Summary: The article focuses on the upcoming 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee, which will be held from October 20th to 23rd in Beijing, to discuss and formulate recommendations for the 15th Five-Year Plan. It emphasizes the importance of adhering to the Party's leadership to achieve socialist modernization and highlights China's unique path to modernization, distinguishing it from Western models. The article asserts that China's development should be based on its own strength, while continuing to deepen reform and opening up. The piece also emphasizes the importance of high-quality development and improving people's livelihoods. There is no mention of the United States or Sino-U.S. relations.
Summary: China's film industry has seen significant growth, with 2024 box office revenues already surpassing the total for 2023, and the animated film *Ne Zha* becoming a global success. The industry's development is linked to the nation's cultural memory and pursuit of the Chinese dream, supported by reforms, technological advancements, and policies promoting its strategic importance. Domestic films have gained market share and redefined blockbusters, reflecting a cultural confidence rooted in Chinese heritage and narratives like *The Wandering Earth*. China utilizes film for international cultural exchange and cooperation, including co-productions with Belt and Road countries, while also facing challenges from new media and industry imbalances.
Summary: The article reports on the economic development of Guoluo Zang Gongma Village in Qinghai, focusing on the success of e-commerce and livestreaming initiatives. In 2021, Xi Jinping visited the village, expressing his satisfaction with the positive changes and the well-being of the villagers. A local named Cai Rang Angxiu returned to the village to start an e-commerce business that takes advantage of the village's unique cultural and geographic characteristics. The village has established direct sales outlets in Shandong and Sichuan, facilitating broader access to its products. These initiatives have boosted the village's collective income through the sale of local products like yak and mutton.
Summary: As of late September 2023, China's Ministry of Public Security reports the country's motor vehicle ownership reached 465 million, with 363 million cars, and 556 million licensed drivers, making both totals the highest in the world. Since the 18th Party Congress, the Ministry has introduced over 160 administrative reforms to traffic management, saving citizens and businesses over 100 billion yuan. These reforms aim to meet the demands of high-quality economic and social development and the public's expectation for equal and convenient traffic management services. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A recent Politburo meeting emphasized the need to accelerate the construction of a unified national market and to conduct special actions to standardize law enforcement involving enterprises. Since March, over 50,000 cases related to outstanding administrative law enforcement issues involving enterprises have been investigated nationally. The government is focused on rectifying issues like arbitrary fees, fines, inspections, and cross-regional enforcement, aiming to create a more relaxed environment for businesses while maintaining essential regulatory oversight in areas like food safety and production safety. Digital technologies are being utilized to enhance enforcement effectiveness while minimizing disruption to businesses, with the Ministry of Justice noting that this helps to balance strict enforcement with service to enterprises.
Summary: Foreign companies are accelerating the establishment of R&D centers in China, with Beijing's number doubling since the end of last year and Shanghai exceeding 630. This shift from "Made in China" to "R&D in China" offers a new perspective on China's innovation. The article argues that a more open environment strengthens indigenous innovation capabilities. China's complete industrial sectors, abundant application scenarios, and the world's largest R&D workforce create a strong attraction for global innovation resources. It emphasizes that independent innovation happens in an open environment, not in isolation.
Summary: China's "world's largest clean energy corridor," comprised of six major hydroelectric power stations on the Yangtze River, has cumulatively generated over 4 trillion kilowatt-hours of electricity. The "six-reservoir joint operation" technology has contributed an additional 168 billion kilowatt-hours. The article highlights the Baihetan hydropower station, located on the Jinsha River bordering Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, as part of this achievement. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article focuses on advancements in China's grain production and distribution in Henan province, highlighting technological upgrades from smart farming to efficient grain storage. Grain farmer Zhou Jianshi uses technology to improve his yield, and is able to sell his grain easily with the help of a phone app. State-owned grain storage facilities are using sensors and other technologies to monitor and maintain grain quality. A milling company in Puyang is now able to produce dozens of different types of flour from one production line. Some products are also being exported to overseas markets.
Summary: The article discusses the rise of "instant retail" in China, where consumers order goods online from nearby stores or warehouses for delivery within an hour. This trend is driven by faster lifestyles and the increasing ability of platforms, stores, and delivery personnel to coordinate effectively using big data and efficient logistics. Instant retail has created a blue ocean for e-commerce platforms such as Taobao and JD, and has led to the emergence of new types of stores optimized for rapid fulfillment. The new retail logic also has a positive impact on the brands in better understanding consumers' needs.
Summary: China will implement new regulations starting November 1, 2025, to ensure fair access to oil and gas pipeline infrastructure, addressing what is considered a natural monopoly in the energy sector. The regulations, outlined in the "Oil and Gas Pipeline Facility Fair Access Supervision Method," aim to prevent discrimination and promote fair competition among various market players, including private companies, in accessing pipeline services. The rules clarify the scope of regulation, standardize service procedures, and mandate information disclosure to address information asymmetry. These measures are intended to improve resource allocation and enhance energy security by enabling diverse gas sources, including LNG imports, to access the national pipeline network. The regulations are also designed to prevent opaque operations and discriminatory treatment, removing "glass doors" and "revolving doors".
Summary: The 2025 National Beautiful Village Basketball Tournament (Village BA) finals took place on October 17th in Taipan Village, Guizhou Province. The Fujian Jinjiang team defeated the Hubei Xianfeng team with a score of 99-87 to win the championship. The article highlights the competitive spirit displayed during the final match.
Summary: The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region's 14th People's Congress elected Wang Weizhong as Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People's Congress, and Baogang as Chairman of the People's Government of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The article provides only these details.
Summary: According to data from China's State Taxation Administration, VAT invoice data indicates a rise in industrial equipment procurement and consumer spending in the first three quarters of the year. Specifically, industrial firms' purchases of machinery and equipment increased by 9.4% year-on-year. Retail sales of household appliances like refrigerators and televisions also saw significant growth, increasing by 48.3% and 26.8% respectively. This growth is attributed to policies promoting large-scale equipment upgrades and trade-ins of consumer goods.
Summary: China's film industry is experiencing significant growth, with box office revenues in 2024 already surpassing the total for 2023, and domestic animation reaching international levels. The industry's success is attributed to reforms, technological advancements, and a strong cultural identity, with domestic films accounting for over 70% of the market share in recent years. China's film industry is also actively engaging in international collaborations, such as co-productions with Belt and Road countries, and promoting Chinese films abroad. The article notes, however, that the industry faces challenges from new media formats, changing audience preferences, and structural issues requiring further reform.
Summary: A new Chinese-built bridge over the Demerara River in Guyana has opened, significantly reducing commute times and boosting trade, according to Guyanese President Ali. Built by China Railway Construction International Group (CRCC), the bridge is described as a "lifeline" that will reshape Georgetown's transportation and stimulate the regional economy. The project employed over 2,000 local workers and incorporated innovative construction techniques to address environmental challenges. Chinese Ambassador Yang Yang stated that the project represents the fulfillment of the "Belt and Road" initiative between China and Guyana, emphasizing the strong bilateral relationship. The article also mentions a second bridge being built by CRCC in Linden City.
Summary: This article celebrates the 55th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and Equatorial Guinea, emphasizing strong political trust, mutual support, and expanding economic cooperation. Equatorial Guinea firmly adheres to the One China Principle and supports China on issues related to Taiwan, Hong Kong, Xinjiang, and human rights, while standing against accusations of "debt traps" and "neo-colonialism." China has become Equatorial Guinea's largest trading partner, supporting its economic diversification and infrastructure development. In 2024, President Xi Jinping and President Obiang declared that the two countries' relationship will be elevated to a comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership.
Summary: Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng, the lead person in charge of China-U.S. economic and trade affairs, held a video call with U.S. Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen and Trade Representative Katherine Tai. The two sides engaged in frank, in-depth, and constructive communication on significant issues in bilateral economic and trade relations, focusing on implementing the consensus reached by the two countries' leaders in previous calls this year. They agreed to hold a new round of China-U.S. economic and trade consultations as soon as possible.
Summary: Luxembourg scholar Albert Ettinger, who studies Tibet, believes the real Tibet differs greatly from Western perceptions. Motivated by what he saw as biased Western media coverage of Tibet around 2008, Ettinger authored two books aiming to present a more accurate portrayal of the region's history and current state. Ettinger highlights the significant improvements in infrastructure and living standards since Tibet's "peaceful liberation," attributing these advancements to the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party. He dismisses Western criticisms regarding human rights, arguing that the lives of ordinary Tibetans are far better now than in the past, pointing to increased life expectancy and comprehensive healthcare. Ettinger refutes claims of cultural suppression, noting the widespread use of the Tibetan language, religious freedom, and efforts to preserve traditional culture.
Summary: The Belgrade-Budapest railway (Hungary-Serbia railway), a flagship project of China's cooperation with Central and Eastern European countries, has fully opened its Serbian section. Financed largely by the China Export-Import Bank and constructed by a Chinese consortium, the railway reduces travel time between Belgrade and Subotica significantly. Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić emphasized that without China, this achievement would not have been possible. The railway is the first Chinese high-speed rail to enter Europe and is the first project of Chinese rail technology and equipment to pass EU railway interoperability technical standards certification. The Hungarian section is expected to open in Spring next year.
Summary: The handover ceremony for the Ngorongoro-Lengai Geopark project, China's first foreign aid geological park project, was held in Tanzania. Tanzanian Vice President Mpango expressed gratitude for China's long-term support for Tanzania's infrastructure development, noting the park is sub-Saharan Africa's only geopark and the continent's second world geopark. The project was organized by China's Ministry of Commerce and implemented by the Tianjin Geological Survey Center of the China Geological Survey and China Railway 25th Bureau. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A Chinese naval fleet, designated as Flotilla 83, arrived at Sattahip Port in Thailand on October 16th for a four-day goodwill visit. The Chinese personnel will tour the Thai Royal Navy's HTMS Chakri Naruebet aircraft carrier and other facilities. They will also engage in exchanges with representatives from the Royal Thai Naval Academy, including discussions and friendly sports matches.
Summary: The 2025 China Baigou International Luggage Expo was held on October 18th in Gaobeidian City, Hebei Province, attracting over 500 international buyers and 100 cross-border sellers. The expo showcased luggage products to international merchants from over 50 countries and regions, including Russia, Egypt, and Iran. Zhang Wujun and Feng Yun provided photographic coverage of the event.
Summary: World-renowned physicist and Nobel laureate Yang Zhenning passed away in Beijing at the age of 103. Yang, who had returned to China after years in the U.S., expressed that his most important contribution was increasing the confidence of the Chinese people through his scientific achievements. In 1971, he made his first visit to China and subsequently worked to promote domestic science and technology exchange. He relinquished his U.S. citizenship in 2015, becoming an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Yang considered China's development and the progress of physics as his primary concerns.
Summary: Nobel laureate and prominent physicist Yang Zhenning passed away in Beijing on October 18th at the age of 103. Born in 1922, Yang received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957 for his work on parity violation. After returning to China two decades ago, Yang taught at Tsinghua University. His work in the US and contributions to Sino-foreign academic exchanges are noted.
Summary: The article emphasizes the upcoming 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the Party, focusing on the formulation of recommendations for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030) and Xi Jinping's call to ensure decisive progress in achieving socialist modernization. It reviews achievements and challenges of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) and states that China's modernization presents an alternative to Western models. The article highlights the importance of Party leadership, high-quality development, and comprehensive reform in advancing Chinese-style modernization. It noted that General Secretary Xi Jinping stressed the importance of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and promoting cultural confidence to advance Chinese modernization. It alludes that this development will continue to happen regardless of the external environment. Finally, the article emphasized that this modernization should benefit all people.
Summary: The "Eastern Corridor" of the China-Europe Railway Express, composed of the Manchuria, Suifenhe, and Tongjiang ports, has processed 27.818 million tons of imported goods via 2,669 trains carrying 274,920 TEUs, according to China Railway Harbin Group. The article highlights the railway's role in facilitating trade, with an image showing a train carrying imported goods arriving at Suifenhe station on October 18th. The report focuses on the increase in import volume through this key land route.
Summary: The Kuomintang (KMT) held its party chairmanship election on October 18th, with Cheng Li-wen winning with 50.15% of the vote (65,122 votes) and becoming the new party chair. Voter turnout was approximately 39.46% of the 330,000 eligible KMT members. Other candidates such as Hau Lung-pin and Lo Chih-chiang also received a significant number of votes. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The third "Liangzhu Forum," co-sponsored by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the National Cultural Heritage Administration, and the Zhejiang Provincial People's Government, opened in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, focusing on cultural heritage and human cultural diversity. Over 300 guests from more than 60 countries, including cultural heritage officials, museum directors, and archaeologists, participated to discuss topics such as ancient civilizations, archaeological site protection, museum development, and world cultural heritage. The forum included discussions on the historical wisdom of ancient civilizations and the experience of international cultural heritage protection. The event also featured a performance by the "Liangzhu Light" China-US Symphony Orchestra.
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Summary: The article reports on China's advancements in fusion energy research and its push towards commercialization, as discussed at the "World Fusion Energy Group" Ministerial Meeting and the International Fusion Energy Conference in Chengdu. National Atomic Energy Agency Director Dan Zhongde stated that fusion energy technology is accelerating towards engineering practice and commercial application, supported by recent Chinese policy documents. China has been actively developing fusion research devices and infrastructure, including the HL-3 and EAST, while also fostering international collaboration, particularly with the ITER project, and engaging in domestic public-private partnerships. The article also mentions efforts in the US and Europe to advance fusion energy. The United States is mentioned as having launched 6 new “Fusion Innovation Research Engine” cooperation projects, providing $107 million in funding to accelerate applied research in areas such as fuel cycle, materials and advanced simulation.
Summary: Construction of the "Kuaifu Qiming" (BEST), a compact fusion energy experimental device in Hefei, Anhui, is underway. This device aims to demonstrate deuterium-tritium plasma "burning" and potentially generate fusion power. Recently, the device's key component, the Dewar base, was successfully manufactured, delivered, and installed. Zheng Lei, responsible for the project's coordination, detailed the base's specifications and its crucial role in supporting the tokamak device within a vacuum environment. Huang Xiongyi indicated that the installation of large parts will soon begin, with components like magnets and vacuum chambers being assembled on the base. The device's development leverages insights from the "EAST" project and breakthroughs in the "Kuaifu" research facility, aiming to provide a comprehensive environment for fusion research and develop key technologies for future fusion power plants.
Summary: A research team at Shandong Agricultural University has revealed the process by which a single plant somatic cell can develop into a complete plant. Their research identifies that the synergistic action of the SPCH and LEC2 genes activates the auxin synthesis pathway, causing a large accumulation of auxin, which leads to the precursor cell becoming a totipotent stem cell. The findings offer new possibilities for precisely controlling plant regeneration and improving crop traits. This research is being conducted in crops such as wheat, corn, and soybeans. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A research team led by Professor Ding Yang of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications published a study in PNAS detailing the discovery of "thrust reversal" in propellers operating within millimeter to sub-millimeter scale fluid environments. The research found that at these scales, clockwise-rotating propellers cause backward movement due to the water being deflected outward, creating suction. This challenges traditional understanding of propeller propulsion and holds implications for the design of micro-robots and pipe inspection equipment. Parameters need to be adjusted to suppress or utilize this centrifugal suction. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. Once you provide the article, I will generate a concise, five-sentence summary suitable for professional analysts of Chinese politics, focusing on key actors, statements, and any relevant U.S. or U.S.-China related content.
Summary: The article highlights China's focus on promoting innovation and entrepreneurship among university students. It showcases examples like Minjiang University student Lin Xinzhe, who developed a heat-resistant abalone breed, and Beijing Jiaotong University Ph.D. student Chen Junxi, who created a pipeline inspection robot. These students participated in innovation competitions and received support from their universities, including funding, mentorship, and access to incubation spaces. Zhejiang University is also mentioned for its efforts to cultivate an ecosystem that supports student entrepreneurship. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article highlights the entrepreneurial spirit of Chinese youth, emphasizing their commitment to innovation and problem-solving in areas like agriculture, energy, and healthcare. It notes that students are applying classroom knowledge to practical challenges through experimentation and project refinement. Universities like Zhejiang University and Beijing Jiaotong University are providing resources such as funding, mentorship, and facilities to support student-led startups. The piece frames this trend as a national effort to foster a supportive ecosystem for young innovators to contribute to technological advancement. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: Recent adjustments to university majors and programs in China reflect a structural shift in higher education, responding to technological advancements and national development strategies. The piece advocates for a nuanced approach to these changes, cautioning against solely prioritizing "hot" fields like AI and big data, and urging universities to consider their unique strengths and responsibilities when adding or removing programs. It emphasizes that these adjustments aim to optimize the allocation of educational resources and maintain the vitality of higher education. A recent action plan for 2025-2027 indicates that future adjustments will be more regular and refined. The piece suggests that students and parents should not worry too much, because the professional system can help students find the best growth path.
Summary: The article, authored by the principal of Beijing No. 80 High School, discusses building a healthy educational environment that respects and nurtures students' unique talents. It emphasizes fostering creativity through diverse opportunities, supporting students' strengths, and connecting classroom learning to real-world experiences. The author advocates for collaboration between families, schools, and society to guide students and celebrate their progress. The piece does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT) is advancing AI education by integrating it into introductory courses and developing smart education platforms. BUPT President Xu Kun highlighted the university's "AI+" projects aimed at reshaping education and talent development. These initiatives include digital applications, smart classrooms, and a future learning space designed to enhance teaching and learning. BUPT Party Secretary Xu Mei stated that the university aims to contribute to the development of a strong education system and a powerful cyber nation through digital intelligence education. This emphasis aligns graduate career choices with national needs in network construction.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to be able to provide a summary tailored to your specific instructions regarding Chinese politics, brevity, officials' statements, and US-China relations.
Summary: In Shaanxi province, China, traditional crafts like rattan weaving, embroidery, and cloth weaving are experiencing a resurgence through professional cooperatives that unite different generations, with older artisans passing down skills, younger generations innovating designs and marketing through e-commerce and livestreaming, and even collaborations with international brands. The cooperatives improve product standards, build brands, and develop talent, leading to increased income for villagers and job opportunities, particularly for women in rural areas. This model has helped preserve cultural heritage and integrate it into modern life, with traditional crafts becoming "fashionable" and "high-end."
Summary: This article, written by Qian Xuesen's son, details the influence of art and culture on the life and scientific thinking of the prominent aerospace scientist. Qian Xuesen's early exposure to both science and art, facilitated by his father, fostered a unique interdisciplinary approach. His artistic practices, including painting and music, honed his observational skills and innovative thinking. Later in life, Qian advocated for integrating art into education and encouraged cross-disciplinary collaboration between scientists and artists. He believed that this intersection of science and art was crucial for developing well-rounded individuals and fostering innovation.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics. Once you provide the text, I will follow your instructions precisely.
Summary: A recent "People's Aesthetic Education" project by People's Daily, titled "The Beauty of Construction," uses a mixed-media approach to educate children about traditional Chinese architecture, focusing on the integration of structural design and material craftsmanship embodied in features like dougong brackets and roof ridge beasts. The program explains the cultural significance and practical functions of these elements, highlighting the "beam-column system" and the use of color in structures like the Forbidden City. It also touched on China's achievements in world heritage protection, noting its 60 sites and the recent inscription of the Beijing Central Axis. The project seeks to revitalize cultural heritage through technology and innovative educational methods.
Summary: The President of the China Women Painters Association writes about the "Us: Walking with the Times" contemporary Chinese women artists' exhibition, a response to the 30th anniversary of the World Conference on Women. The exhibition is divided into five parts, displaying the unique female spirit of dedication, labor, beauty, life, and peace. The exhibition includes works from artists across generations, reflecting the development of Chinese women’s careers, and their contributions to society. The exhibition ultimately seeks to inject a force of stability, warmth, and courage into an increasingly uncertain world. The author suggests that when artists from different countries work together with art as a medium, they will be able to steer towards a better future.
Summary: A recent surge in Chinese art exhibitions highlights both innovative trends and a desire for epic, classic works. Contemporary art should express both aesthetic values and the spirit of the times, rooted in Chinese culture. The piece emphasizes finding balance in artistic creation; specifically in scope, detail, style and restraint. It suggests that art should be both relatable and individual, achieving a balance between common understanding and unique expression. Ultimately, art should be an exploration of possibilities, engaging in dialogues between representation and expression to create impactful works.
Summary: The "Infinite Coolness – Feng Zikai Art Exhibition" at the Beijing Fine Art Academy Art Museum has been extended due to popular demand, reflecting a broader resurgence of interest in Feng's art across China, marking the 50th anniversary of his death. The curator attributes Feng's enduring popularity to his belief in "art that is both high-level and accessible," achieving a balance between artistic sophistication and popular appeal by blending traditional Chinese painting techniques with everyday subjects and poetic sensibilities. Feng's art is characterized by its simple yet profound depictions of daily life, imbued with humor and philosophical insights, aiming to evoke empathy, promote peace, and offer solace. The author identifies Feng’s work as being influenced by his own poetic worldview. No mention is made of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and relevant summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: People's Daily has launched "Reading Paintings Daily," a multimedia project focusing on classic Chinese paintings. The project aims to promote cultural understanding and appreciation through the integration of AI and short videos, encouraging readers to reflect on culture and life through art. The inaugural column features Qiu Ying's "Waiting for Ferry in Autumn River," discussing the painting's depiction of autumn scenery and its themes of waiting, encounter, and departure. It further reflects on the importance of savoring the present moment, similar to the figures in the painting awaiting the ferry. There is no mention of U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: This short snippet from People's Daily lacks substantial content for analysis. It only provides contact information for submissions to the "Military Strategy and Thinking" section and credits the image designer. There is no discussion of Chinese politics, officials, or U.S.-China relations. Therefore, a meaningful summary is not possible.
By: 本报记者 汪晓东 刘志强 王 浩
The long river of history surges forward, and the pace of striving never stops.
The 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the Communist Party of China (CPC) will be held in Beijing (北京) from October 20th to 23rd to study and formulate recommendations for the "15th Five-Year Plan."
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must closely focus on the central tasks of the Party on the new journey in the new era, plan and implement the goals, tasks, and strategic measures for the '15th Five-Year Plan,' and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically achieving socialist modernization."
From the "First Five-Year Plan" to the "14th Five-Year Plan," and then to the realization of the second centenary goal, examining the upcoming five years in this historical coordinate system reveals much hardship, much difficulty, and much glory!
Five years ago, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out at the second plenary meeting of the 19th Fifth Plenary Session of the CPC: "The '14th Five-Year Plan' period is a crucial period for China to achieve new and greater development. We must enhance our awareness of opportunities and risks, accurately recognize changes, respond scientifically to changes, and proactively seek changes, be brave in sailing against the wind, be good at turning crises into opportunities, and make a good start and take a good step for building a socialist modern country in all respects."
Now, reviewing this important exposition, looking back at the "14th Five-Year Plan," and looking forward to the "15th Five-Year Plan," we are filled with emotion and pride.
Today's China has magnificent mountains and rivers, heroic people, and a bright future. "The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable!" "Time and momentum are on our side, which is where our composure and confidence lie, and also where our determination and confidence lie."
Navigation and Orientation
"Only by unswervingly adhering to the Party's leadership can Chinese-style modernization have a bright future and thrive."
A new city reflects the myriad phenomena of Chinese-style modernization.
Moving into their new home in Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), Hebei (河北), Yang Gaomin, an employee of Sinochem (中国中化), is living a life full of "small joys." The park is not far from home, and it takes 10 minutes to get to work by bus. "More and more high-rise buildings are appearing, shops are bustling with people, and the city is full of vitality."
Above ground, the Millennium Forest (千年秀林) and the Central Green Valley (中央绿谷) stretch out in green, and "smart cars" travel smoothly on "smart roads"; underground, electricity, communications, gas, heating, and water supply live in "collective dormitories"; in the cloud, the "city brain" operates at high speed, processing more than 20 billion data items per day... Starting from a blank sheet of paper, the "city of the future" is rising from the ground.
Cities are constantly growing, and time is flying forward. From the "growing" Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), we see "a new path of urban modernization with Chinese characteristics," and we hear the resounding footsteps of the great eastern country pursuing modernization.
"From the First Five-Year Plan to the 14th Five-Year Plan, the consistent theme is to build our country into a socialist modern country."
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, taking advantage of the momentum to embark on a new journey of building a socialist modern country in all respects and marching towards the second centenary goal, the first five years, "China's development has entered a period in which strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertain and unpredictable factors are increasing," and we must be prepared to withstand major tests of high winds and waves, and even stormy seas.
"On the new journey, what do we rely on to further unite our efforts? It is Chinese-style modernization."
What is Chinese-style modernization? How to promote Chinese-style modernization?
In October 2020, the 19th Fifth Plenary Session of the CPC profoundly expounded the five important characteristics of Chinese-style modernization; in October 2022, the 20th National Congress of the CPC summarized, proposed, and deeply elaborated the theory of Chinese-style modernization in its report; in February 2023, at the opening ceremony of the seminar on studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the CPC, a series of major theoretical and practical issues of Chinese-style modernization were profoundly expounded... General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), standing at the height of the strategic overall situation, pointed out a broad road for building a strong country and realizing national rejuvenation, and provided fundamental guidelines and action plans for completing the central tasks of the Party on the new journey in the new era.
Chinese-style modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党).
More than 100 years ago, as soon as the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) was born, it consciously shouldered the important task of exploring the path of China's modernization. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, our Party has continued to move forward on the existing basis, successfully promoting and expanding Chinese-style modernization.
All the way through hard work and hardship, all the way full of pride and triumphant songs, the Chinese nation has stood up, become rich, and become strong, and is moving from the brink of extinction to great rejuvenation. Practice has fully proved that adhering to and strengthening the Party's overall leadership is the fundamental guarantee for promoting Chinese-style modernization, "only by unswervingly adhering to the Party's leadership can Chinese-style modernization have a bright future and thrive."
Chinese-style modernization has both the common characteristics of modernization in various countries and the distinct characteristics based on its own national conditions.
Modernization with a huge population, modernization with common prosperity for all the people, modernization with coordinated material and spiritual civilization, modernization with harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and modernization that follows the path of peaceful development... General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) profoundly revealed the scientific connotation of Chinese-style modernization, leading us to turn Chinese characteristics into successful practices and distinct characteristics into unique advantages.
Chinese-style modernization shows another picture of modernization and creates a new form of human civilization.
In Zhu Xi Garden (朱熹园) in Wuyi Mountain (武夷山), Fujian (福建), he emphasized "combining the promotion of excellent traditional culture with the Marxist position, viewpoint, and method"; in the Ancient Culture Street (古文化街) in Tianjin (天津), he lamented that "Chinese-style modernization cannot be separated from the inheritance and promotion of excellent traditional culture"; in the Pingjiang Historical and Cultural Block (平江历史文化街区) in Suzhou (苏州), Jiangsu (江苏), he instructed "to protect, explore, and utilize"... Along the way, thinking along the way, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), with a high degree of theoretical consciousness and theoretical confidence, clearly put forward the "two combinations," especially the "second combination," leading us to guard the foundation and source, the root and soul of Chinese-style modernization.
"Deeply rooted in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, embodying the advanced essence of scientific socialism, drawing on and absorbing all the excellent achievements of human civilization, and representing the development direction of human civilization progress," Chinese-style modernization has broken the myth of "modernization = Westernization" and provided a Chinese solution for mankind's exploration of a better social system.
"Promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in all respects with Chinese-style modernization"! Anchoring the central task, theoretical innovation keeps pace with the times, and the great cause strides forward, and the magnificent picture of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is slowly unfolding.
Hefei (合肥) and Wuhu (芜湖) are driven by dual cores and assemble complete vehicles; Chuzhou (滁州), Ma'anshan (马鞍山), and Xuancheng (宣城) focus on supporting facilities and each show their strengths... Based in the Yangtze River Delta (长三角) and relying on the high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" (一带一路), Anhui (安徽), a central province, has given full play to its strategic superposition advantages, and its total economic output exceeded 5 trillion yuan last year.
The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) ignites the engine of innovation, and the "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" (深圳—香港—广州) innovation cluster ranks first in the world; Jiangsu (江苏), "a major economic province, shoulders a heavy burden," creating more than 10% of the country's total economic output; Xinjiang (新疆), "building a golden channel for Asia and Europe and a bridgehead for opening to the west," has changed from an inland hinterland to an open frontier; the comprehensive revitalization of the Northeast is poised to take off, the Loess Plateau (黄土高原) has turned from yellow to green, and the Yangtze River (长江) flows eastward with clear water... In a series of important meetings and important inspections, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) planned from the "broad" and laid out chess pieces in the "precise," guiding all regions to firmly grasp the strategic positioning in the overall situation of national development and write a new chapter in Chinese-style modernization.
With continuous deepening of understanding, continuous improvement of strategy, and continuous enrichment of practice, China is accumulating every step to reach thousands of miles in the constant progress of time—
Looking up at the sky, "Chang'e" (嫦娥) flies to the moon, "Beidou" (北斗) networks, "Xihe" (羲和) explores the sun, and the "Space Home" (太空之家) travels in the sky; overlooking the land, the Eastern Data and Western Computing Project (东数西算), the West-East Electricity Transmission Project (西电东输), the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (南水北调), the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge (深中通道) lies across the waves like a rainbow, and domestically produced cruise ships sail far away... Pursuing dreams in the stars and the sea, development is changing with each passing day.
Resisting earthquakes, fighting floods, and preventing epidemics, the people are united and continue the spirit of righteousness. Grandly celebrating the centenary of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), successfully convening the 20th National Congress of the CPC, and grandly commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, accomplishing major events one after another, the Chinese nation is full of spirit.
"The most extraordinary things seem ordinary, and success is easy but difficult." After the "14th Five-Year Plan," Chinese-style modernization has taken new solid steps, and socialism with Chinese characteristics has been rejuvenated with new vitality.
"'Economic and social development during the '15th Five-Year Plan' period must adhere to the Party's overall leadership,' 'adhere to putting the people first,' 'adhere to high-quality development,' 'adhere to comprehensively deepening reform,' 'adhere to combining an effective market and a capable government,' 'adhere to coordinating development and security'..." On September 29 this year, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee proposed "six adherences," pointing out the direction for the "15th Five-Year Plan" period to cope with the profound and complex changes facing China's development environment and to continue to promote the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
Primary Task
"China is so big and has so many people that it can only place the development of the country and the nation on the basis of its own strength" "High-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in all respects"
A bearing conveys the strong pulse of high-quality development.
From the "First Five-Year Plan" to the "14th Five-Year Plan," Luoyang Bearing Group (洛轴集团) has blossomed with new brilliance.
Heat treatment, turning, grinding, and mechanical arms move around, and a set of new energy vehicle wheel hub bearing products is produced every 15 seconds. Focusing on "high-precision and cutting-edge," Luoyang Bearing Group (洛轴) has established multiple teams and invested 800 million yuan to win "fist products" and gain the first place in the market.
Offshore wind turbines generate green electricity, Shenzhou spacecraft knock on the sky, and the "China Sky Eye" (中国天眼) captures the "murmur" of space... Luoyang Bearing Group's (洛轴) products "go to the sky and enter the sea," and the output value of high-end bearings has reached 70%. In May this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) sighed during his inspection of Luoyang Bearing Group (洛轴): "This road is the right one!"
"China is so big and has so many people that it can only place the development of the country and the nation on the basis of its own strength" "High-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in all respects."
This is a clear indication of the direction and path. "Achieving high-quality development is the theme of China's economic and social development during the '14th Five-Year Plan' period and even longer, and it is related to the overall situation of China's socialist modernization."
This is a profound grasp of the laws of development. At the annual Central Economic Work Conference, from the "five fundamentals" to the "four musts," from the "six adherences" to the "five musts," and then to the "five musts to coordinate," the understanding of regularity is constantly deepening, providing a scientific method for doing economic work well.
Grasping the historical initiative with theoretical initiative and inspiring the power of progress with the power of thought, China in the new era is concentrating on promoting high-quality development.
Accelerate the development of new quality productive forces and enhance the "strength" of development momentum.
"Faced with a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, we must seize opportunities and increase innovation." With technological innovation driving industrial innovation, new quality productive forces are taking shape.
"Hand-torn steel" continues to iterate. 0.02 mm, 0.015 mm, 0.012 mm, records are constantly being broken to meet the needs of aerospace, precision instruments, and other fields.
"Fuxing" (复兴号) takes the lead. The CR450 EMU prototype runs at a speed of 450 kilometers per hour, leading the global high-speed rail trend.
Robots are "accelerating evolution." Performing Yangko dances on the Spring Festival Gala, tightening screws in the workshop, and competing in the arena, the artificial intelligence industry is "hot and spicy."
New energy is rising rapidly. Wind power and photovoltaic are accelerating promotion, and the production and sales of new energy vehicles have remained the world's first for 10 consecutive years. Coordinating the promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, China has become one of the countries with the fastest decline in energy consumption intensity in the world.
"Adhering to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of China's modernization," China's innovation field is surging with momentum. In 2024, the added value of high-tech manufacturing increased by 42% compared with the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan," and the ranking of the Global Innovation Index rose to tenth.
Accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and leverage the "progress" of development space.
"Cultivating the domestic market and exploring overseas markets have stabilized shipments." Since the beginning of this year, the external situation has been changing rapidly, but Qin Bin, marketing director of Guangdong Guou Home Furnishing Company (广东古欧家居公司), has been calm and composed.
The added value of industrial enterprises above the designated size increased by 6.4% year-on-year, exports increased by 7.2%, and the scale of imports and exports reached the 20 trillion yuan mark... Looking closely at the development results in the first half of this year, we can better understand the strategic vision of "building a new development pattern."
In April 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed at the meeting of the Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs "to build a new development pattern with the domestic cycle as the main body and the domestic and international dual cycles promoting each other," which clarified the path choice for China's economic modernization and became a preemptive move to grasp the initiative of development.
"The most essential feature of building a new development pattern is to achieve a high level of self-reliance and self-improvement." Nuclear power, high-speed rail, and chips have achieved successive breakthroughs, and artificial intelligence, manned spaceflight, and deep space exploration have repeatedly achieved great results, and high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement have yielded fruitful results. More than 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland have been built, and the world's largest power infrastructure system has been built, and the "two rice bowls" of grain and energy have been firmly held.
"The characteristics of a major country's economy are that domestic demand is the mainstay and internal circulation is possible." Domestic products are favored, new consumption is booming, "Village BA" (村BA), "Su Super" (苏超), ice and snow economy, and holiday economy are wonderful... Coordinating the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand and deepening supply-side structural reform, the potential of domestic demand continues to be released, and the average contribution rate to economic growth in the past 4 years has reached 86.4%.
"The new development pattern is by no means a closed domestic cycle, but an open domestic and international dual cycle." "Steel camel teams" travel back and forth, the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway (雅万高铁) is speeding forward, and the Port of Chancay (钱凯港) in Peru and the Port of Shanghai (上海港) are "connected by thousands of miles"... Jointly building the "Belt and Road" (一带一路) with high quality, the "circle of friends" is getting bigger and bigger, and China's scale of trade in goods has remained the world's first for 8 consecutive years.
Adhering to and strengthening the Party's overall leadership over economic work, escorting the "stability" of the development trend.
At critical moments and important nodes, timely analyze the situation and make decisions and deployments!
In September 2024, facing the unfavorable situation of a decline in the growth rate of major indicators in the second and third quarters, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) presided over a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to deploy a package of incremental policies, which was called "a milestone move in macro-control."
Faced with the obvious rise of unilateralism and the resurgence of protectionism, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting on April 25 this year to "focus on stabilizing employment, stabilizing enterprises, stabilizing the market, and stabilizing expectations," which effectively promoted the economic recovery. The gross domestic product in the first half of the year increased by 5.3% year-on-year, which made foreign media sigh that "the performance exceeded expectations." During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's total economic output successively crossed the 110 trillion yuan, 120 trillion yuan, and 130 trillion yuan marks, and is expected to reach about 140 trillion yuan this year.
Responding to changes and seeking innovation, moving steadily and far. After the "14th Five-Year Plan," the big ship of the Chinese economy is riding the wind and waves forward, and continues to be the main contributor and stabilizer of world economic growth, building a more solid material and technological foundation for Chinese-style modernization.
Fundamental Driving Force
"To turn the blueprint of Chinese-style modernization into reality, the fundamental lies in further comprehensively deepening reform"
A "world supermarket" has become a vivid example of "combining top-level design and crossing the river by feeling the stones."
Auto parts from Germany are first transported by China-Europe Railway Express (中欧班列) to the Yiwu (义乌) Bonded Logistics Center (保税物流中心) for bonded warehousing, and then transported to South Korea via the Ningbo-Zhoushan Port (宁波舟山港), which is more than 40 days faster than sea transportation. Free trade pilot zones, comprehensive bonded zones, and cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zones, superimposed with many reform measures, help the Yiwu (义乌) Bonded Logistics Center (保税物流中心) become a new highland of opening up.
During his work in Zhejiang (浙江), in response to the institutional and mechanism obstacles encountered in the development of Yiwu (义乌), Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) once vividly compared it: children grow too fast, and clothes are too small, "you have to change a big clothes for children who grow fast."
Eating the "reform meal" and taking the "opening-up road," "adhering to the combination of an effective market and a capable government," Yiwu's "clothing change record" continues to be written: In December 2024, the State Council (国务院) approved the "Overall Plan for Deepening the Comprehensive Reform of International Trade in Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province (浙江省义乌市深化国际贸易综合改革总体方案)"; in July of this year, Hangzhou Customs (杭州海关) introduced 10 measures to support Yiwu City (义乌市) in deepening the comprehensive reform of international trade...
"Changing clothes" is a continuous exploration that keeps pace with the times. Advancing Chinese-style modernization is also an exploratory undertaking that "must be cherished, always adhered to, and continuously expanded and deepened."
In the new era and on the new journey, the international and domestic situations are complex and ever-changing, a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating, and the new expectations of the people are growing day by day. How will China explore and how will it answer?
"Turning the blueprint of Chinese-style modernization into reality fundamentally lies in further comprehensively deepening reform."
In July 2024, the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届三中全会) deliberated and approved the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Advancing Chinese-style Modernization (中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定)," deploying more than 300 major reform measures, outlining a grand blueprint for reform in the next five years, and launching a general mobilization and deployment to promote the comprehensive deepening of reform in breadth and depth.
In October 2024, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) delivered an important speech at the opening ceremony of the study and seminar for leading officials at the provincial and ministerial level on studying and implementing the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, emphasizing the major principles that must be firmly grasped and always adhered to in further comprehensively deepening reform, and profoundly clarifying the four pairs of relationships that need to be adhered to and handled well.
Adhering to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, and adhering to correct methodology, all regions and departments are striving to open up new horizons for reform and development, and promoting "China's governance" with "China's system."
——Adhering to the unity of reform and the rule of law, and safeguarding development with good laws and good governance.
In April 2025, the draft Environmental Protection Code was submitted to the 15th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee (十四届全国人大常委会第十五次会议) for deliberation. This is the second law in China named "Code" after the Civil Code, and will provide a solid legal guarantee for the construction of a beautiful China.
"Reform and the rule of law are like the two wings of a bird and the two wheels of a car." Implementing the Law on Rural Collective Economic Organizations to promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside; implementing the "Regulations on Ecological Protection Compensation" to establish basic institutional rules for ecological protection compensation; standardizing law enforcement involving enterprises and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises in accordance with the law... Consolidating the foundation, stabilizing expectations, and benefiting the long term, the leading, regulating, and guaranteeing role of the rule of law in reform, development, and stability is better发挥.
——Adhering to the dialectical unity of breaking and establishing, and achieving steady and sustained progress in reform in the unity of breaking and establishing.
Iteratively releasing five versions of the negative list for market access; cleaning up more than 4,000 regulations and practices that hinder the unified national market and fair competition; comprehensively rectifying "involution-style" competition and standardizing local investment promotion; selecting 10 regions to pilot comprehensive reform of market-based allocation of factors of production... Breaking "barriers" and establishing "road signs," the construction of a unified national market is accelerating.
Establishing new development concepts and breaking the "GDP-only theory," establishing innovation engines and breaking "low-level stagnation," establishing urban-rural integration and breaking the dual structure... "Breaking and establishing simultaneously, establishing before breaking," reform is progressing gradually and yielding increasingly abundant results.
——Adhering to the unity of reform and opening up, and promoting reform and development through opening up.
"'First line' liberalization, 'second line' control, freedom within the island," on December 18 this year, the full island closure operation of the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自贸港) will be officially launched, and trade, investment, and cross-border capital flows will be more free and convenient.
"The deeper the reform, the higher the requirements for the level of opening up; the higher the level of opening up, the greater the promotion effect on reform." From stabilizing foreign investment to stabilizing foreign trade, from "clearing" foreign investment access restrictions in manufacturing to expanding pilot projects for opening up in telecommunications, medical care, education, and other fields, the "magnetic force" of the Chinese market is stronger. From 2021 to May of this year, cumulative foreign direct investment in China was 4.7 trillion yuan, exceeding the total amount during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period.
——Handling the relationship between deployment and implementation well, and promoting the implementation of reform measures in a detailed and thorough manner.
"We must deepen reform and expand opening up with greater courage and determination" and "dare to carry out original and differentiated reforms." After the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, the General Secretary repeatedly issued a reform "mobilization order," encouraging all regions to "strive to be the first in the construction of Chinese-style modernization."
Heilongjiang (黑龙江), with its long winters, uses "cold" resources to develop the ice and snow economy; Guizhou (贵州), based on its advantages in climate, electricity, and other aspects, has opened up a "new track" for big data... Grasping implementation with the spirit of nailing nails, the reform "panoramic view" is gradually becoming a "real view."
Deepening in depth and building a foundation for good governance. Having gone through the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's national governance system and governance capacity modernization have reached a new level, providing a strong impetus and institutional guarantee for Chinese-style modernization.
People's Livelihood is Paramount
"Let the fruits of Chinese-style modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly"
An old residential community demonstrates the development philosophy of putting the people at the center.
In the past, roofs leaked, pipes aged, and several families took turns using the kitchen and toilet. Now, moving into a new house, Zhao Qiming (赵启明), an old resident of Pengyi Community (彭一小区) in Shanghai (上海), is full of joy, "Independent kitchen and bathroom, spacious balcony, comfortable and pleasant."
On June 29 this year, with the first batch of residents of Pengyi Community (彭一小区) receiving keys and moving back, Pengpu New Village Street (彭浦新村街道), one of the earliest workers' new villages built in Shanghai (上海), successfully completed the old renovation that lasted 20 years. Renovating one building after another, renovating one area after another, the "old, dilapidated, and small" has been transformed into a modern community.
In 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out during his inspection in Shanghai (上海): "The city is the city of the people, and the people's city is for the people." In July of this year, the Central Urban Work Conference deployed "one optimization and six constructions," one of which is "focusing on building comfortable and convenient livable cities."
A city that "should not only have height, but also have warmth" reflects the deep consideration that "Chinese-style modernization prioritizes the people's livelihood."
"Adhering to the development philosophy of putting the people at the center, and letting the fruits of Chinese-style modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly," filled with people's feelings and adhering to the people first, the people's leader leads the new era of China in enhancing people's well-being in high-quality development.
Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and the common expectation of the people.
From the "14th Five-Year Plan" proposal to "achieve more obvious and substantial progress in the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all the people" to the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的二十大) proposing to "focus on promoting the common prosperity of all the people," we are anchoring the "long-term task" and the "realistic task" and making more active and promising efforts.
One policy after another shows strength. Looking at the big picture, the "Opinions on Further Guaranteeing and Improving People's Livelihood and Focusing on Solving the Urgent, Difficult, and Worrying Problems of the Masses (关于进一步保障和改善民生 着力解决群众急难愁盼的意见)" was issued to promote more fair, balanced, inclusive, and accessible people's livelihood construction. Planning in detail, implementing the childcare subsidy system to reduce the burden of family rearing for thousands of families.
One achievement after another shows warmth. Looking at employment, since the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the annual increase in urban employment has been stable at more than 12 million people. Looking at housing, in the past 4 years, a total of about 7.8 million sets of various types of guaranteed housing have been started and raised, effectively solving the housing problems of more than 20 million people. Looking at public services, China has built the world's largest education system, social security system, and medical and health system, and the bottom line of people's livelihood has been tightly secured. Looking at urban and rural areas, the achievements in poverty alleviation have been consolidated and expanded, a new chapter has been written in the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, and in 2024, the income ratio between urban and rural residents has narrowed to 2.34:1, and the urbanization rate of the permanent population has increased to 67%.
Modernization for the people is meaningful. Modernization relying on the people has动力.
Starting from May 20 this year, the preparation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" launched online solicitation of opinions. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made important instructions, emphasizing "extensively and deeply observing public sentiment, listening to public voices, and gathering public wisdom." Within a month, the event received a total of more than 3.113 million suggestions from netizens.
"Uniting top-level design with asking the people for advice." People's deputies closely contact the people, grassroots democratic practices such as "small courtyard deliberation halls" and "courtyard discussion meetings" are widely carried out, the people's status as masters of their own affairs is more real, and the people's creative vitality is bursting forth.
The original aspiration is as firm as a rock, and the mission is as bright as a torch. Having gone through the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security has continued to increase, gathering a strong joint force to promote Chinese-style modernization.
*** ***
"With goals, plans, and strategies," Chinese-style modernization is a journey of continuous progress.
As the "14th Five-Year Plan" is about to come to a close, the "15th Five-Year Plan" is being planned and laid out. Now, the "key period for basically realizing socialist modernization, consolidating the foundation, and fully exerting efforts" is getting closer and closer.
"Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a great cause unprecedented in history. Aspirations and challenges all inspire us to seize the day and never slacken our fighting spirit."
Time waits for no one, urging people to forge ahead. Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, we must maintain strategic focus, enhance our confidence in victory, concentrate our efforts on doing our own things well, achieve a successful conclusion to the "14th Five-Year Plan," scientifically plan the economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and continue to strive towards the grand goal of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
(This newspaper reporter Jiang Runnan (江润楠) participated in writing)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 智春丽 刘 阳 陈世涵
"The Volunteers: A Bloody Battle for Peace" and "Deafening"... During this year's National Day holiday, several new films were released, marking another important milestone for Chinese cinema: box office revenue in 2025 has already surpassed that of the entire previous year.
This year, we also witnessed a new record for Chinese films: the domestic animated film "Ne Zha (哪吒) " topped the global box office charts for a single market, marking the latest achievement of Chinese cinema.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Literature and art are the clarion call of the times, best representing the spirit of an era and leading the way for its trends."
The development of Chinese cinema carries the cultural memory and spiritual pursuit of the Chinese nation, reflecting the country's path of progress.
The Span of Time
Film originated in the West as a combination of art and technology. So, what defines "Chinese cinema"?
In 1895, the world's first film was screened in France. Ten years later, the film "Dingjun Mountain (定军山)" began production, opening the prelude to Chinese cinema.
Since its birth, Chinese cinema has possessed strong national characteristics, continuing the tradition of conveying ideas through literature and deeply caring about reality, with strong Chinese characteristics.
Film history researcher Sha Dan (沙丹) said: "Chinese cinema has had strong ethnic characteristics since its birth. Film is closely linked to the times, preserving national cultural memories."
——Let's look at the 120-year-long scroll of light and shadow!
"Dingjun Mountain (定军山)" brought opera to the screen; "Laborer's Love (劳工之爱情)", the earliest surviving short story film, laid the foundation for the development of early films; the national anthem "March of the Volunteers (义勇军进行曲)" was originally the theme song of "Children of the Storm (风云儿女)"; the Yan'an Film Group used photographic equipment as weapons of combat, filming valuable images such as "Yan'an and the Eighth Route Army (延安与八路军)" and "Nanniwan (南泥湾)"; films from different periods such as "The Lin Family Shop (林家铺子)" and "Horizons (横空出世)" continued the narrative innovation of diverse genres...
——Let's listen to the popular classic lines!
"For the new China, advance!" "For victory, fire at me!" "No matter what, our blood is always hot!" "If there is no road ahead, I will forge one!"...
Classic images and lines have forged the history of the Chinese revolution, construction, and reform under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, becoming a collective memory and shared cultural symbols.
Film is the art of "dream-making" and the carrier of "dream-chasing," deeply integrated into the realization of the Chinese dream.
Looking back, the cultural context is clearly visible—
Writing for the people, expressing emotions for the people, and expressing aspirations for the people. The people need film, and film needs the people.
In black and white images, from the workers' class "being the protagonist for the first time" in "The Bridge (桥)" to Xi'er's liberation cry in "The White Haired Girl (白毛女)", films contain the voices of the people; on the colorful giant screen, the "My People, My Country" trilogy demonstrates the ideological height and artistic level of the main theme films in the new era, while "A Little Red Flower (送你一朵小红花)" and "Hi, Mom (你好，李焕英)" move people with genuine emotions, and film has been exploring the contemporary expression of "people-orientedness."
The tradition of creation has been consistent—
Deeply rooted in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, rooted in the narrative style of observing reality, and exploring the modernization of national cultural traditions and film language have always been carried out in parallel.
Not just in creation. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, our country has promoted and popularized film culture with a rare intensity and breadth in human history. Especially since the new era, the film industry has flourished. In 2024, the number of urban cinema screens increased by a net of 4,658, reaching a total of 90,968 screens. There are 43,000 public welfare film screening teams nationwide, conducting 8.21 million public welfare film screenings.
The Span of Strength
Observing the Chinese film market, two leaps are worth noting.
The first is the leap in scale, with film box office revenue leaping from the "hundred million yuan level" to the "tens of billions yuan level." As of now, the national film box office this year has exceeded 44 billion yuan. At the beginning of this century, the annual film box office was less than 1 billion yuan.
The second is the leap in technology, with film production technology accelerating its iteration. In 1999, the film "Lotus Lantern (宝莲灯)" was mostly two-dimensional animation; in 2025, "Ne Zha (哪吒)" had nearly 2,000 special effects shots. The level of film production and talent reserves has increased, elevating Chinese animated films to international first-class standards.
How to leap?
——Chinese cinema, seeking momentum from reform.
"Reform has pushed film to the market, released productivity, and found a combination between socialist culture and market-oriented reform," said Yin Hong (尹鸿), vice chairman of the China Film Association.
The "Film Management Regulations (电影管理条例)" and the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Prosperity and Development of the Film Industry (关于促进电影产业繁荣发展的指导意见)" and other management policies have been successively introduced, and the "Film Industry Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国电影产业促进法)" safeguards the healthy development of the industry. Elevating the strategic positioning of the film industry in the overall situation of building a strong cultural country, the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Chinese Films (《“十四五”中国电影发展规划》)" proposes the development goal of building a strong film country by 2035, and Chinese films are ushering in historical opportunities and a golden age.
——Chinese cinema, seeking support from technology.
On the creative side, the "The Wandering Earth (流浪地球)" series and the "Creation of the Gods (封神)" series explore the establishment of a complete industrialized production process; on the industrial side, digital production, virtual shooting, and other technologies are fully embedded; on the market side, segmented distribution and cinema sinking, CINITY cinema systems, domestic LED projection systems, and the China Film Digital Film Cloud Distribution platform are being implemented and rolled out.
The Span of Confidence
Domestic films are redefining "blockbusters."
The box office share of domestic films has exceeded 70% for five consecutive years, "Ne Zha (哪吒)" has entered the top five in the global box office, "The Wandering Earth (流浪地球)" series has pushed Chinese science fiction to the world, and "Chang'an (长安)" has allowed thousands of years of poetic imagery to surge on the screen...
The high-quality development of Chinese cinema is a vivid portrayal of cultural confidence. What is the source of confidence?
——Confidence comes from adhering to cultural subjectivity. Distinct cultural characteristics are forged in the "relay" between history and the present, inheritance and development.
On the screen is the speeding light and shadow, and outside the screen is the rapidly changing China.
In 1979, the film "Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon (哪吒闹海)" was screened at the Cannes International Film Festival in France, causing a sensation. Critics praised it for its "bright colors, elegant style, and rich imagination." More than 40 years later, "Ne Zha (哪吒)" returned. The BBC exclaimed that Chinese films "have become competitive on a global scale." In "Nice View (奇迹·笨小孩)", feel the entrepreneurial passion of a vibrant China; in "The Wandering Earth 2 (流浪地球2)", integrate the concept of a "community with a shared future for mankind" into the cosmic narrative.
——Confidence comes from cultural exchange and mutual learning.
The more open, the more confident. Through film, China perceives the world, and the world understands China. Chinese films forge influence in international competition, spreading a view of civilization that is equal, mutually appreciative, dialogic, and inclusive.
"Bringing in" demonstrates cultural cohesion. The Shanghai International Film Festival, the Beijing International Film Festival, and the Pingyao International Film Festival build platforms, and popularity is climbing. "Going out" enhances artistic competitiveness. The co-produced film "The Composer (音乐家)" with countries along the "Belt and Road" connects transnational emotions with the story of Xian Xinghai (冼星海); building a diversified and three-dimensional distribution matrix, the "Ne Zha (哪吒)" series and other films have been released overseas, creating the best overseas results for Chinese films in the past 20 years.
Faced with the new media environment, film also faces challenges: the impact of short videos, the decline in the attractiveness of cinemas to audiences, and changes in aesthetic needs. The cyclical and structural contradictions of the industry are superimposed and prominent, the schedule is unevenly hot and cold, and film companies are numerous but not strong, requiring adaptation and change, and continued deepening of reform. Chinese films were born in challenges, have grown all the way, and have never feared difficulties.
From "Dingjun Mountain (定军山)" to "Ne Zha (哪吒)", on the 120-year-long scroll of light and shadow, the "light and shadow imagery" of Chinese culture echoes each other and shines brightly.
This is an evolution: Chinese cinema originated in Chinese culture, was enlightened by innovation, matured in reform and opening up, and flourished in the great rejuvenation.
This is a look back: Ne Zha (哪吒) "stands" on Dingjun Mountain (定军山). Beneath the technical surface, the cultural bloodline has been surging for 120 years, uninterrupted and increasingly strong.
All the way chasing, all the way across, from looking up and admiring to looking at eye level, the vision of Chinese cinema has never been as broad as it is today: expanding new themes, exploring new perspectives, applying new technologies, drawing on the source of living water, and daring to embrace all rivers.
The road of light and shadow extends to the future.
120-year-old Chinese cinema is infinitely youthful.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 乔 栋
Walking into Guoluozanggongma Village (果洛藏贡麻村) in Gangcha County (刚察县), Qinghai (青海), local characteristic culture is visible everywhere. Arriving at the live broadcast base on the second floor of the village committee office building, e-commerce anchor Cairang Angxiu (才让昂秀) is broadcasting live in front of the camera.
Cairang Angxiu (才让昂秀), 26 years old, is a very capable Tibetan young man who worked in the media industry in other places in his early years. Later, he smelled an opportunity to 大显身手 (dà xiǎn shēn shǒu - "fully display one's abilities," to demonstrate great skill or talent) and decided to return to his hometown to start a business.
The opportunity stems from the development and changes in the village in recent years.
In 2021, Guoluozanggongma Village (果洛藏贡麻村) established 6 specialized livestock cooperative, covering 60% of the villagers. In June of the same year, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to Guoluozanggongma Village (果洛藏贡麻村). Facing the enthusiastic villagers, the General Secretary said affectionately to everyone: "Seeing that your village has changed a lot and everyone is living happily, we are very pleased."
With the cooperatives' benefits increasing steadily, how can the village's path to developing modern ecological animal husbandry be broadened?
Opening the "14th Five-Year Plan," the ideas are written in it: improve the urban-rural integrated consumption network and expand the coverage of e-commerce in rural areas.
Last year, Gangcha County (刚察县) secured relevant development funds and built an e-commerce live broadcast base in Guoluozanggongma Village (果洛藏贡麻村). Cairang Angxiu (才让昂秀) led the villagers to form a live broadcast team. Herdsmen are eager to try and are trying new skills - being eloquent in front of the camera and writing plans behind the scenes. "Sharing opportunities, our village's live broadcast training is becoming more and more popular," said Cairang Angxiu (才让昂秀).
A network cable connects urban and rural areas. How can consumers in other places see the characteristics and advantages of plateau products? The team chose to move the live broadcast scene outdoors - with the beautiful Qinghai Lake (青海湖) as the original ecological background, "organic and green" is self-evident.
Since last year, live streaming has increased the income of villagers in Guoluozanggongma Village (果洛藏贡麻村). "We have found a new way to increase income and become rich, creating two live broadcast rooms to sell our own beef and mutton, and the sales account for more than 1/10 of the village's collective income," said Suonancai Fudan (索南才夫旦), Secretary of the village Party branch.
Thanks to the construction of cold chain logistics network during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the journey "from pasture to table" is smoother. This year, Guoluozanggongma Village (果洛藏贡麻村) has also opened direct-sale stores in Liaocheng (聊城), Shandong (山东), Chengdu (成都), Sichuan (四川) and other places. Specialty products from the plateau have entered the vision of more consumers, and sales channels have been further broadened.
Development is for the people, development relies on the people, and the fruits of development are shared by the people. Not only in Guoluozanggongma Village (果洛藏贡麻村), during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, new industries and new business formats such as rural e-commerce have flourished, allowing thousands of villages across the country to board the digital express train. Looking at various places, "Daylily Town (黄花镇)," "Mushroom Township (木耳乡)," and "Apple Village (苹果村)" are emerging one after another... The prosperity of industries that benefit the people is booming, and the villagers' "purses" are getting fatter and fatter.
Cairang Angxiu (才让昂秀) also has a wish: to continue to enrich industrial forms and create Guoluozanggongma Village's (果洛藏贡麻村) own characteristic cultural and creative products. He looks forward to it and works hard for it. "The development and changes of Guoluozanggongma Village (果洛藏贡麻村) are as colorful as the Qilian Mountains (祁连山) on this sheepskin painting. The days to come will be even more beautiful." Pointing to the sheepskin painting on the wall, Cairang Angxiu (才让昂秀) is full of confidence in the future.
Return to Top(People's Daily, Beijing, October 18th) (Reporter Zhang Tianpei (张天培)) The reporter recently learned from the Ministry of Public Security (公安部): In recent years, China's number of motor vehicles and drivers has continued to maintain a high-speed growth trend. As of the end of September 2025, the number of motor vehicles in the country reached 465 million, including 363 million cars; the number of drivers reached 556 million. The total number of motor vehicles and drivers ranks first in the world.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, facing the new requirements of high-quality economic and social development, the people have new expectations for equal and convenient traffic management services. The Ministry of Public Security (公安部) has continued to deepen the reform of public security traffic management administrative services, and has cumulatively launched more than 160 efficient and convenient service measures, reducing the cost of doing business for the masses and enterprises by more than 100 billion yuan, and powerfully serving the high-quality economic and social development.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张 璁
Reader Concerns
Our family runs a chain of supermarkets and we are planning to expand our business to the neighboring province. However, a friend reminded us to be extra careful when investing across provinces, fearing issues such as local protectionism and inconsistent standards. How does the country strengthen law enforcement in this regard?
The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee emphasized: "Accelerate the construction of a unified national market and earnestly carry out special actions to regulate law enforcement involving enterprises."
The socialist market economy is essentially a rule-of-law economy. To promote the construction of a unified national market in depth, it is necessary to implement basic requirements such as unified standards for government behavior and unified market supervision and law enforcement. In particular, administrative law enforcement work is extensive and large-scale, and standardized law enforcement is of great significance for clarifying the boundaries between the government and the market. Since March of this year, more than 50,000 cases related to outstanding problems in administrative law enforcement involving enterprises have been investigated and corrected nationwide.
Promoting "equal treatment" in law enforcement—
On the one hand, the supply side of the system must eliminate inconsistencies and comprehensively clean up relevant regulations and policies that are not conducive to the construction of a unified national market. Since 2024, the Office of the Central Committee for Governing the Country according to Law has coordinated the cleanup of laws, regulations, and policies involving unequal treatment of enterprises, and has urged relevant units to revise or abolish more than 10,000 items. All revision and abolition work will be completed within this year.
On the other hand, the administrative law enforcement side should improve the benchmark system for administrative discretion and apply the same standards consistently. At present, various regions and departments have sorted out and improved 4,138 existing administrative discretion benchmark systems. With the accelerated formulation of the "Regulations on the Supervision of Administrative Law Enforcement," the long-term mechanism for law enforcement involving enterprises will be further improved.
Coordinating "non-interference" and "effective supervision"—
Currently, various regions and departments are removing various obstacles that are not conducive to the construction of a unified national market in the process of regulating law enforcement involving enterprises. Problems such as arbitrary charges, arbitrary fines, arbitrary inspections, arbitrary seizures, illegal extraterritorial law enforcement, and profit-seeking law enforcement have been effectively corrected. In the first eight months of this year, the total number of inspections in various regions decreased by 4.43 million compared with the same period last year.
While creating a relaxed development environment for enterprises, it is also necessary to safeguard the lives and safety of the people and social public order. "Regulating administrative law enforcement regulates chaotic law enforcement and abuse of law enforcement, not non-enforcement, nor is it that the wider the law enforcement, the better." The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Justice (司法部) said that, especially in the fields of food and drugs, and production safety, regulatory departments should strictly enforce the law in accordance with the law and eliminate regulatory loopholes and safety hazards.
Digital empowerment to achieve law enforcement with strength and warmth—
In the first eight months of this year, the total number of administrative inspections involving enterprises generally decreased by more than 30% year-on-year, but the problem detection rate increased by an average of 16%. Behind the improvement of the quality and efficiency of law enforcement involving enterprises, the full application of technical means such as artificial intelligence, big data, and remote intelligent supervision is indispensable.
Many places actively promote "scanning the code to enter the enterprise" to realize the whole process of law enforcement behavior being traceable, supervised; make full use of "Internet + supervision," and use artificial intelligence and big data to quickly warn and supervise in a timely manner; in the regulatory fields of ecological environment, culture and tourism, various places also continue to enrich non-on-site inspection methods, adopting online inspections, video supervision and other methods to achieve accurate clue delivery.
"Digital empowerment can not only avoid interfering with the normal production and operation of enterprises, but also ensure that necessary supervision is effectively carried out, which helps to further straighten out the relationship between strict law enforcement and serving enterprises," said the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Justice (司法部).
Return to TopBy: 尹双红
Since the beginning of this year, foreign-funded enterprises have accelerated the establishment of R&D centers in China. The number of foreign-funded R&D centers in Beijing (北京) has doubled compared to the end of last year, while Shanghai (上海) has exceeded 630. The shift in foreign investment trends from "Made in China" to "R&D in China" provides a new perspective for observing "Innovative China."
The more open it is, the greater the "magnetic attraction" of innovation. Facts have shown that capital gathers where the innovation environment is good. From the world's most complete industrial categories and the richest application scenarios to the world's largest number of R&D personnel, we not only have a good innovation ecosystem, but also a policy system where "China's door to opening up will only become wider and wider." This is a powerful advantage in attracting global innovation resources.
The more open it is, the stronger the ability of independent innovation. New energy vehicles, humanoid robots, artificial intelligence large models... China's innovative achievements are bursting forth, profoundly demonstrating that independent innovation is innovation in an open environment. We must never engage in it behind closed doors, but rather gather the energy of the world and draw on the strength of all sides.
Today's China (中国), by more actively integrating into the global innovation network, will surely inject strong impetus into high-quality development.
Return to TopOn October 17, the world's largest clean energy corridor, composed of six large-scale power stations on the main stream of the Yangtze River—Wudongde (乌东德), Baihetan (白鹤滩), Xiluodu (溪洛渡), Xiangjiaba (向家坝), Three Gorges (三峡), and Gezhouba (葛洲坝)—had a cumulative power generation exceeding 4 trillion kilowatt-hours. Through the "Six Reservoirs Joint Regulation" technology, it has cumulatively increased power generation by over 168 billion kilowatt-hours. The picture shows the Baihetan Hydropower Station (白鹤滩水电站) on the Jinsha River (金沙江), located at the junction of Ningnan County (宁南县), Sichuan Province, and Qiaojia County (巧家县), Yunnan Province.
Photo by Bai Hexin (柏和新) (Image China)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张文豪
In the late autumn of the northern Henan plain, corn is gradually being stored, and the land awaits new greenery. In the towering granaries, sensors monitor temperature changes, and the new grain lives in "air-conditioned rooms." On the busy production lines, wheat is transformed into flour, bread...
A grain, from the field to the warehouse, from the workshop to the dining table, the interlocking chain reflects the sonorous steps of grain circulation reform and development, demonstrating the solid foundation of the granary of a great power. The total sound storage capacity of national standard grain warehouses exceeds 730 million tons, an increase of 58 million tons compared to the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan"; in 2024, the total industrial output value of national grain enterprises will exceed 4 trillion yuan, and the connection between grain production and sales will be smoother.
From Smart Farming to Efficient Grain Sales
In Guzhen Town, Qingfeng County (清丰县), Puyang (濮阳), Henan (河南), grain farmer Zhou Jianshi (周建士) is busy assembling a rotary tiller seeder: "This big guy is not simple, seeding, soil covering and compacting, and laying drip irrigation tape, several processes are all done in one go."
In recent days, he has not only prepared enough semi-winter wheat seeds suitable for late sowing, but also added multi-functional agricultural machinery to fully prepare for the new round of sowing.
Standing on the edge of the field, Zhou Jianshi (周建士) took out his mobile phone and opened the smart agriculture platform, and the soil moisture data was clear at a glance.
Zhou Jianshi (周建士) is 55 years old this year and has transferred 3,500 acres of land. Five years ago, he was still an agricultural machinery service provider, but now he is a well-known grain farmer in the local area.
Zhou Jianshi's (周建士) confidence in growing grain comes from the help of science and technology. This spring, the cooperative he belongs to cooperated with Henan Agricultural University (河南农业大学) to build a science and technology courtyard. In the high-standard farmland, drip irrigation tapes are laid like capillaries, and water and fertilizer are accurately delivered to the roots of crops; drones patrol the fields and spray medicine, and "one spray three preventions" is accurate and efficient.
"In the past, watering 300 acres required 10 people to work. Now, with a few clicks on the mobile phone, the solenoid valve is turned on, and the water comes." He calculated an account: this year, the wheat field achieved a yield of 709 kilograms per mu, the amount of fertilizer and pesticides was reduced by 20%, and the wheat yield increased by 20% instead.
Growing well also requires selling smoothly.
In June of this year, Lao Zhou (老周) successively transported more than 800 tons of wheat to the Puyang (濮阳) directly affiliated warehouse of China Grain Reserves Group (中储粮) and nearby warehouse locations.
"Make an appointment in advance on the mobile phone, and you don't have to queue up to deliver grain." He opened the "Hui San Nong (惠三农)" APP to demonstrate, "Send a card at the entrance, just like registering at a hospital, swipe each link, and all the data follows."
Registration, sampling, weighing, unloading, and settlement, the entire grain selling process is very smooth. No long queues, no overnight truck detention, truly achieving grain in hand, money in hand. "The supportive purchase is a reassurance, the price has a bottom line, and I am not panicked," Lao Zhou (老周) said.
From Granary Expansion to Technological Grain Storage
Walking into the Puyang (濮阳) directly affiliated warehouse of China Grain Reserves Group (中储粮), 12 tall shallow round warehouses stand facing each other. Vehicles loaded with grain drive into the work tower and stop steadily on the hydraulic tipping platform. As the tipping platform slowly rises, golden wheat grains flow into the unloading pit. Subsequently, they take a bucket elevator all the way up, and after impurity removal and other processes, they finally "move into" the warehouse.
Ma Junhua (马俊华), deputy general manager of China Grain Reserves Group (中储粮) Puyang (濮阳) Directly Affiliated Warehouse Co., Ltd., introduced that as an important commercial grain base, Puyang's (濮阳) total winter wheat output is about 1.7 million tons, and commercial grain is expected to reach 1.2 million tons.
While turning over old wheat in advance to free up storage capacity, while renting warehouses to start 17 acquisition warehouse locations - Ma Junhua (马俊华) and his colleagues worked in two ways, preparing to release 450,000 tons of storage capacity. As of the last batch of new wheat entering the warehouse on September 30, a total of 410,700 tons of supportive grain entered the warehouse, successfully completing the acquisition task.
Zhu Yanxing (朱言行), head of the warehousing section, walked into the work tower and took the elevator to the top of the warehouse 35 meters high to check the grain situation. Inside the warehouse, blue sensors are densely distributed like neural networks, monitoring the temperature and humidity changes of the grain in real time.
"Grain also breathes. It will generate heat after entering the warehouse, and if it is not intervened in time, it will breed insects and form lumps," Zhu Yanxing (朱言行) explained. In the central control room, he lightly clicked the mouse to start the fan, and the hot air in the warehouse was slowly extracted. "In autumn and winter, we use the temperature difference between inside and outside the warehouse to extract the hot air from the top of the warehouse and let the cold air enter from below, just like turning on the air conditioner for the granary." Through internal circulation temperature control, nitrogen atmosphere regulation and other technologies, the grain temperature can be maintained in a suitable range.
"When it is necessary to vacate the warehouse for replacement or the market needs to be replenished, the grain will be sold publicly through hanging auctions," Ma Junhua (马俊华) said, adding that 18,000 tons of grain have been put into the market since this year.
From Thousands of Flavors to Sales Overseas
How many possibilities are there for a grain of wheat to become flour?
"In the past, flour mills only produced bran and flour. Now, a production line can produce dozens of different types of flour for different purposes through fine processing," said Zhao Qinghua (赵庆华), head of COFCO Flour Industry (Puyang) Co., Ltd. (中粮面业（濮阳）有限公司).
Inside the production workshop, the flour mixing machine is set according to the production plan, and automatically mixes different grades of wheat and sends them into the flour milling machine. With the rotation of the machine, the wheat is repeatedly cleaned, screened, and ground, and becomes various special flours packaged into bags.
"A grain of wheat, due to different varieties, grades, and gluten content, has different flours. General-purpose flour is used for dumplings, noodles and other home-cooked pasta, while special-purpose flour is subdivided into steamed bun flour, bread flour, fried dough stick flour, etc.," Zhao Qinghua (赵庆华) said, "By matching different types of flour, we can meet the increasingly diverse consumer demands."
These flours have become important raw materials for local food processing enterprises. In the workshop of Kaililai Food Co., Ltd. (凯利来食品有限公司), flour is mixed with eggs, cream and other raw materials in proportion, and through processes such as kneading, forming, and fermentation, the doughs enter the oven and are baked into golden and attractive bread. On site, five packaging machines operate simultaneously, and fresh bread is quickly packaged and waiting to be sent to various places.
"This is the bread we launched this year. It has mochi and red bean filling, which is very popular in the market," said Cao Gaozhang (曹高掌), head of the company. The company's eight categories of more than 300 kinds of snack foods consume more than 30,000 tons of flour annually. The monthly sales of new products reached 20 million yuan, and some products successfully entered the overseas market this year.
The relevant person in charge of the Henan Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (河南省农业农村厅) introduced that this year, Henan's (河南) total summer grain output reached 75.001 billion jin. By extending the industrial chain, enhancing the value chain, and building the supply chain, Henan (河南) has built a trillion-yuan modern food industry cluster, and every grain of Henan (河南) grain enters the kitchens of Chinese people and is served on the world's tables.
As the sun sets, agricultural machinery roars in the science and technology courtyard. Zhou Jianshi (周建士) adjusted the seeder and began to imagine the sowing scene a few days later: agricultural machinery draws straight ridge lines on the flat land, and carefully selected wheat seeds fall steadily into the soil along the drip irrigation tape, starting a new round of growth cycle.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 季觉苏
"How could I forget my child's birthday?" Mr. Yuan, a Shanghai (上海) resident who had just finished overtime, felt a pang of annoyance: he had promised his child a surprise in the morning, but now it was too late to go to the mall. He quickly opened the food delivery app on his phone, entered "children's bicycle," and found that a store near his home had it in stock and could deliver it in as little as one hour. He completed the order in a few minutes, and by the time Mr. Yuan got home, the delivery driver had already brought the bicycle to his door.
Such scenarios are becoming increasingly common—data from the National Bureau of Statistics (国家统计局) shows that in the first eight months, the transaction volume of instant retail achieved double-digit growth.
What is instant retail? Why has this new business format been able to develop? How is "buying everything" with instant delivery achieved? What impact does it have on consumers? Recently, reporters interviewed relevant platforms, merchants, consumers, and experts.
What is Instant Retail?
From "Too Late to Buy" to "Buy and Use Immediately"
Lacking medicine for minor illnesses, needing disposable items for a sudden business trip, discovering that bait has run out while fishing by the river... These sudden needs often trouble consumers. Now, by opening their phones, nearby stores, warehouses, and delivery drivers can steadily "catch" these needs and provide timely supplies.
The "Implementation Plan for the Innovation and Upgrading Project of the Retail Industry" jointly issued by seven departments, including the Ministry of Commerce (商务部), last year proposed promoting online-offline integrated instant retail and exploring new models such as "store-warehouse integration" and "pre-sale + centralized collection and distribution."
Consumers place orders for goods on online platforms, nearby stores or warehouses ship the goods, and delivery drivers typically deliver them within one hour. This new consumption method is instant retail. It is much faster than traditional e-commerce delivery and is not just an upgraded version of food delivery. Instant retail is a new retail model where "everything" can be bought, delivered, and used instantly.
Why is instant retail becoming more and more common? On the one hand, the pace of life is getting faster and faster, shopping is becoming fragmented, and not stocking up but buying what is needed has become a daily routine. Consumers are shifting from planned shopping to instant purchases. Industry research shows that more than 50% of those born after 1995 hope to receive their goods on the same day they shop and are willing to pay higher delivery fees for speed.
On the other hand, platforms, stores, and delivery drivers are increasingly able to "cooperate": platforms understand user habits better and use big data algorithms for precise recommendations; stores are "smarter," digitally connecting shelves and inventory for precise allocation of goods; and delivery driver networks are denser, enabling them to respond quickly to orders. With joint efforts, "one-hour delivery" is no longer difficult.
For the industry, this is also a rapidly growing blue ocean. Since the beginning of this year, Taobao (淘宝) Flash Buy orders have grown rapidly, with daily order peaks reaching 120 million in August and average daily orders of 80 million per week; JD.com (京东) Seconds Delivery has over 600,000 physical stores providing instant retail services, covering more than 2,600 districts and counties; during the National Day (国庆) and Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋) holidays, over 500 retail brands on Meituan (美团) Flash Buy achieved double-digit growth... Each platform is targeting new tracks, making instant retail a new routine in urban life.
How to Deliver Quickly?
Closer Warehouses, Faster Response, One-Hour Delivery Becomes Routine
Mr. Yuan was surprised afterward: the store where he bought the bicycle was near his home, "How come I hadn't seen it before?"
Following the address guidance on the platform, the reporter arrived at an inconspicuous shop in Yangpu District (杨浦区), Shanghai (上海). Before even entering, delivery drivers could be seen going in and out; inside the store, the shelves were densely packed with a wide variety of goods, and the store's system voice constantly broadcast new orders, with the staff picking goods while taking orders, their hands and feet never stopping. Although the store is open to the public, with a few customers coming in, the main consumers are actually "on their phones." At 3 p.m. on a Friday afternoon, the reporter saw the staff taking a pile of streamers, balloons, and other party supplies, which were orders from nearby communities.
This store, called Xiaochai Gou Life Supermarket (小柴购生活超市), belongs to a lightning warehouse chain brand. The store manager, Chen Binbin (陈彬彬), had previously run convenience stores and department stores and has extensive retail experience. He keenly sensed the growth potential of instant retail and decisively transformed and entered the market this year.
"We don't just look at where there are many people when choosing a location," Chen Binbin introduced. The company first uses heat maps to screen out blank spots for instant retail in the city. For example, in first- and second-tier cities, they usually place a point every 100,000 to 150,000 people, and then send specialists and store owners to conduct on-site inspections and make judgments. The store he selected has an area of about 290 square meters and can accommodate nearly 10,000 kinds of goods; at the same time, the store faces the road, making it convenient for trucks to unload goods and delivery drivers to pick them up. "Basement or second-floor stores have lower rents, but here, goods can enter, orders can go out, efficiency is high, and orders move quickly," Chen Binbin said. Five months after opening, the daily order volume has increased from dozens of orders to more than 700 orders, with a daily turnover of nearly 20,000 yuan.
Instant retail has spawned a new type of store called lightning warehouses, which do not rely on foot traffic or displays but can cover various commodity needs within a radius of 3 to 5 kilometers, serving as both a community warehouse and an instant fulfillment center. Entrepreneurs like Chen Binbin are weaving dense lightning warehouse networks in cities. For example, Meituan (美团) has jointly built more than 50,000 lightning warehouses with various retailers and brands across the country.
"Which warehouse is closest to the user, whether there is current inventory, and whether there are available delivery drivers nearby—the platform system will quickly determine and issue instructions within a few seconds, so that each order can be sent out in the shortest path, minimizing delivery time," said Wang Kai (王凯), a researcher at the Meituan Research Institute (美团研究院). Opening warehouses densely does not mean speed; after the user places an order, the platform's dispatch and the delivery driver's response efficiency are also crucial.
Instant delivery requires huge computing resources and ground team support. Meituan (美团) improves delivery efficiency through front warehouses; Fengniao Instant Delivery (蜂鸟即配) upgrades the delivery driver scheduling system through artificial intelligence, increasing the rate of combined and smooth routes by 85.7% within a year. From warehouse deployment to system scheduling and delivery drivers completing the "last kilometer," close cooperation in all links is necessary to make instant purchase and delivery possible.
"In the past, people had to walk into a store to find things, but now things actively come to people. This seemingly simple change has reshaped the retail logic," Wang Kai (王凯) said.
Where Do the Goods Come From?
Full Categories, Accurate Scheduling, the Supply Side is Becoming "Smarter"
A bicycle, a laptop, a shirt... These goods that were only available through traditional e-commerce in the past are now also entering instant retail. Behind this is a comprehensive upgrade of the supply side.
"The store has more than 10,000 kinds of goods, all of which are uniformly managed and scheduled by the platform, and dynamically updated in combination with the characteristics of the business district, the surrounding population profile, and purchasing behavior," Chen Binbin said. The platform also dynamically adjusts the commodity categories according to real-time sales data and holidays. For example, during the summer, the store will stock more mosquito repellent, sunscreen, and cooling products; before the start of school, stationery, USB drives, and schoolbags become the main products.
The "tailored to local conditions + tailored to the time" replenishment mechanism is also being adopted by more and more brand stores. "Instant retail has allowed traditional brand stores to discover new demands, not based on weekly or monthly sales trends, but on the hourly community instant market," said Hu Qiugen (胡秋根), head of Taobao (淘宝) Flash Buy Retail. For example, after a sports brand increased its instant retail business, it found that the most ordered item by surrounding users after the morning rush hour on rainy days was quick-drying socks, a product that was not a key display item in the store, but had a high online conversion rate; the backend data of a beauty collection store showed that the most ordered items from 9 p.m. to 11 p.m. were emergency masks and makeup remover wipes, which prompted the store to adjust its inventory structure during off-peak hours. Instant retail has expanded orders within a 5-kilometer radius, undertaken more scenario demands, and brought incremental business to brands—in August, nearly 500 brands achieved over one million yuan in turnover on Taobao (淘宝) Flash Buy.
Clothing and digital product categories are also quietly being connected: children's clothing, intimate apparel, bedding, and other products are especially popular among instant retail users. After JD.com Home (京东之家) located in Shanghai (上海) Jintie City Plaza (近铁城市广场) connected to JD.com Seconds Delivery (京东秒送), online order volume continued to grow. "Some users place orders for equipment at night and need to take it on a business trip the next morning," said the store manager.
Connecting supply and demand closer and faster makes merchants pay more attention to the real needs of consumers—when they need what, how much they need, and whether it can be delivered in time. Instant retail brings not only a new way of production and life but also growth potential and market vitality that need to be explored.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 丁怡婷
Oil and gas pipeline network facilities connect the upstream and downstream of the oil and gas industry and are a typical natural monopoly link in the oil and gas field. Promoting the fair opening of oil and gas pipeline network facilities is an important part of the reform of the oil and gas pipeline network operation mechanism.
The *Measures for the Supervision of Fair Access to Oil and Gas Pipeline Network Facilities* issued by the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) will come into effect on November 1, 2025. The measures clarify that fair access to oil and gas pipeline network facilities refers to the provision of oil and gas transportation, storage, loading and unloading, gasification and other services by oil and gas pipeline network facility operating enterprises to eligible users in a fair and non-discriminatory manner in accordance with relevant national regulations for the pipeline network facilities that have been built and put into operation.
"This definition clearly defines the scope of supervision, unifies the understanding of 'fair access' by the government, enterprises and users, provides a basis for subsequent supervision activities, and avoids disputes and implementation deviations that may be caused by vague concepts," said Chen Shouhai (陈守海), director of the Oil and Gas Policy and Law Research Center of China University of Petroleum (Beijing) (中国石油大学（北京）).
The relevant person in charge of the National Energy Administration (国家能源局) introduced that the oil and gas pipeline network facilities included in the supervision not only include oil and gas pipelines, LNG receiving stations, underground gas storage facilities and other facilities operated by the National Pipeline Network Group (国家管网集团), but also include oil and gas pipeline network facilities operated by various entities such as oil and gas central enterprises, local state-owned enterprises, and private enterprises.
The measures have several "firsts": the first departmental regulations issued for the oil and gas pipeline network supervision field; the first introduction of administrative punishment measures; and the first clarification of the service process for fair access to oil and gas pipeline networks, unifying standards for user registration, service acceptance, and information disclosure.
Information asymmetry is one of the main bottlenecks restricting fair access. "According to the information category, the information related to fair access to oil and gas pipeline network facilities will be disclosed in a graded manner. For basic information such as the fair access system, user registration conditions and procedures, relevant enterprises should actively disclose it to the public; for sensitive information such as remaining capacity and operation status, relevant enterprises should disclose it to registered users, taking into account facility information security and user needs," said the relevant person in charge of the National Energy Administration (国家能源局).
What are the positive effects after the measures are introduced?
Various business entities have a "through pass" to use pipeline network facilities. With the continuous deepening of China's oil and gas system reform, especially since the establishment of the National Pipeline Network Group (国家管网集团), the mode of self-construction and self-use of pipelines and independent allocation of resources by a few oil and gas enterprises has been significantly broken. The oil and gas market system of multi-subject and multi-channel supply of upstream resources, efficient collection and transportation of unified intermediate pipeline networks, and full competition in the downstream sales market has been gradually improved. The demands of various business entities, especially private enterprises, for fair access are increasing day by day.
The measures can effectively promote oil and gas production enterprises, urban gas enterprises, oil and gas retail enterprises, fuel (gas) power generation enterprises, large oil and gas direct supply users, etc. to participate in the oil and gas market more fairly and efficiently, and prevent "glass doors" and "revolving doors" from the system, and prevent opaque operations and discriminatory treatment.
The relevant person in charge of the National Energy Administration (国家能源局) introduced that after the measures are introduced, more sources of oil and gas, such as imported liquefied natural gas, coal gas, coalbed methane, and scattered gas, can enter the trunk pipeline network, and can be flexibly allocated through the "national network", which will significantly improve the efficiency of resource allocation, thereby effectively improving energy security capabilities.
Return to TopOn October 17, the 2025 National Beautiful and Harmonious Village Basketball Competition (Village BA) Finals Championship and Runner-up Finals were held in Taipan Village (台盘村), Taijiang County (台江县), Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture (黔东南苗族侗族自治州), Guizhou Province (贵州省). The Jinjiang City (晋江市) team from Fujian Province (福建省) defeated the Xianfeng County (咸丰县) team from Hubei Province (湖北省) with a score of 99:87 to win the championship. The picture shows players 奋力拼搏 (fèn lì pīn bó - "strive hard," to exert all one's strength and fight hard) on the field during the finals.
Photo by Jia Zhi (贾 智) (Image China)
Return to TopThe Inner Mongolia Daily, Hohhot, October 18th (Reporters Chen Feiyu (陈沸宇) and Zhang Cheng (张枨)) The Fourth Session of the Fourteenth People's Congress of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region elected Wang Weizhong (王伟中) as the Director of the Standing Committee of the People's Congress of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and elected Bao Gang (包钢) as the Chairman of the People's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region on October 18th.
Return to TopThis newspaper Beijing (北京) October 18th dispatch (Reporter Wang Guan (王观)) The reporter learned from the State Taxation Administration (国家税务总局): With the large-scale equipment renewal and trade-in policies for consumer goods being intensified and expanded, equipment renewal in enterprises across the country is accelerating, and the trade-in policies for consumer goods have achieved significant results. Value-added tax invoice data shows that in the first three quarters, the amount of industrial enterprises purchasing machinery and equipment increased by 9.4% year-on-year. Retail sales revenue of household appliances such as refrigerators and household audio-visual equipment such as televisions increased by 48.3% and 26.8% year-on-year, respectively. Retail sales revenue of furniture and lighting increased by 33.2% and 17.2% year-on-year, respectively.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 智春丽 刘 阳 陈世涵
"The Volunteers: A Bloody Battle for Peace" and "Deafening"... During this year's National Day holiday, several new films were released, marking another important milestone for Chinese cinema: box office revenue in 2025 has already surpassed the total for the entire previous year.
This year, we also witnessed a new record for Chinese cinema: the domestic animated film "Ne Zha" topped the global box office charts for a single market, marking the latest achievement of Chinese cinema.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Literature and art are the clarion call of the times, best representing the spirit of an era and leading the way for its ethos."
The development of Chinese cinema carries the cultural memory and spiritual pursuit of the Chinese nation, reflecting the country's path of progress.
The Span of Time
Film originated in the West as a combination of art and technology. So, what defines "Chinese cinema"?
In 1895, the world's first film was screened in France. Ten years later, the film "Dingjun Mountain" (定军山) began production, marking the beginning of Chinese cinema.
Since its inception, Chinese cinema has possessed strong national characteristics, continuing the tradition of conveying Dao (道) through literature and deeply caring about reality, with strong Chinese characteristics.
Film history researcher Sha Dan (沙丹) said: "Chinese cinema has had strong national characteristics since its birth. Film is closely connected to the times, preserving the national cultural memory."
——Let's look at the 120-year-long scroll of light and shadow!
"Dingjun Mountain" brought opera to the screen; "Laborer's Love" (劳工之爱情), the earliest existing short story film, laid the foundation for the development of early cinema; the national anthem "March of the Volunteers" (义勇军进行曲) was originally the theme song of "Sons and Daughters in a Time of Storm" (风云儿女); the Yan'an Film Group (延安电影团) used photographic equipment as weapons of battle, filming valuable images such as "Yan'an and the Eighth Route Army" (延安与八路军) and "Nanniwan" (南泥湾); films from different periods such as "The Lin Family Shop" (林家铺子) and "Emergence" (横空出世) continued the narrative innovation of diverse genres...
——Let's listen to the popular classic lines!
"For the New China, advance!" "For victory, fire at me!" "No matter what, our blood is always hot!" "If there is no road ahead, I will forge one!"...
Classic images and lines have forged the history of the Chinese revolution, construction, and reform under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), becoming a collective memory and shared cultural symbol.
Film is the art of "dream-making" and the carrier of "dream-chasing," deeply integrated into the process of realizing the Chinese Dream.
Looking back, the cultural context is clear:
Writing for the people, expressing emotions for the people, and expressing aspirations for the people. The people need film, and film needs the people.
In black and white images, from the working class's fervent declaration of "being the protagonist for the first time" in "The Bridge" (桥) to Xi'er's (喜儿) cry of liberation in "The White Haired Girl" (白毛女), film contains the voice of the people; on the colorful giant screen, the "Me and My" trilogy of films demonstrates the ideological height and artistic level of the main theme films of the new era, and "A Little Red Flower" (送你一朵小红花) and "Hi, Mom" (你好，李焕英) move people with genuine emotions. Film has been exploring the contemporary expression of "the people's nature."
The tradition of creation has been consistent:
Deeply rooted in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, rooted in the narrative style of observing reality, the excavation of national cultural traditions and the exploration of the modernization of film language have always been carried out in parallel.
Not limited to creation. Since the founding of New China, China has promoted and popularized film culture with a rare intensity and breadth in human history. Especially since the new era, the film industry has flourished. In 2024, the number of urban cinema screens increased by a net of 4,658, reaching a total of 90,968 screens. There are 43,000 public welfare film screening teams nationwide, carrying out 8.21 million public welfare film screenings.
The Span of Strength
Observing the Chinese film market, two leaps are worth noting.
The first is the leap in scale, with film box office revenue jumping from the "hundred million yuan level" to the "tens of billions of yuan level." As of now, the national film box office this year has exceeded 44 billion yuan. At the beginning of this century, the annual film box office was less than 1 billion yuan.
The second is the leap in technology, with film production technology accelerating its iteration. In 1999, the film "Lotus Lantern" (宝莲灯) was mostly two-dimensional animation; in 2025, "Ne Zha" had nearly 2,000 special effects shots. The level of film production and talent reserves has increased, elevating Chinese animation films to international first-class standards.
How to leap?
——Chinese cinema, seeking momentum from reform.
"Reform has pushed film to the market, releasing productivity, and finding a combination between socialist culture and market-oriented reform," said Yin Hong (尹鸿), Vice Chairman of the China Film Association (中国电影家协会).
The "Film Management Regulations" (电影管理条例), the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Prosperity and Development of the Film Industry" (关于促进电影产业繁荣发展的指导意见) and other management policies have been successively introduced, and the "Film Industry Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China" (中华人民共和国电影产业促进法) safeguards the healthy development of the industry. Elevating the strategic positioning of the film industry in the overall situation of building a strong cultural country, the "'14th Five-Year Plan' for the Development of Chinese Film" (《“十四五”中国电影发展规划》) proposes the development goal of building a strong film country by 2035, and Chinese cinema is ushering in historical opportunities and a golden period.
——Chinese cinema, seeking support from technology.
On the creation side, the "Wandering Earth" (流浪地球) series, the "Creation of the Gods" (封神) series, and others explore the establishment of a complete industrialized production process; on the industry side, digital production, virtual shooting, and other technologies are fully embedded; on the market side, segmented distribution, sinking of cinemas, CINITY cinema systems, domestic LED projection systems, and the China Film Digital Film Cloud Distribution platform have been implemented and rolled out.
The Span of Confidence
Domestic films are redefining "blockbusters."
The box office share of domestic films has exceeded 70% for five consecutive years. "Ne Zha" has entered the top five in the global box office. The "Wandering Earth" series has pushed Chinese science fiction to the world. "Chang'an" (长安三万里) allows thousands of years of poetic imagery to surge on the screen...
The high-quality development of Chinese cinema is a vivid portrayal of cultural confidence. What is the source of confidence?
——Confidence comes from adhering to cultural subjectivity. Distinct cultural characteristics are forged in the "relay" between history and the present, inheritance and development.
On the screen is the speeding light and shadow, and outside the screen is the rapidly changing China.
In 1979, the film "Prince Nezha's Triumph Against Dragon" (哪吒闹海) was screened at the Cannes International Film Festival in France and caused a sensation. Critics praised it for its "bright colors, elegant style, and rich imagination." More than 40 years later, "Ne Zha" returned. The BBC issued a sigh that Chinese films "have become competitive on a global scale." In "Nice View" (奇迹·笨小孩), feel the entrepreneurial passion of a vibrant China; in "The Wandering Earth 2" (流浪地球2), integrate the concept of a "community with a shared future for mankind" into the cosmic narrative.
——Confidence comes from mutual learning between civilizations.
The more open, the more confident. Through film, China perceives the world, and the world understands China. Chinese cinema forges influence in international competition, spreading a view of civilization that is equal, mutually appreciative, dialogic, and inclusive.
"Bringing in" demonstrates cultural centripetal force. The Shanghai International Film Festival (上海国际电影节), the Beijing International Film Festival (北京国际电影节), the Pingyao International Film Festival (平遥国际电影展), and other platforms have been built, and their popularity is climbing. "Going out" enhances artistic competitiveness. The co-produced film "The Composer" (音乐家) with countries along the "Belt and Road" connects transnational emotions through the story of Xian Xinghai (冼星海); building a diversified and three-dimensional distribution matrix, the "Ne Zha" series and other films have been released overseas, creating the best overseas performance of Chinese-language films in the past 20 years.
Faced with the new media environment, film also faces challenges: the impact of short videos, the decline in the attractiveness of cinemas to audiences, changes in aesthetic demands, the overlapping of cyclical and structural contradictions in the industry, uneven distribution of schedules, and the fact that film companies are numerous but not strong, requiring them to adapt and change, and continue to deepen reforms. Chinese cinema was born in challenges, has grown all the way, and has never been afraid of difficulties.
From "Dingjun Mountain" to "Ne Zha," on the 120-year-long scroll of light and shadow, the "light and shadow imagery" of Chinese culture echoes each other and shines brightly.
This is an evolution: Chinese cinema originated in Chinese culture, was enlightened by innovation, matured in reform and opening up, and is flourishing in the great rejuvenation.
This is a look back: Ne Zha "stands" on Dingjun Mountain. Beneath the technical surface, the cultural bloodline has been surging for 120 years, uninterrupted, and increasingly strong.
All the way chasing, all the way leaping, from looking up and admiring to looking at eye level, the vision of Chinese cinema has never been as broad as it is today: expanding new themes, exploring new perspectives, applying new technologies, drawing on a source of living water, and daring to embrace all rivers.
The road of light and shadow extends to the future.
120-year-old Chinese cinema is infinitely youthful.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 陈一鸣 时元皓
In the west of Georgetown (乔治敦), the capital of Guyana, the Demerara River (德梅拉拉河) rushes towards the Atlantic Ocean. A 1.8-kilometer-wide cable-stayed bridge made of reinforced concrete soars across the river, becoming a new landmark of the city. This is the new Demerara River Bridge (新德梅拉拉河大桥) (see photo, taken by Hu Zihan (胡自含)), constructed by China Railway Construction Corporation International Group Co., Ltd. (中国铁建国际集团有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "CRCC International"). At the opening ceremony held a few days ago, Guyanese President Irfaan Ali (阿里) said that the bridge is a "lifeline" for commerce, industry, and people's lives, and it will significantly improve transportation capacity and alleviate traffic pressure. The official opening of the bridge marks the beginning of a series of infrastructure changes in Guyana.
"This bridge is our pride, and it is changing our lives"
Guyana, in the language of the indigenous Amerindians, means "land of many waters." Here, rivers and canals are densely distributed. "With the opening of the bridge, contemporary people and future generations have received a precious gift – more wonderful time with loved ones," wrote the mainstream Guyanese media outlet, the Guyana Chronicle (《圭亚那纪事报》), in its report.
Driving on the brand-new, spacious bridge, taxi driver Harvey recalled: "In the past, it would take an hour to cross the river during the morning and evening rush hours." Not far from the new Demerara River Bridge is a floating bridge built in 1978 with a designed lifespan of only 10 years, which used to be the only way for residents on both sides to travel. "The floating bridge has limited traffic capacity, and it has to be suspended for one to two hours every day to make way for ships," Harvey said.
In 2022, CRCC International and the Guyanese Ministry of Public Works (圭亚那公共工程部) officially signed the construction contract. In January 2023, the construction of the bridge started. The bridge is 2,900 meters long, with four lanes in both directions and non-motor vehicle lanes, and is designed for a maximum speed of 80 kilometers per hour. Project Manager Wang Zhiliang (王志良) introduced that the new bridge reduces the travel time between the two sides by 3/4, and the main navigation channel can accommodate 50,000-ton ships, which not only greatly improves the traffic efficiency between the two sides, but also greatly improves the shipping conditions of the Demerara River.
"With smoother traffic, it is also more convenient to do business." Fruit merchant Sonia told reporters: "This bridge is our pride, and it is changing our lives."
"Guyanese people are proud of this achievement." Juan Edghill (胡安·埃奇希尔), Minister of Public Works of Guyana, commented, "This bridge will reshape the traffic pattern of Georgetown and activate the regional economy." The Guyanese Ministry of Public Information (圭亚那公共信息部) published an article pointing out that the new Demerara River Bridge is "a milestone in Guyana's march towards modernization, providing safe, efficient, and sustainable connectivity for future generations."
"It is a bridge of friendship, a bridge of development, and also a bridge to the future"
Looking back on the construction process of the bridge, Guyanese young engineer Ganesh still remembers many details.
Ganesh studied in Trinidad and Tobago and worked in construction there after graduation. Learning that the bridge in his hometown was about to be built, he returned to China and joined CRCC International. From driving the first pile to hoisting the first beam to installing the first cable, Ganesh experienced many "firsts" in his career. "More importantly, I learned valuable technology from my Chinese colleagues, which is a brand new gain for me," he said. "I sincerely thank my Chinese colleagues for bringing advanced technology to Guyana, and thank Chinese companies for bringing this first-class bridge to Guyana."
The construction of the bridge is far from a simple technology "transplant." Facing challenges such as ultra-deep soft soil layers at the estuary, strong corrosive marine environment, and daily tidal differences of 3 meters, the construction team adopted innovative construction technology to deeply plant 120-meter-long piles underground, laying a solid foundation for the project. Ning Guangwei (宁广委), chief engineer of the project, introduced that the local sand and gravel have too high fine particle content and the cost of imported sand is high. In order to solve this problem, the project department developed the "water-binding sand" process to separate standard medium and coarse sand from local sand, solving the sand problem locally.
Since the start of construction, the project has created more than 2,000 jobs, and more than 20 local senior engineers and more than 300 technicians have grown in practice. The project department also regularly holds "open days" to invite Guyanese engineers, university students, and primary and secondary school students to visit, with a cumulative reception of more than 2,000 people. Zhang Baoluo (张保罗), president of the Guyana-China Friendship Association (圭亚那中国友好协会), said that the new Demerara River Bridge not only connects the two sides, but also connects development and prosperity. The completion of the bridge shows that the cooperation results between China and Latin American countries are visible and tangible, "This bridge is a bridge of friendship, a bridge of development, and also a bridge to the future."
Along the west bank of the Demerara River, a mangrove forest stretches into the distance. In the forest, egrets occasionally leap from the branches and skim over the water. This mangrove forest is a protective barrier for the riverbank and an important habitat for various aquatic animals and plants.
"We adopted a bridge crossing plan, and the approach bridge bypasses the most densely populated area of the mangrove forest to minimize the impact on the ecology." Francis, the project's health, safety, and environment engineer, introduced that the project put "green construction" first at the beginning of the design. The project department insisted on regularly carrying out water sample and soil testing and dust reduction treatment during the construction process, centrally recycled 20 tons of waste oil, and strictly prohibited open flame operations around the protected area. "This is responsible for the wetlands, for wild animals, and also for the future."
"The results of jointly building the 'Belt and Road' are being implemented"
Going upstream along the Demerara River is Linden (林登市), located in the hinterland of Guyana. This city is prosperous due to mineral and timber resources, but only an old bridge that has been in service for nearly 50 years and allows one-way traffic bears the traffic between the two sides of the river. Vehicles are often congested here, which seriously affects the development of the city.
Now, this situation is about to change. The new Mackenzie-Wismar Bridge (新麦肯齐—维斯马大桥), constructed by CRCC International, is under construction. Project Manager An Pengfei (安鹏飞) introduced that after the new bridge is completed, it will replace the old bridge, and the original average travel time of 20 minutes will be shortened to within 3 minutes. The new bridge is designed with a clearance height of 11.5 meters and a navigation clearance width of 32 meters, which means that large freighters can also pass smoothly. After the bridge is completed, it will become a hub connecting the coastal and inland areas of Guyana, promoting local economic and social development.
At present, Guyana is planning to build a highway from Linden to Lethem (莱瑟姆) on the southern border, and the new Mackenzie-Wismar Bridge is an important node in this transportation artery. The Guyana Chronicle commented that this is a strategic measure for Guyana to promote transportation modernization and strengthen regional connectivity. Data from the Guyanese Ministry of Public Information shows that the output value of the country's construction industry increased by 20% year-on-year in 2024, and this number will continue to rise with the advancement of a series of national infrastructure projects. In this process, Chinese companies are playing an important role. In addition to bridge construction, Chinese companies have also participated in Guyana's airport expansion, hospital and school construction, power transmission and transformation projects, etc., helping Guyana's modernization transformation.
Yang Yang (杨扬), Chinese Ambassador to Guyana, told reporters that Guyana is an important partner of China in the Caribbean region. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations 53 years ago, the two countries have achieved fruitful results in cooperation in various fields, setting a model of equal treatment, mutual assistance, and win-win cooperation between large and small countries. "China-Guyana pragmatic cooperation is entering a fast track of rapid development, and the results of the two countries jointly building the 'Belt and Road' are being implemented."
(Reported from Georgetown by this newspaper)
Return to TopBy: 王文刚
This year marks the 55th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Equatorial Guinea. Over the past 55 years, the two countries have weathered storms together, advanced hand in hand, and witnessed and supported each other's economic and social development, becoming a model of South-South cooperation and equal treatment between large and small countries.
China and Equatorial Guinea are good brothers with common ideals and aspirations, and high-level political mutual trust is the most distinctive feature of the relations between the two countries. The Equatorial Guinean government firmly adheres to the One China principle and supports China in achieving complete reunification. At the 26th United Nations General Assembly in 1971, Equatorial Guinea firmly supported the restoration of the People's Republic of China's legitimate rights in the United Nations. On issues such as Taiwan, Hong Kong, Xinjiang, and human rights, Equatorial Guinea has always given China strong support. Faced with the imposition of tariffs by individual countries and the Western countries' hype about the so-called "debt trap" and "neo-colonialism" of China in Africa, Equatorial Guinea has always spoken out for justice and stood firmly on the side of facts and justice. In 2024, President Xi Jinping (习近平) held fruitful talks with President Obiang (奥比昂) of Equatorial Guinea, who was in China for a state visit. The two sides jointly announced the elevation of the relations between the two countries to a comprehensive strategic cooperative partnership, drawing a new blueprint for the development of the relations between the two countries.
肝胆相照 (gān dǎn xiāng zhào - "sharing liver and gallbladder," to treat each other with utmost sincerity) is the distinctive background color of the friendship between China and Equatorial Guinea. In the early days of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries, China resolutely helped Equatorial Guinea's economic and social development despite its own limited resources. After the Wenchuan (汶川) earthquake in 2008, President Obiang (奥比昂) sent his foreign minister to deliver 1 million euros to the disaster area. In 2016, the "China-Equatorial Guinea Friendship Primary School" funded by the Equatorial Guinean government was completed in Jinping Miao, Yao, and Dai Autonomous County (金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县), Yunnan Province (云南省). In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, the two countries united and helped each other. China took the lead in providing COVID-19 vaccine assistance to Equatorial Guinea, and the Equatorial Guinean government donated 2 million US dollars to support China's fight against the epidemic. The friendship between the two countries has become even stronger in overcoming difficulties together.
Mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation is the powerful driving force of cooperation between China and Equatorial Guinea. China has become Equatorial Guinea's largest trading partner, source of imports, export destination, and engineering contractor. Various types of infrastructure such as transportation, electricity, and telecommunications built with Chinese aid and contracted by Chinese companies, as well as various products such as food and clothing from China, are very common in Equatorial Guinea, which have improved the national image of Equatorial Guinea and the lives of local people, and are a vivid footnote to the win-win cooperation between the two countries. China actively supports Equatorial Guinea in promoting economic diversification and industrialization, continuously strengthens technical training and talent cultivation, and consolidates the foundation for Equatorial Guinea's independent development. President Obiang (奥比昂) highly praised: "Our cooperation with China in talent cultivation and project construction has enhanced the strength of African countries, including Equatorial Guinea. These are things that those colonialists could not give us in the past."
People-to-people connectivity is the solid bond of the relationship between China and Equatorial Guinea. China provides various human resources training opportunities for Equatorial Guinea every year, and more and more Equatorial Guinean students study in China through Chinese government scholarships or self-application. The Confucius Institute at the National University of Equatorial Guinea (赤道几内亚国立大学孔子学院) and the Confucius Classrooms opened in many primary and secondary schools in the local area have opened a window for local people to understand China. Chinese has become one of the most popular foreign languages among local students, and Chinese culture has become an important part of Equatorial Guinea's multiculturalism. The two countries continue to expand exchanges in media, music, sports and other fields to promote people-to-people affinity.
In the Gulf of Guinea region in West-Central Africa, tall and straight kapok trees with umbrella-like canopies can often be seen. It is also the national tree of Equatorial Guinea. Standing at a new historical starting point, China and Equatorial Guinea will continue to work together in the same boat and make joint efforts to deepen the roots of political mutual trust, strengthen the trunk of mutually beneficial cooperation, and make the leaves of cultural exchanges flourish. It is believed that the friendship tree between China and Equatorial Guinea, which is as strong as the kapok tree, will be jointly cultivated by both sides, and it will surely be lush and fruitful, continuously benefiting the people of both countries.
(The author is the Chinese Ambassador to Equatorial Guinea)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 18th. On the morning of October 18th, Beijing time, the Chinese lead person for China-U.S. economic and trade affairs, Vice Premier of the State Council He Lifeng (何立峰), held a video call with the U.S. lead person, U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Janet Yellen (贝森特) and Trade Representative Katherine Tai (格里尔). The two sides, focusing on implementing the important consensus reached by the two heads of state in their previous calls this year, conducted frank, in-depth, and constructive exchanges on important issues in bilateral economic and trade relations, and agreed to hold a new round of China-U.S. economic and trade consultations as soon as possible.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 尚凯元
This year marks the 60th anniversary of the establishment of the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区). Over the past 60 years, the plateau has undergone earth-shaking changes and embarked on a path of development with distinct characteristics of the times. Albert Ettinger, a scholar from Luxembourg, has long studied the Tibet issue and has conducted on-the-ground investigations in Tibet (西藏) on multiple occasions. In an interview with this reporter, he said: "What I have seen and heard, the information I have collected, the people I have met in Tibet (西藏), and the experiences I have had, have all made me realize that there is a huge difference between the real Tibet (西藏) and the preconceived notions in the West."
The real opportunity that prompted Ettinger to make up his mind to conduct in-depth research on the Tibet (西藏) issue was around 2008. At that time, some Western media, out of ideological bias, fabricated many lies about Tibet (西藏). He realized that the Western public's understanding of Tibet (西藏) was far from comprehensive. "When I found that some Western textbooks were telling about Tibet (西藏) in a biased and false way, I felt that I had to respond. I wanted to counter this Western propaganda and tell the public about a real Tibet (西藏)." Ettinger said that he has published two books related to Tibet (西藏), exploring the history and reality of Tibet (西藏) from different perspectives.
"In the process of writing the book, I deeply studied the records of those who visited Tibet (西藏) before 1951, so I have a particularly deep feeling about the tremendous changes in Tibet (西藏) since its peaceful liberation." Ettinger said that he has visited Tibet (西藏) for on-the-spot investigations many times, and the most direct impression is the increasing improvement of infrastructure construction and the significant improvement of people's living standards. The Qinghai-Tibet Railway (青藏铁路) has created a miracle in the history of world railway construction; airports in places such as Nyingchi (林芝) and Ali (阿里) have efficiently connected the plateau with all parts of China (中国); the total mileage of highways in the region has exceeded 120,000 kilometers, and all townships and established villages are connected by highways, which has greatly improved people's travel, medical treatment, and schooling conditions. "Tibet (西藏) is on the road to modernization today and has achieved prosperity and progress, fundamentally benefiting from the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and the new era's strategy of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) for governing Tibet (西藏)." Ettinger said.
Ettinger believes that the Western countries' attacks on human rights in Tibet (西藏) are extremely absurd. He said that in old Tibet (西藏), the vast majority of people lived in extremely harsh conditions, and serfs were completely dominated by serf owners, and even their lives did not belong to themselves. Due to malnutrition, rampant diseases, and lack of sanitation, the average life expectancy was only about 30 years. It was not until after the democratic reforms that the vast number of Tibetan (西藏) people ended their tragic fate, became their own masters, and enjoyed extensive and real rights in politics. The urban and rural public medical and health service system has been continuously improved, and health checkups for farmers and herdsmen have achieved full coverage. The average life expectancy in the region has increased to 72.5 years. "Obviously, the people of Tibet (西藏) today are living a better, freer, and happier life than ever before." Ettinger said.
"Some people claim that the Tibetan language is threatened? But everyone can speak Tibetan and write Tibetan. Some people say that religion is suppressed? But the streets, temples, and monasteries are crowded with pilgrims and monks. Some people say that traditional culture has been eliminated? Then how do you explain the fact that Tibet University (西藏大学) is investing a lot of energy in restoring ancient books?" Ettinger said that seeing is more convincing than hearsay. Over the past 60 years, the Chinese Central Government (中国中央政府) and the Tibet Autonomous Region Government (西藏自治区政府) have continued to increase investment in education, medical care, transportation, culture, and other fields, enabling Tibet (西藏) to achieve comprehensive economic and social progress, and also providing a solid guarantee for the protection and inheritance of traditional culture. "The art and culture of Tibet (西藏) are now more vibrant than ever before."
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 谢亚宏
October in Serbia is filled with rich autumn colors. Inside the Belgrade Central Railway Station (贝尔格莱德中央火车站), a brand-new high-speed train is parked beside the platform, with an electronic screen displaying the final destination as Subotica (苏博蒂察), a small border city. This is the first passenger train dispatched after the full opening of the Serbian section of the Belgrade-Budapest Railway, also known as the Hungary-Serbia Railway. Local people stepped into the carriages to experience a brand new journey together and feel the train's "China speed."
The Belgrade-Budapest Railway (贝尔格莱德-布达佩斯铁路), connecting Belgrade (贝尔格莱德) with Budapest (布达佩斯), the capital of Hungary (匈牙利), is 341.7 kilometers long, of which the Serbian section is 183.1 kilometers long, with a designed maximum speed of 200 kilometers per hour. It is a flagship project of cooperation between China and Central and Eastern European countries. The majority of the project is financed by the Export-Import Bank of China (中国进出口银行), with China Railway International Co., Ltd. (中国铁路国际有限公司) leading a Chinese consortium formed with China Communications Construction Company (中国交通建设股份有限公司) to be responsible for construction.
At 12 noon, the train officially departed. After a brief acceleration, the electronic display screen in the carriage indicated that the train had begun to travel at a maximum speed of 200 kilometers per hour. Many passengers took out their mobile phones to take photos with friends in front of the electronic display screen. Passenger Dragan (德拉甘) told reporters: "This railway connects the cities of Serbia in an efficient way. It is an important symbol of our country's move towards modernization. Serbia's ability to have such a high-speed railway proves that the country is progressing and developing."
Another passenger, Aleksandar (亚历山大), told reporters: "The high-speed train is completely different from the old trains. The carriage is very stable, and the coffee cup does not shake when placed on the small table. The speed is unbelievably fast, but the interior is very quiet. I believe that high-speed trains will become the preferred mode of transportation for more and more people in the future."
Not long ago, Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić (武契奇) personally experienced the test run train to Subotica (苏博蒂察). He said that previously, the train from Belgrade (贝尔格莱德) to Subotica (苏博蒂察) took nearly 5 hours, but this train only takes a little over an hour to arrive. He said with emotion: "Without our Chinese friends, we could not have achieved such a great achievement."
The entire Serbian section of the Belgrade-Budapest Railway adopts a train control system independently developed by China Railway, introduces China's domestically produced and independent communication signals, power and electrification, steel rails, turnouts, bridge steel structures and other equipment, and tailor-made high-speed EMU trains for the Belgrade-Budapest Railway. As the first order for Chinese high-speed rail to enter Europe, the Belgrade-Budapest Railway has also become the first project for Chinese railway technology and equipment to pass the EU Railway Interoperability Technical Specification certification.
In March 2022, the Belgrade-Novi Sad (贝诺段) section of the Belgrade-Budapest Railway within Serbia was opened for operation, opening a new era of high-speed railways in the Balkan region. After the opening of the Belgrade-Novi Sad section, the travel time between the two places was reduced from more than 90 minutes to about 30 minutes, with an average daily operation of 62 passenger trains. As of now, it has carried more than 12.6 million passengers, and has been well received by the Serbian government and people. Aleksandar Adamović (亚历山大·阿达莫维奇), Acting Director of the Serbian Railway Authority, said that the Belgrade-Budapest Railway has been completed to a high standard, bringing convenience to the lives of residents along the route, and will continue to change the face of national development.
At 13:22, the train arrived at Subotica Station (苏博蒂察站), and passengers got off the train one after another. Looking into the distance from Subotica Station (苏博蒂察站), the railway tracks continue to extend to the border between Serbia and Hungary, and the Hungarian section of the Belgrade-Budapest Railway is under construction. Csépke Nándor (切普赖格伊·南多), Deputy Minister of Construction and Transport of Hungary (匈牙利建设和交通部副部长), said that the Hungarian section of the Belgrade-Budapest Railway will be opened for operation in the spring of next year. By then, this railway will fully realize its potential and bring more opportunities for the economic development of Hungary, Serbia and the region.
Return to TopNairobi, October 18th (Reporter Huang Weixin (黄炜鑫)) Dar es Salaam News: The handover ceremony of China's first foreign aid geological park project, the Ngorongoro-Lengai Geopark project, was held on the 16th in Arusha Province, Tanzania.
Tanzanian Vice President Mpango (姆潘戈) said that the Ngorongoro-Lengai Geopark is the only geopark in sub-Saharan Africa and the second world geopark on the African continent. He thanked the Chinese government for its long-term support for Tanzania's infrastructure construction.
It is reported that the Ngorongoro-Lengai Geopark is Tanzania's first world geopark. The project was organized and implemented by the International Economic Cooperation Affairs Bureau of the Ministry of Commerce of China (中国商务部国际经济合作事务局). The Tianjin Geological Survey Center of the China Geological Survey (中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心) and China Railway 25th Bureau (中铁二十五局) respectively undertook technical and infrastructure assistance tasks.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Thailand Sattahip Port, October 18th (Reporter Sun Guangyong (孙广勇)) On the morning of the 16th, the Chinese Navy's 83rd ship formation arrived at Sattahip Port in Thailand, beginning a 4-day friendly visit to Thailand. During the visit, the formation's officers and soldiers will visit the Royal Thai Navy's HTMS Chakri Naruebet (扎克里) aircraft carrier and other military facilities, and will go to the Royal Thai Naval Academy to conduct seminars and friendly ball games with representatives of the academy's officers and soldiers.
Return to TopOn October 18, the 2025 China Baigou International Luggage and Handbag Expo was held at the Hebei Export Commodity Exhibition Center in Gaobeidian City (高碑店市), Hebei Province (河北省). This expo attracted more than 500 international buyers and more than 100 cross-border seller representatives from more than 50 countries and regions, including Russia (俄罗斯), Egypt (埃及), and Iran (伊朗). The picture shows foreign merchants understanding luggage and handbag products.
Zhang Wujun (张武军) and Feng Yun (冯云) reported with photographs.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 吴 丹 吴 月
The world-renowned physicist, Nobel Prize laureate in Physics, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Professor of Tsinghua University, and Honorary Dean of the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University, Mr. Yang Zhenning (杨振宁), passed away in Beijing (北京) on October 18th due to illness, at the age of 103.
"Gui Gen Ju" (归根居) is Yang Zhenning's residence at Tsinghua (清华). The figure of the professor seems to still be before our eyes, and the story of returning to one's roots has already been written.
"My starting point is my ending point... My ending point is my starting point." These are lines of poetry that Yang Zhenning loved and translated into Chinese.
From the starting point to the ending point, his life was spent exploring the unknown and caring for his country.
"I have traveled a great circle in my life."
The Science Museum of Tsinghua University is a place where Yang Zhenning often came with his father, Professor Yang Wuzhi (杨武之), during his childhood, and it is also where Yang Zhenning worked after returning to China. Not far to the west is his childhood home.
Born in 1922, he went to the United States in the 1940s to study and teach. From 1997, he served as the honorary director of the Center for Advanced Study (now known as the Institute for Advanced Study) at Tsinghua University, and from 1999, he served as a professor at Tsinghua University. Yang Zhenning once said, "I have traveled a great circle in my life, growing up in Tsinghua Garden, and returning to my old home more than 60 years later."
From Tsinghua Garden in his childhood, to the Southwest Associated University (西南联大) during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, to going overseas and becoming one of the most influential physicists in the world, and then returning to China to start a new career, he always maintained a strong sense of national identity and a sincere patriotic heart.
Yang Zhenning, who laid a solid foundation at Southwest Associated University, went to the United States in 1945 as a publicly funded student from Tsinghua University. Later, he and Li Zhengdao (李政道) jointly proposed "parity non-conservation in weak interactions" and won the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physics.
"I think my achievements in scientific work have helped increase the confidence of the Chinese people, and this is probably the most important contribution of my life," he once said about his feelings after winning the Nobel Prize.
In 1971, Yang Zhenning visited New China for the first time. Since then, he has done a lot of work to promote domestic scientific and technological exchanges and progress, and has offered suggestions for major scientific projects and science and education policies.
In 2015, Yang Zhenning gave up his American citizenship and then changed from a foreign academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He said, "What circulates in my body is the blood of my father, the blood of Chinese culture."
From a Chinese teenager, to a patriotic expatriate, to an old man returning to his roots, Yang Zhenning always remembered his father Yang Wuzhi's instruction that "one should be grateful for the country's great kindness in one's life" (有生应感国恩宏), cared for his country, and made important contributions to the country's science and education.
"Mr. Yang's patriotic feelings and academic achievements are admirable and inspire batches of young people to devote themselves to academic research," said Gu Binglin (顾秉林), Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Dean of the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University.
"There are two things I am most concerned about."
"There are two things I am most concerned about in my life: one is the development of China, and the other is the development of physics," Yang Zhenning said.
Proposing the Yang-Mills gauge field theory with Mills, proposing "parity non-conservation in weak interactions" in cooperation with Li Zhengdao, discovering the key equation for one-dimensional quantum many-body problems, the "Yang-Baxter equation"... Yang Zhenning has made outstanding contributions to the development of modern physics.
If the two things that Yang Zhenning is most concerned about are combined, it is "Chinese physics."
In 1947, a letter from Huang Kun (黄昆), a classmate of Yang Zhenning at Southwest Associated University, recorded the aspirations of two young people: "We sincerely feel that China with us and without us, **makes a difference** (N/A - N/A)." Huang Kun wrote to Yang Zhenning in the letter, "successfully organize a truly independent physics center in your importance should be higher than getting a Nobel Prize."
The wish is gradually becoming a reality. Since the 1980s, Yang Zhenning has successively helped domestic universities such as Sun Yat-sen University (中山大学) and Nankai University (南开大学) establish basic science research institutions such as theoretical physics; since 1986, he has been invited to serve as a Bowen Visiting Professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong; later, he regarded the development of the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University as his new career.
Lin Jiaqiao (林家翘), Yao Qizhi (姚期智), Wang Xiaoyun (王小云)... Under the strong invitation and influence of Yang Zhenning, world-class scientists joined the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University. A series of chain reactions are attracting more and more outstanding scholars.
"Through these years of exchanges, I clearly know that Mr. Yang most expects the Chinese to be able to do world-class scientific research and be able to use our own world-leading technology to solve China's practical problems," said Wang Xiaoyun, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Professor of the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University. "I think his selfless support is of profound significance to the growth of many young people."
"Students have lofty ambitions, and I should be a guiding pine."
After returning to China, Mr. Yang Zhenning wrote a five-character poem "Returning to Roots" (归根), which contains the following sentence: "The Divine Land has a new sky, and the old garden has a heavy mission. Students have lofty ambitions, and I should be a guiding pine." (神州新天换，故园使命重。学子凌云志，我当指路松。)
He once said, "Because I have worked at the forefront of physics for many years, I can give some help to students at Tsinghua who are interested in scientific research and help them 'guide the way.'"
The teachers and students of the Department of Physics at Tsinghua University still remember such a scene: on September 13, 2004, in the Sixth Teaching Building of Tsinghua University, Yang Zhenning, 82, walked onto the podium in a blue shirt and explained the basic physics concepts to the freshmen.
It was Zhu Bangfen (朱邦芬), Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and then Director of the Department of Physics at Tsinghua University, who suggested that he teach "General Physics" to students, and Yang Zhenning agreed without hesitation. In the following semester, he went to the podium on time twice a week.
"Mr. Yang's teaching of freshmen has set a high standard, encouraged the vast number of teachers active in the front line of teaching, and promoted many teachers who have done well in research to go to the podium." In Zhu Bangfen's view, Yang Zhenning not only imparted knowledge, but more importantly, passed on his teaching and research experience to young students and guided them to form their own physical taste and academic style.
In addition to teaching basic courses, Yang Zhenning was often invited to give reports to students and communicate face-to-face, talking about the way of learning and the beauty of physics. Many freshmen have heard his report at the school's comprehensive gymnasium.
"Young students should seize the luck and opportunities given by the times and strive to create their own future." Mr. Yang Zhenning's words have taken root and grown in the hearts of students.
"Please continue to work hard."
"Collection of Dawn" (曙光集) and "Collection of Morning Light" (晨曦集) are the names of Yang Zhenning's collections of essays, and they also embody his expectations.
In 2007, in the preface to "Collection of Dawn," Yang Zhenning recalled the past and wrote: "Fortunately, the Chinese nation has finally completed this long night and seen the dawn."
Ten years later, in the preface to "Collection of Morning Light," Yang Zhenning wrote: "There have been amazing changes both at home and abroad" "The dawn has turned into morning light."
A few years later, on many occasions, Yang Zhenning said, "Today we should be able to say 'I have already seen the dawn'" "The future 'bright day' is very clear" "I also believe that following the current direction, Chinese physics will shine brightly."
The man has passed away, but his firm voice is still in our ears.
Reviewing the emails in his mailbox, Zhai Hui (翟荟), a student of Yang Zhenning and a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study at Tsinghua University, relived the bits and pieces with his teacher. "Please continue to work hard." This was the last email Yang Zhenning wrote to Zhai Hui.
"Continue to work hard, face the future with confidence and determination, and do better work - with these words, you will always be by my side," Zhai Hui said.
"‘**宁拙毋巧，宁朴毋华**’ (nìng zhuō wú qiǎo, nìng pǔ wú huá - "rather be clumsy than skillful, rather be simple than flowery," better to be genuine and unadorned than artificial and showy) is his attitude towards learning and his attitude towards life." The official WeChat account of Tsinghua University released an obituary, which not only touched the teachers and students of Tsinghua, but also aroused the deep remembrance of many netizens:
"I have had the great honor of attending your class" "Deeply mourn the respected senior" "He returned himself to the universe, but left the clues to understanding the universe to the world" "Looking up at the vastness of the universe and looking down at the minuteness of particles, Mr. Yang Zhenning will live forever" "Inherit his ambition and live up to his expectations"...
The professor has passed away, but his spirit will live forever. Young scientists and students are taking on the important task of building a strong country in science and technology and are jointly heading towards a brighter future.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 18th (Reporter Wei Mengjia (魏梦佳)) It was learned from Tsinghua University (清华大学) that Nobel Prize winner in Physics, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), and renowned physicist Yang Zhenning (杨振宁) passed away in Beijing (北京) on October 18th at the age of 103.
Yang Zhenning (杨振宁) was born in Hefei, Anhui (安徽合肥) in 1922. He went to the United States for study and teaching in the 1940s and won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957. The Yang-Mills gauge theory he proposed with Mills is one of the most important achievements in 20th-century physics. Since returning to China more than 20 years ago, Yang Zhenning (杨振宁) has taught at Tsinghua University (清华大学), making important contributions in cultivating and attracting talents, and promoting academic exchanges between China and foreign countries.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 汪晓东 刘志强 王 浩
The long river of history surges forward, and the pace of striving never stops.
The 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee will be held in Beijing (北京) from October 20 to 23 to study and formulate recommendations for the "15th Five-Year Plan."
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must closely focus on the central tasks of the Party on the new journey in the new era, plan and implement the goals, tasks, and strategic measures for the '15th Five-Year Plan,' and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically achieving socialist modernization."
From the "First Five-Year Plan" to the "14th Five-Year Plan," and then to the realization of the second centenary goal, examining the upcoming five years within this historical coordinate system reveals much hardship, much difficulty, and much glory!
Five years ago, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out at the second plenary meeting of the 19th Fifth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee: "'The 14th Five-Year Plan' period is a critical period for China to achieve new and greater development. We must enhance our awareness of opportunities and risks, accurately recognize changes, scientifically respond to changes, and proactively seek changes, be brave in sailing against the wind, be good at turning crises into opportunities, and make a good start and take a good step for building a socialist modern country in all respects."
Now, reviewing this important exposition, looking back at the "14th Five-Year Plan," and looking forward to the "15th Five-Year Plan," we are filled with emotion and pride.
Today's China has magnificent mountains and rivers, a heroic people, and a bright future. "The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable!" "Time and momentum are on our side. This is where our determination and confidence lie, and it is also where our determination and confidence lie."
Navigation and Orientation
"Only by unswervingly adhering to the Party's leadership can Chinese-style modernization have a bright future and thrive."
A new city reflects the myriad phenomena of Chinese-style modernization.
Moving into their new home in Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), Hebei (河北), Yang Gaomin (杨高敏), an employee of Sinochem (中国中化), is living a life full of "small joys." The park is not far from home, and it takes 10 minutes to get to work by bus. "There are more and more high-rise buildings, shops are bustling with people, and the city is full of vitality."
Above ground, the Millennium Forest and the Central Green Valley stretch greenly, and "smart cars" travel smoothly on "smart roads"; underground, electricity, communications, gas, heating, and water supply live in "collective dormitories"; in the cloud, the "city brain" operates at high speed, processing more than 20 billion data items per day... Starting from a blank sheet of paper, the "city of the future" is rising from the ground.
Cities are constantly growing, and time is flying forward. From the "growing" Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), we see "a new path of urban modernization with Chinese characteristics," and we hear the sonorous footsteps of the great Eastern country pursuing modernization.
"From the First Five-Year Plan to the 14th Five-Year Plan, the consistent theme is to build our country into a modern socialist country."
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we seized the opportunity to embark on a new journey of building a socialist modern country in all respects and marching towards the second centenary goal, the first five years of which "China's development has entered a period in which strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertain and unpredictable factors have increased." We must be prepared to withstand major tests of high winds and waves, and even stormy seas.
"On the new journey, what do we rely on to further unite our efforts? We must rely on Chinese-style modernization."
What is Chinese-style modernization? How to promote Chinese-style modernization?
In October 2020, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee profoundly expounded the five important characteristics of Chinese-style modernization; in October 2022, the report to the 20th CPC National Congress summarized, proposed, and deeply elaborated the theory of Chinese-style modernization; in February 2023, at the opening ceremony of the seminar on studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress, a series of major theoretical and practical issues of Chinese-style modernization were profoundly expounded... General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), standing at the height of the strategic overall situation, pointed out a broad road for building a strong country and realizing national rejuvenation, and provided fundamental guidelines and action plans for completing the central tasks of the Party on the new journey in the new era.
Chinese-style modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党).
More than 100 years ago, as soon as the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) was born, it consciously shouldered the important task of exploring the path of Chinese modernization. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, our Party has continued to move forward on the existing basis and has successfully promoted and expanded Chinese-style modernization.
All the way through arduous pioneering and full of hardships, all the way full of pride and triumphant songs, the Chinese nation has stood up, become rich, and become strong, and is moving from the brink of peril to great rejuvenation. Practice has fully proved that adhering to and strengthening the Party's overall leadership is the fundamental guarantee for promoting Chinese-style modernization. "Only by unswervingly adhering to the Party's leadership can Chinese-style modernization have a bright future and thrive."
Chinese-style modernization has both the common characteristics of modernization in various countries and the distinct characteristics based on its own national conditions.
Modernization with a huge population, modernization with common prosperity for all the people, modernization with coordinated material and spiritual civilization, modernization with harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and modernization that follows the path of peaceful development... General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) profoundly revealed the scientific connotation of Chinese-style modernization, leading us to turn Chinese characteristics into successful practices and distinct characteristics into unique advantages.
Chinese-style modernization shows another picture of modernization and creates a new form of human civilization.
In Zhu Xi Garden (朱熹园) in Wuyi Mountain (武夷山), Fujian (福建), it is emphasized to "combine the promotion of outstanding traditional culture with the Marxist position, viewpoint, and method"; in the Ancient Culture Street (古文化街) in Tianjin (天津), it is lamented that "Chinese-style modernization cannot be separated from the inheritance and promotion of outstanding traditional culture"; in the Pingjiang (平江) historical and cultural block in Suzhou (苏州), Jiangsu (江苏), it is instructed to "protect, excavate, and utilize"... Along the way, thinking along the way, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) put forward the "two combinations," especially the "second combination," with a high degree of theoretical consciousness and theoretical self-confidence, leading us to guard the foundation and source, the root and soul of Chinese-style modernization.
"Deeply rooted in the outstanding traditional Chinese culture, embodying the advanced essence of scientific socialism, drawing on and absorbing all the excellent achievements of human civilization, and representing the development direction of human civilization progress," Chinese-style modernization breaks the myth of "modernization = Westernization" and provides a Chinese solution for mankind's exploration of a better social system.
"Promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in all respects with Chinese-style modernization!" Anchored to the central task, theoretical innovation keeps pace with the times, and the great cause moves forward, and the magnificent picture of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is slowly unfolding.
Hefei (合肥) and Wuhu (芜湖) are driven by dual cores and assemble complete vehicles; Chuzhou (滁州), Ma'anshan (马鞍山), and Xuancheng (宣城) focus on supporting facilities and each show their strengths... Based in the Yangtze River Delta (长三角) and relying on the high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" (一带一路), Anhui (安徽), a central province, has given full play to its strategic superposition advantages, and its total economic volume exceeded 5 trillion yuan last year.
The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) ignites the engine of innovation, and the "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" innovation cluster ranks first in the world; Jiangsu (江苏), "a major economic province, shoulders the heavy burden," creating more than 10% of the country's total economic volume; Xinjiang (新疆), "building a golden channel in Asia and Europe and a bridgehead for opening to the west," has changed from an inland hinterland to an open frontier; the comprehensive revitalization of the Northeast is poised to take off, the Loess Plateau has changed from yellow to green, and the Yangtze River (长江), which stretches thousands of miles, flows eastward with clear water... In a series of important meetings and inspections, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) planned from the "broad" and laid out chess pieces in the "precise and subtle," guiding all localities to firmly grasp the strategic positioning in the overall situation of national development and write a new chapter in Chinese-style modernization.
With continuous deepening of understanding, continuous improvement of strategy, and continuous enrichment of practice, China is accumulating small steps to reach thousands of miles in the constant progress of time—
Looking up at the sky, "Chang'e" flies to the moon, "Beidou" networks, "Xihe" explores the sun, and the "Space Home" travels in the sky; overlooking China, the East counts the West, the West transmits electricity to the East, the South diverts water to the North, the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Channel is like a rainbow lying on the waves, and domestic cruise ships sail far away... Pursuing dreams in the stars and the sea, development is changing with each passing day.
Resisting earthquakes, fighting floods, and preventing epidemics, we are united in our efforts to continue the spirit of heroism. We solemnly celebrated the centenary of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), successfully convened the 20th CPC National Congress, and solemnly commemorated the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, accomplishing major events one after another, and the Chinese nation is in high spirits.
"The most extraordinary thing seems ordinary, but it is difficult to succeed easily." After the "14th Five-Year Plan," Chinese-style modernization has taken new and solid steps, and socialism with Chinese characteristics has burst out with new vitality.
"'During the '15th Five-Year Plan' period, economic and social development must adhere to the Party's overall leadership,' 'adhere to putting the people first,' 'adhere to high-quality development,' 'adhere to comprehensively deepening reform,' 'adhere to the combination of an effective market and a capable government,' and 'adhere to coordinating development and security'..." On September 29 this year, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee proposed "six adherences," pointing out the direction for the "15th Five-Year Plan" period to cope with the profound and complex changes facing China's development environment and to continue to promote the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
Primary Task
"China is so big and has so many people that it can only place the development of the country and the nation on the basis of its own strength." "High-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in all respects."
A bearing transmits the strong pulse of high-quality development.
From the "First Five-Year Plan" to the "14th Five-Year Plan," Luoyang Bearing Group (洛轴集团) has blossomed with new brilliance.
Heat treatment, turning, grinding, and mechanical arms are moving around, and a set of new energy vehicle hub bearing products is produced every 15 seconds. Focusing on "high-precision and cutting-edge," Luoyang Bearing Group (洛轴) has established multiple teams, invested 800 million yuan, and won "fist products," harvesting the first place in the market.
Offshore wind turbines generate green electricity, Shenzhou spacecrafts ask questions about the sky, and the "China Sky Eye" captures the "murmur" of space... Luoyang Bearing Group's (洛轴) products "go to the sky and enter the sea," and the output value of high-end bearings has reached 70%. In May this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) sighed during his inspection of Luoyang Bearing Group (洛轴): "This road is the right one!"
"China is so big and has so many people that it can only place the development of the country and the nation on the basis of its own strength." "High-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in all respects."
This is a clear indication of the direction and path. "Achieving high-quality development is the theme of China's economic and social development during the '14th Five-Year Plan' period and even longer, and it is related to the overall situation of China's socialist modernization."
This is a profound grasp of the laws of development. At the annual Central Economic Work Conference, from the "five fundamentals" to the "four musts," from the "six adherences" to the "five musts," and then to the "five musts to coordinate," the understanding of regularity is constantly deepening, providing scientific methods for doing economic work well.
Grasping the historical initiative with theoretical initiative and inspiring the power of progress with the power of thought, China in the new era is concentrating on promoting high-quality development.
Accelerate the development of new quality productive forces and increase the "strength" of development momentum.
"Faced with a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, we must seize opportunities and increase innovation." With technological innovation driving industrial innovation, new quality productive forces are taking shape.
"Hand-torn steel" continues to iterate. 0.02 mm, 0.015 mm, 0.012 mm, records are constantly being broken, meeting the needs of aerospace, precision instruments, and other fields.
"Fuxing" is taking the lead. The CR450 EMU prototype runs at a speed of 450 kilometers per hour, leading the global high-speed rail trend.
Robots are "accelerating evolution." They "dance Yangko" on the Spring Festival Gala, "tighten screws" in the workshop, and "compete" on the field, and the artificial intelligence industry is "hot and spicy."
New energy is rising rapidly. Wind power and photovoltaic are accelerating promotion, and the production and sales of new energy vehicles have remained the world's first for 10 consecutive years. Coordinating the promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, China has become one of the countries with the fastest decline in global energy consumption intensity.
"Adhering to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of China's modernization," China's innovation field is surging with momentum. In 2024, the added value of high-tech manufacturing will increase by 42% compared with the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan," and the ranking of the global innovation index will rise to tenth.
Accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and leverage the "progress" of development space.
"Deeply cultivating the domestic market and opening up overseas markets have stabilized shipments." Since the beginning of this year, the external situation has been changing rapidly, but Qin Bin (秦斌), marketing director of Guangdong Guou Home Furnishing Company (广东古欧家居公司), is calm and composed.
The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 6.4% year-on-year, exports increased by 7.2%, and the scale of imports and exports reached the 20 trillion yuan mark... Looking closely at the development results in the first half of this year, we can better understand the strategic vision of "building a new development pattern."
In April 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed at the meeting of the Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs that "we should build a new development pattern in which the domestic cycle is the mainstay and the domestic and international dual cycles promote each other," clarifying the path choice for China's economic modernization and becoming a preemptive move to grasp the initiative of development.
"The most essential feature of building a new development pattern is to achieve a high level of self-reliance and self-improvement." Nuclear power, high-speed rail, and chips have continued to make breakthroughs, and artificial intelligence, manned spaceflight, and deep space exploration have repeatedly achieved great results, and high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement have yielded fruitful results. More than 1 billion mu of high-standard farmland have been built, and the world's largest power infrastructure system has been built, and the "two rice bowls" of grain and energy have been firmly held.
"The characteristics of a major country's economy are that domestic demand is the mainstay and internal circulation is possible." Domestic products are favored, new consumption is booming, "Village BA" (村BA), "Su Super" (苏超), ice and snow economy, and holiday economy are wonderful... Coordinating the implementation of the strategy of expanding domestic demand and deepening supply-side structural reform, the potential of domestic demand continues to be released, and the average contribution rate to economic growth in the past 4 years has reached 86.4%.
"The new development pattern is by no means a closed domestic cycle, but an open domestic and international dual cycle." "Steel camel teams" travel back and forth, the Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway (雅万高铁) is speeding forward, and the Port of Chancay (钱凯港) in Peru and the Port of Shanghai (上海港) are "connected by thousands of miles"... Jointly building the "Belt and Road" (一带一路) with high quality, the "circle of friends" is expanding, and China's scale of trade in goods has remained the world's first for 8 consecutive years.
Adhere to and strengthen the Party's overall leadership over economic work, and escort the "stability" of the development trend.
At critical moments and important nodes, we will promptly analyze the situation and make decisions and deployments!
In September 2024, facing the unfavorable situation of a decline in the growth rate of major indicators in the second and third quarters, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) presided over a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to deploy a package of incremental policies, which was called "a milestone-style move in macro-control."
Faced with the obvious rise of unilateralism and the resurgence of protectionism, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting on April 25 this year to "focus on stabilizing employment, stabilizing enterprises, stabilizing the market, and stabilizing expectations," which effectively promoted the economic recovery. In the first half of the year, the gross domestic product increased by 5.3% year-on-year, which made foreign media sigh that "the performance exceeded expectations." During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's total economic volume has continuously crossed the 110 trillion yuan, 120 trillion yuan, and 130 trillion yuan marks, and it is expected to reach about 140 trillion yuan this year.
Respond to changes and seek innovation, and move forward steadily and far. After the "14th Five-Year Plan," China's economic ship is riding the wind and waves forward, and continues to be the main contributor and stabilizer to world economic growth, building a more solid material and technological foundation for Chinese-style modernization.
Fundamental Motivation
"The fundamental way to turn the blueprint of Chinese-style modernization into reality is to further comprehensively deepen reform."
A "world supermarket" has become a vivid example of "combining top-level design and crossing the river by feeling the stones."
Auto parts from Germany are first transported by China-Europe freight train to the Yiwu (义乌) Bonded Logistics Center for bonded warehousing, and then transported to South Korea via Ningbo-Zhoushan Port (宁波舟山港), which is more than 40 days faster than sea transportation. The superposition of many reform measures, such as free trade pilot zones, comprehensive bonded zones, and cross-border e-commerce comprehensive pilot zones, has helped the Yiwu (义乌) Bonded Logistics Center become a new high ground for opening up.
During his work in Zhejiang (浙江), in response to the institutional and mechanism obstacles encountered in Yiwu's (义乌) development, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) once vividly compared it: children grow too fast, and clothes are too small, "we have to change the big clothes for children who grow fast."
Eating the "reform meal" and taking the "opening-up road," "adhering to the combination of an effective market and a capable government," Yiwu's "clothing change story" continues to be written: In December 2024, the State Council (国务院) approved the "Overall Plan for Deepening Comprehensive International Trade Reform in Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province (浙江省义乌市深化国际贸易综合改革总体方案)"; in July of this year, Hangzhou Customs (杭州海关) introduced 10 measures to support Yiwu City (义乌市) in deepening comprehensive international trade reform...
"Changing clothes" is a continuous exploration that keeps pace with the times. Advancing Chinese-style modernization is also an exploratory undertaking that "must be cherished, adhered to, expanded, and deepened."
In the new era and on the new journey, the international and domestic situations are complex and volatile, a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating, and the new expectations of the people are growing day by day. How will China explore and how will it answer?
"Turning the blueprint of Chinese-style modernization into reality fundamentally lies in further comprehensively deepening reform."
In July 2024, the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届三中全会) deliberated and approved the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Advancing Chinese-style Modernization (中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定)," deploying more than 300 major reform measures, outlining a grand blueprint for reform in the next five years, and launching a general mobilization and deployment to promote the comprehensive deepening of reform in breadth and depth.
In October 2024, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) delivered an important speech at the opening ceremony of the seminar for leading officials at the provincial and ministerial level to study and implement the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, emphasizing the major principles that must be firmly grasped and always adhered to in further comprehensively deepening reform, and profoundly clarifying the four pairs of relationships that need to be adhered to and handled well.
Adhering to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, adhering to the correct methodology, all regions and departments are striving to open up new horizons for reform and development, and promoting "Chinese governance" with the "Chinese system."
——Adhering to the unity of reform and the rule of law, safeguarding development with good laws and governance.
In April 2025, the draft of the Environmental Code will be submitted to the 15th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee (十四届全国人大常委会第十五次会议) for deliberation. This is the second law in China named "Code" after the Civil Code, which will provide a solid legal guarantee for the construction of a beautiful China.
"Reform and the rule of law are like the two wings of a bird and the two wheels of a car." Implementing the Law on Rural Collective Economic Organizations to promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside; implementing the "Regulations on Ecological Protection Compensation" to establish basic institutional rules for ecological protection compensation; standardizing law enforcement involving enterprises and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises in accordance with the law... Consolidating the foundation, stabilizing expectations, and benefiting the long term, the leading, regulating, and guaranteeing role of the rule of law in reform, development, and stability is better发挥.
——Adhering to the dialectical unity of breaking and establishing, achieving steady and sound progress in reform through the unity of breaking and establishing.
Iteratively releasing five versions of the negative list for market access; cleaning up more than 4,000 regulations and practices that hinder the unified national market and fair competition; comprehensively rectifying "involutionary" competition and standardizing local investment promotion; selecting 10 regions to pilot comprehensive reform of market-based allocation of factors of production... Breaking down "barriers" and establishing "road signs," the construction of a unified national market is accelerating.
Establishing new development concepts and breaking the "GDP-only theory," establishing innovation engines and breaking "low-level stagnation," establishing urban-rural integration and breaking the dual structure... "Breaking and establishing simultaneously, establishing before breaking," reform is progressing gradually and yielding increasingly abundant results.
——Adhering to the unity of reform and opening up, promoting reform and development through opening up.
"'First line' liberalization, 'second line' control, freedom within the island," on December 18 this year, the full island closure operation of the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自贸港) will be officially launched, and trade, investment, and cross-border capital flows will be more free and convenient.
"The deeper the reform, the higher the requirements for the level of opening up; the higher the level of opening up, the greater the promotion effect on reform." From stabilizing foreign investment to stabilizing foreign trade, from "zeroing" restrictions on foreign investment access in manufacturing to expanding pilot programs for opening up in telecommunications, healthcare, education, and other fields, the "magnetic force" of the Chinese market is stronger. From 2021 to May of this year, cumulative foreign direct investment in China reached 4.7 trillion yuan, exceeding the total amount during the "13th Five-Year Plan" period.
——Handling the relationship between deployment and implementation well, and promoting the implementation of reform measures in a detailed and thorough manner.
"We must deepen reform and expand opening up with greater courage and determination" and "dare to carry out original and differentiated reforms." After the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, the General Secretary repeatedly issued a "mobilization order" for reform, encouraging all localities to "strive to be the first in the construction of Chinese-style modernization."
Heilongjiang (黑龙江), with its long winters, uses its "cold" resources to develop the ice and snow economy; Guizhou (贵州), based on its climate, electricity, and other advantages, has opened up a "new track" for big data... Grasping implementation with the spirit of nailing nails, the reform "panoramic view" is gradually becoming a "real view."
Advancing in depth and building a foundation for good governance. Having gone through the "14th Five-Year Plan," China's national governance system and governance capacity modernization have reached a new level, providing a strong impetus and institutional guarantee for Chinese-style modernization.
The People's Livelihood is Paramount
"Let the fruits of Chinese-style modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly"
An old residential area demonstrates the development thought centered on the people.
In the past, roofs leaked, pipes were aging, and several families took turns using the kitchen and toilet. Now, moving into a new house, Zhao Qiming (赵启明), an old resident of Pengyi Community (彭一小区) in Shanghai (上海), is full of joy, "Independent kitchen and bathroom, spacious balcony, comfortable and pleasant."
On June 29 this year, with the first batch of residents of Pengyi Community (彭一小区) receiving keys and moving back, Pengpu New Village Street (彭浦新村街道), one of the earliest workers' new villages built in Shanghai (上海), successfully completed the 20-year-long old renovation. Renovating one building after another, renovating one area after another as it matures, the "old, dilapidated, and small" has been transformed into a modern community.
In 2019, when General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) inspected Shanghai (上海), he pointed out: "The city is the city of the people, and the people's city is for the people." In July of this year, the Central Urban Work Conference deployed "one optimization and six constructions," one of which is "focusing on building comfortable and convenient livable cities."
A city that "should not only have height but also have warmth" reflects the deep consideration that "Chinese-style modernization places the people's livelihood as paramount."
"Adhering to the development thought centered on the people, and letting the fruits of Chinese-style modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly," filled with people's feelings and adhering to the people first, the people's leader leads the new era of China in enhancing people's well-being in high-quality development.
Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism and the common expectation of the people.
From the "14th Five-Year Plan" proposal to "achieve more obvious substantive progress in the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all the people" to the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的二十大) proposing "focusing on promoting the common prosperity of all the people," we are anchoring the "long-term task" and "realistic task" and making more active and promising efforts.
Policies show strength one by one. Looking at the big picture, the "Opinions on Further Guaranteeing and Improving People's Livelihood and Focusing on Solving the Urgent, Difficult, and Worrying Problems of the Masses (关于进一步保障和改善民生 着力解决群众急难愁盼的意见)" was issued to promote more fair, balanced, universal, and accessible people's livelihood construction. Planning in detail, implementing the childcare subsidy system to reduce the burden of family rearing for thousands of families.
Achievements show warmth one by one. Looking at employment, since the "14th Five-Year Plan," the number of new urban jobs has remained stable at more than 12 million each year. Looking at housing, in the past 4 years, a total of about 7.8 million sets of various types of guaranteed housing have been started and raised, effectively solving the housing problems of more than 20 million people. Looking at public services, China has built the world's largest education system, social security system, and healthcare system, and the bottom line of people's livelihood is tightly secured. Looking at urban and rural areas, the achievements in poverty alleviation have been consolidated and expanded, a new chapter has been written in the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, and in 2024, the income ratio between urban and rural residents will be reduced to 2.34:1, and the urbanization rate of the permanent population will increase to 67%.
Modernization for the people is meaningful. Modernization relying on the people has power.
Starting from May 20 this year, the "15th Five-Year Plan" preparation work launched an online solicitation of opinions. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made important instructions, emphasizing the need to "extensively and deeply observe the people's conditions, listen to the people's voices, and gather the people's wisdom." Within a month, the event received a cumulative total of more than 3.113 million suggestions from netizens.
"Uniting top-level design with asking the people for advice." People's deputies closely contact the people, and grassroots democratic practices such as "small courtyard deliberation halls" and "courtyard discussion meetings" are widely carried out, making the people's mastery more real and the people's creative vitality bursting forth.
The original aspiration is as firm as a rock, and the mission is as bright as a torch. Having gone through the "14th Five-Year Plan," the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security has continued to increase, gathering a strong joint force to promote Chinese-style modernization.
*** ***
"With goals, plans, and strategies," Chinese-style modernization is a journey of continuous hard work.
As the "14th Five-Year Plan" is about to come to a close, the "15th Five-Year Plan" is being planned and laid out. Now, the "key period for laying the foundation and fully exerting efforts to basically realize socialist modernization" is getting closer and closer.
"Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a great undertaking unprecedented in history. Aspirations and challenges all inspire us to the spirit of fighting for every minute and never slackening."
Time waits for no one, urging people to forge ahead. Under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core, we must maintain strategic focus, enhance our confidence in victory, concentrate our efforts on doing our own things well, achieve a successful conclusion to the "14th Five-Year Plan," scientifically plan the economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and continue to strive towards the grand goal of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
(This reporter Jiang Runnan (江润楠) participated in writing)
Return to TopChina Railway Harbin Bureau Group Co., Ltd. (中国铁路哈尔滨局集团有限公司) released data showing that as of October 18, the "Eastern Corridor" of the China-Europe Railway Express had achieved 27.818 million tons of imported goods this year, with 2,669 imported China-Europe Railway Express trains carrying 274,920 TEUs. The "Eastern Corridor" of the China-Europe Railway Express consists of the three railway ports of Manzhouli (满洲里), Suifenhe (绥芬河), and Tongjiang (同江). The picture shows a freight train loaded with imported goods heading towards Suifenhe Station (绥芬河站) in Heilongjiang (黑龙江) on October 18.
Qu Yiwei (曲艺伟) / photo (Xinhua News Agency (新华社) issued)
Return to TopTaipei, October 18th (People's Daily reporter Jiang Lin (江琳)) The Kuomintang (中国国民党) held its party chairman election on the 18th. Candidate Cheng Li-wen (郑丽文) received 65,122 votes, with a vote rate of 50.15%, and was elected as the new party chairman.
The voting on that day started at 8:00 am and ended at 4:00 pm. According to the vote count results announced by the Kuomintang Central Committee that evening, approximately 330,000 party members were eligible to vote in this election, with a voter turnout of 39.46%. The vote counts for the other 5 candidates were as follows: Hau Lung-bin (郝龙斌) 46,551 votes, Lo Chih-chiang (罗智强) 13,504 votes, Chang Ya-chung (张亚中) 2,486 votes, Cho Po-yuan (卓伯源) 1,944 votes, and Tsai Chih-hung (蔡志弘) 260 votes.
Return to TopHangzhou, October 18th (People's Daily reporter Dou Hanyang (窦瀚洋) and Dou Hao (窦皓)) The 3rd Liangzhu Forum, co-sponsored by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), the National Cultural Heritage Administration (国家文物局), and the People's Government of Zhejiang Province (浙江省人民政府), opened in Hangzhou (杭州市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省) on October 18th.
This year's Liangzhu Forum, themed "Civilization Rediscovered: Cultural Heritage and the Diversity of Human Culture," invited over 300 Chinese and foreign guests, including heads of cultural heritage protection and management organizations, museum directors, archaeologists, and historians, from more than 60 countries and regions. Participating guests will conduct in-depth discussions around topics such as "Roots of Civilization: The Historical Wisdom and Contemporary Value of Ancient Civilizations," "Practical Innovation: Archaeological Sites, the Protection of Large Sites, and Coordinated Urban-Rural Development," "Passing on the Flame: Expanding Museum Functions and Activating the Utilization of Cultural Relics," and "The Future of Civilization: World Cultural Heritage and New Forms of Human Civilization," exchanging international cultural heritage protection experiences.
During the forum, activities such as the Liangzhu Cultural and Creative Market and a special concert by the "Liangzhu Light" China-U.S. Symphony Orchestra will also be held.
Return to TopBy: 李君强 蔡金曼 连 敏
From October 14th to 18th, the 2nd Ministerial Meeting of the "World Fusion Energy Group" and the 30th International Conference on Fusion Energy were held in Chengdu (成都市), Sichuan Province (四川省). At the meeting, the commercialization of fusion energy became a hot topic.
Director of the China Atomic Energy Authority (国家原子能机构) Dan Zhongde (单忠德) stated that fusion energy technology is accelerating from scientific research towards the goals of engineering practice and commercial application. In recent years, China has successively issued relevant policy documents, listing controlled nuclear fusion as a key direction for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, promoting cutting-edge green and low-carbon technology breakthroughs, and proactively deploying future energy technology innovation and industrial development such as fusion energy.
How can the "artificial sun" move from the laboratory to the industry? What does the global acceleration of fusion energy technology commercialization mean? What challenges remain? This issue of "Eye on the Frontier" reveals this hot topic.
——Editor
China's Fusion Research Devices Accelerate Transformation into "Industrial Hubs"
In recent years, China's fusion device matrix has continued to expand, forming a diverse support pattern covering different technical routes and connecting different stages of development, laying a solid hardware foundation for engineering and industrial breakthroughs.
This year alone, China's fusion research devices have frequently achieved breakthroughs, accelerating their transformation from "experimental tools" to "industrial hubs." This not only provides technical verification for engineering and commercial breakthroughs but also builds an open cooperation platform connecting the world.
The new generation of artificial sun, "China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (环流三号)" (HL-3), achieved a domestic first of 117 million degrees Celsius for atomic nucleus temperature and 160 million degrees Celsius for electron temperature. The comprehensive parameter fusion triple product achieved a significant leap, advancing into combustion experiments. On the basis of achieving "double 100 million degree" plasma operation, the research team recently independently designed and built an engineering liquid metal and helium working fluid thermal research test bench for fusion energy extraction research, and it has been fully put into operation, laying a key experimental foundation for the engineering application of future fusion reactors. In December 2023, "China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (环流三号)" was established as a "satellite device" of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), open to the world.
Since the beginning of this year, China's "artificial sun" - the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (全超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置) "EAST (东方超环)" - has made significant breakthroughs, "successfully achieving 100 million degrees Celsius 1066 seconds steady-state long-pulse high-confinement mode plasma operation, once again breaking the world record." Xu Guosheng (徐国盛), Deputy Director of the Institute of Plasma Physics (等离子体物理研究所) of the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (合肥物质科学研究院) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), said, "China's 'artificial sun' contains more than 200 independently innovative core technologies." While continuously optimizing 1000-second-level long-pulse technology, the Institute of Plasma Physics (等离子体物理研究所) of the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (合肥物质科学研究院) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) has jointly built joint laboratories with multiple institutions, incubating industrialization achievements such as plasma welding equipment and microwave sewage treatment devices.
The compact fusion energy experimental device "KuaFu-1 (夸父启明)" (BEST) completed the installation of the main unit Dewar base, marking the official entry of the project's main construction into a new stage. The independently designed divertor prototype component of the Comprehensive Research Facility for Key Systems of Fusion Reactor Host "KuaFu (夸父)" (CRAFT) recently successfully passed the expert group's testing and acceptance. This component is not only the largest and highest heat load component of its kind internationally, but also directly addresses important engineering challenges such as thermal management and plasma control in fusion reactor operation, providing key technology verification for the subsequent research and development of key systems for commercial reactors.
Private enterprises have also made progress in related fields.
In the field of advanced fusion configuration exploration, ENN Group's (新奥集团) "XuanLong-50U (玄龙—50U)" spherical ring device has achieved important breakthroughs. As the world's first device to achieve a million-ampere plasma current using hydrogen-boron fuel, it not only verified the stable operation of the toroidal field coil under 150 kA and the full-load magnet performance of generating a 1.2 Tesla magnetic field, but also achieved all key engineering design goals.
Energy Singularity's (能量奇点) start-up company's high-temperature superconducting magnet "JingTian Magnet (经天磁体)" successfully achieved a peak magnetic field strength of 21.7 Tesla. This magnet is specifically designed for the next generation of tokamak devices.
These devices focus on different directions such as power generation demonstration, engineering verification, advanced configuration, and core components, jointly weaving a three-dimensional network of "multi-point breakthroughs and coordinated advancement" for China's fusion research, providing all-round support for the transformation from scientific research to industry.
Commercialization of Fusion Energy Still Faces Multiple Challenges in Technology, Industrial Ecology, and More
From a global perspective, the commercialization of fusion energy has formed an accelerating trend. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency's "World Fusion Outlook 2025" report, nearly 40 countries around the world are promoting fusion plans, with over 160 fusion devices in operation, under construction, or planned, and total private investment has exceeded $10 billion.
The Italian government has promulgated a decree aimed at reintroducing nuclear energy and establishing a comprehensive sustainable energy production (including fusion) framework, with the goal of achieving the first plasma in 2030; the U.S. Department of Energy has announced six new "Fusion Innovation Research Engine" cooperation projects, providing $107 million in funding to accelerate applied research in areas such as fuel cycle, materials, and advanced simulation; Germany has launched the "Fusion 2040" plan, planning to invest 370 million euros by 2028 to strengthen research and development...
Zhong Wulu (钟武律), Director of the Fusion Science Institute (聚变科学所) of the Nuclear Power Institute of Southwestern China (核工业西南物理研究院) of China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团), introduced that the commercial application of fusion energy needs to go through six stages: principle exploration, scale experiment, combustion experiment, experimental reactor, demonstration reactor, and commercial reactor. Among them, principle exploration was completed in the 1950s and 1960s, scale experiments obtain data rules through multiple devices, combustion experiments refer to carrying out combustion plasma experiments, experimental reactors solve engineering technology problems, demonstration reactors verify the feasibility of commercial reactors, and commercial reactors achieve large-scale power generation. Currently, China is in the "combustion experiment" stage and already has the plasma parameter conditions to carry out related experiments. By the end of 2027, "China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (环流三号)" plans to increase the plasma triple product by 2-3 times and the temperature to exceed 150 million degrees Celsius to carry out high-performance plasma experiments.
Zhang Libo (张立波), General Manager of China Fusion Energy Co., Ltd. (中国聚变能源有限公司) and President of the Nuclear Power Institute of Southwestern China (核工业西南物理研究院), said, "In 2027, we look forward to starting fusion energy combustion experiments. Around 2030, we will have the research and design capabilities for China's first engineering experimental reactor. Around 2035, we will build China's first engineering experimental reactor. By around 2045, we will be able to build China's first commercial demonstration reactor."
Despite significant progress, the commercialization of fusion energy still faces multiple challenges. At the technical level, it is necessary to break through problems such as steady-state plasma combustion, materials resistant to strong field and high-temperature loads, superconducting magnets, and tritium fuel self-sustainability; in terms of industrial ecology, it is also necessary to solve problems such as the maturity of the production and supply chain, economic affordability, investment sustainability, and regulatory adaptability.
Building an "Ecosystem" to Support the Engineering and Industrialization Development of Fusion Energy
In order to promote the dream of the "artificial sun" to accelerate into reality, China is building an "ecosystem" to support the engineering and industrialization development of fusion energy from multiple levels such as policy guidance, international cooperation, and mechanism innovation.
In 2021, the "Opinions on Fully and Accurately Implementing the New Development Concept and Doing a Good Job in Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality" for the first time listed controlled nuclear fusion as a key area for "low-carbon cutting-edge technology breakthroughs." In 2022, the "14th Five-Year Plan for Modern Energy System" proposed to support the early research and development of controlled nuclear fusion and actively carry out international cooperation. In 2024, the "Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Innovation and Development of Future Industries" proposed to strengthen the tackling of key core technologies in future energy represented by nuclear fusion. In September 2025, the Atomic Energy Law was reviewed and approved by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, clearly stipulating that "the state encourages and supports scientific research and technological development of controlled thermonuclear fusion."
Many places have introduced relevant supporting policies. Hefei (合肥), Anhui (安徽), relies on "EAST (东方超环)" to build a fusion energy industry cluster, attracting upstream and downstream enterprises to settle in and forming an industrial scale of hundreds of billions of yuan; Sichuan Fusion Innovation City (四川聚变科创城) is committed to building a "global 'technology research and development highland, industrial development cluster, and foreign exchange center' for controlled nuclear fusion."
International cooperation broadens the global vision of engineering. Huang Ping (黄平), Secretary-General of the China Atomic Energy Authority (国家原子能机构), introduced that as a key partner of the ITER project, China has completed the design and manufacturing tasks of 18 key components and systems with high quality. In 2025, the vacuum chamber module component of the ITER core installation section led by China was successfully hoisted into place, and large equipment such as the magnet support system and blanket shielding module were delivered on schedule, contributing Chinese experience to the engineering of global fusion reactors. At the same time, China has established cooperation with more than 140 nuclear fusion research institutions in more than 50 countries, and released the first ISO international standard in the field of fusion energy - "Fusion Reactor Thermal Helium Leak Detection Technology," promoting the "global sharing" of technical standards.
Mechanism innovation activates the market vitality of industrialization. In July 2025, China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) led the establishment of China Fusion Energy Co., Ltd. (中国聚变能源有限公司) on the basis of the Nuclear Power Institute of Southwestern China (核工业西南物理研究院), focusing on the layout of large-scale scientific experiments, fusion reactor material research and development, and other fields. The membership of the technical research and development consortium - the Controlled Nuclear Fusion Innovation Consortium - has expanded to 38, covering central enterprises, private enterprises, universities, and research institutes. "Through the deep integration of 'industry, academia, research, and application,' we allow the technical advantages of scientific research institutions and the market advantages of enterprises to complement each other," said Liu Ye (刘叶), head of China Fusion Energy Co., Ltd. (中国聚变能源有限公司). Currently, the consortium has launched key projects such as the "industrialization of superconducting magnets for fusion reactors," attracting social capital to participate.
Looking to the future, the "artificial sun" will light up thousands of homes, providing mankind with abundant and clean ideal energy, which may move from science fiction to reality. Director of the China Atomic Energy Authority (国家原子能机构) Dan Zhongde (单忠德) said that China will work with all countries to continuously promote the sustainable development of global energy innovation, promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, and contribute Chinese wisdom, Chinese solutions, and Chinese strength to building a clean, beautiful, and sustainable world, so that fusion energy can better benefit mankind.
(Li Yi (李仪) participated in writing)
Data source: China Atomic Energy Authority (国家原子能机构)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 徐 靖
In the compact fusion energy experimental device park located in Hefei City, Anhui Province (安徽省合肥市), the outlines of buildings have already begun to appear.
Different from past nuclear fusion experimental devices, the compact fusion energy experimental device "KuaFu-I" (夸父启明) (BEST) will actually demonstrate the "burning" of deuterium and tritium plasma, and is expected to demonstrate fusion energy power generation.
Recently, the key component of the compact fusion energy experimental device host – the Dewar base – was successfully developed and delivered smoothly, precisely installed in the main hall.
Zheng Lei (郑磊), the person in charge of process and on-site coordination for the compact fusion energy experimental device, took the reporter to a "deep well" in the hall and said, "That is the Dewar base." Following the voice, at the bottom of the "deep well," a large base was installed. "The compact fusion energy experimental device is about 20 meters high and about 18 meters in diameter, and its shape is a cylinder. Based on biosafety needs and physical protection needs, it is placed in this 'deep well' and finally sealed," said Zheng Lei (郑磊).
"The Dewar base is the first large vacuum component of the compact fusion energy experimental device host, with complex design conditions and hundreds of interfaces; it has a large structural size, about 18 meters in diameter and about 5 meters high, weighing more than 400 tons, and is the heaviest component in the compact fusion energy experimental device host system," said Zheng Lei (郑磊). Although it is a "big guy," its lifting accuracy is extremely high, the surface level difference needs to be controlled within 15 millimeters, and the position deviation should not exceed plus or minus 2 millimeters; the working space is extremely narrow, and the minimum gap between the outer edge of the base and the shielding wall of the main pit is less than 100 millimeters.
Huang Xiong (黄雄), an associate researcher at the Institute of Plasma Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所), introduced: "The completion of the installation of the Dewar base marks the beginning of the installation of large components. Subsequently, important components such as magnets and vacuum chambers will be installed on the Dewar base. Finally, we will seal the Dewar base to form a vacuum environment to ensure the operation of the tokamak device."
"The reason for building a compact fusion energy experimental device is that, on the one hand, after years of research on the 'EAST' ('东方超环'), we have gradually figured out the relevant principles; on the other hand, in the research and development process of the comprehensive research facility for key systems of the fusion reactor host 'KuaFu' ('夸父'), we have gradually broken through a series of technical and engineering bottlenecks," said Zheng Lei (郑磊). "To truly build a fusion reactor in the future, further exploration is needed. To this end, we need to further build our own fusion energy experimental device."
The compact fusion energy experimental device can provide an integrated environment close to the parameters of future fusion reactors, provide a basis for burning plasma physics, key engineering technologies, and nuclear science and technology for the construction of fusion demonstration power stations, explore the steady-state operation of large-scale fusion burning plasma, and develop a series of key technologies for fusion energy development and application such as superconducting strong magnetic field technology, high-power heating, and tritium plants.
Return to TopBy: 喻思南 王 静
How does a single somatic cell develop into a complete plant? This is an unresolved global challenge in the field of plant life sciences. In 2005, *Science* magazine listed it as one of the 125 most challenging key scientific questions in its 125th-anniversary issue.
Recently, a joint team led by Shandong Agricultural University (山东农业大学) has for the first time fully revealed how a single plant somatic cell "changes its fate" through gene reprogramming and eventually develops into a complete plant. The findings were published online in the journal *Cell*.
Compared to animal cells, plant cells have greater developmental plasticity. Under certain conditions, they can develop into embryos without fertilization, a phenomenon known as "somatic embryogenesis." Zhang Xiansheng (张宪省), professor at Shandong Agricultural University (山东农业大学) and corresponding author of the paper, explained that plant cells have a unique "regeneration" ability. For example, any somatic cell, such as a leaf cell, can return to its original stem cell state after undergoing reprogramming and further enter the "somatic embryogenesis" stage, eventually regenerating into a complete plant.
In 1902, scientists proposed the concept of "plant cell totipotency" to explain the above-mentioned ability of plant cells. That is, plant cells can dedifferentiate to form totipotent stem cells similar to fertilized eggs, and then develop into complete plants. This phenomenon is widespread in the plant kingdom, including crops and woody plants. For example, succulent leaves can sprout new plants. However, the molecular mechanism behind it has remained unsolved.
To unravel the mystery, Zhang Xiansheng's (张宪省) research team began exploring *Arabidopsis thaliana* as a research subject in 2005.
"A leaf can 'transform' into a new plant. We want to know how this 'fate reversal' happens," said Su Yinghua (苏英华), one of the corresponding authors of the paper.
Over the past 20 years, the team has successively constructed an experimental technical system for the direct development of single somatic cells into embryos, as well as a stable system for "somatic embryogenesis" originating from single cells, and for the first time discovered that the accumulation of a large amount of auxin is the "switch" to activate cell totipotency. With the help of advanced scientific research instruments and cutting-edge biotechnology, the team captured the entire process of single plant cell division for the first time.
Further research revealed that the team found the "key" to trigger cell totipotency: the gene SPCH, unique to leaf stomatal precursor cells, and the artificially induced highly expressed gene LEC2, which work together to form a "molecular switch." "It's like turning a lock requires two keys, and neither is dispensable," Zhang Xiansheng (张宪省) said.
How do the two key genes "light up" totipotency? Tang Liping (唐丽苹), the first author of the paper and associate professor at Shandong Agricultural University (山东农业大学), introduced that somatic embryos originate from single totipotent stem cells. The "precursor cells," originally destined to develop into stomata, activate the auxin synthesis pathway under the synergistic effect of the totipotency regulator LEC2 and the stomatal development key factor SPCH, resulting in a specific and large accumulation of auxin, causing the precursor cells to deviate from the "stomatal development path" and instead become totipotent stem cells capable of nurturing new life.
Based on the above findings, the team completely recorded the complete path of cell fate remodeling and revealed the key fate bifurcation points.
In the critical transition state from "ordinary cells" to "totipotent stem cells," cells undergo deep chromatin remodeling, a large number of silenced genes are gradually activated, and the cell fate trajectory bifurcates, opening the door for the establishment of totipotency.
The analysis of this theory not only helps to understand the fundamental laws of plant cell development, but also provides new ideas and technical tools for precisely regulating plant regeneration and directionally improving crop traits.
Currently, experiments on crops such as wheat, corn, and soybeans are being advanced simultaneously. "In the future, rapid cloning of excellent crop varieties may be achieved through precise regulation of cell totipotency, greatly shortening the breeding cycle and serving precision design breeding," Zhang Xiansheng (张宪省) said. "This will also inject new impetus into the efficient protection of rare plant germplasm resources and plant synthetic biology."
Return to Top(Reported by Fu Rong (付蓉)) Recently, Professor Ding Yang's (丁阳) team at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (北京邮电大学) published research results in the prestigious academic journal *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences*, discovering for the first time the phenomenon of "thrust reversal" of propellers in specific scale fluid environments, and systematically explained it.
The study found that at the millimeter to sub-millimeter scale, a clockwise rotating propeller not only does not propel a miniature submarine forward, but instead causes it to move backward. "It's like the propeller is sucking itself backward, instead of pushing it forward," Ding Yang (丁阳) explained, that objects exhibit drastically different kinematic properties in different Reynolds number environments. At ordinary scales, propellers generate forward thrust by pushing water backward; however, at the millimeter to sub-millimeter scale, when the propeller rotates, the water flow that should have been ejected backward is deflected to the surrounding area, like a small centrifugal water pump, throwing the surrounding liquid outward, creating suction in the center of the propeller. This suction pulls the submarine in the opposite direction.
This discovery not only challenges people's traditional understanding of propeller propulsion, but also has important implications for applications such as micro-medical robots and pipeline inspection equipment. "Some micro-devices are usually only a few millimeters in size, and traditional propeller propulsion devices may fail. It is necessary to study how to adjust parameters to suppress or utilize this centrifugal suction," said Ding Yang (丁阳).
Return to TopLayout Design: Wang Zhepeng (汪哲平)
Return to TopFrom October 13th to 15th, the finals of the China International College Students' Innovation Competition (2025) were held in Zhengzhou (郑州), Henan (河南). The vast number of young students dared to be pioneers, using the knowledge they learned in classrooms and laboratories to solve practical problems, and increasing their skills and talents in innovative practice.
College graduates and other young people are the fresh troops of innovation and entrepreneurship. Supporting their entrepreneurship is conducive to better leveraging the multiplier effect of entrepreneurship driving employment and stimulating the innovation and creativity of the whole society. This issue of the Education Edition focuses on college student entrepreneurship, witnessing the stories of "golden ideas" bearing "golden fruits," and looking forward to the vast number of young people better displaying their talents in the broad world of Chinese-style modernization.
——Editor
How to choose an entrepreneurial project?
Take market pain points as the starting point for entrepreneurship
Our reporter Liu Xiaoyu (刘晓宇)
"High temperature resistance, large size, and lots of meat, our abalone seedlings can safely spend the summer in the Fujian (福建) sea area!" Recently, at the China International College Students' Innovation Competition (2025) site, Lin Xinzhe (林昕哲) (see Figure ① left, provided by the interviewee), a student from the School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering of Minjiang University (闽江学院), led the project and achieved good results.
"Intolerance to high temperatures has always been an important factor restricting the development of abalone in the south." Lin Xinzhe (林昕哲) lives in Beijiang Village (北江村), Xiami Town (霞美镇), Zhangpu County (漳浦县), Zhangzhou City (漳州市), and has witnessed the hard work of "southern abalone raised in the north" since he was a child.
"The survival temperature of abalone is 18 to 24 degrees Celsius. In early summer, all the abalone in the village must be transported to the northern sea area to spend the summer. The transportation process has high losses and high costs, but if it is not transported, diseases caused by high temperatures will also lead to a higher mortality rate." Lin Xinzhe (林昕哲) began to think about how to turn market pain points into entrepreneurial starting points.
With the help of project mentors, in 2021, Lin Xinzhe (林昕哲) began to carry out research on breeding technology. After selection, hybridization, and observation, the team screened out three batches of high-temperature-resistant abalone seedlings. Based on these three batches of seedlings, the team conducted multiple pilot tests and finally cultivated the "Fu Bao" (福鲍) variety with mass production conditions.
At Minjiang University (闽江学院), Lin Xinzhe (林昕哲) received rich entrepreneurial guidance services. Focusing on the urgent technical needs of the 16 key industrial chains in Fuzhou (福州), Minjiang University (闽江学院) implemented the "Service Fuzhou Action Plan" (服务福州行动计划) to strengthen cooperation with leading enterprises and scientific research institutes.
Under the recommendation of the school, Lin Xinzhe's (林昕哲) team signed cooperation agreements with many aquatic product companies in Fuzhou (福州). The new variety "Fu Bao" (福鲍) has been successfully promoted to many villages and towns, greatly reducing transportation losses.
In addition, relying on the automatic oxygen supply device control system developed by the school, the team optimized the oxygen supply technology for abalone seedlings, and the survival rate of abalone seedlings increased from 35% to 70%.
In new cooperation, Lin Xinzhe's (林昕哲) team continues to explore: through deep processing, further develop abalone canned food, abalone peptides and other products to improve the added value and market competitiveness of abalone. The technological achievements have been applied to dozens of abalone processing industry-related enterprises and have obtained a number of invention patents.
At present, the successful cultivation and promotion of high-temperature-resistant abalone seedlings has formed a complete model of research, production, supply and sales. These days, Lin Rongzong (林荣宗), a farmer in Zhangpu Beijiang Fishing Port (漳浦北江渔港), is beaming: after nearly a year of breeding, the new variety "Fu Bao No. 1" (福鲍一号) is about to be harvested. "The village is raising a large number of 'Fu Bao No. 1' (福鲍一号) varieties this year, which are very popular in the market."
How to improve innovation ability?
A competition is a "real battle"
Our reporter Wu Dan (吴丹)
"Please note that a crack is suspected ahead." In the deep, dark pipeline, a mechanical device with a searchlight on its head and shaped like a spider is skillfully moving its eight "legs" to shuttle forward - this inspection robot, known as the "pipeline doctor," has been successfully applied to the inspection site of the Yalong River Hydropower Station (雅砻江水电站) in Sichuan (四川) and other projects.
"Compared with the traditional inspection method, the robot we developed can save about 90% of the downtime and greatly reduce the huge losses caused by downtime," said Chen Junxi (陈俊熙) (see Figure ②, provided by the interviewee), the head of the research and development team and a doctoral student at the School of Traffic and Transportation of Beijing Jiaotong University (北京交通大学).
Where did the initial inspiration for innovation and entrepreneurship come from? For college students, practice is often the most direct answer.
In daily scientific research, Chen Junxi (陈俊熙) received a task because he showed a strong interest in the combination of robot technology and industry: to take the lead in sorting out the laboratory's technological achievements and try to promote its transformation into products. "The laboratory I am in has been deeply involved in robot research for a long time, and I slowly discovered some projects with incubation potential, and the inspection robot is one of them," Chen Junxi (陈俊熙) said.
It is not easy to go from the laboratory to the production line. Under the guidance of the teacher, Chen Junxi (陈俊熙) and the laboratory team members signed up to participate in college student innovation and entrepreneurship-related competitions, and improved their innovation and practical abilities by constantly polishing the details of the project.
Each competition is a "real battle." Chen Junxi (陈俊熙) and his team members not only learned the skills of roadshows, but also experienced the transformation from "technical thinking" to "user thinking" and "product thinking" - no longer simply listing the technical parameters of the robot, but focusing on what real problems it can solve for the industry.
One competition after another also drives product iteration and updates. "The first two generations of design schemes adopted an eight-wheel design with a fixed base, and the effect was not ideal. Starting from the third generation of six-wheel experiments, the team tried a more flexible flexible wheel self-adaptive support design idea. After continuous adjustment and optimization, the fourth generation of flexible eight-wheel design scheme was finally polished," Chen Junxi (陈俊熙) said.
At the same time, Chen Junxi (陈俊熙) successively participated in a number of robot projects such as the Jinan Yellow River Bridge Expressway Inspection Project (济南黄河大桥高速公路巡检项目) in Shandong (山东), the Sichuan Yalong River Hydropower Station IPB Pipeline Inspection Project (四川雅砻江水电站IPB管道巡检项目), and the National Energy Group Power Station Absorption Tower Inspection Project (国家能源集团电站吸收塔巡检项目). Seeing the status quo and pain points of the industry, he is more determined to "transform technology into practical value" entrepreneurial determination - to form a company and settle in the Beijing Jiaotong University Student Entrepreneurship Park (北京交通大学大学生创业园).
Zhang Bo (张博), director of the Employment and Entrepreneurship Guidance Center of Beijing Jiaotong University (北京交通大学就业与创业指导中心), introduced that the Entrepreneurship Park provides students with free incubation space and services such as policy consultation and investment resource docking. According to statistics, the Entrepreneurship Park has incubated a total of 134 student enterprises, covering scientific research and technical services, artificial intelligence, electronic information, rail transit and other industry fields.
Now, Chen Junxi (陈俊熙) has a new identity - a peer entrepreneurship consultant at the school. He said: "I hope to share my entrepreneurial experience and drive more students to let the 'golden ideas' of scientific research exploration take root."
How to build a service platform?
Let people who "know how to study" "know how to create"
Our reporter Huang Chao (黄超)
Recently, Zhejiang University (浙江大学) held a number of teacher-student research and exchange activities off-campus with the theme of innovation and entrepreneurship. Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), the Yangtze River Delta (长三角), the Greater Bay Area (大湾区)... The research team walked into the science and technology innovation enterprises founded by Zhejiang University (浙江大学) graduates and moved the venue into the R&D and production front line.
In several activities, teachers, students and participants discussed the same topic: Among the "Hangzhou Six Little Dragons" (杭州六小龙), the founders of three companies graduated from Zhejiang University (浙江大学). What kind of training method allows Zhejiang University (浙江大学) to produce a group of innovative and entrepreneurial talents? What is the experience behind people who "know how to study" becoming people who "know how to create"?
Professional learning is the foundation of innovation and entrepreneurship. Turning out the talent training program of the Information and Communication Engineering major of Zhejiang University (浙江大学) more than ten years ago, courses such as "Machine Learning" have been included in the professional degree courses. When the Department of Computer Science was established in 1978, "researching artificial intelligence theory and designing new computers" was listed as one of the construction plans.
In addition, it is also necessary to build a mature ecosystem from the laboratory to industrialization. Zhejiang University (浙江大学) relies on various innovation platforms to find people, find money, and find venues to accompany young students through the start-up period.
Wang Sujie (王肃杰) (see Figure ③ left two, provided by the interviewee), a doctoral student at the College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, co-founded a company with his mentor team. The multi-lead sleep monitor developed can combine AI algorithms to analyze sleep parameters and generate a diagnostic report containing more than 600 indicators. In 2024, the company settled in the Qizhen Brain-Machine Intelligent Industrialization Base (启真脑机智能产业化基地) of Zhejiang University Science Park (浙大科技园).
"The base introduces a professional team to provide science and technology innovation services, update strategic plans, promote market expansion, and also help us obtain 15 million yuan of policy funds support through the Yuhang District Leading Talent Project (余杭区领军人才项目)," Wang Sujie (王肃杰) said. The company relies on leading enterprises, growing enterprises, start-up enterprises and scientific research institutions in the science and technology park to form a rainforest-style ecosystem and is on the fast track of technological achievements transformation.
The booming entrepreneurship of Zhejiang University (浙江大学) graduates has also attracted many people to ask: Why are these companies located on the shore of West Lake (西子湖畔)? School-local cooperation, the entrepreneurial atmosphere nurtured by this hot land, complements the school's innovation and entrepreneurship education.
According to reports, Zhejiang University (浙江大学) is extending from Hangzhou (杭州) to the entire province of Zhejiang (浙江) with Hangzhou (杭州) as the center, building a circle, a network, and a highland, namely the "Around Zhejiang University" innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem, an innovation source network radiating the entire province, and a talent highland with international influence.
Specifically, participate in the construction of the Hangzhou City West Science and Technology Innovation Corridor (杭州城西科创大走廊) to create the Hangzhou International Science and Innovation Center (杭州国际科创中心), the High-end Equipment Research Institute (高端装备研究院), and the Intelligent Innovative Drug Research Institute (智能创新药物研究院) and other carriers; participate in the construction of the Yangtze River Delta integration (长三角一体化) and establish strategic cooperative relations with cities and regions in the province, and deploy 33 science and technology innovation platforms and new R&D institutions; cooperate with leading enterprises in the industry to form an industrial innovation community and lead the chain strengthening and chain supplementation of the industrial chain... A series of collaborative projects have been implemented, which not only help students innovate and start businesses, but also achieve high-quality social services and support the development of characteristic industries.
Innovation and entrepreneurship education is not about letting students start businesses in a rush, but more importantly, cultivating innovation spirit and entrepreneurial ability. "In the next step, the school will rely on leading experts and entrepreneur resources to promote the integration of industry and education with advantageous discipline resources and high-level teachers, aim at national and social needs, stimulate students' interest in learning and innovation momentum, and continuously strengthen the independent cultivation of innovation and entrepreneurship talents," said Ren Shaobo (任少波), Secretary of the Party Committee of Zhejiang University (浙江大学党委书记).
Return to TopBy: 吴 月
Winning gold and silver medals on the sports field, dedicating themselves to research in the laboratory, learning entrepreneurial knowledge in the science and technology park... Inside and outside the campus, what a vivid picture of "daring" and "creating"!
Why create? It stems from the youth's commitment to daring to break new ground. Enriching the marine granary, assisting in hydropower industry inspection, safeguarding life and health with artificial intelligence... Their original aspirations resonate with the pulse of the times. Daring to be the first and daring to break through are the inexhaustible driving forces for youth to sail far.
How to innovate? Increasing skills and growing talents in practice is the only way. As the students said, it is by no means easy for good ideas to go from the laboratory to the production line. Learning cutting-edge knowledge, carrying out engineering experiments, and constantly adjusting and optimizing plans, in this "practice class," everyone uses the knowledge learned in the classroom and laboratory to solve practical problems, and understands the meaning of practical learning and practical work.
How to create well? It is inseparable from the escort of all parties. Zhejiang University (浙江大学) uses the science and technology park as a platform to help entrepreneurial students find people, find money, and find venues; Beijing Jiaotong University (北京交通大学) provides students with policy consultation, investment resource docking and other services... The whole society strives to create a good atmosphere for innovation and entrepreneurship, so that the vast number of young people can better display their talents in the vast world.
"I dare to venture, I will create," from the classroom to the laboratory, from the sports field to the factory, young students are contributing their youthful strength to promote scientific and technological progress. Daring to think and act, and being good at making things happen, perhaps the next entrepreneurial star is among them! 敢想敢为、善作善成 (gǎn xiǎng gǎn wéi, shàn zuò shàn chéng - "dare to think and dare to act, be good at doing and be good at achieving," to be bold in thought and action, and to be good at achieving success).
Return to TopBy: 丁雅诵
"In the past two years, majors like artificial intelligence and big data have been very popular. Should I let my child choose them?" "Will some unpopular majors be adjusted or canceled, affecting future employment?" In reality, many students and parents often fall into such confusion when facing major choices.
A set of data shows the magnitude of adjustments to academic majors in recent years: Since 2023, China has supported universities in adding 1,064 doctoral programs and 2,258 master's programs, as well as 3,715 new undergraduate major programs and 12,000 higher vocational major programs. Behind these adjustments is a structural change taking place in universities.
The setting of university majors is connected to the pulse of economic and social development on one end and concerns the future of numerous students on the other. Each "new addition" and "removal" is a profound response of the education system to the changes of the times.
On the one hand, this is the inevitability of knowledge evolution. In today's world, the tide of technology is surging, knowledge iteration is accelerating, and fields such as artificial intelligence, life sciences, and new energy are constantly making breakthroughs, giving rise to completely new industrial forms. When the disciplinary frontiers and industrial technologies on which a major relies undergo fundamental changes, its curriculum system, teaching content, and training model must also be updated accordingly.
On the other hand, this is a proactive effort to serve national development strategies. As the main source of talent supply, higher education must keenly capture changes, proactively plan disciplines and majors, strengthen the construction of basic disciplines, emerging disciplines, and interdisciplinary disciplines, and consolidate the foundation for independent cultivation of top-notch innovative talents.
Understanding this background makes it easier to grasp the internal logic of discipline and major adjustments: The increase or decrease of disciplines and majors is by no means a simple matter of following trends or eliminating them, but rather a process of continuous optimization and allocation of educational resources in the grand coordinate system of national development, and also a self-evolution of higher education to maintain healthy vitality.
How can disciplines and majors be optimized specifically, and how can they be more scientific and reasonable? Three pairs of relationships need to be dialectically grasped.
Objectively view "cold" and "hot." The establishment and withdrawal of disciplines and majors cannot be simply judged by whether they are popular or unpopular, nor can they be based solely on short-term employment rates. Some basic disciplines, although not popular, are the foundation of scientific research and innovation; some applied disciplines, if divorced from reality, will be difficult to sustain even if they are popular for a while.
Recognize "responsibility" and "advantage." There are more than 3,000 universities in China, with different types and different orientations. Some focus on basic research and cutting-edge interdisciplinary studies, serving the urgent needs of national strategies; others are closely connected to regional industries, supporting the transformation and upgrading of local economies... Understanding where your responsibility lies and where your advantages lie can avoid "thousands of schools being the same" and achieve characteristic development.
Examine "name" and "connotation." The name of a new major can be quickly established, but its connotation—excellent faculty, complete curriculum system, rich practical platforms, and other elements—requires long-term accumulation. Before adding a new major, universities should carefully examine whether they have the corresponding educational capacity, otherwise they will fall into the formalism of "**新瓶装旧酒**" (xīn píng zhuāng jiù jiǔ - "new bottle old wine," old wine in new bottles; a superficial change).
Not long ago, the Central Education Work Leading Group (中央教育工作领导小组) issued the "Action Plan for Adjusting and Optimizing the Setting of Higher Education Disciplines and Majors (2025-2027)" (《高等教育学科专业设置调整优化行动方案（2025—2027年）》), clarifying the establishment and improvement of a discipline and major setting adjustment mechanism and talent training model driven by scientific and technological development and national strategic needs. This means that future discipline and major adjustments may become more normalized and refined.
For students and parents, there is actually no need to worry too much. Because choosing a major is not just learning a skill, but also choosing an angle to understand the world and improve oneself. A healthy discipline and major system can provide suitable growth paths for students with different endowments, allowing every dream to find the soil to take root and sprout—and this is the most profound meaning and value of discipline and major adjustments.
Return to TopBy: 任炜东
How to explore education that adapts to the development of the times? How to enable every student to find their own path to growth? In our educational practice, we have found that building a healthy educational ecology is essential.
To build a healthy educational ecology, we must first respect and awaken students' innate creativity. We must bend down, see, understand, and cherish each child's innate curiosity, regarding it as the most precious seed of growth. We must also sincerely accept the "different" voices of children, providing fertile ground for growth—creating open and diverse situations, providing rich and optional resources, and building a safe platform for trial and error, so that creative vitality can be ignited and sustained in practical exploration.
We encourage each student to develop their own strengths and talents, because every unique passion can become a spark that illuminates the future. In recent years, many students with special talents have emerged in the school, whether they are teenagers exploring Goldbach's conjecture in the kingdom of mathematics, athletes sweating on the sports field, or practitioners who exercise leadership and critical thinking in student clubs, the school strives to provide professional guidance, build a broad platform, and provide strong support. Because we believe that when students' strengths and talents are fully developed, individual efforts will eventually converge into a force that serves society and contributes to the country.
The key to forming a healthy educational ecology lies in enabling students to achieve real growth through real learning, real life, and real creation. Participating in community research and understanding society through communication with residents; engaging in scientific and technological innovation activities and achieving breakthroughs after countless experiments... When the classroom becomes a bridge connecting knowledge and the real world, and learning becomes an exploration to solve real problems, what students gain is not only the growth of knowledge, but also the expansion of the breadth of life.
Of course, cultivating an educational ecology is not an easy task, and requires the wholehearted investment of families, schools, and society. Striving alongside children, pointing the way when they are confused, and lending a helping hand when they fall; creating happiness and enjoying happiness together with children, witnessing the joy of growth brought about by every small progress... When all parties work together, education will become a journey that goes steadily and far. 行稳致远 (xíng wěn zhì yuǎn - "walk steadily reach far," to go far, one must proceed with a steady and firm pace).
(The author is the principal of Beijing No. 80 High School (北京市第八十中学), compiled by Ding Yasong (丁雅诵), reporter of this newspaper)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 闫伊乔
This summer, along with the admission notice from Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (北京邮电大学), freshman Xia Yingwei (夏樱玮) also received a class notification: online learning of the "AI in Daqian" series of courses.
The course takes rich application scenarios as the entry point, which aroused strong interest in Xia Yingwei (夏樱玮), who was new to artificial intelligence professional knowledge: "I learned about the current situation and challenges of artificial intelligence development, and I also have a better understanding of artificial intelligence-related majors."
Taking "AI in Daqian" as the first lesson of the school year is a microcosm of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications' (北京邮电大学) promotion of artificial intelligence general education. As early as 2020, the school opened a compulsory course on Introduction to Artificial Intelligence in the School of Artificial Intelligence. After 5 years of iteration and updates, the Introduction to Artificial Intelligence course has developed into an artificial intelligence general course for Beijing (北京市) municipal universities, and has launched three versions tailored to different subject characteristics: science and engineering version, management and literature version, and art and sports version.
In addition to curriculum construction, a group of teachers and students at BUPT (北邮) are also committed to reshaping education and teaching through technology. Since 2022, under the guidance of Xu Tong (徐童), a tenured associate professor at BUPT (北邮), smart education platforms such as "Code Up" ("码上") and "First Launch" ("初发") have been developed successively.
"Compared to the traditional 'explanation-practice-explanation' model, 'Code Up' ('码上') and 'First Launch' ('初发') do not directly provide the final answer, but rather gradually inspire students to solve problems independently through multiple rounds of prompts such as problem analysis and key points," said Xu Tong (徐童). Over the past 3 years, the platform has been implemented in more than 500 universities at home and abroad, with a cumulative total of 220 courses, serving more than 50,000 teachers and students, and over 1 million AI Q&A sessions.
On this basis, the school has further built an application matrix for digital education. "Intelligent technology provides a powerful impetus for reshaping the form of education and promoting the reform of talent cultivation from knowledge imparting to ability shaping, and from one-size-fits-all to personalized education," said Xu Kun (徐坤), President of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (北京邮电大学). The school has launched six major projects, including "AI+Base," "AI+Ideological and Political Education," and "AI+Student Affairs," and the digital and intelligent education ecosystem of BUPT (北邮), which features personalized learning, differentiated teaching, intelligent research, and refined management, is gradually showing its effectiveness.
The digital and intelligent education ecosystem not only operates in the cloud, but is also embodied in space. Stepping into the Future Learning Building, multi-modal and highly interactive smart classrooms give teaching unlimited possibilities. Teachers can flexibly switch between various teaching scenarios such as "lecture-seminar-project-roadshow"; students can "enter" chip structures, satellite orbits, and communication networks in real time to conduct virtual environment exploration and interaction.
"This learning space of more than 6,500 square meters is not only an upgrade of the physical environment, but also a vivid practice of educational philosophy." Liu Yitong (刘奕彤), a teacher at the School of Information and Communication Engineering, said with emotion when teaching here for the first time, "Every design serves innovation, and every inch of space is inspiring communication."
In September of this year, the BUPT (北邮) History Museum officially opened, looking back on 70 years of school history and reproducing the struggles of generations of BUPT (北邮) people on the journey of red communication and building a strong network. From admission notices with artificial intelligence courses to smart teaching platforms covering the entire school; from online virtual interactive classrooms to physical empowered future learning spaces - BUPT (北邮) is building a data-driven "teaching-learning-research-innovation" education full chain. Data shows that in recent years, more than 60% of graduates have chosen to devote themselves to the construction of a strong network country.
"Digital and intelligent education not only enhances students' abilities, but also precisely matches personal interests with national needs," said Xu Mei (续梅), Secretary of the Party Committee of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (北京邮电大学). The school will take digital and intelligent education as a breakthrough, take the Future Learning Building as a new carrier, build a digital and intelligent education ecosystem that is grounded and perceptible, and contribute wisdom and strength to the construction of a strong education country and a strong network country.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 郑海鸥
The post-50s, 60s, and 70s are returning to their old trades, the 80s are designing and developing, the 90s are being "circled" into joining, and the 00s are doing online live broadcasts...
The inheritance of intangible cultural heritage depends on its inheritors. In many parts of Shaanxi Province, intangible cultural heritage professional cooperatives are bringing together the inheritance and innovation power of old, middle-aged, and young people. Men and women, young and old, are full of energy, giving full play to their strengths, reaping abundant harvests, and unfolding vivid pictures of cultural prosperity, industrial boom, and rural beauty...
From Solo Efforts to Cooperative Win-Win
The enthusiasm of the masses has been greatly improved, and the brand of intangible cultural heritage is becoming more and more popular.
A rattan, twisted and turned thousands of times; a pair of skillful hands, flying up and down.
In Huangguan Town, Nanzheng District, Hanzhong City (汉中市南郑区), the Hanzhong rattan weaving intangible cultural heritage workshop, more than 10 craftsmen are working hard, turning inconspicuous rattan into exquisite rattan chairs, rattan fans, and other rattan products.
Zheng Fuxue (郑富学), a 68-year-old villager, is one of them. He has been engaged in Hanzhong rattan weaving for more than 50 years and has tasted all the joys and sorrows. "Originally, every household in our village was engaged in rattan weaving. When business was booming, the products were sold all over the country. However, at that time, we basically found materials, made products, and ran sales ourselves. Collecting rattan in the mountains and weaving rattan at home required a pair of diligent hands. We also needed a pair of 'iron legs' to run around in all directions to sell them."
The hardship of the craftsmen, coupled with the impact of the modern furniture industry, forced many villagers, including Zheng Fuxue (郑富学), to put down their craft for a while.
The *Hanzhong Regional Chronicle* records: "Bamboo, rattan, palm, and grass resources are abundant, and the history of handmade weaving is long." Huangguan Town (黄官镇), Nanzheng District (南郑区), is located west of the Qinling Mountains (秦岭) and south of the Bashan Mountains (巴山), with abundant wild green rattan resources and a long history of rattan weaving. It is known as the "Hometown of Rattan Weaving" in Shaanxi. In 2021, rattan weaving (Hanzhong rattan weaving) was included in the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative project list.
"The craft passed down by our ancestors was abandoned like this, and I felt unwilling, but I had to support my family, and my personal ability was small, so I couldn't think of any other way." What made Zheng Fuxue (郑富学) see a turning point was the establishment of the Huangguan Rattan Weaving Professional Cooperative in 2007. "It's great to be able to work together without leaving home or the village."
"Seeing the green rattan all over the mountains and fields, but the rattan weaving craftsmen are slowly losing, it's a pity. We have to find a way to gather everyone together and seek common development." Chen Liangshun (陈良顺), the national representative inheritor of Hanzhong rattan weaving, took the lead in building the cooperative. "Now there are more than 460 members, all farmers from nearby villages. They receive raw materials from the cooperative and produce flexibly by weaving at home or working in the intangible cultural heritage workshop, which not only inherits the rattan weaving skills, but also makes their pockets more and more bulging!"
"Intangible cultural heritage has gone from small workshop-style solo efforts to cooperative win-win under the leadership of the 'leading goose'," said He Kai (贺凯), deputy director of the Hanzhong Municipal Bureau of Culture and Tourism (汉中市文化和旅游局). "Now everyone is giving full play to their strengths, those with good skills are engaged in training and quality control, those with design minds are developing new products, and the enthusiasm and initiative of the villagers have been greatly improved. More importantly, from raw material quality control to weaving technology standards, product brand building, talent training, new product development, and other links, the rattan weaving professional cooperative has strict standards."
To turn rattan into exquisite rattan furniture, more than 20 complex processes such as steaming, peeling, weaving, polishing, and painting are required. The weaving technique is also extremely exquisite, not only to make the rattan furniture strong and durable, but also beautiful and elegant.
"Like this simplest rattan chair, there are more than 20 kinds of weaving methods, such as plain weaving, winding buckle, and fish scale weaving. Every step cannot be sloppy." Chen Liangshun (陈良顺) said, stroking a rattan chair, that the cooperative achieves "five unifications" in production and operation, namely unified raw material procurement, unified processing technology, unified quality standards, unified brand image, and unified sales price. "Everyone is looking up to the standards, and our rattan weaving brand is becoming more and more popular."
Also benefiting from the establishment of intangible cultural heritage professional cooperatives, Wugong embroidery (武功刺绣), a representative project of Shaanxi provincial intangible cultural heritage, has also been known to more people, driving more than 5,000 rural women to join, and the sales revenue of more than 200 varieties of five categories of products has been increasing year by year.
Ji Qing (计清), the provincial representative inheritor of Wugong embroidery and the head of the Wugong County Xinxiu Folk Handicraft Professional Cooperative (武功县馨绣民间手工布艺专业合作社), said: "We first standardize the embroidery process flow according to the product type, and one by one, we design embroidery drafts, select base fabrics, print patterns, put on stretch fabrics, match colors and select threads, embroider and process, shape and iron, trim and mount, and quality inspection and packaging, and other process flows to formulate operating standards to ensure the quality of each product. The key is to summarize and organize the embroidery stitches into 9 series, including 49 kinds of stitches such as Qi stitch and rolling stitch, and train and teach the embroiderers one by one."
**众人拾柴火焰高** (zhòng rén shí chái huǒ yàn gāo - "many people gather firewood, the flames rise high," many hands make light work), the long-famous Hanzhong rattan weaving and the popular Wugong embroidery are famous under the support of thousands of farmers and craftsmen.
From Inheritance Dilemma to Industrial Boom
Increasing Income and Getting Rich at the "Doorstep," Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritance Has Successors
Counting his daily income, Zheng Fuxue (郑富学) frankly said that he is full of gains, several times higher than the most prosperous time before. "I work up to 8 hours a day, and my monthly income is at least 3,000 yuan, which is worth doing!"
Not only the post-50s have found the direction of life in the intangible cultural heritage professional cooperatives, but also more post-90s have joined in.
Du Jing (杜静), born in 1995, lives in Ningqiang County (宁强县). She had never heard of the Qiang embroidery in her hometown before 2021.
Ningqiang (宁强), formerly known as "Ningqiang," is one of the gathering places of the ancient Diqiang ethnic group and is the core area of the Shaanxi region of the national Qiang ethnic cultural ecological protection experimental zone. For thousands of years, local women have had the custom of tying flowers and embroidering flowers during the slack season.
Wang Xiaoqin (王小琴), the provincial representative inheritor of Ningqiang Qiang embroidery, was born in a remote mountain village in Ningqiang (宁强) and learned embroidery from her mother at the age of 7. After graduating from high school, she worked in the clothing industry outside and lived a good life. In 2008, on the way back to her hometown, she found that the elderly embroiderers had no successors, many mountain women who knew embroidery were living in poverty, many traditional stitches were on the verge of being lost, and few people in society knew about Qiang embroidery...
"We must rescue, inherit, and develop!" Wang Xiaoqin (王小琴) visited hundreds of Qiang embroidery artists in villages and stockaded villages to learn stitching techniques, pattern characteristics, color application, and cultural connotations. "After having a bottom in my heart and skills in my hands, I must lead the villagers to develop together."
Wang Xiaoqin (王小琴) set up intangible cultural heritage workshops in the rural areas and resettlement sites around the county seat, where embroiderers come to "work" and get paid by the piece; in remote towns and villages, Qiang embroidery professional cooperatives are established, where villagers produce flexibly at home, and the cooperatives regularly come to purchase. If villagers have no foundation, they can also participate in skills training.
Du Jing (杜静) previously worked in an electronics factory in Jiangsu. In 2021, she participated in the Qiang embroidery training class "with a try-it-out attitude." "I fell in love with it at once. I can embroider 'artworks' with my own hands, which is very different from making electronic components." Now, when Du Jing (杜静) is busy taking care of her children, she can work at home, and when she is free, she comes to the workshop to work full-time. "My monthly income is about 2,000 yuan, and many sisters around me also want to come."
Up to now, nearly 2,000 people have joined the Qiang embroidery professional cooperative, working nearby and increasing their income by 3,000 to 20,000 yuan per year by relying on their hands. "They have embroidered their children's enrollment in school, their marriage and career, and lived a better life." Zhang Fangli (张芳丽), a post-85s Qiang embroidery embroiderer, said, "Since this year, more than 100 post-90s have participated in Qiang embroidery training, and the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage has successors."
The mass base of intangible cultural heritage inheritance continues to expand, and the industrial boom brings a prosperous life. According to the relevant person in charge of the Intangible Cultural Heritage Department of the Shaanxi Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism (陕西省文化和旅游厅), Shaanxi has successively established 265 intangible cultural heritage workshops, and the social and economic benefits have continued to increase.
In 2024, the *Opinions on Developing and Strengthening the Rattan Weaving Characteristic Industry to Drive Mass Income Increase and Prosperity* issued by the Shaanxi Provincial Forestry Bureau proposed to "support leading enterprises to establish a 'enterprise + cooperative + base + farmer' business model, and continue to absorb key groups such as the poor population, women, and the disabled with labor capacity to find employment nearby" and "strengthen the base, optimize the products, and refine the culture."
"At present, there are more than 3,500 people in Huangguan Town (黄官镇) active in the rattan weaving industry chain. 738 relocated people have achieved employment at their doorstep, with an average increase of more than 20,000 yuan in income per capita. The annual comprehensive output value of 3 rattan weaving leading enterprises exceeds 168 million yuan, and the products fly out of the mountains and are sold overseas," said He Kai (贺凯).
Good news followed.
Zheng Fuxue (郑富学) was named a representative inheritor of Hanzhong rattan weaving at the district level, and Zhang Fangli (张芳丽) has also grown into a representative inheritor of Ningqiang Qiang embroidery at the county level. "The responsibility on our shoulders is heavier, and the confidence and confidence in development are also greater."
From "Outdated" to "Fashionable"
Connecting to the Internet, Integrating New Ideas, Weaving a Better Life
"This rattan chair does not use a single piece of wood, but is made entirely of rattan. It is elastic, dissipates heat well, and is more comfortable..." In the "Liangshun Rattan Weaving" live broadcast room, Zhang Dongmei (张冬梅), a post-00s, promoted exquisite Hanzhong rattan weaving products to netizens. The audience placed orders one after another, and sales continued to rise.
A few hours later, these products will be uniformly packaged and transported to various places. "We no longer need to go door-to-door, Hanzhong rattan weaving has become a favorite product for many young people," said Chen Lingkai (陈凌凯), Chen Liangshun's (陈良顺) son, a post-95s.
In 2016, Chen Lingkai (陈凌凯), who was in college, deeply felt the difficulty of his father selling goods, and tried to help his family sell rattan weaving products online. "One order sold more than 50 rattan chairs, which is equivalent to his father's sales in about a month."
After graduating from college, Chen Lingkai (陈凌凯) hoped to help the cooperative expand its development space, so he returned to his hometown and formed a post-90s e-commerce team. More than 20 young people from his hometown, including Zhang Dongmei (张冬梅), joined one after another. "The entire chain around intangible cultural heritage production, design, and sales has become younger, and everyone is very energetic." Chen Lingkai (陈凌凯) introduced that last year, e-commerce sales reached more than 30 million yuan, accounting for about 70% of total sales.
When ancient intangible cultural heritage connects to the Internet and integrates new ideas, many gratifying things are happening.
Chen Lingkai's (陈凌凯) team looks for new ideas and new ideas from the needs and wants of netizens. Various "intangible cultural heritage +" cross-border products of Hanzhong rattan weaving are emerging one after another, not only winning more than 10 national patents, but also creating co-branded models with well-known foreign brands;
Zhao Wenting (赵文婷), a municipal representative inheritor of Wugong earth cloth weaving skills born in 1989, actively interacts with experts from Xi'an Jiaotong University (西安交通大学), Xi'an University of Technology (西安工程大学) and other universities, combines popular elements, and innovates products with old masters, integrating more closely with modern life;
Hanzhong rattan weaving, Wugong embroidery, and Ningqiang Qiang embroidery have all developed research and study experience courses for college, middle, and primary school students, and more than 10,000 students come every year to appreciate the beauty of materials and the ingenuity of Chinese excellent traditional culture.
"Because of some distance from modern life, many intangible cultural heritage were once considered 'outdated'. Now, through creative transformation and innovative development, many intangible cultural heritage have become synonymous with 'popular', 'fashionable', and 'high-end', and have been radiating dazzling brilliance," said Wang Xiaoqin (王小琴).
"Bang, bang..." In the Wugong earth cloth weaving intangible cultural heritage workshop, consumers can watch the craftsmen weaving cloth, listen to the cultural inheritance stories of earth cloth weaving, and choose to buy products.
Zhao Jie (赵杰), a craftsman born in 1986, demonstrated the earth cloth weaving skills on the spot. She said: "Now, people from all over the surrounding villages have joined the cooperative, raising their children, taking care of their families, and weaving a better life with golden shuttles and silver shuttles. When the children see the adults on the loom, they know they can buy something delicious again."
"Some children also learn from the adults, standing on tiptoe, weaving cloth in a decent manner. Whether it is good or not, for the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage, we see new seeds sprouting." Zhao Jie (赵杰) smiled and was proud...
Return to TopBy: 钱永刚
This year marks the 70th anniversary of my father Qian Xuesen's (钱学森) return to China. On September 17, 1955, I boarded a ship with my parents and set sail, returning to the embrace of the motherland on October 8th. Seventy years have passed, and when we mention the name Qian Xuesen (钱学森), what first comes to mind is the people's scientist who laid the foundation for China's aerospace industry, the recipient of the "Two Bombs, One Satellite Achievement Medal" (两弹一星功勋奖章), and the pioneer of the new China's science and technology endeavors. However, this scientific giant also shone with humanistic brilliance, concealing an equally amazing artistic world.
My father's artistic cultivation began with his family education. In that era, my grandfather, with his forward-looking educational vision, paved a path for his young son that emphasized both science and art. On the one hand, he had him study science and engineering to pursue the path of strengthening the country through technology; on the other hand, he sent him to study music and painting. My father once recalled: "From a young age, I was not only interested in science, but also in art. I read many books on art theory, such as Plekhanov's *Art and Social Life*, which I read while studying at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学)." These artistic cultivations not only deepened his profound understanding of the poetic and philosophical meanings in artworks, but also taught him the macro-image thinking with large spans in art.
The unique growth environment created Qian Xuesen's (钱学森) temperament that combined science and art. He delved widely and deeply, not only mastering artistic practices such as music and painting, but also systematically studying theoretical works on art. These artistic cultivations had a profound impact on his scientific thinking. As he said: "A scientific and technological worker without a little artistic cultivation will also find it difficult to have a correct worldview, which will also affect his scientific and technological work." The integration of science and art became an important source of his innovative thinking, and also allows us to understand from a completely new perspective: why Qian Xuesen (钱学森) was able to become Qian Xuesen (钱学森).
When we trace Qian Xuesen's (钱学森) profound artistic foundation, fine arts is undoubtedly a brilliant chapter. When he was in elementary school, he mastered the techniques of watercolor painting and Chinese painting, and experienced a selfless spiritual realm in artistic creation. He once described his feelings when painting: "When observing scenery and painting, the scenery is integrated into my heart. At that time, everything is forgotten, and my heart is extremely clean." Isn't this state of single-mindedness and the merging of self and object the highest realm that both scientific exploration and artistic creation strive for? At Jiao Tong University (交通大学), he designed the class emblem for the *Shanghai Jiao Tong University Second and Third Grade Commemorative Publication*. This work was by no means a simple pattern decoration, but a fusion of engineering and technical thinking with cutting-edge artistic concepts. This early practice and thinking on fine arts profoundly influenced Qian Xuesen's (钱学森) thinking in his later years. The "technical aesthetics" proposition he put forward can be traced back to this.
In his later years, Qian Xuesen (钱学森) still maintained a strong interest in art, especially enjoying browsing various paintings, and habitually making clippings of paintings that resonated with him and related articles in the field of art management for collection. It was based on his deep understanding of the value of art that he vigorously advocated opening "art literacy classes" in the basic education stage "to cultivate students' ability to appreciate and identify paintings." He firmly believed that having such aesthetic ability "is a necessary condition for being a citizen of a modern socialist country."
In addition, when Qian Xuesen (钱学森) was studying at Jiao Tong University (交通大学), he was both a music fan and a musician. He was particularly fond of brass music, and every afternoon he would devote himself to playing for more than half an hour in his dormitory. In addition to his heavy academic work, he published unique musical commentary articles such as *Music and the Content of Music*, *Mechanical Music*, and *On the Situation of the American Music Scene*. The reading habits formed from childhood accompanied him across the ocean. During his stay in the United States from 1935 to 1955, his bookshelves were filled with Western literary classics in addition to scientific and technological literature. By the 1980s, when he retired to the second line, systematically reading literary and artistic works became his daily "compulsory course"...
It is worth mentioning that Qian Xuesen (钱学森) put forward the proposition of "Chinese literary style" in his later years. This stemmed from his thinking on how to Sinicize science fiction novels. He advocated that we should "follow the path of studying literary and artistic theory with Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought," and proposed to build a socialist literary and artistic theory with Chinese characteristics: we must base ourselves on tradition and use the past for the present, "not forgetting China's five thousand years of brilliant literary and artistic tradition" and "using the latest scientific and technological achievements to promote this literary and artistic tradition"; we must face the world and make foreign things serve China. We should not simply reject or "complain" about the cultures of other countries, but should maintain an open attitude, objectively analyze, and critically absorb the excellent elements. At the same time, he advocated "the combination of science and art," and advocated that "scientific and technological workers and literary artists should be friends." He earnestly hoped that scientific and technological workers "should learn as much literature, art, music, and painting as possible," and that people in the literary and artistic circles could also "learn some science and technology." This cross-border exchange and learning is an important way to stimulate innovation, promote socialist culture, and cultivate all-round talents.
When we enter Qian Xuesen's (钱学森) profound and brilliant artistic world, it is by no means just to unearth the life interests of a scientific giant, but to explore the generation code of his wisdom. Throughout his life, art is by no means just the icing on the cake, but the fertile ground for the tree of wisdom. The inspiration, intuition, imagination, and humanistic temperature that art gave him collided with his rigorous scientific logical thinking, eventually becoming an inexhaustible source of disruptive innovation.
The "integration of great achievements to obtain wisdom" (集大成、得智慧 - jí dà chéng, dé zhì huì - "gather great achievements, obtain wisdom," to combine various achievements to gain profound knowledge), proposed by Qian Xuesen (钱学森) in his later years, has been vividly interpreted in the interplay of science and art. His artistic cultivation and the concept of "grand synthesis of wisdom" provide inspiration for solving "Qian Xuesen's Question" (钱学森之问) and cultivating top-notch innovative talents today: break down barriers, break the mindset of "separation of arts and sciences," and deeply recognize the inherent unity of science, technology, engineering, art, and mathematics (STEAM); reshape education, the goal of education should be to cultivate compound talents who have both scientific rational thinking and humanistic and artistic literacy, and can carry out "large-span macro-image thinking." Consolidating the foundation, encouraging cross-border, strengthening practice, and cultivating sentiments are indispensable; integrating innovation, actively embracing the era trend of "science and art combination," encouraging scientific and technological workers to draw artistic inspiration, and supporting artists to use scientific and technological means to generate original and disruptive results in cross-integration.
(The author is the curator of the Qian Xuesen Library (钱学森图书馆) of Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学), and this report was compiled by Huang Chao (黄超), a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 单霁翔
From urban planning to architectural design, Chinese architecture is broad and profound, embodying the unique Chinese philosophical thought, aesthetic taste, and life wisdom, shining brightly in the long river of human civilization. To promote the spirit of Chinese aesthetic education, People's Daily recently launched the "People's Aesthetic Education - Same Aesthetic Education Class" art media project. The first episode, "The Beauty of Construction," innovatively adopts a combination of in-depth dialogue in the studio and immersive small theater, leading children into this millennial architectural aesthetic feast in a "touchable, participatory, and perceptible" course structure, opening up new ideas and providing new methods for aesthetic education practice in the digital age.
Construction techniques are an important embodiment of Chinese architectural wisdom, mainly reflected in the deep integration of structural design and material technology in traditional Chinese architecture. Unlike Western stone buildings, ancient Chinese architecture relies on the "beam-column system" with a wooden frame as its soul, and can stand for thousands of years with mortise-tenon structures and dougong systems. Whether it is the earthquake-resistant miracle of the Wooden Pagoda of Ying County (应县木塔) in Shanxi (山西) or the layered dougong of the Hall of Supreme Harmony (太和殿) in the Forbidden City (故宫), they all demonstrate the ancient people's architectural wisdom of "**以柔克刚**" (yǐ róu kè gāng - "overcoming the unyielding with the yielding," to use softness to overcome hardness). To help children understand this wisdom, "The Beauty of Construction" closely follows the cognitive characteristics of children, starting from a child's perspective, through questions and answers, in-depth and simple explanations, interactive teaching, etc., combined with AI modeling, 3D animation, and other technologies, breaking the boundaries of time and space, and stimulating children's desire to explore in a combination of audio-visual and hands-on practice.
Dougong is a unique structural component of ancient Chinese architecture, located between the top of the column, the lintel, and the eaves purlin or between frames, reflecting the integration of architectural aesthetics and architectural mechanics. The Hall of Supreme Harmony (太和殿) in the Forbidden City (故宫), the Wooden Pagoda of Ying County (应县木塔), and other buildings use a variety of dougong. These dougong, in a manner of "layering and interlocking," transfer the roof load through complex mechanical conduction, layer by layer, to the columns and foundations, ensuring the safety and stability of the building. Dougong are connected by mortise and tenon joints. The mortise-tenon structure is the key to the earthquake resistance of ancient buildings. It connects different wooden components through the splicing and embedding of convex and concave parts. The gap at the bite of the wooden components gives it a certain flexible adjustment function. When an earthquake strikes, the mortise and tenon joints dissipate energy through tiny displacements, greatly reducing the seismic load of the entire building, allowing it to stand majestically.
Color is the vivid language of architecture. The royal grandeur of vermilion walls and golden tiles, the literati elegance of white walls and black tiles... Color flows through architecture for thousands of years, becoming a dual expression of ritual and aesthetics. This year marks the centenary of the founding of the Palace Museum (故宫博物院). The crowds of visitors are not only amazed by its rigorous form and exquisite craftsmanship, but also by its magnificent appearance and gorgeous colors. As the children raise questions about the colors of the Forbidden City (故宫) one by one, the rich connotations carried by red, yellow, green, etc., are deeply interpreted in "The Beauty of Construction": Red represents auspiciousness, prosperity, and strength in traditional culture, and the red walls of the Forbidden City (故宫红墙) have long become a symbolic color, reflecting the majesty of the royal family; yellow is regarded as the exclusive color of the royal family, and the yellow tiles of the Forbidden City (故宫黄瓦) symbolize the nobility of the royal family. The combination of red walls and yellow tiles also fits the meaning of "fire generates earth" in the Five Elements, implying the stability of imperial power and the prosperity of the country. The eaves and other parts of the Forbidden City (故宫) buildings often use green, which not only adds a touch of agility to the building, but also symbolizes vitality and vitality. The residences of princes also use green, implying "the germination of vegetation and vigorous vitality."
The decorations on ancient Chinese buildings are even more colorful. They are not simple embellishments, but artistic expressions that integrate ethical education, natural worship, and the aesthetics of the times into daily life.
Taking roof ridge beasts as an example, they are a major feature of ancient Chinese architecture and the topic that children are most interested in. What are their particularities and what are their cultural implications? "The Beauty of Construction" combines physical props, real-world application scenarios, etc., and tells the answers in interaction with the children, deepening their understanding. The roof ridge beasts on traditional Chinese buildings not only play a decorative role, but also have the functions of fixing ridge tiles, preventing rain leakage, and preventing lightning, and also have profound meanings and hierarchical symbols. For example, the dragon is a symbol of the royal family, the phoenix represents auspiciousness and beauty, and the lion symbolizes majesty and power. The number of roof ridge beasts also varies according to the level of the building. The immortal is the component at the forefront of the eaves of ancient buildings. No matter how different the architectural form, tile specifications, and the number of beasts are, the position of the immortal remains unchanged, representing the immortal pointing the way and turning bad luck into good fortune. The ones behind the immortal are collectively called walking beasts, also known as auspicious beasts. The roof ridge beasts of Prince Gong's Mansion (北京恭王府) in Beijing (北京) are 1 immortal plus 7 auspicious beasts, while the Hall of Supreme Harmony (太和殿) in the Forbidden City (故宫), as the highest-level building, has 1 immortal plus 10 auspicious beasts, implying perfection and all things going smoothly. The position of the auspicious beasts is also particular. There is a folk jingle that tells their order: "One dragon, two phoenixes, three lions, seahorse, heavenly horse, six xie fish, suanni, xiezhi, nine dou niu, and the last xingshi looks like a monkey." These glazed small beasts are not just decorations lying on the roof, but also spiritual rivets that support traditional Chinese architecture, containing the most magnificent survival wisdom of the Chinese people - to tame the power of all things with awe.
In addition to roof ridge beasts, the decorations of ancient buildings also include painted carvings, tile components, etc. Various types of painted carvings have both decorative and protective effects on wood, and also contain beautiful meanings. "The Beauty of Construction" shows the specific architectural decoration details and elaborates on the role of "caisson ceilings" and "ceiling panels." Most of the ancient Chinese buildings are wooden structures. The ancients built a "caisson ceiling" directly above the building to avoid fire. "Ceiling panels" are decorative patterns surrounding the caisson ceiling, mostly painted with aquatic plant patterns such as lotus, water chestnut, and lotus, which also contain the meaning of fire avoidance. From color philosophy to decorative symbols, from structural methods to spatial poetics, ancient Chinese architecture has become a vivid interpretation of the Chinese civilization's "**技进于道**" (jì jìn yú dào - "skill advances to the Way," craftsmanship reaching a state of profound understanding).
This year marks the 40th anniversary of China's accession to the "Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage." Over the past 40 years, the total number of Chinese World Heritage sites has reached 60, ranking second in the world. In particular, the successful application of the Beijing Central Axis (北京中轴线) for World Heritage status last year excited me - from the Bell and Drum Towers (钟鼓楼) to the Yongding Gate (永定门) building complex, tradition and modernity coexist, and they carry the wisdom of Chinese construction. Cultural heritage is a cultural treasure shared by the whole world. How to activate this cultural wealth? "People's Aesthetic Education - Same Aesthetic Education Class" provides a new paradigm: focusing on the essence of outstanding traditional Chinese culture, and activating tradition with technology, breaking the barriers of time, space, and cognition with form and language innovation, expanding the space for aesthetic education, and providing assistance for school aesthetic education immersion actions.
(The author is the Director of the Academic Committee of the Palace Museum (故宫博物院) and the Director of the Expert Committee of the China Cultural Relics Society (中国文物学会专家委员会).)
Return to TopBy: 徐 涟
The 30 years of time, how can it be measured? For human history, it may be a blink of an eye; for the global women's cause, it is a long road from awakening to action, from commitment to practice. On October 13th, I had the privilege of listening to President Xi Jinping's (习近平) keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Global Women's Summit. At that moment, I deeply felt that the development and progress of the global women's cause over the past 30 years has deeply affected every woman. We are beneficiaries, as well as strivers and contributors.
Today, as the bell of "Beijing+30" rings, the China Women Painters Association is using a contemporary Chinese women artists' exhibition entitled "We: Walking with the Times" and 10 parallel exhibitions as a heartfelt response to the comprehensive development of the Chinese women's cause over the past 30 years. The exhibition embodies the beliefs of the World Conference on Women into brushstrokes, colors, lines, and light and shadow, declaring to the world: We are walking with the times! This is not only a cultural tribute to the "Beijing+30" process, but also an artistic action to deepen the gender equality dialogue with visual language.
When "we" is used to refer to the female group as the theme of the exhibition, the word has more warmth and firmness. This means that, on the one hand, today's female artists are no longer objects of gaze, but independent and subjective creators, who truly become the subject of creation and the master of expression with rich and delicate emotions and the ability to observe subtleties; on the other hand, it represents the identity of female artists in terms of gender. It does not emphasize uniformity, but condenses consensus in diversity and sublimates resonance in differences. We pay attention to self-growth and individual expression, and care more about social development and national progress, stepping out of the small self, expressing the big self, and striving to use artistic works to reflect the spirit of the times and transmit positive energy. In order to fully present the rich connotations, this exhibition is like a quintet, divided into 5 chapters, telling the story of "we".
The first chapter, "National Sentiment: Responsibility and Dedication," outlines the pride of women as national builders, from the persistent figure of scientists in the laboratory to the firm eyes of astronauts looking at the universe; the second chapter, "Skillful Hands Weaving Brocade: Praising Labor," brings together the sweat of women workers in all walks of life, including female artists; the third chapter, "Era Elegance: Singing Praises of Beauty," shows how women who are born to love beauty, as spokespersons of beauty, discoverers of beauty, and creators of beauty, use their unique perception to preserve beautiful moments for this era; the fourth chapter, "October Spring Sunshine: Praising Life," focuses on the natural duty of women to create and protect life, using colors to compose a hymn about birth, growth, and inheritance, expressing respect for life; the fifth chapter, "Openness and Inclusiveness: Harmonious Coexistence," highlights the nature of women yearning for peace and longing for connection. Art becomes a letter to the world, using sincere visual language to call for the coexistence of all things and pray for universal harmony.
Walking through the exhibition hall, you will meet the souls of three generations of female artists, old, middle-aged, and young. He Yunlan (何韵兰), Wang Yingchun (王迎春), Chen Yadan (陈雅丹) and other veteran artists who participated in the Fourth World Conference on Women in 1995 still maintain vigorous creative vitality; Sun Xiaoyun (孙晓云), Yan Ping (闫平), Lin Lan (林蓝), Yu Hong (喻红) and others have become outstanding representatives with their distinct artistic styles and outstanding creative achievements; An Jia (安佳), Li Chuanzhen (李传真), Wang Defang (王德芳), Kang Lei (康蕾), Deng Ke (邓柯) and others have produced new works one after another; the post-80s and post-90s new talents bravely explore the boundaries of art. It is through the joint efforts of generations of female artists that we have today's dialogue across time and space, telling about inheritance and predicting the future.
The China Women Painters Association, established in 2012, unites female artists from different categories such as Chinese painting, oil painting, printmaking, sculpture, comprehensive materials, calligraphy and seal cutting, and will expand to new fields such as installation art, experimental art, and digital art in the future. For today's female artists, technology and skills are certainly important, but more important is to show the unique existence of "we" - from personal self-improvement to serving life and society, creating artistic masterpieces worthy of the times, and injecting a sense of stability, warmth, and courage to move forward from female power into this world of increasing uncertainty.
We are walking with the times! Chinese female artists are participating in the development process of China and even the world with a confident attitude. When female artists from all countries join hands, using art as a medium to listen to each other's voices and better combine female power with artistic power, they will surely sail together towards a better future for mankind. Because the power of women and the power of art are the most resilient and lasting forces in human civilization.
(The author is the President of the China Women Painters Association (中国女画家协会))
Return to TopBy: 代大权
In this golden autumn season, the art world also welcomes a harvest, with various art exhibitions being held one after another. Looking at the exhibitions, the vitality of innovation and the diversity of practices are gratifying, and the desire for epic masterpieces and timeless classics is also thought-provoking.
In the cultural context of the new era, art creation not only carries the mission of aesthetic expression but also becomes a visual carrier of the spirit of the times and humanistic care. Its emotional expression needs to resonate with the times, and its spiritual core should be rooted in the contemporary construction of Chinese culture. Properly handling the relationships of "big, small, many, few" in art creation will help to further clarify value orientations and methodological paths in a diverse context.
"Big" refers to the pattern and spiritual dimension of artistic creation. Zhuangzi said, "The Dao covers and carries all things, how vast it is!" "Big" not only refers to the grandeur of the subject matter and the breadth of vision but also embodies the richness of the creator's spirit and the depth of thought. In the current cultural ecology, which is becoming increasingly diverse, art creation needs to realize the self-awareness and transcendence of individual cognition in a large cultural context, thereby expanding the space for artistic expression.
"Small" is reflected in the conscious introspection of the creative subject—maintaining a delicate observation of individual experience and a subtle expression of artistic language in a grand narrative, to achieve an appropriate transmission of emotional temperature. Chinese painting theory emphasizes "exhausting the subtle, achieving the broad" (尽精微，致广大), which is a profound summary of this aesthetic wisdom of "seeing the big in the small." It is worth noting that "small" is by no means narrow and closed but conveys infinite spiritual meaning through limited individual experience and formal language.
"Many" concerns the diversity of artistic styles and the firmness of creative beliefs. The diversity of artistic styles should not be reduced to the accumulation of forms but should be based on the concept that "creation is creation." Whether it is realism or expressionism, it needs to achieve unity in the language dimension and the spiritual dimension, and both have the dual attributes of "speakable" and "unspeakable." Excellent works can often transcend appearances and achieve a leap from visual perception to spiritual resonance through personalized expression.
"Few," at the philosophical level, embodies aesthetic wisdom, which requires creators to subtract from the language—removing redundant forms, abandoning decorative techniques, and pursuing the expressive power of "less is more." "Few" is also a spiritual practice—restraining the projection of desire in creation, purifying the mind, and reaching the creative realm of "private will must not enter public morality, and desires must not distort justice" (私志不得入公道，嗜欲不得枉正术).
In the dialectic of commonality and individuality, the relationship between "big and small" and "many and few" further reveals its theoretical value. The communication effectiveness and social impact of a work depend not only on the quality of its artistic body but also on its degree of conformity with the context of the times. Common cognition provides the basis for the acceptance of the work, while individual expression constitutes the core of its artistic value. Truly vital works can often establish a dynamic balance between the two: nourishing the individual "small" with the common "big," and activating the common "big" with the individual "small"; expanding the dimension of expression with the "many" of language, and enhancing the purity of art with the "few" of desire.
Art creation is essentially a visual experiment about "how it could be," rather than a simple reproduction of "why it is so." The multiple dialogues of reproduction and expression, objectivity and subjectivity, commonality and individuality, help to build a diverse and symbiotic art ecology and promote the emergence of masterpieces with spiritual depth and the temperature of the times.
Return to TopBy: 裔 萼
Although it has been running for a month and a half, the viewing craze triggered by the "Infinite Coolness – Feng Zikai Art Exhibition" at the Beijing Fine Art Academy Art Museum (北京画院美术馆) continues, and the exhibition has been extended to November 2nd. This year marks the 50th anniversary of Mr. Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) death. Not only in Beijing (北京), but also in Shanghai (上海), Guiyang (贵阳), and other places, the popularity of Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) comic art is spreading widely with the launch of a series of exhibitions with different themes. As the curator, I am greatly encouraged, and at the same time, I can't help but think about why Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) art is so popular with the audience. I think this is closely related to Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) consistent advocacy of "Qū gāo hè zhòng".
People usually think that "Qū gāo" (曲高) must be "hé guǎ" (和寡), meaning that refined and profound music will inevitably have few listeners, like the "White Snow in the Spring Sunshine," making it difficult to find a kindred spirit. However, Feng Zikai (丰子恺) pointed out that the "gāo" (高) in "Qū gāo hé guǎ" (曲高和寡) refers to being abstruse, not "good." He advocated "Qū gāo hè zhòng," (曲高和众) meaning that good art will definitely be welcomed by the general public. The Russian writer Tolstoy once said: "All the greatest music and the most valuable masterpieces must be widely understood by the people and universally appreciated by the people." He highly agreed with Tolstoy's point of view, and his own art truly achieved both Qū gāo hè zhòng (曲高和众) and being appreciated by both refined and popular tastes.
As the founder of modern Chinese comic art and an outstanding representative of the transformation of Chinese painting from traditional to modern, Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) works are simple and lively, plain and meaningful, forming a unique style in the history of modern Chinese painting. On the one hand, he inherited the freehand tradition and poetic core of Chinese painting, emphasizing that there is poetry in painting and that poetry and painting blend together, maintaining the high quality and high style of art. On the other hand, he used simple strokes to depict daily trivial matters, singing praises of the joys and sorrows of the world, and his works are full of human touch, making them approachable and endearing. The easy-to-understand pictures and rich and profound connotations have made Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) comics well-known since their birth and have remained fresh over time.
In the early 20th century, the "elegant" and "vulgar" in the Chinese painting world were as different as clouds and mud. Feng Zikai (丰子恺) bravely broke through the barriers between the elegant and the vulgar, making daily trivial matters the main body of the picture, and melting interesting content with simple forms, full poetry and profound philosophical thinking into one furnace. The former determines the people's nature and popularity of his art, and the latter determines the high quality and high level of his art. Regarding the content of his paintings, Feng Zikai (丰子恺) did not pursue mysterious painting realms, saying that he "just used a writing brush to record his daily feelings like keeping accounts," and what he depicted were "the surprising, joyful, sad, and ridiculous aspects of daily life"; regarding the form of his paintings, he inherited the freehand tradition of simple brush and ink, emphasizing that the idea comes before the brush, and the brush is simple but the meaning is rich. The ordinariness and simplicity of content and form, and the loftiness and transcendence of taste and realm, are magically integrated in this way, forming a unique "Feng family style."
The key to transforming ordinary appearances into artistic appearances full of meaning lies in poetry. Feng Zikai (丰子恺) once taught his students to "learn the eyes of a poet." The so-called eyes of a poet are able to see deep meaning from the ordinary and obtain beauty from the mundane by seeing through appearances and transcending utilitarianism. He used "Spring is in the Voice of Selling Flowers" as an example: "Ordinary people only see flowers and money, but poets associate the voice of selling flowers with spring." This sensitive and affectionate painter uses the eyes of a poet to observe everything and endow everything with poetry. Yu Pingbo (俞平伯) compared his comics to pieces of fallen flowers, and Zhu Ziqing (朱自清) called his comics like small poems with kernels. Indeed, Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) paintings are like small poems, refreshing and touching.
The abundant poetry and profound philosophical thinking determine the "Qū gāo" (曲高), and the daily content and simple brushwork determine the "hé zhòng" (和众). What's more, his works also have a delightful sense of humor and are full of humorous charm. High-level humor is the embodiment of great wisdom. Feng Zikai (丰子恺) penetrates the world and human nature with the eyes of a philosopher, hitting the essence directly, and uses humorous comic works to increase wisdom, transcend suffering, and resist nihilism in a knowing smile. Behind the humor is profound philosophical thinking and deep and broad sympathy. Feng Zikai (丰子恺) treats all beings and all things with a compassionate heart. He once created "Protecting Life Paintings" to persuade people to cherish life, cultivate love, and advocate peace. Love and peace are the themes of Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) art and his lifelong pursuit. Today, when we revisit Mr. Feng Zikai's (丰子恺) comic works, we can not only feel his great love for all beings and his deep affection for the world, but also feel his patriotic enthusiasm and literati integrity, and even more appreciate the warmth and power of his art to comfort people's hearts.
(The author is the Director of the Research Department of the National Art Museum of China (中国美术馆))
Return to TopBy: 王 粟 刘 微
Immerse yourself in life, open your heart, and step into the world of art. Recently, the People's Daily (人民日报) Press's key integrated media project for literary and artistic publicity, "Reading Paintings Daily" (每日读画), was officially launched. Using classic art works as a medium, through the integrated and innovative form of "AI + Art" and the integrated communication form of "micro-video + night reading," it guides the audience from "reading paintings" to "reading culture" and "reading life," and has been welcomed by readers.
Starting today, this edition will launch the "Reading Paintings" column, selecting paintings, micro-videos, and night reading articles to explore the inheritance of culture, understand artistic experience, and enrich aesthetic experience together with readers, and to gain spiritual pleasure that connects the past and the present in emotional resonance.
——Editor
When a fallen leaf falls into the palm of your hand, you realize—autumn has truly arrived. As time flows, we harvest and move forward in the journey of life. Unfolding the Ming Dynasty painter Qiu Ying's (仇英) "Waiting for Ferry on Autumn River" (秋江待渡图), it seems like opening a letter from the ancients, full of the beauty of autumn.
Painters of past dynasties loved to depict "autumn scenery," using it to express their feelings and entrust their thoughts. Qiu Ying's (仇英) "Waiting for Ferry on Autumn River" (秋江待渡图) extends the space in a "Z" shape. Amidst the vast misty waters, distant mountains can be seen like dark green eyebrows, with red and green intertwined, a vast and open expanse, rich in autumn colors, brilliant and ethereal.
Between the mountains and rivers, there is the elegant interest of "waiting for the ferry." Qiu Ying's (仇英) "Waiting for Ferry on Autumn River" (秋江待渡图) injects new connotations into this classic motif. In the foreground, a scholar in white leans leisurely against a rock, relaxed and calm. Behind him, a servant holds a horse by his side, and a young attendant carries a burden and holds an umbrella, intending to set off. On the opposite bank, a small boat is about to depart, and the two people who have already boarded the boat seem to be chatting. A young man carrying a load is hurrying to the ferry, and the boatman is waving to welcome him. The two groups of figures echo each other from afar, as if whispering a story about waiting, meeting, and parting in the autumn-colored landscape.
Qian Xuan (钱选) of the Yuan Dynasty once wrote a poem "Inscription on Waiting for Ferry on Autumn River" (题秋江待渡图): "The mountain colors are misty and green, the Yangtze River soaks through a day of autumn. Thatched huts in the setting sun outside the cold smoke, a long-standing pedestrian waits for the ferry boat." The misty and green mountain colors and the clear and bright autumn river together outline the autumn atmosphere of fading green and clear water and sky. The pedestrians standing by the river for a long time show a sense of peace and calmness in their waiting. The river flows quietly, and the ferry has not yet arrived, and time seems to become slow and full of tension. At this moment, waiting for the ferry in the autumn river, in the stagnation of time, implies the expectation of the other shore and the search for a home. In the intermingling of poetry and painting, philosophical thoughts about time, life, and life are derived, reflecting the indifferent artistic conception and far-reaching sustenance in Chinese literati art.
Looking back at the present, have you ever been like the young man rushing in Qiu Ying's (仇英) "Waiting for Ferry on Autumn River" (秋江待渡图), afraid of missing the important "ferry" in life? Have you ever stopped to look at the scenery along the way in your rush? The journey of life is sometimes like waiting for the ferry in this autumn river. What is important is not only the arrival, but also every moment of the present. In those moments of "about to set off," please give yourself a moment of composure.
Return to TopThis edition's email: msfk@peopledaily.cn
Title image design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
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