and caring people in the community. In November 2019, An'an successfully completed the surgery.

After the operation, An'an rested at home for a year, and his weight was seriously overweight, which was very detrimental to recovery. "If you want to stand up from a wheelchair, you have to use a standing bed, and your calf muscles will feel sore after standing for a while." An'an said that the postoperative recovery was the most difficult time.

"A simple 'swallow flying' movement requires him to blush and exert his whole body to complete it. He sweats profusely after doing 10 squats." In Pan Wenqiang's (潘文强) view, rehabilitation training is long and boring, which is not easy for children in their teens, but An'an has never stopped working hard.

In 2023, An'an finally got rid of the walking frame and walked slowly with a single crutch. "I would fall down after only four or five steps. Every step I took, I told myself, 'Walk slowly and persevere one more step.'" This state lasted for several weeks. Suddenly one day, An'an's body no longer leaned forward when walking. "I knew I had finally succeeded." Recalling that moment, An'an couldn't hide his excitement.

"I thought my child would be lying in bed for the rest of his life, but I didn't expect that he can walk now and go to school normally. I want to thank the government and society for not giving up on An'an," said Fu Yiming (付一鸣).

Now, An'an is in the third grade of elementary school. He receives education in ordinary schools during the day and practices core strength in the training room of the welfare institute at night. After gradually getting acquainted with the reporter, An'an showed a lively and cheerful side. During training, he suddenly lowered his voice and said, "Now I can run a few steps without crutches." After saying that, he threw away his crutches and ran at least ten steps, and hearty laughter echoed in the rehabilitation room...

With the care of all parties, Zhang Tianyu (张天宇), who has a physical disability, regained his confidence——

"Life is beautiful because of perseverance"

By Wang Zhe (王者), reporter of this newspaper

In the evening, walking into the Third Junior High School (第三初级中学) in Wudi County (无棣县), Binzhou City (滨州市), Shandong Province (山东省), it was the after-school extended service period, and cheerful rhythms jumped in the school corridor. Following the sound of the piano and pushing open the door of the activity room, Zhang Tianyu (张天宇) was plucking the strings and concentrating on playing the guzheng.

Zhang Tianyu (张天宇) is 14 years old this year and lives in the Shi Sanli (石三里) community of Xin'an (馨安) Community, Difeng (棣丰) Street, next to the school. He is a student in Class 1, Grade 8.

Tianyu (天宇) suffers from congenital spina bifida, cannot perform running and jumping exercises, and has been assessed as a level 2 physical disability. A few years ago, an accident made her life worse. A car accident took the life of Tianyu's (天宇) father, and her mother suffered a high paraplegia and a level 1 disability, requiring someone to take care of her.

The grandparents did not have the conditions to raise her, so Tianyu's (天宇) mother had to live with her and her younger sister with her maternal grandmother.

"I want to study like other children," Tianyu (天宇) said. Before going to elementary school, her mother encouraged Tianyu (天宇) not to care about other people's opinions and to be brave and be herself. Facing the teacher's proposal to give her special care, Tianyu (天宇) refused outright and insisted on studying and living with other classmates.

The maternal grandfather died early, and the mother and maternal grandmother did not have a fixed source of income, and the economic pressure was great. After learning about the difficulties of Tianyu's (天宇) family, in 2022, Yuan Yuhui (袁玉会), the children's director of Xin'an (馨安) Community, visited Tianyu (天宇) and her younger sister to identify them as de facto unattended children, and each of them enjoyed a subsidy of 2,140 yuan per month. The Binzhou (滨州) Civil Affairs Bureau also uniformly purchased "Medical Insurance (医惠保)" for children like Tianyu (天宇) to reduce the burden of medical treatment.

In the summer of 2022, the maternal grandmother took Tianyu (天宇) to Beijing (北京) for surgery. After the operation, she returned home for rehabilitation. In order not to delay Tianyu's (天宇) school opening in September, Yuan Yuhui (袁玉会) helped her contact the Wudi County People's Hospital (无棣县人民医院) for rehabilitation training.

After rehabilitation training, Tianyu's (天宇) condition improved, but she could only barely get out of bed and walk. Tianyu (天宇) refused to admit defeat and insisted that her maternal grandmother ride an electric car to send her to campus every day, and she supported the wall, moved her steps step by step, and walked with difficulty to her seat to attend classes.

Not fully recovered, and facing the pressure of entering a higher school, the burden increased, and Tianyu (天宇) felt a little overwhelmed, and her grades fluctuated. After returning home, Tianyu (天宇) always locked herself in the room.

Faced with the change in Tianyu's (天宇) temperament, Yuan Yuhui (袁玉会) and Zhang Yue (张月), a social worker from the Wudi County (无棣县) Minors Protection Center, knocked on Tianyu's (天宇) door, did two psychological assessments, recorded her information into the Minors Protection Cloud Platform, and invited her to come to the center on weekends to experience psychological sand table activities.

Early on Saturday morning, Tianyu (天宇) took her maternal grandmother's hand and walked into the Minors Protection Center, and Zhang Yue (张月) was waiting at the door. In the psychological counseling room, Dong Ningning (董宁宁), a national second-level psychological counselor, accompanied Tianyu (天宇) to conduct a sand table deduction game, and helped Tianyu (天宇) build confidence through observation, empathy and acceptance.

In the next room, Zhang Yue (张月) was teaching a course with the theme of "Family Empowerment." In the post-class exchange session, she explained to the maternal grandmother the methods of parent-child communication and emotional management. With the joint help of everyone, Tianyu (天宇) gradually reshaped her positive attitude, her emotional communication with her maternal grandmother became smoother, and her academic performance improved.

In response to the problem of insufficient education ability of guardians, the County Minors Protection Center uses weekends to regularly carry out family education lectures, family sports games and other parent-child empowerment activities. Up to now, nearly 100 parent-child interactive activities have been carried out, benefiting more than 400 families.

Tianyu (天宇) has had a strong interest in music since she was a child. When she is stressed from studying, she likes to sing in her room. During the summer vacation in 2023, she also fell in love with playing the guzheng. After learning about Tianyu's (天宇) interest, the Minors Protection Center took the initiative to contact local caring social organizations to provide her with opportunities to learn guzheng for free. Now, she still insists on practicing the piano every weekend, and has also passed the guzheng level 5 exam.

A few days ago, the Minors Protection Center carried out a Children's Day study tour. Accompanied by Zhang Yue (张月), Tianyu (天宇) went to Tianjin (天津) to visit and study. Along the way, Tianyu (天宇) was very excited, trying not to fall behind, and followed at the end of the study tour team.

"It was the first time to go to Tianjin (天津), and I saw a different scenery." Back home, Tianyu (天宇) wrote these words in her diary, "Life is beautiful because of perseverance. Next year, I will walk into the high school entrance examination hall."

Through intervention and rehabilitation training, Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠), who suffers from autism, grows up healthily——

"I want to give back to society as much as I can"

By Su Bin (苏滨), reporter of this newspaper

A few days ago, the "Village T" stage in Kaili City (凯里市), Guizhou Province (贵州省), welcomed a group of special performers with autism. They wore Miao (苗族) costumes and, under the guidance and encouragement of their teachers, took to the T stage one after another, generously and confidently showing themselves, and many viewers in the audience had red eyes.

"I want to break down that closed wall and truly become a part of society," Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) from Kaili City (凯里市) sincerely confided his feelings.

Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) is 21 years old this year and is a student at Guizhou Electronic Information Vocational and Technical College (贵州电子信息职业技术学院). Zhang Zongyi's (张宗熠) parents recalled that when their child was 3 years old, he hardly spoke, nor did he call his parents, and showed obvious social and communication barriers when he went to kindergarten, and was eventually diagnosed with autism.

"When we were diagnosed, we felt like the sky was falling, but we didn't dare to show it in front of our children." Collapsing, struggling, and suffering, but Zhang Zongyi's (张宗熠) mother never thought of giving up and took her child for rehabilitation treatment as soon as possible.

At first, Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) was sent to a special children's rehabilitation center in Guiyang City (贵阳市). From Monday to Friday, he took two individual training classes and one group class every day, doing cognitive imitation training and auditory integration training.

"At that time, the rehabilitation cost was nearly 1,000 yuan a month, and renting a house in Guiyang (贵阳) cost five or six hundred yuan a month. Although there was some economic pressure, we became more and more confident as we watched our children get better and better," said Zhang Zongyi's (张宗熠) mother.

In 2008, Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) returned to Kaili City (凯里市) and continued to receive rehabilitation training at the newly opened Little Sea Turtle Special Children's Rehabilitation Center (小海龟特殊儿童康复中心).

Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) still remembers that his favorite thing at that time was music class. As soon as he heard the melody, his world seemed to become colorful. About a year and a half later, Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) was able to go to elementary school normally like ordinary children. However, new troubles began to emerge.

"I hope to be able to get along better with teachers and classmates, but I don't know how to express it." Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) likes to make friends. When he met a classmate he got along with very well the next day, he didn't know how to express his inner joy for a while, so he gave the other person a hug, which caused a misunderstanding and broke up unhappily, and he also felt very hurt.

In the view of Hu Yarong (胡亚荣), the principal of the Little Sea Turtle Special Children's Rehabilitation Center (小海龟特殊儿童康复中心), who has been in the industry for more than 20 years, Zhang Zongyi's (张宗熠) IQ is very high, and his emotional needs are also high. "The child is polite and kind-hearted, but he is a little stubborn and lacks social skills, so he always feels that no one understands him," said Hu Yarong (胡亚荣).

If discovered and intervened early, children with autism can also live the same lives as ordinary people. At present, the Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture (黔东南苗族侗族自治州) Disabled Persons' Federation has corresponding assistance programs, and many rehabilitation institutions are also mobilizing social forces to build a comprehensive support system. Last year, the Little Sea Turtle Special Children's Rehabilitation Center (小海龟特殊儿童康复中心) cooperated with a foundation, and more than 50 autistic children were able to receive a subsidy of 1,000 yuan per month per person.

"We will continue to pay attention to the children who have participated in rehabilitation training, and we will also conduct training for parents to teach them how to communicate with their children," said Hu Yarong (胡亚荣).

Now, Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) has returned to the Little Sea Turtle Special Children's Rehabilitation Center (小海龟特殊儿童康复中心) for an internship to help children like himself. In an imitation training class, a pair of twins suddenly cried loudly. Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) observed that their individual movements had not been done correctly, and they lost patience after trying several times, and the parents ran to the door following the crying. "Seeing that the adults were a little worried, I quickly went over to explain the situation and suggested that the teacher readjust the training content," said Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠).

In the eyes of the public, autism often means aloofness, autism, and resistance to social interaction. However, at the Little Sea Turtle Special Children's Rehabilitation Center (小海龟特殊儿童康复中心), the reporter found that many children with autism are lively and cheerful and have distinct personalities. "I used to receive a lot of help here. Now, I want to give back to society as much as I can. I believe that the children here can also grow up healthily like me," said Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠).

Now, Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) is about to graduate. He often imagines himself becoming an ambulance driver to help more people, or becoming a doll actor to bring happiness to more children. "I hope that in the future, I can show my value in more fields and grow towards the sun," said Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠).

Their happy moments and lost moments

In the process of growing up, disabled children will gain some warmth that ordinary people do not understand, and they will also encounter difficulties that ordinary people do not understand. This newspaper specially collected the happy moments and lost moments encountered by An'an (安安), Zhang Tianyu (张天宇) and Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠) to understand their joys and sorrows.

Happy Moments

An'an (安安)

1. Through systematic training, I can finally get rid of the walking aid and walk with a single crutch, and even run a few steps.

2. Like other children, I go to ordinary schools.

Zhang Tianyu (张天宇)

1. In the summer, I walked into the cornfield with my social worker sister to help farmers pick corn.

2. Won the first prize in the idiom solitaire competition held by the Minors Protection Center.

Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠)

1. I sang and performed on stage at the "June 1st" Children's Day party.

2. I helped a child when I was an intern at the Special Children's Rehabilitation Center.

Lost Moments

An'an (安安)

1. Because of being overweight, some rehabilitation projects have become very difficult.

2. Worried that others will look at me with strange eyes.

Zhang Tianyu (张天宇)

1. Because of the inconvenience of my legs and feet, I can't participate in sports activities like other students, and I can only secretly envy them on the edge of the playground.

2. When I was in the sixth grade, I worked very hard, but my grades just couldn't improve, and I was troubled by this for a long time.

Zhang Zongyi (张宗熠)

1. Waiting for a friend's message, but it never comes.

2. What I want to say is not understood or is misunderstood.

Layout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)

This issue is coordinated by: Xu Yang (徐阳)

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Better promote the physical and mental health of children in difficult circumstances.

This newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 29th (Reporter Li Changyu (李昌禹)) To further promote psychological well-being care services for vulnerable children such as orphans, de facto unattended children, migrant children, and left-behind children, the Ministry of Civil Affairs (民政部), the Ministry of Education (教育部), and other five departments recently jointly issued a notice to guide various regions in continuing to carry out the 2025 theme activity of "Nourishing Hearts and Accompanying Growth, Protecting the Future with One Heart" during the "June 1st" International Children's Day and other time nodes, to better promote the physical and mental health of vulnerable children.

The notice makes deployments in five aspects: strengthening psychological health monitoring, carrying out theme care activities, expanding the service functions of institutions, guiding broad social participation, and exploring digital empowerment to enhance efficiency.

The notice pointed out that all regions should establish and improve a psychological health monitoring mechanism for vulnerable children, strengthen the positive interaction between families, communities, schools, and institutions or places such as childcare institutions, community education institutions, children's activity centers, 12355 Youth Service Desks, and Children's Palaces, to promptly understand and grasp the psychological health status of vulnerable children, and promote the realization of early detection, early intervention, and early service; all regions should make full use of community comprehensive service facilities, community education institutions, urban and rural children's homes, Children's Palaces, civil affairs service stations, parent schools, and other institutions or places to build psychological health guidance and consultation platforms for vulnerable children; support the Communist Youth League (共青团) and Young Pioneers (少先队) organizations to open love care classes and mobile Children's Palaces in Children's Palaces, communities, and other places to provide psychological health care services for migrant children and left-behind children; where conditions permit, accelerate the promotion of "open-door operation" of children's welfare institutions to provide care services for vulnerable children in need. At the same time, all regions should make full use of digital means, such as data resource sharing and innovative application scenarios, to promote the effective connection between the psychological health needs of vulnerable children and care service resources.

The notice requires that all regions should focus on vulnerable children whose families have experienced sudden changes, single-parent families, and those facing academic pressure, establish a ledger of key care service recipients, and formulate specialized care service plans; improve working methods, fully respect the wishes of vulnerable children and their families, and do a good job of information protection throughout the process.

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The total cross-regional movement of people in society is expected to reach 687 million during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday.

This newspaper reported from Beijing on May 29th (Reporter Han Xin (韩鑫)): A reporter learned on the 29th from the Ministry of Transport (交通运输部) that it is predicted that during this year's Dragon Boat Festival holiday, the total cross-regional personnel flow in the whole society is expected to reach 687 million person-times, an increase of about 7.7% compared with the same period in 2024.

This year's Dragon Boat Festival overlaps with the "June 1st" International Children's Day holiday, and the demand for short-distance self-driving tours and family-friendly parent-child tours will increase significantly. At the same time, some regions will hold dragon boat races, intangible cultural heritage experience activities, and other events. Under the influence of multiple factors, popular tourist cities and surrounding areas will form a flow of people gathering effect. It is expected that the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), Yangtze River Delta (长三角), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区), and Chengdu-Chongqing (成渝) four major urban agglomerations will become popular travel areas. Guangzhou (广州), Beijing (北京), Chengdu (成都), Shenzhen (深圳), Shanghai (上海) and other places will have strong tourism travel, which will drive tourism consumption growth and form a short-term holiday consumption boom.

The Dragon Boat Festival holiday is relatively short, and the proportion of self-driving travel is high. According to predictions, the average daily total traffic volume on national expressways during this year's Dragon Boat Festival holiday is expected to be about 40.7 million vehicles, an increase of about 3% compared with the same period last year. It is estimated that the average daily traffic volume of new energy vehicles will be 8.3 million vehicles, accounting for about 21% of the average daily total traffic volume, a significant increase compared with the same period last year.

In response to the increase in new energy vehicle travel during the holiday, the Ministry of Transport (交通运输部) reminds the majority of new energy vehicle owners to make route plans and energy replenishment plans in advance before traveling, and try to travel and charge at off-peak times. You can learn about the usage status of charging facilities and equipment in advance through expressway variable message signs, navigation APPs, and the Ministry of Transport's (交通运输部) "e Road Smooth" application, reasonably choose charging times and locations, and improve charging efficiency.

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Holiday road trip: Pay attention to traffic safety

This newspaper reported from Beijing on May 29th (Reporter Zhang Tianpei (张天培)) The 2025 Dragon Boat Festival holiday is approaching. The Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security (公安部交通管理局) has assessed the road traffic safety situation and risks for this year's Dragon Boat Festival holiday and issued traffic safety reminders.

According to reports, the main outstanding risks to road traffic safety during the Dragon Boat Festival holiday are as follows: First, the traffic safety risks of medium and short-distance travel are prominent. Second, the traffic safety risks of large-scale folk activities such as "Dragon Boat Races" are prominent. Third, the traffic safety risks of "Dragon Boat Water" weather are prominent. Fourth, the traffic safety risks of rural "Sanxia" (三夏 - summer harvesting, sowing, and planting) are prominent.

The Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security (公安部交通管理局) advises that for holiday self-driving travel, pay attention to weather forecasts and road condition information in advance, plan travel times and routes reasonably, and try to avoid travel peaks and bad weather. When driving, concentrate, avoid distracted driving, do not speed, do not drive while fatigued, and maintain a safe following distance and slow down in rainy weather. Always remember "Don't drink and drive; don't drive after drinking," and never drink and drive. When traveling by car, do not take "black cars" that solicit passengers outside stations, overcrowded buses, or trucks and tricycles that carry passengers in violation of regulations. Fasten your seat belt when riding, and actively report illegal activities when discovered.

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Activate resources to solve people's livelihood problems

By: 本报记者  孟海鹰

"Opening the 'Jiangcheng Toilet Finder' (江城找厕所) WeChat mini-program, nearby restrooms are clear at a glance. Choose the nearest one, follow the navigation, and you can get there quickly." Ms. Li, a tourist visiting Jilin City (吉林市), Jilin Province (吉林省) for the first time, said. Ms. Li sincerely praised the beautiful scenery along the Songhua River (松花江) and the city's restroom management model.

Jilin City (吉林市) launched the "Shared Restroom" co-construction campaign in February this year. Grid members at the city and district levels visited street-front businesses and enterprises door-to-door, mobilizing them to open their internal restrooms for free during business and office hours. Supermarkets, restaurants, gas stations, and other street-front businesses and enterprises actively responded. Currently, 407 units have opened their internal restrooms, and a "5-minute toilet service circle" has been formed on main roads such as Henan Street (河南街).

"With the increase in the number of tourists and the dense flow of people in the urban area, the uneven distribution of public toilets and the difficulty of finding toilets during peak hours are objective problems." Lu Yongfeng (陆永丰), director of the Sanitation Department of the Jilin City (吉林市) Urban Management Bureau, introduced, "In the past, the government mainly built toilets for the people to use. This time, we are revitalizing resources and using shared thinking to solve the urgent needs and concerns of the people. We are currently adding street restroom signs and mobilizing more social forces to participate."

Opening up requires even better management. Jilin City (吉林市) requires units joining the "Shared Restroom" program to meet the three major standards of "good facilities, dedicated cleaning, and free opening," and to pass strict reviews of facility conditions, hygiene standards, and safety management. Staff will also monitor the opening status through the background to ensure that services are not discounted.

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Editor in Charge for this Section: Lü Li, Bai Zhenzhi, Xu Yang

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Get Moving, Say Goodbye to Being Overweight (Sports Grandstand · Special "June 1st" Planning)

General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Physical exercise should start from childhood. With more physical exercise, there will be fewer 'little fatty' and 'little glasses.'"

In recent years, many places have paid attention to the weight management of children and adolescents, actively cultivating their interest and hobbies in physical exercise, enriching the supply of competitions, and ensuring exercise time. As the "June 1st" International Children's Day approaches, reporters visited Beijing (北京), Zhejiang (浙江), Guangdong (广东) and other places to see how children strengthen their bodies and minds through sports, with sweat on their bodies and light in their eyes.

——Editor

Why is a club so skilled?

By Tao Xiang'an (陶相安), reporter of this newspaper

Every Sunday afternoon, Zuo Hao (左浩), the head of a comprehensive fitness club in Chaoyang District (朝阳区), Beijing (北京市), is particularly busy: under his guidance, a group of children sprint back and forth, climb ropes, and lift barbells... Their faces, covered in sweat, look particularly serious.

"We will formulate training plans according to the different needs of the children to improve their physical coordination, running and jumping ability, and cardiopulmonary function," said Zuo Hao (左浩). For primary school students, the club has set up running, jumping, and climbing courses, and also conducts coordination and balance training according to the children's physical development; for older children, the training will add speed, explosive power and other content.

In the 6 years since the club was founded, Zuo Hao's (左浩) biggest feeling is that the sports needs of children and adolescents are more diverse. "Now many children practice baseball, ice hockey, tennis and other sports, and it is very important to master scientific exercise methods, which requires the support of special physical training," he said.

To this end, Zuo Hao (左浩) and the coaching team have set up various courses with "full skill points," including training related to school physical tests, as well as training sessions for different parts of the body such as the upper limbs, lower limbs, and core abdomen. In addition, weight management is also an important part of the course. Zuo Hao (左浩) believes that children and adolescents are in the stage of physical development, and should avoid quick weight loss. They should control their diet, exercise scientifically, and stimulate children's enthusiasm for sports.

To this end, the coaching team strengthens communication with parents to adjust their children's diet, and on the other hand, improves the fun of training to attract children to participate actively. "We have set up game sessions such as throwing sandbags and pulling waist flags in aerobic training to increase the amount of exercise during the running process. At the same time, we have set up some 'small surprises,' such as players who are eliminated after their waist flags are pulled off can do two burpees to get the opportunity to participate in the game again."

Watching the students grow up in training, Zuo Hao (左浩) is full of a sense of accomplishment, "I hope the children develop good exercise habits and enjoy health and happiness."

(Intern Wang Runqiu (王润秋) participated in the writing)

How can a children's competition be played with new tricks?

By Ji Fang (季芳) and Chen Chenxi (陈晨曦), reporters of this newspaper

Wading through mud pits, flipping over low walls, and passing through tire formations, the cool movements are dazzling. In the recent 2025 Spartan Warrior Children's Race in Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江), the little warriors crossed obstacles and completed the "challenge," their eyes full of joy.

"It has been raining for the past few days, and the road surface is still very muddy, and there is also a certain amount of climbing, so it is relatively tiring overall. Every time I participate in the competition, I have different feelings. The changing track makes the competition more interesting," said Wang Yurun (王雨润), a young player who has participated in the Hangzhou (杭州) station competition three times in a row in two years.

"In the Hangzhou (杭州) station competition, many players are not participating for the first time, which shows that the competition has a strong attraction for children," said Zhang Haoyang (张昊洋), the head of the event.

Where does the attraction come from? The event design combines fun and challenge. "Wading through mud pits and flipping over low walls, these projects are very different from daily life and are full of freshness. Children can fully release their nature during the competition," said Zhang Haoyang (张昊洋).

According to reports, there are more than 60 different types of obstacle props in the Spartan Race prop library. The organizing committee sets up props according to the age groups of the players, and also adjusts the density and order of the props to constantly play new tricks and enrich the children's participation experience. "For example, sometimes we will arrange the mud pit in the front, and the children will have mud on their bodies and hands, which will also increase the difficulty of participating in the second half of the race," said Zhang Haoyang (张昊洋).

Children's event safety is the first priority. How does the organizing committee ensure it? According to reports, each obstacle prop in the event is equipped with detailed engineering design drawings, and the height, angle, and construction method of the prop are strictly and professionally measured to minimize risks. In addition, the organizing committee will also reinforce the props and lay protective mats to fully ensure the safety of the children participating in the competition.

Since the Spartan Warrior Children's Race was first held in 2017, more than one million people have participated so far. In the past, it took several months for each competition to be fully booked, but now it only takes a few days. "Parents are paying more and more attention to their children's physical exercise, which has given us more confidence in running the competition well," said Zhang Haoyang (张昊洋).

How can a basketball class tap greater potential?

By Wang Liang (王亮), reporter of this newspaper

The stubborn figure who climbed up after falling, the determined eyes who insisted on persevering despite being covered in sweat, the passionate moment of turning the tables against the wind... On the big screen, wonderful clips flashed one by one. A theme ideological and political class of "Small Basketball, Big Dreams" was held recently at Xiguan Peizheng Primary School (西关培正小学) in Liwan District (荔湾区), Guangzhou (广州), Guangdong (广东省). Previously, the school won the championship of the U12 men's group and the fifth place of the U10 mixed group in the 2024-2025 Li Ning Chinese Primary School Student Basketball League Guangdong (广东省) grassroots competition.

Taking basketball as a traction, Xiguan Peizheng Primary School (西关培正小学) has not only achieved fruitful results in competitions, but also improved the physical fitness of students. Shi Guifang (石桂芳), the secretary of the school's Party General Branch, introduced that the school takes basketball as a starting point for physical education and builds a characteristic training system. The 4 campuses offer a basketball class every week starting from the first grade, combined with basketball exercises during the big break and autonomous game activities, to help students master basic skills and tap their potential.

In addition, the school hires professional coaches to teach in layers: interest classes are aimed at beginners to cultivate interest, while echelon classes are selected through strict assessment to form an advanced path of "interest enlightenment - skill improvement - competitive breakthrough." "Our goal is to let children discover the fun of playing basketball, and also let children with potential receive professional training," said Shi Guifang (石桂芳). The senior A team members are all selected from the school's selection competition, and finally form the U12 elite team to participate in provincial competitions. Among them, Fu Zhuoyao (符焯耀), the player who won the title of "Most Valuable Player," said: "The school competitions taught me not to admit defeat and not to be afraid of difficulties."

In order to consolidate the strength of the teaching staff, the school requires all physical education teachers to participate in basketball-themed teaching and research, conduct 4 special training sessions every month, solve the difficulties in teaching and training; and open "basketball ideological and political classes" to encourage everyone to share inspirational stories in competitions and training to inspire more students.

Here, students have sufficient time for physical exercise: 40 minutes of physical education class every day, 30 minutes of basketball during the big break, and 45 minutes of recess activities, supplemented by special training in the托管课程. "Sports has played an important role, and there are almost no 'little fat kids' in the school now," Shi Guifang (石桂芳) said proudly.

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Weight management is more than just managing weight (extended reading)

By: 本报记者  刘硕阳

Children and adolescents are in a critical stage of growth and development. Weight management should not only focus on weight itself but also on the content behind the weight figures, cultivating healthy living habits and scientific exercise methods.

"In addition to the currently common judgment method dominated by Body Mass Index (BMI), we should pay more attention to indicators such as our own body fat content and muscle content." Feng Qiang (冯强), Deputy Director of the National Physique and Scientific Fitness Research Center of the China Institute of Sport Science (国家体育总局体育科学研究所), introduced that in the process of weight management, we should pay attention to what is being reduced. The ideal situation is to reduce the body's fat content. At present, many rapid weight loss methods on the market can lead to decreased bone density or muscle atrophy, which are detrimental to the healthy growth of children and adolescents. "If weight is reduced by removing beneficial substances, at the expense of health, it deviates from the original intention of weight management," said Feng Qiang (冯强).

Wang Jingjing (王晶晶), a researcher at the National Physique and Scientific Fitness Research Center of the China Institute of Sport Science (国家体育总局科学研究所), believes that it is impossible to restrict the nutritional intake of children and adolescents with a **一刀切** (yī dāo qiē - "one knife cut," to impose a uniform standard; to treat everyone the same regardless of the circumstances). It is necessary to increase energy expenditure through exercise while meeting the needs of growth and development, and regular scientific physical exercise is essential. "In the limited exercise time of children, it is especially important to scientifically improve the intensity of exercise and increase the types of exercise. For children, maintaining and improving muscle strength can improve athletic ability, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and promote height growth and bone health," said Wang Jingjing (王晶晶).

Weight management also requires the development of healthy living habits. "If you only pay attention to the numbers on the scale and do not adjust your lifestyle, even if the weight drops, it will rebound and affect your health," said Feng Qiang (冯强).

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Spinning Tops: An Enduring Tradition

By: 本报记者 李维俊

In the early morning, the Yao Ethnic Township of Lihu (里湖瑶族乡) in Nandan County (南丹县), Guangxi (广西) is still shrouded in a light mist, but the intangible cultural heritage spinning top exhibition hall at the foot of the mountain is already bustling. The deep and powerful "dong dong" sounds echo through the valley. Multiple spinning tops are spinning rapidly on the ground, on spinning top stands, in the palms of hands, on foreheads... drawing cheers from the onlookers.

He Guangbin (何光斌), dressed in traditional White-Trouser Yao (白裤瑶) clothing, places a spinning top spinning on the ground in the palm of his hand, and the top continues to spin steadily. "Playing spinning top is a technical skill. You need steady strength and accurate aim for the top to listen to you," he says.

45-year-old He Guangbin is a representative inheritor of the White-Trouser Yao spinning top tradition. He grew up with this "dong dong" sound and is a well-known spinning top expert in the village. "When we were kids, no one wanted to lose when playing spinning top. Whoever's top spun the longest was the best," He Guangbin recalls with a smile, reminiscing about his childhood.

Playing spinning top has a history of hundreds of years in the area. It is an indispensable traditional sport during festivals and is loved by the people. Playing spinning top is not only about strength, but also about skill – whoever has a steady whip technique and whoever makes a precise spinning top will win cheers from the crowd.

Traditional White-Trouser Yao spinning tops are hand-carved from high-quality wood, shaped like an inverted water ladle, with a sharp bottom and a round belly. Each top can weigh up to two or three pounds. The matching whip rope is woven from wild vines or hemp rope, containing strength within its flexibility. When the whip rope is swung, the "whoosh" sound of it cutting through the air suddenly rings out, as if splitting the air. Spinning top competitions are divided into two forms: one is an endurance competition, where the winner is determined by the length of time the top continues to spin; the other is a combat competition, with alternating attacks and defenses until one top falls and stops spinning. Whenever the tip of the whip accurately hits the target, the crisp "pop" sound intertwines with the cheers of the onlookers.

However, this skill once fell into decline. "In the past, the sound of people playing spinning top could be heard for miles, but later fewer and fewer people knew how to play," He Guangbin said. As a large number of young people went out to work, the once lively spinning top field in the village gradually became deserted, leaving only him to guard it.

In order to prevent the skills left by his ancestors from being lost, He Guangbin innovated the form and developed a set of acrobatic-style playing methods that involve spinning the top on the fingertips, palms, backs of hands, foreheads, and tops of heads. He also took out his savings, pulled in sponsorships, operated a spinning top processing factory, built an intangible cultural heritage exhibition hall, and organized competitions and performances. "Now there are more than a dozen children in the village who can play spinning top, and some have even won awards in national competitions!" He Guangbin said with satisfaction.

Since 2014, the White-Trouser Yao spinning top tradition has been included in the fifth batch of representative items on the list of intangible cultural heritage of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西壮族自治区). With the help of the new model of "ethnic traditional sports + rural tourism," more and more tourists are coming to experience the charm of this traditional sport. He Guangbin has also become an internet-famous coach, receiving tourists, filming videos, and teaching students. "Many people are attracted to it as soon as they try it. As long as they sincerely want to learn, I am willing to teach them. Every apprentice I train brings one more hope for inheritance," He Guangbin said.

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4200 km: Running from Guangdong to Tibet

By: 本报记者 曾华锋

In 54 days, he ran from Shenzhen (深圳), Guangdong (广东) to the Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰) Base Camp, and ran four half marathons in Lhasa (拉萨). He ran 88.48 kilometers at the Everest Base Camp and completed the "Thousand Miles Shigatse Super Run." This is the new achievement of Bai Bin (白斌), a Chinese ultra-endurance runner.

　　Measuring the world with footsteps and interpreting perseverance with willpower. In 2011, Bai Bin (白斌) ran from Istanbul, Turkey (土耳其伊斯坦布尔) to Xi'an (西安), China (中国); in 2016, he won the championship in the Yabrai Ultra Gobi Race by self-supplying and self-navigating; from 2018 to 2019, he spent 433 days running from the South Pole to the North Pole, with a total distance of 24,110 kilometers...

　　55-year-old Bai Bin (白斌) has not stopped running. In March this year, at the Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark (大鹏半岛国家地质公园) in Shenzhen (深圳), with the encouragement of more than 300 fans, Bai Bin (白斌) started running towards that distant goal - the Everest Base Camp (珠峰大本营). The journey was about 4,200 kilometers, passing through Guangdong (广东), Guangxi (广西), Guizhou (贵州), Sichuan (四川), and Tibet (西藏).

　　"Originally, I didn't need to go through Guizhou (贵州). The distance would be shorter if I went directly from Yunnan (云南) to Tibet (西藏). But my hometown is Sinan County (思南县), Guizhou (贵州), so I made a special detour to Guizhou (贵州)," Bai Bin (白斌) said. He runs an average of 70 to 80 kilometers a day, and arrived at the Village Super League (村超) site in Rongjiang County (榕江县), Guizhou (贵州) on March 14. Although physically exhausted, he still interacted enthusiastically with the players, fans, and cheerleaders on site.

　　On March 25, Bai Bin (白斌) ran through Luzhou (泸州), Sichuan (四川), and the local running group organized more than 20 members to help. Everyone started from the square opposite Chishui No. 1 Middle School (赤水一中), passed through the ancient and peaceful Fawang Temple Town (法王寺镇), the bustling and prosperous Xian City Town (先市镇), and the fresh and beautiful Xindianchang (新殿场), and ran to the Luzhou Olympic Sports Center (泸州奥体中心), a total distance of about 75 kilometers.

　　After more than 30 days of 栉风沐雨 (zhì fēng mù yǔ - "comb wind bathe rain," to brave the wind and rain; to endure hardships of travel or outdoor life), on April 6, Bai Bin (白斌) entered Tibet (西藏) from Sichuan (四川). The lack of oxygen, cold, and complex road conditions brought by the high altitude made the journey difficult, but still could not stop him. On April 19, Bai Bin (白斌) started from Mozhugongka County (墨竹工卡县), Lhasa (拉萨), and ran four half marathons in a row, taking 2 hours 12 minutes, 2 hours 07 minutes, 2 hours 11 minutes, and 2 hours 44 minutes respectively, to reach the Potala Palace (布达拉宫).

　　At 6:50 on April 24, Bai Bin (白斌) set off from Gangga Town (岗嘎镇), Dingri County (定日县), Shigatse (日喀则市), and ran uphill towards the Everest Base Camp (珠峰大本营). "At a mountain pass, a level 8 gale hit, and it was difficult for people to stand still. Bai Bin (白斌) stubbornly resisted it!" A fellow runner exclaimed. At 22:08, Bai Bin (白斌) ran 88.48 kilometers and successfully arrived at the Everest Base Camp (珠峰大本营).

　　From April 30 to May 4, Bai Bin (白斌) conducted the "Thousand Miles Shigatse Super Run" in Shigatse (日喀则市), which means running 100 kilometers every day for 5 consecutive days. "Shigatse (日喀则) has a beautiful environment and fresh air. When running in Gongjuelinka (贡觉林卡), many running enthusiasts followed me, which felt very good," Bai Bin (白斌) said.

　　During the journey, Bai Bin (白斌) was once troubled by injuries. "Seven days after the start, my Achilles tendon hurt and my feet were swollen, but I couldn't stop running. So I slowed down and controlled the injury," Bai Bin (白斌) said. After running four half marathons in Lhasa (拉萨), he felt unwell due to drinking less water, but he quickly adjusted.

　　Talking about his future goals, Bai Bin (白斌) told reporters that he is preparing to speed climb Mount Everest (珠峰) next year. In 2017, Kilian Jornet, a famous Spanish trail running athlete, successfully summited Mount Everest (珠峰) solo without oxygen and ropes, in just 26 hours. "I hope to break the record," Bai Bin (白斌) said, "I also want to inspire more people to bravely pursue their dreams and challenge themselves through my actions. Age is not a problem, as long as you have the determination, you can break through the limits."

　　Link

　　How to prepare for endurance running?

　　4,200 kilometers, running for 54 consecutive days, an average of nearly 78 kilometers per day, how to prepare and recover quickly?

　　Reserve sufficient physical fitness. Long-term scientific and systematic training can greatly improve physical fitness, thereby adapting to high-intensity exercise and accelerating recovery. Bai Bin (白斌) runs tens of thousands of kilometers a year, with a solid foundation.

　　Do not exceed the limit. You can't run too hard every day, rushing and charging, but only use 70% to 80% of your physical strength to run, maintaining a rhythmic and sustainable output.

　　Keep up with nutrients. The types of substances ingested should be rich and diverse, such as rice, noodles, bread, nuts, meat, vegetables, etc., with a combination of meat and vegetables, and try to obtain them from natural foods, not necessarily energy gels, energy bars, etc.

　　Proper teamwork. Bai Bin (白斌) ran from Shenzhen (深圳) to the Everest Base Camp (珠峰大本营), with two RVs accompanying him, and the team members had their own divisions of labor, including drivers, chefs, doctors, photographers, etc.

　　Maintain a good mood. A happy mood can enhance immunity and also help strengthen will and overcome difficulties.

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No water or electricity needed, play curling even in hot weather (Sports Tech Style)

By: 本报记者  施  钰

Stepping on the pedal, holding the slider in the left hand, gripping the granite curling stone in the right hand, eyes fixed on the center circle, exerting force forward, the curling stone slides out along the ice surface... "This is my first time participating in such a competition, it feels very special!" At a land curling competition held in the Pingtan Comprehensive Experimental Zone (平潭综合实验区) of Fujian Province (福建省), Zhang Ruiqin (张瑞钦) from Fuzhou (福州市) and her friends formed a team to participate in the adult group competition and made it to the top six.

Although it is a land curling competition, the equipment used on site, such as curling stones, and the competition rules are completely consistent with real curling, how is this done? "We have developed 'ecological ice' technology, which has extremely similar performance to real ice at room temperature," said Zhang Zu'ai (张祖爱), head of Fujian Wanjufu Ice and Snow Sports Technology Co., Ltd. (福建万聚福冰雪体育科技有限公司).

Developing ice sports in the south, the economic cost is a major challenge. "Without natural ice and snow conditions, we can only rely on artificial ice making." Zhang Zu'ai (张祖爱) introduced, "Building an ice rink requires a venue with a specific floor height and ice surface construction, installing insulation, heat insulation, dehumidification, ventilation and other systems, and also equipping professional ice makers and equipment maintenance personnel. After three or four years of operation, the cost is enough to build another new ice rink."

The high construction and operating costs directly lead to high costs for indoor ice sports. How to let more people experience the fun of ice sports such as curling and ice hockey? In 2017, Zhang Zu'ai (张祖爱) cooperated with foreign universities to establish a sports venue material research and development center to develop ice surface replacement materials.

"Artificial ice surfaces must take into account multiple properties such as friction, lubricity, strength, and toughness. These characteristics are both combined and contradictory, and we need to find the best balance point," said Wang Sheng (王盛), the relevant person in charge of the research and development team. In 2019, after research and development breakthroughs, the team integrated and developed "ecological ice" technology, mixing various liquid polymers together and evenly spreading them into a 2-3 mm thick smooth "ice surface layer."

After professional testing, in curling, the similarity in sliding motion performance between "ecological ice" and real ice surfaces is 90%-95%; in skating, the performance similarity between the two also reaches 80%-85%. "We can use the same equipment, technical movements and competition rules to carry out ice sports. If properly maintained, the service life of a venue can reach 6-8 years," said Zhang Zu'ai (张祖爱).

"The venue using 'ecological ice' does not consume water or electricity, and the operating cost is greatly reduced compared to real ice venues," said Zhang Zu'ai (张祖爱). At present, this technology has been implemented in more than 20 provinces and entered hundreds of universities, middle and primary schools.

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Photo Story

On the evening of May 28th, the Taizhou (泰州) Sports Park in Jiangsu Province (江苏省) was brightly lit, and citizens were exercising.

Photo by Gu Jihong (顾继红) (Image China)

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Editor in charge of this page: Lin Lin, Gao Ji, Wang Bo

Layout Design: Wang Zheping (汪哲平)

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Synergy and Coordination: Playing a Good Game of Regional Coordinated Development (High-Quality Development Stories · Episode 7)

By: 本期主讲人：国务院发展研究中心发展战略和区域经济研究部原部长 侯永志

China has a vast territory and a large population. The differences in natural resource endowments among regions are rare in the world, and there are also differences in development foundations. Coordinating regional development has always been a major issue, and regional collaboration is a necessary requirement for the prosperity and development of regional economies.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has personally planned, deployed, and promoted major regional strategies such as the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区), the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, leading regional coordinated development to achieve historic achievements.

Understanding the Significance of Promoting Coordinated Regional Development

Promoting coordinated regional development is an important way to resolve the contradiction between the people's growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development. China's economy has shifted from a stage of high-speed growth to a stage of high-quality development, which has put forward new requirements for coordinated regional development. The importance of coordinated regional development is self-evident, because the essential requirements of modern economic development are openness, division of labor, and cooperation, which require full consideration of the equalization and differentiation of development in various regions. Equalization refers to the fact that the accessibility of infrastructure and the level of basic public services in various regions should be roughly equivalent. Differentiation refers to the fact that various regions should combine their own resource endowments and development foundations, give full play to their own advantages, and achieve differentiated development. It is worth noting that promoting coordinated regional development should not be simply understood as requiring all regions to reach the same level of economic development, but rather to follow the path of reasonable division of labor, complementary advantages, and high-quality development based on regional conditions and comparative advantages.

Promoting coordinated regional development is an important way to solve the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development, and it is an inherent requirement for promoting high-quality development and promoting common prosperity. In the process of modernization, promoting regional coordinated development to a higher level, improving the income level and quality of life of residents in various regions, and further improving the balance, coordination, and inclusiveness of development will help to achieve the sharing of development results.

Promoting coordinated regional development is an objective requirement for the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. Chinese-style modernization is a "five-in-one" modernization of economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction, and ecological civilization construction. The harmonious coexistence of man and nature is the due meaning of coordinated regional development. In the practice of coordinated regional development, the western region is accelerating the formation of a new pattern of large-scale protection, large-scale opening up, and high-quality development; the eastern region is strengthening the ecological protection and systematic management of major rivers and important lakes; major regional strategies such as the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin all reflect the development concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets."

Promoting coordinated regional development is also a necessary requirement for enhancing the country's overall strength. Against the background of the accelerated evolution of major changes unseen in a century, in order to cope with the complex and volatile external environment, it is necessary to accelerate the enhancement of the country's overall strength and cultivate and strengthen growth poles with international influence. This requires vigorously implementing a series of major regional strategies such as the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区), the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin; and coordinating the promotion of the western development, the comprehensive revitalization of the northeast, the rise of the central region, and the eastern region's priority development strategy to release the growth potential of various regions. Through coordinated regional development, we can better leverage the potential of domestic demand, better couple the domestic market with the international market, better utilize the two markets and two resources at home and abroad, and accelerate the formation of a new development pattern in which the domestic cycle is the mainstay and the domestic and international cycles promote each other.

Grasping the Four Pairs of Relationships in Promoting Coordinated Regional Development

Promoting coordinated regional development involves many fields and diverse subjects, and we must adhere to the concept of systems. In the process of promoting coordinated regional development, we must grasp the following four pairs of relationships.

Grasp the relationship between the central government and local governments. China has a vast territory, and different regions are at different stages of development. Under the centralized and unified leadership and planning of the Party Central Committee, the implementation of regional strategies can further highlight and integrate the comparative advantages of various regions, thereby stimulating higher efficiency and greater potential, and releasing regional development vitality. We must adhere to the idea of ​​the country as a whole, break the mindset of "one mu and three points of land," innovate the system and mechanism for coordinated regional development, optimize the regional opening layout, continue to expand institutional opening up, and promote the construction of a unified national market through regional synergy and integration, and further release the development potential of various regions. Provinces should strengthen the idea of ​​the country as a whole, accurately identify their positioning and mission in the national regional coordinated development strategy and major regional strategies, and actively integrate into and serve the overall national development situation.

Grasp the relationship between this region and other regions. The development of this region is inseparable from the complementary advantages and mutual cooperation with other regions. Cooperation is the prerequisite for giving full play to comparative advantages. Strengthening cooperation in infrastructure connectivity, industrial development, and other aspects will help reduce market transaction costs and promote the smooth flow and efficient allocation of factor resources in a wider range. Cooperation is conducive to promoting social equity, narrowing the development gap between regions, and achieving common prosperity. In order to achieve east-west mutual assistance, north-south coordination, and land-sea integration, relevant regions and departments should focus on breaking deep-seated institutional and mechanism barriers, promoting smoother cross-regional resource allocation, and continuously enhancing the coordination and balance of regional development in complementary advantages.

Grasp the relationship of coordinated development within the region. Due to differences in resource endowments, the development of various regions within the region also needs to follow the path of reasonable division of labor, complementary advantages, and high-quality development. Various regions have also been exploring paths for coordinated development within the region, forming flexible and diverse cross-city economic cooperation models. For example, the enclave economy is an important economic cooperation method for promoting coordinated regional development. In practice, it has played a positive role in reducing regional economic disparities and achieving complementary advantages between regions. At present, the practice of the enclave economy is constantly unfolding in China. This industrial transfer method driven by government cooperation not only promotes economic development, but also improves the governance capabilities of local governments and forms a joint force for modernization construction.

Grasp the relationship between the government and enterprises. The government is the maker and implementer of policies, the builder of the business environment, the provider of public services, and the leader and important participant in regional economic development. As business entities, enterprises are important organizers for transforming various factor resources into real productive forces. To handle the relationship between the two, the government must be active and promising, but it cannot overstep its position; enterprises must actively explore and innovate, but they must abide by laws and regulations. On the one hand, enterprises use market competition to promote the flow and aggregation of innovative elements, promote the development of innovation activities and high-quality economic development; on the other hand, the government provides policy support, builds innovation platforms, and optimizes the business environment to create a good ecology for the development of innovation activities and high-quality economic development.

Comprehensively Promote Regional Coordinated Development to a Higher Level

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with the continuous implementation of China's regional coordinated development strategy and major regional strategies, a spatial layout framework of complementary advantages and high-quality development is taking shape. However, it should also be noted that promoting coordinated regional development in the context of Chinese-style modernization faces new challenges and new tasks, and achieving coordinated regional development is a long-term historical process and a complex system engineering. On the new journey of Chinese-style modernization, promoting coordinated regional development requires more attention to the linkage between regions, more attention to people's livelihood orientation, and better service to national security and development.

On the new journey, promoting coordinated regional development and building an efficient and orderly regional coordinated development pattern, an important aspect lies in promoting the effective connection, organic integration, and interconnection of major regional strategies. We must not only do a good job in the "embroidery" of coordination and linkage between various elements within major regional strategies, but also plan a "grand blueprint" for the integration and interconnection between major regional strategies, so as to promote the linkage and cooperation of major regional strategies at a higher level, in a wider range, and to a deeper extent, build a closely connected and integrated regional coordinated development new pattern, promote the free flow of various products and services and factors of production, so as to create more favorable conditions and foundations for accelerating the construction of a unified national market and releasing new momentum for regional economic development.

On the new journey, promoting coordinated regional development should not only continue to improve the level of economic development in underdeveloped areas, but also take the fundamental interests of the broad masses of the people as the starting point and foothold, and the development thinking should be transformed from paying more attention to the pursuit of "economic prosperity" to paying more attention to the pursuit of "people's happiness," and constantly improve the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security. We must take life as the guide, ecology as the background, and development as the foundation, and continuously improve the living standards and quality of residents to meet the people's needs for a better life.

On the new journey, promoting coordinated regional development should better serve safe development, especially better serve the construction of a new development pattern. Achieving a virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security is an important prerequisite and guarantee for building a new development pattern. To this end, internally, we must give full play to the leading role of central cities, metropolitan areas, and urban agglomerations, and deepen the coordinated and linked development of large cities and surrounding areas to release development potential, vitality, and momentum. Externally, we must rely on China's super-large market advantages, continuously expand high-level opening up, and attract global high-quality resource elements to create favorable conditions for achieving safe development.

(Compiled by Li Qiaochu (栗翘楚), reporter from People's Daily Online)

Case 1

Solving People's Livelihood Problems of "Rooting" Across Regions

Speaker: Liu Jia (刘佳), Deputy Director of the Reform and Development Bureau of Hebei Xiong'an New Area (河北雄安新区)

"If I work and live in another city, can my income level remain the same? What about my children's schooling? Can I keep up with medical resources..." How to solve these cross-provincial livelihood issues that are of general concern to the masses?

In the process of promoting the construction of Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) through the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), we regard livelihood security as a "standard project" designed simultaneously with the plan. Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei ensure that relocated units and personnel can "move in with their bags" to Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) and "come, stay, and live well" through cross-regional policy coordination, service sharing, and resource allocation.

Taking the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) "All-in-One Card" as an example, since the signing of the "Cooperation Framework Agreement on the 'All-in-One Card' for Resident Services of Social Security Cards in Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei" in December 2023, the inter-provincial general use of social security cards in the three places, multi-card use, and the integrated development of online and offline scenarios have been accelerated. Now, 117 million residents of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei only need to hold a social security card to complete medical treatment, medicine purchase, transportation, and cultural experience in the three places.

A series of important documents closely related to the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) region have been issued one after another, which has made more and more people firm in their determination to "root" across regions. Since 2023, Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) has newly introduced 104 second- and third-level subsidiaries of central enterprises, and central enterprises have established more than 300 branches of various types, and more than 4,000 Beijing-sourced enterprises have settled in; in 2024, the number of children of relocated personnel attending school in Xiong'an (雄安) will increase by 89.5% year-on-year... Over the past 8 years, Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) has grown rapidly and has become a vivid footnote to the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) "1+1+1>3".

The integrated transportation network is accelerating its construction, the joint construction and sharing of public services is advancing in depth, and the ecological governance mechanism is becoming increasingly sound... The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) region is moving towards becoming a pioneer and demonstration area for the construction of Chinese-style modernization.

(Compiled by Liu Shihao (刘师豪) and Li Xueqing (李雪晴), reporters from People's Daily Online)

Case 2

Protecting the "Smile" of the Yangtze Finless Porpoise

Speaker: Cheng Wei (程伟), a member of the Fisheries Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment of Ma'anshan (马鞍山), Anhui (安徽)

We, who grew up on the banks of the river, have a special affection for the Yangtze River. When I was a child, my father told me that the grass and trees on the banks of the river, and the fish and shrimps in the river, are all gifts from this mother river. The seeds of protecting the Yangtze River have long been buried in my heart.

In 2020, I joined the Fisheries Administrative Law Enforcement Detachment of Ma'anshan (马鞍山), Anhui (安徽). It was also in this year that the 24th meeting of the 13th National People's Congress Standing Committee passed the "Yangtze River Protection Law of the People's Republic of China."

In our work, my colleagues and I found that in the border area between Ma'anshan (马鞍山) and Nanjing (南京), Jiangsu (江苏), there are many difficulties in law enforcement due to administrative divisions.

How to break regional boundaries and jointly promote the joint protection of the entire life cycle of the Yangtze finless porpoise? On October 24, 2022, the "Decision on Strengthening the Protection of the Yangtze Finless Porpoise" jointly formulated by Ma'anshan (马鞍山) and Nanjing (南京) and Zhenjiang (镇江), Jiangsu (江苏) was officially implemented, improving the upstream and downstream, left and right banks, cross-regional, and cross-departmental collaborative protection system, and jointly protecting the Yangtze finless porpoise. The three cities take the finless porpoise as a link to jointly create a new paradigm of green governance of "sharing the same river and protecting the same finless porpoise."

Our three cities are closely united, and the fishery law enforcement departments have also become a family. So far, we have jointly conducted 6 resource surveys, 1 rescue and protection, and 27 law enforcement supervisions with Nanjing (南京).

The connotation of coordinated regional development is not only the interconnection of economic development, but also the joint governance and protection of the ecological environment. Protecting the "smile" of the Yangtze finless porpoise is not only protecting the Yangtze River, but also protecting the future of high-quality regional development.

(Compiled by Li Ximeng (李希蒙), reporter from People's Daily Online)

Case 3

"Economic Depression" Transforms in Metropolitan Area

Speaker: Wu Qubo (吴曲波), Secretary of the Party Working Committee of the Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone (深汕特别合作区), Guangdong (广东)

On one side is Shenzhen (深圳), where land is at a premium and incremental land is increasingly scarce; on the other side is Shanwei (汕尾), eastern Guangdong (粤东), which is in urgent need of development and has great potential for land development. How to solve the problem of coordinated development with a distance of more than 100 kilometers?

Our answer is: to combine Shanwei's (汕尾) land resource advantages with Shenzhen's (深圳) high-quality industries, technologies, talents, and markets, and cooperate in the field of large industry for mutual benefit and win-win results.

Along Tonggang Avenue (通港大道) in the Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone (深汕特别合作区) to the east, a "golden corridor" of the new energy vehicle industry runs through the cooperation zone, connecting multiple links such as parts production, complete vehicle manufacturing, and export transportation.

We have landed the second phase of the Shenzhen-Shanwei BYD Automobile Industrial Park (深汕比亚迪汽车工业园) complete vehicle project in Xiaomo Street (小漠街道). In just two years, the "barren mountain village" has been transformed into a modern factory building. Anchoring the pillar industry of new energy vehicles, Shenzhen-Shanwei (深汕) has gathered nearly 30 upstream and downstream enterprises such as Jingxi Heavy Industry and Dongfeng Lear, led by leading projects. Relying on Xiaomo International Logistics Port (小漠国际物流港), 9 foreign trade ro-ro routes have been opened to Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Europe, and South America, and more than 50,000 new energy vehicles were exported in 2024.

Not only new energy vehicles, but we have also laid out new energy storage, high-performance materials, intelligent manufacturing equipment, and other industries that are strongly related to it. The cooperation zone has become an important part of the automotive industry map of Shenzhen (深圳) and even Guangdong (广东).

From 2018 to 2024, the gross regional product of the Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone (深汕特别合作区) increased from 3.895 billion yuan to 24.215 billion yuan.

Two-way rush, mutual benefit and win-win. With the continuous deepening of the construction of the Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone (深汕特别合作区), Shanwei (汕尾), the former "economic depression" in eastern Guangdong (粤东), has grown into a modern coastal new area and industrial new city, providing strong impetus for the development of the Shenzhen (深圳) metropolitan area.

(Compiled by Wang Xing (王星) and Liu Senjun (刘森君))

Case 4

Using Data as a Link to Help High-Quality Development

Speaker: Zhu Yun (朱赟), General Manager of China Unicom Zhongwei Cloud Data Center (中国联通中卫云数据中心)
The favorable natural endowment provides a guarantee for the development of the digital economy in Ningxia. Ningxia is located in the geometric center of China's land territory, connecting the market in the east and relying on resources in the west. It is within 2,000 kilometers of major cities and is an important path choice for fiber optic network coverage across the country. The annual average temperature in Ningxia is 8.8 degrees Celsius, and the number of days with excellent air quality throughout the year reaches more than 280 days, which is very suitable for the construction of all-natural air-cooled data centers, which helps companies reduce costs. In addition, the energy reserves here are sufficient, and various energy sources such as coal, wind energy, and solar energy are rich and complementary, and the power supply is sufficient, stable, and the price is favorable.

A series of development advantages have become the reason for many eastern regions and enterprises to "join hands" with Ningxia (宁夏).

In the park of Xiamen Golden Dragon United Automotive Industry Co., Ltd. (福建厦门金龙联合汽车工业有限公司) in Fujian (福建), unmanned security vehicles patrol everywhere. The audio and video, lidar, and millimeter-wave radar data collected in real time by the cloud platform camera on the roof are transmitted to the Zhongwei Cloud Data Center (中卫云数据中心) in Ningxia (宁夏), 2,000 kilometers away, and AI recognition and risk warning can be completed in 100 milliseconds.

More cross-regional cooperation takes "East Data West Computing" as a chain to complete "linkage" on equipment terminals. For example, when you enter a question in a mobile phone APP, cloud computing power can provide answers in a short time, and can also quickly sort out and refine according to the user's personalized needs, saving time and effort.

Today, digital and intelligent applications have covered all aspects of social life, and computing power plays a more important role in production and life. Ningxia's (宁夏) huge computing power is helping the high-quality development of various fields of production and life with a series of data as a link.

(People's Daily (人民网) reporters Li Qiaochu (栗翘楚) and Kuan Rong (宽容) compiled)

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Editors of this page: Bai Zhiyu, Han Chunyao, Wang Donghui

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How can employers afford and effectively run childcare services? (People's Perspective: Building a Universal Childcare Service System ①)

By: 本报记者  强郁文  白光迪  秦瑞杰

Childcare services are related to the healthy growth of infants and young children, and affect the hearts of thousands of families.

The latest data shows that there are approximately 30 million infants and young children under the age of 3 in China, and more than 30% of families with infants and young children have childcare needs, but the actual enrollment rate is only 7.86%.

"Strengthening the construction of an inclusive childcare service system and supporting the development of various models such as childcare services run by employers, community-embedded childcare, and family childcare points" is written into the "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. Not long ago, the "Special Action Plan for Boosting Consumption" issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council proposed to "encourage the development of community-embedded childcare, childcare run by employers, and integrated childcare services."

Various regions and departments are accelerating the improvement of inclusive childcare support policies, continuously increasing the supply of inclusive childcare services, and better meeting the diverse and personalized childcare needs of the people.

What are the advantages of these different models of childcare services, such as childcare run by employers, community-embedded childcare, and family childcare points? What is the level of service? How can we further address shortcomings, optimize services, and achieve better development?

Starting today, the "Reporter Investigation" section will successively launch a series of reports on "Construction of an Inclusive Childcare Service System," so stay tuned.

What is the happiest time of the day?

For Dong Wusong (董武松), it is when he stands outside the window of the childcare center during his lunch break, watching his daughter and other children playing happily.

This childcare center, named "Yixin Angel" (宜心天使), is only a few dozen meters away from the outpatient building of the Central People's Hospital of Yichang (宜昌) City, Hubei (湖北) Province, where Dong Wusong (董武松) works, and it carries the solid happiness of him and many of his colleagues.

"I bring my child to work with me, and take her home after work. During work hours, there are dedicated people to take care of her, so I can work and take care of my child at the same time," Dong Wusong (董武松) said with satisfaction.

Childcare run by employers is an effective way to expand the supply of inclusive childcare. In order to encourage more eligible employers to provide childcare services for their employees, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (中华全国总工会) and the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) have jointly selected National Caring Childcare Employers since 2022, and a total of 3 batches of 300 units have been selected so far.

Recently, reporters visited National Caring Childcare Employers located in Yinchuan (银川), Ningxia (宁夏), Yichang (宜昌), Hubei (湖北), and Yixing (宜兴), Jiangsu (江苏), to see how they are expanding service supply based on the needs of employees and the characteristics of the industry, and providing high-quality childcare services for employees of their own units and nearby residents.

Opening Childcare Classes

Addressing the difficulty of childcare and relieving employees' worries about raising children

Every morning, Dong Wusong's (董武松) nearly 3-year-old daughter always urges him in a childish voice: "Daddy, let's go to work!"

"I didn't expect that going to childcare class has become the thing she looks forward to most every day," Dong Wusong (董武松) said with a smile. As a cardiologist, Dong Wusong (董武松) is "either seeing patients or in surgery, and when he gets busy, he doesn't even have time to eat." His wife works in a pharmaceutical company, and neither of them are from Yichang (宜昌). Their daughter, who attends childcare, is their second child.

Dong Wusong's (董武松) mother passed away early, and the children have always been taken care of by his mother-in-law, but she has to return to her hometown to do farm work during the busy farming season. "When the older child was young, the unit didn't have childcare classes. Whenever my mother-in-law went back to her hometown, my wife and I were often overwhelmed," Dong Wusong (董武松) said.

The Central People's Hospital of Yichang (宜昌) City is a tertiary hospital with approximately 5,300 employees. In recent years, the hospital has increased its efforts to introduce young talents and academic backbones. "Many medical staff come from all over the country, and their parents are not around, so they have difficulties in raising children," said Wei Qingming (魏清明), chairman of the hospital's trade union.

In 2021, the hospital decided to build its own childcare center. "Taking good care of children is as important as doing a good job in business. We want to allow medical staff to focus on treating patients without distraction," Wei Qingming (魏清明) said.

Like the Central People's Hospital of Yichang (宜昌) City, relieving employees' worries is the original intention of many employers to run childcare services.

At 5 p.m., Song Mengying (宋梦莹), an employee of Jiangsu Weifeng Construction and Installation Group Co., Ltd. (江苏伟丰建筑安装集团有限公司) who had just gotten off work, crossed a road and arrived at Xiaoma Kuaipao Growth Center (小马快跑成长中心) in Yixing (宜兴) City, Wuxi (无锡), where the entrance was full of parents picking up their children. "Look, many of the parents are my colleagues," Song Mengying (宋梦莹) said while greeting other parents warmly.

This childcare institution, led by Weifeng Group (伟丰集团), originated from an internal survey within the company.

In 2019, the Weifeng Group (伟丰集团) trade union distributed questionnaires to all employees to understand the practical difficulties they hoped the unit could help solve, and more than 60% of employees mentioned the difficulty of childcare.

In Weifeng Group (伟丰集团), employees aged 20 to 40 account for about half of the total. In the past few years, Huang Yunlan (黄云兰), vice chairman of the group's trade union, often heard colleagues complain that the fees of market-oriented childcare institutions in the local market were high, and the hardware facilities and education quality were not satisfactory. Some key business personnel even proposed to resign because they found it difficult to balance childcare and work.

"The company once tried to issue childcare subsidies to alleviate employees' childcare pressure, but the effect was minimal," Huang Yunlan (黄云兰) introduced. Compared with market-oriented childcare institutions, childcare run by the unit has certain advantages in price. In addition, the convenience of pick-up and drop-off and the peace of mind of parents regarding teachers and accommodation have eliminated employees' hidden worries and effectively avoided the loss of talent due to the difficulty of childcare.

However, the reporter found in the interview that not all employees send their children to the childcare institutions run by the unit. Why is this?

In Yichang (宜昌), high prices are the main constraint. Considering the balance of income and expenditure, the average monthly cost per person in childcare centers run by most employers in Yichang (宜昌) is 2,000 to 2,500 yuan. Several parents told reporters that although this price is lower than most market-oriented childcare institutions, it is still a considerable expense for ordinary employee families with an average monthly salary of 6,000 to 7,000 yuan in the local area. At present, the enrollment rate of children of employees in childcare units in Yichang (宜昌) City exceeds 50%.

In Huang Yunlan's (黄云兰) view, this is also related to factors such as family environment and parenting concepts. "Some employees' parents are retired and have a strong desire to take care of their grandchildren. Some elderly people also have concerns about childcare institutions, worrying that they will not be well taken care of, and tend to take care of their grandchildren at home."

The personalized needs of some parents are also an important reason. "I have a colleague who didn't send her child to Xiaoma Kuaipao Growth Center (小马快跑成长中心) because the curriculum of other childcare institutions is more in line with her requirements," Song Mengying (宋梦莹) said. Some parents will compare the teaching models and curriculum settings of various childcare institutions before choosing their favorite institution.

Huang Yunlan (黄云兰) introduced that in Weifeng Group (伟丰集团), more than 90% of employees who currently have childcare needs send their children to the childcare center of the unit. "We must work with the childcare institution to do this good thing well and live up to the expectations of employees."

Adapting to Local Conditions

Diverse childcare models, "tailor-made" according to the characteristics of the unit

Walking into the Central People's Hospital of Yichang (宜昌) City, passing through the outpatient building and the inpatient department, a pink three-story building comes into view. This is the Yixin Angel Childcare Center (宜心天使托育中心).

The location of the childcare center was originally a equipment warehouse. In 2021, the hospital obtained 1.5 million yuan in special funds, moved the equipment away, and renovated the small building. "The building area of nearly 1,000 square meters is more spacious than ordinary childcare institutions," Wei Qingming (魏清明) said.

With a venue, there is also a need for talent. In 2021, the hospital arranged for the then head nurse of the pediatrics department to take the lead in preparing for the establishment of the childcare center, and Sun Yajuan (孙亚娟), a pediatric nurse, participated from that time on. She first went to childcare institutions in Wuhan (武汉) and other places to observe and learn, and then worked as an intern in a childcare institution in Yichang (宜昌) for 1 month. The hospital also hired a preschool education expert from Shenzhen (深圳), Guangdong (广东), and recruited 6 kindergarten teachers and caregivers to be responsible for the daily work of the childcare center.

However, there are not many units that have all the conditions such as venues, funds, and talents like the Central People's Hospital of Yichang (宜昌) City. Running childcare services independently faces a series of problems such as construction, operation, and management.

"Units that run childcare services independently need to ensure that the venues meet the safety standards for infant and young children's activities, and the renovation costs are high; the salaries and training costs of professional caregivers are long-term, and because childcare services have public welfare attributes, it is difficult to cover operating costs relying solely on the enrollment of children of unit employees, resulting in greater financial pressure," said Ji Nan (季楠), deputy director of the Yinchuan (银川) Municipal Health Commission, frankly. "The dispersed and diverse needs of employees are also a problem."

Ji Nan (季楠) explained that small and medium-sized units have a small number of children of employees and their age distribution is uneven, and running childcare services independently can easily lead to idle resources and losses; although large units have concentrated demand, if the mobility of employees is high, the stability of childcare run by the unit is difficult to guarantee. In addition, childcare services involve multi-dimensional management of safety, health, education, etc., and most units lack experience and worry that management oversights will lead to disputes.

In order to help employers unload their operating and ideological burdens, Yinchuan (银川) encourages units to flexibly carry out childcare services through methods such as "purchasing services" and "entrusting operations" to reduce independent operating pressure. "As of now, there are 197 childcare institutions in Yinchuan (银川), including 17 run by units, all of which adopt a cooperative approach with institutions," Ji Nan (季楠) said.

Yinchuan Fangjiaoshi Early Childcare Center (银川方角石早托中心) is one of them. In this early childcare center, Ma Binhe (马彬赫), who is more than two years old, eats all the food in his bowl spoonful by spoonful under the guidance of the caregiver. Ma Binhe's (马彬赫) changes after enrolling in the childcare center for several months have made his mother, Yang Bei (杨蓓), very happy. "In the past, the child was always taken care of by his grandparents. At home, he often threw plates and cried, and no one listened to him." Yang Bei (杨蓓) is a teacher at Yinchuan Jingbo School (银川景博学校) and is usually busy with work, so she can only entrust her child to her elders, but the difference in educational concepts between the two generations is large, and family conflicts occur from time to time. "The school has jointly run a childcare class with Fangjiaoshi Early Childcare Center (方角石早托中心), and we are very relieved that the child is taken care of by professional caregivers."

Tian Liping (田丽萍), chairman of the trade union of Yinchuan Jingbo School (银川景博学校), recalled that considering that independent childcare requires a large investment of funds and high management difficulty, the school took the initiative to contact Ningxia Fangjiaoshi Early Childcare Education Information Consulting Co., Ltd. (宁夏方角石早托育儿教育信息咨询有限公司), the first childcare institution in Yinchuan (银川) to be registered by the health department, to provide services for faculty and staff.

In 2021, Yinchuan Jingbo School (银川景博学校) held a faculty and staff representative conference to discuss the cooperation plan with Fangjiaoshi Company (方角石公司) and decided to adopt the method of "capital injection in exchange for discounts": As a private school, the Jingbo School (景博学校) trade union invested 60,000 yuan and obtained nearly 200,000 yuan in special subsidies from the higher-level school-running unit to entrust Fangjiaoshi Company (方角石公司) to open the "Jingbo Caring Childcare Class" (景博爱心托育班). Fangjiaoshi Company (方角石公司) then gave concessions, providing childcare services for infants and young children aged 0 to 3 to the school's faculty and staff at a lower price.

"Our market price is about 4,800 yuan per month, and the price of the 'Jingbo Caring Childcare Class' (景博爱心托育班) is more than half lower," Liang Chunyuan (梁春园), executive director of Fangjiaoshi Early Childcare Center (方角石早托中心), told reporters that the early childcare center can accept low prices, in addition to the capital injection subsidy from Jingbo School (景博学校), more importantly, the "Caring Class" provides a stable source of students for the early childcare center.

Liang Chunyuan (梁春园) said that in Yinchuan (银川), the peak and off-seasons of childcare institution operations are obvious. "It is cold in winter, and young children have weak resistance and are prone to illness, so some parents are unwilling to let their children go out." Liang Chunyuan (梁春园) introduced that the number of people in childcare during the off-season is less than half of that during the peak season, but the costs of caregiver salaries, venue rent, etc. do not have peak and off-seasons.

After the two parties "joined hands," including full-day care and half-day care, the "Caring Class" had 19 children last year, and 13 new children have been added this year. The children of faculty and staff of Jingbo School (景博学校) who have needs have all been enrolled.

"Although the average cost per person is not high, there are many enrolled children, which can help us share operating costs, killing two birds with one stone," Liang Chunyuan (梁春园) said. In 2023, Jingbo School (景博学校) was named a National Caring Childcare Employer, and the 150,000 yuan in funding subsidies it received were injected into Fangjiaoshi Company (方角石公司) in batches as subsequent funding for the childcare class.

For many childcare institutions run by units, it is difficult to maintain a balance of income and expenditure relying solely on the enrollment of children of employees, and it is necessary to enroll students in the market at the same time. "External students account for 85% of our total students," said Yue Guiying (岳桂英), head of Yixing Xiaoma Kuaipao Growth Center (宜兴市小马快跑成长中心).

Xiaoma Kuaipao Growth Center (小马快跑成长中心) was invested more than 4 million yuan by Weifeng Group (伟丰集团), and Shanghai Xiaoma Kuaipao Investment Management Co., Ltd. (上海小马快跑投资管理有限公司) was invited to transform a warehouse of the group into the center. The daily operation is also the responsibility of Xiaoma Kuaipao Company (小马快跑公司).

Stepping into the growth center, the soft colors of the walls are warm and natural, and the children's graffiti and handicrafts are hung on the walls; in the classroom on the second floor, whiteboards, bouncy balls and other teaching aids are dazzling; in the rest area on the third floor, small beds are neatly arranged, and in the free activity area, there are slides, building blocks, seesaws and everything else...

"The two parties fully discussed the details of the cooperation and each showed their strengths," Huang Yunlan (黄云兰) said. The group is responsible for optimizing hardware facilities and controlling the direction of operation; Xiaoma Kuaipao (小马快跑) proposes plans for decoration design, curriculum setting, and teaching aid purchase to ensure that the transformation is standardized, child-friendly, and the operation is professional.

"In recent years, the growth center has attracted more and more external students to join, and the institution now has an annual revenue of more than 900,000 yuan, basically achieving a balance of income and expenditure," Yue Guiying (岳桂英) said.

Expanding and Improving

Optimizing and enriching service supply and enhancing the attractiveness of childcare run by units

Taking a turn around the Yixin Angel Childcare Center (宜心天使托育中心), you can see the weekly nutrition menu posted on both sides of the corridor, the game room is covered with non-slip floor mats, and the corners of the stairs are equipped with anti-collision soft packs...

"Not long ago, one of my colleagues received a call from the childcare center saying that her child was injured while playing. As soon as the phone was hung up, she received a video on her phone showing the caregiver holding the child and jogging to the emergency room," Dong Wusong (董武松) said. Although he is a doctor, when he gets busy with work, he can only let the elderly take the child to the hospital when he is sick. "For them, going to the hospital is like walking in a maze, and I am not at ease with either the old or the young. If the child is in the childcare center, he can quickly go to the hospital if he has a headache or fever, which is much more reassuring."

"The advantage of childcare run by units is that they understand the needs of employees better and can work hard on operational flexibility and targeting," Sun Yajuan (孙亚娟) remembers that at the beginning of running the childcare center, she often "lurked" into the hospital cafeteria, changing rooms, etc. with a notebook to listen to employees' demands.

In order to match the working hours of medical staff, Yixin Angel Childcare Center (宜心天使托育中心) opens at 7:30 in the morning and closes at 6:00 in the evening, which is longer than the operating hours of ordinary childcare institutions. "If some medical staff have temporary surgery and don't have time to pick up their children, we will specially arrange a teacher on duty to accompany them until their parents come to pick them up," Sun Yajuan (孙亚娟) introduced. The childcare center also recruits volunteers from the entire hospital to take turns accompanying new children entering the center to alleviate their separation anxiety.

In June 2023, after learning that many parents had holiday care needs, Yixin Angel Childcare Center (宜心天使托育中心) decided to add holiday classes to take in children over 3 years old. "During the summer vacation, there were nearly 100 children here, it was so lively." Recalling the scene at that time, Sun Yajuan (孙亚娟) couldn't help but smile.

Coincidentally, Yixing Xiaoma Kuaipao Growth Center (宜兴市小马快跑成长中心) also has many children aged 3 to 6.

"We found in the survey that many employees' children are aged 3 to 6. Although they have exceeded the age of enrollment, they still have care needs. In addition, as the number of children of enrollment age decreases, we are also happy to see the emergence of a new form of 'integrated childcare and kindergarten' to expand the scope of students and supplement income sources," Huang Yunlan (黄云兰) said.

In 2022, Wuxi (无锡) City issued the "Opinions on Further Promoting the Construction and Development of Integrated Childcare and Kindergarten," encouraging the coordinated integration of resources from both childcare and kindergarten to connect the care and education of infants and young children aged 0 to 6.

Fingers stroking plasticine, toes stepping on plastic cloth bags filled with beans, several babies are guided by teachers to feel the magic of touch. This is an enlightenment class for children under 10 months old at Xiaoma Kuaipao Growth Center (小马快跑成长中心).

"Using real objects and teaching aids to let children experience the texture of various items can enhance children's sensory integration ability," Dai Yun (戴筠), the course teacher, told reporters that the growth center divides children aged 0 to 6 into 9 educational stages, and different stages offer different enlightenment courses. "The entire course has designed more than 5,000 kinds of teaching aids, and interactive teaching is carried out on the basis of respecting children's nature."
"The development of the Growth Center is led by Weifeng Group (伟丰集团). We continuously optimize the teaching curriculum based on employee feedback," said Huang Yunlan (黄云兰).

"With the child here, not only is their physical well-being well taken care of, but their intellectual development is also timely, which is conducive to the transition between the childcare stage and the kindergarten stage. My colleagues are very satisfied." In a recent physical examination, the pediatrician told Song Mengying (宋梦莹) that her child showed excellent performance in many aspects such as language expression and physical coordination, which made her very gratified.

As the cooperation between employers and entrusted childcare institutions deepens, the latter is trying to further expand the market.

Liang Chunyuan (梁春园) revealed to reporters that Fangjiaoshi Early Childcare Center (方角石早托中心) is negotiating cooperation with some employers. "The other party can purchase services and entrust us to run childcare classes; or build their own childcare center, which we will be responsible for operating. We can also provide services such as 'delivery to the door' to meet more personalized needs of employer employees."

Although a final cooperation intention has not yet been reached, Liang Chunyuan (梁春园) is very confident: "Diversified cooperation models will enrich the supply of childcare services, which will not only expand the living space of childcare institutions, but also help solve the problem of employers independently running childcare facilities."

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Editors of this page: Yang Yan, Sun Zhen, Dai Linfeng, Liu Yurui

Layout Design: Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)

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New Business Models Sprout in the Depths of the Desert (Beautiful China)

By: 本报记者 蒋云龙

Core Reading

Over a dozen years, more than 3 million people have participated, planting 260 million trees, and constructing 1.176 million mu of desertification control projects, including 460,000 mu of shelter forests... Through unremitting efforts, Makit County (麦盖提县), Xinjiang (新疆) has developed desert tourism into an important industry driving county economic growth by managing, protecting, and developing the desert.

"When I was a child, my dream was to leave Makit and stay away from the Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠)," said Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提).

This girl, born in 2001 in Makit County (麦盖提县), Kashgar Prefecture (喀什地区), Xinjiang (新疆), recalls the spring in her memory—little greenery, a yellowish haze, dust both indoors and outdoors, and always a taste of sand in her mouth.

After graduating from university, Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提) worked in Ningbo (宁波), Zhejiang (浙江). In February 2024, she returned to Makit (麦盖提). The changes in her hometown made her decide to stay and work.

"Returning to my hometown again, I now know that we can manage, develop, and utilize the Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) well," said Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提).

Planting Trees and Creating Forests, Desertification Control Project Area Exceeds One Million Mu

Makit County (麦盖提县) is surrounded on three sides by the Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠), with the desert area accounting for about 90% of the county's total area.

On the road from the county seat to the Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠), large stretches of green trees line both sides of the road for dozens of kilometers. This is Makit's (麦盖提) shelter forest, and also part of the 3,046-kilometer-long Taklamakan Green Sand Barrier Project (塔克拉玛干绿色阻沙防护带工程).

Since 2012, Makit County (麦盖提县) has mobilized the entire region, with more than 3 million people participating, building 1.176 million mu of desertification control projects, including 460,000 mu of shelter forests, and planting 260 million trees such as Xinjiang poplar (新疆杨), *Wen Guan Guo*, Euphrates poplar (胡杨), sand jujube (沙枣), red willow (红柳), and *Suo Suo*.

"The Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) is no longer the way it was when I was a child," Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提) exclaimed.

"Many tourists from other places want to experience the desert and enjoy in-depth desert tours," said Wang Jiangpeng (汪江鹏), Deputy Director of the Culture, Sports, Radio, Television, and Tourism Bureau of Makit County (麦盖提县文化体育广播电视和旅游局). By upgrading infrastructure and improving tourism facilities, the local desert tour's reputation has greatly increased, and its reception capacity has also improved.

"Last year, we received 400,000 tourists, and this year we expect to receive 500,000 tourists. Desert tourism is growing into an important industry driving county economic growth," said Wang Jiangpeng (汪江鹏).

Seeing the changes in the Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) and hearing the good news about the county's development of desert tourism, Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提) was moved. She stayed in her hometown and joined a tourism development company, responsible for leading tourists to experience tourism projects deep in the Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠).

Developing Cultural Tourism, Developing Various Experience Projects Deep in the Desert

"In the past, there were also tourists who came to Makit (麦盖提), but at that time we had almost no tourism facilities. Tourists could only look at the desert from the edge and leave after taking a few photos," said Wang Jiangpeng (汪江鹏). "With the support of various parties, the tourist reception center and distribution center in the desert scenic area have been built and put into use, and the development prospects of the cultural tourism industry are broad."

"Building a road that can enter the desert is very important," said Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提). The edge of the desert is a vast expanse of Euphrates poplar forest, not very dense but widely distributed. In order not to damage the Euphrates poplar forest, repeated surveys were conducted before the road was built. Finally, the road was winding like a snake, connecting the camp with the scenic area gate.

With the road built, there were more construction projects. In addition to building a tourist reception center, the scenic area also developed projects such as desert surfing and off-road experiences, built 2 viewing platforms and a 50,000-square-meter parking lot, as well as camps and hotels deep in the desert.

The local desert tourist scenic area is adjacent to the Millennium Euphrates Poplar Forest Park (千年胡杨森林公园) and the Xinjiang Makit Tangwang Lake National Wetland Park (新疆麦盖提唐王湖国家湿地公园).

"Tourism development cannot affect the desert ecology. We have implemented corresponding measures from the beginning," said Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提). While introducing water, electricity, and providing internet, a sewage treatment station and garbage collection station are also located not far from the camp to ensure that garbage and sewage are not left in the desert.

Picking up a handful of fine sand and sprinkling it on her pants, shaking it a few times, the pants are as clean as new. "The sand here is very clean, we must protect it," said Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提).

Driving Income Growth, Exploring a Path Combining Desertification Control and Wealth

Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提), who grew up on the edge of the desert, never knew that the desert would be so lively.

In the peak season, tourists mostly arrive in the evening. After experiencing desert off-road vehicles and other projects, they go to the camp to enjoy local songs and dances and experience making *nang* (馕, a type of flatbread). After dinner, they look up at the starry sky. The next morning, tourists get up early to watch the desert sunrise from the top of the dunes.

In the off-season, the camp is not lonely either. The Euphrates poplars in the yellow sand grow tender green branches, and Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提) has "received" adorable jerboas and fluffy little foxes. Once, a colleague excitedly told her that they saw a goitered gazelle appear next to the camp.

"Desert tourism is a rich mine. As China's largest desert, by implementing 'desertification control + industry + employment + tourism', the Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) will welcome more and more tourists," introduced Wang Faqiang (王法强), Deputy Secretary of the Makit County (麦盖提县委) Committee and Secretary of the Rizhao City (日照市) Aid-Xinjiang Work Command (援疆工作指挥部党委书记).

"For Makit (麦盖提), desert tourism, while providing employment opportunities and increasing people's income, provides a feasible solution for the Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) containment project, just like the million-mu windbreak and sand-fixation forest. By managing the desert, protecting the desert, and developing the desert, we have explored a development path that combines desertification control and wealth," said Wang Faqiang (王法强).

Reyihan Aihetti (热衣汗·艾海提) said: "Now I find that the boundless desert is the fertile ground for us to start our business."

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The Third Round, Fourth Batch of Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspections Have All Been Stationed

This newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 29th (Reporter Kou Jiangze (寇江泽)) On the 28th, the mobilization meeting of the Second Central Ecological and Environmental Protection Inspection Team for its inspection of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) was held in Hohhot (呼和浩特), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古). All eight central ecological and environmental protection inspection teams of the fourth batch of the third round have now completed their inspection postings.

At the mobilization meeting for the postings, the leaders of each inspection team pointed out the need to coordinate river basin inspections and provincial inspections, promote new progress in ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin (黄河流域), urge central enterprises to establish and improve ecological and environmental protection management systems and responsibility systems, take the lead and set an example in promoting high-quality development, promote the green and low-carbon transformation of economic and social development, promote significant improvements in ecological environment quality, and achieve remarkable results in the construction of a Beautiful China.

The fourth batch of the third round of central ecological and environmental protection inspections has established eight inspection teams to conduct inspections in five provinces (autonomous regions) of Shanxi (山西), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), Shandong (山东), Shaanxi (陕西), and Ningxia (宁夏), and at the same time conduct inspections of three central enterprises: China Huaneng Group Co., Ltd. (中国华能集团有限公司), China Datang Corporation Ltd. (中国大唐集团有限公司), and State Power Investment Corporation Limited (国家电力投资集团有限公司).

According to work arrangements, the posting time for the fourth batch of the third round of central ecological and environmental protection inspections is one month. During the posting period, each inspection team will set up a special duty telephone and postal mailbox to accept letters, calls, and visits reporting ecological and environmental protection issues from the inspected entities. The reporting telephone will be open from 8:00 to 20:00 every day. All members of the inspection team will strictly implement discipline requirements and accept supervision from the inspected entities and society. In subsequent work, they will strictly implement relevant central requirements, further reduce the burden on grassroots levels, simplify procedures, optimize processes, and continuously improve the accuracy and pertinence of inspection work to ensure the orderly and effective completion of inspection tasks.

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Why are endangered plants so common? (Telling you about nature)

By: 杨 静

Dawn Redwood, ginkgo, metasequoia... commonly seen endangered plants in life are obtained through artificial breeding. Having a large artificial population does not mean that plants are no longer "endangered."

The International Day for Biological Diversity just passed, and several achievements in biodiversity conservation were announced. It is understood that more than 100 species of endangered wild plants in China are currently under rescue protection.

Yew, ginkgo, and metasequoia are all endangered plants. Some may ask, why are yews in residential areas, ginkgo trees planted by the roadside, and metasequoia trees by the lake so common if they are endangered plants? In fact, these commonly seen endangered plants in life have a common characteristic: they are all artificially bred rather than naturally propagated. It is only because their wild populations or the number of individuals under natural conditions is scarce that scientists evaluate them as endangered plants based on their wild distribution.

At present, China has realized the artificial breeding of endangered plants such as ginkgo, metasequoia, *Davidia involucrata*, and *Podocarpus macrophyllus*, cultivated large artificial populations, and given play to their landscape or ecological functions.

Some endangered plants are suitable for survival in special habitats, and artificial breeding helps to solve the problem of the lack of greening tree species in special areas. For example, *Firmiana major* in the Jinsha River (金沙江) valley is drought-tolerant and barren-resistant. If mass artificial propagation is achieved, it can become an important greening tree species in the dry-hot river valley area. Scientists have established experimental bases in arid areas to study its application effects through small-scale cultivation. At the same time, as a native tree species, *Firmiana major* can not only be used for greening but also provide shelter for animals, and its fruits can also be used as food for squirrels.

It is worth noting that although endangered plants have a large artificial population, it does not mean that these plants are no longer "endangered." Ginkgo and metasequoia have a limited wild distribution range, a small number of wild populations, and a lack of genetic diversity. Once extreme climates or infectious pests and diseases occur, they may face the risk of extinction. Therefore, the state includes endangered plants in the list of key protected species to protect their wild populations, which can not only protect endangered plants themselves but also protect the ecosystems on which endangered plants depend.

In addition, although artificial breeding is an important way to protect endangered plants, artificial breeding alone is far from enough to protect endangered plants. China has adopted a variety of methods, such as collecting seeds from wild populations and storing them in seed banks, ex-situ conservation of wild individuals, and establishing endangered protected areas or protected communities, to protect their wild populations and the habitats on which they depend.

(The author is an associate researcher at the Kunming Institute of Botany (中国科学院昆明植物研究所) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), interviewed and compiled by Yang Wenming (杨文明), a reporter from this newspaper)

Email for topic clues: rmrbstb@peopledaily.cn

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China Southern Power Grid Guangdong Power Grid Company Continues to Promote "Gas-to-Electricity" Project, Comprehensively Expanding the Breadth and Depth of Electricity Substitution

Today, in Foshan (佛山), Guangdong (广东) Province, as the "electricity replacing gas bottles" initiative is being steadily advanced, traditional bottled liquefied petroleum gas stoves are being replaced by safe, efficient, and energy-saving electric stoves. Many merchants in the market can not only produce safely but also effectively reduce costs. The steady implementation of the "electricity replacing gas bottles" initiative is inseparable from the full support of China Southern Power Grid Guangdong Power Grid Corporation (南方电网广东电网公司) (referred to as "Guangdong Power Grid" (广东电网)). Currently, Guangdong Power Grid (广东电网) is deeply integrated into various industries, fully promoting electricity substitution, and contributing to the green and beautiful ecological construction of Guangdong (广东). From January to April 2025, Guangdong Power Grid (广东电网) completed 15.016 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity substitution, equivalent to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 14.9713 million tons. If calculated based on a tree absorbing 18.3 kilograms of carbon dioxide per year, it is equivalent to planting 818 million trees.

Piloting "Electricity Replacing Gas Bottles" to Help Green Travel with Over 16,000 Charging Piles

Relying on the "electricity replacing gas bottles" initiative, Guangdong Power Grid (广东电网) is committed to promoting the deep integration of people's livelihood safety, green development, and electricity substitution. The "electricity replacing gas bottles" project of China Southern Power Grid Guangdong Foshan Power Supply Bureau (南方电网广东佛山供电局) has opened a green channel, providing "one-stop" power services covering electricity application, design services, construction and installation, and after-sales service, fully meeting customers' electricity needs. At the same time, it strengthens cooperation with the government to promote electromagnetic stoves, electric stoves, and other products required for "electricity replacing gas bottles" to be included in the "renovation" subsidy product catalog for home decoration kitchens and bathrooms, enjoying trade-in subsidies, so that the "electricity replacing gas bottles" policy benefits more users. Since the beginning of this year, 33 merchants and 27 construction sites in Foshan (佛山) City have completed the "electricity replacing gas bottles" transformation.

The "electricity replacing gas bottles" project is in full swing, and rural charging stations are also springing up like mushrooms after rain across the land of Southern Guangdong (南粤大地), becoming a vivid footnote to Guangdong Power Grid's (广东电网) development of green energy in different scenarios. Panlongwan Hot Spring Resort (盘龙湾温泉度假村), located in the Nanyang Mountain area (南阳山区) of Puning (普宁) City, Jieyang (揭阳) City, Guangdong Province (广东省), is a super-large comprehensive tourist resort in eastern Guangdong (粤东) Province. China Southern Power Grid (南方电网) has built the Hualiao Public Charging Station (华寮公共充电站) for it, which greatly facilitates the charging of self-driving tourists. In Puning (普宁), there are 15 charging stations like the Hualiao Public Charging Station (华寮公共充电站) built on the "last mile" of the countryside. It is expected that this year, China Southern Power Grid Guangdong Jieyang Puning Power Supply Bureau (南方电网广东揭阳普宁供电局) will complete the layout and construction of charging facilities in 9 typical villages of the "Hundred Counties, Thousand Towns, Ten Thousand Villages" high-quality development project, achieving "full coverage of charging facilities in towns and interconnected villages." As of May 20, Guangdong Power Grid (广东电网) operates 16,242 charging piles in 1,033 towns and townships, including 218 superchargers, allowing new energy vehicles to drive farther and smoother in the vast mountains and countryside.

Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction by Industry, Sprinting Towards the Goal of 41 Billion Kilowatt-Hours of Electricity Substitution

In the early morning, in Zhaoxin Village (昭信村), Baijiao Town (白蕉镇), Doumen District (斗门区), Zhuhai (珠海) City, Guangdong Province (广东省), fish pond farmers lightly tap their mobile phones, and the newly installed intelligent oxygenator immediately starts to operate, and layers of ripples appear on the water surface. Electrified equipment such as intelligent oxygenators can precisely control the dissolved oxygen content and improve the survival rate of fish fry.

As the "Hometown of Chinese Seabass" (中国海鲈之乡), electrified equipment is widely used among aquaculture farmers in Baijiao Town (白蕉镇). Combined with the intelligent temperature control system of cold chain logistics, the fresh Baijiao seabass can be quickly transported to the national market. China Southern Power Grid Guangdong Zhuhai Doumen Power Supply Bureau (南方电网广东珠海斗门供电局) customizes "one pond, one policy" electricity consumption plans according to the actual needs of each fish pond, monitors the power load in concentrated aquaculture areas in real time, and improves the electricity consumption experience and reliability of aquaculture farmers in all aspects by building dual-circuit power supply and adding transformers.

Not only in agricultural fields such as aquaculture, but also in the industrial field, Guangdong Power Grid (广东电网) is also accelerating the promotion of energy-using equipment with advanced and energy-saving levels of energy efficiency. Aolange Company (奥斓格公司) is located in Waisha Street (外砂街道), Longhu District (龙湖区), Shantou (汕头) City, Guangdong Province (广东省). Its knitted sweaters are sold to European and American markets through cross-border e-commerce. Aiming at the pain points of Aolange Company's (奥斓格公司) high energy consumption, high cost, and high environmental protection pressure of fuel boilers, China Southern Power Grid Guangdong Shantou Longhu Waisha Power Supply Station (南方电网广东汕头龙湖外砂供电所) tailored an electricity substitution plan for it to help the company conduct cost-benefit analysis. After the steam boiler transformation was completed, Aolange Company (奥斓格公司) achieved zero pollutant emissions in the production process, increased thermal efficiency by 18%, and reduced operation and maintenance costs by 30%.

Guangdong Power Grid (广东电网) formulates differentiated promotion plans according to the industrial differences in rural areas. In light industrial industry clusters, it focuses on promoting technologies such as electric steam supply and electric drying. In heavy industrial industry clusters, it focuses on promoting technologies such as electric kilns and electric melting furnaces. Guangdong Power Grid (广东电网) promotes Guangdong Midea Refrigeration Equipment Co., Ltd. (广东美的制冷设备有限公司) to use electric kilns in Shunde District (顺德区), Foshan (佛山) City, strengthens the company's all-electric upgrading and transformation, and promotes the use of electric melting furnace technology in the hardware machinery industry in areas such as Shichong Village (石涌村), Hengli Town (横沥镇), Dongguan (东莞) City, to improve the production efficiency and product quality of rural industrial manufacturing, and inject strong impetus into the green and efficient development of the local industrial economy.

In the next step, Guangdong Power Grid (广东电网) will further strengthen government-enterprise linkage, comprehensively expand the breadth and depth of electricity substitution, and strive to promote the government or industry to issue special plans for electricity substitution and establish and improve long-term mechanisms. At the same time, it will accelerate the promotion of electricity substitution in key areas such as industry, transportation, construction, rural agriculture, and life services, and strive to achieve an electricity substitution volume of no less than 41 billion kilowatt-hours throughout the year, providing strong support for the high-quality economic and social development of Guangdong (广东).

Data source: China Southern Power Grid Guangdong Power Grid Corporation (南方电网广东电网公司)

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Editor(s) for this page: Zhang Ye, Yang Xiaoyu, He Yuche

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Solid foundation of public support; promising future development.

By: 本报记者  强  薇  张晓东  李欣怡

In recent days, the International Department of the People's Daily (人民日报) and the Global Times Research Institute jointly released the "Common Home: Public Opinion Survey Report on the Development Vision of SCO Member States." The report shows that the people of the member states widely recognize the "Shanghai Spirit" and the important initiative of "Five Common Homes," affirm the positive role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in global governance and other aspects, and most respondents believe that China's development experience is worth learning from by other SCO countries, and are full of expectations for deepening cooperation in various fields between countries.

This public opinion poll was conducted in the 10 official member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. From March 31 to May 8, more than 5,700 valid questionnaires in 11 languages, including Chinese, English, Russian, Persian, Urdu, and Kazakh, were collected. The report comprehensively reflects the spectrum of public opinion under diverse cultural backgrounds, and provides a solid public opinion coordinate system for promoting the construction of a closer SCO community with a shared future.

凝聚共同价值  各领域合作成果丰硕

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation takes the "Shanghai Spirit" of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development as its fundamental guideline, and contributes "SCO strength" to promoting the construction of a more just and reasonable global governance system. Under the current international situation, the SCO, as an important force for maintaining regional security, promoting common development, and improving global governance, is constantly increasing its influence and attractiveness. The survey data shows that more than 80% of respondents recognize the positive role of the SCO in global governance, among which the role of "maintaining world security" received the most recognition (52%), followed by "promoting global development" (49%) and "promoting economic globalization" (47%).

Over the past 24 years, the SCO has continuously deepened cooperation in the political, security, economic, and cultural fields, providing broad space and strong support for the development of its member states, bringing many practical benefits to the people of the region, and becoming an important platform for member states to enhance their international influence and achieve development and progress. Nearly 70% of respondents agree that their country has gained more opportunities to participate in global governance within the SCO framework, more than 60% agree that the SCO has promoted their country's sustainable development and modernization process, and more than 70% have positive expectations that the SCO can contribute to regional and even global development and cooperation.

"At present, global challenges are emerging one after another, and all parties need to work together to address them. The concept of the 'Shanghai Spirit' is even more important today," said Vasily Shurov, Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the Russian newspaper "Labor". He said that the SCO conforms to the trend of the times and will surely continue to develop and grow with the joint efforts of all member states, injecting more certainty and positive energy into maintaining world peace and development.

Aisultan Kulishmanov, Editor-in-Chief of Kazakhstan's Tengri News, said that the survey results show that more than 80% of respondents support the important initiative of "building a common home of unity and mutual trust, peace and tranquility, prosperity and development, good-neighborliness and friendship, and fairness and justice," which fully proves that peace, friendship, and cooperation are the common expectations of the people of the member states.

Deng Hao (邓浩), former Secretary-General of the China Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Research Center, said that the SCO advocates and actively practices the advanced concept with the "Shanghai Spirit" as its core, which transcends Cold War thinking, always adheres to and promotes "dialogue instead of confrontation, and partnership instead of alliance," and works with all parties to build a new type of international relations, providing new wisdom, new solutions, and new paths for how countries should interact and cooperate after the Cold War and how international organizations should operate, playing an increasingly important role in maintaining regional stability, promoting regional development, and global governance.

认可中国作用  携手促进共同发展

This year is the "China Year" of the SCO. As an important founding member, since joining the SCO, China has actively carried out practical cooperation with other SCO member states in the fields of economy and trade, infrastructure construction, modern agriculture, and energy, sharing China's development concepts and governance solutions with an open attitude, sharing China's development opportunities and practical achievements, and promoting the common development of member states.

The survey data shows that 95% of respondents believe that China's development experience is worth learning from by their own country; and 95% of respondents agree that cooperation with China can bring positive effects to their country's development and modernization, among which "promoting trade facilitation" received the most recognition (43%), followed by "improving agricultural technology level" (40%), "promoting high-tech development" (40%), "improving infrastructure construction" (38%), and "helping rural poverty alleviation and poverty reduction" (37%).

In recent years, China has built bridges and platforms for exchanges, dialogue, mutual learning, and mutual understanding among different civilizations of member states by holding various activities, promoting mutual understanding and affinity among the people. The data shows that the proportion of public opinion favoring youth exchange activities held by China within the SCO framework is 87% overall, 90% of respondents hope to visit China in the future, and more than 70% hope to travel to China.

Umed Babakhanov, founder and editor-in-chief of Tajikistan's "Asia-Plus" Media Group, listened carefully to the released public opinion survey results and believed that the "high degree of affirmation" of China's development experience by the Tajik people is very objective. He said: "Tajikistan has always maintained good-neighborly friendship and mutually beneficial cooperation with China, and I hope that we can continue to maintain and elevate the friendly relations between the two countries to a new height."

Alexey Zubok, Editor-in-Chief of Russia's Red Line Television, said that Red Line Television pays close attention to China's development trends, introduces China's experience, development achievements, and the cooperation between Russia and China within the SCO framework to the Russian people, and also allows the Russian people to understand the lives of the Chinese people by broadcasting Chinese TV programs, which are very popular locally.

Yang Jin (杨进), Deputy Director of the Central Asia and Caucasus Research Office of the Russian, Eastern European and Central Asian Institute of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (中国社会科学院), said that China's development provides opportunities for other member states, such as promoting regional connectivity and trade facilitation through high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative. China's experience in infrastructure construction, agricultural technology, high-tech development, and poverty reduction has been widely recognized by all parties, and future cooperation can be further deepened in these areas to promote the common development and modernization process of all parties.

奔向美好未来  构建上合命运共同体

Over the years, the influence, cohesion, and appeal of the "SCO big family" have continued to increase. All parties have continuously deepened practical cooperation in the fields of political security, connectivity, economic and trade investment, green development, and cultural exchanges within the SCO framework, and actively promoted cooperation in cutting-edge fields such as the digital economy and artificial intelligence. More than 90% of respondents expect member states to further strengthen cooperation in economy, technology, security, and cultural exchanges within the SCO framework.

In order to accelerate the process of regional economic integration, all parties actively promote the implementation of member states to expand the share of local currency settlement and actively promote the preparation for the establishment of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation financing platform. The support rate for SCO countries to expand the share of local currency payment and settlement among the people of member states reached 72%. This data reflects the desire of member states to further enhance the stability and autonomy of their economies and enhance the influence and voice of the SCO on the international economic stage by deepening financial cooperation.

Yang Jin (杨进) said that SCO countries have broad prospects for cooperation in the fields of poverty reduction, digital economy, energy, and agriculture. Deng Hao (邓浩) said that at present, the expectations and hopes of the people of member states for the SCO are stronger and more urgent, and they expect member states to unite sincerely, strengthen cooperation, overcome difficulties together, and ultimately achieve win-win cooperation and common development.

"As a dialogue partner of the SCO, Turkey continues to expand exchanges and cooperation with SCO countries, deepen mutual understanding, and jointly maintain regional peace, stability, and prosperity," said Necdet Ozcelik, International News Editor of Turkey's Hurriyet Daily News. "Multi-field cooperation allows SCO countries to better cope with international challenges and achieve common development. I hope that the SCO can further strengthen cooperation in the fields of media and youth in the future to help bridge differences and promote mutual understanding among the people."

Yu Yunquan (于运全), Deputy Director of China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration, said that this public opinion survey provides important inspiration for all parties, and he looks forward to strengthening exchanges among media, think tanks, cultural institutions, enterprises, etc. of various countries in the future to explain SCO propositions, gather SCO consensus, and send out SCO voices, so as to contribute to building a closer SCO community with a shared future.

(Global Times reporters Yi Jia (易佳) and Liu Siyin (刘斯尹) also contributed to this article)

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Building a More Cohesive and Prosperous ASEAN (International Perspective)

By: 本报记者  章念生  刘  慧  曹师韵

From May 26th to 27th, the 46th ASEAN Summit was held in Kuala Lumpur (吉隆坡), Malaysia (马来西亚). With the theme of "Inclusiveness and Sustainability," this ASEAN Summit focused on strengthening regional integration and enhancing the ability to withstand trade risks. The participants conducted in-depth discussions on a series of important issues such as trade and investment, the digital economy, climate change, and maritime security. The "Kuala Lumpur Declaration," the "ASEAN Community Vision 2045," and related strategic blueprints adopted at the summit will constitute the "ASEAN 2045 Agenda," providing guiding opinions and plans for ASEAN's development in the next 20 years.

Anwar (安瓦尔), the Prime Minister of Malaysia (马来西亚), the rotating chair of ASEAN, stated that the current international situation is complex and volatile. Under the multiple challenges of continued geopolitical tensions, hindered economic globalization, intensified climate change, and disruptive technological advancements, ASEAN countries must jointly uphold a clear development vision, firm advancement goals, and a strong sense of unity to work together to promote regional peace, stability, and prosperity.

Drawing a New Blueprint for Regional Integration

In the exhibition hall of the Kuala Lumpur (吉隆坡) Convention Centre in Malaysia (马来西亚), the venue for this ASEAN Summit, the 2025 ASEAN rotating chair logo carved from watermelon, organic vegetables grown in the display window, tropical fruits placed in hexagonal wooden boxes, and the "Flower Tower" full of flowers and fragrance... As the rotating chair of ASEAN, Malaysia (马来西亚) not only showcased the abundance of its own products through this exhibition but also conveyed the confidence of regional countries in working together to address global challenges.

As an important achievement of this ASEAN Summit, the meeting adopted the "ASEAN Community Vision 2045" and issued the "Kuala Lumpur Declaration." According to the "ASEAN Community Vision 2045," ASEAN will promote regional integration through the three pillars of the Political-Security Community, the Economic Community, and the Socio-Cultural Community, while focusing on six strategic directions: sustainable infrastructure, smart cities and sustainable development, digital innovation, logistics and supply chain connectivity, regulatory excellence and cooperation, and people-to-people exchanges, to promote regional connectivity to a new level.

Anwar (安瓦尔) stated that the "ASEAN Community Vision 2045" is of key significance in the ASEAN integration process. The "Kuala Lumpur Declaration" is not only a development guidance document but also a joint commitment of ASEAN member states to the future of the region, demonstrating the countries' adherence to multilateralism, determination to cooperate and win-win, and a sense of responsibility to promote economic digital transformation and actively respond to climate change.

ASEAN Secretary-General Kao Kim Hourn (高金洪) said: "This vision is forward-looking and strategically sound, accurately grasping key trends such as geopolitical changes, digital transformation, demographic changes, and climate challenges, and pointing the way for ASEAN's future development."

"The release of the 'ASEAN Community Vision 2045' is an important milestone in ASEAN's development process, demonstrating ASEAN's firm commitment to promoting integration, deepening cooperation, and achieving sustainable development." Raihan Ronodipuro, a researcher at the ASEAN-China Study Center of the University of Indonesia (印度尼西亚大学), said in an interview with this reporter that this document emphasizes unity, resilience, and innovation, and strives to "build a more cohesive and prosperous ASEAN" by deepening economic cooperation, consolidating socio-cultural ties, and promoting environmental sustainability.

Firmly Upholding the Multilateral Trading System

Recently, the United States has frequently wielded tariff "sticks" against many countries, causing global trade order disorder and seriously undermining the multilateral trading system. How to deal with the challenges brought by the United States' abuse of tariffs to regional countries has become a major issue of concern at this ASEAN Summit.

"The United States' implementation of unilateral tariff policies is exacerbating tensions and fragmentation in the global trading system." Anwar (安瓦尔) said in his opening speech at the summit that ASEAN has established a geo-economic working group to undertake coordination tasks, demonstrating its determination and confidence in maintaining multilateralism. As the host country, Malaysia (马来西亚) is actively promoting ASEAN to form a unified position on tariff responses. "ASEAN countries have reached a consensus on this. In the future, any tariff response measures to the United States must be based on collective consensus to ensure that the interests of member states are not infringed," Anwar (安瓦尔) emphasized.

"The United States' imposition of tariffs has disrupted the global trade order." Thai Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin (佩通坦) called on ASEAN to build an integrated supply chain network, deepen regional integration, maximize the effectiveness of free trade agreements, and enhance overall risk resistance capabilities. The "ASEAN Leaders' Statement on Responding to Global Economic and Trade Uncertainties" adopted at the summit pointed out that global trade is facing increasingly frequent unilateralism and protectionism shocks. ASEAN will firmly maintain the multilateral trading system with the World Trade Organization (WTO) as the core and should maintain the basic principles of predictability, transparency, freedom, fairness, sustainability, and compliance with rules.

The "ASEAN Leaders' Statement on Responding to Global Economic and Trade Uncertainties" also put forward a series of specific measures, including accelerating negotiations on the "ASEAN Digital Economy Framework Agreement" and other agreements to deepen internal trade and investment; fully utilizing the "Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership" (RCEP) and free trade agreements to reduce uncertainty and supply chain disruption risks; strengthening external cooperation and expanding emerging partners; countries taking targeted safeguard measures to fully support local industries and labor groups; leveraging the coordination functions of existing inter-departmental mechanisms and the newly established ASEAN Geo-Economic Working Group to enhance overall response capabilities.

Free Trade Zone Upgrade Releases Surging Momentum

Recently, the China-ASEAN Economic and Trade Ministers' Special Meeting was held online, and the two sides jointly announced the comprehensive completion of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 version negotiations. According to the Chinese Ministry of Commerce (中国商务部), the 3.0 version will create an inclusive, modern, comprehensive, and mutually beneficial free trade agreement, including nine new chapters on the digital economy, green economy, supply chain connectivity, standards, technical regulations and conformity assessment procedures, customs procedures and trade facilitation, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, competition and consumer protection, small and medium-sized enterprises, and economic and technical cooperation, which will be conducive to both sides promoting regional economic integration in a wider field and at a deeper level under the new situation. Malaysian Minister of Investment, Trade and Industry Tengku Zafrul Aziz (扎夫尔) believes that this is "a key step in deepening regional integration and promoting growth," and "these achievements will become an important driving force for ASEAN's continued growth and enhanced competitiveness."

"In the context of a global economy full of uncertainties, the completion of the ASEAN-China Free Trade Area 3.0 version negotiations is particularly timely and crucial." Kao Kim Hourn (高金洪) believes that the 3.0 version will further strengthen cooperation between the two sides in trade, investment, connectivity, and other aspects, promote the transformation of the agreement to modernization and forward-looking, create new opportunities in digital and green transformation, and help enhance regional innovation and overall competitiveness. At the same time, it will also create new opportunities in emerging fields such as the digital economy, green economy, and supply chain connectivity, and redefine the economic ties between ASEAN and China by enhancing innovation, productivity, and competitiveness.

"The comprehensive strategic partnership between ASEAN and China is not only a driver of economic growth but also the foundation of regional economic stability." Malaysian Prime Minister's Political Secretary Teh Taru (曾敏凯) said at the China-ASEAN Economic and Trade Forum on the 26th that he looks forward to establishing closer, more inclusive, and forward-looking economic ties between ASEAN and China. Tang Zhimin (汤之敏), Director of the China-ASEAN Research Center of Thailand's Panyapiwat Institute of Management (泰国正大管理学院), believes that ASEAN and China have been each other's largest trading partners for many years, with a combined population of more than 2 billion. The two sides integrate resources, complement each other's advantages, and will continue to release strong momentum for common development.

During the summit, the first ASEAN-China-GCC Summit and the second ASEAN-GCC Summit were also held. Analysts believe that the total population and economic volume of China, ASEAN, and GCC countries account for about 1/4 of the world's total. The interconnection of the three markets will help ASEAN and China and the Middle East establish closer trade relations and expand broader cooperation space for ASEAN's economy.

Enhancing cohesion internally and expanding new space externally. Analysts believe that at this ASEAN Summit, national leaders exchanged views on regional strategic priorities, cooperation and development mechanisms, and strengthening regional connectivity and unity, demonstrating greater resilience and a broader pattern, and opening a new chapter for the ASEAN regional integration process.

(Reported from Kuala Lumpur (吉隆坡) and Jakarta (雅加达) on May 29)

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EU-UK Summit "Resets" Bilateral Relations

By: 本报记者 许立群

Recently, the UK and the European Union held the first UK-EU summit in London after Brexit, and the two sides reached a series of agreements, laying the foundation for "resetting" bilateral relations. British Prime Minister Starmer (斯塔默), European Commission President Von der Leyen (冯德莱恩), and European Council President Costa (科斯塔), who attended the summit, all stated that the summit was a "historic moment," marking a new stage in the relationship between the two sides.

According to a statement issued by the British Prime Minister's Office, the agreement covers multiple fields such as economy and trade, defense, and youth exchanges. In terms of economy and trade, the two sides signed a new 12-year fisheries agreement, which will not only ensure the sustainable access of British fishing vessels to EU waters, but also maintain the existing fishing quotas of EU fishing vessels in British waters, providing an important foundation for the stable development of fisheries on both sides. The two sides also reached an agreement on animal and plant quarantine, which will greatly simplify British food export procedures and reduce costs. It is expected to promote the re-entry of British hamburgers, sausages and other products into the EU market, and further promote bilateral trade prosperity.

In the field of green economy, the two sides agreed to connect their respective carbon emission trading systems to avoid the impact of the EU's upcoming carbon tax on British companies next year. At the same time, the UK will also explore the opportunity to rejoin the EU internal electricity market, which will improve the flexibility of energy allocation and reduce price fluctuations by more than 15% on both sides.

In the field of defense, the two sides reached a framework agreement on security and defense cooperation. Von der Leyen (冯德莱恩) said that this agreement means that the UK is expected to participate in the EU's 150 billion euro joint procurement weapons program. This cooperation will help enhance the UK's military strength and strengthen Europe's overall coordination capabilities in the field of defense to jointly address security challenges.

In terms of cultural exchange, the two sides will launch the "Youth Mobility Program." The program allows young people from both the UK and the EU to work and study in each other's countries for up to three years, while setting quotas for personnel mobility and length of stay. In addition, the UK will rejoin the EU student exchange program, which will provide more learning and exchange opportunities for young people on both sides. At the same time, the EU will also lift some of the previous restrictions, allowing British travelers to use electronic gates in the Schengen area and simplify travel procedures for artists in the EU, creating more mobility space for the cultural industry.

The UK officially "Brexit" on January 31, 2020, after which relations between the two sides experienced a period of coolness. In recent years, with the changes in the international situation, especially the shift in US government policies, both the UK and the EU have realized the importance of strengthening cooperation. Comments believe that for the ruling British Labour Party, reaching an agreement with the EU this time means "the return of pragmatic diplomacy." It is estimated that the relevant agreements reached by the two sides this time will promote the UK's economic growth by nearly 9 billion pounds (approximately 12 billion US dollars) before 2040, injecting new vitality into the UK's economic recovery and development. British economist Steve Nolan (史蒂夫·诺兰) believes that the agreement reached by the two sides this time reflects a mature diplomatic posture, "It brings the UK back into the framework of institutional contact with the EU."

The public opinion also said that there are still many unresolved issues between the UK and the EU, such as the Northern Ireland border and the sovereignty of Gibraltar (直布罗陀). The British magazine *The Economist* believes that after the signing of the agreement, the real test for UK-EU relations has just begun, and the two sides need to explore a path of development in which cooperation and differences coexist under the complex international situation. The website of European News Television published an article saying that although the UK-EU summit reached some agreements, the differences between the UK and the EU on core issues are still obvious, especially when the domestic political resistance in the UK is not small, the two sides still need to consolidate the achievements of the summit through continuous negotiations in the future.

(Reported from London (伦敦) on May 29 by this newspaper)

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Editor in Charge for This Section: Zhang Mengxu, Yue Linwei, Liu Gang

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Crafting Qu, Brewing with Heart for Dragon Boat Festival: Millennial Fen-flavor, Enduring Charm

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Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime. / Empowering people with skills to achieve their dreams.

By: 本报记者  黄培昭

In recent years, under the framework of the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative and the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, China has always adhered to the concept of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith, and actively carried out mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation with African countries. From Morocco in North Africa to Zambia in South-Central Africa, and then to Ethiopia in East Africa, modern industrial parks and science and technology cities have sprung up. Chinese enterprises have vigorously promoted local talent cultivation and industrial upgrading, illuminating the dreams and futures of more young people, and injecting strong impetus into the industrialization process and diversified economic development of African countries.

Bringing Development Opportunities

Watering the Garden of Hope

The morning light penetrates the mist and shines on the Mohammed VI Tangier Tech City (穆罕默德六世丹吉尔科技城) in Morocco (hereinafter referred to as "Tangier Tech City"), plating the spacious and bright factory of Sentury Tire (Morocco) Co., Ltd. (森麒麟轮胎（摩洛哥）有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "Sentury Tire") with gold. Before going to work every day, Amir, the production workshop supervisor of Sentury Tire, always habitually walks around the factory area. Listening to the roar of the machinery, he feels much more at ease. In the workshop, huge robotic arms operate in an orderly manner on the intelligent production line, automatic guided vehicles shuttle back and forth, and technicians in work clothes are busy.

Tangier Tech City is constructed by China Road and Bridge Engineering Co., Ltd. (中国路桥工程有限责任公司). Since it was officially put into operation in February 2023, it has signed contracts with nearly 30 enterprises, with a total investment of approximately $3 billion. Sentury Tire settled in Tangier Tech City in October of the same year, and the first batch of tire products rolled off the production line on September 30, 2024. It took only 11 months to build an intelligent tire manufacturing factory. It is expected that after full production this year, the factory will produce 6 million high-performance passenger car and light truck radial tires annually.

Just a few years ago, this place was still a wilderness, and Amir was also full of confusion about the future. "After graduating from university, I looked for many jobs, but they were always not related to my major. It wasn't until I heard that Chinese companies were coming to build a tire factory that I felt the opportunity had come." Amir said that after entering Sentury Tire, he started as an ordinary apprentice. The unfamiliar production equipment and complex operating procedures in the workshop once made him feel at a loss. "The Chinese masters always patiently guided me, and even the simplest movements were taught over and over again." Once, there was a sudden equipment failure in the workshop, and the master worked with Amir for several hours in the middle of the night until the fault was eliminated. Amir said that at that moment, he truly understood what the master often said - "Technology is a hard skill, and you must learn it solidly."

Now, Amir leads a team of more than 50 people, responsible for tire forming and quality inspection. Looking at the qualified tires being loaded into containers, and trucks loaded with tires driving out of the factory area and heading to the port, Amir's face is always full of smiles. He knows that his future has already taken root here.

The arrival of Chinese enterprises has connected a closer cooperative bond between Morocco and China. Former Moroccan Minister of Economy and Finance, Fathallah Oualalou (法塔拉·瓦拉卢), said that under the framework of the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative, Chinese enterprises are creating more high-skilled jobs for the local area, further improving Morocco's industrial chain, and bringing unprecedented opportunities for national development. Moroccan local media commented that Chinese enterprises are watering a garden of hope in Morocco.

Cultivating Technical Teams

Filling Production Gaps

In Chibombo (齐邦博市), Central Province, Zambia, 27-year-old Duncan Phiri used to ride his old bicycle every day, selling second-hand mobile phone accessories door-to-door. His father was injured in a mine in his early years and lost his ability to work, and the whole family could only barely make ends meet with Phiri's meager income. Finding a job where he could learn technology was Phiri's biggest wish. However, Zambia's weak industrial base meant that there were few opportunities for young people like him who had not attended university. With the establishment of the Zambia Jiangxi Economic Cooperation Zone (赞比亚江西经济合作区) in Chibombo, Phiri ushered in the opportunity to get rid of his predicament.

In 2022, Zantus Electric Co., Ltd. (赞特斯电气有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "Zantus Electric") settled in the Zambia Jiangxi Economic Cooperation Zone, bringing Zambia's first transformer production line. Previously, the country's power facilities were heavily dependent on imports. Even an ordinary transformer was expensive, and the procurement cycle often took more than half a year. They also had to hire foreign engineers for repairs at high prices. After hearing Zantus Electric General Manager Zong Cheng (宗诚) say at the recruitment fair, "We want to cultivate Zambia's own technical team," Phiri was the first to sign up.

Initially, Phiri didn't even understand what "insulating material" and "winding" were. Chinese engineer Li Heng (李衡) explained the structure of the transformer to him with physical objects during the day, and used mobile phone translation software to teach him how to read drawings at night. Three months later, Phiri independently completed the coil winding of the first 50 kVA transformer. When this equipment with the "Made in Zambia" label was shipped to a farm in Copperbelt Province, he specially invited Li Heng to take a photo together: "In the past, we could only buy foreign goods, but now I can make things that the country needs!"

In 2023, some areas of Zambia suffered from rainstorms. The imported transformer at a substation in the suburbs of the capital Lusaka (卢萨卡) was burned down, causing a power outage in the nearby community for two weeks, plunging it into darkness. The Zantus Electric team was ordered to take on the task, and Phiri and his Chinese colleagues worked around the clock to repair it. When he replaced the rusty wiring terminals with corrosion-resistant products, the long-silent transformer started running again, and the local residents who had been waiting for a long time couldn't help but cheer enthusiastically. Shortly thereafter, Phiri was promoted to head of the maintenance team.

"Chinese companies not only taught us how to make transformers, but also let us know how to create the future." With his own hands, Phiri renovated his house and sponsored his sister to obtain an electrician certificate. Now, he manages more than 10 local technicians in the company. Through Zantus Electric's "technology transfer" program, Phiri has also trained 3 apprentices, and the story of female technician Talia has even been featured in local Zambian news: "In the past, women could only sell vegetables in the market, but now they can use multimeters to test circuits!"

According to reports, as of 2024, Zantus Electric has trained more than 200 power technicians in Zambia, with a localization production rate of 75%, a 40% reduction in transformer procurement costs, and a reduction in maintenance response time from two weeks to 48 hours. In addition, the company's localization strategy has reshaped Zambia's industrial chain. For example, silicon steel sheets and insulating paint, which were completely dependent on imports in the past, now have two local suppliers piloting production. "We are no longer just Africa's mineral warehouse. Chinese companies have helped us ignite the spark of industrialization, and this spark is being passed on in our own hands," Phiri said.

Helping Industrial Transformation

Moving Towards a Happy Life

The Awassa Industrial Park (阿瓦萨工业园) is constructed by China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation Ethiopia Co., Ltd. (中国土木埃塞俄比亚工程有限公司). It is located in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚南方州) and is the first industrial park project led by the Ethiopian Federal Government. It is the first zero-emission textile industrial park in Africa.

Stepping into the Jinmao JP Textile (Ethiopia) Co., Ltd. (无锡金茂JP纺织（埃塞俄比亚）有限公司) fabric factory (hereinafter referred to as "Jinmao Fabric Factory") in the Awassa Industrial Park, the sound of sewing machines, the rotation of bearings, and the friction of fabrics rise and fall.

Sunlight shines through the tall windows, spilling onto the busy work stations. 24-year-old local worker Tigist (提吉斯特) focuses on operating the sewing machine, her fingers deftly weaving between the colorful fabrics. A few minutes later, a brand new T-shirt is made. Three years ago, she was a farmer's daughter in the remote suburbs of Awassa, working hard in the coffee garden every day. The family of eight relied entirely on growing coffee to barely make ends meet. "I never thought I could live a different life at that time," Tigist said. Now she has grown from an ordinary worker to a workshop leader, not only able to support herself, but also able to sponsor her younger brother to go to school.

It is reported that since it was put into production, Jinmao Fabric Factory has provided nearly 2,000 jobs for the local area. Many young people like Tigist have had a stable income for the first time. The reporter learned in an interview that when Jinmao Fabric Factory was first built, it recruited more than 800 local workers, most of whom knew nothing about textile technology. From threading needles to complex cutting, under the guidance of Chinese masters, a skilled local worker can now produce more than 200 pieces of clothing every day, and the factory ships more than 300,000 pieces every month.

Local media reported that Chinese companies bring not only equipment and technology, but also a complete set of industrialization solutions. The Chinese enterprise's "construction-training-management" three-in-one model is helping Ethiopia achieve industrial transformation and helping thousands of Ethiopian young people write a new chapter in their lives with their own hands. From the fields to the workshops, from poverty to hope, their dreams take root and sprout here. With the continuous assistance of Chinese enterprises, Ethiopia's industrialization road is becoming wider and wider.

As the sun sets, the young workers leave the factory one after another. Tigist stands at the factory gate, looking back at the brightly lit workshop, and says softly: "I hope to bring my family to live in the city in the future. Thank you to Chinese companies for helping us move towards a happy life step by step."

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This section edited by: Han Bingchen, Chen Shangwen

Layout Design: Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)

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Turning Small Spaces into "Treasure Bowls" (Developing Courtyard Economy Based on Local Conditions)

Gaojiawobao Village (高家窝堡村), Jiti Township (集体乡), Changling County (长岭县), Jilin Province (吉林省)

　　Chili Pepper Courtyard: A "Fiery Red" Life

　　Reporter Liu Yiqing (刘以晴)

　　"The rain is here, and the ground in the courtyard is moist, so the seedlings planted will survive better." At 10:30 in the morning, walking into Gaojiawobao Village (高家窝堡村), Jiti Township (集体乡), Changling County (长岭县), Songyuan City (松原市), Jilin Province (吉林省), Li Jingwen (李井文) was busy in his yard in the drizzling rain.

　　The 600-square-meter courtyard is tightly covered with plastic film. The chili pepper seedlings, wet with rain, are already the height of small mineral water bottles. Li Jingwen (李井文) carefully plants each seedling into the ground, taking a few more glances after planting, afraid that they are not planted well.

　　In 2017, when Changling County (长岭县) first proposed developing courtyard economy, the villagers of Gaojiawobao Village (高家窝堡村) were not so enthusiastic. "Our courtyard is just for piling up debris, what can we plant? Who will buy it?" "Sign the order first, then plant the seeds, and guarantee it won't be for nothing." Facing the villagers' questions, Cao Haili (曹海丽), the village Party branch secretary, offered a "reassurance."

　　The villagers' hearts were settled, but it was not easy to accurately grasp the "pulse" of the market and crops. Foxtail millet, pumpkin, pea seedlings... Cao Haili (曹海丽) set aside a test plot in her own field to try each one: this one is prone to disease, that one has large market price fluctuations in recent years... After several screenings, in 2018, the villagers first started planting foxtail millet and pumpkins in the small courtyard. "It does make money, but the seedlings are delicate and require a lot of effort to manage, and we can hardly take care of the large fields at home." Li Jingwen (李井文) and some villagers complained to Cao Haili (曹海丽).

　　After several attempts, in 2021, the villagers switched to planting chili peppers. "Not only is the management easy, but the varieties are carefully selected. The red chili peppers that grow are as long as a palm, which can reduce the amount of labor for villagers when harvesting the fruits." Cao Haili (曹海丽) introduced that the village's chili peppers are now sold to Shandong (山东) and Henan (河南).

　　Changling County (长岭县) has an advantage in developing courtyard economy, which is that the villagers' courtyards are relatively large. From 2017 to 2024, Changling County (长岭县) has invested nearly 129 million yuan of county-level financial funds to encourage villagers to develop courtyard economy. The county, township, and village levels jointly help farmers establish cooperation with large agricultural enterprises and carry out order-based production according to the needs of the enterprises. At the same time, they focus on technical guidance and training, investing 518 rural revitalization instructors to go deep into farmers' homes to carry out "point-to-point" scientific and technological training and promotion of advanced and practical technologies.

　　Last year, the rainfall was heavy, and many villagers found that the number of rotten chili peppers increased, "and they couldn't stop it." Yu Xiulian (于秀莲), a rural agricultural technology extension worker, arrived in time, and customized plans for each household based on their actual situation, including drug ratio, concentration, and frequency of application, to protect the courtyard harvest.

　　"Do you need technicians to grow vegetables?" At first, some villagers were also skeptical when facing the technical instructors from the township. It was not until they heard the lessons from other places from Cao Haili (曹海丽) - now manufacturers conduct pesticide residue tests when collecting vegetables, and some farmers who abused pesticides had several trucks of vegetables returned.

　　Although the courtyard is small, it emphasizes green planting. The bulletin board of the Gaojiawobao Village (高家窝堡村) village committee is posted with the "Green Planting Code": explicitly prohibiting the use of various market-banned pesticides. Cao Haili (曹海丽) also formed a patrol team with several enthusiastic villagers to understand the growth situation, dissuade illegal drug use, and encourage villagers to apply farm manure. "Now growing vegetables emphasizes 'green.' Using farm manure saves money, and you can eat the things grown in your own yard with peace of mind, which is great." In a corner of Li Jingwen's (李井文) courtyard, there are several large bags piled up, all of which are fermented farm manure.

　　Today, the small courtyards of 182 villagers in the village form a "fiery red puzzle" of courtyard economy. Li Jingwen (李井文) has a clear account: the village provides seedlings, farm manure is free, and the cost of foliar fertilizer, mulch film, and bags for harvesting is about 350 yuan; his own courtyard plants 4,500 chili peppers, yielding nearly 2,000 kilograms, with a guaranteed minimum recycling price of 1.2 yuan per kilogram, plus the 2 yuan subsidy per square meter provided by the county for poverty-stricken households developing courtyard economy. Now, the Li (李) family's chili pepper courtyard has an annual income of about 5,000 yuan. Last year, the per capita income of villagers in Gaojiawobao Village (高家窝堡村) was 17,000 yuan, and the village's chili pepper orders rose to 400 tons.

　　In the account book of the Changling County (长岭县) Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, courtyard economy also wrote a beautiful stroke: the county has developed a total of 10.672 million square meters of courtyard economy, with an output of 24,000 tons of fruits and vegetables last year, and an average household income increase of 3,800 yuan.

　　"Developing courtyard economy is a beneficial attempt to promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside through industry." Mao Yu (毛宇), director of the Changling County (长岭县) Rural Revitalization Bureau, said, "It must be adapted to local conditions. Take Changling County (长岭县) as an example, the gap between the south and the north is obvious, and the courtyard area and farmers' planting habits are different. This requires patient exploration to help villagers find the most suitable varieties."

　　In Wang Jibei's (王继碑) home in Menggutun Village (蒙古屯村), Guangming Township (光明乡), Changling County (长岭县), the small ice wheat in the 200-square-meter courtyard is growing lushly. After the autumn harvest, Brother Wang (王大哥) will plant a crop of oil sunflowers. "Crop rotation not only makes the wheat more productive, but also the oil extracted from the oil sunflowers is enough for our own consumption, and we can earn a few hundred yuan more." Brother Wang (王大哥) is full of confidence, "Don't look at our courtyard is not big, as long as we are willing to work hard, one courtyard can earn two incomes."

　　Xuchang Village (徐场村), Guyang Town (堌阳镇), Lankao County (兰考县), Henan Province (河南省)

　　Zither Music Courtyard: Nourishing Hearts and Enriching People

　　Reporter Bi Jingjin (毕京津)

　　In Xuchang Village (徐场村), Guyang Town (堌阳镇), Lankao County (兰考县), Henan Province (河南省), a courtyard integrating the style of Suzhou gardens is quietly "growing." Between the blue tiles and white walls, the flying eaves and upturned corners are intertwined with the wind and rain corridors, and the koi pond reflects the shadows of the paulownia trees. The workers are busy laying flower streets and building half-pavilion water pavilions. This is the research and study base of "Mo Wu Qin Fang (墨武琴坊)" created by Xu Yachong (徐亚冲), a post-90s zither maker, and his wife Wei Chenxin (卫晨欣).

　　Pushing open the wooden door of the courtyard, the sound of zither music and planing wood intertwine in the ear. In the east wing, seven or eight students from Nanjing University of the Arts (南京艺术学院) are leaning over the workbench, learning zither tassel weaving from Xu Yachong (徐亚冲). Li Yutong (李雨桐), 16, trembled slightly as she threaded the silk thread through the wooden beads: "It turns out that a zither tassel requires 36 knots, and each knot contains the craftsman's blessing."

　　In the zither room on the west side, Wei Chenxin (卫晨欣), dressed in a moon-white Hanfu, is guiding several silver-haired elderly people to tune the strings. Zhang Huilan (张慧兰), a 66-year-old retired teacher from Zhengzhou (郑州), plucked the strings lightly and exclaimed in surprise: "The zither made of paulownia wood has such a rich tone!"

　　At this moment, in the courtyard, research teams, music lovers, and villagers sit together, and the culture of the guqin is like a spring breeze and rain, permeating every corner.

　　Three years ago, Wei Chenxin (卫晨欣) discovered in live teaching that the audience was full of curiosity about the guqin production process: "Can we let more people touch the annual rings of the zither wood with their own hands?" The couple immediately decided to transform their ancestral home and turn the closed workshop into an open cultural space. They retained the traditional handmade lacquer process of the guqin, but added a transparent operating room next to the zither table; they continued the ancient method of "three years to make a zither," but also opened up a "quick experience area" in the corner of the courtyard, allowing tourists to complete the production of a simple zither model in two hours. This model of "tradition as the core and experience as the shell" makes the unpopular zither-making technique tangible and perceptible. Today, the courtyard receives more than 50 batches of research teams every year, and reservations for guqin experience classes have been scheduled until next spring.

　　The ripple effect of the courtyard economy is changing Xuchang Village (徐场村). Xu Ershuai's (徐二帅) laser engraving workshop originally only made guzheng head carvings, but now it specializes in customizing paulownia wood bookmarks for research teams. "Tourists like to bring some small souvenirs, and these bookmarks with zither score symbols can sell hundreds a day." Last year, he also added a 3D engraving machine, which can engrave exclusive zither names according to the needs of tourists, and has also received orders from Singaporean merchants. Now his family's annual income has increased from 50,000 to 60,000 yuan to more than 200,000 yuan.

　　Guo Ailing's (郭爱玲) "Zhen Qin Musical Instrument" workshop next door has added 6 long tables, which are crowded with parent-child families from Zhengzhou (郑州) every weekend. Last year, they launched the "Paulownia Music Box" experience project, allowing tourists to assemble music boxes engraved with the simplified score of "Plum Blossom Three Movements" by themselves, which alone brought in more than 80,000 yuan in income.

　　Even Xu Wenxian (徐文献), a 70-year-old villager, can't sit idle. He set up a stall in the village's pentatonic square and sold paulownia wood-carved coasters. The old man stroked the wood grain with his calloused fingers: "Who would have thought that this paulownia wood could be carved into flowers and sold for money?" The paulownia flower coasters he carves sell for 5 yuan each, and he can sell more than 200 during holidays.

　　Xu Bing (徐冰), who lives in the east end of the village, transformed his courtyard into a homestay, with old photos of guqin making hanging on the white walls, and miniature guqin models in each room. After returning to his hometown, this post-90s college student leads tourists to experience ancient zither making during the day and sets up a mobile phone for live teaching at night. His "Seven-Day Introduction to Guqin" course has attracted white-collar workers from Shanghai (上海) to learn in groups, and he has to ask neighbors to help clean the rooms when he is busiest. "I used to think that the countryside couldn't keep young people, but now our village has more cultural flavor than the city, and those who come back don't want to leave." He wiped the old plane left by his grandfather, his eyes shining.

　　Inside and outside Xuchang Village (徐场村), paulownia trees can be seen everywhere. The paulownia trees that were used for sand control in those years have grown into a "industry + culture and tourism + education" industrial chain in the annual rings over time, bringing no small changes to this small village in eastern Henan (豫东).

　　"'Muddy roads' have become 'cement roads,' and brick houses have become quaint courtyards. There are more development opportunities, the living environment is better, young people have returned to their hometowns, and many surrounding villagers have come to work here." Standing next to the newly planted paulownia seedlings, Xu Yachong (徐亚冲) said, "We want to show everyone a more beautiful courtyard and a more ingenious guqin."

　　The melodious sound of the zither nourishes hearts and enriches people.

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Using forests to nurture forests: A new model emerges.

By: 本报记者 李增辉 姜 峰 沈靖然

Deep in the Zhangjiawan Forest Farm (张家湾林场) in Yongchuan District (永川区), Chongqing (重庆), towering Phoebe zhennan trees stretch their branches and leaves in the morning mist.

Cheng Hongshu (程洪树), head of Chongqing Chashan Zhuhai Tourism Development Co., Ltd. (重庆茶山竹海旅游开发有限公司), introduced that not long ago, relying on the artificially planted Phoebe zhennan resources in the forest farm, the company obtained a "tree warrant" pledge loan of 15 million yuan from the Yongchuan Branch (永川支行) of the Agricultural Development Bank of China (中国农业发展银行), completing the country's first Phoebe zhennan "tree warrant" transaction.

What is a "tree warrant"?

Simply put, a "tree warrant" is a type of electronic asset certificate that quantifies the ownership, usage rights, and related ecological and economic value of Phoebe zhennan resources, which can then be circulated, traded, and pledged.

Why launch the "tree warrant" mechanism?

Originally, Yongchuan District (永川区) possessed uniquely advantageous Phoebe zhennan resources, with nearly 2 million artificially planted trees throughout the district. Zhangjiawan Forest Farm (张家湾林场) even boasts the largest existing natural secondary forest of Phoebe zhennan, covering 960 mu, in the country.

However, these relatively abundant resources face a real dilemma: as a national second-class protected plant, Phoebe zhennan has a growth cycle of up to half a century, and cannot be harvested and monetized or mortgaged for financing before maturity. Wang Jian (王建), Director of the Yongchuan District Forestry Bureau (永川区林业局), said: "The long revenue cycle, to a certain extent, restricts the protection and development of precious tree species."

A turning point came this spring. In the construction of a pilot zone for deepening the collective forest tenure system reform in Chongqing (重庆市), Yongchuan District (永川区) innovatively launched the Phoebe zhennan "tree warrant" mechanism.

How does the "tree warrant" mechanism operate?

According to the "Yongchuan District (永川区) Phoebe zhennan Asset Note Management Measures (Trial)" (《重庆市永川区楠木资产票据管理办法（试行）》, hereinafter referred to as the "Management Measures"), the Phoebe zhennan involved in the creation of "tree warrants" must have a diameter at breast height of 5 centimeters or more. Currently, Yongchuan District (永川区) is actively developing a "tree warrant" registration system, using satellite remote sensing positioning and drone 3D modeling to input data such as the coordinates, diameter at breast height, and tree height of each Phoebe zhennan tree into a real-time database. After encryption using blockchain technology, a unique "digital ID card" is generated, achieving "one tree, one code, one warrant." When an applicant completes the creation of a "tree warrant," the system can immediately generate a Phoebe zhennan growth model for the corresponding plot, and complete intelligent valuation based on more than 20 indicators such as timber volume increment and carbon sink potential.

"In the future, with the support of technological innovation, 'tree warrants' will truly achieve deep-level changes in the property rights system." Wang Jian (王建) opened the "Management Measures" and highlighted innovative clauses: tree warrant rights cover the current value of the forest, expected income, and carbon sink ownership, with the duration synchronized with the forest land management right certificate, and forest management standards during the pledge period written into the electronic contract. This set of institutional designs not only safeguards the ecological red line, but also opens up the channel for resources to become assets.

What is the effect of the "tree warrant" mechanism?

The demonstration effect of the first transaction is becoming apparent. Of the 15 million yuan loan obtained by Chongqing Chashan Zhuhai Tourism Development Co., Ltd. (重庆茶山竹海旅游开发有限公司), 30% will be used for the construction of an intelligent drip irrigation system, 50% will be invested in under-forest Chinese medicinal herb planting, and the remaining funds are planned to expand the planting of Phoebe zhennan by 500 mu. "It is equivalent to realizing future income in advance, forming a virtuous cycle of 'using the forest to support the forest'." Cheng Hongshu (程洪树) introduced that new Internet of Things sensors have been erected in the forest, and digital management will stabilize the survival rate of Phoebe zhennan at over 95%.

The demonstration effect is also expanding. In the ten-thousand-mu tea garden in Yongrong Town (永荣镇), the three-dimensional planting model of "Phoebe zhennan + tea trees" has been revitalized. Zhou Xin (周鑫)'s (周鑫) 20 mu of tea fields use the "tall trees above, shrubs below" model: 5-meter-high Phoebe zhennan seedlings provide shade for the tea trees, and intelligent sprinkler systems installed under the forest accurately control humidity. "Now, even in summer, we are not afraid of the tea trees being sunburned, and the quality of the tea has improved by two grades." After 200 Phoebe zhennan trees in the tea garden generate "tree warrants," they can also apply for a combined loan from the Rural Credit Cooperative.

In order to promote the innovative exploration of the "tree warrant" mechanism, Yongchuan District (永川区) is building a more complete ecological financial system: from creation and registration, circulation and transaction, to pledge and cancellation, data from each link is synchronized in real time with the forestry, finance, and planning and natural resources departments. Wang Jian (王建) said: "This cross-departmental coordination mechanism provides institutional guarantees for the realization of ecological product value."

Today in Yongchuan (永川), under the Phoebe zhennan National Forest Germplasm Resource Bank, wild-simulated cultivation of *Agaricus subrufescens* and *Pleurotus ulmarius* are growing vigorously; innovative activities such as ancient tree adoption, after-school research, and wood art competitions are also being planned and carried out one by one. "Starting from the 'tree warrant,' we strive to write a good ecological article on 'Phoebe zhennan +'." Tang Yonghong (唐永红), Deputy District Governor of Yongchuan District (永川区政府副区长), said.

The reporter learned that Yongchuan (永川) will further improve the relevant systems for "tree warrants," establish a risk prevention system, explore the construction of a "tree warrant" pledge loan guarantee mechanism, and develop targeted insurance products; improve the long-term management mechanism to ensure the survival rate and preservation rate of Phoebe zhennan; and introduce a precious tree species harvesting certification mechanism to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of "tree warrant" owners.

The wind blows through Zhangjiawan Forest Farm (张家湾林场), and the Phoebe zhennan forest rustles. This sound plays a beautiful movement of **绿水青山就是金山银山** (lǜ shuǐ qīng shān jiù shì jīn shān yín shān - "green waters and lush mountains are gold and silver mountains," the idea that environmental protection and economic development are mutually reinforcing).

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Preserving the "Taste of Childhood" on the Tip of the Tongue (Talking About New Rural Areas)

By: 王 浩

Old varieties embody the wisdom accumulated from agricultural civilization, containing excellent traits and genes suitable for local soil and water conditions. They are valuable germplasm resources, requiring both protection and inheritance, as well as improvement and innovation.

Two pieces of news, one from the south and one from the north, remind people of the "childhood flavors" on their tongues. In Zhejiang Province, the first published results of the agricultural germplasm resource census show that the Beigang Pig (北港猪), which had disappeared for nearly 20 years, has returned to people's sight, and the Wenling Small Potato (温岭小洋薯) with its delicate and soft taste is moving towards industrial development. In Beijing (北京), agricultural technicians are using new technologies to revive old seeds, and the sweet and fragrant Walnut-patterned Cabbage (核桃纹白菜) and the sandy "Apple Green" Tomato (苹果青番茄) are returning to the tables of city residents. The "reappearance" of old varieties demonstrates the enormous potential of China's germplasm resources.

Today, the "rice bags," "vegetable baskets," and "fruit plates" are becoming increasingly abundant, with organic green vegetables, high-quality and special new agricultural products, and off-season fruits and vegetables dazzling the eyes. However, in the face of more and more choices, there is a taste that is particularly missed, that is, the "childhood flavor," the initial experience of tasting the fragrance of rice and noodles, and the sweetness of melons and fruits in childhood. This taste, even after many years, is still unforgettable.

The "memory" on the tip of the tongue leads to a major issue of revitalizing the seed industry. While striving to innovate varieties, how can we find and make good use of old varieties to restore the "childhood flavor"?

What are old varieties? They are the unique farm varieties and local varieties. The difficulty in finding "childhood flavors" is actually related to the overall reduction in the number of old varieties in the past. Behind this, there is also a change in agricultural production methods. In the past, farmers kept seeds year after year, and farm varieties were hung under the eaves and beams of houses, stored in wooden cabinets and earthenware pots, and passed down from generation to generation. Nowadays, it is rare to keep seeds at home. Instead, people buy seeds in the market. Firstly, it is more convenient, and secondly, many commercial seeds have been "enlightened" by technology, with high yields, excellent traits, and strong resistance to diseases and insect pests, which are naturally loved by farmers.

While new varieties certainly have advantages, the characteristics of old varieties should not be ignored. Old varieties embody the wisdom accumulated from agricultural civilization, containing excellent traits and genes suitable for local soil and water conditions. They are valuable germplasm resources, which can provide strong support for breeding innovation and industrial development, and can also help meet people's needs for "eating well" and "eating healthy." Therefore, protecting old varieties is a duty-bound responsibility and an important part of promoting the seed industry revitalization action.

The premise of protection is to understand the family assets. It is gratifying that the third national agricultural germplasm resource census has been fully completed, and the rescue collection and protection of local variety resources has become the focus. Among the 139,000 newly collected resources, nearly 90% are local varieties. For example, the Jiazhe Wheat (甲着小麦), which was accidentally discovered in a farmer's pottery pot during this census, is a rare whole-flour tetraploid durum local variety with high nutritional value. There may be many similar "sleeping" resources, and resource censuses should continue to be carried out according to local conditions, going from house to house, conducting field investigations, and combining traditional methods with modern technologies to find more old varieties.

To bring more "childhood flavors" back with old varieties, it is necessary to both protect and inherit them, as well as improve and innovate them. Because with the passage of time, some old varieties will experience varying degrees of degradation in terms of yield and traits. Only by strengthening purification and improvement in the breeding process and strengthening technological innovation in the planting and breeding process can old varieties be revitalized and better achieve a win-win situation for farmers who want "good seeds" and citizens who want "good taste."

"Old varieties" are linked to local characteristic industries. To find the "childhood flavors" on the tip of the tongue, it is necessary to do a good job in the second half of the article, so that resource advantages can be transformed into industrial advantages. Encourage new business entities to identify market demand points, combine the development of old varieties with the development of new business formats, and create business formats such as planting and processing, intangible cultural heritage experience, and popular science research, so that old varieties can enter thousands of households and embark on a path of local characteristic agricultural development from resources to varieties and from varieties to brands.

"Childhood flavor" is connected to the vast fields on one end and market demand on the other. With the development and utilization of characteristic germplasm resources, residents' ingredients will surely become richer and more flavorful.

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Central Government Allocates Funds for Agricultural Disaster Prevention and Relief

This newspaper reports that to support various regions in their efforts to prevent and control crop diseases and pests, the Ministry of Finance (财政部) and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部) recently allocated 1.4 billion yuan from the central government's agricultural production disaster prevention and relief funds to support 30 provinces, including Heilongjiang (黑龙江), Jiangsu (江苏), Anhui (安徽), and Henan (河南), as well as the Beidahuang Farm Reclamation Group (北大荒农垦集团), in carrying out major crop disease and pest control and other related work.

It is understood that the central government's financial support will focus on providing appropriate subsidies to local governments for the purchase of pesticides, machinery, and other materials, as well as for unified prevention and control operation services. This will promptly guide various regions to further strengthen monitoring and early warning, take effective measures, and carry out prevention and control work for wheat, rice, corn diseases and pests, as well as locusts and red imported fire ants in agricultural areas, reducing the damage caused by major diseases and pests to agricultural production, and providing strong support for winning the initiative to achieve a bumper grain harvest for the whole year.

(Zhu Jun (朱隽))

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Editor in Charge for This Section: Li Xiaoqing

Layout Design: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶)

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AI Powers New Momentum for Healthcare (Health Focus)

By: 本报记者 申少铁

This year's "Government Work Report" proposed to "continue to promote the 'Artificial Intelligence+' action, better integrate digital technology with manufacturing advantages and market advantages, and support the widespread application of large models."

In recent years, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, its application in the field of medical health has gradually moved out of the laboratory and begun to serve people's health. In November 2024, the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) jointly issued the "Reference Guide for Artificial Intelligence Application Scenarios in the Health Industry" with the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (国家中医药管理局) and the National Disease Control Bureau (国家疾控局), which clarified the basic concepts and application scenarios of 84 sub-sectors, providing a standardized development path for "Artificial Intelligence + Medical Health."

Recently, reporters investigated and interviewed the application of AI in hospital outpatient clinics, medical devices, and drug research and development, to see how AI injects new impetus into health services.

Artificial Intelligence + Diagnosis and Treatment Services

Improve Doctor Work Efficiency

"Patient is female, 48 years old, has been working in Tibet (西藏) for a long time, and consulted a doctor due to persistent increase in blood pressure, accompanied by chest tightness and shortness of breath after activity, edema of both lower extremities, as well as headache, nausea, vomiting, and insomnia, with a history of gout... Please analyze the cause."

"The patient has a long history of living in high-altitude areas, and has headache, nausea, vomiting, chest tightness and shortness of breath after activity, and edema of both lower extremities, considering the possibility of altitude sickness... Suggested treatment measures: oxygen inhalation and bed rest to relieve hypoxia symptoms..."

In Chengdu (成都市), Sichuan (四川) Province, Zhu Hongmei (祝红梅), a physician at the General Medicine Clinic of the Xipu (犀浦) Branch of 363 Hospital (三六三医院) affiliated to General Health Company, received a patient with a complex condition. She clicked on the "DeepSeek Deep Thinking Model" in the outpatient system, entered the patient's condition description, and the model quickly thought and gave an analysis of the cause, examination suggestions, and treatment plan. Subsequently, she asked other questions based on the answers. After review and comprehensive judgment by the director physician of the department, she formulated a treatment plan for the patient.

As a young doctor, Zhu Hongmei (祝红梅) effectively improved the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment by seeking help from the "DeepSeek Deep Thinking Model" in a timely manner when facing some complex cases in the outpatient clinic. "In the past, when encountering complex cases, it may be necessary to consult relevant literature or ask for help from mentors and senior colleagues, which would delay valuable outpatient time," said Zhu Hongmei (祝红梅).

In early March of this year, 363 Hospital (三六三医院) realized the localization deployment of the "DeepSeek Deep Thinking Model" by integrating clinical data such as electronic medical records and drug knowledge base, and integrated it into the daily business of outpatient clinics in some key specialties and resident workstations. Currently, more than 100 doctors in the hospital use the model in outpatient clinics every day.

"The model provides doctors with scientific and accurate medication recommendations in a conversational interactive way, especially in the treatment of complex diseases, it can provide professional and forward-looking medication suggestions, significantly optimize diagnosis and treatment efficiency, and greatly reduce the risk of misdiagnosis," said Peng Jia (彭佳), Minister of the Information Technology Department of 363 Hospital (三六三医院). The model is not connected to the external network, and the data used comes from the hospital's internal network, which maximizes the prevention of patient information leakage.

The National Center for Children's Medical Health (国家儿童医学中心) and Beijing Children's Hospital (北京儿童医院) affiliated to Capital Medical University (首都医科大学) officially released the pediatric large model "Futang·Baichuan (福棠·百川)" in March this year, and also released two AI applications based on the model: the primary version and expert version of AI pediatricians. The main purpose of the primary version is to improve the primary pediatric diagnosis and treatment capabilities, and its functions cover diagnosis and treatment, referral, training and science popularization modules, providing all-round help for primary pediatricians; the expert version focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of difficult and rare pediatric diseases, helping to improve clinical decision-making efficiency.

How to improve the accuracy of AI pediatricians? Ni Xin (倪鑫), director of the National Center for Children's Medical Health (国家儿童医学中心) and president of Beijing Children's Hospital (北京儿童医院), said that the core architecture of this pediatric large model integrates the clinical experience of more than 300 authoritative pediatric experts, and builds a three-dimensional knowledge system covering common and difficult pediatric diseases through structured clinical reasoning paradigm training. In addition, the model covers more than 40,000 guidelines and more than 38 million scientific research literatures, basically covering authoritative domestic and foreign pediatric clinical guidelines and scientific research literatures, and can make accurate judgments when facing various pediatric diseases.

The lower the risk of treating diseases, the better. Ni Xin (倪鑫) said that the "Futang·Baichuan (福棠·百川)" large model verifies the scientific nature of the model output through an evidence-based framework to reduce possible "AI hallucinations." At the same time, it supports personalized analysis, combines patient characteristics to match the best plan, dynamically tracks the latest research results of diseases, promotes precision medicine and standardization of diagnosis and treatment, and reduces the risk of misdiagnosis and over-treatment.

Nowadays, more and more medical institutions in China have begun to apply AI to medical services. According to incomplete statistics, more than 100 hospitals have completed the local deployment of DeepSeek, covering more than 20 provinces such as Beijing (北京), Shanghai (上海), Anhui (安徽), and Sichuan (四川), and some hospitals have developed specialized AI doctor models in cooperation with AI companies to provide assistance for doctors' diagnosis and treatment. In addition, AI is also applied to hospital patient services, scientific research, hospital management and other aspects, which improves the efficiency of hospital management and operation.

Artificial Intelligence + Medical Devices

Make Disease Diagnosis More Accurate

Wearing augmented reality (AR) glasses, a 3D model of the human lung is presented in front of you, and the nodule lesions in it are highlighted in bright colors. Pick up the puncture device and aim it at the lesion, and the distance between the puncture device and the lesion is displayed in real time in the glasses... Next to the product display stand of F拓知达 Company, with the assistance of the staff, the reporter experienced a simulated lung nodule resection operation with the help of AI+AR lung small nodule minimally invasive surgery solution, and the whole process was easy and simple.

Lung small nodules are very small, some are only a few millimeters, and it is difficult to locate them with the naked eye. In conventional resection surgery, repeated CT scans are required to perform puncture to determine the accurate location of lung small nodules, which takes a long time and has potential surgical risks. In order to solve this problem, F拓知达, together with large hospitals such as West China Hospital (华西医院) of Sichuan University (四川大学), has spent 7 years developing AI+AR lung small nodule minimally invasive surgery solution, and the lung nodule positioning marker has been approved for marketing in 2024.

"Based on a single preoperative CT scan of the patient to determine the location of the lung small nodule, by combining AI and AR, in the patient's general anesthesia state, the doctor only needs to wear AR glasses that support navigation function, and can directly puncture to the lung lesion area and release the marker under the support of intelligent algorithm, and then immediately carry out thoracoscopic surgery, which effectively improves the accuracy of the surgery and greatly reduces the patient's pain," said Sun Fei (孙非), CEO of F拓知达. The system reduces the difficulty for doctors to learn surgery, and young doctors can skillfully use the system through 2 hours of preoperative training and no more than 4 cases of surgical operation practice.

In addition to the surgical system, medical imaging equipment, with the help of AI, effectively improves the efficiency and accuracy of image diagnosis.

Not long ago, the Landong Road Community Health Service Center (兰东路社区卫生服务中心) in the West Coast New Area (西海岸新区) of Qingdao (青岛) City, Shandong (山东) Province, purchased a United Imaging Tianyan Intelligent CT (联影天眼智能CT), which covers AI solutions from patient placement, formulation of scanning plans, setting of scanning parameters to later auxiliary diagnosis.

In conventional CT scans, due to different clinical needs and individual differences of patients, even for the same part, such as lung scans, it is still necessary to set different scanning plans for each patient to ensure that the CT images meet the requirements of standard tomographic anatomy. Therefore, to formulate an accurate scanning plan, CT technicians need to master X-ray anatomy knowledge, which is one of the reasons why CT technicians need long-term training, and it is also a difficulty for primary medical institutions to use CT.

Intelligent equipment makes these "difficulties" easy to solve. This CT is equipped with intelligent Tianyan uAI vision, which can realize 360-degree human body 3D modeling based on 2D or 3D cameras, accurately calculate the scanning range and provide doctors with the best scanning plan, and can automatically remotely control the CT bed to move to the human body part that needs to be photographed, realizing one-button intelligent scanning, and primary medical institutions can also operate smoothly.

The person in charge of United Imaging Healthcare Technology (联影医疗) introduced that in the auxiliary diagnosis link, Tianyan Intelligent CT cooperates with relevant AI auxiliary diagnosis systems to help doctors perform image post-processing and auxiliary diagnosis, making the diagnosis results more objective and improving the efficiency and accuracy of diagnosis and treatment. For primary medical institutions, it can not only carry out inspection projects from scratch, greatly reduce missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses, but also bring more convenience to preoperative evaluation, surgical plan formulation and optimization, and postoperative efficacy analysis of clinical departments.

"China's AI medical devices have formed a large-scale application ecosystem, and medical imaging has become the most mature and widely used field of AI," said Hou Yang (侯阳), director of the Department of Radiological Imaging and director of the Department of Radiology at Shengjing Hospital (盛京医院) affiliated to China Medical University (中国医科大学). Some high-end medical imaging equipment, with the blessing of AI, has achieved detection accuracy of more than 90% in the fields of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular reconstruction and diagnosis, early screening of lung cancer, and liver cancer evaluation, which greatly shortens the time for radiologists to read films.

Artificial Intelligence + Drug Research and Development

Accelerate the Pace of New Drug Research and Development

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic scarring lung disease characterized by progressive and irreversible decline in lung function, with approximately 5 million patients worldwide. The prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is not ideal, and the median survival time of patients is only 3 to 4 years, which is also known as "cancer that is not cancer."

Fortunately, these patients can now see new dawn for drug treatment. In September last year, under the leadership of Xu Zuojun (徐作军), chief physician of the Department of Respiratory Medicine at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院), the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treatment drug independently developed by AI pharmaceutical company Insilico Medicine Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. (英矽智能科技（上海）有限公司) completed the Phase II clinical trial.

"Preliminary clinical results show that the drug not only has good safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic characteristics, but also meets the evaluation criteria of the efficacy endpoint. After 12 weeks of treatment, the patient's vital capacity showed a dose-dependent improvement, showing encouraging therapeutic potential," said Wang Jue (王珏), Vice President and Head of External Cooperation in Asia Pacific of Insilico Medicine. The preclinical research and development of the drug, including target identification and molecular design, were deeply involved in Insilico Medicine's generative AI, which shortened the research and development time by 2/3 and significantly reduced the research and development costs.

"The biggest feature of this drug research and development is that it is completed under the drive of AI technology," said Xu Zuojun (徐作军). Conventional clinical drug research and development or experiments, drug research and development are studied from the pathogenesis, and then the experiment is used to see whether the drug works. The research and development of this drug uses AI to analyze and compare data to find clues, and then uses AI to help design and generate molecules.

As early as 2022, Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd. (上海复星医药（集团）股份有限公司) began to enter the AI pharmaceutical track with the help of AI drug design tools. "Three years ago, we started strategic cooperation with Insilico Medicine to jointly promote the AI drug research and development of related targets. As of the end of 2024, the first small molecule drug jointly developed by both parties for the treatment of hematological tumors and solid tumors has entered the Phase I clinical research stage," said Wang Xingli (王兴利), Executive President and Chief Executive Officer of the Global Research and Development Center of the company.

Wang Xingli's (王兴利) team found in the process of drug research and development that AI tools can not only be applied to the early molecular design level, but also can be applied to the entire drug research and development process. Starting in 2023, Fosun Pharmaceutical (复星医药) established the "PharmAID" decision-making intelligence platform, and connected to DeepSeek R1 this year. "The platform builds an intelligent decision-making network covering the entire life cycle of innovative research and development scenarios, which greatly improves the efficiency of drug research and development and accelerates the transformation of research and development results. In addition, the platform has AI translation, AI medical writing and revision functions, which significantly improves the information acquisition efficiency and writing efficiency of the research and development team," said Wang Xingli (王兴利).

"Compared with traditional drug research and development, the core value of AI is reflected in the optimization of the entire chain of drug research and development, the significant compression of research and development costs, and the significant improvement of research and development efficiency," said Wang Xiaojian (汪小涧), researcher and doctoral supervisor of the Institute of Materia Medica of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院药物研究所). For example, in the target discovery stage, AI can analyze massive data of genomics, proteomics and other omics, and quickly predict potential targets through accurate simulation of the three-dimensional structure of proteins, improving efficiency and accuracy; in the molecular design and screening stage, AI-assisted virtual screening can effectively reduce the number of experiments, generate new compound structures, and improve the efficiency of new drug discovery.

In China, the application of AI in drug research and development is becoming more in-depth. Wang Xiaojian (汪小涧) introduced that at the technical level, major domestic pharmaceutical research institutions have developed a variety of AI tools to promote the process of new drug research and development and improve efficiency. For example, the Institute of Materia Medica of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院药物研究所) has established a machine learning-based molecular design system, which optimizes the structure of compounds through deep learning algorithms, significantly improving the speed and accuracy of new drug discovery. In terms of industrial practice, there are more than 100 domestic AI pharmaceutical companies, and a number of drugs are in the clinical trial stage, and are expected to be launched in the near future.

Reporter's Notes

Doctors Have Smart "Good Assistants"

The diagnosis and treatment level of AI pediatricians even exceeds that of attending physicians, and the accuracy of automatic diagnosis of some diseases by AI-enabled imaging equipment exceeds 90%, which is no less than that of radiologists... The progress of AI in the field of medical health is both amazing and raises questions: AI is so powerful, will it replace doctors in the future?

In fact, for doctors, AI is just an auxiliary tool. With AI as a "plug-in," it is equivalent to having smart "good assistants" around doctors.

Compared with the human brain, AI is more suitable for repetitive and tedious work, while the human brain is more suitable for creative work. With the help of AI, doctors can greatly improve the efficiency of repetitive and tedious work such as medical record writing, case analysis, literature search, and image analysis, and free up more time to do high-difficulty surgery, engage in disease research, and invest in teaching and other creative work. That is to say, AI can reduce the burden on doctors, but it is impossible to replace doctors in completing all the work.

At the same time, it must be recognized that medicine is not only a science, but also a discipline full of humanistic care. When saving lives and helping the wounded, doctors face living people, and their work is warm and always shines with the light of humanity. A doctor's smile and greeting can give patients strength and ignite the hope of life. AI is ultimately software and cold machines, without human emotions. As patients, they certainly do not want to entrust their lives to them without emotions.

Of course, technological progress will not stop, and the application of AI in the field of medical health will be more in-depth. For the entire industry, it is destined to bring no small changes. But no matter how it changes, AI is always an auxiliary tool for doctors. It is the responsibility of doctors and the expectation of patients to make full use of this tool to better serve the people's health.

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Keep a close watch on the "price gate" for the masses seeking medical treatment (Operating Room Light)

By: 孙秀艳

After being discharged from the hospital and settling the bill, the lengthy itemized bill contains many incomprehensible expenses. An MRI scan in Province A costs 450 yuan, but in Province B, it may become more than 500 yuan, and there may also be different material costs. Such situations are not uncommon and bring a lot of confusion and inconvenience to the public.

With the recent release of the "Guidelines for Project Establishment of Cardiovascular System and Nervous System Medical Service Prices (Trial)," the National Healthcare Security Administration (国家医保局) has issued nearly 30 related guidelines to date, which means that the standardized unification of national medical service price projects has entered a "fast lane."

Medical service price projects are the pricing units for medical institutions to provide diagnosis and treatment services, which are the "consultation fees," "nursing fees," "surgical fees," and various examination and testing fees that everyone is familiar with. Medical service prices involve more than 1.4 billion people, the vast number of medical staff, and medical institutions. They are related to the overall expenditure of medical insurance and also to the people's wallets.

For a long time, medical service prices have been managed locally by each province. The local pharmaceutical price authorities formulate price projects and determine price levels. The number, connotation, and granularity of price projects vary greatly between regions. Some regions have as few as four or five thousand projects, while others have more than 20,000. Some projects with the same name have completely different service connotations in different provinces. This not only increases the billing burden of medical institutions and is not conducive to the standardized management and supervision of medical service prices, but also does not meet the actual needs of direct settlement of medical treatment in different places. Not only that, but different standards have also spawned many unreasonable charging items, and there is an urgent need to unify charging standards and control the "price gate" for the public to see a doctor.

The long-standing problems with medical service charges need to be solved through reform. In August 2021, eight departments jointly issued the "Pilot Program for Deepening the Reform of Medical Service Prices," hoping to promote the establishment of a scientific and dynamic adjustment mechanism for the formation of medical service prices through reform, to ensure the overall stability of the public burden, the affordability of medical insurance funds, and the sustainable healthy development of public medical institutions.

Since last year, the medical insurance department has continued to accelerate the pace of price reform. The project establishment guidelines for medical service prices are issued in batches as they mature, and they are standardized and implemented in batches. The project establishment guidelines systematically reshape the existing price projects. Whether it is the project name, service output, price composition, or additional and extended items, they are more accurate and have clearer boundaries.

Enhance the accessibility and inclusiveness of medical services. Focusing on the diverse medical needs of the public, there have been many breakthroughs in the establishment of medical service prices. For example, a new "air medical transfer" price project has been established to support medical institutions in providing cross-regional emergency medical services for critically ill patients; new price projects such as "home service fee," "family sickbed establishment fee," and "hospice care" have been established to match the care needs of an aging population.

Effectively promote the improvement of medical service quality. The project establishment guidelines focus on reflecting the technical labor value of clinical medical staff, especially giving more price policy support to high-difficulty technologies, and exploring appropriate differentiated pricing for senior medical staff. This will play a role in guaranteeing the reasonable income of medical staff, stimulating their work enthusiasm, and improving service capabilities and quality.

Support the fastest application of new technologies in clinical practice. The establishment of several "brand new" service price projects such as brain-computer interface, artificial heart, and proton radiotherapy means that the project establishment guidelines will provide strong support for new technologies and new projects to enter clinical applications, which is conducive to innovative technologies entering medical institutions to serve patients.

Of course, the project establishment guidelines are only a technical document. To enable the guidelines to play the role of "controlling the price gate," it is necessary for local medical insurance departments to do a good job in implementing the new project establishment guidelines, and it depends on the active cooperation of medical institutions. Last year, after the "Guidelines for Project Establishment of Radiological Examination Medical Service Prices (Trial)" was issued, various places standardized the prices of radiological examination medical service projects. Currently, medical insurance departments in 22 provinces have formulated specific price plans. Among them, the prices of PET/CT examinations, which have higher charging levels in hospital radiological examinations, have decreased significantly. For example, the price of PET/CT in Anhui Province (安徽省) has been reduced from 5,000 yuan per site to 2,500 yuan, and the whole-body scan has also been reduced from 6,700 yuan to 4,980 yuan, effectively reducing the burden on patients.

To protect people's health, it is necessary to work together to control the "price gate" for seeing a doctor. It is expected that relevant departments and units will proceed from the health needs of the people and the sustainable development of medical institutions, actively implement the guidelines, promote medical institutions to charge reasonably in accordance with laws and regulations, make hospital charges clearer, and make patient payments more understandable.

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Traditional Chinese medicine approaches to preventing and treating heatstroke (TCM Health Preservation)

By: 宗彼安

As the Dragon Boat Festival approaches, some areas are experiencing high temperatures, and heatstroke can easily occur if precautions are not taken. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) believes that heatstroke is mostly caused by external heat and dampness, combined with insufficient vital energy in the body. TCM prevention and treatment of heatstroke follows a holistic approach, focusing on clearing heat and removing dampness, supplemented by replenishing qi and nourishing yin.

Dietary Conditioning. Mung bean and lily soup can clear heat and relieve summer heat, as well as clear the mind and nourish the spirit. Sour plum soup can promote body fluid production to quench thirst and clear summer heat to stimulate the appetite. Lotus leaf porridge can clear summer heat, promote diuresis and dispel dampness, promote body fluid production and relieve vomiting, and relieve symptoms such as thirst, nausea, and vomiting caused by heatstroke.

Acupoint Massage. Use the thumb or index finger to press Hegu acupoint, Neiguan acupoint, Quchi acupoint, etc. Pressing each acupoint for 1-3 minutes can effectively treat heatstroke. Hegu acupoint is located at the tiger's mouth on the back of the hand; Neiguan acupoint is located on the inner side of the forearm, three finger-widths above the wrist crease, between the two tendons; when the elbow is flexed, the end of the elbow crease is the Quchi acupoint.

Gua Sha to Unblock Meridians. TCM believes that heatstroke belongs to the category of "Sha syndrome." By stimulating the meridians through Gua Sha, it can "open the pores and expel evil outwards," promote local blood circulation, help dissipate heat, and relieve symptoms such as dizziness, chest tightness, and nausea. Scraping from the Yintang acupoint to the center of the hairline until local redness or Sha spots appear can regulate the Du meridian and awaken the mind, which is suitable for patients with dizziness and heavy head. Using the point scraping method, scrape from the Neiguan acupoint to local soreness or redness, which can calm the mind and soothe the nerves, harmonize the stomach and reverse the adverse flow of qi, which is suitable for patients with chest tightness and palpitations.

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Editor in Charge for This Section: Yang Yanfan

Layout Design: Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)

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Dragon Soars East (A Reportage)

By: 吴基伟 杨 柳 朱西蓉

J-10!

The third generation of domestically produced fighter jets!

On May 17, 2025, a news program on China Central Television (中央广播电视总台) reported that the J-10CE aircraft, independently developed and exported by the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (中国航空工业集团), achieved its first actual combat results, successfully shooting down multiple enemy aircraft in foreign combat without any losses.

On May 20, 2025, the Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition in Malaysia opened. The J-10CE, exhibited as a model, attracted a dense stream of military and political delegations from more than 20 countries in a single day.

Silent vows, marked by time!

The J-10 aircraft is a major achievement, a crystallization of wisdom, and a model of innovation for the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (中国航空工业集团), demonstrating the great spirit and style of Chinese aviation personnel who strive for self-improvement and dedicate their blood and even their lives to composing magnificent songs for the blue sky and serving the motherland.

What is the meaning of home and country?

The heavy frost is all the blood of the heart, scattered on the thousand peaks, turning autumn leaves red.

In the late 1970s, as the country opened up and exchanges increased, we suddenly realized that developed countries such as the United States and France had begun to study advanced aerodynamic layout schemes and advanced technologies for fighter jets, and had successively developed high-maneuverability fighter jets such as the F-16 and Mirage 2000. However, the main aircraft types equipped by the Chinese Air Force could no longer meet the needs of modernizing national defense weapons and equipment in terms of range, maneuverability, firepower, and electronic equipment.

Developing new aircraft to narrow the gap was imminent. The Party Central Committee, with foresight and decisive decision-making, stated: "Develop a new fighter jet with good performance" so that the Chinese Air Force could be equipped with advanced weapons independently developed by our country by the beginning of the 21st century.

In 1982, on a bright spring day, the "New 06" conference was held in Beijing (北京). Famous experts from the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (国防科工委), the Air Force, and the Ministry of Aviation Industry, as well as well-known professors from universities, gathered together. Song Wencong (宋文骢), chief designer of the Chengdu Aircraft Design Institute (成都飞机设计研究所) (hereinafter referred to as "Chengdu Institute"), under the Ministry of Aviation Industry, confidently stepped onto the podium, holding a canard layout aircraft model he had made. The crystal-clear plexiglass was refracted and split by the strong light of the projector, and a colorful aircraft was projected onto the screen. "How beautiful!" people exclaimed.

Song Wencong (宋文骢) explained the aircraft's mission, tasks, tactical performance, weapons, fire control, airframe structure, and other aspects one by one. The dozens of minutes of explanation were wonderful and vivid, full of the fruitful results of more than ten years of dedicated research by the researchers at the Chengdu Institute (成都飞机设计研究所), winning warm applause from the audience.

It was in 1970 that the designers in the small and crowded general group office of the Chengdu Institute (成都飞机设计研究所) began to work on the demonstration of the J-9 aircraft technical plan. "Cancel the horizontal tail that generates negative lift and use the canard wing that generates positive lift to improve the aircraft's lift characteristics." Someone boldly proposed such an idea. A series of subsequent experiments fully demonstrated the potential and advantages of the new layout.

In September of that year, the first set of high- and low-speed models of the new aerodynamic layout were sent to Peking University (北京大学) for wind tunnel testing. By the early 1980s, the Chengdu Institute (成都飞机设计研究所) had conducted nearly 10,000 wind tunnel tests in the research of the new layout and had written dozens of research reports. They conducted arduous research on structural strength, materials, systems, and equipment, laying a solid foundation for the research of the new layout of the J-10 aircraft.

In the mid-1980s, after repeated demonstrations, the leaders of the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (国防科工委) officially announced that the canard aerodynamic layout scheme would be the overall scheme for China's new generation of fighter jets. When the news came, the Chengdu Institute (成都飞机设计研究所) was boiling! The entire aviation industry was boiling! Subsequently, the State Council (国务院) and the Central Military Commission (中央军委) officially approved the J-10 aircraft project.

Chinese aviation personnel, carrying the great expectations of the motherland and the heavy responsibility on their shoulders, embarked on a long journey to climb the peak of aviation science and technology.

What is the meaning of career?

After gathering hundreds of flowers to make honey, flying to the highest clouds, one can see the truth.

The J-10 aircraft is China's completely independently designed and developed third-generation advanced fighter jet. According to research and development conventions, a full-size prototype must be manufactured before the prototype is developed. Today, walking into the Chengfei Park (成飞公园) in the southwest of the motherland, several tall and mighty fighter jets attract Chinese and foreign tourists to take photos. People may not imagine how difficult it was to build a J-10 prototype more than 30 years ago.

The development of the J-10 aircraft is a complex system engineering project, involving many departments, new technologies, high requirements, great difficulty, and a long development cycle. During the development process, the administrative command system and designer system of the J-10 aircraft were established according to the levels of system engineering. In major battles such as the 1:1 full-size metal prototype, structural drawing release, "three trials and one matching, one group construction," on-site scheduling was implemented by the hour to supervise and accelerate the prototype development progress.

Developing a full-size prototype is an important turning point for the aircraft's first transformation from a design plan to a physical object. Song Wencong (宋文骢) decisively instructed the overall office to put forward the technical requirements for the prototype and, on behalf of the chief designer system and the administrative command system, conducted in-depth research and put forward ideas.

At the end of 1989, the higher authorities issued the task of developing a full-size prototype, requiring it to be completed in less than two years.

The development of a full-size metal prototype was unprecedented in the history of the entire Ministry of Aviation Industry. The Chengdu Institute (成都飞机设计研究所) and Chengdu Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. (成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司) (hereinafter referred to as "Chengfei") jointly fought and formulated a detailed engineering plan network diagram. The entire research and development line adhered to the glorious tradition of "the back wall does not fall," worked hard, had both soaring enthusiasm and a scientific and rigorous style, had both detailed division of labor and brotherly unity and cooperation, did not care about personal gains and losses, and desperately attacked the "fortress." On the wall of the prototype factory, the plan network diagram was very eye-catching, with hundreds of nodes on it. Each time a node was completed, a small red flag would be inserted. Don't underestimate these small red flags; they greatly encouraged all the participants in the research. Every day, everyone was accustomed to seeing where the red flag was inserted and who was running ahead of time. Everyone chased each other, and the working atmosphere was tense, warm, and orderly.

The prototype assembly was carried out in the scorching August, and the temperature in the factory was as high as 40 degrees Celsius, as hot as a steamer. The doctors on site often reminded everyone: "Drink some water and take a break before continuing." But no one listened to the persuasion, and everyone was determined to climb this dangerous peak as soon as possible. The sound of rivet guns and machines on the site rose and fell one after another. Because there was no power source for the landing gear retraction and extension, the designers and workers carried it up and down together, and the work ladder was full of technicians and workers. The comrades of the quality inspection team strictly controlled every process, and there could be no difference in the slightest. Quality inspection was the last checkpoint. If the quality inspection did not stamp, the small red flag could not be inserted. When the small red flag was inserted into the last node of the plan network diagram, the clock was pointing to 6 a.m. on August 27, 1991.

The mighty and tall J-10 metal prototype can be called a miracle in the history of Chinese aviation. Even internationally, such a 1:1 full-size metal prototype is extremely rare and extremely shocking. However, Chinese aviation personnel did it!

What is the meaning of courage and perseverance?

Wearing golden armor in hundreds of battles in the yellow sand, one will never return without breaking Loulan.

Design drawings are an important basis for aircraft trial production. Only when the blueprint is sent to the factory does it mean the start of trial production. The design drawing release of the J-10 aircraft was different from other aircraft types in China at that time. It adopted advanced computer-aided design. In the early 1990s, computers were still rare, and even the research institute could not guarantee one for each person. Moreover, at that time, the Chengdu Institute (成都飞机设计研究所) only had dozens of terminals, which could not meet the needs of hundreds of people going online at the same time. Tens of thousands of A4 drawings had to be traced on time, and it was difficult for the intelligence information room with only a few tracers to complete the task. What to do?

Decompose layer by layer! Decompose the scientific research plan for design drawing release layer by layer according to the drawing number. Each drawing number clearly specifies the design负责人, the proofreading 负责人, the review, etc., and the 负责人 and dates of the professional countersigning are all included in the plan, turning the heavy workload into everyone's conscious action—"Everyone carries a heavy burden, and everyone has indicators on their shoulders," quickly setting off a lively scene of drawing release competition. The design office and the computer room became battlefields without gunpowder, and the computer keyboard became a modern weapon for conquering fortresses. "Our eyes are not good, and we are not as good as young people in using computers, so let's use our experience to be responsible for the sketch drawing of key components." The old comrades put forward reasonable suggestions. "At this critical moment, we should take on heavy responsibilities!" The young people responded positively.

In order to speed up the progress, some drawings were drawn manually. When drawing, one had to walk back and forth around the tall drawing board for more than 10 hours a day. When tired of standing, sit down and rest for a while. When the eyes were tired, look out the window. One sketch after another was drawn stroke by stroke, and joy appeared on the tired faces. But how to input these drawings into the computer as soon as possible was still a problem.

After fierce discussions, a consensus was finally reached: let the machine run 24 hours a day, and the designers work in shifts, taking turns!

In this way, the "office-home" two-point line, everyone fought day and night. When hungry, eat something casually and then lie on the drawing board; when sleepy and unable to open their eyes, go home and take a nap, and then rush back to the office, fearing that the ideas would slip away in their sleep. Dashed lines, solid lines, triangles, squares, three-dimensional, plane... using thousands of combinations, drawing a beautiful blueprint for the motherland's aviation industry!

Finally, the drawings that originally required a cycle of one and a half to two years were completed by the designers in only one year!

What is the meaning of soul?

Do earth-shattering things, be an anonymous person.

Independent innovation is a powerful driving force for promoting the continuous progress of J-10 development. From the beginning of the J-10 project, the Party Central Committee clearly put forward the guiding principle of "independence, self-reliance, self-reliance, and independent development."

In March 1996, the golden rapeseed flowers on the Chengdu Plain (成都平原) heralded the arrival of spring. In the iron bird test hall of the Chengdu Institute (成都飞机设计研究所), the magnificent iron bird platform was ready to go. The designer calmly stepped into the iron bird test cockpit, holding the throttle lever in his left hand, the control stick in his right hand, and stepping on the pedals with both feet. Outside the cabin, dozens of pairs of eyes stared nervously at the visual reproduction screen.

Power on. Open the hydraulic system. The flight control works normally! Add throttle. Taxi. Take off! Various status indicator lights flashed, and the test data and curves were quickly analyzed, processed, printed, and checked. Conclusion: Correct!

The first physical flight simulation test of the flight control was successful! After a long battle of 7 years, the iron bird platform finally passed the acceptance as scheduled.

Let us turn the calendar back to 1990.

For the flight control system related to aircraft safety, a large number of sufficient ground tests must be carried out. It is urgent to carry out iron bird tests and set up an iron bird platform. The iron bird platform is large in scale, highly automated, and has many problems. Facing the endless stream of new problems, the entire research and development line was not afraid, constantly learning new knowledge, mastering new technologies, and solving new problems, achieving one innovation after another.

In response to the characteristics of the J-10 aircraft with many control rudder surfaces, Tang Qingquan (唐庆泉), a Communist Party member in his fifties, proposed a platform-group layout and a platform scheme in which a mesh structure was adopted between the sub-platforms to ensure the manufacturing and installation accuracy, and he started to make a coordination model. During this period, he worked overtime continuously, rushed to release drawings, went to the factory production site to solve problems, and successfully completed the design, production, and installation of the platform with his colleagues. At the same time, the Iron Bird Control Monitoring Recording System (CMRS) team worked day and night to compile the "Preliminary System Definition" report of the control, monitoring, and recording computer system for the iron bird test, and determined the plan of purchasing control machines, simulation machines, and high-precision acquisition systems, and developing experimental application software and some subsystems domestically. The establishment work was fully launched. The flight control sensor and actuator interface cabinets had many clues, and the experimental cable wires were more than 100 kilometers long. With solid professional knowledge, the researchers installed and debugged a complete set of hydraulic systems and aerodynamic load systems, experimental control consoles, etc. by themselves. The iron bird test operating software package and other difficult problems were successively overcome.

Another key facility of the flight control system is the flight quality simulator. It is a giant motion platform that simulates aircraft flight, equipped with a simulation cockpit and display equipment. Through the operation of the flight software package, the operator can obtain the feeling of flying in the blue sky, which is used to check and evaluate the design correctness and flight quality effect of the flight control law. The installation workload of the simulator motion platform system is large and the difficulty is high. Facing this precise and active behemoth, everyone repeatedly analyzed it, independently designed special templates and tools, and formulated an installation plan. Xu Shicheng (徐世诚), an old comrade in charge of installation, worked more than ten hours a day and was still thinking about how to ensure the installation quality when he returned home. Other technicians also did their best to control various technical checkpoints.

In the integrated debugging, the frame cycle mismatch between the simulator system and the flight application software became a new stumbling block. The tackling team was established. Facing tens of thousands of computer programs, the designers analyzed the structure and looked for the reasons. Entering the computer room in the morning, the sky was dark. Walking out of the computer room at night, the sky was still dark. Modify, test, modify again, test again. After half a year of hard work, a solution was finally found. A stone hanging in everyone's heart finally landed!

The core part of the flight quality simulator operation is the flight software package. Wang Haifeng (王海峰), a technical backbone, resolutely took on the heavy responsibility and, together with his comrades, completed tens of thousands of flight package software changes and, on this basis, gradually upgraded the first flight configuration flight package to provide an application basis for iron bird and on-board tests.

Miracles, one miracle after another, were born in countless days and nights of struggle: the first domestically designed ventral air intake, the only domestic bubble-type cockpit, the first domestic fighter jet to pass the 100% static test of the entire aircraft at one time, the first domestic design of the new aircraft structure according to damage tolerance and durability, the first domestic completion of the full aircraft transonic flutter test...

The J-10 aircraft is shining with the light of independent innovation everywhere!

"Domestic first," "international advanced level," "filling the gap"... These hard-won comments highlight the Chinese aviation personnel's steel will to overcome difficulties and bravely climb the peak, and are permeated with the valuable spirit of bold innovation and collaborative tackling of the entire research and development line.

What is the meaning of responsibility?

Jade becomes a useful object after being polished, and a sword buried in the ground can be relied on to reach the sky.

Whenever the comrades of Chengfei (成飞) talk about how the first J-10 aircraft was assembled, they always mention "5·18."

In 1997, the development and production of the J-10 aircraft entered the sprint stage of overcoming difficulties. According to the aircraft's life requirements, thousands of rivet holes in the middle fuselage could not be drilled with a drill bit, but could only be reamed manually. Each hole required 4 reamers to be processed, and sealant had to be applied to perform airtight and oil-tight tests. The first assembly of the middle fuselage was coordinated more than 20 times up and down, so the progress was somewhat delayed.

At the critical moment, General Manager Yang Baoshu (杨宝树) encouraged everyone not to be discouraged. He said to Zhang Hengshan (张恒善), the director of the workshop: "I have only one requirement for you: the three sections must be removed from the frame on May 18. I don't care what measures you take, and you can ask for any conditions." Zhang Hengshan (张恒善) patted his chest and said: "We will organize three shifts, schedule by the hour, and if we can advance by 1 minute, we will never delay by 60 seconds, and we will guarantee that the three sections will be removed from the frame on '5·18'."

There is no joking in the "military," and the battle will start immediately!

Due to the vulcanization period of the sealant, repeated disassembly and assembly are prone to leakage, so the riveting speed must not only be fast but also successful at one time. The summer heat was unbearable, and the rivets became dark after being coated with glue. The assembly workers could hardly see the rivets after entering the fuselage. They took out the superb skills they had practiced and climbed up and down more than a dozen times a day, lying down for several hours at a time. Overcoming difficulties and fighting continuously, the workers of the assembly plant guarded the "5·18" defense line, ensuring the smooth removal of the cockpit section, the middle fuselage section, and the No. 1 fuel tank section from the frame!

After the unremitting efforts of the entire line of participants in the research, in 1998, the moment that the Chinese aviation industry had been looking forward to finally arrived.
On March 23, the J-10 prototype was slowly pushed out of the hangar by a tractor. Chief Engineer Xue Chishou (薛炽寿) insisted on walking 2,000 meters, accompanying the aircraft to the take-off line the entire way. His steps were steady and firm, like a father sending his child to take the most important exam of their life.

Test pilot Lei Qiang (雷强) bore tremendous psychological pressure. Before the first flight, his pulse soared to 150 beats per minute, far exceeding the normal heart rate for pilots. Amidst people's expectant gazes, Lei Qiang piloted the J-10 prototype into the sky, soaring with outstretched wings, achieving a successful first flight! Upon successful landing, Lei Qiang tightly embraced Chief Designer Song Wencong (宋文骢), excitedly saying, "This is a real fighter jet! I only had one thought at the time: as long as the engine is still running, even if I crash, I will crash on the runway!"

Also on this day, Song Wencong (宋文骢), who regarded the J-10 as his own life, changed his birthday to March 23rd of each year.

The State Council (国务院) and the Central Military Commission (中央军委) sent congratulatory telegrams: "The successful first flight of the J-10 was hard-won, and the work ahead is a long and arduous journey. We hope that you will continue to promote the spirit of great collaboration and selfless dedication, carefully organize, overcome difficulties, 再接再厉 (zài jiē zài lì - "make persistent efforts," to continue to put in more effort), ensure quality, accelerate the pace of development, so that the model can complete design finalization and equip the troops as soon as possible, and write a more glorious new chapter for the modernization of national defense!"

The "Pili" missile target test was a key task for the J-10 aircraft to achieve finalization.

The autumn sky was clear and the northwest target test range was cloudless. The J-10 aircraft, carrying the "Pili" missile, soared into the sky to conduct the planned first missile launch test. At 10:00 AM, the carrier aircraft steadily intercepted the target. The launch button was pressed, and the "Pili" missile shot out like an arrow, hitting the target in one fell swoop!

For this moment, the Chengdu Institute (成都所) organized a flight test team composed of elite soldiers and strong generals from various specialties such as airborne electronic systems, software, weapons, radar, bus, and simulation, working at the target test site for more than six months, successfully completing all the preparation work before the live ammunition target test.

Within a short month from the first hit, four target test missions were completed one after another. The tremendous achievements of the target test wrote a rich and colorful stroke for the J-10 aircraft's finalization.

In order to adjust the flight test and ensure the smooth progress of the finalization flight test, the flight test representative office stationed in various flight test bases, sending elite soldiers and strong generals to ensure the adjustment flight test, finalization flight test, and troop modification flight test work.

"The lone smoke rises straight in the desert, the long river sets round the sun." People who come to the western front for the first time will be intoxicated by this spectacular scene. However, after a long time, it feels monotonous and boring. In winter, the sun, which seems particularly distant, makes it difficult to feel a trace of warmth; in summer, the sun diligently climbs over the tips of the camel thorns at five or six in the morning, waking people up with bright light, until eight or nine in the evening, when the sun dyes the clouds on the horizon red. However, regardless of the cold winter or the hot summer, the research and development and service support personnel still invest in their work with the greatest enthusiasm. In winter, frozen hands and red noses cannot stop everyone's troubleshooting steps; in summer, sunburned, injured, and blurred eyes, sweating like rain and exhausted, cannot shake the determination to ensure the flight of the warplanes.

At the same time, in the distant eastern front, there is also an active chase flight team. They face the same harsh working environment and heavy tasks. Just after the Spring Festival, the first batch of eastern front flight test support personnel set off for their destination. The dormitory building built at the eastern front station had not yet been completed, so everyone lived in the troops' barracks. The dormitory was chilling, and many comrades' hands developed frostbite almost overnight, which was unbearably itchy. The aircraft hangar in the outer field was even more drafty, but everyone didn't mind, working selflessly at the troubleshooting site in the face of the biting cold wind. In their hearts, there is a common and firm belief: to finalize the J-10 aircraft as soon as possible!

During the flight test, the air force test pilots, represented by Lei Qiang (雷强) and Li Zhonghua (李中华), with an overwhelming heroic spirit and extremely superb flight test technology, pushed the J-10 aircraft's flight envelope to an unprecedented boundary, creating an international record of no crashes during the finalization flight test of third-generation aircraft, and advancing the process of aircraft finalization. Under the hard work of the entire research and development front, they pioneered the precedent of finalization in the same year and mass equipment of troops in the same year.

The successful development of the J-10 aircraft has achieved the three major goals established at the time of project approval: to develop a new generation of aircraft that adapts to the combat environment after 2000 and has a world-class level; to establish an advanced fighter jet research and development base for third-generation aircraft research and development and professional support; and to cultivate a team of aviation technical talents with high quality, excellent technology, and a tough style.

What is a pioneer?

"The young steed gallops towards the clouds, the old horse strolls leisurely through the small mountains."

"Our J-10 aircraft is already 18 years old this year, and today, it can finally join the army to serve the country!" In 2003, at the official handover ceremony of the J-10 aircraft, Chief Designer Song Wencong (宋文骢) said slowly and affectionately. The people at the scene had tears in their eyes and responded with warm applause. If the J-10 aircraft is a child, then no one knows this difficult growth process better than the child's father, Song Wencong (宋文骢). Today, when China's warplanes amaze the world, when we are proud of our motherland, we even more unforgettable are the Chinese aviation people, represented by Song Wencong (宋文骢), who have worked hard for China's new generation of warplanes.

"Everything is for the J-10 aircraft, the J-10 aircraft is everything to me." Song Wencong's (宋文骢) life and life are intertwined with the J-10 aircraft. From the germination of model pre-research and innovation to the project approval of the J-10 aircraft, from the first handmade model to the successful first flight of the 01 aircraft, from design finalization to equipment of troops, he has devoted all his efforts. For the highest interests of the country, he devoted himself to research and devoted his life's energy to the great cause of China's aviation industry taking off. In 2009, Song Wencong (宋文骢) was selected as a touching figure of the year in China. The award speech reads: "Suffering in his youth, he had lofty ambitions to save the country; in his middle age, he worked hard, surging with the ambition to strengthen the country. Today, his blood has flowed into the steel eagle."

Song Wencong (宋文骢), together with the J-10 aircraft independently developed by China with independent intellectual property rights, will forever shine in the glorious historical record of China's aviation industry taking off. His noble sentiments and excellent character inspire countless later aviation people.

Song Wencong (宋文骢) is a representative of a group of people. They quietly sneak, silently rush, and the mountains and rivers will forever remember them.

Yang Baoshu (杨宝树), the then on-site commander-in-chief and chairman of Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group (成飞公司), endured heavy pressure and devoted all his efforts, but unfortunately, he was knocked down by ruthless illness on the eve of the J-10 aircraft's imminent success. The doctor complained to his family, why didn't you come to see a doctor earlier, you don't cherish your life too much! It's not that Yang Baoshu (杨宝树) didn't cherish his life, but he couldn't bear to spend time going to the hospital for a physical examination, the burden on his shoulders was too heavy. In the last days of his life, at Yang Baoshu's (杨宝树) several requests, the hospital sent him back to Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group (成飞) for the last time in an ambulance. He dragged his weak body to the J-10 aircraft, stroking the aircraft that had accompanied him for countless days and nights like stroking his own child, his eyes revealing too much nostalgia - from the prime of his youth, he had linked his fate with the motherland's aviation industry, but at this time, the illness did not allow him to see the J-10 aircraft complete its finalization flight test and eventually equip the troops. When his condition deteriorated and he was in a deep coma, he was still murmuring: "Fly up... pull up! Pull up again!..."

One person spent 20 years participating in the research and development of a key model, overcoming difficulties and working hard without complaint. Just when people were about to celebrate the design finalization of the J-10 aircraft, he was stubbornly fighting against the disease. He is Xu De (许德), deputy chief engineer of Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group (成飞公司) and chief supervisor of the J-10 aircraft trial production. When transferring to the western front base for flight test, Xu De (许德) already felt unwell, but he still insisted on rushing to the work site, working around the clock every day. After all the work was completed, he returned to Chengdu for medical treatment, and after an examination, he learned that it was rectal cancer. Lying in the hospital bed, Xu De (许德) was still concerned about the research and development of the J-10 aircraft. This is the deep affection of an aviation expert for the aviation industry and for the motherland.

In 1988, Xiao Dangsheng (肖党生), an expert in aviation electromechanical system control technology, was sent to the Federal Republic of Germany to study control and testing technology. After completing his studies, he resolutely rejected the high salaries offered by many German companies and the school's warm retention, and returned to his motherland. Subsequently, Xiao Dangsheng (肖党生) presided over the development and research project of the digital environmental control controller. On the second day of the environmental control controller finalization meeting, he was admitted to the hospital due to late-stage gastric cancer... On January 14, 2004, on the eve of model finalization, Xiao Dangsheng (肖党生), 48, passed away forever with his love for the aviation industry and infinite regrets.

Zhang Linrui (张林瑞), a researcher in the wing surface strength group of the structural analysis and design research office, has struggled for the motherland's aviation industry for more than 30 years and has rich experience in aircraft structural analysis and design. Approaching retirement, he, like the young people in the group, devoted himself to the tense work with great enthusiasm and dedication. In April 2004, when the J-10 aircraft design finalization review meeting was grandly held, Zhang Linrui (张林瑞) left peacefully. The smooth finalization of the J-10 aircraft should be the best gift to send him off.

There are also Zhang Rongfang (张荣芳), Yuan Chengchang (袁承昌), Zhou Chunxi (周纯喜), Pan Jingfang (潘景芳), Chang Longsheng (常龙生)... and Xu Shunshou (徐舜寿), Huang Zhiqian (黄志千), Wu Daguan (吴大观), Luo Yang (罗阳)... Their names accompany the new China's aviation industry from scratch, from weak to strong. Their names will be forever remembered by aviation people, and will be forever remembered by the motherland and the people.

What is magnificence?

"Stepping up to a new journey, the mainstay is the main peak."

The historical trend is rolling forward; the great cause of the times is a magnificent journey.

The Chinese people will not forget that at the 15th China (Zhuhai) Airshow in 2024, the flight performance of the J-35A independently developed by China was "amazing as soon as it appeared," the static display of the J-20S was "silent but powerful," and the air, sea, and land aviation equipment of the three services confidently and proudly "danced in the sea and sky."

From saving the country through aviation to serving the country through aviation, and then to strengthening the country through aviation, every roar and every flap of wings is the blue oath of Chinese aviation people.

Strengthening the army through equipment has always been the original aspiration and mission of Chinese aviation people. In the birthplace of the "J-10," where Song Wencong (宋文骢), Yang Baoshu (杨宝树) and others fought, China's new generation of heavy stealth fighter J-20 "Weilong," FC-1 foreign trade light fighter "Xiaolong," and reconnaissance and strike integrated drone "Yilong" have also flown out... The J-20, together with the new generation of medium stealth multi-purpose fighter J-35A, Yun-20 large transport aircraft, Zhi-20 general-purpose helicopter, J-15 heavy carrier-based fighter and other advanced aviation weapons and equipment, have become the national business cards of a strong country in the new era, guarding the motherland and watching over the people day and night, and playing an important role in maintaining world peace.

Developing the civil aircraft industry has always been a strategic task of the aviation industry. Relying on the advantages of the new type of national system, aviation people have worked together to promote the rapid pursuit of China's civil aircraft industry and achieve historical breakthroughs. The successful development, mass delivery and entry into route operation of the C909 turbofan regional jet and the C919 single-aisle trunk jet mark that China's civil aircraft manufacturing industry has entered a new stage of competing with international powerhouses on the same stage; the development of the C929 twin-aisle large passenger aircraft and the MA700 turboprop new regional jet is steadily and solidly advancing. The AG600 large amphibious aircraft has completed airworthiness certification and is about to be put into mass production, and will play an important role in the national emergency rescue system; the HH-100 cargo drone has made its first flight, and is opening a new chapter in the unmanned and intelligent aviation transportation in China...

The emergence of major national instruments is supported by strong scientific and technological innovation.

As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, Chinese aviation people are faithfully practicing General Secretary Xi Jinping's earnest entrustment to "strive to climb to the peak in promoting self-reliance and self-improvement in aviation science and technology," firmly grasping the lifeline of development in their own hands. Scientific and technological innovation not only guarantees the development of major aviation models, but also plays a role in other fields. The "Haolong" cargo space shuttle has entered the engineering development stage, and will contribute wisdom to China's manned space program; aviation advanced measurement technology helps the docking of the immersed tube tunnel of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the collision test of the "Fuxing" high-speed train, the landing of the "Chang'e" series of probes on the back of the moon, and the docking of "Shenzhou VIII" and "Tiangong I" and other major national projects...

After more than 70 years, especially the "blowout" development since the new era, China's aviation industry has made remarkable achievements that have attracted worldwide attention, and has achieved a historic leap from being out of reach to competing on the same stage with the world's aviation powers.

The dragon is a symbol of the Chinese nation. On the squares in front of the buildings of the units under the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (中国航空工业集团), there are multiple full-external deep gray camouflage J-10 aircraft. The aircraft always rises high in the southeast direction, and the base is engraved with four large characters: "Dragon Soars Eastward (龙腾东方)." In the "Dragon" series of warplanes of the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (中国航空工业集团), the J-10 aircraft is called "Fierce Dragon (猛龙)." The development process of the J-10 series of aircraft has gone through a road of struggle from scratch and self-reliance, condensing the great spirit of self-improvement of the Chinese nation. It is the brilliant achievement created by Chinese aviation people with youth and blood, wisdom and life. The J-10 aircraft is the "striving aircraft," "innovative aircraft," and "high-quality aircraft" of the Chinese people!

Today's Chinese aviation people are upholding the new era's spirit of serving the country through aviation of "loyalty and dedication, self-reliance, hard work, and courage to climb the peak," confidently striding forward, strengthening the country's prestige, promoting military prestige, and embarking on the mission journey of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.

The dragon soars eastward, with lofty aspirations!

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This edition's editors: Zhang Jian, Zhou Shuyi

This edition's email: dadi@peopledaily.cn

Layout design: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶)

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