People's Daily - August 19, 2025

Xi Jinping's Discourses on Strengthening the Military (IV) Issued to the Entire Army

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 18th. In order to continuously deepen the study and implementation of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, to help all officers and soldiers of the army study and comprehend Xi Jinping's thought on strengthening the military in its original and comprehensive system, to profoundly understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," and to strengthen the political consciousness, ideological consciousness, and action consciousness of maintaining the core and obeying the command, with the approval of the Central Military Commission (中央军委), the Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission (军委政治工作部) organized and compiled "Xi Jinping on Strengthening the Military (IV)" (《习近平论强军兴军（四）》), which was officially published and distributed recently.

The Central Military Commission (中央军委) recently issued a notice to deploy the study and use of the book throughout the army, requiring all levels to carefully organize and arrange the study of "Xi Jinping on Strengthening the Military (IV)" (《习近平论强军兴军（四）》) in conjunction with the study of "Xi Jinping on Strengthening the Military" (《习近平论强军兴军》), "Xi Jinping on Strengthening the Military (II)" (《习近平论强军兴军（二）》), "Xi Jinping on Strengthening the Military (III)" (《习近平论强军兴军（三）》), and "Xi Jinping's Outline for Studying Military Strengthening Thought (2023 Edition)" (《习近平强军思想学习纲要（2023年版）》), to persistently read the original works, learn the original texts, and understand the principles, and to focus on connecting the historic achievements of strengthening the military in the new era to appreciate the power of truth and the power of practice, so as to better grasp the principles, theories, and philosophies contained therein. The study of the theoretical learning center group of the Party committee, the theoretical training of cadres, the ideological and political education of the troops, and the teaching of political theory in colleges and universities should take the study of "Xi Jinping on Strengthening the Military (IV)" (《习近平论强军兴军（四）》) as an important content, include it in the study plan, and 下功夫 (xià gōng fū - "put in effort," to expend time and energy on a task). It is necessary to combine the centralized political rectification and training to strengthen political forging and ideological transformation in the study and understanding of ideas, and to further solve the fundamental problems of ideals and beliefs, Party spirit cultivation, and official morality and personal character, so as to resolutely and effectively purify the political ecology and consolidate the purity and glory of the people's army. Leading cadres should take the lead in truly learning, truly understanding, truly believing, and truly using, and pay attention to using their own learning results to do a good job in publicity and guidance for officers and soldiers. Political work departments at all levels should strengthen guidance, supervision, and inspection of the study. The broad masses of theoretical workers should strengthen systematic, academic, and rational research. Military news media should increase publicity efforts and vividly reflect the effectiveness of the troops in studying and implementing the spirit, so as to promote the deepening and solidifying of theoretical arming. It is necessary to vigorously promote the study style of linking theory with practice, firmly establish the orientation of testing learning results with practical results, and effectively transform learning results into a vivid practice of striving to overcome difficulties and striving to strengthen the military, comprehensively improve the ability to fulfill the mission and tasks of the new era, and greet the 100th anniversary of the founding of the army with excellent results.

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Writing a New Chapter of Lasting Peace, Stability, and High-Quality Development on the Snowy Plateau

By: 本报记者 李昌禹 刘博通

In August in Tibet (西藏), highland barley gradually ripens, and cattle and sheep are fattening. Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰) towers into the clouds, and the Yarlung Tsangpo River (雅鲁藏布江) surges on, witnessing the vicissitudes of the snowy plateau.

Tibet is an important national security barrier and ecological security barrier for China, occupying an important position in the overall strategy of the Party and the country. In 1965, the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区) was officially established, and a new chapter in Tibetan history was opened.

Sixty years spans a millennium. Over the past 60 years, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), Tibet has achieved historic changes and created immortal miracles.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has attached great importance to Tibetan affairs, cared deeply about the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet, personally planned and laid out the work of Tibet in the new era, delivered a series of important speeches, made a series of important instructions, personally planned and deployed the Sixth and Seventh Central Symposiums on Tibetan Affairs, established the Party's strategy for governing Tibet in the new era, pointed out the direction for doing a good job in Tibet in the new era, provided fundamental guidelines, and led all undertakings in Tibet to achieve all-round progress and historic achievements.

With foresight, the Party's strategy for governing Tibet in the new era was clearly put forward.

"The Party's strategy for governing Tibet in the new era is the fundamental guideline for doing a good job in Tibet, and it must be adhered to for a long time and fully implemented."

"The General Secretary replied!" This summer, Gala Village (嘎拉村) in Nyingchi Town (林芝镇), Bayi District (巴宜区), Nyingchi City (林芝市), Tibet, was filled with joy and jubilation.

"I am glad to learn that the village has undergone new changes in recent years and that the income of the villagers has increased." In this letter to all the villagers of Gala Village, General Secretary Xi Jinping encouraged them to "earnestly safeguard ethnic unity and create a happier and better life."

Gala Village, also known as "Peach Blossom Village," is famous for its wild peach blossoms all over the mountains. In July 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping visited Gala Village during his inspection in Tibet. The beautiful and tidy village and the warm and simple villagers left a deep impression on him.

Following the direction pointed out by the General Secretary, in recent years, the village has held peach blossom festivals, operated homestays, and built picking and planting gardens, and has continuously made new achievements in developing rural tourism, expanding the collective economy, and promoting ethnic unity. The villagers' lives are getting better and better.

"Looking at the Big Dipper, we won't get lost. Following the Communist Party, we will be happy. Everyone's development space is getting wider and wider, our pockets are bulging, and we are more motivated. We are grateful for the Party's good policies and want to contribute to building a prosperous and stable border area of the motherland," said Bianba (边巴), Secretary of the Party Branch of Gala Village.

Time passes slowly, and affection remains the same. General Secretary Xi Jinping has always been concerned about this snowy plateau of Tibet and the people of all ethnic groups living here.

As early as 1998, when Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平同志), then Deputy Secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee (福建省委), came to Tibet to pick up and drop off cadres aiding Tibet, his resounding words warmed the hearts of Tibetan cadres and the masses: "The affairs of Nyingchi Prefecture (林芝地区) are the affairs of our province." "We must send the best cadres, selecting the best from the good." In July 2011, Comrade Xi Jinping, as a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局常委), Vice President of the State (国家副主席), and Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军委副主席), led a central delegation to attend the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the peaceful liberation of Tibet. Ten years later, on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the peaceful liberation of Tibet, General Secretary Xi Jinping once again came to the snowy plateau, going deep into rural areas, urban parks, railway hubs, religious sites, cultural blocks, etc., to visit and comfort cadres and the masses of all ethnic groups. As General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央总书记), President of the State (国家主席), and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军委主席), it was the first time in the history of the Party and the country that he came to Tibet to celebrate the peaceful liberation of Tibet. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "This is to express the Party Central Committee's support for Tibetan affairs and its concern for cadres and the masses of all ethnic groups in Tibet."

To govern the country, one must govern the border; to govern the border, one must first stabilize Tibet.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the situation and tasks facing Tibetan affairs have undergone profound changes. A series of major issues that need to be decided are testing the wisdom and courage of the Party Central Committee in governing the country and managing Tibet.

Based on profound thinking about Tibet's long-term stability and high-quality development, General Secretary Xi Jinping, with foresight and taking into account the overall strategic situation, personally steered the course and planned the layout for Tibetan affairs from a strategic and overall perspective.

In March 2013, General Secretary Xi Jinping participated in the deliberation of the Tibet delegation to the First Session of the 12th National People's Congress (十二届全国人大一次会议), emphasizing that "Tibet is an important national security barrier and ecological security barrier for China, occupying an important position in the overall strategy of the Party and the country."

From presiding over the meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局会议) to study Tibetan affairs, to making important instructions on "strengthening ethnic unity and building a beautiful Tibet" and "building a beautiful and happy Tibet and jointly realizing the dream of great rejuvenation"; from attending the tea party of ethnic minority representatives and members of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国两会), having cordial exchanges with comrades from Tibet, to sending congratulatory letters to the "2019 China Tibet Development Forum" and the "2023 China Tibet Development Forum"; from listening to special reports on the situation of Tibetan affairs many times, to formulating a series of special preferential policies benefiting the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet... General Secretary Xi Jinping has always kept Tibet in mind and devoted a lot of effort to realizing Tibet's long-term development.

In the process of promoting the modernization of Tibet's governance system and governance capacity, General Secretary Xi Jinping attended the Sixth and Seventh Central Symposiums on Tibetan Affairs (中央第六次、第七次西藏工作座谈会) and delivered important speeches, clearly putting forward the Party's strategy for governing Tibet in the new era, emphasizing that "the Party's strategy for governing Tibet in the new era is the fundamental guideline for doing a good job in Tibet, and it must be adhered to for a long time and fully implemented."

Based on the practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the actual situation of Tibetan affairs, the Party's strategy for governing Tibet in the new era profoundly reveals the inherent laws of Tibetan affairs, scientifically answers a series of directional, overall, and strategic questions, is a summary, refinement, and innovative development of the successful experience of the Communist Party of China in leading the people to govern, stabilize, and revitalize Tibet, is a concentrated embodiment of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era regarding Tibetan affairs, and provides a fundamental guideline for doing a good job in Tibet.

In July 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping further emphasized during his inspection in Tibet: "We must fully implement the Party's strategy for governing Tibet in the new era, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, base ourselves on the new development stage, fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, serve and integrate into the new development pattern, promote high-quality development, strengthen the construction of border areas, focus on the four major tasks of stability, development, ecology, and strengthening the border, and continuously achieve new achievements in promoting ecological protection and sustainable development on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and strive to write a new chapter in the long-term stability and high-quality development of the snowy plateau."

Holding high the banner and setting the direction, the wind is fair and the sails are full.

Following the direction pointed out by General Secretary Xi Jinping, cadres and the masses of all ethnic groups in Tibet are united and working hard, solving many long-standing problems and accomplishing many major tasks that were previously impossible, and all undertakings have achieved all-round progress and historic achievements.

Today's Tibet is characterized by social stability, economic development, ethnic unity, religious harmony, good ecology, consolidated border defense, and people living and working in peace and contentment. From the northern Tibetan Plateau to the banks of the Lhasa River (拉萨河), from the foot of Mount Everest to the banks of the Yarlung Tsangpo River, a scene of prosperity and vitality is everywhere.

Bearing in mind the earnest entrustment of the General Secretary, the sons and daughters of all ethnic groups in Tibet are striving forward and forging ahead, striding forward towards accelerating the construction of a united, prosperous, civilized, harmonious, and beautiful socialist modern new Tibet.

Devoting efforts to promoting high-quality economic and social development in Tibet.

"We must adhere to the principle that all development should be given the meaning of ethnic unity and progress, should be given the meaning of improving people's livelihoods and uniting people's hearts, and should be conducive to enhancing the sense of gain, happiness, and security of the people of all ethnic groups."

Starting from Zhamu Town (扎木镇), Bomi County (波密县), Nyingchi City, crossing the continuous and steep mountains, and winding along the surging Yarlung Tsangpo River, the town of Medog County (墨脱县) in the high mountain valleys finally appears in front of you.

Baima Quzhen (白玛曲珍), a representative to the 12th National People's Congress from Medog County, still remembers vividly: During the 2013 National People's Congress, General Secretary Xi Jinping asked with concern during exchanges with representatives of the Tibet delegation: "Is the road to Medog open now?"

Medog County, located on the southern slope of the Himalayas, was once known as the "plateau isolated island." On October 31, 2013, the Medog Highway was officially opened to traffic, and Medog finally tore off the label of "the only county in the country without highway access."

With road access, all industries prosper. In recent years, Medog County has developed industries such as tourism, sightseeing, fruit and tea planting, bringing a full sense of gain to the local people.

The development of Medog is a vivid microcosm of the high-quality economic and social development of Tibet in recent years.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has unique resource endowments and ecological environment. How to promote high-quality economic and social development in Tibet? General Secretary Xi Jinping hit the nail on the head: "We must adhere to the principle that all development should be given the meaning of ethnic unity and progress, should be given the meaning of improving people's livelihoods and uniting people's hearts, and should be conducive to enhancing the sense of gain, happiness, and security of the people of all ethnic groups."

Chinese-style modernization prioritizes people's livelihoods.

At the beginning of the battle against poverty, Tibet was the only provincial-level contiguous area of extreme poverty in China, and it was a deeply impoverished area with the highest poverty incidence, the deepest poverty, the highest poverty alleviation cost, and the greatest difficulty in poverty alleviation in the country.

"We must continue to focus on deeply impoverished areas such as the 'three regions and three prefectures' (三区三州), implement the poverty alleviation plan, and focus on outstanding problems and weak links to vigorously implement policies." General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech at the symposium on winning the battle against poverty was of great importance.

By the end of 2019, all 74 impoverished counties and districts in Tibet had been lifted out of poverty, and 628,000 registered impoverished people had been lifted out of poverty. Tibet had completely shaken off the problem of absolute poverty that had plagued it for thousands of years.

Poverty alleviation is not the end, but the starting point of a happy life. In recent years, Tibet has focused on improving people's livelihoods, and people's living standards have improved significantly.

——Priority is given to the development of education, and 15 years of free education from kindergarten to high school is implemented first;

——Excellent traditional culture has been effectively inherited, protected, and utilized, and the level of public cultural services has been continuously improved;

——The urban and rural public medical and health service system has been continuously improved, health checkups for farmers and herdsmen have achieved full coverage, and the average life expectancy in the region has increased to 72.5 years;

…………

Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the "sky road" is long. From being poor and blank to shaking off poverty and then moving towards common prosperity, it is inseparable from the magical "sky road."

General Secretary Xi Jinping has paid close attention to infrastructure construction such as roads and transportation in Tibet. He took a special train to inspect the construction of the Lhasa-Nyingchi Railway (拉林铁路) line; presided over a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局常务委员会会议) to study and deploy the comprehensive promotion of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway (川藏铁路) construction; and pointed out that "we must plan the construction of the western border railway network as a whole"... He is concerned and attentive.

Building "sky roads" on the snowy plateau turns natural barriers into thoroughfares. In 2014, the Lhasa-Shigatse Railway (拉萨至日喀则铁路), an extension of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, was completed and opened to traffic; in 2019, the Mila Mountain Tunnel (米拉山隧道), an extra-long highway tunnel, was completed, and the entire line of the Nyingchi-Lhasa high-grade highway was opened to traffic; in 2021, the Lhasa-Nyingchi Railway was completed and opened to traffic, and the snowy plateau entered the era of the Fuxing (复兴) high-speed train... As of the end of 2024, the total mileage of highways open to traffic and the mileage of railways in operation in Tibet reached 124,900 kilometers and 1,359 kilometers, respectively, and the number of international and domestic routes reached 183.

With transportation construction as the representative, Tibet's infrastructure construction has been continuously improved. The four power grids of Qinghai-Tibet, Sichuan-Tibet, Central Tibet, and Ali have been built and put into operation, and the main power grid covers all counties (cities and districts); the hydropower project in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River has started construction... injecting strong vitality into Tibet's high-quality development.

Today, on the snowy plateau, "sky roads" crisscross and power grids are intertwined, not only connecting thousands of mountains and rivers, but also promoting the prosperity of people flow, logistics, and industries.

Tibet is rich in resources. How to promote the development of characteristic industries? General Secretary Xi Jinping gave a clear direction: "We must give full play to our strengths and avoid our weaknesses, and adapt to local conditions" and "take a path of high-quality development that conforms to Tibet's actual situation."

Following the guidance of the General Secretary, Tibet has vigorously developed modern industries such as clean energy, cultural tourism, and plateau light industry, and has initially established a modern industrial system. The ability to self-generate blood and self-develop has been continuously improved, and the growth rate of major economic indicators has ranked among the top in the country for many consecutive years.

In the 60 years of development, it took Tibet 50 years to reach the first 100 billion yuan in regional GDP, while it took only 6 years to reach the second 100 billion yuan.

Green development is also the well-being of the people.

Nyingchi, the Yani Wetland (雅尼湿地) is full of vitality. The Yarlung Tsangpo River flows eastward, converging with the winding Niyang River (尼洋河), nourishing this nearly 9,000-hectare wetland park.

In July 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping came to the Niyang River Bridge to listen to the ecological environment protection and natural reserve construction of the Yarlung Tsangpo River and the Niyang River Basin, emphasizing "protecting the creatures, plants, and mountains and rivers here."

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the "roof of the world" and the "water tower of Asia." General Secretary Xi Jinping attaches great importance to protecting Tibet's ecology: "Tibet must protect the ecology and protect the Chinese water tower. We cannot pick up sesame seeds and lose the watermelon. If there is an ecological problem, the loss outweighs the gain." "Protecting the ecological environment of Tibet is beneficial to the future and benefits the world." "Building the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau into a national and even international ecological civilization highland"... In different occasions, he gave earnest messages, pointing out the direction for Tibet's ecological protection work.

Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and so are ice and snow. More than 50% of Tibet's territory has been included in the ecological protection red line, the forest coverage rate has increased to 12.31%, the proportion of days with excellent air quality has reached more than 99.7%, and the water quality of major rivers and lakes has reached or is better than Class III water. A total of more than 440,000 ecological posts have been established, and more than 1.5 billion yuan in subsidies are distributed annually. The people have eaten ecological meals and embarked on the road to prosperity in ecological construction.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, Tibet has adhered to the path of high-quality development and entered a new era of the best development, the greatest changes, and the most benefits for the people. The people of all ethnic groups have a greater sense of gain, more sustainable happiness, and more guaranteed security.

Uniting people's hearts and jointly creating a better future for the snowy plateau.

"The 56 ethnic groups are like pomegranate seeds, and the Chinese nation is the whole pomegranate. We are a community of the Chinese nation, and we must work together to move towards the second centenary goal."

Barkhor Street (八廓街), a well-known tourist destination in Lhasa, has rows of shops along the street, and tourists come and go shoulder to shoulder.

In July 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping came to Barkhor Street, entered a specialty store, and inquired about the development of the tourism and cultural and creative industries and the inheritance and protection of Tibetan culture. People of all ethnic groups greeted the General Secretary. The General Secretary waved to everyone.

General Secretary Xi Jinping said with emotion: "The millennium-old Barkhor Street is a Barkhor Street built by all our ethnic groups." "Our Chinese nation's big family is living happily together here."

Consolidating the sense of community of the Chinese nation is the main line of the Party's ethnic work in the new era, and it is also the main line of all work in ethnic areas. General Secretary Xi Jinping earnestly and affectionately urged the promotion of consolidating the sense of community of the Chinese nation on many occasions——

"The focus and emphasis of Tibetan affairs must be placed on safeguarding the unity of the motherland and strengthening ethnic unity";

"The 56 ethnic groups are like pomegranate seeds, and the Chinese nation is the whole pomegranate. We are a community of the Chinese nation, and we must work together to move towards the second centenary goal";

"We must strengthen ethnic exchanges, interactions, and integration, and continuously enhance the recognition of the people of all ethnic groups of the great motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the Communist Party of China, and socialism with Chinese characteristics, and lay a solid ideological foundation for ethnic unity";

…………
Putting forward the creation of a model area for national unity and progress in the form of local legislation, designating September each year as the autonomous region's "National Unity and Progress Publicity Month," bringing national unity education into classrooms of all types and levels of schools, and vigorously commending model collectives and model individuals for national unity and progress... Today, all ethnic groups in Tibet are tightly united like pomegranate seeds, opening a new chapter in exchanges, interactions, and integration, continuously strengthening the sense of community of the Chinese nation, and gathering an inexhaustible driving force for common unity and struggle, and common prosperity and development.

With the same origin, the affection is deeper than the sea. For the difficulties encountered in Tibet, from the central government to the local governments, all provide full support and warm care.

On January 7 this year, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake occurred in Tingri County (定日县), Shigatse City (日喀则市), causing significant casualties and the collapse of a large number of houses. After the earthquake, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) attached great importance to it and made important instructions, pointing out that all efforts should be made to search for and rescue people, treat the injured, minimize casualties, prevent secondary disasters, properly resettle the affected people, and do a good job in the aftermath. On January 9, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting to study and deploy the earthquake relief work in Tingri (定日), Tibet.

Today, in Senga Village (森嘎村), Tingri County (定日县), under the sunshine, rows of brand-new houses are scattered, the roads are clean and tidy, and the villagers' faces are filled with happy smiles. "I didn't expect to be able to move into a new home so quickly after the earthquake. The new home is spacious and bright, and everyone is very satisfied," said villager Losang (洛桑).

Tibet was jointly developed by all ethnic groups, and the history of Tibet was jointly written by all ethnic groups. The common unity and progress, and common prosperity and development of all ethnic groups are the lifeblood, strength, and hope of the Chinese nation.

Walking into Pengcang Village (彭仓村), Bazha Township (巴扎乡), Bailang County (白朗县), what comes into view is a series of greenhouses: the greenhouses are full of vitality, and rows of fruits and vegetables are growing gratifyingly.

Bailang County (白朗县) is located on the plateau, with abundant sunshine and extreme temperature differences between day and night. In 1995, the first batch of Shandong (山东) aid-Tibet cadres keenly noticed this natural advantage and tried to develop the vegetable industry in Bailang (白朗), sowing the seeds of hope here. Over the past 30 years, batches of aid-Tibet cadres have 咬定青山不放松 (yǎo dìng qīng shān bù fàng sōng - "bite the green hills and not relax," to remain steadfast and determined) and worked with local cadres and the masses to build Bailang (白朗) into a fragrant land of fruits and vegetables on the plateau.

General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "The central government's support for Tibet and the whole country's support for Tibet is a consistent policy of the Party Central Committee, which must be adhered to for a long time. We must carefully summarize experience and create a new situation in aid-Tibet work."

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, counterpart assistance to Tibet has not only injected strong vitality into Tibet's high-quality development, but has also become a carrier for exchanges, interactions, and integration among all ethnic groups, playing a strong note of national unity.

In the work of counterpart assistance to Tibet, people of all ethnic groups have forged deep friendships and continuously sown the seeds of national unity. All ethnic groups live in harmony, love each other, and form a strong spiritual bond of unity and progress. The economic, social, and political foundations for strengthening the sense of community of the Chinese nation are continuously consolidated.

"The spirit of aiding Tibet is a noble spirit of the Communist Party of China and a significant advantage of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Lack of oxygen does not mean lack of spirit. This spirit is that revolutionary ideals are higher than the sky." On July 23, 2021, these earnest instructions from General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) when he met with representatives of aid-Tibet cadres in Lhasa (拉萨) were deeply imprinted in the mind of Xu Po (徐坡), the then Executive Deputy Secretary of the Zhongba County (仲巴县) Party Committee.

Under the care and encouragement of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), the vast number of Party members and cadres in Tibet, despite the lack of oxygen, do not lack spirit, and despite the hardship, are not afraid of hardship, and with a higher altitude, have a higher realm. Batch after batch of aid-Tibet cadres and talents from all over the country are full of enthusiasm and continue to struggle, running the aid-Tibet "relay race" well, and interpreting their mission and glory with practical actions.

The continuous development of the snowy plateau cannot be separated from the warm care of the big family of the motherland. Safeguarding the sacred territory and building a happy homeland cannot be separated from the concerted efforts and unity of the Chinese sons and daughters.

"Home is Yumai (玉麦), the country is China (中国)," this is a sentence that Zhuoga (卓嘎), the former head of Yumai Township (玉麦乡), Longzi County (隆子县), keeps in mind.

Yumai Township (玉麦乡) is located on the southern slope of the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉), with harsh natural conditions. More than 30 years ago, the young Zhuoga (卓嘎) inherited her father's belief and guarded thousands of square kilometers of territory for decades by means of grazing and patrolling.

"On the border plateau at an altitude of more than 3,600 meters, where heavy snow seals the mountains for more than half a year, your father and daughter have silently guarded the territory of the motherland for decades. This spirit is admirable." In October 2017, Zhuoga (卓嘎) and Yangzong (央宗) sisters received this enthusiastic letter from General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平).

In 2021, Zhuoga (卓嘎) came to the Golden Hall of the Great Hall of the People and received the "July 1st Medal" awarded by the General Secretary. Recalling the scene of that day, Zhuoga (卓嘎) was still very excited: "Now that all kinds of conditions are getting better, we must take root in the snowy plateau like Gesang flowers (格桑花) and be the guardians of the sacred territory and the builders of a happy homeland."

Thousands of mountains stand tall, and the vast snow-capped mountains of the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉) have witnessed the vicissitudes of the snowy plateau's profound history;

Ten thousand rivers are surging, and the roaring Fuxing (复兴) high-speed train on the banks of the Yarlung Zangbo River (雅鲁藏布江) demonstrates Tibet's surging momentum.

"As long as we follow the Communist Party of China, firmly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, work together with one heart, and strengthen national unity, we will definitely be able to achieve the second centenary goal as scheduled and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." Standing at a new historical starting point, the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet are uniting and moving forward in high spirits in accordance with the grand blueprint drawn by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), and working together for a happier and better tomorrow.

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Consolidate and expand the momentum of economic recovery and improvement, and strive to achieve the goals and tasks of economic and social development for the whole year.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 18th (北京) - Premier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) presided over the ninth plenary meeting of the State Council on August 18th, to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech on the current economic situation and economic work. He emphasized the need to effectively unify thought and action with the Party Central Committee's scientific judgment and decisions on the situation, consolidate and expand the momentum of economic recovery, and strive to achieve the annual economic and social development goals and tasks.

Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that since the beginning of this year, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, all parties have worked together and overcome difficulties. China's (中国) economy has been operating steadily and making new achievements in high-quality development. We must adhere to a comprehensive and dialectical understanding of the economic situation, not only seeing the hard-won development achievements and the strong resilience and vitality of China's (中国) economy, further strengthening confidence, but also seeing the risks and challenges facing economic operation and the severe complexity of the external environment. We must always maintain calm and clarity, actively respond to various uncertainties, make great efforts to grasp the certain things, implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, and strive for the best results with concrete actions.

Li Qiang (李强) emphasized the need to further improve the effectiveness of macroeconomic policy implementation, deeply assess the implementation of policies, enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of policies, respond to market concerns in a timely manner, and stabilize market expectations. We must seize key points to strengthen the domestic circulation, and use the inherent stability and long-term growth of the domestic circulation to hedge against the uncertainty of the international circulation. Continue to stimulate consumption potential, systematically clean up restrictive measures in the consumption field, and accelerate the cultivation and expansion of new growth points such as service consumption and new types of consumption. Increase efforts to expand effective investment, give play to the leading role of major projects, adapt to changes in demand and invest more in people and serve people's livelihoods, and actively promote private investment. Deepen the construction of a unified national market in all respects, and continuously release the super-large-scale market dividend. Take strong measures to consolidate the trend of stabilizing and recovering the real estate market, promote the renovation of urban villages and dilapidated houses in conjunction with urban renewal, and release demand for improvement through various means. We must enhance the driving force for development through deepening reform and opening up, promote the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, and stimulate the innovation and creativity of various business entities. Unswervingly expand high-level opening up to the outside world, orderly expand independent opening up and unilateral opening up, and innovate the development of digital trade and service trade. We must stabilize employment and ensure people's livelihoods with greater efforts, broaden channels for employment and income increase, focus on people's concerns to improve people's livelihood services, further strengthen disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief, and safety production supervision, and ensure overall social stability.

Li Qiang (李强) emphasized that all regions and departments should continue to strengthen the construction of administrative efficiency, and continuously optimize government supervision and services with "handling one thing efficiently" as the starting point, creating more favorable conditions for the masses to handle affairs and for enterprises to operate. We must innovate our thinking, improve our skills, and enhance our ability to adapt to new situations and solve new problems. We must adhere to seeking truth from facts, work hard in a down-to-earth manner, and comprehensively improve the overall level of government work.

Members of the plenary meeting of the State Council attended the meeting, and heads of relevant departments and units attended the meeting as nonvoting delegates. The main leaders of the governments of all provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团) attended the meeting locally in video form.

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Practicing the "Two Mountains" Theory to Keep Rivers and Lakes Clear and Clean

By: 本报记者 寇江泽

"Yangxi River has become clear, and Erhai Lake is becoming more and more beautiful," "The Huangxiao River in front of my house is getting more and more beautiful," "The clear Wanquan River is back again"...

This year marks the 20th anniversary of the "Two Mountains" concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." Some time ago, this newspaper launched the "There is a River in Front of My House" image collection and integrated report, and everyone posted beautiful rivers and lakes and happy rivers and lakes in front of their homes, telling moving stories of "harmony between man and water." The "beautiful photos" of rivers and lakes and the pleasant scenery tell the story of the people's increasing sense of gain, happiness, and security.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has focused on the overall situation of ecological civilization construction, coordinated the management of water resources, water environment, and water ecology, thoroughly promoted the battle to protect clear waters, and planned and implemented the national "river strategy." Landmark battles such as the protection and restoration of the Yangtze River and the treatment of urban black and odorous water bodies have been fully advanced, and the river and lake chief system has been fully implemented. The quality of China's water ecological environment has continued to improve, and historical, transformative, and comprehensive changes have taken place in water ecological and environmental protection, becoming one of the landmark achievements of ecological civilization construction. In 2024, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality in the country's surface water exceeded 90% for the first time.

From a river's "diary" to the stories of countless rivers—

Continuing to thoroughly fight the battle to protect clear waters, the quality of the water ecological environment continues to improve

Hu Fuqing, a folk river chief in Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江), who has accumulated 21 river patrol diaries in 10 years, has moved people with his story of patrolling and protecting the river. A stack of yellowed paper records the transformation of the Xinkai River from turbid to clear.

The change of clear water reflects the governance of China. What has changed is more than just the Xinkai River.

In Xinjian District (新建区), Nanchang (南昌), Jiangxi (江西), the Wusha River meanders. After dinner, Hu Meifeng, a resident of Longzhu Community (龙珠社区) in Changleng Street (长堎街道), came to the bank of the Wusha River with her family.

The beautiful scenery in front of them makes it hard to imagine that the Wusha River used to be full of garbage and sewage. "In the past, when the weather was hot, the Wusha River would emit a stench, and we had to cover our mouths and noses when we got close," Hu Meifeng recalled. Originating from the Meiling Mountains (梅岭山脉), the Wusha River is a tributary of the Gan River (赣江). More than 10 years ago, the riverbed of the Wusha River was piled with garbage, and domestic sewage was directly discharged from the banks, causing serious water pollution.

A good ecological environment is the most inclusive benefit for the people's livelihood. Xinjian District started with the things that the people were concerned about and carried out systematic整治 of rivers and lakes, and thoroughly "decontaminated" the Wusha River. The local area implemented more than 20,000 meters of rainwater and sewage diversion pipe network改造, completed 500,000 cubic meters of dredging, planted 30,000 square meters of aquatic plants, and unblocked the riverside步道.

"The clear Wusha River is really back!" Hu Meifeng said that in the past, she would绕着走, but now she walks along the river and takes tens of thousands of steps every day to exercise.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, "water" has been one of the themes that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has seen and thought about the most. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "We should coordinate the management of water resources, water environment, and water ecology, and thoroughly promote the protection and management of major rivers and lakes such as the Yangtze River and the Yellow River."

Since the new era, all regions and departments have continued to thoroughly fight the battle to protect clear waters, and the quality of the national water ecological environment has continued to improve.

The water quality of major rivers and lakes has improved.

The "investigation, measurement, tracing, and treatment" of sewage outlets has been fully carried out, and a total of more than 330,000 sewage outlets into rivers and 63,000 sewage outlets into the sea have been investigated. The completion rates of整治 in the seven major river basins and key bays have reached 90% and 93.1% respectively. The special action for water pollution整治 in industrial parks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the provinces (regions) along the Yellow River has been thoroughly implemented, and a total of more than 2,200 related problems have been solved. As of 2024, the water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River has remained stable at Class II for five consecutive years, and the water quality of the main stream of the Yellow River has remained stable at Class II for three consecutive years. The Yangtze River and the Yellow River have been rejuvenated. Among the 210 key lakes (reservoirs), the number of lakes and reservoirs with excellent water quality accounted for 77.1%. The water quality of Taihu Lake (太湖) has reached the best level since monitoring data became available.

Black and odorous water bodies are being eliminated at an accelerated pace.

During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, 99,000 kilometers of new sewage pipe networks were built in cities at the prefecture level and above, and the daily sewage treatment capacity was increased by 40.88 million tons, making up for the shortcomings in urban sewage collection and treatment facilities. As of the end of 2024, black and odorous water bodies in cities at the prefecture level and above have been basically eliminated, and the elimination rate of black and odorous water bodies in county-level cities has exceeded 80%. The "臭水沟" of the past have become beautiful风景线.

Drinking water safety is better guaranteed.

Since the "13th Five-Year Plan," China has thoroughly carried out special actions for the environmental protection of centralized drinking water sources, and has completed the整治 of 10,363 problems in 2,804 county-level and above water sources, effectively improving the drinking water safety保障 level of 770 million residents. A total of 19,800 township-level drinking water source protection zones have been delineated. More than 1,300 urban water sources across the country have been included in the assessment of the effectiveness of the pollution prevention and control campaign. Local governments have taken comprehensive measures such as pollution prevention and control, source replacement, and deep treatment of water plants to build a solid defense line for drinking water safety.

From major rivers and lakes to small ditches and streams, from drinking water sources to lakes and wetlands, controlling sources and截污, restoring ecology, and eliminating hidden dangers, the battle to protect clear waters is continuing to move forward. Compared with 10 years ago, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality in the country's surface water has increased from 64.1% to 90.4%, exceeding 90% for the first time. In the first half of this year, the quality of the national water ecological environment continued to improve.

Ma Jun (马军), director of the Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, an environmental protection social organization, who was hired by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment as a special ecological and environmental observer, said with deep感触: "On the Blue Map mobile application we developed, the public used to report pollution problems, but now they are晒碧水. The rivers and lakes around them have regained their vitality, and the景象 of clear water, green banks, and fish swimming in the shallows is increasing."

From fragmented governance to systematic governance—

Strengthening the systematic governance, comprehensive governance, and coordinated governance of the ecological environment of major rivers and lakes

Ecological and environmental governance is a systematic project that requires comprehensive consideration of the complexity of environmental factors, the integrity of ecosystems, the continuity of natural geographical units, and the sustainability of economic and social development. Rivers are closely related to our lives. They are not only the foundation of human survival, but also an important part of the Earth's ecosystem, affecting the balance and stability of the entire ecosystem.

"In the past, our thinking on water environment governance was 'emphasizing end-of-pipe treatment and neglecting source prevention and control,' and it was also easy to have the phenomenon of '**头痛医头，脚痛医脚**' (tóu tòng yī tóu, jiǎo tòng yī jiǎo - "treat the head when the head aches, treat the foot when the foot hurts," to treat the symptoms but not the root cause), and we did not regard the流域 as a whole. In fact, many water environment problems are rooted on the shore," said Wang Jinnan (王金南), an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and a researcher at the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.

"Adhere to the integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands," "Strengthen the systematic governance, comprehensive governance, and coordinated governance of the ecological environment of major rivers and lakes"... General Secretary Xi Jinping's systematic concept has pointed out the direction for river and lake governance in the new era.

In Baiyangdian (白洋淀), Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), Hebei (河北), bird protection volunteer Han Zhanqiao (韩战桥) goes to Baiyangdian to patrol every day after work, carrying a camera and riding a motorcycle. "Look, this is a Baer's pochard, this is a Reed Parrotbill," Han Zhanqiao showed the photos he took, "Birds are the barometer of the ecological environment. More and more birds are settling in Baiyangdian, which shows that the ecology here is getting better and better."

Baiyangdian is the largest freshwater wetland ecosystem in the North China Plain, and is known as the "Pearl of North China." The ecological restoration and governance of Baiyangdian is an important part of the planning and construction of Xiong'an New Area.

The local area adheres to systematic governance. In terms of external source control, it reduces imported pollution and builds functional wetlands at the river mouths of the rivers entering the淀, such as the Fuhe River (府河) and the Xiaoyi River (孝义河), and bans illegal sewage outlets into the river and into the淀; in terms of internal source governance, it carries out ecological dredging, and all aquaculture farms and large-scale livestock and poultry farms in the淀 area have withdrawn.

"Today's Baiyangdian is very different. The water quality has risen from worse than Class V to Class III, and has remained stable at Class III since 2021, entering the ranks of good lakes, and the 'Pearl of North China' has regained its glory," said Liu Dongmei (刘冬梅), director of the Anxin County (安新县) Environmental Monitoring Station in Xiong'an New Area.

The relevant负责人 of the Xiong'an New Area Ecology and Environment Bureau said that in the next step, the water system connection project will be further implemented in Baiyangdian, the ecological water replenishment work will be continued, biodiversity protection will be strengthened, and the ecological function of Baiyangdian will be further improved.

Adhering to the integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands, there are many such cases in the beautiful rivers and lakes selected by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.

In Hunan (湖南), in the Linxiang (临湘) section of the Yangtze River, the shoreline is lush with vegetation, and tourists linger among the green shaded步道. A few years ago, this land had long been surrounded by chemical enterprises. Since 2020, Linxiang, Hunan has promoted the withdrawal of 22 chemical enterprises from within 1 kilometer along the river, breaking the困 of "chemical encirclement of the river." At the same time, Linxiang has built a new green chemical industry park to transfer and undertake high-tech enterprises with advanced technology, low pollution, and good market prospects that have withdrawn along the river, and has introduced a number of new chemical material projects to settle down, realizing technological upgrading and product quality improvement.

In Dongping (东平), Shandong (山东), on the basis of the ecological整治 of Dongping Lake (东平湖), the development of the ecological tourism industry is accelerated, and a number of influential scenic spots and tourist routes are launched. Since its opening, Dasong Never-Night City (大宋不夜城) has received more than 6 million tourists. The rise of the tourism industry has driven the development of catering,民宿 and other business formats. Ren Jun (任君), a catering practitioner, opened a特色 hot pot restaurant near the scenic spot. "We can receive five or six hundred people a day during the holidays. When there are many people, we have to add tables temporarily. Life is getting better and better."

Coordinating the promotion of high-level protection and high-quality development, exploring and innovating the path to realize the value of ecological products, more and more river and lake流域 are "flowing with gold and silver," and ecological advantages are transformed into a continuous stream of development advantages, 厚植 the green底色 of high-quality development.

From "total amount control" to "quality management"—

Realizing the coordination of economic and social development and population, resources, and environment in river and lake流域

In Dali (大理), Yunnan (云南), the Erhai (洱海) sea cabbage flowers are in full bloom. The local area has formulated and implemented the Erhai Protection and Management Regulations, and implemented engineering measures such as环湖截污, so that urban and rural domestic sewage in the Erhai流域 can be systematically treated. Today, the transparency of the Erhai Lake body exceeds two meters, and the water quality assessment has been "excellent" for many consecutive years, creating conditions for the restoration of aquatic vegetation such as sea cabbage flowers.

The birds in the sky, the flowers on the lake, the grass in the water, and the fish and shrimp playing in the grass, Erhai has become a paradise for biological habitat.

Entering the new era, water environment governance has shifted from "total amount control" to "quality management," no longer staying at emission reduction and emission standards, but moving towards the goal of "having rivers and water, having fish and grass, and harmony between man and water," directly taking the degree of water quality improvement as the assessment standard, and taking the effect of environmental quality improvement as the key. Coordinating resources in various fields, gathering forces from all parties to manage and protect water, and playing a good "combined拳" of the rule of law, the market, science and technology, and policy.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the ecological and environmental field has successively formulated and revised a number of water-related laws and regulations, such as the Environmental Protection Law, the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, the Yangtze River Protection Law, and the Wetland Protection Law. The legal保障 is more powerful.

Clarify river and lake chiefs. China has comprehensively established and improved the river and lake chief system, with 1.2 million river and lake chiefs at the five levels of province, city, county, township, and village taking office, and folk river chiefs and volunteers fully participating, so that every river and every lake has someone to manage and protect.

Coordinate upstream and downstream. The ecological protection compensation system has been established and improved, stimulating the endogenous动力 of守绿护水. Twenty-four provinces such as Anhui (安徽) and Zhejiang (浙江) have explored and carried out horizontal ecological protection compensation for upstream and downstream across provinces in流域 (river sections) such as the Xin'an River (新安江) and the Chishui River (赤水河), and a good situation of coordinated governance between upstream and downstream, left and right banks is forming.

In May of this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and other departments jointly issued the "Beautiful Rivers and Lakes Protection and Construction Action Plan (2025-2027)," proposing to vigorously promote the protection and construction of beautiful rivers and lakes, improve the health level of river and lake ecosystems, and support high-quality development with high-level protection. This is another comprehensive deployment for water ecological and environmental protection after the "Water Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan," which is of里程碑 significance.

At present, the emission reduction dividend effect of end-of-pipe treatment in China is gradually weakening, and strengthening source prevention and control and promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of industries have gradually become the fundamental策 to further reduce pollutant emissions and improve the quality of the ecological environment.

"We must resolutely abandon the development model that destroys the ecological environment, vigorously promote the green and low-carbon transformation of production methods and lifestyles, promote ecological industrialization and industrial ecology, adhere to protection in development and development in protection, and realize the coordination of economic and social development and population, resources, and environment in river and lake流域," said Wang Jinnan.

Walking in Ulansuhai (乌梁素海), there are many more migratory birds than in previous years. Bayannur (巴彦淖尔), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), has transformed from simply "治理湖泊" to systematically "治理流域," and the water quality of Ulansuhai has continued to improve, and biodiversity has continued to increase. At the same time, the development of tourism and the promotion of reed resource utilization have反哺 the governance and protection of Ulansuhai, realizing a win-win situation for ecological and economic benefits.

"'Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets,' this is actually增值的." Adhering to Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization as a guide, unswervingly following the path of ecological priority and green development, comprehensively promoting the protection and construction of beautiful rivers and lakes, and supporting high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment, beautiful pictures of harmony between man and water will continue to be displayed on the land of China, and rivers that benefit all things and benefit the people will flow endlessly.

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What further measures can be taken to continuously boost consumption? (Policy Q&A: Addressing Concerns)

By: 本报记者 王 珂

Reader Concerns

Recently, I traded in my old car for a new one, and the trade-in subsidy saved me a lot of money. What other policies are in place to make consumption more affordable and secure?

Increasing support for consumer goods trade-ins is one of the key tasks of the special action to boost consumption. The Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央政治局) meeting held on July 30 pointed out: "Deepen the implementation of special actions to boost consumption."

This year, China has allocated 300 billion yuan in ultra-long-term special treasury bonds to support the expansion of consumer goods trade-ins, doubling the amount of funds compared to last year. In the first half of the year, the effectiveness of trade-ins continued to emerge. The retail sales of household appliances and audio-visual equipment, and furniture by units above the designated size increased by 30.7% and 22.9% year-on-year, respectively, and the retail sales of passenger cars increased by 10.8% year-on-year. Products such as robotic vacuum cleaners, smart door locks, and wearable devices have entered thousands of households.

"We will continue to strengthen overall coordination with various regions and relevant departments, optimize work processes, improve service quality, and continuously improve the quality and efficiency of consumer goods trade-in work," said a relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce (商务部). On the one hand, we will continue to optimize convenient services, further improve the relevant functions of the automobile trade-in system, and continuously improve the efficiency of review. At the same time, we will guide various regions to further simplify procedures, so that subsidy funds can reach consumers more efficiently and conveniently; on the other hand, we will prevent policy risks. In response to public concerns about false transactions, repeated applications, and multiple sales of one machine, we will use iterative upgrades to the system to conduct real-time monitoring and interception using information technology. At the same time, we will unblock supervision and reporting channels, and work with relevant departments to guide local authorities to investigate and deal with them in a timely manner, and resolutely maintain market order.

The "Special Action Plan for Boosting Consumption" issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中办) and the General Office of the State Council (国办) proposed: "Improve urban and rural consumption facilities." In the first half of this year, China's urban and rural markets developed together, and the proportion of county and township markets steadily increased. Business big data shows that from January to June, the national rural online retail sales increased by 6.2% year-on-year; the online retail sales of agricultural products increased by 7.0% year-on-year. Further improving the urban and rural commercial circulation system and enhancing the vitality of county and township markets play an important role in expanding consumption.

A relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce (商务部) stated that they will continue to improve the county commercial network with county towns as the center, townships as the focus, and villages as the foundation, deepen the construction of the county commercial system, optimize the county consumption environment, and basically achieve that every county in qualified areas has chain supermarkets and logistics distribution centers, townships have commercial centers, and every village has access to express delivery. At the same time, we will promote the "Thousand Markets and Ten Thousand Stores" renovation, support the upgrading of township fairs (agricultural) trade markets and commercial centers, and promote key brand chain enterprises to accelerate their sinking into county markets.

In addition, we will deeply implement the high-quality development project of rural e-commerce, guide large e-commerce platform enterprises to sink, expand rural e-commerce application scenarios, expand the scale of joint distribution of rural logistics, promote the integration of rural e-commerce and the real economy, and promote farmers' income increase and rural consumption.

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Photo Report

Jinping County (锦屏县), Guizhou Province (贵州省), welcomes the harvest season. Local villagers take advantage of the sunny weather to dry agricultural products such as peppers and corn. The areas in front of and behind houses present a colorful scene of harvest.

Li Bixiang (李必祥) Photo (Image China)

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Introduction

Theory

Six Words to Understand the Practical Power of the "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" Concept

Ninth Edition

The New Era Picture Scroll

Fulfilling Holidays, Colorful Life

Eighth Edition

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Transcending Six Decades, Pursuing Dreams Towards the Future

By: 新华社记者

This year marks the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区). Sixty years of weathering the wind and rain, sixty years of renewal.

For the past 60 years, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏) have actively participated in the management of national and local affairs as masters of their own affairs, fully exercised the autonomous rights granted by the Constitution and laws, achieved leapfrog development in Tibet's economic and social development, and profoundly changed the backwardness of the plateau.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has deepened its understanding of the laws governing Tibet work, summarized the successful experience of the Party in leading the people to govern, stabilize, and enrich Tibet, and formed the Party's strategy for governing Tibet in the new era. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Tibet has entered a historical period of best development, greatest changes, and most benefits for the people. In the new era, Tibet is politically stable, ethnically united, economically developed, socially harmonious, religiously harmonious, environmentally friendly, and its people live and work in peace and contentment, presenting a prosperous and vibrant scene.

Realizing the All-Round Development of People

Nima (尼玛), 73 years old, is a villager in Tulin Village (土林村), Quxia Township (曲下镇), Lazi County (拉孜县), Shigatse City (日喀则市). Before 1959, he and his mother wandered around. It was not until the democratic reforms that his tragic fate ended. Now, his family has everything from tractors to cars. "Life is getting better and better. Compared with the old society, it's like a dream," Nima (尼玛) said.

In the democratic reform wave that began in 1959, millions of serfs like Nima (尼玛) were liberated. On September 1, 1965, the first session of the First People's Congress of the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区) opened. There were 301 delegates to the conference, including 242 delegates from the Tibetan (藏族) and other ethnic minorities, accounting for more than 80% of the total number of delegates. The vast majority of them were emancipated serfs.

Since then, the social status of the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏) as masters of their own affairs has been established, and they have enjoyed extensive and real rights in politics.

At present, among the more than 42,000 representatives to the people's congresses at four levels in Tibet (西藏), the Tibetan (藏族) and other ethnic minorities account for 89.2%, and the sons and daughters of all ethnic groups on the snowy plateau exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law.

Luosang Gongbu (洛桑贡布), 76 years old, was born as a serf. In his childhood, he and his parents lived a life of lack of food and clothing, suffering from hunger and cold. After the democratic reform, he became a student at Lhasa No. 1 Primary School (拉萨市第一小学) and received cultural and knowledge education. After completing his studies, Luosang Gongbu (洛桑贡布) successively served as director of the neighborhood committee, chairman of the Chengguan District Federation of Industry and Commerce (城关区工商联), director of the Chengguan District Bureau of Commerce (城关区商务局), and member of the Lhasa Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (拉萨市政协委员), growing from a serf to a state cadre.

Zhang Shigao (张诗高), director of the Institute of Contemporary Studies at the China Tibetology Research Center (中国藏学研究中心), said that the all-round development of people has become the most significant feature of Tibet's modernization process, which is reflected in the transformation of the people of all ethnic groups from "enslaved tools" to "masters who control their own destiny."

As of 2024, there are 3,618 schools of various types and levels in Tibet (西藏), with a total of 970,000 students, accounting for more than 1/4 of the total population of Tibet (西藏). The seventh national census data shows that the number of people with a university education per 100,000 people in Tibet (西藏) increased from 5,507 in 2010 to 11,019 in 2020.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the cordial care of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core and the strong support of the people of the whole country, Tibet (西藏) has adhered to the people-centered development ideology, placed the all-round development of people in an important position, and continued to exert efforts in many fields such as education, medical care, and employment, so that the people of all ethnic groups can share the fruits of development on this plateau.

People of All Ethnic Groups Share the Fruits of Reform and Development

The Barkhor Street (八廓街) in Lhasa (拉萨) is crowded with people and lined with shops. In an ancient building courtyard, the Zhuobanlin Handicraft Shop (卓番林手工艺品店) attracts many tourists. The shop's backpacks, ornaments, blankets and other plateau-characteristic handmade woven products have become a beautiful landscape. The shop owner, Zhuoma (卓玛), introduced that the products are produced in Nyingchi (林芝), Shigatse (日喀则) and other places, and are handmade by local women. To date, the handicraft shop has developed more than 300 kinds of ethnic handicraft products, driving many villagers to transform from farmers and herdsmen to craftsmen.

After the establishment of the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区), the sons and daughters of all ethnic groups devoted themselves to the cause of socialist construction as masters of their own affairs. In particular, the Party Central Committee has successively convened seven Tibet Work Symposiums, formulated and adopted a series of special preferential policies and flexible measures, which have greatly mobilized the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of cadres and the masses of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏) to build a beautiful home, and greatly promoted the all-round progress and historic achievements of various undertakings in Tibet (西藏).

In 1954, the Sichuan-Tibet (川藏) and Qinghai-Tibet (青藏) highways were completed and opened to traffic, creating a miracle in the history of human highway construction. Today, Tibet (西藏) has initially established a comprehensive three-dimensional transportation network covering highways, railways, and aviation. The total mileage of highways in Tibet (西藏) has reached 124,900 kilometers, the road accessibility rate of all townships and established villages has reached 100%, 183 international and domestic air routes have been opened, and the Lhasa-Nyingchi section of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway (川藏铁路拉林段) has been completed and opened to traffic.

Lada (拉达), a 45-year-old herdsman from Bange County (班戈县), Nagqu City (那曲市), established a construction and transportation company during the expansion of the Tibet (西藏) highway network. Today, the annual revenue of the two companies has exceeded 10 million yuan, driving the employment of hundreds of people. "I plan to expand my business to Ali (阿里) and other places to drive more farmers and herdsmen to increase their income and become rich," Lada (拉达) said.

Over the past 60 years, the scale of economic development in Tibet (西藏) has continued to expand, and the quality and efficiency of development have been significantly improved. In the 60-year development process, it took Tibet (西藏) 50 years to reach the first 100 billion yuan in regional GDP, while it took only 6 years to reach the second 100 billion yuan, and it is currently moving towards the third 100 billion yuan goal.

At present, Tibet's (西藏) clean energy, cultural tourism, green industry and other nine major industries are booming, a modern industrial system has been initially established, and the growth rate of major economic indicators has ranked among the top in the country for many consecutive years. In 2024, Tibet's (西藏) regional GDP reached 276.5 billion yuan, calculated at constant prices, which is 155 times that of 1965, with an average annual growth of 8.9%; the per capita disposable income of urban residents in Tibet (西藏) reached 55,444 yuan, which is 121 times that of 1965; the per capita disposable income of rural residents reached 21,578 yuan, which is 199 times that of 1965.

Economic development has provided a solid material guarantee for improving people's livelihood and meeting their aspirations for a better life.

Data shows that Tibet (西藏) has built 80 centralized support centers for people in extreme poverty, providing centralized support for 5,825 people; basically built a five-level health service network, with a total of 7,231 medical and health institutions and 21,551 beds; achieved 5G network access to all townships and 70% of administrative villages; the per capita housing construction area of rural residents reached 41.32 square meters...

Today's Tibet (西藏) has painted a picture of the times centered on the people: the people's living standards have been significantly improved, education has been given priority, the urban and rural public medical and health service system has been continuously improved, and a multi-level social security system has been basically established.

"The lives of the people of all ethnic groups have undergone earth-shaking changes from buckets to water pipes, oil lamps to electric lights, dirt roads to asphalt roads, and yurts to buildings," said a relevant person in charge of the People's Government of the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区人民政府). "Tibet (西藏) has taken on a new look, and the people of all ethnic groups share the fruits of reform and development."

Adhere to Ecological Priority and Green Development

In Lhasa Nanshan Park (拉萨南山公园), forest ranger Zhashi Qubai (扎西曲培) came to the monitoring room early and watched the mountain forest he had guarded for 13 years through dozens of monitoring screens. "More than 120 tree species such as Pinus tabuliformis, Pinus bungeana, and Platycladus orientalis grow here. The tree species originally planted have naturally reproduced into the second generation," Zhashi Qubai (扎西曲培) said.

In 2021, the Lhasa North-South Mountain Greening Project (拉萨南北山绿化工程), the largest afforestation construction project in Tibet (西藏), was launched, with a plan to complete 2.0672 million mu of afforestation in 10 years. After the completion of the project, the average annual increase in water storage will be about 49.8 million tons, the average annual carbon sequestration will be 229,100 tons, and the annual ecological value will be 1.485 billion yuan.

Today, in the midsummer season, the north and south mountains are lush with vegetation, and the ancient city of Lhasa (拉萨) is full of greenery. The people of Lhasa (拉萨) sincerely exclaimed: "The mountains have changed!"

Tibet (西藏), located on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原), known as the "Roof of the World" and the "Water Tower of Asia," is an important ecological security barrier in China. The Party Central Committee attaches great importance to ecological environmental protection in Tibet (西藏). Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the guidance of Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization, Tibet (西藏) has adhered to ecological priority and protection first, accelerated the construction of a beautiful Tibet (西藏), and strived to create a national ecological civilization highland.

In order to effectively protect the ecology of the third pole of the earth, the central government and the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区) have formulated and implemented a series of ecological environmental protection and construction plans. At present, Tibet (西藏) has included more than 600,000 square kilometers of land into the ecological protection red line, accounting for more than 50% of the total land area of the region; established 47 various types of nature reserves, with a total area of 412,200 square kilometers. In 2024, the ecological environment quality of Tibet (西藏) remained good, and the proportion of major rivers and lakes with water quality reaching or exceeding Class III was 100%, and the compliance rate of drinking water source water quality was 100%.

A good ecology is the most inclusive livelihood and well-being. Zaxigang Village (扎西岗村) in Bayi District (巴宜区), Nyingchi City (林芝市) is built on a mountain, with Tibetan-style houses scattered in a well-organized manner. At present, more than 50 of the 67 households in Zaxigang Village (扎西岗村) have opened family hotels. The villagers earn a "tourism meal" by selling local specialties, providing food and accommodation, and riding horses and shooting loud arrows.

"By protecting the ecological environment, we also benefit from the green mountains and clear waters," said Baima Wangqing (白玛旺庆), a villager in Zaxigang (扎西岗). "Such good days are still long!"

Culture Empowers High-Quality Economic and Social Development

Walking into the Tibet Museum (西藏博物馆), the rich collection of treasures is dazzling. As the first museum in Tibet (西藏) with modern functions, it houses more than 500,000 cultural relics in 18 categories, including archaeological unearthed cultural relics, seals, Thangkas, ancient books, statues, porcelain, jade, and silk fabrics.

"They are witnesses to the history of Tibet (西藏) and have now become vivid teaching materials for cultural protection," said Zhang Tingru (张婷如), a tourist from Zhejiang. "It was a worthwhile trip to experience the splendid plateau culture up close here."

Over the past 60 years, the state has invested a lot of manpower, material resources, and financial resources in the protection, inheritance, and development of Tibet's (西藏) excellent traditional culture. From 2012 to 2024 alone, the central and Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区) finances have cumulatively invested 473 million yuan in special funds for the protection of representative projects of intangible cultural heritage in Tibet (西藏), the recording of national-level intangible cultural heritage representative inheritors, the carrying out of transmission activities, and the construction of protection and utilization facilities.

In the Ajiagesang Pulu Farmers Professional Cooperative (阿佳格桑氆氇农民专业合作社) in Gyangze County (江孜县), more than 10 new-style Pulu weaving machines are eye-catching. Gesang Zhuoma (格桑卓玛), the head of the cooperative, introduced: "The Gyangze Xie Ma Pulu weaving technique (江孜谐玛氆氇编织技艺) is a representative project of intangible cultural heritage, and many people here have mastered this technique."

In recent years, the cooperative has improved and upgraded the traditional techniques from design concepts to equipment operation and other links. The new products are soft and smooth, with a wide variety of patterns, and have opened up the international market and are sold to 12 countries and regions including France. "From Pulu, we can see that Tibet's (西藏) traditional culture has not only been protected and inherited, but also achieved innovative development," Gesang Zhuoma (格桑卓玛) said.

While actively inheriting and protecting the excellent traditional culture of the nation, Tibet (西藏) vigorously promotes the core socialist values, promotes the construction of a public cultural service system, prospers the cultural cause, develops the cultural industry, and better meets the new expectations of the people of all ethnic groups for spiritual and cultural life.

Data shows that since 2012, the state has cumulatively invested 4.89 billion yuan in public cultural construction in Tibet (西藏), basically forming a five-level public cultural facility network; public cultural institutions at all levels in Tibet (西藏) have carried out an average of more than 100,000 cultural benefit activities each year, benefiting nearly 15 million people.

Promote "culture to benefit the people" and promote "culture to revitalize the industry." Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," Tibet (西藏) has cumulatively implemented 20.16 billion yuan in funds for project construction in the fields of cultural tourism infrastructure, national park protection facilities, and historical town protection and upgrading, promoting the cultural industry to better empower high-quality economic and social development.

As of now, there are nearly 20,000 cultural tourism enterprises of various types in Tibet (西藏), with more than 100,000 employees. In 2024, the output value of the cultural industry in the region reached 11.144 billion yuan, an increase of 23.8% year-on-year.

Standing at a new starting point, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏) will unswervingly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, deeply practice the Party's strategy for governing Tibet in the new era, forge ahead bravely, pursue their dreams for the future, and will surely create a more glorious and splendid tomorrow.

(According to Xinhua News Agency, Lhasa (拉萨), August 18 (Reporters Bianba Ciren (边巴次仁), Chen Shangcai (陈尚才), and Li Jian (李键)))

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Writing a New Chapter of Lasting Peace, Stability, and High-Quality Development on the Snowy Plateau

By: 本报记者 李昌禹 刘博通

In August in Tibet (西藏), highland barley gradually ripens, and cattle and sheep are fattening. Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰) towers into the clouds, and the Yarlung Tsangpo River (雅鲁藏布江) rushes on, witnessing the great changes in the snowy plateau.

Tibet (西藏) is an important national security barrier and ecological security barrier for China, occupying an important position in the overall strategy of the Party and the country. In 1965, the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区) was formally established, and a new chapter was opened in the history of Tibet (西藏).

Sixty years span a thousand years. Over the past 60 years, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), Tibet (西藏) has achieved historic changes and created immortal miracles.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has attached great importance to the work in Tibet (西藏), cared about the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏), personally planned and arranged the work in Tibet (西藏) in the new era, delivered a series of important speeches and made a series of important instructions, personally planned and personally deployed the Sixth and Seventh Central Tibet Work Symposiums, established the Party's strategy for governing Tibet (治藏) in the new era, pointed out the direction for doing a good job in Tibet (西藏) in the new era, provided fundamental guidelines, and led all undertakings in Tibet (西藏) to achieve all-round progress and historic achievements.

With a broad and long-term perspective, the Party's strategy for governing Tibet (治藏) in the new era was clearly put forward.

"The Party's strategy for governing Tibet (治藏) in the new era is the fundamental guideline for doing a good job in Tibet (西藏), and it must be adhered to for a long time and fully implemented."

"The General Secretary replied!" This summer, Gala Village (嘎拉村) in Nyingchi Town (林芝镇), Bayi District (巴宜区), Nyingchi City (林芝市), Tibet (西藏) was full of joy and jubilation.

"I am glad to learn that there have been new changes in the village in the past few years and that the income of the villagers has increased." In this reply to all the villagers of Gala Village (嘎拉村), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) encouraged them to "earnestly safeguard ethnic unity and create a happier and better life."

Gala Village (嘎拉村), also known as "Peach Blossom Village (桃花村)," is famous for its wild peach blossoms all over the mountains. In July 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) visited Gala Village (嘎拉村) during his inspection in Tibet (西藏). The beautiful and tidy village and the warm and simple villagers left a deep impression on him.

Following the direction pointed out by the General Secretary, in recent years, the village has held peach blossom festivals, operated homestays, and built picking and planting gardens, and has continuously made new achievements in developing rural tourism, expanding the collective economy, and promoting ethnic unity. The villagers' lives are getting better and better.

"Looking at the Big Dipper, you won't get lost, and following the Communist Party will bring happiness. Everyone's development space is getting wider and wider, their pockets are bulging, and they are more motivated. We are grateful for the Party's good policies and will contribute to building a prosperous and stable border area of the motherland," said Bianba (边巴), Secretary of the Party Branch of Gala Village (嘎拉村).

Time is long, and affection is the same. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has always been concerned about this snowy plateau of Tibet (西藏) and the people of all ethnic groups living here.

As early as 1998, when Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平), then Deputy Secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee (福建省委), came to Tibet (西藏) to pick up and drop off aid-Tibet (援藏) cadres, his resounding words warmed the hearts of the cadres and people of Tibet (西藏): "The affairs of Nyingchi Prefecture (林芝地区) are the affairs of our province" and "We must send the best cadres, selecting the best from the good." In July 2011, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平), as a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局常委), Vice President of the State (国家副主席), and Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军委副主席), led a central delegation to attend the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the peaceful liberation of Tibet (西藏和平解放). Ten years later, on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the peaceful liberation of Tibet (西藏和平解放), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) once again came to the snowy plateau, going deep into rural areas, urban parks, railway hubs, religious venues, cultural blocks, etc., to visit and comfort cadres and people of all ethnic groups. As the General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央总书记), President of the State (国家主席), and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军委主席) to celebrate the peaceful liberation of Tibet (西藏和平解放) in Tibet (西藏), this was the first time in the history of the Party and the country. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "It is to express the support of the Party Central Committee for the work in Tibet (西藏) and the care for the cadres and people of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏)."

To govern the country, it is necessary to govern the border areas, and to govern the border areas, it is necessary to stabilize Tibet (藏).

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the situation and tasks facing the work in Tibet (西藏) have undergone profound changes. A series of major issues that need to be decided are testing the wisdom and courage of the Party Central Committee in governing the country and managing Tibet (西藏).

Based on profound thinking on the long-term stability and high-quality development of Tibet (西藏), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has taken a broad and long-term view, assessed the situation, and personally steered the course and planned the layout for the work in Tibet (西藏) from a strategic and overall perspective.

In March 2013, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) participated in the deliberation of the Tibet (西藏) delegation to the First Session of the 12th National People's Congress (十二届全国人大一次会议), emphasizing that "Tibet (西藏) is an important national security barrier and ecological security barrier for China, occupying an important position in the overall strategy of the Party and the country."

From presiding over the meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局会议) to study the work in Tibet (西藏), to making important instructions on "strengthening ethnic unity and building a beautiful Tibet (西藏)" and "building a beautiful and happy Tibet (西藏) and jointly realizing the dream of great rejuvenation"; from attending the tea party of ethnic minority representatives and members of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国两会), having cordial exchanges with comrades from Tibet (西藏), to sending congratulatory letters to the "2019 China Tibet Development Forum (中国西藏发展论坛)" and the "2023 China Tibet Development Forum (中国西藏发展论坛)"; from listening to special reports on the work in Tibet (西藏) for many times, to formulating a series of special preferential policies benefiting the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏)... General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has been thinking about it and has devoted a lot of effort to realizing the long-term development of Tibet (西藏).

In the process of promoting the modernization of the governance system and governance capacity of Tibet (西藏), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) attended the Sixth and Seventh Central Tibet Work Symposiums (中央西藏工作座谈会) and delivered important speeches, clearly putting forward the Party's strategy for governing Tibet (治藏) in the new era, emphasizing that "the Party's strategy for governing Tibet (治藏) in the new era is the fundamental guideline for doing a good job in Tibet (西藏), and it must be adhered to for a long time and fully implemented."

Based on the practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the actual work in Tibet (西藏), the Party's strategy for governing Tibet (治藏) in the new era profoundly reveals the inherent laws of the work in Tibet (西藏), scientifically answers a series of directional, overall, and strategic questions, and is a summary, refinement, and innovative development of the successful experience of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) in leading the people to govern, stabilize, and revitalize Tibet (西藏). It is a concentrated embodiment of Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era regarding the work in Tibet (西藏), and provides a fundamental guideline for doing a good job in Tibet (西藏).

In July 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) further emphasized during his inspection in Tibet (西藏): "It is necessary to fully implement the Party's strategy for governing Tibet (治藏) in the new era, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, base ourselves on the new development stage, fully and accurately implement the new development concept, serve and integrate into the new development pattern, promote high-quality development, strengthen the construction of border areas, grasp the four major tasks of stability, development, ecology, and strengthening the border, and continuously achieve new achievements in promoting ecological protection and sustainable development on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原), and strive to write a new chapter in the long-term stability and high-quality development of the snowy plateau."

Holding high the banner and setting the direction, the wind is fair and the sails are high.

Following the direction pointed out by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), cadres and people of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏) are united and working hard, solving many long-standing problems that have not been solved and accomplishing many major events that have not been accomplished in the past. All undertakings have achieved all-round progress and historic achievements.

Today's Tibet (西藏) is characterized by social stability, economic development, ethnic unity, religious harmony, good ecology, solid border defense, and people living and working in peace and contentment. From the northern Tibetan Plateau (藏北高原) to the Lhasa River (拉萨河), from the foot of Mount Everest (珠峰) to the banks of the Yarlung Tsangpo River (雅江), a scene of prosperity and vitality is everywhere.

Bearing in mind the earnest entrustment of the General Secretary, the sons and daughters of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏) are striving forward and forging ahead, striding forward towards accelerating the construction of a united, prosperous, civilized, harmonious, and beautiful socialist modern new Tibet (西藏).

Devoting efforts to promote the high-quality economic and social development of Tibet (西藏).

"We must adhere to the principle that all development should be given the meaning of ethnic unity and progress, should be given the meaning of improving people's livelihood and uniting people's hearts, and should be conducive to enhancing the sense of gain, happiness, and security of the people of all ethnic groups."

Starting from Zhamu Town (扎木镇), Bomi County (波密县), Nyingchi City (林芝市), crossing the continuous and dangerous mountains, and winding along the surging Yarlung Tsangpo River (雅鲁藏布江), the town of Medog County (墨脱县) in the high mountain valleys finally appears in front of you.

Baima Quzhen (白玛曲珍), a representative of Medog County (墨脱县) to the 12th National People's Congress (全国人大代表), still remembers vividly: During the 2013 National People's Congress (全国两会), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) asked with concern during his exchange with representatives of the Tibet (西藏) delegation: "Is the road to Medog (墨脱) open now?"

Medog County (墨脱县), located on the southern slope of the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉), was once known as the "plateau isolated island." On October 31, 2013, the Medog Highway (墨脱公路) was officially opened to traffic, and Medog (墨脱) finally tore off the label of "the only county in the country without highway access."

With road access, all industries prosper. In recent years, Medog County (墨脱县) has developed industries such as tourism, fruit and tea planting, bringing a full sense of gain to the local people.

The development of Medog (墨脱) is a vivid microcosm of the high-quality economic and social development of Tibet (西藏) in recent years.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) has unique resource endowments and ecological environment. How to promote the high-quality economic and social development of Tibet (西藏)? General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) hit the nail on the head: "We must adhere to the principle that all development should be given the meaning of ethnic unity and progress, should be given the meaning of improving people's livelihood and uniting people's hearts, and should be conducive to enhancing the sense of gain, happiness, and security of the people of all ethnic groups."

Chinese-style modernization prioritizes people's livelihood.

At the beginning of the fight against poverty, Tibet (西藏) was the only provincial-level contiguous area of ​​extreme poverty in China, and it was a deeply impoverished area with the highest poverty incidence, the deepest poverty, the highest poverty alleviation cost, and the greatest difficulty in poverty alleviation in the country.

"We must continue to focus on deeply impoverished areas such as the 'Three Regions and Three Prefectures (三区三州),' implement the poverty alleviation plan, and focus on outstanding problems and weak links to vigorously implement policies." General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech at the symposium on winning the battle against poverty was of great importance.

By the end of 2019, all 74 poverty-stricken counties and districts in Tibet (西藏) had been lifted out of poverty, and 628,000 registered poor people had been lifted out of poverty. Tibet (西藏) had completely shaken off the problem of absolute poverty that had plagued it for thousands of years.

Poverty alleviation is not the end, but the starting point of a happy life. In recent years, Tibet (西藏) has focused on improving people's livelihood, and people's living standards have improved significantly.

——Priority is given to the development of education, and 15 years of free education from kindergarten to high school is implemented first;

——Excellent traditional culture has been effectively inherited, protected and utilized, and the level of public cultural services has been continuously improved;

——The urban and rural public medical and health service system has been continuously improved, health checkups for farmers and herdsmen have achieved full coverage, and the average life expectancy in the region has increased to 72.5 years;

…………

Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原), the "sky road" is long. From being poor and blank to getting rid of poverty and moving towards common prosperity, it is inseparable from the magical "sky road."

General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has paid close attention to the construction of infrastructure such as roads and transportation in Tibet (西藏). He took a special train to inspect the construction of the Lhasa-Nyingchi Railway (拉林铁路) along the line; presided over a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局常务委员会会议) to study and deploy the comprehensive promotion of the construction of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway (川藏铁路); pointed out that "we must plan the construction of the western border railway network as a whole"... He is concerned about it in his words and thoughts.

The snowy region builds the "sky road," and the natural barriers become thoroughfares. In 2014, the Lhasa-Shigatse Railway (拉萨至日喀则铁路), an extension of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway (青藏铁路), was completed and opened to traffic; in 2019, the Mila Mountain Tunnel (米拉山隧道), a super-long highway tunnel, was completed, and the entire line of the Nyingchi-Lhasa Highway (林芝至拉萨高等级公路) was opened to traffic; in 2021, the Lhasa-Nyingchi Railway (拉萨至林芝铁路) was completed and opened to traffic, and the snowy plateau entered the era of the Fuxing (复兴) high-speed train... As of the end of 2024, the total mileage of highways open to traffic and the mileage of railway operations in Tibet (西藏) reached 124,900 kilometers and 1,359 kilometers respectively, and the number of international and domestic routes reached 183.

Taking transportation construction as an example, infrastructure construction in Tibet (西藏) has been continuously improved. The four power grids of Qinghai-Tibet (青藏), Sichuan-Tibet (川藏), Central Tibet (藏中), and Ali (阿里) have been built and put into operation, and the main power grid covers all counties (cities and districts); the hydropower project in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Tsangpo River (雅鲁藏布江) has started construction... Injecting strong vitality into the high-quality development of Tibet (西藏).

Today, on the snowy plateau, the "sky roads" are crisscrossed and the power grids are intertwined, not only connecting thousands of mountains and rivers, but also promoting the flow of people, logistics, and industries.

Tibet (西藏) is rich in resources. How to promote the development of characteristic industries? General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) gave a clear direction: "We must give full play to our strengths and avoid our weaknesses, and adapt to local conditions" and "Take a path of high-quality development that is in line with the actual situation in Tibet (西藏)."

Following the guidance of the General Secretary, Tibet (西藏) has vigorously developed modern industries such as clean energy, cultural tourism, and plateau light industry, and has initially established a modern industrial system. Its ability to self-generate blood and self-develop has been continuously improved, and the growth rate of major economic indicators has ranked among the top in the country for many consecutive years.

In the 60-year development process, it took 50 years for the gross domestic product of Tibet (西藏) to reach the first 100 billion yuan, while it took only 6 years to reach the second 100 billion yuan.

Green development is also people's well-being.

Nyingchi (林芝), Yani Wetland (雅尼湿地) is full of vitality. The Yarlung Tsangpo River (雅鲁藏布江) flows eastward, converging with the winding Niyang River (尼洋河), nourishing this nearly 9,000-hectare wetland park.

In July 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to the Niyang River Bridge (尼洋河大桥) to listen to the ecological environment protection and natural reserve construction of the Yarlung Tsangpo River (雅鲁藏布江) and Niyang River Basin (尼洋河流域), emphasizing "protecting the creatures, plants, and mountains and rivers here."

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) is the "roof of the world" and the "water tower of Asia." General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) attaches great importance to protecting the ecology of Tibet (西藏): "Tibet (西藏) must protect the ecology and protect the Chinese water tower. We cannot pick up sesame seeds and lose the watermelon. If there is an ecological problem, the loss outweighs the gain." "Protecting the ecological environment of Tibet (西藏) will benefit future generations and benefit the world." "Build the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) into a national and even international ecological civilization highland"... In different occasions, he gave earnest messages, pointing out the direction for ecological protection in Tibet (西藏).

Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and so are ice and snow. More than 50% of the land in Tibet (西藏) has been included in the ecological protection red line, the forest coverage rate has increased to 12.31%, the proportion of days with excellent air quality has reached more than 99.7%, and the water quality of major rivers and lakes has reached or exceeded Class III water. More than 440,000 ecological posts have been established, and more than 1.5 billion yuan of subsidies are distributed annually. People have eaten ecological meals and embarked on the road to prosperity in ecological construction.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, Tibet (西藏) has adhered to the path of high-quality development and entered a new era of the best development, the greatest changes, and the most benefits for the people. The people of all ethnic groups have a greater sense of gain, more sustainable happiness, and a stronger sense of security.

Uniting people's hearts and jointly creating a better future for the snowy plateau.

"The 56 ethnic groups are like pomegranate seeds, and the Chinese nation is the whole pomegranate. We are a community of the Chinese nation, and we must work together to move towards the second centenary goal."

Barkhor Street (八廓街), a famous tourist destination in Lhasa (拉萨), has rows of shops along the street, and tourists come and go shoulder to shoulder.

In July 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to Barkhor Street (八廓街), entered a specialty store, and inquired about the development of the tourism and cultural and creative industries and the inheritance and protection of Tibetan culture. People of all ethnic groups greeted the General Secretary. The General Secretary waved to everyone.

General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) said with emotion: "The millennium-old Barkhor Street (八廓街) was built by our ethnic groups." "Our Chinese nation's big family is living happily together here."

Consolidating the sense of community of the Chinese nation is the main line of the Party's ethnic work in the new era, and it is also the main line of all work in ethnic areas. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has earnestly and affectionately urged the promotion of consolidating the sense of community of the Chinese nation on many occasions——

"The focus and emphasis of the work in Tibet (西藏) must be placed on safeguarding the unity of the motherland and strengthening ethnic unity";

"The 56 ethnic groups are like pomegranate seeds, and the Chinese nation is the whole pomegranate. We are a community of the Chinese nation, and we must work together to move towards the second centenary goal";

"We must strengthen ethnic exchanges, interactions, and integration, and continuously enhance the recognition of the people of all ethnic groups of the great motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the Communist Party of China, and socialism with Chinese characteristics, and lay a solid ideological foundation for ethnic unity";

…………
Presenting the creation of a model area for ethnic unity and progress through local legislation, designating September each year as the Autonomous Region's "Ethnic Unity and Progress Publicity Month," incorporating ethnic unity education into classrooms at all levels and types of schools, and vigorously commending model collectives and individuals for ethnic unity and progress... Today, all ethnic groups in Tibet are tightly bound together like pomegranate seeds, opening a new chapter in interaction, exchange, and integration. The sense of a shared community of the Chinese nation is constantly being strengthened, gathering an inexhaustible driving force for common unity, struggle, and common prosperity and development.

With a shared lineage, the affection runs deep like the sea. The central government and local authorities provide full support and warm care for the difficulties encountered in Tibet.

On January 7 this year, a 6.8-magnitude earthquake occurred in Tingri County (定日县), Shigatse City (日喀则市), causing significant casualties and the collapse of a large number of houses. After the earthquake, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) attached great importance to it and made important instructions, pointing out that all efforts should be made to search for and rescue people, treat the injured, minimize casualties, prevent secondary disasters, properly resettle the affected people, and do a good job in the aftermath. On January 9, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting to study and deploy earthquake relief work in Tingri (定日), Tibet.

Today, in Senga Village (森嘎村), Tingri County (定日县), under the sunshine, rows of brand-new houses are scattered, the roads are clean and tidy, and the villagers' faces are filled with happy smiles. "I didn't expect to be able to move into a new home so quickly after the earthquake. The new home is spacious and bright, and everyone is very satisfied," said villager Losang (洛桑).

Tibet was jointly developed by all ethnic groups, and Tibetan history was jointly written by all ethnic groups. The common unity and progress, common prosperity and development of all ethnic groups are the lifeblood, strength, and hope of the Chinese nation.

Walking into Pengcang Village (彭仓村), Bazha Township (巴扎乡), Bailang County (白朗县), what comes into view is a series of greenhouses: the greenhouses are full of vitality, and rows of fruits and vegetables are growing vigorously.

Bailang County (白朗县) is located on the plateau, with abundant sunshine and extreme temperature differences between day and night. In 1995, the first batch of Shandong (山东) aid-Tibet cadres keenly noticed this natural advantage and tried to develop the vegetable industry in Bailang (白朗), sowing the seeds of hope here. Over the past 30 years, batches of aid-Tibet cadres have 咬定青山不放松 (yǎo dìng qīng shān bù fàng sōng - "bite firmly green mountain not relax," to remain steadfast and determined), working with local cadres and the masses to transform Bailang (白朗) into a fragrant fruit and vegetable land on the plateau.

General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "The central government's support for Tibet and the whole country's support for Tibet is a consistent policy of the Party Central Committee, which must be adhered to for a long time. We must carefully summarize experience and create a new situation in aid-Tibet work."

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, counterpart support for Tibet has not only injected strong vitality into Tibet's high-quality development, but has also become a carrier for exchanges, interactions, and integration among all ethnic groups, playing a strong tune of ethnic unity.

In the counterpart support work for Tibet, people of all ethnic groups have forged deep friendships and are constantly sowing the seeds of ethnic unity. All ethnic groups live in harmony, love each other, and form a strong spiritual bond of unity and progress. The economic, social, and political foundations for forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation are constantly being consolidated.

"The spirit of aiding Tibet is a noble spirit of the Chinese Communist Party and a significant advantage of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Lack of oxygen does not mean a lack of spirit. This spirit is that revolutionary ideals are higher than the sky." On July 23, 2021, these earnest instructions from General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) when he met with representatives of aid-Tibet cadres in Lhasa (拉萨) were deeply imprinted in the mind of Xu Po (徐坡), the then Executive Deputy Secretary of the Zhongba County (仲巴县) Party Committee.

Under the care and encouragement of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), the vast number of Party members and cadres in Tibet, despite the lack of oxygen, do not lack spirit, are not afraid of hardship, and have a higher realm despite the high altitude. Batch after batch of aid-Tibet cadres and talents from all over the country are full of enthusiasm and continue to struggle, running the aid-Tibet "relay race" well, and interpreting their mission and glory with practical actions.

The continuous development of the snowy plateau cannot be separated from the warm care of the motherland's big family. Safeguarding the sacred land and building a happy home cannot be separated from the concerted efforts and unity of all Chinese sons and daughters.

"Home is Yumai (玉麦), the country is China (中国)," this is a sentence that Zhuoga (卓嘎), the former head of Yumai Township (玉麦乡), Longzi County (隆子县), keeps in mind.

Yumai Township (玉麦乡) is located on the southern foothills of the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉), with harsh natural conditions. More than 30 years ago, the young Zhuoga (卓嘎) inherited her father's belief and guarded thousands of square kilometers of territory for decades by means of grazing and patrolling.

"At an altitude of more than 3,600 meters, on a border plateau where heavy snow seals the mountains for more than half a year each year, your father and daughter have silently guarded the territory of the motherland for decades. This spirit is admirable." In October 2017, Zhuoga (卓嘎) and Yangzong (央宗) received this enthusiastic letter from General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平).

In 2021, Zhuoga (卓嘎) came to the Golden Hall of the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) to receive the "July 1st Medal" awarded by the General Secretary. Recalling the scene of that day, Zhuoga (卓嘎) was still very excited: "Now that all kinds of conditions are getting better, we must take root in the snowy plateau like Gesang flowers (格桑花) and be guardians of the sacred land and builders of a happy home."

Thousands of mountains stand tall, and the vast snow-capped mountains of the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉) have witnessed the vicissitudes of the snowy plateau's profound history;

Ten thousand waters surge, and the roaring Fuxing (复兴) high-speed train on the banks of the Yarlung Zangbo River (雅鲁藏布江) demonstrates Tibet's surging momentum.

"As long as we follow the Communist Party of China, firmly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, work together with one heart, and strengthen ethnic unity, we will definitely be able to achieve the second centenary goal as scheduled and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation." Standing at a new historical starting point, the people of all ethnic groups in Tibet are uniting and moving forward in high spirits in accordance with the grand blueprint drawn by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), working together for a happier and better tomorrow.

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Photo Story

On August 18th, in Nantong City, Jiangsu Province (江苏省南通市), people played in the ice and snow-themed amusement park. In recent days, Jiangsu (江苏) has experienced a wide range and long period of high temperature and muggy weather, and many tourists have come to the ice and snow park to enjoy the coolness.

Xu Peiqin (徐培钦) Photo (Image China (影像中国))

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Sharing the dividends of China's high-quality and sustainable development (Witnessing China's Opportunities)

By: 本报记者 俞懿春 戴楷然

This year, BASF New Materials Co., Ltd., Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center, and Beijing WeLion New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (北京卫蓝新能源科技股份有限公司) signed a cooperation agreement in Beijing (北京) to jointly develop next-generation solid-state battery pack technology. BASF Coatings also signed a letter of intent with Chinese automaker NIO (蔚来) in Münster, Germany, aiming to establish a strategic partnership and strengthen cooperation in the field of automotive coatings. As China's high-quality development is steadily advancing, the German chemical company BASF is deeply involved in the upstream and downstream collaboration of China's industrial chain, promoting technological innovation and application in cutting-edge emerging fields.

As an important foreign-funded enterprise in China's chemical industry, BASF has established a competitive production, marketing, technical service, and innovation network in China. Recently, this reporter visited BASF Shanghai Pudong Innovation Park (巴斯夫上海浦东科技创新园) (hereinafter referred to as "BASF Pudong Base") and the BASF Zhanjiang Verbund site (巴斯夫湛江一体化基地) in Zhanjiang (湛江), Guangdong (广东), to experience BASF's continuous efforts to cultivate the Chinese market, strengthen innovation and research and development in China, and promote the vigorous development of the Chinese and even the global chemical market.

Deeply rooted in China for 140 years, continuously expanding business layout

Walking into the BASF Pudong Base (巴斯夫浦东基地) located in Gaoqiao Town (高桥镇), Pudong New Area (浦东新区), Shanghai (上海), the modern research and development building contrasts with the yellow and green industrial pipelines in the distance. Innovative solutions sprout from here, adding impetus to the sustainable development of the Chinese chemical market.

As early as 1885, BASF sent representatives to China to start BASF's textile dye trade in China. The book "Pioneering Journey - BASF and China's Origins in 1885" writes: "China provides a particularly attractive space for entrepreneurial spirit and investment."

"BASF has entered the Chinese market for 140 years and has established stable and friendly cooperative relations with its partners. Since the reform and opening up, BASF's development in China has ushered in important opportunities, and it has begun to increase investment and continuously expand its business layout," Lou Jianfeng (楼剑锋), Chairman and President of BASF Greater China, told reporters.

Taking BASF Pudong Base (巴斯夫浦东基地), where BASF's Greater China headquarters is located, as an example, in 1994, BASF and a Chinese enterprise established a joint venture in Gaoqiao Town (高桥镇). Later, the joint venture was changed to a wholly-owned BASF company, and the product level was continuously improved. In 2012, BASF Shanghai Innovation Park (巴斯夫上海创新园) was established; in 2015 and 2023, Phase II and Phase III of Shanghai Innovation Park were put into use respectively.

"Shanghai Innovation Park has become BASF's largest R&D center in the Asia-Pacific region," said Han Wei (韩玮), Vice President of BASF and Head of Shanghai Innovation Park. "Over the past 10 years, BASF has invested approximately 280 million euros in the Shanghai Innovation Park, and R&D activities cover advanced materials, chemical processes, catalysis, and R&D digitalization, focusing on sustainable development innovation."

The development history of BASF Pudong Base (巴斯夫浦东基地) in Gaoqiao Town (高桥镇) for more than 30 years is a microcosm of BASF's continuous expansion of its business layout in China. As of the end of 2024, BASF has built 30 production bases in China, covering chemicals, materials, industrial solutions, surface treatment technologies, nutrition and care, agricultural solutions, and other fields.

"BASF's sales in the Chinese market exceed 13% of its global sales. By the end of 2024, BASF and its partners have invested approximately 17 billion euros in Greater China," said Lou Jianfeng (楼剑锋). "China is the world's largest chemical market. According to forecasts, 70% of the global chemical industry's growth in the next 10 years will come from China. Faced with such a huge market size, we will continue to cultivate the Chinese market, expand our business layout in China, meet the latest needs of various industries in China, and provide more sustainable and innovative products and solutions."

Largest overseas investment project, receiving positive support from the Chinese side

In the Donghai Island Petrochemical Industrial Park (东海岛石化产业园区) in Zhanjiang (湛江), Guangdong (广东), BASF's largest overseas investment project to date, the BASF Zhanjiang Verbund site (巴斯夫湛江一体化基地) with a total investment of approximately 10 billion euros, is under construction. Once completed, it will become BASF's third largest production base in the world.

"The Chinese market is of great strategic importance to BASF," said Lin Hanping (林汉平), President of BASF Asia Major Projects. In the future, China will continue to be a key market for the chemical industry, and the integrated base in Zhanjiang will become an important platform for BASF to achieve profitable and sustainable growth in China and meet the growing needs of customers.

The BASF Zhanjiang Verbund site (巴斯夫湛江一体化基地) project will include a steam cracker with a planned annual output of 1 million tons of ethylene and multiple downstream product production units for the consumer market. Currently, the project's first engineering plastics unit and the first batch of thermoplastic polyurethane units have been put into operation.

Lin Hanping (林汉平) said that the construction of the BASF Zhanjiang Verbund site (巴斯夫湛江一体化基地) has received strong support from governments at all levels. "The Guangdong Provincial Government (广东省政府) has provided a lot of support in terms of site selection. Facts have proved that Zhanjiang has locational advantages and is an ideal location for the project. The Zhanjiang Municipal Government (湛江市政府) has done a lot of preliminary preparation work for us, allowing BASF to build the project according to the target schedule."

In recent years, relying on its unique location advantages, gradually improving infrastructure, and good business environment, Zhanjiang (湛江) has attracted major foreign investment projects to settle down, becoming a microcosm of Guangdong (广东) and even the whole country expanding high-level opening up to the outside world and improving the level of foreign investment utilization.

The relevant person in charge of Zhanjiang (湛江) said in an interview with this reporter that Zhanjiang (湛江) invited authoritative experts in domestic petrochemical, chemical, hydrology, marine, and environmental protection fields to form a working team at the initial stage of project approval; actively coordinated national ministries and commissions and provincial departments to send working groups to provide on-site guidance, and the city and district worked together to tackle key problems. The Zhanjiang Economic Development Zone (湛江经开区), where the project is located, implemented electronic online review and departmental sharing and mutual recognition of BASF project planning drawings, reducing the project party's back-and-forth trips.

In addition, the large-piece wharf, as the main channel for transporting large equipment, components, and modules ashore during the construction of the BASF Zhanjiang Verbund site (巴斯夫湛江一体化基地), is an indispensable supporting project for the construction of the integrated base. In order to ensure the smooth start of construction of the wharf, Zhanjiang's transportation, maritime, and other departments actively responded to the needs of enterprises, "tailor-made" construction plans, and promoted the smooth completion and use of the BASF large-piece wharf as planned, reducing the water transportation and transshipment costs of raw materials and products entering and leaving the project's chemical plant.

Committed to joint innovation, continuously increasing R&D investment

At the 36th China International Plastics and Rubber Industry Exhibition held in 2024, an innovative solid-state battery pack jointly launched by BASF, Yangtze River Delta Physics Research Center (长三角物理研究中心), and Beijing WeLion New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (北京卫蓝新能源科技股份有限公司) was unveiled, which can help electric vehicles improve their performance in terms of lightweight, thermal management, safety performance, and sustainability. Currently, this solid-state battery pack is developing commercial opportunities in the Asian, European, and North American markets, and is expected to promote the further development of the global electric vehicle industry.

"In recent years, BASF has continued to increase its R&D investment in the Chinese market, improve its local innovation capabilities, especially in fast-growing areas such as new energy vehicles, high-end manufacturing, and renewable energy, and is committed to joint innovation and win-win cooperation with Chinese partners," said Han Wei (韩玮). With the improvement of BASF's local R&D capabilities in China, "more and more solutions born in the Shanghai Innovation Park are constantly providing innovative products for customers in China and Asia."

In February 2024, the integrated technology center of the BASF Zhanjiang Verbund site (巴斯夫湛江一体化基地) was officially put into use. Zhang Nan (张楠), Director of New Verbund Site Development, Energy and Carbon Management of BASF China, said that BASF and South China University of Technology (华南理工大学) have signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement, covering multiple fields such as scientific and technological innovation cooperation, in-depth integration of industry, academia, and research, and talent cultivation. "The two sides will also take this cooperation as an opportunity to focus on cultivating more talents for the chemical industry and continue to give play to the core role of talents in the field of innovation."

Men Yongfeng (门永锋), a researcher at the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (长春应用化学研究所) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), is a member of BASF's Asian Open Research Network. Researchers from the Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry (长春应用化学研究所) and BASF jointly explore the structure and properties of thermoplastic polyurethane, providing a basis for further processing of thermoplastic polyurethane to meet different usage needs. "Open research has built an effective communication channel between industry and academia, which helps to correct our research direction and promote research into the industrial process," said Men Yongfeng (门永锋).

The Asian Open Research Network is a platform for BASF and well-known universities and research institutes in the Asia-Pacific region to carry out joint research, aiming to promote exchanges and cooperation between BASF R&D personnel and the academic community. "Since the establishment of the Asian Open Research Network, BASF and its partners have completed approximately 200 joint research projects, covering sustainable materials, advanced processes, digitalization, intelligent manufacturing, and solutions for new energy vehicles," said Han Wei (韩玮).

"BASF has more than 12,000 employees in China, of which R&D personnel account for approximately 10%," said Lou Jianfeng (楼剑锋). "Faced with the new business forms and new models of the Chinese chemical market, we are following the trend and launching more cutting-edge materials and technologies." Han Wei (韩玮) believes that the continuous improvement of China's innovation capabilities and the rapid growth in the scale of young scientific and technological talents have further promoted scientific research exchanges.

Talking about BASF's future development plan in China, Lou Jianfeng (楼剑锋) said that China's industrial chain and supply chain maintain stable and smooth, and the reserve of high-quality talents is becoming increasingly abundant, which has boosted the confidence of many foreign-funded enterprises, including BASF. "China is an important growth engine for the global chemical market and also an important market for BASF globally. With the steady progress of the construction of the Zhanjiang Verbund site (湛江一体化基地), I believe that BASF's development in China will usher in more opportunities. In the future, BASF will continue to cultivate the Chinese market and share the dividends of China's high-quality and sustainable development."

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Persisting in "Doing the Right Thing" (Harmony Voice)

Adhering to "doing the right things," China will continue to embrace the world with an open and inclusive mind, raise the sails of cooperation and mutual benefit, showcase a credible, amiable, and respectable image of a major country to the world, share development opportunities with all countries, and jointly create a better future.

Recently, surveys by several international polling organizations have shown that global public opinion of China has continued to rise, and China's image has gained increasingly widespread recognition around the world. The growing global public recognition of China is accumulated bit by bit through China's persistent "doing the right things," reflecting the international community's full affirmation of China's development path.

Recognition stems from China's confident embrace of the world with openness. China is "friendly, safe, and efficient," wrote a reporter from Argentina's *Clarín* after experiencing daily life in China. China continues to promote high-level opening up to the outside world, constantly optimizing various facilitation policies to promote personnel exchanges and cultural exchange. Currently, China has implemented unilateral visa-free policies or comprehensive mutual visa exemptions for 75 countries, and the number of transit visa-free countries has been expanded to 55. In the first half of this year, the number of foreigners entering and exiting China through various ports increased by 30.2% year-on-year, of which visa-free entries accounted for 71.2%, an increase of 53.9% year-on-year. More and more foreigners are perceiving a real and three-dimensional China through on-the-ground visits and personal experiences, and introducing China to more people through social media platforms. As Chinese trendy toys, movies, games, and other cultural products become popular, the affinity and creativity shown by Chinese culture draw people closer, stimulate emotional resonance that transcends national borders, and write wonderful stories of cross-cultural exchange.

Recognition stems from China's sincere willingness to share development opportunities. "Maintaining a contribution rate of about 30% to world economic growth every year," "reducing 11 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions," "steadily holding the 'top spot' in global manufacturing for 15 consecutive years"... A series of data released at the press conference on "High-Quality Completion of the '14th Five-Year Plan'" clearly shows that China's high-quality development has become an important engine driving global growth, bringing broad opportunities for world modernization. China always places its own development within the coordinate system of human development, and is committed to developing together with all countries and sharing prosperity. Today, China is the main trading partner of more than 150 countries and regions around the world, and the high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road Initiative" is increasingly becoming a "road to happiness" that benefits all countries and the world, which people of all countries deeply feel. A report released by the Pew Research Center in the United States shows that in 9 middle-income countries, 72% of respondents believe that Chinese companies are beneficial to their country's economy, which shows that the dividends brought by cooperation with China are visible and tangible, and truly benefit the people.

Recognition stems from China's moral responsibility in leading global governance. "China plays a more active role in a fragmented world." An Australian media outlet believes that at a time when the certainty of the global order is being severely shaken, China is becoming a trustworthy partner. Actively promoting the political settlement of hotspot issues, actively promoting peace and talks on the Ukraine crisis, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, and the Afghan issue, and promoting the reconciliation between Saudi Arabia and Iran and the internal reconciliation of Palestine; committing to announcing a 2035 national independent contribution target covering the entire economy and including all greenhouse gases before the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Belém; releasing the *Global AI Governance Initiative*, establishing the Global AI Innovation Governance Center, and proposing the establishment of the World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organization; jointly establishing the International Mediation Institute with 32 countries to fill the gap in the field of international mediation mechanisms... Against the background of intertwined international situations, China, with the future of mankind in mind and the well-being of the people at heart, demonstrates "the appearance that a major country should have." "China has always focused on doing the right things." An article in the media pointed out that the rise of China's global reputation is the result of decades of rigorous planning, peaceful development, sincere cooperation, and cultural self-confidence.

Adhering to "doing the right things," China will continue to embrace the world with an open and inclusive mind, raise the sails of cooperation and mutual benefit, showcase a credible, amiable, and respectable image of a major country to the world, share development opportunities with all countries, and jointly create a better future.

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The heroic deeds of fishermen in Dongji will be forever remembered and celebrated. (Great Victory, Historical Contribution)

By: 本报记者 许立群

"My father always said that fishermen are heroes. He said that without the Chinese fishermen, he would not have survived, and I would not exist. The whole world should know that these fishermen are great heroes," Dennis Vini, a relative of a survivor of the "Lisbon Maru" (里斯本丸) ship, said in a recent exclusive interview with this reporter.

In October 1942, the Japanese army requisitioned the "Lisbon Maru" (里斯本丸), a passenger and cargo ship, to transport more than 1,800 British prisoners of war from Hong Kong (香港) back to Japan. Because the Japanese army violated the Geneva Convention, failing to display any flags or symbols indicating the transport of prisoners of war, the ship was hit by a torpedo fired by a U.S. submarine while passing through waters near Dongji Island (东极岛), Zhoushan (舟山), Zhejiang (浙江). During the sinking, the Japanese army not only failed to provide timely rescue but also shot at those trying to escape. At this critical moment, Dongji (东极) fishermen risked their lives to rescue the prisoners, repeatedly rowing small sampans into the line of fire, saving 384 British prisoners of war.

Vini's father, Dennis Morley, was one of the rescued and the last survivor of the "Lisbon Maru" (里斯本丸) ship, passing away in 2021. Vini told reporters that recalling the past was not easy for her father. She remembered that after one interview, her father did not speak for several days and was almost emotionally broken. "He was immersed in those cruel memories, remembering his deceased young companions, including one of his best friends," Vini said. "Faced with such brutal Japanese soldiers, the Chinese fishermen were so kind and brave."

In May of this year, Vini and 18 other descendants of British prisoners of war from the "Lisbon Maru" (里斯本丸) shipwreck incident went to China to attend the unveiling ceremony of the monument commemorating the rescue of British prisoners by Dongji (东极) fishermen. The sea breeze blew, and the waves rolled. On Qingbang Island (青浜岛) in Dongji Town (东极镇), Zhoushan City (舟山市), a monument marked with "Boundless Love, Everlasting Fame" (大爱无疆 海岳流芳) stands tall. On the left side of the monument, the inscription of the "Lisbon Maru" (里斯本丸) rescue event, detailing the rescue of British prisoners of war by Dongji (东极) fishermen, is engraved in both Chinese and English. "The moment I touched the monument, I couldn't describe my feelings at the time. I could finally comfort my father that his wish had been fulfilled: the heroic deeds of the Dongji (东极) fishermen will be forever remembered and praised," Vini said.

This rescue operation was not an organized military coordination but a moral choice by ordinary people. Due to language barriers, the rescued and the Dongji (东极) fishermen could only communicate through gestures and eye contact. Despite their own lack of food and clothing, the Dongji (东极) fishermen still gave their limited food and herbs to the British prisoners of war... This is an important testament to China and Britain fighting side by side as allies in World War II, jointly resisting fascism, and a historical story of the deep friendship between the two peoples.

During President Xi Jinping's (习近平) visit to the UK in 2015, he used the "Lisbon Maru" (里斯本丸) rescue event as an example, emphasizing that the friendship between the Chinese and British people forged in the flames of war will never fade and has become a valuable asset in bilateral relations. In 2022, on the 80th anniversary of the "Lisbon Maru" (里斯本丸) incident, Vini wrote to President Xi Jinping (习近平), expressing her gratitude for China's rescue and her firm support for the friendship between the Chinese and British people for generations to come. President Xi Jinping (习近平) replied, encouraging her to continue to actively dedicate herself to Sino-British friendship and looking forward to more British friends making contributions to Sino-British relations. When Zheng Zeguang (郑泽光), the Chinese Ambassador to the UK, delivered this reply to Vini's home, she said, "I am so surprised and moved."

Today, 76-year-old Vini has a family spanning four generations. "I firmly support the friendship between the Chinese and British people for generations to come, and I am willing to do my part for this." Vini, who often communicates with friends in Dongji (东极), has an increasingly deep connection with China. "China is big and beautiful, and I hope to have more opportunities to go to China while my legs and feet are still nimble."

(Reported from London (伦敦) on August 18th by this newspaper)

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Practicing Whole-Process People's Democracy and Pooling Wisdom and Strength from All Sides (Authoritative Release: High-Quality Completion of the "14th Five-Year Plan")

By: 本报记者 刘博通

On August 18th, the State Council Information Office held a themed press conference on the "High-Quality Completion of the '14th Five-Year Plan' Series." Ma Lihuai (马利怀), Deputy Minister of the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee, Song Rui (宋锐), Deputy Secretary-General of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and Director of the Research Office of the General Office, Hu Henglu (胡衡庐), Deputy Secretary-General of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), and Duan Yijun (段毅君), Deputy Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, introduced the relevant situation of developing socialist democracy during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.

发挥统一战线凝聚人心、汇聚力量的政治作用

The united front is a powerful instrument for rallying people's hearts and pooling strength, and an important aspect of the whole-process people's democracy system. Ma Lihuai (马利怀) introduced: "We give play to the political role of the united front in rallying people's hearts and pooling strength, correctly handle the relationship between unity and diversity, fully promote democracy, respect and tolerate differences, and promote harmony in party relations, ethnic relations, religious relations, class relations, and relations with compatriots at home and abroad, so as to gather broad wisdom and strength for the construction of Chinese-style modernization."

Over the past five years, the central committees of various democratic parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and personages without party affiliation have conducted key investigation and research on 10 themes, such as "promoting the integrated development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation" and "expanding domestic demand in all directions." They have put forward more than 400 pieces of opinions and suggestions through investigation and consultation symposiums, "through trains" and other forms, providing a strong reference for the scientific decision-making and precise policy implementation of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.

On the ecological and environmental protection of the Yangtze River, by the end of 2024, the central committees of various democratic parties and personages without party affiliation had submitted nearly 30 opinions and suggestions to the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the ecological and environmental protection of the Yangtze River, and nearly 2,000 opinions and suggestions to local party committees and governments. With the joint efforts of all parties, the environmental quality of the Yangtze River Economic Belt has continued to improve.

人民代表大会制度更加成熟、更加定型

The system of people's congresses is an important institutional carrier for realizing whole-process people's democracy in our country. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the system of people's congresses has become more mature and more well-defined.

"Since March 2021, the National People's Congress (NPC) and its Standing Committee have formulated 35 laws, revised laws 62 times, and adopted 34 relevant decisions and resolutions, further improving the legal system urgently needed for national governance, essential for meeting the people's needs for a better life, and urgently needed for safeguarding national security." Song Rui (宋锐) introduced that, adhering to correct supervision, effective supervision, and law-based supervision, they have inspected the implementation of 21 laws, listened to and deliberated on 88 work reports of the "one government, one commission, and two courts," and carried out 7 special inquiries and 33 special investigations to promote the solution of people's livelihood concerns in employment, social security, education, medical care, childcare, elderly care, and ecological and environmental protection.

The NPC and its Standing Committee adhere to the people's principal position and constantly improve the working mechanism for absorbing public opinion and pooling public wisdom, so as to consolidate the public opinion foundation of the work of the NPC. Song Rui (宋锐) introduced: "Since March 2021, a total of 127 draft laws have solicited opinions from the public, receiving 1.19 million comments and suggestions from more than 400,000 people, many of which have been studied and absorbed and reflected in relevant legislation. The Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the NPC has set up 54 grassroots legislative liaison points to give play to the role of the 'through train' for listening to public opinion in legislation."

Focusing on the overall situation, strengthening the supervision of financial and economic work, highlighting key points to listen to and deliberate on special work reports, and ensuring that major reforms and decisions are based on law and implemented smoothly... The NPC and its Standing Committee implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, focus on "major national affairs" and people's livelihood concerns, exercise their powers in accordance with the law, and promote the implementation of the "14th Five-Year Plan."

让人民群众真切感到政协离自己很近、委员就在身边

Hu Henglu (胡衡庐) introduced that, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the National Committee of the CPPCC held a total of 279 consultative activities of various types, such as special consultative meetings of the Standing Committee and special consultation meetings, carried out 413 inspection and investigation activities, and filed 25,043 proposals, and a large number of suggestions and results were transformed into policies and measures.

Adhere to consultation before decision-making and during the implementation of decision-making. Ten special consultative meetings of the Standing Committee were held on building a high-level socialist market economic system and strengthening ecological and environmental protection, 10 special consultation meetings were held on promoting high-level opening to the outside world, and 57 bi-weekly consultation symposiums and 16 remote consultation meetings were held on optimizing the allocation of regional education and medical resources. At the same time, proposal handling consultations, sectoral consultations, counterpart consultations, and expert consultations are carried out on a regular basis to promote high-quality development with high-quality consultations.

Continue to carry out democratic supervision to promote the implementation of decisions. Since 2021, the 10 special committees of the National Committee of the CPPCC have focused on one theme each for five consecutive years, selecting different focuses to continuously carry out democratic supervision around the key tasks in the "14th Five-Year Plan."

The National Committee of the CPPCC also actively does a good job in strengthening confidence, gathering people's hearts, warming people's hearts, and building unity for members and people from all walks of life. "Innovatively carry out the 'service for the people' activities of members performing their duties, hold 13 science lectures for members, 84 science popularization activities, and 6 cultural and historical lectures; by the end of 2024, organize and carry out 8,981 activities such as members' enterprises entering campuses to promote employment, donating money to help students, helping the disabled and the weak, technical training, legal publicity, and project assistance, so that the people can truly feel that the CPPCC is very close to them and the members are around them." Hu Henglu (胡衡庐) introduced.

不断推进中华民族共同体建设

Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," new progress has been made in building a common spiritual home for the Chinese nation, new achievements have been made in all ethnic groups jointly moving towards socialist modernization, new atmospheres have emerged in exchanges, interactions, and integration among all ethnic groups, and the modernization of the ethnic affairs governance system and governance capacity has reached a new level.

Actively promote the formulation of the Law on Promoting Ethnic Unity and Progress, actively promote the writing of forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation into 11 relevant laws such as the Legislation Law, and actively and prudently adjust and improve the relevant policies and regulations on ethnic work... Work in the field of relevant policies and regulations has been promoted in many aspects.

"Over the past five years, in accordance with the main line of forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, we have adhered to the combination of unity and autonomy, the combination of ethnic factors and regional factors, and further promoted all localities and departments to adhere to and improve the system of ethnic regional autonomy, and have achieved remarkable results." Duan Yijun (段毅君) introduced.

Whole-process people's democracy has been fully developed. The forms and channels for democratic participation of people of all ethnic groups have been continuously enriched. For example, by the end of 2024, Tibet (西藏) had created 790 "Homes of People's Deputies," and all villages (communities) had established liaison stations for people's deputies and activity rooms for people's deputies to contact the masses, providing an effective platform for the people to reflect social conditions and public opinions.

"In the next step, we will thoroughly implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, continuously promote the construction of the Chinese national community, and make due contributions to promoting Chinese-style modernization with the great unity of the Chinese nation." Duan Yijun (段毅君) said.

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Needle and Thread, Brushstrokes Paint the Plateau in Vibrant Colors (Vibrant China Research Trip)

By: 本报记者 龚仕建 曹继炜 闫俏秀

Colorful brushes wander, Thangka painters innovate content and techniques; colorful embroidery threads shuttle, Pan embroidery artisans outline beautiful scenes of life; intricate floral patterns layer, Tibetan carpet artisans weave a prosperous industry... In recent years, Qinghai Province, relying on its rich intangible cultural heritage resources, has forged a new path for developing distinctive intangible cultural heritage industries and driving county-level economic development.

At Renjun Painting Academy in Tongren City, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (黄南藏族自治州同仁市), two young painters are creating a special Thangka. This Thangka presents the Tianjin landmark "Tianjin Eye" (天津之眼) and the Qinghai Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve (青海三江源自然保护区) monument. "This year marks the 15th anniversary of Tianjin's aid to Qinghai. To express the gratitude of the Huangnan people, we specially prepared this Thangka work," said Dorje Tsering (多杰才让), director of the Renjun Painting Academy office.

Local Thangka painters are innovating in content and painting techniques, both preserving traditional craftsmanship and integrating elements of the times. More and more people are approaching Thangka and understanding Thangka.

From 2011 to 2024, the income of the Regong art (热贡艺术) cultural industry, represented by Thangka, increased from 240 million yuan to 1.08 billion yuan, and there are already 5 Regong art-related enterprises with annual income exceeding 10 million yuan.

In recent years, Huangnan Prefecture has carried out rescue protection of techniques such as Thangka "line drawing" ("白描"), "color painting" ("彩绘"), and mineral pigment production, and recorded the technical display process of Regong art in various ways to help the inheritance of Regong art.

In a farmhouse courtyard in Banyan Village (班彦村), Wushitown (五十镇), Huzhu Tu Autonomous County (互助土族自治县), Haidong City (海东市), Zhang Zhu Mashijie (张卓麻什姐), nearly sixty years old, holds a needle and winds beautiful golden arcs on a black cloth. Between the rise and fall of the needle tip, a layered sunflower blooms.

A few years ago, in order to drive villagers to increase income and become rich, Banyan Village established a Pan Embroidery Association and built a Pan Embroidery Park. As a provincial representative inheritor of the Tu Pan Embroidery (土族盘绣) intangible cultural heritage project, Zhang Zhu Mashijie joined the Pan Embroidery Park as soon as possible, and through teaching and mentoring, led 14 embroiderers to pick up needles and threads, 11 of whom were rated as intangible cultural heritage inheritors at all levels. A total of 145 embroiderers participated in the production of the Pan Embroidery Park. At present, more than 500 kinds of cultural and creative products have been launched, with an average annual order of 75,000 pieces from enterprises, and the order income reaches 3 million yuan. The products are sold overseas, and the average annual income of embroiderers has increased by more than 7,000 yuan.

From one village to one county, the Pan embroidery industry has developed rapidly in the local area. In recent years, Huzhu County has organized embroiderers to participate in college training courses, organized industry leaders to teach and mentor, and trained more than 4,000 embroiderers in total. It has opened intangible cultural heritage interest classes in 5 schools to teach Pan embroidery techniques to young people face-to-face.

In addition to the Banyan Village Pan Embroidery Park, Huzhu County has also built a number of Pan embroidery workshops such as Ama Handmade and Agu Embroidery. From 2022 to 2024, the cumulative Pan embroidery output value reached 94.7 million yuan, with an average annual growth rate of about 5%.

Sitting in the courtyard of her new home, Zhang Zhu Mashijie is embroidering a pattern on a canvas bag: "In the past, it was just a job for my own clothing and use, but I didn't expect it to bring such a big change to everyone's life." With every stitch and thread, the embroiderers embroider a new life.

Tibetan carpets have a history of more than 3,000 years in Qinghai. In the past, manual weaving techniques were time-consuming and laborious, and the model of family workshops and small-scale production could not meet market demand. The inheritance of Jia Ya Tibetan carpet (加牙藏族织毯) weaving techniques faced a crisis.

Changing ideas, empowering technology, and transforming and upgrading the Tibetan carpet industry. In Workshop No. 2 of Shengyuan Carpet Group Co., Ltd. (圣源地毯集团有限公司) in Nanchuan Industrial Park (南川工业园), Xining City (西宁市), a dozen workers are processing a huge Tibetan carpet. Scissors fly up and down, and the big red carp turns from flat to three-dimensional, lifelike.

"This Tibetan carpet is 31.95 meters long and 13.55 meters wide," introduced Li Xiaowen (李晓雯), a staff member. After receiving the order, the workshop's design and development department used artificial intelligence technology to intelligently generate a variety of carpet patterns. The designer accurately marks the warp and weft lines and color positions to facilitate production.

While retaining the traditional hand-woven carpet craftsmanship, Shengyuan Carpet has added two production processes: machine-woven carpets and hand-tufted carpets. The carpet dyeing workshop has a color library system containing more than 40,000 colors, which can produce exquisite and colorful Tibetan carpets on a large scale and customized basis.

The popularity of Jia Ya Tibetan carpets is getting higher and higher. In 2024, Shengyuan Carpet's turnover reached 119 million yuan, and its export volume exceeded 9.7 million US dollars. In the first half of this year, Shengyuan Carpet's export volume increased by more than 8% year-on-year. At present, Huangzhong District (湟中区) in Xining City has built 97 Tibetan carpet processing points, absorbing more than 6,000 employees with an average annual income of 60,000 yuan per person.

Using intangible cultural heritage as a pen, Qinghai Province is painting a colorful new picture of distinctive industrial development.

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The 11th National Arts Festival for People with Disabilities Opens

This report from our Wuhan (武汉) office, August 18th (Reporter: Fan Haotian (范昊天)) On the 18th, the 11th National Art Festival for Persons with Disabilities, sponsored by the China Disabled Persons' Federation (中国残联), the Ministry of Education (教育部), the Ministry of Civil Affairs (民政部), the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), and the National Radio and Television Administration (国家广播电视总局), and organized by the Hubei Provincial Disabled Persons' Federation (湖北省残联), the Hubei Provincial Department of Education (教育厅), the Hubei Provincial Department of Civil Affairs (民政厅), the Hubei Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游厅), the Hubei Provincial Radio and Television Bureau (广播电视局), and the China Disabled Persons' Performing Arts Center (中国残疾人特殊艺术指导中心), opened in Wuhan (武汉), Hubei Province (湖北省). During the 3-day festival, 2,075 performers will present programs in four categories: vocal music, instrumental music, dance, and opera.

The theme of this National Art Festival for Persons with Disabilities is "Symphony of Dreams: Jointly Embracing a Glorious Chapter of the Times," focusing on showcasing the artistic achievements of people with disabilities of all ethnic groups and categories in various regions during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, praising their indomitable lives and creating a better life. In the preliminary stage, a total of 432 programs were submitted from various regions to the national festival via video recording, with a total of more than 3,800 actors with disabilities, covering all categories of disabilities. It is the largest and most participated National Art Festival for Persons with Disabilities in history. After preliminary selection, 152 programs from various provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities, and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团) participated in the live festival, with 2,075 performers, including 1,318 actors with disabilities, accounting for 95.4% of the total number of actors.

This festival will be broadcast live in its entirety through websites and new media platforms. During the festival, the Yangtze River Economic Belt (长江经济带) Disabled Persons' Intangible Cultural Heritage and Cultural and Creative Exhibition and Exchange Activities will be held.

The National Art Festival for Persons with Disabilities began in 1987 and is held every four years.

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Photo Report

On the evening of August 17th, tourists enjoyed the stilt performance, an intangible cultural heritage, at the Daokou Ancient Town (道口古镇) in Huaxian County (滑县), Anyang City (安阳市), Henan Province (河南省). In recent years, the local area has renovated ancient streets and constructed and improved facilities such as exhibition halls and star-rated homestays to attract tourists.

Wang Zirui (王子瑞) Photo (Image China)

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Practicing the "Two Mountains" Theory to Keep Rivers and Lakes Clear and Clean

By: 本报记者 寇江泽

"The Yangxi River has become clear, and Erhai Lake is becoming more and more beautiful," "The Huangxiao River in front of my house is getting more and more beautiful," "The clear Wanquan River is back again"...

This year marks the 20th anniversary of the "Two Mountains" concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." Some time ago, this newspaper launched a collection of images and integrated reports on "There is a River in Front of My House," and everyone shared the beautiful rivers and lakes and happy rivers and lakes in front of their homes, telling moving stories of "harmony between man and water." The "beautiful photos" of rivers and lakes and the pleasant scenery tell the story of the people's increasing sense of gain, happiness, and security.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has focused on the overall situation of ecological civilization construction, coordinated the management of water resources, water environment, and water ecology, deeply promoted the Blue Water Defense War, and planned and implemented the national "River Strategy." Landmark battles such as the protection and restoration of the Yangtze River and the treatment of urban black and odorous water bodies have been fully advanced, and the river and lake chief system has been fully implemented. The quality of China's water ecological environment has continued to improve, and historical, transformative, and comprehensive changes have taken place in water ecological environmental protection, becoming one of the landmark achievements of ecological civilization construction. In 2024, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality in national surface water exceeded 90% for the first time.

From a river's "diary" to the stories of countless rivers—

Continuing to deeply promote the Blue Water Defense War, the quality of the water ecological environment continues to improve

Hu Fuqing, a folk river chief in Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江) who has accumulated 21 river patrol diaries in 10 years, has moved people with his river patrol and protection stories. A stack of yellowed paper records the transformation of the Xinkai River from turbid to clear.

The change of clear water reflects the governance of China. What has changed is more than just the Xinkai River.

In Xinjian District (新建区), Nanchang (南昌), Jiangxi (江西) Province, the Wusha River (乌沙河) meanders. After dinner, Hu Meifeng, a resident of Longzhu Community (龙珠社区) in Changleng Street (长堎街道), came to the bank of the Wusha River with her family.

The beautiful scenery in front of them makes it hard to imagine that the former Wusha River was full of garbage and sewage. "In the past, when the weather was hot, the Wusha River would be filled with stench, and we had to cover our mouths and noses when we got close," Hu Meifeng recalled. Originating from the Meiling Mountains (梅岭山脉), the Wusha River is a tributary of the Gan River (赣江). More than 10 years ago, the Wusha River channel was piled with garbage, and domestic sewage was directly discharged on the banks, causing serious water pollution.

A good ecological environment is the most inclusive benefit for the people's livelihood. Xinjian District started with the things that the people cared about and carried out systematic整治 of rivers and lakes to completely "decontaminate" the Wusha River. The local area implemented more than 20,000 meters of rainwater and sewage diversion pipeline改造, completed 500,000 cubic meters of dredging, planted 30,000 square meters of aquatic plants, and unblocked the riverside步道.

"The clear Wusha River is really back!" Hu Meifeng said that in the past, she would绕着走, but now she walks along the river and walks tens of thousands of steps every day to exercise.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, "water" has been one of the themes that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has seen and thought about the most. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "We should coordinate the management of water resources, water environment, and water ecology, and deeply promote the protection and management of major rivers and lakes such as the Yangtze River and the Yellow River."

Since the new era, all regions and departments have continued to deeply promote the Blue Water Defense War, and the quality of the national water ecological environment has continued to improve.

The water quality of major rivers and lakes has improved.

The "investigation, measurement, tracing, and treatment" of sewage outlets has been fully carried out, and a total of more than 330,000 sewage outlets into rivers and 63,000 sewage outlets into the sea have been investigated. The completion rates of整治 in the seven major river basins and key bays have reached 90% and 93.1% respectively. The special action for整治 of water pollution in industrial parks in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the provinces (autonomous regions) along the Yellow River has been deeply implemented, and a total of more than 2,200 related problems have been solved. As of 2024, the water quality of the main stream of the Yangtze River has remained stable at Class II for five consecutive years, and the water quality of the main stream of the Yellow River has remained stable at Class II for three consecutive years. The Yangtze River and the Yellow River have焕发 new vitality. Among the 210 key lakes (reservoirs), the number of lakes and reservoirs with excellent water quality accounted for 77.1%. The water quality of Taihu Lake (太湖) has reached the best level since monitoring data became available.

Black and odorous water bodies are being eliminated at an accelerated pace.

During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, 99,000 kilometers of new sewage pipelines were built in cities at the地级 level and above, and the daily sewage treatment capacity was increased by 40.88 million tons, making up for the shortcomings in the collection and treatment facilities of urban sewage. As of the end of 2024, black and odorous water bodies in cities at the地级 level and above have been basically eliminated, and the elimination rate of black and odorous water bodies in县级 cities has exceeded 80%. The former "臭水沟" have become a beautiful landscape.

Drinking water safety is more guaranteed.

Since the "13th Five-Year Plan," China has deeply carried out special actions for the environmental protection of centralized drinking water sources, and has completed the整治 of 10,363 problems in 2,804水源地 at the县级 level and above, effectively improving the drinking water safety保障 level involving 770 million residents. A total of 19,800乡镇级 drinking water水源保护区 have been划定. More than 1,300 urban水源地 across the country have been included in the assessment of the effectiveness of the pollution prevention and control campaign. Local governments have comprehensively adopted measures such as pollution prevention and control,水源 substitution, and deep treatment of water plants to筑牢 the防线 of drinking water safety.

From major rivers and lakes to small ditches and streams, from drinking water水源地 to lakes and wetlands, controlling sources and intercepting pollution, restoring ecology, and eliminating hidden dangers, the Blue Water Defense War is forging ahead. Compared with 10 years ago, the proportion of sections with excellent water quality in national surface water has increased from 64.1% to 90.4%, exceeding 90% for the first time. In the first half of this year, the quality of the national water ecological environment continued to improve further.

As an ecological environment special observer hired by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Ma Jun (马军), director of the environmental protection social organization Public Environment Research Center (公众环境研究中心), said with deep感触: "On the mobile phone application Blue Map (蔚蓝地图) that we developed, the public used to report pollution problems, but now they are晒碧水. The rivers and lakes around them have regained their vitality, and the景象 of clear water, green banks, and fish swimming in the shallows is becoming more and more common."

From fragmented governance to systematic governance—

Strengthening the systematic governance, comprehensive governance, and coordinated governance of the ecological environment of major rivers and lakes

Ecological environment governance is a systematic project that requires comprehensive consideration of the complexity of environmental factors, the integrity of ecosystems, the continuity of natural geographical units, and the sustainability of economic and social development. Rivers are closely related to our lives. They are not only the foundation of human survival, but also an important part of the Earth's ecosystem, affecting the balance and stability of the entire ecosystem.

"In the past, our thinking on water environment governance had the problem of 'emphasizing end-of-pipe treatment and neglecting source prevention and control,' and it was also easy to have the phenomenon of 头痛医头，脚痛医脚 (tóu tòng yī tóu, jiǎo tòng yī jiǎo - "treat the head when the head aches, treat the foot when the foot aches," to treat the symptoms but not the root cause), and we did not regard the流域 as a whole. In fact, many water environment problems are rooted on the shore," said Wang Jinnan (王金南), academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and researcher at the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.

"Adhere to the integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands," "Strengthen the systematic governance, comprehensive governance, and coordinated governance of the ecological environment of major rivers and lakes"... General Secretary Xi Jinping's systematic concept points the direction for river and lake governance in the new era.

In Baiyangdian (白洋淀), Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), Hebei (河北) Province, bird protection volunteer Han Zhanqiao (韩战桥) patrols the Baiyangdian after work every day with a camera on his back and riding a motorcycle. "Look, this is a Baer's pochard, this is a Reed Parrotbill," Han Zhanqiao showed the photos he took, "Birds are the barometer of the ecological environment. More and more birds are settling in Baiyangdian, which shows that the ecology here is getting better and better."

Baiyangdian is the largest freshwater wetland ecosystem in the North China Plain and is known as the "Pearl of North China." The ecological restoration and governance of Baiyangdian is an important part of the planning and construction of the Xiong'an New Area.

The local area adheres to systematic governance. In terms of external source control, it reduces imported pollution and builds functional wetlands at the河口 of rivers entering the淀 such as the Fuhe River (府河) and Xiaoyi River (孝义河), and bans illegal sewage outlets entering the river and entering the淀; in terms of internal source governance, it carries out ecological dredging, and all aquatic farms and large-scale livestock and poultry farms in the淀 area have withdrawn.

"Today's Baiyangdian is very different. The water quality has first risen from below Class V to Class III, and has remained stable at Class III since 2021, entering the ranks of good lakes, and the 'Pearl of North China' has regained its glory," said Liu Dongmei (刘冬梅), director of the Anxin County (安新县) Environmental Monitoring Station in Xiong'an New Area.

The relevant负责人 of the Xiong'an New Area Ecological Environment Bureau said that in the next step, the water system connection project will be further implemented in Baiyangdian, the ecological water replenishment work will be continued, the protection of biodiversity will be strengthened, and the ecological function of Baiyangdian will be further improved.

Adhering to the integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, and grasslands, there are many such cases in the beautiful rivers and lakes selected by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.

In Hunan (湖南), in the Linxiang (临湘) section of the Yangtze River (长江), the岸线 is lush with vegetation, and tourists linger on the green shaded步道. A few years ago, this land was surrounded by chemical enterprises for a long time. Since 2020, Linxiang, Hunan has promoted the withdrawal of 22 chemical enterprises from within 1 kilometer along the river, and has vigorously broken the困境 of "chemical encirclement of the river." At the same time, Linxiang has built a new green chemical industrial park to transfer and承接 high-tech enterprises with advanced technology, low pollution, and good market prospects that have withdrawn along the river, and has introduced a number of new chemical material projects to settle down, realizing technology update and product quality improvement.

In Dongping (东平), Shandong (山东), on the basis of the ecological整治 of Dongping Lake (东平湖), the development of the ecological tourism industry is accelerated, and a number of influential scenic spots and tourist routes are launched. Since its opening, the Grand Song Dynasty Sleepless City (大宋不夜城) has received more than 6 million tourists. The rise of the tourism industry has带动 the development of catering,民宿 and other业态. Ren Jun (任君), a catering practitioner, opened a特色 hot pot restaurant near the scenic spot, "We can receive five or six hundred people a day during the holidays. When there are many people, we have to add tables temporarily. Our life is getting better and better."

Coordinating the promotion of high-level protection and high-quality development, exploring and innovating the realization path of ecological product value, more and more river and lake流域 are "flowing with gold and silver," and ecological advantages are transformed into a continuous stream of development advantages, 厚植 the green底色 of high-quality development.

From "total amount control" to "quality management"—

Realizing the coordination of economic and social development and population, resources, and environment in river and lake流域

In Dali (大理), Yunnan (云南), the Erhai Lake (洱海) is in full bloom with海菜花. The local government has formulated and implemented the Erhai Lake Protection and Management Regulations, and implemented engineering measures such as环湖截污, so that urban and rural domestic sewage in the Erhai Lake流域 can be systematically treated. Today, the transparency of the Erhai Lake has exceeded two meters, and the water quality assessment has been "excellent" for many consecutive years, creating conditions for the restoration of aquatic vegetation such as海菜花.

Birds in the sky, flowers on the lake, grass in the water, and fish and shrimp playing in the grass, Erhai Lake has become a paradise for biological栖息.

Entering the new era, water environment governance has shifted from "total amount control" to "quality management," no longer staying at emission reduction and emission standards, but moving towards the goal of "having rivers and water, having fish and grass, and harmony between man and water," directly taking the degree of water quality improvement as the assessment standard, and taking the effect of environmental quality improvement as the key. Coordinating resources in various fields, gathering the strength of all parties to manage and protect water, and playing a good "combined拳" of the rule of law, the market, science and technology, and policy.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the ecological environment field has successively formulated and revised a number of water-related laws and regulations such as the Environmental Protection Law, the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law, the Yangtze River Protection Law, and the Wetland Protection Law. The legal保障 is more powerful.

Clarify the river and lake chief. China has fully established and improved the river and lake chief system. 1.2 million river and lake chiefs at the five levels of province, city, county, township, and village are performing their duties, and folk river chiefs and volunteers are fully participating. Every river and every lake has someone to manage and protect.

Coordinate upstream and downstream. The ecological protection compensation system has been established and improved, stimulating the internal动力 of守绿护水. 24 provinces such as Anhui (安徽) and Zhejiang (浙江) have explored and carried out horizontal ecological protection compensation between upstream and downstream provinces in流域 (river sections) such as the Xin'an River (新安江) and the Chishui River (赤水河), and a good situation of coordinated governance between upstream and downstream and left and right banks is forming.

In May this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment and other departments jointly issued the "Beautiful Rivers and Lakes Protection and Construction Action Plan (2025-2027)," which proposed to vigorously promote the protection and construction of beautiful rivers and lakes, improve the health level of river and lake ecosystems, and support high-quality development with high-level protection. This is another comprehensive deployment of water ecological environmental protection after the "Water Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan," which has milestone significance.

At present, the emission reduction dividend effect of end-of-pipe treatment in China is gradually weakening. Strengthening source prevention and control and promoting the green and low-carbon transformation of industries have gradually become the fundamental策 to further reduce pollutant emissions and improve the quality of the ecological environment.

"We must resolutely abandon the development model that destroys the ecological environment, vigorously promote the green and low-carbon transformation of production methods and lifestyles, promote ecological industrialization and industrial ecology, adhere to protection in development and development in protection, and realize the coordination of economic and social development and population, resources, and environment in river and lake流域," said Wang Jinnan.

Walking in the Ulansuhai Lake (乌梁素海), there are many more migratory birds than in previous years. Bayannur (巴彦淖尔), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), has transformed from simply "treating lakes" to systematically "treating流域." The water quality of Ulansuhai Lake has continued to improve, and biodiversity has continued to increase. At the same time, the development of tourism and the promotion of the resource utilization of reeds have反哺 the governance and protection of Ulansuhai Lake, realizing a win-win situation for ecological and economic benefits.

"'Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets,' this is actually增值的." Adhering to Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization as a guide, unswervingly following the path of ecological priority and green development, comprehensively promoting the protection and construction of beautiful rivers and lakes, and supporting high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment, beautiful pictures of harmony between man and water will continue to be displayed on the land of China, and rivers that benefit all things and benefit the people will奔流不息.

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First Edition Editors: Xu Nuo, Zhang Shuaizhen, Luan Xinyi; Second Edition Editors: Jiang Xuejie, Qi Jiarun, Guo Xueyan; Third Edition Editors: Wu Gang, Zhou Zhou, Li Anqi; Fourth Edition Editors: Hu Anqi, Chen Zhen, Zhang Xueyan

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Why the "Strategic Pivot" Has More Confidence (Commentary)

**Dialogue Participants:**

Li Zheng (李拯), *People's Daily* Commentator

Ai Dan (艾丹), *Hubei Daily* Commentator

Li Zheng (李拯): Hubei's economic performance in the first half of the year is outstanding. Its economic growth rate of 6.2% not only ranks first in the central region and third in the country, but also achieves significant growth in exports, consumption, and the added value of high-tech manufacturing. When General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) inspected Hubei (湖北), he emphasized "accelerating the construction of an important strategic fulcrum for the rise of the central region." Now, the "fulcrum" has become increasingly confident.

Ai Dan (艾丹): The signs of victory or defeat are first seen in the spirit. In Jingmen (荆门), there is a "running spirit" that allows 2,000 acres of clean land to be delivered to a lithium battery company in one month. In Xiaogan (孝感), there is a "321 spirit," with an average of 3 projects signed, 2 projects started, and 1 project put into production every day for a period of time, forming a "snowball" effect for industrial development.

Behind these spirits is a kind of determination. The Party Central Committee's positioning of Hubei (湖北) is the direction of Hubei's (湖北) development. The clearer the direction, the more determined the action. Expanding domestic demand and optimizing supply, deeply integrating technological innovation and industrial innovation, promoting both opening up to the outside world and opening up internally, using both effective markets and proactive governments, and promoting mutual progress in work style construction and economic development have jointly formed the momentum of Hubei's (湖北) economic development in the first half of the year.

Li Zheng (李拯): Promoting the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation is something that all regions are doing. What experiences in Hubei (湖北) are worth learning from?

Ai Dan (艾丹): "Integration" can only truly be implemented if it has carriers and mechanisms. The construction of the three major systems that Hubei (湖北) is vigorously promoting is an observation window, namely advanced manufacturing clusters, full-chain tackling of key problems, and university innovation systems. The "Optics, Integrated Circuits, Display Panels, Intelligent Terminals, and Internet" (光芯屏端网) sector, which leads the five trillion-level pillar industries, has spawned a large number of industry-education integrations.

Li Zheng (李拯): The key is to achieve a virtuous cycle of education, technology, and talent in order to transform the advantages of science and education into real productivity.

Ai Dan (艾丹): Taking major tasks as the traction is an effective method. For example, in order to break through the "bottleneck" problem of automotive chips, Dongfeng Motor Corporation (东风公司) took the lead in forming the "Automotive-Grade Chip Industry Technology Innovation Consortium" to organize scientific researchers, including those from many universities and research institutes, to collaboratively tackle key problems. Establishing problem orientation and goal orientation can naturally coordinate various resources with goal tasks as the traction, forming a collaborative mechanism of "enterprises proposing topics, the government establishing topics, joint answering, and the market judging."

Li Zheng (李拯): From a horizontal comparison, Hubei's (湖北) foreign trade performance is the most contrasting with people's impressions. The total import and export volume exceeded 400 billion yuan for the first time, and exports increased by 38.5% year-on-year. It is not easy to achieve this achievement against the background of a severe international economic and trade situation. As an inland province, how does Hubei (湖北) achieve "flying against the wind" in foreign trade?

Ai Dan (艾丹): Convenient transportation is the foundation. At Hubei's (湖北) Ezhou Huahu Airport (花湖国际机场), "an airplane takes off or lands on average every two minutes." 45 international routes form a global 8-hour transportation circle, realizing "reaching the whole country overnight and reaching the world the next day." In addition to transportation interconnection, the growth of emerging industries is also a key factor. For example, the lasers developed by Raycus Laser (锐科激光) support 40-meter-long fiber optic cable customization without attenuation, while similar products in Europe and the United States only support 20 meters. This technological gap makes European and American customers insist on purchasing even if they bear high tariffs. This shows that inland areas can get rid of traditional location thinking and build competitiveness through "localized R&D + globalized market," and can also find a new way to develop an export-oriented economy.

Li Zheng (李拯): This is actually a new change in China's economic development. Chongqing Guoyuan Port (重庆果园港) uses the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor (西部陆海新通道) to connect rivers to the sea, and Hunan Huaihua International Land Port (湖南怀化国际陆港) has opened up a cross-border international logistics channel... As the national unified market takes shape, inland areas can also transcend geographical restrictions and become highlands of opening up. Provinces that take the lead in seizing emerging industrial opportunities can rise against the trend. For example, Anhui (安徽) has risen to become the largest automobile exporting province, and Jiangsu's (江苏) industrial robot exports have increased significantly. Developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions and building competitiveness on new tracks is a "moat" for gaining industrial competitive advantages and resisting external shocks.

Ai Dan (艾丹): Hubei's (湖北) development also benefits from "acting under the overall situation." Hubei (湖北) has taken the initiative to connect with major national development strategies such as the Yangtze River Economic Belt (长江经济带) development strategy and the rise of the central region strategy, jointly building the "urban agglomeration on the Yangtze River in the middle reaches on rails" (轨道上的长江中游城市群), the "Hubei-Hunan-Jiangxi on the canal" (运河上的鄂湘赣), and the "Mid-Triangle on the science and innovation chain" (科创链上的中三角), taking the initiative to integrate into the national innovation chain, and focusing on national development in Hubei (湖北).

Li Zheng (李拯): From the changes in one region, we can observe the new changes in the overall situation. From Hubei's (湖北) "reversal," we can observe new opportunities and new trends in China's economy. The construction of a national unified market brings new opportunities, and the smooth flow of factor resources throughout the country is changing the existing industrial layout and domestic demand pattern. The pursuit of "high" and "new" industries brings new opportunities, and late-developing provinces can use new industrial tracks to achieve a **弯道超车** (wān dào chāo chē - "curve overtaking," to surpass competitors by taking advantage of new opportunities or technologies). Coordinated regional development brings new opportunities, and the synergy between regions and within regions is closer, opening up new development space. Facing a complex and volatile internal and external environment, we must not only see the difficulties, but also keenly capture the new trends in China's economy. Whoever seizes the new opportunities first will be able to take the initiative in the future and achieve greater development.

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Inspiring the "Three Strengths" of Pioneering and Progress (On-the-Spot Commentary)

By: 王 者

Maintain a clear head, a positive attitude, and a pragmatic style, find favorable conditions for solving problems, and concentrate efforts on managing our own affairs well.

Walking into Yuanziya Village (渊子崖村), Banquan Town (板泉镇), Junan County (莒南县), Linyi (临沂), Shandong (山东), a gentle breeze blows, and the cicadas chirp crisply. At the north end of the village, the Anti-Japanese Martyrs Memorial Tower stands tall and majestic. In 1941, facing the siege of Japanese and puppet troops, the villagers fought desperately against the enemy with土 guns and farm tools.

Transcending time and space, the resounding oath of "Swear to never be slaves of a subjugated nation" is still loud and clear, and the development of Junan (莒南), a land soaked in red genes, has undergone earth-shaking changes. The integration of history and practice conveys a sense of strength.

The spirit of working together to overcome difficulties consolidates the foundation for positive development. In 1944, Luo Ronghuan (罗荣桓) led a unit of the 115th Division (115师) of the Eighth Route Army (八路军) to be stationed in Shiquanhu Village (石泉湖村), Junan County (莒南县), and encountered a water shortage. Villagers captured inspiration from the natural phenomenon of "cattle hoof nests storing water," piled up stones, and built a 200-cubic-meter reservoir dam. A pool of clear water still ripples today. In those days, the army and civilians had water to drink. Today, Junan (莒南) has also built a modern water network with a total storage capacity of 590 million cubic meters, and the water supply system extends to every village. From 200 cubic meters to 590 million cubic meters, from a "life-saving dam" to a "development canal," behind it is the support of the wisdom of the masses, the support of technological progress, and the original intention of benefiting the people. No matter how the times change, when encountering difficulties, working together and overcoming them will ensure a continuous flow of living water for a better life.

The ingenuity of integrating resources broadens the space for comprehensive rural revitalization. In the Chaxichuan (茶溪川) rural complex in Zhubian Town (洙边镇), Junan (莒南), tens of thousands of acres of tea gardens are lush and green, and tea pickers hum the tune of "Yimeng Mountain Ballad" (沂蒙山小调). This used to be an important transportation line during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and now it promotes the integration of red resources and modern industries. The rugged paths for delivering intelligence have become sightseeing trails. The mountains and forests where revolutionary predecessors concealed themselves for combat are covered with fresh tea leaves; through live broadcast rooms, young people in the village are letting the fragrance of tea fill the country. A rural complex drives the joint development of 21 surrounding villages and attracts more than 1,000 people to work. Red resources are valuable resources that can be inherited in a living state. If the direction is right and the method is chosen correctly, this living state will have the vitality for development.

The pioneering spirit of innovation and creation supports the cause of self-reliance and self-improvement. In the Yimeng (沂蒙) Revolutionary Memorial Hall, a well-cast iron cannon was created by the villagers of Yuanziya Village (渊子崖村). At that time, hoes, shovels, and other "iron tools" were also made into "shells," which were used to repel enemy attacks many times. Leaving the memorial hall and driving 50 kilometers, we arrived at Shandong Better New Materials Co., Ltd. (山东百特新材料有限公司). After thousands of experiments, the company successfully developed ultra-pure electronic-grade chip polishing liquid raw materials, filling the gap in related fields in China. From self-made weapons to independent research and development, from the battlefield to the market, the core of innovation and creation is consistent. No matter what stage we are in, no matter what kind of siege we face, as long as we have the spirit of daring to break through and the energy to delve into things, we can come up with good ideas and find new ways.

Developing forward will always face various challenges, and the process also breeds various opportunities. Crisis and opportunity are common things encountered in progress. As long as we have courage and confidence, dare to break through and be good at innovation, we don't have to be afraid. This is also a kind of "those who aim for ease will not succeed, and those who avoid difficulties will not advance" mentality. Whether it is a mountain village, a county, or a region, promoting high-quality development will encounter the adjustment and transformation between old ways and new expectations, old routines and new requirements. This requires maintaining a clear head, a positive attitude, and a pragmatic style, finding favorable conditions for solving problems, and concentrating efforts on managing our own affairs well. Strengthening the determination to overcome difficulties together, implementing actions to revitalize resources, and promoting continuous creation will surely broaden the world for the development of the cause.

The flames of war have gone far away, the spirit is eternal, and the time to forge ahead is now. In the Yimeng (沂蒙) Base Area Mass Work Exhibition Hall (沂蒙根据地群众工作展馆) in the courtyard of the former site of the Shandong Provincial Government (山东省政府) and the Headquarters of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army (八路军115师司令部) in Dadian Town (大店镇), Junan (莒南), an immersive red education class is underway. The students who come to study have transformed into villagers of Yuanziya Village (渊子崖村), "traveling through time and space" to rack their brains to resist aggression, and the continuation of the spirit has turned into sweat on the children's foreheads and flushed eyes. From this, the sense of historical weight and the innovation of the times come to us; from this, the inheritance of the new generation and the progress of the new era also reflect each other. From it, we can see the future and see the future.

(The author is a reporter from the Shandong Branch of this newspaper)

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Photo Story

On August 17th, the 12th World Games closed in Chengdu, Sichuan (四川成都). This World Games included 6,679 athletes, team officials, and technical officials from 116 countries and regions. It was the largest and most attended event in history, providing a broad stage for competitive exchange for various non-Olympic and niche sports, vividly demonstrating the diversity and pluralistic charm of sports.

This is precisely:

Niche sports also have thousands of friends,
Competing fiercely, each showing their skill.
Gathering from all corners of the world on the Jinjiang (锦江) Riverbank,
To experience an even stronger friendship.

With Ge Wen (歌文)

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Slowing Down the Wrinkles: Youth Shouldering Responsibility for Chinese Modernization (Following the Chinese Path, Realizing the Chinese Dream)

By: 格西王姆

Being away from home, the elderly residents of the nursing home call me from time to time to check in. Being kept in their hearts and minds, I often feel a little dazed: as the director of the nursing home, I am often in the role of "head of the family," but sometimes, I feel like their child.

I am a post-90s person with 16 years of experience in elderly care services. In 2009, I applied to become a caregiver at the Ma'erkang Nursing Home (马尔康敬老院) in Sichuan (四川). Some people distrusted me: an 18-year-old girl might lack patience and care, how could she take care of the elderly's eating, drinking, and toileting? Some people didn't understand: taking care of the elderly is hard and tiring work, why not do something else? Only I knew clearly that taking care of them was like protecting my younger self. I lost my parents at a young age, and the care of the country and the care of relatives protected me as I grew up healthy. People who have been illuminated by light are often more motivated to warm and illuminate others. Many of the elderly in the nursing home have no children, and their later years need someone to take care of them, so why couldn't it be me?

This is a job that requires love and responsibility. If I didn't understand, I asked; if I couldn't do it, I learned; if I wasn't familiar with it, I practiced. Over time, I figured out my own ways of turning over, feeding, and patting the backs of the elderly. Unclogging sewers, changing light bulbs, and doing handicrafts are even more things I can do. In 2019, I was hired as the director of the nursing home. From caregiver to head of the nursing home, the burden became heavier: not only to take good care of the elderly's daily life, but also to consider how to improve their quality of life. In order to help the elderly develop good habits and to strive for more policy and social support, I gradually developed a "thick skin."

Elderly care is not just about caregiving, but also about getting into their hearts. I am a cheerful person, and I always feel that physical aging cannot be stopped, but wrinkles can grow into the heart more slowly. The elderly have little contact with the outside world and are not very good at using electronic devices, so why not bring entertainment to the yard? We set up painting classes and handicraft classes, helped the elderly hold make-up weddings, and organized collective movie viewings, using entertainment methods and a sense of ritual that the elderly like to enrich their lives. I increasingly realized that for the elderly, psychological companionship is just as important as material care. Taking the time to chat with the elderly can make them happy all day long.

Elderly care is a cause that is of common concern to the whole society. It is also this cause that has taken me from the mountains to the big stage. In 2023, I was honorably elected as a deputy to the National People's Congress (全国人大代表). How to play a good role as a bridge and link, and live up to the heavy responsibility? My attention has spread from the small courtyard to the outside world. Contacting departments such as the Ministry of Civil Affairs (民政部) to understand national policies; going to villages and households to listen to the voices of the elderly left behind... I brought opinions and suggestions into the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂), and also brought good news back, striving to speak out and contribute to the grassroots elderly care cause.

Over the years, I have accompanied the elderly and witnessed the changes in the elderly care cause. In the near term, the nursing home has a new home, moving from an old building to a modern health and wellness building with a cinema and activity room; it has changed its name to a nursing home, accepting elderly people from the community to live there; and new people have come, with two post-00s students joining the nursing team. Looking further afield, in Sichuan (四川), community elderly care service complexes have achieved 100% coverage at the provincial street level, and the "15-minute elderly care service circle" for urban home communities has basically taken shape. Fifteen minutes is not only a concept of time, but also a radius of love and care. The continuous optimization of hard facilities and soft environment will surely support more "sunset glow."

The smiles of the elderly demonstrate the warmth of society. Everyone will grow old, their today is our tomorrow, and doing a good job in elderly care today is laying the foundation for future old age, which is inseparable from the common participation of the whole society. With the elderly being supported, enjoying themselves, and making contributions, I am willing to always be a happy watchman, and I firmly believe that there will be more and more people on my path.

(The author is the director of the Ma'erkang Nursing Home (马尔康市养护院) in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture (阿坝藏族羌族自治州), Sichuan (四川))

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Seeking Profitability Through Poetic Expression (Perspectives)

By: 陈奕霖

At dusk, on the shore of Haikou Bay (海口湾), the curved silhouette of the Cloud Cave Library complements the red glow of the sky, as citizens and tourists raise their phones to capture the moving moment. Not long ago, Haikou (海口), Hainan (海南), released a sunset forecast product, making "chasing the sunset" predictable and plannable.

Sunset is a gift from nature, and also a treasure to be mined. Developing the "sunset economy" helps transform natural landscapes into experiential and communicable consumption scenarios. In other words, it is about seeking benefits from poetry—transforming the cultural value and emotional experience brought by the sunset into economic and social benefits.

Seeking benefits from poetry is by no means just relying on 老天赏饭 (lǎo tiān shǎng fàn - "God rewards with food," relying solely on natural advantages or luck). The key to Haikou's (海口) sunset's rapid "breakout" lies in accurately grasping people's consumption psychology and providing emotional value for everyone. On social platforms, "Haikou Sunset (海口晚霞)" is highly associated with keywords such as "relaxation" and "healing," reflecting many people's yearning for a "slow down" sense of ease. Haikou's (海口) launch of sunset forecasts highlights the emotional value of "chasing the sunset," hitting people's hearts and keeping pace with the development of cultural tourism. Empowering cultural tourism with technology, developing "meteorology + tourism," and promoting the synchronous upgrading of urban charm.

Extending poetry and releasing benefits requires careful cultivation. In recent years, the local area has created new business forms and new scenarios around building a "Sunset IP." For example, the "Sunset Concert" provides an immersive art experience with the sunset as the background; the "Sunset Market" brings together boutique cultural and creative products, allowing tourists to take away "sunset memories"; and "Sunset Travel Photography" has become popular, becoming a new growth point in the cultural tourism industry. The potential of the "sunset economy" lies not only in the viewing itself, but also in its derived consumption chain. From a single visual enjoyment to a composite experience integrating music, food, and cultural creativity, the boundaries of cultural tourism consumption are constantly expanding.

The popularity of the "sunset economy" reflects deeper changes. On the one hand, Haikou (海口) continues to promote ecological environment management, and excellent air provides a pure "canvas" for sunset landscapes. On the other hand, the local area continues to optimize the layout of waterfront spaces, with cultural landmarks such as the Cloud Cave Library "blooming" along the coastline, and public facilities such as seaside walkways are constantly being improved, building an excellent "audience seat" for watching the sunset. When the entire coastline becomes an open "sunset viewing corridor," the length of time tourists stay is naturally extended, and commercial facilities and consumption scenarios are also enriched. At the same time, the sunset economy is not only the romance of dusk, but also connects the "day + night" economic chain, becoming the "prelude" to the night economy, further stimulating urban consumption vitality.

Go to a sunset and enjoy a beauty. From a natural phenomenon to an economic resource, from a natural landscape to a cultural symbol, the beautiful sunset is stimulating new hotspots in cultural tourism with a unique aesthetic experience. Under the sky illuminated by the sunset, enacting more vivid practices of transforming ecological value into economic value can better promote the transformation of "momentary beauty" into a "long-term economy."

(Excerpted and compiled from *Hainan Daily (海南日报)*, originally titled *Developing the Sunset IP, Seeking Benefits from Poetry*)

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Using the Rule of Law to Smooth the Path of Credit Repair (People's Daily Commentary)

By: 魏哲哲

Looking at enterprises with a developmental perspective and solving problems with the wisdom of the rule of law will lead to a win-win situation of punishing dishonesty, encouraging trustworthiness, protecting innovation, and promoting development.

Credit is the foundation of a market economy. For enterprises, good credit is an important calling card.

In recent years, the construction of China's social credit system has been advancing in depth. The joint disciplinary pattern of "**一处失信、处处受限**" (yī chù shī xìn, chù chù shòu xiàn - "discredited in one place, restricted everywhere," once discredited, always restricted) has been increasingly improved, and the whole society's awareness of the rule of law and integrity has been significantly enhanced. However, there is also a phenomenon that needs to be guarded against: some enterprises with good development prospects may encounter temporary difficulties due to objective factors such as technological upgrades and market fluctuations. If they are "wrongfully injured" by "one-size-fits-all" credit sanctions, it will not only affect their normal operation, but may even bring irreparable losses.

Not long ago, the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院) issued the "Guiding Opinions on Implementing the 'Law of the People's Republic of China on Promoting the Private Economy.'" Among them, the content related to "improving the mechanism for punishing dishonesty and credit repair" has attracted attention. Whether it is "strictly carrying out disciplinary actions for dishonesty in accordance with laws and regulations, reasonably determining the scope and intensity of disciplinary actions for dishonesty, accurately distinguishing between 'dishonesty' and 'inability to perform,' and giving play to the role of graded and classified disciplinary actions for dishonesty and incentives for trustworthiness," or "establishing a dynamic adjustment mechanism for dishonesty levels, and dynamically adjusting their credit levels every six months based on the performance of obligations by the persons subject to enforcement," a series of targeted measures are conducive to optimizing the business environment and stimulating market vitality.

This also brings about thinking: how to use the rule of law thinking and the rule of law methods to deeply promote the construction of a good credit ecology?

Two examples give inspiration.

One is about precise punishment. A certain automobile company (汽车公司) and a certain technology company (科技公司) in Shanghai (上海) were applied for compulsory enforcement due to contract disputes, but failed to fulfill their promises in a timely manner.

Are the enterprises "maliciously dishonest" or "temporarily unable to perform"? After on-site investigation, the Changning Court (长宁法院) in Shanghai (上海) believed that the enterprises had mastered key core technologies and had promising development prospects, but only encountered temporary financing difficulties. The court adopted measures such as enforcement guarantees that had less impact on the enterprises' business development, and avoided including them in the list of dishonest persons. At the end of March this year, the enterprises obtained financing and took the initiative to fulfill their obligations, and the difficulties were readily solved.

One is about flexible repair. A certain plastic technology company (塑料科技公司) was included in the list of dishonest persons for violating the property reporting order because its capital chain was tight due to technological upgrades and it failed to repay the loan. Affected by credit sanctions, the company was unable to refinance and expand production, and fell into a dilemma of "having orders but no funds, and having production capacity but no credit."

How to break the situation? The Jiangxi (江西) court found that the enterprise was not maliciously evading debt and still had development potential. With the consent of the creditors, the court issued a credit repair certificate and suspended credit sanctions. Within half a year, the enterprise repaid its debts and regained its vitality.

Opening the door to credit repair is a good way to stimulate market vitality. Practice shows that credit punishment is not the goal. Through precise policies, promoting integrity through restraint and promoting development through repair is a better solution. At present, various localities and departments are actively exploring to "help" business entities that are "honest but unfortunate," and law enforcement has both strength and warmth. In 2024, the number of persons on the list of dishonest persons subject to enforcement in national courts decreased for the first time in a decade; 2.821 million person-times returned to the market through credit repair, an increase of 35.4% year-on-year. One "decrease" and one "increase" demonstrate that strict and fair justice empowers the optimization of the business environment.

Bridging the "integrity gap" and allowing more business entities that have temporarily fallen to start lightly and return to the track cannot be separated from the optimization of the system. Not long ago, the General Office of the State Council (国务院办公厅) issued the "Implementation Plan on Further Improving the Credit Repair System," which directly addresses the difficulties and blockages in credit repair, aiming to build a unified, standardized, coordinated, efficient, convenient, and smooth new pattern of credit repair. From the unified credit information publicity platform to the simplification of credit repair application materials, and then to the improvement of the objection appeal handling mechanism, making credit repair more efficient and accessible can remove the "shackles" for honest enterprises and help them participate in market competition.

Building a good credit ecology is not only a technical-level rule adjustment, but also a profound transformation of governance concepts. Looking at enterprises with a developmental perspective and solving problems with the wisdom of the rule of law will lead to a win-win situation of punishing dishonesty, encouraging trustworthiness, protecting innovation, and promoting development, and better help the high-quality development of the economy and society.

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This edition's editors: Li Haoran, Sheng Yulei, Li Tielin

This edition's email: rmbpl@peopledaily.cn (Please indicate the column name when submitting manuscripts)

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Serve as a Good Bridge and Link, Empower the Development of Private Enterprises

By: 本报记者 杨 昊

Building a unified national market is a requirement for constructing a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development.

The private sector is a vital force in advancing Chinese-style modernization and an important foundation for high-quality development. In the first half of this year, 4.346 million new private enterprises were established nationwide, a year-on-year increase of 4.6%. As a bridge and link between the Party and the government and private business people, federations of industry and commerce (工商联) in various regions have effectively enhanced the sense of gain for private enterprises and injected momentum into the construction of a unified national market by increasing the promotion of pro-enterprise policies, building platforms for exchange and cooperation, and optimizing the legal business environment.

Promoting Pro-Enterprise Policies

Clearing the "Last Mile" for Policy Implementation

"How should the collection of R&D expenses for small and medium-sized enterprises match the three types of policy standards?" "How can the registration of technology contracts and the identification of 'three new' (三新) be declared in coordination?" In July of this year, the "Sci-Tech 'Government' Speaks" series of policy briefings hosted by the Haidian District Federation of Industry and Commerce (海淀区工商联) in Beijing (北京) was held at the Digital Valley 5G Metaverse Experience Center. The Beijing Science and Technology Policy Promotion Group (北京市科技政策宣讲团) interpreted key policies, attracting representatives from many emerging technology companies to participate. The relevant负责人 (fù zé rén - person in charge) of the Haidian District Federation of Industry and Commerce (海淀区工商联) introduced that they will continue to build a platform for communication and exchange between the government and enterprises, promptly transmit various pro-enterprise policies, and continuously stimulate corporate innovation vitality.

In recent years, federations of industry and commerce (工商联) in various regions have carried out activities such as "entering enterprises, solving problems, delivering policies, and promoting development" (进企业、解难题、送政策、促发展). Through surveys,座谈会 (zuò tán huì - symposiums), and other forms, they accurately grasp the needs of enterprises and promote the implementation of policies that benefit and assist enterprises. At the same time, they regularly conduct research on the implementation of legal guarantee policies and measures, clearing the "last mile" for equal treatment policies in market access, bidding, and government procurement.

Federations of industry and commerce (工商联) at all levels in Hebei Province (河北省) have visited a total of 1,456 enterprises and chambers of commerce, helped private enterprises solve 387 various problems and demands, carried out 240 policy publicity and special training activities, and pushed 365 enterprise-related policies and 114 policy interpretations through the "Digital Federation of Industry and Commerce" platform, effectively helping enterprises solve practical problems.

Targeting small, medium, and micro enterprises and individual businesses, the Guangdong Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce (广东省工商联) and the Provincial Taxation Bureau (省税务局) and other departments have carried out the "Spring Rain Moisturizing Seedlings" (春雨润苗) special action, promoting tax departments to use tax big data to accurately push tax preferential policies, and customize solutions through "one enterprise, one policy" (一企一策), changing "people looking for policies" to "policies looking for people."

The Lucheng District Federation of Industry and Commerce (鹿城区工商联) in Wenzhou City (温州市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省), weaves a dense information network of enterprise needs, builds a "top-down linkage, multi-party collaboration" assistance system, and accurately collects demands such as policy implementation, financing loans, and talent introduction through the "face-to-face communication + problem ledger" model, forming a "source traceable, responsibility clear, closed-loop management" problem list.

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More and more private enterprises are accurately and timely grasping pro-enterprise policies, allowing policy dividends to be implemented from "paper" to the "books" of enterprises, and serving enterprises to take root "zero distance."

Solving Pain Points and Difficulties

Building a Supply and Demand Docking Platform

In November 2024, the Ningxiang City Federation of Industry and Commerce (宁乡市工商联) in Hunan Province (湖南省) organized 29 entrepreneurs to enter Hunan Changfeng Electric Power Group (湖南长峰电力集团) to carry out the "Production and Sales Docking Exchange Salon" activity. Entrepreneurs conducted on-the-spot inspections of production processes and conducted discussions and cooperation around product application scenarios, business management, and other topics. Organizing industry chain docking meetings, production and sales salons, and other activities to promote the conclusion of procurement agreements by enterprises in multiple fields; launching a "collaborative procurement" platform to accurately match 280 member companies in groups, promoting more than 50 pairs of cooperation... The Ningxiang City Federation of Industry and Commerce (宁乡市工商联) strengthens the connection between enterprises and promotes the formation of an upstream and downstream collaborative industrial integration model among enterprises in the region.

Currently, federations of industry and commerce (工商联) in various regions are actively building enterprise supply and demand docking platforms, encouraging large private enterprises to play a demonstrative and leading role, driving upstream and downstream industry chain enterprises to integrate into the construction of a unified national market, actively expanding effective investment, and promoting the formation of a domestic cycle with mutually reinforcing supply and demand, coordinated production and sales, and smooth efficiency.

The Qinhuangdao City Federation of Industry and Commerce (秦皇岛市工商联) in Hebei Province (河北省) carried out the "Linking Hundreds of Associations and Thousands of Enterprises to Help Economic Circulation" resource docking activity. By building platforms, integrating resources, and optimizing services, it promotes the precise docking of upstream and downstream industry chains, production and supply, and large, medium, and small enterprises among members of the Federation of Industry and Commerce (工商联), and promotes the efficient flow of production factors.

Wuhan City (武汉市) in Hubei Province (湖北省) has introduced the "Golden Bridge Plan" (金桥计划) to serve the private economy, building a docking bridge between technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises and incubators, venture capital institutions, scientific research institutes, large enterprises, and government departments, forming a number of distinctive industrial clusters with strong innovation capabilities.

Federations of industry and commerce (工商联) in various regions also actively promote enterprise management innovation and technological upgrading, stimulating the endogenous动力 (dòng lì - "driving force," internal impetus) and innovation vitality of private enterprises.

On July 10, the "National Federation of Industry and Commerce Innovative Growth-oriented Private Enterprise Empowerment Docking Activity" was held at the Guangzhou Private Science and Technology Innovation and Exhibition Center (广州民营科技创展中心) in Guangzhou City (广州市), Guangdong Province (广东省), building a high-quality platform for innovative growth-oriented private enterprises to exchange cooperation and empower development. Nearly 200 people, including government departments, enterprise representatives, financial institutions, and experts and scholars, participated. Several intelligent manufacturing companies gave wonderful roadshows, focusing on displaying the latest scientific research results in the fields of industrial robots, new energy, and semiconductors.

Diversified Dispute Resolution

Optimizing the Legal Business Environment

"I really didn't expect that the problem could be solved here without going to court. The efficiency is too high." On August 5, the负责人 (fù zé rén - person in charge) of a manufacturing company in Suzhou (苏州) said at the "Ronghe Court" (融和法庭) in the Comprehensive Service Center of the Chamber of Commerce in Hai'an City (海安市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省). On that day, relying on the "Court + Chamber of Commerce" diversified dispute resolution mechanism, a cross-city enterprise contract dispute was successfully resolved, and the two companies shook hands and made peace.

The rule of law is the best business environment. The "Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Accelerating the Construction of a Unified National Market" (中共中央国务院关于加快建设全国统一大市场的意见) proposes to accelerate the creation of a stable, fair, transparent, and predictable business environment. In recent years, people's courts at all levels have worked together with the Federation of Industry and Commerce (工商联) to promote the continuous improvement of the diversified dispute resolution mechanism in the private economic field, forming a new pattern of diversified dispute resolution of "Court + Chamber of Commerce" (法院+商会), resolving enterprise-related disputes efficiently, conveniently, at low cost, and without harming harmony.

Chambers of commerce are familiar with enterprises and industries, and have natural advantages in mediating enterprise disputes. "When disputes arise between enterprises, their first thought is to find us for a 'cup of tea'." Li Haiting (李海庭), deputy director of the Mediation Committee of the Chendai Town Chamber of Commerce (陈埭镇商会) in Jinjiang City (晋江市), Fujian Province (福建省), leads a mediation team composed of entrepreneurs, industry experts, and community负责人 (fù zé rén - person in charge) to set up multiple mediation liaison stations in shoe material markets, industry associations, and other areas, realizing "small things do not leave the park, and big things do not leave the chamber of commerce" (小事不出园区，大事不出商会), and has resolved more than 2,000 economic disputes.

Currently, federations of industry and commerce (工商联) at all levels and their affiliated chambers of commerce fully发挥 (fā huī - "bring into play," give full play to) the basic role of mediation in preventing and resolving contradictions and disputes, and have become an important force in optimizing the legal business environment. At present, the Federation of Industry and Commerce (工商联) system has established more than 6,900 chamber of commerce mediation organizations with more than 16,000 mediators.

The People's Mediation Committee of the Jiang'an County Chamber of Commerce (江安县商会) in Yibin City (宜宾市), Sichuan Province (四川省), innovatively explores the "customized mediation +" model, realizing full-process tracking through the management of sub-lists, joint lists, dispatch lists, and return lists, and the customized service that accurately matches needs significantly improves the quality and efficiency of mediation.

Relying on the advantages of the "Ten Thousand Offices Linking Ten Thousand Associations" (万所联万会) mechanism, the Chongqing Jiangnan Commercial Mediation Center (重庆江南商事调解中心), with the support of the Nan'an District Federation of Industry and Commerce (南岸区工商联), the District Justice Bureau (区司法局), and the Lawyers Association (律师协会), has formed 24 consultant teams to regularly carry out activities such as "legal checkups" to investigate, monitor, and early warn enterprise-related disputes.

Federations of industry and commerce (工商联) organizations at all levels, in promoting the active integration of private enterprises into the construction of a unified national market, are based on the actual needs of enterprises, find innovative breakthroughs from the pain points of enterprise development, reduce transaction costs with platform-based services, and promote fair competition with legal means, contributing to stimulating the vitality of various business entities and serving high-quality development.

(Min Jinghan (闵靖涵) participated in the writing)

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Earning Trust with Sincerity, Winning the Market with Trust (Talking "New" with Entrepreneurs)

By: 本报记者 王乐文 方 敏 张文豪

Henan Xuchang Pangdonglai (河南许昌胖东来), a company that has boosted the popularity of an entire city, is hailed by netizens as a "6A-level scenic spot with no off-season." Recently, a reporter conducted a face-to-face interview with Yu Donglai (于东来), chairman of Pangdonglai Commercial Group (胖东来商贸集团), focusing on some hot topics. Yu Donglai (于东来) shared his understanding of high-quality development and his pursuit of service quality.

-- Editor

"The emphasis on 'people' is the key to our success."

Question: You once said that if Pangdonglai (胖东来) could not adhere to its own pursuits, it might choose to close down. What do these pursuits refer to?

Answer: When I was young, I also did a lot of work and lost a lot of money. It wasn't until 1995 that I began to understand the ins and outs of doing business. In the past, when I lost money in business, I only thought about paying back what I owed to others. Later, when I had the ability, I wanted to serve society like Lei Feng (雷锋) and Jiao Yulu (焦裕禄). How specifically? If I open a supermarket and can let the people buy safe products, I am also being a person with pursuits.

Question: Is the model of high salaries and high benefits for employees a violation of business logic?

Answer: I don't think so. In 1999, I earned 17 million yuan, and at the end of the year, I decided to give 50% to the employees. If you treat employees well, employees treat customers well, and customers treat society well, this forms a virtuous cycle, and the enterprise will develop in a positive and benevolent direction.

The emphasis on "people" is the key to our success. I am good friends with many entrepreneurs, and we usually share some business insights. Some aspects of their businesses may be immature, and I am a bit impatient, so I help them adjust. Only by respecting employees and empowering the team can the enterprise last longer.

Question: Is this business model replicable and can it be learned from?

Answer: Pangdonglai's (胖东来) business model has aspects that can be learned from, but it is not easy or necessary to completely replicate it. Because each enterprise has a different environment, culture, and team. Our model is gradually formed based on our understanding of employees, customers, and society. If other enterprises only copy some superficial practices, such as high salaries and high benefits, without truly understanding the underlying principles, it is difficult to succeed.

Question: How do you view some of the criticisms online? What troubles do malicious rumors bring to the development of the enterprise?

Answer: In recent years, with more attention, there are more praises and more criticisms, which is normal. Online traffic is a "double-edged sword." It allows more people to pay attention to Pangdonglai (胖东来) and understand our business philosophy, services, and products. But if we overly pursue traffic and ignore the essence of enterprise management, then we are **本末倒置** (běn mò dào zhì - "root end inverted," to put the cart before the horse). Pangdonglai (胖东来) has gained today's attention not because of deliberately pursuing traffic, but because it has always adhered to itself, served customers wholeheartedly, and ensured product quality.

Some criticisms are reasonable, and we immediately rectify them. Some criticisms carry malicious slander, and the development of the enterprise may be completely negated due to one-sided attacks. We cannot ignore this and must take measures to protect our legitimate rights and interests. I hope that relevant laws and regulations can be further improved and refined so that rumors can be curbed in a timely manner.

"We don't want to sacrifice quality and customer experience for the sake of scale."

Question: Some enterprises increase profits by lowering supplier quotations and regard this model as a rule of the retail industry. What do you think of this?

Answer: This is short-sighted and not conducive to the healthy development of the entire industry. Many enterprises are engaged in "involution" competition and price wars, which is very hard, and they end up not making any money and "involuting" themselves to death. The gross profit margin of goods cannot be too low; if it is too low, it does not respect the goods.

If I were to make a suggestion, enterprises should put more effort into quality control. If the product is not good, change the product. Remove products that are not so good and put products that are trustworthy on the shelves; if employees' abilities are not ideal, give employees more training and raise their salaries.

Question: Pangdonglai (胖东来) has closed some stores that are still profitable. What is the business judgment behind this?

Answer: Closing some stores that are still profitable is because we pay more attention to the quality of the enterprise's operations. We have developed more than 1,000 types and tens of thousands of pages of operating manuals, covering different business formats, departments, and positions, and we keep them dynamically updated. With the manuals, we must also ensure that they are all put into practice. Some stores may be profitable, but there may be some problems in terms of business model, customer experience, etc., which do not conform to the enterprise's development philosophy, so we would rather close the stores. We don't want to sacrifice quality and customer experience for the sake of scale.

Question: Currently, Pangdonglai (胖东来) has not yet expanded beyond Henan (河南). Why is this? How should one choose between cultivating a region deeply and expanding to a wider market?

Answer: Between pursuing becoming bigger and stronger and pursuing becoming refined and lasting, we believe that becoming refined and lasting is the foundation. Only by doing the enterprise's business philosophy, product quality, service level, etc., to the extreme can the enterprise develop for a long time. Now, we will first operate our existing stores well, continuously optimize management and services, and consider whether to open new stores in suitable locations when conditions are ripe. We do not pursue blind expansion, but rather pursue steady and sustainable development.

Pangdonglai (胖东来) has no intention of becoming a national chain brand or a multinational supermarket giant. Our development values quality over quantity. I hope Pangdonglai (胖东来) can be a model, a catfish, that can activate the service upgrade of the entire industry and enable more enterprises to achieve high-quality development.

Question: Some people say that Pangdonglai (胖东来) has created a competitive advantage through integrity. Is this true?

Answer: Business is not only about pursuing profit; in the long run, it should be about building trust. Pangdonglai (胖东来) has insisted on letting the word "integrity" take root in recent years. We strictly implement the "no-reason return and exchange" policy and establish a "500 yuan complaint award," which seems to increase the enterprise's costs, but in fact, it has earned us a good reputation.

Adhering to integrity is not only a moral choice but also a business wisdom. We spend a lot of effort building a central kitchen to produce bean sprouts and other foods, and the profit is very meager, but we still insist on doing it in order to meet the needs of the people. Pangdonglai (胖东来) has chosen a difficult but correct path—to exchange sincerity for trust and to win the market with trust. Current practice proves that we have taken the right path.

Question: Pangdonglai's (胖东来) frontline employees do not have to report layer by layer and can respond to customer needs immediately. How are employee empowerment and enterprise management unified?

Answer: We trust our employees and give them full trust. We believe that employees are on the front line and understand customer needs best, and empowering them can make services more efficient and more attentive. At the same time, through comprehensive training and enterprise culture construction, we make employees understand their responsibilities and missions. Employee empowerment and enterprise management are unified through fair systems, full trust, and cultural guidance, with the aim of making employees feel at home and providing customers with better services.

"We can't just hope that others or the country will do it; we have to do it ourselves."

Question: Some people believe that consumption is currently being downgraded. What do you think of this view? In the context of comprehensively expanding domestic demand and boosting consumption, how should private enterprises determine their own development pace?

Answer: China's economy is a vast ocean. The consumption volume of more than 1.4 billion people is unmatched by other countries. Some people are singing down China's economy, saying that consumption is sluggish. Come and see Pangdonglai's (胖东来) stores, and you will understand; where is it sluggish? If some people are not spending money, is it possible that it is because the quality of products and services is low, and the use or experience is uncomfortable?

Now, many places in our country are at the forefront of the world. We are taking our own path, with our own pace, and we don't need to keep the strings too tight. Some aspects can be lowered a bit, and the development speed can be more reasonable, and the quality will be higher.

Question: The development of enterprises is inseparable from a good business environment. What should the relationship between the government and enterprises be?

Answer: The government's support for enterprises is crucial. The government has given us great support in all aspects, allowing us to focus more on operations. At supermarket intersections, there are traffic police assisting in duty; when online infringements occur, intellectual property and market supervision departments can actively help.

At present, the business environment is constantly being optimized, providing good development opportunities for private enterprises. A good business environment is created by everyone together. If we undermine each other and lose trust in each other, everyone will suffer.

Question: In the face of current challenges, how can we give play to the spirit of entrepreneurs in the new era?

Answer: The private economy is very important in China and is a force that cannot be ignored. If more good private enterprises grow up, our country will have better development.

In 1999, I went to Shanghai (上海). Through the window of Shanghai (上海), I saw the world. At that time, Carrefour (家乐福) was the object of my learning. Now, many domestic and foreign supermarkets come to Xuchang (许昌) to visit. China's experience can also be learned from by the world.

Everyone hopes to have a sincere and beautiful development environment. We can't just hope that others or the country will do it; we have to do it ourselves. As an entrepreneur, it is a great thing to be able to share the worries of the country. Giving play to the spirit of entrepreneurs in the new era means working together to promote society in a better direction.

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China's northernmost high-speed railway in frigid region marks its 10th anniversary

By: 本报记者 郭晓龙

At 6:00 AM, on the platform of Harbin Station (哈尔滨站) in Heilongjiang (黑龙江), the bullet train departs on time, heading towards Qiqihar (齐齐哈尔).

On August 17th, the Harbin-Qiqihar High-Speed Railway (哈齐高铁), China's northernmost high-speed railway operating in cold regions, celebrated its 10th anniversary of operation. Over the past 10 years, the Harbin-Qiqihar High-Speed Railway has accumulated over 81.89 million kilometers of safe operation, transporting over 100 million passengers.

The Harbin-Qiqihar High-Speed Railway, which began operation in 2015, covers half of Heilongjiang Province's population and 60% of its economic output, reducing the journey from Harbin (哈尔滨) to Qiqihar (齐齐哈尔) from 5 hours to 1 hour and 24 minutes. The number of daily bullet train pairs has increased from an initial 20 to 54.

"Enjoy Western food in Harbin (哈尔滨), eat pit-roasted meat in Daqing (大庆), and head straight to barbecue restaurants in Qiqihar (齐齐哈尔)," said Chen Yuxing (陈宇星), a tourist from Beijing (北京), showcasing the "high-speed rail food map" recommended on social media. The Harbin-Qiqihar High-Speed Railway has not only shortened the distance in time and space but also activated distinctive resources along the route such as ice and snow sculptures and petroleum research tourism, promoting talent mobility and industrial integration.

How can trains travel at a speed of 250 kilometers per hour in extremely cold environments where the average winter temperature drops to minus 30 degrees Celsius? Breaking through the ice requires technological support.

In the early morning, Shen Yuhang (申宇航), a foreman from the Qiqihar Power Supply Section (齐齐哈尔供电段), boards the comprehensive inspection vehicle to "test run" the entire line. "The power supply safety detection and monitoring system on the vehicle can capture 17 high-definition photos per second," Shen Yuhang (申宇航) introduced while displaying a set of photos marked "extremely cold weather," "Even the slightest ice on the contact network or the slightest displacement of screws cannot escape its 'eyes.' Infrared thermal imaging is like an ultrasound, accurately detecting subtle hidden dangers caused by extreme cold." These "cases" accumulated in winter are repeatedly analyzed and used to optimize maintenance plans.

At the Harbin EMU Depot (哈尔滨动车段), engineer Zhang Chengyi (张成一) clicks the mouse, and several high-definition images marked "2024-2025 Winter" pop up on the screen. "The dark areas are typical icing points captured by the EMU operation fault image monitoring system last winter," Zhang Chengyi (张成一) pointed to the screen and said, "Hundreds of high-speed cameras on the system will take 'full-body photos' of the speeding trains. The system can also 'understand' the photos, identifying where ice has formed and which parts may be frozen, helping to accurately initiate graded snow removal plans."

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2025 China (Guangzhou) Cross-border E-commerce Trade Fair Concludes

Guangzhou, August 18th (Reported by Li Gang (李刚) of this newspaper) The 2025 China (Guangzhou) Cross-Border E-commerce Trade Fair closed on the 17th in Guangzhou (广州), Guangdong (广东). With the theme of "New Momentum for Foreign Trade, New Digital Future," this trade fair featured more than 1,000 supply chain companies, 42 cross-border e-commerce platforms, and nearly 200 ecological chain service providers, attracting over 60,000 professional visitors from home and abroad. Among them, Guangdong (广东) had 594 participating companies. Guangzhou (广州) Beauty, Foshan (佛山) Home Appliances, Zhongshan (中山) Lighting, Shantou (汕头) Toys, and 18 other advantageous industrial belts established themed exhibition areas in the form of industrial alliances.

The trade fair held over 30 online and offline themed forum events, providing abundant docking opportunities for cross-border e-commerce exhibitors and buyers, helping cross-border e-commerce companies seize new opportunities and achieve new development.

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5G Network Coverage Reaches 93.0% of Administrative Villages in Hebei

According to the Hebei Provincial Communications Administration (河北省通信管理局), as of the end of June this year, the number of rural broadband users in Hebei Province (河北省) has increased from 4.259 million in 2015 to 14.920 million, an increase of 250.3%.

Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," Hebei Province (河北省) has continued to promote the construction of "dual gigabit" networks in rural areas, achieving the goal of "5G coverage in every township" ahead of schedule, with a 5G network coverage rate of 93.0% in administrative villages.

Hebei Province (河北省) has continued to promote the construction of communication infrastructure in rural areas, consolidating the foundation for rural digital development, and has cumulatively built 24.236 million rural broadband access ports in the past 10 years. It has organized and carried out a series of projects focusing on solving the urban-rural gap, such as special governance for the maintenance of rural communication lines, the "Signal Upgrade" special action, and speed increase and fee reduction, achieving continuous 5G coverage on inhabited islands and the mainland coastline.

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The majority of domestic AI model training uses Chinese data for over 60% of the content.

Beijing, August 18th (People's Daily reporter Wang Yunshan (王云杉)) - The reporter learned from the National Data Administration (国家数据局) that Chinese data plays an important role in improving the training performance of domestic large models. The proportion of Chinese data used in the training of most domestic models has exceeded 60%, and some models have reached 80%. The development and supply capacity of high-quality Chinese data continues to increase, promoting the rapid improvement of the performance of artificial intelligence models in China.

In the era of artificial intelligence, Token is the smallest data unit for processing text. Liu Liehong (刘烈宏), Director of the National Data Administration (国家数据局), introduced that at the beginning of 2024, the average daily consumption of Tokens in China was 100 billion. As of the end of June this year, the average daily consumption of Tokens has exceeded 30 trillion, an increase of more than 300 times in a year and a half, reflecting the rapid growth of the scale of artificial intelligence applications in China.

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This edition's editors: Lü Zhongzheng, Wu Yan, Wang Donghui

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Retain the Universiade's Splendor, Take Away Chengdu Memories

By: 本报记者 陈晨曦 季 芳 王明峰 王 亮

Core Reading

On the evening of August 17th, the 12th World Games in Chengdu (成都), Sichuan (四川) came to a close. Over these days, nearly 4,000 athletes from 116 countries and regions challenged themselves and pursued excellence on the World Games stage. The Chengdu (成都) World Games, blending international flair and Bashu (巴蜀) flavor, not only brought niche sports into the public eye but also became another window for the world to understand China.

From hosting the Universiade to hosting the World Games, Chengdu (成都), Sichuan (四川) once again presented the world with a sports event with international standards, Chinese style, and Bashu (巴蜀) charm, vividly demonstrating the myriad facets of Chinese-style modernization. José Perurena, President of the International World Games Association, said: "The holding of the Chengdu (成都) World Games has set a new benchmark for future events."

Competition Breakthroughs Uphold the Sports Event

In the name of sports, gather in the beautiful Rongcheng (蓉城). Over the past 11 days and nights, a sports event of "Unlimited Sports, Myriad Visions" has left a deep impression.

This World Games has cumulatively broken 18 world records, with athletes from 52 countries and regions winning gold medals, and athletes from 81 countries and regions ascending the podium. The number of winning countries and regions is the highest in the history of the World Games. The Chinese sports delegation won 36 gold, 17 silver, and 11 bronze medals, totaling 64 medals, ranking first in both the gold medal and medal counts, achieving the best results in China's history of participating in the World Games.

Beyond the dazzling overall results, the connotation is even richer.

The number of gold medal-winning events has increased significantly. At this World Games, the Chinese sports delegation won gold medals in 18 events (sub-events), and 45 athletes stood on the highest podium. The number of World Games gold medal-winning events (sub-events) in China has increased significantly from the previous cumulative 14 to 23.

Advantageous fields shine brightly. The Chinese team set world records in the women's speed relay in climbing and the women's 4×50m relay in finswimming; swept the gold and silver medals in events such as women's speed individual and women's speed relay in climbing, and men's speed slalom and women's freestyle slalom in freestyle roller skating; and won medals in every participating event in Wushu, climbing, aerobics, breaking, and freestyle roller skating.

Inclusion of disabled athletes transcends self. 10 disabled athletes won 5 gold and 1 silver medals in freediving, jujitsu, and archery, demonstrating the development achievements of China's disabled sports and the cause of disabled persons.

"We will take the Chengdu (成都) World Games as a new starting point, further promote the deepening of reforms in the sports sector, create conditions for the popularization and promotion of more sports, improve their level, and participate in international exchanges, and promote the vigorous development of various sports," said Zhang Xin (张新), deputy head of the Chinese sports delegation.

This World Games also created several historic breakthroughs, with the largest number of events set in history. Regarding the inclusion of traditional Chinese sports such as dragon boat racing and Wushu into the competition schedule, José Perurena believes that this is one of the important achievements of this event, "These projects carry very rich cultural accumulation."

Heartwarming Moments Build Bridges of Communication

Inside and outside the arena, heartwarming moments that transcend competition forge friendships and build bridges for mutual learning among civilizations.

On the women's soft hockey field, a Thai athlete had tears in her eyes as the audience sang her a birthday song. "Growing one year older in China is the most special birthday gift," she said. After the completion of the mixed doubles ultimate frisbee competition, Estonian athletes Lait and his wife took photos and exchanged ideas with Chinese frisbee enthusiasts. The common love for sports has brought everyone closer.

In the World Games Village, Thai athletes experienced Sichuan (川剧) opera water sleeves, Italian athletes made Xinjin (新津) rope weaving... Rich and colorful cultural displays and interactive experience activities allowed athletes from all over the world to gain unique "Chinese memories," and also allowed the profound heritage of outstanding Chinese traditional culture to radiate new brilliance in exchanges.

As the highest-level international comprehensive sports event for non-Olympic sports, the World Games provides a broad stage for unique sports and allows guests from all over the world to feel the charm of Chengdu (成都).

After winning the semi-final of the women's light contact 50kg class in kickboxing, Turkish fighter Kelenqi calmly took off her protective gear and took out a panda hairpin to put on her head, which drew cheers from the audience. She said that she is a "senior" panda lover, and her backpack is full of 13 panda souvenirs.

In order to allow the participating athletes to feel the unique charm of Chengdu (成都), Chengdu (成都) selected 17 locations connected into 7 urban cultural sightseeing experience routes with park city, fashion business district, and Chengdu (成都) fireworks as the main lines. "The Giant Panda Breeding Research Base is the first choice for many people, and Wuhou Temple (武侯祠), Global Center (环球中心), Kuanzhai Alley (宽窄巷子) and other locations are also very popular," said Wang Feng (汪锋), head of the urban work service department of the Chengdu (成都) World Games Executive Committee.

The quadrangle courtyard with green bricks and gray tiles reveals simplicity, and the snack stalls along the street are filled with steaming heat... Kuanzhai Alley (宽窄巷子), which retains historical traces, has become a "check-in point" for members of foreign delegations. In Dujiangyan (都江堰), athletes closely observed the three main projects of Yuzui (鱼嘴), Feishayan (飞沙堰), and Baopingkou (宝瓶口), and felt the diversity and inclusiveness of ancient Shu (蜀) culture. "The Dujiangyan (都江堰) water conservancy project is simply a miracle," said Hoffman, a Czech Wushu athlete.

The Chengdu (成都) World Games, blending international flair and Bashu (巴蜀) flavor, has become another window for the world to understand China.

Sports Space Enhances Urban Temperament

In the wave of the Chengdu (成都) World Games, emerging projects such as squash, roller skating, parkour, and flag football have attracted countless fans.

Various emerging projects have "broken the circle" through the World Games, and niche sports are gradually integrated into the daily lives of the public, expanding options for national fitness. In Chengdu (成都), flag football is attracting more and more citizens to "join the circle."

Coming from the stadium to the "golden corners and silver edges" of the city, the enthusiasm for national fitness has extended to the urban fabric of Rongcheng (蓉城).

Roller skating training camps under overpasses, ultimate frisbee arenas in city parks, all-age fitness equipment in community corners... Chengdu (成都) is constantly enriching the sports space around citizens and enhancing the city's temperament through upgrading actions such as "increasing green and adding color to the city" and "improving the appearance of the city."

Chengdu (成都) has currently built 830 new Tianfu Greenway (天府绿道) spaces and opened 130 "World Games Spaces," with various experience scenarios and events attracting more than 100,000 participants.

The holding of the World Games not only ignited sports passion but also increased the city's popularity.

According to data from the Chengdu (成都) Entry-Exit Border Inspection Station, from July 1 to August 15, the number of foreign passengers entering Chengdu (成都) reached 69,000, an increase of 72.5% year-on-year. Ctrip data shows that during the Chengdu (成都) World Games, the number of inbound tourists to Chengdu (成都) increased by 31% year-on-year. From the perspective of popular tourist destinations chosen by inbound tourists, the Chunxi Road (春熙路) and Taikoo Li (太古里) commercial districts accounted for more than 40%.

"Thank you, Chengdu (成都)," "Coming to China is my most unforgettable memory," "You must try hot pot"... The opinion books placed in various venues of the World Games are filled with heartwarming messages from athletes. Friends from all over the world are embarking on their return journey with beautiful "Chengdu (成都) memories," and more stories about struggle, unity, and dreams will continue in this city.

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Chinese men's basketball team achieves best result in a decade

By: 本报记者 范佳元

On August 17th, local time, the 2025 FIBA Men's Asia Cup, held in Jeddah (吉达), Saudi Arabia, concluded all its matches. The Chinese team narrowly lost to the Australian team 89-90 in the final to win the runner-up, achieving its best result in the Asia Cup in the past 10 years. In the third and fourth-place match, the Iranian team defeated the New Zealand team to win the third place.

The Men's Asia Cup was formerly known as the Men's Asian Championship. The Chinese men's basketball team won the last Asian Championship title in 2015. After the competition system reform, the Asian Championship was renamed the Asia Cup, and the Australian and New Zealand teams from Oceania joined the event. In the 2017 and 2022 Asia Cups, the Chinese men's basketball team ranked fifth and eighth respectively.

In this competition, the Chinese team successively defeated the Saudi team, the Indian team, and the Jordanian team, and advanced to the top eight with the first place in the group. In the quarter-finals, the Chinese team defeated the South Korean team, and in the semi-finals, they defeated the New Zealand team, advancing to the final again after 10 years and finally winning the runner-up. Guo Shiqiang (郭士强), the head coach of the Chinese team, said: "It is a pity to lose the game by one point, but the game process was very exciting. In this Asia Cup, we took every game seriously, and every player performed very well."

This Asia Cup is the first appearance of the Chinese men's basketball team coached by Guo Shiqiang in the international competition. Since he took over the team a year ago, the Chinese men's basketball players have made significant improvements in their individual abilities and technical and tactical levels: shooting percentage, free throw percentage, average number of assists per game, and control of errors and other technical indicators rank among the top. This is also an important reason why the Chinese team can compete with the world's strong basketball team, Australia, throughout the game.

"Our 12 people are a cohesive team, and we will encourage each other when we encounter any difficulties on and off the court," said Hu Mingxuan (胡明轩), a player of the Chinese team. In this Asia Cup, Hu Mingxuan scored 26 points in the final and hit many key goals. Although the last shot was not made, the sideline ball tactics were successfully executed, creating scoring opportunities, reflecting the team's progress in technical and tactical aspects.

"This time we fought with the Australian team until the last moment, and this one-point difference needs to be made up for with more hard training. I hope the Asia Cup is just a beginning, and I also hope that the Chinese men's basketball team will get better and better in the future," said Zhao Rui (赵睿), a player of the Chinese team.

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ABC Pension Golden Years: Dedicated Service, Building a People-Satisfied Pension Finance Bank with Distinctive Features

"ABC Pension" covers three major areas: pension finance, pension service finance, and pension industry finance. It strengthens the technological support of pension finance, enhances the protection of consumer rights in pension finance, and is committed to building a high-quality pension financial service system, prospering the pension financial ecosystem, and wholeheartedly serving the pension life of the people.

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Editor in Charge for This Section: Lin Lin, Tang Tianyi, Gao Ji

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A Fulfilling Holiday, A Colorful Life (New Era Picture Scroll)

Running and playing in the fields, wandering in the sea of books in the library, broadening horizons in the museum... During the summer vacation, children either receive red education, get close to nature, or enjoy sports, releasing their nature, strengthening their bodies, cultivating interests, and increasing their knowledge in free exploration, spending a happy and fulfilling holiday. For children, every childhood memory is precious; for the whole society, we should make full use of the summer vacation time to meet children's interests and curiosity and build a bridge between knowledge and fun. This visual report focuses on children's colorful holiday life and records their happy childhood with the camera.

--Editor

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Summer Vacation: A Time for Growth Spurts (Quick Commentary)

By: 曾亦辰

Children are like saplings; their growth requires soil nutrients, sunshine, and rain, as well as enough space to stretch their branches and leaves. When the school bell temporarily stops ringing, the world outside the classroom becomes a fertile field for growth.

The endless wonderful activities of summer vacation witness innocent and carefree moments of growth. Exploring the mysteries of nature in outdoor study tours, appreciating the desert scenery amidst the sounds of camel bells, and sweating on the sports field... In a balanced rhythm of growth, the holiday is by no means a "third semester" for filling gaps and "overtaking on a curve," but rather another world for children to release their nature.

Summer vacation is also a precious time for the "roots" of knowledge to freely extend. Through explanations, touching the fiery temperature of red faith; through hands-on attempts, feeling the vibrant vitality of intangible cultural heritage. These immersive experiences cannot be provided by the classroom, but they inject irreplaceable nutrients into the minds and bodies of children. May more children have fun and learn from their experiences, and gain unique experiences during the rest of the holiday.

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This edition's editors: Zhang Yanchun, Kang Yan, Liu Juanxi

Layout Design: Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)

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Six Words to Understand the Powerful Practice of the "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" Concept

This year marks the 20th anniversary of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." This concept profoundly reveals that protecting the ecological environment is protecting productivity, and improving the ecological environment is developing productivity, pointing out a new path to achieve coordinated and symbiotic development and protection. Entering the new era, under the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平)'s ecological civilization thought and the leadership of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," China has seen bluer skies, greener mountains, clearer waters, and a more beautiful environment, with the people's sense of ecological gain continuously improving. We have selected ecological hot words and invited experts and scholars to analyze and interpret the practical power of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" for our readers.

——Editor

"Double Carbon" Goals

An Important Starting Point for Promoting Harmonious Coexistence Between Humans and Nature

Chen Ying (陈迎)

In September 2020, President Xi Jinping (习近平) solemnly announced the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality at the general debate of the 75th United Nations General Assembly. China strives to reach peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and strives to achieve carbon neutrality before 2060. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the guidance and promotion of Xi Jinping (习近平)'s ecological civilization thought, especially the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," China has sounded the clarion call to accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. Achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality means a broad and profound systemic economic and social change. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made arrangements for green development, emphasizing the coordinated promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, and actively and steadily promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Currently, achieving the "double carbon" goals has become an important starting point for implementing the green development strategy and promoting the harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.

Carbon peaking refers to the point when carbon dioxide emissions reach a historical peak, and then experience a plateau period before entering a continuous decline. It is the historical turning point when carbon dioxide emissions change from increasing to decreasing. Achieving carbon peaking usually means that the economic and social development of a country or region is decoupled from carbon dioxide emissions, which is one of the important signs of green and low-carbon transformation. Carbon neutrality refers to a state in which anthropogenic carbon emission sources and anthropogenic absorption sinks reach a balance within a period of time. Achieving carbon neutrality means that human activities no longer significantly increase anthropogenic interference with the Earth's climate system, and a stable climate system is crucial for natural ecosystems and sustainable human development.

China's "double carbon" goals are a solemn commitment to the international community, demonstrating the responsibility of a major country. In December 2015, nearly 200 parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change reached the Paris Agreement at the Paris Climate Change Conference, which clarified the global emission reduction goals. As of April this year, 195 parties around the world have proposed or updated their nationally determined contribution goals, and about 150 countries have proposed carbon neutrality goals. In the five years since the "double carbon" goals were proposed, China, with the responsibility of a major country in building a community with a shared future for mankind, with the proactive action of "not what others want us to do, but what we must do ourselves," and with the pragmatic spirit of 言必行，行必果 (yán bì xíng, xíng bì guǒ - "what is said must be done, and what is done must be fruitful," one must be true to one's word and resolute in one's actions), has firmly embarked on the path of green and low-carbon development and achieved remarkable achievements that have attracted worldwide attention.

Good top-level design has built a "1+N" policy system for the "double carbon" goals. In recent years, a large number of policy documents have been issued from the central to local levels, covering multiple departments and fields, and including various policy tools such as carbon markets, carbon footprint management, green finance, and green standards. The policy system has clear goals, reasonable division of labor, effective measures, and orderly connection, making the promotion of "double carbon" work traceable.

Significant progress has been made in the green and low-carbon development of energy. Energy is the foundation and driving force of social and economic development. With the continuous growth of energy demand, energy transformation must take the lead. The national electricity industry statistics released by the National Energy Administration show that as of the end of June this year, the cumulative installed power generation capacity nationwide was 3.65 billion kilowatts, an increase of 18.7% year-on-year. Among them, the installed capacity of solar power generation was 1.10 billion kilowatts, an increase of 54.2% year-on-year; the installed capacity of wind power was 570 million kilowatts, an increase of 22.7% year-on-year.

Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality are not two goals, but two stages of one goal. Only high-quality peaking and the green and low-carbon transformation of development methods can lay a solid foundation for subsequent progress towards carbon neutrality. In April 2025, President Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out in his speech at the Leaders Summit on Climate and Just Transition: "No matter how the international situation changes, China's actions to actively address climate change will not slow down, its efforts to promote international cooperation will not weaken, and its practice of promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind will not stop." To deeply understand the strategic connotation of the "double carbon" goals, we must adhere to the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," firmly adhere to the confidence and determination to take the path of green and low-carbon development, and take the "double carbon" work as an important starting point for promoting ecological civilization construction and accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of the economy and society, making persistent efforts and never slackening.

(The author is a researcher at the Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

Beautiful Economy

Achieving the Unity of Ecological, Economic, and Social Benefits

Gao Shiji (高世楫) Wang Hongshuai (王红帅)

General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Lucid waters and lush mountains are not only natural wealth and ecological wealth, but also social wealth and economic wealth." The concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" emphasizes the dialectical unity of ecological environmental protection and economic development, providing a fundamental guideline for promoting high-quality development and building a Chinese-style modernization in which humans and nature coexist harmoniously. In May 2015, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to Xinjian Community (新建社区) in Dinghai District (定海区), Zhoushan City (舟山市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省) during his research in Zhejiang (浙江). Seeing that the local area used its natural advantages to develop rural tourism and other characteristic industries, the income of the masses generally increased, and their lives were getting better and better, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) said, "This is a natural oxygen bar, a 'beautiful economy,' which confirms the truth that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." This profoundly pointed out the connotation and characteristics of the "beautiful economy." The "beautiful economy" mainly refers to a new economic form that takes the protection and optimization of the ecological environment as a prerequisite, and transforms resource advantages, environmental advantages, and ecological advantages into industrial advantages, economic advantages, and development advantages through ecological industrialization and industrial ecology, ultimately achieving the unity of ecological, economic, and social benefits. It has ecological priority, industrial integration, and people's livelihood inclusiveness. The "beautiful economy" is an important practice of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," and aims to promote the mutual promotion of ecological civilization construction and economic and social development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平)'s ecological civilization thought, the construction of a beautiful China has been deeply promoted, and various regions have actively laid out new tracks for the "beautiful economy," with the continuous emergence of the "beautiful +" model, promoting the "beautiful economy" to move towards higher quality and more sustainable directions.

Promoting industrial integration and urban-rural co-beauty is an important engine for stimulating the vitality of the "beautiful economy." Huzhou City (湖州市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省) has achieved "one scene per household, one painting per village, and one landscape per region." Anji County (安吉县) has created mechanisms such as the "Common Prosperity Zone of Thousands of Rural Homestays" and "Two Shares and Three Benefits," lighting up the rural "beautiful economy." Sanming City (三明市), Fujian Province (福建省) relies on its ecological advantages to vigorously develop new formats such as "cultural tourism + snacks," "cultural tourism + health care," and "cultural tourism + sports." Lanling County (兰陵县), Shandong Province (山东省) explores the model of "civilized education + cultural and creative industries + beautiful countryside," combining intangible cultural heritage, folk customs, and rural tourism to develop a "beautiful economy" characterized by ecological and cultural resources. From the strategic blueprint of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project to the "turning green into gold" and industrial-urban integration explored in many places, the "beautiful economy" has become an effective path to promote the realization of the value of ecological products and high-quality economic and social development.

The environment is the people's livelihood, green mountains are beauty, and blue skies are happiness. The "beautiful economy" takes beautiful ecology as the foundation of development and the basis of inclusiveness, responding to the people's growing needs for a better life, especially the expectations for "environmental beauty" and "development beauty," so that the people can enhance their sense of gain, happiness, and security in the process of sharing the beauty of nature and the beauty of life. As an important starting point for promoting the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development and an important way to promote green development and build a beautiful China, the "beautiful economy" has become an important link connecting urban and rural areas and activating regional development potential, playing an increasingly important role in helping the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, promoting coordinated regional development, and achieving common prosperity.

The "beautiful economy" is not only a new growth point for economic development, but also an important symbol of social civilization progress. To further release the development vitality of the "beautiful economy," we must always adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平)'s ecological civilization thought, deeply implement the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," fully explore regional cultural characteristics and ecological and humanistic values, and integrate cultural creativity and aesthetics into "beautiful economy" products and services. Encourage "beautiful +" and "+ beautiful" model innovation, vigorously develop green industries such as ecological agriculture, ecological tourism, forest health care, energy conservation and environmental protection, clean energy, and beautiful health, cultivate and expand new formats and new models, and promote the continuous extension of the industrial chain towards high-end, intelligent, green, and low-carbon.

(Authors' affiliation: Institute of Resources and Environmental Policy, Development Research Center of the State Council)

Realizing the Value of Ecological Products

Enhancing the Supply Capacity of High-Quality Ecological Products

Hu Jun (胡军)

On August 15, 2005, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) went to Yucun Village (余村) in Anji (安吉), Zhejiang (浙江) for inspection and research, and first proposed that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." Over the past 20 years, the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" has been continuously enriched and improved, profoundly reflecting the deepening of our party's understanding of the laws of ecological civilization construction, the laws of socialist construction, and even the laws of human social development. Establishing and improving the mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products is an important path to practice the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." Since the new era, the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and the mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products has been continuously improved and perfected. The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed "enhancing the production capacity of ecological products." The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China wrote "enhancing the awareness that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" into the newly revised Party Constitution. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed: "Establish a mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products and improve the ecological protection compensation system." The Decision of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed: "Accelerate the improvement and implementation of the system and mechanism for realizing the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets."

Under the guidance and promotion of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," various regions and relevant departments have worked closely together to carry out a series of work focusing on the realization of the value of ecological products. From 2017 to March 2025, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment has successively named 572 ecological civilization construction demonstration zones and 240 "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" practice and innovation bases; the Ministry of Finance has arranged transfer payment funds for key ecological function zones to actively promote the deepening of the reform of the ecological protection compensation system; the Ministry of Natural Resources has released typical cases of realizing the value of ecological products; and so on.

Only by protecting green mountains and clear waters can we turn lucid waters and lush mountains into invaluable assets. During the "June 5" Environment Day this year, the "2024 China Ecological Environment Status Bulletin" released by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment showed that the national ecological environment quality continued to improve, and the environmental safety situation remained stable. In March this year, the "2024 China Natural Resources Bulletin" released by the Ministry of Natural Resources showed that China's artificial forest area and grassland area both rank first in the world. Against the background of the continuous reduction of global forest resources, China has achieved continuous "double growth" in forest area and forest stock for many years, and the green background of high-quality development is more distinct.

The realization of the value of ecological products is connected to lucid waters and lush mountains on one end and invaluable assets on the other, with constantly surging innovation vitality, surging market demand, and the most inclusive people's livelihood and well-being in the middle. From the forestry carbon sinks in Fujian (闽) and Jiangxi (赣) to the desert photovoltaics in the Northwest, from the ethnic culture in Guizhou (贵) and Yunnan (云) to the ice and snow economy in the Northeast, from the tea industry and flower industry to the bird watching economy and under-forest economy, from selling scenery and selling air to "selling" life and "selling" culture, the operating and development models of ecological products are constantly innovating, the market trading system is gradually being established, and the ecological protection compensation mechanism is becoming increasingly sound. A green revolution based on ecology, industry as a link, and innovation as an engine is booming across China.

At the same time, it should be noted that compared with the people's needs for a better life and the realistic needs of high-quality development, the current research on major issues such as the basic theory, technical methods, and policy system for realizing the value of ecological products needs to be further strengthened. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical stage for China's high-quality economic and social development and an important window period for achieving a comprehensive green transformation. It is necessary to further deepen system and mechanism reforms and innovations, break through institutional barriers, and effectively eliminate bottlenecks such as insufficient participation of main actors, low market acceptance, and insufficient matching of factors.

From the perspective of top-level design, it is necessary to coordinate the relationship between an effective market and a capable government, exert efforts with both "hands," effectively eliminate market barriers, improve the efficiency of factor flow, enhance the uniformity of rules, and improve the vitality and efficiency of realizing the value of ecological products. From the perspective of local practice, it is necessary to adhere to innovation-driven and adapting to local conditions, base on local characteristics, explore diversified and personalized transformation models, and avoid rushing into action, blind development, "involutionary" competition, and low-level repetitive construction. From the perspective of regional coordination and urban-rural integration, it is necessary to promote precise matching of supply and demand between regions, strengthen collaborative governance, smooth factor flow, establish a integrated development mechanism connected by ecological products, and promote the formation of a "grand chorus" of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing in the whole society.

(The author is the director of the Xi Jinping (习近平) Ecological Civilization Thought Research Center)

Strengthening Ecological Protection and Restoration

Systematically Reshaping the Path of Economic and Social Development

Qin Tianbao (秦天宝)

The concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" is a profound development philosophy and a paradigm shift that touches on national governance, the logic of economic development, and even the lifestyle of society. Taking the specific practice of strengthening ecological protection and restoration as a starting point, this concept systematically reshapes the path of economic and social development, demonstrating its magnificent practical power.

The practical power of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" stems first from its fundamental redefinition of the concept of "development" at the philosophical level. For a long time, human society has been generally trapped in the linear growth logic of industrial civilization, regarding nature as an external resource that can be infinitely exploited by humans, leading to a sharp opposition between development and protection. The major contribution of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" lies in its perspective of the overall system view containing Eastern wisdom, revealing the intrinsic value of the ecosystem and laying the ecological foundation for economic and social development. Strengthening ecological protection and restoration is no longer a passive behavior of "repaying debts" for past development, but a strategic behavior facing the future. This theoretical leap provides us with a scientific worldview and methodology for correctly handling the relationship between humans and nature and promoting high-quality development.

The innovation of thought will inevitably lead to the reshaping of governance methods. Under the guidance of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," China's ecological and environmental protection cause is bidding farewell to the past governance methods of "fragmentation by departments and regions" and fragmented functions of management departments. What has replaced it is a systematic governance framework that emphasizes integrity, effectiveness, and long-term perspective. This new type of governance framework is mainly established relying on two major pillars. One is the coordination and integration of spatial planning. Taking the ecological and environmental protection of the Yangtze River (长江) and Yellow River (黄河) as examples, China has innovatively established a coordinated mechanism for the entire basin, breaking down administrative division barriers, and implementing basin-wide territorial spatial planning to integrate restrictive indicators such as ecological protection red lines, environmental quality baselines, and resource utilization upper limits throughout the upstream and downstream and left and right banks, achieving full-chain control from source governance to end-of-pipe prevention and control. The second is the incentive and constraint of governance motives. The performance evaluation of local governments is no longer solely based on GDP, and the weight of green indicators such as ecological environment quality, resource utilization efficiency, and ecological restoration effectiveness has been increased to an unprecedented level. These two major pillars not only clarify the value orientation of governance, but also optimize the structural framework of governance, jointly ensuring that ecological protection and restoration are efficiently promoted as an indivisible whole.
Parallel to the reshaping of governance methods is the fundamental reconstruction of the logic of economic development. The essence of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" lies in opening up the transformation channel between "lucid waters and lush mountains" and "invaluable assets." The key is to build a completely new eco-economic system. In this system, strengthening ecological protection and restoration itself becomes a process of creating new value and spawning new industries. At present, China is actively exploring diverse paths to transform ecological advantages into development advantages. On the one hand, by establishing ecological compensation funds and promoting horizontal fiscal transfer payments, the contributions of ecological protection areas can receive reasonable economic returns, which is essentially a confirmation of the value of "lucid waters and lush mountains" as public ecological products. On the other hand, by developing green finance, establishing a carbon emission trading market, and exploring the accounting of gross ecosystem product, ecological resources are scientifically quantified in value and enabled to enter market circulation. These explorations have spurred the vigorous development of green industries such as energy conservation and environmental protection, clean energy, and ecotourism, achieving a virtuous cycle of development through protection and higher-level protection through development.

The practice of strengthening ecological protection and restoration is being precipitated into a green and low-carbon social lifestyle for the people, and internalized into a new social ethos. From the widespread promotion of garbage classification to the prevalence of low-carbon travel, from nationwide voluntary tree planting to participation in wildlife protection, the people's heartfelt protection of the environment and reverence for nature is the deepest and most lasting manifestation of the great power of the practice of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets."

From the perspective of green development, the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" provides a scientific answer to the question of "what kind of development to achieve and how to achieve development." By promoting a systemic transformation covering philosophy, governance, economy, and society, it elevates the strengthening of ecological protection and restoration from a specific task to an organic component of the country's overall development, contributing a Chinese solution to global sustainable development that combines profound development insights with powerful practical effectiveness.

(The author is the Director of the Institute of Environmental Law at Wuhan University (武汉大学))

Green Productivity

Making Green Development the Foundation of High-Quality Development

Zhao Jianjun (赵建军)

The concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" is an original and iconic concept of Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on ecological civilization. Based on the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, it promotes the dialectical unity of natural productivity and social productivity, giving strong impetus to the cultivation and development of green productivity.

Productivity is the ability of mankind to utilize and transform nature. The history of human civilization shows that without a good ecological environment and abundant natural resources, the development of productivity is like water without a source and a tree without roots. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Protecting the ecological environment is protecting productivity, and improving the ecological environment is developing productivity." "Green development is the foundation of high-quality development, and new quality productivity itself is green productivity." Therefore, we must properly handle the relationship between high-quality development and high-level protection, and develop green productivity on the basis of the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. As an advanced productivity quality that conforms to the new development concept, green productivity focuses on resolving the contradictory relationship between economic development and environmental protection. On the one hand, it emphasizes the "lucid waters and lush mountains" foundation of productivity development, and on the other hand, it focuses on the "invaluable assets" effectiveness of productivity creation. It is a vivid embodiment of the theoretical meaning and practical power of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets."

From a theoretical dimension, green productivity not only enriches and develops Marxist productivity theory but also contains the characteristics of the times that conform to the core content of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." Marxism believes that productivity is the fundamental driving force for social development. In the context of China entering a stage of high-quality development, we grasp the inherent unity of natural productivity and social productivity, abandon the traditional development path of excessive reliance on resources and the environment, and vigorously promote the green transformation of productivity. The concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" serves as our scientific guidance and ideological consensus for handling economic development and ecological protection. Based on a deep understanding of the laws of nature and the laws of economic and social development, it has achieved a major breakthrough in existing development concepts and value orientations and is an innovative measure to alleviate the contradictions between productivity and production relations in the process of modernization. In this sense, the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" reflects the historical transcendence of the green development concept over traditional development concepts, and what it reflects in the category of productivity theory is the development of green productivity, indicating the era vision of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

From a practical level, the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" has given strong impetus to the cultivation and development of green productivity. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the CPC Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core has attached great importance to ecological civilization construction, incorporating it into the "five-sphere integrated plan" and writing ecological civilization-related concepts into the Constitution and the Party Constitution. We adhere to the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," break through the traditional Western model of achieving modernization, and embark on a path of green development that coordinates environmental protection and economic and social development. We actively promote the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure, integrate the concept of green development into all aspects of industrial development, take green technology innovation as the lead, continuously promote ecological industrialization and industrial ecology, promote the green transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, accelerate the construction of a green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system, and explore the transformation of ecological advantages into development advantages. We continue to create a good environment for the development of green productivity, continuously optimize economic policy tools that support green and low-carbon development, improve the policy system and mechanisms for promoting green industrial development and promoting green consumption, continuously cultivate the environmental soil for green productivity, and promote the development and growth of green productivity.

The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for laying the foundation and fully exerting efforts to basically realize socialist modernization. We must firmly establish and practice the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," make strategic, forward-looking, and long-term plans for the development of green productivity in accordance with local conditions, continuously improve the "green content" of development, and make green productivity a future competitive advantage.

(The author is a researcher at the 21st Century Marxism Research Institute of Nankai University (南开大学) - Chinese Academy of Social Sciences University (中国社会科学院大学))

Green, Low-Carbon, and Circular Development Economic System

The Basic Strategy for Solving China's Ecological and Environmental Problems

Zhang Youguo (张友国)

The green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system is the general direction of economic and social development in the world today, and it is highly consistent with the general trend of human civilization evolution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Establishing and improving a green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system and promoting the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development is the basic strategy for solving China's ecological and environmental problems." The modern economic system that we are striving to build must also be a green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system.

The green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system refers to an economic system in which all links of production, circulation, distribution, and consumption conform to the laws of harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and economic development is highly coordinated with the improvement of ecological environment quality. Green and low-carbon innovation-driven, circular links between production systems and living systems, and the unity of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth are the main characteristics of the green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system. Since the new era, the CPC Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core has made a series of decisions and deployments on establishing a green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) proposed: "Establish and improve a green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system." The "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee (二十届三中全会) deployed "promoting the construction of a green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system" as an important task for deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system. In July 2024, the "Opinions on Accelerating the Comprehensive Green Transformation of Economic and Social Development" issued by the CPC Central Committee (中共中央) and the State Council (国务院) clearly stated: "By 2035, a green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system will be basically established." All localities and departments have implemented the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央) and the State Council (国务院), and have vigorously promoted the construction of a green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system in terms of production systems, circulation systems, consumption systems, infrastructure, technological innovation systems, and legal and regulatory policy systems, and have made considerable progress.

Strengthen the green development foundation of the economic system. Vigorously promoting the comprehensive green transformation of production systems and living systems, and continuing to fight the battle against pollution prevention and control in depth, has not only effectively solved the existing environmental pollution problems that have long plagued the people, such as smog, black and odorous water bodies, and domestic waste, but also promoted the development and growth of the environmental protection industry, and curbed the generation of incremental pollution from the source. A series of major ecological construction projects have been launched, and remarkable achievements have been made in desertification, desertification, and rocky desertification control, biodiversity protection, and ecological barrier protection, effectively promoting the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts. Through reforms in systems and mechanisms such as green finance, ecological comprehensive compensation, and paid use of natural resources, major progress has been made in exploring the construction of ecological value realization paths.

Strengthen the low-carbon development strength of the economic system. Since the new era, China's low-carbon development has achieved a strategic upgrade from energy conservation and emission reduction to reducing carbon intensity, and then to actively and steadily promoting carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Along with this process, from 2012 to 2024, China's energy consumption per unit of GDP decreased by more than 26%, becoming one of the countries with the fastest decline in energy intensity in the world. At the same time, the material foundation for China's low-carbon development has been continuously consolidated. As of the end of 2024, China's installed capacity of wind power and solar power has ranked first in the world for 15 and 10 consecutive years, respectively. Low-carbon industries and markets have risen rapidly. As of the end of June this year, the number of new energy vehicles in the country reached 36.89 million, accounting for 10.27% of the total number of vehicles.

Enhance the circular development capacity of the economic system. On the one hand, the waste material recycling network has been continuously improved, the processing and utilization of renewable resources has been continuously strengthened, and the system and mechanism for circular utilization has been continuously improved. As of September 2024, about 150,000 waste material recycling outlets and about 1,800 various large-scale sorting centers have been built nationwide. Projects such as the national "urban mineral" demonstration base, 60 key cities for waste material recycling, and 100 demonstration projects for comprehensive utilization of bulk solid waste have been carried out. In 2024, the comprehensive utilization rate of bulk industrial solid waste in China exceeded 55%. On the other hand, the agglomeration, scale, standardization, and informatization level of the resource recycling industry has been greatly improved. Focusing on improving the green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system, the CPC Central Committee (党中央) established China Resources Recycling Group Co., Ltd. (中国资源循环集团有限公司), the first central enterprise in the field of resource recycling in China.

The gratifying achievements that China has made in the construction of a green, low-carbon, and circular development economic system fully demonstrate the theoretical power and practical power of the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." In comparison with the goals and tasks, we still need to actively develop energy conservation and environmental protection industries, renewable energy industries, new energy vehicle industries, etc., continue to strengthen green and low-carbon technological innovation, vigorously advocate green and low-carbon lifestyles, promote the formation of a spatial pattern, industrial structure, production mode, and lifestyle that saves resources and protects the environment, and promote the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development.

(The author is the Deputy Director of the Institute of Quantitative Economics and Technological Economics of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (中国社会科学院))

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"The problem was taken back for study" - was there any progress later? (New Observations on Cadre Conduct: Visiting the Front Lines to Explore Work Style)

By: 本报记者 王伟健

In the bustling construction site of Zhaojiawan Alley, Bali Village (坝里村), Shengze Town (盛泽镇), Wujiang District (吴江区), Suzhou City (苏州市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), excavators swung their iron arms, demolishing the old road surface; various transport vehicles shuttled back and forth, raising clouds of dust. "Before, it was 'dusty on sunny days and muddy on rainy days' (晴天一身灰，雨天两脚泥 - qíng tiān yī shēn huī, yǔ tiān liǎng jiǎo ní - "dusty body in sun, muddy feet in rain," describing poor road conditions), making travel very inconvenient. Now, this bumpy road is finally going to change," said Qian Xiangrong (钱向荣), a villager living nearby.

This road also left a deep impression on Qi Fangrong (戚芳蓉), the head of the Approval Section II of the Shengze Town (盛泽镇) Public Service Center.

Suzhou City (苏州市) launched the "Experience-Based Service" activity this year: allowing Party member cadres from government offices to step out of their offices and go deep into the masses to experience and examine the business handling procedures and service quality of their units. Shengze Town (盛泽镇) organized cadres to conduct research at the front line, not engaging in "check-in style" research, but rather squatting down to find problems.

As a village with frequent village-enterprise conflicts, Shengze Town (盛泽镇) sent more than 10 cadres from three departments—the Public Service Center, the Comprehensive Law Enforcement Office, and the Social Governance Office—to Bali Village (坝里村) for research. Qi Fangrong (戚芳蓉) and town cadres Wang Xun (王迅), Liu Yue (刘跃), and others went to the village together for research.

"The contradictions in our village can be seen from an internal road of less than two kilometers," said Ji Zhonghua (计忠华), the Party Committee Secretary of Bali Village (坝里村), with a sense of helplessness. "This road is surrounded by more than a dozen large and small enterprises, and large trucks come in and out all year round, pressing the road into potholes, causing great dissatisfaction among the people."

If the road is broken, why not repair it? Ji Zhonghua (计忠华) said, "Our village has more than 5 million yuan in income every year, and we can afford the money to repair the road, but the road was damaged by large trucks, and the villagers do not agree that the village should pay for it all."

What is the situation when discussing with enterprises? Ji Zhonghua (计忠华) introduced, "Village cadres have visited enterprises many times to talk, and they have not said they will not pay, but they cannot come up with a plan that everyone agrees on."

Qi Fangrong (戚芳蓉) and others walked along this road several times, but they ran into a snag the first time they went to villagers' homes to investigate the situation. "You just like to do superficial work. What's the use of not being able to get money? If this road could be repaired, would we have waited until today?" The villager's words were full of "fire."

When they came to a textile enterprise again, the person in charge, Guo Yongfu (郭永福), said, "We only have a dozen employees here, and the benefits have not been good in recent years. You should go to the larger enterprises next door."

After the visits, Qi Fangrong (戚芳蓉) and Ji Zhonghua (计忠华) discussed and gathered the business operators together to negotiate in the village committee's conference room. "The money for road repairs should be paid by large enterprises." "The village has so much income every year, the village should repair it." "We are just tenants, and if we want to pay, we should go to the landlord." The business operators talked at once, and the first consultation meeting did not reach a consensus.

Cadres went down to find problems, but they could not be solved immediately, so they had to take the problems back for research. Can there be a follow-up? Villagers and business operators were not sure, and Ji Zhonghua (计忠华) did not have much hope.

After returning, the cadres who went down explained the relevant situation to the town leaders, and a solution still had to be studied. Qi Fangrong (戚芳蓉) buried herself in her desk to sort out the materials, opened the densely packed notebook, and sorted out the contents of each statement made by the business operators at the consultation meeting. Qi Fangrong (戚芳蓉) said, "The problem is that everyone does not trust each other, not that there is no money. Our preliminary plan is to apportion the construction funds according to the size of the enterprise's occupied area." The cadres began to systematically sort out the road repair plan: how to manage the money, how to repair the road, and who is responsible for the follow-up management.

Before long, the cadres who went down returned to the village and organized the business operators to negotiate several times. This time, Qi Fangrong (戚芳蓉) and others focused on the details of road repairs, communicating with the business operators one by one and item by item.

Qi Fangrong (戚芳蓉) later learned that Guo Yongfu (郭永福) was a very good person, and he always generously helped the villagers when they encountered difficulties. Qi Fangrong (戚芳蓉) said, "If there is a gap between the business operator and the village, Guo Yongfu (郭永福) may be able to act as a bridge." Through several consultation meetings, Guo Yongfu (郭永福) saw the village's road repair plan, and his attitude also changed. Guo Yongfu (郭永福) promised to pay on the spot and also agreed to go with the cadres who went down to visit and do the work of other business operators.

Soon, more than 1 million yuan of "crowdfunding funds" was transferred to the designated account, and the village immediately started bidding, and the road renovation project started quickly.

Investigation and research are the beginning of solving problems, and the final implementation often involves all parties. More than 700 cadres who went down came from various departments and units in Shengze Town (盛泽镇). In the face of complex problems, how to avoid perfunctory and shirking situations in various departments?

Zhou Lei (周蕾), a member of the Shengze Town (盛泽镇) Party Committee and director of the Party Building Work Office, said, "Shengze Town (盛泽镇) has listed a list of responsibilities for each functional department, and through digital empowerment, it has realized the whole process tracking of 'online submission - automatic dispatch - limited time completion'."

"I have a very tricky thing, can it be handled?" Jiang Jingwei (蒋晶伟), deputy director of the Shengze Town (盛泽镇) Party and Government and People's Congress Office, who went down to Jinghu Community (镜湖社区), was stopped by Shen Jue (沈珏), the owner of the top floor of Building 5 in Xinyueyuan Community (馨悦苑小区), when he visited the community for "experience-based service." It turned out that in 2022, the community carried out rain and sewage diversion改造, but the newly replaced drainage vent pipe had a problem. The pipe opening was directly facing the top floor window, and the stench always rushed into the house.

"I will coordinate and deal with this issue immediately after I go back," Jiang Jingwei (蒋晶伟) asked for Shen Jue's (沈珏) contact information. However, Shen Jue (沈珏) waited for more than ten days without any news. "It seems that these cadres are just here to take a look. How can they go to great lengths to deal with such old problems?" Shen Jue (沈珏) chatted with her neighbors.

In fact, Jiang Jingwei (蒋晶伟) claimed this "project" to the relevant departments as soon as he returned to the town that day, and he wanted to take it to the end. The next day, he connected with the Town Construction Management Office for consultation and found the problem—the construction party did not strictly follow the standards at the beginning.

However, the project had been completed for several years, and it would take a lot of time to find the construction party at that time and negotiate with them for rectification. As the leader, Jiang Jingwei (蒋晶伟) would connect with the functional departments every two or three days to ask about the progress. The matter had a result: because the overall rain and sewage diversion project of the community was still within the acceptance period, the Town Construction Management Office issued a rectification notice to the construction unit according to the relevant project acceptance regulations and ordered it to rework and renovate.

In less than half a month, a high-altitude operation vehicle drove into the community, and the staff carried out heightening operations on the drainage vent pipes one by one. The renovation project of the entire community was completed quickly, and the cost was borne by the previous construction party.

Shen Jue (沈珏) was very satisfied that she could no longer smell the stench when she opened the window. For several months, Shengze Town (盛泽镇) cadres have been going to the countryside and communities, and in the fields and streets, they have been "experiencing-based service" to find problems and solve difficulties. As of now, Shengze Town (盛泽镇) has accumulated more than 9,000 person-times of cadres going down.

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Making the Most of the "Second Half" of Research (Editor's Notes)

By: 徐雷鹏

Investigative research is a fundamental skill for doing good work. Some cadres go deep into grassroots levels during research, listening to public opinion, collecting problems, and also understanding the urgent needs and anxieties of the masses. However, after the problems are brought back, some are put aside due to busy work and lack of research; others, because the problems are complex and require multi-party coordination, cannot come up with solutions for a long time... The research becomes a "half-finished project," and the public sentiment and problem lists painstakingly collected gradually lose their voice in the process of being circulated at various levels.

The weight of the "second half of the article" lies in the fact that it is the touchstone for testing the value of research. Looking downward and stepping downward, going deep into the masses to understand the real situation and accurately identify problems is certainly an important beginning, but it is by no means the end. Discovering problems is the starting point, and solving problems is the true test. We must not stop at bringing the problems back, but also try every means to find the answers. Only by effectively transforming the grassroots problem list into a responsibility list on the shoulders of cadres, and ultimately兑现 (duìxiàn - "fulfill, honor") it into an effectiveness list that the masses can feel, can we open up the "last mile" of policy implementation, resolve those governance dilemmas of being "unsuited to the environment," and truly make research a powerful tool for promoting work.

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Ren Guang: The "National Bugler" Standing Tall Amidst the Smoke of Gunfire (Remembering History, Cherishing the Memory of Martyrs - Anti-Japanese War Heroes)

By: 新华社记者 许晓青

Inside the Shanghai (上海) Hengshan Road (衡山路) No. 811, shaded by plane trees—the "March of the Volunteers" Recording Site Memorial Hall (EMI Studio) (《义勇军进行曲》灌制地纪念馆（百代小楼）)—resonate passionate songs of resistance against Japan. Visitors stand in solemn respect, gazing at a series of portraits of left-wing musicians under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party (中国共产党) in the 1930s, one of which is a posthumous portrait of Ren Guang (任光), a martyr and musician in the war against Japanese aggression.

Ren Guang (任光), a native of Sheng County (嵊县) (now Shengzhou City (嵊州市)), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, went to France in 1919 on a work-study program, studying piano tuning and composition. After returning to China, he served as the director of the music department of EMI Records (上海百代唱片公司) in Shanghai (上海), participating in left-wing progressive cultural and artistic activities with Tian Han (田汉), Nie Er (聂耳), and others, and became a member of the left-wing cultural group—the Music Group (音乐小组).

After the "September 18th Incident" ("九一八"事变) broke out, Ren Guang (任光) used musical notes as bullets, actively engaging in literary and artistic propaganda work to resist Japanese aggression and save the nation. In 1934, the film theme song "Song of the Fishermen" (《渔光曲》), composed by Ren Guang (任光) and with lyrics by An E (安娥), caused a sensation due to the popularity of the film of the same name. This film, "Song of the Fishermen" (《渔光曲》), which reflected the living conditions of the Chinese lower classes at that time, also revealed Ren Guang's (任光) consistent artistic stance. He insisted that composers must experience the lives of the Chinese working masses in order to compose music with the sounds most familiar to the masses.

In 1935, the anti-Japanese war film "Children of the Storm" (《风云儿女》) premiered. Ren Guang (任光), at the EMI Records (百代唱片) music department and the Dian Tong Film Company (电通影片公司) choir, directly promoted the recording and dissemination of the male chorus "March of the Volunteers" (《义勇军进行曲》) in the film. Immersed in the torrent of the war of resistance, he also went to France, Southeast Asia, and other places to carry out anti-Japanese singing activities among overseas Chinese, conducting people in singing "March of the Volunteers" (《义勇军进行曲》) countless times, allowing the voice of the Chinese people's resistance to reach all parts of the world.

In 1940, at the invitation of General Ye Ting (叶挺), Ren Guang (任光) abandoned his pen and joined the army, participating in the New Fourth Army (新四军). To boost morale, he created a batch of new musical works during the march. The following year, in the breakout battle of the Southern Anhui Incident (皖南事变), Ren Guang (任光) was unfortunately hit by stray bullets and heroically sacrificed his life at the young age of 41. Progressive newspapers and periodicals at the time called him the "bugler of the nation," and Ye Ting (叶挺) praised him as the "musical star of China."

According to incomplete statistics, during Ren Guang's (任光) more than twenty years of musical career, he created, recorded, and promoted forty to fifty left-wing musical works. He also created conditions to support progressive youths such as Nie Er (聂耳), becoming a celebrated story in the history of the war of resistance.

On the occasion of commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory against Japanese aggression, a special themed exhibition is being held on the third floor of the "March of the Volunteers" Recording Site Memorial Hall (EMI Studio) (《义勇军进行曲》灌制地纪念馆（百代小楼）) in Shanghai (上海). A batch of precious cultural relics and historical materials from Nie Er's (聂耳) hometown, Kunming (昆明), Yunnan (云南) Province, vividly showcases the deep revolutionary creative friendship between Ren Guang (任光) and Nie Er (聂耳) during the flames of the war of resistance. In Ningbo (宁波), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, the former site of the creation of "Song of the Fishermen" (《渔光曲》), the descendants of the left-wing music group recently joined the audience in enjoying the premiere of the musical "Song of the Fishermen" (《渔光曲》). Everyone exclaimed: "The great spirit of resistance against Japan will be continuously passed down through the power of music."

(According to Xinhua News Agency (新华社), Shanghai (上海), August 10)

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Photo Report

The Military Games and Basic Training Record-Breaking Competition of the Hechi Detachment of the Guangxi General Team of the People's Armed Police (武警广西总队河池支队) recently kicked off. More than a hundred officers and soldiers gathered at the competition venue to engage in fierce competition in more than 20 events in three categories: "basic physical fitness," "basic skills," and "professional skills," to further enhance the detachment's military training professionalism and combat readiness level.

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The 160th Session of the "Core Socialist Values Centennial Lecture Series" Held in Shanghai

This newspaper's Beijing (北京) August 18th dispatch (Reporter Zhang He (张贺)) The 160th event of the "Core Socialist Values Hundred Lectures Forum," jointly organized by the Publicity and Education Bureau of the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部宣教局) and Guangming Daily (光明日报社), was recently held at the Shanghai Songhu Battle Memorial Hall (上海淞沪抗战纪念馆). Zhang Shiyi (张士义), former director and researcher of the Sixth Research Department of the Central Party History and Literature Research Institute (中央党史和文献研究院), gave a speech entitled "The Eastern Main Battlefield: China and the World Anti-Fascist War."

In his lecture, Zhang Shiyi (张士义), combined a large number of historical facts to clarify that from the "September 18th" Incident launched by the invading Japanese army in 1931 to the unconditional surrender of Japan in 1945, the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression had distinct anti-fascist characteristics. In the World Anti-Fascist War, the Chinese battlefield had a long combat time and a wide combat area, and was the earliest opened and longest-lasting main battlefield in the East.

Zhang Shiyi (张士义) pointed out that the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression not only defended national sovereignty, but also made irreplaceable contributions to the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War with huge national sacrifices. Its historical status has been widely recognized by the international community, winning the respect of peace-loving people around the world and winning a lofty national reputation.

Zhang Shiyi (张士义) said that commemorating the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War is not to prolong hatred, but to awaken the yearning for and adherence to peace. "We must unswervingly work hand in hand with the people of all countries to jointly promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind and strive tirelessly to create a better future for mankind."

This event was organized by the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department (上海市委宣传部) and Guangming Online (光明网), and co-organized by the Baoshan District Party Committee Propaganda Department (宝山区委宣传部) and the Shanghai Songhu Battle Memorial Hall (上海淞沪抗战纪念馆). Guangming Online (光明网) and Guangming Daily Client (光明日报客户端) broadcast the event live.

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"Different departments to conduct a single, comprehensive inspection for similar items."

This newspaper Beijing (北京), August 18th (Reporters Pan Junqiang (潘俊强) and Lin Lili (林丽鹂)) "Previously, fire protection, emergency response and other departments would come to inspect several times a month separately. Now, there is only one inspection, which greatly improves efficiency and reduces our burden." This is the intuitive feeling of the person in charge of the Hi Pao Comedy Club in the Huaxi business district of Haidian District (海淀区) in Beijing (北京市) regarding the "Comprehensive Inspection Once" reform initiative.

Since July 2025, Beijing (北京市) has officially launched the "Comprehensive Inspection Once" pilot program in 10 districts, including Dongcheng (东城), Haidian (海淀), and Fengtai (丰台). Relying on the comprehensive supervision information system to conduct "intelligent coordination" of the inspection plans of various departments, it realizes the integrated matching of inspection departments, times, and objects, and implements cross-departmental, cross-field, and cross-level "Comprehensive Inspection Once."

Different from the previous joint inspections by multiple departments, this "Comprehensive Inspection Once" pilot program integrates the inspection arrangements related to matters and similar in content into one inspection, and improves the effectiveness of the inspection through professional complementarity. The joint inspection after accurate matching can carry out centralized guidance or put forward rectification requirements for a certain type of problem, which effectively solves the problem of inconsistent qualification standards when multiple departments inspect the same matter. "Comprehensive Inspection Once" is gradually transforming into "Comprehensive Rectification Once" for enterprises, so that the quality and efficiency of supervision can be improved.

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Employees are more energetic and motivated in their work.

By: 本报记者 方 圆

"What was the first organization openly led by the Chinese Communist Party (中国共产党) to lead the workers' movement?"

Looking at the question popping up on her phone, Xue Lin (薛琳), an employee of Heilongjiang Provincial Design Group (黑龙江省设计集团), after a brief moment of thought, selected the answer - "Secretariat of the Chinese Labor Organization (中国劳动组合书记部)". Xue Lin (薛琳) and her colleagues often open the "Heilongjiang Trade Union (黑龙江工会)" WeChat official account's online activity platform to participate in online knowledge quizzes.

This year marks the 100th anniversary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (中华全国总工会). The Heilongjiang Provincial Federation of Trade Unions (黑龙江省总工会) organized a learning and competition activity on the history of the century-old workers' movement. As one of the series of activities organized by trade unions at all levels in Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省) to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (中华全国总工会), this "red classroom at your fingertips," which combines fun and knowledge, has attracted 600,000 participants from across the province.

Commending the advanced and establishing role models of the times. On April 29th, in the studio hall of Heilongjiang Radio and Television Station (黑龙江广播电视台), the Heilongjiang Provincial Federation of Trade Unions (黑龙江省总工会) held the award ceremony for the Heilongjiang Provincial May 1st Labor Award (黑龙江省五一劳动奖) and Worker Pioneer Award (工人先锋号), and the release ceremony for the second "Longjiang Craftsman of the Year (龙江工匠年度人物)". The event commended 40 units that won the Heilongjiang Provincial May 1st Labor Award Certificate (黑龙江省五一劳动奖状), 170 employees who won the Heilongjiang Provincial May 1st Labor Medal (黑龙江省五一劳动奖章), and 150 collectives that won the Provincial Worker Pioneer Award (省工人先锋号). Dong Qinzong (董勤忠), the award-winning representative and principal of Harbin No. 168 Middle School (哈尔滨市第一六八中学校), said: "I will take this commendation as a new starting point, play a leading role, and make new contributions in my work."

Stage performances showcase the new look of industrial workers. "Eternal Ingenuity," "Burning Melody: We Workers Have Strength"... A series of wonderful dramas, stage plays, and situational dramas organized and created by the Heilongjiang Provincial Federation of Trade Unions (黑龙江省总工会) are being staged in various parts of Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省). The cross-border integration of various art forms transforms the spirit of labor, the spirit of model workers, and the spirit of craftsmanship into tangible spiritual power. In the Jiamusi City Workers' Cultural Palace (佳木斯市工人文化宫), the performance on stage of the first generation of industrial workers in Jiamusi (佳木斯) using their flesh and blood to support the spark of industry moved many audiences. Han Zhendong (韩振东), a national model worker and the Party Branch Secretary of the Production Department and Deputy Director of the Livelihood Department of China Huadian Energy Jiamusi Thermal Power Plant (华电能源佳木斯热电厂), said: "When the old worker on stage said, 'We workers can make anything,' I seemed to see the figures of the older generation of masters working in the power plant workshop. This is not only a tribute to history, but also an encouragement to us new era industrial workers."

Theoretical empowerment consolidates the ideological foundation. Trade unions at all levels in Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省) widely carry out distinctive, down-to-earth, and heart-warming publicity and lectures, continuously promoting the Party's innovative theories into the hearts of workers, guiding the vast number of workers to strengthen their ideals and beliefs, listen to the Party, and follow the Party. Suihua City (绥化市) launched the theme publicity and education of "Century-Old Workers' Movement: Passing on the Torch," organizing Suihua City (绥化市) employees to study the history of the Chinese workers' movement and the century-old development history of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (中华全国总工会) through a combination of online and offline methods, and carrying out more than 20 special lectures and model worker symposiums, covering more than 5,000 employees.

Cultural and sports empowerment gathers the strength to forge ahead. From the "Singing Spring" symphony chorus concert in Harbin (哈尔滨市) to the special literary and artistic performances in Qiqihar (齐齐哈尔市), Yichun (伊春市), and Qitaihe (七台河市), various performances continue. Workers' air volleyball matches, table tennis matches, college faculty badminton matches, and "Iron Man Cup (铁人杯)" national fitness activities have been staged one after another, showcasing the spirit of workers with competitive spirit.

From the banks of the Songhua River (松花江畔) to the Xing'an forest area (兴安林海), from intelligent workshops to digital clouds, the Heilongjiang Provincial Federation of Trade Unions (黑龙江省总工会) is writing a new chapter with the spirit of "daring to venture," the drive to "innovate," and the style of "doing." "We have linked up with trade unions in various cities (prefectures) and industrial trade unions throughout the province to launch eight major categories of important activities, covering various forms such as commendations, arts, exhibitions, competitions, lectures, film and television production, thematic linkages, and online interactions, to pay tribute to the glorious history of the century-old workers' movement and gather the strength to help revitalize Longjiang (龙江)," said the head of the Publicity and Education Network Department of the Heilongjiang Provincial Federation of Trade Unions (黑龙江省总工会宣教网络部负责人).

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This edition's editors: Ji Jianming, Xu Leipeng, Cao Wenxuan

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Shanghai Museum's "Super Sleepless Night" (Decoding: Enhancing the Level of Public Cultural Services)

By: 本报记者  吴  焰  巨云鹏 曹玲娟

Core Reading

Lasting 13 months and attracting over 2.77 million visitors, the "Top of the Pyramid: Ancient Egyptian Civilization Exhibition" at the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) has added a new dimension to the cultural and museum craze. In the week before the exhibition's closing, the museum launched a 7-day, 168-hour continuous opening event, with many visitors queuing late into the night to view the exhibits. Showcasing precious cultural relics, linking cultural and creative designs, innovating cultural tourism experiences, and improving service guarantees... What cultural codes lie behind the exhibition's soaring popularity and continued "fan base"? A reporter made a late-night visit to investigate.

At midnight on August 16th, Shanghai (上海). As the city gradually quieted down, the queue at the south gate square of the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) (hereinafter referred to as "the Shanghai Museum") in People's Square (人民广场) grew longer and longer. Some people came from other places, dragging their suitcases and following the queue towards the museum.

Since its opening on July 19th last year, the "Top of the Pyramid: Ancient Egyptian Civilization Exhibition" (hereinafter referred to as "the Ancient Egyptian Civilization Exhibition") has been running for over a year, with undiminished popularity. In the final week before the exhibition's closing, the Shanghai Museum, on top of previously added night sessions, opened continuously for 7 days and 168 hours, launching 3,000 midnight tickets every night from 10 PM to 6 AM the next day, which were almost sold out as soon as they went online.

With a duration of 13 months and 2.77 million visitors, the exhibition set a world record for the number of visitors to a single paid special exhibition in a museum. On the night before the exhibition's closing, the reporter entered the Shanghai Museum and experienced the museum's "super sleepless night" with the audience.

13-Month Extended Exhibition, Gathering 788 Precious Cultural Relics

At 0:30, visitors Luo Zhexin (骆哲忻) and Zhan Huizi (詹慧孜) dragged their suitcases, preparing to finish their burgers and hurry inside. The two departed from Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江), and Shangrao (上饶), Jiangxi (江西), respectively, and met in Shanghai (上海) by high-speed rail. Without taking time to eat, they rushed directly to the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆). Since last year, they had agreed to visit the exhibition, but had not been able to get tickets for a suitable time. "It was too difficult to get tickets for tonight's midnight session!" said Luo Zhexin (骆哲忻).

"I thought it would be popular, but I didn't expect that even with the extended exhibition time, it would still be difficult to meet the enthusiasm of the audience," said Chu Xiaobo (褚晓波), Director of the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆). With so many people, how to maintain a good viewing experience? To this end, the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) extended its closing time to 9 PM during the summer and other periods, and also added 220 night and special sessions.

"This is already my seventh time seeing this exhibition, and I'm preparing for my final 'eighth brush' tomorrow," said Li Bo (李博), a visitor who had just come out of the museum, excitedly. "The exhibits are particularly rich and worth seeing again and again, with new discoveries every time."

"From the beginning, we insisted that if we were going to hold a paid special exhibition, we had to hold a super exhibition with global influence, so that everyone could experience the history of world civilization without leaving the country," said Li Feng (李峰), Executive Director of the Special Command for High-Quality Development of the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆). What is influence? It refers to the level of the exhibits and the level of the exhibition layout.

When a cargo plane carrying 91 large boxes of 492 sets of 788 ancient Egyptian cultural relics and materials arrived from the banks of the Nile (尼罗河) to the banks of the Huangpu River (黄浦江), a "phenomenal" cultural and museum exhibition opened—the exhibition was jointly organized by the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) and the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities, with the largest number of exhibits of its kind, selected from seven key Egyptian museums, including the Egyptian National Museum (埃及国家博物馆), the Luxor Museum (卢克索博物馆), and the Suez Museum (苏伊士博物馆), as well as the latest archaeological discoveries of the Sino-Egyptian joint archaeological team. Among the exhibits, more than 95% of the cultural relics came to Asia for the first time. Some of the latest archaeological finds from the Saqqara (萨卡拉) area were transported directly from the archaeological site and made their public debut.

At 1 AM, Wang Xiaoxiang (王晓翔), a cultural and museum enthusiast, was examining a cat statue in the "Secrets of Saqqara" exhibition hall. "It is very well preserved, with the cuteness of the animal itself, and a soft expression, which is very wonderful."

In the "Era of Tutankhamun" exhibition hall, large areas of blue and yellow backgrounds seem to be the intersection of the ocean and the desert, forming a unique visual landscape. Many visitors lined up next to the Colossus of Akhenaten (埃赫纳吞巨像), which is a popular check-in point on social media, where many people leave a photo of "ancient and modern dialogue" with the Egyptian pharaoh statue.

Last summer, in conjunction with the Ancient Egyptian Civilization Exhibition, the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) held 10 consecutive "Museum Meow-gical Nights" events, exploring allowing visitors to bring cats into the museum. This 168-hour continuous opening also included two carnival events, "moving" Egyptian drums, Egyptian dances, acrobatics, and musicals into the museum.

The Exhibition is Like a "Magnetic Field," Driving Urban Cultural Tourism Consumption

At 2 AM, Gao Huihan (高荟菡), a doctoral student at ShanghaiTech University (上海科技大学), was taking photos while viewing the exhibition. Talking about how she got the tickets, she said: "I was browsing the Shanghai Book Fair (上海书展) in the afternoon and saw that there was an activity of buying books and getting tickets, so I immediately bought a copy of *The Pyramid in China: The Making of the Ancient Egyptian Civilization Exhibition*."

Linkage is an important way for this exhibition to release its "spillover effect."

Linkage of cultural and creative design—"Tonight, the most popular is the 'lucky bag,' which allows you to buy several cultural and creative products at once," enthusiastically recommended Zhong Xianli (钟贤莉), a staff member at the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) cultural and creative store.

The Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) focused on the elements of nearly 100 key exhibits for cultural and creative development. During the Ancient Egyptian Civilization Exhibition, more than 1,200 cultural and creative products were launched, with a total sales volume of more than 3 million pieces; nearly 500 cultural and creative activities were carried out, reaching nearly 300,000 visitors.

Linkage of public services—During the exhibition, the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) designed more than 10 themed lectures for the public: Ismail, Secretary-General of the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities, interpreted "Egypt's Latest Archaeological Discoveries and New Perspectives," and Yan Haiying (颜海英), the exhibition curator and professor at Peking University (北京大学), explained the social life of ancient Egypt... The Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) carried out online and offline activities in a stratified and segmented manner, including more than 6,000 offline activities such as public lectures, art workshops, and exhibitions in communities, covering nearly 1.4 million visitors.

Linkage of all walks of life—In conjunction with the exhibition, the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) created a series of new "one-stop" cultural tourism experience scenarios. The "Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) Cruise" ancient Egyptian-themed cruise from the Nile (尼罗河) to the Huangpu River (黄浦江), the ancient Egyptian-themed "Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) Sightseeing Bus," the "Air Museum"—the "Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) Aircraft" painted aircraft, and the creation of a demonstration model of the "cultural tourism, business, sports, and exhibition" linkage with key Shanghai (上海) business districts and enterprises... The exhibition is like a "magnetic field," driving consumption in surrounding businesses, hotels, tourism, performances, and other sectors.

Innovative Measures to Ensure Safe and Orderly Viewing

At 3 AM, the museum was still lively and orderly.

To ensure the 168-hour continuous opening, the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) formulated a series of guarantee measures, organizing security, cleaning, and medical personnel to take shifts on site. "What impressed me the most was an elderly visitor, who was over 80 years old and still rushed over to see the exhibition at night," said Zhou Yanjing (周彦菁), a staff member of the opening department of the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆). "Feeling the enthusiasm of the audience, it's worth it no matter how hard it is."

Walking out of the museum, it was already 3:30 AM, and visitors were still constantly arriving. Not far away, a police car was quietly waiting.

"Since July last year, we have arranged special police forces to be on duty every day to ensure the safe and orderly operation of the exhibition," said Zhao Yu (赵宇), a police officer from the People's Square (人民广场) Public Security Police Station of the Huangpu Branch (黄浦分局) of the Shanghai Public Security Bureau (上海市公安局). For the convenience of visitors' nighttime parking, the public security authorities also coordinated with the parking garages around the Shanghai Museum (上海博物馆) to open about 300 parking spaces.

"The successful holding of the exhibition is inseparable from the strong cultural and artistic consumption atmosphere formed in Shanghai (上海) over the years, and even more inseparable from a series of innovative measures launched by Shanghai (上海)," introduced Chu Xiaobo (褚晓波). The promulgation of a series of documents such as the *Guiding Opinions (Trial Implementation) on Incentive for Income Distribution from Cultural and Creative Product Development by Cultural and Cultural Relics Units in Shanghai (上海)* and the *Shanghai (上海) Municipal Measures for the Administration of Fees for Public Cultural Facilities* has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm and creativity of cultural and cultural relics units.

On the evening of August 17th, the Ancient Egyptian Civilization Exhibition, which lasted nearly 400 days and nights, came to an end, but the exchange and mutual learning between museums and world civilizations will not stop. Adhering to the spirit of openness and inclusiveness, the Shanghai Museum's (上海博物馆) journey of "Dialogue with the World" large-scale cultural relics and art exhibition continues, and we look forward to the arrival of more "phenomenal large-scale exhibitions."

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Robot swarm dance, what are the "basics"?

By: 本报记者  王昊男

On August 16th, inside the Beijing National Speed Skating Oval (北京国家速滑馆), nine "Photon" robots clad in 3D-printed armor stood in neat formation. Accompanied by powerful drum music, a dancer waved a command flag, and the Qin terracotta warrior-dressed robots synchronously waved their arms, performing the human-robot dance "Qin Terracotta Warrior Soul" (秦俑魂). With their outstanding performance, the joint team of Beijing Dance Academy (北京舞蹈学院) and Hubei Guanggu Dongzhi Embodied Intelligence Technology Co., Ltd. (湖北光谷东智具身智能技术有限公司) won the championship in the group dance event of the 2025 World Humanoid Robot Sports Games performance competition.

It's not easy to make "iron lumps" dance. Robots need to precisely control their body movements at high speed, not only completing complex dance choreography but also maintaining overall balance and uniform formation. To achieve this goal, robots need to perceive their own state and the surrounding environment in real-time and be able to make quick adjustments.

"Specifically, it involves using inertial sensors to detect their own posture, force sensors to sense the contact force of their feet, and visual systems to identify the terrain and the position of other robots. Moreover, this data needs to be processed at high speed, allowing the robots to adjust their movements in milliseconds to prevent falling or deviating from the formation," explained Huang Siyuan (黄思远), Executive Director of the Embodied Robot Center at the Beijing Academy of General Artificial Intelligence (北京通用人工智能研究院). To make the dance movements more natural and fluid, the robots also need to imitate and learn the style of human dancers, constantly optimizing the details of their movements.

"At the beginning of training, the robots would fall while dancing," said Lou Kaiqi (楼凯齐), Deputy General Manager of Hubei Guanggu Dongzhi Embodied Intelligence Technology Co., Ltd. (湖北光谷东智具身智能技术有限公司). For this competition, the R&D team made a lot of optimizations to the robots. "In terms of hardware, we increased the power of the power supply and drive motors, and opened up some motor limit positions; in terms of software, we carried out in-depth customization and simulation strengthening of the robot motion control algorithm."

"The sense of pause and frustration in the movements of 'Qin Terracotta Warrior Soul' (秦俑魂) is very consistent with the characteristics of robots," said Gao Qian (高骞), Deputy Director of the Academic Affairs Office of Beijing Dance Academy (北京舞蹈学院). "This is a completely new attempt, which not only constructs a new type of stage narrative relationship, but also gives classic cultural symbols a new expression in the empowerment of technology."

The runner-up in this competition was Luming Robot (鹿明机器人) from Shenzhen (深圳), Guangdong (广东). As a full-size humanoid robot that can eject and stand up in 1 second, the dance brought by the participating team composed of 4 "LUS2" robots was extraordinary: each robot's movements were different.

"The overall movements are coordinated and consistent, but each has its own 'style'," said Sun Tao (孙涛), head of motion control at Luming Robotics Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (鹿明机器人科技（深圳）有限公司). They cleverly combined behavior cloning, adaptive trajectory tracking, and other technologies to allow the robots to "decide for themselves" the degree of imitation or modification of the reference dance movements based on their own characteristics and environmental changes. "In a simulated environment, tens of thousands of robots went through more than 10 hours of learning and trial and error, and finally mastered a set of dance movements suitable for themselves. Before the robot first landed and danced, even the engineers could not accurately know what kind of dance it would perform," said Sun Tao (孙涛).

Haiyi Ou Intelligent Technology (Changzhou) Co., Ltd. (海毅欧智能科技（常州）有限公司), which was just established last year, also appeared in the group dance competition, sending out 3 robot contestants from different brands. They were of different sizes and heights, and whether they could dance in unison attracted attention.

"Our characteristic lies in the cross-brand and cross-model action linkage capability," said Li Boning (李泊宁), the company's Chief Executive Officer. Currently, robots of different brands and models often have system barriers, making it difficult to achieve collaborative operation. "The team overcame this limitation through a self-developed cross-platform control system and motion retargeting technology."

"We won the third place, and there is still room for improvement," said Li Boning (李泊宁). This technology has already demonstrated its feasibility. "**它为机器人规模化应用和集群化运作提供了可能**" (tā wèi jī qì rén guī mó huà yìng yòng hé jí qún huà yùn zuò tí gōng le kě néng - "it provides possibilities for large-scale application and clustered operation of robots," this 成语 refers to the potential for this technology to enable widespread and coordinated use of robots), helping to improve the overall level of intelligence and application efficiency.

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The 20th Soong Ching Ling Children's Invention Award Announced

This newspaper's Xiong'an (雄安) August 18th dispatch (Reporter Yang Hao (杨昊)) The China Association for Science and Technology (中国科学技术协会) and the Soong Ching Ling Foundation (中国宋庆龄基金会) recently launched the "Soong Ching Ling Children and Young People's Future Science Day" event in Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), Hebei (河北). The 20th "Soong Ching Ling Children and Young People's Invention Award" award ceremony was held concurrently. With the theme of "Bearing Scientific Dreams in Mind and Establishing Innovative Aspirations," this event aims to stimulate young people's curiosity, imagination, and desire for exploration, and to cultivate innovative thinking and creative abilities.

The current "Soong Ching Ling Children and Young People's Invention Award" received more than 46,000 entries submitted by more than 57,000 young people from home and abroad, setting a new record for previous sessions. A total of 590 entries won awards, including 346 invention entries, 183 artificial intelligence (programming) entries, and 61 creative entries. In addition, 95 outstanding science and technology painting works were selected for exhibition.

During the "Soong Ching Ling Children and Young People's Future Science Day," the China Association for Science and Technology (中国科学技术协会) and the Soong Ching Ling Foundation (中国宋庆龄基金会) organized supporting activities such as an exhibition of outstanding invention award entries, face-to-face meetings with scientists, and popular science lectures by academicians, creating a strong atmosphere in the whole society of speaking about science, loving science, learning science, and applying science - 用科学 (yòng kē xué - "use science," applying scientific principles and knowledge).

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National Adolescent Science and Technology Innovation Contest undergoes significant reform

This newspaper reported from Beijing on August 18th (Reporter Yu Sinan (喻思南)) It was learned from the China Association for Science and Technology (中国科学技术协会) that the 39th China Adolescents Science and Technology Innovation Contest recently opened in Hohhot (呼和浩特市), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区). This competition has undergone significant reforms in terms of participating subjects, organization methods, and evaluation mechanisms. It no longer accepts entries from young children, focuses on on-site inspections and objective evaluations, and strives to discover and cultivate reserve talents for youth science and technology innovation.

This competition focuses on young people aged 15 to 24, both in and out of school. At the same time, it no longer evaluates contestants' innovative works, eliminating the phenomenon of “一件作品打天下” (yī jiàn zuò pǐn dǎ tiān xià - "one work conquers all," relying solely on one piece of work to achieve success), to ensure the fairness and impartiality of the competition. To this end, the competition has for the first time set up on-site science and technology challenge tasks, designing tasks around problems in basic sciences such as mathematics, physics, and chemistry, and manufacturing technology. Examination points and evaluation criteria are set separately for the youth group and the juvenile group, focusing on examining contestants' knowledge application, hands-on practice, innovative thinking, critical spirit, and teamwork abilities.

In addition, the competition has for the first time implemented the "Youth Growth Support Program," inviting 40 central state-owned enterprises, private high-tech enterprises, and foreign-funded enterprises to provide outstanding contestants with continuous support such as post-competition academic exchanges, internships, research visits, and job opportunities, promoting the transformation of the competition from "short-term talent discovery" to "long-term talent cultivation ecosystem."

The competition is co-sponsored by the China Association for Science and Technology (中国科学技术协会), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (自然科学基金委), the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League (共青团中央), the All-China Women's Federation (全国妇联), and the People's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区政府). Nearly 700 contestants from home and abroad participated.

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Theaters Offer Back-to-Back Shows, Promising a Fun Summer

By: 本报记者  姚雪青

Golden Horn King (金角大王) and Silver Horn King (银角大王) made their entrance on motorcycles amidst deafening music; a group of somersaulting little monkeys cleared the way, and Sun Wukong (孙悟空) arrived on stage riding the clouds; the Golden Cudgel (金箍棒) transformed into laser special effects, music and dance fused together, and cool light and shadows followed the plot in a "seventy-two transformations"...

At the Lianyungang City (连云港市) Culture and Art Center (文化艺术中心) in Jiangsu Province (江苏省), a children's play, *Sun Wukong's Wisdom in Obtaining the Magic Gourd* (孙悟空智取宝葫芦), was being performed, and the theater, which can accommodate more than 600 spectators, was packed.

From May to August this year, the Lianyungang City Performing Arts Group (连云港市演艺集团) launched a summer performance season, staging more than 50 performances of dramas, cross-talk, stand-up comedy, concerts, and more during the summer season, featuring both classic revivals and innovative interpretations.

"It's the summer vacation, and the *Journey to the West* (西游记) series of children's plays tailored for children are very popular," said Zhai Yujia (翟羽佳), General Manager of the Lianyungang City Culture and Art Center (连云港市文化艺术中心). Taking *Sun Wukong's Wisdom in Obtaining the Magic Gourd* (孙悟空智取宝葫芦) as an example, this children's play not only innovates in costumes, props, and lighting to create a "kaleidoscopic stage," but also innovates in character settings, adding characters such as "Tang Little Duck" (唐小鸭) and "Little Flower Elf" (小花精), which are full of childlike fun.

Tian Jinyu (田谨语), who plays the "Little Flower Elf" (小花精), will be in the first grade of primary school this September. This role has brought her closer to classic masterpieces.

"When we helped Sun Wukong (孙悟空), the children in the audience were shouting 'Go!'" she said. Her whole family also came to see her performance, and she wants to be an audience member and watch with her family next time the show is performed.

"From the opening easter egg to the closing hot dance, classic masterpieces are integrated with innovative elements. This contrast makes adults also find it novel and interesting," said Chen Xuan (谌轩), a Lianyungang (连云港) citizen who brought her child to watch the show. After the performance, her child was still excitedly checking in, taking photos, and buying blind boxes, Golden Cudgels (金箍棒), and other cultural and creative products at the "Journey to the West Market" (西游市集) in the Culture and Art Center (文化艺术中心).

Not long ago, Chen Xuan (谌轩) also watched the "Happy to See Classics" (乐见经典) national orchestral concert with friends. The concert featured new adaptations of folk music such as *Joy* (欢沁) and *New Racing Horses* (新赛马), as well as classic film and television songs such as *White Snake Under Qingcheng Mountain* (青城山下白素贞) and *Flying Fox of Snowy Mountain* (雪山飞狐), as well as popular songs loved by young people such as *Blue and White Porcelain* (青花瓷)... Chen Xuan (谌轩) said that many people at the scene hummed along with the melody.

Wang Wen (王雯), Director of the Office of the Lianyungang City Culture and Art Center (连云港市文化艺术中心), introduced that the summer performance season started in 2024, and the benefit-the-people cultural performance tickets held in the summer are mostly priced under one hundred yuan. The theater has audience voting cards, wish walls, and a variety of activities such as backstage visits, live broadcasts, and cultural and creative markets to bring art closer to the citizens. To date, nearly 30,000 people have entered the theater.

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Walking through Jiangxi, Experiencing Cultural Charm

By: 本报记者  朱  磊

This summer, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine launched the "Cultural Ganpo Tour" activity. Teachers and students formed 38 teams to attend a grand ideological and political lesson together in the land of Ganpo. The "Youth Local Accent" summer grand ideological and political social practice team walked into Zhangshu City (樟树市), the "Capital of Medicine," to watch the exquisite skills of old pharmacists preparing traditional Chinese medicine on site. Members of the "Mind and Dream Music Group" grand ideological and political social practice team of the School of Humanities walked into the traditional Chinese medicine planting base in Guqiao Village (古桥村), Daduan Town (大塅镇), Tonggu County (铜鼓县), Yichun City (宜春市), to learn the planting techniques of medicinal materials such as Polygonatum sibiricum and Poria cocos from the medicinal farmers.

From the sparks of Jinggang Mountain (井冈山) to the sparkling blue waves of the Yangtze River, from the red ferry of Yudu County (于都县) to the millennium porcelain kiln of Jingdezhen (景德镇)... In 2025, Jiangxi Province (江西省) carefully designed the "Cultural Ganpo Tour" theme practice activity, mobilizing 100 universities and 10,000 teachers and students to conduct research along 10 cultural routes: "Red, Academy, Ceramics, Pharmaceutical Industry, Farming, Opera, Mining and Metallurgy, Hakka, Tea, and Gan Merchants," making ideological and political education more down-to-earth.

Jiangxi Shangrao Normal University (江西上饶师范学院) held a "Journey to Explore Zhu Xi Culture," where team members followed Zhu Xi's (朱熹) footsteps to explore the source of Neo-Confucianism. The "Porcelain Charm Farming · Youth Building Dreams" team of Yichun University (宜春学院) conducted on-site research at the Hongzhou Kiln (洪州窑) site to experience the charm of ancient kiln culture. At the Xiaoping Trail Exhibition Hall (小平小道陈列馆) in Nanchang City (南昌市), Lu Yanqi (卢艳齐), a young teacher from the School of Marxism of Nanchang University (南昌大学), gave a lecture on site, and the students listened attentively and discussed enthusiastically.

Jiangxi Province (江西省) has implemented the practice education model of "one theme per year" for three consecutive years, carefully creating a grand ideological and political brand, and guiding young students to cultivate their feelings for their country in the unity of knowledge and action, to **厚植家国情怀** (hòu zhí jiā guó qíng huái - "deeply cultivate family and country feelings," to foster a strong sense of patriotism and love for one's homeland).

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Lingjiatan Jade Culture Academic Symposium Held

This newspaper Hefei (合肥) August 18th (Reporter Tian Xianjin (田先进)) Recently, the Annual Meeting of the Jade Ware Professional Committee of the Chinese Cultural Relics Society (2025) and the Lingjiatan (凌家滩) Jade Culture Academic Seminar were held in Hanshan County (含山县), Ma'anshan City (马鞍山市), Anhui Province (安徽省). Experts and scholars from national cultural and museum archaeological institutions and universities gathered in Lingjiatan (凌家滩) to discuss the inheritance and development of prehistoric Chinese jade culture.

The Lingjiatan Site (凌家滩遗址) is a Neolithic central settlement site dating back 5800-5200 years, with jade artifacts represented by jade figures, jade dragons, and jade eagles. The purpose of this conference is to further reveal the role of jade in the origin of Chinese civilization through cross-regional academic exchanges. This conference set up 5 special seminars, covering comparative studies of Lingjiatan Culture (凌家滩文化) with Hongshan Culture (红山文化) and Liangzhu Culture (良渚文化), prehistoric jade technology and other fields, decoding the civilization genes behind jade through multi-disciplinary cross-dialogue.

The conference was hosted by the Chinese Cultural Relics Society (中国文物学会) and the Palace Museum Academy (故宫学研究院). During the conference, public experience activities such as the Lingjiatan Culture (凌家滩文化) Market and the "Night Tour of Lingjiatan (凌家滩)" cultural performance were launched simultaneously, attracting many tourists to participate and promoting the deep integration and interaction of academic research and public archaeology.

In recent years, Hanshan County (含山县) has focused on building a cultural tourism complex around the Lingjiatan National Archaeological Site Park (凌家滩国家考古遗址公园), with a cumulative reception of more than 1.5 million tourists.

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This section is edited by: Zhi Chunli, Chen Yuanyuan, Dong Yingxue

Layout Design: Zhang Danfeng (张丹峰)

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Regulating cultural and tourism businesses to ensure worry-free summer travel (Frontline of People's Livelihood)

By: 本报记者  窦瀚洋  郑洋洋  肖家鑫

Core Reading

During the summer vacation, the cultural tourism market is full of vitality, and diverse cultural tourism formats continue to ignite tourists' enthusiasm for travel. However, behind the hustle and bustle, problems such as low-price traps, street vending, regulatory blind spots, and safety hazards not only affect the tourist experience but also hinder the high-quality development of the cultural tourism industry. Making travel comfortable and enjoyable and ensuring that expectations are not disappointed are the voices of tourists and also test the wisdom of governance.

Wanting to record the beauty of the journey with travel photography, but ending up in a distressing rights protection tug-of-war; immersive experience activities such as escape rooms drive cultural tourism consumption, but "unrestrained development" brings challenges to supervision; sea karting boats, jet skis, boat trips... water sports are exciting but have many safety hazards. How to regulate cultural tourism formats and make summer travel more reassuring?

Travel Photography

Zoning Control and Reservation Limit in Parallel

During the summer vacation, Chen Xinwei, a citizen of Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, was attracted by a "299 yuan ancient city photo package" from a travel photography studio near a scenic spot in another place. During the shooting process, the photographer kept guiding her to add money to upgrade clothing and props. The final bill of up to 1,800 yuan made her more and more angry.

At the same time, other tourists' travel experiences were also affected - the photographer occupied the best photo position, leaving others "unable to take photos," and a group of people with large bags blocked the road, affecting normal traffic...

How to regulate travel photography? Who will protect the legitimate rights and interests of tourists and ensure their travel experience? In Zhejiang (浙江), some scenic spots have already begun to explore.

In 2023, the Xixi National Wetland Park (西溪湿地) in Hangzhou (杭州) took the lead in issuing the "Commercial Photography Management Notice," dividing the shooting area into free and paid areas, and implementing a reservation system and flow restriction management.

"Commercial photography requires a phone reservation one day in advance." Relevant staff of Xixi National Wetland Park (西溪湿地) said that commercial photography in the paid area needs to pay a management fee on the day of shooting and exchange for a commercial photography license with a valid certificate. Each paid commercial photography spot is limited to 10 groups per day to avoid excessive occupation of public resources.

The management notice also has a clear definition of commercial photography: shooting activities with multiple sets of clothing, props, or large professional photography equipment such as lighting equipment are considered commercial photography. Ordinary tourists are not restricted from using SLR cameras or mobile phones to take pictures. "The issuance of the management notice is to reduce the impact of commercial photography on tourists' normal visits and avoid popular attractions from being occupied for a long time," said relevant staff of Xixi National Wetland Park (西溪湿地).

The "Regulations of Zhejiang Province on Scenic Spots" also stipulates that no unit or individual may enclose photography or video positions around the scenery, and no fees may be charged to tourists who take photos or videos themselves.

Tongzhou Island (桐洲岛) Fengyang Forest (枫杨林) scenic spot in Fuyang District (富阳区), Hangzhou (杭州) once had the phenomenon of inconsistent charging standards and chaotic management of commercial photography services. The local Discipline Inspection Commission and Supervision Commission urged the village collective to formulate unified charging standards and publicize them. After rectification, it not only increased the village collective income but also improved the tourist experience.

Wulin Night Market (武林夜市), located on Longyou Road (龙游路) in Hangzhou (杭州), is only 100 meters away from the West Lake (西湖) scenic area. Xiao Li, a photographer at a travel photography shop in Wulin Night Market (武林夜市), said that they usually take photos in the West Lake (西湖) Shengtang (圣塘) scenic area. "We used to go to the Broken Bridge (断桥) in the core scenic area of West Lake (西湖) to take photos, but now we don't go there. There will be management personnel to maintain order." Xiao Li said that he understands that some travel photography teams take half an hour to shoot at one scenic spot, delaying other tourists from taking photos; too many travel photography teams also easily make the already congested scenic spots more congested.

"West Lake (西湖) belongs to all tourists. We hope that commercial photography services can add to everyone's journey, rather than bring trouble." Ye Lianzhong, general manager of the Wulin Night Market (武林夜市) Management Committee, said that there are currently 3 commercial photography service merchants within the scope of the night market management, and the shooting price is generally between 250-300 yuan. As the operation and management party, the job of the Night Market Management Committee is to continue to guide merchants to improve service quality, while regulating market order and preventing vicious competition and price gouging.

If the travel photography industry wants to develop healthily, it needs not only the refined management of scenic spots but also the self-discipline of the industry and tourist supervision. Yuan Zhe, a researcher at the School of Economics of Zhejiang University (浙江大学), believes that in the future, all regions can learn from the "zoning management + reservation limit" operation model, while strengthening the coordinated cooperation between law enforcement departments to promote the travel photography industry to truly become a new highlight of the cultural tourism industry, rather than a "stumbling block" that affects the tourist experience.

Immersive Experience

Departmental Linkage to Build a Full-Chain Supervision

"This used to be a small village with only dozens of households. One night, a fire broke out suddenly..." In the Wuse City Tianqi Indoor Activity Experience Store (无色城天启室内活动体验店) in Chengqu (城区), Jincheng (晋城) City, Shanxi (山西) Province, following the host's narration, Xue Jinxin, a citizen of Jincheng (晋城) City, and several friends' thoughts traveled through time and space, gradually substituting into the role.

Li Xiaojiang, chief of the Enforcement Section 1 of the Cultural Market Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team of the Jincheng (晋城) City Culture and Tourism Bureau, introduced: "In recent years, immersive experience cultural tourism new formats such as escape rooms have been driving cultural tourism consumption, enriching cultural life, and promoting economic growth. At the same time, there are also problems such as **野蛮生长** (yě mán shēng zhǎng - "wild growth," refers to rapid, uncontrolled, and often unregulated development) and unrestrained development."

"The cultural market has the characteristics of cross-field and cross-industry. In the past, various departments did not achieve data interconnection. It was difficult for us to grasp the situation of some new enterprises, new projects, and new programs in a timely and accurate manner. It was difficult to give early warning to some hidden dangers. We were more passively responding rather than actively governing," said Li Xiaojiang.

This year, in order to solve the problem of the disconnection between approval, supervision, and law enforcement in traditional supervision, Jincheng (晋城) City established a joint law enforcement mechanism led by the Municipal Cultural Market Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team and participated by the Chengqu (城区) Culture and Tourism Bureau and the Chengqu (城区) Administrative Approval Bureau. Through regular consultations, clue transfer, and case investigation, a "one discovery, multi-party linkage" law enforcement pattern was formed to build a "information interconnection, law enforcement linkage, approval coordination, and territorial bottoming" full-chain supervision system for the urban cultural market.

After breaking down information barriers, in the early stage of the establishment of the Tianqi Indoor Activity Experience Store (天启室内活动体验店), the Jincheng (晋城) City Cultural Market Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team timely discovered that its multiple systems were unsound, it had not obtained a filing certificate, and it had not established restricted entry signs and age-appropriate prompts, and helped merchants to operate in a standardized manner.

In order to strengthen supervision, the Jincheng (晋城) City Cultural Market Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team coordinated with the Chengqu (城区) Culture and Tourism Bureau and the Chengqu (城区) Administrative Approval Bureau to handle filing registration for enterprises. At the same time, it conducted regular inspections and supervision on enterprises' protection of minors, safety production, and honest operation, and urged enterprises to establish "operation, management, and service" norms, improve the self-inspection system for safety production and emergency response plans to ensure legal compliance.

"Most of the escape room merchants are opened in commercial and residential buildings or comprehensive shopping malls. Decoration materials, flammable props, and closed environments have fire safety hazards. There may be unreasonable locations of evacuation indicator signs, no emergency lighting facilities, and insufficient number of fire extinguishers," Li Xiaojiang introduced.

In the view of Ma Huiqiang, vice president of the School of Culture, Tourism, and News Art of Shanxi University of Finance and Economics (山西财经大学), the "immersive" concept has become a new engine for attracting traffic and promoting consumption in the fields of cultural tourism, performing arts, exhibitions, and commerce. However, some immersive projects in the industry have problems such as tampering with history, vulgar and empty content, gray and edgy services, and terror themes that cause stress disorders in customers.

Ma Huiqiang suggested that the publicity, market supervision, and cultural tourism departments formulate content classification and grading guidance programs and technical ethics guidelines, while paying attention to the content creation and intellectual property protection of the immersive industry, and strengthening the importance of brand culture construction.

Water Sports

Building a "Sea, Land, and Air" Three-Dimensional Security System

Coping with the peak tourist season, scenic area safety is the top priority. "Do a good job in maritime rescue, grasp tourism safety, and dare not relax for a moment," said the safety director of Wanpingkou Scenic Area (万平口景区) in Rizhao (日照) City, Shandong (山东) Province.

As the city's "living room," Wanpingkou Scenic Area (万平口景区) has continued to surge in popularity during the summer vacation. Relying on high-quality coastal resources, diverse formats such as sea karting boats, jet skis, boat trips, and dragon boat experiences have become popular, attracting tourists.

In order to ensure the safety of tourists, Wanpingkou Scenic Area (万平口景区) has established a "unified dispatch, three-in-one, joint prevention and control" 24-hour monitoring and disposal mechanism with the Rizhao (日照) City Public Security, Fire Protection, and Medical Institutions, and jointly established the Sunshine Coast Rescue Station, equipped with assault boats, life-saving robots, unmanned aerial vehicle patrol systems, and other equipment; 20 lifeguards, 12 lookouts, and 12 shore patrol officers are equipped in the 6 bathing beaches in the scenic area; the Rizhao (日照) Shifan Maritime Public Welfare Rescue Team is formed, equipped with 30 professional lifeguards, 9 small and medium-sized high-speed yachts, and 80 training team assault boats, comprehensively integrating professional fire fighting forces and scenic area security resources to build a "sea, land, and air" integrated emergency rescue system to achieve all-weather monitoring and rapid response to key sea areas.

In early August, the scenic area completed the construction of a safety lookout tower near the popular Ruyi Bridge (如意桥), with a field of vision covering 14,000 square meters of bathing beach. "The lookout tower is equipped with high-powered telescopes, loudspeakers, and emergency alarm devices. Three bathing beach management personnel implement a two-shift rotation system, and life-saving buoy ropes are placed in key positions. In case of an emergency, tourists can take them for use at the first time, and rescuers can also arrive quickly," said Li Dawei, a safety management staff member of the scenic area, while debugging the monitoring screen on the tower. "Now that I see someone on duty on the tower and someone patrolling the shore, I feel particularly at ease," said Ms. Wang, who was accompanying her child on the beach, with a smile.

The safety director of Wanpingkou Scenic Area (万平口景区) introduced that when encountering bad weather such as strong winds and rainstorms, the scenic area will quickly activate the emergency response mechanism, pay real-time attention to waves, wind force, and rainfall conditions. Once the warning threshold is reached, the beach, bathing beach, and other sea-related areas will be closed immediately, all sea amusement projects will be suspended, the mooring of ships and the reinforcement of wharf facilities will be checked one by one, and tourists will be guided and persuaded to leave in a timely manner by using broadcasting systems, electronic display screens, and patrol car loudspeakers. The rescue team is on full standby, assault boats and lifeboats are stationed at fixed points, and fire and medical forces are deployed in advance to ensure rapid disposal of sudden dangers. At the same time, the scenic area has established a linkage mechanism with meteorological, maritime, public security, and other departments to obtain weather warning information in advance and dynamically adjust control measures.

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Helping New Employment Groups Improve Skills (Stable Employment in Action)

By: 本报记者  周  欢

"Highball glasses are very fragile, so they must first be wrapped in bubble wrap, and then the package must be filled with air columns on both sides..." At 7 p.m., the courier packing skills course at the New Employment Group Vocational Ability Improvement Platform in Ruijin (瑞金) City, Ganzhou (赣州), Jiangxi (江西) Province, began on time. After demonstrating the highball glass packing method to the newly enrolled couriers, the instructor Deng Bing (邓冰发) threw the package from shoulder height to the ground, and then opened it to see that the highball glass was intact.

　　Now, the instructor Deng Bing (邓冰发) was also a student here a year ago.

　　In May 2023, relevant departments in Ruijin (瑞金) learned through investigation that more than 80% of new employment groups such as couriers, food delivery drivers, and online car-hailing drivers in the city have vocational skills or academic improvement needs, but they generally lack learning channels and other problems. In August of the same year, Ruijin (瑞金) and the Ruijin (瑞金) Open College of the National Open University (国家开放大学) jointly established a new employment group vocational ability improvement platform to create learning classrooms for new employment groups such as couriers, and exempt tuition fees for students who successfully graduate.

　　"In the past, delivering express deliveries relied entirely on physical strength, without any method," Deng Bingfa (邓冰发) said. As the volume of express deliveries continues to increase, the traditional delivery model is becoming increasingly unsustainable. He has always hoped to understand intelligent methods and use more efficient distribution systems.

　　"We teach what the students want to learn." Huang Gang (黄刚), Deputy Minister of the Social Work Department of the Ruijin (瑞金) Municipal Party Committee, introduced that the platform has established a council that meets every quarter. Students can express their opinions on course content, scheduling, and other matters, and teachers "customize" teaching content accordingly. At present, the platform offers various courses such as new employment group career development, online live broadcasting, online housekeeping skills training, and legal aid consultation.

　　"The teacher taught us how to operate the intelligent distribution system and design the optimal distribution route plan." Deng Bingfa (邓冰发) said that delivering express deliveries now saves time and effort. "The efficiency of sending orders is higher, the on-time rate has increased, and wages have also increased."

　　Deng Bingfa (邓冰发), who graduated from a junior college, did not expect that his university dream of many years would also be realized on the new employment group vocational ability improvement platform: "After learning about the bachelor's degree upgrade courses, I immediately signed up. Last year, under the guidance of the teacher, I successfully completed my graduation thesis and obtained a bachelor's degree in financial management from Nanchang University (南昌大学)."

　　Up to now, the Ruijin (瑞金) New Employment Group Vocational Ability Improvement Platform has opened 28 skill classes, 2,566 students have completed skill improvement, more than 300 people have obtained skill certificates such as electricians, live broadcast e-commerce, online car-hailing drivers, and accountants, 11 students have completed academic improvement, and 6 outstanding students have been developed as party members.

　　Ruijin (瑞金) has also formed a volunteer service team of more than 300 new employment groups, developed 94 mobile grid members, and launched a "take a photo" campaign to collect and reflect public opinions on a daily basis. Some time ago, there were continuous heavy rains in the local area. Deng Bingfa (邓冰发) found that a manhole cover on Hongjing Road (红井路) was washed open by the flood while delivering packages, and immediately took a photo and uploaded it to the WeChat mini-program "Take a Photo" of the new employment group vocational ability improvement platform. The municipal department completed the emergency repair within two hours. "Since last year, the 'Take a Photo' problem direct reporting system has received 540 valid pieces of information, with a disposal rate of 98%," said Xie Liping (谢理平), Minister of the Social Work Department of the Ruijin (瑞金) Municipal Party Committee.

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Jiangsu Province to Waive Fees for Highway Rescue Tow Trucks and Cranes Starting in September

This newspaper's Nanjing (南京) August 18th dispatch (Reporter Bai Guangdi (白光迪)) Recently, the Jiangsu Provincial Development and Reform Commission (江苏省发展和改革委员会) and the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Transportation (江苏省交通运输厅) jointly issued the "Notice on Relevant Matters Concerning Vehicle Rescue Service Charges," clarifying that starting from September 2025, Jiangsu (江苏) will waive fees for towing and crane services for highway vehicle rescue services. This measure will effectively reduce the risk of road congestion and secondary accidents, and better ensure the safe and convenient travel of the public.

According to the highway obstacle removal service fee standards formulated by Jiangsu (江苏) in 2019, the base price for towing fees ranges from 200 yuan/vehicle to 350 yuan/vehicle depending on the vehicle type, with an additional operating fee of 5 yuan to 20 yuan per kilometer based on the towing distance; the base price for crane fees ranges from 600 yuan to 1000 yuan.

The notice clarifies that highway vehicle rescue services shall be organized and implemented by the highway operation and management unit, mainly undertaken by its established full-time rescue team, and may be entrusted to qualified social rescue organizations when necessary. Obstacle removal and rescue agencies shall follow the principles of safety, efficiency, standardization, and proximity, and tow broken-down vehicles on the highway free of charge to the nearest exit or service area, while accident vehicles shall be towed free of charge to the location designated by the public security traffic management department. If it is indeed necessary to lift accident vehicles, broken-down vehicles, and the goods they are carrying, crane fees will be waived. In addition, labor service charges for highway vehicle repair and cargo reloading, transshipment, and storage shall be subject to market-adjusted prices, which shall be determined through negotiation by the parties concerned.

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China University of Petroleum (East China) College of Petroleum Engineering: Constructing a New System of Cognitive Practice Teaching for Petroleum Engineering

In an era of profound development in the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, and the in-depth advancement of the energy revolution, the College of Petroleum Engineering of China University of Petroleum (East China) (中国石油大学（华东）石油工程学院) is taking Professor Zhang Liming's (张黎明) "Petroleum Engineering Cognitive Practice" course as a breakthrough point, innovatively constructing an integrated panoramic teaching model of "tour, learn, and exhibit," creating a new paradigm of education that "forges the soul with ideological and political education, reconstructs cognition, and empowers innovation," and cultivating young students' patriotic feelings for serving the country with energy.

"Forging the Soul with Ideological and Political Education" Consolidates the Foundation of Values

In response to the insufficient professional awareness of freshmen, the college innovatively constructs an ideological and political education system that is "broad, high, and warm" to stimulate students' professional enthusiasm.

The college pioneered a "multi-dimensional immersion" education model, allowing ideological and political classes to go beyond the campus: next to the Huabei Well No. 8 (华八井) in the Shengli Oilfield (胜利油田), listening to the story of the "man-pulled and shoulder-carried" battle; in the digitalized oil and gas reservoir research center of the Changqing Oilfield (长庆油田), witnessing the intelligent scenarios of AI empowering traditional industries. This allows students to immerse themselves in the arduous struggle of generations of petroleum workers, making the spirit of petroleum tangible and perceptible.

At the same time, the college adheres to educating people with aesthetics, allowing the red gene to be integrated into the blood of youth. Students perform petroleum dramas, hold "petroleum poetry recitals," and sing "I dedicate petroleum to the motherland" (《我为祖国献石油》), conducting exchanges and dialogues with the older generation of petroleum workers in artistic forms.

"Cognitive Reconstruction" Cultivates Engineering Thinking

The college innovatively constructs a "full-chain connected, virtual-real integrated" practical teaching platform to systematically reshape students' cognitive system of the petroleum industry.

Connect the industrial chain and expand cognitive dimensions. The college, in conjunction with oilfield experts, reconstructs the curriculum system, covering the four core links of reservoir, drilling, oil production, and oilfield chemistry, constructing an orderly connected practice scenario of "well site - research institute - laboratory" to help students establish a complete knowledge framework for petroleum development.

Integrate cutting-edge technology to enhance cognitive levels. Relying on disciplinary advantages, new technologies such as digital twins and rotary steering drilling are introduced into the classroom. Through academician "cloud classrooms" and introductions to the process of scientific research achievement transformation, students can gain an in-depth understanding of the cutting-edge technologies and development prospects of the major.

Innovate virtual-real integration to deepen cognitive understanding. Aiming at invisible scenarios such as underground oil reservoirs, VR teaching modules such as the "Intelligent Drilling Virtual Simulation Platform" are developed, allowing students to experience the underground operating environment thousands of meters deep in virtual scenarios, effectively solving problems such as "difficult on-site observation and difficult understanding of principles," and achieving a cognitive leap from "seeing the trees" to "seeing the forest."

"Innovation Empowerment" Stimulates Intrinsic Motivation

Reconstructing the traditional evaluation system, the college creates an "innovation-driven, three-dimensional evaluation" innovation education ecosystem to fully release students' creative vitality.

Innovative practice is project-based. Set up tiered practical topics such as "equipment model making" and "process simulation," and complete the entire process from topic selection to implementation in a team-based manner to realize the transformation of knowledge principles to practical application.

Competition cultivation is normalized. Establish a "practice-competition" linkage mechanism, and systematically improve students' engineering design and comprehensive expression skills through roadshow presentations, inquiry and defense, and other links. In the past 5 years, students have won 22 provincial-level and above awards in competitions such as the "Challenge Cup" National Undergraduate Extracurricular Academic Science and Technology Works Competition, and have been granted 9 authorized patents.

The display platform is diversified. Build four platforms of "cognitive exhibition and explanation, process display, innovation expansion, and soul-casting exhibition," and construct a three-dimensional display system covering forms such as video production, electronic reports, and project roadshows to realize the transformation from knowledge assessment to comprehensive quality evaluation.

The college's innovative education system has achieved remarkable results, and a group of outstanding representatives such as Guo Fugui (郭福贵), a national advanced model of college students' employment and entrepreneurship, have emerged. Today, the resounding oath of "I dedicate petroleum to the motherland" has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the college's teachers and students, inspiring a new generation of petroleum workers to continue their struggle.

Data source: College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China) (中国石油大学（华东）石油工程学院)

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Editor in Charge for this Edition: Cheng Chen, Lu Fanbing, Li Zhiyao

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Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases

Ordinance of the President of the People's Republic of China

No. 47

The "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases" was revised and adopted at the 15th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on April 30, 2025. It is hereby promulgated and shall come into force on September 1, 2025.

President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping (习近平)

April 30, 2025

Contents

Chapter I General Provisions

Chapter II Prevention

Chapter III Monitoring, Reporting, and Early Warning

Chapter IV Epidemic Control

Chapter V Medical Treatment

Chapter VI Safeguard Measures

Chapter VII Supervision and Management

Chapter VIII Legal Liability

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution to prevent, control, and eliminate the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases, protect public life safety and health, prevent and resolve public health risks, and safeguard national security and social stability.

Article 2 The work on the prevention and control of infectious diseases shall adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, adhere to the principle of putting the people and their lives first, adhere to the policy of prevention first and combining prevention with control, and adhere to the principles of law-based prevention and control and scientific prevention and control.

Article 3 As used in this Law, infectious diseases are classified into Class A infectious diseases, Class B infectious diseases, Class C infectious diseases, and other infectious diseases such as sudden infectious diseases of unknown cause.

Class A infectious diseases refer to infectious diseases that pose a particularly serious threat to human health and life safety, may cause significant economic losses and social impact, and require particularly strict management and control to prevent the spread of the epidemic, including plague and cholera.

Class B infectious diseases refer to infectious diseases that pose a serious threat to human health and life safety, may cause significant economic losses and social impact, and require strict management to reduce morbidity and harm, including novel coronavirus infection, severe acute respiratory syndrome, AIDS, viral hepatitis, poliomyelitis, human infection with novel influenza A subtypes, measles, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, rabies, epidemic encephalitis B, dengue fever, monkeypox, anthrax, bacillary and amoebic dysentery, pulmonary tuberculosis, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, pertussis, diphtheria, neonatal tetanus, scarlet fever, brucellosis, gonorrhea, syphilis, leptospirosis, schistosomiasis, and malaria.

Class C infectious diseases refer to common and frequently occurring infectious diseases that pose a threat to human health and life safety, may cause a certain degree of economic losses and social impact, and require attention to epidemic trends and control of outbreaks and epidemics, including influenza, mumps, rubella, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, leprosy, epidemic and endemic typhus, kala-azar, echinococcosis, filariasis, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and infectious diarrhea other than cholera, bacillary and amoebic dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid fever.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly propose suggestions for adjusting the catalog of various types of infectious diseases based on the outbreak, epidemic situation, and degree of harm of infectious diseases. The adjustment of the catalog of Class A infectious diseases shall be submitted by the health and health authority of the State Council to the State Council for approval and promulgation; the adjustment of the catalog of Class B and Class C infectious diseases shall be approved and promulgated by the health and health authority of the State Council.

Article 4 If a sudden infectious disease of unknown cause requires the adoption of prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases as stipulated in this Law, the disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly propose suggestions, which shall be submitted by the health and health authority of the State Council to the State Council for approval and promulgation.

The prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases as stipulated in this Law shall be adopted for severe acute respiratory syndrome and pulmonary anthrax in anthrax among Class B infectious diseases. If other Class B infectious diseases require the adoption of prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases as stipulated in this Law, they shall be approved and promulgated in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the preceding paragraph.

If it is necessary to lift the prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases taken in accordance with the provisions of this Article, the disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly propose suggestions, which shall be submitted by the health and health authority of the State Council to the State Council for approval and promulgation.

Infectious diseases for which prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases are taken in accordance with the provisions of this Law shall be subject to the provisions of this Law concerning Class A infectious diseases.

Article 5 The people's governments of provinces may, based on the circumstances, decide to manage other common and frequently occurring infectious diseases in their administrative regions as Class B or Class C infectious diseases and promulgate them, and report them to the disease prevention and control department of the State Council for record.

Article 6 The state shall establish and improve the system and mechanism for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, clarify the responsibilities of localities, departments, units, and individuals, and implement joint prevention and control and mass prevention and control.

Article 7 People's governments at all levels shall strengthen their leadership over the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

People's governments at or above the county level shall establish and improve the disease prevention and control, medical treatment, emergency response, material support, and supervision and management systems for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and strengthen the construction of capabilities for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Article 8 The health and health authority of the State Council shall take the lead in organizing and coordinating the national response to infectious disease epidemics and shall be responsible for organizing and guiding the national medical treatment of infectious diseases. The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall be responsible for organizing and guiding the national prevention and control of infectious diseases and shall be responsible for related work in responding to national infectious disease epidemics. Other relevant departments of the State Council shall be responsible for relevant work on the prevention and control of infectious diseases within their respective responsibilities.

The health and health authorities of local people's governments at or above the county level shall take the lead in organizing and coordinating the response to infectious disease epidemics in their administrative regions and shall be responsible for organizing and guiding the medical treatment of infectious diseases in their administrative regions. The disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for organizing and guiding the prevention and control of infectious diseases in their administrative regions and shall be responsible for related work in responding to infectious disease epidemics in their administrative regions. Other relevant departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for relevant work on the prevention and control of infectious diseases within their respective responsibilities.

The prevention and control of infectious diseases in the Chinese People's Liberation Army and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force shall be handled in accordance with this Law and the relevant provisions of the Central Military Commission, and the department responsible for health work of the Central Military Commission shall implement supervision and management.

Article 9 The joint prevention and control mechanism for major infectious disease epidemics of the State Council and local people's governments at or above the county level shall conduct consultations and judgments on the epidemic situation, and organize, coordinate, supervise, and promote the work of epidemic prevention and control.

In the event of a major infectious disease epidemic that constitutes a public health emergency, the State Council and local people's governments at or above the county level shall establish an emergency command organization and initiate an emergency response in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on responding to public health emergencies.

Article 10 The state shall establish and improve a disease prevention and control network that is integrated between urban and rural areas, linked up and down, and fully functional.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall lead the professional work of disease prevention and control institutions at all levels and establish a division of labor and cooperation mechanism that is linked up and down.

National and provincial disease prevention and control institutions shall establish expert committees on disease prevention and control to provide professional technical support such as consultation, evaluation, and argumentation for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Article 11 The state shall adhere to the equal emphasis on traditional Chinese and Western medicine, strengthen the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and give full play to the role of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Article 12 The state shall support and encourage scientific research on the prevention and control of infectious diseases, organize research on the prevention and control of infectious diseases and public health, as well as multidisciplinary joint research, and improve the scientific and technological level of the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Article 13 The state shall support and encourage the application of modern information technology in the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Personal information processing activities such as personal information collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and deletion carried out in the prevention and control of infectious diseases shall comply with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations such as the "Civil Code of the People's Republic of China" and the "Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China," take measures to ensure the security of personal information, protect personal privacy, and shall not excessively collect personal information; relevant information shall not be used for purposes other than the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Article 14 All units and individuals within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall support the work of preventing and controlling infectious diseases, accept and cooperate with investigations, sample collection, testing, isolation treatment, medical observation, and other measures taken in accordance with the law to prevent, control, and eliminate the harm of infectious diseases, and take necessary protective measures as needed for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

The state shall support and encourage units and individuals to participate in the work of preventing and controlling infectious diseases. People's governments at all levels shall improve relevant systems, provide convenient measures, and guide units and individuals to participate in activities such as publicity and education, epidemic reporting, volunteer services, and donations for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Article 15 Disease prevention and control departments, subdistrict offices, and township people's governments shall carry out mass prevention and control work and guide residents' committees and villagers' committees to assist in the prevention and control of infectious diseases in urban and rural communities.

Residents' committees and villagers' committees shall assist people's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments, subdistrict offices, and township people's governments in carrying out publicity and education, health tips, and epidemic prevention and control work for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in urban and rural communities, and organize urban and rural residents to participate in the prevention and control of infectious diseases in urban and rural communities.

People's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments, subdistrict offices, and township people's governments shall provide necessary support and guarantees for residents' committees and villagers' committees to carry out the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Article 16 The state and society shall care for and help patients with infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, and suspected patients, so that they can receive timely treatment.

No unit or individual shall discriminate against patients with infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, or suspected patients, and shall not disclose personal privacy or personal information.

Article 17 The adoption of prevention and control measures for infectious diseases shall be in accordance with statutory authority and procedures, and shall be commensurate with the degree and scope of the outbreak and epidemic of infectious diseases and the possible harm caused; if there are multiple measures to choose from, measures that are conducive to maximizing the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of units and individuals and that have less impact on the rights and interests of others and on production and life shall be selected, and timely adjustments shall be made based on changes in circumstances.

If units and individuals believe that the relevant administrative actions or prevention and control measures for infectious diseases implemented by relevant local people's governments, health and health authorities, disease prevention and control departments, and other relevant departments, as well as disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions, infringe upon their legitimate rights and interests, they may apply for administrative reconsideration or file a lawsuit in accordance with the law.

Article 18 The state shall carry out health education on the prevention and control of infectious diseases, strengthen publicity on the rule of law in the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and improve the public's health literacy and awareness of the rule of law in the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Schools and childcare institutions shall educate students and children on health knowledge and knowledge of the prevention and control of infectious diseases in accordance with their age characteristics.

News media shall carry out public service publicity on the prevention and control of infectious diseases and public health knowledge.

Individuals shall learn knowledge of the prevention and control of infectious diseases, develop good hygiene habits, and cultivate healthy lifestyles.

Article 19 The state shall support and encourage international exchanges and cooperation in the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

Article 20 Units and individuals who have made significant achievements and contributions in the prevention and control of infectious diseases shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with relevant state regulations.

Personnel who become ill, disabled, or die as a result of participating in the prevention and control of infectious diseases shall be given subsidies, pensions, and preferential treatment in accordance with relevant regulations.

Chapter II Prevention

Article 21 People's governments at all levels shall organize and carry out patriotic health campaigns, improve public health facilities, improve the living environment, strengthen social health management, and improve the health level of the entire population.

Article 22 Local people's governments at all levels shall plan to build and renovate urban and rural public health facilities, improve drinking water hygiene conditions, and carry out harmless treatment of sewage, waste, and feces. Cities shall build public toilets, harmless disposal sites for garbage and feces, and drainage and sewage treatment systems and other public health facilities in accordance with relevant national and local standards. Rural areas shall gradually renovate toilets and establish necessary health management systems.

People's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the construction of medical waste collection and disposal capacity. People's governments of cities divided into districts shall determine medical waste collaborative emergency disposal facilities to improve the emergency disposal capacity of medical waste in major infectious disease epidemics.

Article 23 The agricultural and rural, water conservancy, forestry and grassland, and other departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their duties, guide and organize the control and elimination of rodent damage and schistosomiasis hazards in farmland, lake areas, rivers, pastures, forest areas, and grassland areas, as well as the hazards of other animals and vector organisms that transmit infectious diseases.

Transportation, railway, civil aviation, and other departments shall, in accordance with their duties, guide and supervise transportation operators and the operating units of relevant places such as stations, ports, and airports to eliminate the hazards of rodent damage and vector organisms such as mosquitoes and flies.

Article 24 The state shall implement an immunization program. The government shall provide immunization program vaccines to residents free of charge.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall formulate the national immunization program. When implementing the national immunization program, the people's governments of provinces may, based on the needs of disease prevention and control in their administrative regions, increase the types of immunization program vaccines and strengthen preventive vaccination in key areas and key populations, and report them to the disease prevention and control department of the State Council for record and promulgation.

The state shall implement a vaccination certificate system for children. Medical institutions, disease prevention and control institutions, and the guardians, schools, and childcare institutions of children shall cooperate with each other to ensure that children are vaccinated with immunization program vaccines in a timely manner.

In the event of particularly serious public health emergencies or other emergencies that seriously threaten public health, vaccines may be used urgently within a certain scope and time limit in accordance with the provisions of the "Vaccine Administration Law of the People's Republic of China."

Article 25 Disease prevention and control institutions at all levels shall perform the following duties in the prevention and control of infectious diseases:

(1) Implementing infectious disease prevention and control plans, formulating technical plans for infectious disease prevention and control, and organizing their implementation;

(2) Organizing and carrying out infectious disease monitoring, collecting, analyzing, and reporting infectious disease monitoring information, and predicting the occurrence and epidemic trends of infectious diseases;

(3) Carrying out epidemiological investigations, risk assessments, on-site handling, and evaluation of the effects of infectious disease epidemics and public health emergencies;

(4) Carrying out laboratory testing, diagnosis, and etiological identification of infectious diseases;

(5) Implementing immunization programs and being responsible for the management of the use of prophylactic biological products;

(6) Carrying out health education and consultation, and popularizing knowledge on the prevention and control of infectious diseases;

(7) Guiding and training lower-level disease prevention and control institutions and their staff to carry out infectious disease prevention and control work;

(8) Guiding medical institutions and key places such as schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, assistance management institutions, sports venues, supervision sites, stations, ports, and airports to carry out infectious disease prevention and control work;

(9) Carrying out basic research, applied research, and health evaluation on the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and providing technical consultation.

National and provincial disease prevention and control institutions shall mainly be responsible for monitoring the occurrence, epidemic, and distribution of infectious diseases, predicting the epidemic trends of key infectious diseases, proposing prevention and control countermeasures, participating in and guiding the investigation and handling of outbreaks of infectious disease epidemics, carrying out etiological identification of infectious diseases, establishing a quality control system for testing, and carrying out basic research, applied research, health evaluation, and standard specification formulation.
The disease prevention and control institutions at the level of cities divided into districts and counties are mainly responsible for the implementation of infectious disease prevention and control plans and prevention and control technical programs, organizing and implementing immunization and disinfection, guiding the control of vector biological hazards, popularizing knowledge of infectious disease prevention and control, being responsible for the monitoring and reporting of infectious diseases and sudden public health events in their respective regions, carrying out epidemiological investigations and common pathogenic microorganism detection, and conducting applied research and health evaluations.

Article 26 Medical institutions at or above the secondary level shall have specialized departments and designated personnel to undertake the prevention and control of infectious diseases, the reporting of infectious disease epidemics, and the prevention of infectious diseases within their responsible areas.

Primary healthcare institutions shall have specialized departments or designated personnel responsible for the prevention and control management of infectious diseases, and under the guidance of disease prevention and control institutions, undertake the prevention and control of infectious diseases within their institutions and responsible areas, as well as health education on infectious disease prevention and control, vaccination, reporting of infectious disease epidemics, health monitoring of infectious disease patients, and guidance on infectious disease prevention and control in urban and rural communities.

Article 27 The basic standards, architectural design, and service processes of medical institutions shall meet the requirements for preventing healthcare-associated infections and reducing the risk of infectious disease transmission within medical institutions.

Medical institutions shall strictly implement the management systems and operating procedures prescribed by the state, strengthen the monitoring of risk factors related to healthcare-associated infections, safety protection, disinfection, isolation, and the disposal of medical waste and medical sewage, and prevent the spread of infectious diseases within medical institutions.

Medical institutions shall disinfect or sterilize the medical devices used in accordance with regulations; medical devices that are designated for single use in accordance with regulations shall be destroyed after use.

Article 28 The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall formulate emergency plans for the prevention and control of national key infectious diseases and sudden infectious diseases of unknown cause, which shall be approved and promulgated by the health authority of the State Council.

Local people's governments at or above the county level shall formulate emergency plans for the prevention and control of key infectious diseases and sudden infectious diseases of unknown cause in their respective administrative regions, report them to the people's government at the next higher level for record, and promulgate them. Local people's governments in adjacent and nearby areas are encouraged to formulate joint emergency plans for the prevention and control of regional infectious diseases.

Emergency plans for the prevention and control of infectious diseases shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law and other relevant laws and regulations, specifically stipulate the organizational command system and responsibilities for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, prevention of infectious diseases, monitoring, epidemic reporting and notification, epidemic risk assessment, early warning, emergency work plans, personnel mobilization, and material and technical reserves and deployment, based on the outbreak, epidemic situation, and degree of harm of infectious diseases.

Article 29 Medical and health institutions, schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, aid management institutions, sports venues, detention facilities, stations, ports, airports, and other key venues shall formulate emergency plans for infectious disease prevention and control in their respective units.

Article 30 Emergency plans for infectious disease prevention and control shall enhance scientific rigor, relevance, and operability, and shall be revised in a timely manner based on actual needs and changes in the situation.

The disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall regularly organize drills in accordance with relevant emergency plans for infectious disease prevention and control. Medical and health institutions, schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, aid management institutions, sports venues, detention facilities, stations, ports, airports, and other key venues shall conduct drills in accordance with the emergency plans for infectious disease prevention and control in their respective units.

Article 31 The laboratories of disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions, and units engaged in pathogenic microorganism experiments, shall comply with the laws and administrative regulations on biosafety of pathogenic microorganism laboratories, meet the conditions and technical standards prescribed by the state, establish strict management systems, and implement strict management of infectious disease pathogens and samples in accordance with the prescribed measures, so as to strictly prevent laboratory infections and the spread of infectious disease pathogens.

Article 32 Blood collection and supply institutions and biological product manufacturing units shall strictly implement relevant state regulations to ensure the quality and safety of blood and blood products.

It is forbidden to illegally collect blood or organize others to sell blood.

Disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions shall comply with relevant state regulations when using blood and blood products to prevent the occurrence of blood-borne diseases caused by blood transfusions and the use of blood products.

Article 33 People's governments at all levels shall strengthen the prevention and control of AIDS, take prevention and control measures, and prevent the spread of AIDS. Specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

Article 34 The state shall establish and improve a collaborative mechanism for the prevention and control of zoonotic infectious diseases, coordinate planning, and collaboratively promote prevention and control work, and do a good job in health education for key populations, infectious disease monitoring, epidemic investigation and disposal, and information notification.

The agricultural and rural, forestry and grassland, health, and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the prevention and control management of animal infectious diseases related to zoonotic infectious diseases in accordance with their respective responsibilities, and shall focus on strengthening the prevention and control of zoonotic infectious diseases such as plague, rabies, human infection with novel influenza A viruses, brucellosis, anthrax, schistosomiasis, and echinococcosis.

Article 35 The state shall establish a germ (virus) strain bank for pathogenic microorganisms.

Classified management shall be implemented for the collection, preservation, provision, carrying, transportation, and use of pathogenic microorganism germ (virus) strains and infectious disease detection samples, and strict management systems shall be established and improved. Engaging in related activities shall comply with the laws and administrative regulations on biosafety of pathogenic microorganism laboratories; if approval or filing is required by law, approval shall be obtained or filing shall be carried out.

Article 36 For water, articles, and places contaminated by infectious disease pathogens, relevant units and individuals shall carry out scientific and strict disinfection treatment under the guidance of disease prevention and control institutions or in accordance with the health requirements they put forward; if disinfection treatment is refused, the local disease prevention and control department shall organize mandatory disinfection treatment.

Article 37 When planning to build large-scale construction projects such as water conservancy, transportation, tourism, and energy in natural foci of disease confirmed by the state, the construction environment shall be subject to a sanitary survey by disease prevention and control institutions at or above the provincial level in advance. The construction unit shall take necessary infectious disease prevention and control measures in accordance with the opinions of the disease prevention and control institution. During the construction period, the construction unit shall designate a person to be responsible for the sanitary and epidemic prevention work on the construction site. During the construction period and after the completion of the project, the disease prevention and control institution shall monitor possible infectious diseases.

Article 38 Disinfection products used for infectious disease prevention and control, drinking water supplied by drinking water supply units, and products involving drinking water hygiene and safety shall comply with national health standards and health norms.

Production enterprises of disinfection products used for infectious disease prevention and control shall be approved by the disease prevention and control department of the provincial people's government and obtain a health permit. Disinfectants and disinfection equipment produced using new materials, new process technologies, and new sterilization principles shall be approved by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council and obtain a health permit; other disinfectants, disinfection equipment, and antibacterial (inhibitory) agents shall be filed with the disease prevention and control department of the provincial people's government.

Drinking water supply units shall be approved by the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at the level of cities divided into districts or counties and obtain a health permit. Products involving drinking water hygiene and safety shall be approved by the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the provincial level and obtain a health permit.

Article 39 Infectious disease patients, pathogen carriers, and suspected patients shall truthfully provide relevant information and shall not engage in work that is prohibited by laws, administrative regulations, and the disease prevention and control department of the State Council that is likely to spread the infectious disease before being cured or before the suspicion of infectious disease is ruled out.

Infectious disease patients, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, and close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel shall take necessary protective measures.

No unit or individual may intentionally spread infectious diseases in any way.

Article 40 Schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, aid management institutions, sports venues, detention facilities, stations, ports, airports, and other key venues shall implement the main responsibility, strengthen the construction of infectious disease prevention and control capabilities, and carry out infectious disease prevention and control work under the guidance of disease prevention and control institutions.

Chapter III Monitoring, Reporting, and Early Warning

Article 41 The state shall strengthen infectious disease monitoring and early warning, and build a multi-point trigger, rapid response, authoritative, and efficient infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.

Article 42 The state shall establish and improve an infectious disease monitoring system.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall, in conjunction with relevant departments of the State Council, formulate national infectious disease monitoring plans and programs. The disease prevention and control departments of the provincial people's governments shall, in conjunction with relevant departments of the people's governments at the same level, formulate infectious disease monitoring plans and work programs for their respective administrative regions in accordance with the national infectious disease monitoring plans and programs, and implement them after reporting them to the disease prevention and control department of the State Council for review.

The state shall strengthen infectious disease monitoring, implement direct online reporting of infectious disease epidemics and sudden public health events relying on the infectious disease monitoring system, establish monitoring sentinel sites for key infectious diseases and infectious diseases of unknown cause, expand the scope of infectious disease symptom monitoring, collect information on infectious disease syndromes, cluster unexplained diseases, etc., establish an infectious disease etiological monitoring network, carry out multi-pathogen monitoring through multiple channels, establish an intelligent multi-point trigger mechanism, enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of monitoring, improve real-time analysis and centralized judgment capabilities, and promptly detect infectious disease epidemics and sudden public health events.

Article 43 Disease prevention and control institutions shall monitor the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases and the factors affecting their occurrence and prevalence, and promptly grasp the epidemic intensity, degree of harm, and pathogen variation of key infectious diseases.

Disease prevention and control institutions shall strengthen the monitoring of infectious diseases of unknown cause, improve the ability to quickly detect and promptly identify them; and monitor newly emerging infectious diseases, infectious diseases that have been eliminated in the country, and infectious diseases that occur abroad but have not yet occurred in the country.

Article 44 The state shall establish a cross-departmental and cross-regional infectious disease monitoring information sharing mechanism, and strengthen the linkage monitoring and information sharing of health, disease prevention and control, ecological environment, agriculture and rural affairs, customs, market supervision and management, immigration management, forestry and grassland, and other departments.

The state shall establish a mutual communication and sharing system for clinical medical and disease prevention and control information, strengthen medical-prevention collaboration, promote the interconnection of information systems of medical institutions and other institutions with the infectious disease monitoring system, establish and improve an automatic acquisition mechanism for infectious disease diagnosis, pathogen detection data, etc., standardize information sharing processes, and ensure personal information security.

Article 45 The state shall establish and improve an infectious disease epidemic reporting system.

When disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and blood collection and supply institutions and their personnel performing their duties discover patients, pathogen carriers, or suspected patients with Class A infectious diseases, or newly emerging infectious diseases, or sudden infectious diseases of unknown cause, as well as outbreaks and epidemics of other infectious diseases, they shall conduct direct online reporting within two hours; when they discover patients or suspected patients with Class B infectious diseases, or pathogen carriers of Class B infectious diseases that need to be reported as stipulated by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council, they shall conduct direct online reporting within twenty-four hours; when they discover patients with Class C infectious diseases, they shall conduct direct online reporting within twenty-four hours.

If the medical institutions of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (中国人民解放军) and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force (中国人民武装警察部队) provide medical services to the public, they shall report infectious disease epidemics in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Infectious disease epidemic reporting shall follow the principle of territorial management, and specific measures shall be formulated by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Article 46 Disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and blood collection and supply institutions shall establish and improve an infectious disease epidemic reporting management system, strengthen the training, daily management, and quality control of infectious disease epidemic and related information reporting, and regularly analyze, summarize, and report the infectious disease epidemic and related information and reporting quality reported by their respective institutions.

Article 47 When schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, aid management institutions, sports venues, detention facilities, stations, ports, airports, and other key venues discover patients or suspected patients with infectious diseases, they shall report relevant information to the local disease prevention and control institution in accordance with the regulations of the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Inspection and testing institutions, etc., shall report information related to infectious disease prevention and control to the local disease prevention and control institution in accordance with the regulations of the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Article 48 Any unit or individual who discovers patients or suspected patients with infectious diseases shall promptly report to the nearby disease prevention and control institution, medical institution, or disease prevention and control department.

Disease prevention and control departments shall publicize hotline numbers, etc., to facilitate reporting channels and ensure timely receipt, investigation, and handling of relevant reporting information.

Article 49 Disease prevention and control institutions shall establish or designate specialized departments and personnel to be responsible for infectious disease epidemic information management, and actively collect, analyze, investigate, and verify infectious disease epidemic information.

When disease prevention and control institutions receive reports of Class A infectious diseases, newly emerging infectious diseases, or sudden infectious diseases of unknown cause, or discover outbreaks and epidemics of infectious diseases, they shall complete the verification of infectious disease epidemic information and the reporting to the health authority, disease prevention and control department, and higher-level disease prevention and control institution at the same level within two hours. After receiving the report, the disease prevention and control department shall immediately report to the people's government at the same level, and at the same time report to the health authority, disease prevention and control department of the people's government at the next higher level, and the health authority, disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Article 50 No unit or individual may interfere with infectious disease epidemic reporting.

Relevant departments of the people's government, disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and blood collection and supply institutions and their staff who are responsible for infectious disease epidemic reporting in accordance with the provisions of this Law shall not conceal, falsely report, delay reporting, or fail to report infectious disease epidemics.

Article 51 Units and individuals who promptly discover and report newly emerging infectious diseases or sudden infectious diseases of unknown cause shall be rewarded in accordance with relevant state regulations.

Units and individuals who report an infectious disease epidemic that is excluded after investigation shall not bear legal responsibility.

Article 52 The state shall establish and improve an infectious disease epidemic risk assessment system.

Disease prevention and control institutions shall promptly analyze information related to infectious diseases and health hazard factors, and assess the risk of infectious disease epidemics, the possible impact, and the development trend of the epidemic.

Article 53 The state shall establish and improve an infectious disease early warning system.

Disease prevention and control institutions shall issue health risk warnings to the public based on infectious disease monitoring information and infectious disease epidemic risk assessment results; if they discover that a sudden public health event may occur and assess that it is necessary to issue an early warning, they shall propose a suggestion to the disease prevention and control department at the same level to issue an early warning. After receiving the suggestion, the disease prevention and control department shall promptly organize experts to analyze and judge, and if it is necessary to issue an early warning, the health authority and disease prevention and control department shall immediately report to the people's government at the same level.

The people's governments at or above the county level shall decide to issue early warnings to the public in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on responding to sudden public health events and the powers and procedures prescribed by the State Council.
Article 54 The disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall promptly inform the disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions within their administrative regions of infectious disease epidemics and related monitoring and early warning information. Upon receiving the notification, the disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions shall promptly report to the main person in charge of their institution and inform relevant personnel of their institution.

Article 55 The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly inform the disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments of provinces and the departments responsible for health work of the Central Military Commission (中央军事委员会) of the national infectious disease epidemics and related monitoring and early warning information. When the department responsible for health work of the Central Military Commission (中央军事委员会) discovers an infectious disease epidemic, it shall report it to the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

The disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments in adjacent or related areas shall promptly notify each other of infectious disease epidemics and related monitoring and early warning information within their administrative regions.

Article 56 The disease prevention and control departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall establish an infectious disease epidemic notification mechanism with the education, public security, civil affairs, judicial administration, ecological environment, agriculture and rural affairs, market supervision and administration, forestry and grassland, and traditional Chinese medicine departments of the people's governments at the same level to share infectious disease epidemic information in a timely manner.

When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, the health and health, disease prevention and control, foreign affairs, industry and information technology, public security, transportation, railway, civil aviation, customs, immigration management and other departments of the State Council, as well as the relevant units and departments of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (中国人民解放军) and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force (中国人民武装警察部队), shall establish a working mechanism to share infectious disease epidemic information in a timely manner.

Article 57 The state shall establish and improve the system for publicizing infectious disease epidemic information.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall regularly publish national infectious disease epidemic information to the public. The disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall regularly publish infectious disease epidemic information in their administrative regions to the public.

When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, the disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall promptly and accurately publish to the public infectious disease epidemic information such as the name of the infectious disease, the scope of epidemic spread, and the number of confirmed cases, suspected cases, and deaths in their administrative regions. When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic crosses provincial administrative regions, the disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly and accurately publish the above information to the public.

If the disease prevention and control departments of people's governments at or above the county level discover false or incomplete infectious disease epidemic information, they shall promptly release accurate information to clarify it.

The specific measures for the publication of infectious disease epidemic information shall be formulated by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Chapter IV Epidemic Control

Article 58 When medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions discover Class A infectious diseases, they shall immediately take the following measures and report to the disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments at or above the county level:

(1) Isolate and treat and conduct medical observation of patients with Class A infectious diseases and pathogen carriers;

(2) Isolate and treat suspected patients with Class A infectious diseases separately before diagnosis;

(3) Conduct medical observation of close contacts of patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, and suspected patients, and take other necessary preventive measures.

Medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions shall scientifically and reasonably determine the specific scope and duration of personnel for isolation treatment and medical observation measures for patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, and close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel in accordance with relevant national regulations and medical examination results, and adjust them in a timely manner according to changes in circumstances. The isolation treatment and medical observation measures shall not exceed the prescribed scope and duration.

Medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions shall inform patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, and close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel in writing of the diagnosis or determination results and the measures that should be taken in accordance with the law.

Patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, and close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel shall actively accept and cooperate with medical examinations, isolation treatment, medical observation, and other measures.

Those who refuse isolation treatment, medical observation, or leave without authorization before the expiration of the isolation treatment or medical observation period shall be subject to compulsory isolation treatment and medical observation measures by the public security organs with the assistance of medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions.

Article 59 If medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions receive reports of Class A infectious diseases from other units and individuals, the transfer of relevant patients with Class A infectious diseases and suspected patients shall be implemented in accordance with the regulations of the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Article 60 When medical institutions discover patients with Class B or Class C infectious diseases, they shall take necessary treatment and control measures to prevent the spread of the disease according to the condition.

Medical institutions designated by the disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall treat patients with pulmonary tuberculosis; conduct drug resistance tests and standardized isolation treatment for patients with infectious pulmonary tuberculosis, and screen their close contacts. Primary medical and health institutions shall conduct health management for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. The specific measures shall be drafted by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council and submitted to the health and health authority of the State Council for review and publication.

Article 61 Medical institutions shall disinfect and harmlessly dispose of places and articles contaminated by infectious disease pathogens within the institution, as well as medical waste and medical sewage, in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

Article 62 When disease prevention and control institutions discover an infectious disease epidemic or receive a report of an infectious disease epidemic, they shall promptly take the following measures:

(1) Conduct an epidemiological investigation of the infectious disease epidemic, propose prevention and control recommendations for the affected areas based on the investigation, carry out sanitary treatment of contaminated places, determine close contacts, guide the management of close contacts, and propose an infectious disease prevention and control plan to the disease prevention and control department;

(2) When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, carry out sanitary treatment of the affected areas, propose an infectious disease prevention and control plan to the disease prevention and control department, and take measures in accordance with the relevant requirements for infectious disease prevention and control;

(3) Guide lower-level disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions to implement infectious disease prevention and control measures, and organize and guide relevant units to handle infectious disease epidemics.

Relevant units and individuals shall accept and cooperate with the disease prevention and control institutions in carrying out epidemiological investigations and provide information truthfully. If the disease prevention and control institutions need assistance from relevant departments and units in carrying out epidemiological investigations, the relevant departments and units shall provide assistance.

When an infectious disease epidemic occurs, disease prevention and control institutions and other professional and technical institutions related to infectious diseases designated by the disease prevention and control departments of people's governments at or above the provincial level may enter the affected areas to conduct investigations, collect samples, technical analysis, and testing. The investigated units and individuals shall provide information truthfully; no unit or individual may conceal information or obstruct the investigation.

Article 63 When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, the local people's government at or above the county level shall immediately organize forces to carry out prevention and treatment in accordance with the emergency plan for infectious disease prevention and control, control the source of infection, and cut off the transmission route of the infectious disease; if a major infectious disease epidemic occurs, the following emergency measures may be taken after assessment if necessary:

(1) Restricting or stopping market fairs, theater performances, or other activities involving gatherings of people;

(2) Suspension of work, business, and classes;

(3) Sealing off or sealing up public drinking water sources, food, and related items contaminated by infectious disease pathogens;

(4) Controlling or culling and harmlessly treating infected animals;

(5) Sealing off places that may cause the spread of infectious diseases;

(6) Other necessary measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

When the local people's government at or above the county level takes the emergency measures prescribed in the preceding paragraph, it shall report to the people's government at the next higher level at the same time. If the people's government at the next higher level that receives the report considers that the emergency measures taken are inappropriate, it shall immediately adjust or revoke them.

When necessary, the State Council or the department authorized by the State Council may decide to take the emergency measures prescribed in the first paragraph of this article in the whole country or in some areas.

Article 64 For personnel in places where cases of Class A infectious diseases have occurred or in specific areas within those places, the local people's government at or above the county level where the place is located may implement isolation measures and report to the people's government at the next higher level at the same time. If the people's government at the next higher level that receives the report considers that the isolation measures implemented are inappropriate, it shall immediately adjust or revoke them.

Personnel subject to isolation measures shall cooperate; those who refuse to implement isolation measures shall be subject to compulsory isolation measures by the public security organs with the assistance of disease prevention and control institutions.

Article 65 If a new infectious disease or a sudden infectious disease of unknown cause occurs, the local people's government at or above the county level may, after assessment and if it deems it necessary, take the prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases prescribed in this Law in advance and report to the people's government at the next higher level at the same time. If the people's government at the next higher level that receives the report considers that the prevention and control measures taken in advance are inappropriate, it shall immediately adjust or revoke them.

Article 66 When a major infectious disease epidemic occurs due to Class A or Class B infectious diseases, the local people's government at or above the county level may, upon approval by the people's government at the next higher level, implement health and quarantine measures on personnel, materials, and means of transportation entering or leaving the affected areas within its administrative region.

When a major infectious disease epidemic occurs due to a Class A infectious disease, the provincial people's government may decide to implement a blockade on the affected areas within its administrative region; the blockade of large and medium-sized cities or affected areas across provincial administrative regions, as well as the blockade that leads to the interruption of trunk line traffic or the blockade of national borders, shall be decided by the State Council.

Article 67 When taking infectious disease prevention and control measures in accordance with the provisions of Articles 63 to 66 of this Law, the organ that decides to take the measures shall issue a public announcement to the public, clarifying the specific content, scope of implementation, and duration of implementation of the measures, and provide necessary explanations. The lifting of relevant prevention and control measures shall be decided and announced by the original decision-making organ.

During the period of taking the measures prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the local people's government shall ensure the supply of basic necessities such as food and drinking water, provide basic medical services, and maintain social stability; special care and arrangements shall be given to groups such as minors, the elderly, people with disabilities, women during pregnancy and lactation, and sick and injured personnel who need timely treatment, and ensure that relevant personnel receive medical treatment. The local people's government shall publish help-seeking telephone numbers and other information, unblock help-seeking channels, and provide assistance to people in need in a timely manner.

If a worker is unable to work due to the measures prescribed in Articles 58 and 63 to 66 of this Law, the employer shall retain his/her job and pay his/her wages and living expenses during this period in accordance with regulations. Employers may enjoy relevant support policies in accordance with regulations.

Article 68 When a Class A infectious disease occurs, in order to prevent the spread of the infectious disease through means of transportation and the personnel and materials carried by them, the provincial people's government may decide to implement traffic health and quarantine. The specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

Article 69 When a major infectious disease epidemic occurs, according to the needs of infectious disease prevention and control, the State Council and its relevant departments have the right to urgently mobilize personnel or call up reserve materials within the national or cross-provincial administrative region, and the local people's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments have the right to urgently mobilize personnel or call up reserve materials within their administrative regions, temporarily requisition houses, means of transportation, and related facilities, equipment, sites, and other materials, and require relevant units and individuals to provide technical support.

Those who are urgently mobilized shall be given reasonable remuneration in accordance with regulations. Those who temporarily requisition houses, means of transportation, and related facilities, equipment, sites, and other materials, and require relevant units and individuals to provide technical support shall be given fair and reasonable compensation in accordance with the law; those that can be returned shall be returned in a timely manner.

Article 70 Medical institutions, disease prevention and control institutions, and testing institutions shall carry out testing activities in accordance with the technical specifications and standards for infectious disease testing, and strengthen testing quality control.

Article 71 In the event of death from a Class A infectious disease or anthrax, the corpse shall be immediately subjected to sanitary treatment and cremated nearby; in the event of death from other infectious diseases, the corpse shall be subjected to sanitary treatment and cremated or deeply buried in accordance with regulations when necessary. The family members of the deceased shall be informed in a timely manner of the cremation or deep burial of the corpse.

In order to find the cause of an infectious disease, medical institutions may, when necessary, conduct an autopsy on the corpse of an infectious disease patient or a suspected infectious disease patient in accordance with the regulations of the health and health authority and the disease prevention and control department of the State Council, and shall inform the family members of the deceased in a timely manner. Autopsies on corpses shall be carried out in places that meet biosafety conditions.

Article 72 Items in the affected areas prescribed in Article 66 of this Law that are contaminated or may be contaminated by infectious disease pathogens and can be used after disinfection shall be disinfected under the guidance of disease prevention and control institutions before they can be used, sold, and transported.

Article 73 When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, relevant production and supply units shall promptly produce and supply medicines, medical devices, and other emergency supplies needed for infectious disease prevention and control. Transportation, postal, and express delivery operators shall give priority to transporting personnel participating in infectious disease prevention and control, as well as medicines, medical devices, and other emergency supplies needed for infectious disease prevention and control. The relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall do a good job in organizing and coordinating.

Article 74 If a unit or individual believes that the infectious disease prevention and control measures prescribed in Articles 58 and 63 to 66 of this Law infringe upon its legitimate rights and interests, it may file a complaint with the local people's government at or above the county level or its designated department, and the relevant measures shall not be suspended during the complaint period. The local people's government at or above the county level shall unblock complaint channels, improve handling procedures, and ensure that relevant complaints are handled in a timely manner.

Chapter V Medical Treatment

Article 75 The people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen and improve the construction of an infectious disease medical treatment service network that combines routine and emergency services, designate medical institutions with infectious disease treatment conditions and capabilities to undertake infectious disease treatment tasks, and set up specialized infectious disease hospitals according to the needs of infectious disease treatment.

Article 76 The state shall establish and improve a medical treatment system for major infectious disease epidemics, establish a comprehensive medical treatment system composed of specialized infectious disease hospitals, general hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, pre-hospital emergency institutions, temporary treatment sites, primary medical and health institutions, blood stations, etc., classify and treat infectious disease patients, strengthen medical treatment for critically ill patients, and improve the medical treatment capacity for major infectious disease epidemics.

Article 77 Medical institutions shall provide medical care, on-site rescue, and diagnosis and treatment to infectious disease patients and suspected patients, and fill in and properly keep medical records and other relevant materials in accordance with regulations.

Medical institutions shall set up fever clinics in accordance with the regulations of the health and health authority of the State Council, strengthen the standardized construction of fever clinics, optimize service processes, and improve service capabilities.

Medical institutions shall implement an infectious disease triage and triage system; infectious disease patients and suspected patients shall be guided to relatively isolated triage points for initial diagnosis. If a medical institution does not have the corresponding treatment capacity, it shall transfer the infectious disease patient or suspected patient and his/her medical records to a medical institution with the corresponding treatment capacity. During the referral process, necessary protective measures shall be taken for infectious disease patients and suspected patients.
Article 78 Medical institutions shall take corresponding measures in accordance with the standards for infectious disease diagnosis and treatment requirements, give full play to the advantages of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, strengthen the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and improve the ability to diagnose and treat infectious diseases.

The state supports and encourages medical institutions to strengthen the diagnosis and treatment research of infectious diseases in combination with their own characteristics.

Article 79 The state encourages the research and innovation of drugs and medical devices for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and gives priority to the review and approval of drugs and medical devices urgently needed for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

In case of urgent medical treatment needs for major infectious disease epidemics, physicians may use drugs in a manner not specified in the drug instructions within a certain scope and time limit in accordance with the diagnosis and treatment plan uniformly formulated by the state.

In the event of a major infectious disease epidemic that constitutes a particularly serious public health emergency, the health administrative department of the State Council (国务院卫生健康主管部门) shall, based on the needs of infectious disease prevention, control, and medical treatment, propose recommendations for emergency use of drugs, and after being organized and approved by the drug regulatory department of the State Council (国务院药品监督管理部门), the drugs can be used urgently within a certain scope and time limit.

Article 80 The state establishes a psychological assistance system for major infectious disease epidemics. The local people's governments at or above the county level shall organize professional forces to conduct regular training and drills; in the event of a major infectious disease epidemic, they shall provide timely psychological counseling and psychological intervention services to key groups such as infectious disease patients, people receiving medical observation, family members of the deceased, relevant staff, and the general public.

Chapter VI Guarantee Measures

Article 81 The state incorporates the prevention and control of infectious diseases into the national economic and social development plan, and the local people's governments at or above the county level incorporate the prevention and control of infectious diseases into the national economic and social development plan of their respective administrative regions.

Article 82 The local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the responsibilities of the government at the same level, be responsible for the funds for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in their respective administrative regions.

The health administrative department of the State Council (国务院卫生健康主管部门) and the disease prevention and control department shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council, determine the national infectious disease prevention, monitoring, prediction, early warning, control, treatment, supervision, and inspection projects according to the epidemic trend of infectious diseases. The financial departments at all levels shall ensure the funding in accordance with the division of responsibilities.

The people's governments of provinces shall, based on the epidemic trend of infectious diseases in their respective administrative regions and on the basis of the projects determined by the health administrative department of the State Council (国务院卫生健康主管部门) and the disease prevention and control department, determine the infectious disease prevention, monitoring, testing, risk assessment, prediction, early warning, control, treatment, supervision, and inspection projects, and ensure the implementation funds for the projects.

Article 83 The people's governments at or above the county level shall implement the relevant funds for the basic construction, equipment purchase, discipline construction, and personnel training of disease prevention and control institutions in accordance with the regulations; and ensure the funds required for other medical and health institutions to undertake disease prevention and control tasks in accordance with the regulations.

Article 84 The state strengthens the construction of the grassroots infectious disease prevention and control system and supports the prevention and control of infectious diseases in underdeveloped areas, ethnic areas, and border areas.

The local people's governments at all levels shall ensure the necessary funds for grassroots infectious disease prevention and control work.

Article 85 The state strengthens the capacity building of medical institutions for disease prevention and control, and continuously improves the capacity and level of infectious disease specialist hospitals and general hospitals in infectious disease monitoring, testing, diagnosis and treatment, and scientific research.

The state innovates the mechanism of medical prevention collaboration and medical prevention integration, and promotes in-depth cooperation between medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions.

Article 86 The state strengthens the construction of a talent team for infectious disease prevention and control, and promotes the construction of disciplines related to infectious disease prevention and control.

Colleges and universities that offer medical majors shall strengthen preventive medicine education and scientific research, conduct preventive medicine education and training for medical students in school and other personnel related to infectious disease prevention and control, and provide professional technical support for infectious disease prevention and control work.

Disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, etc. shall regularly train their staff in infectious disease prevention and control knowledge and skills.

Article 87 The people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the informationization construction of disease prevention and control and incorporate it into the construction of national health informationization.

The people's governments at or above the county level shall establish an information sharing mechanism for infectious disease prevention and control, and use the national health information platform, the government affairs data sharing platform, the emergency management information system, etc. to share and comprehensively apply relevant data.

The state strengthens the network security and data security management of infectious disease prevention and control, and improves the level of technical prevention.

Article 88 Basic medical insurance shall pay for infectious disease medical expenses that meet national regulations in accordance with regulations.

For medical expenses of patients and suspected patients who are treated for Class A infectious diseases and infectious diseases for which Class A infectious disease prevention and control measures are taken in accordance with the provisions of this Law, after basic medical insurance, critical illness insurance, and medical assistance are paid in accordance with regulations, the government shall provide subsidies for the portion borne by individuals in accordance with regulations.

The state implements medical assistance for people in difficulty suffering from specific infectious diseases, and reduces or exempts medical expenses.

The state encourages commercial insurance institutions to develop insurance products related to infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 89 The state establishes and improves a public health emergency material security system, improves the emergency material security level for infectious disease prevention and control, and the development and reform departments of the people's governments at or above the county level coordinate the emergency material security work for prevention and control.

The state strengthens pharmaceutical reserves, and incorporates materials such as drugs, medical devices, and sanitary protective equipment related to infectious disease prevention and control into the public health emergency material security system, and implements central and local two-level reserves.

The industrial and information technology department of the State Council (国务院工业和信息化部门), in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council, strengthens the physical reserve, production capacity reserve, and technology reserve of medicines in accordance with the needs of infectious disease prevention, control, and public health emergency preparedness, guides local governments to carry out pharmaceutical reserve work, and improves the reserve adjustment, allocation, and rotation mechanism.

Article 90 The state establishes a reserve mechanism for the prevention and control capabilities of rare and uncommon infectious diseases and infectious diseases that have been eliminated in China, supports relevant disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and scientific research institutions to continuously carry out relevant training, basic and applied research, and on-site prevention and control work, supports relevant experts to participate in international prevention and control work, and continues to maintain the ability to identify, test, diagnose, and treat the above-mentioned infectious diseases.

Article 91 Effective sanitary protection measures and medical and health care measures shall be taken for personnel engaged in infectious disease prevention, medical treatment, scientific research, teaching, and on-site handling of epidemics, as well as other personnel who come into contact with infectious disease pathogens in production and work, in accordance with national regulations, and appropriate allowances shall be given.

Chapter VII Supervision and Management

Article 92 The people's governments at or above the county level shall regularly study and deploy disease prevention and control work such as major infectious disease epidemic prevention and control, regularly release reports on infectious disease prevention and control to the public, report infectious disease prevention and control work to the standing committees of the people's congresses at the same level, and accept supervision in accordance with the law.

The people's governments at or above the county level shall supervise the performance of the duties of the people's governments at the lower level in preventing and controlling infectious diseases. If the local people's government fails to perform its duties in preventing and controlling infectious diseases, the people's government at the higher level may interview its main person in charge. The local people's government that is interviewed shall immediately take measures to rectify the situation, and the interview and rectification situation shall be included in the work evaluation and assessment records of the local people's government. Those who fail to perform their duties in preventing and controlling infectious diseases, neglect their duties, cause serious consequences or adverse effects shall be held accountable in accordance with the law.

Article 93 The disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall perform the following supervisory and inspection duties for infectious disease prevention and control work:

(1) To supervise and inspect the performance of the duties prescribed by this Law by the disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the lower level;

(2) To supervise and inspect the infectious disease prevention and control work of disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and blood collection and supply institutions;

(3) To supervise and inspect disinfection products used for infectious disease prevention and control and their production enterprises, drinking water supply units, and products involving drinking water hygiene and safety;

(4) To supervise and inspect the sanitary conditions and infectious disease prevention and control measures of public places, schools, and childcare institutions.

The health and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their respective duties, supervise and inspect the collection, preservation, provision, carrying, transportation, and use of pathogenic microorganism strains (viruses) and infectious disease detection samples.

Article 94 When performing supervisory and inspection duties, the health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall have the right to enter the site where an infectious disease epidemic occurs and related units to carry out investigation and evidence collection work such as consulting or copying relevant materials, collecting samples, and making on-site written records. The inspected units shall cooperate and shall not refuse or obstruct.

Article 95 When performing supervisory and inspection duties, the disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall, if they find that public drinking water sources, food, and related articles that may be contaminated by infectious disease pathogens may lead to the spread, outbreak, and epidemic of infectious diseases if control measures are not taken in a timely manner, take temporary control measures such as closing public drinking water sources, sealing up food and related articles, or suspending sales, and conduct testing or disinfection treatment. After testing, the contaminated food shall be destroyed; the control measures shall be lifted in a timely manner for food that has not been contaminated or articles that can be used after disinfection treatment.

According to the infectious disease prevention and control measures taken by the people's governments at or above the county level, the market supervision and management departments may take measures such as sealing up or suspending the sale of food and related articles that may lead to the spread, outbreak, and epidemic of infectious diseases.

Article 96 When the staff of the health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level perform their duties in accordance with the law, there shall be no less than two persons, and they shall present their law enforcement certificates and fill in law enforcement documents.

After the law enforcement documents are checked and found to be correct, they shall be signed by the law enforcement officers and the parties concerned. If the parties concerned refuse to sign, the law enforcement officers shall indicate the situation.

Article 97 The health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall establish and improve internal supervision systems in accordance with the law, and supervise the performance of duties by their staff in accordance with statutory powers and procedures.

If the health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the higher level find that the health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the lower level fail to handle matters within the scope of their duties in a timely manner or fail to perform their duties, they shall order them to correct or directly handle them.

Article 98 The health administrative departments, disease prevention and control departments, and other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall perform their duties in accordance with the law and consciously accept social supervision.

Any unit or individual shall have the right to report acts that violate the provisions of this Law to the people's governments at or above the county level and their health administrative departments, disease prevention and control departments, and relevant organs. The organs receiving the reports shall investigate and handle them in a timely manner. For reports that are verified to be true, the whistleblowers shall be rewarded in accordance with the regulations. The people's governments at or above the county level and their health administrative departments, disease prevention and control departments, and relevant organs shall keep the information of the whistleblowers confidential and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the whistleblowers.

Article 99 If the health, disease prevention and control, and other departments find suspected crimes related to infectious disease prevention and control, they shall transfer the cases to the public security organs in a timely manner in accordance with relevant regulations. The public security organs shall promptly review and handle the transferred cases.

For cases that do not need to be investigated for criminal responsibility or are exempt from criminal punishment in accordance with the law, but should be investigated for administrative responsibility in accordance with the law, the public security organs, the people's procuratorates, and the people's courts shall transfer the cases to the health, disease prevention and control, and other departments in a timely manner, and the relevant departments shall handle them in accordance with the law.

If the public security organs, the people's procuratorates, and the people's courts request the health, disease prevention and control, and other departments to provide assistance such as inspection and testing conclusions, identification opinions, and harmless disposal of the items involved in the case, the relevant departments shall provide assistance in a timely manner.

Chapter VIII Legal Liability

Article 100 If the local people's governments at all levels violate the provisions of this Law by failing to perform their reporting duties in accordance with the law, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or omitting reporting infectious disease epidemics, interfering with infectious disease epidemic reporting, or failing to organize treatment or take control measures in accordance with the law during the outbreak or epidemic of infectious diseases, the people's governments at the higher level shall order them to make corrections and circulate a notice of criticism; if the circumstances are serious, the leading personnel and directly responsible personnel who are responsible shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.

Article 101 If the health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level violate the provisions of this Law and have any of the following circumstances, the people's governments at the same level or the health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the higher level shall order them to make corrections and circulate a notice of criticism; if the circumstances are serious, the leading personnel and directly responsible personnel who are responsible shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law:

(1) Failing to perform the duties of reporting or announcing infectious disease epidemics in accordance with the law, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or omitting reporting infectious disease epidemics, or interfering with infectious disease epidemic reporting;

(2) Failing to take prevention and control measures in accordance with the law when an infectious disease is occurring or may occur;

(3) Failing to perform supervisory and inspection duties in accordance with the law, or failing to investigate and deal with illegal acts in a timely manner;

(4) Failing to investigate and handle reports on the failure of the health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the lower level to perform their duties in preventing and controlling infectious diseases in a timely manner;

(5) Other acts of dereliction of duty or malfeasance in violation of the provisions of this Law.

Article 102 If the relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level violate the provisions of this Law by failing to perform their duties in preventing and controlling infectious diseases, reporting epidemics, and guaranteeing duties in accordance with the law, the people's governments at the same level or the relevant departments of the people's governments at the higher level shall order them to make corrections and circulate a notice of criticism; if the circumstances are serious, the leading personnel and directly responsible personnel who are responsible shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.

Article 103 If a disease prevention and control institution violates the provisions of this Law and has any of the following circumstances, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections, give a warning or circulate a notice of criticism, give sanctions to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible persons in accordance with the law, and may revoke the practice certificate of the relevant responsible persons in accordance with the law by the original issuing department:

(1) Failing to perform the duties of infectious disease monitoring and epidemic risk assessment in accordance with the law;

(2) Failing to perform the duties of infectious disease epidemic reporting in accordance with the law, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or omitting reporting infectious disease epidemics, or interfering with infectious disease epidemic reporting;

(3) Failing to actively collect infectious disease epidemic information, or failing to analyze, investigate, and verify infectious disease epidemic information and epidemic reports in a timely manner;

(4) Failing to take the measures prescribed by this Law in a timely manner in accordance with their duties when an infectious disease epidemic is discovered or an infectious disease epidemic report is received;

(5) Failing to comply with relevant national regulations, resulting in the occurrence of blood-borne diseases caused by the use of blood products.

Article 104 If a medical institution violates the provisions of this Law and has any of the following circumstances, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections, give a warning or circulate a notice of criticism, and may also impose a fine of not more than 100,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department or the original filing department may revoke the medical institution's practice license or order it to suspend practice activities in accordance with the law, give sanctions to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible persons in accordance with the law, and may also order the relevant responsible persons to suspend practice activities for six months or more but not more than one year until the practice certificate is revoked in accordance with the law by the original issuing department:

(1) Failing to undertake the infectious disease prevention and control work of the institution, the infectious disease control tasks of the medical institution, or the infectious disease prevention work in the responsible area in accordance with the regulations;
(II) Failing to report an epidemic situation of infectious diseases as required, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or omitting to report an epidemic situation of infectious diseases, or interfering with the reporting of an epidemic situation of infectious diseases;

(III) Failing to disinfect or harmlessly dispose of places and articles contaminated by infectious disease pathogens within the institution, as well as medical waste and medical sewage, in accordance with regulations.

If a medical institution violates the provisions of this Law in any of the following circumstances, the health authority of the people's government at or above the county level shall impose administrative penalties in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, and shall give disciplinary sanctions to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law:

(I) When an epidemic situation of infectious diseases is discovered, failing to provide medical care, on-site rescue, diagnosis and treatment, or referral to patients with infectious diseases or suspected patients as required, or refusing to accept referral;

(II) Failing to comply with relevant national regulations, resulting in the occurrence of blood-borne diseases caused by the input of blood or the use of blood products.

If a medical institution fails to disinfect or sterilize medical devices used as required, or fails to destroy medical devices that are used once as required after use and reuses them, legal liability shall be investigated in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on the administration of medical devices.

Article 105 If a blood collection and supply institution violates the provisions of this Law by failing to report an epidemic situation of infectious diseases as required, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or omitting to report an epidemic situation of infectious diseases, or interfering with the reporting of an epidemic situation of infectious diseases, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections and give a warning or a circular of criticism, and may also impose a fine of not more than 100,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department may revoke the blood collection and supply institution's practice license in accordance with the law, give disciplinary sanctions to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law, and may order the relevant responsible personnel to suspend practice activities for not less than six months but not more than one year or even revoke their practice certificates in accordance with the law.

If a blood collection and supply institution fails to implement relevant national regulations, resulting in the occurrence of blood-borne diseases caused by the input of blood, the health authority of the people's government at or above the county level shall impose administrative penalties in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, and shall give disciplinary sanctions to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law.

Anyone who illegally collects blood or organizes others to sell blood shall be ordered by the health authority of the people's government at or above the county level to stop the illegal act, confiscate the illegal income, and impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan.

Article 106 If a transportation, postal, or express delivery operator violates the provisions of this Law by failing to give priority to transporting personnel participating in the prevention and control of infectious diseases and medicines, medical devices, and other emergency supplies needed for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, the transportation, railway, civil aviation, or postal administration department shall, in accordance with its duties, order it to make corrections and give a warning; if serious consequences are caused, a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall also be imposed, and disciplinary sanctions shall be given to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law.

Article 107 If any of the following circumstances occurs in violation of the provisions of this Law, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections, give a warning, confiscate the illegal income, and may also impose a fine of not more than 200,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department may revoke the relevant license in accordance with the law, and the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel may be prohibited from engaging in corresponding production and business activities within five years:

(I) A drinking water supply unit supplies water without obtaining a health permit, or the drinking water supplied does not meet national health standards and health specifications, causing or possibly causing the spread, outbreak, or epidemic of infectious diseases;

(II) Producing or selling products involving drinking water hygiene and safety without obtaining a health permit, or producing or selling products involving drinking water hygiene and safety that do not meet national health standards and health specifications;

(III) Producing disinfectant products for the prevention and control of infectious diseases without obtaining a health permit, or producing or selling disinfectant products for the prevention and control of infectious diseases that do not meet national health standards and health specifications;

(IV) Producing or selling disinfectants and disinfection devices produced using new materials, new process technologies, and new sterilization principles without obtaining a health permit;

(V) Selling or transporting articles contaminated or possibly contaminated by infectious disease pathogens in the affected areas specified in Article 66 of this Law without disinfection treatment.

Article 108 If any of the following circumstances occurs in violation of the provisions of this Law, the health, disease prevention and control, and other relevant departments of the people's government at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their duties, order it to make corrections, give a warning or a circular of criticism, confiscate the illegal income, and may also impose a fine of not more than 100,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department may revoke the relevant license in accordance with the law, give disciplinary sanctions to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law, and may order the relevant responsible personnel to suspend practice activities for not less than six months but not more than one year or even revoke their practice certificates in accordance with the law:

(I) The laboratories of disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions and units engaged in pathogenic microorganism experiments do not meet the conditions and technical standards prescribed by the state, and fail to strictly manage infectious disease pathogens and samples in accordance with the prescribed measures;

(II) Collecting, preserving, providing, carrying, transporting, or using pathogenic microorganism strains (viruses) and infectious disease testing samples in violation of relevant national regulations;

(III) Medical institutions, disease prevention and control institutions, and inspection and testing institutions fail to carry out inspection and testing activities in accordance with the technical specifications and standards for infectious disease inspection and testing, or issue false inspection and testing reports;

(IV) Producing or selling disinfectants, disinfection devices, and antibacterial (inhibitory) agents that should be filed but have not been filed;

(V) The sanitary conditions and infectious disease prevention and control measures of public places, schools, and childcare institutions do not meet national health standards and health specifications.

Article 109 If, in violation of the provisions of this Law, large-scale construction projects such as water conservancy, transportation, tourism, and energy are built in natural foci of infection confirmed by the state without conducting a sanitary survey for construction, or necessary infectious disease prevention and control measures are not taken in accordance with the opinions of disease prevention and control institutions, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections within a time limit, give a warning, and impose a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan; if it fails to make corrections within the time limit, a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed, and the relevant people's government shall be requested to order the suspension of construction or demolition in accordance with its duties and powers, and disciplinary sanctions shall be given to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law.

Article 110 If, in violation of the provisions of this Law, the health authority, disease prevention and control department, or other relevant department of the people's government at or above the county level fails to perform its personal information protection obligations in accordance with the law, the people's government at the same level or the relevant department of the people's government at the higher level shall order it to make corrections and circulate a criticism; if the circumstances are serious, disciplinary sanctions shall be given to the responsible leaders and directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law.

If a medical institution or disease prevention and control institution discloses the personal privacy or personal information of a patient with an infectious disease, a pathogen carrier, a suspected patient, or a close contact of the above-mentioned personnel, the health authority or disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall, in accordance with its duties, order it to make corrections, give a warning or a circular of criticism, and may also impose a fine of not more than 50,000 yuan, give disciplinary sanctions to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law, and pursue legal liability of the relevant responsible personnel in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on the management of physicians and nurses.

Anyone who fails to perform personal information protection obligations in the prevention and control of infectious diseases shall be investigated for legal liability in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on personal information protection.

Article 111 If any of the following circumstances occurs in violation of the provisions of this Law, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections, give a warning, and may also impose a fine of not more than 20,000 yuan on the violating unit and a fine of not more than 1,000 yuan on the violating individual; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department shall revoke the relevant license or business license in accordance with the law:

(I) Refusing to implement the infectious disease prevention and control measures taken by the people's government and its relevant departments in accordance with the law;

(II) Refusing to accept and cooperate with the infectious disease prevention and control measures taken by the disease prevention and control institution in accordance with the law;

(III) Refusing to accept and cooperate with the epidemiological investigation carried out by the disease prevention and control institution, or deliberately concealing the condition of the infectious disease, the history of contact with the infectious disease, or the history of travel to the outbreak or epidemic area of the infectious disease in the epidemiological investigation;

(IV) Patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, or close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel refuse to accept and cooperate with the isolation treatment and medical observation measures taken in accordance with the law, or leave without authorization before the expiration of the isolation treatment and medical observation period;

(V) Deliberately spreading infectious diseases;

(VI) Deliberately fabricating and disseminating false information about the epidemic situation of infectious diseases;

(VII) Other acts that hinder the infectious disease prevention and control measures taken in accordance with the law.

Anyone who arranges patients with infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, or suspected patients to engage in work that is prohibited by laws, administrative regulations, and the disease prevention and control department of the State Council (国务院) and is likely to spread the infectious disease shall be ordered by the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level to make corrections, give a warning, and may also impose a fine of not more than 20,000 yuan; if laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise, follow their provisions.

Article 112 Anyone who violates the provisions of this Law and causes personal or property damage shall bear civil liability in accordance with the law; if it constitutes a violation of public security administration, public security administrative punishment shall be given in accordance with the law; if it constitutes a crime, criminal liability shall be investigated in accordance with the law.

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Article 113 The meanings of the following terms in this Law:

(I) A major epidemic situation of infectious diseases refers to an epidemic situation of infectious diseases that causes or may cause serious damage to public life safety and physical health.

(II) Patients with infectious diseases and suspected patients refer to people who meet the diagnostic criteria for patients with infectious diseases and suspected patients according to the diagnostic standards for infectious diseases issued by the health authority and disease prevention and control department of the State Council (国务院).

(III) A pathogen carrier refers to a person who is infected with an infectious disease pathogen without clinical symptoms but can excrete the pathogen.

(IV) Epidemiological investigation refers to the investigation and research on the distribution of diseases or health conditions in the population and their determinants, and proposes disease prevention, control measures, and health care countermeasures.

(V) Zoonotic infectious diseases refer to infectious diseases that humans and vertebrates suffer from together, such as plague, rabies, schistosomiasis, and echinococcosis.

(VI) Natural foci of infection refer to areas where pathogens that can cause human infectious diseases exist and circulate in wild animals in nature for a long time.

(VII) Vector organisms refer to organisms that can transmit infectious disease pathogens from humans or other animals to humans, such as rats, mosquitoes, flies, and fleas.

(VIII) Medical institution infection refers to an infection acquired in a medical institution, including an infection that occurs in a medical institution and an infection that is acquired in a medical institution and occurs after leaving the medical institution, but does not include an infection that has started or is in the incubation period before entering the medical institution. An infection acquired by medical institution staff in a medical institution is also a medical institution infection.

(IX) Laboratory infection refers to an infection caused by contact with infectious disease pathogens while engaged in laboratory work.

(X) Disinfection refers to the use of chemical, physical, or biological methods to kill or eliminate pathogenic microorganisms in the environment.

(XI) Disease prevention and control institutions refer to disease prevention and control centers engaged in disease prevention and control activities, as well as railway disease prevention and control institutions and other units with the same business activities as the above-mentioned institutions.

(XII) Medical institutions refer to institutions that have obtained a medical institution practice license or have been filed in accordance with the law and are engaged in disease diagnosis and treatment activities.

(XIII) An outbreak refers to the sudden appearance of many patients with the same symptoms in a short period of time in a local area or collective unit. These patients often have the same source of infection or route of transmission, and most patients often appear simultaneously between the shortest and longest incubation periods of the disease.

(XIV) An epidemic refers to the incidence rate of a disease in a certain area that significantly exceeds the historical incidence rate level of the disease.

Article 114 The response to public health emergencies related to the prevention and control of infectious diseases, which is not stipulated in this Law, shall be governed by the laws and administrative regulations on the response to public health emergencies.

Article 115 This Law shall come into force on September 1, 2025.

(Xinhua News Agency (新华社) dispatch)

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Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases

Ordinance of the President of the People's Republic of China

No. 47

The "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases" was revised and adopted at the 15th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on April 30, 2025, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force on September 1, 2025.

President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping (习近平)

April 30, 2025

Contents

Chapter I General Provisions

Chapter II Prevention

Chapter III Monitoring, Reporting, and Early Warning

Chapter IV Epidemic Control

Chapter V Medical Treatment

Chapter VI Safeguard Measures

Chapter VII Supervision and Management

Chapter VIII Legal Liability

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution to prevent, control, and eliminate the occurrence and spread of infectious diseases, to safeguard public life safety and health, to prevent and resolve public health risks, and to maintain national security and social stability.

Article 2 The work of infectious disease prevention and control shall adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, adhere to the principle of putting the people and their lives first, adhere to the policy of prevention first and combining prevention and control, and adhere to the principles of law-based prevention and control and scientific prevention and control.

Article 3 The infectious diseases referred to in this Law are divided into Class A infectious diseases, Class B infectious diseases, Class C infectious diseases, and other infectious diseases such as sudden infectious diseases of unknown cause.

Class A infectious diseases refer to infectious diseases that pose a particularly serious threat to human health and life safety, may cause significant economic losses and social impact, and require particularly strict management and control of epidemic spread, including plague and cholera.

Class B infectious diseases refer to infectious diseases that pose a serious threat to human health and life safety, may cause significant economic losses and social impact, and require strict management to reduce morbidity and harm, including novel coronavirus infection, severe acute respiratory syndrome, AIDS, viral hepatitis, poliomyelitis, human infection with novel influenza A subtypes, measles, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, rabies, epidemic encephalitis B, dengue fever, monkeypox, anthrax, bacillary and amoebic dysentery, pulmonary tuberculosis, typhoid and paratyphoid fever, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, pertussis, diphtheria, neonatal tetanus, scarlet fever, brucellosis, gonorrhea, syphilis, leptospirosis, schistosomiasis, and malaria.

Class C infectious diseases refer to common and frequently occurring infectious diseases that pose a threat to human health and life safety, may cause a certain degree of economic losses and social impact, and require attention to epidemic trends and control of outbreaks and epidemics, including influenza, mumps, rubella, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, leprosy, epidemic and endemic typhus, kala-azar, echinococcosis, filariasis, hand-foot-mouth disease, and infectious diarrhea other than cholera, bacillary and amoebic dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid fever.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly propose suggestions for adjusting the catalog of various types of infectious diseases based on the outbreak, epidemic situation, and degree of harm of infectious diseases. Adjustments to the catalog of Class A infectious diseases shall be submitted by the health and health authority of the State Council to the State Council for approval and promulgation; adjustments to the catalog of Class B and Class C infectious diseases shall be approved and promulgated by the health and health authority of the State Council.

Article 4 If a sudden infectious disease of unknown cause requires the adoption of prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases as stipulated in this Law, the disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly propose suggestions, which shall be submitted by the health and health authority of the State Council to the State Council for approval and promulgation.

Prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases as stipulated in this Law shall be taken for severe acute respiratory syndrome and pulmonary anthrax in anthrax, which are Class B infectious diseases. If other Class B infectious diseases require the adoption of prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases as stipulated in this Law, they shall be approved and promulgated in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the preceding paragraph.

If it is necessary to lift the prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases taken in accordance with the provisions of this Article, the disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly propose suggestions, which shall be submitted by the health and health authority of the State Council to the State Council for approval and promulgation.

Infectious diseases for which prevention and control measures for Class A infectious diseases are taken in accordance with the provisions of this Law shall be subject to the provisions of this Law concerning Class A infectious diseases.

Article 5 The people's governments of provinces may decide to manage other common and frequently occurring infectious diseases in their administrative regions as Class B or Class C infectious diseases based on the circumstances and promulgate them, and report them to the disease prevention and control department of the State Council for record.

Article 6 The state shall establish and improve the infectious disease prevention and control system and mechanism, clarify the responsibilities of localities, departments, units, and individuals, and implement joint prevention and control and mass prevention and control.

Article 7 People's governments at all levels shall strengthen leadership over infectious disease prevention and control work.

People's governments at or above the county level shall establish and improve the disease prevention and control, medical treatment, emergency response, material support, and supervision and management systems for infectious disease prevention and control, and strengthen the capacity building for infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 8 The health and health authority of the State Council shall take the lead in organizing and coordinating the national infectious disease epidemic response work and shall be responsible for organizing and guiding the national infectious disease medical treatment work. The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall be responsible for organizing and guiding the national infectious disease prevention and control work and shall be responsible for the national infectious disease epidemic response-related work. Other relevant departments of the State Council shall be responsible for relevant work on infectious disease prevention and control within their respective responsibilities.

The health and health authorities of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall take the lead in organizing and coordinating the infectious disease epidemic response work in their administrative regions and shall be responsible for organizing and guiding the medical treatment of infectious diseases in their administrative regions. The disease prevention and control departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for organizing and guiding the prevention and control of infectious diseases in their administrative regions and shall be responsible for the infectious disease epidemic response-related work in their administrative regions. Other relevant departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for relevant work on infectious disease prevention and control within their respective responsibilities.

The infectious disease prevention and control work of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (中国人民解放军) and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force (中国人民武装警察部队) shall be handled in accordance with this Law and the relevant regulations of the Central Military Commission, and the department responsible for health work of the Central Military Commission shall implement supervision and management.

Article 9 The joint prevention and control mechanism for major infectious disease epidemics of the State Council and local people's governments at or above the county level shall conduct epidemic consultation and judgment, organize and coordinate, and supervise and promote epidemic prevention and control work.

In the event of a major infectious disease epidemic that constitutes a sudden public health event, the State Council and local people's governments at or above the county level shall establish an emergency command organization and activate an emergency response in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on emergency response to sudden public health events.

Article 10 The state shall establish and improve a disease prevention and control network that is integrated in urban and rural areas, linked up and down, and fully functional.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall lead the professional work of disease prevention and control institutions at all levels and establish a division of labor and cooperation mechanism linked up and down.

The national and provincial disease prevention and control institutions shall establish expert committees on disease prevention and control to provide professional technical support such as consultation, evaluation, and argumentation for infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 11 The state shall adhere to the equal importance of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, strengthen the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and give full play to the role of traditional Chinese medicine in infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 12 The state shall support and encourage scientific research on infectious disease prevention and control, organize research on infectious disease prevention and control and public health, as well as multidisciplinary joint research, and improve the scientific and technological level of infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 13 The state shall support and encourage the use of modern information technology in infectious disease prevention and control.

Personal information processing activities such as personal information collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and deletion carried out in infectious disease prevention and control shall comply with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations such as the "Civil Code of the People's Republic of China" and the "Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", take measures to ensure the security of personal information, protect personal privacy, and shall not excessively collect personal information; relevant information shall not be used for purposes other than infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 14 All units and individuals within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall support infectious disease prevention and control work, accept and cooperate with investigations, sample collection, inspection and testing, isolation treatment, medical observation, and other measures taken in accordance with the law to prevent, control, and eliminate the harm of infectious diseases, and take necessary protective measures in accordance with the needs of infectious disease prevention and control.

The state shall support and encourage units and individuals to participate in infectious disease prevention and control work. People's governments at all levels shall improve relevant systems, provide convenient measures, and guide units and individuals to participate in activities such as publicity and education, epidemic reporting, volunteer services, and donations for infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 15 Disease prevention and control departments, sub-district offices, and township people's governments shall carry out mass prevention and control work and guide residents' committees and villagers' committees to assist in doing a good job in infectious disease prevention and control in urban and rural communities.

Residents' committees and villagers' committees shall assist people's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments, sub-district offices, and township people's governments in doing a good job in publicity and education, health tips, and epidemic prevention and control in urban and rural communities, and organize urban and rural residents to participate in infectious disease prevention and control activities in urban and rural communities.

People's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments, sub-district offices, and township people's governments shall provide necessary support and guarantees for residents' committees and villagers' committees to carry out infectious disease prevention and control work.

Article 16 The state and society shall care for and help infectious disease patients, pathogen carriers, and suspected patients, so that they can receive timely treatment.

No unit or individual shall discriminate against infectious disease patients, pathogen carriers, and suspected patients, and shall not disclose personal privacy or personal information.

Article 17 The adoption of infectious disease prevention and control measures shall be in accordance with statutory authority and procedures, and shall be commensurate with the degree and scope of the outbreak, epidemic, and possible harm of infectious diseases; if there are multiple measures to choose from, measures that are conducive to maximizing the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of units and individuals and have less impact on the rights and interests of others and production and life shall be selected, and timely adjustments shall be made according to changes in the situation.

If units and individuals believe that relevant administrative actions or infectious disease prevention and control measures implemented by relevant local people's governments, health and health authorities, disease prevention and control departments, and other relevant departments, as well as disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, etc., infringe upon their legitimate rights and interests, they may apply for administrative reconsideration or file a lawsuit in accordance with the law.

Article 18 The state shall carry out health education on infectious disease prevention and control, strengthen publicity on the rule of law on infectious disease prevention and control, and improve public health literacy and awareness of the rule of law on infectious disease prevention and control.

Schools and childcare institutions shall conduct education on health knowledge and infectious disease prevention and control knowledge for students and children in combination with their age characteristics.

News media shall carry out public service publicity on infectious disease prevention and control and public health knowledge.

Individuals shall learn infectious disease prevention and control knowledge, develop good hygiene habits, and cultivate healthy lifestyles.

Article 19 The state shall support and encourage international exchanges and cooperation on infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 20 Units and individuals who have made significant achievements and contributions in infectious disease prevention and control work shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with relevant state regulations.

Personnel who become ill, disabled, or die as a result of participating in infectious disease prevention and control work shall be given subsidies, pensions, and preferential treatment in accordance with relevant regulations.

Chapter II Prevention

Article 21 People's governments at all levels shall organize and carry out patriotic health campaigns, improve public health facilities, improve the state of the human living environment, strengthen social health management, and improve the health level of the whole people.

Article 22 Local people's governments at all levels shall plan to build and renovate urban and rural public health facilities, improve drinking water hygiene conditions, and harmlessly dispose of sewage, waste, and feces. Cities shall build public toilets, harmless disposal sites for garbage and feces, and drainage and sewage treatment systems and other public health facilities in accordance with national and local standards. Rural areas shall gradually renovate toilets and establish necessary hygiene management systems.

Local people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the construction of medical waste collection and disposal capacity. The people's governments of cities divided into districts shall determine collaborative emergency disposal facilities for medical waste to improve the emergency disposal capacity for medical waste in major infectious disease epidemics.

Article 23 The agriculture and rural affairs, water conservancy, forestry and grassland, and other departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their responsibilities, guide and organize the control and elimination of rodent hazards and schistosomiasis hazards in farmland, lake areas, rivers, pastures, forest areas, and grassland areas, as well as the hazards of other animals and vector organisms that transmit infectious diseases.

The transportation, railway, civil aviation, and other departments shall, in accordance with their responsibilities, guide and supervise transportation operators and the operating units of relevant places such as stations, ports, and airports to eliminate the hazards of rodents and vector organisms such as mosquitoes and flies.

Article 24 The state shall implement an immunization program. The government shall provide immunization program vaccines to residents free of charge.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall formulate the national immunization program. When implementing the national immunization program, the people's governments of provinces may increase the types of immunization program vaccines in accordance with the needs of disease prevention and control in their administrative regions, strengthen vaccination in key areas and key populations, report to the disease prevention and control department of the State Council for record, and promulgate them.

The state shall implement a vaccination certificate system for children. Medical institutions, disease prevention and control institutions, and the guardians, schools, and childcare institutions of children shall cooperate with each other to ensure that children are vaccinated with immunization program vaccines in a timely manner.

In the event of particularly serious sudden public health events or other emergency events that seriously threaten public health, vaccines may be used urgently within a certain scope and time limit in accordance with the provisions of the "Vaccine Administration Law of the People's Republic of China".

Article 25 Disease prevention and control institutions at all levels shall perform the following duties in infectious disease prevention and control:

(1) Implement infectious disease prevention and control plans, formulate technical plans for infectious disease prevention and control, and organize their implementation;

(2) Organize and carry out infectious disease monitoring, collect, analyze, and report infectious disease monitoring information, and predict the occurrence and epidemic trends of infectious diseases;

(3) Carry out epidemiological investigations, risk assessments, on-site handling, and effect evaluations of infectious disease epidemics and sudden public health events;

(4) Carry out infectious disease laboratory testing, diagnosis, and etiological identification;

(5) Implement immunization programs and be responsible for the use and management of prophylactic biological products;

(6) Carry out health education and consultation, and popularize infectious disease prevention and control knowledge;

(7) Guide and train lower-level disease prevention and control institutions and their staff to carry out infectious disease prevention and control work;

(8) Guide medical institutions and key places such as schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, aid management institutions, sports venues, supervision sites, stations, ports, and airports to carry out infectious disease prevention and control work;

(9) Carry out basic research, applied research, and health evaluation on infectious disease prevention and control, and provide technical consultation.

National and provincial disease prevention and control institutions shall mainly be responsible for monitoring the occurrence, epidemic, and distribution of infectious diseases, predicting the epidemic trends of key infectious diseases, proposing prevention and control countermeasures, participating in and guiding the investigation and handling of outbreaks of infectious disease epidemics, carrying out etiological identification of infectious diseases, establishing a quality control system for inspection and testing, and carrying out basic research, applied research, health evaluation, and standard and specification formulation.
The municipal and county-level disease prevention and control institutions in districts are primarily responsible for implementing infectious disease prevention and control plans and technical programs, organizing and implementing immunization and disinfection, guiding the control of vector-borne disease hazards, popularizing knowledge about infectious disease prevention and control, and are responsible for monitoring and reporting infectious diseases and public health emergencies in their respective regions. They also conduct epidemiological investigations and common pathogenic microorganism testing, as well as applied research and health evaluations.

Article 26 Secondary and higher-level medical institutions shall have specialized departments and designated personnel to undertake infectious disease prevention, control, and infectious disease epidemic reporting within their institutions, as well as infectious disease prevention work within their areas of responsibility.

Primary healthcare institutions shall have specialized departments or designated personnel responsible for infectious disease prevention and control management. Under the guidance of disease prevention and control institutions, they shall undertake infectious disease prevention and control within their institutions and in their areas of responsibility, including health education on infectious disease prevention and control, vaccination, infectious disease epidemic reporting, health monitoring of infectious disease patients, and guidance on infectious disease prevention and control in urban and rural communities.

Article 27 The basic standards, architectural design, and service processes of medical institutions shall comply with the requirements for preventing healthcare-associated infections, reducing the risk of infectious disease transmission within medical institutions.

Medical institutions shall strictly implement the management systems and operating procedures prescribed by the state, strengthen the monitoring of risk factors related to healthcare-associated infections, safety protection, disinfection, isolation, and the disposal of medical waste and medical sewage, to prevent the spread of infectious diseases within medical institutions.

Medical institutions shall disinfect or sterilize medical devices used in accordance with regulations; medical devices that are designated for single use in accordance with regulations shall be destroyed after use.

Article 28 The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall formulate national emergency plans for the prevention and control of key infectious diseases and infectious diseases of unknown cause, which shall be approved and promulgated by the health and health authority of the State Council.

Local people's governments at or above the county level shall formulate emergency plans for the prevention and control of key infectious diseases and infectious diseases of unknown cause in their respective administrative regions, report them to the people's government at the next higher level for record-keeping, and promulgate them. Local people's governments in adjacent and nearby areas are encouraged to formulate joint emergency plans for the prevention and control of regional infectious diseases.

Emergency plans for infectious disease prevention and control shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law and other relevant laws and regulations, specifically stipulate the organizational command system and responsibilities for infectious disease prevention and control work, infectious disease prevention, monitoring, epidemic reporting and notification, epidemic risk assessment, early warning, emergency work plans, personnel mobilization, and material and technical reserves and deployment, based on the outbreak, prevalence, and degree of harm of infectious diseases.

Article 29 Medical and health institutions and key venues such as schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, aid management institutions, sports venues, detention facilities, stations, ports, and airports shall formulate emergency plans for infectious disease prevention and control within their respective units.

Article 30 Emergency plans for infectious disease prevention and control shall enhance scientific rigor, relevance, and operability, and shall be revised in a timely manner based on actual needs and changes in the situation.

Disease prevention and control departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall regularly organize drills based on relevant emergency plans for infectious disease prevention and control. Medical and health institutions and key venues such as schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, aid management institutions, sports venues, detention facilities, stations, ports, and airports shall conduct drills based on their respective emergency plans for infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 31 Laboratories of disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions, and units engaged in pathogenic microorganism experiments, shall comply with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations concerning biosafety in pathogenic microorganism laboratories, meet the conditions and technical standards prescribed by the state, establish strict management systems, and implement strict management of infectious disease pathogens and samples in accordance with prescribed measures, strictly preventing laboratory infections and the spread of infectious disease pathogens.

Article 32 Blood collection and supply institutions and biological product manufacturing units shall strictly implement relevant state regulations to ensure the quality and safety of blood and blood products.

The illegal collection of blood or organizing others to sell blood is prohibited.

Disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions shall comply with relevant state regulations when using blood and blood products to prevent the occurrence of blood-borne diseases caused by blood transfusions and the use of blood products.

Article 33 People's governments at all levels shall strengthen the prevention and control of AIDS, take preventive and control measures, and prevent the spread of AIDS. Specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

Article 34 The state shall establish and improve a collaborative mechanism for the prevention and control of zoonotic diseases, coordinate planning, and promote prevention and control work in a coordinated manner, and do a good job in health education for key populations, infectious disease monitoring, epidemic investigation and disposal, and information notification.

The agricultural and rural, forestry and grassland, health and health, and disease prevention and control departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the prevention and control management of animal infectious diseases related to zoonotic diseases in accordance with their respective responsibilities, focusing on strengthening the prevention and control of zoonotic diseases such as plague, rabies, human infection with novel influenza A viruses, brucellosis, anthrax, schistosomiasis, and echinococcosis.

Article 35 The state shall establish a germplasm (toxin) bank for pathogenic microorganisms.

Classified management shall be implemented for the collection, preservation, provision, carrying, transportation, and use of pathogenic microorganism germplasm (toxins) and infectious disease testing samples, and strict management systems shall be established and improved. Engaging in related activities shall comply with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations concerning biosafety in pathogenic microorganism laboratories; if approval or filing is required by law, approval shall be obtained or filing shall be carried out.

Article 36 For water, articles, and places contaminated by infectious disease pathogens, relevant units and individuals shall, under the guidance of disease prevention and control institutions or in accordance with the health requirements they propose, carry out scientific and strict disinfection treatment; those who refuse disinfection treatment shall be subject to mandatory disinfection treatment organized by the local disease prevention and control department.

Article 37 When planning to build large-scale construction projects such as water conservancy, transportation, tourism, and energy in natural foci of disease confirmed by the state, a sanitary survey of the construction environment shall be conducted in advance by disease prevention and control institutions at or above the provincial level. The construction unit shall take necessary infectious disease prevention and control measures based on the opinions of the disease prevention and control institution. During the construction period, the construction unit shall designate a person to be responsible for sanitary and epidemic prevention work on the construction site. During the construction period and after the completion of the project, the disease prevention and control institution shall monitor possible infectious diseases.

Article 38 Disinfection products used for infectious disease prevention and control, drinking water supplied by drinking water supply units, and products involving drinking water hygiene and safety shall comply with national health standards and health norms.

Production enterprises of disinfection products used for infectious disease prevention and control shall be approved by the disease prevention and control department of the provincial people's government and obtain a health permit. Disinfectants and disinfection equipment produced using new materials, new process technologies, and new sterilization principles shall be approved by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council and obtain a health permit; other disinfectants, disinfection equipment, and antibacterial (inhibitory) agents shall be filed with the disease prevention and control department of the provincial people's government.

Drinking water supply units shall be approved by the disease prevention and control department of the municipal or county people's government in districts and obtain a health permit. Products involving drinking water hygiene and safety shall be approved by the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the provincial level and obtain a health permit.

Article 39 Infectious disease patients, pathogen carriers, and suspected patients shall truthfully provide relevant information and, before being cured or before being excluded from suspicion of infectious disease, shall not engage in work that is prohibited by laws, administrative regulations, and the disease prevention and control department of the State Council that is likely to spread the infectious disease.

Infectious disease patients, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, and close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel shall take necessary protective measures.

No unit or individual may intentionally spread infectious diseases in any way.

Article 40 Key venues such as schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, aid management institutions, sports venues, detention facilities, stations, ports, and airports shall implement the main responsibility, strengthen the construction of infectious disease prevention and control capabilities, and carry out infectious disease prevention and control work under the guidance of disease prevention and control institutions.

Chapter III Monitoring, Reporting, and Early Warning

Article 41 The state shall strengthen infectious disease monitoring and early warning work and build a multi-point trigger, rapid response, authoritative, and efficient infectious disease monitoring and early warning system.

Article 42 The state shall establish and improve an infectious disease monitoring system.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall, in conjunction with relevant departments of the State Council, formulate national infectious disease monitoring plans and programs. The disease prevention and control departments of the provincial people's governments shall, in conjunction with relevant departments of the people's governments at the same level, formulate infectious disease monitoring plans and work programs for their respective administrative regions based on the national infectious disease monitoring plans and programs, and implement them after reporting to the disease prevention and control department of the State Council for review.

The state shall strengthen infectious disease monitoring, implement direct online reporting of infectious disease epidemics and public health emergencies relying on the infectious disease monitoring system, establish monitoring sentinel sites for key infectious diseases and infectious diseases of unknown cause, expand the scope of infectious disease symptom monitoring, collect information on infectious disease syndromes and unexplained cluster illnesses, establish an infectious disease etiological monitoring network, carry out multi-pathogen monitoring through multiple channels, establish an intelligent multi-point trigger mechanism, enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of monitoring, improve real-time analysis and centralized judgment capabilities, and promptly detect infectious disease epidemics and public health emergencies.

Article 43 Disease prevention and control institutions shall monitor the occurrence and prevalence of infectious diseases and the factors affecting their occurrence and prevalence, and promptly grasp the epidemic intensity, degree of harm, and pathogen variation of key infectious diseases.

Disease prevention and control institutions shall strengthen the monitoring of infectious diseases of unknown cause and improve the ability to quickly detect and identify them in a timely manner; monitor newly emerging infectious diseases, infectious diseases that have been eliminated in the country, and infectious diseases that have occurred abroad but have not yet occurred in the country.

Article 44 The state shall establish a cross-departmental and cross-regional infectious disease monitoring information sharing mechanism, and strengthen joint monitoring and information sharing among health and health, disease prevention and control, ecological environment, agricultural and rural, customs, market supervision and management, immigration management, forestry and grassland, and other departments.

The state shall establish a mutual communication and sharing system for clinical medical and disease prevention and control information, strengthen medical prevention collaboration, promote the interconnection of information systems of medical institutions and other institutions with the infectious disease monitoring system, establish and improve an automatic acquisition mechanism for infectious disease diagnosis, pathogen detection data, etc., standardize information sharing processes, and ensure personal information security.

Article 45 The state shall establish and improve an infectious disease epidemic reporting system.

When disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and blood collection and supply institutions and their personnel performing their duties discover patients, pathogen carriers, or suspected patients with Class A infectious diseases, newly emerging infectious diseases, or infectious diseases of unknown cause, as well as outbreaks and epidemics of other infectious diseases, they shall conduct direct online reporting within two hours; when they discover patients or suspected patients with Class B infectious diseases, or Class B infectious disease pathogen carriers that need to be reported as stipulated by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council, they shall conduct direct online reporting within twenty-four hours; when they discover patients with Class C infectious diseases, they shall conduct direct online reporting within twenty-four hours.

If medical institutions of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (中国人民解放军) and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force (中国人民武装警察部队) provide medical services to the public, they shall report infectious disease epidemics in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

Infectious disease epidemic reporting shall follow the principle of territorial management, and specific measures shall be formulated by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Article 46 Disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and blood collection and supply institutions shall establish and improve an infectious disease epidemic reporting management system, strengthen training, daily management, and quality control of infectious disease epidemic and related information reporting, and regularly analyze, summarize, and report the infectious disease epidemic and related information reported by their institutions, as well as the reporting quality.

Article 47 When key venues such as schools, childcare institutions, elderly care institutions, rehabilitation institutions, welfare institutions, juvenile assistance and protection institutions, aid management institutions, sports venues, detention facilities, stations, ports, and airports discover infectious disease patients or suspected patients, they shall report relevant information to the local disease prevention and control institution in accordance with the regulations of the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Inspection and testing institutions shall report information related to infectious disease prevention and control to the local disease prevention and control institution in accordance with the regulations of the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Article 48 Any unit or individual who discovers infectious disease patients or suspected patients shall promptly report to the nearby disease prevention and control institution, medical institution, or disease prevention and control department.

Disease prevention and control departments shall publicize hotline numbers and other means to facilitate reporting, ensure timely receipt, investigation, and handling of relevant reporting information.

Article 49 Disease prevention and control institutions shall establish or designate specialized departments and personnel to be responsible for infectious disease epidemic information management, and actively collect, analyze, investigate, and verify infectious disease epidemic information.

When disease prevention and control institutions receive reports of Class A infectious diseases, newly emerging infectious diseases, or infectious diseases of unknown cause, or discover outbreaks and epidemics of infectious diseases, they shall complete the verification of infectious disease epidemic information and the reporting to the health and health authority, disease prevention and control department, and the disease prevention and control institution at the same level within two hours. After receiving the report, the disease prevention and control department shall immediately report to the people's government at the same level, and at the same time report to the health and health authority, disease prevention and control department of the people's government at the next higher level, and the health and health authority and disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Article 50 No unit or individual may interfere with infectious disease epidemic reporting.

Relevant departments of the people's government, disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and blood collection and supply institutions and their staff who are responsible for infectious disease epidemic reporting in accordance with the provisions of this Law shall not conceal, falsely report, delay reporting, or fail to report infectious disease epidemics.

Article 51 Units and individuals who promptly discover and report newly emerging infectious diseases or infectious diseases of unknown cause shall be rewarded in accordance with relevant state regulations.

Units and individuals who report an epidemic that is excluded after investigation shall not bear legal responsibility.

Article 52 The state shall establish and improve an infectious disease epidemic risk assessment system.

Disease prevention and control institutions shall promptly analyze information related to infectious diseases and health hazard factors, and assess the risk of infectious disease epidemics, the possible impact, and the development trend of the epidemic.

Article 53 The state shall establish and improve an infectious disease early warning system.

Disease prevention and control institutions shall, based on infectious disease monitoring information and infectious disease epidemic risk assessment results, issue health risk warnings to the public; if they discover a possible public health emergency and assess that an early warning needs to be issued, they shall propose to the disease prevention and control department at the same level to issue an early warning. After receiving the proposal, the disease prevention and control department shall promptly organize experts to analyze and judge, and if an early warning needs to be issued, the health and health authority and disease prevention and control department shall immediately report to the people's government at the same level.

People's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on responding to public health emergencies and the powers and procedures prescribed by the State Council, decide to issue early warnings to the public.
Article 54 The disease prevention and control departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall promptly report information on infectious disease epidemics and related monitoring and early warning to the disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions within their administrative regions. The disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions that receive the notification shall promptly report to the main person in charge of their institution and inform relevant personnel of their institution.

Article 55 The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly report information on national infectious disease epidemics and related monitoring and early warning to the disease prevention and control departments of provincial people's governments and the department responsible for health work of the Central Military Commission. When the department responsible for health work of the Central Military Commission discovers an infectious disease epidemic, it shall report it to the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

The disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments in adjacent or related regions shall promptly notify each other of information on infectious disease epidemics and related monitoring and early warning in their respective administrative regions.

Article 56 The disease prevention and control departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall establish an infectious disease epidemic notification mechanism with the education, public security, civil affairs, judicial administration, ecology and environment, agriculture and rural affairs, market supervision and administration, forestry and grassland, and traditional Chinese medicine departments of the people's government at the same level to share infectious disease epidemic information in a timely manner.

When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, the State Council's health and health, disease prevention and control, foreign affairs, industry and information technology, public security, transportation, railways, civil aviation, customs, immigration management and other departments, as well as the relevant units and departments of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (中国人民解放军) and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force (中国人民武装警察部队), shall establish a working mechanism to share infectious disease epidemic information in a timely manner.

Article 57 The state shall establish and improve the system for releasing information on infectious disease epidemics.

The disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall regularly release information on national infectious disease epidemics to the public. The disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall regularly release information on infectious disease epidemics in their respective administrative regions to the public.

When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, the disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall promptly and accurately release information to the public on the name of the infectious disease, the scope of its epidemic spread, and the number of confirmed cases, suspected cases, and deaths in their respective administrative regions. When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic crosses provincial administrative regions, the disease prevention and control department of the State Council shall promptly and accurately release the above information to the public.

If the disease prevention and control departments of people's governments at or above the county level discover false or incomplete information on infectious disease epidemics, they shall promptly release accurate information to clarify the situation.

Specific measures for releasing information on infectious disease epidemics shall be formulated by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Chapter IV Epidemic Control

Article 58 When medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions discover a Class A infectious disease, they shall immediately take the following measures and report to the disease prevention and control department of the local people's government at or above the county level:

(1) Isolate and treat patients with Class A infectious diseases and pathogen carriers, and conduct medical observation;

(2) Isolate and treat suspected patients with Class A infectious diseases separately before diagnosis;

(3) Conduct medical observation on close contacts of patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, and suspected patients, and take other necessary preventive measures.

Medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions shall scientifically and reasonably determine the specific scope and duration of personnel for isolation treatment and medical observation measures for patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, and close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel in accordance with relevant national regulations and medical examination results, and adjust them in a timely manner according to changes in circumstances. The scope and duration of isolation treatment and medical observation measures shall not exceed the prescribed scope and duration.

Medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions shall inform patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, and close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel in writing of the diagnosis or determination results and the measures that should be taken in accordance with the law.

Patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, and close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel shall actively accept and cooperate with medical examinations, isolation treatment, medical observation and other measures.

Those who refuse isolation treatment, medical observation, or leave without authorization before the expiration of the isolation treatment or medical observation period shall be subject to compulsory isolation treatment and medical observation measures by the public security organs with the assistance of medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions.

Article 59 If medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions receive reports of Class A infectious diseases from other units and individuals, the transfer of relevant patients and suspected patients with Class A infectious diseases shall be implemented in accordance with the regulations of the disease prevention and control department of the State Council.

Article 60 When medical institutions discover patients with Class B or Class C infectious diseases, they shall take necessary treatment and control measures according to the condition of the disease.

Medical institutions designated by the disease prevention and control departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall treat patients with pulmonary tuberculosis; conduct drug resistance tests and standardized isolation treatment for patients with infectious pulmonary tuberculosis, and screen their close contacts. Primary medical and health institutions shall conduct health management for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Specific measures shall be formulated by the disease prevention and control department of the State Council and submitted to the health and health authority of the State Council for review and promulgation.

Article 61 Medical institutions shall disinfect and harmlessly dispose of places and articles contaminated by infectious disease pathogens, as well as medical waste and medical sewage, in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.

Article 62 When disease prevention and control institutions discover an infectious disease epidemic or receive a report of an infectious disease epidemic, they shall promptly take the following measures:

(1) Conduct epidemiological investigations of the infectious disease epidemic, propose prevention and control recommendations for the affected areas based on the investigation, carry out sanitary treatment of contaminated places, determine close contacts, guide the management of close contacts, and propose an infectious disease prevention and control plan to the disease prevention and control department;

(2) When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, carry out sanitary treatment of the affected areas, propose an infectious disease prevention and control plan to the disease prevention and control department, and take measures in accordance with relevant requirements for infectious disease prevention and control;

(3) Guide lower-level disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions to implement infectious disease prevention and control measures, and organize and guide relevant units to handle infectious disease epidemics.

Relevant units and individuals shall accept and cooperate with disease prevention and control institutions in carrying out epidemiological investigations and provide information truthfully. If disease prevention and control institutions need assistance from relevant departments and units in carrying out epidemiological investigations, the relevant departments and units shall provide assistance.

When an infectious disease epidemic occurs, disease prevention and control institutions and other professional technical institutions related to infectious diseases designated by the disease prevention and control departments of people's governments at or above the provincial level may enter the affected areas to conduct investigations, collect samples, and conduct technical analysis and testing. The units and individuals under investigation shall provide information truthfully; no unit or individual may conceal information or obstruct the investigation.

Article 63 When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, the local people's government at or above the county level shall immediately organize forces to carry out prevention and control in accordance with the emergency plan for infectious disease prevention and control, control the source of infection, and cut off the transmission route of the infectious disease; in the event of a major infectious disease epidemic, the following emergency measures may be taken if deemed necessary after assessment:

(1) Restricting or suspending fairs, theater performances, or other activities involving gatherings of people;

(2) Suspension of work, business, or classes;

(3) Sealing off or sealing up public drinking water sources, food, and related items contaminated by infectious disease pathogens;

(4) Controlling or culling and harmlessly disposing of infected animals;

(5) Sealing off places that may cause the spread of infectious diseases;

(6) Other necessary measures to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

When the local people's government at or above the county level takes the emergency measures prescribed in the preceding paragraph, it shall report to the people's government at the next higher level at the same time. If the people's government at the next higher level that receives the report considers that the emergency measures taken are inappropriate, it shall immediately adjust or revoke them.

When necessary, the State Council or the department authorized by the State Council may decide to take the emergency measures prescribed in the first paragraph of this article in the whole country or in some regions.

Article 64 For personnel in places where cases of Class A infectious diseases have occurred or in specific areas within those places, the local people's government at or above the county level where the place is located may implement isolation measures and report to the people's government at the next higher level at the same time. If the people's government at the next higher level that receives the report considers that the isolation measures implemented are inappropriate, it shall immediately adjust or revoke them.

Personnel subject to isolation measures shall cooperate; those who refuse to implement isolation measures shall be subject to compulsory isolation measures by the public security organs with the assistance of disease prevention and control institutions.

Article 65 In the event of a newly emerging infectious disease or an infectious disease of sudden and unknown cause, the local people's government at or above the county level may, after assessment and if it deems it necessary, take preventive and control measures for Class A infectious diseases as stipulated in this Law in advance, and report to the people's government at the next higher level at the same time. If the people's government at the next higher level that receives the report considers that the preventive and control measures taken in advance are inappropriate, it shall immediately adjust or revoke them.

Article 66 In the event of a major infectious disease epidemic caused by Class A or Class B infectious diseases, the local people's government at or above the county level may, upon the decision of the people's government at the next higher level, implement health quarantine on personnel, materials, and means of transportation entering or leaving the affected areas within its administrative region.

In the event of a major infectious disease epidemic caused by a Class A infectious disease, the provincial people's government may decide to impose a blockade on the affected areas within its administrative region; the blockade of large and medium-sized cities or the affected areas spanning provincial administrative regions, as well as the blockade that leads to the interruption of trunk line transportation or the blockade of national borders, shall be decided by the State Council.

Article 67 When taking infectious disease prevention and control measures in accordance with the provisions of Articles 63 to 66 of this Law, the organ that decides to take the measures shall issue a public announcement to the public, clarifying the specific content, scope of implementation, and duration of implementation of the measures, and provide necessary explanations. The lifting of relevant prevention and control measures shall be decided and announced by the original decision-making organ.

During the period of taking the measures prescribed in the preceding paragraph, the local people's government shall ensure the supply of basic necessities such as food and drinking water, provide basic medical services, and maintain social stability; give special care and arrangements to groups such as minors, the elderly, the disabled, women during pregnancy and lactation, and injured and sick personnel who need timely treatment, and ensure that relevant personnel receive medical treatment. The local people's government shall publicize help-seeking telephone numbers and other means of seeking help, and provide assistance to people in need in a timely manner.

If workers are unable to work due to the adoption of the measures prescribed in Articles 58 and 63 to 66 of this Law, the employer shall retain their jobs and pay their wages and living expenses during this period in accordance with regulations. Employers may enjoy relevant assistance policies in accordance with regulations.

Article 68 In the event of a Class A infectious disease, in order to prevent the spread of the infectious disease through means of transportation and the personnel and materials carried by them, the provincial people's government may decide to implement traffic health quarantine. Specific measures shall be formulated by the State Council.

Article 69 In the event of a major infectious disease epidemic, according to the needs of infectious disease prevention and control, the State Council and its relevant departments have the right to urgently mobilize personnel or call up reserve materials nationwide or across provincial administrative regions, and the local people's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments have the right to urgently mobilize personnel or call up reserve materials within their administrative regions, temporarily requisition houses, means of transportation, and related facilities, equipment, venues, and other materials, and require relevant units and individuals to provide technical support.

Those who are urgently mobilized shall be given reasonable remuneration in accordance with regulations. Those who temporarily requisition houses, means of transportation, and related facilities, equipment, venues, and other materials, and require relevant units and individuals to provide technical support shall be given fair and reasonable compensation in accordance with the law; those that can be returned shall be returned in a timely manner.

Article 70 Medical institutions, disease prevention and control institutions, and inspection and testing institutions shall carry out inspection and testing activities in accordance with infectious disease inspection and testing technical specifications and standards, and strengthen inspection and testing quality control.

Article 71 In the event of death from a Class A infectious disease or anthrax, the corpse shall be immediately subjected to sanitary treatment and cremated nearby; in the event of death from other infectious diseases, the corpse shall be subjected to sanitary treatment and cremated or deeply buried in accordance with regulations when necessary. The family members of the deceased shall be informed in a timely manner of the cremation or deep burial of the corpse.

In order to find the cause of an infectious disease, medical institutions may, when necessary, dissect and examine the corpse of an infectious disease patient or a suspected infectious disease patient in accordance with the regulations of the health and health authority and disease prevention and control department of the State Council, and shall inform the family members of the deceased in a timely manner. The dissection and examination of the corpse shall be carried out in a place that meets biosafety conditions.

Article 72 Items in the affected areas prescribed in Article 66 of this Law that are contaminated or may be contaminated by infectious disease pathogens, and that can be used after disinfection, shall be disinfected under the guidance of disease prevention and control institutions before they can be used, sold, and transported.

Article 73 When an infectious disease outbreak or epidemic occurs, relevant production and supply units shall promptly produce and supply medicines, medical devices, and other emergency supplies needed for infectious disease prevention and control. Transportation, postal, and express delivery operators shall give priority to transporting personnel participating in infectious disease prevention and control, as well as medicines, medical devices, and other emergency supplies needed for infectious disease prevention and control. Relevant departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall do a good job in organization and coordination.

Article 74 If units and individuals believe that the infectious disease prevention and control measures prescribed in Articles 58 and 63 to 66 of this Law infringe upon their legitimate rights and interests, they may file a complaint with the local people's government at or above the county level or its designated department. The implementation of relevant measures shall not be suspended during the complaint period. The local people's government at or above the county level shall unblock complaint channels, improve handling procedures, and ensure that relevant complaints are handled in a timely manner.

Chapter V Medical Treatment

Article 75 People's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen and improve the construction of an infectious disease medical treatment service network that combines routine and emergency measures, designate medical institutions with infectious disease treatment conditions and capabilities to undertake infectious disease treatment tasks, and set up specialized infectious disease hospitals according to the needs of infectious disease treatment.

Article 76 The state shall establish and improve a medical treatment system for major infectious disease epidemics, establish a comprehensive medical treatment system composed of specialized infectious disease hospitals, general hospitals, traditional Chinese medicine hospitals, pre-hospital emergency institutions, temporary treatment sites, primary medical and health institutions, blood stations, etc., classify and treat infectious disease patients, strengthen medical treatment for critically ill patients, and improve the medical treatment capacity for major infectious disease epidemics.

Article 77 Medical institutions shall provide medical care, on-site rescue, and diagnosis and treatment for infectious disease patients and suspected patients, and fill in and properly keep medical records and other relevant materials in accordance with regulations.

Medical institutions shall set up fever clinics in accordance with the regulations of the health and health authority of the State Council, strengthen the standardized construction of fever clinics, optimize service processes, and improve service capabilities.

Medical institutions shall implement an infectious disease pre-examination and triage system; infectious disease patients and suspected patients shall be guided to relatively isolated triage points for initial diagnosis. If a medical institution does not have the corresponding treatment capacity, it shall transfer the infectious disease patient or suspected patient and their medical records to a medical institution with the corresponding treatment capacity. During the referral process, necessary protective measures shall be taken for infectious disease patients and suspected patients.
Article 78 Medical institutions shall take corresponding measures in accordance with the standards for infectious disease diagnosis and treatment requirements, give full play to the advantages of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, strengthen the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and improve the ability to diagnose and treat infectious diseases.

The state supports and encourages medical institutions to strengthen research on the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases in combination with their own characteristics.

Article 79 The state encourages the research and innovation of drugs and medical devices for the prevention and control of infectious diseases, and gives priority to the review and approval of drugs and medical devices urgently needed for the prevention and control of infectious diseases.

In case of emergency medical treatment needs due to a major infectious disease epidemic, physicians may, in accordance with the nationally unified diagnosis and treatment plan, use drugs in a manner not specified in the drug instructions within a certain scope and time limit for treatment.

In the event of a major infectious disease epidemic that constitutes a particularly serious public health emergency, the health and health administrative department of the State Council shall, based on the needs of infectious disease prevention, control, and medical treatment, propose recommendations for the emergency use of drugs, and after the drug supervision and management department of the State Council organizes demonstration and agrees, it may be used urgently within a certain scope and time limit.

Article 80 The state establishes a psychological assistance system for major infectious disease epidemics. The local people's governments at or above the county level shall organize professional forces to conduct regular training and drills; when a major infectious disease epidemic occurs, they shall provide psychological counseling and psychological intervention services to key groups such as infectious disease patients, people receiving medical observation, family members of the deceased, relevant staff, and the general public in a timely manner.

Chapter VI Guarantee Measures

Article 81 The state incorporates infectious disease prevention and control into the national economic and social development plan, and the local people's governments at or above the county level incorporate infectious disease prevention and control into the national economic and social development plan of their respective administrative regions.

Article 82 The local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the responsibilities of the government at the same level, be responsible for the funds for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in their respective administrative regions.

The health and health administrative department of the State Council (国务院卫生健康主管部门) and the disease prevention and control department (疾病预防控制部门) shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council (国务院), determine the national infectious disease prevention, monitoring, prediction, early warning, control, treatment, supervision, and inspection projects based on the epidemic trend of infectious diseases. Financial departments at all levels shall ensure funding in accordance with the division of responsibilities.

The people's governments of provinces (省级人民政府) shall, based on the epidemic trend of infectious diseases in their respective administrative regions and on the basis of the projects determined by the health and health administrative department of the State Council (国务院卫生健康主管部门) and the disease prevention and control department (疾病预防控制部门), determine the infectious disease prevention, monitoring, testing, risk assessment, prediction, early warning, control, treatment, supervision, and inspection projects, and ensure the implementation funds for the projects.

Article 83 The people's governments at or above the county level shall implement the relevant funds for the basic construction, equipment purchase, discipline construction, and personnel training of disease prevention and control institutions in accordance with the regulations; and ensure the funds required for other medical and health institutions to undertake disease prevention and control tasks in accordance with the regulations.

Article 84 The state strengthens the construction of the grassroots infectious disease prevention and control system and supports the infectious disease prevention and control work in underdeveloped areas, ethnic areas, and border areas.

The local people's governments at all levels shall ensure the necessary funds for grassroots infectious disease prevention and control work.

Article 85 The state strengthens the capacity building of medical institutions for disease prevention and control, and continuously improves the capacity and level of infectious disease specialist hospitals and general hospitals in infectious disease monitoring, inspection and testing, diagnosis and treatment, and scientific research.

The state innovates the mechanism of medical prevention collaboration and medical prevention integration, and promotes in-depth cooperation between medical institutions and disease prevention and control institutions.

Article 86 The state strengthens the construction of a talent team for infectious disease prevention and control and promotes the construction of disciplines related to infectious disease prevention and control.

Colleges and universities that offer medical majors shall strengthen preventive medicine education and scientific research, conduct preventive medicine education and training for medical students in school and other personnel related to infectious disease prevention and control, and provide professional technical support for infectious disease prevention and control work.

Disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, etc., shall regularly conduct training on infectious disease prevention and control knowledge and skills for their staff.

Article 87 The people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the construction of information technology for disease prevention and control and incorporate it into the construction of national health information technology.

The people's governments at or above the county level shall establish an information sharing mechanism for infectious disease prevention and control, and use the national health information platform, the government affairs data sharing platform, the emergency management information system, etc., to share and comprehensively apply relevant data.

The state strengthens the network security and data security management of infectious disease prevention and control, and improves the level of technical prevention.

Article 88 Basic medical insurance shall pay for infectious disease medical expenses that meet national regulations in accordance with regulations.

For medical expenses of patients and suspected patients who are treated for Class A infectious diseases and infectious diseases for which Class A infectious disease prevention and control measures are taken in accordance with the provisions of this Law, after basic medical insurance, critical illness insurance, medical assistance, etc., are paid in accordance with regulations, the government shall subsidize the portion borne by individuals in accordance with regulations.

The state implements medical assistance for people in difficulty suffering from specific infectious diseases and reduces or exempts medical expenses.

The state encourages commercial insurance institutions to develop insurance products related to infectious disease prevention and control.

Article 89 The state establishes and improves a public health emergency material support system, improves the level of emergency material support for infectious disease prevention and control, and the development and reform departments of the people's governments at or above the county level coordinate the work of emergency material support for prevention and control.

The state strengthens pharmaceutical reserves and incorporates materials such as drugs, medical devices, and sanitary protective equipment related to infectious disease prevention and control into the public health emergency material support system, and implements central and local two-level reserves.

The industrial and information technology department of the State Council (国务院工业和信息化部门) shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council (国务院), strengthen the physical reserve, production capacity reserve, and technology reserve of medicines in accordance with the needs of infectious disease prevention, control, and public health emergency preparedness, guide local governments to carry out pharmaceutical reserve work, and improve the reserve adjustment, allocation, and rotation mechanism.

Article 90 The state establishes a reserve mechanism for the prevention and control capabilities of rare and uncommon infectious diseases and infectious diseases that have been eliminated in China, supports relevant disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and scientific research institutions to continuously carry out relevant training, basic and applied research, and on-site prevention and control work, supports relevant experts to participate in international prevention and control work, and continues to maintain the ability to identify, inspect, test, diagnose, and treat the above-mentioned infectious diseases.

Article 91 Effective sanitary protection measures and medical and health care measures shall be taken for personnel engaged in infectious disease prevention, medical treatment, scientific research, teaching, and on-site handling of epidemics, as well as other personnel who come into contact with infectious disease pathogens in production and work, in accordance with national regulations, and appropriate allowances shall be given.

Chapter VII Supervision and Management

Article 92 The people's governments at or above the county level shall regularly study and deploy disease prevention and control work such as major infectious disease prevention and control, regularly release reports on infectious disease prevention and control to the public, report on infectious disease prevention and control work to the standing committees of the people's congresses at the same level, and accept supervision in accordance with the law.

The people's governments at or above the county level shall supervise the performance of the duties of infectious disease prevention and control by the people's governments at the lower level. If the local people's government fails to perform its duties of infectious disease prevention and control, the people's government at the higher level may interview its main person in charge. The local people's government that is interviewed shall immediately take measures to rectify the situation, and the interview and rectification shall be included in the work evaluation and assessment records of the local people's government. Those who fail to perform their duties of infectious disease prevention and control, neglect their duties, or cause serious consequences or adverse effects shall be held accountable in accordance with the law.

Article 93 The disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall perform the following supervisory and inspection duties for infectious disease prevention and control work:

(1) To supervise and inspect the performance of the duties prescribed by this Law by the disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the lower level;

(2) To supervise and inspect the infectious disease prevention and control work of disease prevention and control institutions, medical institutions, and blood collection and supply institutions;

(3) To supervise and inspect disinfection products used for infectious disease prevention and control and their production enterprises, drinking water supply units, and products involving drinking water hygiene and safety;

(4) To supervise and inspect the sanitary conditions and infectious disease prevention and control measures of public places, schools, and childcare institutions.

The health and health departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, supervise and inspect the collection, preservation, provision, carrying, transportation, and use of pathogenic microorganism strains (toxins) and infectious disease detection samples.

Article 94 When performing supervisory and inspection duties, the health and health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall have the right to enter the site where an infectious disease epidemic occurs and relevant units to carry out investigation and evidence collection work such as consulting or copying relevant materials, collecting samples, and making on-site records. The inspected unit shall cooperate and shall not refuse or obstruct.

Article 95 When performing supervisory and inspection duties, if the disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level find public drinking water sources, food, and related articles that may be contaminated by infectious disease pathogens, and if control measures are not taken in a timely manner, it may lead to the spread, outbreak, and epidemic of infectious diseases, they shall take temporary control measures such as closing public drinking water sources, sealing up food and related articles, or suspending sales, and conduct inspections or disinfection treatment. After inspection, the contaminated food shall be destroyed; the control measures shall be lifted in a timely manner for food that has not been contaminated or articles that can be used after disinfection treatment.

According to the infectious disease prevention and control measures taken by the local people's governments at or above the county level, the market supervision and management department may take measures such as sealing up or suspending the sale of food and related articles that may lead to the spread, outbreak, and epidemic of infectious diseases.

Article 96 When staff members of the health and health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level perform their duties in accordance with the law, there shall be no less than two persons, and they shall present their law enforcement certificates and fill in law enforcement documents.

After the law enforcement documents are checked and found to be correct, they shall be signed by the law enforcement officers and the parties concerned. If the party concerned refuses to sign, the law enforcement officers shall indicate the situation.

Article 97 The health and health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall establish and improve internal supervision systems in accordance with the law, and supervise the performance of duties by their staff members in accordance with statutory powers and procedures.

If the health and health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the higher level find that the health and health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the lower level fail to handle matters within the scope of their duties in a timely manner or fail to perform their duties, they shall order them to correct or directly handle them.

Article 98 The health and health administrative departments, disease prevention and control departments, and other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall perform their duties in accordance with the law and consciously accept social supervision.

Any unit or individual shall have the right to report acts that violate the provisions of this Law to the people's governments at or above the county level and their health and health administrative departments, disease prevention and control departments, and relevant organs. The organs that receive the reports shall investigate and handle them in a timely manner. For reports that are verified to be true, the informants shall be rewarded in accordance with regulations. The people's governments at or above the county level and their health and health administrative departments, disease prevention and control departments, and relevant organs shall keep the information of the informants confidential and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the informants.

Article 99 If the health and health, disease prevention and control, and other departments find suspected crimes related to infectious disease prevention and control, they shall transfer the cases to the public security organs in a timely manner in accordance with relevant regulations. The public security organs shall promptly review and handle the transferred cases.

For those who do not need to be held criminally liable or are exempted from criminal punishment in accordance with the law, but should be held administratively liable in accordance with the law, the public security organs, the people's procuratorates, and the people's courts shall transfer the cases to the health and health, disease prevention and control, and other departments in a timely manner, and the relevant departments shall handle them in accordance with the law.

If the public security organs, the people's procuratorates, and the people's courts request the health and health, disease prevention and control, and other departments to provide assistance such as inspection and testing conclusions, identification opinions, and harmless disposal of the items involved in the case, the relevant departments shall provide assistance in a timely manner.

Chapter VIII Legal Liability

Article 100 If the local people's governments at all levels violate the provisions of this Law by failing to perform their reporting duties in accordance with the law, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or failing to report infectious disease epidemics, interfering with infectious disease epidemic reports, or failing to organize treatment or take control measures in accordance with the law during an outbreak or epidemic of infectious diseases, the people's governments at the higher level shall order them to correct and circulate a notice of criticism; if the circumstances are serious, the leading personnel and directly responsible personnel who are responsible shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.

Article 101 If the health and health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at or above the county level violate the provisions of this Law in any of the following circumstances, the people's governments at the same level or the health and health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the higher level shall order them to correct and circulate a notice of criticism; if the circumstances are serious, the leading personnel and directly responsible personnel who are responsible shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law:

(1) Failing to perform the duties of reporting or publicizing infectious disease epidemics in accordance with the law, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or failing to report infectious disease epidemics, or interfering with infectious disease epidemic reports;

(2) Failing to take prevention and control measures in accordance with the law when an infectious disease is occurring or may occur;

(3) Failing to perform supervisory and inspection duties in accordance with the law, or failing to investigate and deal with illegal acts in a timely manner;

(4) Failing to investigate and deal with reports on the failure of the health and health administrative departments and disease prevention and control departments of the people's governments at the lower level to perform their duties of infectious disease prevention and control in a timely manner;

(5) Other acts of dereliction of duty or malfeasance in violation of the provisions of this Law.

Article 102 If the relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level violate the provisions of this Law by failing to perform their duties of infectious disease prevention and control, epidemic reporting, and guarantee in accordance with the law, the people's governments at the same level or the relevant departments of the people's governments at the higher level shall order them to correct and circulate a notice of criticism; if the circumstances are serious, the leading personnel and directly responsible personnel who are responsible shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.

Article 103 If a disease prevention and control institution violates the provisions of this Law in any of the following circumstances, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections, give a warning or circulate a notice of criticism, give sanctions to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible persons in accordance with the law, and may revoke the practice certificate of the relevant responsible person in accordance with the law by the original issuing department:

(1) Failing to perform the duties of infectious disease monitoring and epidemic risk assessment in accordance with the law;

(2) Failing to perform the duties of infectious disease epidemic reporting in accordance with the law, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or failing to report infectious disease epidemics, or interfering with infectious disease epidemic reports;

(3) Failing to actively collect infectious disease epidemic information, or failing to analyze, investigate, and verify infectious disease epidemic information and epidemic reports in a timely manner;

(4) Failing to take the measures prescribed by this Law in a timely manner in accordance with their duties when an infectious disease epidemic is discovered or an infectious disease epidemic report is received;

(5) Failing to comply with relevant national regulations, resulting in the occurrence of blood-borne diseases caused by the use of blood products.

Article 104 If a medical institution violates the provisions of this Law in any of the following circumstances, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections, give a warning or circulate a notice of criticism, and may also impose a fine of not more than 100,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department or the original filing department may revoke the medical institution's practice license or order it to suspend practice activities in accordance with the law, give sanctions to the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible persons in accordance with the law, and may also order the relevant responsible persons to suspend practice activities for six months to one year or revoke their practice certificates in accordance with the law by the original issuing department:

(1) Failing to undertake the infectious disease prevention and control work of the institution in accordance with the regulations, the infection control tasks of the medical institution, or the infectious disease prevention work in the responsible area;
(II) Failing to report infectious disease outbreaks as required, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or omitting reporting of infectious disease outbreaks, or interfering with infectious disease outbreak reporting;

(III) Failing to disinfect or render harmless places and articles contaminated by infectious disease pathogens within the institution, as well as medical waste and medical sewage, in accordance with regulations.

If a medical institution violates the provisions of this Law in any of the following circumstances, the health authorities of the people's government at or above the county level shall impose administrative penalties in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, and shall impose sanctions on the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law:

(I) When an infectious disease outbreak is discovered, failing to provide medical care, on-site rescue, diagnosis and treatment, or referral to infectious disease patients and suspected patients as required, or refusing to accept referral;

(II) Failing to comply with relevant national regulations, resulting in the occurrence of blood-borne diseases due to the input of blood or the use of blood products.

If a medical institution fails to disinfect or sterilize the medical devices used in accordance with regulations, or fails to destroy medical devices that are required to be used once in accordance with regulations after use and reuses them, legal liability shall be investigated in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on the administration of medical devices.

Article 105 If a blood collection and supply institution violates the provisions of this Law by failing to report infectious disease outbreaks as required, concealing, falsely reporting, delaying reporting, or omitting reporting of infectious disease outbreaks, or interfering with infectious disease outbreak reporting, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order it to make corrections and give a warning or a circular of criticism, and may also impose a fine of not more than 100,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department may revoke the blood collection and supply institution's practice license in accordance with the law, impose sanctions on the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law, and may order the relevant responsible personnel to suspend practice activities for not less than six months but not more than one year until the practice certificate is revoked in accordance with the law.

If a blood collection and supply institution fails to implement relevant national regulations, resulting in the occurrence of blood-borne diseases due to the input of blood, the health authorities of the people's government at or above the county level shall impose administrative penalties in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, and shall impose sanctions on the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law.

Anyone who illegally collects blood or organizes others to sell blood shall be ordered by the health authorities of the people's government at or above the county level to stop the illegal act, confiscate the illegal income, and impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan.

Article 106 If transportation, postal, and express delivery companies violate the provisions of this Law by failing to give priority to transporting personnel participating in infectious disease prevention and control, as well as medicines, medical devices, and other emergency supplies needed for infectious disease prevention and control, the transportation, railway, civil aviation, and postal administration departments shall order corrections and give a warning in accordance with their respective duties; if serious consequences are caused, a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall also be imposed, and sanctions shall be imposed on the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law.

Article 107 If any of the following circumstances occur in violation of the provisions of this Law, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order corrections, give a warning, confiscate illegal income, and may also impose a fine of not more than 200,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department may revoke the relevant license in accordance with the law, and the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel may be prohibited from engaging in corresponding production and business activities within five years:

(I) A drinking water supply unit supplies water without obtaining a health permit, or the drinking water supplied does not meet national health standards and health norms, causing or possibly causing the spread, outbreak, or epidemic of infectious diseases;

(II) Producing or selling products related to drinking water hygiene and safety without obtaining a health permit, or producing or selling products related to drinking water hygiene and safety that do not meet national health standards and health norms;

(III) Producing disinfectant products for the prevention and control of infectious diseases without obtaining a health permit, or producing or selling disinfectant products for the prevention and control of infectious diseases that do not meet national health standards and health norms;

(IV) Producing or selling disinfectants and disinfection equipment produced using new materials, new process technologies, and new sterilization principles without obtaining a health permit;

(V) Selling or transporting items contaminated or possibly contaminated by infectious disease pathogens in the affected areas specified in Article 66 of this Law without disinfection treatment.

Article 108 If any of the following circumstances occur in violation of the provisions of this Law, the health, disease prevention and control, and other relevant departments of the people's government at or above the county level shall order corrections, give a warning or a circular of criticism, confiscate illegal income, and may also impose a fine of not more than 100,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department may revoke the relevant license in accordance with the law, impose sanctions on the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law, and may order the relevant responsible personnel to suspend practice activities for not less than six months but not more than one year until the practice certificate is revoked in accordance with the law:

(I) The laboratories of disease prevention and control institutions and medical institutions, and units engaged in pathogenic microorganism experiments, do not meet the conditions and technical standards stipulated by the state, and fail to strictly manage infectious disease pathogens and samples in accordance with the prescribed measures;

(II) Collecting, storing, providing, carrying, transporting, and using pathogenic microorganism strains (viruses) and infectious disease testing samples in violation of relevant national regulations;

(III) Medical institutions, disease prevention and control institutions, and inspection and testing institutions fail to carry out inspection and testing activities in accordance with the technical specifications and standards for infectious disease inspection and testing, or issue false inspection and testing reports;

(IV) Producing or selling disinfectants, disinfection equipment, and antibacterial (inhibitory) agents that should be filed but have not been filed;

(V) The sanitary conditions and infectious disease prevention and control measures of public places, schools, and childcare institutions do not meet national health standards and health norms.

Article 109 If, in violation of the provisions of this Law, large-scale construction projects such as water conservancy, transportation, tourism, and energy are built in natural foci of disease confirmed by the state without conducting a sanitary survey before construction, or without taking necessary infectious disease prevention and control measures in accordance with the opinions of disease prevention and control institutions, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order corrections within a time limit, give a warning, and impose a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan; if corrections are not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 1 million yuan shall be imposed, and the relevant people's government shall be requested to order the suspension of construction or demolition in accordance with its duties and powers, and sanctions shall be imposed on the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law.

Article 110 If, in violation of the provisions of this Law, the health authorities, disease prevention and control departments, or other relevant departments of the people's government at or above the county level fail to fulfill their personal information protection obligations in accordance with the law, the people's government at the same level or the relevant departments of the people's government at a higher level shall order corrections and issue a circular of criticism; if the circumstances are serious, sanctions shall be imposed on the responsible leaders and directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law.

If a medical institution or disease prevention and control institution discloses the personal privacy or personal information of infectious disease patients, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, or close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel, the health authorities and disease prevention and control departments of the people's government at or above the county level shall order corrections, give a warning or a circular of criticism, and may also impose a fine of not more than 50,000 yuan, and sanctions shall be imposed on the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law, and the relevant responsible personnel shall be investigated for legal responsibility in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on the management of doctors and nurses.

Other failures to fulfill personal information protection obligations in the prevention and control of infectious diseases shall be investigated for legal responsibility in accordance with the laws and administrative regulations on personal information protection.

Article 111 If any of the following circumstances occur in violation of the provisions of this Law, the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order corrections, give a warning, and may also impose a fine of not more than 20,000 yuan on the violating unit and a fine of not more than 1,000 yuan on the violating individual; if the circumstances are serious, the original issuing department may revoke the relevant license or business license in accordance with the law:

(I) Refusing to implement the infectious disease prevention and control measures taken by the people's government and its relevant departments in accordance with the law;

(II) Refusing to accept and cooperate with the infectious disease prevention and control measures taken by disease prevention and control institutions in accordance with the law;

(III) Refusing to accept and cooperate with the epidemiological investigation carried out by disease prevention and control institutions, or intentionally concealing infectious disease conditions, infectious disease contact history, or travel history in infectious disease outbreak or epidemic areas during the epidemiological investigation;

(IV) Patients with Class A infectious diseases, pathogen carriers, suspected patients, or close contacts of the above-mentioned personnel refuse to accept and cooperate with the isolation treatment and medical observation measures taken in accordance with the law, or leave without authorization before the expiration of the isolation treatment and medical observation period;

(V) Intentionally spreading infectious diseases;

(VI) Intentionally fabricating and disseminating false information about infectious disease outbreaks;

(VII) Other acts that hinder the infectious disease prevention and control measures taken in accordance with the law.

Arranging for infectious disease patients, pathogen carriers, or suspected patients to engage in work that is prohibited by laws, administrative regulations, and the disease prevention and control department of the State Council (国务院) and that is likely to spread the infectious disease shall be ordered to make corrections and given a warning by the disease prevention and control department of the people's government at or above the county level, and may also be fined not more than 20,000 yuan; if laws and administrative regulations provide otherwise, their provisions shall prevail.

Article 112 Anyone who violates the provisions of this Law and causes personal or property damage shall bear civil liability in accordance with the law; if the act constitutes a violation of public security administration, a public security administration penalty shall be imposed in accordance with the law; if the act constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the law.

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

Article 113 The meanings of the following terms in this Law:

(I) Major infectious disease outbreak refers to an infectious disease outbreak that has caused or may cause serious damage to public life safety and physical health.

(II) Infectious disease patients and suspected patients refer to people who meet the diagnostic criteria for infectious disease patients and suspected patients according to the infectious disease diagnostic standards issued by the health authorities and disease prevention and control departments of the State Council (国务院).

(III) Pathogen carriers refer to people who are infected with infectious disease pathogens without clinical symptoms but can excrete pathogens.

(IV) Epidemiological investigation refers to the investigation and research on the distribution of diseases or health conditions in the population and their determinants, and the proposal of disease prevention, control measures, and health care countermeasures.

(V) Zoonotic infectious diseases refer to infectious diseases that humans and vertebrates suffer from together, such as plague, rabies, schistosomiasis, and hydatid disease.

(VI) Natural foci of disease refer to areas where pathogens that can cause human infectious diseases exist and circulate in wild animals in nature for a long time.

(VII) Vectors refer to organisms that can transmit infectious disease pathogens from humans or other animals to humans, such as rats, mosquitoes, flies, and fleas.

(VIII) Healthcare-associated infections refer to infections acquired within a medical institution, including infections that occur within a medical institution and infections that are acquired within a medical institution and occur after leaving the medical institution, but do not include infections that have started or are in the incubation period before entering the medical institution. Infections acquired by medical personnel within a medical institution are also healthcare-associated infections.

(IX) Laboratory infections refer to infections caused by contact with infectious disease pathogens while working in a laboratory.

(X) Disinfection refers to the use of chemical, physical, and biological methods to kill or eliminate pathogenic microorganisms in the environment.

(XI) Disease prevention and control institutions refer to disease prevention and control centers engaged in disease prevention and control activities, as well as railway disease prevention and control institutions and other units with the same business activities as the above-mentioned institutions.

(XII) Medical institutions refer to institutions that have obtained a medical institution practice license or have been filed in accordance with the law and are engaged in disease diagnosis and treatment activities.

(XIII) Outbreak refers to the sudden appearance of many patients with the same symptoms in a local area or collective unit within a short period of time. These patients often have the same source of infection or route of transmission, and most patients often appear simultaneously between the shortest and longest incubation periods of the disease.

(XIV) Epidemic refers to the incidence rate of a disease in a certain area significantly exceeding the historical incidence rate level of the disease.

Article 114 The laws and administrative regulations on responding to public health emergencies shall apply to the response to public health emergencies related to infectious disease prevention and control that are not stipulated in this Law.

Article 115 This Law shall come into effect on September 1, 2025.

(Xinhua News Agency (新华社) dispatch)

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The Majia River Regains Its Lively Spirit (Hometown Scenery Can Generate Wealth)

By: 本报记者  李  蕊

Core Reading

A Majia River (马颊河) flows through Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村), Lingcheng District (陵城区), Dezhou City (德州市), Shandong Province (山东省). In recent years, the local area has carried out dredging and renovation, and the Majia River (马颊河) has reappeared with clear water and green banks. Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村) relies on ecological resources to develop rural tourism, which has enriched the villagers' pockets and driven the surrounding villages to develop together, increasing income and becoming wealthy.

The long Majia River (马颊河) meanders all the way, flowing into the territory of Dingzhuang Town (丁庄镇), Lingcheng District (陵城区), Dezhou City (德州市), Shandong Province (山东省), where it branches off into a tributary called "Majia Branch River (马颊岔河)". Where the two rivers embrace, the beautiful Fairy Lake (仙人湖) is nurtured, and Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村) is surrounded by rivers and lakes.

Strolling through Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村), you can see clear waves like ribbons, wooden houses and green trees, reflecting each other like a painting. With clear water attracting guests and cultural tourism generating wealth, how does Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村) write this article on "water"? The reporter conducted an investigation.

"Looking at the clear water in front of me, I seem to have returned to my childhood."

In the 1970s, the Majia River (马颊河) was the "lifeline" of Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村).

"At that time, where did the village have tap water? Feeding livestock and washing clothes all depended on this river." Xue Changmin (薛长民), secretary of the Party branch of Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村), recalled, "In the summer, as soon as the sun slanted westward, the children would run to the river like wild horses that had broken free."

By the 1990s, the scene had changed. The river water gradually became turbid and red, with sticky foam and plastic bags floating on it, and there were hardly any children playing by the river.

"At that time, various places were developing industry, and the production wastewater from factories upstream was discharged into the Majia River (马颊河), causing suffering to the people along the coast." Xue Changmin (薛长民), then director of the Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村) Villagers' Committee, was worried.

Since 2012, Dezhou (德州) has comprehensively strengthened environmental protection supervision and law enforcement, the phenomenon of random sewage discharge has been significantly reduced, and the pungent smell of the river water has also faded. Xue Changmin (薛长民) felt much more comfortable, but when he saw the silt beach, his brow furrowed again, "The black mud accumulated for more than ten years was hard as a rock, and the wild wormwood grew taller than people, airtight, like a wall."

A turning point came at the end of 2016 - Dezhou City (德州市) was to carry out a comprehensive management project of the Majia River (马颊河). Hearing this news, Xue Changmin (薛长民) ran to the town many times to confirm that the Xuezhuang (薛庄) section of the Majia River (马颊河) and Majia Branch River (马颊岔河) could be included in the dredging and renovation scope, and his hanging heart was finally relieved.

The management project was launched. After three dredging operations, the living water of the Majia River (马颊河) surged through, and even the Majia Branch River (马颊岔河) became clear. The newly planted willows on the bank sprouted, and egrets often flew up from the reed beds.

"The Majia River (马颊河) has regained its agility." When he is free, Xue Changmin (薛长民) always likes to move a small stool and sit by the river, "Listening to the laughter of the children rising and falling, looking at the clear water in front of me, I seem to have returned to my childhood," he said.

"Developing rural tourism, water is our sign."

With the water alive, Xue Changmin's (薛长民) mind also became active. Coincidentally, Provincial Highway 516 (516省道) was built to his doorstep, which was a good opportunity to develop rural tourism.

"Our village is so remote and unknown, who would be willing to come?" Some people questioned. Xue Changmin (薛长民) said, "Developing rural tourism, water is our sign."

"You can't break out a wide road alone, and everyone gathering firewood can make the fire burn." Xue Changmin (薛长民) pondered, "If you want to do something, you have to have someone. Can you invite the talents who are working outside back?"

The idea was reported to the town, and Dingzhuang Town (丁庄镇) widely carried out the investigation of outstanding talents, mobilized talents outside to return to their hometowns to start businesses, and Xue Changmin (薛长民) became busy.

Xue Chunqiao (薛春桥), who runs a tourism company outside, was invited back - although he has been away for many years, Xue Chunqiao (薛春桥) is attached to his hometown. As early as 2010, he invested in the construction of Xuezhuang Community (薛庄社区) to improve the living environment of the villagers.

With the help of Xue Changmin (薛长民), the "Impression · Da Xuezhuang (印象·大薛庄)" scenic spot led by Xue Chunqiao (薛春桥) broke ground. Large fishing grounds, a visitor center, a glass trestle bridge spanning the Majia Branch River (马颊岔河)... The projects were completed one after another. During the National Day holiday in 2019, the "Impression · Da Xuezhuang (印象·大薛庄)" scenic spot opened to welcome guests, receiving 175,000 tourists throughout the holiday.

In April 2023, relying on the high-quality water source of the Majia River (马颊河), Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村) held a fishing star competition. After its reputation became known, Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村) became a popular check-in place for fishing enthusiasts. In 2024, the scenic spot launched a water obstacle course program, and its popularity climbed to a new peak. Taking advantage of this east wind, dragon boat races, water bicycle races and other sports events have been held here one after another.

"Villagers can participate in multiple positions in construction and operation, and stall recruitment; the restaurant in the visitor center is also contracted to villagers." Xue Changmin (薛长民) counted on his fingers, "More than 300 people are employed in the scenic spot, and the villagers' lives are getting better and better."

"Water makes the villagers' pockets bulge, and also drives the surrounding villages to get rich together."

At more than 6 a.m., the breakfast shop of villager Xue Ming (薛明) in the commercial street of Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村) became busy.

Since the village developed tourism, Xue Ming's (薛明) small shop has become more and more prosperous. "At the busiest time, more than 100 people can come in the morning." He opened the steamer, and the white heat rose straight up, "The original store was not big enough, and it is being expanded recently!"

At 7 p.m., in the "Impression · Da Xuezhuang (印象·大薛庄)" scenic spot, the "People's Grand Stage" song sounded on time. Under the stage lights, the barbecue stalls were lively and the children's facilities area was full of laughter.

"Hey, the fish here are all freshly caught." Villager Zhang Fenggang (张凤刚) was so busy in his farmhouse that he couldn't keep his feet on the ground, "The guests from the city are coming for this 'river fresh'."

"Water makes the villagers' pockets bulge, and also drives the surrounding villages to get rich together," said Xue Changmin (薛长民).

The Majia River (马颊河) connects 3 villages along the coast and is a natural link. Fairy Lake (仙人湖), Deyue Lake (得月湖) and the surrounding pits and ponds are all connected to the Majia River (马颊河) water system.

"In the past, the 3 villages along the coast each held their own bowls." Tang Jinyu (唐金宇), secretary of the Party Committee of Dingzhuang Town (丁庄镇), admitted frankly, "Xuezhuang Village (薛庄村) has developed, but neighboring villages like Suntikou Village (孙堤口村) do not have enough momentum for development."

Tang Jinyu (唐金宇) led cadres to conduct research along the river, and repeatedly convened cadres and the masses of the 3 villages to hold discussions, so that everyone could twist into a rope and break new ground together.

In August 2020, the Dingzhuang Town (丁庄镇) Party Building Consortium "Hongyun Lianghu Party Building Consortium (红韵两湖党建联合体)" came into being. Relying on the vast waters of Fairy Lake (仙人湖), the consortium has built a large-scale floating photovoltaic power generation project on the water surface.

Dormant resources are revitalized. The consortium integrates nearly 1,200 mu of idle pits and ponds along the coast, focusing on building a digital low-carbon circular economy industrial park for fishing, light and tourism, integrating circulating water aquaculture, production, education and research, fishing and light complementarity, and leisure and sightseeing, and through establishing a "minimum rent + profit sharing + labor export" cooperation model with enterprises in the jurisdiction, it drives the villagers along the coast to increase their income.

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Ministry of Natural Resources Releases 30 Typical Cases of Ecological Protection and Restoration

This newspaper's Beijing (北京) August 18th dispatch (Reporter Chang Qin (常钦)) The Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部) recently released 30 typical cases of ecological protection and restoration. Among them, there are 10 typical cases of integrated protection and restoration projects for mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, mainly based on natural geographic units such as river and lake basins and important mountains, implementing overall protection, systematic restoration, and comprehensive management; 10 typical cases of mine ecological restoration, covering both abandoned mines and operating mines; and 10 typical cases of marine ecological restoration, demonstrating the significant effectiveness of expanding marine space and promoting harmony between people and the sea.

According to reports, China has implemented an ecological protection red line system, delineating an ecological protection red line area of over 3.15 million square kilometers, achieving the management of important ecological spaces with a single red line. China is building the world's largest national park system, laying out 49 national park candidate areas, and the construction of the first five national parks is progressing smoothly, with significant results in protection patterns, protection levels, and protection capabilities. New achievements have been made in implementing major ecological restoration projects focusing on key areas. A large-scale national land greening campaign has been carried out, with a forest coverage rate of over 25%, contributing approximately 25% of the world's new green area; 52 integrated protection and restoration projects for mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts have been implemented, completing protection and restoration areas of over 8.3 million hectares, increasing mangrove area to 30,300 hectares, completing the "14th Five-Year Plan" mangrove afforestation target ahead of schedule, treating over 350,000 hectares of abandoned mines, and the annual carbon sink of forests and grasslands exceeds 1.2 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.

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Hubei Province Issues Regulations on Prevention and Control of Pollution from Ships on the Yangtze River

This newspaper's Wuhan (武汉) August 18th dispatch (Reporter Wu Jun (吴君)): This reporter learned from the Hubei Provincial Government Information Office (湖北省政府新闻办) that the "Hubei Province Yangtze River Vessel Pollution Prevention and Control Regulations" (湖北省长江船舶污染防治条例) (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations") was recently issued and will be implemented on October 1, 2025.

In terms of the vessel pollution prevention and control system and mechanism, the "Regulations" stipulate the responsibilities of the government and maritime administration agencies, transportation authorities, and other relevant departments, and clarify the main responsibility for pollution prevention and control of vessel owners, operators, or managers, as well as ports, docks, water service areas, and vessel-related operation units.

In terms of the governance of key links in vessel pollution, Hubei (湖北) will comprehensively promote the vessel water pollution governance model of "onboard storage, onshore disposal," clarifying the requirements for the entire process of pollutant delivery, reception, transfer, and disposal. A vessel fuel quality information notification mechanism will be established, clarifying that vessels shall not emit clearly visible black smoke. At the same time, the configuration and use of shore power facilities will be standardized to reduce air pollution.

In terms of emergency response to vessel pollution accidents, the "Regulations" compile vessel pollution accident emergency plans, establish a vessel pollution accident monitoring and early warning mechanism, and standardize accident handling procedures. In addition, in accordance with regulations, water quality monitoring will be carried out in the area where the incident occurred and its surrounding waters, as well as downstream drinking water sources, relevant information will be promptly notified to downstream areas, and monitoring results will be released to the public.

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Bright Dairy Joins Hands with Shanghai Book Fair to Explore New "Dairy + Culture" Consumption Scenarios

In August, the scorching sun resembled fire, and the fragrance of books permeated Shanghai. On August 13th, the 2025 Shanghai Book Fair and "Reading China" Shanghai Week opened at the Shanghai Exhibition Center (上海展览中心). As an important annual launchpad for new books in China and a reading vane for individual readers, the Shanghai Book Fair has become one of the most influential book exhibitions in the country, attracting book lovers from all over the country with its rich reading resources and strong cultural atmosphere. This year, the century-old dairy enterprise Bright Dairy (光明乳业) is partnering with the Shanghai Book Fair, upgrading its presence as an official strategic partner. Through various measures such as renovating the exhibition area and launching new products, it aims to create an immersive feast of culture and taste for hundreds of thousands of readers, working together to add color to a better life.

Exhibition Area Renovation: Constructing an Immersive Cultural Experience Space

In August 2024, the oversized Bright Dairy (光明乳业) "Sui Xin Ding" milk box brought by Bright Dairy (光明乳业) at the Shanghai Book Fair evoked warm memories for many people. This year, Bright Dairy (光明乳业) is bringing even more surprises to the exhibition area at the Shanghai Book Fair.

With the theme of "Happy Reading, Happy Life," Bright Dairy (光明乳业) is constructing an immersive cultural experience space through colorful exhibition area design and rich and varied interactive experiences, becoming a popular focal point at the book fair.

Stepping into the Bright Dairy (光明乳业) exhibition area, in the check-in interaction area, you can take photos with the "Bright Team" and capture book fair memories with your camera; in the "Yue" Reading Good Habits Research Institute, you can choose your favorite milk box and receive a unique Bright Dairy (光明乳业) seed bookmark, becoming a messenger of reading and healthy living concepts; at the "Energy Supply Station," fresh dairy products are dazzling, providing timely "charging" for readers immersed in the sea of books, helping them enjoy the fun of the book fair.

At the same time, Bright Dairy (光明乳业) also has a Bright Youbei (光明悠焙) store on the second floor of East Hall 1 and the Reading Life Crossover Exhibition Area of the Shanghai Exhibition Center (上海展览中心), carrying out fun stamp collecting activities to add to the fun of visiting the exhibition. Readers who check in at the store can receive a stamp; after any purchase, they can unlock a second stamp. Collect two stamps to redeem an exclusive Bright Dairy (光明乳业) hidden color-matching stamp, allowing the joy of collecting to enrich the exhibition experience.

In addition, purchasing designated products at any location of Bright Dairy (光明乳业) at the Shanghai Book Fair offers the opportunity to participate in a lucky draw to win a "Sui Xiao Ding" book fair limited edition doll pendant, adding another surprise to the book fair journey.

In addition, at this Shanghai Book Fair, Bright Dairy (光明乳业) and CITIC Publishing Group (中信出版集团) jointly launched the "Unlock Your New Cheese, Limited Back-to-School Gift Pack." The gift pack includes classic products such as Bright Dairy (光明乳业) processed cheese, along with new cheese stationery pens, notebooks, theme stickers, and NFC audiobook cards. Currently, in addition to the Shanghai Book Fair offline booth, readers can also pre-order the gift pack on the Bright Dairy (光明乳业) Cheese Mini Program to enjoy more purchase convenience.

In response to the "Reading Night Market" event launched for the first time at this book fair, Bright Dairy's (光明乳业) ice cream truck has transformed into a mobile "cultural supply station," bringing classic dairy products to provide citizens with a unique new cultural consumption experience.

New Product Launch: Scene Integration Lights Up Reading Time

On the opening night of this Shanghai Book Fair, the "Book Fragrance Refreshing Heart, Milk Fragrance Moisturizing City - Bright New Product Reading Time" cross-border theme event was warmly launched at the Bright Dairy (光明乳业) exhibition area. As an in-depth interactive project jointly created by the Shanghai Book Fair and commercial brands, this theme event will not only bring a new experience to book fair visitors, but also be an innovative practice of "dairy products + culture" integration.

At the event site, Bright Dairy's (光明乳业) three new products transformed the concept of "dairy products + culture" from an abstract concept into a tangible and perceptible life experience through scene-based interpretations.

"Bright Dairy × Shanghai Summer" customized popsicles awaken city memories. This series of popsicles features classic flavors that are widely praised by consumers, such as salt water, red bean, mung bean, and orange juice. It adopts a new Shanghai dialect blind box design, using a novel expression method of "dialect + scene + translation" to make Shanghai stories more vividly go to the world; the book fair co-branded and upgraded "Bright Zhiyou Native DHA Fresh Milk" integrates the parent-child reading scene, arousing readers' resonance with touching parent-child reading stories; "Bright Youbei Dali Bobo Milk" interacts vigorously with children, igniting the atmosphere of the entire venue.

As subsequent tour exhibition activities gradually unfold, the integration of "dairy products + culture" will continue to extend beyond the boundaries of the exhibition, providing a richer experience for urban cultural consumption. And the Shanghai Book Fair's (上海书展) concept of "**我爱读书，我爱生活**" (wǒ ài dú shū, wǒ ài shēng huó - "I love reading, I love life," expresses a love for both reading and the lifestyle it promotes) will also be integrated into the daily life of citizens through this unique taste memory.

As an important aggregation platform for global high-quality cultural resources, the Shanghai Book Fair (上海书展) carries the mission of disseminating knowledge and inspiring thought; Bright Dairy (光明乳业), as a well-known brand that has accompanied citizens for a century, has long been deeply rooted in urban memory and daily life. The two join hands to show the charm of the integration of "dairy products + culture," jointly injecting richer connotations into "a better life."

Data source: Bright Dairy (光明乳业)

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Editor in Charge for This Section: Zhang Ye, Yang Xiaoyu, Ren Tongtong

Layout Design: Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)

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That history is the power that inspires us to move forward together. (Remembering History, Creating the Future)

By: 本报记者 白紫微 张 驰 姜 峰 陈隽逸

"Old friends, how can we be forgotten, for auld lang syne..." On July 8th, the "Remembering Heroes, Creating the Future" Flying Tigers-themed historical photo exhibition opened at the Shanghai Huangpu Culture Center (上海黄浦文化中心). The Shanghai Soong Ching Ling School (上海宋庆龄学校) student choir performed "Auld Lang Syne" at the opening ceremony.

The Flying Tigers were a special air combat force on the Chinese battlefield against Japanese aggression more than 80 years ago. Most of the pilots in this force were from the United States. They fought side by side with the Chinese military and civilians, repeatedly inflicting heavy losses on the Japanese army, and became an important air force in the fight against Japanese fascism. They also pioneered the "Hump Route," an aerial lifeline that once became the only effective international channel for China to maintain contact with the outside world during the war.

"Looking back, the people of China and the United States fought side by side against Japanese fascism, withstood the test of blood and fire, and forged a deep friendship." On September 12, 2023, President Xi Jinping (习近平) replied to a letter from Jeffrey Greene, Chairman of the Sino-American Aviation Heritage Foundation, and Flying Tigers veterans Moye and McMullen, emphasizing that "the healthy and stable development of Sino-US relations in the new era requires the participation and support of Flying Tigers in the new era, and it is hoped that the spirit of the Flying Tigers can be passed on from generation to generation between the two peoples."

Fighting Side by Side to Defend Justice

In 1937, Claire Lee Chennault, a retired U.S. Air Force instructor from Texas, came to China as an advisor. During his time in China, he witnessed Japan's aggression and expansion in China and heard many accounts of the brutality of the Japanese invaders. In early 1940, Chennault came to China again. At the end of that year, Chennault's plan to organize a volunteer air force was supported by the U.S. government and military. From 1941 to 1945, the U.S. Air Force in China participated in the war in China in the form of the American Volunteer Group (AVG), the China Air Task Force, the Fourteenth Air Force, and the Sino-American Composite Wing, assisting China in resisting the Japanese invaders.

"Back then, my grandfather went to China when my mother was 9 years old. My mother could never understand why my grandfather left for so many years, until we came to China for the first time and learned about what happened in China during the war, she was relieved," said Nell Calloway, granddaughter of General Chennault. "The Chinese people overcame many difficulties and stubbornly resisted the Japanese invaders, which is admirable."

On December 20, 1941, the American Volunteer Group (AVG) engaged in its first fierce battle with the Japanese army over Kunming (昆明), Yunnan (云南) Province. Six Japanese aircraft were shot down on the spot, and another three crashed on the way back. This long-awaited victory excited the people of Kunming. "For several days, people from all walks of life beat gongs and drums, set off firecrackers, and brought Xuanwei ham (宣威火腿), a special product of Yunnan, to Wujiaba Airport (巫家坝机场) to celebrate the victory of the Volunteer Air Force," said Ge Shuyun, a scholar of the history of the Yunnan-Burma Anti-Japanese War. The people of Kunming saw the shark mouth pattern on the head of the plane and thought it looked like a tiger, so they called the fighter plane "flying tiger." The members of the Volunteer Air Force also liked this name, and the name "Flying Tigers" became widely known.

The arrival of the Flying Tigers injected much-needed air power into China's War of Resistance. The Flying Tigers fought side by side with the Chinese Air Force, repeatedly inflicting heavy blows on the Japanese army in the air battles in Yunnan (滇缅), Burma, Central China, and South China, and effectively supporting the ground forces' operations. During their time in China, the Flying Tigers shot down more than 2,600 Japanese military aircraft, sank or damaged 44 ships, and killed more than 60,000 Japanese soldiers, effectively supporting China's War of Resistance. "The people of China and the United States fought side by side, and forged a deep friendship in the victories that were condensed with blood time and time again," said Ge Shuyun.

Talking about his experience of joining the Flying Tigers in 1944, Moye still remembers it vividly. At that time, Moye, who had finished other combat missions, could have chosen to go home, "But I told the commander that I wanted to fight for the Chinese people under the command of General Chennault, so I came to China." After that, he carried out a series of missions in Sichuan (四川) and other places, fighting side by side with the Chinese people against the Japanese invaders. "The Chinese people suffered too much and made too many sacrifices in the War of Resistance Against Japan," Moye said, "We fought stubbornly with the Chinese military and civilians to defend the homes of the Chinese people. This is the most important experience in my life."

The Flying Tigers not only directly participated in the war against the Japanese invaders, but also participated in the establishment of the Hump Route, which transported urgently needed supplies to China. The Hump Route starts from Assam (阿萨姆邦), India, in the west and crosses the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉) and Gaoligong Mountains (高黎贡山) to enter Yunnan (云南) and Sichuan (四川), China, in the east, with a total length of about 800 kilometers. From May 1942 to September 1945, more than 800,000 tons of strategic materials were transported to China through the Hump Route.

A U.S. documentary filmed in 1944 recorded precious images of people in Guangxi (广西), Hunan (湖南), and other places helping the Flying Tigers build airports - ordinary people in cloth clothes were either hammering stones, carrying earthwork, or leaning forward, pulling stone rollers to level the road. The synchronous sound commentary is moving: "You are witnessing a miracle. In less than 3 months, the Chinese built a series of airports that can take off and land the largest American bombers. They built airports by hand on the farmland they depend on for survival, with as many as 90,000 people working on the same piece of land."

Jiuzhou Airport (旧州机场) in Huangping County (黄平县), Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture (黔东南苗族侗族自治州), Guizhou (贵州), was once an important transit and supply node on the Hump Route and began construction in 1941. Liao Shanggang, former deputy director of the Party History Research Office of the Huangping County Party Committee, introduced that at that time, tens of thousands of people from more than 10 counties including Huangping, Yuqing (余庆), and Shibing (施秉) completed the construction of the airport by relying on carrying on their shoulders in the absence of large machinery. "The airport not only received strategic materials, but also played a pivotal role in ensuring the smooth flow of the route."

Helping Each Other Shows True Feelings

In June 1942, the Flying Tigers headquarters moved from Kunming (昆明), Yunnan (云南) to Baishiyi Airport (白市驿机场) in Chongqing (重庆), and stationed in Chongqing Coral Dam Airport (重庆珊瑚坝机场), Liangshan Airport (梁山机场), Hengyang Airport (衡阳机场) in Hunan (湖南), and Guilin Airport (桂林机场) in Guangxi (广西), fully supporting the War of Resistance in Central China and South China.

In the historical records about Liangshan Airport, the story of William Reed is impressive. This Flying Tiger member once encouraged a Chinese comrade on another damaged fighter plane not to parachute with body swings and sign language after an air battle, and escorted him safely back. On December 19, 1944, Reed was suddenly attacked by the Japanese army on the way back and was forced to parachute, and unfortunately died. Chang Kaiguo, 93, honorary chairman of the Liangping District Writers Association (梁平区作协) in Chongqing (重庆), recalled that he was in the sixth grade that year. After hearing the news of Reed's sacrifice, "The girls cried, and the boys clenched their fists. The teacher said: 'Reed is a hero who helped us fight the Japanese devils.'" In 2014, Reed was included in the first batch of 300 famous anti-Japanese martyrs and heroic groups announced by the Ministry of Civil Affairs.

According to statistics, every pilot on the Hump Route would sacrifice on average after flying 3 times. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, more than 2,000 Flying Tigers members gave their precious lives. The Chinese people remember the sacrifices and contributions of these Flying Tigers warriors who fought side by side with the Chinese Air Force soldiers. More than 200 Flying Tigers members in distress were rescued by the Chinese people, and thousands of Chinese soldiers and civilians gave their lives in rescue operations. Greene told reporters that compared with the European battlefield, the chances of American pilots being rescued after parachuting in China were much higher. Despite their own lack of food and clothing, the Chinese people gave the best food and medicine to the Flying Tigers members in distress.

On the lower inside or back of the Flying Tigers member's jacket, you can always see a piece of white cloth with clear Chinese characters written in thick ink - "Foreigners (Americans) who come to China to help in the war, the military and civilians are united to rescue." This cloth is called the "blood chit" and has the dual function of identification and application for rescue, which can enable the people to rescue the wounded Flying Tigers members in time when they see them.

Ge Shuyun once took such a "blood chit" to Yongping County (永平县), Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture (大理白族自治州), Yunnan (云南) to find the wreckage of a crashed plane. On the Lancang River (澜沧江) bank, he met an old man named Luo Guangpu. Seeing the "blood chit," the old man was immediately excited, "The Americans are very tall and too heavy!" He told Ge Shuyun a story from many years ago: In 1944, an American transport plane crashed, and 3 crew members parachuted, including John Currier and Robert Roeller were injured. After Luo Guangpu and several other farmers found them, they quickly carried the injured pilots to the village and vacated the best wooden house in the village for them to heal their injuries.

In 2002, the "Historical Memory" large-scale photo and physical exhibition co-sponsored by the State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办公室) and the Sino-American Aviation Heritage Foundation was held in Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, and more than 100 Chinese and American veterans participated. Ge Shuyun accompanied Luo Guangpu to the United States. At the event site, Currier recognized Luo Guangpu at a glance, and the two old men hugged each other tightly. "They both cried, and everyone present was very moved. Currier's family was thanking Luo Guangpu." Recalling that scene many years later, Ge Shuyun was still deeply impressed.

After Flying Tigers member Glenn Beneda parachuted, villagers in Jianli (监利), Hubei (湖北) and New Fourth Army (新四军) soldiers helped him escape safely after nearly 60 days of "life-and-death rescue"; after Gabriel Disosway made a forced landing in Xinxiang (新乡), Henan (河南), local villagers built a temporary runway of more than 1,000 meters overnight for rescue aircraft to use... "The Flying Tigers fought bravely and destroyed important Japanese military forces in China. All of this is inseparable from the Chinese people's courageous resistance and full support. The Flying Tigers members and the Chinese people have established a deep friendship," Greene said.

Passing on the Spirit to the Future

The smoke of war has long since dissipated, and the stories and spirit of the Flying Tigers are still passed on in the hearts of generations. "The Flying Tigers spirit represents the maintenance of justice, represents peaceful coexistence, win-win cooperation, and represents eternal friendship." Greene's father was a U.S. World War II Air Force veteran. He had heard many stories about the Flying Tigers from his father since he was a child and had always been very interested in China.

"In 1995, some Flying Tigers veterans were invited to China to participate in the activities commemorating the 50th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan and the World Anti-Fascist War. I was participating in the production of a documentary about the Flying Tigers at that time, and I was fortunate to accompany them and become close friends with many Flying Tigers veterans," Greene said. After that, he founded the Sino-American Aviation Heritage Foundation, hoping to allow more Flying Tigers veterans to return to China to walk around and see.

"Over the years, we have invited nearly 500 veterans and their families to visit China. Seeing China's current development, everyone's faces showed the same expression - pride and gratification. They believe that their efforts back then were worthwhile, and they also feel that they participated in China's development process," Greene said.

In 2022, the Sino-American Aviation Heritage Foundation launched the "Flying Tigers Friendship School and Youth Leadership Program." As of now, more than 110 schools in the two countries have joined, building a stable and long-term platform for promoting the understanding of the Flying Tigers spirit and enhancing friendship among young people in the two countries.

In Chongqing (重庆), Kunming (昆明) and other places where the Flying Tigers once fought, a series of memorial exhibitions with the theme of the Flying Tigers' deeds are held for a long time in the Chongqing Stilwell Museum (重庆史迪威博物馆), the Kunming Flying Tigers Memorial Hall (昆明飞虎队纪念馆), and the Yunnan Anti-Japanese War Victory Hall (云南抗战胜利堂). "We hope to tell everyone through these real records that today's peaceful and happy life is hard-won. We must pass on the Flying Tigers spirit from generation to generation," said Gan Yun, vice president of the Yunnan Flying Tigers Research Association.

At the "Flying Tigers in the Sky - Flying Tigers Cultural Relics Exhibition" in the Kunming Flying Tigers Memorial Hall, physical exhibits such as pilot combat uniforms, goggles, and commemorative seals, combined with a large number of historical images, bring visitors back to that period of history. After visiting, Thomas Winter, a descendant of a Flying Tigers veteran, wrote in the guestbook: "Thank you for showing these, so that future generations can truly understand the story of the Flying Tigers and educate future generations to understand the importance of friendly cooperation."

Those airports that carry historical memories have also been revitalized. In 2016, Huangping County (黄平县) re-hardened and upgraded Jiuzhou Airport (旧州机场). The airport was certified by the Civil Aviation Administration of China (中国民用航空局) in 2018 and became the first A2-level general airport in Guizhou Province. Today, Jiuzhou Airport not only carries out general aviation businesses such as flight experience, light aircraft license training, and aerial tours, but also becomes an important base for aviation education for young people.

"We need to write more cooperation stories like the Flying Tigers - to create well-being for the people of both countries and bring peace and prosperity to the world," Greene said. "The history created by the people of the United States and China fighting side by side more than 80 years ago shows that we can work together and succeed in any undertaking. That history is the power that inspires us to move forward together."

(Li Wei participated in the writing)

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Peace is hard-won and needs to be jointly safeguarded (International Observation)

By: 嘉兰惠

My grandfather, General Chennault (陈纳德), had been working closely with China for many years before the establishment of the Flying Tigers, laying the foundation for subsequent Sino-American collaboration against Japanese fascism. His experience is a true reflection of cooperation and mutual respect between the two countries, embodying understanding and trust that transcends borders and cultures. My grandfather once said, "We are building a lifelong friendship." This sentence deeply touched me. As his descendant, I feel a responsibility to build bridges of communication between different cultures.

In 1941, General Chennault (陈纳德) formed the American Volunteer Group (AVG) to help China, fighting alongside the Chinese military and civilians against the Japanese invaders. During the aid-China operations, more than 2,000 Flying Tigers sacrificed their lives in battle, and more than 200 Flying Tigers were rescued by the Chinese people. Many Chinese people gave their lives in the process of rescuing Flying Tigers. The story of the Flying Tigers tells us that even in the darkest of times, friendship and cooperation can still occur. Adhering to common beliefs, the United States and China joined hands to fight against Japanese fascism, which is the spiritual legacy that the Flying Tigers left us.

Over the past 20 years, I have had the honor of meeting some Flying Tigers veterans and visiting China many times. Every exchange with the Flying Tigers veterans has deeply moved me, not only because of their stories, but also because of that emotional connection that transcends time and space. Every time I visit China, I learn something new – in addition to gaining a deeper understanding of history, I am also touched by the warmth of human nature. I learned from it: don't listen to what others say, but go, feel, and think for yourself.

Today, at the Chennault Aviation and Military Museum in Monroe (门罗), Louisiana (路易斯安那州), in the United States, I am constantly working to spread the story of the Flying Tigers through exhibitions and explanations, hoping that the next generation can understand the history of Sino-American collaboration. Although Monroe (门罗) is just a small city, many Chinese friends come from thousands of miles away to commemorate an American who once helped their ancestors. This friendship is a valuable asset that the people of our two countries should cherish.

Unfortunately, some Americans do not understand this history, and this lack of understanding has real-world implications. Sino-American relations are now one of the most important and complex bilateral relationships in the world. Our generation must work hard to ensure that the younger generation does not forget that history. As the eyewitnesses gradually pass away, historical memories are also slowly fading away, and we need to actively record and tell these stories. In today's world, we are intertwined, and the people of the United States and China especially need to know: we were friends who fought side by side.

Peace is precious and needs to be safeguarded together. Inheriting and promoting the spirit of the Flying Tigers is not only a commemoration of the past, but also a vision for the future. May we inherit this friendship that transcends history with united beliefs and practical actions.

(The author is the curator of the Chennault Aviation and Military Museum in the United States. This article was compiled and edited by Bai Ziwei (白紫微), a reporter from this newspaper.)

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This edition's editors: Hou Lulu, Bai Ziwei

Layout Design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)

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Zhejiang Tide Surges, Oars Propel Forward in the Race (Frontline Observation: Shouldering Heavy Responsibilities, Demonstrating Commitment)

By: 本报记者 赵 成

In the first half of this year, Zhejiang Province's regional GDP reached 4,500.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5.8%.

As a major manufacturing province and an open province, Zhejiang has achieved better-than-expected major economic indicators against the backdrop of external shocks and increased uncertainty. Behind these achievements is the fact that the party members and cadres of Zhejiang Province have always adhered to working practically, staying at the forefront, and daring to stand at the tide's head, promoting a work style of loyalty, pragmatism, responsibility, innovation, unity, and integrity, and taking responsibility and forging ahead around the major mission of building a demonstration zone for common prosperity through high-quality development.

Overcoming Difficulties

"Breaking through one problem at a time"

Difficulties and challenges are whetstones, which can test cadres and also temper them.

Yiwu (义乌), the "World's Supermarket of Small Commodities." Since the beginning of this year, the complex and volatile external environment has inevitably caused some people to worry: Are the merchants in Yiwu doing well?

"We business people often say that confidence is more precious than gold. The Party committee and government have given us confidence. We innovate products, strengthen brands, and expand sales channels, so business naturally gets better and better," said Zhang Jiying (张吉英), a umbrella business owner in Yiwu International Trade City (义乌国际商贸城), with a smile.

Confidence does not come out of thin air. Merchants in the Trade City have found that since the beginning of this year, there have been more cadres coming to the market for on-site research, more policy interpretations and professional training sessions held for merchants, and more policies to help and benefit enterprises introduced by the Party committee and government.

Fang Jianxin (方建新), Deputy Director of the Yiwu Municipal Bureau of Commerce (义乌市商务局), is a "regular visitor" to the Trade City. Facing the "big stick" of tariffs, Fang Jianxin proposed from the beginning: "Do our best to provide services and guarantees, and never leave out a single enterprise!" Based on extensive visits and research, he and his colleagues created a five-color early warning mechanism to dynamically monitor and accurately classify foreign trade enterprises in the city involved with the United States.

Relying on the monitoring situation, the four leading teams of Yiwu led municipal cadres to visit enterprises, promoted the establishment of a 200 million yuan emergency revolving fund pool, and fully implemented the policy of renewing loans without repayment of principal, greatly reducing the financial pressure on enterprises.

It is necessary to help enterprises overcome difficulties, but also to find ways to expand channels and stabilize orders. "On the one hand, we are deepening the market procurement and consolidation system, vigorously cultivating integrated consolidation enterprises, and continuously amplifying the advantages of 'market procurement + consolidation'; on the other hand, we are deeply promoting the 'brand going overseas' action for small commodities," said Fang Jianxin.

Good work style of cadres stimulates new vitality. In the first half of this year, Yiwu's total export value of goods reached 358.6 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 24.6%.

Wherever there are difficulties and challenges, cadre and talent resources are allocated and guaranteed there. In response to the complex situation of international economic and trade struggles, Zhejiang has formulated and introduced several measures to leverage organizational functions to serve and guarantee the high-quality development of foreign economy and trade, coordinate cadre and talent resources to serve enterprises, and strengthen the staffing of key foreign trade localities, key departments, and key state-owned enterprises.

On July 18, a flight from Beijing (北京) carrying the first batch of 149 passengers landed smoothly on the runway of Lishui Airport (丽水机场). The passengers applauded and cheered in unison, celebrating the official opening of Lishui Airport.

As one of the 149 passengers, Chen Miaogen (陈妙根) was moved to tears. From the moment the plane began to descend, he stared unblinkingly out the window, silently reciting: After turning this corner, we will leave the main air route; seeing these towering peaks, the runway is in front of us...

Chen Miaogen is the Director of the Lishui City (丽水市) All-Area Tourism Development Center (全域旅游发展中心) and previously served as the head of the Lishui Airport Engineering Construction Headquarters (丽水机场工程建设指挥部). From the beginning of the demonstration, approval, and construction of Lishui Airport, he has been rooted in the front line of the construction project for 14 years.

As the airport with the highest side slope in East China, the construction task of Lishui Airport is heavy, the technical requirements are high, and new problems are constantly encountered. Chen Miaogen said: "Every difficulty must be overcome, it's just a matter of breaking through one problem at a time, and hammering one after another."

At the entrance of the office of the Airport Engineering Construction Headquarters, 12 large characters are strikingly visible: Not afraid of hardship, not afraid of fatigue, not afraid of difficulty, not afraid of danger (不怕苦、不怕累、不怕难、不怕险). "The cadres of the headquarters are all elite forces selected from various units, with strong professional abilities and sufficient resilience to overcome difficulties," said Zheng Liping (郑力平), the commander-in-chief of the headquarters. "Everyone's day-to-day dedication and hard work have made the airport project a dream come true."

Innovation

"Dare to break through, resolutely do it"

Innovation is the key word for Zhejiang's reform and development. Daring to shoulder the mission and standing at the forefront tests the ability and level of party members and cadres to "eat the reform meal, take the open road, and play the innovation card." Facing the new journey and new mission, Zhejiang has made a comprehensive deployment for building an innovative Zhejiang and developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, and innovative development is taking shape throughout the province.

The old revolutionary area in southwestern Zhejiang has different resource endowments and development foundations from Hangzhou (杭州), Ningbo (宁波), and other places. How can it develop new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions? Lishui seized the window of opportunity for the development of the national integrated circuit industry and made good use of its ecological environment advantages to "create something out of nothing" and build a characteristic semiconductor industry chain with key materials as the core.

The chain "from 0 to 1", project attraction is the key. Ying Gangqiu (应刚秋), Deputy Director of the Lishui City Productivity and Investment Promotion Center (丽水市生产力和投资促进中心), admitted frankly that the initial investment promotion was not easy. "Some people questioned our lack of experience in semiconductors, and others worried that the blueprint would not be realized."

What to do? Ying Gangqiu started by learning, learning from books, consulting experts, and asking companies for advice, "You have to turn yourself from an 'outsider' in the semiconductor field into a 'know-it-all', and then dare to break through and resolutely do it, and create a new world." He talked to companies one by one, and walked step by step in a down-to-earth manner. More and more projects landed, the industrial atmosphere rose, and investment promotion became smoother and smoother.

"The company settled in Lishui precisely because it valued the local cadres' understanding and sincerity," said Li Guipeng (李桂鹏), head of Tongchuang (Lishui) Special Materials Co., Ltd. (同创（丽水）特种材料有限公司). Thanks to policy preferences and efficient services, development is faster than expected. "The 'one project, one plan' package of professional services and factor guarantees has enabled the company to complete the roof capping of the factory building within 100 days and complete production within one year."

To promote the industry "from nothing to something, from small to strong," party members and cadres in the Lishui Economic Development Zone (丽水经开区) are constantly innovating in various fields—

Large projects are difficult to land, so we separately attract "small but sophisticated" projects such as chip material companies, packaging and testing companies, and application companies, introduce individual enterprises, and then form industrial clusters through upstream and downstream industry adsorption; build a complete industrial ecology guided by industrial needs, with the "chain leader" grasping the formulation of regional industrial chain policies, major project investment promotion, and coordinated development, the "dean" grasping scientific and technological innovation research and development and achievement transformation, the "principal" grasping professional and technical personnel training, and the "bank president" grasping financial services...

"The development and growth of the industry puts higher demands on cadres in terms of serving enterprises and innovative development. We actively go out and learn from other national-level development zones on industrial models, development directions, etc., to continuously enhance our skills," said Chen Fengming (陈凤鸣), a member of the Party Working Committee of the Lishui Economic Development Zone.

Reform and innovation, daring to break through and try, are reflected in the daily work of party members and cadres in promoting development and serving the masses.

On the desk of Gai Jun (盖军), Secretary of the Wanquan Town (万全镇) Party Committee in Pingyang County (平阳县), Wenzhou City (温州市), there is a stack of problem lists, classified according to industrial land, enterprise cultivation, cultural tourism, health and education, etc., and a four-color early warning is carried out according to the processing progress. "Every problem must be answered, and we will try our best to solve it if it can be solved." This is Gai Jun's basic requirement for himself. However, how to solve the problem tests wisdom and methods.

"The factory building has only one floor, and the storage space is not enough, so development will be limited." After learning about the difficulties faced by Wenzhou Bentai Latex Products Co., Ltd. (温州奔泰乳胶制品有限公司), Gai Jun led a team to provide door-to-door service, and finally helped the enterprise to increase the factory building to 4 floors through the "space for land" policy. In recent years, the town has effectively expanded the development space of enterprises through "industrial buildings going upstairs."

Wanquan Town gathers a large number of enterprises and has many migrant workers. How can we make them feel at ease when they come and live with peace of mind? The town has built a rental housing management center, adopting the "unified rental, unified management, and integrated" service model, with all rental housing in the town uniformly registered, uniformly managed, and then uniformly rented out if they meet the requirements. At the same time, convenient service platforms such as new resident service stations are built to allow new residents to integrate and live well.

"At present, the upgrading of processes in traditional enterprises urgently requires technical and talent support; to lay out emerging industries, we plan to rely on existing enterprises to guide and help them transform into high-end products and take related high-end tracks," said Gai Jun. "Every piece of work requires us to reform and innovate, and boldly explore."

For the People

"Common prosperity, no one can be left behind"

This year is a crucial year for Zhejiang to build a demonstration zone for common prosperity through high-quality development. Taking the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project ("千万工程") to drive urban-rural integrated development, doing a good job in the three articles of "strengthening cities," "revitalizing villages," and "integration" in one go, and continuously narrowing the "three major gaps" requires party members and cadres to actively explore experiences and play a demonstrative and driving role.

Walking into Lizu Village (李祖村), Houzhai Street (后宅街道), Yiwu City, the laughter of agricultural entrepreneurs and the shouts in the live broadcast rooms are intertwined, and the bluestone roads are full of tourists from all over the country.

How did the "three-nothing village" with no mountain and water resources, no famous people resources, and no industrial resources develop into a harmonious and beautiful village? In the view of Fang Haolong (方豪龙), Secretary of the Lizu Village Party Branch and Director of the Village Committee, there are two secrets to the village's development: taking advantage of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project to continuously improve the software and hardware of village development; and introducing a professional manager operation model to turn young entrepreneurs into development resources.

Young people come, and vitality follows. From operating farms and running parent-child classes to building "village cafes" and food streets, and then to opening tie-dyeing, pottery, and other handicraft workshops, under the leadership of agricultural entrepreneurs, many villagers have also joined the entrepreneurial boom.

"Lizu Village is constantly iterating and upgrading, just like young people, there is still a lot of room for growth," said Fang Haolong. In 2024, Houzhai Street took the lead in establishing the Da Lizu Common Prosperity Alliance (大李祖共富联盟), using 3 tourist routes to string together 8 surrounding villages. The alliance encourages villagers to brainstorm and pool their efforts around the questions of "What do we have?", "What does the village need?", and "What can we bring to 'Da Lizu'?" The 9 village cadres and relevant street leaders form a weekly "face-to-face" consultation mechanism to jointly discuss the feasibility of cooperation projects. Today, 81 characteristic projects are steadily advancing in the "Da Lizu" area.

Clenching fingers into fists is not limited to the union between villages. In recent years, Yueqing City (乐清市) has implemented "upgraded support and upgraded services" for key villages and communities, and established a working mechanism of "municipal leaders leading the township, joint party building coordinating, and functional departments sinking," forming a joint force of party committees and governments at all levels to solidly promote common prosperity. Beitang Village (北塘村), Qingjiang Town (清江镇), is a vivid example of benefiting from this mechanism.

The villagers of Beitang Village never imagined that the strawberries that used to sell for 20 yuan per kilogram often could not be sold out. Now they sell for 120 yuan per kilogram and are still in short supply. Planting one mu of strawberries can generate 20,000 to 30,000 yuan in income, 10 times more than in the past!

The transformation stems from collective planning, scientific planting, and brand empowerment. In previous years, Su Desheng (苏德生), Secretary of the Beitang Village Party Committee and Director of the Village Committee, led the village's two committees to conduct extensive research and identified strawberry planting as the direction of the village's industrial development. The village established the Beitang Fruit and Vegetable Professional Cooperative (北塘果蔬专业合作社), registered the "Beitang Fruit and Vegetable" series of trademarks, and cooperated with the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences to establish the province's first science and technology commissioner service base. Good varieties were introduced, efficient planting was carried out, and deep processing was implemented, successively creating "star products" such as Beitang strawberries, dragon fruit, and sweet tangerines, and cultivating a characteristic industrial chain integrating fruit and vegetable picking, ecological fruit drinks, characteristic catering, and science popularization research.

"The development of the village is thanks to the full support of cadres at all levels." Pointing to the "Xian Beitang" Sanxian Noodle flagship store that opened last year, Su Desheng said, "This was originally agricultural supporting facility land. From the early approval of land nature changes to the later fire protection acceptance and main structure acceptance, it needs to go through multiple links. Thanks to the cadres in the city and town who sent us policies, ran approvals, and coordinated various relevant departments, the project was able to land efficiently."

"Common prosperity, no one can be left behind." Zhang Yaping (张亚平), Secretary of the Qingjiang Town Party Committee, said, "We will focus on Beitang Village to promote the group development of the Beitang 'flower and fruit fragrance' area, forming a differentiated layout of 'one village, one characteristic, and multiple industries prospering together' to drive the common prosperity of surrounding villages."

From the Da Xiajiang Rural Revitalization Consortium (大下姜乡村振兴联合体) and the Da Yucun Research, Culture, and Tourism Coordinated Development (大余村研文旅协同发展) to the Da Lizu Common Prosperity Alliance's group development and the Da Tahou Area's multi-industry linkage development (大塔后片区多产业联动发展)... At present, party members and cadres in Zhejiang are constantly exploring the "key village + surrounding village" group linkage development model with the goal of enriching the people, promoting the realization of strong villages leading weak villages, the rich leading the poor, and regional common prosperity.

To promote high-quality development and build a demonstration zone for common prosperity, it is necessary to grasp the decisive factor of cadres. Relevant officials from the Organization Department of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee (浙江省委组织部) stated that Zhejiang firmly establishes the employment orientation of practical work and outstanding achievements, plays a combined punch to encourage cadres to take responsibility, carries out the "Holding the Correct View of Political Achievements and Building New Achievements for the People" action, and introduces a series of pragmatic measures such as selecting and commending good cadres who take responsibility, improving comprehensive assessment methods, and optimizing the use of the parallel policy of job titles and ranks, forming a virtuous interaction of "cadres taking responsibility for the cause and organizations taking responsibility for cadres," and encouraging the vast number of cadres to strive for progress and compete for the first, and resolutely shoulder the responsibility of "major economic provinces taking the lead."

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Starting with the "Leaves Directive" (Jin Tai Tide)

By: 张 洋

Recently, while visiting the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (中国人民抗日战争纪念馆), an exhibit panel was particularly moving: In 1942, the Japanese invaders conducted a "mopping-up operation," and there was also a severe drought. The military and civilians faced a food shortage, and many people ate tree leaves to survive. The Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region (晋察冀军区) issued the "Tree Leaf Order" for this reason: all food units of the troops must pick tree leaves more than 15 *li* away, and the tree leaves near the villages should be left for the people to eat. The border region troops strictly implemented the order, preferring to go hungry themselves rather than compete with the people for food, and ultimately won the hearts of the people and overcame the difficulties.

Strengthening discipline guarantees revolutionary success. Iron discipline is an important guarantee of cohesion and combat effectiveness. It is even more important to see that the "Tree Leaf Order" is by no means a simple command and prohibition, but a value choice made by a political party and an army at a critical moment of life and death—the entire meaning of the existence of the revolutionary ranks is to protect the people's right to live.

This brings to mind another story. In the late autumn of 1948, during the Liaoshen Campaign (辽沈战役), the apples in the countryside of Jinzhou (锦州) were ripe. Although the People's Liberation Army (解放军) soldiers passing by on the march were extremely hungry and thirsty, they strictly observed discipline and did not pick a single one, "because these are the people's apples."

From the "Tree Leaf Order" to "not eating the people's apples," the spiritual connotations are consistent: our Party always puts the people in the highest position in its heart, and never forgets "who I am, for whom, and who I rely on." "People First" has long become a profound political, ideological, and action consciousness of the Communists.

History shows that iron discipline is not a shackle, but a guardian of the original aspiration. Adhering to self-revolution is precisely the key for the Party to win the hearts of the people. The villagers witnessed the soldiers "giving up tree leaves" and "refusing apples," and this scene was better than any grand rhetoric. Caring for the people, the Party's army won the heartfelt praise of being a "benevolent and righteous army." The will of the people constitutes the source of strength for our cause to continuously move from victory to victory.

Entering the new era, the "exam" is far from over, and the "four major tests" and "four types of dangers" still exist. Our Party has formulated and implemented the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定), turning strict requirements on work style into concrete measures, and allowing iron rules to grow iron teeth, curbing many unhealthy tendencies that were previously considered impossible to curb, and eliminating some stubborn maladies that were difficult to eliminate for many years.

"If we are a little uncomfortable and a little inconvenienced, the people's comfort level will be a little better, their satisfaction will be higher, and their feelings towards us will be better." The spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation governs specific issues such as "corruption on the tip of the tongue," "unhealthy tendencies in clubs," and "mountains of documents and seas of meetings." In essence, it is the contemporary sublimation of the disciplinary traditions of the revolutionary war years—transforming the spirit of self-revolution tempered by life-and-death tests into normalized institutional constraints. Its deeper significance lies in building an institutional barrier to prevent detachment from the masses, and solving the fundamental proposition of "how to always remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind."

Work style construction is always on the road. At present, the "four winds" problem still has situations of rebound and resurgence, and invisible mutations, which confirms the stubbornness and complexity of work style problems, and also highlights the extreme importance of adhering to self-revolution and strictly enforcing discipline and rules. Carrying out in-depth study and education on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation is a re-inspection and re-improvement of the discipline and work style of Party members and cadres, and a re-education and re-arming of the ideology and theory of Party members and cadres, further promoting discipline from external constraints to internal consciousness. Through this continuous, thorough, and soul-touching self-revolution, our Party can always win the trust and support of the people.

The hearts of the people are like a mirror, reflecting the true colors of a political party; the hearts of the people are like a scale, weighing the foundation of governance. From the choice of "giving up tree leaves" to the self-discipline of "refusing apples," to the institutional innovation of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, all are re-tempering of the original aspiration and re-cohesion of the hearts of the people. When all the disciplinary standards point to the origin of "for the people," what will be gained must be the tremendous power of hundreds of millions of people uniting and struggling. This great power once supported us through the flames of war, and will surely escort the journey of national rejuvenation.

**锲而不舍、久久为功** (qiè ér bù shě, jiǔ jiǔ wéi gōng - "carve without stopping, achieve through long effort," persevere and keep working tirelessly towards a goal), let the tree of discipline be evergreen, and let the foundation of the people's hearts be forever solid. This is the genetic code for the century-old Party to thrive, and it is also the fundamental confidence for facing the future.

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"Actively inform the public, even if they are unaware" (Supervision Post)

"Why is my surgery costing me out-of-pocket when it's free elsewhere?" Ms. Zhang, a resident of a community in Yuhua District, Changsha City, Hunan Province (湖南省长沙市雨花区), once reported to the community's discipline inspection officer.

"Rest assured, we will investigate thoroughly!" The local discipline inspection and supervision authority quickly took the lead in establishing an investigation team. The investigation team immediately reviewed the "Notice of the Hunan Provincial Health Commission on Regulating the Management of Funds for Basic Technical Services for Family Planning" (湖南省卫生健康委员会关于规范计划生育基本技术服务经费管理的通知). The document clearly stipulates that "since 2018, the relevant expenses for the four family planning surgeries have been guaranteed by special financial funds, and it is strictly forbidden to charge residents."

The investigation team then went to the community health service center involved. Among several large boxes of old receipts, the investigators focused on a "outpatient charging ledger." The ledger was filled with patient names, corresponding payment items, and specific amounts. After careful counting, the record contained as many as 127 entries, involving an amount of 24,800 yuan. Ms. Zhang's 122 yuan fee for the four family planning surgeries paid last year was clearly listed. The investigation team also randomly selected the phone numbers of several patients for verification, and all indicated that they had paid the relevant surgical fees.

Faced with the ledger, Wen (温), the head of the community health service center, stammered and said: "Residents who were unaware of the policy voluntarily paid the money, and the staff accepted it. After discovering the problem, we thought about returning it, but the amount kept increasing, and several years had passed, making it somewhat difficult to return..."

"If the masses are unaware, they must be actively informed. Difficulty in returning is not a reason to continue violating regulations." The investigators' questioning left Wen (温) speechless.

Ultimately, Wen (温) was given a disciplinary warning within the Party and returned all illegally collected funds.

[Disciplinary Officer's Remarks] 122 yuan seems like a trivial matter, but it reveals the weight of the original aspiration to serve the people. "The masses are unaware" and "difficulty in returning" cannot be excuses for violations. Only by using electrified supervision to eradicate the soil for corruption, and by using transparent ledgers to regulate the operation of micro-powers, can the Party's pro-people policies truly be implemented.

(Yuan Xinxin (袁鑫欣))

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Party Building Gathers Strength, Innovation Accelerates (Party Flag Flying High at the Grassroots Level)

By: 本报记者 贺林平

Measuring data, analyzing components, testing performance... For Ke Haibo (柯海波), a member of the Party Committee and researcher at the Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory (松山湖材料实验室) in Dongguan (东莞), Guangdong (广东), and head of the Amorphous Materials Research Group, working around the clock has become the norm.

"The research undertaken by the team is progressing to a critical stage, and Party members should shoulder the heavy responsibility. Overcoming the difficulties and bottlenecks one day earlier means seeing the results one day earlier, and promoting the transformation of industry, academia, and research," said Ke Haibo (柯海波). The team he leads has published more than 50 laboratory-signed papers in international academic journals and applied for 8 invention patents.

As one of the first batch of provincial laboratories in Guangdong Province (广东省) and an important scientific research platform in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区), Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory (松山湖材料实验室) has gradually constructed a full-chain innovation model of "cutting-edge basic research - applied basic research - industrial technology research - industrial transformation." Behind the continuous output of scientific research results is the vivid practice of the laboratory's Party Committee focusing on key areas and "choke points," and encouraging Party members to take the lead in tackling key problems.

In order to vigorously promote the spirit of scientists and cultivate the ideal and belief of serving the country through science and technology, the laboratory regularly carries out special activities such as "Science Face to Face" and "Dialogue with Songcai People" to build an exchange platform for Party members and scientific research backbones, and stimulate innovation vitality. Wang Enge (王恩哥), academician and chairman of the laboratory council, Zhao Zhongxian (赵忠贤), academician and director of the academic committee, and other outstanding Party members enter the laboratory to give Party lectures and lectures, guiding scientific and technological workers to temper their strong Party spirit and improve their scientific research capabilities.

Dongguan (东莞) has approximately 210,000 small and medium-sized enterprises. Some small and medium-sized enterprises are restricted in their development potential and overall industrial upgrading due to insufficient technical research and development capabilities and lack of funds. How can the laboratory's scientific and technological achievements empower small and medium-sized enterprises? Party members took the lead in finding solutions and paving the way.

In the field of advanced materials, Fu Ying (付莹), a scientific research backbone and Party member of the light element materials team of the laboratory, led the team to conduct extensive research and found a new way to invest in technology. The industrialized company incubated by the team acquired local companies such as Nicon Electronics (尼轩电子) through the "technology + capital" method, helping the company get rid of its long-term reliance on foreign technology and raw materials. "In the past, due to factors such as production capacity and technology, the company had been unable to reach cooperation with high-quality customers. After the merger and reorganization, the company has obtained support in technology, capital, and platform, and its revenue has doubled," said Fu Ying (付莹).

In order to promote the transformation of scientific research results, the laboratory's Party Committee cooperated with the Songshan Lake (松山湖) Directly Subordinate Organs Party Committee and the Songshan Lake (松山湖) "Two New" Party Committee to jointly carry out the "Party Building Leadership, Science and Technology Assistance to Enterprises" industry-university-research special action to connect cooperation intentions. Up to now, 27 innovative model factory teams have been introduced, 38 industrialization companies have been directly incubated, and the sales contract amount has exceeded 1.2 billion yuan.

"We will further promote the integrated development of Party building and business, so that the Party's grassroots organizations become the booster for laboratory construction and scientific research, and strive to launch more and more advanced scientific research results," said Feng Ji (冯稷), Secretary of the Party Committee and Deputy Director of Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory (松山湖材料实验室).

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Editor in charge of this edition: Zhao Cheng

Layout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)

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Why superhero movies aren't working anymore (Insight)

By: 胡建礼

The solidification of genres weakens the audience's sense of novelty when watching movies. Works that can truly transcend time and cultural barriers are all those that use genuine emotions to engage in dialogue with the audience.

This summer, Hollywood superhero movies "Superman" and "Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer" were released in mainland China one after another, but they hardly made a splash. "Superman," released on July 11, grossed only 64 million yuan, and "Fantastic Four: Rise of the Silver Surfer," released on July 25, has grossed just over 40 million yuan to date. Compared to the glory days of the past, the box office performance of superhero movies can only be described as dismal.

It's not just these two films; in recent years, Hollywood superhero blockbusters have generally performed weakly in the Chinese film market. "Captain America 4," "Thunderbolts," and "Shazam! Fury of the Gods," etc., have all been met with cold receptions in terms of both word-of-mouth and box office. Superhero movies, which were once popular around the world and created box office myths, now seem difficult to impress Chinese audiences, and many other types of Hollywood blockbusters are also gradually losing their former glory in the Chinese market.

Why are "superhero movies" no longer favored by Chinese audiences? On the one hand, the film ecosystem has changed, domestic films are constantly improving, and Chinese audiences are gradually becoming disenchanted with Hollywood blockbusters. The rise of streaming media platforms has also greatly changed the audience's viewing habits. A large number of high-quality film and television works reach the audience through the Internet, and people can enjoy rich audio-visual works without leaving home, which to a large extent diverts the cinema audience.

On the other hand, the audience's level of film appreciation has improved, and they are no longer satisfied with the formulaic plots and flat characters of genre narratives. The simple plot structure of good versus evil that has long characterized superhero movies, as well as the creative mode of excessive special effects, has gradually caused aesthetic fatigue among the audience. Audiences are eager to see stories on the screen that are more in-depth, that reflect real society and complex human nature, and they expect more three-dimensional character development and more sophisticated and reasonable narrative rhythms and logic.

In stark contrast, films that dare to break through genre restrictions have achieved success, such as the domestic films "Under the Light," "Lighting Up The Stars (人生大事)," and "Never Say Never (八角笼中)." Among the excellent foreign films, the American film "Oppenheimer" adopts a non-linear narrative, breaking the shackles of biographical genre films, and winning both word-of-mouth and box office success. The Thai film "How to Make Millions Before Grandma Dies" integrates family, kinship, and social issues, and it is difficult to classify it into a certain genre, nor does it follow the genre routine to narrate, but it has aroused emotional resonance among many audiences, and has achieved good word-of-mouth and high box office with a small budget.

The formation of film genres is the result of market segmentation. The market provides corresponding products according to audience needs and genre elements, which has its own regularity and rationality. However, the solidification of genres will weaken the audience's sense of novelty when watching movies. Works that can truly transcend time and cultural barriers are all those that use genuine emotions to engage in dialogue with the audience. When the story and characters of a film can reveal the appearance of life and touch the common points of human nature, the film wins the audience.

For creators, instead of dwelling on "what genre to shoot," it is better to focus on "how to move the audience." After all, what the audience remembers after leaving the cinema is never "what type of movie this is," but that this movie made them cry, laugh, and feel touched. Under the impact of new forms of video entertainment such as short videos and micro-dramas, movies can only break through the 陈词滥调 (chén cí làn diào - "cliches and platitudes," stale and hackneyed expressions) "obstacle" to maintain vitality and vitality in the fierce competition.

(The author is the Secretary-General of the China Film Critics Society (中国电影评论学会))

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Eloquent Speech as a Component of Cultural Creativity (Upholding "Two Innovations": Focusing on Literature and Art in the New Era)

By: 王大惟

From ineloquence to eloquence, we see an increasingly enthusiastic public creation, the convergence of life becoming art and art becoming life, and the new brilliance of the art of language refined by life.

The *Analects* says, "Clever words and an insinuating appearance are seldom associated with true virtue," and "The superior man wishes to be slow to speak and earnest in action." For a long time, it seems that Chinese people have left the impression of only focusing on working diligently and being ineloquent in expression. As for speaking and expressing in public, in front of cameras, and under the spotlight, it is even more something that ordinary people are not good at.

Such a situation is now changing.

On the stand-up comedy stage, farmers, teachers, flight attendants, company employees, retired veterans, and food delivery riders have appeared one after another. "Only after entering society did I realize that being good at solving problems is useless, because the reference answers to many important life questions are 'omitted'," a young actor joked about the naivety and confusion of leaving school for the first time, touching the hearts of countless equally young netizens; "Life closes a door for me, and I open a stand-up comedy show for it," this chic statement from a disabled actor makes many people realize in laughter that they might as well change their perspective on life.

On short video platforms, Sister Yimeng (沂蒙二姐) stands in the fields, radiant and beaming: "Is this spring? This is not spring, this is the ripple of the cycle of the years, this is the touching awakening of the earth." The reason why "earthy" poetry is so "addictive" is because there is an unstoppable persistence and passion in its simplicity; "When is the 'auspicious time' of 'the auspicious time has arrived'?" Why did the ancients say, "I would rather skip a meal than miss sleeping during the Zi hour?" A book blogger clearly explains the twelve ancient time periods in one breath, amazing netizens that "this is the unique Chinese romance of time."

Along with the booming new mass literature and art, people of different ages, different industries, and different groups are taking the stage, facing the camera, picking up the microphone, and confidently and humorously telling their life experiences and sharing their thoughts. A wave of speaking and expressing is surging. From ineloquence to eloquence, we see an increasingly enthusiastic public creation, the convergence of life becoming art and art becoming life, and the new brilliance of the art of language refined by life.

Language originates from life, and the art of language is also the crystallization of life experience and wisdom. In contemporary society, the fast pace of life and high pressure have become the norm. Represented by stand-up comedy and short videos, these popular arts are popular because they are full of realism and life, targeting topics closely related to life such as growth, workplace, and emotions, and responding to the living conditions and emotional needs of contemporary people. More and more "amateurs" are actively participating in it, expressing their individuality, reflecting their conscious discovery of life and aesthetic observation. They respond to pressure with humorous words, relieve anxiety with a positive attitude, and also show a creative consciousness that originates from life and is higher than life. The high-frequency comments from netizens "mouthpiece" and "talented" confirm the simple truth that the vitality of language lies in the creative use of the masses, and are also a sincere praise for a positive attitude towards life.

The advancement of technology and the popularity of short video and live broadcast platforms are accelerating the production and dissemination of these language-oriented popular arts. With the help of artificial intelligence tools for dubbing, editing, and copywriting optimization, everyone can become a storyteller. In addition, the Internet and new media have strong social interaction attributes, and more and more speaking and expressing are being heard and seen, with echoes and feedback, further promoting the diversification, personalization, and fun of language expression.

Language is the carrier of culture. Thanks to the general improvement of the level of education in the whole society, people have more understanding of the cultural connotation of language, consciously perceive cultural genes through language, and engage in dialogue with tradition through language. The encounter of local accents and digital technology, the collision of dialects and Chinese trends, and the speaking and telling from all over the country make regional cultures shine in the online space. In the video, netizens wrote "Respect Poet Immortal with a cup, may the moonlight of Chang'an (长安) always be bright" for Li Bai's (李白) tomb in Dangtu (当涂), Anhui (安徽), paying tribute to tradition across thousands of years; in the live broadcast room, young people offered "The thatched cottage in your pen has become the mansion in our hearts" to Du Fu's Thatched Cottage (杜甫草堂) in Chengdu (成都), conveying Chinese-style romance in poetic expression.

An era has the expression of an era. Using the life of the times to stimulate the contemporary significance of language, and giving new dissemination dimensions to the daily and unconscious speaking, behind the vigorous and enthusiastic language and narration is an increasingly firm cultural confidence, as well as a pioneering and innovative spirit and fashion of the times.

Of course, it should also be seen that in the endless stream of speaking and expressing, there are still problems such as vulgarization, crudeness, excessive deconstruction, and entertainment supremacy, and some "dark language and rotten memes" are in urgent need of guidance and correction. "Speaking" is for expressing feelings and meanings, and for communicating and understanding. Only language with true feelings, warmth, down-to-earthness, and heartwarming qualities is fresh and powerful, can convey positive values, and create a good social atmosphere. Those expressions that seek attention, rub traffic, and speak without thinking will not be left behind in the end.

From the oracle bone inscriptions bearing the vicissitudes of time to the real-time barrage fleeting across the screen, language and expression have been changing with social development. In today's era where "everyone can speak for 5 minutes of stand-up comedy" and everyone can be the protagonist of literature and art, we need to be more kind to language, refine language, explore innovative language styles full of vitality, and leave more vivid and expressive expressions for the spiritual life and spiritual world of this era, leaving a more melodious and unique voice.

(Author's unit: Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (中国社会科学院语言研究所))

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Activating the Power of History Itself (Quick Review of New Work)

By: 李 宁

In 1942, the Lisbon Maru cargo ship was requisitioned by the Japanese army to transport British prisoners of war. While passing through Dongji Island (东极岛), Zhejiang Province, it was severely damaged and sunk by a US torpedo. Some prisoners of war were rescued by Chinese fishermen at the risk of their lives. This true event was long buried in the depths of history and little known. It was not until 2024 that the documentary film "The Sinking of the Lisbon Maru" sorted out the causes and consequences of the event through a large number of historical materials and scientific exploration, allowing history to resurface and have a huge impact. Now, with the release of the film "Dongji Island (东极岛)", this history has entered the view of more people.

History itself is silent, and storytelling allows more people to hear it. This is also the unique function of historical literary and artistic works. Every telling is a salvage of history, and it is an immersive experience that transcends time and space.

Although both films focus on the event of Chinese fishermen rescuing shipwrecked prisoners of war, the perspectives and emphases are different. "The Sinking of the Lisbon Maru" relies on rich documents, letters, recordings, photos, etc. to explore the past. The team conducted on-site exploration on Dongji Island (东极岛) and found the location of the shipwreck. They visited parties involved and their relatives and friends in the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, and Japan to obtain first-hand oral and textual historical materials. The work presents the complete exploration process of the production team, leading the audience to approach historical truth from different angles, and also uses the memories of later generations to outline vivid lives.

In contrast, "Dongji Island (东极岛)" gives full play to the charm of artistic fiction, retelling this history in a combination of war film and disaster film. The film fictionalizes the main characters such as A'bi (阿赑), A'dang (阿荡), and A'hua (阿花), and constructs a dual-line narrative of "fighting against the Japanese army + rescuing British prisoners." By showing the conflicts between fishermen and invaders, the film focuses on the suffering, awakening, and resistance of the fishermen, enhancing the dramatic intensity. The three main characters are quite individual: A'dang (阿荡) is naturally frank and has an equal awareness of life; A'hua (阿花) dares to love and hate and is brave to break traditional shackles; A'bi (阿赑) grows from a young man who is tolerant and retreating and maintains his small family to a hero who hates evil and pursues great righteousness, showing a credible character arc. At the same time, the film also takes into account the shaping of the group portrait: Wu Laoda (吴老大), who died generously to protect the whole village, Chen (陈) the teacher who was a deserter but was reborn in the fire, and Li Yuanxing (李元兴), the village head who was timid but finally bravely spoke out for the deceased, each has their own stories and personalities.

How to reproduce the lost historical time and space is a difficult problem for historical artistic creation. "The Sinking of the Lisbon Maru" is known for its historical materials. In addition to using precious historical images, it also tries to use animation to restore the shipwreck event. "Dongji Island (东极岛)" gives full play to the advantages of genre films, using exquisite special effects to create a realistic historical scene and construct a magnificent marine image rarely seen on the domestic screen. Fishing boats travel through waves and artillery fire, and fishermen fight against the raging sea with their flesh and blood, full of soul-stirring epic feeling. The more fully the vitality contained in Dongji Island (东极岛) is displayed, allowing the audience to feel the beauty of the motherland's mountains and rivers, the more it can reflect the ruthlessness and cruelty of the invaders.

When the same history is revealed in the dual mirrors of documentary and fiction, we can see the multiple possibilities of artistic expression of history. If "The Sinking of the Lisbon Maru" used a relatively niche documentary to bring the historical shipwreck to the surface, then the significance of "Dongji Island (东极岛)" lies in expanding the radius of historical dissemination in a more popular feature film form. The two images complement each other, jointly weaving the warp and weft of collective memory.

At the same time, it should also be seen that each art form has its own advantages and disadvantages. Taking "Dongji Island (东极岛)" as an example, genre narrative has the disadvantage of simplifying history. In order to conform to the framework of genre films, the work adds some plot conflicts to enrich character shaping and highlight the heroism of the protagonist. It also omits some follow-up events, erasing the complex burrs of history, and losing the heavy texture of historical themes.

The significance of historical narrative is by no means to wallow in the past, but to anchor the direction for the present and future of the nation. In the process of salvaging history and retelling history, we must trust and constantly activate the power of history itself. This is the common enlightenment that "The Sinking of the Lisbon Maru" and "Dongji Island (东极岛)" bring to us.

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Seeking stories from reality (Artistic View)

By: 宋方金

Not long ago, at the 2025 China Film Directors' Night, Shao Yihui (邵艺辉), the "Screenwriter of the Year," expressed her feelings by saying, "I often ask myself, why write? Is what I express worth expressing?" This simple question reveals a common problem in current film and television creation: anxiety about story selection and questioning of creative value.

Today, technological changes are breaking down creative barriers. A smartphone is an efficient camera, and everyone can use images to record life, tell stories, and even perform stories. Image creation is no longer a rare skill, and various editing techniques and storytelling methods are commonplace. When "means of expression" are no longer a scarce resource, "what to express" and "why express" become critical questions.

However, today's audiences are knowledgeable and worldly-wise, and stories confined to narrow lives and outdated routines are difficult to resonate with deeply. Life is everywhere, and information is readily available. What audiences truly expect is the "truth" they are in without realizing it, and stories that are deeply "refined" from the original ore of life.

"Truth" is not only a source of material but also the source of vitality and the crucible of professional creativity. Only by starting from the truth can we give works unparalleled credibility and appeal. Only by digging into the truth can we forge sincere and full emotions, evoke strong empathy from the audience, and complete the appeal and elevation of the inner world in the immersion of aesthetics.

Seek flesh and soul from real people. Those individuals who have been tempered in the great tide of society are themselves carriers of legendary stories. In the TV series *Meritorious Service*, the ups and downs of the lives of eight recipients of the "Medal of the Republic," such as Yu Min (于敏) and Shen Jilan (申纪兰), can be described as vivid footnotes to the arduous journey of the new China. Capturing and shaping the character and faith of the characters, injecting heart-stirring power into the story, naturally evokes echoes in the depths of the audience's hearts.

Seek texture and philosophy from real events. Events originating from the soil of reality naturally carry the pulse of the times and the complex spectrum of human nature. The initial sparks of inspiration for realistic works such as the movie *Article 20* came from social events. Through the artistic transformation of creators' in-depth insights into the essence of life, the stories finally laid out not only have gripping narrative tension but also accurately cut into social concerns, possessing a penetrating power that directly points to the human heart. The foundation provided by real events can often bear the most realistic and universally meaningful artistic fruits.

Seek resonance from real emotions. The ability of a work to touch people's hearts often depends on the connection of real emotions between the audience and the characters. The movie *Hi, Mom* originated from the real mother-daughter relationship. Through the mother and daughter's mutual efforts, the film expresses the understanding of the life situation of "one wants to support but the parents are no longer there," touching the audience's universal feelings about family affection and regret. No matter how innovative the narrative form is, and no matter whether the theme is joy or sorrow, true feelings are always the "ballast" for the story to stand and move people.

Ultimately, creators must offer full sincerity. This not only requires creators to extract more universally meaningful emotional resonance points from the diversified audience preferences and find those common, eternal, and most heart-stirring spiritual elements; but also requires presenting them with an extremely rigorous and meticulous attitude. *Nezha: Birth of the Demon Child* "made" an amazing box office success. The foundation of its success lies in its almost paranoid creative attitude. From the first to the second film, director Jiaozi (饺子) "worked hard" for 5 years, and the unremitting pursuit of detail and logical truth runs through the entire process. "Every work should be created as if it were the last one." This attitude of awe and pursuit of perfection in creation ultimately earns the high recognition of the audience.

Shao Yihui's (邵艺辉) questioning of "what to tell" and "why to tell" is also about positioning creative value and correcting creative methods under the new era coordinates. Seeking stories from the truth is not only a return to "art comes from life" but also a response to the call of the times and the needs of the audience. Keeping up with the times, abandoning routines, and grasping what the audience needs most are the only ways to find new vitality and the future of film and television art.

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When Chinese Style Meets Opera (From the Standpoint of the Audience)

When I saw the name of the opera "A Record of Dreams in the Eastern Capital," I couldn't help but have two questions in my mind: How could a 40-episode TV series be adapted into a stage play of just over 2 hours? And could an imported art form like opera tell a traditional Chinese story well?

The TV series "A Record of Dreams in the Eastern Capital" is adapted from Guan Hanqing's (关汉卿) Yuan Dynasty zaju masterpiece "Zhao Pan'er Rescues a Courtesan." The opera version extracts the core spirit of not fearing the powerful, continues the modern interpretation of female friendship from the TV series, and cuts off the extraneous details, focusing on telling the story of Zhao Pan'er, Song Yinzhang, and Sun San'niang becoming independent, self-reliant, and helping each other.

As an opera, the work uses instruments to highlight the characteristics of different characters: Zhao Pan'er's musical theme is mainly based on the guzheng, with clarity and resilience; Gu Qianfan's (顾千帆) melody is dominated by the xiao and dizi, chivalrous and free; Song Yinzhang's pipa expresses lingering emotions, gentle and melodious, creating sparks with Western symphony orchestras. The stage design is rich in ancient style, and the artistic presentation of the Song Dynasty's urban scenery makes the audience feel as if they are in the prosperous Bianjing (汴京) city, experiencing the abundance of that time. The stage uses screens to reconstruct time and space, and the actors shuttle back and forth in front of and behind the screens, changing the spatial scenes and projecting the characters' inner joys and sorrows.

After watching the whole show, the fusion of ancient style and opera is very novel, but it is not yet complete and smooth. Taking the lyrics as an example, sometimes ancient poems and classical Chinese short sentences are used, and some paragraphs are mixed with modern vernacular, giving people a sense of separation and abruptness.

(Wan Ge (万鸽), Chaoyang District (朝阳区), Beijing (北京市))

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After Micro-Dramas Slow Down

By: 陈寒冰

The reason for choosing to watch the micro-drama "The Humble Official" is simple: on the trending charts, its name is the shortest. Compared to a host of short dramas that pile up various elements into super-long titles, the name "The Humble Official" sounds like a serious drama. Unexpectedly, it does have some qualities of a serious drama, and it's no wonder that the number of views has exceeded 1 billion.

Most short dramas pursue fragmented expressions of "one exciting moment every 10 seconds" and "every episode must end with a 'hook'," but this drama dares to lay the groundwork for the world in the first five episodes, slowly telling the story of an ordinary person struggling for his family and country. The protagonist, Xu Mu, accidentally travels to a chaotic dynasty, with creditors waving knives outside his door, and his wife Jiang Caiwei's (姜采薇) contract of sale burning in his arms. For a full five episodes, all he can think about is using his winemaking skills to earn a living. Xu Mu doesn't have any "cheat codes," can't eavesdrop on thoughts, and doesn't have any special abilities; he only faces the dire situation of not even being able to afford to cook. In other short dramas, time-travelers have already become "live-in sons-in-law" or "war gods," sweeping across the land, while Xu Mu is a wine seller with a "face covered in dust and soot," living a life of "rising early to tend the overgrown fields, and returning with a hoe under the moonlight." We are used to seeing the easy success of protagonists with "golden fingers," so Xu Mu's arduous "reversal" seems particularly rare.

"The Humble Official" doesn't simplify things, but is willing to tell stories and shape characters in a down-to-earth way. In addition to the protagonist Xu Mu, there is also his wife Jiang Caiwei, who goes from being timid and cowardly to being able to stand on her own, his honest and loyal good brother Si Hu (司虎), the hermit Master Chang (常公子) with idealistic colors, and the struggling and ambivalent minor official Tian Song (田松)... None of them have been "deified," but are moving forward in the mud, leaving clear footprints.

Even the nameless are portrayed, adding a brick to the theme of national sentiment. Before Wangzhou (望州) fell, an old official dragged his sick body to defend the empty city alone, shouting "That year I was twenty-four, wielding a simple knife to repel the enemy" before sacrificing himself; the Tongzi Camp (筒字营) soldiers shouted "If there are any survivors in Wangzhou, please remember my name" before rushing into the rain of arrows, and ultimately collectively died for their country. Without panoramic bombing, the vertical screen's close-up shots can also allow the audience to use their imagination to "fill in" the battlefield scenes.

Although the protagonist doesn't have a "golden finger," "The Humble Official" is still too "idealistic" in some of its plot handling. For example, Xu Mu, as a time-traveler, doesn't encounter any "rejection" when using modern knowledge to run a winery in ancient times. Furthermore, the creators tried to insert complex power struggles in the style of "Nirvana in Fire" (琅琊榜), but due to the limited length of the episodes, they failed to fully develop meticulous plans, leaving viewers who were expecting a "breakthrough in adversity" feeling unsatisfied.

Since micro-dramas became popular, the controversy over their crude content and superficial ideas has never stopped. The exploration of "The Humble Official" makes people sigh: the charm of a drama may not depend on whether it is long or short, horizontal or vertical, but on whether the characters are flesh and blood, and on whether every grain of dust in the story has the weight of life.

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Editor in charge of this page: Hu Yanyan

This edition's email: wenyipl@peopledaily.cn

　　Layout design: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶)

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