Summary: Xi Jinping's article, to be published in *Qiushi*, emphasizes the importance of the private sector to China's socialist market economy and reiterates the Party's commitment to its continued development. The article stresses that the political, economic, and social environment is conducive to private enterprise and calls for the thorough implementation of policies supporting the private sector, including equal access to resources, fair competition, and protection of legal rights. It also urges private firms to innovate, improve governance, and uphold social responsibility to contribute to China's modernization. The article did not mention the United States nor its relations with China.
Summary: President Xi Jinping, according to a decision made by the National People's Congress Standing Committee, has appointed and removed several ambassadors. New ambassadors were appointed to Cameroon (Xu Yong), Guinea (Sun Yong), Cape Verde (Zhang Yang), Comoros (Huang Zheng), Tajikistan (Guo Zhijun), Turkmenistan (Ji Shumin), Burkina Faso (Zhao Deyong), Jamaica (Wang Jinfeng), Barbados (Zheng Bingkai), and Thailand (Zhang Jianwei). The previous ambassadors to these countries—Wang Yingwu, Huang Wei, Xu Jie, Guo Zhijun, Ji Shumin, Qian Naicheng, Lu Shan, Chen Daojiang, Yan Xiusheng and Han Zhiqiang respectively—were removed from their positions. The announcement focuses on personnel changes within China's diplomatic corps, with no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Wuhan is focusing on technological innovation to transform traditional industries, cultivate emerging industries, and plan for future industries in order to build a modern industrial system. The city's high-tech manufacturing has seen significant growth, and traditional industries like automobiles are undergoing upgrades, with increased production of new energy vehicles. Wuhan is also developing emerging industries like optoelectronics and is making strides in future-oriented fields like brain-computer interfaces. According to Wuhan Party Secretary Guo Yuanqiang, the city aims to implement Xi Jinping's instructions by promoting high-quality development through technological innovation and the development of new productive forces. The article did not mention or allude to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang, speaking at the opening ceremony of the 2025 National Ecology Day and a symposium on "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," emphasized the need to further implement Xi Jinping's ecological civilization thought. He stated that China must unswervingly follow the path of ecological priority and green development, optimizing land development and promoting industrial green transformation. Li called for strengthening global cooperation on ecological protection and climate change. The heads of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Municipality, and Zhejiang Province, as well as experts, scholars, and representatives of international organizations, spoke at the symposium. Wu Zhenglong presided over the meeting.
Summary: According to the National Bureau of Statistics, China's macro policies in July proved effective, with the national economy maintaining a steady and progressive development trend. Industrial added value and the service sector both experienced relatively rapid growth. Retail sales of consumer goods and fixed asset investment also saw increases. The resilience of foreign trade continued to be evident, with total imports and exports of goods increasing. Overall employment and prices remained stable.
Summary: The article discusses the Chinese government's focus on integrating technology and industry, unifying the national market, and promoting domestic and foreign trade integration. It highlights efforts to promote innovation by better connecting research to industrial needs, as well as constructing unified market standards and infrastructure. The piece also mentions the promotion of high-standard opening up policies to increase trade. The article does not discuss the U.S.
Summary: The first 2,578 households (12,139 people) displaced by the 6.8 magnitude Dingri earthquake in Tibet's Rikaze (Shigatse) Prefecture have moved into newly constructed homes. The houses, located in Senga Village, Dingri County, are equipped with solar power, water, electricity, and internet. An additional 1,145 households (8,329 people) are expected to move in by August 20th, with all displaced residents expected to be resettled by the end of October. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Without the provided article, I cannot provide a summary. Please provide the article text so I can fulfill your request according to the given parameters, focusing on official statements, accompanying personnel, and any mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A ten-part series entitled "Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization" will premiere on CCTV on August 16th, focusing on Xi's key tenets regarding ecological civilization. The series, coinciding with the 20th anniversary of the "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" concept, will feature leaders, experts, and frontline workers in ecological protection. It will explore the theoretical and practical implications of Xi's ecological thought. The series aims to demonstrate the achievements in China's ecological civilization under Xi Jinping's guiding ideology. The report makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: At a State Council Information Office press conference on August 15th, National Bureau of Statistics spokesperson Fu Linghui reported on China's July economic performance, highlighting steady growth in new productive forces, including high-tech manufacturing, digital economy, and green development. He noted resilience in foreign trade, with exports increasing by 8% year-on-year in July. While consumption growth slowed slightly, service retail remained stable, and investment continued to shift towards manufacturing and high-tech sectors. Fu also indicated positive changes in prices, with core CPI rising for the third consecutive month. The briefing did not mention U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A joint exhibition by the Central Archives and the Museum of the History of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), titled "The Mainstay – CCP Archives on the War of Resistance Against Japan," opened to the public on August 15th. The exhibition showcases over 340 historical documents related to the CCP's role in the war, including materials from Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and other senior leaders. It aims to highlight the CCP's central role in leading the resistance against Japan and its contributions to the global anti-fascist war effort. The exhibition emphasizes the CCP's "Mainstay" role as the key to China's victory. The exhibition is scheduled to run until the end of 2025.
Summary: The article highlights China's focus on integrating technological and industrial innovation, deepening the unified national market, and promoting integrated domestic and foreign trade. It emphasizes policies and examples related to boosting technological innovation by firms, removing barriers to market competition, and streamlining regulations to facilitate both domestic and international trade for companies. China aims to connect domestic and international markets more effectively to drive higher-level opening up.
Summary: The 2025 "Xinjiang is a Good Place" Intangible Cultural Heritage Aid to Xinjiang themed exhibition opened in Hotan, Xinjiang, featuring 435 representative intangible cultural heritage projects and 383 inheritors from Xinjiang and 25 other provinces, the largest scale to date. Co-hosted by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region government, the event includes exhibitions, demonstrations, and interactive experiences across multiple venues to showcase the preservation and exchange of intangible cultural heritage. The event, now in its fifth year, also promoted measures to boost consumption of intangible cultural heritage products in Xinjiang and Hotan. The event runs until August 19th. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article celebrates the 20th anniversary of the "Two Mountains" theory, which posits that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." It highlights how the theory has guided China's ecological and economic achievements and is seen internationally as an innovative approach to balancing environmental protection and economic development. The article quotes international figures who see China as a leader in ecological civilization, offering a model for sustainable development, particularly for developing nations. Several interviewees from the United States point to the application of these ideas in China's development. The theory is presented as providing a framework for green transitions and South-South cooperation, and as a way of deepening cooperation with countries such as Ethiopia and Egypt.
Summary: Sri Lankan Forestry Director Nishantha Edirisinghe praised China's "Two Mountains" (绿水青山就是金山银山) theory, which posits that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," as a guiding principle for China's ecological civilization and green development, citing examples from various Chinese cities and provinces. He emphasized the importance of the "Two Mountains" theory for Sri Lanka's development strategy, particularly in balancing ecological protection and economic prosperity. Edirisinghe also highlighted China's role in promoting global green development through South-South cooperation and the Belt and Road Initiative. He expressed Sri Lanka's desire to deepen cooperation with China in areas such as green development knowledge exchange, wetland management, and climate resilience. There is no mention of the United States in the article.
Summary: Following the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Foreign Ministers' Meeting, Foreign Minister Wang Yi addressed the press on the 80th anniversary of Japan's surrender, highlighting China's position on historical issues. Wang emphasized that Japan's war of aggression caused immense suffering and that international documents like the Cairo Declaration and Potsdam Proclamation stipulated Japan's return of territories seized from China, including Taiwan. He criticized certain Japanese factions for attempting to beautify, deny, and distort the history of aggression. Wang urged Japan to confront its past to gain respect and avoid repeating historical mistakes, framing these actions as challenges to the UN Charter and the post-war international order.
Summary: To commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory against Japan, the author, the Chinese ambassador to France, reflects on the lessons of WWII. Drawing parallels between Mao Zedong and Charles de Gaulle's leadership during wartime, the article emphasizes the importance of people's unwavering will in resisting aggression. It argues that weakness invites aggression, highlighting China's transformation from a vulnerable nation to a powerful force. The piece criticizes hegemony and unilateralism, advocating for a multipolar world and inclusive globalization. It concludes by positioning China as a key contributor to global peace and stability, referencing Xi Jinping's call during his 2024 state visit to France to "illuminate the path forward with the torch of history."
Summary: During the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Foreign Ministers' Meeting in Anning, Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with Cambodian Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Sok Chenda Sophea, and Thai Foreign Minister Maris Sangiampongsa, where they discussed Cambodia-Thailand relations. China expressed support for Cambodia and Thailand to strengthen communication, restore normal exchanges, and rebuild mutual trust, as well as to implement the consensus reached at recent leadership meetings regarding border security. China also supports ASEAN's continued positive role in maintaining regional unity. China offered to provide support and assistance, including demining in areas agreed upon by both Cambodia and Thailand.
Summary: The 10th Lancang-Mekong Cooperation (LMC) Foreign Ministers' Meeting was held in Yunnan, co-chaired by Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Thai Foreign Minister Maris Sangiampongsa. Wang Yi called for a "LMC 2.0" focused on unity, openness, green innovation, and peace, while proposing strengthening cooperation in areas such as top-level design, innovation, law enforcement, and people-to-people exchanges. Participating countries praised China's leadership and emphasized multilateralism, free trade, and combating transnational crime. The meeting produced three outcome documents, including a five-year action plan progress report. The article does not discuss or allude to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: On August 15th, Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with his counterparts from Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand in Yunnan. Wang stated that Myanmar's situation is stabilizing, emphasizing support for Myanmar-led processes, ASEAN mediation, and prioritizing the people's livelihood. The foreign ministers exchanged views on joint efforts to combat cross-border crimes, agreeing to strengthen law enforcement and security cooperation, especially regarding online gambling fraud, drug and arms trafficking, and human trafficking. Myanmar expressed its gratitude for the support from China, Laos, and Thailand and its commitment to political negotiation and preparing for elections.
Summary: A symposium was held in Tokyo on the 80th anniversary of the end of the Pacific War, with attendees discussing Japan's need to confront its history of aggression and colonialism. Former Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama argued that true patriotism requires acknowledging and correcting past mistakes, emphasizing that Japan's responsibility for reparations isn't over until former adversaries say so. Fujita Takakage, head of the group sponsoring the symposium, criticized Japan's incomplete reckoning with war criminals and the persistence of historical revisionism within the ruling Liberal Democratic Party. He urged upholding the spirit of the Murayama Statement to foster peaceful relations with Asian nations. The participants made no mention of the United States.
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Summary: The article reports on Binzhou, Shandong province's success in transforming saline-alkali land into productive wheat fields through scientific breeding and technological innovation. Specifically, the development of salt-resistant wheat varieties, such as "Yutianmai 126," has significantly increased yields. Further along the production chain, innovative processing techniques convert wheat byproducts like bran into valuable products, increasing the value of each grain and reducing waste. The article highlights the comprehensive utilization of wheat, with one grain being processed into over 600 products. Utilizing what would otherwise be wasted, the company further utilizes fermentation technology to convert liquid residue into pig feed, saving the company tons of money in feed and waste-water processing fees.
Summary: Following a 6.8 magnitude earthquake in Dingri County, Tibet, the first batch of reconstructed homes have been completed and families are moving in. Residents expressed gratitude to the Communist Party for providing new, sturdy housing after their previous homes were destroyed. Local officials, including Rikaze Deputy Mayor Sonataje, stated that over 12,000 affected residents have moved into new homes, and that they will focus on local industrial development and continue to increase income. By the end of October, all disaster-stricken residents will move into new homes. The article makes no mention of the United States or US-China relations.
Summary: The Dianxi Anti-Japanese War Memorial Hall in Tengchong, Yunnan, reopened to the public on August 15 after four months of renovations. The memorial hall, which commemorates the war in western Yunnan, has been open for 12 years and receives over 1.4 million visitors annually. The upgraded museum has expanded its exhibition space and increased the number of exhibits. The memorial hall serves multiple functions, including exhibition, collection, research, commemoration, and public education. No individuals are mentioned as accompanying the reopening.
Summary: The State Council has announced personnel changes, appointing Zheng Zeguang concurrently as the Permanent Representative to the International Maritime Organization. Wang Jinfeng has been appointed as the Permanent Representative to the International Seabed Authority. Chen Daojiang has been relieved of his position as the Permanent Representative to the International Seabed Authority. The article does not mention U.S. or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A joint investigation by the National Health Commission and the Ministry of Education into the Xiao Mou and Dong Mouying incident revealed academic misconduct and regulatory failures across several institutions. The probe detailed falsified transcripts, plagiarized theses, and improper authorship attribution, leading to disciplinary actions against numerous individuals at the involved hospitals and universities, including Vice Presidents, department heads, and faculty members. The investigation also prompted reforms to the "4+4" pilot program at Peking Union Medical College to strengthen admissions and academic integrity, and calls for better work ethics and teaching styles. The U.S. is not discussed in this article.
Summary: A joint investigation by the National Health Commission and other departments has led to disciplinary actions regarding the "Xiao Mou and Dong Mouying incident" at the Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital. The investigation, initiated after public concern arose from online allegations, aimed to address violations and unethical conduct. The findings underscore the importance of medical ethics, talent cultivation, and quality control within the healthcare system. The authorities emphasized a zero-tolerance stance towards misconduct and pledged to rectify issues within the medical field. The article highlights China's commitment to improving healthcare quality and promoting ethical conduct among medical professionals.
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Summary: Chinese scientists are using synthetic biology to transform cotton from a simple fiber crop into a "functional factory" capable of producing high-value compounds. Researchers at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have engineered cotton to produce astaxanthin, a powerful antioxidant, within the plant's leaves, seeds, and oil. This engineered cotton has potential applications in animal feed and could enhance the antioxidant properties of cottonseed oil. The article highlights other research, such as the creation of colored cotton fibers, and discusses the potential for cotton byproducts like seeds and stalks to be used in various industries.
Summary: This article discusses the development and advancements in AI-driven image restoration technology in China, highlighting the new HYPIR intelligent restoration model developed in 2025. The HYPIR model combines adversarial generation network and diffusion generation model technologies, resulting in faster processing, improved restoration effects, and greater stability. This model leverages text-to-image AI to generate high-resolution details and personalize image restoration based on user prompts. The article outlines the model's three-step process: removing imperfections, adding details using a multimodal model, and training the model through adversarial generation. The author anticipates that advancements in image restoration technology will benefit society in the future.
Summary: Zhejiang University's Brain-Machine Intelligence National Key Laboratory has released "Darwin Monkey" ("悟空"), a new neuromorphic computer based on a dedicated neuromorphic chip. The computer supports over 2 billion spiking neurons and over a hundred billion synapses, approximating the scale of a macaque monkey's brain. "Darwin Monkey" utilizes 960 Darwin 3rd-generation neuromorphic computing chips developed by Zhejiang University and the Zhijiang Laboratory, with each chip supporting over 2.35 million spiking neurons and hundreds of millions of synapses. It also supports dedicated instruction sets and neuromorphic online learning mechanisms.
Summary: The "Ling Shu," a humanoid robot with a "one-brain, multiple forms" architecture, has been unveiled in Hefei, Anhui province. Developed by Hefei YouiBot Robotics and the YouiBot-Xi'an Jiaotong University Embodied Intelligence Robotics Research Institute, the 1.66-meter robot possesses 33 degrees of freedom and can navigate various terrains. Its cross-scenario capabilities stem from its embodied intelligence large model architecture, enabling multi-modal perception, adaptive multi-arm operation, and comprehensive logistics scheduling. The "one-brain, multiple forms" concept centers on a singular robotic brain core. The article makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A recent study published in the American journal *Microbiology Spectrum* suggests a natural compound found in maple syrup may help combat tooth decay. Researchers at the University of Wyoming isolated the compound epigallocatechin gallate from maple syrup, finding it inhibited the formation of biofilms by *Streptococcus mutans*, the primary bacteria responsible for cavities. The compound was shown to prevent biofilm formation on both plastic and simulated teeth in laboratory experiments. The findings suggest potential for developing more natural oral care products.
Summary: Wang Sheng, director of the Xi'an Jiaotong University-Huzhou Neutron Science Laboratory in Zhejiang, is leading a team developing Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), a targeted cancer treatment. BNCT involves injecting a boron-10 drug that accumulates in cancer cells, followed by neutron irradiation to selectively destroy those cells. Wang claims that his team has successfully developed a complete BNCT solution, including an accelerator neutron source, boron drug, and treatment planning system. Clinical trials are planned for later this year.
Summary: New Zealand researchers report that sleep deprivation significantly alters bird vocalizations, reducing the amount and complexity of their songs, and changing pitch and duration. This is similar to the lethargy experienced by sleep-deprived humans. The study, focusing on common urban birds, found that both full and partial sleep disruption impacted song behavior, with full disruption having the greatest effect. Birds also increased daytime rest, indicating an impact on daily activity and physical recovery. The article does not reference the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: This article focuses on China's commitment to ecological preservation and sustainable development, exemplified by the "Two Mountains" theory: "Green mountains are golden mountains." It highlights several individuals and initiatives across China, such as Liang Fenghui in Zhejiang province, who are turning environmental protection into economic opportunities through innovation and green technologies like bamboo product manufacturing, even exporting to countries such as the US. The article also references Wang Hao's work on ecological regulation of major reservoirs, and Lu Qi's desert control and sand management work, demonstrating China's efforts in ecological restoration and sustainable resource management. These examples showcase the integration of ecological considerations into economic development, promoting a harmonious balance between environmental protection and economic growth.
Summary: This article discusses China's progress in ecological civilization construction since the 18th Party Congress, highlighting improvements in various natural environments. It frames the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" as a shift from a dilemma between environmental protection and economic development to an integrated approach. The article emphasizes that environmental protection is now seen as a driver of new economic growth and improved quality of life. It concludes that a beautiful China, characterized by harmony between humanity and nature, is a key feature of Chinese-style modernization, and will bring people a better life. There is no discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this article.
Summary: This article, coordinated by Chen Juan and Wu Yan, with multimedia creation by Zhang Feiran and Li Nanhua, and layout design by Cai Huawei, appears to focus on domestic Chinese affairs. There is no mention of specific political figures or their statements. The article also lacks any reference to the United States or U.S.-China relations. Thus, further analysis of the article's content is impossible without additional information.
Summary: This article primarily discusses China's commitment to ecological civilization and sustainable development. It highlights successful cases of ecological restoration and economic development across China, showcasing the "Two Mountains" theory – that green mountains and clear waters are invaluable assets. Examples include Zhejiang's bamboo industry transformation for overseas markets (including the U.S.), Hubei's forest management, and Jilin's black soil protection. The article also touches on technological advancements in water resource management and desertification control. The piece emphasizes balancing economic growth with environmental protection, reflecting a key aspect of China's modernization.
Summary: This article emphasizes the significant progress China has made in ecological and environmental protection since the 18th National Congress of the CCP, transforming the country's landscape and promoting harmony between humans and nature. It highlights the shift in perspective from viewing economic development and environmental protection as mutually exclusive to recognizing "green mountains and clear waters are golden mountains and silver mountains." The piece argues that prioritizing ecological conservation is driving new economic growth and improving the quality of life for Chinese citizens. The article connects these environmental improvements to the broader concept of Chinese-style modernization. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: This article lists the individuals responsible for the content creation and design of the publication. Chen Juan and Wu Yan are responsible for overall coordination. Zhang Feiran and Li Nanhua are responsible for media creation, while Cai Huawei is credited with page design. The article does not contain information on Chinese politics, official statements, or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article recounts the key events surrounding Japan's surrender to China at the end of World War II, starting with preliminary talks at Zhijiang Airport and culminating in the formal surrender ceremony in Nanjing where Japanese General Okamura Neiji signed the surrender document to Chinese General He Yingqin. It also describes the ceremony in Taipei marking Taiwan's return to Chinese sovereignty after being occupied by Japan following the 1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki. The article mentions the broader international surrender ceremony aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, attended by representatives from the Allied powers, including the U.S. The piece emphasizes the national jubilation across China, from Yan'an to Chongqing, and the enduring significance of these events for Chinese national identity and territorial integrity.
Summary: The article describes the exhibits and stories presented at the Taihang Mountain Memorial Hall of the Eighth Route Army, focusing on the army's resistance against the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War. It highlights the stories of individual soldiers like团长叶成焕 and 崔振芳, showcasing their bravery and sacrifice. The memorial also features the printing press used by the *Xinhua Daily* (North China Edition), detailing the newspaper's role in bolstering morale and disseminating information despite enemy offensives. The Japanese army targeted the newspaper as a key objective. The article emphasizes the spirit of resistance and sacrifice embodied by the soldiers and journalists in the Taihang Mountains.
Summary: A special edition (*hao wai*) of the *Dazhong Daily* newspaper from August 11, 1945, announces Japan's unconditional surrender. The all-red, large-format *hao wai* was printed after the newspaper received confirmation from the Xinhua News Agency of Japan's surrender following the Potsdam Declaration. The *Dazhong Daily* was originally the official newspaper of the Shandong Bureau of the CCP Central Committee, and was dedicated to reporting on the anti-Japanese war. The newspaper workers rushed to publish the special edition to quickly spread the news to the base areas, printing it at night and distributing it early in the morning. The article did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The author discusses their continued focus on the history of Chinese universities relocating westward during the Second Sino-Japanese War, emphasizing its significance in preserving academic strength and national spirit. They served as an academic consultant for a documentary on this topic and have given lectures at multiple universities, including Chongqing University, Wuhan University and Xiamen University, on the topic of university relocation during the war. The author also recounts advocating for the preservation of the National Central University's wartime site, noting that Nanjing University and Chongqing University subsequently agreed to collaborate on a restoration project. This collaboration between eastern and western universities due to the "westward relocation story" is particularly gratifying to the author.
Summary: The painting "Victory Night" by Feng Zikai, a national first-class cultural relic, depicts a family celebrating Japan's surrender, symbolizing national rebirth and hope for the future. Created three days after Japan's surrender, the artwork captures the collective joy and relief experienced in Chongqing, which had endured heavy bombing during the war. The painting avoids grand depictions, instead focusing on a simple family scene to convey the profound emotional impact of the victory. The article also mentions that an American journalist, Theodore White, described the scene of celebration in Chongqing in his book "Thunder Out of China." According to experts at the Jianchuan Museum, the painting embodies the spirit of resistance against Japan and serves as proof of Chongqing's status as a heroic city.
Summary: I am sorry, I am unable to summarize the content of the article because the provided text consists only of an email address and credits for page design. There is no substantive information to summarize.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 15th. The 16th issue of "Qiushi" magazine, to be published on August 16th, will feature an important article by Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, titled "Promoting the Healthy and High-Quality Development of the Private Economy."
The article emphasizes that private enterprises have flourished alongside the great journey of reform and opening up. Over the past few decades, regarding the understanding of the position and role of the private economy in the cause of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and the Party and the state's principles and policies for the development of the private economy, our Party's theory and practice have been consistent and have advanced with the times. The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) leads the people in developing a socialist market economy. The non-public sector is an important component of China's socialist market economy and is protected by the Constitution and laws. The Party and the state adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system, unswervingly consolidate and develop the public sector, and unswervingly encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector. The Party and the state ensure that all types of ownership economies have equal access to factors of production in accordance with the law, participate fairly in market competition, and receive equal legal protection, promote the complementary advantages and common development of various ownership economies, and promote the healthy development of the non-public sector and the healthy growth of non-public economic figures. These basic principles and policies have been incorporated into the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and are clearly reflected in the Constitution and the Party Constitution. We will consistently adhere to and implement them, and they cannot and will not change.
The article points out that the development prospects of the private economy in the new era and on the new journey are broad and promising. China's private economy has already formed a considerable scale and occupies a significant proportion. Its overall strength, innovation capabilities, and market competitiveness have been greatly enhanced, providing a solid foundation for promoting the high-quality development of the private economy. The current political, economic, and social environments are all very conducive to the development of the private economy, and it is the right time for the vast number of private enterprises and private entrepreneurs to show their talents. We must unify our thoughts and actions with the Party Central Committee's judgment on the domestic and international situation, and with the Party Central Committee's decisions and deployments on economic work. We must see the prospects, see the light, and see the future in the face of difficulties and challenges, maintain our development focus, enhance our development confidence, and maintain the spirit of daring to fight and being willing to win.
The article points out that we must earnestly implement policies and measures to promote the development of the private economy. Anything that the Party Central Committee has decided must be resolutely implemented, without being vague or dragging our feet, and without cutting corners. First, we must resolutely remove all obstacles to the equal use of factors of production and fair participation in market competition in accordance with the law. We must give private enterprises fair development opportunities and allow "non-prohibited is permitted" to take root. We will continue to promote the fair opening of competitive areas of infrastructure to various business entities, and support private enterprises in actively participating in the "two major" constructions and "two new" tasks. The problem of difficult and expensive financing for private enterprises must continue to be solved with great effort. Second, we must focus on solving the problem of overdue payments to private enterprises. We will make good use of policies such as newly added special local government bonds to effectively accelerate the progress of clearing arrears. We will improve laws and regulations and strengthen punishment for dishonesty. Third, we must effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of private enterprises and private entrepreneurs in accordance with the law. China is a socialist country ruled by law, and the illegal acts of all types of ownership enterprises and other business entities cannot evade investigation and punishment. We will focus on rectifying arbitrary charges, arbitrary fines, arbitrary inspections, and arbitrary seizures, and resolutely prevent illegal extraterritorial law enforcement and profit-seeking law enforcement. Fourth, we must conscientiously implement various relief policies. We will improve the accuracy of policies, seek truth from facts, implement comprehensive measures, and give play to the collective effect. Fifth, we will further build a cordial and clean relationship between government and business. "Cordiality" and "cleanliness" are essentially the relationship between getting things done and being clean, which is dialectically unified and can be perfectly compatible.
The article points out that the vast number of private enterprises and private entrepreneurs must bravely shoulder the important responsibilities of the times, dare to act and be good at achieving success, be full of entrepreneurial and patriotic passion, promote the entrepreneurial spirit, concentrate on strengthening, optimizing, and expanding enterprises, and firmly be builders of socialism with Chinese characteristics and promoters of Chinese-style modernization. We must unswervingly follow the path of high-quality development, strengthen independent innovation, transform the mode of development, and continuously improve the quality, efficiency, and core competitiveness of enterprises. We will improve the corporate governance structure in accordance with the requirements of the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics. We will adhere to honest and law-abiding operation, and consciously respect, study, abide by, and use the law. We will actively fulfill social responsibilities, actively build harmonious labor relations, dedicate more love to society, and make new and greater contributions to promoting Chinese-style modernization.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 15th. President of the People's Republic of China, Xi Jinping (习近平), in accordance with the decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, has appointed and removed the following ambassadors to foreign countries:
1. Removed Wang Yingwu's (王英武) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Cameroon;
Appointed Xu Yong (徐永) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Cameroon.
2. Removed Huang Wei's (黄巍) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Guinea;
Appointed Sun Yong (孙勇) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Guinea.
3. Removed Xu Jie's (徐杰) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Cabo Verde;
Appointed Zhang Yang (张洋) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Cabo Verde.
4. Removed Guo Zhijun's (郭志军) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Union of Comoros;
Appointed Huang Zheng (黄峥) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Union of Comoros.
5. Removed Ji Shumin's (吉树民) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Tajikistan;
Appointed Guo Zhijun (郭志军) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Republic of Tajikistan.
6. Removed Qian Naicheng's (钱乃成) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to Turkmenistan;
Appointed Ji Shumin (吉树民) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to Turkmenistan.
7. Removed Lu Shan's (卢山) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to Burkina Faso;
Appointed Zhao Deyong (赵德勇) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to Burkina Faso.
8. Removed Chen Daojiang's (陈道江) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to Jamaica;
Appointed Wang Jinfeng (王锦峰) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to Jamaica.
9. Removed Yan Xiusheng's (延秀生) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to Barbados;
Appointed Zheng Bingkai (郑冰开) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to Barbados.
10. Removed Han Zhiqiang's (韩志强) position as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Kingdom of Thailand;
Appointed Zhang Jianwei (张建卫) as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the People's Republic of China to the Kingdom of Thailand.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 禹伟良 范昊天
Hubei Wuhan Heyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.'s independently developed recombinant human albumin injection (rice) has recently been approved for marketing by the National Medical Products Administration, suitable for the treatment of hypoalbuminemia in liver cirrhosis, and will benefit patients after large-scale production.
This technology reflects the vigorous vitality of "Wuhan-made" in climbing to new heights and pursuing innovation. In the first half of this year, the added value of Wuhan's high-tech manufacturing industry above designated size increased by 15.7% year-on-year, accounting for 24.6% of the added value of the city's industrial enterprises above designated size.
In November 2024, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out during his inspection in Hubei (湖北): "Adhere to the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and the cultivation and expansion of emerging industries and future industries in parallel, develop new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, and create more well-known brands."
Bearing in mind General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) instructions, Wuhan (武汉) is guided by scientific and technological innovation, comprehensively promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, the cultivation and expansion of emerging industries, and the forward-looking layout of future industries, accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system, and "Wuhan-made" is striving to shape new competitive advantages.
Transformation and upgrading of traditional industries—
In February of this year, the new energy vehicle developed by Dongfeng Motor Corporation (东风汽车集团有限公司), headquartered in Wuhan (武汉), was equipped with the DF30 chip and passed the vehicle test in a cold region environment. This domestically produced, independently controllable, high-performance automotive-grade microcontroller unit chip is planned to be mass-produced and launched next year.
More intelligent automobiles are the result of multi-party cooperation between government, industry, academia, and research. With the support of the government, the Hubei (湖北) Automotive-Grade Chip Industry Technology Innovation Consortium was established. "Dongfeng Motor (东风汽车) put forward technical requirements, China Information and Communication Technology Group Co., Ltd. (中国信息通信科技集团有限公司) is responsible for chip design, and Huazhong University of Science and Technology (华中科技大学) provides important component modules... Application scenarios drive, the industrial chain collaborates to tackle key problems, and technical problems can be quickly broken through," said Zhang Fanwu (张凡武), chief engineer of intelligent technology at the R&D Institute of Dongfeng Motor (东风汽车).
Automobiles are Wuhan's (武汉) pillar industry. Wuhan's (武汉) automobile industry has made efforts in technological innovation, industrial chain collaboration, and ecological co-construction. In the first half of this year, the output of new energy vehicles exceeded 168,000 units, a year-on-year increase of 152%.
Not only automobiles, but more and more traditional industries are experiencing a renaissance: the old Wugang (武钢) plant area has been transformed into a green super factory, and its high-grade non-oriented silicon steel production line is designed with an annual production capacity that can support the production of millions of new energy vehicles; "China Time-honored Brand" Mayinglong Pharmaceutical (马应龙药业) embraces digitalization and has built a smart factory for traditional Chinese medicine ointments...
Emerging industries are developing and growing—
Optoelectronic information is Wuhan's (武汉) advantageous industry. Wuhan East Lake High-tech Development Zone (武汉东湖新技术开发区), known as "Optics Valley of China" (中国光谷), extends the innovation chain, improves the industrial chain, and continues to expand the characteristic advantages of the optoelectronic information industry.
Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Joint Stock Limited Company (长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司) has launched air-core optical fibers, and the optical signal transmission medium has changed from glass fiber core to air fiber core, which greatly increases the signal transmission speed;
HGLaser Engineering Co., Ltd. (华工科技产业股份有限公司) has independently developed intelligent equipment for complex curved surface texture laser etching, which can etch 0.01 mm precision textures on any curved surface of metal, glass and other materials...
With continuous updates in technology and products, the industrial scale of "Optics, Chips, Display, Terminal and Network" (光芯屏端网) in Wuhan East Lake High-tech Development Zone (武汉东湖新技术开发区) has exceeded 600 billion yuan.
"Optics Valley of China" (中国光谷) is a microcosm of Wuhan's (武汉) accelerating development of emerging industries. From establishing a 10 billion-yuan-level low-altitude economy development fund group to expanding the opening of commercial aerospace application scenarios, Wuhan (武汉) aims to promote the improvement of quality, expansion of quantity, and increase of efficiency of emerging industries with an average annual growth rate of more than 20%.
Future industries are making efforts to layout—
In the cutting-edge technology field of brain-computer interfaces, Wuhan's (武汉) industrialization breakthroughs have attracted attention. On March 31, Hubei (湖北) took the lead in releasing brain-computer interface medical service prices, and clinical applications entered the fast lane; on June 28, Tongji Hospital (同济医院) affiliated to Tongji Medical College (同济医学院) of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (华中科技大学) completed the first implanted brain-computer interface surgery in Central China, helping patients with high paraplegia to reconstruct motor function...
Adhering to the combination of industrialization of future technologies and the future-oriented leap of existing industries, Wuhan (武汉) is anchoring 13 sub-sectors such as brain-computer interfaces, humanoid robots, and new energy storage, implementing five major actions including forward-looking technology research, application scenario expansion, and building a future industrial development highland with national influence and competitiveness.
"In-depth implementation of the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions, Wuhan (武汉) will adhere to leading the construction of a modern industrial system with scientific and technological innovation, deeply promote the transformation of development mode, development power, development efficiency, and development quality, vigorously develop new quality productive forces, and strive to write a new chapter in Wuhan's (武汉) high-quality development," said Guo Yuanqiang (郭元强), member of the Standing Committee of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee (湖北省委常委) and Secretary of the Wuhan Municipal Party Committee (武汉市委书记).
Return to TopThe National Ecological Day main event opening ceremony and symposium on practicing the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" for 2025 was held in Beijing on August 15th. Li Qiang (李强), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Premier of the State Council, attended the meeting. He emphasized the need to adhere to Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as guidance, thoroughly implement Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization, firmly establish and practice the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, build lucid waters and lush mountains even more beautifully with greater efforts, expand Jinshan Yinshan (金山银山, literally "gold mountain silver mountain," referring to economic prosperity) with green development methods, and strive to write a new chapter in ecological civilization construction in the new era.
Li Qiang (李强) stated that over the 20 years since the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" was proposed, its theoretical connotation and practical application have been continuously deepened and expanded, and it has become a consensus and action of the entire party and society. This important concept has enriched the Marxist thought on the relationship between man and nature and the theory of productive forces, inherited and developed the excellent traditional Chinese ecological culture, highly fits the characteristics and requirements of the new development stage, and provides scientific guidance for the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. This important concept has led to historic, transformative, and comprehensive changes in China's ecological civilization construction, creating world-renowned ecological miracles and green development miracles. Our skies are bluer, our land is greener, our waters are clearer, the ecological environment is more beautiful, and the "green" content of economic growth continues to rise. This important concept provides Chinese ideas and Chinese solutions for global sustainable development and ecological civilization construction, and has made Chinese contributions.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that China's economic and social development has entered a stage of high-quality development that accelerates greening and low-carbonization. We must unswervingly follow the path of ecological priority and green development. We must build lucid waters and lush mountains even more beautifully with greater efforts, continue to fight the battle against pollution prevention and control in depth, focus on enhancing the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems, and effectively build a national ecological security barrier. We must make Jinshan Yinshan (金山银山) even bigger with green development methods, continue to optimize the pattern of land and space development and protection, solidly promote the green and low-carbon transformation of industries, and accelerate the formation of an industrial structure with high technological content, low resource consumption, and less environmental pollution. We must provide reliable guarantees for protecting lucid waters and lush mountains with sound systems, innovate ecological civilization systems and mechanisms, implement various reform tasks, and strengthen the rigid constraints and endogenous incentives of the system. We must actively promote global ecological civilization construction with firm and pragmatic measures, work together with all parties to protect the ecological environment, address climate change, and jointly promote global sustainable development.
Li Qiang (李强) emphasized that it is necessary to adhere to and strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership over ecological civilization construction, and promote the formation of a strong joint force for coordinated management by various regions and departments. We must do a good job in disseminating and interpreting Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on ecological civilization, and further create a strong atmosphere of advocating ecological civilization. We must mobilize the whole society to take active action, work together to build a beautiful China, and make greater contributions to building a clean and beautiful world.
Responsible comrades from the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部), the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部), Beijing (北京市), and Zhejiang Province (浙江省), as well as experts, scholars, and representatives of international organizations, spoke at the symposium.
Wu Zhenglong (吴政隆) presided over the meeting.
Responsible comrades from relevant departments and units of the central and state organs, responsible comrades from various provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities, as well as representatives from relevant international organizations, research institutions, industry associations, enterprises, and grassroots frontlines attended the meeting.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) August 15th dispatch (Reporter Li Xinping (李心萍)) The reporter learned on August 15th from the National Bureau of Statistics (国家统计局): Macro policies in July were effective, and the national economy maintained a stable and progressive development trend, demonstrating strong resilience and vitality.
Production and supply maintained steady growth. In July, the added value of industries above the designated size increased by 5.7% year-on-year. Industry continued to maintain rapid growth, especially the added value of the equipment manufacturing industry increased by 8.4% year-on-year, with a good growth momentum, strongly supporting industrial growth. The service industry production index increased by 5.8% year-on-year, achieving rapid growth.
Consumption and investment maintained growth. In July, the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 3.7% year-on-year, of which the retail sales of goods increased by 4%. From January to July, fixed asset investment (excluding rural households) increased by 1.6% year-on-year, and excluding real estate development investment, it increased by 5.3%.
The resilience of foreign trade continues to be demonstrated. All regions and departments have increased their efforts to stabilize foreign trade, and the majority of foreign trade enterprises have actively taken action. In July, China's total import and export of goods increased by 6.7% year-on-year, 1.5 percentage points faster than the previous month, and the import and export of goods continued to grow.
Employment and prices are generally stable. The employment situation was generally stable in July. The national consumer price index (CPI) was flat year-on-year. The core CPI, excluding food and energy, rose by 0.8% year-on-year, and the increase has expanded for three consecutive months, showing positive changes.
(Related reports can be found on the second edition)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Solidly promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation" and "Establish a unified national market system of rules to promote the smooth flow of commodity and factor resources on a larger scale."
The meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) held on July 30 pointed out: "Accelerate the cultivation of emerging pillar industries with international competitiveness" and "Deepen the construction of a unified national market," emphasizing "Promoting the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade."
Industry integration, market integration, and domestic and foreign integration, China's economic "integration," embodies the wisdom of internal coordination and demonstrates a pattern of win-win cooperation with the outside world. From space to industry, from factors to ecology, the reform practice of "integration" makes China's economy more resilient, dynamic, and inclusive, and the innovation and creativity of various business entities are continuously enhanced.
Industry Integration—
Promote the Deep Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation and Industrial Innovation
The meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) pointed out: "Promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation."
The technological breakthrough of a key component demonstrates the vitality of the integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain.
Harmonic reducers, the "joints" of robots, have extremely high process requirements. Suzhou Green Harmonic Drive Technology Co., Ltd. (苏州绿的谐波传动科技股份有限公司) has continued to innovate over the years, overcoming problems such as material selection and flexible bearings, controlling the transmission error within 10 arc seconds, and breaking the long-term monopoly of foreign companies in this field.
Wuzhong District (吴中区) in Suzhou City (苏州市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), where Green Harmonic is located, gathers thousands of upstream and downstream companies in the robotics industry, covering the entire industrial chain from key component research and development to complete machine manufacturing, from application scenarios to ecological construction. The complete industrial chain, rich application scenarios, seamless connection and accelerated integration of the innovation chain and industrial chain, achieving "1+1>2", inject new impetus into high-quality development.
Promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation is essentially to make scientific and technological innovation accurately connect with industrial needs, use industrial upgrading to feed back scientific and technological innovation, and ultimately realize the value leap from "technological breakthrough" to "industrial value-added."
Increase the supply of high-quality technology and consolidate the foundation of integration.
Relying on traditional methods to develop new high-temperature alloy materials often requires trial and error in the arrangement and combination of more than a dozen alloy elements. China Iron & Steel Research Institute (中国钢研) empowers with technologies such as artificial intelligence to build a dedicated "material data factory," compressing the research and development process, which usually takes more than 10 years, to about 3 years or even 1 year. Using new methods, the company efficiently developed a variety of high-temperature alloy materials for additive manufacturing, helping the research and development of important equipment such as aero engines and rocket engines.
R&D investment exceeds 3.6 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world; the number of global top 100 science and technology innovation clusters and international patent applications continue to rank first in the world... The accumulation of scientific and technological innovation potential provides an engine and support for industrial innovation. From January to July this year, the added value of high-tech manufacturing above designated size increased by 9.5% year-on-year, and the "new power" of China's economy is even stronger.
Strengthen the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation and establish the key to integration.
With sea breeze blowing, recently, a 26-megawatt offshore wind turbine was hoisted on the sea near Dongying (东营), Shandong (山东), which is currently the offshore wind turbine with the largest single-unit capacity and the largest impeller diameter in the world. China Three Gorges Corporation (中国三峡集团), Dongfang Electric Corporation (东方电气集团) and other companies have formed an innovation consortium, and upstream and downstream companies in the industrial chain have collaborated to overcome key technologies such as generators, blades, and bearings, and continue to refresh the single-unit capacity record of offshore wind turbines, promoting China's offshore wind power to achieve a historic leap from "following" to "running side by side" and then to "leading."
Implement the policy of additional deduction of enterprise R&D expenses, encourage enterprises to lead national major technological research tasks, and inject financial vitality into enterprise innovation... Policy efforts guide innovation elements to gather in enterprises, making enterprises the "main force" of scientific and technological innovation, the "target" of scientific and technological innovation is clearer, and the energy of industrial innovation is more sufficient.
Promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements and open up the path of integration.
Lithium-ion battery ultrasonic capacity sorting equipment, cable-stayed bridge cable climbing detection robots, and the first set of domestic pipeline steel hard spot non-destructive testing instruments... Walking into the pilot area of Shanhewan Valley Innovation Zone (山河湾谷创新区) of Beijing University of Technology (北京工业大学), a series of innovative products are eye-catching. Since the construction of the pilot area of Shanhewan Valley Innovation Zone, it has attracted 197 technology companies to settle in, and the settled teams have 1,160 authorized patents, and the agglomeration effect of innovation resources has been initially demonstrated.
Promote the solid implementation of concept verification centers, common technology platforms, etc.; explore the "competition and investment linkage" model to shorten the path of technology to the market; innovate the "allocation to equity" method of fiscal funds to provide special funds support for early projects... Since the beginning of this year, from supporting the "first kilometer" to opening up the "last kilometer," the channels for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements have become smoother and the forms have become more diverse.
Move towards "new" and climb towards "high." Cultivate new quality productive forces with the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, deploy the innovation chain around the industrial chain, and arrange the industrial chain around the innovation chain. Today's China has surging innovation momentum.
Market Integration—
Deepen the Construction of a Unified National Market
The meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) pointed out: "Deepen the construction of a unified national market and promote the continuous optimization of market competition order."
Strengthen product consistency spot checks and carry out law enforcement against unfair competition; severely rectify market chaos such as inferior and low prices, and resolutely crack down on infringement, counterfeiting, and selling fake products... Dismantling invisible "barriers" and activating the "spring water" of factor flow, China's economy demonstrates resilience and vitality in deepening the construction of a unified national market.
The market basic system is constantly improving.
Located in Luogang Park (骆岗公园) in Hefei (合肥), Anhui (安徽), the city's air traffic hub port, a vertical take-off and landing aircraft takes off. In March this year, this "air taxi" obtained the first batch of civil unmanned aircraft operation qualification certificates in the country. "In the past, due to access restrictions, we could only design and produce, but it was difficult to actually operate." Li Xiaona (李晓娜), general manager of Heyi Aviation Co., Ltd. (合翼航空有限公司), said that government departments and industry organizations jointly clarified responsibilities, formulated standards, and trial flight approval "broke the ice," helping the low-altitude economy "fly high."
Focusing on top-level design, the "Guidelines for the Construction of a Unified National Market (Trial)" (《全国统一大市场建设指引（试行）》) was released, clarifying "what is required to be done, what is prohibited, and what is encouraged"; focusing on social credit, the "Opinions on Improving the Social Credit System" (《关于健全社会信用体系的意见》) was issued to improve the mechanism for rewarding trustworthiness and punishing untrustworthiness; aiming at fair competition, the Anti-Unfair Competition Law was revised to strengthen the legal governance of disorderly competition... A more solid "foundation" lays the foundation for a unified national market.
Market infrastructure is accelerating connectivity.
"I placed an order online and it was delivered in 4 days, with free shipping! The pick-up point is less than 1 kilometer from my home." On the morning of August 5, Ma Tieying (马铁英), an apple grower from the Ninth Team of Hongqipo Third Branch Farm (红旗坡三分场九队) in Aksu (阿克苏), Xinjiang (新疆), received agricultural tools purchased online. ZTO Express (中通快递) upgraded the equipment in the collection and transportation warehouse, and parcels sent to Xinjiang from various places were centrally sorted and packaged uniformly, reducing the transportation cost per piece by 30% and improving the timeliness by 35%.
Opening up inter-provincial "dead-end roads" and eliminating bottleneck sections; innovating transportation organization models and promoting "one order system" and "one box system" for multimodal transportation; promoting the construction of key trunk railways and dedicated railway lines into ports, and promoting "road to rail" and "road to water" for bulk cargo transportation... Cross-regional coordinated layout and cross-mode integrated connection, high-standard connection of transportation infrastructure promotes close connection of regional markets. In the first half of this year, the ratio of China's total social logistics costs to GDP fell to 14%, a decrease of 0.1 percentage points from the first quarter.
The flow of market resource elements is smoother.
At dawn, photovoltaic power from Xinjiang (新疆) is transmitted to the southeast to meet the electricity demand of office buildings in Guangdong (广东); at dusk, power plants in Guangdong adjust their output to support the peak electricity consumption in Zhejiang (浙江)... Such cross-network flow of electricity is becoming smoother with the improvement of the mechanism. In July this year, a normalized electricity trading mechanism for cross-power grid operating areas was officially established, and electricity resources were optimized and allocated nationwide.
The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) Technology Market Collaborative Innovation Consortium was initiated and established, and the development of regional new quality productive forces has accelerated; the "Yangtze River Delta Recruitment Zone" (长三角招聘专区) data sharing platform was built, with no less than 1.5 million positions collected annually; the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) Metrology Development Cooperation Platform was officially launched to promote one-time testing of cross-border materials and mutual recognition between the two places... Since the beginning of this year, the reform of market-oriented allocation of factors in various places has been steadily advancing, and various factors have been flowing efficiently across regions, better releasing development vitality.
Government behavior is more unified.
Automobile production and sales exceeded 15 million vehicles for the first time, both achieving double-digit growth year-on-year... The semi-annual report released by the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (中国汽车工业协会) shows that thanks to the continuous rectification of disorderly competition in the new energy vehicle industry for a period of time, car companies' production rhythm has stabilized, inventory pressure has been improved, and industrial vitality has continued to be released.
Some places, in order to attract enterprises to settle in, engage in "policy depressions" and even blindly develop regardless of local industrial foundations and resource endowments, resulting in redundant construction and overproduction.
The "Guidelines for the Construction of a Unified National Market (Trial)" (《全国统一大市场建设指引（试行）》) clarifies that various regions must not violate the red line and bottom line stipulated by the state to illegally implement preferential policies for investment promotion in terms of finance, taxation, fees, prices, land, and resource environment.
"Unifying the scale of government behavior will create a fairer market competition environment for various business entities," said Jia Ruoxiang (贾若祥), director of the Comprehensive Research Office of the Institute of Territorial Development and Regional Economics of the China Macroeconomic Research Institute (中国宏观经济研究院国土开发与地区经济研究所综合研究室主任).
Standardizing market access and fair competition systems, building a more transparent government procurement environment, and opening up all links of production, distribution, circulation, and consumption will promote the orderly flow and efficient allocation of commodity and factor resources on a larger scale and build a strong and resilient national economic cycle system.
Domestic and Foreign Integration—
Promote the Integrated Development of Domestic and Foreign Trade
The meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) pointed out: "Help foreign trade enterprises that have been greatly impacted, strengthen financing support, and promote the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade."
Promoting the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade is an important measure to build a new development pattern and promote high-quality development.
Chunxue Food Group Co., Ltd. (春雪食品集团股份有限公司), headquartered in Laiyang City (莱阳市), Shandong Province (山东省), is a company specializing in the production, processing, and sales of broiler chicken. "In the first half of the year, the company exported 13,000 tons of conditioned poultry products, and its international market share continued to expand. Not only that, the company accelerated its layout in the domestic market. In the first half of the year, the total domestic sales of conditioned poultry products exceeded 16,000 tons," introduced Xu Shuqin (徐淑芹), manager of the company's quality control department.
Entering the international market has high certification thresholds. At present, Chunxue has passed a series of internationally recognized food safety system certifications. In order to expand the domestic market, Yantai Customs (烟台海关) actively guides enterprises to use the existing standardized production system to connect the production line with domestic and international standards. Chunxue caters to domestic market consumption hotspots, cultivates sales channels, and achieves stable sales in domestic supermarkets, fast food chain stores, convenience stores, and e-commerce platforms.
Promoting the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade and expanding opening up are mutually reinforcing and dialectically unified. The integration of domestic and foreign trade is the "internal support" for expanding opening up. By opening up the domestic and international markets, it provides a solid market foundation and industrial resilience for a higher level of opening up; expanding opening up is the "external driving force" for the integration of domestic and foreign trade. By connecting with international rules and introducing competition and cooperation, it promotes the improvement of the domestic market system and the upgrading of trade facilitation. Continuing to expand domestic and foreign opening up and serving the construction of a new development pattern with high-level opening up can win the initiative in economic development and international competition with the initiative of opening up to the outside world.
High-standard alignment with international economic and trade rules, carrying out institutional opening-up experiments in broader fields, at deeper levels, and with greater efforts.
On December 18, the full island customs closure operation of Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自贸港) will be officially launched. Backed by a super-large domestic market and better connecting the domestic and international markets, Hainan Free Trade Port will attract global high-quality factors to gather and circulate more freely and conveniently, realize internal and external linkage and two-way empowerment, and become an important gateway for opening up to the outside world in the new era.
The deeper the reform, the higher the requirements for the level of opening up; the higher the level of opening up, the greater the promotion effect on reform. In April, the "Opinions on Implementing the Strategy of Upgrading Free Trade Zones" (《关于实施自由贸易试验区提升战略的意见》) was released to the outside world; in July, the State Council issued a document to replicate and promote 77 pilot measures in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone (上海自贸试验区)... Through the market size advantage to form an "attraction field", with institutional innovation as the core, high-standard alignment with international economic and trade rules, China continues to promote deep-level reform and high-quality development with high-level opening up, and release institutional innovation dividends on a larger scale.
Promote the stabilization and improvement of attracting foreign investment and create a transparent, stable, and predictable policy environment.
Fully implement the national treatment before admission plus negative list management system for foreign investment, the restrictions on foreign investment access in the manufacturing sector have been "cleared", steadily promote the opening up of the service industry, and expand the opening up pilot in telecommunications, medical care, education and other fields; add visa-free access for people from many countries to China; give the least developed countries 100% tariff-free treatment for tariff items... China's large market has become a large market shared by the world.
Relevant officials from the Ministry of Commerce (商务部) introduced that they will continue to improve the high-level opening-up system and mechanism, connect with international high-standard economic and trade rules, accelerate the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade, further stimulate the vitality of various foreign trade business entities, and contribute to promoting high-quality development.
(Our reporters Ouyang Jie (欧阳洁), Lin Lili (林丽鹂), Yu Sinan (喻思南), Han Xin (韩鑫))
Return to TopThis newspaper, Xigazê, August 15th (Reporter Qiongda Zhuoga (琼达卓嘎)) On August 15th, Sêngga Village (森嘎村), Dingri County (定日县), Xigazê City (日喀则市), Tibet, held the "First Move-in Ceremony for Reconstructed Houses After the Dingri 6.8 Magnitude Earthquake" (定日6.8级地震灾后重建民房首批入住仪式) (see Figure 2, photo by Jiang Fan (姜帆), Xinhua News Agency), marking the official relocation of the first batch of 2,578 households, comprising 12,139 affected people from several counties in Xigazê City (日喀则市), into their new homes.
The design of the reconstructed houses fully considers the living habits and practical needs of local residents, and is equipped with supporting infrastructure such as solar energy, water, electricity, and internet. The pace of post-disaster reconstruction is constantly accelerating. By August 20, another 1,145 households, comprising 8,329 people, will move into their new homes one after another. It is expected that all affected people will move into their new homes by the end of October. (Related reports on page 4)
Return to TopSpecial Report
If people do not fail the green mountains, the green mountains will certainly not fail the people.
Sixth and seventh editions.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 15th (Reporter Bai Yang (白瀛)) As the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" marks its 20th anniversary, the 10-episode large-scale special program "A Series of Lectures on Xi Jinping's Thought on Ecological Civilization" will premiere daily at 21:00 on CCTV-1 of the Central Radio and Television Station from August 16th to 25th.
The program focuses on General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," "harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature," and "building a beautiful China," deeply interpreting the historical background, core essence, rich connotation, practical requirements, and global contributions of Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Ecological Civilization. It systematically answers a series of major theoretical and practical questions regarding ecological civilization construction in the new era, and comprehensively demonstrates the contemporary characteristics, theoretical value, and practical power of Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Ecological Civilization.
On August 15, 2005, when Xi Jinping (习近平) was the Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, he explicitly proposed the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" during his inspection in Yucun Village (余村) in Anji County (安吉县), Zhejiang Province (浙江省). Over the past 20 years, the theoretical connotation and practical application of this concept have been continuously deepened and expanded, and it has become the consensus and action of the entire Party and society.
According to reports, "A Series of Lectures on Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Ecological Civilization" specially invites leading cadres, experts, and scholars in the field of ecological civilization construction in China as lecture guests, setting up three sections: "What the People Expect," "Ideological Guidance," and "Mountains and Rivers as Proof," combining hundreds of practical cases for interpretation. At the same time, the program invites front-line workers in ecological protection, such as forest rangers, bird protectors, desertification control heroes, and river patrollers, to tell grassroots stories of ecological civilization construction, striving to vividly demonstrate the great achievements made in China's ecological civilization construction under the guidance of Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Ecological Civilization.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李心萍
On August 15th, the State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办) held a press conference where Fu Linghui (付凌晖), spokesperson of the National Bureau of Statistics (国家统计局) and chief economist, introduced the performance of the national economy in July.
The cumulative growth rate of major indicators in July remained generally stable, new drivers of growth expanded, and the pace of economic development was steady. "Although the economic operation still faces many risks and challenges, with the macro policies taking effect, all parties actively playing their roles, market demand expanding, the development of new quality productive forces, and the improvement of market vitality, it will strongly support the stable operation of the economy and steadily improve the quality of development," said Fu Linghui (付凌晖).
New Quality Productive Forces: Steady Development
Value added of high-tech manufacturing above designated size increased by 9.3% year-on-year in July.
"Since the beginning of this year, China's new quality productive forces have developed steadily, injecting a continuous stream of new impetus into high-quality development," said Fu Linghui (付凌晖).
Emerging industries are thriving. Since the beginning of this year, high-tech industries with high technology content and added value have maintained rapid growth. In July, the value added of high-tech manufacturing above designated size increased by 9.3% year-on-year, 3.6 percentage points faster than the value added of all industries above designated size.
The digital economy is developing rapidly. In terms of digital products, the value added of digital product manufacturing above designated size increased by 8.4% year-on-year in July; in terms of intelligent products, the value added of intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle manufacturing and intelligent vehicle-mounted equipment manufacturing increased by 80.8% and 21% respectively in July, and the output of intelligent products such as industrial robots and civilian drones increased by 24% and 18.9% respectively.
Green development is improving in quality and efficiency. In July, the output of new energy vehicles, lithium-ion batteries, and wind turbine generator sets increased by 17.1%, 29.4%, and 19.3% respectively, and the output of green and low-carbon products increased rapidly.
Foreign Trade: Showing Strong Resilience
Goods exports increased by 8% year-on-year in July, 0.8 percentage points faster than the previous month.
In July, China's total imports and exports of goods increased by 6.7% year-on-year, 1.5 percentage points faster than the previous month. Among them, goods exports increased by 8% year-on-year, 0.8 percentage points faster than the previous month, accelerating for two consecutive months; goods imports increased by 4.8% year-on-year, 2.4 percentage points faster than the previous month, rebounding for two consecutive months, showing strong resilience and vitality.
Fu Linghui (付凌晖) said that the strong resilience of goods imports and exports is the result of China's unswerving expansion of high-level opening-up, active promotion of diversified foreign trade development, industrial optimization and upgrading, and the implementation of policies to stabilize foreign trade. In the second half of the year, export growth still has many favorable conditions.
Diversification continues to show results. From January to July, China's exports to ASEAN, the European Union, and countries jointly building the "Belt and Road" increased by 14.8%, 8.2%, and 11.7% respectively.
The competitiveness of commodities continues to increase. From January to July, China's exports of mechanical and electrical products increased by 9.3% year-on-year, and exports of high-tech products increased by 7.2%. It is worth noting that integrated circuit exports increased by 21.8%. Chinese enterprises are vigorously improving their independent research and development capabilities, the technical content of products is gradually increasing, and international competitiveness is increasing day by day.
Consumption: New Drivers Continue to Grow
Service retail sales increased by 5.2% year-on-year from January to July.
In July, total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 3.7% year-on-year, a decrease of 1.1 percentage points from the previous month. From January to July, service retail sales increased by 5.2% year-on-year.
"Overall, the growth rate of sales in the commodity market slowed down in July, but service retail sales remained generally stable. Driven by special actions to boost consumption, the trend of expanding consumption has not changed, and new drivers of consumption continue to grow," said Fu Linghui (付凌晖).
The replacement of old products with new ones is intensifying and expanding, and the policy effect continues to appear. In July, the retail sales of household appliances and audio-visual equipment, furniture, and communication equipment by units above designated size increased by 28.7%, 20.6%, and 14.9% year-on-year, respectively, continuing to support the growth of commodity sales.
Residents' travel demand during the summer vacation was concentratedly released, and consumption related to cultural tourism and leisure grew rapidly. From January to July, retail sales of tourism consulting and leasing services, transportation and travel services, and cultural, sports, and leisure services all maintained double-digit growth.
Fu Linghui (付凌晖) said that in the next stage, it is necessary to continue to implement special actions to boost consumption, cultivate new growth points for service consumption while expanding commodity consumption, continuously improve the consumption environment, and promote the stable development of the consumer market.
Investment: Potential Remains Huge
Actual growth of fixed asset investment from January to July was around 4% to 5%.
From January to July, fixed asset investment increased by 1.6% year-on-year, a decrease compared to January to June. Although the nominal growth rate of investment has declined, the actual workload of investment is not low after deducting price factors, the investment structure continues to be optimized, and it continues to create favorable conditions for economic transformation and upgrading.
In terms of investment scale, after deducting price factors, the actual growth of fixed asset investment from January to July was around 4% to 5%.
In terms of investment structure, manufacturing investment grew rapidly. From January to July, manufacturing investment increased by 6.2% year-on-year, significantly faster than the overall investment growth rate. Investment in high-end industries has increased. From January to July, among high-tech industries, investment in the aviation, spacecraft, and equipment manufacturing industries, information service industries, and computer and office equipment manufacturing industries increased by 33.9%, 32.8%, and 16% year-on-year, respectively.
The "two major" constructions continue to advance, and infrastructure investment in key areas has grown rapidly. From January to July, investment in water conservancy management increased by 12.6%. The large-scale equipment renewal has a significant pulling effect. From January to July, investment in equipment and tooling purchases increased by 15.2% year-on-year, driving the overall investment growth by 2.2 percentage points.
"The pressure on investment growth in China is temporary, and this should be viewed comprehensively," Fu Linghui (付凌晖) introduced. From the perspective of future development, China's per capita capital stock is still significantly different from that of developed countries, the potential for investment space is still huge, and accelerating the development of new quality productive forces, promoting coordinated urban-rural and regional development, and making up for shortcomings in people's livelihoods all require increased investment.
Prices: Positive Changes Appear
CPI rose month-on-month in July.
In July, China's consumer price index (CPI) showed positive changes, rising month-on-month, and the core CPI (consumer price index) increased year-on-year for consecutive months.
Driven by rising prices of services and industrial consumer goods, the CPI rose 0.4% month-on-month in July, and the core CPI excluding food and energy rose 0.8% year-on-year, an increase of 0.1 percentage points from the previous month, increasing for three consecutive months, showing that positive changes have occurred in market supply and demand.
Fu Linghui (付凌晖) analyzed that the continuous expansion of the core CPI year-on-year is mainly due to the effective implementation of special actions to boost consumption, the gradual release of consumption potential, and the enhanced driving effect on prices. At the same time, the comprehensive rectification of "involution" competition has also promoted price recovery.
In July, the price of industrial consumer goods excluding energy increased by 1.2% year-on-year, an increase of 0.2 percentage points from the previous month, increasing for three consecutive months. Among them, the prices of fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles changed from a month-on-month decline to flat, stopping the downward trend.
In July, the producer price index (PPI) fell 0.2% month-on-month, narrowing the decline by 0.2 percentage points from the previous month, the first narrowing of the month-on-month decline since March.
From the perspective of enterprise expectations, the service industry business activity expectation index was 56.6% in July, an increase of 0.6 percentage points from the previous month, continuing to remain in the higher prosperity range of 56% and above.
Reporter's Notes
Correctly Grasp the Situation and Be More Proactive
Looking back at the July national economic report card, the main indicators are generally stable, and the economy maintains a stable and progressive development trend. How should we view the fluctuations of some economic indicators?
When facing normal fluctuations, we should have more peace of mind. Taking investment as an example, although the growth rate of fixed asset investment has declined, the reasons are that there are factors such as the complex and volatile external environment, increased competition among domestic enterprises, declining investment returns, the weakening of investment momentum in traditional industries during the transformation and development process, and the fact that the growth of emerging industries is still difficult to completely offset. There are also short-term shocks such as frequent high temperatures and heavy rains in some areas affecting the construction of project projects.
To correctly grasp the situation, we should have more confidence. In the field of foreign trade, against the backdrop of the continued impact of trade protectionism and unilateralism, China's goods exports increased by 8% year-on-year in July; in the industrial field, highlights such as equipment manufacturing, high-tech manufacturing, and green and low-carbon products are emerging... China's economic foundation is stable, has many advantages, is resilient, and has great potential. The supporting conditions and basic trends for long-term improvement have not changed.
Looking forward to future trends, we should have more ambition. China's economic operation still faces many risks and challenges. To do a good job in economic work in the second half of the year, it is still necessary to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all parties. All regions and departments must take the initiative, implement policies scientifically, and focus on stabilizing employment, stabilizing enterprises, stabilizing the market, and stabilizing expectations; entrepreneurs must stand at the forefront of the tide and win the initiative in market competition with high-quality products and services.
At a critical period and a critical year, when the boat is in the middle of the stream and people are halfway up the mountain, the most important thing is to correctly grasp the situation, gather work synergy, and boost the enthusiasm for doing things. Let us be more proactive, do economic work in accordance with the new development concept, strive to complete the annual economic and social development goals and tasks, and achieve a successful conclusion to the "14th Five-Year Plan."
Return to TopBeijing, August 15th (Reporter Shen Tongrui (沈童睿)) On August 15th, the special exhibition "The Mainstay – Archives Exhibition of the Communist Party of China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression," jointly organized by the Central Archives (中央档案馆) and the Museum of the History of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党历史展览馆), opened to the public in the special exhibition hall on the fourth floor of the Museum of Party History.
The exhibition is divided into 8 units, displaying more than 340 precious historical document archives, including archives of major events in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, archives of major battles, and materials such as letters, speeches, and inscriptions personally drafted by veteran proletarian revolutionaries such as Mao Zedong (毛泽东), Zhou Enlai (周恩来), Liu Shaoqi (刘少奇), Zhu De (朱德), Deng Xiaoping (邓小平), and Chen Yun (陈云). It comprehensively showcases how, during the 14 years of arduous and unyielding War of Resistance, the Communist Party of China united and led the anti-Japanese military and civilians to compose a great chapter in the history of the Chinese nation's resistance to foreign aggression with their lives and blood. It focuses on reflecting the Communist Party of China's 中流砥柱 (zhōng liú dǐ zhù - "mid-stream pillar," a mainstay; a key figure) role in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and its outstanding contribution to the World Anti-Fascist War, vigorously inheriting and promoting the great spirit of the War of Resistance.
The exhibition displays a large number of precious archives in groups, deeply reflecting that the Communist Party of China's mainstay role is the key to the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, promoting the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and inspiring people to make unremitting efforts on the new era and new journey to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the nation with Chinese-style modernization.
The exhibition will be on display until the end of 2025.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Solidly promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation" and "Establish a unified national market system of rules to promote the smooth flow of commodity and factor resources on a larger scale."
The meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) held on July 30 pointed out: "Accelerate the cultivation of emerging pillar industries with international competitiveness" and "Promote the construction of a unified national market in depth," emphasizing "Promote the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade."
Industrial integration, market integration, and domestic and foreign integration, China's economic "integration," reflects the wisdom of internal coordination and demonstrates a pattern of win-win cooperation with the outside world. From space to industry, from factors to ecology, the reform practice of "integration" makes China's economy more resilient, dynamic, and inclusive, and the innovation and creativity of various business entities are continuously enhanced.
Industrial Integration—
Promote the Deep Integration of Scientific and Technological Innovation and Industrial Innovation
The meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) pointed out: "Promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation."
A technological breakthrough in a key component demonstrates the vitality of the integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain.
Harmonic reducers, the "joints" of robots, have extremely high process requirements. Suzhou Green Harmonic Drive Technology Co., Ltd. (苏州绿的谐波传动科技股份有限公司) has continued to innovate over the years, overcoming problems such as material selection and flexible bearings, controlling the transmission error within 10 arc seconds, and breaking the long-term monopoly of foreign companies in this field.
Wuzhong District (吴中区) of Suzhou City (苏州市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), where Green Harmonic is located, gathers thousands of upstream and downstream companies in the robotics industry, covering the entire industrial chain from key component research and development to complete machine manufacturing, from application scenarios to ecological construction. The complete industrial chain, rich application scenarios, and seamless connection and accelerated integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain achieve "1+1>2," injecting new impetus into high-quality development.
Promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation is essentially to make scientific and technological innovation accurately connect with industrial needs, use industrial upgrading to feed back scientific and technological innovation, and ultimately achieve a value leap from "technological breakthrough" to "industrial value-added."
Increase the supply of high-quality technology and consolidate the foundation of integration.
Relying on traditional methods to develop new high-temperature alloy materials often requires trial and error in the arrangement and combination of more than a dozen alloy elements. China Iron & Steel Research Institute (中国钢研) empowers with technologies such as artificial intelligence to build a dedicated "material data factory," compressing the research and development process, which usually takes more than 10 years, to about 3 years or even 1 year. Using new methods, the company efficiently developed a variety of high-temperature alloy materials for additive manufacturing, helping the research and development of important equipment such as aero engines and rocket engines.
R&D investment exceeds 3.6 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world; the number of global top 100 science and technology innovation clusters and international patent applications continue to rank first in the world... The accumulation of scientific and technological innovation potential provides an engine and support for industrial innovation. From January to July this year, the added value of high-tech manufacturing above designated size increased by 9.5% year-on-year, and the "new power" of China's economy is even stronger.
Strengthen the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation and establish the key to integration.
With sea breeze blowing, recently, a 26-megawatt offshore wind turbine was hoisted on the sea near Dongying (东营), Shandong (山东), which is currently the offshore wind turbine with the largest single-unit capacity and the largest impeller diameter in the world. China Three Gorges Group (中国三峡集团), Dongfang Electric Corporation (东方电气集团) and other companies formed an innovation consortium, and upstream and downstream companies in the industrial chain worked together to overcome key technologies such as generators, blades, and bearings, and continue to refresh the single-unit capacity record of offshore wind turbines, promoting China's offshore wind power to achieve a historic leap from "following" to "running in parallel" and then to "leading."
Implement the policy of additional deduction of enterprise R&D expenses, encourage enterprises to lead major national technological breakthroughs, and inject financial vitality into enterprise innovation... Policy efforts guide innovation elements to gather in enterprises, making enterprises the "main force" of scientific and technological innovation, the "target" of scientific and technological innovation is clearer, and the energy of industrial innovation is more abundant.
Promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements and open up the path of integration.
Lithium-ion battery ultrasonic capacity sorting equipment, cable-stayed bridge cable climbing detection robots, and the first domestic set of pipeline steel hard spot non-destructive testing instruments... Walking into the pilot area of Shanhe Wangu Innovation Zone (山河湾谷创新区) of Beijing University of Technology (北京工业大学), a series of innovative products are eye-catching. Since the construction of the pilot area of Shanhe Wangu Innovation Zone (山河湾谷创新区), it has attracted 197 technology companies to settle in, and the settled teams have 1,160 authorized patents, and the agglomeration effect of innovation resources has initially emerged.
Promote the solid implementation of concept verification centers, common technology platforms, etc.; explore the "competition and investment linkage" model to shorten the path of technology to the market; innovate the "allocation to equity" method of fiscal funds to provide special funds for early-stage projects... Since the beginning of this year, from supporting the "first kilometer" to opening up the "last kilometer," the channels for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements have become smoother and more diverse.
Move towards "new" and climb towards "high." Cultivate new quality productive forces with the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, deploy the innovation chain around the industrial chain, and lay out the industrial chain around the innovation chain. Today's China has surging innovation momentum.
Market Integration—
Promote the Construction of a Unified National Market in Depth
The meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) pointed out: "Promote the construction of a unified national market in depth and promote the continuous optimization of market competition order."
Strengthen product consistency spot checks and carry out anti-unfair competition law enforcement; severely rectify market chaos such as inferior and low prices, and resolutely crack down on infringement, counterfeiting, and selling fake goods... Dismantling invisible "barriers" and activating the "spring water" of factor flow, China's economy demonstrates resilience and vitality in promoting the construction of a unified national market in depth.
The market basic system is constantly improving.
Located in Luogang Park (骆岗公园) in Hefei (合肥), Anhui (安徽), the city's air traffic hub port, a vertical take-off and landing aircraft takes off. In March this year, this "air taxi" obtained the first batch of civil unmanned aircraft operation qualification certificates in the country. "In the past, due to access restrictions, we could only design and produce, and it was difficult to actually operate." Li Xiaona (李晓娜), general manager of Heyi Aviation Co., Ltd. (合翼航空有限公司), said that government departments and industry organizations jointly clarified responsibilities, formulated standards, and the test flight approval "broke the ice," helping the low-altitude economy "fly high."
Focusing on top-level design, the "Guidelines for the Construction of a Unified National Market (Trial)" (《全国统一大市场建设指引（试行）》) was released, clarifying "what is required to be done, what is prohibited, and what is encouraged"; focusing on social credit, the "Opinions on Improving the Social Credit System" (《关于健全社会信用体系的意见》) was issued to improve the mechanism for rewarding trustworthiness and punishing untrustworthiness; aiming at fair competition, the Anti-Unfair Competition Law was revised to strengthen the legal governance of disorderly competition... A more solid "foundation" lays the foundation for a unified national market.
Market infrastructure is accelerating connectivity.
"I placed an order online and it was delivered in 4 days, with free shipping! The pick-up point is less than 1 kilometer from my home." On the morning of August 5, Ma Tieying (马铁英), an apple grower from the Ninth Team of the Third Branch of Hongqipo Farm (红旗坡三分场九队) in Aksu (阿克苏), Xinjiang (新疆), received agricultural tools purchased online. ZTO Express (中通快递) upgraded the equipment in the collection and transportation warehouse, and parcels sent to Xinjiang from various places were centrally sorted and packaged uniformly, reducing the transportation cost per piece by 30% and improving the timeliness by 35%.
Opening up inter-provincial "broken roads" and eliminating bottleneck sections; innovating transportation organization models and promoting "one order system" and "one box system" for multimodal transport; promoting the construction of key trunk railways and dedicated railway lines into ports, and promoting "road to rail" and "road to water" for bulk cargo transportation... Cross-regional coordinated layout and cross-mode integrated connection, high-standard connection of transportation infrastructure promotes close connection of regional markets. In the first half of this year, the ratio of China's total social logistics costs to GDP fell to 14%, a decrease of 0.1 percentage point from the first quarter.
The flow of market resource elements is smoother.
At dawn, photovoltaic power from Xinjiang (新疆) is transmitted to the southeast to meet the electricity demand of office buildings in Guangdong (广东); at dusk, power plants in Guangdong (广东) adjust their output to support the peak electricity consumption in Zhejiang (浙江)... Such cross-network flow of electricity is becoming smoother with the improvement of the mechanism. In July this year, a normalized electricity trading mechanism for cross-power grid operating areas was officially established, and electricity resources were optimized and allocated nationwide.
The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) Technology Market Collaborative Innovation Consortium was initiated and established, and the development of regional new quality productive forces has accelerated; the "Yangtze River Delta Recruitment Zone" (长三角招聘专区) data sharing platform was built, with no less than 1.5 million jobs collected annually; the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) Metrology Development Cooperation Platform was officially launched to promote one-time testing of cross-border materials and mutual recognition between the two places... Since the beginning of this year, the reform of market-oriented allocation of factors in various places has been steadily advancing, and various factors have been flowing efficiently across regions, better releasing development vitality.
Government behavior is more unified.
Automobile production and sales exceeded 15 million vehicles for the first time, both achieving double-digit growth year-on-year... The industry semi-annual report released by the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (中国汽车工业协会) shows that thanks to the continuous rectification of disorderly competition in the new energy vehicle industry for a period of time, the production rhythm of car companies has stabilized, inventory pressure has been improved, and industrial vitality has continued to be released.
Some places, in order to attract enterprises to settle in, engage in "policy depressions," and even blindly develop regardless of the local industrial base and resource endowment, resulting in redundant construction and overproduction.
The "Guidelines for the Construction of a Unified National Market (Trial)" (《全国统一大市场建设指引（试行）》) clearly states that all regions shall not violate the red line and bottom line stipulated by the state to illegally implement preferential policies for investment promotion in terms of finance, taxation, fees, prices, land, and resource environment.
"Unifying the scale of government behavior will create a fairer market competition environment for various business entities," said Jia Ruoxiang (贾若祥), director of the Comprehensive Research Office of the Institute of Territorial Development and Regional Economics of the China Macroeconomic Research Institute (中国宏观经济研究院国土开发与地区经济研究所综合研究室主任).
Standardizing market access and fair competition systems, building a more transparent government procurement environment, and opening up all links of production, distribution, circulation, and consumption will promote the orderly flow and efficient allocation of commodity and factor resources on a larger scale, and build a strong and resilient national economic cycle system.
Domestic and Foreign Integration—
Promote the Integrated Development of Domestic and Foreign Trade
The meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) pointed out: "Help foreign trade enterprises that have been greatly impacted, strengthen financing support, and promote the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade."
Promoting the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade is an important measure to build a new development pattern and promote high-quality development.
Chunxue Food Group Co., Ltd. (春雪食品集团股份有限公司), headquartered in Laiyang City (莱阳市), Shandong Province (山东省), is a company specializing in the production, processing, and sales of broiler chicken. "In the first half of the year, the company exported 13,000 tons of conditioned poultry products, and its international market share continued to expand. Not only that, the company accelerated its layout in the domestic market. In the first half of the year, the total domestic sales of conditioned poultry products exceeded 16,000 tons," said Xu Shuqin (徐淑芹), manager of the company's quality control department.
Entering the international market has high certification thresholds. At present, Chunxue has passed a series of internationally recognized food safety system certifications. In order to expand the domestic market, Yantai Customs (烟台海关) actively guides enterprises to use the existing standardized production system to connect the production line with domestic and international standards. Chunxue adapts to the consumption hotspots in the domestic market, cultivates sales channels, and achieves stable sales in domestic supermarkets, fast food chain stores, convenience stores, and e-commerce platforms.
Promoting the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade and expanding opening up are mutually reinforcing and dialectically unified. The integration of domestic and foreign trade is the "internal support" for expanding opening up. By opening up the domestic and international markets, it provides a solid market foundation and industrial resilience for a higher level of opening up; expanding opening up is the "external driving force" for the integration of domestic and foreign trade. By connecting with international rules and introducing competition and cooperation, it promotes the improvement of the domestic market system and the upgrading of trade facilitation. Continuously expanding domestic and foreign opening up, and serving the construction of a new development pattern with a high level of opening up to the outside world, can win the initiative in economic development and international competition by taking the initiative in opening up to the outside world.
High-standard alignment with international economic and trade rules, and carrying out institutional opening-up experiments in a wider range, at a deeper level, and with greater efforts.
On December 18, the full island customs closure operation of Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自贸港) will be officially launched. Backed by a super-large domestic market, better connecting the domestic and international markets, Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自贸港) will attract global high-quality factors to gather and circulate more freely and conveniently, realize internal and external linkage and two-way empowerment, and become an important gateway for opening up to the outside world in the new era.
The deeper the reform, the higher the requirements for the level of opening up; the higher the level of opening up, the greater the promotion effect on reform. In April, the "Opinions on Implementing the Strategy of Upgrading Free Trade Zones" (《关于实施自由贸易试验区提升战略的意见》) was released to the outside world; in July, the State Council issued a document to replicate and promote 77 pilot measures in the Shanghai Free Trade Zone (上海自贸试验区)... Through the market size advantage to form an "attraction field," with institutional innovation as the core, high-standard alignment with international economic and trade rules, China continues to promote deep-level reform and high-quality development with a high level of opening up, and release institutional innovation dividends on a larger scale.
Promote the stabilization and improvement of attracting foreign investment and create a transparent, stable, and predictable policy environment.
Fully implement the pre-establishment national treatment plus negative list management system for foreign investment, the restrictions on foreign investment access in the manufacturing sector have been "cleared," steadily promote the opening of the service industry, and expand the opening pilot in telecommunications, medical care, education and other fields; add visa-free entry for people from many countries; give the least developed countries 100% tariff-free treatment for tariff items... China's large market has become a large market shared by the world.
Relevant officials from the Ministry of Commerce (商务部) introduced that they will continue to improve the high-level opening-up system and mechanism, connect with international high-standard economic and trade rules, accelerate the integrated development of domestic and foreign trade, further stimulate the vitality of various foreign trade business entities, and contribute to promoting high-quality development.
(Our reporters Ouyang Jie (欧阳洁), Lin Lili (林丽鹂), Yu Sinan (喻思南), Han Xin (韩鑫))
Return to TopUrumqi, August 15 (Xinhua) -- (Reporter He Xiaotong (贺小童)) Brilliant lights and joyful dances. On the evening of August 15th, the 2025 "Xinjiang is a Good Place (新疆是个好地方)" Intangible Cultural Heritage Aid to Xinjiang Theme Exhibition opened in the Yotkan Ancient City (约特干故城) of Hotan (和田), Xinjiang (新疆). This event features 435 representative intangible cultural heritage projects and 383 representative inheritors from the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区), the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团), and 25 other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), making it the largest in terms of participating provinces and exhibition project scale in previous years.
The Intangible Cultural Heritage Aid to Xinjiang Theme Exhibition is jointly hosted by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部) and the People's Government of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区人民政府), and organized by the Department of Culture and Tourism of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区文化和旅游厅) and the Hotan Prefecture Administrative Office (和田地区行政公署). The event also released measures to promote consumption of intangible cultural heritage in Xinjiang (新疆) and Hotan (和田), and promoted the "Intangible Cultural Heritage Summer Shopping Month" intangible cultural heritage products.
The main venue of the event is located in Yotkan Ancient City (约特干故城), divided into three sections: the preface hall, the exhibition display, and featured intangible cultural heritage activities. Featured activities include "Intangible Cultural Heritage Dance," "Intangible Cultural Heritage Market," "Intangible Cultural Heritage Handicrafts," "Intangible Cultural Heritage Study Tours," and "Cloud Intangible Cultural Heritage," vividly showcasing the achievements of intangible cultural heritage protection, inheritance, exchange, and cooperation in Xinjiang (新疆) and various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). At the same time, branch venues are set up in the Hotan (和田) District Museum, the Old City of Moyu (墨玉老城), and other places to carry out exhibitions and interactive experiences of representative intangible cultural heritage projects. The event will last until August 19.
The "Xinjiang is a Good Place (新疆是个好地方)" Intangible Cultural Heritage Aid to Xinjiang Theme Exhibition has been held for five consecutive years.
Return to TopThis year marks the 20th anniversary of the "Two Mountains" concept, which states that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." Over the past 20 years, the "Two Mountains" concept has guided China to create remarkable ecological and developmental miracles through pioneering green innovation practices. This concept transcends mountains and seas, helping developing countries jointly write a new chapter in global ecological civilization construction. The international community generally believes that the "Two Mountains" concept provides an innovative idea and practical path for balancing ecological protection and economic development, benefiting both China and the world.
"Powerfully guides us towards a more sustainable and equitable future"
Lucid waters and lush mountains are not only natural and ecological wealth but also social and economic wealth. The "Two Mountains" concept breaks the mindset that economic and ecological factors are mutually exclusive, opening up a new path for achieving coordinated coexistence between development and protection.
"In the Western modernization process, economic growth and ecological protection are often seen as contradictory, with the ecological environment being forced to become a sacrifice for economic development. The 'Two Mountains' concept profoundly reveals the idea of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, emphasizing that human development activities must respect, conform to, and protect nature, demonstrating the dialectical unity of development and protection, and the relationship between humans and nature," said Wesley Douglas, Director of the African Carbon Exchange. "The 'Two Mountains' concept has not only greatly promoted China's ecological civilization construction but also provided a new paradigm that is operable and scalable for achieving sustainable development globally."
"China has integrated the 'Two Mountains' concept into all areas of ecological civilization construction, providing a convincing operational plan in terms of development methods," said Andrew Schwartz, Vice President of the Institute for Ecological Civilization in the United States. He believes that China is becoming a leader in promoting the global transition to ecological civilization. The "Two Mountains" concept is one of the most important expressions of ecological wisdom in the 21st century, and "this concept powerfully guides us towards a more sustainable and equitable future."
"Developing countries are constantly improving their ability to cope with climate change, and the 'Two Mountains' concept puts forward a creative Chinese solution," said Shakil Ramay, Chief Executive Officer of the Pakistan Asian Institute for Ecological Civilization Research and Development. The "Two Mountains" concept has led China to achieve a transformation in its development model, from local pilot projects to national promotion, demonstrating foresight and long-term vision.
"'The 'Two Mountains' concept profoundly clarifies that environmental protection is not a constraint on development but a cornerstone of sustainable development, and has been highly praised and recognized by international organizations such as the United Nations Environment Programme, the Global Environment Facility, and the World Bank," said Siddharth Chatterjee, the United Nations Resident Coordinator in China. The United Nations and China are working together to promote climate adaptation, green innovation cooperation, and South-South cooperation to help achieve an inclusive, green, and just sustainable future. "Let us uphold the 'Two Mountains' concept and use it as a guide to point out a practical way forward for the future of humanity and the planet."
"Ecological civilization is no longer a vision but a reality that is unfolding"
Under the scientific guidance of the "Two Mountains" concept, China has become one of the countries with the fastest reduction in energy consumption intensity and the most obvious improvement in air quality in the world, built the world's largest and most complete new energy industry chain, and contributed 1/4 of the world's new green area... Multiple "world's largest" demonstrate the achievements of building a beautiful China.
"China's environmental governance is by no means an overnight achievement. Through unremitting efforts, the vivid practice of ecological priority and green development has not only been integrated into the national development strategy but also deeply embedded in the genes of Chinese-style modernization. Ecological civilization is no longer a vision but a reality that is unfolding," said Patrick Nijs, former Belgian Ambassador to China. The "Two Mountains" concept is simple and profound, and has now become the cornerstone of China's ecological civilization construction, and has also illuminated a beacon of wisdom for the world.
"When I explain the 'Two Mountains' concept to my American friends, I will show them the Yunnan 'Pu'er Jingmai Mountain Ancient Tea Plantation Cultural Landscape' (云南普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观), which is listed in the UNESCO World Heritage List. While cultivating characteristic tea, the local people are also carefully protecting this forest," said Philip Clayton, President of the Institute for Ecological Civilization in the United States. China's economic and social development continues to focus on the "balance point" between human needs and natural needs, and strives to achieve harmony between lifestyles and ecosystems. "This harmony is the core of ecological civilization."
"China has become a major driver of global green economic development," said Zhu Anna, Assistant Professor at Wageningen University & Research in the Netherlands. "China is the main leader in the development of renewable energy in the world. China's new renewable energy installed capacity accounts for about 60% of the global total increase. China has carried out large-scale afforestation and greening actions... These are all concrete actions of China's ecological civilization construction."
Robert Eugen Szep, Director of the Miercurea Ciuc Wildlife and Mountain Resources Research and Development Institute in Romania, recently came to China to participate in the training course on forestry resource development and utilization under climate change, which was sponsored by the Chinese Ministry of Commerce and undertaken by the Management Cadre College of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration. He observed that green development in China has covered areas such as clean energy and precision agriculture. "These green innovations are not isolated but are deeply integrated into regional and national overall development plans, which not only reduce the impact of production on the environment but also significantly improve production efficiency and people's quality of life, providing a reference for countries in similar transitional development stages," Szep said. "The success of the 'Two Mountains' concept lies in the fact that the relevant policies are implemented in a pragmatic, efficient, and consistent manner, achieving mutual promotion of economic growth and ecological protection."
"Provides Chinese ideas and Chinese solutions for global sustainable development and ecological civilization construction"
In Africa, the "bamboo instead of plastic" initiative launched by China not only effectively reduces plastic pollution but also makes bamboo a "green gold" in the eyes of local people. In Pacific island countries, the Juncao (菌草) technology training program from China has helped many local people get rid of poverty and prevent soil erosion... The "Two Mountains" concept has not only profoundly changed China but also widely influenced the world. This concept provides an important reference for developing countries to seek their own leapfrog development and achieve modernization, and provides new paths and new choices for global environmental governance.
"The extensive cooperation between Ethiopia and China in renewable energy, green transportation, and other fields is gratifying." Speaking of the green cooperation between the two countries, Lakef Melkamu, a wildlife tourism management official at Semien Mountains National Park in Ethiopia, has a lot of experience: The Adama Wind Power Project is Ethiopia's first wind power project and the fastest-built and most efficient clean energy project in the country's power history. The Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway (亚吉铁路) is the first standard-gauge cross-border electrified railway in East Africa, which not only provides development opportunities for relevant countries and regions, but also its energy-saving and environmentally friendly operation model has become the best footnote for jointly building a green "Belt and Road." Melkamu said that China's successful practices in environmental protection and sustainable development provide valuable experience for Ethiopia, and he looks forward to the two sides continuing to follow the "Two Mountains" concept, focusing on ecotourism, nature protection, and green technology, and deepening pragmatic cooperation.
"Egypt is working hard to transition to clean energy and promote sustainable agriculture. The 'Two Mountains' concept and its development practices are inspiring." Omar Muhammad, a lecturer at the Faculty of Agriculture at Al-Azhar University in Egypt, said that for developing countries, including Egypt, addressing climate change and achieving sustainable development is a major challenge. "I believe that by establishing green cooperative relations with China and sharing technical experience, Egypt and China will jointly move towards a cleaner and more sustainable future."
"'The 'Two Mountains' concept provides Chinese ideas and Chinese solutions for global sustainable development and ecological civilization construction, and provides a theoretical framework and practical reference for the green transformation of developing countries. The 'Two Mountains' concept is China's and also the world's," said Douglas. In recent years, South Africa and China have continued to deepen and solidify cooperation in areas such as clean energy and agricultural technology. "Currently, we are learning from China and building ecological and cultural villages in Northern Cape Province in accordance with local conditions, transforming natural capital such as mountains, forests, rivers, and farmland into cultural tourism assets, actively developing ecological agriculture and cultural tourism industries with South African characteristics, and creating more green jobs for local people, which will truly improve people's well-being."
(Reported on August 15 from Beijing, Johannesburg, Islamabad by reporters Zhou Zhou (周輖), Gong Ming (龚鸣), Wang Siyuan (汪思源), Li Zhiwei (李志伟), Zheng Xiang (郑翔), Cheng Shijie (程是颉))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 汪思源
Overlooking Beijing (北京) from a high vantage point, green corridors connect building complexes, and forests are embedded in the urban fabric; touring the Qiantang River (钱塘江) in Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江), along the river's tidal flats and wetlands, waterfowl inhabit, aquatic plants flourish, and urban gardens attract visitors; strolling leisurely through Yucun (余村) in Anji (安吉), the mountains are covered with lush bamboo forests, and tourists come in droves, the changes and beauty of the countryside are all before one's eyes... A recent trip to China left a deep impression on Nishantha Edirisinghe, Director General of the Forest Department of Sri Lanka.
"‘Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets’——the world should remember this concept that leads to historic, transformative, and comprehensive changes in China's ecological civilization construction. I have witnessed the ecological miracles and green development miracles created by this concept on the land of China: from the ecological restoration of degraded land to the large-scale application of renewable energy, to the iterative breakthroughs in green technologies such as new energy vehicles, all of which demonstrate the powerful vitality of this concept in practice," Edirisinghe said in a recent interview with this reporter.
Edirisinghe has visited many provinces and cities in China and was deeply impressed by the unique green development experiences. "The greening construction in cities such as Shenzhen (深圳), Guangdong (广东) has achieved multiple benefits of improving air quality, promoting biodiversity, alleviating the urban heat island effect, and providing recreational space for residents; cities such as Hangzhou (杭州) have enhanced flood control resilience and improved the aesthetic value of urban landscapes and public health levels through sponge city construction; some regions have carried out projects to return farmland to forests, promoting the conversion of degraded cultivated land into forest land, achieving a win-win situation for ecological restoration and targeted poverty alleviation..." He said, "Achieving these achievements is not accidental, but rather benefits from China's development path that comprehensively considers the deep integration of environment, economy, and society. This model of synergistic enhancement of ecology, economy, and society contributes a Chinese solution to global ecological governance."
Edirisinghe believes that the concept of "Two Mountains" represents a sustainable development concept that is not only feasible but also contains development dividends and is highly consistent with Sri Lanka's development strategy. He said: "As an island nation rich in biodiversity but vulnerable to climate change and environmental degradation, Sri Lanka is exploring a path to achieve coordinated development of ecological protection and economic prosperity. Over the past 20 years since the 'Two Mountains' concept was proposed, it has vividly interpreted China's vision and pragmatic actions. Relevant practices can not only reshape the landscape but also improve people's lives. We look forward to drawing wisdom and inspiration from the 'Two Mountains' concept."
Edirisinghe said that in response to the needs of developing countries, China actively promotes South-South cooperation, involving desertification prevention and control, wetland restoration, and forest carbon sink accounting, demonstrating China's leadership in global green development with practical actions. "Through high-quality joint construction of the 'Belt and Road' (一带一路) and other initiatives, China has become an important force in global green development, playing an important role in green infrastructure construction, renewable energy development, and sustainable transportation development." Edirisinghe said that Sri Lanka looks forward to deepening cooperation with China in areas such as green development knowledge exchange and capacity building, wetland management and urban forestry, and further expanding cooperation projects such as carbon trading mechanisms, forest resource monitoring, nature tourism planning, and climate resilience enhancement, to promote coordinated progress in sustainable development and ecological civilization construction.
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency, Kunming, August 15th (Reporters Dong Xue (董雪) and Peng Yikai (彭奕凯)) On August 15th, Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, clarified China's position on historical issues when jointly meeting with reporters after the 10th Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Foreign Ministers' Meeting.
Wang Yi (王毅) said, "I would also like to state China's position on this day. Eighty years ago today, Japan was defeated, accepted the Potsdam Proclamation, and announced its unconditional surrender. The war of aggression launched by Japanese militarists in those years brought profound disasters to the people of China and other Asian countries, and the Japanese people also suffered deeply. A series of international documents, such as the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation, clarified Japan's war responsibilities and demanded that Japan return the territories it had stolen from China, including Taiwan. This is an unchallengeable victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and an important part of the post-war international order. However, to this day, some forces in Japan are still trying to beautify the aggression, deny the aggression, distort history, tamper with history, and even reverse the verdicts and 招魂 (zhāo hún - "summoning souls," to recall the spirit of the dead; to revive something that is gone) for the war criminals of that year. This behavior is despicable and 自取其辱 (zì qǔ qí rǔ - "bring disgrace upon oneself," to ask for humiliation), a challenge to the Charter of the United Nations, a challenge to the post-war international order, a challenge to human conscience, and a challenge to the people of all victorious countries. Only by facing history squarely can one gain respect; only by learning from history can one create the future; only by 前事不忘 (qián shì bù wàng - "past experience, if not forgotten," lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten), can we prevent a relapse into error. We urge Japan to make the right choice."
Return to TopBy: 邓 励
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. The years steeped in blood and fire 80 years ago still stir our hearts across time and space.
In May 1938, Comrade Mao Zedong (毛泽东) wrote "On Protracted War" in a cave dwelling in Yan'an (延安). The assertion that "the final victory belongs to China" was like a beacon in the night, illuminating the direction for China in its suffering. In June 1940, General Charles de Gaulle (戴高乐) of France delivered "An Appeal to the French People" in Britain. The powerful vow that "the flame of French resistance must not and will not be extinguished" became the bugle call of the French Resistance, arousing the determination to resist Nazi Germany. At a time of national crisis, both Comrade Mao Zedong (毛泽东) and General de Gaulle (戴高乐) discerned the laws of historical development with extraordinary foresight, illuminating the dawn of victory.
Since ancient times, evil has never prevailed over good. Because justice originates from the people and is invincible. In China, hundreds of millions of people, with their indomitable will and flesh and blood, gathered into a vast ocean of people's war, tenaciously resisting the invaders. In France, workers and ordinary citizens rose up to resist aggression, composing magnificent poems. Justice is a human brilliance that transcends national borders: French doctor Bussière (贝熙叶) used a bicycle to open up a supply line in North China to transport medicines to the anti-Japanese base areas, and French priest Jacquinot de Bessenay (饶家驹) sheltered more than 300,000 displaced ordinary people in Shanghai (上海). This is a chapter of friendship jointly written by the Chinese and French people with conscience in the darkest moment, and it is also the immortal light of justice.
Being backward invites aggression, this is a profound lesson that the history of 80 years ago left to the Chinese nation and the world. Justice without the support of strength is destined to experience suffering. In the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, China was poor and weak, its industry was declining, and its equipment was scarce. Soldiers could only resist the Japanese invaders' planes and cannons with their flesh and blood. The lessons of Europe are equally profound. The Munich Agreement, judged by history, was the evil result of appeasement policy, and isn't appeasement policy a diplomatic manifestation of the domestic political, economic, and social problems of Britain and France at that time? The prayer for peace cannot be pinned on the benevolence of hegemony; the cornerstone of tranquility can only be built on one's own strength.
Today, the flames of World War II have dissipated, but humanity's peaceful vision of "turning swords into ploughshares and never fighting again" is still struggling through the thorns of reality. The world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, and the shadows of hegemonism, the逆流 (nìliú - "countercurrent," a trend or movement in opposition to the prevailing one), and the毒瘤 (dúliú - "malignant tumor," something harmful and difficult to eradicate) of terrorism still threaten global peace and prosperity.
President Xi Jinping (习近平) profoundly pointed out during his state visit to France in 2024: "Use the torch of history to illuminate the way forward." Standing at the crossroads of the times, the simple truths revealed by the Holocaust of World War II are becoming clearer.
Today's China has long bid farewell to the poverty and weakness of 80 years ago. This land, once ravaged, is releasing unprecedented power. The Chinese nation, which has gone from suffering to glory, will never accept any bullying. China always adheres to the correct direction of justice and history, advocates an equal and orderly world multi-polarization, promotes inclusive economic globalization, and is committed to being a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a maintainer of the international order.
A China that holds high the banner of a community with a shared future for mankind and moves towards the great rejuvenation of the nation will surely become a mainstay in maintaining world peace and stability. On the road ahead, China is willing to join hands with all forces in the world that love peace and pursue progress, jointly hold up the torch of history, and illuminate the broad road for mankind to lasting peace and common prosperity.
(The author is the Chinese Ambassador to France)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Kunming, August 15th (Reporters Dong Xue (董雪) and Peng Yikai (彭奕凯)) On August 14th, Wang Yi (王毅), Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, invited Cambodian Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Prak Sokhonn (布拉索昆) and Thai Foreign Minister Maris Sangiampongsa (玛里) to a tea chat in Anning (安宁) during the 10th Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Foreign Ministers' Meeting. The Chinese side summarized the consensus of the three parties as follows:
1. Cambodia and Thailand will be committed to strengthening contact and exchanges, restoring normal exchanges as soon as possible, and rebuilding and enhancing mutual trust.
2. The Chinese side supports Cambodia and Thailand in earnestly implementing the consensus reached at the recent Cambodia-Thailand leaders' meeting and the special meeting of the Cambodia-Thailand General Border Committee, restoring peace and tranquility in the border areas as soon as possible, and achieving a sustainable ceasefire.
3. The Chinese side supports ASEAN in continuing to play an active role and maintaining the overall unity of ASEAN.
4. It is hoped that Cambodia and Thailand will continue to accumulate conditions and strive to restore the normal state of the border areas as soon as possible, in response to the expectations of the border residents of the two countries.
5. China is willing to continue to play a constructive role according to the wishes of Cambodia and Thailand, including providing support and assistance for demining in areas agreed upon by the Cambodian-Thai border.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Kunming, August 15th (Reporters Dong Xue (董雪) and Peng Yikai (彭奕凯)) The 10th Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Foreign Ministers' Meeting was held in Anning (安宁), Yunnan (云南) on the 15th. Wang Yi (王毅), Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Thai Foreign Minister Maris Sangiampongsa (玛里) co-chaired the meeting. Cambodian Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Prak Sokhonn (布拉索昆), Lao Foreign Minister Saleumxay Kommasith (通沙万), Myanmar Foreign Minister Than Swe (丹穗), and Vietnamese Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Bui Thanh Son (裴青山) attended.
Wang Yi (王毅) said that over the past 10 years, the six countries have earnestly implemented the important consensus of the leaders, and Lancang-Mekong Cooperation has entered a fast track of comprehensive development, becoming the most dynamic and potential cooperation mechanism in the region. Standing at a new starting point, all parties should be committed to building a "Lancang-Mekong Cooperation 2.0 version" of unity and cooperation, open win-win, green innovation, and peace and security, jointly opening a new golden decade of Lancang-Mekong Cooperation, and accelerating the building of a Lancang-Mekong community with a shared future oriented towards peace and prosperity.
Wang Yi (王毅) put forward four suggestions: strengthen top-level design and keep a steady hand on the "steering wheel" of mechanism development; adhere to innovative development and engage the "accelerator" of pragmatic cooperation; deepen law enforcement cooperation and fasten the "seat belt" of harmony and stability; and strengthen people-to-people exchanges and add a "booster" of good-neighborliness and friendship.
The participating parties highly praised the achievements of Lancang-Mekong Cooperation over the past 10 years and appreciated China's important leading role. All parties agreed that in the face of a complex and severe international situation, it is necessary to strengthen cooperation in various fields, adhere to multilateralism, maintain free trade, combat transnational crime, jointly meet challenges, and safeguard regional peace, stability and prosperity.
The meeting released three outcome documents: the "Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Five-Year Action Plan (2023-2027) 2024 Implementation Progress Report," the "2025 Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Special Fund Support Project List," and "Progress, Challenges and Paths for Strengthening Non-Traditional Security Cooperation under the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation Mechanism."
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Kunming, August 15th (Reporters Dong Xue (董雪) and Peng Yikai (彭奕凯)) – China, Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand held an informal foreign ministers' meeting in Anning (安宁), Yunnan (云南) on the 15th. Wang Yi (王毅), Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Thongsavan Phomvihane (通沙万), Lao Foreign Minister, Than Swe (丹穗), Myanmar's Foreign Minister, and Maris Sangiampongsa (玛里), Thai Foreign Minister, attended the meeting.
Wang Yi (王毅) said that since the first quadrilateral meeting last year, the situation in Myanmar has generally stabilized, and it is focusing on promoting post-earthquake reconstruction and maintaining sovereignty, independence, and national stability. We must adhere to Myanmar-led and Myanmar-owned principles, support the choice of the Myanmar people, and properly handle differences through dialogue. We must adhere to ASEAN mediation and assistance from neighboring countries, with ASEAN as the main channel, and give full play to the role of mechanisms such as the informal meeting of foreign ministers of China, Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand, and the meeting of foreign ministers of Myanmar's neighboring countries. We must adhere to prioritizing people's livelihood and development, support Myanmar in improving people's livelihood, post-earthquake reconstruction, and promoting cooperation in various fields that benefit the people.
The Myanmar side stated that it appreciates the support and assistance provided by China (中国), Laos (老挝), and Thailand (泰国) as friendly neighbors in addressing challenges. Myanmar is committed to promoting the domestic peace and reconciliation process through political negotiations and is actively preparing to hold open and transparent elections at the end of the year to return power to the people.
The Lao side stated its support for the Myanmar-led and Myanmar-owned domestic political process.
The Thai side stated that the Myanmar issue is Myanmar's internal affair, and the international community should respect the choice of the Myanmar people.
The four foreign ministers exchanged views on jointly combating cross-border crimes. Wang Yi (王毅) pointed out that combating cross-border crimes concerns the safety and well-being of the people, is a common concern of the four countries, and requires a joint response. Since the last meeting, the four parties have worked closely together, strengthened border control, and achieved significant results in jointly combating cross-border crimes. However, the regional security situation is still not optimistic, and we must continue to work together.
The four parties unanimously agreed to continue strengthening law enforcement and security cooperation, and to increase efforts to combat cross-border crimes such as online gambling and telecom fraud, drug and arms trafficking, and human trafficking.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Tokyo (东京) report on August 15th (Reporter Zhu Yueying (朱玥颖)) The symposium "80 Years Since the End of the Pacific War, 80 Years Since Japan's Defeat, Building a Peaceful World" hosted by the Japanese "Association for Inheriting and Developing the Murayama Statement" was held in Tokyo (东京) on the 14th. Approximately 300 people, including representatives from Japanese political, academic, media, and peace organizations, participated. Japanese participants at the meeting believe that Japan should face up to its history of aggression and colonialism on the 80th anniversary of its unconditional surrender, prevent the spread of historical revisionist ideas, and build stable and mutually trusting relations between Japan and other Asian countries through dialogue and cooperation.
Former Japanese Prime Minister Yukio Hatoyama (鸠山由纪夫) pointed out in his speech that true "patriotism" lies in not evading historical facts and having the courage to admit and correct mistakes. Japan cannot say "compensation has been fulfilled and responsibility has been fulfilled" by itself. The responsibility is only over when the victorious countries or former colonies say "no further investigation will be pursued." "I firmly believe that promoting the development of peace and democracy on the basis of profound reflection on the past history is the path Japan should take."
Fujita Takanori (藤田高景), Chairman of the "Association for Inheriting and Developing the Murayama Statement," pointed out that Japan did not thoroughly investigate war criminals after the war, and some senior government officials and former cabinet ministers have repeatedly denied the history of aggression and colonial rule. Although the Murayama Statement in 1995 received positive evaluations from Asian countries, the Liberal Democratic Party (自民党) right-wing forces' opposition to the speech continues to this day. He cited the view of the late Japanese commentator Kato Shuichi (加藤周一) that "**歪曲历史百害无一利**" (wāiqū lìshǐ bǎi hài ér wú yī lì - "distorting history has hundreds of harms and not a single benefit," distorting history is completely harmful), calling for remembering important documents such as the Murayama Statement and inheriting and carrying forward its spirit to promote the development of peaceful and friendly relations between Japan and other Asian countries.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李 波 李 蕊
Recently, during an interview in Binzhou City (滨州市), Shandong Province (山东省), reporters discovered that a grain of wheat "starting" from the fields can be "transformed" into more than 600 kinds of products after "passing through" the processing line. This story began on a once barren saline-alkali land, and has blazed a trail of technology empowerment, full-chain value-added, and land feedback.
From "a single seed" to "tens of thousands of acres of fields"—
Targeted Breeding Promotes High Yield and Increased Income
In the fields of Xiaojia Village (肖家村), Bincheng District (滨城区), Binzhou City (滨州市), villager Xiao Jun (肖军) is working. This land grows wheat in winter and summer, and corn in autumn. This summer's wheat harvest yielded nearly 1200 jin per mu. However, the scene here was completely different more than a decade ago. "In the past, the seedlings on this land were sparse, and they would fall over with a gust of wind; some plots had severe alkali, and the seedlings would wither and die," Xiao Jun (肖军) recalled.
Binzhou (滨州) has more than 1.2 million mu of saline-alkali land. What is the secret to transforming "barren land" into fertile fields?
"Not only must we improve the land, but we must also seek breakthroughs from the source—selecting and breeding salt-alkali-tolerant varieties to adapt to saline-alkali land," said Li Hengzhao (李恒钊), director of the Breeding and R&D Center of Binzhou Zhongyu Food Co., Ltd. (滨州中裕食品有限公司).
However, breeding on saline-alkali滩 is very difficult.
"The first hurdle is that the 'temperament' of saline-alkali land is difficult to grasp. Even on the same piece of land, the salinity is different. Testing ordinary seeds here is like the blind men摸象," Li Hengzhao (李恒钊) said.
Li Hengzhao (李恒钊) and his team took a different approach, planting the selected seeds in artificially simulated saline-alkali pools, and conducting targeted breeding in repeated artificially proportioned "saltwater baths." "This is like military training to select generals, leaving only those tough guys who survive the 'torture' of salt and alkali, forcing the seeds to continuously 'strengthen their muscles and bones'," Li Hengzhao (李恒钊) said.
In 2023, the "Yutianmai 126" (裕田麦126) wheat variety cultivated locally successfully passed the national review.
After a good seed is bred, promotion and implementation is another challenge.
"The government took the lead in promotion, but when we sent the new salt-alkali-resistant varieties to farmers, we often encountered shaking heads and doubts," Li Hengzhao (李恒钊) said, revealing helplessness when talking about the initial promotion. "We took the initiative to deliver seeds to their doorsteps for free, hey, some villagers accepted them, and then turned around and ground the painstakingly cultivated seeds into flour."
What to do? "What the people recognize is seeing is believing. We took the initiative to sign agreements with farmers. If they lose money, the loss is ours," Li Hengzhao (李恒钊) said. When the real high-yield data was in front of them, the farmers' attitude completely changed, and some even became voluntary propagandists.
"If others can grow this salt-alkali-resistant seed, why don't we try it?" Xiao Jun (肖军) took out two mu of land as an experimental field. By the second year, the wheat waves were rolling. "The farmers who were watching the excitement at the beginning scrambled for seeds." Xiao Jun's (肖军) words revealed a simple truth, "Effective is the hard truth!"
Now, Xiao Jun (肖军) has become a major grain grower in the area, expanding his planting area to 300 mu, all using salt-alkali-resistant varieties.
Currently, Binzhou City (滨州市) has independently bred 12 new varieties of high-quality wheat.
From "raw grain" to "refined grain"—
Conserving Grain Through Intensive Processing
In the workshop of Zhongyu Food Co., Ltd. (中裕食品有限公司), the pulverizer was "buzzing," and golden wheat was crushed and separated, with snow-white flour falling into the silo.
Bran, which used to be piled in the corner as waste, is now entering another production line along the conveyor belt—where it will complete a gorgeous transformation into high-value dietary fiber powder.
"In the past, this bran was used as feed, worth only 1,800 yuan per ton, but now its value is 'somersaulting' upwards, at 30,000 yuan per ton," said Liu Tongtong (刘通通), Dean of the Agricultural Science Research Institute of Zhongyu Food Co., Ltd. (中裕食品有限公司). "This is not just a simple grind, there is a lot of knowledge hidden inside."
This knowledge must be explained starting with a story of "finding cloth."
Wheat bran contains rich dietary fiber, but how can these "treasures" be separated cleanly and neatly from other impurities that are entangled together?
"In the workshop, material separation has been stuck," Liu Tongtong (刘通通) said. "When filtering fiber, the filter cloth is always blocked, and debris sticks to the gauze, making it impossible to pour out."
The filter cloths on the market are either too large in pore size and leak material, or too fine and clog quickly. At a loss, Liu Tongtong (刘通通) thought of finding a cloth shop to customize.
"Boss, the cloth I want must have pores that can 'sift' out particles as fine as a strand of hair, but water can flow through it quickly." He gestured with his hands.
The shop owner looked at him for a long time: "Young man, are you doing scientific research or tailoring?"
Unable to explain clearly, Liu Tongtong (刘通通) took out a pen and drew as he spoke. After repeated communication and attempts, a suitable filter cloth was finally customized, greatly improving the separation efficiency.
In the R&D center, glass bottles contain dietary fiber extracted from bran. "These are all scraps that used to be thrown away," Liu Tongtong (刘通通) said. "Now, one ton of wheat bran can extract 400 kilograms of dietary fiber. We have formulated high-fiber flour, potba, potato chips and other products, and the company can add 110 million yuan in profits every year."
It is not only bran that has doubled in value: the flour from initial processing is made into noodles and bread; in the deep processing stage, 16,000 yuan per ton of gluten powder is transformed into 220,000 yuan per ton of protein peptides; in the intensive processing stage, arabinoxylan is also extracted from distiller's grains...
"Technological innovation is the key to the versatility of wheat. In Binzhou (滨州), a grain of wheat can be 'transformed' into more than 600 kinds of products. Through brand promotion, the total output value of one ton of wheat can be increased from 3,700 yuan to about 9,140 yuan," said Lin Bingchuan (蔺兵川), Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Director of the Binzhou Municipal Grain and Material Reserve Bureau (滨州市粮食和物资储备局).
At Zhongyu Food Co., Ltd. (中裕食品有限公司), through intensive processing, the utilization rate of wheat is close to 100%, saving 500,000 tons of grain every year.
From waste to "sweet pastry"—
Recycling Turns Waste into Treasure
The production of gluten powder and edible alcohol generates a large amount of liquid distiller's grains, which have a pungent odor, are expensive to treat, and cannot be discharged, which has been a long-term problem for enterprises. Can the burden be turned into a resource?
Zhongyu Food Co., Ltd. (中裕食品有限公司) has a pig farm with an annual output of 100,000 pigs. In the past, feed consumed a lot of grain, and distiller's grains can replace part of the feed. If it can be scientifically treated, it can effectively save grain.
"Take a look at this." Li Huaijian (李怀健), assistant to the director of the Second Production Branch of Zhongyu Food Co., Ltd. (中裕食品有限公司), pointed his pencil to the first "tank" on the paper, "This is a distiller's grains settling tank. During settling, the high-concentration distiller's grains settle down and become the 'prototype' of liquid feed, which is then fermented and processed."
"The initially formulated feed was 'collectively protested' by the pigs." Li Huaijian (李怀健) recalled, "The pigs were so hungry that they kept humming, and they wouldn't even touch the things in the trough."
As a result, a research team composed of multiple departments got busy.
"Arguments are commonplace. Everyone argues red-faced over 0.1 units of pH value and repeatedly adjusts the formula," Li Huaijian (李怀健) said with a chuckle. "Now this feed is very popular."
New troubles came again. Li Huaijian (李怀健) pulled out a photo from his mobile phone, showing scorched and lodged crops, "If untreated pig manure is used as fertilizer after the feed is changed, there will be many germs, which will not only compete for nutrients, but also 'burn' the crops to death."
How to deal with it? The team thought of using anaerobic fermentation to treat pig manure. At this time, the low-concentration distiller's grains waste liquid at the top of the tank became an ideal "fermentation partner."
The fermented material is divided into two routes.
One route becomes biogas slurry, which is mixed with Yellow River (黄河) water and flows into an experimental field with severe saline-alkali and no crops can grow. "Hey, it's amazing!" Li Huaijian (李怀健) raised his voice, "The biogas slurry is rich in organic matter. When it is poured down, the soil becomes loose, new seedlings emerge, and the harvest also increases."
The other route, biogas drives power generation. "The first time we successfully generated electricity, when the lights were so stable, everyone said 'it's really powerful'," Li Huaijian (李怀健) laughed.
Relying on this model, the company can save 28,000 tons of grain a year, save 54 million yuan in wastewater treatment costs, increase feed utilization by more than 10%, and increase the economic benefits of pig breeding by more than 20%.
Previously, at the national on-site promotion meeting for post-production grain conservation and loss reduction, Song Yongxiang (宋永祥), Secretary of the Binzhou Municipal Party Committee (滨州市委), summarized the experience with "three simple sentences": "As long as the chain is long enough, every grain is eaten and squeezed dry; as long as the product is fine enough, even dregs and bran have a role to play; as long as the brand is 'bright' enough, every product sells well."
(Wang Shuo (王朔) participated in writing)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 琼达卓嘎
On the morning of August 15th, in Senga Village (森嘎村), Changsuo Township (长所乡), Dingri County (定日县), Shigatse City (日喀则市), Tibet (西藏), at the foot of Mount Everest (珠峰), the sunlight shone on the brand-new, clean Tibetan-style courtyards, and the five-star red flags on the roofs of every household fluttered in the wind.
On the other side, in the prefabricated house of Nyima Tsering (尼玛次仁)'s family in the Senga Village resettlement site, his wife, Pupu (普布), dressed their child in new clothes, and Nyima Tsering took out his mobile phone for the fifth time to check the time: "12 o'clock, time to move into the new house!"
On January 7th of this year, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake occurred in Dingri County. On March 3rd, the post-disaster recovery and reconstruction work officially started. After more than 100 days of intense construction, the first batch of rebuilt houses were completed recently and are ready for occupancy.
Nyima Tsering's family is one of the first families to move into the new houses. "My family was allocated a large house of more than 200 square meters." Talking about the new house, Nyima Tsering's father, Qunpei (群培), was very happy.
Around 8 o'clock, Pupu couldn't sit still and couldn't wait to go to the new house to prepare. Pupu cooked milk and brick tea, humming a little tune and arranging the new home in the aroma of milk.
12 o'clock arrived!
Qunpei held a pure white Hada and solemnly stepped over the threshold of the new house, with Nyima Tsering carrying a thick Khaden carpet behind him. "Aba Ama, the first pot of tea in the new house, drink it while it's hot!" Pupu quickly greeted them with steaming butter tea, her voice excited and slightly trembling.
Qunpei walked to the wall and stroked it again and again: "The foundation of this house is dug below the permafrost layer, the steel bars used are thick and strong, and the bricks and cement are carefully selected." Qunpei built the old adobe house himself, and he knows how good this new home is. "The country has given us such a good house. Next, we must rely on ourselves to decorate the new house and live a good life!" Qunpei sat in the spacious and bright living room, drinking butter tea, and couldn't help but sigh.
On the night of the 14th, the whole family, young and old, sat together in the temporary prefabricated house, excitedly planning how to decorate the new house.
"When the earthquake collapsed the house, I didn't dare to think that we could live in a brick house with large glass windows!" Qunpei's eyes were wet. From the ruins after the disaster, to yearning for happiness in the prefabricated house, to the bright and solid new house in front of him, he didn't expect it to be so fast. "Following the Communist Party will bring happiness! We sincerely thank the Party for its care!" Qunpei said.
Gradually, the village road became more and more lively.
The laughter of neighbors and the running of children were intertwined. People wore beautiful clothes, with smiles on their faces, holding Khaden carpets and bedding in their arms, and carrying thermoses and teapots, heading towards their new homes. Grandpa Luosang (洛桑), 84 years old, walked slowly along the newly paved, flat cement road, carefully looking at the new houses and new roads, "I didn't expect the village to be so clean and tidy one day, it's so good! So good!"
Since the start of post-disaster reconstruction, the Party Committee and Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区党委政府) established a leading group, and Shigatse City established a frontline command, with nearly 10,000 Party members and cadres working on the front line, and 836 cadres stationed day and night on the construction site. The command organized workers to work in shifts, the building materials support team prepared materials in advance, and the quality supervision team was on duty around the clock... As of August 15th, 2,578 households and 12,139 disaster-stricken people in Shigatse had moved into new homes. It is expected that by the end of October, all disaster-stricken people will move into new homes and spend the winter warmly. "We will speed up the improvement of industrial facilities and continue to promote employment and income increase for local people," said Sonataje (索那塔杰), member of the Standing Committee of the Shigatse Municipal Party Committee and Deputy Mayor.
Nyima Tsering's family sat in the bright living room watching TV, and in the village history museum square outside the door, the villagers danced the joyful Guozhuang dance. Through the glass, Qunpei looked at the highland barley and flax in the distant farmland, "In another month or so, we will have a good harvest, and life will get better and better!"
Return to TopAugust 15th, tourists visit the Memorial Hall of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Western Yunnan.
On the same day, the Memorial Hall of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Western Yunnan, after more than four months of upgrading and renovation, reopened to the public. The Memorial Hall of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Western Yunnan is located in Tengchong City (腾冲市), Yunnan Province (云南省), with a total area of 53,300 square meters. It integrates various functions such as exhibition, collection, research, admiration, and publicity and education. It was officially completed and opened to the public free of charge on August 15, 2013. Over the 12 years since its opening, it has received more than 1.4 million visitors annually. The upgraded and renovated Memorial Hall of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Western Yunnan has expanded the exhibition area and increased the number of exhibits.
Xinhua News Agency reporter Pu Chao (浦超) photographed.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 15th (Reporter). The State Council has appointed and removed national personnel.
Zheng Zeguang (郑泽光) concurrently serves as the Representative to the International Maritime Organization; Wang Jinfeng (王锦峰) has been appointed as the Representative to the International Seabed Authority.
Chen Daojiang (陈道江) is relieved of his duty as the Representative to the International Seabed Authority.
Return to TopIn recent days, the National Health Commission, in conjunction with the Ministry of Education and other relevant departments, conducted a comprehensive and in-depth investigation into the Xiao Mou and Dong Mouying incidents, involving relevant units, personnel, and related issues. Relevant departments in Beijing (北京) actively participated, organizing expert groups to assess the "4+4" pilot program of Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院) through interviews, reviewing original materials, and other methods, thereby clarifying the facts. On August 15, the investigation team of the National Health Commission issued a notice on the investigation, handling, and accountability.
Regarding the investigation of personnel involved from China-Japan Friendship Hospital (中日友好医院), Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院), Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院), and the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院肿瘤医院), the notice revealed that Xiao Mou's primary problems of violating regulations, disciplines, and laws exposed issues within China-Japan Friendship Hospital (中日友好医院), including unsound and poorly implemented systems for medical quality and safety management, as well as medical ethics. Cui Mou, the vice president (presiding over administrative work) of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (中日友好医院), Liang Mouyang, the director of thoracic surgery where Xiao Mou worked, and Zhang Mou, the deputy director of the nursing department and head nurse of the surgical anesthesia nursing unit and operating room nursing unit, failed to fulfill their responsibilities effectively. In April 2019, Ma Mou of the Academic Affairs Office of Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院) failed to identify that the transcript (totaling 16 credits for 4 courses) provided by Dong Mouying from the University of Science and Technology Beijing (北京科技大学) was forged during the review of her application materials. Bing Mouxing, an attending physician in thoracic surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院), privately arranged for Dong Mouying to assist in cavity mirror fixation during a "fluorescent cavity mirror precise lung segment surgery" at the Sixth Hospital of Beijing (北京市第六医院) during her internship and provided false promotional materials. Qiu Mouxing, Dong Mouying's supervisor, designated Wu Mou and Wu Mouhong from the Department of Orthopedics at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院) to be responsible for Dong Mouying's scientific research training and thesis guidance. Dong Mouying conducted a proposal report in February 2021 on "The Application of Artificial Intelligence Imaging Technology in Spinal Deformity" and applied for a doctoral dissertation defense in May 2023 with "Research on Cross-Modal Image Fusion Technology in Medical Image Analysis." The dissertation was inconsistent with the proposal report, and the title change did not undergo relevant approval procedures. Wu Mouhong, as the thesis advisor, also served as a member of the defense committee, violating the relevant regulations of the school's graduation thesis defense. Zhang Mou, the vice president of Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院) in charge of enrollment, teaching, and other work, failed to fulfill her management responsibilities effectively. Zhang Mouguo, the director of the Department of Orthopedics at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院), greeted Yi Mou, the director of spinal surgery at China-Japan Friendship Hospital (中日友好医院), to facilitate the adjustment of Dong Mouying's standardized residency training rotation plan. Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院), Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院), and the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院肿瘤医院) did not strictly manage the academic papers published by students and staff. During Dong Mouying's studies at school and work at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院肿瘤医院), one academic paper published as the first author had duplicate publication behavior. The corresponding author of the paper was Wu Mou from the Department of Internal Medicine at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院). In three academic papers published as co-first authors, the co-first author was Song Mou from the Department of Urology at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院肿瘤医院). Both mainly undertook translation work and had no substantial academic contribution to the content of the guidelines. The author ranking was inconsistent with their actual contribution to the paper, which was an improper authorship. The corresponding author was Xing Mouzeng from the Department of Urology at the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院肿瘤医院), who had problems with lax supervision of paper authorship. A review of the admission qualifications of other students in the "4+4" pilot program at Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院) found no violations. The online rumors that two students were the granddaughters of an academician and that individual students obtained admission qualifications through artistic specialties were untrue.
Regarding the investigation of personnel involved in Dong Mouying's forged transcript and plagiarism of her dissertation, the notice revealed that in January 2019, Ban Moujuan (Dong Mouying's aunt, then the deputy director of the International Cooperation and Exchange Department) of the University of Science and Technology Beijing (北京科技大学), through Li Moukuan (then the director of the Registration Center of the Academic Affairs Office), facilitated the forging of Dong Mouying's transcript to provide convenience for Dong Mouying's application for admission to the "4+4" pilot program at Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院). In early 2023, Ban Moujuan arranged for Ma Mouyuan, a teacher in her team, to provide assistance in writing Dong Mouying's doctoral dissertation. At Dong Mouying's request, Ma Mouyuan sent the process draft of a master's thesis of a graduate student he was supervising (who graduated on schedule in 2023 and obtained a master's degree) to Dong Mouying without the graduate student's knowledge, providing convenience for Dong Mouying's plagiarism. Ban Moujuan acquiesced after learning about it.
The notice showed that, based on the investigation results and in accordance with relevant national regulations, and according to the authority of cadre management and approval of punishments, serious accountability was pursued against relevant responsible personnel and institutions on the basis of the investigation and handling of Xiao Mou and Dong Mouying. The Party Leadership Group of the National Health Commission gave Cui Mou, the vice president (presiding over administrative work) of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (中日友好医院), a letter of admonishment; and gave Zhang Mou, the vice president of Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院) in charge of enrollment, teaching, and other work, a serious warning within the Party.
The Party Committee of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (中日友好医院) gave Liang Mouyang, the director of thoracic surgery, a warning within the Party and a demerit; gave Shi Mouhui, the deputy head nurse of the general surgery nursing unit and head nurse of thoracic surgery, a warning within the Party and removed her from her position; gave Zhang Mou, the deputy director of the nursing department and head nurse of the surgical anesthesia nursing unit and operating room nursing unit, a warning; and gave Yi Mou, the director of spinal surgery, a letter of admonishment. The Party Committee of Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院) gave Ma Mou, the director of the Academic Affairs Office, a demotion and removed him from his position. The Party Committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院) gave Zhang Mouguo, the director of the Department of Orthopedics, a letter of admonishment; gave Bing Mouxing, an attending physician in thoracic surgery, a demotion; gave Qiu Mouxing, Dong Mouying's supervisor, criticism and education (retired and no longer serving as a graduate student supervisor), Wu Mou of the Department of Orthopedics a letter of admonishment and suspended his graduate student enrollment qualification for two years, and Wu Mouhong of the Department of Orthopedics a letter of admonishment and suspended his graduate student enrollment qualification for one year; and gave Wu Mou, the corresponding author of the repeatedly published paper, a research integrity admonishment talk. The Party Committee of the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院肿瘤医院) gave Xing Mouzeng, the corresponding author of the improperly signed paper, a research integrity admonishment talk, criticism and education, and ordered him to make a self-criticism; and gave Song Mou, the co-first author of the improperly signed paper, a research integrity admonishment talk.
The Party Committee of the University of Science and Technology Beijing (北京科技大学) gave Ban Moujuan a one-year probation within the Party and a demotion, revoked her qualification as a graduate student supervisor, and transferred her away from her teaching position; gave Li Moukuan a serious warning within the Party and a demerit, and removed him from his position; gave Ma Mouyuan a serious warning within the Party and a demerit, and suspended his graduate student enrollment qualification for two years; and gave Ning Moujun, the then deputy director of the Academic Affairs Office who failed to fulfill his management responsibilities effectively, a letter of admonishment.
The Party Leadership Group of the National Health Commission ordered the Party Committee of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (中日友好医院), the Party Committee of Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院), and the Party Committee of Peking Union Medical College Hospital (北京协和医院), and the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Education ordered the Party Committee of the University of Science and Technology Beijing (北京科技大学) to make written self-criticisms and earnestly rectify the situation.
Regarding improving and perfecting the "4+4" pilot program at Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院), the notice pointed out that the "4+4" pilot program at Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院) aims to explore and promote medical education reform and promote the integration of medical education with multidisciplinary fields. The National Health Commission and the Ministry of Education urged and guided Peking Union Medical College (北京协和医学院) to conduct in-depth rectification. The "4+4" pilot program should strictly limit the application conditions, strictly control the scope of undergraduate graduation schools and majors of applicants, strictly define the qualifications of overseas undergraduate schools, limit the medical-related course credits taken in the undergraduate stage to those obtained at the undergraduate university, strengthen the verification of transcripts, adhere to **立德树人** (lì dé shù rén - "establish virtue cultivate people," to cultivate morality and talent), increase the second plagiarism check management in the second year after the dissertation defense, and uniformly carry out a 3-year standardized residency training for graduates of the "4+4" pilot program.
The National Health Commission and the Ministry of Education stated that they will unremittingly adhere to comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, continuously promote comprehensive rectification, further strengthen medical ethics and school spirit construction, promote special rectification of medical quality and safety, and guide the majority of practitioners to consciously practice the noble professional spirit and better serve the people.
Return to TopBy: 白剑峰
A few days ago, the investigation team of the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) released a report on the investigation, handling, and accountability of the Xiao (肖某) and Dong Mouying (董某莹) incident. After a comprehensive and in-depth investigation by the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) in conjunction with the Ministry of Education (教育部) and other relevant departments, serious accountability was pursued for relevant violations of regulations, disciplines, and laws, responding to social concerns and conforming to the will of the people.
Previously, after the report against Xiao (肖某) of the Department of Thoracic Surgery at China-Japan Friendship Hospital (中日友好医院) triggered relevant public opinion, the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) acted quickly, establishing an investigation team at the first time. Adhering to the principles of seeking truth from facts, objectivity, and fairness, it conducted a serious investigation and verification of Xiao (肖某), Dong Mouying (董某莹), and relevant institutions involved in the incident in conjunction with relevant parties, and promptly reported on the progress of the investigation and handling of the public opinion incident caused by Xiao (肖某).
The report presents clear facts, is well-reasoned and convincing, and has authority and seriousness. It reflects a high degree of importance attached to the cultivation of medical talents, medical quality and safety, and the construction of medical ethics, and demonstrates a clear attitude of "zero tolerance" towards unhealthy tendencies in the medical industry. Relevant departments, with the courage to turn the blade inward and 刮骨疗毒 (guā gǔ liáo dú - "scrape the bone to remove poison," to resolutely correct mistakes), acted swiftly and resolutely eliminated the "tumors" in the medical industry, which is commendable. Relevant departments faced the "eye of the storm" of public opinion, dispelled many of the public's doubts, further clarified the layers of fog, and brought the truth of the incident to light. Facts have proved that in the face of public opinion events, only by adhering to openness and transparency, without concealment or favoritism, can we win public trust and reshape the industry's good image.
Medicine is a discipline that concerns life and health, and cannot tolerate the slightest bit of falsification. Doctors, who shoulder the noble mission of healing the wounded and rescuing the dying, are often held to higher standards of professional ethics. Allowing outstanding talents to study and practice medicine is a respect and awe for life. And there is never a shortcut to becoming a doctor. Only through rigorous training can one live up to the heavy responsibility of life. Medical colleges are the cradle of medical talents and must establish a scientific and strict selection and training system to build a team of medical personnel with superb medical skills and noble medical ethics, so as to build a solid foundation for safeguarding people's life and health.
Currently, China's average life expectancy has reached 79 years, and its main health indicators are among the highest in middle- and high-income countries. These achievements are the result of the hard work of the vast number of health workers. Medical personnel are the guardians of people's life and health, and also the main force in promoting the construction of a healthy China. Whenever there is a crisis, medical personnel protect life with their lives, winning praise from the whole society. This group is worthy of trust and respect.
At present, with the increasing health needs of the people, how to further improve medical quality and protect people's health has become a "must-answer question." The National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) is organizing a special rectification of medical quality and safety in the national health system, which is not only responsible for the people's life and health, but also a care for the vast number of medical personnel. Recently, the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) and other departments issued the "Code of Professional Ethics for Medical Personnel (2025 Edition)," requiring further standardization of the moral behavior of medical personnel, promoting a noble professional spirit, practicing socialist core values, and guiding medical personnel to understand great virtues, abide by medical ethics, observe public morality, and strictly observe private morality. This is a key measure to strengthen the construction of work style in the medical and health industry and improve the professional quality of medical personnel in the new era, providing a solid guarantee for promoting the high-quality development of the health cause and enhancing the people's health and well-being.
"Health is entrusted, life is entrusted." Medical quality and safety are related to the health rights and life safety of the people and are the lifeline of the medical industry. It is hoped that relevant departments and institutions will take this as an opportunity to learn from one instance and apply it to others, further strengthen the construction of medical ethics and work style and the construction of school spirit and teaching style, vigorously promote the professional spirit of respecting life, rescuing the dying and healing the wounded, being willing to dedicate, and boundless love, guide the vast number of medical workers to abide by medical ethics, medical style, and medical ethics, become guardians of people's life and health, and consolidate the health foundation for Chinese-style modernization.
Return to TopBy: 杨作仁
Netizen: I saw a recent report saying that cotton can be used to produce expensive astaxanthin. I want to know, how is this achieved? Besides making clothes, how many "hidden skills" does cotton actually have?
Editor: Seemingly ordinary cotton is actually an "all-around treasure." With the help of plant synthetic biology technology, scientists are constantly exploring the value of cotton in depth and breadth. In this issue of "Focus on the Frontier," we invited Yang Zuoren (杨作仁), a researcher at the Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (中国农业科学院棉花研究所) and a researcher at the Western Agricultural Research Center (西部农业研究中心), to reveal the "hidden skills" of cotton for us.
From "Cloth Growing on Plants" to "Antioxidant Synthesis Factory"
Cotton is "cloth growing on plants" - the cotton boll splits open, revealing fluffy fibers, which can be spun and woven into textiles such as clothing and quilts.
Cotton fibers can be divided into three major categories according to length: coarse cotton fibers are short and thick like crew cuts, and the denim woven from them is dense and durable, with twice the tear resistance of ordinary cotton; fine cotton, with its balanced strength and breathability, is the absolute mainstay of everyday textiles, with applications including close-fitting clothing, home textiles, and medical protection (gauze, cotton balls), and most of the cotton currently grown in China belongs to this category; long-staple cotton has the characteristics of long fibers and good hand feel, and is often used to spin high-count yarns, and is a material for high-end home textiles and clothing.
Cotton is more than just a textile raw material. With the help of plant synthetic biology and other technologies, cotton is upgrading from a "fiber expert" to a "functional factory." In June of this year, the engineering cotton created by the Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (中国农业科学院棉花研究所) and the Institute of Biotechnology (生物技术研究所) in collaboration with the Western Agricultural Research Center (西部农业研究中心) to produce astaxanthin is a representative achievement in this research.
Astaxanthin is one of the natural antioxidants, and its antioxidant capacity is much higher than that of vitamin E and β-carotene, and is known as a "super antioxidant." Astaxanthin has the functions of scavenging oxygen free radicals in the body, enhancing the regenerative capacity of cells, maintaining the balance of the body, and reducing the accumulation of senescent cells in the body, and is widely used in the fields of food, feed, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. At present, natural astaxanthin is mainly extracted from Haematococcus pluvialis and crustaceans (shrimp, crabs, etc.). However, the yield of these extractions is limited, and the bioactivity of chemically synthesized astaxanthin is low.
Because cotton plants contain abundant astaxanthin synthesis precursors - carotenoids, cotton is considered an ideal "substitute factory" for astaxanthin synthesis. Researchers have opened up the astaxanthin synthesis pathway in three steps: first, introduce the "key key," "borrow" β-carotene ketolase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, and "borrow" β-carotene hydroxylase from Haematococcus pluvialis; then install "biological navigation," install plastid localization signals on these exogenous enzymes, and accurately guide them to the "production workshop"; finally, start the "whole plant assembly line," implant gene expression modules in ordinary cotton "Zhongmiansuo 49 (中棉所49)," and finally cultivate "TY engineering cotton" that produces astaxanthin.
The leaves, flower organs, cotton bolls, cottonseeds, and cottonseed oil of the engineering cotton plants all exhibit the characteristic red color of astaxanthin in the seedling and mature stages, and the accumulation of astaxanthin in different tissues shows a gradient distribution. What are the uses of astaxanthin-rich engineering cotton? In "TY engineering cotton," cotton is like being equipped with a "biological chip," transforming into an "antioxidant synthesis factory." For example, cotton leaves and cotton boll shells can be developed as animal feed additives (replacing artificial pigments), and can also be used as raw materials for extracting astaxanthin, etc.; the efficacy and added value of cottonseed oil have also been upgraded, and the natural vitamin E in cottonseed oil combined with astaxanthin can enhance the antioxidant synergistic effect.
From Cottonseed to Cotton Stalk, the Whole Cotton Plant is a Treasure
Fiber is cotton's "main business," and cotton's "side business" has long been used in our lives.
Cottonseed is the "hardcore fruit" produced by cotton. Cottonseed oil is one of China's traditional edible vegetable oils, and cottonseed meal after oil extraction is the second largest source of feed plant protein produced in China, and can be used as feed for ruminants such as cattle and sheep and aquaculture. In recent years, with the increasing maturity of processing equipment and process technology, the protein content and quality of cottonseed protein products have been significantly improved, and cottonseed concentrated protein is welcomed by many aquatic feed companies.
Cottonseed hulls are also very useful. Cottonseed hulls contain 4%-6% crude protein and 43%-48% crude fiber, and are one of the most important raw materials for edible mushroom cultivation. According to reports, every 100 kg of cottonseed hulls can be used to produce 100 kg of oyster mushrooms, 150-200 kg of shiitake mushrooms, 160 kg of enoki mushrooms, and 7-10 kg of Ganoderma lucidum, respectively, making them a good choice for edible mushroom culture media. In addition, cottonseed hulls can also be used as raw materials for fine chemicals such as activated carbon, furfural, xylose, and xylitol, with great potential for added value.
Cottonseeds also contain "sweeteners" - raffinose. Raffinose is a "low-calorie functional oligosaccharide" with the characteristics of low calorie and not being digested and absorbed by the human body but can promote intestinal health, and is an ideal additive for health foods, suitable for weight loss foods, low-sugar foods, and special diets for diabetic patients. In addition, raffinose can be preferentially used by beneficial bacteria such as bifidobacteria in the intestine, promoting the proliferation of these beneficial bacteria, thereby improving the intestinal microecological environment, helping to enhance immunity, and preventing problems such as constipation and diarrhea.
If the utilization of cottonseeds and leaves is "tapping internal potential," then the development of "waste materials" such as cotton linters and cotton stalks allows cotton to move towards "full biomass utilization."
After the gin separates the long fibers from the cottonseeds, a large amount of cotton linters remain on the cottonseeds, which were mostly regarded as waste in the past, but their use is actually not to be underestimated. Cotton linters can be widely used in food, medicine, daily chemicals, plastics, electronics, papermaking, metallurgy, aerospace and other fields, and are known as "special industrial monosodium glutamate." Smokeless gunpowder made from cotton linters is also an important raw material for the defense industry. In recent years, foreign scientists have discovered that cotton linters can also be used to produce and prepare biodegradable plastic films.
Cotton stalks account for more than 50% of the total biomass of cotton, and are mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, which can be converted into high-value products such as bio-based materials, chemicals, and biofuels. In livestock production, cotton stalks can be used as feed for cattle and sheep. Crushed cotton stalk fibers mixed with cement and sand can be used to prepare cement blocks, which have good mechanical properties. Cotton stalks can also be used as a solid fermentation raw material for the production of high-quality biochar.
From "Single Output" to "Multi-functional High-value" Transformation
When a cotton leaf and a cottonseed can become a "mini-factory" for astaxanthin, scientists are constantly exploring the application value of this ancient crop. In laboratories and industry, the application range of cotton is constantly expanding, weaving a three-dimensional network connecting agriculture, food, health products, energy, and environmental protection.
Promoting the transformation of cotton from "single output" to "multi-functional high-value," synthetic biology is the key technical support. In addition to creating engineering cotton that can produce astaxanthin, researchers have also conducted many explorations.
For example, the Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (中国农业科学院棉花研究所) cultivated pink fiber cotton by introducing the betalain synthesis pathway from dragon fruit into cotton; Henan University (河南大学) cultivated golden fiber cotton by increasing the intensity of carotenoid synthesis. The cultivation of these new colored cottons is expected to reduce the pollution of dyes to the environment and provide consumers with more choices.
Based on synthetic biology technology, cotton will be used as a carrier to compile more gene maps of high value-added products. For example, develop blue, purple, orange and other colorful cotton; use cotton fibers, cotton leaves, etc. as cell factories to produce more high value-added functional compounds. With the deepening of research, we look forward to the emergence of more functional, diverse, colorful, environmentally friendly and sustainable cotton varieties.
From "single output" to "all-round player," cotton has taken off with the wings of science and technology, and its application scenarios will continue to expand, covering more fields.
(The author is a researcher at the Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (中国农业科学院棉花研究所) and a researcher at the Western Agricultural Research Center (西部农业研究中心), interviewed and compiled by Yu Sinan (喻思南), a reporter from this newspaper)
Return to TopBy: 董 超
The human brain excels at recognizing the broad outlines of faces, objects, and other elements in a picture, but it is not good at restoring the fine textures of hair, the delicate quality of skin, and other details. Image restoration technology can fill this gap. In the field of image restoration, artificial intelligence can perform even better than humans. Whether it's a blurry low-resolution image or an old photo full of imperfections, artificial intelligence can use "magic" to turn it into a high-definition image.
The development of image restoration technology is like an ever-evolving relay race, with three major innovations: deep convolutional network technology in 2014, which gave images clear outlines; adversarial generative network technology in 2017, which made the visual experience more natural; and diffusion generative model technology in 2023, which added realistic details to images. By 2025, the fusion of adversarial generative network and diffusion generative model technologies has led to the birth of a new intelligent restoration large model, HYPIR, marking a new achievement in the field of image restoration.
This intelligent restoration large model has three main highlights. First, it combines the advantages of adversarial generative networks and diffusion generative models, processing speeds are more than ten times faster than the third-generation technology, the restoration effect is more outstanding, and the stability is stronger. Second, it has jumped on the "fast track" of text-to-image large models, capable of generating 8K-level ultra-high-definition details, and can also perform personalized intelligent restoration based on user-inputted prompts. Third, it is highly adaptable and can easily cope with various scenarios and different types of image damage.
So, how does the large model perform its "restoration magic"?
The first step is to give the image a "thorough cleaning," removing "minor problems" such as shaking and blurring during image capture, and traces left by image compression. This is necessary to preserve the true information of the image and avoid other interference. Researchers designed a special deep learning encoder, allowing it to "ingest" flawed images and "output" flawless images; they also created hundreds of millions of "flaw-perfect" image pairs by artificially creating various image flaws to train this encoder. After multiple rounds of training, the encoder can skillfully master the skill of removing image flaws.
However, although the image is clean at this point, it looks relatively smooth and lacks natural details. So, the second step is to "add details" to the image. This is where the text-to-image large model comes in, which can generate natural images based on text descriptions. This step requires inputting two pieces of information: one is the image that has already been cleaned of flaws, and the other is a description of the image's content. At this time, the multi-modal large model comes into play, as it can "understand" the image content and output the corresponding text description, serving as a "creation guide" for the text-to-image large model. With the cooperation of these two large models, the image can be accurately understood and rich details can be generated.
Finally, the most crucial step is to train this model to become an "expert" in image restoration. This requires a method called "adversarial generative training": letting the text-to-image large model play the role of a "generator," responsible for generating the restored image; then selecting an image classification network as a "discriminator," specifically to judge whether the generated image is natural and realistic. The generation and discrimination steps are performed alternately, with both sides constantly improving their abilities—the generator makes the image more and more realistic, and the discriminator's judgment becomes more and more accurate, until the two reach a balance.
Image restoration technology has gradually integrated into fields such as mobile phone photography, television broadcasting, high-definition screen display, historical image restoration, and image processing in scientific research, becoming a practical technology closely related to life. It is expected that with the continuous advancement of technological iteration and innovation, this technology can better benefit society and allow more images from the past to regain their brilliance.
(The author is a researcher at the Digital Institute of the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院))
Return to TopOur Hangzhou dispatch (Reported by Dou Hanyang (窦瀚洋)) The National Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence of Zhejiang University (浙江大学) recently released a new generation of neuromorphic brain-like computer - Darwin Monkey (hereinafter referred to as "Wukong (悟空)"). This is a brain-like computer based on a dedicated neuromorphic chip, supporting a scale of over 2 billion spiking neurons and over 100 billion synapses, with a neuron count approaching the scale of a macaque monkey brain.
Brain-like computing applies the working mechanism of biological neural networks to the design of computer systems, building computing systems that are as low-power, highly parallel, highly efficient, and intelligent as the brain. According to reports, "Wukong (悟空)" is equipped with 960 Darwin 3rd generation brain-like computing chips developed by Zhejiang University (浙江大学) in conjunction with the Zhijiang Laboratory (之江实验室). A single chip supports over 2.35 million spiking neurons and hundreds of millions of synapses, and supports a dedicated instruction set for brain-like computing and a neuromorphic online learning mechanism. Based on the brain-like computing chip, "Wukong (悟空)" has achieved breakthroughs in key technologies such as large-scale neuron system interconnection and integrated architecture.
Return to TopThis report Hefei (合肥) electric (Reporter Xu Jing (徐靖)) Recently, the embodied intelligent robot "Ling Shu (凌枢)" debuted in Hefei City (合肥市), Anhui Province (安徽省). This is a humanoid robot with a "one-brain multi-mode" architecture, capable of cross-scene cluster operations, and was jointly released by Hefei YouiBot Intelligent Robot Co., Ltd. (合肥优艾智合智能机器人有限公司) and YouiBot-Xi'an Jiaotong University Embodied Intelligent Robot Research Institute (优艾智合—西安交大具身智能机器人研究院).
"Ling Shu (凌枢)" is approximately 1.66 meters tall, weighs 40 kilograms, and has 33 degrees of freedom in its joints, allowing it to walk steadily on terrains such as gravel roads and grasslands. Its cross-scene cluster operation capability benefits from the "one-brain multi-mode" embodied intelligent large model architecture. The so-called "one-brain multi-mode" takes a robot's intelligent brain as the core to realize multi-modal fusion perception, adaptive multi-arm collaborative operation, multi-form mobile control, and global logistics scheduling for various forms of robots.
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京) electric (Reporter Li Wen (李雯)) A study recently published in the American journal *Microbiology Spectrum* shows that a natural compound in maple syrup may help fight tooth decay, and it is expected to develop oral care products with more natural ingredients in the future.
Researchers at the University of Wyoming introduced that they found that Listeria, which causes food poisoning, can grow and form biofilms on most plants and wood, but not on maple trees. So they used maple sap and diluted maple syrup to isolate a compound that inhibits the attachment of Listeria - epigallocatechin gallate, and tested whether it would have a similar effect on Streptococcus mutans. Streptococcus mutans is the main pathogen of dental caries. It causes tooth decay by forming biofilms (dental plaque) on teeth and producing acids that destroy tooth enamel.
The researchers first tested their theory in a computer model, and then confirmed in experiments that epigallocatechin gallate can prevent Streptococcus mutans from forming biofilms on plastic teeth and simulated teeth, thereby inhibiting its damage to teeth.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 赵永新
Radiation therapy is one of the main methods for treating tumors, with 60%-70% of tumor patients needing to receive radiation therapy. However, existing radiation therapy methods can damage healthy cells to varying degrees while killing cancer cells. Is there a radiation therapy technology that can precisely kill cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy cells?
At the Xi'an Jiaotong University-Huzhou Neutron Science Laboratory (西安交通大学—湖州中子科学实验室) in Huzhou (湖州), Zhejiang Province (浙江省), laboratory director Wang Sheng (王盛) is leading a research team in dedicated research to explore a new radiation therapy technology with better efficacy and fewer side effects: Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT).
Wang Sheng (王盛) introduced that, unlike traditional radiation therapy methods, BNCT is a binary targeted therapy. The process roughly involves two steps: first, injecting non-toxic boron-10-containing targeted drugs into the patient's body. After entering the body, these boron drugs rapidly accumulate in cancer cells. Then, the patient's tumor site is irradiated with precise neutrons for about half an hour. After these neutrons are captured by boron-10, a nuclear reaction occurs, releasing α particles and lithium-7 particles, two types of high-energy particles with extremely short ranges, causing double-strand breaks in cancer cell DNA, thereby killing cancer cells.
"The 'blast' range of BNCT is less than 10 microns, smaller than the diameter of a single cancer cell, and hardly damages normal tissue, resulting in fewer side effects." Wang Sheng (王盛) used an analogy, saying that X-ray therapy is like "carpet bombing," requiring patients to be irradiated 25-30 times and causing significant side effects. Proton and heavy ion therapy are like "long-range ballistic missiles." BNCT is like "special forces," first pre-burying "explosives" and then using neutron irradiation to "remotely detonate" them, reducing costs and significantly improving safety and effectiveness.
It is reported that the concept of BNCT was proposed in the 1930s, and scientists subsequently began to explore its feasibility for treating tumors. "BNCT requires two prerequisites: developing boron compounds that are heavily absorbed by cancer cells and developing a neutron source that can stably produce high-flux neutron beams." Wang Sheng (王盛) said that in the 20th century, the strong neutron beams used for BNCT were mainly generated through nuclear reactors, which were difficult to apply in hospitals due to construction and maintenance challenges. In the 21st century, Japan took accelerator neutron source technology, which is safer and less expensive, as its entry point, developing accelerator technology and equipment for BNCT and successfully applying it to the treatment of various tumors such as head and neck tumors and malignant glioblastomas.
Wang Sheng's (王盛) team has successively broken through three major technologies: First, they developed a high-power, stable-operating accelerator neutron source system. Using a high-current proton radio frequency quadrupole accelerator technology route, it meets the requirements of BNCT for proton beams. Second, they developed second-generation boron-containing drugs. Self-developed efficient synthetic innovative processes not only improved the efficiency of boron drug research and development and reduced production costs but also significantly improved the quality and efficacy of boron drugs. Third, they independently developed a domestic BNCT treatment planning system (TPS). The system uses a self-developed domestic Monte Carlo particle transport program to calculate the neutron energy spectrum and dose distribution at different depths, enabling precise analysis and prediction of the patient's treatment progress and effects before BNCT.
"So far, we have successfully developed a full-process independent solution for BNCT accelerator neutron source - boron drug - TPS. This achievement marks that China's independent research and development capabilities and technical strength in the field of BNCT have entered the forefront of the world." Wang Sheng (王盛) said, "Currently, the type test of BNCT has been basically completed, and animal experiments are progressing smoothly. We plan to conduct clinical trials by the end of this year and strive to make BNCT technology available to domestic patients as soon as possible."
Return to TopAccording to a Xinhua News Agency (新华社) report from Wellington (惠灵顿) (Reporters: Long Lei (龙雷) and Li Huizi (李惠子)), New Zealand (新西兰) researchers recently reported in the British journal *Proceedings of the Royal Society B* that sleep deprivation can significantly alter the singing behavior of birds, reducing bird songs and simplifying melodies, while also changing pitch and duration. This is similar to the feeling of being listless after sleep deprivation in humans.
Researchers from the University of Auckland (奥克兰大学) and the University of Waikato (怀卡托大学) in New Zealand (新西兰) used the common urban-adapted bird, the common myna, as their research subject to analyze its singing behavior before and after sleep disturbance. The results showed that birds experienced varying degrees of change in their singing the next day after experiencing full-night or half-night sleep disturbances, with the full-night disturbance having the greatest impact. At the same time, daytime rest time also increased. This indicates that sleep deprivation has affected their daytime activities and physical recovery, leaving them feeling **无精打采** (wú jīng dǎ cǎi - "listless," lacking energy and enthusiasm).
Return to TopLayout Design: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶) Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)
Return to TopAugust 15, 2005, when Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, went to Anji (安吉) in Zhejiang (浙江) for research, he proposed the "Two Mountains" concept of "Green mountains and clear water are gold and silver mountains" ("绿水青山就是金山银山"). In the practice of the new era, this important concept has been elevated to an important part of the new development concept, highlighting the distinct characteristics of Chinese-style modernization, guiding the construction of a beautiful China to continuously take new steps, and providing valuable examples for global sustainable development.
Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) of Anji County (安吉县), Zhejiang (浙江), improved the process and carried out green production by "replacing plastic with bamboo"; Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) of Huangmei County (黄梅县), Hubei (湖北), led employees to do a good job in forest tending and ate ecological meals; Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) of Lishu County (梨树县), Jilin (吉林), took root in the black soil and promoted new technologies and new concepts... Guarding green to exchange for gold, adding green to increase gold, turning green into gold, and borrowing green to generate gold, one by one stories about the beautiful life of a beautiful China, confirming that the transformation channel of ecological advantages to development advantages is constantly widening. People will not let down the green mountains, and the green mountains will certainly not let down the people. Let us follow the reporter's lens and see the happy moments painted by various places and departments in the dialectical unity of exploring economic development and ecological protection, between green mountains and clear water.
——Editor
Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖), Head of a Bamboo Products Enterprise in Anji County (安吉县), Zhejiang (浙江)——
The Bamboo in the Mountains is Inexhaustible and Can Generate Gold
By Dou Hanyang (窦瀚洋), Reporter of This Newspaper
The mountains are verdant and the streams are gurgling. Anji County (安吉县), Zhejiang (浙江), has always been known as the "Bamboo Township." The county is "seven mountains, one water, and two fields," and the hillsides and foothills are full of bamboo forests. There are more than 100 "bamboo instead of plastic" production enterprises active here. In 2024, the annual output value of the county's bamboo industry exceeded 19 billion yuan.
In Zhejiang Fenghui Bamboo and Wood Products Co., Ltd. (浙江峰晖竹木制品有限公司), a batch of exquisite bamboo tableware is packed and ready to be shipped overseas. These environmentally friendly products made of natural bamboo are becoming a "new favorite" in the overseas market.
Outside the workshop, Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖), the general manager of the company and born in the 1980s, repeatedly confirmed the order and urged employees to follow up on logistics. "From branches to bamboo skin and bamboo shoots, we can make good use of ‘waste’ to make daily necessities." Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) introduced that 70% of the products are now sold to overseas markets such as Europe, the United States, and Japan, and the output value is expected to reach 160 million yuan this year.
Fenghui Bamboo and Wood (峰晖竹木), founded in 2005, initially only produced primary processed products such as bamboo poles and bamboo fences. In 2014, Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) took over the company from his father. He keenly observed that environmental protection standards were improving, costs were rising... and the transformation of the enterprise was imperative.
Aiming at green and low-carbon, Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) plans to deeply develop the potential of bamboo.
How many changes can bamboo have? Liang Fenghui's (梁峰晖) answer is "ever-changing." In order to do a good job in product research and development, he hired a design team to explore more consumer scenarios. Bamboo lamps, bamboo packaging, bamboo tableware... each series has thousands of different specifications of products. "A recent $1 million order from the United States also specifically designated traditional hand-woven craftsmanship," he said.
Picking up an ordinary straw, Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) said: "Don't underestimate it. This is a bamboo straw made by cutting, drawing, and polishing. It is not only anti-scalding and durable, but also avoids the problem of being easily softened when exposed to water, and has several patented technologies."
The product side is carefully studied, and the production side is equally exquisite. Walking into the workshop, one side of the equipment is roaring, and bamboo materials are made into different shapes; on the other side, the workers are skillfully flying, and a delicate bamboo basket can be woven in 3 minutes. With a pair of skillful hands to do part-time work, a worker can earn 3,000 yuan a month.
"We pay more attention to technological innovation, pay attention to green production, and improve the links with more carbon emissions in the production process." Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) said that the company invests four to five million yuan every year to update automated equipment, focusing on improving high-carbon emission processes, and the utilization rate of bamboo materials has increased by at least 20%.
Even the remaining moso bamboo scraps will not be wasted and will be transported to other enterprises. "Like these bamboo powders, combined with resin and other materials, and then processed through winding processes, can be made into degradable bamboo film bags," Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) said.
In the company's exhibition hall, you can see various forms of bamboo products: bamboo lamps hanging from the ceiling, bamboo chopsticks, bamboo spoons, and bamboo mats on the table, as well as various bamboo woven gift boxes and baskets, which are dazzling. A simple bamboo zongzi gift box only needs 0.2 square meters of bamboo mat material and sells for 18 yuan, with annual sales of 500,000 sets.
"The bamboo in the mountains is inexhaustible and can generate gold. The county is currently exploring a carbon footprint monitoring program, and we need to further improve production processes and links." Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) said that it is necessary to seize the opportunity of "replacing plastic with bamboo" and do a good job in the "green" article.
Wang Hao (王浩), Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering——
Major Rivers are a Big Stage for Doing Scholarship
By Wang Hao (王浩), Reporter of This Newspaper
Beijing (北京), the water in the Yongding River (永定河) diversion canal flows quietly. The office of Wang Hao (王浩), Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and Honorary Director of the Institute of Water Resources of the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (中国水利水电科学研究院), is near the canal.
"In December 1977, after I took the college entrance examination, my first choice was the Department of Hydraulic Engineering of Tsinghua University (清华大学), and after graduation, I came to the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (中国水科院)." Wang Hao (王浩) said that from the Yangtze River (长江) and Yellow River (黄河) to irrigation canals and pipe networks, he has been dealing with water for more than 40 years.
The Yangtze River (长江) is surging, and the Three Gorges (三峡) are majestic. Doing a good job in the ecological regulation of super-large reservoirs is a world-class problem.
The ecological regulation test monitoring and evaluation of the Three Gorges Reservoir (三峡水库) to promote the natural reproduction of fish spawning in 2025 was recently announced, and the amount of fish spawning in the Shashi (沙市) section of the Yangtze River (长江) and the amount of fish fry in the Jianli (监利) section reached new highs. Behind this, is inseparable from the tireless exploration of Wang Hao (王浩) and his team.
The dam is towering, and between the barriers, what is considered is the coordination of economic development and ecological protection, and what is explored is the optimal solution for flood control, power generation, shipping, and ecological benefits.
The habits of fish vary greatly. Some like to forge ahead in rapids, some like to flow in still water, and some have to migrate to spawn. How to "customize" reservoir ecological regulation? Wang Hao (王浩) led the team to constantly tackle key problems, simulate water volume and speed, observe fish growth... On the basis of a large number of experiments, he figured out the suitable living environment for more than 50 representative fish in the Yangtze River Basin (长江流域). "According to the spawning time of fish, targeted grouping scheduling is carried out," Wang Hao (王浩) said.
Step by step, try a little bit. In practical applications, small changes in rainfall and temperature will have a significant impact on flow and water level control parameters and ecological regulation timing. "Ecological regulation can be done with enough ‘embroidery skills’ to provide suitable ‘micro-ecology’ for different fish," Wang Hao (王浩) said. Realize accurate forecasting of 100-meter-level meteorology, 10-meter-level hydrology, and meter-level aquatic organism living environment; innovate precise simulation of fish migration and fish egg drift trajectory and hourly continuous water rise process regulation technology; develop "unit-gate" multi-unit collaborative real-time regulation technology and equipment... A series of innovative achievements aimed at the refined ecological regulation of super-large reservoirs have been applied to the Yellow River (黄河), Pearl River (珠江), Lancang River (澜沧江) and other basins.
In addition to finding the optimal ecological solution, Wang Hao (王浩) is also proud of participating in the weaving of the national water network. Major water conservancy projects such as the South-to-North Water Diversion (南水北调) and the Hanjiang-to-Weihe River Diversion (引汉济渭) have left his footprints.
In the 1990s, when the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (南水北调工程) was being demonstrated and planned, in order to scientifically and accurately determine the project scale and water diversion volume, Wang Hao (王浩) and his team entered farmland and factories, and traveled around to investigate the water resources of relevant areas, and proposed a 9.5 billion cubic meter water diversion plan for the middle route project. After this data was recognized by all parties, it was put into practice.
How to safely, accurately, and sustainably divert water from the south to the north? The prediction and forecasting, planning and scheduling, and hydraulic control models developed by Wang Hao (王浩) and his team support the routine and emergency scheduling management of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (南水北调工程). "The bigger the project, the better the details must be done, which requires a lot of basic research and investigation and research," Wang Hao (王浩) said.
Walking across the north and south of the Yangtze River (长江), Wang Hao (王浩) deeply felt the changes in the mountains and forests brought about by the changes in water. The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) has changed from yellow to green, the biodiversity of aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River (长江) has continued to recover, and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (京杭大运河) has been fully connected for four consecutive years... "Major rivers are a big stage for doing scholarship," Wang Hao (王浩) said.
Xu Tianzhi (徐天治), Director of Wuzusi Forest Farm (五祖寺林场) in Huangmei County (黄梅县), Hubei (湖北)——
The Trees on the Hillside are Real Treasures
By Wu Jun (吴君), Reporter of This Newspaper
The summer heat is steaming. Walking into the state-owned Wuzusi Scenic Tourism Forest Farm (五祖寺风景旅游林场) in Huangmei County (黄梅县), Hubei (湖北), the breeze is blowing and the green shadows are whirling, and you suddenly feel cool. The seedling bases in pieces cannot be seen at a glance. In the nursery, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治), the director of the forest farm, is wearing dark green overalls, walking one step and stopping one step, carefully observing the growth of the seedlings.
"These are Schima superba seedlings, planted last spring, and can grow 30 centimeters in a year. They can be transplanted to the mountains this year." Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) said that Schima superba is difficult to burn and fire-resistant, and is mainly used to build firebreaks. It has the largest planting area and the best sales in the forest farm, and more than 100,000 plants have been sold this year.
Purchasing seeds, raising seedlings, and transplanting, the nursery area of Wuzusi Forest Farm (五祖寺林场) reaches 1,600 mu, and the market value of landed seedlings is more than 50 million yuan. Standing in this lush greenery, who would have thought that this forest farm was once barren and difficult to operate.
"At that time, young employees went out to work one after another, leaving only the older employees struggling to guard it." Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) recalled that Wuzusi Forest Farm (五祖寺林场) was established in 1954. By the 1990s, the big trees had basically been cut down. In 2008, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治), who was already the deputy director of the forest farm, also resigned to do business because he could not pay his salary.
When Xu Tianzhi's (徐天治) business was booming, the relevant person in charge of the Forestry Bureau came to his door and invited him to be the director of the forest farm. This burden was not easy, and at first, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) refused. One day, he saw the old employees of the forest farm selling flowers and trees in the wind and rain to make a living, and then he made up his mind.
As soon as he took office in 2012, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) took the employees of the forest farm to Saihanba (塞罕坝) in Hebei (河北) and other places to study. After returning, he proposed a "market + ecology" development idea. In order to increase income, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) ran to many seedling markets in various places. "In Feixi County (肥西县), Anhui (安徽), I found that a cup of red leaf stone nan seedlings costs 0.3 yuan, and after planting for two or three years, it can be sold for more than 8 yuan." Seizing the business opportunity, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) purchased 150,000 cups of seedlings and planted them. This attempt made the forest farm earn more than one million yuan at once. After tasting the sweetness, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) vigorously developed a seedling demonstration base.
At the same time, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) and the employees of the forest farm carried out barren mountain replanting and forest tending together. Over the years, the forest farm's mountain forest management area has expanded from more than 8,000 mu before 2012 to more than 80,000 mu. The forest farm, which once had a fragile ecosystem, has now become a forest of multiple tree species, multi-layered and different ages.
The forest farm was re-greened, and Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) seized the opportunity to establish a forest tourism service company, built homestays and farmhouses in the Wangjiang Forest Area (望江林区) of Liulin Township (柳林乡), Huangmei County (黄梅县), and created a forest health base.
Walking on the forest trail of the health base, the air with the fragrance of grass and trees comes to your face. "These trees on the hillside and the fresh air are real treasures." Looking at the layers of green in front of him, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) said, "We must not only guard this green, but also make good use of this green."
In 2024, the total assets of the forest farm reached 310 million yuan, and the annual comprehensive income has reached 20 million yuan for five consecutive years. "This year we also want to expand another 500 mu of modern nursery, and use intelligent equipment to manage seedlings." Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) has even bigger dreams.
Han Fengxiang (韩凤香), Chairman of an Agricultural Cooperative in Lishu County (梨树县), Jilin (吉林)——
The Road to Black Soil Protection is on the Right Track
By Zheng Zhiwen (郑智文), Reporter of This Newspaper
At 4:30, the morning light洒向 (sǎ xiàng - "shines on," to shine or sprinkle) the vast black soil of Lishu County (梨树县), Jilin (吉林). Accompanied by the cool morning breeze, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) and members of the cooperative came to the cornfield and began a busy day.
Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) is the chairman of the Fenghuangshan Agricultural Machinery Farmers Professional Cooperative (凤凰山农机农民专业合作社) in Lishu County (梨树县). This year is the fifteenth year since she returned to her hometown to establish the cooperative. "After graduating from university, I first worked in the city. When I returned to my hometown, I found that the agricultural management model in the village was traditional and the farming methods were scattered. At the same time, some villages had promoted large-scale mechanized production and applied new technologies. I was very anxious." Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) said.
After repeated consideration, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) decided to return to her hometown to start a business and establish a cooperative. In the initial stage, the cooperative had only 5 members and transferred more than 700 mu of land. Starting from the implementation of mechanized operations, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) raised funds to purchase large and medium-sized agricultural machinery, and led the team to achieve increased production and income by unifying seed supply, fertilization, sowing, plant protection, harvesting, and sales. Today, the scale of the cooperative is getting larger and larger, the number of members has reached 158, and the intensive management of land is 15,000 mu.
The operation of the cooperative has also faced many problems, such as the degradation of soil fertility. "At the beginning, the soil was very hard, and the difference from the soft black soil in my imagination was not small. Large agricultural machinery had to be fully powered to plow the land," Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) recalled.
For a period of time, due to long-term high-intensity utilization and "heavy use and light maintenance" farming methods, untimely protection, and unreasonable cultivation, some fertile black soil in Northeast China (东北地区) has become "thinner, harder, and leaner," and problems such as soil erosion, soil compaction, and organic matter decline have appeared, directly affecting food security.
To diagnose and find prescriptions for black soil, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) went to agricultural schools and invited experts. At that time, the conservation tillage being practiced in Lishu County (梨树县) attracted her. "Cover the surface with straw, no-tillage and less tillage." Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) introduced that reducing the disturbance to the soil, improving the soil structure, increasing soil fertility and water retention capacity, so as to achieve the effect of reducing chemical fertilizers, saving labor, and ensuring yield.
With the prescription, it is not easy to use. "If the straw is left in the ground, will it affect the emergence of seedlings?" "The benefits are hard to say, why do we have to match agricultural machinery?" Most of the cooperative members are "old hands" who have been planting land for a lifetime, and there are constant doubts.
In order to dispel concerns, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) invited agricultural technicians to give lectures, introduced agricultural materials and agricultural machinery, planted "demonstration fields," and gave everyone a "sample." The corn seedlings grown in the "demonstration field" were stronger, and when the yield was measured in autumn, the yield was 30% higher than that of traditional planting.
"After several years of conservation tillage, the soil has become soft and re-oiled, and earthworms can be seen when digging the soil! According to calculations, the organic matter content has increased by 13%." Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) firmly believes that the road to black soil protection is on the right track.
In recent years, Lishu County (梨树县) has actively explored the construction of modern agricultural production units, implemented moderate-scale land management, and took a certain scale of land as a unit to promote large-scale agricultural machinery and unified standard planting and management. "Compared with the traditional model, the yield per unit of modern agricultural production has increased by about 8%, and the cost per mu has been saved by about 80 yuan." Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) introduced that in 2024, the total grain output of the cooperative reached more than 22 million jin, driving the per capita annual income of farmers to increase by more than 50,000 yuan.
**向下扎根，才能向上生长** (xiàng xià zhā gēn, cái néng xiàng shàng shēng zhǎng - "root downwards, then grow upwards," to build a solid foundation for future success). Protecting the land, planting good fields, and producing more grain, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) is full of energy towards the direction of modern large-scale agriculture.
Kong Hainan (孔海南), Professor of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学)——
Return a Better Ecology to Erhai Lake (洱海)
By Jiang Hongbing (姜泓冰), Reporter of This Newspaper
"My name has the word ‘sea’ in it, and I have been dealing with water for most of my life. I don't regret linking my life plan with the tomorrow of the motherland, the development of the nation, and the needs of society!" Kong Hainan (孔海南), the head of the Erhai Lake (洱海) project of the National Science and Technology Major Project for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项) and a chair professor of the School of Environmental Science and Engineering of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学), with a head of white hair, said this when he was having a discussion with young teachers and students.
Kong Hainan (孔海南) is one of the first scholars to enter the field of environmental research after the reform and opening up. He has been engaged in the research of lake and river treatment technology for a long time and is a senior expert in the field of eutrophication research and treatment of international lakes. A stable and smooth work and life trajectory has changed because of the concern for a "sea."
In 1996, Kong Hainan (孔海南), as an expert from UNESCO, first went to Erhai Lake (洱海) in Yunnan (云南) for investigation. When the boat reached the center of the lake, he saw a large area of submerged plant communities growing from the bottom of the lake to the surface, with an "underwater forest" stretching for more than ten square kilometers. Later, with the erosion of pollution and eutrophication in the basin, Erhai Lake, which was once crystal clear, experienced large-scale cyanobacteria blooms, and the water quality dropped from Class II to local Class IV according to the national surface water standards.
Seeing Erhai Lake become turbid and discolored, Kong Hainan (孔海南) was deeply worried and determined to return to China. "It is only meaningful to solve problems with knowledge, technology, and experience," he said. Kong Hainan (孔海南) and other experts traveled around for research and suggested establishing a national major science and technology project on water. At the end of 2006, the National Science and Technology Major Project for Water Pollution Control and Treatment was approved and launched. Kong Hainan (孔海南) became the chief scientist of the Erhai (洱海) project, leading a team of experts from dozens of scientific research institutions to jointly investigate the sources of pollution, formulate scientific treatment plans, and implement them together with relevant ministries, commissions, and local governments.
That year, Kong Hainan (孔海南) was 56 years old and suffered from atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and other diseases. In the following 10 years, he spent less than a month each year at his home in Shanghai (上海), and lived in a farmhouse near Erhai Lake (洱海) for a long time, traveling all over the villages and rivers around Erhai Lake (洱海).
The difficulty in lake pollution control lies in the need to achieve comprehensive coordination of the entire basin, and all rivers entering the lake must be intercepted and purified. Kong Hainan (孔海南) led his team to first conduct a treatment demonstration in the Luoshi River (罗时江), integrating various technologies to transform the embankments and riverbeds, and restore wetlands. After two or three years, the river water became clear.
From pilot projects to full-scale implementation, after more than 10 years of unremitting efforts and tackling key problems, Erhai Lake (洱海), which had been over-exploited, gradually regained its former glory. The Dali carp (大理鲤鱼) and *Hainanensis*, which had disappeared for many years, reappeared. In recent years, the artificial cultivation area of *Hainanensis* has become popular to 3,000 mu, becoming a "wealth-generating vegetable" for farmers in Eryuan County (洱源县), Yunnan (云南).
Today, Kong Hainan (孔海南), who is over 70 years old, still lives by Erhai Lake (洱海). "Water pollution control is a difficult and arduous project," he said, adding that it will still take 30 to 40 years of continuous efforts to properly manage the entire Erhai Lake (洱海). The faculty and students of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学) collect field samples, analyze water quality indicators, and conduct scientific research in Erhai Lake (洱海) all year round, continuing to contribute to the ecological protection and sustainable development of Erhai Lake (洱海).
Lin Zhanxi (林占熺), Inventor of Juncao Technology:
Every New Place to Plant Juncao is a Challenge
By Shi Yu (施钰), Reporter of This Newspaper
At the end of July, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺), chief scientist of the National Engineering Research Center of Juncao Technology (国家菌草工程技术研究中心) and inventor of Juncao technology, once again led his team to Minning Town (闽宁镇), Yongning County (永宁县), Yinchuan City (银川市), Ningxia (宁夏).
"The mushroom farmers who used to grow mushrooms with me wrote me a letter, talking about the new changes in their lives. This time, I went to see them and discuss with them how to make Juncao better serve the development of rural industries and ecological governance." Speaking of Minning Town (闽宁镇), Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) couldn't help but pull out photos from his mobile phone album. In the photos, he was walking in the Juncao fields of Minning Town (闽宁镇). The green Juncao grew taller than people. "These have only grown for 66 days! Now many mushroom farmers are planting Juncao in desert areas, which can not only prevent wind and fix sand, but also be harvested and turned into livestock feed."
Since inventing Juncao technology in 1986, using grass instead of wood to cultivate edible fungi, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) has been exploring the development of emerging Juncao industries and new paths for Juncao ecological governance, while continuously selecting new grass varieties. In 1987, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) began Juncao planting experiments in Liancheng County (连城县), Changting County (长汀县), and Youxi County (尤溪县) in Sanming City (三明市), Fujian Province (福建省), where soil erosion was more severe.
"The idea of using Juncao for ecological governance developed in step-by-step experiments." After accumulating planting experience in Fujian (福建), Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) tried to introduce Juncao to the western region. In April 1997, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) investigated 15 counties in the four provinces of Ningxia (宁夏), Shaanxi (陕西), Gansu (甘肃), and Qinghai (青海). "That was the first time I saw flying sand and rocks, and stones the size of thumbs rolling on the road. I realized that the grass varieties in Fujian (福建) were not suitable for these places." After returning, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) set new goals for selecting grass varieties.
Deserts, saline-alkali land, sandstone, and the Yellow River (黄河) coastline with soil erosion... Every new place to plant Juncao is a challenge.
In April 2013, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) led his team to the eastern edge of the Ulan Buh Desert (乌兰布和沙漠) along the Yellow River (黄河) in Alxa League (阿拉善盟), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区), and began Juncao desertification control experiments. In the Ulan Buh Desert (乌兰布和沙漠), the grass seeds were sown in the morning, and the seeds disappeared with a strong wind in the evening. Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) was not discouraged by the repeated failures, and encouraged the team to persist in experiments and adjust the plan according to the local climate conditions. Now, they have successfully planted tens of thousands of mu of Juncao in the desert.
In the Ulan Buh Desert (乌兰布和沙漠), there is a 5.7-kilometer-long section where the Yellow River (黄河) "shakes hands" with the desert, which is one of the most severely flowing sand areas in the Inner Mongolia (内蒙古) section of the Yellow River (黄河). Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) introduced that in 2022, he led his team to establish a Juncao ecological governance demonstration base here, using Juncao to block sand, fix sand, and protect the coastline.
Juncao can fix mobile sand land 80 days after planting. On the滩地 of the Yellow River (黄河) bank, a clump of giant Juncao grows for 150 days, and the root system can even reach 575 cm in length, which can effectively fix sand; within 1 to 2 years, an ecological buffer zone of "grass-shrub-tree" natural restoration can be formed, reducing 90.9% of the sediment entering the Yellow River (黄河). In addition, the fresh grass yield of Juncao on wasteland can reach about 3 times the yield of silage corn planted on local cultivated land, and it can be widely used in mushroom materials, feed, and biomass materials.
Today, Lin Zhanxi's (林占熺) team has selected Juncao varieties such as giant Juncao and "Oasis No. 1" that can be planted from the upper reaches of the Yellow River (黄河) to the estuary, and created demonstration bases for Juncao ecological governance and emerging Juncao industry development in different types of ecologically fragile areas in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River (黄河).
"When I first promoted Juncao technology, I was like a mountaineer, and every step had to be solid. Now it's like rolling a stone uphill, and every step forward is also very difficult." Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) said that at present, he is thinking about how to select perennial high-quality Juncao varieties to better serve ecological industrialization and industrial ecology.
Lu Qi (卢琦), Dean of the Three-North Shelterbelt Program Research Institute:
In Desertification Prevention and Control, We Must Also Cultivate and Use Sand Well
By Dong Siyu (董丝雨), Reporter of This Newspaper
Changliushui Village (长流水村), Shapotou District (沙坡头区), Zhongwei City (中卫市), Ningxia (宁夏), on the rolling sand dunes, millions of grass squares extend into the distance. The grass seeds sown not long ago have sprouted new buds, and the golden desert is surging with green.
"Zhongwei (中卫), Ningxia (宁夏), was the first place I 'went on a business trip' after graduating with a doctorate. Here, I saw the vast desert for the first time, and witnessed the 'Chinese Rubik's Cube' wheat straw checkerboards explored by the older generation of desertification control people, ensuring the smooth passage of the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway (包兰铁路)." Said Lu Qi (卢琦), chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry (中国林业科学研究院) and dean of the Three-North Shelterbelt Program Research Institute (三北工程研究院). Today, the Tengger Desert (腾格里沙漠) lock-up within Ningxia (宁夏) has been fully completed, effectively curbing desert expansion and reducing the source of sand and dust storms.
The Horqin Sandy Land (科尔沁沙地) is reappearing the past sparse grassland scenery, the Yellow River (黄河) "几字弯" ("Jizi Bend") shows a beautiful picture of "golden sand, blue sea, and oasis," and the Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) wears a "green scarf"... Since the "Three-North" project battle was launched in 2023, a total of 415 projects have been implemented, completing 164 million mu of construction tasks, with remarkable results.
This achievement of "green advances and sand retreats" is written by generations of desertification prevention and control people, and Lu Qi (卢琦) is one of them. In December last year, Lu Qi (卢琦) won the "Science and Innovation Award" of the United Nations Environment Programme's "Earth Champion Award" for his contribution to helping China reverse land degradation trends and reduce desertification areas in the field of scientific policy intersection, becoming the first Chinese to win the award in this category.
To control desertification, we must first understand the "family property." In September 2007, Lu Qi (卢琦) and his team marched into the Kumtag Desert (库姆塔格沙漠) at the junction of Xinjiang (新疆) and Gansu (甘肃). This was the only desert among the eight major deserts in China that had not been systematically and comprehensively scientifically investigated. "This investigation revealed the mystery of China's only 'feather-shaped sand dunes,' and established standard meteorological stations in the north and south of the desert, respectively, and obtained first-hand data on climate, landforms, hydrology, etc. for the first time, accumulating more experience for desertification control, sand protection, and sand cultivation," said Lu Qi (卢琦).
Scientific and technological power runs through the entire process of desertification prevention and control, driving the innovation of governance concepts, the innovation of governance technologies, and the leap in governance effectiveness.
In July 2023, the Three-North Shelterbelt Program Research Institute (三北工程研究院) was established. As the first dean, Lu Qi (卢琦) formed a scientific research team. "We also innovated the form of scientific and technological services. The Chinese Academy of Forestry (中国林科院) formed 15 scientific and technological special teams to go to the fields, squatting in villages to carry out demonstration applications of scientific and technological achievements. Let science and technology be pre-positioned and built-in, and exert force throughout the entire process," said Lu Qi (卢琦).
Desertification prevention and control does not mean eliminating the desert, but also cultivating and using sand well. "As a unique ecosystem, the desert has irreplaceable ecological functions." Lu Qi (卢琦) said that it is necessary to give priority to protecting natural and native deserts, actively manage desertified land caused by over-exploitation or man-made damage, and respect nature, adapt to nature, and plant forests where suitable, plant grass where suitable, and leave wasteland where suitable. At the same time, it is also necessary to moderately utilize and actively develop the sand industry, turning "sand harm" into "sand benefit."
China's wisdom and solutions for desertification control are also going to the world and benefiting mankind. Desertification prevention and control technologies with Chinese characteristics have been promoted and applied in more than 40 countries and regions in Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia, contributing to the realization of the global goal of zero land degradation.
Return to TopBy: 吴 燕
There is a kind of healing that is the blue of the sky, and a kind of happiness that is going to a place with wind. We like to share the small beauties in our lives on social media. This beauty is the most vivid presentation of a beautiful China.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, historic, transformative, and comprehensive changes have taken place in the construction of ecological civilization from theory to practice. Significant strides have been made in building a beautiful China, and the vast landscape is even more colorful. The mountains are greener, with the towering Qinling Mountains (秦岭) churning with clouds and the Loess Plateau (黄土高原) turning from yellow to green; the waters are greener, with the rolling Yangtze River (长江) clear and its banks green, adhering to "jointly protecting the environment and refraining from large-scale development"; the forests are denser, with the vast forests of the Greater Khingan Mountains (大兴安岭) saying, "not cutting down a single tree can still lead to prosperity"; the fields are more fertile, with the Yellow River (黄河)滩 area awakening the dormant saline-alkali land, and barren land reversing into new granaries; the lakes are more beautiful, with the clear waters of Yundang Lake (筼筜湖) in Xiamen (厦门), Fujian (福建) reappearing, and egrets flapping their wings and returning; the grass is greener, with pastoral songs echoing and cattle and sheep thriving under the Qilian Mountains (祁连山); and the sand is cleaner, with the green spreading in the Mu Us Desert (毛乌素沙地), and the sand dunes bowing their heads and stopping.
In the past, the choice between green mountains and clear waters and gold and silver mountains was a question before us. Starting from a state of poverty and backwardness, we completed the industrialization process that developed countries took hundreds of years to complete in just a few decades. Highly condensed modernization created an economic miracle, but also accumulated a large number of ecological and environmental problems. Whether to choose gold and silver mountains or green mountains and clear waters once became a difficult dilemma.
Today, "green mountains and clear waters are gold and silver mountains" is a fusion question we are answering. A change in thinking broadens the horizon. Green mountains and clear waters are not only natural wealth, but also social and economic wealth. High-level protection is constantly shaping new drivers and advantages for development. The increasingly high "green" content of economic development effectively enhances the "gold" content of growth.
Green mountains are beauty, and blue skies are happiness. This kind of change is not only related to the quality of economic development, but also to the quality of life of everyone. The "happiness index" of people's lives and the "ecological beauty" of green mountains and clear waters are rising together.
The harmonious coexistence of man and nature is a distinct feature of Chinese-style modernization. When green production methods are widely promoted and green lifestyles gradually become fashionable, a beautiful China that people yearn for will bring us a more brilliant and beautiful life.
Return to TopOverall planning for this issue: Chen Juan (陈娟), Wu Yan (吴燕)
Integrated Media Creation: Zhang Feiran (章斐然), Li Nanhua (李楠桦)
Layout Design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
Return to TopAugust 15, 2005, when Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, went to Anji (安吉) in Zhejiang (浙江) for research, he proposed the "Two Mountains" theory of "Green mountains and clear water are gold and silver mountains." In the practice of the new era, this important concept has been elevated to an important part of the new development concept, demonstrating the distinct characteristics of Chinese-style modernization, guiding the construction of a beautiful China to continuously take new steps, and providing valuable examples for global sustainable development.
Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) of Anji County (安吉县), Zhejiang (浙江), improved the process and carried out green production "replacing plastic with bamboo"; Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) of Huangmei County (黄梅县), Hubei (湖北), led employees to do a good job in forest tending and eat an ecological meal; Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) of Lishu County (梨树县), Jilin (吉林), took root in the black soil and promoted new technologies and new ideas... Guarding the green to exchange for gold, adding green to increase gold, turning green into gold, and borrowing green to generate gold, one by one, stories about the beautiful life of a beautiful China, confirming that the transformation channel of ecological advantages to development advantages is constantly widening. People will not let down the green mountains, and the green mountains will certainly not let down the people. Let us follow the reporter's lens and see the happy moments painted by various regions and departments in the dialectical unity of exploring economic development and ecological protection, among the green mountains and clear waters.
——Editor
Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖), Head of a Bamboo Products Enterprise in Anji County (安吉县), Zhejiang (浙江)——
The bamboo in the mountains is inexhaustible and can generate gold.
By Dou Hanyang (窦瀚洋), reporter of this newspaper
The mountains are verdant and the streams are gurgling. Anji County (安吉县), Zhejiang (浙江), has always been known as the "Bamboo Township." The county is "seven mountains, one water, and two parts farmland," and the slopes and foothills are full of bamboo forests. More than 100 "bamboo-for-plastic" production enterprises are active here, and the annual output value of the county's bamboo industry exceeded 19 billion yuan in 2024.
In Zhejiang Fenghui Bamboo and Wood Products Co., Ltd. (浙江峰晖竹木制品有限公司), a batch of exquisite bamboo tableware is packed and ready to be shipped overseas. These environmentally friendly products made of natural bamboo are becoming a "new favorite" in the overseas market.
Outside the workshop, Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖), the general manager of the company and born in the 1980s, repeatedly confirmed the order and urged employees to follow up on logistics. "From branches to bamboo skin and bamboo shoots, we can make good use of 'waste' to make daily necessities." Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) introduced that 70% of the products are now sold to overseas markets such as Europe, the United States, and Japan, and the output value is expected to reach 160 million yuan this year.
Fenghui Bamboo and Wood (峰晖竹木), founded in 2005, initially only produced primary processed products such as bamboo poles and bamboo fences. In 2014, Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) took over the company from his father. He keenly observed that environmental standards were improving, costs were rising... and corporate transformation was imperative.
Aiming at green and low-carbon, Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) plans to deeply develop the potential of bamboo.
How many changes can bamboo make? Liang Fenghui's (梁峰晖) answer is "ever-changing." In order to do a good job in product research and development, he recruited a design team to explore more consumer scenarios. Bamboo lamps, bamboo packaging, bamboo tableware... each series has thousands of products of different specifications. "A recent order of 1 million US dollars from the United States also specifically specified traditional hand-woven craftsmanship," he said.
Picking up an ordinary straw, Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) said: "Don't underestimate it. This is a bamboo straw made by cutting, drawing, and polishing. It is not only anti-scalding and durable, but also avoids the problem of being easily softened when exposed to water. It has several patented technologies."
The product side is carefully studied, and the production side is equally exquisite. Walking into the workshop, one side of the equipment is roaring, and bamboo materials are made into different shapes; on the other side, the workers are skillfully flying, and a delicate bamboo basket can be woven in 3 minutes. With a pair of skillful hands as a part-time job, a worker can earn 3,000 yuan a month.
"We pay more attention to technological innovation, pay attention to green production, and improve the links with more carbon emissions in the production process." Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) said that the company invests four to five million yuan every year to update automated equipment, focusing on improving high-carbon emission processes, and the utilization rate of bamboo materials has increased by at least 20%.
Even the remaining raw bamboo scraps will not be wasted and will be transported to other enterprises. "Like these bamboo powders, combined with resin and other materials, and then processed through winding processes, can be made into degradable bamboo film bags," Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) said.
In the company's exhibition hall, you can see various shapes of bamboo products: bamboo lamps hanging from the ceiling, bamboo chopsticks, bamboo spoons, and bamboo mats on the table, as well as various bamboo woven gift boxes and baskets, which are dazzling. A simple bamboo zongzi gift box only needs 0.2 square meters of bamboo mat material and sells for 18 yuan, with annual sales of 500,000 sets.
"The bamboo in the mountains is inexhaustible and can generate gold. The county is currently exploring a carbon footprint monitoring program, and we need to further improve production processes and links." Liang Fenghui (梁峰晖) said that we must seize the opportunity of "replacing plastic with bamboo" and do a good job in the "green" article.
Wang Hao (王浩), Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering——
Major rivers and rivers are a big stage for doing academic work.
By Wang Hao (王浩), reporter of this newspaper
Beijing (北京), the water in the Yongding River (永定河) diversion canal flows quietly, and the office of Wang Hao (王浩), academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and honorary director of the Institute of Water Resources of the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (中国水利水电科学研究院), is near the canal.
"In December 1977, after I took the college entrance examination, my first choice was the Department of Hydraulic Engineering of Tsinghua University (清华大学), and after graduation, I came to the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (中国水科院)." Wang Hao (王浩) said that he has been dealing with water for more than 40 years, from the Yangtze River (长江) and the Yellow River (黄河) to irrigation canals and pipe networks.
The Yangtze River (长江) is surging, and the Three Gorges (三峡) are majestic. Doing a good job in the ecological regulation of super-large reservoirs is a world-class problem.
The ecological regulation test monitoring and evaluation of the Three Gorges Reservoir (三峡水库) to promote natural reproduction of fish spawning in 2025 was recently announced, and the amount of fish spawning in the Shashi (沙市) section of the Yangtze River (长江) and the amount of fish fry in the Jianli (监利) section have reached new highs. Behind this is the tireless exploration of Wang Hao (王浩) and his team.
The dam is towering, and between the barriers, what is considered is the coordination of economic development and ecological protection, and what is explored is the optimal solution for flood control, power generation, shipping, and ecological benefits.
The habits of fish vary greatly. Some like to forge ahead in rapids, some like to flow in still water, and some have to migrate to spawn. How can the ecological regulation of reservoirs be "customized"? Wang Hao (王浩) led the team to continuously tackle key problems, simulate water volume and velocity, observe fish growth... On the basis of a large number of experiments, he figured out the suitable living environment for more than 50 representative fish species in the Yangtze River Basin (长江流域). "According to the spawning time of fish, targeted grouping scheduling is carried out," Wang Hao (王浩) said.
Step by step, try a little bit. In practical applications, small changes in rainfall, temperature, etc. will have a significant impact on flow and water level control parameters and ecological regulation timing. "Ecological regulation can be done with 'embroidery skills' to provide suitable 'micro-ecology' for different fish species," Wang Hao (王浩) said. Realize accurate forecasting of 100-meter-level meteorology, 10-meter-level hydrology, and meter-level aquatic organism survival environment; innovate precise simulation of fish migration and fish egg drift trajectories and hourly continuous water rise process regulation technology; develop "unit-gate" multi-unit collaborative real-time regulation technology and equipment... A series of innovative achievements aimed at refined ecological regulation of super-large reservoirs have been applied to the Yellow River (黄河), the Pearl River (珠江), the Lancang River (澜沧江) and other basins.
In addition to finding the optimal ecological solution, Wang Hao (王浩) is also proud of participating in the weaving of the national water network. Major water conservancy projects such as the South-to-North Water Diversion (南水北调) and the Hanjiang-to-Wei River Diversion (引汉济渭) have left his footprints.
In the 1990s, during the demonstration and planning of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (南水北调工程), in order to scientifically and accurately determine the project scale and water diversion volume, Wang Hao (王浩) and his team entered farmland and factories, traveled around to investigate the water resources of relevant areas, and proposed a 9.5 billion cubic meter water diversion plan for the middle route project. After this data was recognized by all parties, it was put into practice.
How to safely, accurately, and sustainably divert water from the south to the north? The prediction, forecasting, planning, scheduling, and hydraulic control models developed by Wang Hao (王浩) and his team support the routine and emergency scheduling management of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (南水北调工程). "The bigger the project, the better the details must be done, which requires a lot of basic research and investigation and research," Wang Hao (王浩) said.
Walking across the north and south of the Yangtze River (长江), Wang Hao (王浩) deeply felt the changes in the mountains and forests brought about by the changes in water. The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) has changed from yellow to green, the biodiversity of aquatic organisms in the Yangtze River (长江) has continued to recover, and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (京杭大运河) has been fully connected for four consecutive years... "Major rivers and rivers are a big stage for doing academic work," Wang Hao (王浩) said.
Xu Tianzhi (徐天治), Director of Wuzusi (五祖寺) Forest Farm in Huangmei County (黄梅县), Hubei (湖北)——
The trees on the hillside are real treasures.
By Wu Jun (吴君), reporter of this newspaper
The summer heat is steaming. Walking into the state-owned Wuzusi (五祖寺) Scenic Tourism Forest Farm in Huangmei County (黄梅县), Hubei (湖北), the breeze is blowing and the green shadows are whirling, and you suddenly feel cool. The contiguous seedling bases are endless at a glance. In the nursery, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治), the director of the forest farm, is wearing dark green overalls, walking one step and stopping one step, carefully observing the growth of the seedlings.
"These are Schima superba seedlings, planted last spring, they can grow 30 centimeters in a year, and they can be transplanted to the mountains this year." Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) said that Schima superba is difficult to burn and fire-resistant, and is mainly used to build firebreaks. It has the largest planting area and the best sales in the forest farm, and more than 100,000 plants have been sold this year.
Purchasing seeds, raising seedlings, and transplanting, the nursery area of Wuzusi (五祖寺) Forest Farm reaches 1,600 mu, and the market value of landing seedlings is more than 50 million yuan. Standing in this lush greenery, who would have thought that this forest farm was once barren and difficult to operate.
"At that time, young employees went out to work one after another, leaving only the older employees struggling to guard it." Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) recalled that Wuzusi (五祖寺) Forest Farm was established in 1954, and by the 1990s, the big trees had basically been cut down. In 2008, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治), who was already the deputy director of the forest farm, also resigned to do business because he could not pay his salary.
When Xu Tianzhi's (徐天治) business was booming, the relevant person in charge of the Forestry Bureau came to his door and invited him to be the director of the forest farm. This burden was not easy, and at first, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) refused. One day, he saw the old employees of the forest farm selling flowers and trees in the wind and rain to make a living, and then he made up his mind.
As soon as he took office in 2012, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) took the employees of the forest farm to Saihanba (塞罕坝) in Hebei (河北) and other places to study. After returning, he proposed the development idea of "market + ecology." In order to increase income, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) ran to multiple seedling markets in various places. "In Feixi County (肥西县), Anhui (安徽), I found that a cup of red leaf stone nan seedlings cost 0.3 yuan, and after planting for two or three years, it can be sold for more than 8 yuan." Seizing the business opportunity, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) purchased 150,000 cups of seedlings and planted them. This attempt made the forest farm earn more than one million yuan at once. After tasting the sweetness, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) vigorously developed a seedling demonstration base.
At the same time, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) and the employees of the forest farm carried out barren mountain replanting and forest tending together. Over the years, the forest farm's mountain forest management area has expanded from more than 8,000 mu before 2012 to more than 80,000 mu. The forest farm, which once had a fragile ecosystem, has now become a forest of multiple tree species, multi-layered and different ages.
The forest farm was re-greened, and Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) seized the opportunity to establish a forest tourism service company, built homestays and farmhouses in the Wangjiang (望江) forest area of Liulin Township (柳林乡), Huangmei County (黄梅县), and created a forest health base.
Walking on the forest trail of the health base, the air with the fragrance of grass and trees comes to your face. "These trees on the hillside and the fresh air are real treasures." Looking at the layers of green in front of him, Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) said, "We must not only guard this green, but also make good use of this green."
In 2024, the total assets of the forest farm reached 310 million yuan, and the annual comprehensive income has reached 20 million yuan for five consecutive years. "This year we also want to expand another 500 mu of modern nursery and use intelligent equipment to manage seedlings." Xu Tianzhi (徐天治) has even bigger dreams.
Han Fengxiang (韩凤香), Chairman of the Agricultural Cooperative in Lishu County (梨树县), Jilin (吉林)——
The road to black soil protection is the right one.
By Zheng Zhiwen (郑智文), reporter of this newspaper
At 4:30, the morning light洒向 the vast black soil of Lishu County (梨树县), Jilin (吉林). Accompanied by the cool morning breeze, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) and members of the cooperative came to the cornfield and began a busy day.
Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) is the chairman of the Fenghuangshan (凤凰山) Agricultural Machinery Farmers Professional Cooperative in Lishu County (梨树县). This year is the fifteenth year since she returned to her hometown to establish the cooperative. "After graduating from university, I first worked in the city. When I returned to my hometown, I found that the agricultural management model in the village was traditional and the farming methods were scattered. At the same time, some villages had promoted large-scale mechanized production and applied new technologies. I was very anxious." Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) said.
After repeated consideration, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) decided to return to her hometown to start a business and establish a cooperative. In the initial stage, the cooperative had only 5 members and transferred more than 700 mu of land. Starting from the implementation of mechanized operations, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) raised funds to purchase large and medium-sized agricultural machinery and led the team to achieve increased production and income by unifying seed supply, fertilization, sowing, plant protection, harvesting, and sales. Today, the scale of the cooperative is getting larger and larger, the number of members has reached 158, and the land under intensive management is 15,000 mu.
The cooperative's operation has also faced many difficulties, such as the degradation of soil fertility. "At the beginning, the soil was very hard, which was quite different from the soft black soil I imagined. Large agricultural machinery had to be fully powered to plow the land." Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) recalled.
For a period of time, due to long-term high-intensity utilization and "heavy use and light maintenance" farming methods, untimely protection, and unreasonable cultivation, some fertile black soil in Northeast China (东北地区) has become "thinner, harder, and leaner," resulting in soil erosion, soil compaction, and a decline in organic matter, which directly affects food security.
To diagnose and prescribe prescriptions for the black soil, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) went to agricultural schools and invited experts. At that time, the conservation tillage being practiced in Lishu County (梨树县) attracted her. "Cover the surface with straw, no-till and less tillage." Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) introduced that reducing soil disturbance, improving soil structure, and increasing soil fertility and water retention capacity can achieve the effect of reducing chemical fertilizers, saving labor, and ensuring yield.
With a prescription, it is not easy to use. "If the straw is left in the ground, will it affect the emergence of seedlings?" "The benefits are hard to say, so why do we have to match agricultural machinery?" Most of the cooperative members are "old farmers" who have been planting land for a lifetime, and there have been continuous doubts.
In order to dispel concerns, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) invited agricultural technicians to give lectures, introduced agricultural materials and agricultural machinery, planted "demonstration fields," and gave everyone a "sample." The corn seedlings grown in the "demonstration field" were stronger, and when the yield was measured in the autumn, the yield was 30% higher than that of traditional planting.
"After several years of conservation tillage, the soil has become soft and re-glossy, and earthworms can be seen when digging the soil! According to calculations, the organic matter content has increased by 13%." Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) firmly believes that the road to black soil protection is the right one.
In recent years, Lishu County (梨树县) has actively explored the construction of modern agricultural production units, implemented moderate-scale land management, took a certain scale of land as a unit, and promoted large-scale agricultural machinery and unified standard planting management. "Compared with the traditional model, the yield per unit of modern agricultural production has increased by about 8%, and the cost per mu has been saved by about 80 yuan." Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) introduced that in 2024, the total grain output of the cooperative reached more than 22 million jin, driving the per capita annual income of farmers to increase by more than 50,000 yuan.
**向下扎根，才能向上生长** (xiàng xià zhā gēn, cái néng xiàng shàng shēng zhǎng - "root downwards, then grow upwards," only by laying a solid foundation can one achieve success). Protecting the land, planting good fields, and producing more grain, Han Fengxiang (韩凤香) is full of energy towards the direction of modern large-scale agriculture.
Kong Hainan (孔海南), Professor of Shanghai Jiaotong University (上海交通大学)——
Give Erhai (洱海) a better ecology.
By Jiang Hongbing (姜泓冰), reporter of this newspaper
"My name has the word 'Hai' (海, sea), and I have been dealing with water for most of my life. I don't regret linking my life plan with the tomorrow of the motherland, the development of the nation, and the needs of society!" Kong Hainan (孔海南), the gray-haired person in charge of the Erhai (洱海) project of the National Science and Technology Major Project for Water Pollution Control and Treatment and a chair professor of the School of Environmental Science and Engineering of Shanghai Jiaotong University (上海交通大学), said this when he had a discussion with young teachers and students.
Kong Hainan (孔海南) is one of the first scholars to enter the field of environmental research after the reform and opening up. He has long been engaged in the research of lake and river treatment technology and is a senior expert in the field of international lake eutrophication research and treatment. A stable and smooth work and life trajectory has changed because of the concern for a "sea."
In 1996, Kong Hainan (孔海南), as an expert from UNESCO, first came to Erhai Lake (洱海) in Yunnan (云南) for investigation. When the boat reached the center of the lake, he saw a large area of submerged plant communities growing from the bottom of the lake to the surface. The "underwater forest" stretched for more than ten square kilometers. Later, with the erosion of watershed pollution and eutrophication, the once crystal-clear Erhai Lake (洱海) experienced large-scale cyanobacteria blooms, and the water quality dropped from the national surface water standard Class II to local Class IV.
Seeing Erhai Lake (洱海) become turbid and discolored, Kong Hainan (孔海南) was worried and determined to return to China. "It is meaningful to solve problems with knowledge, technology, and experience," he said. Kong Hainan (孔海南) and other experts traveled around to investigate and suggested establishing a national major science and technology special water project. At the end of 2006, the National Science and Technology Major Project for Water Pollution Control and Treatment was approved and launched. Kong Hainan (孔海南) became the chief scientist of the Erhai (洱海) project, leading a team of experts from dozens of scientific research institutions to jointly investigate the sources of pollution, formulate scientific treatment plans, and implement them together with relevant ministries, commissions, and local governments.
That year, Kong Hainan (孔海南) was 56 years old and suffered from atrial fibrillation, hypertension, and other diseases. In the following 10 years, he spent less than a month each year at his home in Shanghai (上海), and lived in a farmer's small building by Erhai Lake (洱海) for a long time, traveling all over the villages and rivers around Erhai Lake (洱海).
The difficulty in lake pollution control lies in the need to achieve comprehensive coordination of the entire basin, and all rivers entering the lake must be intercepted and purified. Kong Hainan (孔海南) led the team to first conduct a treatment demonstration in Luoshi River (罗时江), integrating various technologies to transform the embankment and riverbed, and restore wetlands. After two or three years, the river water became clear.
From pilot projects to full-scale implementation, after more than 10 years of unremitting efforts and tackling key problems, Erhai Lake (洱海), which had been over-developed, gradually regained its former glory. Dali carp (大理鲤鱼), sea cabbage flowers (海菜花), and other species that had disappeared for many years reappeared. In recent years, the artificial cultivation area of sea cabbage flowers (海菜花) has become popular to 3,000 mu, becoming a "wealthy vegetable" for farmers in Eryuan County (洱源县), Yunnan (云南).
Today, Kong Hainan (孔海南), who is over 70 years old, still lives by Erhai Lake (洱海). "Water pollution control is a difficult and arduous project," he said, adding that it will still take 30 to 40 years of continuous efforts to manage the entire Erhai Lake (洱海) well. The faculty and students of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学) team collect field samples, analyze water quality indicators, and conduct scientific research in Erhai Lake (洱海) all year round, continuing to contribute to the ecological environmental protection and sustainable development of Erhai Lake (洱海).
Lin Zhanxi (林占熺), inventor of Juncao technology:
Every new place to plant Juncao is a challenge
By Shi Yu (施钰), reporter of this newspaper
At the end of July, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺), chief scientist of the National Juncao Engineering Technology Research Center (国家菌草工程技术研究中心) and inventor of Juncao technology, once again led his team to Minning Town (闽宁镇), Yongning County (永宁县), Yinchuan City (银川市), Ningxia (宁夏).
"The mushroom farmers who followed me to grow mushrooms back then wrote me a letter, talking about the new changes in their lives. This time, I went to see them and discuss with them how to make Juncao better serve rural industrial development and ecological governance." Speaking of Minning Town (闽宁镇), Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) couldn't help but pull out photos from his mobile phone album. In the photos, he was walking in the Juncao field in Minning Town (闽宁镇). The green Juncao grew taller than people. "These have only grown for 66 days! Now many mushroom farmers are planting Juncao in desert land, which can not only prevent wind and fix sand, but also be harvested and turned into livestock feed."
Since inventing Juncao technology in 1986, using grass instead of wood to cultivate edible fungi, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) has been exploring the development of emerging Juncao industries and new paths for Juncao ecological governance, while continuously selecting new grass varieties. In 1987, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) began Juncao planting experiments in areas with severe soil erosion such as Liancheng County (连城县), Changting County (长汀县), and Youxi County (尤溪县) in Sanming City (三明市), Fujian Province (福建省).
"The idea of using Juncao for ecological governance developed in step-by-step experiments." After accumulating planting experience in Fujian (福建), Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) tried to introduce Juncao to the western region. In April 1997, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) investigated 15 counties in the four provinces of Ningxia (宁夏), Shaanxi (陕西), Gansu (甘肃), and Qinghai (青海). "That was the first time I saw flying sand and rocks, and stones the size of thumbs rolling on the road. I realized that the grass varieties in Fujian (福建) were not suitable for these places." After returning, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) set new goals for selecting grass varieties.
Deserts, saline-alkali land, sandstone, and the Yellow River (黄河) coastline with soil erosion... Every new place to plant Juncao is a challenge.
In April 2013, Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) led his team to the eastern edge of the Ulan Buh Desert (乌兰布和沙漠) along the Yellow River (黄河) in Alxa League (阿拉善盟), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区), and began Juncao desertification control experiments. In the Ulan Buh Desert (乌兰布和沙漠), the grass seeds were sown in the morning, and the seeds disappeared with a strong wind at night. Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) was not discouraged by the repeated failures, and encouraged the team to persist in experiments and adjust the plan according to local climatic conditions. Now, they have successfully planted tens of thousands of mu of Juncao in the desert.
In the Ulan Buh Desert (乌兰布和沙漠), there is a 5.7-kilometer-long section where the Yellow River (黄河) "shakes hands" with the desert, which is one of the most severely flowing sand areas in the Inner Mongolia (内蒙古) section of the Yellow River (黄河). Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) introduced that in 2022, he led his team to establish a Juncao ecological governance demonstration base here, using Juncao to block sand, fix sand, and protect the coastline.
Juncao can fix mobile sand land 80 days after planting. On the滩地 of the Yellow River (黄河) bank, a cluster of giant Juncao grows for 150 days, and the root system can even reach 575 cm in length, which can effectively fix sand; within 1 to 2 years, an ecological buffer zone of "grass-shrub-tree" natural restoration can be formed, reducing the amount of sediment entering the Yellow River (黄河) by 90.9%. In addition, the fresh grass yield of Juncao on wasteland can reach about 3 times the yield of silage corn planted on local cultivated land, and it can be widely used in mushroom materials, feed, and biomass materials.
Today, Lin Zhanxi's (林占熺) team has selected Juncao varieties such as giant Juncao and "Oasis No. 1" that can be planted from the upper reaches of the Yellow River (黄河) to the estuary, and has created demonstration bases for Juncao ecological governance and the development of emerging Juncao industries in different types of ecologically fragile areas in the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River (黄河).
"When I first promoted Juncao technology, I was like a mountaineer, and every step had to be solid. Now it's like rolling a stone uphill, and it's difficult to break through every step." Lin Zhanxi (林占熺) said that currently, he is thinking about how to select perennial high-quality Juncao varieties to better serve ecological industrialization and industrial ecology.
Lu Qi (卢琦), Dean of the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program Research Institute:
In desertification prevention and control, we must also cultivate and use sand well
By Dong Siyu (董丝雨), reporter of this newspaper
Changliushui Village (长流水村), Shapotou District (沙坡头区), Zhongwei City (中卫市), Ningxia (宁夏), on the rolling sand dunes, millions of grass squares extend into the distance. The grass seeds sown not long ago have sprouted new buds, and the golden desert is surging with greenery.
"Zhongwei (中卫), Ningxia (宁夏), was the first place I 'went on a business trip' after graduating with a doctorate. Here, I saw the vast desert for the first time and witnessed the 'Chinese magic cube' wheat straw checkerboard explored by the older generation of desertification control people to ensure the smooth passage of the Baotou-Lanzhou Railway (包兰铁路)," said Lu Qi (卢琦), chief scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry (中国林业科学研究院) and dean of the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program Research Institute (三北工程研究院). Today, the Tengger Desert (腾格里沙漠) lock-in project in Ningxia (宁夏) has been fully completed, effectively curbing desert expansion and reducing sand sources for sandstorms.
The Horqin Sandy Land (科尔沁沙地) is re-emerging with the scenery of sparse grasslands in the past, the "Jizi Bend" of the Yellow River (黄河) shows a beautiful picture of "golden sand, blue sea, and oasis," and the Taklimakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠) is wearing a "green scarf"... Since the battle against desertification in the "Three-North" project was launched in 2023, a total of 415 projects have been implemented, completing 164 million mu of construction tasks, with significant results.
This achievement of "green advances and sand retreats" is written by generations of desertification control people, and Lu Qi (卢琦) is one of them. In December last year, Lu Qi (卢琦) won the "Science and Innovation Award" of the United Nations Environment Programme's "Earth Champion Award" for his contribution to helping China reverse the trend of land degradation and reduce desertification area in the field of scientific policy intersection, becoming the first Chinese to win the award in this category.
To control desertification, we must first understand the "family background." In September 2007, Lu Qi (卢琦) and his team marched into the Kumtag Desert (库姆塔格沙漠) at the junction of Xinjiang (新疆) and Gansu (甘肃). This was the only desert among China's eight major deserts that had not been systematically and comprehensively scientifically investigated. "This investigation revealed the mystery of China's only 'feather-shaped sand dune,' and we established standard meteorological stations in the north and south of the desert, respectively, and obtained first-hand data on climate, landforms, hydrology, etc. for the first time, accumulating more experience for desertification control, protection, and cultivation," said Lu Qi (卢琦).
Scientific and technological power runs through the entire process of desertification prevention and control, driving the innovation of governance concepts, the innovation of governance technologies, and the leap in governance effectiveness.
In July 2023, the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program Research Institute (三北工程研究院) was established. As the first dean, Lu Qi (卢琦) formed a scientific research team to tackle key problems. "We also innovated the form of scientific and technological services. The Chinese Academy of Forestry (中国林科院) formed 15 scientific and technological special service teams, went down to the fields, squatted in designated areas, and carried out demonstration applications of scientific and technological achievements. Let science and technology be pre-positioned and built-in, and exert all-round efforts," said Lu Qi (卢琦).
Desertification prevention and control does not mean eliminating deserts, but also cultivating and using sand well. "As a unique ecosystem, deserts have irreplaceable ecological functions," said Lu Qi (卢琦). It is necessary to give priority to protecting natural and native deserts, actively manage desertified land caused by over-exploitation or man-made damage, respect nature, conform to nature, and plant trees where suitable, plant grass where suitable, and leave wasteland where suitable. At the same time, it is also necessary to moderately utilize and actively develop the sand industry, turning "sand hazards" into "sand benefits."
China's wisdom and solutions for desertification control are also going to the world and benefiting mankind. Desertification prevention and control technologies with Chinese characteristics have been promoted and applied in more than 40 countries and regions in Africa, the Middle East, and Central Asia, contributing to the realization of the global goal of zero growth in land degradation.
Return to TopBy: 吴 燕
There is a kind of healing that is the blue of the sky, and a kind of happiness that is going to a place with wind. We like to share the little joys of life in our Moments. This beauty is the most vivid presentation of a beautiful China.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, historic, transformative, and comprehensive changes have taken place in ecological civilization construction from theory to practice. The construction of a beautiful China has taken significant strides, and the vast landscape is even more colorful. The mountains are greener, with the majestic Qinling Mountains (秦岭) churning with clouds and the Loess Plateau (黄土高原) turning from yellow to green; the waters are greener, with the rolling Yangtze River (长江) clear and its banks green, adhering to "jointly protecting the environment and refraining from large-scale development"; the forests are denser, with the vast forests of the Greater Khingan Mountains (大兴安岭) thriving, proving that "not cutting down a single tree can still lead to prosperity"; the fields are more fertile, with the Yellow River (黄河)滩区 awakening the dormant saline-alkali land, transforming barren land into new granaries; the lakes are more beautiful, with the clear waters of Yundang Lake (筼筜湖) in Xiamen (厦门), Fujian (福建) reappearing, and egrets returning to flap their wings once more; the grass is greener, with pastoral songs echoing and livestock thriving under the Qilian Mountains (祁连山); and the sand is cleaner, with the green spreading across the Mu Us Desert (毛乌素沙地), and sand dunes bowing their heads and stopping.
In the past, the choice between green mountains and clear waters and golden mountains and silver mountains was a question before us. Starting from a state of poverty and backwardness, we completed the industrialization process that took developed countries hundreds of years in just a few decades. This highly condensed modernization created an economic miracle, but also accumulated a large number of ecological and environmental problems. Whether to choose golden mountains and silver mountains or green mountains and clear waters once became a difficult dilemma.
Today, "green mountains and clear waters are golden mountains and silver mountains" is a fusion question we are answering. A change in thinking broadens the horizon. Green mountains and clear waters are not only natural wealth, but also social and economic wealth. High-level protection is constantly shaping new drivers and advantages for development. The increasingly high "green" content of economic development effectively enhances the "gold" content of growth.
Green mountains are beauty, and blue skies are happiness. This kind of change is not only related to the quality of economic development, but also to the quality of life of every individual. The "happiness index" of people's lives and the "ecological attractiveness" of green mountains and clear waters are both rising together.
The harmonious coexistence of humanity and nature is a distinct characteristic of Chinese-style modernization. When green production methods are widely promoted and green lifestyles gradually become fashionable, a beautiful China that people yearn for will bring us a more splendid and beautiful life.
Return to TopOverall planning for this issue: Chen Juan (陈娟), Wu Yan (吴燕)
Integrated Media Creation: Zhang Feiran (章斐然), Li Nanhua (李楠桦)
Layout Design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
Return to TopBy: 黄 黎
On August 21, 1945, a special Japanese aircraft arrived at Zhijiang Airport (芷江机场) in Hunan. On board was Takeo Imai (今井武夫) and his delegation, representing Japan's surrender. Their mission was to hold preliminary talks with the Chinese side regarding the surrender matters. This scene was captured by Chinese and foreign journalists present, marking the start of the surrender procedure in the China Theater. In subsequent negotiations, both sides reached a consensus on the specific arrangements for the surrender, laying the foundation for the formal surrender that followed.
On September 2, the internationally significant surrender signing ceremony was held on the American warship "Missouri" in Tokyo Bay. Representatives from the Allied anti-fascist nations, including the United States, Britain, China, and the Soviet Union, along with Japanese representatives, signed the surrender documents, marking the formal end of World War II in legal terms. This surrender document, now preserved at the U.S. National Archives, solidified the international consensus on Japan's acceptance of defeat in written form. At the ceremony, the expressions and gestures of the Allied and Japanese representatives were preserved through video footage, becoming an important testament to the victory of the world's anti-fascist war.
A week later, on September 9, the surrender signing ceremony for the Japanese army in the China Theater was held in the auditorium of the Central Military Academy (中央军校) in Nanjing. Yasuji Okamura (冈村宁次), Commander-in-Chief of the Japanese Expeditionary Army in China, signed and sealed the instrument of surrender, while He Yingqin (何应钦), Commander-in-Chief of the Chinese Army, accepted the surrender on behalf of the Chinese government. The arrangement of the venue, the positioning of personnel from both sides, and the signing process were all meticulously recorded. The holding of this ceremony marked the formal surrender of Japanese military forces in China to the Chinese government, a significant symbol of China's ultimate victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan.
The return of territory was even more exciting. At 10:00 AM on October 25, 1945, the Taiwan Province Surrender Ceremony of the China Theater was held at Taipei City Hall (台北市公会堂) (now Zhongshan Hall (中山堂)). Chen Yi (陈仪), the chief officer for accepting the surrender in Taiwan Province of the China Theater, dressed in military uniform, sat solemnly at the surrender acceptance seat and announced: From this day forward, Taiwan and the Penghu Islands (澎湖列岛) have formally rejoined the Chinese territory, and all land, people, and political affairs are placed under Chinese sovereignty. This declaration meant that the Taiwan region, occupied by Japan since the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki (马关条约) in 1895, had returned to the embrace of the motherland after half a century of separation.
After the declaration, Chen Yi (陈仪) solemnly signed the document with a writing brush. The brush was straight, fully dipped in ink, and each stroke was steady and powerful, embodying the expectations of the people of Taiwan for half a century and the dignity of the nation. After the ceremony, people across Taiwan celebrated this moment in various ways. Banners reading "Celebrating the Restoration of Taiwan" appeared in the streets, and the expressions on people's faces reflected the Taiwanese people's recognition of returning to the motherland. This event was recorded in history as an important achievement of China's victory in the War of Resistance Against Japan, becoming a historical basis for safeguarding national territorial integrity.
After the news of Japan's surrender arrived, diverse celebration scenes emerged across China.
Beneath the Pagoda Hill (宝塔山) in Yan'an, torches meandered like swimming dragons, and cheers echoed along the banks of the Yan River (延河). On the "Map of the Situation of the Anti-Japanese War Behind Enemy Lines in China" drawn by the Yan'an headquarters, those areas marked as enemy rear base areas became oceans of people celebrating victory.
Under the oil lamps in the cave dwellings, cadres sorted documents overnight, soldiers cleaned their guns, and children plastered slogans of "Celebrating Victory" all over the stone rollers and tree trunks. On August 13, in his speech at the Central Party School (中央党校), Mao Zedong (毛泽东) affirmed the great power of the entire nation's resistance and soberly pointed out that Chiang Kai-shek (蒋介石) was already sharpening his knives, sounding the alarm for the entire party. Yan'an, a small city that witnessed arduous struggles, showed not only revelry at the moment of victory in the War of Resistance but also a composure and determination after enduring hardships.
In cities such as Chongqing, Shanghai, and Kunming, people spontaneously took to the streets, expressing their joy by setting off firecrackers and hanging national flags. These scenes were included in the "Special Issue on Japan's Surrender" of the *China Pictorial Magazine* (*中华图画杂志*).
From the joint international counterattack to the continuous resistance of all sectors of society at home, from the restoration of territorial sovereignty to the cohesion of social sentiment, together they constitute the complete connotation of "We have won." When we look back at these historical witnesses, we see not only the end of the war but also the resilience and unity shown by a nation after experiencing hardships, as well as the historical inevitability of the world's anti-fascist forces working together. These preserved cultural relics and historical photographs constantly remind us to remember the hard-won victory and inspire us to maintain the importance of peace.
(Author's affiliation: National Museum of China (中国国家博物馆))
Return to TopBy: 田悦慧
The Eighth Route Army Taihang Memorial Hall is located in Wuxiang County (武乡县), a revolutionary old area in Shanxi (山西) Province. It is the only large-scale revolutionary memorial hall in the country that comprehensively reflects the history of the Eighth Route Army's resistance against Japan. The 6,554 pieces of cultural relics from the War of Resistance and 134 national first-class cultural relics tell the heroic story of the Eighth Route Army crossing the Yellow River (黄河), advancing into Shanxi (山西), and establishing anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines relying on the Taihang Mountains (太行山脉) after the full outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan.
In the exhibition hall, there is a pair of straw sandals with broken cotton threads, which were worn by Regiment Commander Ye Chenghuan (叶成焕) when he sacrificed his life. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Ye Chenghuan (叶成焕) served as the commander of the 772nd Regiment of the 386th Brigade of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army. He led his troops to participate in famous battles such as Changshengkou (长生口), Shentouling (神头岭), and Xiangtangpu (响堂铺), making significant contributions to the "Three Battles and Three Victories" of the 129th Division in the early stage of the full-scale War of Resistance.
During the Battle of Changle Village (长乐村), Ye Chenghuan (叶成焕) was shot in the head by a bullet while observing the enemy's situation on a high slope. As the soldiers carried him back, his last words were: "The troops, where are the troops?" Ye Chenghuan (叶成焕) was only 24 years old when he died. When Dong Laiwang (董来旺), a villager from Changle Village (长乐村), was sorting out his belongings, he saw that Regiment Commander Ye (叶) was still wearing a pair of worn-out straw sandals. He quickly brought a pair of cloth shoes to replace them and preserved the straw sandals. Zhu De (朱德) made a special trip from the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army to bid farewell to Ye Chenghuan's (叶成焕) remains. Liu Bocheng (刘伯承), commander of the 129th Division, said at the memorial service that Regiment Commander Ye (叶) had not failed the Party's education and had finally become a very good Bolshevik.
In the display case, there is a broken bugle, its copper tube covered with bullet marks, the bell twisted and deformed, and five deep finger marks embedded in the copper on the curved handle. The owner of this bugle was Cui Zhenfang (崔振芳), from Hongtong County (洪洞县), Shanxi (山西) Province. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (中国共产党) at the age of 18 and died in the Battle of Huangyazong (黄崖洞) in 1941 at the age of 19.
In November 1941, the Japanese army assembled 5,000 elite troops to invade the Huangyazong Arsenal (黄崖洞兵工厂). At dawn on the 11th, the Seventh Company, to which Cui Zhenfang (崔振芳) belonged, was stationed at the natural barrier "Wenggelang (翁圪廊)" - the last barrier leading to the arsenal. At noon, after several failed attacks, the Japanese army began to release poison gas. Cui Zhenfang (崔振芳) endured the cough and used all his strength to blow the gas defense order. The most tragic fight occurred at about 3 p.m., when the Japanese army launched a three-pronged attack on the South Pass. Cui Zhenfang (崔振芳) and another young soldier, Wei Shihua (卫世华), used the terrain to throw grenades, holding on to the drawbridge. After his comrade Wei Shihua (卫世华) died, Cui Zhenfang (崔振芳) single-handedly carried two boxes of grenades and threw more than 120 grenades, killing dozens of Japanese soldiers. Suddenly, a shell exploded beside him. The thin Cui Zhenfang (崔振芳) knelt down and pressed the bugle against a stone.
After eight days and nights of fierce fighting, the arsenal was preserved. When the soldiers cleaned the battlefield, they found that Cui Zhenfang's (崔振芳) fingers were still tightly gripping the bugle, and his teeth were fused with the mouthpiece... In the years of war, more than 1,700 Taihang (太行) buglers composed their young lives into an eternal bugle score. Their average age was less than 20, and the youngest was only 13.
During the war, news was not only information, but also a banner to unite people's hearts and a sharp sword to stab the enemy. In the exhibition hall, the national first-class revolutionary cultural relic, the type-casting machine used by the North China *Xinhua Daily* (新华日报) printing factory, witnessed the glorious years of the vast number of news warriors fighting against the enemy.
On January 1, 1939, the North China edition of *Xinhua Daily* (新华日报) was founded in Hougou Village (后沟村), Qin County (沁县), Shanxi (山西) Province. It was the organ of the Northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央北方局) and the first letterpress newspaper behind enemy lines in North China. At the beginning of the newspaper's establishment, materials were scarce under the heavy blockade of the Japanese invaders. Without paper, all the staff of the newspaper collected rags and rotten shoes, and used small donkeys to grind paper pulp to make hemp paper. Without ink, they cut pine branches from the mountains and burned them to make ink. In order to ensure the printing of the newspaper, He Yun (何云), president and editor-in-chief of the North China edition of *Xinhua Daily* (新华日报), and his staff crossed several lines of blockade by the Japanese army and transported this precious type-casting machine from Chongqing (重庆) to Qin County (沁县) after several twists and turns.
During the Hundred Regiments Offensive, He Yun (何云) led reporters to fight day and night on the front lines, reviewing, engraving, proofreading, and printing immediately, reporting the heroic deeds of the Eighth Route Army soldiers in killing the enemy at the fastest speed, which greatly encouraged the morale and confidence of the vast number of soldiers and civilians.
The development and growth of the North China edition of *Xinhua Daily* (新华日报) aroused the attention and panic of the enemy. In May 1942, the Japanese army mobilized more than 30,000 troops in an attempt to destroy the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army and listed the destruction of the North China edition of *Xinhua Daily* (新华日报) as an important combat objective. In order to protect this type-casting machine, He Yun (何云) and others secretly buried it under a house in Daping Village (大坪村), Wuxiang County (武乡县). Unfortunately, on the morning of May 28, He Yun (何云) was shot and heroically sacrificed in a breakout, at the age of 37. He was accompanied by more than 40 news warriors, including Huang Junjue (黄君珏).
The newspaper office experienced six counter-"mopping-up" operations and moved seven times. Despite frequent transfers and artillery fire, it persisted in publishing and never interrupted. In September 1943, the North China edition of *Xinhua Daily* (新华日报) was discontinued, with a total of 896 issues published. The news warriors used their pens as guns to attack the enemy and protected the Party's propaganda front with their lives.
More than 80 years ago, countless heroic Chinese sons and daughters fought bloody battles in the Taihang Mountains (太行山), building a copper wall and iron wall with their flesh and blood to resist the Japanese invaders, and giving birth to the Taihang Spirit (太行精神) that shines through the ages.
(The author is the deputy curator of the Eighth Route Army Taihang Memorial Hall (八路军太行纪念馆), and this article was compiled by Fu Mingli (付明丽), a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 吴 密
The National Library of China's collection of revolutionary historical literature includes a special edition of the *Dazhong Daily* (《大众日报》) from August 11, 1945 (see picture), which witnessed the important historical moment of Japan's surrender and the victory of the War of Resistance.
This special edition was printed in full-page red, with the main headline "Japan Announces Unconditional Surrender" printed in extremely eye-catching extra-large font, making it unique and striking among the many special editions announcing the victory of the War of Resistance at the time.
The *Dazhong Daily* was originally the organ of the Shandong Branch of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. It was founded on January 1, 1939, in Yishui, Shandong (山东沂水). The inaugural speech clearly stated that the newspaper's mission was to serve the masses in the anti-Japanese guerrilla base areas, "publishing as much as possible opinions from all sides that are beneficial to the War of Resistance." In addition to being distributed in the border areas, the *Dazhong Daily* was also distributed and posted in enemy-occupied areas, growing and expanding during the War of Resistance.
In early August 1945, as the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was about to usher in victory, the *Dazhong Daily* radio station in Pengjiashigou Village, Junan County (莒南县彭家仕沟村), was extremely busy. Staff members were on duty day and night, constantly receiving news of victory: on the morning of August 9, news was received that the Soviet Union had declared war on Japan the night before; on the night of the 9th, Mao Zedong's (毛泽东) statement "The Last Battle Against the Japanese寇" was received; on the evening of the 10th, a urgent telegram was suddenly received from the Xinhua News Agency in Yan'an (新华社延安), sent three times in a row – according to the United Press, the Japanese government accepted unconditional surrender, according to a broadcast from Tokyo, Japan. Tan Ke (谭克), of the editorial section of the *Dazhong Daily* broadcasting room, initially did not dare to believe this important news of Japan's surrender, and immediately telegraphed to inquire. The Xinhua News Agency immediately replied, "The news is true." When the good news spread, the entire office cheered and told each other. At midnight, the radio station received the "First Order of the Yan'an Headquarters" issued by Zhu De (朱德), Commander-in-Chief of the Eighth Route Army, to accept the surrender of the Japanese and puppet troops. The August 11th issue of the *Dazhong Daily* had just been printed, and the next issue was scheduled to be published on the 13th. Such important news could not wait for a moment, so Chen Yi (陈沂), the president of the newspaper, immediately decided to publish a special edition in order to convey this inspiring news to the military and civilians in the base areas as quickly as possible. Staff members from all departments of the *Dazhong Daily* gave up their rest, workers rushed to typeset overnight, and Zhang Weidong (张伟东), a woodblock carver, carved the characters "号外" (special edition) and other large-character headlines in running script the size of a fist. At 5:30 in the morning, all the newspapers were typeset and a proof was made. Chen Yi signed off on it after reading it, and it was rushed to print.
After the news that Japan had accepted the *Potsdam Proclamation* and announced its unconditional surrender spread, there was a grand occasion of special editions flying all over the country. The *Xinhua Daily* (《新华日报》), published by the Communist Party of China in the Kuomintang-controlled area, published a special edition entitled "Accepting the Potsdam Declaration, Japan Surrenders Unconditionally" at 10 p.m. on the 10th. The Kuomintang's *Central Daily News* (《中央日报》) also published a special edition on Japan's surrender late on the night of the 10th. The preciousness of the red special edition of the *Dazhong Daily* lies in the fact that it is a full-page red-printed special edition of the news of the victory of the War of Resistance, and it is also the earliest, largest, and largest-font special edition among the red special editions currently seen.
The special edition was planned to be printed in 20,000 copies. The workers went all out to rush the typesetting and printing, and the newspaper distributors waited by the machines. The printed newspapers, with the fragrance of ink, were quickly distributed to the military and civilians in the base areas, or posted on the streets. It can be said that this special edition is a red cultural relic that witnesses a major historical event from content to form.
(Author's unit: National Library of China (国家图书馆))
Return to TopBy: 陈平原
A friend sent me my article "The Grace and Spirit of Chinese Universities During the War of Resistance" published in the *Guangming Daily* (光明日报) on August 25, 2015, saying it was well-written and asking if I could continue the effort. Over 5,000 words to discuss such a significant topic can only scratch the surface. However, the concluding paragraph of the article is worth quoting again: "During the War of Resistance, Chinese universities not only did not collapse but also grew stronger. This achievement, when discussed or boasted about in the entire history of Chinese education or even world education, is something to be proud of. This was the most difficult but also the most spirited era in the history of modern Chinese universities, and its ideals and sentiments are beyond the reach of later generations. How to describe such a miracle? Relying solely on cold numbers or textbook-style summaries makes it difficult to express my awe, remembrance, and admiration. Therefore, I venture to use the literary title 'The Grace and Spirit' in the hope that readers will understand."
The ideas and materials for that article basically came from my monograph *Chinese Universities in the烽火 of the War of Resistance* (抗战烽火中的中国大学), published 10 years ago. This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance, and Peking University Press (北大出版社) asked if I wanted to publish an expanded edition. I hesitated for two days and finally declined. However, this does not mean that I have shelved this topic in the past 10 years. On the contrary, every time I give a speech at various universities, as long as the other party is willing, I will choose *Chinese Universities in the烽火 of the War of Resistance*, or insert a large section of the story of the westward relocation of universities in related lectures. It's not because of laziness, but because I believe I have a duty to tell the younger generation about that exciting era and my understanding of the university spirit.
Such a gripping story never existed in ancient China, nor could it be said to exist in various European and American countries at the same time—that's because the United States was far away and not much affected by the war; although Britain was bombed, its territory was not invaded; France was entirely occupied, and there was nowhere for universities to relocate; only the Soviet Union had a similar phenomenon of university relocation during the Great Patriotic War. Every time I take the stage to speak, I like to quote a passage from the "Introduction" of *Chinese Universities in the烽火 of the War of Resistance*: "During the War of Resistance, the large-scale internal relocation of Chinese universities cannot be overestimated in its significance—preserving academic strength, continuing the cultural lifeline, cultivating urgently needed talents, opening up inland space, and, more importantly, expressing a national spirit and a firm belief that the War of Resistance will be won."
This year is no exception. In March, at Chongqing University (重庆大学), Chongqing Normal University (重庆师范大学), and Wuhan University (武汉大学), and in May at Xiamen University (厦门大学), I specifically discussed or partially touched upon the westward relocation of universities during the War of Resistance.
I served as an academic consultant and interview guest for the 5-episode historical documentary *Westward Relocation Epic* (西迁壮歌) produced by the Propaganda Department of the Guizhou Provincial Party Committee (贵州省委宣传部). For this matter, I re-read relevant historical materials. In addition to several books on the westward relocation of Zhejiang University (浙江大学) published by Zhejiang University Press (浙江大学出版社), I was even more pleased to read *A General Survey of Zhejiang University in Zunyi·Archives* (浙江大学在遵义·档案综述) and *A Brief Account of Important Events of Zhejiang University in Zunyi* (浙江大学在遵义·要事纪略). Combining the perspectives and interests of westward-relocated universities and local scholars is the only way to better present this colorful "epic." When the directors came to my home to communicate, they thought I was familiar with Zhejiang University in Zunyi (遵义) and probably didn't know much about Dat Xia University (大夏大学) in Guiyang (贵阳). When they saw me take out a large stack of books, including *Chronicle of Dat Xia University* (大夏大学编年事辑), *Dat Xia Wen Cui* (大夏文萃), *Wang Boqun and Dat Xia University* (王伯群与大夏大学), *Dat Xia University: 90 Years, 90 People* (大夏大学：90年90人), etc., as well as *Guizhou Cultural Records During the War of Resistance* (抗战贵州文录), *Guizhou Pictorial Records During the War of Resistance* (抗战贵州图录), etc., they were immediately stunned and repeatedly said, "We found the right person."
The directors of *Westward Relocation Epic* had previously invited me to participate in the production of the documentary *Yangming's Enlightenment* (阳明悟道). This time, we continued our collaboration, and I immediately pulled out Principal Zhu Kezhen's (竺可桢) speech manuscript at the Zhejiang University Founding Anniversary on August 1, 1940: "In the past, Mr. Yangming (王阳明) was demoted to Longchang (龙场), and thus created the theory of 'knowing is difficult, doing is easy.' Within less than two years in Guizhou (贵州), his influence rose, and Guizhou culture was revitalized. Mr. Yangming's strength alone was able to do this. Although we are not as good as Yangming, if we, a thousand teachers and students, do our best, we should be able to benefit Guizhou Province." From Wang Yangming's enlightenment in Guizhou to the story of the westward relocation of Zhejiang University and others, there seems to be some kind of connection in the dark. I elaborated a little in front of the camera, and the directors applauded.
Every time I go to the west to lecture or travel, I always try to find and investigate the sites of universities that relocated westward during the War of Resistance. In March of this year, when I lectured in Chongqing, I wanted to see the sites of the National Central University (国立中央大学) and Fudan University (复旦大学) during the War of Resistance. The purpose was not to find materials for writing papers, but to remember and pay tribute. The Fudan University Memorial Hall in Xiaba (夏坝), Beibei (北碚) moved me, while the stele and protection status of the National Central University site in Songlinpo (松林坡), Shapingba (沙坪坝) were not ideal, which made me sigh with emotion. After returning, I wrote a short article "There Should Be a Memorial Hall in Songlinpo." After this article was published in the *Liberation Daily* (解放日报) on March 30, it was reposted by several public accounts and attracted attention. According to the official WeChat account of Nanjing University (南京大学), on the afternoon of April 8, the president of Nanjing University led a team to Chongqing University for research, and held a symposium with the secretary and president of Chongqing University. "The two sides conducted in-depth exchanges on jointly promoting the historical publicity of the westward relocation of Central University, the protection of the old site, the construction of the memorial hall, and the joint construction of the research institute, as well as the construction of new engineering disciplines and experience in talent cultivation." On July 17, the president of Chongqing University led a delegation to visit Nanjing University, and the two sides signed a strategic cooperation agreement, which included the "Cooperation Intention Letter for the Chongqing University Songlinpo (the former site of Central University's internal relocation during the War of Resistance) Renovation Project."
In my life as a writer, it is rare to have such a 立竿见影 (lì gān jiàn yǐng - "set up a pole and see the shadow," to produce instant results). And the fact that two famous universities in the east and west have formed a strategic cooperation because of the "westward relocation story" makes me overjoyed.
Return to TopBy: 刘新吾
Inside the exhibition hall of the Jianchuan Museum in Chongqing (重庆建川博物馆), a painting of modest size hangs quietly on the wall (see picture). Under the shimmering warm light, a father stands with his back to the audience, holding his young son high; the mother gazes at the baby with a gentle smile; a cat curls up on the ground, as if listening to the joy of the world. A line of small characters on the left side of the painting reads – "Zikai painted and gifted this three days after the Japanese surrender." This is the national first-class cultural relic – *Victory Night* by Feng Zikai (丰子恺).
At first glance, it seems ordinary, but the painting is like a window, illuminating the rebirth of a nation from the ashes.
On August 10, 1945, Chongqing (重庆) was unbearably hot. In a bungalow with gray brick walls, Pan Yongyuan (潘永元), an announcer at China Radio International, tremblingly turned on the sound switch: "Listeners, we are now broadcasting important news... Japan has surrendered unconditionally!" This news was like lightning cutting through the long night, resounding through the clouds, and the mountain city instantly boiled over.
Historical records show that Chongqing (重庆) that night was like a furnace: the people surged into the streets like a tide, strangers shook hands and embraced, shouts, songs, and the sound of gongs and drums intertwined; the alcohol ban in restaurants was a mere formality, and the sounds of guessing games continued all night long; shops hung up cloth signs that read "Celebrating Victory, 15% Discount"... In the roar of revelry, Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) humble home in Shapingba (沙坪坝) was brightly lit. Friends who were usually modest broke down the door to ask for wine. He brought out his treasured fine wine, and the crowd made noise until two o'clock in the morning. By the time the guests left, it was late at night. Feng Zikai (丰子恺) tossed and turned, unable to sleep, his thoughts surging like a tide.
His daughter, Feng Yiyin (丰一吟), wrote in her memoirs: "He thought of the destroyed Yuanyuantang (缘缘堂)... thought of the disastrous defeat of Japan, and thought of the miraculously victorious future of China..." This painter, who regarded "Yuanyuantang (缘缘堂)" as his spiritual home, used his pen as a weapon, creating *A Cartoon History of Japanese Aggression Against China* to denounce the atrocities, always embracing the philosophy of "human affection."
Three days later, Feng Zikai (丰子恺) wielded his brush and ink, condensing his thoughts into *Victory Night*. There are no grand scenes in the painting, only a family of four and a cat, but it contains profound meaning: the father holding the son symbolizes the rebirth of the nation; the mother smiling shows resilience and hope; the young son reaching out points to the future; the warm light shines, meaning the reappearance of light, and the cat lying peacefully symbolizes long-awaited peace. Feng Zikai (丰子恺) often used simple brushstrokes to encapsulate life's philosophy. This painting reverses the usual humor, strengthening the emotional tension with the father's back view, allowing the viewer to empathize with the ecstasy of "raising a glass to invite the bright moon." The inscription "Three days after the Japanese surrender" is precisely the historical anchor point.
*Victory Night* is only the prologue to Chongqing's (重庆) celebration. On August 15, when the Japanese Emperor's surrender broadcast came, citizens beat basins and shouted, turning the city into an "ocean of sound"; on September 2, when Japan signed the surrender document on the USS Missouri, V-shaped red labels were pasted all over the streets of Chongqing (重庆), and firecrackers and cypress branches were sold out; on September 3, the all-clear siren sounded for 10 minutes, and a parade of 50,000 to 60,000 people set off from Jiaochangkou (较场口), the crowds filling the streets, and the colorful lights stayed on all night long – the searchlights of the air defense survey team, the neon lights of the shops, and the gongs and drums of Sichuan opera intertwined, turning the night sky into daylight.
Beyond Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) brushstrokes, historical details are even more magnificent: American journalist Theodore White described in *Thunder Out of China* that farmers carried vegetables into the city, just to "see the look of victory"; students tore up textbooks and folded paper airplanes, writing "freedom" on them... These fragments piece together the collective healing of the nation. The war had caused Chongqing (重庆) to suffer more than 200 bombings, resulting in more than 30,000 direct casualties.
The most precious aspect of *Victory Night* lies not in its complex techniques, nor in its rendering of tragedy, but in its use of simple techniques and ordinary scenes, using everyday warmth to directly touch people's hearts, recording this glorious and eternal moment, and condensing the spiritual epic of a great nation. Experts at the Jianchuan Museum (建川博物馆) pointed out: "'Japanese surrender' are the most beautiful words in the world. The painting is a microcosm of the spirit of the War of Resistance Against Japan, and even more so, ironclad proof of Chongqing (重庆) as a heroic city."
Eighty years have passed, and the carnival night in Chongqing (重庆) has flowed eastward with the Yangtze River, but the ink of *Victory Night* has not faded. On the contrary, it has become thicker due to historical precipitation, like amber sealing time. When we stand before *Victory Night*, the bright light in the painting seems to still remind us: cherish peace, and strive for self-improvement 自强不息 (zì qiáng bù xī - "self-strengthening without cease," constantly striving to become stronger).
Return to TopThis edition's email: ysbjs@peopledaily.cn
Layout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
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