Summary: The article highlights Jilin Province's efforts to upgrade its manufacturing sector, focusing on high-end, intelligent, and green development, in line with Xi Jinping's directives from 2020 and 2025. Jilin is focusing on strengthening its industrial chains, promoting technological innovation, and constructing new infrastructure, including 5G networks and IoT devices. These efforts have resulted in increased industrial output and technological advancements, with companies like China FAW reporting breakthroughs in core technologies for new energy vehicles. Jilin aims to leverage its manufacturing foundation to contribute to China's broader goal of becoming a manufacturing powerhouse. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article highlights China's progress in ecological civilization construction and green development, emphasizing improvements in water quality, afforestation efforts, and renewable energy development. The article quotes Ecology and Environment Minister Huang Runqiu pledging to further promote carbon reduction, pollution control, and ecological expansion to support high-quality development and a "beautiful China." It states that China's PM2.5 levels have decreased significantly, and the quality of surface water has improved. The article did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: China has achieved significant environmental improvements, including air quality, desertification reversal, and water quality, making it a global leader in environmental progress. The country's environmental improvements are creating economic value and enabling sustainable development. The article emphasizes the importance of ecological preservation for economic prosperity. Building a "Beautiful China" is crucial for a modern socialist state. By adhering to the "Two Mountains" theory (lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets), China aims for a harmonious balance of ecological beauty, industrial prosperity, and public wealth.
Summary: On September 12, Premier Li Qiang chaired a State Council executive meeting that focused on disaster relief and economic development. The meeting addressed flood prevention and disaster reduction in northern China, emphasizing infrastructure improvements and coordinated responses. It also discussed measures to boost private investment by addressing concerns about market access and support, particularly in emerging sectors. Furthermore, the council aimed to improve overseas comprehensive service systems to support Chinese enterprises' international activities. Finally, the council passed regulations regarding biomedical technologies and their clinical application.
Summary: The 14th NPC Standing Committee concluded its 17th session, passing laws on atomic energy, public health emergencies, national parks, arbitration, legal education, and food safety. Pan Yue was removed from his position as Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, and Chen Ruifeng was appointed to the role. The committee also approved judicial assistance and extradition treaties with Serbia. Personnel changes included the appointment of Deng Rongling as Deputy Secretary-General of the NPC Standing Committee, and Lei Jianbin as Deputy Director of the Basic Law Committees for Hong Kong and Macau. Zhao Leji presided over the closing meeting, which was followed by a lecture on the development of China's low-altitude economy.
Summary: Chinese Vice President Han Zheng presented the 50th Nightingale Awards to Chinese recipients at a ceremony in Beijing. Seven Chinese nurses were awarded, making China the country with the most recipients this year. Vice Premier Liu Guozhong urged nurses to emulate the awardees and contribute to the Healthy China initiative. He Wei, Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, presided over the ceremony, which was also attended by ICRC East Asia head, Stéphane Röösli.
Summary: Since the start of the 14th Five-Year Plan, China's national fiscal policy has strongly prioritized public wellbeing, with over 70% of the national general public budget expenditure allocated to public wellbeing. From 2021 to 2025, the central government's transfer payments aimed at promoting balanced development will grow by an average of 9.6% annually. The central government has increased subsidies to consolidate poverty alleviation achievements and promote rural revitalization, with the scale of funds increasing from 156.5 billion yuan in 2021 to 177 billion yuan in 2025. China's national fiscal policy is not reported to address U.S.-China relations or involve U.S. entities.
Summary: The article highlights the promotion of cultural tourism as a pillar industry across various regions in China, aiming to boost the economy and enhance people's well-being. Domestic tourism saw significant growth in the first half of the year, with a 20.6% increase in travelers and a 15.2% rise in spending. The article uses the image of tourists enjoying the scenery at Chaka Salt Lake in Qinghai Province to illustrate this trend. There is no explicit reference to the United States or U.S.-China relations in the provided text.
Summary: The article reports on the repatriation of the remains of the 12th group of Chinese People's Volunteer Army martyrs from South Korea, emphasizing national remembrance. It also mentions advancements in uranium mining technology ("Guo You Yi Hao"), vital for sustaining nuclear power resources.
Summary: Xi Jinping announced the revised Food Safety Law, passed on September 12, 2025, by the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee, to take effect on December 1, 2025. Separately, Xi Jinping announced the removal of Pan Yue as Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission. Chen Ruifeng was appointed as the new Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission on the same date. The announcements were made on September 12, 2025. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the provided text.
Summary: Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee Zhao Leji presided over the closing meeting of the 17th session of the 14th NPC Standing Committee, during which 6 of 18 reviewed draft laws were passed, including revisions to the Atomic Energy Law, the Law on the Response to Sudden Public Health Events, and the Food Safety Law. Zhao emphasized the importance of studying and preparing for the implementation of these laws. The meeting also reviewed draft laws on promoting ethnic unity and progress, cybersecurity, and enterprise bankruptcy. Zhao mentioned Xi Jinping's Global Governance Initiative, emphasizing its importance in promoting a more just and reasonable global governance system. He further stressed the need to study Xi Jinping's thoughts on diplomacy and to implement relevant laws related to patriotism.
Summary: Chairman Zhao Leji presided over the 50th meeting of the 14th NPC Standing Committee, where revisions to multiple draft laws, including those concerning atomic energy, public health emergencies, national parks, arbitration, legal publicity, and food safety, were reviewed. Xin Chunying, head of the NPC Constitution and Law Committee, reported on the review of these draft amendments. Liu Qi, Secretary-General of the NPC Standing Committee, reported on the review of other proposed voting items. The meeting decided to submit the drafts to the closing session of the 17th meeting of the 14th NPC Standing Committee for a vote. Several vice chairpersons of the NPC Standing Committee were present at the meeting.
Summary: The PRC has passed the "Law on Public Legal Education," effective November 1, 2025, to further Xi Jinping's legal thought and strengthen the socialist legal system. The law emphasizes Party leadership in legal education, the importance of studying the constitution, and the implementation of a responsibility system where those who enforce the law are responsible for publicizing it. It aims to promote a society-wide understanding and respect for the law, incorporating legal education into various levels of education and targeting key demographics like state officials. The law also mandates strengthening the constitution and basic laws education in Hong Kong and Macau.
Summary: The 14th National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee held a constitutional oath ceremony at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. NPC Standing Committee Vice Chairman Losang Jamcan presided over the ceremony, where newly appointed officials, including Deng Rongling as Deputy Secretary-General of the NPC Standing Committee, Lei Jianbin as Deputy Director of the Hong Kong and Macau Basic Law Committees and Deputy Director of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the NPC Standing Committee, and Chen Ruifeng as Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, took their oaths.
Summary: The 17th session of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee has amended the Food Safety Law, introducing a licensing system for the road transport of key liquid foods. The amendment stipulates specific requirements for transporters, including permits, specialized containers, qualified personnel, and appropriate management systems, while also outlining responsibilities for both senders and receivers. It also prohibits falsification of transport records and mandates the use of designated food-grade containers, with penalties for violations. The changes, effective December 1, 2025, also extend existing regulations regarding infant formula milk powder to include infant formula liquid milk. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this document.
Summary: The 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee's 17th session approved the *Treaty between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Serbia on Judicial Assistance in Civil and Commercial Matters*. The treaty was signed on May 8, 2024, in Belgrade by a representative of the People's Republic of China. The agreement focuses on judicial cooperation between the two countries in civil and commercial legal matters. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee's 17th session approved the extradition treaty between China and Serbia, signed in Belgrade on May 8, 2024, by a representative of the People's Republic of China. This decision signals a deepening of legal and security cooperation between the two nations. The treaty likely aims to facilitate the extradition of individuals accused or convicted of crimes in either country. The move could have implications for Chinese citizens residing in or fleeing to Serbia. No specific details about U.S.-China relations are mentioned in this context.
Summary: The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) announced the validation of NPC deputy qualifications for Wang Xinwei and Chen Xiaoji, who were newly elected by Liaoning and Xinjiang respectively. Concurrently, the NPC announced the removal of Wang Lixia, Wang Bin, Wang Qirong, Niu Chao, Ni Qiang, Zhang Lin, Gao Dagang, Wang Zhibin, and Wang Chuning from their positions as NPC deputies due to decisions made by regional and military-related people's congresses. As of September 12, 2025, the 14th NPC has 2910 deputies. The announcement did not mention the United States.
Summary: The article reports the removal of Pan Yue from his position as Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission. Chen Ruifeng has been appointed as the new Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article reports the removal of Hu Xiaoli and Ouyang Changqiong from their positions as Deputy Secretaries-General of the 14th National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee. Deng Rongling was appointed as the new Deputy Secretary-General of the 14th NPC Standing Committee. The article focuses solely on personnel changes within the NPC and makes no mention of U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article, a Xinhua News Agency report from Beijing on September 12th, details personnel changes within the Supreme People's Court. Cui Xianglian was appointed Deputy Director of the Criminal Division V, while Ran Keping, Wu Tao, Luo Guoqiang, and He Haibo were appointed Deputy Directors of the Civil Divisions I, III, IV, and the Administrative Division respectively, also serving as judges. Cheng Fangwei, Fan Xiaorong, Liu Yang, Si Pinhua, Wang Fuqiang, and Ye Qianshan were appointed as judges of the Supreme People's Court. Yu Housen, Guo Xiujiang, Du Guoshun, Lü Yuan, and Qin Baojun were removed from their positions as judges. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Zhang Yong was removed from his positions as Deputy Director of both the Hong Kong and Macau Basic Law Committees under the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee, as well as his role as Deputy Director of the NPC Standing Committee Legislative Affairs Commission. Lei Jianbin was appointed to fill all three of these vacated positions.
Summary: The article announces personnel changes within the Supreme People's Procuratorate. Gao Jingfeng was removed from his positions as a member of the Procuratorial Committee and as a prosecutor. Du Xueyi was appointed as a member of the Procuratorial Committee. Yuan Ming, Song Jianli, Chen Ying, and Li Jingwen were all removed from their positions as prosecutors.
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Summary: To commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory against Japan, overseas Chinese communities are holding memorial activities at anti-Japanese war memorial sites abroad. These events remember fallen heroes and promote peace, with the aim to contribute to world peace and development. Various Chinese officials, including Consul Generals, have participated in events at sites like the Chinese Expeditionary Force Monument in Myanmar and the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army Martyrs Memorial in Russia, with Russia officials also in attendance. The Hong Kong government plans to enhance historical information at anti-Japanese war sites, and the article mentioned that China is willing to work with other countries to protect world peace.
Summary: Former Sri Lankan Prime Minister recalls his family's historical ties with China, highlighting his father's acquaintance with Zhou Enlai and the significance of the 1952 Rubber-Rice Pact. He expresses admiration for the CPC's leadership in the anti-Japanese war and China's subsequent development, which he terms a "Chinese miracle." He emphasizes China's role in promoting global cooperation and aiding developing countries, including Sri Lanka, especially when encountering difficulties. He praises China's advocacy for international solidarity and its commitment to peaceful development in the face of rising hegemony. He expresses hope for continued friendship and cooperation between Sri Lanka and China.
Summary: In Vienna, Austrian President Van der Bellen met with PRC Politburo Member and Foreign Minister Wang Yi, with both conveying greetings from their respective heads of state. Van der Bellen reaffirmed Austria's commitment to the One China Policy and expressed a desire to deepen cooperation in various sectors, including green development, as the two countries approach the 55th anniversary of diplomatic ties. Wang Yi emphasized the importance of upholding the outcomes of WWII, stating that Taiwan's return to China is a crucial component of these outcomes, and opposed any attempts at national division. Wang also mentioned that China is willing to work with Austria to maintain multilateralism and world peace. Wang Yi also held talks with Austrian Foreign Minister Alexander Schallenberg during the visit.
Summary: The 2025 China International Fair for Trade in Services (CIFTIS) featured a health and hygiene services section showcasing advanced medical technologies and digital healthcare solutions. U.S. pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly, a returning exhibitor, highlighted its innovations in areas like cardiovascular health and Alzheimer's disease, noting its collaboration with Xuanwu Hospital and alignment with China's market needs. The exhibition also included Tianjin Perennial Hospital, China's first foreign-owned general hospital, which presented its integrated healthcare and elderly care solutions. The hospital aims to expand medical tourism, attracting patients from Russia, Mongolia, and Southeast Asia. The fair highlighted China's growing silver economy and the potential for international cooperation in healthcare.
Summary: The China International Fair for Trade in Services (CIFTIS) showcased numerous technological innovations, including AI applications in various sectors like retail, construction, e-commerce, education, and logistics. Meituan highlighted its delivery robots and AI retail products, while other companies displayed AI-powered solutions for construction, factory operations, and personalized education. Alibaba's 1688 platform emphasized its AI-driven services for sourcing and procurement. The fair emphasized the integration of AI and other technologies to enhance efficiency and drive innovation across different industries.
Summary: Japanese historian Takashi Ishida, in an interview, discussed his participation in events commemorating the 80th anniversary of China's victory in the Anti-Japanese War, stating that China is sending a message of commitment to world peace and stability through these commemorations. Ishida emphasized China's significant role in WWII and the importance of Japan acknowledging its war responsibility, which he sees as a barrier to lasting peace in East Asia. He praised China's contributions to global development and peace, particularly through the Belt and Road Initiative, contrasting it with actions of countries undermining universal values. Ishida further highlighted the rise of China and other emerging markets as a positive example for global southern countries.
Summary: China's Ministry of Commerce announced that Vice Premier He Lifeng will lead a delegation to Spain from September 14-17 for talks with U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen. The discussions, agreed upon by both sides, will cover economic and trade issues, including U.S. unilateral tariffs, abuse of export controls, and TikTok. This confirms reports originating from the U.S. regarding the meeting.
Summary: Foreign Ministry spokesperson announced that Xi Jinping's special envoy, Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu, will attend Papua New Guinea's 50th Independence Anniversary celebrations from September 15-17 at the invitation of the PNG government. The announcement did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A spokesperson for the Ministry of Commerce stated that China's position on TikTok is consistent, and it will handle the issue according to law, protecting the rights of its companies. China denies requiring companies to collect or provide data in violation of local laws. The spokesperson announced that U.S. and Chinese teams will hold talks on TikTok and other issues. China urges the U.S. to meet it halfway, resolve concerns through dialogue, and provide a fair business environment for Chinese firms like TikTok. These measure are to promote the stable and healthy development of Sino-US trade and economic relations.
Summary: The State Council of PRC issued a revised overall plan for the "Three-North Shelterbelt Project," emphasizing ecological security, afforestation, and high-quality development. The plan outlines three phases of construction, focusing on combating desertification through key battles in regions like the Yellow River and the Hexi Corridor. The project spans 13 provinces and aims to improve ecosystem quality through optimized spatial planning and industrial development. The plan emphasizes national coordination and encourages participation from various entities, including state-owned and private enterprises. The article makes no mention of the United States.
Summary: At a State Council Information Office press conference, officials summarized legal achievements during the 14th Five-Year Plan. Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission Secretary-General Yin Bai stated that China made breakthrough progress in building the rule of law, providing a strong guarantee for economic development and social stability. Supreme People's Court Vice President He Xiaorong mentioned judicial interpretations regarding facial recognition and network consumption. According to the Deputy Minister of Public Security Yang Weilin, the number of criminal cases filed in 2024 decreased by 25.7% year-on-year. There was no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the summary.
Summary: At a State Council Information Office press conference on September 12th, Minister of Finance Lan Fo'an reviewed the achievements of fiscal reforms during the 14th Five-Year Plan, highlighting increased national fiscal strength and efficiency. He noted that fiscal policy has been more proactive, using a wider range of tools to support economic growth, including increased deficit ratios and tax cuts. The Minister stated that the central government allocated nearly 50 trillion yuan in transfer payments to local governments over the past five years, ensuring stable local fiscal operations. Furthermore, Lan Fo'an discussed efforts to manage and resolve local government debt risks, adding that the government debt ratio is at a reasonable level. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: State Councilor and Director of the State Council Working Committee on Disability Affairs Chen Yiqin attended the 2025 China International Welfare Expo in Beijing, emphasizing the need to accelerate technological research and application in the field of disability assistance. She called for the vigorous development of the rehabilitation and assistive device industry to improve the well-being of people with disabilities. Chen highlighted the significant market potential for rehabilitation and assistive devices in China and urged for faster industry development, brand cultivation, and improved subsidy systems. She also advocated for further integration of technology to help people with disabilities participate in society. There was no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the provided text.
Summary: Gao Yan, Party Secretary of Shanglongquan Village, shared her experiences at an event held by the Shanxi Military Region after participating in the recent parade. Gao, a veteran of the 2019 parade, emphasized the difficulty of returning to the parade and the rigorous training involved. Before becoming Party Secretary, Gao was a soldier in the PLA's Guard of Honor, and she credits the military with instilling in her a strong will and sense of responsibility, which she now applies to her village work. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: Chinese state media reports that China-Central Asia freight train trips reached a record high for January-August, with 9,626 trains carrying 751,000 TEUs, up 22.7% and 31.1% year-on-year, respectively. The expansion of rail corridors like the China-Laos Railway and the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route has broadened the reach of the trains to 11 Asian countries. The variety of transported goods has expanded to include new energy vehicles and photovoltaic products from China, and agricultural products and minerals from Central Asia. Transport times have also decreased, exemplified by the China-Lianyungang to Almaty route reducing from over 10 days in 2014 to 6 days now.
Summary: Workers in Gaotai County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province are rapidly harvesting, drying, and transporting seed corn at the Nanhua Industrial Park. The activity is focused on taking advantage of favorable weather conditions. The dried seed corn is being moved to processing plants. No officials or statements are mentioned in the article. The article makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: On September 12, a Chinese Air Force Y-20 transport aircraft, escorted by four J-20 fighters, returned the remains of 30 Chinese People's Volunteer Army (CPVA) soldiers from the Korean War to Shenyang, Liaoning. The remains were greeted with a "water gate" ceremony at the airport and transported to the Shenyang Anti-U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea Martyr Cemetery. The return coincided with the 75th anniversary of the CPVA's participation in the Korean War, a conflict where nearly 200,000 Chinese soldiers died. The article noted that since 2014, China and South Korea have repatriated the remains of 1,011 CPVA soldiers. Several veterans and model workers were present to greet the remains and commemorate the fallen soldiers.
Summary: The remains of 30 Chinese People's Volunteer Army soldiers killed in the Korean War were returned to China from South Korea in a ceremony at Shenyang Taoxian International Airport. Minister of Veterans Affairs, Pei Jinjia presided over the ceremony attended by representatives from various central and local government departments, including the Central Propaganda Department and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. J-20 fighter jets escorted the plane carrying the remains. The remains were transported to the Shenyang Anti-US Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery, with large crowds lining the streets to pay their respects. This repatriation marks the 75th anniversary of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army's participation in the Korean War, with a burial ceremony scheduled for September 13th.
Summary: The Tuntun River in Xinjiang, once heavily polluted due to industrial development, has undergone a comprehensive ecological restoration project initiated in 2016. The collaborative effort involved the city of Urumqi, the 12th Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and Changji Prefecture. Changji Prefecture Party Secretary Li Changjiang highlighted the integration of river management with ecological protection and urban greening, leading to improved flood control, extensive planting, and high green space coverage. The revitalized riverfront has become a popular recreational area and a model for military-civilian integration. Officials emphasize the ongoing conversion of ecological value into economic benefits for the local population.
Summary: Ren Mingjie, a dedicated teacher in a formerly impoverished village in Henan, has earned the trust of the community through his commitment to his students. Parents initially hesitant about the young teacher were won over by his efforts to connect with the children and improve the school. Villagers demonstrated their gratitude through letters and gifts, showcasing their deep appreciation for Ren's dedication, which was further inspired by Xi Jinping's letter to outstanding teachers. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The Jiangsu Yangzhou COSCO Shipping Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. is currently fulfilling a large backlog of shipbuilding orders, including container ships and bulk carriers, extending to 2028. The company is focused on accelerating production to meet these commitments. The provided image shows workers at the company's factory on September 12th. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: The 2025 Yangtze River Culture and Arts Season opened in Wuhan, Hubei on September 12th, co-sponsored by various central and provincial government entities. The event, which runs until October 30th, features 12 main activities including art exhibitions, photography exhibitions, a film week, and a music week. A cultural relics exhibition will showcase historical artifacts. Local theaters will present a variety of performances. The article makes no mention of U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The six provincial capitals of central China – Changsha, Wuhan, Zhengzhou, Hefei, Taiyuan, and Nanchang – signed a cross-regional cooperation agreement on network transaction supervision in Changsha. This agreement aims to deepen collaboration between market supervision departments and platform enterprises in central China to foster a regulated online transaction environment. The agreement focuses on cross-regional business formats like live-streaming e-commerce and community group buying, synchronizing policy interpretation and risk assessment. It establishes a rotating annual meeting mechanism for information sharing, law enforcement assistance, and interactive supervision. The agreement does not mention the United States.
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Summary: A recent press conference highlighted China's significant breakthroughs in uranium exploration and mining during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with the discovery of two extra-large uranium mines. The "Guo You-1" demonstration project in Inner Mongolia, utilizing domestically developed technology, has produced its "first bucket of uranium," marking a new era of green, safe, and efficient uranium resource development, and it is planned to be exported to Central Asia and Africa in the future. This project is significant because domestic uranium needs are expected to triple in the next 15 years. The article emphasizes the importance of securing uranium resources for national energy security and the development of nuclear power.
Summary: China's first offshore carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) demonstration project has achieved a cumulative storage volume exceeding 100 million cubic meters, signaling advancements in the country's technology and engineering capabilities. CCUS, which involves capturing, utilizing, and storing CO2 emissions, is being explored to transform fossil fuels into "zero-carbon" energy sources. The technology is being incorporated into emissions reduction strategies in many countries. While challenges like high costs and insufficient infrastructure remain, China has over 20 CCUS demonstration projects across various industries, and the country's first offshore project in the Pearl River Estuary aims to inject over 1 million tons of CO2 in the next decade to boost crude oil production. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A study by Wang Jiliang of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other domestic researchers analyzed the structure and evolution of methane seepage in an active cold seep area of the Qiongdongnan Basin in the northern South China Sea. The research identified a 12.5-meter sand layer rich in natural gas hydrates, which plays a critical role in methane capture, hydrate formation, and subsequent gas escape through hydraulic fracturing. The findings offer new insights into the mechanisms of natural gas hydrate enrichment and carbon cycling in deep-sea cold seeps. The study also explored the "mud-wrap sand" sedimentary structure common in deep-sea shallow strata and its influence on cold seep activity. The results have been published in *Earth and Planetary Science Letters*.
Summary: A domestically produced photon-counting computed tomography (CT) scanner developed by United Imaging Healthcare has been approved and is undergoing clinical testing at Zhongshan Hospital and Ruijin Hospital. The new CT technology offers higher resolution imaging with significantly reduced radiation exposure compared to traditional CT scans. The scanner's enhanced capabilities allow for earlier and more precise detection of minute lesions and improved analysis of tissue composition, particularly benefiting cardiac imaging. Ruijin Hospital's Director of Radiology Yan Fuhua noted the technology's industry-leading resolution. The development was a collaborative effort involving United Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital, and Ruijin Hospital, supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology.
Summary: A recent study published in *Nature Partner Journals-Climate and Atmospheric Science* suggests that tree planting yields greater climate benefits in tropical regions due to the evergreen nature of trees, increased carbon dioxide absorption, and cooling effects from transpiration. Researchers highlight the importance of transpiration, where trees absorb water and release it into the air, cooling both the tree and the surrounding environment. The study emphasizes finding a "just right" balance of tree planting in each region to maximize positive climate effects, rather than advocating for deforestation in high-latitude areas, given the ecological benefits. The article does not discuss or allude to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to give you an accurate and concise summary tailored for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: To commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, China has released a list of national-level memorial facilities and sites, including the Hongshilaizi Anti-Japanese Base Area. Archaeological work at Hongshilaizi has revealed the hardship and ingenuity of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, including the spartan conditions of their camps, defensive structures, and production areas. The site served as a base of operations and a training ground for anti-Japanese fighters, exemplified by General Yang Jingyu, whose residence contained only a few meager possessions, and a writing brush. The article discusses the importance of remembering the sacrifices and the spirit of the Anti-Japanese War. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: The China Overseas Chinese History Museum displays artifacts donated by Yi Jinzhong, son of Yi Guangyan, a leader of the Thai Chinese anti-Japanese resistance. These items include a photo from Yi Guangyan's memorial service, a blood-stained cheongsam from his assassination, and a funeral banner honoring him as a martyr. Yi Guangyan organized boycotts against Japan and raised funds for China's war effort. The artifacts serve as a testament to the contributions of overseas Chinese to China's resistance against Japan.
Summary: In his 2025 New Year address, Xi Jinping referenced the He Zun bronze artifact, stating the significance of "China" inscribed upon it, symbolizing the 5,000-year Chinese civilization. The article discusses the Zhou people's rise in three stages: establishing their clan through agriculture, establishing their dynasty through strategic governance and military success against the Shang, and establishing their civilization through the creation of the "li yue" (rites and music) system. The Zhou's move to Luoyi and the phrase "zhai zi zhongguo" (dwelling in the central state) laid the foundation for a unified Chinese civilization. The Zhou transitioned from the Shang's focus on spirits to an emphasis on culture and morality, shifting from theocratic rule to a people-centric approach.
Summary: The newly opened Suzhou Archeological Museum aims to reveal historical truths and disseminate archeological knowledge, focusing on artifacts unearthed in Suzhou. The museum showcases archeological processes, tools, and emphasizes the significance of seemingly ordinary pottery shards for understanding daily life and historical context, highlighting their importance in dating sites. Exhibits include pottery shards with inscriptions like "Wu Shi" and "Wu Shi Liang," demonstrating the implementation of standardized systems during the Qin unification and evidencing the Chu state's control over the former Wu-Yue region. The museum aims to cater to both professional archeologists and the general public.
Summary: Sichuan province is conducting its fourth national cultural relic census, using local teams to re-examine over 65,000 previously identified sites and conduct specialized investigations. Discoveries include the Ming Dynasty Shu Duanwang Mausoleum in Chengdu, with its well-preserved tomb and artifacts valuable for studying Ming Dynasty customs, as well as China's first 7000-meter-deep well in Mianyang, which has been protected for its historical and scientific value. Additionally, a section of the Cuiyun Gallery, a historic road lined with ancient cypress trees, was surveyed in Guangyuan, providing valuable evidence for studying the road's history and construction. The census teams have faced challenges in high-altitude and remote areas, requiring specialized equipment and persistent efforts to complete data collection.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: The author recounts a visit with their mother and siblings to the rural Anhui villages where their parents, both teachers, began their careers. They revisited the sites of two former schools, Qilongmiao Elementary and NanYuemiao Elementary, both built on the sites of former temples, where their parents taught in the late 1950s and early 1960s. At both locations, former students recognized the mother, "Teacher Kuai," after many years. The author emphasizes their parents' dedication to their students in a time of poverty, enabling many to later pursue better opportunities after reform and opening up. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article discusses the importance of intuition in writing, drawing parallels to the physicist Yang Zhenning's views on intuition in physics. The author describes writing as a process of rebuilding intuition through experience and overcoming reliance on clichés. They emphasize moving from simple expression to complex techniques and ultimately returning to a more refined simplicity, achieving a deeper connection with the world. The author believes that well-honed intuition allows writers to perceive the world with greater sensitivity, which in turn gives them the ability to produce more meaningful art.
Summary: This article reflects on the author's initial dislike and eventual embrace of Beijing. The author, originally from southern China, initially struggled with the city's size, pollution, and demanding pace of life, and considered leaving. However, witnessing a beautiful sunset and contemplating the historical significance of Beijing, especially the ruins of Jinzhongdu, shifted their perspective. The author came to appreciate the city's rich culture and its transformation into a modern, global metropolis. Ultimately, the author found a sense of belonging and creative inspiration in "New Beijing."
Summary: This article identifies the oil painting "Outside the Window" (窗外) by Qiu Di (丘堤) as residing in the collection of the National Art Museum of China. The article provides basic provenance for the artwork. There is no reported discussion of Chinese politics or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This poem commemorates a historical figure who rallied overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia to financially support China during wartime. Donations poured in, and supplies were transported via the Burma Road to aid the war effort. The figure's actions were framed not as business but as crucial for the survival of the Chinese nation. Later in life, this person contemplated the Taiwan Strait and its reunification with the mainland. The poem concludes by referencing a star named after the individual and the enduring legacy in his hometown, connecting overseas Chinese history with mainland China. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this text.
Summary: This article describes the traditional process of making "zha," a type of preserved food, in a village on the northern shore of Dianchi Lake in Yunnan. A woman named Fang Jie details the meticulous steps involved in making shrimp zha, including the use of specific ingredients like fried rice flour and pickled peppers, and emphasizes the importance of sealing the mixture with rice straw for proper fermentation. She also shared various kinds of zha dishes, showcasing the diverse flavors and colors that can be achieved using the same traditional method. There is no mention of U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The author reflects on the seasonal transition from wheat to rice cultivation in their village, contrasting the characteristics of each crop. They express a personal preference for wheat, associating it with childhood memories and a sense of resilience, while characterizing rice as more somber. The author notes the shift from manual rice planting to the use of machinery, lamenting the loss of traditional methods. The essay concludes with a contemplation on the cyclical nature of farming and the interconnectedness of humans and agriculture. There is no discussion of the United States.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to be able to provide a summary that meets your requirements.
By: 本报记者 汪志球 孟海鹰 门杰伟
FAW Hongqi Prosperity Factory, industrial robot arms stretch and rotate, and a new energy vehicle rolls off the production line every 54 seconds.
In February 2025, when listening to the work report of the Jilin Provincial Party Committee and the Jilin Provincial Government, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must firmly hold on to the foundation of the real economy, coordinate the transformation of traditional industries, the expansion of advantageous industries, and the cultivation of new quality productive forces, and build a modern industrial system that reflects the characteristics of Jilin (吉林)." In July 2020, during his inspection in Jilin (吉林), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must make the real economy, especially the manufacturing industry, solid, excellent, and strong, take the improvement of the entire industrial chain level as the main direction, strengthen the construction of new infrastructure, and accelerate the construction of an integrated innovation platform for industry, academia, and research."
In order to thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech, Jilin (吉林) is accelerating the high-end, intelligent, and green development of manufacturing, and continuously building a modern industrial system that reflects the characteristics of Jilin (吉林). In the first half of this year, the added value of industrial enterprises above the designated size in Jilin Province (吉林省) increased by 7.8% year-on-year, of which the added value of manufacturing increased by 8.5% year-on-year.
Improving the level of the entire industrial chain——
In the production workshop of Guoxing Carbon Fiber Co., Ltd. (国兴碳纤维有限公司), which belongs to Jilin Chemical Fiber Group (吉林化纤集团), the fibers on the production line change from white to black, transforming into flexible and lustrous carbon fiber tows.
"We have established a joint development platform for the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain with many companies to fully expand the application of carbon fiber in key areas such as new energy vehicles, rail transit, and wind and solar power generation," said Song Dewu (宋德武), chairman of Jilin Chemical Fiber Group (吉林化纤集团). Last year, Jilin Chemical Fiber's (吉林化纤) carbon fiber composite products completed a cumulative output value of 880 million yuan, an increase of 117% year-on-year.
Aiming at improving the level of the entire industrial chain, Jilin (吉林) is carrying out precise investment promotion for the industrial chain, introducing leading enterprises, cultivating leading enterprises, driving upstream and downstream industrial support, and accelerating the creation of industrial clusters.
Growing along the chain, Jilin (吉林) is accelerating the improvement of the entire chain of vehicles, parts, and after-sales market around the development direction of the automobile industry; based on the technological advantages of the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所), it has formed an optoelectronic information industry cluster with Changguang Satellite Technology Co., Ltd. (长光卫星技术股份有限公司) as the leader, covering the five major fields of "core, light, star, car, and network" in the upstream and downstream.
Strengthening the construction of new infrastructure——
On the digital production line for assembling bogies of EMU trains at CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co., Ltd. (中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司), employees collaborate with digital intelligent equipment such as intelligent torque and intelligent monitoring.
"Combining artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things to promote the digital transformation of the production line can save 30,000 tons of water per year, and the overall operating cost is reduced by about 20%," said Zhu Yan (朱彦), deputy chief engineer of CRRC Changchun (中车长客).
The world's first hydrogen energy urban train is undergoing a full-load operation test, and the medium- and low-speed maglev train is undergoing a speed-up test... CRRC Changchun's (中车长客) products are exported to more than 20 countries and regions, with a cumulative export of more than 9,000 vehicles.
Strengthening the construction of new infrastructure, Jilin (吉林) is accelerating the promotion of more than 1,000 key "intelligent transformation and digital transformation" projects, building 55,000 5G base stations, 560,000 gigabit passive optical network and above ports, 17.6 million Internet of Things terminal users, 117 "Jilin-1 (吉林一号)" satellites in orbit, 11 national key laboratories, and the Comprehensive Extreme Condition Experimental Device of Jilin University (吉林大学) has been built and put into operation.
Accelerating the construction of an integrated innovation platform for industry, academia, and research——
Touch the button, and the tires "walk sideways"; step on the accelerator, and the car rotates 360 degrees in place. At Changchun Medicar Intelligent Driving Automobile Technology Co., Ltd. (长春麦迪克智行汽车科技有限公司), "sci-fi" cars are becoming a reality.
"Our independently developed automatic wheel intelligent driving chassis technology is equivalent to installing a 'brain' on the wheels and has more than 100 invention patents," said Jin Liqiang (靳立强), chairman of the company and professor at Jilin University (吉林大学). The company has reached cooperation with many leading car companies.
Jilin Province (吉林省) is focusing on building a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market-oriented, and collaborative industry-university-research application to help transform scientific and technological achievements into real productivity.
"The government builds a platform to promote synergy, and enterprises have the confidence to innovate." Qiu Xiantong (邱现东), chairman of China FAW Group Co., Ltd. (中国第一汽车集团有限公司), introduced that through project-based, joint research and development, and other forms, Jilin's (吉林) high-quality scientific, educational, and innovative resources have become a powerful driving force for enterprise development. "In 2024, China FAW (中国一汽) has cumulatively broken through nearly 400 key core technologies, applied for more than 6,000 invention patents, and the output of new energy vehicles has increased by 27% year-on-year."
In 2024, Jilin Province (吉林省) transformed a total of 3,609 scientific and technological achievements, and the transaction value of technology contracts reached 24.1 billion yuan, both of which doubled compared with the previous year; the added value of high-tech manufacturing accounted for 12.3% of the industrial enterprises above the designated size, and the output value of strategic emerging industries accounted for 16.9% of the industrial enterprises above the designated size.
"Jilin (吉林) has unique resource endowments and a good manufacturing foundation. We must keep in mind General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) earnest instructions, **咬定** (yǎo dìng - "bite firmly," to hold firmly to; to be determined) 'manufacturing' and not relax, seize opportunities to continuously inject Jilin (吉林) power into the construction of a manufacturing powerhouse," said Huang Qiang (黄强), secretary of the Jilin Provincial Party Committee (吉林省委).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 寇江泽 董丝雨
The Yangtze River (长江) maintained Class II water quality for five consecutive years, and the Yellow River (黄河) maintained Class II water quality for three consecutive years along its entire length. The Three-North Shelter Forest Program (三北防护林工程) completed 164 million mu of construction tasks, and the world's largest and fastest-growing renewable energy system was built... Across the vast land of China, green development is accelerating, and the green landscape is continuously expanding.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Building ecological civilization is a major plan that concerns the well-being of the people and the future of the nation." "To achieve sustainable development, we must focus on ecological civilization construction."
Thoroughly implementing the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions, all regions and departments have firmly established and practiced the "Two Mountains" concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," and are making every effort to promote ecological civilization construction, promoting high-quality development and creating a high-quality life with high-level protection.
In Yaoguan Town (遥观镇), Changzhou (常州), Jiangsu (江苏) Province, the Wanyan River (宛沿河) ripples with clear water, and the banks are green and lush. "The environment has undergone a great change, and there is a good place for leisure and fitness," said Liu Yuan (刘源), a nearby resident. The local area adheres to systematic governance and source governance, and carries out projects such as river dredging to make the water clearer, the river more beautiful, and the town more livable.
In Chifeng (赤峰), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), the rich green electricity resources and upstream and downstream industrial chains have attracted Dongshan Aluminum's (东山铝业) green, intelligent, and new energy electrolytic aluminum integration project to settle there. "Green electricity resources promote the transformation of 'coal-electricity-aluminum' into 'green aluminum,' reducing carbon emissions from electrolytic aluminum," said Zhang Yiwei (张义卫), the project leader.
Continuously and deeply fighting the tough battle against pollution prevention and control, the people's sense of ecological and environmental gain, happiness, and security has continued to increase.
At the renovation site of the old residential area at No. 61 Xichuan South Road (西川南路61号), Chengxi District (城西区), Xining (西宁), Qinghai (青海) Province, machinery roared, and construction workers were excavating the road surface and updating rainwater and sewage pipe networks. Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," Xining (西宁) has newly built and renovated 270 kilometers of drainage pipe networks, and the quality of the urban water environment has been significantly improved.
China has strengthened pollution prevention and control with unprecedented determination and efforts, and blue skies, white clouds, clear water, and green banks have significantly increased. The average concentration of PM2.5 in cities at the prefecture level and above nationwide has dropped from 46 micrograms/cubic meter in 2015 to 29.3 micrograms/cubic meter in 2024; in 2024, the proportion of sections of national surface water with excellent water quality was 90.4%, exceeding 90% for the first time, an increase of 28.8 percentage points compared with 2012.
Adhering to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, we will build a large pattern of protection and management from mountain tops to the ocean.
Standing at the Macao River (马草河) Protection Station in the Yingjing (荥经) area of the Giant Panda National Park (大熊猫国家公园) in Sichuan (四川), a ring-shaped degraded habitat restoration belt "coils" on the opposite ridge. "This is the bamboo and shrub forest after our artificial thinning, which 'sews' the degraded habitat together to provide a suitable living environment for giant pandas and other wild animals," introduced Fu Mingxia (付明霞), a staff member of the Yingjing County (荥经县) Management and Protection Station of the Giant Panda National Park (大熊猫国家公园荥经县管护总站).
The area of land ecological protection red lines accounts for more than 30% of the land area, and breakthrough progress has been made in the construction of the national park system. The "Mountains and Rivers Project" has cumulatively completed ecological protection and restoration of more than 120 million mu... China is focusing on improving the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems, strictly protecting the most precious natural assets and the most beautiful land, and the ecosystem has been improved on a large scale and with all elements, and the national ecological security barrier has been further strengthened.
Unswervingly follow the path of ecological priority and green development, and coordinate carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth.
In Beilun District (北仑区), Ningbo (宁波), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, photovoltaic power generation panels are neatly arranged on the roof of the digital future factory of Orient Cable (东方电缆), continuously providing green electricity. "The factory has a 12-megawatt photovoltaic matrix, which generates and uses green electricity for its own use and puts the surplus electricity on the grid," introduced Zhang Miao (张苗), assistant to the director of the President's Office of Orient Cable (东方电缆总裁办主任助理).
China's green transformation of economic and social development has achieved remarkable results, and the green background of high-quality development is more distinct. Since the new era, China has supported an average annual economic growth of more than 6.1% with an average annual energy consumption growth rate of 3.3%, becoming one of the countries with the fastest decline in energy consumption intensity in the world. As of 2024, the proportion of clean energy consumption in China's total energy consumption has increased to 28.6%, and a good ecological environment is continuously releasing economic value.
"We must thoroughly implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on ecological civilization, firmly establish and practice the 'Two Mountains' concept, and coordinate carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, so as to support high-quality development with a high-quality ecological environment, and strive to build a beautiful China (中国) with evergreen mountains, clear waters, and fresh air," said Huang Runqiu (黄润秋), Minister of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部部长).
Return to TopBy: 赵 政
With blue skies and fresh air as constants, China has become the country with the fastest improvement in air quality globally; shifting from "desert advancing, people retreating" to "greenery advancing, desert retreating," China contributes 1/4 of the world's new green area; implementing the national "Rivers and Lakes Strategy," the proportion of surface water with excellent water quality sections exceeds 90% for the first time. Today's China has bluer skies, greener lands, and clearer waters, making the vast landscape even more vibrant.
If people do not fail the green mountains, the green mountains will certainly not fail the people. A good ecology itself contains infinite economic value, can continuously create comprehensive benefits, and achieve sustainable economic and social development. Upholding the good mountains, good waters, and good ecology, increasing the ecological "green content," and developing the "gold content" will be more sufficient.
Building a beautiful China is an important goal of building a modern socialist country in all respects. Firmly establishing and practicing the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" ("两山"理念), coordinating high-quality development and high-level protection, we will surely achieve the organic unity of ecological beauty, industrial prosperity, and people's affluence, and let the magnificent rivers and mountains benefit the people.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 12th (北京) -- Premier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) presided over an executive meeting of the State Council on September 12th (国务院), heard reports on the previous flood control and disaster relief work and the improvement of flood control and disaster reduction capabilities in northern regions, deployed a number of measures to further promote the development of private investment, studied and improved the overseas comprehensive service system, and reviewed and approved the "Regulations on the Administration of Clinical Research and Clinical Transformation and Application of New Biomedical Technologies (Draft)".
The meeting pointed out that during this year's critical period for flood control from late July to early August ("七下八上"), some regions experienced frequent extreme heavy rainfall and suffered heavy disasters. Relevant local authorities and departments conscientiously implemented the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and made every effort to do a good job in flood control, typhoon prevention, and disaster relief. Although the critical period for flood control has passed, there are still risks of floods and typhoons. We must always remain vigilant, adhere to the principle of putting the people first and lives first, and make unremitting efforts to do a good job in flood control, disaster relief, and disaster reduction. It is necessary to strengthen departmental coordination and vertical linkage, earnestly do a good job in various tasks such as helping affected people, restoring and rebuilding, and reducing drought and disaster in some areas, and focus on preventing and responding to autumn rain and typhoons. It is necessary to adapt to the new characteristics of changes in rainfall and flood conditions in northern regions, adhere to a problem-oriented approach, vigorously promote the construction of facilities such as river basin flood control projects, urban drainage, meteorological monitoring, and emergency rescue, optimize the scheduling and management of major projects such as reservoirs, and comprehensively improve the capabilities of flood control, disaster relief, and disaster reduction in northern regions.
The meeting pointed out that private investment plays an important role in stabilizing employment and the economy. It is necessary to focus on the prominent issues of concern to enterprises, implement a number of pragmatic measures in expanding access, removing bottlenecks, and strengthening guarantees, and further stimulate the vitality of private investment and promote the development of private investment. It is necessary to broaden the space for private investment and support private capital to increase investment in new quality productive forces, emerging service industries, new infrastructure, and other fields. It is necessary to strictly implement relevant institutional regulations in the field of bidding and tendering, ensure the reserved share of government procurement for small and medium-sized enterprises, and increase the support of central government budgetary investment for private investment projects. It is necessary to create a fair and competitive market environment, eliminate various hidden barriers restricting private investment, strengthen innovation support and financing support, improve the service system, and enable private enterprises to dare to invest and have returns.
The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to focus on providing strong support for enterprises going abroad to participate in international cooperation and competition, and further improve the overseas comprehensive service system. Strengthen coordination and linkage, coordinate service resources in the fields of law, finance, and logistics, enrich service products, build a service platform, support qualified localities to build overseas comprehensive service ports, promote the establishment of overseas comprehensive service stations in key countries, enhance the service functions of business associations, and cultivate a number of professional service institutions with strong cross-border service capabilities.
The meeting pointed out that it is necessary to promote the innovative development of biomedical technology in China, accelerate technological research and development and the transformation and application of achievements, promote the upgrading of the biomedical industry, and focus on shaping new development advantages. It is necessary to adhere to the equal emphasis on development and security, regulate clinical research in accordance with the law, ensure the quality and safety of clinical applications, effectively prevent various risks, and ensure that innovative achievements better enhance the health and well-being of the people.
The meeting also studied other matters.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on September 12th (Reporter Peng Bo (彭波)) The 17th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) Standing Committee concluded at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) in Beijing (北京) on the afternoon of the 12th. The meeting voted and approved the Atomic Energy Law, the Public Health Emergency Response Law, the National Park Law, the newly revised Arbitration Law, the Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law, and the decision on amending the Food Safety Law; decided to remove Pan Yue (潘岳) from the post of Minister of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民族事务委员会), and appointed Chen Ruifeng (陈瑞峰) as the Minister of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民族事务委员会). President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping (习近平) signed Presidential Decrees No. 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, and 57 respectively. Chairman Zhao Leji (赵乐际) presided over the closing meeting.
159 members of the Standing Committee attended the meeting, and the number of attendees met the quorum.
The meeting voted and approved the decision of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) Standing Committee on approving the "Treaty between the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国) and the Republic of Serbia (塞尔维亚共和国) on Judicial Assistance in Civil and Commercial Matters," and the decision on approving the "Extradition Treaty between the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国) and the Republic of Serbia (塞尔维亚共和国)."
The meeting voted and approved the report of the Credentials Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) Standing Committee on the qualifications of individual deputies.
The meeting voted to remove Hu Xiaoli (胡晓犁) and Ouyang Changqiong (欧阳昌琼) from their positions as Deputy Secretaries-General of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) Standing Committee, and appointed Deng Rongling (邓蓉玲) as Deputy Secretary-General of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) Standing Committee; removed Zhang Yong (张勇) from his positions as Deputy Director of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee (香港特别行政区基本法委员会) of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会), Deputy Director of the Macao Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee (澳门特别行政区基本法委员会), and Deputy Director of the Legislative Affairs Commission (法制工作委员会), and appointed Lei Jianbin (雷建斌) as Deputy Director of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee (香港特别行政区基本法委员会) of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会), Deputy Director of the Macao Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee (澳门特别行政区基本法委员会), and Deputy Director of the Legislative Affairs Commission (法制工作委员会).
The meeting also voted and approved other appointment and removal proposals.
Vice Chairpersons of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) Standing Committee Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠), Wang Dongming (王东明), Xiao Jie (肖捷), Zheng Jianbang (郑建邦), Ding Zhongli (丁仲礼), Hao Mingjin (郝明金), Cai Dafeng (蔡达峰), He Wei (何维), Wu Weihua (武维华), Tie Ning (铁凝), Peng Qinghua (彭清华), Zhang Qingwei (张庆伟), Losang Jamcan (洛桑江村), and Shohrat Zakir (雪克来提·扎克尔), and Secretary-General Liu Qi (刘奇) attended the meeting.
State Councilor Chen Yiqin (谌贻琴), President of the Supreme People's Court Zhang Jun (张军), Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate Ying Yong (应勇), responsible comrades of the National Supervisory Commission (国家监察委员会), members of the special committees of the National People's Congress (全国人大), responsible comrades of the standing committees of the people's congresses of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government (各省区市人大常委会), principal responsible comrades of the standing committees of the people's congresses of some sub-provincial cities (副省级城市人大常委会), some deputies to the National People's Congress (全国人大代表), and responsible comrades of relevant departments attended the meeting as observers.
After the closing meeting, the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) Standing Committee held the 18th special lecture, presided over by Chairman Zhao Leji (赵乐际). Chen Zhijie (陈志杰), Academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (中国工程院) and Chairman of the National Air Traffic Management Expert Advisory Committee (国家空管专家咨询委员会), gave a lecture entitled "The Current Situation and Trends of the Development of Low-Altitude Economy in China (我国低空经济发展的现状和趋势)."
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing (北京) on September 12th: The 50th Nightingale Award Ceremony was held at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) in Beijing (北京) on the morning of the 12th. Han Zheng (韩正), the Vice President of the People's Republic of China and Honorary President of the Red Cross Society of China (中国红十字会), presented awards to the Chinese winners.
The Nightingale Award is the highest honor in the international nursing field, established by the International Committee of the Red Cross (红十字国际委员会). This year, a total of 35 nurses from 17 countries received the Nightingale Award. China has 7 outstanding nursing workers who received this honor, making it the country with the largest number of winners in this session. They are: Feng Ling (冯玲), Deputy Chief Nurse of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (武汉大学中南医院); Han Lin (韩琳), Chief Nurse of Gansu Provincial People's Hospital (甘肃省人民医院); Leung Wai Yin (梁伟贤), Senior Medical Volunteer of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Red Cross (香港特别行政区红十字会); Qin Yuling (秦玉玲), Deputy Chief Nurse of the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital (解放军总医院第五医学中心); Tian Li (田丽), Chief Nurse of the Third Central Hospital of Tianjin (天津市第三中心医院); Xing Hong (邢红), Chief Nurse of the Shanghai First People's Hospital (上海市第一人民医院); and Zhang Yulian (张玉莲), Chief Nurse of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital (陕西省人民医院).
Liu Guozhong (刘国中), a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council (国务院副总理), said at the meeting that the 7 winners vividly interpreted the Red Cross spirit of "humanity, fraternity, and dedication" with their fearless sense of responsibility and superb professional skills. He hoped that nursing workers across the country would take the winners as examples, vigorously promote the fine tradition of rescuing the dying and healing the wounded and the Nightingale spirit, actively participate in the construction of a healthy China, and safeguard the health of all people with professional nursing. Red Cross organizations at all levels must thoroughly study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions, keep their original aspirations and missions in mind, deepen reform and innovation, improve the ability to provide humanitarian services, and write a new chapter in the high-quality development of the Red Cross cause in China.
Mr. Gery De Clercq, Head of the East Asia Regional Delegation of the International Committee of the Red Cross (红十字国际委员会东亚地区代表处), attended the conference and delivered a speech.
Winners' representative Feng Ling (冯玲) and young nurse representative Cong Xue (丛雪) spoke at the meeting.
He Wei (何维), Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and President of the Red Cross Society of China (中国红十字会会长), presided over the conference. More than 700 people, including leading comrades from relevant departments of the central and state organs and representatives of medical staff, attended the award ceremony.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on September 12th (Reporter Qu Zhehan (曲哲涵)) - This reporter learned from the Ministry of Finance (财政部) on September 12th that since the "14th Five-Year Plan," the national fiscal policy has been more clearly oriented towards people's livelihoods. Fiscal investment in livelihood areas accounts for more than 70% of the national general public budget expenditure, and funds are used more and more directly for the benefit of the people.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the national general public budget allocated 20.5 trillion yuan for education expenditure, 19.6 trillion yuan for social security and employment expenditure, 10.6 trillion yuan for health expenditure, and 4 trillion yuan for housing security expenditure. Including expenditures in other areas, fiscal investment in people's livelihoods is nearly 100 trillion yuan. This year, the national finance has arranged 100 billion yuan to issue childcare subsidies and 20 billion yuan to gradually promote free preschool education, actively responding to the concerns of the people.
In order to increase the policy and resource inclination towards underdeveloped areas, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the scale of equalization transfer payments increased from 1.9 trillion yuan in 2021 to 2.7 trillion yuan in 2025, with an average annual increase of 9.6%, promoting roughly equal basic public services between urban and rural areas and regions.
In order to keep the bottom line of preventing a return to poverty more secure and consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation, the scale of central government subsidies to promote rural revitalization in connection with poverty alleviation increased from 156.5 billion yuan in 2021 to 177 billion yuan in 2025. The total amount for the five years reached 850.5 billion yuan, an increase of 320 billion yuan compared with the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, an increase of 60%.
(Related reports can be found on page 4)
Return to TopVarious regions are focusing on promoting the high-quality development of the cultural and tourism industry, striving to build it into a pillar industry, a livelihood industry, and a happiness industry. According to statistics, in the first half of this year, the number of domestic tourist trips reached 3.285 billion, a year-on-year increase of 20.6%; tourism expenditure was 3.15 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 15.2%. The picture shows tourists enjoying the beautiful scenery at the Chaka Salt Lake Scenic Area (茶卡盐湖景区) in Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (海西蒙古族藏族自治州), Qinghai Province (青海省).
Photo by Yang Yongwei (杨永伟) (Image China).
Return to TopThe 12th Batch of Remains of Chinese People's Volunteer Army Martyrs in South Korea Returned to China
The Motherland Has Never Forgotten, The People Will Always Remember
Fifth Edition
Science and New Knowledge
"Guo You No. 1" (国铀一号) Complete Uranium Mining Technology Helps Nuclear Power "Granary" to Continuously Replenish
Sixth Edition
Return to TopNo. 56
The "Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending the Food Safety Law of the People's Republic of China" was adopted by the 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on September 12, 2025, and is hereby promulgated and shall take effect on December 1, 2025.
Xi Jinping (习近平), President of the People's Republic of China
September 12, 2025
No. 57
According to the decision of the 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on September 12, 2025:
Pan Yue (潘岳) is removed from the post of Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission;
Chen Ruifeng (陈瑞峰) is appointed as Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission.
Xi Jinping (习近平), President of the People's Republic of China
September 12, 2025
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), September 12)
Return to TopThe Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) held its closing meeting of the 17th session of the 14th National People's Congress (十四届全国人大) Standing Committee on the afternoon of September 12th in Beijing (北京), presided over by Zhao Leji (赵乐际), Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会). Zhao Leji (赵乐际) delivered a speech after the meeting completed the relevant voting items.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) said that this meeting deliberated 18 draft laws and passed 6 of them. The Atomic Energy Law is of great significance for ensuring the peaceful development and utilization of atomic energy and promoting the healthy and sustainable development of the atomic energy industry. The Law on Responding to Public Health Emergencies standardizes the response system and mechanism according to law, improves response capabilities, and better protects the safety and health of the people. The National Park Law makes comprehensive provisions for high-quality promotion of national park construction from the aspects of layout and establishment, protection and management, participation and sharing. The Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law summarizes the achievements and experience of 40 years of national legal education, and makes legal norms for upholding integrity and innovation and deepening the work of publicity and education on the rule of law. The revised Arbitration Law further improves the arbitration legal system with Chinese characteristics that is compatible with international common rules, which is conducive to ensuring fair and timely arbitration of economic disputes. The decision on amending the Food Safety Law focuses on outstanding problems, strengthens regulatory measures, and firmly **守住食品安全底线** (shǒu zhù shí pǐn ān quán dǐ xiàn - "guard the bottom line of food safety," to maintain the minimum acceptable standard for food safety). Relevant parties should conscientiously do a good job in studying, publicizing, and preparing for the implementation of the above-mentioned laws, and promptly issue supporting regulations and safeguard measures to ensure the comprehensive and effective implementation of the laws.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) emphasized that this meeting initially deliberated the draft Law on Promoting Ethnic Unity and Progress, which will transform the major theoretical and practical achievements of the Party (党) in ethnic work into national will through national legislation, improve the institutional mechanism for forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, and further enhance the cohesion and centripetal force of the Chinese nation. The meeting conducted initial deliberations on the draft amendment to the Cybersecurity Law and the draft revision to the Enterprise Bankruptcy Law, and continued to deliberate on the draft general rules of the Environmental Code, the draft ecological protection code, and the draft green and low-carbon development code. Relevant parties should carefully study relevant opinions and improve the draft well.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) pointed out that the meeting heard a report from the General Office of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会办公厅) on the special research on several important issues in the preparation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五规划) outline. The special research provides a reference for the decision-making of the Party Central Committee (党中央) and the preparation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五规划) by the State Council (国务院), and also makes necessary preparations for the 4th session of the 14th National People's Congress (十四届全国人大) next year to review and approve the planning outline.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) emphasized that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) first proposed the Global Governance Initiative at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (上合组织) Tianjin (天津) Summit, which aims to promote the construction of a more just and reasonable global governance system. It is necessary to thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) diplomatic thought, comprehensively and accurately grasp the great significance, rich connotation, and practical requirements of the Global Governance Initiative and the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, and combine responsibilities to implement them in the foreign affairs work of the National People's Congress (全国人大). It is necessary to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech at the commemoration of the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War and the reception, carry forward the great spirit of the War of Resistance, promote the correct view of the history of World War II, fulfill the legislative, supervisory, and other responsibilities of the National People's Congress (全国人大), promote the effective implementation of laws such as the Constitution and the Law on Patriotic Education, and the Law on the Protection of Heroes and Martyrs, and promote patriotism to become the firm belief, spiritual strength, and conscious action of all the people.
Return to TopBeijing, September 12th (Reported by Peng Bo (彭波) from this newspaper) The 50th Chairperson's Meeting of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee was held at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) in Beijing (北京) on the afternoon of the 12th. Chairman Zhao Leji (赵乐际) presided over the meeting.
The meeting heard reports from Xin Chunying (信春鹰), Chairperson of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Constitution and Law Committee, on the deliberation of the revised draft of the Atomic Energy Law, the deliberation of the revised draft of the Public Health Emergency Response Law, the deliberation of the revised draft of the National Park Law, the deliberation of the revised draft of the Arbitration Law, the deliberation of the revised draft of the Law on Public Awareness and Education of the Rule of Law, and the deliberation of the revised draft of the decision to amend the Food Safety Law, and deliberated on the voting drafts of relevant bills.
The meeting heard a report from Liu Qi (刘奇), Secretary-General of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, on the deliberation of other matters proposed for voting.
The Chairperson's Meeting decided to submit the aforementioned draft laws and other matters to the closing meeting of the 17th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee for voting.
Vice Chairpersons of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠), Wang Dongming (王东明), Xiao Jie (肖捷), Zheng Jianbang (郑建邦), Ding Zhongli (丁仲礼), Hao Mingjin (郝明金), Cai Dafeng (蔡达峰), He Wei (何维), Wu Weihua (武维华), Tie Ning (铁凝), Peng Qinghua (彭清华), Zhang Qingwei (张庆伟), Lobsang Gyaltsen (洛桑江村), and Shohrat Zakir (雪克来提·扎克尔) attended the meeting.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张 璁
On September 12, 2025, the 17th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee voted to adopt the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law" (中华人民共和国法治宣传教育法). President Xi Jinping (习近平) signed Presidential Decree No. 55 to promulgate it, which will take effect on November 1, 2025. Recently, the persons in charge of the Legislative Work Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会法制工作委员会) and the Ministry of Justice (司法部) answered questions from reporters on relevant issues.
Q: Please introduce the background and significance of formulating the Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law.
A: Publicity and education on the rule of law is a long-term and fundamental task for comprehensively advancing the rule of law. Since 1985, the state has carried out publicity and education on the rule of law among all citizens in a planned and step-by-step manner with a five-year cycle, and has successively issued eight five-year plans for popularizing the law. After 40 years of unremitting efforts, especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的十八大), the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平同志) at its core has made a series of major decisions and deployments on comprehensively advancing the rule of law. Publicity and education on the rule of law in the new era and on the new journey have been comprehensively innovated and developed. The study and publicity of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution as its core has been carried out in depth. The responsibility system of "whoever enforces the law publicizes the law" has been widely implemented. Socialist rule of law culture has flourished. The rule of law awareness of the whole society has been significantly enhanced. The legal literacy of all people has been comprehensively improved, and the level of legalization of social governance has been significantly improved. China's universal law popularization can be called a great initiative in the history of human rule of law, fully demonstrating the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics.
The formulation of the Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law is a major measure to thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law. "Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law" is included in the law for the first time, taking the study and publicity of Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law as the primary task of publicity and education on the rule of law, promoting Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law to be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and further consolidating the ideological foundation for building a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and building a socialist rule of law country. The formulation of the Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law is an urgent requirement to consolidate the social foundation for comprehensively advancing the rule of law. Through national legislation, the socialist rule of law spirit is promoted, the rule of law belief is cultivated, and legal knowledge is disseminated throughout the whole society, so that respecting the law, studying the law, abiding by the law, and using the law become the common pursuit of all people, and the rule of law becomes the way of thinking and behavior of all people, creating a good rule of law environment for comprehensively building a modern socialist country. The formulation of the Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law is a realistic need to summarize the 40 years of practical experience in universal law popularization and strengthen and improve the work of publicity and education on the rule of law. Promoting and guaranteeing the work of publicity and education on the rule of law in the new era to adhere to integrity and innovation, improve quality and efficiency, and develop in an all-round way through the rule of law is of great significance for promoting the construction of a socialist rule of law country with a higher level.
Q: What main principles were followed in the legislative work of publicity and education on the rule of law?
A: The legislation on publicity and education on the rule of law adheres to Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as guidance, thoroughly studies and implements Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law and General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on the work of publicity and education on the rule of law, and pays attention to grasping the following working principles: First, adhere to the leadership of the Party. Looking back on the development process of publicity and education on the rule of law, adhering to the leadership of the Party is the primary principle and also the basic experience. The legislation on publicity and education on the rule of law must guarantee the Party's comprehensive leadership over the work of publicity and education on the rule of law from the system and the law to ensure the correct political direction. Second, adhere to the people's position. Focusing on meeting the growing legal needs of the people, the legislative process pays attention to listening to the opinions and suggestions of all industries, all fields, especially the grassroots people and the grassroots law popularization team, and truly achieves legislation for the people, relying on the people, and serving the people. Third, adhere to the practice orientation. Focus on building a social pattern of universal law popularization, combining publicity and education on the rule of law with legislation, law enforcement, justice, and legal services, and integrating it into the practice of the rule of law, grassroots governance, and daily life. Fourth, adhere to integrity and innovation. Comprehensively summarize the successful experience of the eight five-year plans for popularizing the law, improve the working mechanism, innovate and enrich the content and form, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of publicity and education on the rule of law.
Q: What institutional measures does the Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law focus on?
A: The Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law follows the characteristics and laws of publicity and education on the rule of law, focuses on guaranteeing and promoting the widespread, in-depth, lasting, and effective development of publicity and education on the rule of law, and mainly stipulates the following institutional measures:
First, it stipulates the leadership system and mechanism of publicity and education on the rule of law. It clarifies that publicity and education on the rule of law adheres to the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), and improves the working mechanism of Party committee leadership, people's congress supervision, government leadership, multi-party coordination, and social participation; the state prepares a national plan for publicity and education on the rule of law, and provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government formulate relevant plans for their respective administrative regions.
Second, it stipulates rich content of publicity and education on the rule of law. Including: Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, the provisions, principles, and spirit of the Constitution, the principles of the rule of law, legal systems, and legal knowledge, the practice and achievements of comprehensively advancing the rule of law, socialist rule of law culture, and outstanding traditional Chinese legal culture.
Third, it stipulates that state organs implement the responsibility system of popularizing the law in accordance with the spirit of "whoever enforces the law publicizes the law." It clarifies that the judicial administration department is in charge of the work of publicity and education on the rule of law, and state organs and armed forces, political parties and mass organizations, and institutions have the obligation to carry out publicity and education on the rule of law in combination with their respective responsibilities, and encourages and supports enterprises, other organizations, and individuals to carry out and participate in publicity and education on the rule of law.
Fourth, it emphasizes that publicity and education on the rule of law is education for all people. It implements a lifelong legal education system for citizens, and incorporates legal education into the national education, cadre education, and social education systems; at the same time, it takes the "key minority" and the "future majority" as the key targets of publicity and education on the rule of law, promotes state functionaries to take the lead in respecting the law, studying the law, abiding by the law, and using the law, and insists on starting publicity and education on the rule of law from adolescents.
Fifth, it requires relevant departments, units, news media, and network service providers to innovate the forms and methods of publicity and education on the rule of law, carry out publicity and education on the rule of law accurately according to the legal needs of different regions, industries, and groups, and stipulates the guarantee and supervision measures to support the effective development of publicity and education on the rule of law.
Q: What provisions does the Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law make for strengthening constitutional publicity and education?
A: The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country and also an important content of publicity and education on the rule of law. This law mainly makes the following provisions on the publicity and education of the Constitution:
First, it stipulates that the state strengthens constitutional publicity and education, promotes the normalization and long-term effectiveness of constitutional publicity and education, enhances the constitutional awareness of the whole society, promotes the constitutional spirit, and strengthens the implementation of the Constitution. At the same time, summarizing the experience and practices since the establishment of the National Constitution Day in 2014, it stipulates that December 4 every year is the National Constitution Day, and the state carries out constitutional publicity and education activities in various forms.
Second, it stipulates that the state strengthens the publicity and education of the Constitution and the Basic Laws of the Special Administrative Regions, and enhances the awareness of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (香港特别行政区) compatriots and Macao Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区) compatriots to safeguard the constitutional order of the Special Administrative Regions determined by the Constitution and the Basic Laws.
Third, it highlights the key role of state functionaries in constitutional publicity and education, and stipulates that the state strengthens constitutional publicity and education for state functionaries, and state functionaries should strengthen the study of the Constitution. At the same time, summarizing the experience and practices since the implementation of the constitutional oath system, it stipulates that the state implements the constitutional oath system, demonstrating the authority of the Constitution and encouraging and educating state functionaries to be loyal to the Constitution, abide by the Constitution, and safeguard the Constitution.
Q: In order to ensure the effective implementation of the Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law, what work will relevant parties carry out?
A: The Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law is the basic law for the work of universal law popularization. In order to ensure the effective implementation of this law, the Ministry of Justice (司法部) will work with relevant parties to do the following work: First, increase the efforts of study and publicity. Take various forms to carry out all-round publicity and interpretation of the legislative purpose, important significance, and core content, so as to create a good environment for the smooth implementation of the law. Second, strengthen the construction of supporting systems. Promote all localities and departments to establish and improve the regulations and policy provisions for promoting publicity and education on the rule of law in the new era, and further refine and implement the content of publicity and education on the rule of law. Third, scientifically plan the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" for popularizing the law. Combining the goals and tasks of the rule of law construction during the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" period, clarify the overall thinking, key content, main measures, and guarantee mechanisms for the work of publicity and education on the rule of law in the next five years. Fourth, deeply implement the action to enhance the legal literacy of citizens. Taking the implementation of the law as an opportunity, coordinate and promote the enhancement of the legal literacy of various groups, and transform legal requirements into the legal behavior habits of all people through the combination of system guarantee and practical guidance. Fifth, strengthen the implementation of work. Guide, promote, and urge all localities and departments to conscientiously implement the Law on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law, coordinate research to solve specific problems in the implementation process, and ensure that the provisions of the law are implemented and achieve practical results.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on September 12th (Reporter Peng Bo (彭波)) The 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee held a constitutional oath ceremony at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) in Beijing (北京) on the afternoon of the 12th. Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, Losang Jamcan (洛桑江村), presided over and supervised the oath.
The 17th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, which just concluded, appointed Deng Rongling (邓蓉玲) as Deputy Secretary-General of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, and Lei Jianbin (雷建斌) as the Sixth Deputy Director of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee (香港特别行政区基本法委员会) of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, the Sixth Deputy Director of the Macao Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee (澳门特别行政区基本法委员会) of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, and Deputy Director of the Legislative Affairs Commission (法制工作委员会) of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee; it was decided to appoint Chen Ruifeng (陈瑞峰) as the Minister of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民族事务委员会). According to the Constitution and the decision of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee on implementing the constitutional oath system, the above-mentioned personnel took the constitutional oath in accordance with the law.
Relevant responsible comrades from the National People's Congress (全国人大) agencies and the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民族事务委员会) participated in the oath-taking ceremony.
Return to TopThe Seventeenth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress (第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会) decided to make the following amendments to the "Food Safety Law of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国食品安全法)":
1. Four paragraphs are added to Article 41 as the second to fifth paragraphs: "The state implements a licensing system for road bulk transportation of key liquid foods. Road transport operators engaged in bulk transportation of key liquid foods shall have special transport containers, operators, and management systems that meet food safety requirements, and shall obtain a transport permit issued by the food safety supervision and management department of the local people's government at or above the county level in accordance with the law.
"When transporting key liquid foods in bulk by road, the consignor shall check the transport permit of the road transport operator and verify whether the transport container meets food safety requirements; the consignee shall check the transport permit and transport records of the road transport operator, and verify whether the seal of the transport container is intact; the road transport operator shall spray a special food label on the conspicuous position of the transport container, use the transport container in accordance with relevant national regulations, and clean it in a timely manner, and strictly prohibit the loading of other substances other than food.
"No unit or individual may forge, alter, or use forged or altered road bulk transportation records, transport container cleaning certificates, or other documents for key liquid foods.
"The specific management regulations for road bulk transportation of key liquid foods shall be formulated by the food safety supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院) in conjunction with relevant departments of the State Council (国务院). The catalog of key liquid foods shall be formulated and adjusted by the food safety supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院) in conjunction with relevant departments of the State Council (国务院), and shall be submitted to the State Council (国务院) for approval and promulgation."
2. In Articles 81, 82, and 124, "infant formula milk powder" is followed by "infant formula liquid milk."
3. Three paragraphs are added to Article 132 as the second to fourth paragraphs: "If a road transport operator violates the provisions of this Law and fails to conduct bulk transportation of key liquid foods as required, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph; if the circumstances are serious, in addition to revoking the license, a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan and not more than 500,000 yuan shall also be imposed.
"If a person violates the provisions of this Law by engaging in road bulk transportation of key liquid foods without obtaining a transport permit, the food safety supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the county level shall order the cessation of road bulk transportation of key liquid foods, confiscate the illegal income, and impose a fine of not less than 50,000 yuan and not more than 500,000 yuan.
"If a person violates the provisions of this Law by forging, altering, or using forged or altered road bulk transportation records, transport container cleaning certificates, or other documents for key liquid foods, or fails to fulfill the relevant inspection and verification obligations for road bulk transportation of key liquid foods, the food safety supervision and management departments of the people's government at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, order corrections and give a warning; if the person refuses to make corrections, a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan and not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed."
This decision shall take effect on December 1, 2025.
The "Food Safety Law of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国食品安全法)" shall be amended accordingly based on this decision and re-promulgated.
Return to TopThe 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress decided to approve the "Treaty between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Serbia on Judicial Assistance in Civil and Commercial Matters," signed in Belgrade on May 8, 2024, by the representative of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国).
Return to TopThe 17th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress decided to ratify the "Extradition Treaty between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Serbia," signed in Belgrade on May 8, 2024, by the representative of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国).
Return to TopThe 17th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th People's Congress of Liaoning Province elected Wang Xinwei (王新伟) as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The 23rd meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th People's Congress of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区) elected Chen Xiaojiang (陈小江) as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The 17th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress, based on the report submitted by the Credentials Committee, confirmed the validity of the qualifications of Wang Xinwei (王新伟) and Chen Xiaojiang (陈小江) as deputies.
The Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) decided to remove Wang Lixia (王莉霞) from her position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Jiangsu Province (江苏省) decided to remove Wang Bin (王斌) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Anhui Province (安徽省) decided to remove Wang Qirong (王启荣) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Henan Province (河南省) decided to remove Niu Chao (牛超) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Hainan Province (海南省) decided to remove Ni Qiang (倪强) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Military Representatives Assembly of the Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission (中央军委后勤保障部) decided to remove Zhang Lin (张林) and Gao Daguang (高大光) from their positions as deputies to the 14th National People's Congress. The Military Representatives Assembly of the Army decided to remove Wang Zhibin (汪志斌) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Military Representatives Assembly of the People's Armed Police Force (武警部队) decided to remove Wang Chunning (王春宁) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses at All Levels," the qualifications of Wang Lixia (王莉霞), Wang Bin (王斌), Wang Qirong (王启荣), Niu Chao (牛超), Ni Qiang (倪强), Zhang Lin (张林), Gao Daguang (高大光), Wang Zhibin (汪志斌), and Wang Chunning (王春宁) as deputies are terminated.
As of now, the 14th National People's Congress has 2,910 deputies.
This is hereby announced.
Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
September 12, 2025
Return to TopRemoved Pan Yue (潘岳) from the post of Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission;
Appointed Chen Ruifeng (陈瑞峰) as Director of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission.
Return to TopRemoved Hu Xiaoli's (胡晓犁) and Ouyang Changqiong's (欧阳昌琼) positions as Deputy Secretaries-General of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress;
Appointed Deng Rongling (邓蓉玲) (female) as Deputy Secretary-General of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress.
Return to TopI. Appoints Cui Xianglian (崔祥莲) (female) as the Deputy Presiding Judge of the Fifth Criminal Division of the Supreme People's Court.
II. Appoints Ran Keping (冉克平) as the Deputy Presiding Judge and Judge of the First Civil Division of the Supreme People's Court.
III. Appoints Wu Tao (吴韬) as the Deputy Presiding Judge and Judge of the Third Civil Division of the Supreme People's Court.
IV. Appoints Luo Guoqiang (罗国强) as the Deputy Presiding Judge and Judge of the Fourth Civil Division of the Supreme People's Court.
V. Appoints He Haibo (何海波) as the Deputy Presiding Judge and Judge of the Administrative Adjudication Division of the Supreme People's Court.
VI. Appoints Cheng Fangwei (程方伟), Fan Xiaorong (范晓荣), Liu Yang (刘洋), Si Pinhua (司品华), Wang Fuqiang (王富强), and Ye Qianshan (叶黔山) as Judges of the Supreme People's Court.
VII. Removes Yu Housen (于厚森), Guo Xiujiang (郭修江), Du Guoshun (杜国顺), Lü Yuan (吕媛) (female), and Qin Baojun (秦保军) from their positions as Judges of the Supreme People's Court.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), September 12)
Return to TopRemoved Zhang Yong (张勇) from the positions of Deputy Director of the Sixth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, Deputy Director of the Sixth Macao Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and Deputy Director of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.
Appointed Lei Jianbin (雷建斌) as Deputy Director of the Sixth Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, Deputy Director of the Sixth Macao Special Administrative Region Basic Law Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and Deputy Director of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.
Return to TopI. Gao Jingfeng (高景峰) is removed from the position of member of the Procuratorial Committee and Procurator of the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
II. Du Xueyi (杜学毅) is appointed as a member of the Procuratorial Committee of the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
III. Yuan Ming (元明), Song Jianli (宋建立), Chen Ying (陈颖), and Li Jingwen (李景文) are removed from the position of Procurator of the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
Return to TopBy: 倪光辉 胡家升
The early autumn wind, carrying a message, crossed mountains and seas, gently knocking on the hearts of overseas Chinese.
On August 29, the State Council issued a notice announcing the fourth batch of 34 national-level memorial facilities and sites of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, including 4 overseas memorial facilities. At this moment, Chinese sons and daughters all over the world were moved and inspired.
To commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, many overseas Chinese gathered at the overseas memorial facilities to carry out commemorative activities, deeply cherishing the memory of the anti-Japanese martyrs and the deceased compatriots, telling the stories of the War of Resistance, promoting the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and injecting positive energy into world peace and development.
Remembering History
On August 7, the sky over the suburbs of Myitkyina, Myanmar, was clear. The Consulate General of China in Mandalay organized the Myitkyina Yunnan Compatriots Association to jointly organize representatives of all overseas Chinese groups and communities in Myitkyina, representatives of Chinese-funded enterprises, and all teachers and student representatives of Yucheng School, a total of more than 200 people, to come to the Chinese Expeditionary Force Monument to mourn the Chinese Expeditionary Force soldiers who heroically sacrificed themselves in the World Anti-Fascist War.
In the 1940s, at the request of the British government, China sent an expeditionary force to Myanmar to fight against Japan, containing and eliminating a large number of Japanese troops, making important contributions to the Asian-Pacific battlefield and the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War.
"It is of great significance to hold commemorative activities on the land where the expeditionary soldiers fought bloody battles in those years at this important historical moment of the 80th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. This is not only a deep remembrance of history, but also an inheritance and promotion of the great spirit of the War of Resistance and internationalism," said Liu Bentong, chairman of the Myitkyina Yunnan Compatriots Association.
In Rabaul, Papua New Guinea, a South Pacific island nation, there is a cemetery for Chinese anti-Japanese soldiers and deceased compatriots. During World War II, more than 1,600 Chinese prisoners of war were transported to Rabaul to become laborers, and more than 600 Chinese anti-Japanese soldiers and compatriots were buried here, some of whom belonged to the "Eight Hundred Heroes" who defended the Sihang Warehouse during the Battle of Shanghai.
On August 17, a delegation composed of the Ministry of Veterans Affairs, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the National Cultural Heritage Administration and other departments came to Rabaul.
"We are here to pay our respects and cherish the memory of the martyrs in order to better remember history and gather the strength to create the future," said a member of the delegation.
On the coast of Tsam Chuk Wan in Sai Kung, Hong Kong, a monument in the shape of a rifle is particularly eye-catching. The inscription on the base tells the story of the Hong Kong Kowloon Independent Brigade of the Dongjiang Column fighting against the Japanese invaders. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Hong Kong Kowloon Independent Brigade was established in Sai Kung. Many Sai Kung residents joined the anti-Japanese activities, and more than a thousand team members were fearless and undaunted, fighting against the enemy.
On August 30, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government held an event at the Tsam Chuk Wan Anti-Japanese War Memorial Park to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Chief Executive John Lee (李家超) said that the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government will add commemorative plaques and historical information to the anti-Japanese war sites to allow the public to have a more comprehensive understanding of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the great significance of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
Cherishing Peace
On August 14, at the unveiling ceremony of the Nanyang Volunteer Drivers and Mechanics Memorial Park and the Nanyang Volunteer Drivers and Mechanics Memorial Hall in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, people from all walks of life and local people braved the rain to lay wreaths and flowers at the Selangor Overseas Chinese Volunteer Drivers and Mechanics Memorial Monument in the memorial park.
In the park, the solemn Selangor Overseas Chinese Volunteer Drivers and Mechanics Memorial Monument stands quietly. Behind it is a curved memorial wall, on which are engraved the names of more than 3,000 Nanyang Overseas Chinese Volunteer Drivers and Mechanics.
"My grandfather Zhu Songsheng (朱松胜) was a Nanyang Overseas Chinese Volunteer Driver and Mechanic. In those years, he falsely reported his age and returned to China to support the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, driving on the Burma Road under the heavy bombing of enemy planes," said Liang Heng from Nanning, Guangxi, pointing to his grandfather's name on the memorial wall. "Peace is hard-won, we must cherish it!"
From 1939, under the call of patriotic overseas Chinese leader Tan Kah Kee (陈嘉庚), more than 3,000 Nanyang Overseas Chinese Volunteer Drivers and Mechanics returned to China to support the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, driving trucks on the Burma Road to rush to transport military supplies and repair transport vehicles, ensuring the "lifeline of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression." Among them were teachers, doctors, businessmen, and engineers, many of whom were from wealthy families. According to statistics, more than 1,000 Nanyang Overseas Chinese Volunteer Drivers and Mechanics gave their precious lives, with an average of one person sacrificing per kilometer, making indelible contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
At the unveiling ceremony, Malaysian Minister of Transport Loke Siew Fook (陆兆福) said: "Although World War II ended 80 years ago, we must resolutely oppose any behavior that does not respect peace."
On June 20, the "September 20th" Anti-Japanese Heroes Monument, surrounded by green pines and cypresses, was solemn and solemn.
The Chinese Embassy in Indonesia and the Consulate General in Medan held an event in Tanjung Morawa Town, North Sumatra Province, to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and laid a wreath at the "September 20th" Anti-Japanese Heroes Monument.
Chinese Ambassador to Indonesia Wang Lutong (王鲁彤) said emotionally: "For 80 years, China has unswervingly followed the path of peaceful development and has always been a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a maintainer of the international order. China is willing to work with all peace-loving countries in the world to build a harmonious world of lasting peace and common prosperity."
Shared Destiny
The Chinese people supported the main eastern battlefield of the World Anti-Fascist War with huge national sacrifices, making significant contributions to the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War.
Carrying out activities to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression is to tell people not to forget history and cherish peace, and to convey a concept to the world - the future and destiny of every nation and every country are closely linked together, and we should share weal and woe, share honor and disgrace, and work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
Before the Qingming Festival, in the northern suburbs of Manila, the capital of the Philippines, the Chinese Cemetery was shaded by green trees and birds were chirping. More than 200 Filipino overseas Chinese anti-Japanese martyrs are buried here.
Just the day before the tomb sweeping, the staff of the Philippine Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Memorial Hall received a call from a descendant of a soldier of the Philippine Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Detachment, entrusting her to lay a wreath at the monument on her behalf, and told her that in the current international situation of intertwined changes and chaos, only when people jointly cherish peace, mutually benefit and cooperate, and have friendly exchanges, can they best comfort these anti-Japanese martyrs, and it is also the best commemoration of the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War.
In Khabarovsk, a far eastern city in Russia, there is a little-known story of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army.
In 1941, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army of China reached a critical moment of life and death under the encirclement of the Japanese invaders. At the critical moment, the Soviet military and civilians opened their arms to the soldiers of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army. The Chinese Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army Teaching Brigade (the 88th Independent Infantry Brigade of the Far Eastern Front of the Soviet Red Army) was thus born in 1942, writing a beautiful story of mutual assistance and shared destiny between the Chinese and Soviet people.
On August 28, 2025, the completion and opening ceremony of the memorial facility for the martyrs of the Chinese Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army Teaching Brigade was grandly held in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia. Jiang Xiaoyang (姜笑洋), Consul General of China in Khabarovsk, Melnikov, Deputy Governor of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, and more than 100 representatives from all walks of life attended the ceremony to jointly cherish the memory of the anti-Japanese martyrs and the deceased compatriots of China and Russia.
"The Chinese Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army Teaching Brigade is a glorious symbol of the Chinese and Russian people joining hands to fight against fascism. We will continue to protect the common historical memory of both sides and promote the correct view of the history of World War II," said Jiang Xiaoyang (姜笑洋).
It is understood that there are currently more than 100 Chinese people's anti-Japanese war memorial facilities and sites overseas, mainly including more than 30 in Myanmar, India, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Russia and other countries, and more than 80 in Hong Kong and Macao.
"The anti-Japanese war memorial facilities are important carriers for clarifying the facts and contributions of the Chinese people's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, demonstrating that China has always been committed to practicing the maintenance of world peace and tranquility, and promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. We will continue to protect, manage and utilize the overseas anti-Japanese war memorial facilities, tell the stories of the anti-Japanese war memorial facilities, organize tomb sweeping and commemorative activities, and promote the great spirit of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression," said the relevant person in charge of the Commendation and Memorial Affairs Department (International Cooperation Department) of the Ministry of Veterans Affairs.
Return to TopBy: 迪内什·古纳瓦德纳
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. For Sri Lanka, that history is equally unforgettable. I often recall the stories my father told me: In the 1940s, Japanese warplanes bombed Colombo (科伦坡) harbor and nearby towns, and my father narrowly escaped danger. At that time, the people of Sri Lanka truly felt the cruelty of war. Countless families lost loved ones, and many young people joined the resistance. That is our shared memory of suffering.
It is because of this that I have sincere respect for the great sacrifices made by the Chinese people in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) promoted the establishment of the Anti-Japanese National United Front with outstanding political leadership, united people of all ethnic groups across the country, adhered to national independence in the most difficult times, and finally won the victory. This victory belongs not only to China, but also to all mankind. Without the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the Anti-Japanese National United Front of China would have been difficult to form, and it would not have been possible to form a unified force to combat the Japanese invaders in a short period of time. This power of unity gave the Chinese people the confidence and courage to finally drive the invaders out of China. For China, this was a huge turning point.
My family has a deep connection with China and has witnessed this period of history. My father was a socialist who joined the socialist movement in Europe in the 1920s and met Premier Zhou Enlai (周恩来) in Paris (巴黎). They once signed a joint appeal to end colonial rule. After the founding of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国), we also maintained contact with Chinese leaders. In 1952, China and Sri Lanka signed the Rubber-Rice Pact, helping each other in difficult times, which played an important role in promoting the social and economic development of the two countries and was of historical significance. This story is still widely circulated among the people of Sri Lanka.
Today's rapid development of China is unbelievable, and I call it the "China Miracle." More than 30 years ago, people could not imagine that today China exports millions of electric vehicles to all parts of the world, produces huge quantities of high-tech products every year, and is at the forefront of the world in addressing climate change and technological innovation. China's achievements not only benefit the Chinese people, but also benefit the world.
Currently, the world still faces conflicts and challenges. Regional hotspots occur frequently, hegemonism is on the rise, and many countries and peoples feel deeply uneasy. China has proposed building a community with a shared future for mankind, adhering to the path of peaceful development, and emphasizing the elimination of confrontation through cooperation and the replacement of zero-sum games with win-win results. While developing itself, China is committed to helping developing countries achieve common progress, which is very commendable, and Sri Lanka itself is also a beneficiary. When we encounter difficulties, China can always lend a helping hand and stand with us. China and Sri Lanka are friends in need who share a common destiny.
China has always advocated that the international community strengthen unity, calling for remembering history and safeguarding peace. China has practiced its promises through its own development and has won the respect of all countries. I personally have great respect for Chinese leaders. Only by strengthening cooperation and jointly meeting challenges can all countries have a bright future.
History is the best textbook. Today's younger generation may find it difficult to imagine the scenes of smoke-filled battlefields, but they must understand that peace does not come easily. As a Sri Lankan, I sincerely hope that the younger generation of my country, together with the youth of China, will inherit the friendship of their predecessors, promote the belief in peace, strengthen people-to-people exchanges, and create a better future together.
(The author is the former Prime Minister of Sri Lanka)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Vienna, September 12th (新华社维也纳9月12日电) – On September 12, 2025, local time, Austrian President Alexander Van der Bellen (范德贝伦) met with Wang Yi (王毅), Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, in Vienna (维也纳).
Van der Bellen (范德贝伦) asked Wang Yi (王毅) to convey his sincere greetings to President Xi Jinping (习近平), and recalled his state visit to China (中国) in 2018 with pleasure, saying that China (中国) is an important partner of Austria (奥地利) in Asia (亚洲), and the relations between the two countries have continued to develop well. Austria (奥地利) firmly adheres to the one-China policy and will not waver under any circumstances. Next year marks the 55th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Austria (奥地利) and China (中国). Austria (奥地利) is willing to celebrate with China (中国) and deepen exchanges and cooperation in economic, trade, investment, green development, tourism, culture and other fields. Austria (奥地利) appreciates China's (中国) commitment to credibility in addressing climate change and green development, and its outstanding achievements. Austria (奥地利) is willing to work with China (中国) to jointly safeguard multilateralism and promote world peace and development.
Wang Yi (王毅) conveyed President Xi Jinping's (习近平) cordial greetings, saying that during the President's visit to China (中国) in 2018, the two heads of state jointly established a Sino-Austrian friendly strategic partnership, opening a new stage of development in Sino-Austrian relations. Under the guidance of head-of-state diplomacy, pragmatic cooperation and cultural exchanges between China (中国) and Austria (奥地利) have continued to deepen. The two sides should cherish the achievements of cooperation over the past half century, take the 55th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries next year as an opportunity to expand cooperation in areas such as the green economy, and inject new connotations and new impetus into the Sino-Austrian friendly strategic partnership.
Wang Yi (王毅) said that this year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of World War II and the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations, and human development is at an important historical juncture. In order to remember history, cherish the memory of martyrs, cherish peace, and create the future, China (中国) is holding grand commemorative activities. First, it is necessary to promote the correct view of history of World War II. As the main eastern battlefield of World War II, China (中国) has made huge national sacrifices and made significant historical contributions to the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War. Second, it is necessary to safeguard the achievements of the victory of World War II. Taiwan's (台湾) return to China (中国) constitutes an important part of the achievements of World War II, and any attempt to split the country will not succeed. Third, we must work together with all countries to build a community with a shared future for mankind and jointly devote ourselves to world peace and development. China (中国) is willing to strengthen multilateral cooperation with Austria (奥地利) and make new contributions to this end.
During his visit, Wang Yi (王毅) also held talks with Austrian Foreign Minister Alexander Schallenberg (迈因尔—赖辛格).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 黄发红 褚 君
Stepping into the Health and Hygiene Services Thematic Exhibition Area of the 2025 China International Fair for Trade in Services (服贸会), one finds intelligent photon CT scanners, surgical robots precise to the micron level, AI dynamic health indicator assessments, 3D-printed polymer anti-fatigue absorbable vascular stents... Various new medical AI technologies, digital healthcare application scenarios, and medical service solutions are making their debut. Digitalization and intelligence are driving the quality upgrade of the health and hygiene industry, bringing new service experiences to consumers.
The Health and Hygiene Services Thematic Exhibition is divided into two display and experience areas: "Intelligent Therapy Cloud Hub Prospective Matrix" and "National Health Service Matrix," based on the concept of "making healthcare smarter and technology warmer." GE Healthcare (GE医疗), Siemens Healthineers (西门子医疗), Mindray (迈瑞医疗), Eli Lilly (礼来), AstraZeneca (阿斯利康), Johnson & Johnson (强生) and other Fortune 500 companies, as well as industry leaders such as Varian (瓦里安), United Imaging Healthcare (联影医疗), and Philips (飞利浦), are participating in the exhibition for consecutive years. Science and medical information service organization Elsevier (爱思唯尔) and foreign-owned Tianjin Perennial Hospital (天津鹏瑞利医院) are participating for the first time.
American pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly (礼来) is participating for the fifth year, focusing this year on showcasing its innovative solutions in cardiovascular metabolic health, Alzheimer's disease, and other disease areas. At the site, the exhibitors set up a "Memory Living Room": visitors can walk through a "door to anywhere" to experience the fragmented memory world from the perspective of Alzheimer's patients; the "Body Resistance Decoding Exhibition" uses a restrained "weight-loss vest" art installation to call for scientific management of obesity.
Last year, Eli Lilly (礼来) and Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University (首都医科大学宣武医院) signed a strategic cooperation memorandum at the China International Fair for Trade in Services (服贸会) site, with cooperation involving Alzheimer's disease, migraine, and other disease areas. Over the past year, the cooperation center between the two parties has been established and is in operation, and the scope of cooperation has expanded from neuroscience to cardiovascular metabolism, autoimmune diseases, and anti-tumor fields. "Beijing (北京) is an important market for Eli Lilly (礼来) in China (中国), and Eli Lilly's (礼来) goal of promoting high-quality development of the biopharmaceutical industry aligns with the needs of the Chinese (中国) market," said Julio Gay-Ger, Vice President and General Manager of Eli Lilly China (礼来集团副总裁兼中国区总经理德赫兰). The group strives to develop innovative drugs, firmly participates in the construction of the local innovation ecosystem, and looks forward to working with all parties to continuously cultivate the Chinese (中国) market and achieve greater development.
Tianjin Perennial Hospital (天津鹏瑞利医院) is China's (中国) first wholly foreign-owned tertiary general hospital. The hospital's booth focuses on showcasing a one-stop service solution integrating hospital sections, nursing homes, hotels, and commerce. "The China International Fair for Trade in Services (服贸会) is a very good platform. We hope to use this to let all parties understand our products and reach cooperation intentions with more partners." The booth staff introduced that the hospital uses many intelligent devices, such as the Danish ceiling track suspension system that can help hemiplegic patients with walking training; the balance function assessment and training system imported from Italy can accurately assess the patient's balance ability and combine artificial intelligence technology to develop personalized rehabilitation treatment plans.
Data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China (中国国家统计局) shows that by the end of 2024, China's (中国) population aged 60 and above had reached 310 million, accounting for 22% of the total population. China's (中国) silver economy market size reached 8.3 trillion yuan in 2024 and is expected to reach about 30 trillion yuan by 2035. "The Chinese (中国) elderly care and medical market is huge, and we hope to provide more customers with high-quality one-stop services," said Liu Dan (刘丹), President of Tianjin Perennial Hospital (天津鹏瑞利医院). In the future, the hospital will also expand its medical tourism business, attracting patients from Russia (俄罗斯), Mongolia (蒙古国), and Southeast Asia (东南亚) to seek medical treatment in China (中国), providing integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment plans. We look forward to further deepening cooperation with top international medical institutions at the China International Fair for Trade in Services (服贸会), connecting broader international medical services, and exploring cooperation possibilities in specialty construction, medical tourism, and talent training.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 齐志明 王昊男
Introducing vivid scenarios such as the "Beijing Solution Promotion Officer" digital human interpreter and the full-process demonstration of AI research and development in biomedicine; guide robots provide guidance and interpretation for guests, and coffee and ice cream robots make delicacies on the spot... Stepping into this year's China International Fair for Trade in Services (CIFTIS) exhibition hall, the atmosphere of technological innovation is overwhelming. New products and technologies are unveiled, and new services and solutions are constantly emerging, adding color to a better life.
The Meituan booth attracted many visitors to interact with the delivery robots. "Forward," "Backward"... The "Meituan Bumblebee" robot quickly responded to voice commands while simulating taking and delivering meals. As an indoor and outdoor integrated embodied intelligent delivery robot, the "Meituan Bumblebee" can provide efficient, accurate, and safe unmanned delivery services in scenarios such as comprehensive supermarkets, apartments, airports, and communities through multi-modal perception, scene understanding, and positioning navigation capabilities. Meituan also showcased many AI products in the field of technology retail this year, including the large model "Longmao," intelligent shopkeeper, and AI digital employees. Relevant负责人 (fù zé rén - "person in charge," individual responsible) at Meituan stated that the company will continue to leverage its technological and digital advantages, continuously expand the supply of high-quality products and service retail scenarios, and work with upstream and downstream partners to provide consumers with better services.
Curtain wall cleaning robots, Lingmou unmanned tower cranes... In the engineering consulting and construction services thematic exhibition area, China Construction Eighth Engineering Division (中建八局) showcased cutting-edge technology applications such as building industrialization and intelligent construction, which were remarkable. "The application of robots on construction sites greatly reduces construction safety risks, reduces the amount of labor, and improves accuracy and construction efficiency. It has become an indispensable partner in our 'good construction'," introduced the staff at the China Construction Eighth Engineering Division (中建八局) booth.
In the telecommunications, computer, and information services thematic exhibition area, Alibaba's (阿里巴巴) source factory goods procurement platform 1688 (1688) focused on showcasing the latest implementation of the 1688 Product Selection Center and the platform's comprehensive upgrade of AI services. The Product Selection Center is a "four-in-one" industrial belt digital hub jointly built by the government, chain owners, platforms, and factories. It aggregates source factory goods through the "front store and back warehouse" model, covering 47 key industrial belts across the country. The recently launched 1688 AI version APP can accurately recommend procurement opportunities for buyers by analyzing the hot search and hot mining data, festival hotspots, and market trends of downstream platforms, and also improve efficiency for merchants. "The series of AI tools provided by 1688 reduces the operating costs and difficulty of factories," said Fan Min (范敏), General Manager of the Public Affairs Department of 1688.
In the education thematic exhibition area, Yuanli Technology Group (猿力科技集团) exhibited a series of "AI + Education" products and services, including self-developed education large models and their applications, as well as AI software and hardware digital solutions. "Artificial intelligence is fully integrated into all aspects of education and teaching, giving rise to new forms of human-machine collaboration such as intelligent learning companions and intelligent teachers, improving education quality and promoting education equity," introduced Cheng Qun (程群), Party Secretary and Dean of the Artificial Intelligence Research Institute of Yuanli Technology (猿力科技).
Participating in the CIFTIS for five consecutive years, digital freight platform Fuyou Truck (福佑卡车) showcased its exploration results in the field of digital intelligence in road freight, including intelligent order tracking robots and intelligent dispatch assistants that deeply integrate large model technology. Shan Dandan (单丹丹), Chairman of Fuyou Truck (福佑卡车), introduced that the company will continue to explore the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, promote the widespread application of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence in the field of road freight, and build an intelligent, efficient, green, and low-carbon logistics supply chain system.
Moving towards "new" and pursuing "high." This year's CIFTIS pays more attention to technological and intelligent applications, focusing on showcasing a large number of new technology application scenarios and solutions, which will inject new impetus into the opening up and cooperation of the service industry.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 朱玥颖
80 years ago, the Chinese people made huge sacrifices to achieve victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. In today's world, the connections between countries are far closer than they were 80 years ago, and there is a need to strengthen international cooperation to maintain fairness and justice. Japanese historian Takashi Ishida (石田隆至) recently gave an exclusive interview to this reporter, recounting his feelings about attending the commemorative activities in Beijing (北京) for the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. He believes that China has sent a signal of its commitment to maintaining world peace and stability through these commemorative activities.
Takashi Ishida (石田隆至) has long been engaged in the study of modern and contemporary Japanese history and the history of the Japanese army's invasion of China. He is currently a researcher at the International Peace Research Institute of Meiji Gakuin University (明治学院大学) in Japan and an associate researcher at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学). He has co-published works with Chinese scholars such as "The Trial of War Criminals in New China and the Peaceful Practice After Returning Home," allowing more Japanese people to re-examine the crimes committed by Japan during World War II and understand the concept of peaceful diplomacy that New China has continued to this day.
"Faced with the invasion of Japanese imperialism, China launched a nationwide resistance," said Takashi Ishida (石田隆至). From the rising anti-imperialist voices of the May Fourth Movement (五四运动) to the resistance of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army (东北抗日联军), and then to the extensive anti-Japanese struggle carried out by the anti-Japanese base areas led by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), China finally defeated the Japanese invasion by relying on the anti-Japanese national united front. "The world must not forget this history. China was the main eastern battlefield of World War II. The victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression not only strongly supported the world's people in their fight against fascism, but also greatly encouraged the people of colonial and semi-colonial countries in their struggle for national independence and liberation."
"Only when we face up to our mistakes can we truly avoid making them again," said Takashi Ishida (石田隆至). "Many Japanese people have not yet deeply recognized Japan's war responsibility. This is largely related to Japan's promotion of rewriting history. Japan's failure to face up to the history and responsibility of its war of aggression has become a major obstacle to lasting peace in East Asia."
"When some countries are undermining the common values of all mankind, such as peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, and freedom, China is making great contributions to promoting and practicing the common values of all mankind," said Takashi Ishida (石田隆至). He said that over the past few decades, China's economy has continued to grow steadily, and it has made important achievements in eliminating the gap between urban and rural areas. Domestically, China respects the diversity of ethnic cultures, adheres to the socialist rule of law, practices whole-process people's democracy, and continuously promotes reform; externally, it respects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries, adheres to the principle that all countries are equal regardless of size, strength, or wealth, respects the independent choices of development paths and social systems made by the people of all countries, firmly opposes all forms of hegemonism and power politics, opposes the Cold War mentality, opposes interference in other countries' internal affairs, opposes double standards, does not engage in military alliances, does not incite nationalism, and insists on creating a peaceful and stable external environment through international cooperation. At present, the high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" (一带一路) is constantly deepening and becoming more practical, and cooperation among countries in the Global South is showing a vigorous momentum. Facts have proved that for many years, China has been a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a defender of the international order.
Takashi Ishida (石田隆至) believes that China has a super-large market and its economic development continues to improve. The joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative has become an important platform for promoting the joint development and win-win cooperation of participating countries, and has promoted unity and cooperation worldwide. China has injected peace, stability, and progress into a world intertwined with turmoil and change.
"The peaceful rise of emerging market countries represented by China has allowed the vast number of countries in the Global South to see the bright prospects for peaceful development, and has further strengthened their determination to follow the path of peaceful development, which is conducive to jointly building a harmonious and mutually beneficial world," said Takashi Ishida (石田隆至).
(Reported from Tokyo (东京) by this newspaper)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 12th. Regarding the U.S. announcement that U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen will meet with Vice Premier of the State Council He Lifeng (何立峰) in Madrid, Spain, the spokesperson of the Ministry of Commerce stated on the 12th in response to a reporter's question that, upon agreement between China and the United States, He Lifeng (何立峰), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, will lead a delegation to Spain from September 14th to 17th to hold talks with the U.S. side. The two sides will discuss U.S. unilateral tariff measures, abuse of export controls, and economic and trade issues such as TikTok.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 12th. Foreign Ministry Spokesperson announced on the 12th: At the invitation of the government of the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, Xi Jinping (习近平), Special Envoy of the President of the People's Republic of China, Huang Runqiu (黄润秋), Minister of Ecology and Environment, will visit Papua New Guinea from September 15th to 17th to attend the 50th anniversary celebrations of Papua New Guinea's independence.
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), September 12th, the Ministry of Commerce (商务部) spokesperson stated on the 12th that China's position on the TikTok issue is clear and consistent. China's determination to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of its own enterprises is 坚定不移 (jiān dìng bù yí - "firm and unshakable," unwavering; resolute). It will examine and approve the TikTok issue in accordance with laws and regulations. The Chinese government attaches great importance to data privacy and security and has never, and will never, require companies or individuals to collect or provide data located in foreign territories for the Chinese government in a manner that violates local laws.
The spokesperson said that recently, as agreed upon by both parties, Chinese and American teams will hold talks on issues such as TikTok. China urges the United States to meet China halfway and, on the basis of mutual respect and equal consultation, resolve their respective concerns through dialogue, find solutions to the problem, provide an open, fair, just, and non-discriminatory business environment for Chinese enterprises, including TikTok, to continue operating in the United States, and promote the stable, healthy, and sustainable development of Sino-US economic and trade relations.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京) September 12th - Recently, the General Office of the State Council (国务院办公厅) issued the revised "Overall Plan for the 'Three-North' Shelterbelt Project" (《“三北”工程总体规划》, hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), guiding various regions to maintain strategic focus and continuously promote the high-quality development of the "Three-North" Shelterbelt Project.
The "Plan" adheres to Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as its guide, earnestly implements Xi Jinping's (习近平) ecological civilization thought, fully and accurately implements the new development concept, takes desertification prevention and control as the primary focus, takes building a solid northern ecological security barrier as the fundamental goal, adheres to the simultaneous approach of expanding greenery, revitalizing greenery, and protecting greenery, promotes the "four reservoirs" linkage of forest reservoirs, money reservoirs, grain reservoirs, and carbon reservoirs, pays more attention to "improving quality," "revitalizing industries," and "benefiting the people," focuses on optimizing the governance pattern, improving policies and measures, consolidating and expanding construction achievements, continuously improving the supply capacity of ecological products, and steadily improving the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems.
The "Plan" proposes that the third phase of the "Three-North" Shelterbelt Project will be constructed in three stages. Among them, 2021-2030 is the sixth phase of the project, focusing on winning three landmark battles: the Yellow River ("几" shape bend) battle (黄河“几字弯”攻坚战), the battle to eliminate the Horqin (科尔沁) and Hunshandake (浑善达克) Deserts, and the blocking battle on the edge of the Hexi Corridor (河西走廊) - Taklamakan Desert (塔克拉玛干沙漠). 2031-2050 is the seventh and eighth phases of the project, in which the seventh phase focuses on comprehensively consolidating the governance achievements of the sixth phase and continuously improving vegetation coverage in key areas, and the eighth phase focuses on improving quality and efficiency and comprehensively improving the quality and stability of ecosystems.
The "Plan" clarifies that the project construction scope involves 765 counties (cities, districts, banners) in 13 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) and 13 divisions and cities under the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团), and is divided into 4 first-level zones and 30 second-level zones for barrier construction, including the eastern hilly plain area, the northern sandy area, the Loess Plateau (黄土高原) area, and the northwestern desert area. At the same time, it deploys 23 tasks in 5 aspects, including optimizing ecological restoration space, solidly promoting systematic governance, consolidating project construction achievements, developing ecological characteristic industries, and strengthening support capacity building.
The "Plan" requires adhering to national overall planning, provincial responsibility, and implementation at the city and county levels, giving full play to the role of the State Council's (国务院) coordination mechanism for strengthening comprehensive desertification prevention and control and promoting key ecological projects such as the "Three-North" Shelterbelt Project, and incorporating project construction into the forest chief system (林长制) and the provincial government's desertification prevention and control target responsibility assessment. Establish a continuous and stable project investment mechanism, increase financial support, implement fiscal, tax, and land policies, develop green finance, and strengthen quality and financial supervision. Promote the participation of diverse entities in project construction and management and protection, and encourage various entities such as state-owned enterprises, private enterprises, and public welfare organizations to undertake construction tasks.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 亓玉昆
On September 12th, the State Council Information Office held a series of thematic press conferences on "High-Quality Completion of the '14th Five-Year Plan'," introducing the relevant situation of unswervingly following the path of the rule of law with Chinese characteristics during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. Yin Bai (訚柏), Secretary-General of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission (中央政法委), stated that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the construction of the rule of law in China has made breakthrough progress and historical achievements, providing a strong guarantee for writing a new chapter in the "two major miracles" of rapid economic development and long-term social stability.
Doing a good job in legislation, as of early September, there are 306 currently effective laws in China.
Legislation is an important prerequisite for implementing the rule of law.
From 2021 to early September this year, the National People's Congress (全国人大) and its Standing Committee thoroughly promoted scientific legislation, democratic legislation, and legislation in accordance with the law, newly formulated 36 laws, revised laws 63 times, adopted 35 decisions on relevant legal issues and major issues, and made 1 legal interpretation.
Formulating the Private Economy Promotion Law, the Rural Revitalization Promotion Law, etc., and revising the Company Law, the Anti-Monopoly Law, etc., vigorously promote high-quality economic development; revising and improving the basic laws on the organization of state organs, the Legislation Law, the Supervision Law, the Deputies Law, and relevant rules of procedure, etc., to create a good environment for the development of various undertakings; formulating the Personal Information Protection Law, the Barrier-Free Environment Construction Law, the Anti-Telecommunications Network Fraud Law, etc., and revising the Law on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests, etc., to improve the legal system for保障保障民生; formulating the Yellow River Protection Law, the Wetland Protection Law, etc., and revising the Marine Environmental Protection Law, the Wildlife Protection Law, and making decisions on the establishment of a National Ecology Day to strengthen the legal guarantee for ecological civilization construction...
As of early September, there are 306 currently effective laws, more than 600 administrative regulations and supervisory regulations, and more than 14,000 local regulations in China. The socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, with the Constitution as its core, keeps pace with the times and develops and improves.
Record review is a constitutional supervision system with Chinese characteristics and an important system to ensure the implementation of the Constitution and laws and maintain the unity of the national rule of law. Since the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大), the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会法工委) has conducted active reviews of more than 4,100 normative documents of various types, including regulations, judicial interpretations, and local laws of special administrative regions submitted for record, and has studied and legally responded to more than 10,600 review suggestions submitted by citizens, legal persons, and organizations one by one.
Shen Chunyao (沈春耀), Director of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会法工委), said that they will continue to do a good job in legislation and related work, and better play the important guarantee role of the rule of law in consolidating the foundation, stabilizing expectations, and benefiting the long term.
Supporting and regulating the development of new business forms, formulating judicial interpretations on face recognition, online consumption, etc.
In recent years, political and legal organs have thoroughly promoted the reform of the law enforcement and judicial responsibility system, carried out special inspections of law enforcement and judicial affairs in a solid manner, and the system of lifelong responsibility for case quality and the system of accountability for wrong cases have been continuously improved and implemented.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, national courts accepted a total of 189.745 million cases. In 2024, national courts accepted 46.02 million cases, an increase of 41.5% compared with 2020. The cumulative rate of conviction and acceptance of judgments in the first and second instances reached 98.03%, and the quality, efficiency, and credibility of justice continued to improve.
At present, the development of the digital economy and the real economy is highly integrated, and the widespread application of new technologies such as algorithms and big data has spawned many new business forms and triggered new disputes and disputes.
In this regard, He Xiaorong (贺小荣), Vice President of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院), said that the Supreme Court insists on supporting and regulating both, and has formulated judicial interpretations on face recognition, online consumption, and online intellectual property infringement, and released typical cases to protect the legitimate rights and interests of civil subjects, promote artificial intelligence for the people, for good, and in compliance with the law, and ensure the legal, standardized, and healthy development of various new digital business models.
Guiding the trial of the country's first "AI voice infringement case," legally trying new types of online infringement disputes involving personal information protection, and legally sanctioning operators' violations of sales promises... People's courts legally protect the data rights and interests of natural persons, and at the same time, increase the protection of the rights and interests of online consumers.
The ecological environment is the field in which the law initially authorized the procuratorate to carry out public interest litigation, and it is also the statutory field with the largest number of cases and the best results in the ten years of practice of procuratorial public interest litigation from pilot to full implementation.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, procuratorial organs handled a total of 348,000 public interest litigation cases in the field of ecological environment, of which 90% were administrative public interest litigation cases. A "Chinese solution" has been initially formed to solve the world problem of watershed ecological environment governance. In recent years, the Supreme People's Procuratorate (最高检) has successively handled special public interest litigation cases on the ecological environment governance of Nansi Lake, the pollution control of ships in the Yangtze River, and the water environment governance of the Pearl River, urging different provincial governments to jointly solve difficult problems that they had wanted to solve for many years but had not been able to solve.
Zhang Xueqiao (张雪樵), Deputy Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate (最高人民检察院), said that they will give full play to the professional advantages of the procuratorial organs and handle each public interest litigation case with high quality and efficiency.
Punishing prominent illegal and criminal activities, the number of criminal cases filed last year decreased by 25.7%.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, public security organs across the country punished prominent illegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law. In 2024, the number of criminal cases filed decreased by 25.7% year-on-year. China is one of the safest countries in the world.
Yang Weilin (杨维林), Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Public Security (公安部), said that public security organs firmly grasp the requirements of strict, standardized, fair, and civilized law enforcement, and continuously deepen the construction of law enforcement standardization.
The construction of law enforcement case handling management centers is an important part of promoting the construction of a rule-of-law public security system. At present, more than 3,200 standardized centers have been built across the country, promoting more legal and standardized law enforcement behaviors, and the human rights protection system has been fully implemented. Today, the public security legal system is more sound, the supervision and management of law enforcement is more strict, and the police handle cases under the camera and enforce the law in the sun.
Further demonstration of social fairness and justice is one of the main goals of economic and social development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.
In recent years, procuratorial organs have continued to promote the comprehensive, coordinated, and full development of the "four major procuratorial functions" of criminal, civil, administrative, and public interest litigation, and comprehensively strengthened legal supervision over activities such as case filing, investigation, prosecution, trial, and execution, effectively promoting strict law enforcement and impartial justice.
All localities adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era, and the national county-level social security comprehensive management centers are fully operational, promoting the prevention and resolution of contradictions and disputes through the rule of law.
Resolving contradictions and disputes is an important responsibility of judicial and administrative organs. Wu Yanjun (吴言军), Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Justice (司法部), said that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, judicial and administrative organs effectively played the role of different dispute resolution methods such as mediation, arbitration, and administrative reconsideration.
According to reports, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, national people's mediation organizations mediated more than 79 million disputes, with a success rate of more than 95%; national arbitration institutions handled a total of 2.27 million arbitration cases, and 640,000 cases were settled through mediation and reconciliation, accounting for 28% of the total number of cases; a total of 2.04 million administrative reconsideration cases were handled, of which 168,000 cases have been closed through mediation and reconciliation since 2024, with a mediation withdrawal rate of 26.3%.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 曲哲涵
On September 12th, the State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办) held a series of thematic press conferences on "High-Quality Completion of the '14th Five-Year Plan'," introducing the achievements of fiscal reform and development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," the financial departments have adhered to the principles of seeking progress while maintaining stability and reform and innovation, withstood risks and challenges, expanded development space, and continuously enhanced the country's financial strength and improved its effectiveness.
Local financial strength has steadily grown.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the national general public budget revenue is expected to reach 106 trillion yuan, an increase of 17 trillion yuan compared with the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, a growth of approximately 19%. The financial strength of local governments has steadily grown. In 2024, the fiscal revenue of 16 provinces increased by more than 20% compared to 2020; 7 provinces exceeded 500 billion yuan, including 2 provinces exceeding 1 trillion yuan. The intensity of expenditure is unprecedented. The national general public budget expenditure is expected to exceed 136 trillion yuan in 5 years, an increase of 26 trillion yuan compared with the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, a growth of 24%.
Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," fiscal investment in people's livelihood has accounted for more than 70% of the national general public budget expenditure, and the achievements of Chinese-style modernization have benefited all people more and more equitably.
Continuously expanding the scope of security and improving the level of security. As of now, the number of people participating in basic pension insurance nationwide exceeds 1.07 billion, the number of people participating in basic medical insurance reaches 1.327 billion, and more than 45 million people receive basic living assistance. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the financial subsidy standard for residents' medical insurance increased from 580 yuan per person per year to 700 yuan, and the national rural and urban minimum living security standards increased by about 20%.
Promoting roughly equal basic public services between urban and rural areas and regions. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the scale of equalization transfer payments increased from 1.9 trillion yuan in 2021 to 2.7 trillion yuan in 2025, with an average annual growth of 9.6%. As of now, all of China's more than 500,000 administrative villages have been connected by paved roads, the coverage rate of express delivery services exceeds 95%, the popularization rate of tap water reaches 94%, and the proportion of domestic waste collection, transportation, and treatment reaches more than 90%.
Promoting the expansion and sinking of public resources such as education and medical care. Tuition and miscellaneous fees are completely waived for students in urban and rural compulsory education, and free textbooks are provided; approximately 20 million students from families with financial difficulties receive living allowances; approximately 13 million children of migrant workers in cities realize the portability of relevant education funds. A total of more than 80 billion yuan has been arranged to support clinical key specialties and regional medical capacity building, strengthen the training of multi-level health talents, and significantly improve the service capacity of medical and health institutions at all levels and of all types.
Better meet the diversified and doorstep needs of people's livelihood. Actively promote direct settlement of cross-provincial medical treatment, benefiting 560 million people and reducing the people's advance payment of funds by 590 billion yuan. Explore service models such as home-based elderly care and foster care, and support the development of child-friendly and elderly-friendly renovations of old communities.
"During the '15th Five-Year Plan' period, we will adhere to a people-centered approach, earnestly guarantee and improve people's livelihood, and ensure that where the people's expectations for a better life lie, fiscal funds will be focused on; where the people are anxious about difficulties and expectations, fiscal policies will be focused on," said Lan Fo'an (蓝佛安), Minister of Finance.
Fiscal macro-control is more proactive and effective.
Lan Fo'an (蓝佛安) said that the highlights of fiscal macro-control during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period can be summarized in four "mores":
More supportive – the deficit rate increased from 2.7% to 3.8%, and further increased to 4% this year; an additional 19.4 trillion yuan of special local government bond quotas were arranged; new tax and fee reductions and tax rebates and deferred tax payments exceeded 10 trillion yuan, further opening up fiscal policy space. More abundant tools – comprehensively use government bonds, taxes, fiscal interest subsidies, special funds, and other tools to strengthen coordination with other macro policies and amplify the multiplier effect of policies. More precise efforts – for example, a one-time arrangement of 6 trillion yuan of debt limits to replace the stock of hidden debt, greatly helping local governments reduce debt repayment pressure. More flexible timing – policies are introduced as early as possible, and once they are identified, they are given in full at one time to ensure early implementation and early results.
Firmly implementing the strategy of expanding domestic demand, the financial department has made coordinated efforts from both the supply and demand sides to launch a "combination punch." During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the central government arranged 318.6 billion yuan in employment subsidy funds, an increase of 29% compared with the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, and the cumulative number of new urban jobs exceeded 50 million; the national treasury has cumulatively supported the market application of more than 30,000 sets of major technical equipment and 190 varieties of innovative material products; an additional 19.4 trillion yuan of special local government bonds were arranged to support 150,000 construction projects; 3.33 trillion yuan of central budget investment was arranged to support infrastructure construction such as water conservancy and transportation; direct subsidies such as childcare subsidies and elderly care service subsidies were launched, and interest subsidies were given to personal consumer loans and operating entity loans in key areas; as of the end of August this year, the national treasury has provided approximately 420 billion yuan to support the trade-in of consumer goods, driving sales of various commodities to exceed 2.9 trillion yuan; in the past two years, ultra-long-term special treasury bonds of 1.5 trillion yuan have been arranged to promote the construction of "two major projects."
To help develop new quality productive forces, the financial department has coordinated and used various policy tools to promote the integrated development of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the national fiscal science and technology expenditure is expected to reach 5.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 34% compared with the "13th Five-Year Plan" period. Among them, the cumulative investment in basic research reached 730 billion yuan, with an average annual growth of 12.3%. Fiscal investment has driven the rapid growth of R&D investment in the whole society, and the investment intensity has increased from 2.41% at the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" period to 2.68% in 2024, and the scale of R&D investment ranks second in the world. At the same time, the financial and tax departments have introduced a series of policies to encourage enterprises to move towards "new."
Risk prevention and resolution in key areas are effective.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the financial department has always adhered to coordinating development and security, and risk prevention and resolution in key areas have been effective.
In terms of grassroots fiscal operations, the central government has arranged nearly 50 trillion yuan in transfer payments to local governments in 5 years, sinking financial resources to the greatest extent, firmly safeguarding the bottom line of "three guarantees," and the overall operation of local finances has been stable.
In terms of local government debt, a "closed-loop" management system for statutory debt has been formed. For hidden debt, the stock is resolved in an orderly manner, the increment is resolutely curbed, and the risks are gradually converging.
Lan Fo'an (蓝佛安) said that in the fourth quarter of last year, the Ministry of Finance launched a package of debt resolution measures. As of the end of August this year, the one-time increase of 6 trillion yuan in special debt limits has cumulatively issued 4 trillion yuan. After replacement by various regions, the average interest cost of debt has been reduced by more than 2.5 percentage points, which can save more than 450 billion yuan in interest expenses. Since the beginning of this year, the country has issued 2.78 trillion yuan of new special local government bonds, of which 800 billion yuan has been arranged to supplement the financial resources of government funds, specifically to support local governments in resolving debt.
As of the end of 2024, the total amount of government debt in China was 92.6 trillion yuan, including 34.6 trillion yuan of national debt, 47.5 trillion yuan of local government statutory debt, and 10.5 trillion yuan of local government hidden debt, and the government debt ratio was 68.7%. At the same time, China's government debt corresponds to a large number of high-quality assets, and the government debt ratio is in a reasonable range, and the risk is safe and controllable.
As of the end of June 2025, more than 60% of financing platforms have achieved withdrawal, which means that more than 60% of the hidden debt of financing platforms has been cleared, and the reform and transformation of financing platforms is accelerating.
Lan Fo'an (蓝佛安) said that during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the government will accelerate the establishment and improvement of a government debt management mechanism adapted to high-quality development, resolve debt in development, and develop in debt resolution, providing strong support for the steady and long-term development of the economy.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on September 12th (Reporter Li Changyu (李昌禹)) State Councilor and Director of the State Council Working Committee on Disability Affairs, Chen Yiqin (谌贻琴), attended the 2025 China International Welfare Expo and China International Rehabilitation Expo in Beijing (北京) on the 12th. She emphasized the need to thoroughly implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on the cause of people with disabilities, earnestly implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, accelerate the technological research and development and application in the field of assisting people with disabilities, vigorously develop the rehabilitation assistive device industry, and continuously improve the well-being of people with disabilities.
The Welfare Expo is hosted by the China Disabled Persons' Federation (中国残联). This year's theme is "Technology Empowerment, Shared Well-being." Chen Yiqin (谌贻琴) watched demonstrations of domestically produced high-tech rehabilitation assistive devices such as brain-computer interface exoskeleton robots and offline subtitle assistive listening devices on site, and learned in detail about the research and development, application, and promotion of welfare vehicles, intelligent wheelchairs, and other products. Chen Yiqin (谌贻琴) pointed out that China's rehabilitation assistive device market has great potential. It is necessary to accelerate industrial development, continuously enrich varieties, cultivate brands, increase publicity and promotion efforts, and improve the assistive device adaptation subsidy system for people with disabilities to better meet the multi-level, diversified, and high-quality assistive device needs of people with disabilities and disabled elderly people. It is necessary to deeply promote technology to assist people with disabilities, strengthen technological innovation and industrial innovation in the field of people with disabilities, and develop and promote more advanced and applicable scientific and technological achievements and products around the needs of people with disabilities, so as to promote better social participation and shared happy and beautiful life for people with disabilities through advanced technology.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 付明丽
On September 5th, Gao Yan (高燕) (pictured, photo courtesy of the interviewee), who had just returned from the military parade, shared her feelings about the parade at an event held by the Shanxi Provincial Military Region (山西省军区), her pride and excitement overflowing.
Gao Yan is 31 years old this year and is the Party Branch Secretary, Village Committee Director, and Militia Company Commander of Shanglongquan Village (上龙泉村), Loufan County (娄烦县), Taiyuan City (太原市). In 2019, Gao Yan was a member of the honor guard formation in the military parade celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. This year, she once again accepted the review of the Party and the people as a member of the militia formation.
"Returning to the parade ground was more difficult than I imagined," Gao Yan admitted. To meet the standards, she trained day after day, repeating movements such as lifting her hips, tensing her feet, and pressing her toes over and over again, finally regaining the power and rhythm of "kicking legs like knives and hammering the ground like chisels."
Her iron will comes from the tempering of military life. In 2016, after graduating from university, Gao Yan enlisted in the army and joined the PLA Honor Guard (中国人民解放军仪仗大队). Under the scorching sun, sweat soaked her military uniform and formed salt frost; in the biting cold wind, she still had to steadily hold up a several-pound ceremonial rifle. During her four-year career as an honor guard soldier, Gao Yan performed more than 30 ceremonial tasks, and her unwavering character was integrated into her blood.
After retiring in 2020, Gao Yan returned to her hometown. The following year, she was elected as the Party Branch Secretary of Shanglongquan Village and served as the Militia Company Commander. "Can a girl who retired from the army do it?" Initially, some villagers had doubts. Gao Yan secretly resolved to use the "hard bones" and "iron feet" honed in the honor guard to do a good job in the village and win the trust of the villagers. Gao Yan formed a党员服务队 (Dǎngyuán Fúwù Duì - Party Member Service Team), and with the village cadres, went door-to-door to understand the difficulties of the villagers, solving more than 60 public demands. When encountering flood, forest fire, and other rescue missions, she organized the militia team to rush to the front line, gradually winning the recognition of the villagers. Gao Yan said, "In the beginning, the villagers called me 'college student soldier,' and later they called me 'Secretary Soldier'." The change in the title is the recognition earned by hard work.
"Once enlisted, always a soldier. No matter where you are, you must have courage and responsibility!" Gao Yan said.
Return to TopAccording to the latest data from China State Railway Group (国铁集团): In the first eight months, the China-Central Asia Railway Express operated 9,626 trains, setting a new record for the same period in history, sending 751,000 TEUs of goods, an increase of 22.7% and 31.1% respectively year-on-year. As of August 31, the China-Central Asia Railway Express has operated more than 69,000 trains over the years, sending more than 5.19 million TEUs of goods. The opening of the China-Laos Railway and the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route and other channels has promoted the continuous expansion of the coverage of the China-Central Asia Railway Express: reaching more than 100 cities in 11 Asian countries, covering 128 prefecture-level cities in 28 provincial-level administrative regions in China.
With the continuous improvement of the transportation capacity and service quality of the China-Central Asia Railway Express, the goods transported by the China-Central Asia Railway Express have been expanded from second-hand cars in transit at the beginning of its opening to 22 major categories such as new energy vehicles, photovoltaics, and mechanical equipment. Cotton yarn, antimony concentrate, wheat bran granules, barley, and tropical fruits, fertilizers, and iron ore from Southeast Asia produced in Central Asia enter the Chinese market. At the same time, new energy vehicles, photovoltaic modules, electronic products, daily necessities and other "Made in China" are accelerating to the vast Asian countries and regions.
Transportation efficiency continues to improve. The transportation time of the China-Lianyungang (连云港) to Almaty (阿拉木图), Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦) China-Central Asia Railway Express has been reduced from more than 10 days in 2014 to the current 6 days. With the opening of the "Cross-border E-commerce Special Train" in 2024, it takes only 10 days from Yiwu Small Commodity City (义乌小商品城) in Zhejiang (浙江), China to the Tashkent (塔什干) market in Uzbekistan (乌兹别克斯坦), which is 80% lower than the cost of air transportation.
Return to TopOn September 11, in the seed corn drying field of the Nanhua Industrial Park in Gaotai County (高台县), Zhangye City (张掖市), Gansu Province (甘肃省), workers were transferring the dried seed corn to the seed processing plant. In recent days, the local area has been taking advantage of the favorable sunny weather to step up the harvesting, drying, and transportation of seed corn.
Wang Jiang (王 将) took the photo (Image China).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 任彤彤
Closer, even closer!
As the roar of the plane grew louder, the Air Force Y-20 special aircraft and four J-20 fighter jets escorting it formed a formation and flew over the airport.
At 10:57 on September 12, the Air Force Y-20 special aircraft carrying the remains of the twelfth group of Chinese People's Volunteer Army martyrs from South Korea slowly landed at Shenyang Taoxian International Airport (辽宁沈阳桃仙国际机场). The remains of 30 Chinese People's Volunteer Army martyrs and 267 items were brought back to the motherland from South Korea by our Air Force special aircraft. The airport welcomed the remains of the Volunteer Army martyrs home with the highest honor of a "water gate" salute.
At 11:25, the welcoming ceremony for the remains of the twelfth group of Chinese People's Volunteer Army martyrs from South Korea began. The scene was solemn and respectful, and all personnel bowed three times to the martyrs' remains.
Looking around, many people at the scene had tears in their eyes. These tears carried thoughts spanning time and space, and even more so, a deep respect for the heroic predecessors.
Covered with the national flag, the military music was melodious. After the ceremony, the coffins of the Volunteer Army martyrs' remains, escorted by a police motorcycle team of 70 police motorcycles, were transported by 6 military transport vehicles to the Shenyang Anti-US Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery (沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园).
After more than seventy years, the heroes have finally returned home.
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army's participation in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. After two years and nine months of arduous and bloody battles, the Chinese People's Volunteer Army won the great victory of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. In this war, more than 197,000 heroic sons and daughters gave their precious lives for the motherland, for the people, and for peace.
In order to welcome the heroes home, the People's Air Force specially made careful designs for the aircraft's call sign, air-to-air and air-to-ground communications. The Y-20 used the call sign "Kuajiang 50 (跨江50)," and the four escorting J-20s used the call sign "Kaixuan (凯旋)." This embodies the People's Air Force's deep remembrance and high respect for the martyrs across time and space.
"No matter how many years have passed, we will be here waiting for the heroes to come home," said Wu Jiyang (武继洋), a guard of honor who performed the martyr remains welcoming mission for the fifth time.
Zhang Baofu (张宝付), a national model representative of bravery and righteousness, could not hide his excitement: "Although I have retired, I still want to take the lead in learning the spirit of the heroes. As a Chinese, our spines must always be straight!"
At the ceremony, literary and art worker Zhu Yilong (朱一龙) thought of the role of a Volunteer Army soldier he played in a movie. He said emotionally: "More than 70 years later, the motherland has brought you back. Now, we will continue to move forward with your ideals."
The martyrs' achievements will shine through the ages, and the martyrs' heroic names will be immortal. They are the "most beloved people" who will always live in our hearts.
From Shenyang Taoxian International Airport (沈阳桃仙国际机场) to the Shenyang Anti-US Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery (沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园), this 29.7-kilometer route was decorated with nearly 3,500 national flags. "The mountains and rivers remember you, we remember you," "The motherland has never forgotten, the people will always remember," "In the name of the city, welcome the heroes"... one bright screen after another, one bright flag after another, and one pair of tearful eyes after another, all expressed their anticipation for the heroes' return home.
The convoy escorting the martyrs' remains slowly passed by, and many people who came to welcome them stood along the road, gazing in the direction the convoy was traveling for a long time, unwilling to leave.
Among the crowd, the employee representatives of China Aviation Industry Group Shenyang Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. (中国航空工业集团沈阳飞机工业（集团）有限公司) were particularly conspicuous, holding models of military aircraft independently developed by Shenfei (沈飞) and standing by the roadside. Liu Weijian (刘伟建), a technical expert at Shenfei (沈飞), said: "As employees of the aviation industry, our warplanes guard the blue sky of the motherland and welcome the martyrs back home. We feel deeply proud, and we are also proud of the strength of our country today."
The great era calls for a great spirit, and the noble cause needs spiritual guidance. The great spirit of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea, forged in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, is our invaluable spiritual wealth.
As the official representative of the "Huang Jiguang Hero Company (黄继光英雄连)," Liu Jinchi (刘金池) firmly said: "We shoulder the heavy expectations of the Party and the people, and we have the determination, confidence, and ability to defeat all enemies who invade."
At 10:00 on September 13, the burial ceremony for the remains of the twelfth group of Chinese People's Volunteer Army martyrs from South Korea will be held at the Volunteer Army Martyrs Memorial Square (志愿军烈士纪念广场) in the Shenyang Anti-US Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery (沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园).
Since 2014, China and South Korea have successfully handed over the remains of 1,011 Chinese People's Volunteer Army martyrs from South Korea. Relevant officials from the Ministry of Veterans Affairs (退役军人事务部) stated that, to date, the identification and comparison of the remains of the first 11 batches of 981 Volunteer Army martyrs in South Korea have been successfully completed, and the identities of 28 Volunteer Army martyrs in South Korea have been confirmed and their relatives found.
Arriving at the cemetery, Zeng Guoxing (曾国兴), a 91-year-old veteran of the Volunteer Army, insisted on taking off his medals and commemorative badges from his chest and wearing his simplest military uniform. Although he had also performed meritorious service and been wounded on the battlefield, Zeng Guoxing (曾国兴) said that these were not worth mentioning compared with the sacrificed martyrs: "I will always respect, learn from, and remember them!"
Since September 11, the Shenyang Anti-US Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery (沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园) has held a theme exhibition of heroes and martyrs of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea - "The Most Beloved People (最可爱的人)." Wang Chunjie (王春婕), Minister of the Social Education Department of the Shenyang Anti-US Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery Management Center (沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园管理中心社会教育部), introduced that the exhibition is hosted by the Martyrs Memorial Facilities Protection Center of the Ministry of Veterans Affairs (退役军人事务部烈士纪念设施保护中心), and organized by the National Museum of China (中国国家博物馆), the Liaoning Provincial Department of Veterans Affairs (辽宁省退役军人事务厅), the Shenyang Anti-US Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery (沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园), and the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea Memorial Hall (抗美援朝纪念馆). The exhibition content is divided into three parts: special-class heroes, first-class heroes, and heroic collectives. "Many people from all over the country have come to the Shenyang Anti-US Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery (沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园) to visit this exhibition and offer flowers to the martyrs to express their remembrance and condolences," said Wang Chunjie (王春婕).
In the early autumn, the martyrs' cemetery had a clear blue sky and verdant pines and cypresses. Cheng Maoyou (程茂友), a 95-year-old veteran of the Volunteer Army, had just watched the military parade at the September 3rd Victory Day Parade and, after a few days of simple rest, could not wait to come to Shenyang (沈阳) to welcome his comrades home: "As long as I can still move, I will go to the scene to pick them up. This time, I want to tell them about the shock of the military parade. The country is strong, rest in peace!"
(Hu Jingyi (胡婧怡), Xin Yang (辛阳), and Wang Dong (王栋) participated in the writing)
Return to TopOn September 12th, this newspaper Shenyang (沈阳) reported (Reporter Ren Tongtong (任彤彤)) At 10:57 AM on the 12th, a special aircraft of the Chinese Air Force carrying the remains of the twelfth group of 30 Chinese People's Volunteer Army martyrs in South Korea and 267 related artifacts landed at Shenyang Taoxian International Airport (沈阳桃仙国际机场). The welcoming ceremony for the martyrs' remains was then held at the airport.
On the morning of the 12th, after the Air Force Y-20 special aircraft entered Chinese airspace, it was escorted by four J-20 fighter jets. The Y-20 used the call sign "Kuajiang 50 (跨江50)," and the four escorting J-20s used the call sign "Kaixuan (凯旋)." The "Double 20s" lined up in the sky to pay tribute to the revolutionary martyrs and express their highest respect. The formation passed over the airport, and Taoxian International Airport welcomed the heroes home with the highest honor of a "water gate" salute.
At 11:25 AM, the welcoming ceremony for the remains of the twelfth group of Chinese People's Volunteer Army martyrs in South Korea began. Pei Jinjia (裴金佳), Party Secretary and Minister of the Ministry of Veterans Affairs, presided over the ceremony. Representatives from the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部), the International Department of the Central Committee (中央对外联络部), the Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办), the Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office of the State Council (中央港澳办), the Working Committee of the Central and State Organs (中央和国家机关工委), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外交部), the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), the Ministry of Education (教育部), the Ministry of Finance (财政部), the Ministry of Veterans Affairs (退役军人事务部), the National Radio and Television Administration (国家广电总局), the Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission (中央军委政治工作部), the Office for International Military Cooperation of the Central Military Commission (中央军委国际军事合作办公室), Liaoning Province (辽宁省), Shenyang City (沈阳市), the People's Liberation Army stationed in Shenyang (驻沈解放军), the People's Armed Police Force (武警部队), the Army of the Northern Theater Command (北部战区陆军), veteran soldiers who fought in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, representatives of the martyrs' families, officers and soldiers who participated in the military parade commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory against Japan, representatives of heroic companies from the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, representatives of Olympic champions, representatives of officers and soldiers, representatives of teachers and students from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, and representatives of young students, totaling 1,500 people, attended the ceremony. The scene was solemn and respectful. The coffins of the Volunteer Army martyrs were covered with the bright national flag of the People's Republic of China, and all attendees bowed three times to the remains of the martyrs.
After the ceremony, the coffins of the Volunteer Army martyrs, escorted by a motorcycle police team of 70 police motorcycles, were transported by 6 military transport vehicles to the Shenyang Anti-U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery (沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园). Nearly 3,500 national flags were placed along the 29.7-kilometer route home, and people from all walks of life in Shenyang lined the streets to welcome the heroes home. Slogans paying tribute to the heroes were displayed at key traffic points, operating vehicles, and major buildings.
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army's departure to fight in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea. China has welcomed back 12 batches of remains of 1,011 Volunteer Army martyrs from South Korea. According to arrangements, at 10:00 AM on the 13th, the burial ceremony for the twelfth group of Chinese People's Volunteer Army martyrs in South Korea will be held at the Volunteer Army Martyrs Memorial Square in the Shenyang Anti-U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea Martyrs Cemetery (沈阳抗美援朝烈士陵园志愿军烈士纪念广场).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 韩立群 蒋雪鸿
On the afternoon of September 10, in Changji City (昌吉市), Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture (昌吉回族自治州), Xinjiang (新疆), melodious singing drifted from a small square in the southern section of the Tingzhou Ecological Green Valley (庭州生态绿谷) along the Toutun River (头屯河).
"A bite of Hami melon sweetens my longing, a glass of wine intoxicates my heart..." Accompanied by a band, the female solo was particularly beautiful, and the audience gave warm applause.
Beside it, the Toutun River (头屯河) babbled. In the lake, several ruddy shelducks were playing and foraging. "Our band is called Bogda (博格达) (the highest peak in the eastern Tianshan Mountains), and most of its members are retirees from Han (汉族), Hui (回族), Uyghur (维吾尔族) and other ethnic groups," said band member Peng Xinmin (彭新民). "The environment and air are good here, so we often come here to perform."
Originating from the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains (天山), the Toutun River (头屯河) is 190 kilometers long, with a total drainage area of 2,885 square kilometers. It flows through Changji Prefecture (昌吉州), Urumqi City (乌鲁木齐市), and the 12th and 6th Divisions of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团), eventually flowing into the Gurbantunggut Desert (古尔班通古特沙漠). Since the 1960s, stone factories, cement factories, and other enterprises have been built along the river. The river sand was over-exploited, and the river channel was seriously polluted, leading the surrounding people to call the Toutun River (头屯河) "Headache River (头疼河)."
"A few years ago, the banks of the river were barren and dusty. Now, the changes here are too great!" said Wang Li (王丽), a Changji (昌吉) citizen walking on the plastic track by the river.
The change did not come easily. "Because the river flows through different regions and involves different management departments, the work is more complicated, and the expectations of the people along the river for治理河道 once could not be responded to," said the relevant person in charge of the River Chief System Office of the Xinjiang Toutun River Basin Administration (新疆头屯河流域管理局河长制办公室).
Focusing on the concerns of the masses and doing practical things for the people's livelihood, the Party Committee and Government of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区党委政府) attached great importance to the ecological management of the Toutun River (头屯河) and promoted relevant work. In May 2016, the "Overall Plan for Coordinated Development of Toutun River Ecological Remediation Area" was approved by the Autonomous Region. Urumqi City (乌鲁木齐市), the 12th Division of the Corps (兵团第十二师), and Changji Prefecture (昌吉州) collaborated to jointly implement the Toutun River Ecological Comprehensive Management Project. Among them, Urumqi City (乌鲁木齐市) is responsible for the protection and utilization of the water source, the 12th Division of the Corps (兵团第十二师) is responsible for the comprehensive整治 of the east bank of the river valley, and Changji Prefecture (昌吉州) is responsible for the comprehensive整治 of the river channel and the west bank. The Corps and the local government work together to build the Toutun River (头屯河) into a demonstration area for ecological restoration, an industrial cluster development area, and an urban image display area.
A series of actions followed. In Liugong Town (六工镇), Changji City (昌吉市), more than 90,000 cubic meters of garbage were cleared; in the 12th Division of the Corps (兵团第十二师), large and small sand pits were filled; on both sides of the river, illegal enterprises and workshops were cleared, and the problem of "four disorders" was effectively solved. In 2021, the Changji City Toutun River Basin Ecological Comprehensive Management Project (昌吉市头屯河流域生态综合整治工程), which lasted 5 years and cost a total of 3.817 billion yuan, was fully completed.
Today, the west bank of the river is the Tingzhou Ecological Green Valley (庭州生态绿谷), a 13.14-kilometer-long valley built by Changji City (昌吉市), which is composed of five theme parks: Natural Ecological Restoration Park, Urban Fitness and Sports Park, Urban Celebration Park, Industrial Heritage Park, and Cultural Park.
"During the implementation of the project, we practiced the concept of '**绿水青山就是金山银山**' (lǜ shuǐ qīng shān jiù shì jīn shān yín shān - "Green waters and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains," lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets), and deeply integrated river management with ecological environmental protection and urban greening, and promoted flood control safety, ecological restoration, water system management, and industrial layout as a whole," said Li Changjiang (李长江), member of the Standing Committee of the Changji Prefecture Party Committee (昌吉州党委常委) and Secretary of the Changji City Party Committee (昌吉市委书记). After management, the river's flood control standard has been improved. In addition, more than 70,000 trees and 132 kinds of shrubs and flowers have been planted, with a green area of 2,000 mu and a green space rate of 87%, realizing "a river of clear water nourishes both banks."
On the east bank of the river, the 10,000-mu Toutun River Valley Forest Park (万亩头屯河谷森林公园), built by the 12th Division of the Corps (兵团第十二师), is full of greenery. "This has become the Toutun River Cultural Tourism Industry Belt," said Ma Jing (马婧), a member of the Party Committee of the Culture, Sports, Radio, Television and Tourism Bureau of the 12th Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团第十二师文化体育广电和旅游局党组成员) and Chairman of the Division Federation of Literary and Art Circles (师文联主席). At the end of 2021, the national 4A-level scenic spot jointly declared by the 12th Division of the Corps (兵团第十二师) and Changji Prefecture (昌吉州) was approved.
The environment is beautiful, and the popularity is strong. The large-scale red-themed light show "Always Follow the Party (永远跟党走)" has attracted a large number of tourists from Urumqi (乌鲁木齐), Shihezi (石河子) and other places; the marathon events have made people actively participate and enjoy; the national trend lantern festival during the Spring Festival has also attracted people of all ethnic groups to check in.
A good ecology brings a good life. Ma Ji (马吉), a 37-year-old Changji (昌吉) citizen, runs a bicycle rental business by a lake in the Green Valley. "The environment here is good, the infrastructure is perfect, there are more residential areas around, and the popularity is also strong. I earn a lot now, and my life is getting better and better."
The former "Headache River (头疼河)" has become a "Happy River (幸福河)." This green corridor for citizens' leisure and fitness has also become a model of integration between the Corps and the local government and a beautiful window for external display. "The transformation of the Toutun River (头屯河) is not the end, but a new starting point," said Li Changjiang (李长江). "**绿水青山就是金山银山**" (lǜ shuǐ qīng shān jiù shì jīn shān yín shān - "Green waters and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains," lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets), and ecological value will continue to be transformed into economic value, bringing happiness to the people.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 黄 超
"I heard there's a Teacher Ren at your school. Does he teach first grade?" This is what many parents asked when registering their children at Daxinzhuang Primary School (大辛庄小学) in Pandian Town (潘店镇), Fengqiu County (封丘县), Henan (河南).
In 2014, Ren Mingjie (任明杰) came to Daxinzhuang Village (大辛庄村), which was then still struggling to escape poverty, and became a special-post teacher. When he first arrived at the school, Ren Mingjie faced a simple environment. "The room leaked wind and rain, the walls were mottled, and there was no internet," Ren Mingjie recalled. At that time, the campus was often covered in dust on sunny days and mud on rainy days.
Cleaning the walls, sealing the drafty windows, updating the aging wiring, opening up a garden to plant vegetables and flowers... Ren Mingjie chose to use his hands to transform this small world.
The bigger challenge was to win everyone's trust. "At first, the villagers were indeed a little worried about me, a young teacher," Ren Mingjie said. Facing the parents' observation, he did not rush to defend himself, but silently proved himself with actions.
Practicing basketball and football, just to have more common ground with the children; learning to restore the Rubik's Cube, so that he could answer students' questions; ordering astronomy and geography magazines to satisfy the curiosity of the village children... Starting from the perspective of student growth, and using the benevolence of a teacher to get close to children's hearts, Ren Mingjie's efforts gradually changed the parents' attitudes.
Later, before every holiday, villagers were always worried that Ren Mingjie would be transferred away, and asked him face to face: "Will you come next semester?" "Always." Ren Mingjie, who couldn't bear to leave the children, answered firmly every time.
Many of the students are left-behind children. Hearing some children say that they hadn't taken many photos, Ren Mingjie couldn't help but feel sad. He bought a camera and drone at his own expense, and took photos with each student during festivals to record their growing moments. He would also take individual photos for children who had birthdays and write blessings... These caring actions made the children feel warmth.
Once, Ren Mingjie took two days off. When he returned to school, the colleague who substituted for him told him that the students thought they were going to change teachers and were calling for their Teacher Ren. That day after school, when student Xiaowen's (小文) grandmother saw Ren Mingjie, she said excitedly: "Teacher Ren, you're finally back! My grandson said he misses you!"
In recent years, with the help of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization benefiting measures, the school's operating conditions have continued to improve. The classrooms have been renovated, the ground has been hardened, new functional rooms have been built, and whiteboards and air conditioners have been installed. The number of students has also returned with the improvement of the teaching staff, increasing from more than 80 to more than 140. The villagers see all this and remember it in their hearts.
One year on New Year's Day, several parents spent a day in the village committee thinking about writing a thank-you letter to Ren Mingjie. The grandfather of one student trembled a little and wrote several drafts on red paper, just to write the most satisfactory one. The next day, parent representatives from several nearby villages, together with village officials, beat gongs and drums to send pennants, flowers, and thank-you letters to the school gate.
"The villagers trust me so much, and I feel even more the responsibility I shoulder," Ren Mingjie said.
Reporter's Notes
Caring with Heart and Affection, Nurturing Growth and Success
Recently, eight national special-post teacher representatives who have won national honors such as "The Most Beautiful Teacher" wrote a letter to General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), reporting on the situation and experience of working on the front line of rural education, and expressing their determination to keep their original aspirations and missions in mind, and to root themselves in rural areas to teach and educate people. On the occasion of Teachers' Day, General Secretary Xi Jinping replied to the national special-post teacher representatives, put forward ardent hopes, and extended holiday greetings and sincere greetings to the vast number of teachers and education workers across the country. Ren Mingjie, as a special-post teacher, was deeply encouraged.
Four years ago, the reporter first met Ren Mingjie at Daxinzhuang Primary School. The most impressive thing was his office in the teaching building. The small room was divided into two parts: the entrance was a desk, and a curtain separated the "dormitory," with a dining table and a bed. When tutoring students and doing homework, this was the "classroom"; when accompanying the children to read, play chess, and do handicrafts in the evening, this became the "activity room." Sometimes when he went out for training, he would leave the room key to the students; after returning, he found that the room had been cleaned. Colleagues jokingly said that Ren Mingjie's office was four "rooms" in one.
In the 20 years since the implementation of the "Special Post Plan," the vast number of special-post teachers have actively devoted themselves to rural education, rooted themselves in the three-foot platform, cultivated diligently and dedicated themselves silently, demonstrating the feelings and responsibilities of people's teachers. Millions of rural teachers, including special-post teachers, care for the growth and success of children with their hearts and affection, responding to the expectations and trust of the vast number of villagers. It is foreseeable that they will vigorously promote the spirit of educators in the future, fully implement the fundamental task of establishing morality and cultivating people, and contribute more to the construction of a strong education country.
Return to TopInside the Jiangsu Yangzhou COSCO SHIPPING Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. (江苏扬州中远海运重工有限公司) plant area, multiple large ships are being built simultaneously. Workers are stepping up production to fully ensure the completion of orders. Currently, the company's orders for container ships, bulk carriers, and other vessels from foreign countries have been scheduled until 2028. The photo shows workers operating in the company's plant area on September 12.
Photo by Meng Delong (孟德龙) (Image China (影像中国))
Return to TopThis newspaper's Wuhan (武汉) dispatch on September 12th (Reporters: Tian Doudou (田豆豆) and Fan Haotian (范昊天)) Jiang (江) River flows, lights shine brightly, folk song performances, situational dances, a medley of world-renowned river songs, a drone light show, and other wonderful programs took turns performing... On the evening of September 12th, the 2025 Yangtze River Culture and Art Season, jointly guided by the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部), the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), the State Administration of Radio and Television (广电总局), the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles (中国文联), and the Chinese Writers Association (中国作协), and co-sponsored by the People's Government of Hubei Province (湖北省人民政府), the Changjiang Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部长江水利委员会), and the China Three Gorges Corporation (中国长江三峡集团有限公司), opened in Wuhan (武汉), Hubei Province (湖北省).
The Art Season will last until October 30th, and will feature 12 major events, including the "New Image of the Yangtze River" themed art exhibition, the "Moving Image of the Yangtze River" national themed photography exhibition, the "Image of the Yangtze River" film week, and the "Listening to the Yangtze River" music week. Among them, the "Brilliant Yangtze River" cultural expo series exhibition will showcase important bamboo slips from the early Warring States period to the Jin Dynasty, ancient civilizations of the Yangtze River basin, archaeological achievements of the Eastern Zhou period and Chu culture, etc. Theaters in various parts of Hubei Province (湖北省) will simultaneously launch 293 wonderful plays and 563 performances, and audiences can purchase tickets to watch them through online and offline channels.
Return to TopThis newspaper Changsha (长沙) September 12th (Reporter Sun Chao (孙超)) On September 11th, the Central China Six Provinces Provincial Capital City Online Transaction Supervision Cross-Regional Cooperation and Exchange Activity was held in Changsha (长沙), Hunan (湖南). At the meeting, the market supervision bureaus of six cities, including Changsha (长沙), Wuhan (武汉), Hubei (湖北), Zhengzhou (郑州), Henan (河南), Hefei (合肥), Anhui (安徽), Taiyuan (太原), Shanxi (山西), and Nanchang (南昌), Jiangxi (江西), jointly signed the "Online Transaction Supervision Cross-Regional Cooperation Agreement" to deepen the collaboration between market supervision departments and platform enterprises in the central region, and jointly build a standardized, healthy, and orderly online transaction environment.
According to the agreement, the six cities will clarify the boundaries of departmental and regional responsibilities for cross-regional formats such as live broadcast e-commerce and community group buying, and maintain synchronization in policy interpretation, rule formulation, and risk assessment; establish a "rotating annual meeting + normalized linkage" mechanism, led by the market supervision bureaus of the six cities in rotation, to regularly organize work exchanges, situation analysis, and joint exercises to achieve information sharing, law enforcement assistance, and regulatory interaction; in addition, they will also jointly promote data sharing and jointly promote standard mutual recognition to form a joint force for development.
Return to TopBy: 苏学斌
On September 10th, the State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办) held a series of thematic press conferences on "High-Quality Completion of the '14th Five-Year Plan'." During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China achieved major breakthroughs in oil, gas, and uranium exploration, discovering two extra-large uranium mines, consolidating the resource base of five large uranium mine bases, and laying an important foundation for China's uranium resource security.
Recently, the "Guo You No. 1 (国铀一号)" demonstration project of China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) in Ordos (鄂尔多斯) City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区), produced the "first barrel of uranium," marking a new stage of green, safe, intelligent, and efficient development of uranium resources in China. Why are uranium resources important? How to awaken "sleeping" uranium mines? What scientific and technological challenges did researchers overcome in this process? This issue of "Viewing the Frontier" reveals the "black technology" behind uranium mining and metallurgy.
-- Editor
Natural uranium, a mixture directly extracted from uranium ore, is an important strategic resource and energy mineral. Uranium resources are known as the "granary" of nuclear power, and uranium mining and metallurgy are at the forefront of the nuclear fuel cycle, which is an important foundation for the development of the nuclear industry. Mastering advanced uranium mining and metallurgy technology and building green, intelligent, and efficient thousand-ton-level uranium mines are of great strategic significance for ensuring national energy security.
Entering the new century, China's uranium resource exploration focus shifted from southern hard rock to northern sandstone, and a number of super-large, extra-large, and large uranium deposits have been discovered and implemented in the northern basins. Among them, the Ordos Basin (鄂尔多斯盆地) has become the most abundant uranium resource base in China. However, the poor geological and hydrogeological conditions of the ore body, the complex nature of the ore, and the overlapping of ore and coal seams make mining and metallurgy extremely difficult.
After decades of scientific and technological research, China has independently developed the "Guo You No. 1 (国铀一号)" complete set of uranium mining technology and built the first single thousand-ton-level uranium mine base in China, revitalizing hundreds of thousands of tons of uranium resources in China, turning "inert mines" into "treasures," and achieving breakthrough progress in the development of domestic uranium resources.
Awakening "sleeping" uranium mines is extremely challenging.
The traditional uranium mining method is to construct open-pit working faces or underground roadways, open uranium-bearing ore layers, and extract uranium ore from the ground to the surface, where it is crushed, ground, and chemically leached to extract uranium. This method has low safety and production efficiency, and is especially not suitable for loose, water-bearing sandstone-type uranium mines.
"Guo You No. 1 (国铀一号)" adopts the in-situ leaching uranium mining process: drilling holes on the surface, injecting chemical reagents into the ground, penetrating along the pores of the ore to dissolve uranium, and then lifting the uranium-containing solution to the surface, where it is hydrometallurgically treated to obtain uranium products. Facing the complex sandstone uranium mines in the Ordos Basin (鄂尔多斯盆地), it is an unprecedented challenge to establish this disruptive uranium mining model.
How to efficiently dissolve uranium? Uranium ore has the characteristics of high calcium and high iron. When conventional high-acid and high-alkali leaching is used, chemical precipitation reactions such as calcium sulfate and ferric hydroxide easily occur, blocking the pores of the ore. Not only can chemical reagents not contact the ore, but also groundwater will be polluted. Therefore, finding a scientific leaching agent formula is the key.
How to quickly and accurately mine uranium? The uranium ore aquifer has a large thickness and the ore bodies are dispersed and discontinuous, just like small uranium ore "nuts" embedded in a thick cake, and the injected chemical reagents are severely diluted. In addition, the deep underground is invisible and intangible, and it is extremely difficult to accurately mine uranium ore with limited boreholes.
How to efficiently extract uranium from the solution? The concentration of uranium-containing solution is extremely low, and recovering uranium from the solution is like looking for a needle in a haystack. To solve this problem, hydrometallurgical equipment with large processing capacity and the ability to quickly enrich uranium is needed, which was still an international blank at that time.
How to ensure the stable operation of uranium mines? Coal mining drainage causes the water level of the uranium ore layer to drop, destroying the hydraulic conditions on which in-situ leaching depends. In addition, coal seam mining causes the bottom plate of the uranium ore layer to collapse, causing the migration of radioactive nuclides, polluting the coal seam, and causing serious environmental impacts. Achieving coordinated uranium-coal mining is a global problem.
Mining and metallurgical "black technology" is greener, smarter, and more efficient.
With the support of nearly 20 national key scientific research and engineering demonstration projects, Chinese researchers have achieved systematic and original results in the theoretical methods, key technologies, equipment, and materials of in-situ leaching uranium mining, and have successfully solved the world-class problem of complex uranium mine development, making China's uranium mining and metallurgy enter a new stage of green safety, intelligence, and efficiency.
Greener - Innovative theory and method of carbon dioxide and oxygen in-situ leaching uranium mining. These two gases, which people have the most contact with in their lives, have good dissolution effects on uranium under specific conditions. This near-neutral aqueous solution containing carbon dioxide and oxygen is green, safe, and environmentally friendly, and has little impact on the environment. It not only solves the blockage problem, but also greatly improves the intrinsic safety of in-situ leaching uranium mining, and also enables the resource utilization of greenhouse gases.
Smarter - Developed "digital well construction" technology. The use of heterogeneous formation modeling and flow field characterization technology to achieve accurate borehole design and construction, well network construction accuracy from meter-level to centimeter-level, breaking the past "blindly relying on experience" extensive construction model, the mine construction cycle shortened from 4 years to 1 year. Innovative high-pressure hydraulic directional cutting technology, precise control of the flow direction of chemical reagents, to achieve the dissolution of uranium minerals, to solve the dilution problem, significantly improve the resource recovery rate, to achieve uranium mine "fast construction and fast mining."
More efficient - Developed U-shaped saturated re-adsorption uranium enrichment process, enriching uranium from a few milligrams per liter in the uranium solution to nearly 100 grams per liter. The independently developed high-adsorption domestic uranium extraction material has broken the foreign monopoly while achieving important indicator transcendence, and China's uranium mine production capacity has increased from a single hundred-ton level to a single thousand-ton level.
More scientific - In response to the problem of mutual influence between uranium and coal co-mining, Chinese researchers proposed a scientific development method of "uranium first, coal later, staggered in time and space," and on this basis, developed hydraulic curtain in-situ leaching flow field reconstruction and underground nuclide migration control technology, eliminating the technical obstacles to uranium and coal co-mining. In addition, the application of in-situ leaching uranium mining intelligent analysis and control system has opened a new pattern of "remote, one-key uranium mining, one-screen control" in China's uranium mines, effectively improving production capacity.
Ensuring the national major strategic needs of natural uranium.
Currently, China's overall nuclear power scale ranks first in the world. In the next 15 years, domestic natural uranium demand will increase threefold, reaching more than half of the current global total natural uranium production. It is crucial to develop and promote advanced domestic uranium resource technologies.
In July last year, the "Guo You No. 1 (国铀一号)" demonstration project started construction, and in just one year, the "first barrel of uranium" was successfully produced. The project has a large production capacity, high construction standards, and advanced technology, which further enhances China's natural uranium security capabilities, independent innovation capabilities of the natural uranium industry, and international competitiveness.
At present, the "Guo You No. 1 (国铀一号)" advanced technology is accelerating its promotion to uranium resource development in the Erlian Basin (二连盆地) of Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), the Songliao Basin (松辽盆地) of Northeast China, and the Yili Basin (伊犁盆地) of Xinjiang (新疆), which will support the construction of a new batch of natural uranium production bases and achieve a substantial increase in China's natural uranium production capacity. With the acceleration of global nuclear energy development, in the future, the "Guo You No. 1 (国铀一号)" technology will also go abroad and be promoted to Central Asia, Africa, and other places, contributing wisdom to the development of complex uranium mines in the world.
(The author is the chief designer of the "Guo You No. 1 (国铀一号)" demonstration project of China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团))
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Why develop nuclear power?
The nuclear industry is a high-tech strategic industry and an important cornerstone of national security. China's nuclear industry started in the 1950s, from scratch, from weak to strong, and has formed a complete nuclear industry system, making important contributions to maintaining national security and ensuring energy security.
Combining China's energy development needs and the need to achieve the "dual carbon" goals, some scholars predict that China's annual electricity demand will grow to 16 trillion kilowatt-hours in the future, and China needs 400 million to 500 million kilowatts of power generation capacity as an energy supplement. Among the carbon emissions per unit of full life cycle of various power generation technologies, nuclear power has extremely low carbon emissions. In addition, nuclear power also has the characteristics of high efficiency and stability.
Taking the "Hualong One (华龙一号)" led by China Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd. (中国核电工程有限公司) of China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) as an example, "Hualong One (华龙一号)" is a million-kilowatt-level advanced pressurized water reactor nuclear power technology developed according to the latest global safety requirements. It has completely independent intellectual property rights and can continuously and stably transmit clean electricity to the society. A single unit of "Hualong One (华龙一号)" has an annual power generation of 10 billion kilowatt-hours, which is equivalent to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by more than 8 million tons annually.
Nuclear safety is the lifeline of nuclear power development. Pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants have three safety barriers: the first barrier is composed of fuel pellets and cladding, the second barrier is the pressure boundary of the primary loop, and the containment is the final containment barrier for radioactive materials.
Digital and intelligent technologies will bring new opportunities to China's nuclear power industry. At present, China's nuclear power plants have deployed many intelligent applications, which can comprehensively improve the safety and economy of nuclear power plants. In the future, with the help of new technologies such as artificial intelligence, the prevention of nuclear accidents can be further strengthened.
(Source: China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团))
Content support: China Association for Science and Technology Popularization Department (中国科协科普部), People's Daily Science Popularization Channel (人民网科普频道)
Return to TopBy: 谢明英
The cumulative storage volume has exceeded 100 million cubic meters! Recently, China's first offshore carbon dioxide storage demonstration project reported new progress, which also means that China's offshore carbon dioxide storage technology, equipment, and engineering capabilities are becoming increasingly mature.
Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide released from thermal power generation, factory chimneys, and automobile exhaust cause global temperatures to rise and glaciers to gradually melt, and also make extreme weather more frequent. Humans have been troubled by this for a long time, but now we have a new method that neither violently "annihilates" nor simply "drives away" carbon dioxide, but uses technology to quietly "move" it. This technology is called CCUS (Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage). Theoretically, with CCUS, fossil energy can also become "zero-carbon" energy.
The principle of CCUS is actually not complicated. Its key steps include three steps: first "capture" the emitted carbon dioxide, then "utilize" it, and finally "store" it. Just like in a sudden flood, some people build dams and some people dredge channels, the role of CCUS is to introduce excess water into a safe underground reservoir. This carbon dioxide "invisibility cloak" is being incorporated into the emission reduction "toolbox" by more and more countries and regions.
The first step is capture. In major carbon emitters such as thermal power plants, chemical plants, and cement plants, carbon dioxide is often discharged mixed in high-temperature exhaust gas. Researchers have developed various carbon capture "artifacts." Some use chemical absorption to "wash out" carbon dioxide from the gas with liquid absorbents; some rely on membrane separation technology to "screen out" the target gas like a sieve; and some use cryogenic condensation to "freeze" the carbon dioxide. Regardless of the method, the goal is the same: to collect carbon dioxide before it enters the atmosphere.
The second step is utilization. In the past, many people thought that carbon dioxide could only be treated as waste gas, but in fact it can be turned into treasure. For example, it can be injected into underground oil reservoirs to "drive out" the crude oil in the rock pores and increase crude oil recovery; or it can be converted into fertilizers, methanol, synthetic fuels, and even new building material raw materials; in some beverage factories, the captured carbon dioxide can also be used to produce carbonated beverages. The transformation from "emission hazard" to "industrial material" is not only a technological advancement, but also an upgrade in the concept of resource recycling.
The third step is storage. This can be understood as arranging a long-term "safe house" for carbon dioxide underground. Researchers compress it into a high-density fluid and inject it into saline aquifers or abandoned oil and gas reservoirs thousands of meters underground. These geological structures are stable and highly isolated, like natural sealed tanks, which can store carbon dioxide for hundreds or even thousands of years without leakage.
Globally, CCUS has accelerated from technological experimentation to commercial application. Although China started slightly later, its development momentum is strong, and more and more companies are joining this emission reduction exploration. According to incomplete statistics, more than 20 CCUS demonstration projects have been put into operation across the country, covering multiple industries such as power, petrochemicals, and steel, and the overall storage capacity is continuously improving. This year, China's first offshore CCUS project was put into operation on the Enping 15-1 platform (恩平15—1平台) in the Pearl River Mouth Basin (珠江口盆地), forming a marine energy recycling model of "carbon-driven oil and oil-fixed carbon." In the next 10 years, it will inject more than 1 million tons of carbon dioxide on a large scale and drive crude oil production to increase by 200,000 tons.
Of course, the promotion and application of CCUS still faces many challenges. For example, the cost problem: the cost of processing one ton of carbon dioxide in the entire process is still as high as several hundred yuan, which is a huge investment for most companies; another example is the lack of supporting facilities. At present, there is a lack of a unified carbon transportation pipeline network and cross-regional coordination mechanisms, and the enthusiasm of companies to participate needs to be guided and incentivized by policies.
Nevertheless, the development prospects of CCUS are still broad, especially in industries that are difficult to decarbonize, such as steel, cement, and chemicals. From technological breakthroughs to policy support, from pilot demonstrations to commercial exploration, CCUS is gradually moving from behind the scenes to the forefront, reducing the pressure on the Earth's greenhouse effect and underpinning the realization of the "dual carbon" goals with a positive and steady attitude. In this low-carbon transition race against time, CCUS is expected to play an increasingly important role.
(The author is a reservoir expert at China National Offshore Oil Corporation Shenzhen Branch (中国海油深圳分公司), interviewed and compiled by Ding Yiting (丁怡婷), a reporter from this newspaper)
Return to TopThis newspaper reports from Haikou (海口) (Reporter Sun Haitian (孙海天)) Recently, Wang Jiliang (王吉亮), Associate Researcher at the Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院深海科学与工程研究所), in conjunction with several domestic research institutions, systematically analyzed the structural characteristics and evolutionary patterns of a methane seep system in an active cold seep area in the Qiongdongnan (琼东南) deep-water basin in the northern South China Sea (南海). This research provides new insights into the enrichment mechanism of natural gas hydrate (combustible ice) and the carbon cycle mechanism of deep-sea cold seep activity. The relevant results have been published in the international journal *Earth and Planetary Science Letters*.
In deep-sea shallow strata dominated by fine-grained muddy sediments, "mud-encased sand" sedimentary structures are often developed, which has an important impact on the laws of cold seep activity and the exploration of natural gas hydrate resources, but there were many cognitive gaps in its specific mechanism before.
The research team discovered a sand layer with a thickness of 12.5 meters in an active methane seepage area in the Qiongdongnan (琼东南) deep-water basin, which is rich in natural gas hydrate. The study found that the sand layer plays a triple role in the cold seep system: first, it captures methane transported by underlying gas chimneys through its pore structure, forming and enriching natural gas hydrate under high-pressure and low-temperature conditions; second, differential accumulation of hydrate leads to pore blockage, forming a "self-sealing cap" effect that allows the lower gas pressure to continue to accumulate; and finally, when the overpressure breaks through the overlying mudstone caprock, it triggers secondary hydraulic fracturing to form new gas channels, opening a new round of gas escape.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 季觉苏
I am a CT scan image. In the past, I was actually quite capable, but sometimes when doctors wanted "8K ultra-high definition," I could only deliver a "720P" version. When faced with smaller, more complex lesions, I often felt inadequate.
However, now I have evolved into an image produced by photon-counting spectral CT. My pixels are only 0.2 millimeters, which is 1/9 of the pixel area of traditional CT. Doctors can see the subtle structures in the cochlea, capture the vascular patterns when the heart beats, and leave tiny lesions nowhere to hide. I can also distinguish the components of iodine, calcium, and water in tissues, allowing doctors to see the body like a "color map" and provide more intuitive and accurate diagnostic information. At the same time, my radiation dose is reduced by 60%-70% compared to the past, and some examinations can even be reduced to 90%. Patients can receive less radiation, while doctors can obtain more and clearer information.
In the past, only two foreign-funded companies had achieved the commercialization of photon-counting spectral CT. Now, United Imaging Healthcare (联影医疗), a domestic company, has successfully independently developed it and officially obtained approval for marketing from the National Medical Products Administration (国家药品监督管理局). Not long ago, domestic photon-counting spectral CT arrived at Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University (复旦大学附属中山医院) and Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院), and I entered clinical testing and medical research.
Doctors said they had been waiting for me for a long time. Yan Fuhua (严福华), director of the Department of Radiology at Ruijin Hospital, exclaimed that my resolution has reached the leading level in the industry and can detect tiny lesions earlier and more clearly. Especially the heart, which is the most difficult organ to image with CT, as it beats constantly, and the resulting images are easily blurred. In the past, doctors viewing heart images was like trying to take a snapshot of a child, laborious and not necessarily successful. But I can "capture" the moment the heart beats, showing the blood vessels, valves, and internal structures one by one.
You may want to ask, with me being so powerful, where exactly can I be used?
There are many uses. For example, in the early identification of lung nodules, I can clearly see whether its edges are rough and whether the density is different; to assess the risk of coronary artery calcification, I can help doctors analyze the location, volume, and composition of calcified plaques; in tumor treatment, I can also analyze tumor homology to help doctors determine whether it is a recurrence, metastasis, or benign hyperplasia... In short, where things can be discovered earlier, I discover them earlier; where things need to be more refined, I am more refined; where it is necessary to judge "what exactly it is," I can also tell doctors the "component analysis results."
How exactly did I evolve?
My "foundation" has changed. Traditional CT must first use a scintillator to convert X-rays into visible light, and then into electrical signals, which cannot identify individual photons in each beam of X-rays. And I use a semiconductor detector, which can accurately capture the energy of each photon, realizing direct photoelectric conversion.
In order to make me more powerful, the research team has made many technological innovations in architecture and algorithms, achieving ultra-high-resolution imaging with full collimation coverage. Even for large and demanding areas such as the heart, I can handle it with ease.
In 2023, United Imaging (联影) led a joint effort with Zhongshan Hospital (中山医院), Ruijin Hospital (瑞金医院), and other institutions to undertake the Ministry of Science and Technology's (科技部) "14th Five-Year Plan" (十四五) National Key R&D Program (国家重点研发计划) "Diagnosis and Treatment Equipment and Biomedical Materials" (诊疗装备与生物医用材料) key project – photon-counting spectral CT R&D. This is a collaborative effort spanning R&D, manufacturing, and clinical application. Zeng Mengsu (曾蒙苏), director of the Department of Radiological Diagnosis at Zhongshan Hospital, said that in the future, photon-counting spectral CT is expected to become the mainstream CT, and there is a very large space for further research on various diseases.
My story has only just begun. From entering hospitals from laboratories, from research projects to clinical tools, in the future, I will witness the recovery and rebirth of more people, and I will continue to evolve, helping doctors see more clearly and accurately, and helping patients reduce more pain.
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (新华社北京), planting more trees helps cool the Earth, but the location of planting is very important. Researchers from the United States, the United Kingdom and other countries recently published a paper saying that planting trees in the tropics can bring better climate benefits, because the trees there are evergreen all year round, can absorb more carbon dioxide, and cool the air through transpiration. The paper has been published in the British journal "Nature Partner Journals-Climate and Atmospheric Science".
The researchers analyzed that tree roots absorb water from the soil, and the water is transported along the trunk to the leaves. When the stomata on the leaves open and absorb carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, some of the water evaporates into the air. This process not only cools the surface air, but also cools the trees themselves, just like humans sweating to cool their bodies. In many tropical regions, trees almost always have water available, which increases transpiration.
The researchers said that this is not to let people cut down trees in high-latitude regions, because they have multiple benefits for ecosystems and biodiversity, can reduce carbon dioxide emissions and cool the surrounding environment. People need to find a "just right" balance of tree planting in each region, and only the right number of trees can bring stronger and more positive climate effects.
Return to TopLayout design: Zhang Danfeng (张丹峰) and Wang Zheping (汪哲平)
Return to TopBy: 孟庆旭
Steeled bones fight strong enemies, mountains and rivers do not forget the monuments. Recently, to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, the fourth batch of 34 national-level memorial facilities and sites for the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the fourth batch of 43 famous anti-Japanese martyrs and heroic groups were announced. The Hongshilazi Anti-Japanese Base Site (红石砬子抗日根据地遗址) and the patriotic overseas Chinese, Ant Guangyan (蚁光炎), are among them. Let us walk into the heroic land and heroic stories together, and feel the great spirit of the War of Resistance.
——Editor
In the early winter of 93 years ago, General Yang Jingyu (杨靖宇) led the anti-Japanese troops to the Hongshilazi (红石砬子) mountainous area of Panshi (磐石), Jilin (吉林), using his life to explore the road to national liberation.
In the early winter of 2021, our archaeological team followed in the footsteps of General Yang Jingyu (杨靖宇) and came to Hongshilazi (红石砬子), using hand shovels to uncover the 14-year history of the War of Resistance hidden under the forest leaves.
Bajia Gou (八家沟), an obscure small mountain gully, is located deep within the Hongshilazi (红石砬子) mountains. It is difficult for ordinary people to find the low buildings hidden at the foot of the mountain, built in a simple and crude manner. This type of building is archaeologically known as a semi-subterranean house, which also has another well-known name - Diyinzi (地窨子). In those days, the anti-Japanese soldiers stood guard here, temporarily sheltering from the wind and rain.
Reaching the real anti-Japanese camp requires trekking through mountains and rivers, crossing a deep and steep stream valley. Standing in front of you is a short wall, blocking the path up the mountain. Behind the short wall are several Diyinzi (地窨子) arranged side by side. This is the second sentry post set up by the anti-Japanese troops. After passing the second sentry post, the entire slope is covered with trees and boulders, which is very conducive to concealment and ambush operations.
Winding around the stones, you can see some stones engraved with words such as "Clothing Factory" (被服厂), "Armory" (枪械所), and "Newspaper Office" (报社). These are the marks engraved by later generations after being identified by the anti-Japanese soldiers of that year. The archaeological work in this area did not find traces of buildings, but unearthed a lot of gun parts and small tools. The anti-Japanese soldiers also did not mention their architectural form, so it can be seen that the production activity places of that year mostly used the terrain, with boulders as walls and tree shade as shelter, to carry out clothing production and gun repair work under the sky. Even such simple conditions are unique to the Hongshilazi (红石砬子) site as an early anti-Japanese guerrilla base. In the later period of the anti-Japanese activities, the battle situation deteriorated, and these simple production activities could not be carried out normally.
Crossing this production activity area, you are close to the top of the Hongshilazi (红石砬子) mountain range. At the foot of the mountain, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, there is a row of houses. These houses are close to semi-subterranean, the houses are low, and they are almost integrated with the mountain color. These houses are the anti-Japanese "secret camp" (密营). In the early years, identified by surviving anti-Japanese soldiers, General Yang Jingyu (杨靖宇) and the Panshi County Party Committee (磐石县委) and other organs lived here.
General Yang Jingyu's (杨靖宇) residence is no different from other houses, except that two brushes were unearthed in his room. He once used a brush to write patriotic poems, and used his life to write "The mere four islands of Japan will never be able to destroy China... The belief in resisting Japan and saving the country is as solid as a rock" (区区日本四岛，断无亡我中华之力……抗日救国之信仰，坚如磐石). It is also known that the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression is not only a life-and-death struggle of iron and blood, but also a battle for the survival of cultural beliefs.
On the hillside behind these houses, two rows of staggered combat fortifications are hidden. These combat fortifications are built on the hillside, dug down into crescent-shaped trenches, and the excavated soil and rocks are piled in front of the trenches to form breast wall shelters. The same number of combat fortifications are also built on the ridge, forming a combat defense system with staggered heights, protecting the anti-Japanese "secret camp" (密营) at the foot of the mountain. Following the hillside behind the "secret camp" (密营) houses, you can go straight to the ridge. On the ridge is a winding forest path, which leads to other "secret camps" (密营) in the base area. The above-mentioned various things form an anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare system that can fight and retreat.
In contrast, the terrain in Xiaoyaojiagou (小姚家沟) is relatively open, and the residential function is prominent in the relic system. Entering along the valley road, passing the Shiren Gou Diyinzi (石人沟地窨子) sentry post on the way, and continuing for hundreds of meters, you will arrive at the Xiaoyaojiagou (小姚家沟) anti-Japanese station. Crossing the Diyinzi (地窨子) sentry post at the entrance of the valley, under the surveillance of the combat fortifications on the opposite side, the Xiaoyaojiagou (小姚家沟) residential area is unobstructed. Five stone-built Kang (火炕) house sites are distributed in sequence on the platform in front of the mountain along the mountain. The residential area ends with the Diyinzi (地窨子) sentry post, echoing the Diyinzi (地窨子) at the entrance of the valley, providing complete vigilance for the residential area. These house sites are the main residences of the anti-Japanese soldiers, leaving a large number of traces of production, life and combat, rubber shoe soles, bullet casings, Zhaqiang (扎枪), long knives... These cultural relics are all telling the story of the soldiers' perseverance.
At the end of the residential area, there is a seepage well, which is the "Red Army Spring" (红军泉) passed down by the local people, reflecting the survival wisdom of the anti-Japanese soldiers. The surface water in this valley is abundant, and water-saturated depressions are often formed at the intersection of valleys. With a little digging and building a stone circle, an artificial spring with a diameter of about one or two meters can be formed, with a gratifying amount of water, which eventually flows along the mountain to the creek valley on the south side, becoming the main water source for the anti-Japanese soldiers.
Following the water source of the residential area back to the valley road, is the strategic transfer area. This is an artificially leveled square of nearly 100 square meters. A platform is formed by cutting and shaving the high place, and a retaining wall is built with stones at the bottom of the slope, and a drainage ditch is left on the slope, and the drainage ditch is filled with gravel to solidify the soil. Such transfer areas are common in places where valleys meet, wide and hidden, and the terrain is high. It is convenient for soldiers to gather here to discuss strategic actions. It is an important place for carrying out meetings, training, and production.
The combat area is located in the middle zone between the transfer area and the residential area, often close to the slope of the ridge, scattered with a large number of combat fortifications. These combat fortifications are either distributed at the mountain mouth and valley mouth to form a vigilance force, or distributed in a stepped manner along the slope to form an armed guerrilla position. It is the largest type of relic in the Hongshilazi (红石砬子) site. Relying on these simple shelter fortifications, the anti-Japanese soldiers shuttled through the mountains and forests, fighting bloody battles to defend their homes and the country.
This set of anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare system not only guaranteed the survival struggle of the anti-Japanese troops in Hongshilazi (红石砬子), but also provided valuable experience for the later anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare in Northeast China and even the whole country. In a sense, Hongshilazi (红石砬子) is not only a "base area" in the geographical sense, but also a military academy without walls, cultivating countless anti-Japanese generals like Yang Jingyu (杨靖宇) and Li Hongguang (李红光).
Through time, the silent stones, the broken utensils, the blurred fortifications, those anti-Japanese martyrs who fought bloody battles for national independence and people's liberation are declaring the power of faith and courage to the world. This may be the most profound historical echo and practical value of the Hongshilazi Anti-Japanese Base Site (红石砬子抗日根据地遗址).
Return to TopBy: 宁 一
In the exhibition hall of the China Overseas Chinese History Museum (中国华侨历史博物馆), several special collections are quietly displayed, telling the story of a patriotic overseas Chinese leader's deep love for his country. These collections all come from Yi Jinzhong (蚁锦中), the son of Yi Guangyan (蚁光炎), a leader of the Thai overseas Chinese in carrying out the anti-Japanese national salvation movement and chairman of the Thai Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (泰国中华总商会). In 2008, with his remembrance of his father and his sense of responsibility for historical inheritance, he donated these precious objects to the China Overseas Chinese History Museum (中国华侨历史博物馆). Behind each collection is a moving story.
In the museum's fourth exhibition hall, there is a photo of the 1939 Thai Overseas Chinese Public Memorial for Mr. Yi Guangyan. In the photo, many Thai overseas Chinese look solemn and sad, mourning with heavy hearts this overseas Chinese leader who made outstanding contributions to the anti-Japanese national salvation cause. Those firm and sorrowful faces show the strong cohesion of overseas Chinese in the face of national crisis, uniting as one to resist foreign enemies.
Next to the display case, a white cheongsam stained with Yi Guangyan's blood when he was murdered in November 1939 silently accuses the enemy's brutality. On the evening of November 21, 1939, patriotic overseas Chinese leader Yi Guangyan and his wife, Liu Ruoying (刘若英), were attacked by Japanese puppet gunmen in front of the Hangzhou Theater (杭州戏院) on Yaohua Road (耀华力路) in Bangkok (曼谷). The sinful bullets pierced Yi Guangyan's body, and his blood stained the white cheongsam of his wife's younger sister, Liu Suying (刘素影). This cheongsam became direct physical evidence of that dark history, witnessing the price of life paid by a patriotic overseas Chinese leader for justice and for the motherland. Even in the face of death threats, Mr. Yi Guangyan always stood firmly on the front line of the anti-Japanese national salvation movement, without flinching, using his life to interpret his love for the motherland.
The museum also treasures a "dedication to the country" (为国捐躯) mourning banner presented by Nanyang Film Company (南星影片有限公司) at Mr. Yi Guangyan's funeral in 1939. Yellow background with black characters, solemn and respectful, the short four characters highly summarize Mr. Yi Guangyan's glorious and heroic life. At the critical moment when the country was invaded and the nation was in peril, Yi Guangyan stepped forward, using his influence in the Thai business and overseas Chinese communities to actively organize anti-Japanese national salvation activities. He took the lead in refusing to sell rice to Japan, boycotting Japanese goods, and weakening the material supply of the Japanese invaders; organized charity performances and danced "National Salvation Lion Dance" (救国醒狮), inspiring the patriotic enthusiasm of overseas Chinese; and took the lead in subscribing to national salvation bonds, raising a large amount of foreign exchange funds for China's war of resistance. He also sent letters in the name of the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (中华总商会) to introduce patriotic overseas Chinese students to study at the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Public School (陕北公学), and funded travel expenses. He traveled around for the motherland's war of resistance, 呕心沥血 (ǒu xīn lì xuè - "vomit heart bleed blood," to spare no effort; to work one's heart out), until he sacrificed his precious life. The "dedication to the country" mourning banner has become an eternal inscription of his heroic deeds for future generations.
The exhibition hall also contains a rubbing of Yi Guangyan's tomb inscription. The text on the tomb inscription records in detail Mr. Yi Guangyan's life deeds and great contributions. From his early years of hard work in Thailand, emerging in the business world with diligence and wisdom, to actively participating in the national salvation movement during the War of Resistance, not fearing power and threats, and always firmly supporting the motherland's war of resistance, Mr. Yi Guangyan's every step was firm and powerful. The tomb inscription is not only an affirmation of Mr. Yi Guangyan's personal achievements, but also a spiritual monument, inspiring generations of Chinese sons and daughters to strive unremittingly for national prosperity and national rejuvenation.
These collections, spanning time and space, gather at the China Overseas Chinese History Museum (中国华侨历史博物馆). They are witnesses to history and embody the indomitable spirit of the Chinese nation. Although Mr. Yi Guangyan has passed away, his patriotic deeds and noble spirit are permanently preserved through these collections and continue to inspire future generations.
Overseas Chinese are an important part of the anti-Japanese national united front, and the vast number of overseas Chinese compatriots made outstanding contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance, profoundly interpreting the important connotation of "sharing weal and woe and connecting destinies" in the Chinese national community consciousness. At such a historical moment this year, the China Overseas Chinese History Museum (中国华侨历史博物馆) has selected more than 300 pieces of physical objects, images, and documentary materials from its collection to present a panoramic view of the contributions of overseas Chinese in the War of Resistance Against Japan and the World Anti-Fascist War.
(The author is the Deputy Curator of the China Overseas Chinese History Museum (中国华侨历史博物馆))
Return to TopBy: 孙庆伟
On September 10th last year, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) visited the Baoji Bronzeware Museum (宝鸡青铜器博物院) in Shaanxi (陕西) and stood in front of the He Zun (何尊), lost in thought for a long time. In his New Year's message for 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Coming all the way from the inheritance of more than 5,000 years of Chinese civilization, the word 'China' is engraved on the bottom of the 'He Zun (何尊)' and even more so in the hearts of every Chinese son and daughter."
More than 3,000 years ago, the Zhou (周) people, a "small state" born in the "Western Land," began a new chapter in Chinese history. The western Guanzhong (关中) area was the great stage for the Zhou people to perform their "old state new mandate," and it was also the base for the Zhou people's "dwelling in the central state" (宅兹中国). The rise of the Zhou people and Zhou culture went through three major stages: establishing the clan, establishing the court, and establishing the teachings, with rich significance in the history of civilization—establishing the clan is the right to survival, establishing the court is the right to govern, and establishing the teachings is the right to civilization. Throughout ancient Chinese society, only the Zhou people were able to balance establishing the clan, establishing the court, and establishing the teachings, which is of great significance and far-reaching influence.
The Zhou people establishing their clan opened the historical prelude to China's long agricultural society, nurturing the Chinese nation's civilizational genes of following the laws of nature, being diligent and pragmatic, and being tenacious and unyielding. Ji Qi (姬弃), the ancestor of the Zhou people, was the son of Jiang Yuan (姜嫄). Because he "loved farming" and could "assess the suitability of the land," he was appointed as "Minister of Agriculture" by Emperor Yao (帝尧), and the Zhou people established their clan from this. The key three steps in the Zhou clan's development history, "Hou Ji's (后稷) rise, Gong Liu's (公刘) revival, and Gu Gong's (古公) flourishing," were all rooted in the correct choice of the entire clan to "engage in farming." As a result, the sages of the Zhou people had already summarized the historical experience that "the great matter of the people lies in agriculture," and the sage Duke of Zhou (周公) repeatedly warned the aristocratic children to always maintain the historical vigilance of "knowing the difficulty of planting and harvesting" (知稼穑之艰难).
The Zhou people establishing their court was a successful example of striving for governance and overcoming the strong with the weak, opening the "Yin-Zhou Transformation," a major turning point in Chinese politics and culture. The Zhou people themselves summarized the secret of the "small state of Zhou" overcoming the "great city of Shang" as being "generations of wise kings"—Gu Gong Danfu (古公亶父), Ji Li (季历), King Wen (文王), and King Wu (武王), four generations of clan leaders who worked hard to govern and continued to struggle, finally completing the feat of "reforming Yin" and receiving the mandate of heaven. In this nearly century-long historical process, the Zhou ruling class had far-sighted considerations, acted with moderation, hid in dormancy to bide their time and endure humiliation, and moved with the force of thunder and the weight of a thousand pounds, demonstrating a high degree of political planning and super policy execution.
When Gu Gong Danfu (古公亶父) lived in Bin (豳) (around present-day Xunyi (旬邑) and Binzhou (彬州) in Shaanxi (陕西)), the Zhou clan was repeatedly bullied and harassed by the Rongdi (戎狄) tribes. The people "all wanted to fight," but only Gu Gong (古公) assessed the situation, avoided their sharp edge, and moved the entire clan to Zhouyuan (周原) (at the junction of present-day Fufeng (扶风) and Qishan (岐山) in Baoji (宝鸡)), not only avoiding the danger of being exterminated by the Rongdi (戎狄), but also ushering in new opportunities for the Zhou clan's development and growth through marriage alliances with the local powerful Jiang (姜) clan. After Ji Li (季历) ascended the throne, he exchanged the opportunity for his clan to join the ruling class of the Shang Dynasty (商朝) through marriage with the Shang royal family. During the reign of King Wen (文王), on the one hand, he "attacked the nine states" to subdue the surrounding tribes, and on the other hand, he "treated the virtuous with courtesy," recruiting heroes from all directions, forming a vivid situation of "those near are pleased and those far come" (近悦远来) and "many talented people gathered" (济济多士 (jǐ jǐ duō shì - "abundant talented scholars," a large gathering of talented individuals)). After King Wu (武王) ascended the throne, he overcame all difficulties, encouraged the three armies to cross the Yellow River (黄河), and won the decisive victory in the Battle of Muye (牧野之战).
Building Luoyi (洛邑) was a key measure for the Zhou people to establish their court and "dwell in the central state" (宅兹中国). The national treasure He Zun (何尊), treasured in the Baoji Bronzeware Museum (宝鸡青铜器博物院), completely records this major historical event. "Dwelling in the central state" (宅兹中国) is a foundational event in the formation of the "pluralistic and integrated" Chinese civilization, and it is a key step in the Chinese civilization's transition from "how to be China" to "how to be unified."
The Zhou people establishing their teachings was aimed at "eternal peace and stability" (万世治安), used "creating rites and music" (制礼作乐) as a means, and used institutional innovation to drive cultural innovation, creating a new form of Chinese civilization with rites and music. Of the Zhou people's "three establishments," establishing the teachings was the most difficult and also the most valuable, demonstrating the Zhou people's strong sense of innovation and outstanding innovative ability. The early Zhou rulers, represented by King Wu (武王) and the Duke of Zhou (周公), had a strong sense of worry and deeply understood the principle that "the mandate of heaven is impermanent" (天命靡常) and "the mandate does not depend on permanence" (惟命不于常). Through reflecting on the "Yin mirror is not far away" (殷鉴不远) of the rise and fall of dynasties, they completely transformed the Yin people's view of the way of heaven, summarized the way of governance and chaos that "heaven has no favorites, only virtue is assisted" (皇天无亲，惟德是辅), emphasized that "matching virtue with heaven" (以德配天) is the only way to obtain the legitimacy of rule, shifted from the Yin people's emphasis on "ghosts" to the Zhou people's emphasis on "culture" in cultural tradition, and shifted from the theocratic politics of the Yin and Shang dynasties "leading the people to serve the gods" to the people-oriented politics of the Western Zhou Dynasty (西周王朝) "respecting virtue and protecting the people," realizing a major transformation in the humanization and rationalization of Chinese civilization.
A series of major archaeological discoveries in recent years have shown that the Zhouyuan Site (周原遗址) in Baoji (宝鸡) is the sacred place for the rise of the Zhou people and the sacred capital of the Western Zhou Dynasty (西周王朝)—Zongzhou (宗周), which can be called the "cradle of rites and music civilization and the source of virtuous governance thought." As an archaeologist, what a privilege it is to have the opportunity to work at the Zhouyuan Site (周原遗址), to touch history, and to understand civilization! And the enlightenment of the Zhou people's rise has become a valuable asset for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.
(The author is the President of Northwest University (西北大学))
Return to TopBy: 程 义
The Suzhou Archaeological Museum, which has been under construction for several years, has opened. The primary mission of the Archaeological Museum is to reveal historical truth and disseminate archaeological knowledge. As the first archaeological museum in Jiangsu Province (江苏省), its primary pursuit is to "rectify the name" of archaeology.
In the "Hand Shovel Interprets Heavenly Book - Exploration and Experience of Field Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Conservation Technology" unit, visitors can see the professional tools we exhibit: soil probes, hand shovels, and various surveying and mapping tools, as well as archaeologists' handwritten excavation records, excavation logs, and sketches of sites. There is also a full outdoor archaeological process exhibited in the form of a model. On an enlarged excavation section wall, soil quality and color are displayed through actual soil samples and interactive devices, allowing visitors to intuitively understand how outdoor archaeology is carried out.
In order to differentiate ourselves from comprehensive museums, we have determined that the standards for consideration should be site units, typical artifact combinations, and chronological order. We have carefully selected more than a thousand pieces/sets of cultural relics as the focus of the exhibition. Visitors can see a real historical cross-section through a ash pit, a water well, and a section of strata. For thousands of years, the splendor and exquisiteness of ancient life were actually 凤毛麟角 (fèng máo lín jiǎo - "phoenix feather unicorn horn," extremely rare and precious). The daily utensils of ordinary people were still mainly various pottery. Simple and unadorned pottery is the favorite of archaeologists: pottery is abundant and easy to obtain, but it is easily damaged, so the shape changes quickly, which is very helpful for dating historical sites.
The Suzhou Archaeological Museum displays a large number of pottery pieces, and the differences in pottery quality, pottery color, and shape are obvious. At this time, we took the opportunity to propose the concept of typology, using a group of Liangzhu Culture (良渚文化) double-nosed pots to show the evolution of the shape from early low and short to late tall and thin. Another group of artifacts is a comparison of Tao Dou (陶豆) from the Majiabang Culture (马家浜文化) and the Songze Culture (崧泽文化). The pottery that "looks the same" appearing in the display cabinets actually has differences in patterns, volume, processing technology, and other aspects. The frequent appearance of similar artifacts and their appearance in groups in sites from different times is precisely an important manifestation of elements such as order and hierarchy in the development of human civilization, and is one of the focuses of archaeological research. Through the display of a large number of pottery pieces, we hope that visitors can "see" the life imprints of ordinary people in different historical periods.
The Suzhou Archaeological Museum also exhibits many broken or very small cultural relics. Some fragments are to show the process of cultural relic restoration, and some other fragments cannot be restored at all, but they are of great significance. We have optimized the display methods, display positions, and text descriptions as much as possible to make them occupy the "C position" in the display cabinets. For example, the "Wu Shi (吴市)" pottery inscription fragment unearthed from Hentang Lane North (混堂巷北), Gusu District (姑苏区), Suzhou (苏州). This fragment is the bottom of a jar. The writing of the character "Wu (吴)" is very special and has the style of Chu (楚国) characters, while the character "Shi (市)" is a typical Qin (秦系) character writing style. The simultaneous appearance of Chu elements and Qin elements on one artifact fully reflects a detail of the implementation of the "writing with the same characters" system during Qin's unification of the Six Kingdoms, and also reflects that in the process of unification, the market management system originally used in the Guanzhong (关中) area was rapidly implemented in the newly conquered areas.
Another red pottery measuring vessel unearthed from Yutiandeng Lane North (余天灯巷北) is missing nearly half of it. Fortunately, the words "Wu Shi Liang (吴市量)" were found on the mouth rim of this pottery measuring vessel, and the words "Ke Ji Ke Ji Zhi Shao (苛稷苛稷之筲)" were found at the bottom. The writing of "Shi (市)" is in Chu characters, and "Shao (筲)" is also a Chu measuring vessel. Combining the two, it can be determined that this is an official Chu measuring vessel. The discovery of this artifact proves the history of the Chu state ruling the old land of Wu and Yue, and may even be one of the physical evidences of "Lord Chunshen (春申君) governing Wu (吴)," so it is particularly critical. There are many such small artifacts reflecting big history in the display cabinets of the Suzhou Archaeological Museum.
Small pottery pieces reflect big history. The Suzhou Archaeological Museum is a professional museum with cultural relics unearthed in Suzhou as its basic exhibits. Archaeologists like it very much, but how to balance the needs of professionals and ordinary audiences is still an arduous task, and we will work harder.
(Author's unit: Suzhou Archaeological Museum (苏州考古博物馆))
Return to TopBy: 崔 航
Sichuan (四川) is a major province for cultural relics. In the fourth national cultural relics census, Sichuan (四川) formed a census team composed of grassroots cultural relics protectionists, township cadres, local scholars, and village and community workers to conduct on-site reviews of all 65,231 immovable cultural relics from the "Third Census" in the province. At the same time, 13 special investigations were organized, and a number of important cultural relics were newly discovered, yielding fruitful results.
The Ming Dynasty Shu Prince Duan Mausoleum (明蜀端王陵) is located in Baojiangqiao Community (包江桥社区), Liujiang Street (柳江街道), Jinjiang District (锦江区), Chengdu (成都市). It is the mausoleum of the Ming Dynasty Shu Prince Duan (明代蜀端王) and his consorts, and it was rediscovered in the fourth national cultural relics census. The Ming Dynasty Shu Prince Duan Mausoleum (明蜀端王陵) consists of two parts: the tomb chamber and the buildings in front of the mausoleum. The tomb chamber features a "Double Phoenix Facing the Sun" relief pattern (see picture) and a "Flowers and Grasses with Rolling Clouds" caisson pattern painted on the top. Nearly 400 funerary objects, such as standing figurines, equestrian figurines, glazed pottery tripods, and jade plates, were unearthed from the tomb. The Ming Dynasty Shu Prince Duan Mausoleum (明蜀端王陵) has a clear shape, intact structure, and rich unearthed objects, images, and written materials, which are of great significance for studying the funeral customs of Ming Dynasty princes. The large-scale buildings in front of the mausoleum are of great value for studying the layout of Ming Dynasty prince mausoleums and the architectural forms of the Ming Dynasty.
The Zitong Guanji Well (梓潼关基井) is located in Zitong County (梓潼县), Mianyang City (绵阳市), and is China's first ultra-deep well exceeding 7,000 meters. During the census, Guanji Well (关基井) was investigated and registered as a newly discovered cultural relic due to its important historical, scientific, and cultural value. At present, the Northwest Sichuan Gas Mine (川西北气矿) has leveled the ground within the Guanji Well site and set up a fence for protection. A sign with the words "China's First Ultra-Deep Well" has been erected at the entrance of the fence. The completion of Guanji Well (关基井) has raised the domestic ultra-deep well drilling technology to a new level, making China the fourth country in the world capable of drilling ultra-deep wells above 7,000 meters.
The Xujia Gai (徐家陔) to Wenlinpu (文林铺) section of the Cuiyun Corridor (翠云廊) is located in Jiange County (剑阁县), Guangyuan City (广元市), with a length of nearly 20 kilometers and a width of about 3 meters. There is also an ancient stone bridge at the Lanmen Weir (拦门堰) along the route. According to the "Jiange County Chronicle" (剑州志) of the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty: "From Jiange (剑阁) south to Langzhou (阆州), and west to Zitong (梓潼), for more than 300 li, Li Bi (李璧), the prefect of the Zhengde period of the Ming Dynasty, built roads with stones and planted hundreds of thousands of cypress trees on both sides. Now they are all embracing, like winding green dragons, and the sun cannot be seen in summer. Therefore, it was titled 'Cuiyun Corridor (翠云廊)'." This section is mainly distributed on mountain ridges, and basically maintains the original appearance of the Ming and Qing Dynasties as a whole. The imperial cypresses are densely distributed along the route, and the local people also call it "Imperial Cypress Ridge (皇柏梁)," which provides valuable physical evidence for in-depth research on the formation history, road construction forms, and orientation of the Cuiyun Corridor Jianlang Road (翠云廊剑阆道).
During the census, the census team members overcame various difficulties, formed their own experiences, and grew.
In response to carrying out census operations in high-altitude areas, the Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (甘孜藏族自治州) census team specially customized a plateau version of the census tool kit, including cold-resistant batteries, wind-proof and obstacle-avoiding drones, portable pulse oximeters, etc., to ensure that team members can operate continuously for 4 hours in high-altitude areas without equipment failure.
When investigating ancient tombs on high mountain slopes, facing difficulties such as road obliteration and vegetation blockage, the census team members of Songpan County (松潘县), Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture (阿坝藏族羌族自治州), adopted a manual rotation road opening mode, and completed data collection after more than 3 hours of continuous operation. All team members encountered dense attacks from leeches, but still insisted on completing the standardized data collection process.
In the primitive forest area at an altitude of 4,200 meters, the census team members of Muli Tibetan Autonomous County (木里藏族自治县), Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (凉山彝族自治州), used ropes to tightly bind their bodies and moved cautiously on nearly vertical rock walls - under their feet was a hundred-meter abyss, and in their hands they held surveying instruments. Cutting vines with knives and climbing with bare hands, every step forward was thrilling...
The "Fourth Census" is in progress. Climbing on cliffs and traveling through dense forests, cultural relics census takers are using their feet to explore the civilization relics of the Sichuan (川) and Shu (蜀) lands, interpreting the contemporary connotation of cultural relics protection.
Return to TopBy: 刘文飞
I followed my mother on another visit to my birthplace, a small village called Qilongmiao (骑龙庙) in Lu'an (六安), Anhui (安徽), accompanied by my younger siblings. We drove a van, stopping briefly at Jiangjiadian Town (江家店镇), which Qilongmiao (骑龙庙) belongs to, and picked up two of my mother's former students. The group then drove to Qilongmiao (骑龙庙), about 3 kilometers away.
According to the navigation, the car stopped at Qilongmiao (骑龙庙), but what was in front of us was a newly built brick factory. My mother, looking puzzled, had just gotten out of the car when someone among the brick factory workers shouted, "Teacher Kuai (蒯老师)!" This person turned out to be my childhood playmate, and he could even name all of my siblings and me by our childhood nicknames. With his guidance, my mother realized that the former site of Qilongmiao Primary School (骑龙庙小学), where she and my father had worked, was now the warehouse where bricks were stacked. My mother walked back and forth a few steps, stopping in a slightly north-of-center position in the factory, and said with certainty, "This is where that big ginkgo tree was!"
In 1955, my father, a graduate of Lu'an Normal School (六安师范学校), came to teach at Qilongmiao Primary School (骑龙庙小学). Three years later, in 1958, my mother also came here after graduating from Jinzhai Normal School (金寨师范学校). Their meeting was accidental, a matter of fate, but their love was almost inevitable. My father's ancestral home was in Shandong (山东). His height of nearly 1.8 meters was considered striking in the local area. He also had a standard square face, thick eyebrows, and large eyes, and he always had a smile on his face. My mother was born in Shanghai (上海). Her father was the owner of a small yarn factory in Shanghai (上海). After the founding of New China, she returned to her ancestral home of Hefei (合肥) with her father. After graduating from Hefei No. 3 Middle School (合肥三中), she was admitted to Jinzhai Normal School (金寨师范学校). Growing up in Shanghai (上海) and Hefei (合肥), her "urban style" must have been obvious at the time. This golden couple were the only two outsiders, city dwellers, and intellectuals within a radius of dozens of miles. If they hadn't fallen in love at the time, it would have been difficult to understand. A little over a year later, at the end of 1959, I was born, at Qilongmiao Primary School (骑龙庙小学).
I don't remember what Qilongmiao Primary School (骑龙庙小学) looked like back then, nor have I ever seen any photos from that time. Twenty years ago, I went back with my parents and discovered that it was just a square courtyard surrounded by about a dozen houses. The houses were dilapidated, the desks and chairs were broken, and an elderly female teacher was drying radish strips in the yard. However, according to my parents, when they came to this primary school, the school was indeed located in a temple. In this school built on a dilapidated temple, my parents worked for five or six years. In my memory, my parents rarely mentioned their hardships back then, but through the occasional snippets they later revealed, I can still reconstruct their life and work at that time to some extent. My mother said that she delivered me herself when I was born; she had to use a club to break through the thick ice on the pond before she could wash clothes; I couldn't get enough milk, and it was my maternal grandmother who saved my life by sending several cans of condensed milk from Hefei (合肥). My father said that the school was very desolate back then, and the only neighbor was a hunter surnamed Ma (马), who made a living by hunting pheasants and rabbits. The school was surrounded by trees, and at night you could even hear wolves howling... I do have a little memory of the big ginkgo tree (the ginkgo tree) that my mother mentioned. I remember there was also a peach tree next to it.
My parents had urban household registrations, and their parents and siblings all lived in the city. They were both graduates of normal schools. With their education and connections, it shouldn't have been difficult to find a school in the county seat or even the provincial capital to work as teachers. However, they worked silently at Qilongmiao Primary School (骑龙庙小学), a "junior primary school" (初小) (chū xiǎo - "junior primary," a primary school with only 3 grades), until they were transferred to a "complete primary school" (完小) (wán xiǎo - "complete primary," a primary school with 6 grades) due to their outstanding work. That was a slightly larger school built in a slightly larger temple—Nanyuemiao Primary School (南岳庙小学).
We drove to Nanyuemiao (南岳庙). My mother saw the telephone poles outside the car window and told me softly that when she brought me back to Qilongmiao (骑龙庙) from Hefei (合肥), she had to get off the bus at Jiangdian (江店) and walk back to Qilongmiao (骑龙庙). She tied me to her back with a cloth belt and carried the luggage she had brought back from Hefei (合肥) in both hands. On the way, she would count the telephone poles along the road. Every five telephone poles, she would lean against the pole, catch her breath, and then continue on.
Compared to Qilongmiao Village (骑龙庙村), Nanyuemiao Town (南岳庙镇) was dozens of times larger. At that time, it may have had hundreds of households and was a well-known market town. Every morning, the only street was bustling with people, and the sounds of vendors selling their wares rose and fell. In the center of the street, there were also shops such as department stores, supply and marketing cooperatives, and blacksmith shops, resembling a miniature city. The primary school located at the east end of the town was even more impressive, with dozens of houses. The school gate was tall and large. I remember there was a very high threshold that my younger brother, who was only three or four years old at the time, had difficulty crossing. He would first lie sideways on the threshold and then flip over. The厢房 (xiāng fáng - "side rooms") on both sides of the courtyard gradually rose with the terrain, making the main hall facing the gate appear very majestic. This became the school's auditorium. There were a pair of stone lions in front of the school gate, and my younger brother and I often rode on them, looking down at the playground and pond in front of the gate, like a pair of little door gods.
We arrived in Nanyuemiao Town (南岳庙镇) in the evening. After getting out of the car and walking on the streets of the town, we tried to recall our childhood memories. The location and direction of the streets were still the same, but the tiles on the roofs had been replaced with colored steel sheets, and the wooden doors in front of the shops had also been replaced with security doors. The streets were silent. Suddenly, a woman walked towards us. She recognized my mother in the dim light and exclaimed, "Teacher Kuai (蒯老师)!" Then she shouted to the surrounding area, "Teacher Kuai (蒯老师) is back!" The previously silent street suddenly heard a few doors opening, and in the blink of an eye, several of my mother's former students had gathered around her. This scene was very touching. Whether in Qilongmiao (骑龙庙) or Nanyuemiao (南岳庙), people could immediately recognize teachers they hadn't seen for many years, which perhaps proves that their former teachers, my parents, were very memorable figures in their lives.
Why did this area where my parents worked have so many place names with the character "miao" (庙, temple)? According to one of my mother's students, this is related to local folk legends, but I would like to offer a more straightforward explanation. Using abandoned temples to open schools is making the best use of resources and constitutes a symbolic act, namely that schools replace temples as the new place where the common people place their hopes.
At that time, for various reasons, my parents had actively requested to teach at a brigade primary school—Yinjiaban Primary School (殷家畈小学). Later, probably because of their outstanding work, they were transferred from Yinjiaban Primary School (殷家畈小学) to the commune seat, where they were responsible for establishing Fenluko Middle School (分路口中学). They started from scratch and built a junior high school on a barren hilltop. A few years later, my parents were transferred to Dushan Senior High School (独山高级中学), and then to the Hexi Party School (河西党校) of the Lu'an County (六安县) Party Committee, where they taught until retirement.
While working in rural schools, my parents had to support a large family with their meager salaries, but for those students who were poorer than us, my parents, despite their poverty, were always generous. They paid the tuition fees for students who couldn't afford them, and my siblings and I often found that our few clothes would suddenly appear on a student. My parents would make home visits time and time again to persuade parents who didn't want their children to continue their education to change their minds. They would take their students to Hefei (合肥) for visits, and the group of students walking barefoot on the streets of the provincial capital attracted surprised looks from passersby. Later, compared to my siblings and me, many of their students were admitted to better universities and found better jobs. Because of this, many of their students still treat my parents like their own parents.
My parents never talked grandly about how their dedication to the grassroots was contributing to the country's education cause. On the contrary, they said more often that they were forced by life and were doing it **为稻粱谋** (wèi dào liáng móu - "for rice and millet," to do something for a livelihood). They regarded teaching in the countryside for 30 years as a natural and self-evident thing. However, it is this "unconsciousness" that proves the importance and nobility of their actions. It was my parents and millions of people like my parents who sowed the seeds of knowledge in China's most barren cultural soil and maintained the cultural heritage of the countryside. Without people like them sticking to rural schools, it would have been difficult for millions of people to step out of the countryside after the reform and opening up and devote themselves to the tide of reform and opening up.
Nowadays, there are probably very few schools built on temples. Schools on temples are gradually being replaced by various modern schools, but I hope that the cultural flavor of rural China will not be diluted. Chinese society needs cultural temples and knowledge temples.
Return to TopBy: 蓑 依
Not long ago, I saw a sharing by physicist Yang Zhenning (杨振宁) about "Physics and Intuition."
How could physics, a building constructed with rigorous logic, be associated with a word that sounds somewhat ethereal? Mr. Yang (杨先生) explained that people are born with a set of primitive intuitions, but as learning deepens, new knowledge constantly conflicts with old intuitions. True growth occurs at the moment of "hardcore" effort—you must persevere until you internalize those counter-intuitive theories into a new, more powerful intuition.
I was struck by this. This isn't just about physics; it's also about the essence of writing. Writing, in essence, is an arduous yet fascinating journey of rebuilding intuition.
Our starting point in writing is a set of "factory settings" shaped by growth, reading, and personality—a kind of "template-like" straightforward expression. For example, when novices write about sadness, their instinct is to turn to "tears streaming down their face"; when writing about happiness, their first reaction is invariably "heart blossoming with joy." When I first learned to write, when writing about the grief of losing a loved one, I repeatedly used words like "heart-wrenching," "wanting to die from grief," and "tears falling like rain," fearing that others wouldn't feel my pain.
Once, I asked a writer for advice and handed him my manuscript. He didn't directly judge it but calmly told a story: "When my mother passed away, my father didn't shed a single tear. He just silently took out the sweater that my mother loved to wear the most and folded it three times, folding it more neatly than ever before." At that moment, I felt ashamed. It turned out that true sadness is not a hysterical emotional outburst but immense restraint. That conversation corrected my writing intuition: good expression should bypass "big words" and seek out actions unique to a particular moment, carrying warmth.
But rebuilding writing intuition is far more than just bidding farewell to clichés. Almost all writers inevitably go through a detour: to appear cultured, they can't wait to cram all the rhetoric into their articles. It wasn't until I read Wang Zengqi's (汪曾祺) description of grapes: "The grapevines sprout without the slightest restraint; they simply grow wildly!" Such straightforward words, like an old farmer squatting on the edge of a field chatting about everyday life, vividly capture the unrestrained vigor of the grapes. Only then did it dawn on me that all writers must go through a process from simple to complex, and then to a more advanced simplicity. The initial simplicity is a lack of ability, relying solely on primitive intuition; later, they learn techniques and begin to pile up rhetoric; eventually, they will discover that after understanding all the complexities, what we choose is still the most simple and precise sentence.
When intuition is repeatedly polished in this way, your eyes for seeing the world, your ears for hearing sounds, and your heart for feeling all things will have the ability to approach artistic creation. Buying soy milk in the morning, seeing the bean dregs on the stall owner's knuckles, will remind you of Xiao Hong's (萧红) description of her grandfather's hands like the bark of an old pine tree; taking a walk in the evening, a gust of wind rolls ginkgo leaves to your feet, and a thought pops up: the wind has crushed autumn. I record these on my phone; they are not conceived but jump out of intuition.
In my more than 10 years of writing, I have always felt that logic is important. But now, I increasingly feel that truly moving works often stem from a moment of intuition. First, there is a feeling that bursts forth, and then logic is needed to shape it. Intuition is a secret channel for creators to dialogue with the world.
In Beijing (北京) that year, under the old cypress trees in Ditan Park (地坛公园), Shi Tiesheng (史铁生), paralyzed in both legs, cast his gaze upon this desolate ancient park. "In a densely populated city, having such a quiet place is like God's painstaking arrangement." This arrangement that suddenly crashed into his heart became the most explosive intuition in *Me and Ditan* (《我与地坛》), and it was like a key that unlocked all of Shi Tiesheng's (史铁生) thoughts on fate. Later, every passage in the book grew from this original point of intuition. Those details about bees, ants, dew, about his mother secretly hiding behind a tree to watch him, about the question of why to live, are all like branches extending from the trunk, natural and powerful.
In the end, what is the mystery of writing intuition? It's just about living as a more sensitive person. The endpoint of this cultivation of intuition is not to become a person who can write but to become a person who is better at living. Because all words are ultimately echoes of life. All intuitions are ultimately your feelings about life.
Return to TopBy: 王子君
In the autumn of 2000, I came to Beijing (北京) from Hainan (海南). When I first arrived in Beijing (北京), my job was very stable, but even so, for a long time I didn't like Beijing (北京), let alone integrate into the city, and instead always thought about leaving. For a Southerner like me, Beijing (北京) was too big, had too much dust, and the work was too hard. I could never tell the difference between east, west, south, and north, and I always had to walk, squeeze onto buses, and take the subway constantly. Of course, another reason I didn't like Beijing (北京) was vanity; the vastness of the city made me feel as small as a speck of dust.
There were two things that made me want to leave even more.
One thing was that my niece was admitted to a university in Beijing (北京) and sometimes came to stay at my house on weekends. One morning, after she got up, she opened the curtains and exclaimed, "Why is the sky yellow?" I looked and saw that it was a dust storm, and I immediately felt down.
The other thing was that I, who hadn't had a high fever for many years, suddenly had a high fever. I couldn't bear it, so I went to the community clinic for an IV drip. But after coming down from the third floor, I couldn't walk even 20 meters. Leaning against the flower bed, I saw stars, had difficulty breathing, and tears flowed silently. After the high fever subsided, I thought about leaving Beijing (北京) as soon as possible.
However, the house I bought had already been renovated, so I moved in first. In the evening, standing on my own balcony, I suddenly saw a sky full of red clouds – the magnificent sight deeply intoxicated me.
It turned out that Beijing (北京) also had such beautiful sunsets! At that moment, my heart calmed down.
Sometimes when I take the subway and see it crowded with people, I wonder, what are people working hard for from dawn till dusk, enduring loneliness, and struggling in Beijing (北京)?
In the day-to-day contradiction of whether to leave or stay, the years passed, and I still live in Beijing (北京). I haven't left, but I haven't fallen in love with Beijing (北京) either.
The unit I work for moved to the southeast corner of Guang'anmen Bridge (广安门桥). It was spring, and the unit organized a spring walk along the Binhe Park (滨河公园). The willow leaves were green, the flowers were blooming, and the river had awakened. Everyone happily admired the flowers, enjoyed the scenery, took pictures, and lingered, 流连忘返 (liú lián wàng fǎn - "linger forgetting to return," to be so captivated by the scenery that one forgets to go home).
I also felt happy and wanted to write something. But after walking back and forth in this park for two springs, I couldn't write a single word. What would be the point of simply describing these flowers and scenery?
One winter day, I came to Binhe Park (滨河公园) again for a walk. Walking and walking in the quiet park with no one in sight, past the section where I usually walk, I looked up and suddenly saw Jinzhongdu Park (金中都公园).
This former imperial capital site, this ruin of Jinzhongdu (金中都), is now a people's park.
In an instant, I felt a shock!
Beijing (北京) is an ancient city with thousands of years of cultural accumulation. I suddenly understood that so many people come to Beijing (北京) because it has a profound cultural accumulation, and its charm and folk customs are intertwined. People living here can breathe and feel it at any time.
Inspiration struck, and passion erupted. I almost ran back to my residence and wrote "Spring is Coming to Guang'anmen (广安门)" in one breath. Guang'anmen (广安门) was once the entrance to the old city of Beijing (北京), and I think it is also the entrance to spring in Beijing (北京). When spring comes to Guang'anmen (广安门), spring comes to Beijing (北京).
After writing this article, I was pleasantly surprised to find that I had fallen in love with Beijing (北京). Because Beijing (北京) has long since developed from the dusty yesterday into a brand-new, beautiful "New Beijing (新北京)", and has also prospered into a world-class Beijing (北京)! In fact, I have witnessed the great changes in Beijing (北京), and my sweat of struggle has also been sprinkled in the course of Beijing's (北京) development!
New Beijing (新北京) has opened a door to creation for me. From then on, I seemed to have an extra pair of eyes for discovery.
Back then, when I went to Hainan (海南), it was said to be "rushing to Hainan (闯海南)," and "rushing" meant that I might create a new world, or I might end up with nothing. But in Beijing (北京), people say "Beijing Drift (北漂)". "Drift" means rootless and without support. But if "drifters" can take root and grow, it proves that this land has great attraction and inclusiveness. I am glad that I am no longer "drifting," I have found my roots. This root is the cultural power formed by the inclusiveness, integration, and openness of New Beijing (新北京). Moreover, I believe that it is the root of generations of "Beijing Drifters (北漂)" who stay in Beijing (北京) at all costs.
Return to TopOil painting "Outside the Window," by the artist Qiu Di (丘堤), collection of the National Art Museum of China (中国美术馆).
Return to TopBy: 陈崇正
When the smoke of gunpowder blackens the sky,
You summon the overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia to raise funds to save the nation.
Donations surge like a tide, flowing towards the depths of the war.
On the Burma Road, convoys cross the mountains.
Cliffs and precipices remember the patriots' vows.
Medicine and gasoline, the wheels carrying hope roll on.
Drivers hum nursery rhymes, rushing towards the artillery fire,
Like fish swimming against the current, swimming into the scalding sea.
Three thousand miles of war flames scorch the moonlit night in a foreign land.
In times of crisis, gather strength and move forward bravely.
You stand in the sea breeze, looking towards your homeland.
This is not just trade; it concerns the survival of a great nation.
Every penny is the journey home.
Every drop of blood irrigates the motherland's soil.
When the new China is recast in the salutes,
You use the stone carvings of Ao Garden (鳌园) to measure the width of the strait.
Every engraving leads to the unfinished ferry.
Now, that star named after you
Revolves in the universe.
The glazed roofs of the Jimei (集美) buildings emerge from the vastness of the Milky Way.
And under the Nanxun Building (南薰楼),
The root system of the bougainvillea is still spreading—
Passing through the piano keys of Gulangyu (鼓浪屿), tightly entwined with the mottled past of Southeast Asia.
Return to TopBy: 原 因
The narrow alleyway extends like a slender bamboo scroll into the depths, where diffused sunlight paints a picture: a woman dressed in indigo-dyed clothing, her hands gripping the ends of a large round tray, moving it up and down as she bends over, winnowing something. Approaching, it becomes clear that it's small dried shrimp rising and falling in the bamboo winnowing basket, each tiny red grain leaping hand-in-hand, flickering like flames. The woman tells me that after winnowing away the grass clippings, small snail shells, grit, and other debris from the shrimp, they can be used to make shrimp zha.
This is Fubao (福保), an ancient fishing village on the northern shore of Dianchi Lake (滇池). The sour and fragrant flavor of zha dishes has been steeped in the tides of Dianchi Lake for over a century, and it remains a homesickness that the people of Kunming (昆明) cannot abandon.
The character "鲊" (zhǎ) first appeared in Xu Shen's (许慎) "Shuowen Jiezi" (《说文解字》) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, originally referring to fish preserved with salt and red yeast rice, an ancient Chinese method of preserving food. By the Song Dynasty, the ingredients used for "鲊" had expanded from fish to meats and some vegetables. In Emperor Huizong of Song (宋徽宗) Zhao Ji's (赵佶) silk painting "Literary Gathering" (《文会图》), there are detailed depictions of exquisite utensils complementing zha dishes. Records in the document "Old Events in Wulin" (《武林旧事》) indicate that zha dishes entered the imperial banquets.
To my knowledge, there are not many places in the Central Plains that still preserve the custom of making and eating zha. However, in this southwestern border region, the lingering charm of the Song Dynasty still echoes – time, in its most simple way, has solidified the wisdom of farm families and the taste buds of the common people into amber, blossoming into a culinary flower that never withers.
"Just call me Sister Fang!" the woman says, rolling up her sleeves to her elbows. "Making zha is not difficult, but it holds a unique attention to detail."
As she speaks, Sister Fang leads us into a small room that could perhaps be called a workshop. Facing us is a rectangular table, with a dozen or so coarse pottery urns lined up along the wall. She places the winnowing basket on the table and pours out some slightly yellow powder from a pottery jar. "This is zha powder, made from stir-fried rice with star anise and tsaoko. But it can't be ground too finely, it needs to retain some coarseness, so that the fragrance of rice remains between the teeth." Turning around, she scoops out several spoonfuls of pickled peppers that have been sealed for many days from another pottery jar behind her. Thus, the white of the powder, the brown of the shrimp, and the bright red of the pickled peppers collide in the winnowing basket. As a spoonful of pickled pepper juice is poured down, the colorful mixture nestles together intimately, and the aroma suddenly shoots up to the rafters. At this point, Sister Fang pours them into a coarse pottery jar. When it's about eighty percent full, she grabs a handful of rice straw, twists it into a ball, and stuffs it into the pottery jar. After checking it and feeling that it's not secure enough, she grabs another handful of rice straw, twists it into a ball, and stuffs it into the pottery jar. After confirming that it is sealed tightly, she turns the mouth of the urn upside down on the brick floor, entrusting it to time for pickling. Looking at the pottery urn, I suddenly understand the so-called "unique attention to detail" – it is to let the distant fragrance of rice straw circulate in the belly of the pottery jar, allowing the flavor brewed by time to give rise to a different kind of allure.
After making the shrimp zha, Sister Fang enthusiastically invites us to taste her specialty. Water bamboo zha is as clear and white as jade, with a crisp and fragrant taste; carrot zha is orange-red like the sunset, with a sweet and sour taste; chili zha is as bright as cinnabar, hot and warming; locust flower zha is light yellow like gold, fresh and refreshing like tasting the spring sunshine; and there is also zha made with sea cabbage flowers, which is plain white with a hint of elegance, soft, glutinous, and sweet. The colors in front of us have a rich spectrum; the flavors in our mouths have a mellow hierarchy. We wield our chopsticks incessantly, enjoying the meal to the fullest. From Sister Fang's introduction, I learned that these zha dishes with different colors and flavors are all produced using the same ancestral methods as the shrimp zha.
Tasting these zha dishes made by Sister Fang, I, who have lived by Dianchi Lake for many years, was actually filled with the feeling of 人生若只如初见 (rén shēng ruò zhī rú chū jiàn - "life if only like first meeting," a feeling of freshness and novelty as if experiencing something for the first time).
Return to TopBy: 汤成难
After dinner, I walked alone on the village road. There were no figures on the road, only the sounds of insects and frogs weaving together. This road, which I often walk, is as steady as ever, not tempted by the noisy croaking of frogs all around. The wheat fields on both sides of the road have quietly turned into rice paddies - a stage-like change of scenery within a short week.
The fields are full of shimmering water, and the newly planted seedlings are arranged neatly. Some have not yet stabilized their roots, and their leaves are leaning diagonally on the water surface. A water strider suddenly jumped up, flying from one leaf to another, drawing a long ripple on the water surface; the moon's reflection, like a pancake in the water, was instantly shattered, twinkling into countless silver threads.
This land grows wheat for half the year and rice for the other half. Rice grows from early summer to late autumn, while wheat arrives in early winter and lasts until early summer. The life of rice begins with the summer heat. When your feet feel stuffy in your shoes, it's time to step barefoot into the muddy fields. The soil is soaked with water, making it soft, glutinous, and sticky. When you step on it, the wet mud oozes up between your toes, causing a ticklish sensation. After transplanting the rice seedlings, they grow wildly, the green is dense, and after a long summer, the rice ears bend down heavily.
I prefer wheat and wheat fields. Perhaps because the wheat fields silently accompany us through many long and desolate winters, the continuous green is the only vitality in the bleak season. As children, we loved to run and frolic in the wheat fields. The soil froze into hard fists, and the wheat seedlings were trampled by us, leaning in all directions - but they never bent over. In the following spring, they would straighten up again and stubbornly grow upwards. The wheat that we trampled into the soil took root deeper and more firmly.
After spring, the wheat fields seemed to change into golden robes overnight. The original earthy, immature atmosphere was replaced by a strong, exuberant, and mature scent. That scent permeated the air in late spring, unwilling to dissipate.
After the wheat is harvested, sparrows fly down to peck at the missed grains. Those wheat grains scattered in the ruts redefine growth on the trampled soil.
When I was a child, I liked farm work such as harvesting wheat, probably because I was fascinated by the refreshing scent of the wheat when it matured. Wheat is lively, restless, and appealing, unlike rice, which is too steady, even looking thoughtful and cunning. The wheat stalks are clean and neat, piled on the threshing floor. At night, we didn't go back, but slept on the wheat pile with the adults. The moon, stars, dew, wind, and the scent of wheat all became the most beautiful parts of my memory.
After the wheat is harvested, it is time to transplant the rice seedlings. The best hand at transplanting rice seedlings in the village is my second grandma (二奶奶). She is quick and efficient, and the seedlings are transplanted neatly, row by row, column by column. From the moment the seedlings enter the mud, she seems to plant herself in the rice paddy. She spends almost the entire summer soaking in the water, straightening the seedlings, and removing weeds. From the faint light of dawn to the twilight, my second grandma's field is the cleanest. She would not allow a single barnyard grass to survive to maturity.
Now, transplanting rice seedlings is all done by machines. I remember a few years ago, people still used the method of throwing seedlings: rice seeds germinated in plastic seedling trays, and when they grew to two fingers high, they were thrown into the paddy field with the roots and a broad bean-sized clod of mud. The weight of the clod pulled the seedlings to firmly root in the soil. Now, even throwing seedlings has become a thing of the past. Everything is done by rice transplanters. In the time it takes to smoke a cigarette, one mu (亩) of land is transplanted with seedlings. Yes, people can store their strength and use it for other things.
The moonlight is like gauze, the village road is quiet, and the sound of insects is denser. I stand on the ridge of the field, gazing at this land. The wheat grows upwards, living passionately; the rice droops downwards, bearing fruit deeply. These are their ways of living. The seasons rotate, people and crops support each other, shape each other, and watch over each other, each taking deep roots of fate in the soil.
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