Summary: The article emphasizes Xi Jinping's concern for black soil conservation, likening it to "pandas of arable land" during a 2020 inspection of Jilin. It highlights successful efforts in Heilongjiang Province to rehabilitate eroded farmland and increase yields through erosion gully treatment. The Ministry of Water Resources has invested significantly in the Northeast black soil region, leading to increased grain production and soil organic matter content. The article details policy support, including subsidies for farmers and innovative approaches to ecological product value transformation, facilitated by collaboration between central and local authorities. These efforts are framed as crucial for national food security, underscored by the implementation of the Black Soil Protection Law.
Summary: The article highlights China's efforts to improve rural logistics and reduce overall logistics costs, following Xi Jinping's emphasis on this goal at the fourth meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission in February 2024. It details initiatives such as expanding express delivery services to rural areas, including the establishment of village-level logistics stations, which have led to increased e-commerce activity and sales of agricultural products. Xinjiang is specifically mentioned as an example of a region benefiting from these improvements, with reduced delivery costs and increased rural e-commerce. The article emphasizes the importance of these improvements for facilitating both the flow of goods to rural areas and the movement of agricultural products to urban centers, contributing to overall economic efficiency. The piece makes no mention of the United States or US-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses the guiding principles and goals for China's 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030) as outlined by the Party's 20th Central Committee Fourth Plenum, emphasizing the need to adhere to the "six insistences." It highlights the importance of upholding the Party's leadership and effectively combining the roles of both the market and the government in economic development. The article asserts that China's large domestic market is a key advantage, and that further market reforms will enhance economic resilience. It stresses that properly coordinating the function of the market and the government will be critical to achieving socialist modernization.
Summary: Following the 20th CPC Central Committee's Fourth Plenum, cadres from central and state organs and people's organizations expressed commitment to the meeting's spirit and Xi Jinping's important speech, emphasizing the significance of the "Two Establishments" and the "Two Safeguards." They pledged to implement the Plenum's strategic deployments for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030), focusing on high-quality development and addressing domestic challenges amid a complex international environment. Cadres highlighted the importance of innovation, self-reliance in technology, and continued reform and opening-up to navigate global competition, but there was no specific reference to the U.S.. They also stressed the need to strengthen the Party's leadership in all aspects of economic and social development to achieve socialist modernization. The cadres emphasized improving people's well-being and promoting both material and spiritual civilization during the "15th Five-Year Plan."
Summary: During a meeting with Singaporean Prime Minister Lawrence Wong, Chinese Premier Li Qiang emphasized strengthening bilateral ties, deepening cooperation in areas like digital and green economies, and expanding collaboration with third parties. Li highlighted the recent 20th CPC Central Committee's fourth plenary session and China's willingness to align development plans with Singapore. Wong reaffirmed Singapore's commitment to the One China policy and expressed confidence in China's development, while both leaders pledged to uphold free trade and multilateralism. The two leaders oversaw the signing of multiple cooperation documents across various sectors.
Summary: Wang Huning, a member of the Politburo Standing Committee and Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee, addressed a meeting in Beijing commemorating the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's Retrocession. He emphasized the importance of upholding the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, and opposing "Taiwan independence" activities. Wang called for promoting peaceful development of cross-strait relations, and promoting reunification. Li Ganjie presided over the meeting, which was also attended by Wang Yi and other high-ranking officials. Wang Huning referred to the importance of guarding against any space for "Taiwan independence" activities.
Summary: New dairy cow genome evaluation chips for breeding have been developed in Inner Mongolia, shortening breeding cycles and improving genetic progress, contributing to China's "seed source autonomy." China's annual milk yield per cow has increased significantly, with dairy companies like Yili Group focusing on quality improvement through technological innovation, with the application of intelligent technology increasing milk production and reducing costs. Yili has implemented strict quality control measures, including real-time monitoring and intelligent quality inspection in its production facilities. Yili also supports upstream partners with technology, funding, and management, boosting the dairy industry and rural revitalization. The article contains no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: According to a report from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, domestic tourism in China saw significant growth in the first three quarters of the year. Domestic trips reached 4.998 billion, an 18% increase year-on-year, with notable growth in both urban and rural resident travel. Tourism spending also rose to 4.85 trillion yuan, an 11.5% increase compared to the same period last year. This growth reflects a continued recovery in domestic travel within China. The article does not mention U.S. or Sino-U.S. relations.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang departed Beijing on October 25th for an official visit to Singapore at the invitation of Prime Minister Lawrence Wong. Upon arrival in Singapore, Li was greeted by Singaporean Minister Josephine Teo and Chinese Ambassador Cao Zhongming. Li stated that China-Singapore relations have maintained strong momentum over the past 35 years, characterized by deepening political trust and fruitful cooperation. He highlighted the advancement of relations under the strategic guidance of Xi Jinping and Singaporean leaders, emphasizing a commitment to expanded cooperation and regional development. Li also expressed China's willingness to work with Singapore to strengthen development strategy alignment, comprehensively expand mutually beneficial cooperation, and jointly contribute to the maintenance of true multilateralism.
Summary: The article highlights China's role in promoting economic globalization and regional cooperation within the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) framework, as the organization prepares for its 32nd Informal Leadership Meeting in South Korea. It emphasizes China's commitment to multilateralism and its contribution to the Asia-Pacific region's economic growth, citing examples like the China-Peru Chancay Port project. The piece underscores China's advocacy for innovation-driven growth, global economic governance reform, and addressing development imbalances within APEC, positioning China as a key player in shaping the future of economic globalization. It notes China's increased trade and investment ties within APEC, its commitment to high-standard trade agreements, and its intention to host the APEC meeting for the third time next year. The article does not directly address the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: During a meeting with Singaporean Prime Minister Lawrence Wong, Chinese Premier Li Qiang conveyed China's desire to deepen bilateral relations in various sectors, including digital and green economies. Li highlighted the recently concluded twentieth Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session as providing strategic direction for China's development. Wong reaffirmed Singapore's commitment to the One China principle and support for strengthened cooperation, specifically in digital and green economies. Both leaders emphasized multilateralism and free trade amid challenges to the global trade system. Following the meeting, they witnessed the signing of cooperation agreements in areas like the digital economy and green development.
Summary: Kim Jong-un visited the Cemetery of the Chinese People's Volunteers in Pyongan Province on October 24 to commemorate the 75th anniversary of their participation in the Korean War. Kim paid respects to the fallen soldiers and to Mao Anying's grave, emphasizing the enduring bond between North Korea and China forged in blood during their shared struggle against imperialism and for socialism. The Korean People's Army honor guard was present and both countries' national anthems were played. The Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) highlighted the sacrifices of the Chinese People's Volunteers in supporting the Korean people and their revolution.
Summary: U.S. and Chinese trade teams began trade consultations in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, on the morning of October 25th. The report identifies Zhang Niansheng, Han Shuo, and Cao Shiyun as the journalists reporting on the event for the publication.
Summary: A Chinese delegation of over 40 representatives and experts attended the 19th UN International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) conference in Busan, South Korea. The delegation was led by the China Satellite Navigation System Management Office and included representatives from various ministries, academies, and state-owned enterprises. Participants, numbering over 300, engaged in discussions regarding system compatibility, interoperability, and high-precision applications for global navigation satellite systems. No mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the context of the conference.
Summary: Following the 20th CPC Central Committee's fourth plenum, various central and state organs and people's organizations convened meetings to study Xi Jinping's important speech and the plenum's spirit, focusing on the "15th Five-Year Plan." Cadres expressed their determination to align their thoughts and actions with the plenum's spirit, emphasizing the importance of upholding the Party's leadership and promoting high-quality development to address uncertainties in the external environment, while also noting both strategic opportunities and risk challenges. The plenum outlined strategic tasks with the goal of advancing Chinese-style modernization, and stressed the importance of further opening up to the world for mutual benefit and win-win cooperation. Cadres emphasized the need to maintain a strong sense of national security, promote socialist democracy and rule of law, and improve people's wellbeing. The article makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: China's National Dairy Technology Innovation Center has successfully developed gene chips for dairy cow breeding, aiming to improve milk production and disease resistance. This advancement fills a gap in China's genetic evaluation technology for dairy cows, shortens breeding cycles, and enhances genetic progress. Dairy company Yili Group has been actively promoting technological innovation to enhance the quality and efficiency of milk production, including the use of intelligent technology in their farms. Yili provides financial and technical support to upstream partners, promoting sustainable development and modernization in the dairy industry.
Summary: Speaking at a commemorative event for the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's "recovery," a high-ranking official emphasized that Taiwan's return to China was a major achievement of the War of Resistance against Japan and a crucial part of the post-war international order. The official stated that reunification is essential for national rejuvenation, and stressed adherence to the "One China Principle," while also condemning both Taiwan independence and foreign interference, alluding to the United States. He further called for increased cross-strait exchange and integration to foster a sense of common community. The official reiterated the commitment to "peaceful reunification" under the "one country, two systems" framework, but warned against any room for separatist activities. He expressed confidence in the eventual reunification and the shared prosperity it would bring for both sides.
Summary: A grand gathering was held on October 25th to commemorate the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's retrocession. The article emphasizes that Taiwan's retrocession was a great victory achieved through the bloody struggles of all Chinese people, including Taiwanese compatriots, and a significant component of the victory of World War II and the post-war international order. It criticizes Lai Ching-te and the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) for their "Taiwan independence" stance, promoting a separate historical view, and defining mainland China as a "hostile force." The article reaffirms the commitment to peaceful reunification under the "one country, two systems" framework and opposes any form of "Taiwan independence." It also suggests continued efforts to promote cross-strait exchange and integration, improving the lives of people on both sides of the strait, and contributing to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Summary: The Taiwan Affairs Office (TAO) held a reception at Diaoyutai State Guesthouse to commemorate the newly established Taiwan Retrocession Day, attended by Taiwanese guests and mainland representatives who had participated in the earlier commemoration event. TAO Director Song Tao stated that the establishment of the day, decided upon by Xi Jinping and enacted through the National People's Congress, demonstrates the will of the people and the nation. He emphasized that this is an action to safeguard the one-China principle, oppose "Taiwan independence" and external interference. Attendees said the action would inspire the Taiwanese people to increase their knowledge of the fact that both sides of the Taiwan Strait belong to one China. Following the reception, Taiwanese guests visited a historical exhibition about the anti-Japanese war efforts of Taiwanese compatriots.
Summary: Several figures from Taiwan and overseas Chinese communities expressed support for the newly established Taiwan Retrocession Day and the associated 80th anniversary commemorations. These figures, including Wu Chen-tien of the New Party, Wu Jung-yuan of the Taiwan Labor Party, and relatives of historical figures, emphasized the importance of the day in remembering shared history and promoting national reunification. Speakers criticized the DPP for not respecting the history of Taiwan's retrocession. They underscored the historical fact that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China and voiced opposition to Taiwanese independence. Participants stated reunification would ensure that China would not be bullied again.
Summary: On the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's Retrocession Day, various events were held in Taiwan, commemorating the end of Japanese colonial rule. Kuomintang Chairman Eric Chu emphasized that Taiwan's retrocession is an undeniable historical fact that should be remembered by future generations. Various groups, including the New Party, organized rallies and parades with slogans emphasizing Chinese identity and unification. Participants expressed concerns about the "de-sinicization" efforts by the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) and the need to remember the shared history between the mainland and Taiwan. These events were framed within the larger context of the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japan. The article does not mention any U.S. involvement or sentiments.
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Summary: The article reports on Dangtu County's integrated healthcare system ("medical community"), which aims to improve basic-level medical services by allowing patients to receive care at local clinics with support from county-level hospitals. A specific instance is highlighted, where a patient received surgery for a uterine fibroid at a township hospital performed by a specialist from the county hospital. This system allows for shared resources, expertise, and standardized drug pricing between the county hospital and local clinics. The goal is to increase the percentage of patients seeking treatment within the county to 90%.
Summary: This article discusses reforms aimed at improving healthcare access in rural China through integrated county-level medical consortia. These reforms involve deploying specialists and advanced equipment to local clinics, promoting telemedicine, and establishing central pharmacies. The goal is to deliver better healthcare resources to rural populations, addressing their urgent medical needs without requiring extensive travel. The article suggests further reform is needed to expand and improve basic public services. These reforms support the government's broader goal of building a healthier China.
Summary: The 14th NPC Standing Committee's 18th session reviewed multiple draft laws, including revisions to laws on environmental protection, public interest litigation, and cybersecurity. Revisions to the draft law on environmental protection include increased funding for agricultural pollution prevention and control. The draft law on cybersecurity includes support for AI technology innovation, infrastructure construction, risk prevention, and the promotion of AI's healthy development. The revised draft emphasizes that cybersecurity work must adhere to the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, implement the overall national security concept, coordinate development and security, and promote the construction of a strong network country.
Summary: The "Art Garden Selections – 2025 National Exhibition of Outstanding Young Artistic Talents," co-sponsored by entities including the Publicity Department of the Central Committee and the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, commenced in Beijing on October 25th. The exhibition aims to cultivate a large cohort of talented artists loyal to Xi Jinping's core leadership, promoting socialist cultural power. The event will highlight over 100 young performers across five artistic categories, with 13 performances scheduled across various theaters. The exhibition seeks to create a high-profile platform for emerging artistic talent. The article makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article emphasizes Xi Jinping's concern for the preservation of black soil in Northeast China, crucial for grain production, referring to it as the "panda of cultivated land" and emphasizing the need for effective protection measures for future generations. The article highlights successful efforts in Heilongjiang Province to rehabilitate eroded land and increase crop yields through measures such as erosion gully treatment, with government subsidies and technological support playing a significant role. The Ministry of Water Resources has invested significantly in the region and is working with local governments to address challenges in black soil protection, including ecological product value transformation. The article mentions that increased national debt has been used to support these efforts. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article highlights Xi Jinping's emphasis on reducing overall logistics costs to enhance industrial competitiveness and economic efficiency, referencing his remarks at the fourth meeting of the Central Finance and Economics Commission on February 23, 2024. It details improvements in rural logistics, specifically mentioning the expansion of postal delivery services in Xinjiang, leading to increased e-commerce and agricultural product sales. These efforts are part of a broader national strategy to build a unified market and improve the flow of goods between urban and rural areas. The piece does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The 2025 International Wudang Tai Chi Cultural Festival commenced in Shiyan, Hubei Province, focusing on the theme of Wudang Tai Chi and global harmony. Hosted by the Shiyan Municipal People's Government and the Hubei Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, the festival includes lectures, tourism cooperation exchanges, a photography exhibition, and a cultural tourism consumption week. The eighth annual Wudang Tai Chi International Friendship Competition, co-organized by the State General Administration of Sport Martial Arts Sports Management Center, will be held concurrently. Since its establishment in 1999, the competition has involved over 10,000 athletes from over 100 countries and regions, including the United States, Canada, and Australia.
Summary: According to BeiDou-3 chief designer Lin Baojun, China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) maintains world-class stability, accuracy, and continuity five years after global networking. New BDS satellites have upgraded onboard atomic clocks and feature new inter-satellite link terminals, enhancing time synchronization and measurement capabilities. The next-generation BDS, slated for completion by 2035, will extend coverage to lunar and deep space, forming a "lunar BeiDou mini-system". China has also successfully constructed the first international Earth-Moon space three-star constellation in Distant Retrograde Orbit (DRO) as an extension of next-generation BDS. Lin Baojun did not mention the United States or any other foreign country in his remarks.
Summary: The article clarifies why GPS navigation using the Beidou system can be inaccurate on overpasses. The complex physical environment of overpasses creates a "city canyon" that obstructs direct signals from navigation satellites like Beidou. This leads to the reception of weaker, reflected signals, causing the phone's GPS to miscalculate its position. The article suggests that improved algorithms will eventually mitigate these issues. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses the evolution of maritime ropes (cables) from basic hemp to high-tech materials, highlighting their crucial role in connecting ships to shore and enabling various marine activities. Modern cables, made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, are stronger and lighter than steel cables, with enhanced corrosion resistance. These advanced cables are now used in ocean engineering, offshore energy, and scientific research, including deep-sea mooring systems like the one used for the "Deep Sea No. 1" oil platform in the South China Sea. Furthermore, the integration of smart technology, such as digital IDs and sensors, is making cable management safer and more reliable.
Summary: China's first international standard in the field of manned spaceflight, ISO/NP14620-5, was officially registered and approved by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Based on China's 30+ years of experience in manned space programs, the standard outlines unified technical guidance and paradigms for safety work applicable to manned spacecraft and related products worldwide. This standard establishes the baseline and threshold for safety in manned space activities, including international cooperation on China's space station. The new standard advances China's global influence in manned spaceflight. It does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A Tianjin University research team has achieved nearly 100% utilization of precious metal atoms in catalytic reactions using a novel "atomic extraction" technique, published in *Science*. This breakthrough significantly improves the catalytic efficiency of propane dehydrogenation to produce propylene, a key process in propylene production. The new method reduces the consumption of precious metals by approximately 90% compared to traditional catalysts. The research aims to reduce reliance on rare metal resources and promote low-carbon, efficient, and sustainable chemical production. Tianjin Normal University, Peking University, and Zhejiang University also participated in the research.
Summary: A joint research team, including the Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, has developed the "Fengdeng Gene Scientist," an AI tool designed to assist researchers in gene function exploration and validation for crop breeding. This AI uses machine learning trained on vast datasets to predict gene-trait relationships and design breeding experiments. The "Fengdeng" model, specifically the rice version, has been used internationally by institutions like the International Rice Research Institute and the Central Rice Research Institute of India. The tool aims to accelerate the identification of beneficial genes for traits like yield, disease resistance, and nutritional enhancements. The team plans to expand the system to cover all species and processes, evolving it into a comprehensive intelligent breeding platform.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to be able to provide a short summary suitable for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: A joint international team including Shandong University and Washington University in St. Louis discovered 9,000-year-old charred azuki bean remains at the Xiaogao site in Shandong, pushing back the known history of azuki bean cultivation in China by 4,000 years. The discovery, published in PNAS, reveals that a "cereal + legume" mixed cropping system existed in the lower Yellow River region as early as 9,000 years ago, showing early agricultural wisdom in China, which is an alternative to the single-origin theory of crops. Researchers from China, the U.S., Japan, and South Korea cooperated on the study. The findings contribute to understanding the diversity of crop domestication and exploring sustainable agricultural paths.
Summary: A special exhibition at the National Museum of China highlights international support for China during the War of Resistance against Japan, showcasing artifacts like Edgar Snow's pen and a model of Norman Bethune's mobile medical kit. The exhibition emphasizes the crucial role of international aid, including from the Soviet Union, India, and the United States (Flying Tigers), in China's victory. Artifacts and stories from individuals like John Rabe are presented to illustrate the sacrifices and contributions of international friends who supported China during its darkest hours. The exhibition seeks to convey messages of truth-seeking, dedication, and global solidarity.
Summary: The Ningbo Tianyi Pavilion, Asia's oldest private library, is using digital technologies like VR and digital twins to preserve and showcase its collection. The library has created virtual exhibitions, a digital museum for overseas display, and a system for ancient text recognition. Restoration efforts, including the Qin ancestral hall, use traditional techniques with meticulous documentation for future generations. A restored stage features performances.
Summary: During the fourth national cultural relic census, Shiyan, Hubei province discovered 924 new cultural relic sites, a 28% discovery rate, and re-examined 3267 immovable cultural relics. The census focused on the Du River basin Paleolithic cultural relics and Wudang Mountain stone carvings. Discoveries include the Nanyan Palace Quarry stone carvings and the Dongqin Village site, enriching the understanding of ancient human activity and Ming Dynasty architecture in the region. To overcome professional and logistical challenges, Shiyan sought external expertise and adopted advanced technology to enhance data collection and analysis. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article describes the ancient pear orchards in Shichuan Town, Gansu Province, known as the "world's first ancient pear orchard." The author recounts a visit to the area, highlighting the significance of the ancient pear trees, some around 500 years old, and their unique agricultural system. The pear trees benefit from irrigation methods that are also centuries old. The author also describes the unique local farming techniques and traditions that are used to care for the trees. The ancient pear orchard system was recognized as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System in May of this year.
Summary: This short text provides contact information for submissions. It also notes that the graphic was designed by Shen Yiling.
Summary: This article discusses the revival of Taizhou Luantan, a traditional opera from Taizhou, Zhejiang, which was near extinction but has seen a resurgence in recent years. The Taizhou municipal government's support and the theater's efforts to retain talent and create original works, such as "Qi Jiguang" and "My Dachen Island," have contributed to its success. They are also trying to keep the original characteristics of this art form, and have been performing in rural areas in order to stay connected to the common people, who are the main consumers of this type of opera. They are trying to grow from this base. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The popularity of *Song Ci* poetry, including musical adaptations, is surging among Chinese youth, allowing them to appreciate traditional aesthetics and wisdom. The author argues that *Song Ci*'s appeal lies in its rich emotional depth and musicality, noting its origins as lyrics for popular songs. Modern musicians are reviving this aspect through new compositions, bringing *Song Ci* to a wider audience and enriching cultural understanding. The author hopes for more exploration of cultural inheritance and development, creating more outstanding works that demonstrate Chinese aesthetic and convey the value of contemporary China.
Summary: China Agricultural University and Sichuan Fine Arts Institute collaborated in Quzhou County, Hebei, to revitalize the village of Qianya through art and design. The universities' joint effort, "Aesthetics Education China: Quzhou Trip," involved students creating art installations, redesigning public spaces, and developing cultural products based on local traditions like grape cultivation and straw weaving. The project aimed to boost the village's appeal, increase tourism, and foster local artistic talent by blending agricultural science with artistic expression. This initiative seeks to establish a replicable co-development model for rural revitalization. The project also aims to act as a model for rural revitalization through the integration of scientific and artistic disciplines.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I am ready to analyze it and provide a concise, five-sentence summary tailored for professional analysts of Chinese politics, prioritizing statements and actions of officials, accompanying individuals, and any relevance to U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The author, Sun Xiaoyun, reflects on the Global Women's Summit and the advancements in women's affairs over the past 30 years, highlighting the "Cultural Exchange, Shared Beauty - National Exhibition of Renowned Women Calligraphers," hosted by the China Calligraphers Association and the National Art Museum of China. The exhibition showcases 100 calligraphy works by female artists, drawing inspiration from historical female figures like Cai Wenji and Wei Shuo, emphasizing women's essential role in calligraphy's history and development. It aims to break stereotypes about women's calligraphy and promote cultural exchange through the art form. The author emphasizes the importance of women in promoting Chinese culture and calligraphy to the world.
Summary: A retrospective exhibit of Ilya Repin's art, titled "Reveries by the Neva River," is being held at the National Museum of China. The exhibit aims to bridge cultural gaps by presenting Repin's art through a Chinese lens, focusing on emotional resonance and thematic storytelling. The curator highlights the use of technology, such as AI and interactive displays mimicking WeChat interfaces, to engage audiences and make Repin more relatable. The goal is to transcend Repin's identity as a "Russian Repin" and present him as a figure of universal human spirit. There was no mention of the United States.
Summary: The article discusses a gathering of Ming dynasty literati, including Fu Han, Si Zhong, and Zhang Sheng, who composed poems to "urge" chrysanthemums to bloom for the Double Ninth Festival. The painter Shen Zhou, a leader in the Wu school of painting, memorialized the event in his painting "Appreciating Chrysanthemums in Pots". Emperor Qianlong later added a poem to the painting, which some believe detracted from the artistic composition. The piece was ultimately collected into Liaoning Provincial Museum. The author is the deputy curator of the Liaoning Provincial Museum.
Summary: The fifth Hangzhou Fiber Art Triennial, themed "Reconstructing the Starry Sky," showcases the global resurgence of fiber art as a cultural medium. The exhibition features 45 artists from 17 countries and regions, exploring the potential of fiber art in a rapidly changing global landscape. It aims to address the future trends of "Global South" culture and art. One exhibit involved 110 volunteers to create a 470 square meter art installation with zodiac imagery. The exhibition also explores the use of fiber to consider industrial production and AI interaction.
Summary: Sichuan Fine Arts Institute has been implementing an "art revitalizing villages" program since 2012. The program emphasizes integrating art into daily life, activating communities, and empowering villagers as cultural creators. The Institute has established partnerships and initiatives, focusing on collaborative creation and long-term engagement to foster trust and sustainable development. This includes integrating digital technology in rural areas. The program aims to transform art from an aesthetic object to a social method, contributing to comprehensive rural revitalization.
Summary: This short snippet provides only contact information for submissions to a "People's Daily" email address and names a graphic designer. It contains no information on Chinese politics, official statements, actions, or U.S.-China relations. Therefore, a summary is not possible.
By: 本报记者 戴林峰 祝大伟
"We must take effective measures to protect the black soil, this 'giant panda of cultivated land,' and leave it to our children and grandchildren."
——Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary, emphasized this during his inspection in Jilin (吉林) on July 22, 2020.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) is always concerned about how to properly handle the relationship between black soil protection and utilization.
"This work is very important!" General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized during his inspection in Jilin (吉林) in July 2020, "The Northeast is one of the three major black soil regions in the world, and it is the 'golden corn belt' and 'hometown of soybeans.' While the black soil is highly productive, it also faces the problem of overdrawing soil fertility. We must take effective measures to protect the black soil, this 'giant panda of cultivated land,' and leave it to our children and grandchildren."
This autumn, good news came from the black soil: Yongfa Village (永发村), Xinsheng Township (新生乡), Baiquan County (拜泉县), Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省), produced "ton-grain fields" in the eroded gully treatment plots – corn yield per mu exceeded 1,000 kilograms! Before the treatment in 2021, the yield per mu was only 300 kilograms.
Erosion gullies, formed by rainstorms, devour cultivated land and divide farmland. Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省) has a total of 115,500 erosion gullies, with a total length of 45,000 kilometers.
The No. 1 Central Document of 2025 proposed "strengthening the treatment of erosion gullies in the Northeast black soil region." To treat the 2,810-meter-long erosion gully in Yongfa Village (永发村), Baiquan County (拜泉县) invested 3.8 million yuan, reducing slopes, building stone cages, and planting shrubs, shrinking the more than 20-meter-deep gully to 5 meters.
"'Fragmented land' has been turned back into 'whole fields,' and the black soil that had become thin, lean, and hard in previous years has regained its oily sheen," said Yang Weijie (杨维杰), a villager in Yongfa Village (永发村), as he scooped up a handful of soil. Nearly 50 mu of Lao Yang's (老杨) 120 mu of cultivated land are adjacent to erosion gullies, and now all have been treated and reclaimed.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "The foundation of grain production lies in cultivated land, the lifeline lies in water conservancy, the way out lies in science and technology, and the driving force lies in policy. These key points must be implemented and put in place one by one."
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) invested a total of 14.406 billion yuan in central funds in the Northeast black soil region, treating 57,300 development-type erosion gullies, protecting approximately 13.74 million mu of cultivated land, and increasing grain production by approximately 330 million jin per year.
"Covering" the black soil with straw returning to the field, with a subsidy of 20 yuan per mu; "relaxing" the black soil with deep plowing operations, with a subsidy of 30 yuan per mu; letting the black soil "breathe" with crop rotation, with a subsidy of 150 yuan per mu... In one year, Lao Yang (老杨) received nearly 20,000 yuan in various subsidies for black soil protection.
Storing grain in the land and storing grain in technology, Lao Yang (老杨) also enjoyed soil testing and fertilizer formulation services, and the black soil "ate" a nutritious meal. In 2024, the average organic matter content of soil in Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省) reached 40.3 grams/kilogram, an increase of 4.1 grams/kilogram compared to 2016.
"Black soil generates 'gold,' which stimulates the farmers' internal motivation," said Zhang Xiaochen (张晓晨), Director of the Soil and Water Conservation Division of the Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Water Resources (黑龙江省水利厅). Baiquan County (拜泉县) is the only national pilot zone for high-quality development of soil and water conservation in the Northeast black soil region, and it is also a grassroots research point of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部).
Zhang Xiaochen (张晓晨) accompanied the research team of the Songliao Water Resources Commission (松辽水利委员会) of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部), stepping on the ridges to go to the countryside to ask for needs. In 2024, the number of erosion gully treatment projects in the Northeast black soil region supported by additional national debt funds reached 27,700, an amount equivalent to the total of the past 10 years. Treatment cannot completely rely on appropriations, and many places are trying to transform the value of ecological products. In response to problems such as difficulty in valuation, difficulty in mortgage, and difficulty in realization, the research team fed back local demands to relevant departments of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部), and quickly received a response.
"Coordination between the ministry and the province, and linkage between the central and local governments, are forging a new path for black soil protection." Feng Wei (冯伟), Director of the Monitoring and Evaluation Division of the Soil and Water Conservation Department of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部), went to Heilongjiang (黑龙江) with the inspection team from May to June last year to conduct on-site research on erosion gully treatment. Based on summarizing the pilot experience of one policy for each place, he guided and promoted the issuance of the *Heilongjiang Province Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Product Value Accounting Guidelines (Trial)* (《黑龙江省水土保持生态产品价值核算指南（试行）》), innovatively adding 4 secondary indicators such as "erosion gully treatment and restoration of cultivated land," so that ecological value assessment has a basis to rely on.
In 2024, "coordinated promotion of erosion gully treatment" was written into the opinions on strengthening cultivated land protection, improving cultivated land quality, and improving the balance of occupation and compensation issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中办) and the General Office of the State Council (国办).
"Opening up new ideas for black soil protection, and doing it quickly once you see it clearly." Xie Wei (谢维), Director of the Ecological Construction Division of the Soil and Water Conservation Department of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部), introduced that as of September this year, provinces in the Songliao River Basin (松辽流域) have completed 7 transactions of newly added cultivated land indicators for erosion gully treatment and ecological product value transformation for soil and water conservation, with a transaction amount of 17.8277 million yuan.
Every inch of land is crucial to the national economy and people's livelihood, and every ridge and mu carries China's rice bowl. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China has cumulatively protected more than 400 million mu of black soil, and promulgated the *Black Soil Protection Law of the People's Republic of China* (《中华人民共和国黑土地保护法》), using "hard measures with teeth" to build a solid foundation for the granary of a major country.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 韩春瑶 李亚楠
"It is imperative to effectively reduce overall social logistics costs, enhance the core competitiveness of industries, and improve the efficiency of economic operations."
——February 23, 2024, Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized at the fourth meeting of the 20th Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission (二十届中央财经委员会)
The comprehensive revitalization of rural areas cannot be achieved without logistics support. Remote and sparsely populated rural areas have long been logistical bottlenecks.
In September 2019, during an inspection in Henan (河南), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must actively develop rural e-commerce and express delivery services, broaden the sales channels for agricultural products, and increase farmers' incomes."
A series of precise and powerful policies have promoted the unimpeded and increasingly smooth flow of logistics "channels": In 2021, the General Office of the State Council (国办) issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of a Rural Postal and Express Logistics System"; the No. 1 Central Document of 2022 proposed accelerating the layout of rural logistics and express delivery outlets and implementing the "Express Delivery to Villages" project; in 2024, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中办) and the General Office of the State Council (国办) jointly issued the "Action Plan for Effectively Reducing Overall Social Logistics Costs"...
In the past two years, Mingkun'ge'er Village (明昆格尔村), Awati Township (阿瓦提乡), Korla City (库尔勒市), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区), has become a free shipping zone for online shopping.
"Ding!" After lunch, Xing Baobao (邢保保), a villager in Mingkun'ge'er Village (明昆格尔村), received a text message that the paper towels he had ordered online a few days ago had arrived. "The speed is quite fast, and the key is free shipping!"
Less than a kilometer from his home is the village's express delivery point, with shelves full of packages. A staff member introduced: "Packages are delivered to the express delivery point through postal and express cooperation. When sending express deliveries, villagers bring the packages here, and the couriers pick them up in a unified manner."
It is necessary to help farmers not only sell their products but also sell them well, and also to allow farmers to buy products and save money. The continuous expansion of express delivery free shipping zones has facilitated the production and lives of the masses and has also become an important window reflecting the cost reduction and efficiency improvement of logistics.
The rural postal and express logistics network is spreading and extending across the vast countryside. Taking Xinjiang (新疆) as an example, as of the end of 2024, Xinjiang (新疆) had 1,537 postal universal service business outlets and 7,920 village-level postal and express logistics comprehensive service stations (village postal stations), basically achieving full coverage of express delivery services in administrative villages.
To achieve free shipping for express deliveries, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Postal Administration (新疆维吾尔自治区邮政管理局) facilitated cooperation between postal express enterprises and e-commerce platforms, established transit and distribution warehouses in Xi'an (西安), Shaanxi (陕西), Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江), and other places, and launched a new express delivery model of first sending national express deliveries to the distribution warehouse and then centrally and uniformly sending them to Xinjiang (新疆), leveraging economies of scale to significantly reduce transportation costs. "Even fresh products with high timeliness requirements can now be shipped for free," said Xing Baobao (邢保保).
The increasingly dense logistics network is helping more and more distinctive agricultural products reach all parts of the country. In 2024, the ratio of express delivery receipts to deliveries in Xinjiang (新疆) narrowed from 3.05:1 in the previous year to 2.54:1, the online retail sales in rural areas increased by 18.18% year-on-year, and the online retail sales of agricultural products increased by 14.08% year-on-year.
Looking at the whole country, 346,000 village-level postal and express logistics comprehensive service stations have been built, the coverage rate of express delivery services in administrative villages exceeds 95%, and more than 100 million express delivery packages flow in rural areas every day. In Shaanxi (陕西), agricultural products such as apples and kiwis are leaving the mountains along the express delivery network; in Yunnan (云南), flowers, coffee, and other products are spreading their fragrance overseas through cross-border logistics... The continuous improvement of the rural postal and express logistics system has powerfully promoted the flow of urban and rural resources and factors and stimulated the driving force for rural development.
Consumer goods going to the countryside and villages, and agricultural products going out of the villages and into the cities, with smoother urban-rural circulation, is a vivid reflection of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) concern for "allowing the masses to obtain tangible and visible benefits."
As the construction of a unified national market deepens, the "capillaries" of highways, railways, waterways, aviation, and other networks are continuously enriched, logistics become more convenient and smooth, injecting surging power into efficient economic operation.
Looking at land transport, the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing (成渝) main axis highway logistics park is racing against time, striving towards the goal of overall operation by the end of the year. After the project is completed, it will become the largest highway logistics hub in the central region of the Chengdu-Chongqing (成渝) main axis.
Looking at water transport, the Jianghuai Canal (江淮运河), which is fully navigable, has changed the history of water transport between the Huai River (淮河) region and the Yangtze River (长江) region detouring through the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (京杭大运河), significantly shortening the channel mileage and voyage cycle.
Looking at air transport, Ezhou Huahu International Airport (鄂州花湖国际机场), Asia's first professional cargo hub airport, has cargo routes extending outwards, building an air cargo network radiating Asia, connecting Europe and the United States, and reaching Africa.
With smoother logistics channels, the economic pulse is stronger. On the new journey, continuously promoting the reduction of logistics costs and the improvement of quality and efficiency will further smooth the national economic cycle and help improve the efficiency of economic operations.
Return to TopBy: 本报评论员
The direction is correct, the goals are clear, and the path is distinct. In planning and deploying economic and social development for the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) clarified the guiding ideology and main goals, and proposed the important principle of "six persistences" that must be followed, providing action guidance for striving to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
The guiding ideology for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, as determined by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, is based on coordinating the two major situations, both domestic and international, grasping the historical position and development stage of the Party and the country's cause, and analyzing the profound and complex changes facing China's development environment. It is rich in content and highly instructive. Based on the basic positioning and phased requirements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the plenary session, after in-depth research and scientific argumentation, proposed the main goals of economic and social development in seven aspects, encouraging and inspiring the entire Party and the people of the whole country to unremittingly strive for the basic realization of socialist modernization.
To implement the guiding ideology, achieve the main goals, and ensure decisive progress in the basic realization of socialist modernization, the key is to deeply grasp and implement the important principle of "six persistences": adhering to the Party's overall leadership, adhering to putting the people first, adhering to high-quality development, adhering to comprehensively deepening reform, adhering to combining an effective market and a capable government, and adhering to coordinating development and security. The guiding ideology and the important principle of "six persistences" determined by the plenary session are a scientific summary of the experience of economic and social development since the reform and opening up, especially in the new era. They are a major achievement of our Party's continuous deepening of the understanding of the laws of economic and social development, demonstrating the worldview and methodology of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and providing basic guidelines for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
Here, we will focus on in-depth interpretation of "adhering to the Party's overall leadership" and "adhering to combining an effective market and a capable government" to deepen understanding.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, we all personally experienced and witnessed the extraordinary and remarkable development process of our country, and more deeply understood why the key to running China's affairs well lies in the Party. From withstanding the severe impact of the century's epidemic, to effectively responding to external containment and suppression, and then to decisively deploying a package of incremental policies to effectively boost market confidence... all the way through overcoming difficulties, wading through dangerous shoals, responding to changes, and opening up new situations, the Party and the country's cause have achieved new major achievements, fundamentally due to the leadership and steering of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
"Only by unswervingly adhering to the Party's leadership can Chinese-style modernization have a bright future and be prosperous and flourishing," this is the conclusion given by history and practice. During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, China's development strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertain and unpredictable factors increase. Resolutely safeguarding the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, grasping the direction, planning the overall situation, setting policies, and promoting reform, and running the Party's leadership through all aspects and the entire process of economic and social development, can provide a fundamental guarantee for promoting Chinese-style modernization.
"Developing a socialist market economy is a great creation of our Party. The key is to handle the relationship between the government and the market well, so that the market plays a decisive role in resource allocation, and the government plays a better role." A key factor in the great success of China's economic development is that we have both leveraged the strengths of the market economy and the advantages of the socialist system. Adhering to the combination of an effective market and a capable government is an important method for doing economic work well.
The market is the most scarce resource, and the ultra-large-scale market is where our country's advantage lies. How to continuously amplify this advantage? Combining the "invisible hand" and the "visible hand" is an important way. In recent years, relying on the market to provide diversified supply and services, and through government guidance and "real money" support, large-scale equipment renewal and consumer goods trade-in policies have boosted domestic demand and benefited enterprises and people, becoming a vivid footnote to the coordinated efforts of an effective market and a capable government.
The more standardized government behavior is, the more effective the market's role will be. From the introduction of the "National Unified Market Construction Guidelines (Trial Implementation)" to the iterative release of five versions of the market access negative list; from the centralized cleanup of regulations and practices that hinder the national unified market and fair competition, to the evaluation of the consistency of newly introduced policies with macroeconomic policy orientation... the in-depth promotion of the construction of a national unified market has enhanced the resilience, injected momentum, and released the potential for China's development.
Currently, China's development has many favorable factors and significant advantages. To promote economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the key is to grasp development opportunities, seize the window of time, consolidate and expand advantages, adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system, coordinate the relationship between an effective market and a capable government, make full use of the "two hands," build a unified and open, competitive and orderly market system, build a rule-of-law economy and a credit economy, and create a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized.
Having traveled through thousands of mountains and rivers, we still need to climb mountains and wade through rivers. Marching towards the second centenary goal, implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会), implementing the important principle of "six persistences" in practice, 咬定青山不放松 (yǎo dìng qīng shān bù fàng sōng - "lock onto the green hills and not relax," to remain steadfast in one's goals) and moving forward regardless of wind and rain, we will surely win the initiative, win the advantage, and win the future on the new journey.
Return to TopBy: 新华社记者
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which just successfully concluded, deliberated and approved the "Proposals of the CPC Central Committee for Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development." A series of major goals, tasks, and strategic deployments provide guidance and inspire progress, triggering enthusiastic responses among the vast number of Party members and cadres in central and state organs and people's organizations.
Following the conclusion of the Plenary Session, central and state organs and people's organizations promptly convened Party group (Party committee) meetings, special meetings, and other forms to convey and study the important speech of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee and the spirit of the Plenary Session, rapidly setting off a wave of study and implementation.
Everyone expressed that they must profoundly understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishes" and resolutely achieve the "Two Safeguards," practically unify their thoughts and actions with the spirit of the Plenary Session, firmly promote the spirit of historical initiative, adhere to integrity and innovation, be pragmatic and responsible, draw a blueprint to the end, and create new glories on the new journey of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
Great Achievements Mark a Brand New Starting Point
"'The '14th Five-Year Plan' period was an extremely unusual and extraordinary period in China's development." Party members and cadres from the Central Social Work Department, the Ministry of Finance (财政部), and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部) stated that, facing the complex and volatile international situation and the arduous and heavy domestic reform, development, and stability tasks, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core united and led the people to overcome difficulties and forge ahead, withstood the severe impact of the century-long pandemic, effectively responded to a series of major risks and challenges, and took new and solid steps in Chinese-style modernization, laying a good foundation for the new journey toward the second centenary goal. The achievements were hard-won, and the experience is invaluable, requiring greater cherishment and long-term adherence.
The Plenary Session pointed out that the "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for consolidating the foundation and fully exerting efforts to basically realize socialist modernization, and it holds an important position of linking the past and opening up the future in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization.
Party members and cadres from the Work Committee of the Central and State Organs, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外交部), the National Audit Office (审计署), and the All-China Women's Federation (全国妇联) stated that the Plenary Session made top-level design and strategic planning for the next five years of development, which is another general mobilization and general deployment to take advantage of the momentum and continue to advance the construction of Chinese-style modernization. It will surely guide us to better realize the grand blueprint drawn by the 20th CPC National Congress, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, and continue to write new chapters of rapid economic development and long-term social stability in the new era and new journey, and constantly create new situations in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
Party members and cadres from the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部), the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民委), and the Ministry of Justice (司法部) believe that China's development environment is currently facing profound and complex changes, with strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexisting, and increasing uncertain and unpredictable factors. We must concentrate our efforts on doing our own things well, give full play to the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the advantages of a super-large-scale market, the advantages of a complete industrial system, and the advantages of abundant human resources, transform the advantages in all aspects into the actual effectiveness of high-quality development, promote the effective improvement of quality and the reasonable growth of quantity in the economy, and respond to the drastic changes in the external environment with the certainty of our own high-quality development, and firmly grasp the initiative of development.
The vast number of Party members and cadres from central and state organs and people's organizations stated that the new major achievements made by the Party and the country during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period are fundamentally due to the leadership and helm of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and to the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. At a new starting point, to fully realize the "15th Five-Year Plan" blueprint goals, we must unswervingly use the Party's innovative theories to strengthen our minds and souls, adhere to and strengthen the Party's overall leadership, resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, integrate the Party's leadership into all aspects and the entire process of economic and social development, continuously improve the Party's ability and level to lead economic and social development, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization.
Scientific Deployment Points Out the Direction of Advancement
Party members and cadres from the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), the Ministry of Transport (交通运输部), and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (全国总工会) stated that the Plenary Session grasped the phased requirements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, clearly put forward the principles that economic and social development must follow, and deployed strategic tasks that have major traction, driving, and supporting roles in promoting Chinese-style modernization in various fields, marking the continuous deepening of our Party's understanding of economic and social development, and possessing strong ideological, strategic, and guiding significance. We must fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, adhere to the combination of an effective market and a capable government, and continuously consolidate and strengthen the foundation of the real economy, and continuously improve the quality and resilience of development.
Party members and cadres from the Ministry of Education (教育部), the Ministry of Science and Technology (科技部), and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) believe that during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, we must firmly seize the opportunities of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, give full play to the advantages of the new type of national system, and actively seize the commanding heights in new-generation information technology, artificial intelligence, quantum technology, biomedicine, and other fields. We must coordinate the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent, strengthen original innovation and tackling key core technologies, comprehensively enhance independent innovation capabilities, improve the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system, and continuously improve total factor productivity, injecting strong impetus into developing new quality productive forces and promoting high-quality development.
"Opening up is an important magic weapon for promoting reform and development." Party members and cadres from the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (中联部), the Ministry of Commerce (商务部), and the People's Bank of China (中国人民银行) stated that the Plenary Session made deployments and arrangements for expanding high-level opening up, releasing a strong signal that China adheres to open cooperation and mutual benefit and win-win results. We must further comprehensively deepen reform, promote the socialist market economic system to be more perfect, and the high-level opening-up system and mechanism to be more sound, smooth the domestic and international dual circulation, and share opportunities and develop together with countries around the world.
On October 24, the Party Group of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) held a meeting emphasizing the need to align with the strategic tasks and major measures determined in the proposals, and make overall arrangements for the work of the National People's Congress in the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan." The Party Group of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协党组) convened a meeting to deliberate and approve the "Work Plan of the Party Group of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference on Deeply Studying, Publicizing, and Implementing the Spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee."
"We must implement the spirit of the Plenary Session, promote the construction of socialist democracy and the rule of law, and implement whole-process people's democracy in all aspects of governing the country." Party members and cadres from the organs of the National People's Congress and the organs of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference stated that during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, we must unswervingly follow the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, ensure that the people are the masters of the country, continuously promote the institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of socialist democratic politics, transform institutional advantages into governance effectiveness, and let socialist democratic politics radiate with vigorous vitality.
High-level security is the prerequisite for development, and without high-level security, there is no high-quality development.
Party members and cadres from the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission (中央政法委), the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院), the Supreme People's Procuratorate (最高人民检察院), and the Ministry of State Security (国安部) stated that they must base themselves on their job responsibilities, strengthen bottom-line thinking, adhere to planning national security and economic and social development together, effectively prevent and resolve various risks and challenges, continuously promote the modernization of the national security system and capabilities, build a higher level of safe China, improve the social governance system, and guarantee the new development pattern with a new security pattern, and promote the virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security.
Pooling Strength to Create New Great Undertakings
One-part deployment, nine-part implementation. Studying and implementing the spirit of the Plenary Session is a major political task for the entire Party and the entire country in the current and future periods.
After the Plenary Session, the Ministry of Veterans Affairs studied and formulated 13 implementation measures in 4 aspects; the Ministry of Civil Affairs studied and deployed the preparation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" for the development of civil affairs; the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, combined with the requirements of the Plenary Session and its own responsibilities, planned to carry out urban renewal and other work with high quality...
"The goals and tasks are the main direction and work orientation." Party members and cadres from the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央统战部), the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (人力资源社会保障部), and the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) stated that they must focus on the central tasks of the Party and the country, benchmark against the spirit of the Plenary Session, and grasp implementation, adhere to macro-level perspective and micro-level approach, conduct in-depth investigations and research, clarify the task book, timetable, and roadmap for promoting reform and development in the coming period, use the spirit of **钉钉子** (dīng dīng zi - "nailing nails," to do things with a persistent and meticulous spirit) and the energy of **抓铁有痕、踏石留印** (zhuā tiě yǒu hén, tà shí liú yìn - "grasp iron leave mark, step stone leave print," to leave a mark with every effort; to be resolute and persistent in one's work), implement the deployments and requirements of the Plenary Session, fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of all parties, and promote new progress and new breakthroughs in Chinese-style modernization.
Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of step-by-step advancement and continuous development and progress, requiring unremitting efforts and continuous struggle.
"On the road ahead, we must adhere to promoting the spirit of struggle, and be brave in facing major tests with strong winds and high waves, and even stormy seas." Party members and cadres from the Ministry of Public Security (公安部), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部), the Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部), and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League (共青团中央) stated that they must adhere to the unity of goal orientation and problem orientation, better consolidate and expand advantages, break through bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weaknesses and shortcomings, and improve the quality and efficiency of development. We must actively recognize changes, respond to changes, and seek changes, maintain strategic focus, enhance the confidence to win, dare to struggle and be good at struggling, overcome difficulties, fight risks, meet challenges, and promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and continuously open up new horizons for the development of the cause.
Party members and cadres from the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部), the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), and the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) stated that Chinese-style modernization is people-centered. During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, we must consistently focus on the people's happiness as the "major task of the country," effectively grasp people's livelihood security, solve the urgent and difficult problems of the people, focus on promoting the coordinated development of socialist spiritual civilization and material civilization, improve the quality of people's lives in high-quality development, and expand development space in continuously meeting the needs of people's livelihood, so that Chinese-style modernization has the most reliable, deepest, and most lasting source of power.
To govern a country, one must first govern the Party, and only when the Party is strong can the country be strong.
Party members and cadres from the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关), the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部), and the Central Party School (National Academy of Governance) (中央党校（国家行政学院）) stated that they must deeply study and understand Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, always maintain the sobriety and determination to solve the unique problems of a large party, adhere to strictness as the keynote, and self-revolution, with the tenacity and perseverance of always being on the road, unswervingly promote the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, further enhance the political functions and organizational functions of Party organizations, give play to the exemplary and leading role of Party members, and continuously enhance the Party's political leadership, ideological guidance, mass organization, and social appeal, adhere to leading social revolution with self-revolution, and provide a strong guarantee for achieving the goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
Unity is strength, and unity leads to victory.
The vast number of Party members and cadres from central and state organs and people's organizations stated that on the new journey toward the second centenary goal, we must unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, **不忘初心** (bù wàng chū xīn - "not forget original intention," to stay true to one's mission), have firm confidence, and struggle forever, step by step turn the "15th Five-Year Plan" blueprint into reality, and continuously create a new situation in comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 25)
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Singapore on October 25th (Reporter Wang Di (王迪), Bai Yuanqi (白元琪)) Local time, October 25th, State Council Premier Li Qiang (李强) held talks with Singaporean Prime Minister Lawrence Wong (黄循财) at the Singapore Parliament House.
Li Qiang (李强) stated that in June of this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) met with Prime Minister Wong (黄循财) in Beijing (北京), charting the course for the development of China-Singapore relations in the next stage. China is willing to work with Singapore to follow the strategic guidance of the two countries' leaders, uphold the original aspiration of establishing diplomatic relations, carry forward traditional friendship, consolidate political mutual trust, expand pragmatic cooperation, promote the continuous deepening and consolidation of bilateral relations, better serve the modernization construction of the two countries, and make greater contributions to regional peace, stability, and development.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that recently, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) reviewed and approved the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal, making top-level design and strategic planning for China's development in the next 5 years or even longer. China is willing to strengthen development alignment with Singapore, give full play to the role of the China-Singapore bilateral cooperation mechanism, maintain a good growth momentum in two-way trade and investment, further improve and strengthen key cooperation projects such as the Suzhou Industrial Park (苏州工业园区) and the Tianjin Eco-City (天津生态城), deepen cooperation in digital economy, green economy, artificial intelligence, new energy, biomedicine, and other fields, and actively expand third-party cooperation. China welcomes more Singaporean companies to invest in China and hopes that Singapore will continue to provide support for Chinese companies operating in Singapore. The two sides should strengthen the exchange of experience in areas such as people's livelihood security and employment promotion, better work together for development through mutual learning, and strengthen cooperation in culture, tourism, education, media, youth, and other fields to continuously enhance mutual understanding and friendship. At present, the multilateral trading system is facing severe challenges. China is willing to work with Singapore to implement the major global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平), strengthen communication and coordination in mechanisms such as the United Nations (联合国), oppose unilateralism and protectionism, safeguard free trade and economic globalization, and promote the development of the international order in a more just and reasonable direction.
Lawrence Wong (黄循财) congratulated the successful convening of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), and said that this year marks the 35th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Singapore and China. The current bilateral relations are developing well, the friendship between the two countries is continuously deepening, mutually beneficial cooperation is expanding, and the results are fruitful. The Singapore government adheres to the one-China principle and firmly opposes "Taiwan independence" ("台独"). Singapore is willing to work closely with China on high-level exchanges, strengthen the exchange of experience in governance, promote landmark major projects such as the Suzhou Industrial Park (苏州工业园区) and connectivity cooperation, create new growth points for cooperation in green economy, digital economy, and artificial intelligence, actively carry out third-party cooperation, promote cultural exchanges, and continuously enrich the connotation of the Singapore-China all-round high-quality forward-looking partnership. Singapore is full of confidence in China's development and is willing to continue to invest in China. Singapore supports the Global Development Initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平) and is willing to strengthen multilateral cooperation with China, safeguard free trade, adhere to multilateralism, and make unremitting efforts to promote regional and even global stability and prosperity.
After the talks, the two prime ministers jointly witnessed the exchange of a number of cooperation documents in the fields of digital economy, green development, information and communication, transportation, food safety, emergency management, and third-party cooperation.
Prior to the talks, Lawrence Wong (黄循财) held a welcoming ceremony for Li Qiang (李强) at the Parliament House.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on October 25th (Reporter Zhang Shuo (张烁)) A conference commemorating the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's Retrocession was held in Beijing on the 25th. Wang Huning (王沪宁), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, attended and delivered a speech. (For the full text of the speech, see page 3.) He stated that it is necessary to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech at the conference commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, to broadly unite and rally Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad, to jointly remember history, defend achievements, safeguard our homeland, and create a shared future, to jointly create lasting well-being for the Chinese nation, and to continue writing new glories in the history of the Chinese nation.
Wang Huning (王沪宁) stated that the victory of the War of Resistance and the retrocession of Taiwan are great victories for the entire nation and the common great glory of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation. The Party and the state's establishment of "Taiwan Retrocession Day" demonstrates the firm stance of people of all ethnic groups across the country in adhering to the One China principle and safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity, reflects the common aspirations of Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad, including Taiwan compatriots, demonstrates the firm will of the Communist Party of China to unswervingly undertake historical missions and unswervingly achieve the complete reunification of the motherland, consolidates the universal consensus of the international community in adhering to the fact that there is only one China in the world and that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, and will surely inspire compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait to inherit and carry forward the patriotic tradition and the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and to jointly strive for the complete reunification of the motherland and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Wang Huning (王沪宁) stated that at this important moment of remembering history and creating a shared future, compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait should jointly shoulder the historical responsibility of promoting the national spirit with patriotism as its core, the historical responsibility of safeguarding the common homeland of the Chinese nation, the historical responsibility of promoting the peaceful development of cross-Strait relations, and the historical responsibility of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must adhere to the "peaceful reunification, one country, two systems" principle, adhere to the One China principle and the "1992 Consensus" (九二共识), jointly protect the significant achievements of the victory of the War of Resistance, jointly promote the great cause of national reunification, and never leave any room for various forms of "Taiwan independence" separatist activities. We must adhere to deepening cross-Strait exchanges and integration, forging a sense of community of the Chinese nation, adhere to safeguarding the overall interests of the Chinese nation, sharing the beautiful prospects of national reunification, and adhere to uniting compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait to jointly create the glorious cause of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Li Ganjie (李干杰), a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and head of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, presided over the conference. Su Hui (苏辉), Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and Chairman of the Central Committee of the Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League, Wu Rongyuan (吴荣元), Chairman of the Taiwan Labor Party, Yang Pinhua (杨品骅), a Taiwan youth, and Xu Xiao (徐晓), Chairman of the All-China Youth Federation, spoke at the conference.
Wang Yi (王毅), Yin Li (尹力), Liu Guozhong (刘国中), Li Shulei (李书磊), Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠), Zhang Youxia (张又侠), Zheng Jianbang (郑建邦), Ding Zhongli (丁仲礼), Cai Dafeng (蔡达峰), He Wei (何维), Wu Weihua (武维华), Shao Hong (邵鸿), Gao Yunlong (高云龙), Wang Dongfeng (王东峰), Jiang Zuojun (蒋作君), He Baoxiang (何报翔), Wang Guangqian (王光谦), Yang Zhen (杨震), Xia Baolong (夏宝龙) and others attended the conference.
Approximately 500 people attended the conference, including responsible comrades from relevant departments of the central Party, government, military, and mass organizations and Beijing (北京市), responsible comrades from the central committees of various democratic parties and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and non-party figures, representatives from all sectors of the capital and experts and scholars, representatives of Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan compatriots and overseas Chinese, and foreign envoys to China and representatives of international organizations in China.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 吴 勇 赵景锋
Inner Mongolia Hohhot (内蒙古呼和浩特), news from the National Dairy Technology Innovation Center:
The "Dairy Cow Germplasm Embryo Genome Genetic Evaluation Chip" and the "'High Yield, Disease Resistance, Long Production Life' Function-Enhanced Genome Prediction Chip" have been successfully developed. This breakthrough fills the gap in China's dairy cow gene chip detection and genetic evaluation technology, while shortening the breeding cycle, improving genetic progress efficiency, and promoting China's dairy industry to take a key step towards "seed source independence."
China's average annual milk yield per cow has increased from 2.6 tons in 2000 to 9.9 tons in 2024, with large-scale farms generally exceeding 11 tons, ranking among the world's best. Chinese dairy companies, represented by Yili Group (伊利集团), are focusing on the goal of quality improvement and continuously empowering the high-quality development of the industry with technological innovation.
Focusing on Innovation, Strengthening Scientific Research
"In the past, we had to wait until the next generation of dairy cows produced milk before we could verify the quality of their genes, which was a long and inefficient process," said Li Xihe (李喜和), Executive Director of the Dairy Cow Breeding Research Center of the National Dairy Technology Innovation Center. Now, by extracting the genes of calves, we can complete multi-dimensional testing of production performance, body shape, and appearance, greatly shortening the generation interval for dairy cow genetic improvement.
This technological breakthrough is a microcosm of China's dairy industry's continued focus on technological innovation.
Since its establishment, the National Dairy Technology Innovation Center has carried out 222 scientific research projects, applied for 146 patents, and continuously tackled problems in the fields of dairy germplasm, intelligent breeding, and quality testing, promoting the deep integration of technological innovation and industry.
Walking into the Yili Chilechuan (伊利敕勒川) Ecological Intelligent Ranch in Hohhot (呼和浩特), intelligent breeding scenes come into view: intelligent collars worn by dairy cows capture data in real-time, and quickly provide early warnings if there are any abnormalities; Internet of Things sensors precisely regulate the temperature and humidity of the cowshed, creating a "livable environment" for dairy cows; facial recognition technology links with sprinkler systems to increase humidity and cool down dairy cows as needed... The application of a series of new technologies has shifted breeding from "experience-driven" to "data-driven."
"After the intelligent transformation, the ranch's benefits have been qualitatively improved," said Liu Qi (刘琪), Livestock Director Engineer of the Yili Dairy Cow Science Research Institute, who calculated an income increase: the milk production of each dairy cow has increased by more than 10%, and the reduction in labor costs has led to a 12% increase in the ranch's benefits. In the first half of this year, the daily milk yield per cow in Yili's cooperative ranches increased by 1.66 kg year-on-year, and the comprehensive management cost decreased by 0.31 yuan/kg. The synchronous implementation of the raw milk intelligent logistics platform not only ensures freshness throughout the process but also reduces costs by more than 10 million yuan per year.
Quality improvement requires both "good production" and "strict management." In Yili's milking workshop, fresh raw milk is sent directly to milk tanker trucks through closed pipelines after being cooled, without any external contact throughout the process. In the factory entry stage, each batch of raw milk must undergo more than 100 strict tests to ensure that all indicators of the product meet the standards.
Han Jiyu (韩吉雨), head of raw milk quality technology at Yili Group (伊利集团), introduced that Yili's raw milk protein, fat, and other indicators have been rapidly improved. "This is the confidence that technological innovation has given us."
Real-time Monitoring, Intelligent Quality Inspection
In Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗), Hohhot (呼和浩特), the Yili Modern Intelligent Health Valley (伊利现代智慧健康谷), a modern "food technology city," has sprung up. Walking into the park, silver shining pipelines are intertwined, intelligent equipment operates smoothly, and products such as milk powder and milk flow orderly on the production line.
In the factory control room, the numbers on the giant screen are constantly flashing, and information such as raw material inventory, equipment temperature, and energy consumption is clear at a glance. "This is our intelligent production management system, which realizes automatic data collection and real-time analysis of the entire process," said Li Jie (李杰), the factory director. Taking formula milk powder as an example, more than 20 key indicators can be tested within 1 minute to ensure that the parameters of each batch of products are stable and up to standard.
"In order to eliminate pollution, the air in the production workshop must be filtered through 3 layers, and the cleanliness reaches the 100,000-level pharmaceutical standard," Li Jie (李杰) introduced. The workshop has strict control over pressure difference, noise, temperature, and humidity. The processes of milk powder ingredients, homogenization, concentration sterilization, and spray drying into powder are all carried out in closed pipelines to ensure cleanliness and safety.
From precise batching at the 100-ton level to pharmaceutical-grade cleanliness standards, from dual testing systems to "one item, one code" traceability, from intelligent manufacturing to artificial intelligence quality inspection, Yili (伊利) integrates technology into every aspect of production. "The application of new technologies is always aimed at improving product quality," said Xu Fadong (徐法东), the factory's quality director. Whether it is intelligent equipment upgrades or detection standard optimization, the ultimate goal is to better meet consumers' needs for high-quality dairy products.
In the first half of this year, Yili's (伊利) development presented a double leap of "quantity" and "quality," achieving a total operating income of 61.933 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.37%; net profit attributable to the parent company after deducting non-recurring gains and losses was 7.016 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 31.78%, and its performance reached a new historical high.
Strengthening Cooperation, Synergistic Development
Walking into the Hengfu Ranch (恒富牧场) in Tuoketuo County (托克托县), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), rancher Luo Liheng (罗利恒) is using a smart terminal to view the herd's feeding data. Who would have thought that this modern ranch, which now has more than 12,000 heads of cattle, only had 500 heads of cattle at the beginning of its establishment. The transformation from a small ranch to a large-scale base is a vivid portrayal of Yili Group (伊利集团) driving the synergistic development of its partners through in-depth cooperation with upstream ranches.
In 2017, Hengfu Ranch (恒富牧场) reached a cooperation agreement with Yili (伊利), opening a course of all-round empowerment of "technology + capital + management."
In the early stage of cooperation, Yili (伊利) sent a technical team and a service team to the site to develop solutions to problems such as low calf survival rate and non-standard feeding standards, which significantly improved the ranch's milk yield per cow. At the same time, Yili (伊利) provided the ranch with more than 200 million yuan in loan financing to support its upgrading of breeding facilities and the introduction of high-quality cattle herds.
"What Yili (伊利) brought was not only technology and capital, but also changed our breeding concepts," Luo Liheng (罗利恒) said with emotion. In the past, he only thought about "producing more milk," but now he pays more attention to "producing good milk." This shift from "emphasizing output" to "improving quality" has put the ranch on a path of sustainable development. Today, Hengfu Ranch's (恒富牧场) daily milk yield per cow has increased by more than 10 kg compared to the beginning of production, the number of dairy cows has increased by 24 times, and the number of ranches has increased to 3, becoming a benchmark for local dairy industry revitalization.
Such stories are constantly being staged on Yili's (伊利) industrial chain. As of July 31, Yili (伊利) has provided financial support to 14,716 upstream and downstream partners in the industrial chain, with a cumulative financing amount of 185.215 billion yuan; it has formed a service team of more than 1,000 people, providing free on-site technical service assistance to cooperative ranches more than 100,000 times each year, driving an increase in income of 16 billion yuan for cooperative ranches, benefiting 5.6 million farmers and herdsmen. Under the leadership of Yili (伊利), more and more ranches are realizing the transition from traditional breeding to modernization and intelligence.
"The responsibility of leading enterprises is not only their own development, but also to drive the joint upgrading of the industrial chain," said Liu Chunxi (刘春喜), Senior Executive President of Yili Group (伊利集团). At present, all of Yili's (伊利) cooperative ranches have fully realized large-scale, standardized, intensive, and intelligent breeding. "This model not only enhances the competitiveness of individual ranches but also activates the vitality of the entire dairy industry chain, injecting power into promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside and agricultural modernization."
Return to TopBeijing, October 25th (People's Daily reporter Zheng Haiou (郑海鸥)) -- The reporter learned from the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部) that, according to the sampling survey statistics of domestic residents' travel, in the first three quarters of this year, the number of domestic residents' trips was 4.998 billion, an increase of 761 million over the same period last year, a year-on-year increase of 18.0%. Among them, the number of domestic trips by urban residents was 3.789 billion, a year-on-year increase of 15.9%; the number of domestic trips by rural residents was 1.209 billion, a year-on-year increase of 25.0%.
In the first three quarters, domestic residents' travel spending was 4.85 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.50 trillion yuan over the same period last year, a year-on-year increase of 11.5%. Among them, urban residents' travel spending was 4.05 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 9.3%; rural residents' travel spending was 0.80 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 24.0%.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Singapore dispatch on October 25th (Reporters Wang Di (王迪) and Bai Yuanqi (白元琪)) On the morning of October 25, 2025, at the invitation of Prime Minister Lawrence Wong (黄循财) of the Republic of Singapore, Premier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) departed Beijing (北京) by special plane for an official visit to Singapore.
On the afternoon of October 25, local time, Li Qiang (李强) arrived at Changi Airport (樟宜机场) in Singapore by special plane. Singapore's Minister of State and Minister for Communications and Information Josephine Teo (杨莉明), and Chinese Ambassador to Singapore Cao Zhongming (曹忠明) were at the airport to greet him.
Li Qiang (李强) stated that in the 35 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Singapore, the relations between the two countries have maintained a good momentum of development. The two sides have continuously deepened political mutual trust, achieved fruitful pragmatic cooperation, and have increasingly close cultural exchanges, becoming a model of mutual learning and mutual benefit and win-win cooperation.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that in recent years, under the strategic guidance of President Xi Jinping (习近平) and Singaporean leaders, China-Singapore relations have further developed, establishing an all-round high-quality future-oriented partnership. Cooperation in various fields has continued to deepen and become more practical, bringing more benefits to the people of both countries and making positive contributions to regional peace and development. China is willing to work with Singapore to strengthen the alignment of development strategies, comprehensively expand mutually beneficial cooperation, continue to work together on the path of modernization, and contribute greater strength to maintaining true multilateralism and promoting common regional development.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 俞懿春 张志文
The 32nd APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting will be held soon in Gyeongju, South Korea. Over the past 30 years since its establishment, APEC has propelled Asia-Pacific development and economic globalization onto a fast track, always staying at the forefront of global opening-up and development, injecting strong vitality into building an open world economy and leading economic globalization, and helping the Asia-Pacific region become today's world economic growth center, a global anchor of stability, and a high ground for cooperation.
As a member of the Asia-Pacific family, China's development has benefited from the Asia-Pacific region, and it has also reciprocated and benefited the Asia-Pacific region with its own development. China has always stood on the right side of history, firmly upholding and practicing true multilateralism, promoting steady and long-term economic globalization, and contributing solid strength to the prosperity and progress of the Asia-Pacific region.
Conforming to the general trend, adhering to mutual benefit and win-win results, and achieving mutual success.
Not long ago, a cargo ship loaded with exhibits for the 8th China International Import Expo set sail from the Port of Chancay in Peru, crossing the vast Pacific Ocean to reach Shanghai. Last year, on the eve of the 31st APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting, the Port of Chancay, a key project jointly built by China and Peru with high quality under the "Belt and Road" initiative, was officially opened. This new land-sea corridor in the Asia-Pacific region in the new era is a vivid portrayal of the Asia-Pacific's openness, connectivity, and vitality.
From 1993 to 2023, the average tariff level in the Asia-Pacific region has dropped from 17% to 5%; from 1989 to 2022, the total trade in goods and services in the APEC region increased from US$3.1 trillion to US$30 trillion, with an average annual growth rate much higher than the trade growth rate in other regions of the world; currently, preferential trade agreements in the Asia-Pacific region account for nearly 60% of the existing preferential agreements in the world.
How has the Asia-Pacific region become the locomotive of economic globalization? APEC, born at a time when a new round of economic globalization was gradually emerging, naturally has the genes of openness and cooperation. In 1993, the first APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting reached a consensus: to transcend the old thinking of group confrontation and zero-sum games, deepen regional economic cooperation and integration, and commit to building a dynamic, harmonious, and prosperous Asia-Pacific family.
Over the past 30 years, per capita income in the Asia-Pacific region has more than quadrupled, and 1 billion people have been lifted out of poverty. Currently, the Asia-Pacific region accounts for more than 60% of the global economy, nearly half of trade, and contributes 70% to global economic growth.
Talking about the "Asia-Pacific miracle," President Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: The success of the Asia-Pacific region stems from our consistent commitment to maintaining regional peace and stability, from our consistent adherence to true multilateralism and open regionalism, and from our consistent conformity to the general trend of economic globalization, adhering to mutual benefit and win-win results, and achieving mutual success.
At a time when the driving force and resistance of economic globalization are intertwined, and unilateralism and protectionism are spreading, President Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out the direction for the world economy shrouded in mist: "Economic globalization is an objective requirement for the development of social productive forces, an inevitable result of technological progress, and an irresistible historical trend. Although it has encountered headwinds and backlashes, its overall development trend has never changed."
"A path that allows us to move forward faster," "bringing hopeful information," "in line with the development visions of Asia-Pacific countries"... The words of people from all walks of life in the Asia-Pacific region show that upholding true multilateralism and adhering to open regionalism are the will of the people, the needs of the times, and the general trend.
Guiding the direction and promoting the release of more positive effects.
At the Youyiguan Port (友谊关口岸) in Pingxiang, Guangxi (广西凭祥), cold chain trucks loaded with fruits such as durian, mangosteen, and longan from ASEAN countries pass through customs in an orderly manner. More and more Southeast Asian fruits are fragrant in China, which is a vivid portrayal of the tariff reductions and customs clearance facilitation brought about by the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP).
Data shows that after the RCEP came into effect, the proportion of intermediate goods trade in the region to total trade increased from 65% in 2021 to 68.3% in 2024. ASEAN Secretary-General Kao Kim Hourn (高金洪) said that RCEP has become the cornerstone of economic integration and growth in the Asia-Pacific region.
Facts have proved that Asia-Pacific countries have been deeply integrated into economic globalization and have become a community of shared interests and a community of shared destiny where everyone prospers and everyone suffers. How to adapt to and guide economic globalization in the current world undergoing a new round of major development, major changes, and major adjustments, so that it can better benefit every country and every nation, is a common concern of the international community.
Grasping the general trend of history and standing at the forefront of the times, President Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized "adhering to innovation-driven development to promote strong growth of the world economy," "adhering to keeping pace with the times to promote the reform of the global economic governance system," and "adhering to people-centered development to promote the solution of development imbalances," promoting economic globalization to release more positive effects and enter a new stage that is more dynamic, more inclusive, and more sustainable.
Innovation is the wing for the economic take-off of the Asia-Pacific region. In 2014, APEC leaders approved the APEC Accord on Innovative Development, Economic Reform and Growth in Beijing (北京). Facing a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, China is accelerating the development of emerging industries such as the digital economy, intelligent manufacturing, and clean energy, actively participating in international cooperation in artificial intelligence governance and capacity building, and continuously promoting global energy transition and setting a new benchmark for innovative growth paths with its own green and low-carbon industrial development. Park Seung-chan (朴胜赞), chairman of the Korea-China Joint Association and professor at Yongin University (龙仁大学), said that China's technological innovation is bringing new opportunities to the world economy.
The global economic governance system must better reflect the new reality of the world economic landscape. From advocating the joint construction of an Asia-Pacific partnership of mutual trust, inclusiveness, cooperation, and win-win results to maintaining the smooth flow of global supply chains and industrial chains, China supports the APEC mechanism to play its role, maintains the multilateral trading system with the World Trade Organization as its core, promotes the construction of an open world economic system, and proposes and promotes the implementation of global governance initiatives. Park Chi-shui (朴之水), chief economist of the Asian Development Bank, said that Asian economies should continue to uphold their commitment to open trade and investment to help enhance economic growth and resilience in the Asia-Pacific region.
Development is the eternal theme of the Asia-Pacific region. Since the establishment of APEC, all parties have jointly created the "APEC approach" of independence, voluntariness, consensus, and gradual progress, respecting the development rights of all members. From the Bogor Goals to the Putrajaya Vision, from macroeconomic policy coordination to the construction of high-standard free trade zones, APEC has created more well-being for the people of the region. Facing the widening global development gap, China has proposed and promoted the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, working with all parties in the Asia-Pacific region to contribute to accelerating the implementation of the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda and promoting balanced and full development of all countries. Nio Letswalo, a researcher at the Department of Politics and International Relations at the University of Johannesburg (约翰内斯堡大学) in South Africa, believes that "China has always advocated inclusive economic globalization, bringing huge opportunities to the region."
Deeply integrated, expanding new space with its own opening-up.
China is a beneficiary of economic globalization, and even more so a contributor, maintainer, and promoter.
Since the new era, China has actively conformed to the trend of economic globalization, unswervingly promoted high-quality development, expanded high-level opening-up, and continuously provided new opportunities for the Asia-Pacific region with its own new development, becoming an important engine for promoting the development of the Asia-Pacific region and the most steadfast force in maintaining economic globalization.
The "Vibrant Asia-Pacific - Public Opinion Survey of 16 Countries in the Asia-Pacific Region" recently released by People's Daily (人民日报社) shows that nearly 60% of respondents believe that China has played an important role in promoting sustainable economic growth and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region, and 83% of respondents believe that China's development experience is worth learning from their own countries.
China's economy is deeply integrated into the Asia-Pacific region, continuously expanding new space for economic globalization with its own opening-up.
Orderly expanding independent opening-up and unilateral opening-up; actively aligning with international high-standard economic and trade rules and carrying out pilot projects; continuously reducing the number of items on the negative list for foreign investment access... In recent years, China's pace of high-level opening-up has accelerated. China is the largest trading partner of 13 APEC economies, contributing 64.2% to Asia-Pacific economic growth, driving 37.6% of regional goods trade growth and 44.6% of services trade growth.
China's "magnetic attraction" to foreign-funded enterprises is constantly increasing. From January to September this year, 48,921 new foreign-invested enterprises were established nationwide, an increase of 16.2% year-on-year. Carlos Aquino (卡洛斯·阿基诺), director of the Center for Asian Studies at the National University of San Marcos (秘鲁国立圣马科斯大学) in Peru, said with emotion, "In the context of rising uncertainty in the current world economy, China's stable growth and commitment to opening-up provide important confidence support for the economic development of the Asia-Pacific region."
China actively participates in global economic governance, contributing new solutions to promote economic globalization with the responsibility of a major country.
China and the ten ASEAN countries have fully completed the negotiations on the 3.0 version of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, which international observers regard as a powerful measure to promote economic globalization. From actively promoting the construction of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area to promoting the construction of the Asia-Pacific community and the Asia-Pacific Free Trade Area, from high-quality implementation of RCEP to applying to join the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) and the Digital Economy Partnership Agreement (DEPA), China is accumulating new momentum for economic globalization in its benign interaction with the world.
Railways, ports, and industrial parks converge into a magnificent picture of Asia-Pacific countries working together to move towards modernization. Lyudmila Popova (柳德米拉·波波娃), associate professor at the Department of World Economy at St. Petersburg State University (圣彼得堡国立大学) in Russia, believes that China is deeply integrated into the global economic and trade system and value chain, and is committed to eliminating barriers to the flow of factors, and is an important advocate of economic globalization.
In the late autumn of 2014, on the shores of Yanqi Lake (雁栖湖) in Beijing (北京), from promoting the realization of the APEC Free Trade Area roadmap to strengthening all-round infrastructure and connectivity construction, all parties worked together to write a strong and colorful stroke in the development history of APEC. Next year, China will host the APEC meeting for the third time. China will work with all parties to deepen Asia-Pacific cooperation and benefit the people of the Asia-Pacific region.
The tide is surging in the Asia-Pacific, and the wind is right for sailing. Looking to the future, China's determination to expand high-level opening-up will not change, its determination to share development opportunities with the Asia-Pacific region will not change, and its determination to promote economic globalization towards a more open, inclusive, universally beneficial, balanced, and win-win direction will not change. All parties in the Asia-Pacific region will work together to lead economic globalization to break through the waves and move forward, and will surely open a new journey of prosperity and development in the Asia-Pacific region.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Singapore (新加坡) dispatch on October 25th (Reporter Wang Di (王迪), Bai Yuanqi (白元琪)) On local time October 25th, State Council Premier Li Qiang (李强) held talks with Singaporean Prime Minister Lawrence Wong (黄循财) at the Singapore (新加坡) Parliament House.
Li Qiang (李强) stated that in June of this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) met with Prime Minister Wong (黄循财) in Beijing (北京), charting the course for the next stage of China-Singapore (中新) relations. China (中方) is willing to work with Singapore (新方) to follow the strategic guidance of the two countries' leaders, uphold the original aspiration of establishing diplomatic relations, promote traditional friendship, consolidate political mutual trust, expand pragmatic cooperation, and promote the continuous deepening and solidifying of bilateral relations, so as to better serve the modernization construction of the two countries and make greater contributions to regional peace, stability, and development.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that recently, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee reviewed and approved the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal, making top-level design and strategic planning for China's (中国) development in the next five years or even longer. China (中方) is willing to strengthen development alignment with Singapore (新方), give full play to the role of the China-Singapore (中新) bilateral cooperation mechanism, maintain a good growth momentum in two-way trade and investment, further improve and strengthen key cooperation projects such as the Suzhou Industrial Park (苏州工业园区) and the Tianjin Eco-City (天津生态城), deepen cooperation in digital economy, green economy, artificial intelligence, new energy, biomedicine and other fields, and actively expand third-party cooperation. China (中方) welcomes more Singaporean (新方) companies to invest in China (中国) and hopes that Singapore (新方) will continue to provide support for Chinese (中国) companies operating in Singapore (新). The two sides should strengthen the exchange of experience in areas such as people's livelihood security and employment promotion, better work together for development through mutual learning, and strengthen cooperation in culture, tourism, education, media, youth and other fields to continuously enhance mutual understanding and friendship. At present, the multilateral trading system is facing severe challenges. China (中方) is willing to work with Singapore (新方) to implement the major global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平), strengthen communication and coordination in mechanisms such as the United Nations (联合国), oppose unilateralism and protectionism, safeguard free trade and economic globalization, and promote the development of the international order in a more just and reasonable direction.
Lawrence Wong (黄循财) congratulated the successful convening of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, saying that this year marks the 35th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Singapore and China (新中). The current development momentum of bilateral relations is good, the friendship between the two countries continues to deepen, mutually beneficial cooperation is expanding, and the results are fruitful. The Singaporean (新加坡) government adheres to the one-China principle and firmly opposes "Taiwan independence" ("台独"). Singapore (新方) is willing to work closely with China (中方) on high-level exchanges, strengthen the exchange of experience in governance, promote landmark major projects such as the Suzhou Industrial Park (苏州工业园区) and connectivity cooperation, create new growth points for cooperation in green economy, digital economy, artificial intelligence, etc., actively carry out third-party cooperation, promote cultural exchanges, and continuously enrich the connotation of the all-round, high-quality, and forward-looking partnership between Singapore and China (新中). Singapore (新方) is full of confidence in China's (中国) development and is willing to continue to invest in China (中国). Singapore (新方) supports the Global Development Initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平) and is willing to strengthen multilateral cooperation with China (中方), safeguard free trade, adhere to multilateralism, and make unremitting efforts to promote regional and even global stability and prosperity.
After the talks, the two prime ministers jointly witnessed the exchange of a number of cooperation documents in the fields of digital economy, green development, information and communication, transportation, food safety, emergency management, and third-party cooperation.
Prior to the talks, Lawrence Wong (黄循财) held a welcoming ceremony for Li Qiang (李强) at the Parliament House.
Return to TopPyongyang, October 25 (Reported by Liu Rong (刘融)) - According to a report by the Korean Central News Agency (朝中社) on the 25th, on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army's (中国人民志愿军) participation in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, Kim Jong-un (金正恩), General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (朝鲜劳动党) and Chairman of the State Affairs Commission, visited the Cemetery of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army Martyrs (中国人民志愿军烈士陵园) in Huichang County (桧仓郡), South Pyongan Province (平安南道) on the 24th to pay his highest respects to the martyrs.
According to reports, the honor guard of the Korean People's Army (朝鲜人民军) lined up neatly in front of the Cemetery of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army Martyrs (中国人民志愿军烈士陵园), and the national anthems of China and North Korea were played at the scene. The North Korean side presented flower baskets in the name of Kim Jong-un (金正恩) and in the names of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (朝鲜劳动党中央委员会) and the State Affairs Commission of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (朝鲜民主主义人民共和国国务委员会), respectively.
The report said that Kim Jong-un (金正恩) stood in silent tribute to mourn the martyrs of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (中国人民志愿军). Kim Jong-un (金正恩) then laid a wreath at the tomb of Martyr Mao Anying (毛岸英) to express his respect.
The Korean Central News Agency (朝中社) said in its report, "The martyrs of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (中国人民志愿军) supported our people's revolutionary war with their blood, demonstrating the spirit of internationalism and fraternal friendship. Their faces are treasured in the hearts of the people of both countries as a precious symbol of Sino-North Korean friendship."
The report also said: "No matter how time passes and generations change, the Korean people will never forget the blood and immortal achievements of the outstanding sons and daughters of the Chinese people. The Sino-North Korean friendship forged in blood will, as always, demonstrate its indestructible vitality in the sacred struggle to realize anti-imperialist independence and the cause of socialism."
Return to TopThis report Kuala Lumpur October 25 (Reporters Zhang Niansheng (章念生), Han Shuo (韩硕), Cao Shiyun (曹师韵)) Local time, October 25th morning, the Chinese and American economic and trade teams began holding China-U.S. economic and trade consultations in Kuala Lumpur (吉隆坡), Malaysia (马来西亚).
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Busan, South Korea, October 25th (Reporter Mang Jiuchen (莽九晨)) The 19th meeting of the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) of the United Nations was held in Busan, South Korea from the 19th to the 24th of October. The China Satellite Navigation System Management Office led the organization of the Chinese delegation to South Korea to participate in the meeting.
More than 40 representatives and experts were sent by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China (中国外交部), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China (工业和信息化部), the Ministry of Transport of China (交通运输部), the China National Space Administration (国家航天局), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), the China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (中国航天科技集团有限公司), the China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (中国电子科技集团有限公司), and the China Satellite Network Group Co., Ltd. (中国卫星网络集团有限公司) to participate in the meeting.
The conference was held in a combination of online and offline formats. More than 300 representatives from global and regional satellite navigation system providers, ICG member states, and relevant international organizations conducted in-depth exchanges on hot topics such as inter-system compatibility and interoperability, and high-precision applications of global satellite navigation systems.
Return to TopBy: 新华社记者
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which just successfully concluded, deliberated and adopted the "Proposals of the CPC Central Committee for Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development." A series of major goals, tasks, and strategic deployments provide direction and inspire progress, triggering enthusiastic responses among the vast number of Party members and cadres in central and state organs and people's organizations.
Following the conclusion of the plenary session, central and state organs and people's organizations promptly convened Party group (Party committee) meetings, special meetings, and other forms to convey and study the important speech delivered by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee and the spirit of the plenary session, rapidly setting off a wave of learning and implementation.
Everyone expressed that they must profoundly understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishes" and resolutely achieve the "Two Safeguards," practically unifying their thoughts and actions with the spirit of the plenary session, firmly promoting the spirit of historical initiative, upholding integrity and innovation, working pragmatically and taking responsibility, implementing the blueprint to the end, and creating new glories on the new journey of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
Great Achievements Mark a Brand New Starting Point
"'The '14th Five-Year Plan' period was extremely unusual and extraordinary in China's development history." Party members and cadres from the Central Social Work Department, the Ministry of Finance (财政部), and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部) stated that, facing the complex and volatile international situation and the arduous and heavy domestic reform, development, and stability tasks, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core united and led the people to overcome difficulties and forge ahead, withstood the severe impact of the century-long pandemic, effectively responded to a series of major risks and challenges, and took new and solid steps in Chinese-style modernization, laying a good foundation for the new journey toward the second centenary goal. The achievements were hard-won, and the experience is invaluable, requiring greater cherishment and long-term adherence.
The plenary session pointed out that the "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for consolidating the foundation and fully exerting efforts to basically realize socialist modernization, holding an important position of linking the past and opening up the future in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization.
Party members and cadres from the Work Committee of the Central and State Organs, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外交部), the National Audit Office (审计署), and the All-China Women's Federation (全国妇联) stated that the plenary session made top-level design and strategic planning for the development of the next five years, which is another general mobilization and general deployment to take advantage of the momentum and continue to promote Chinese-style modernization. It will surely guide us to better realize the grand blueprint drawn at the 20th CPC National Congress, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, and continue to write new chapters in the two major miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability in the new era and on the new journey, and constantly create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
Party members and cadres from the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部), the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (国家民委), and the Ministry of Justice (司法部) believe that China's development environment is currently facing profound and complex changes, with strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexisting, and increasing uncertain and unpredictable factors. It is necessary to concentrate efforts on managing our own affairs well, give full play to the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the advantages of a super-large-scale market, the advantages of a complete industrial system, and the advantages of abundant human resources, transform the advantages in all aspects into the actual effectiveness of high-quality development, promote the effective improvement of quality and the reasonable growth of quantity in the economy, and respond to the drastic changes in the external environment with the certainty of our own high-quality development, firmly grasping the initiative in development.
The vast number of Party members and cadres in central and state organs and people's organizations stated that the new major achievements made by the Party and the country during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period are fundamentally due to the leadership and direction of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and to the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. At a new starting point, to fully realize the "15th Five-Year Plan" blueprint goals, we must unswervingly use the Party's innovative theories to strengthen our minds and souls, adhere to and strengthen the Party's overall leadership, resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, integrate the Party's leadership into all aspects and the entire process of economic and social development, continuously improve the Party's ability and level to lead economic and social development, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization.
Scientific Deployment Points Out the Direction of Advancement
Party members and cadres from the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), the Ministry of Transport (交通运输部), and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (全国总工会) stated that the plenary session grasped the phased requirements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, clearly put forward the principles that economic and social development must follow, and deployed strategic tasks that have major traction, driving, and supporting roles in promoting Chinese-style modernization in various fields, marking the continuous deepening of our Party's understanding of economic and social development, and possessing strong ideological, strategic, and guiding significance. It is necessary to fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, adhere to the combination of an effective market and a capable government, and continuously consolidate and strengthen the foundation of the real economy, and continuously improve the quality and resilience of development.
Party members and cadres from the Ministry of Education (教育部), the Ministry of Science and Technology (科技部), and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) believe that during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, we must firmly seize the opportunities of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, give full play to the advantages of the new type of national system, and actively seize the commanding heights in new-generation information technology, artificial intelligence, quantum technology, biomedicine, and other fields. It is necessary to coordinate the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent, strengthen original innovation and tackling key core technologies, comprehensively enhance independent innovation capabilities, improve the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system, and continuously improve total factor productivity, injecting strong impetus into developing new quality productive forces and promoting high-quality development.
"Opening up is an important magic weapon for promoting reform and promoting development." Party members and cadres from the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (中联部), the Ministry of Commerce (商务部), and the People's Bank of China (中国人民银行) stated that the plenary session made arrangements for expanding high-level opening up to the outside world, releasing a strong signal that China adheres to open cooperation and mutual benefit and win-win results. It is necessary to further comprehensively deepen reform, promote the socialist market economic system to be more perfect, and the high-level opening-up system and mechanism to be more sound, smooth the domestic and international dual circulation, and share opportunities and develop together with countries around the world.
On October 24, the Party Group of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) held a meeting emphasizing the need to align with the strategic tasks and major measures determined in the proposals and make overall arrangements for the work of the National People's Congress in the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan." The Party Group of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协党组) held a meeting to review and approve the "Work Plan of the Party Group of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference on Deeply Studying, Publicizing, and Implementing the Spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee."
"It is necessary to implement the spirit of the plenary session, promote the construction of socialist democracy and the rule of law, and implement whole-process people's democracy in all aspects of governance." Party members and cadres from the organs of the National People's Congress and the organs of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference stated that during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, we must unswervingly follow the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, ensure that the people are the masters of the country, and continuously promote the institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of socialist democratic politics, transform institutional advantages into governance effectiveness, and let socialist democratic politics radiate with vigorous vitality.
High-level security is the prerequisite for development, and without high-level security, there is no high-quality development.
Party members and cadres from the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission (中央政法委), the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院), the Supreme People's Procuratorate (最高人民检察院), and the Ministry of State Security (国安部) stated that it is necessary to base ourselves on our respective job responsibilities, strengthen bottom-line thinking, adhere to planning national security and economic and social development together, effectively prevent and resolve various risks and challenges, continuously promote the modernization of the national security system and capabilities, build a higher level of safe China, improve the social governance system, and guarantee the new development pattern with a new security pattern, and promote the virtuous interaction between high-quality development and high-level security.
Concentrate Efforts to Create New Great Undertakings
One-part deployment, nine-part implementation. Studying and implementing the spirit of the plenary session is a major political task for the entire Party and the entire country in the current and future periods.
After the plenary session, the Ministry of Veterans Affairs studied and formulated 13 learning and implementation measures in four aspects; the Ministry of Civil Affairs studied and deployed the preparation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" for the development of civil affairs; the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, in combination with the requirements of the plenary session and its own responsibilities, planned to carry out urban renewal and other work with high quality...
"The goals and tasks are the main direction and the guiding orientation of the work." Party members and cadres from the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央统战部), the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (人力资源社会保障部), and the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) stated that it is necessary to focus on the central tasks of the Party and the country, benchmark against the spirit of the plenary session, and grasp the implementation, adhere to macro-level perspective and micro-level approach, conduct in-depth investigations and research, clarify the task book, timetable, and roadmap for promoting reform and development in the coming period, use the spirit of **钉钉子精神** (dīng dīng zi jīng shén - "nailing spirit," perseverance and meticulousness) and the energy of **抓铁有痕、踏石留印** (zhuā tiě yǒu hén, tà shí liú yìn - "grasp iron leave mark, step stone leave print," to work diligently and leave a lasting impact) to implement the deployment requirements of the plenary session, fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of all aspects, and promote Chinese-style modernization to continuously achieve new progress and new breakthroughs.
Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of step-by-step advancement and continuous development and progress, requiring unremitting efforts and continuous struggle.
"On the road ahead, we must adhere to promoting the spirit of struggle and be brave in facing major tests with high winds and rough waves, even stormy seas." Party members and cadres from the Ministry of Public Security (公安部), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部), the Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部), and the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League (共青团中央) stated that it is necessary to adhere to the unity of goal orientation and problem orientation, better consolidate and expand advantages, break through bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weaknesses and shortcomings, and improve the quality and efficiency of development. It is necessary to actively recognize changes, respond to changes, and seek changes, maintain strategic focus, enhance the confidence to win, dare to struggle and be good at struggling, overcome difficulties, fight risks, meet challenges, and promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks concerning the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and continuously open up new horizons for the development of the cause.
Party members and cadres from the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部), the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), and the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) stated that Chinese-style modernization is people-centered. During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to consistently anchor the people's happiness, this "major task of the country," effectively grasp people's livelihood security, solve the urgent, difficult, and worrying problems of the people, focus on promoting the coordinated development of socialist spiritual civilization and material civilization, improve the quality of people's lives in high-quality development, and expand development space in continuously meeting the needs of people's livelihood, so that Chinese-style modernization has the most reliable, deepest, and most lasting source of strength.
To govern a country, one must first govern the Party, and only when the Party is strong can the country be strong.
Party members and cadres from the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关), the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部), and the Party School of the Central Committee of CPC (National Academy of Governance) (中央党校（国家行政学院）) stated that it is necessary to deeply study and understand Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, always maintain the sobriety and firmness to solve the unique problems of a large party, adhere to strictness as the keynote, self-revolution, and with the tenacity and perseverance of always being on the road, persistently promote the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, further enhance the political functions and organizational functions of Party organizations, give play to the exemplary and leading role of Party members, and continuously enhance the Party's political leadership, ideological guidance, mass organization, and social appeal, adhere to leading social revolution with self-revolution, and provide a strong guarantee for achieving the goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
Unity is strength, and unity leads to victory.
The vast number of Party members and cadres in central and state organs and people's organizations stated that on the new journey toward the second centenary goal, we must unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, **不忘初心** (bù wàng chū xīn - "not forget original intention," to remain true to one's original aspiration), have firm confidence, and struggle forever, turning the "15th Five-Year Plan" blueprint into reality step by step, and continuously create a new situation in comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 25)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 吴 勇 赵景锋
Inner Mongolia Hohhot (内蒙古呼和浩特), news came from the National Dairy Technology Innovation Center (国家乳业技术创新中心):
The "Dairy Cow Breeding Embryo Genome Genetic Evaluation Chip" and the "'High Yield, Disease Resistance, Long Production Life' Function-Enhanced Genome Prediction Chip" have been successfully developed. This breakthrough fills the gap in China's dairy cow gene chip detection and genetic evaluation technology, while shortening the breeding cycle, improving genetic progress efficiency, and promoting China's dairy industry to take a key step towards "seed source independence."
China's average annual milk yield per cow has increased from 2.6 tons in 2000 to 9.9 tons in 2024, with large-scale farms generally exceeding 11 tons, ranking among the world's best. Chinese dairy companies, represented by Yili Group (伊利集团), are focusing on the goal of quality improvement and continuously empowering the high-quality development of the industry with technological innovation.
Focusing on Innovation and Strengthening Scientific Research
"In the past, we had to wait until the next generation of dairy cows produced milk before we could verify the quality of the genes, which was a long cycle and inefficient," said Li Xihe (李喜和), Executive Director of the Dairy Cow Breeding Research Center of the National Dairy Technology Innovation Center (国家乳业技术创新中心). Now, by extracting the genes of calves, we can complete multi-dimensional testing of production performance, body appearance, and other aspects, greatly shortening the generation interval of dairy cow genetic improvement.
This technological breakthrough is a microcosm of China's dairy industry's continued focus on technological innovation.
Since its establishment, the National Dairy Technology Innovation Center (国家乳业技术创新中心) has carried out 222 scientific research projects, applied for 146 patents, and continued to overcome problems in the fields of dairy seed sources, intelligent breeding, and quality testing, promoting the deep integration of technological innovation and industry.
Walking into the Yili Chilechuan (伊利敕勒川) Ecological Intelligent Ranch in Hohhot (呼和浩特), intelligent breeding scenes come into view: the smart collars worn by dairy cows capture data in real time, and quickly provide early warnings if there are any abnormalities; Internet of Things sensors precisely regulate the temperature and humidity of the cowsheds, creating a "livable environment" for the dairy cows; facial recognition technology links to the sprinkler system to increase humidity and cool down the dairy cows as needed... The application of a series of new technologies has shifted breeding from "experience-driven" to "data-driven."
"After the intelligent transformation, the ranch's benefits have been qualitatively improved," said Liu Qi (刘琪), Livestock Chief Engineer of the Yili Dairy Cow Science Research Institute (伊利奶牛科学研究院), who calculated an income increase: the milk production of each dairy cow increased by more than 10%, and the reduction in labor costs led to a 12% increase in the ranch's benefits. In the first half of this year, the daily milk yield per cow in Yili's (伊利) cooperative ranches increased by 1.66 kg year-on-year, and the comprehensive management cost decreased by 0.31 yuan/kg. The synchronously implemented intelligent raw milk logistics platform not only ensures freshness throughout the process, but also reduces costs by more than 10 million yuan per year.
Quality improvement requires both "good production" and "strict management." In Yili's (伊利) milking workshop, fresh raw milk is sent directly to milk tanker trucks through closed pipelines after being cooled, without any external contact throughout the process. In the factory entry process, each batch of raw milk must undergo more than 100 strict tests to ensure that all indicators of the product meet the standards.
Han Jiyu (韩吉雨), head of raw milk quality technology at Yili Group (伊利集团), introduced that Yili's (伊利) raw milk protein, fat, and other indicators have been rapidly improved, "This is the confidence that technological innovation has given us."
Real-time Monitoring and Intelligent Quality Inspection
In Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) of Hohhot (呼和浩特), the Yili Modern Intelligent Health Valley (伊利现代智慧健康谷), a modern "food technology city," has sprung up. Walking into the park, silver-shining pipelines are intertwined, intelligent equipment is operating smoothly, and products such as milk powder and milk are flowing orderly on the production line.
In the factory's central control room, the numbers on the giant screen are constantly flashing, and information such as raw material inventory, equipment temperature, and energy consumption is clear at a glance. "This is our intelligent production management system, which realizes the automatic data collection and real-time analysis of the entire process," said Li Jie (李杰), the factory director. Taking formula milk powder as an example, more than 20 key indicators can be tested within 1 minute to ensure that the parameters of each batch of products are stable and up to standard.
"In order to eliminate pollution, the air in the production workshop must be filtered through 3 layers, and the cleanliness must reach the 100,000-level pharmaceutical standard," Li Jie (李杰) introduced. The workshop has strict controls on differential pressure, noise, temperature, and humidity. The processes of milk powder ingredients, homogenization, concentrated sterilization, and spray drying into powder are all carried out in closed pipelines to ensure cleanliness and safety.
From precise batching at the hundred-ton level to pharmaceutical-grade cleanliness standards, from dual testing systems to "one item, one code" traceability, from intelligent manufacturing to artificial intelligence quality inspection, Yili (伊利) integrates technology into every aspect of production. "The application of new technologies is always aimed at improving product quality," said Xu Fadong (徐法东), the factory's quality director. Whether it is the upgrade of intelligent equipment or the optimization of testing standards, the ultimate goal is to better meet consumers' demand for high-quality dairy products.
In the first half of this year, Yili's (伊利) development presented a double leap of "quantity" and "quality," achieving a total operating income of 61.933 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.37%; net profit attributable to the parent company after deducting non-recurring gains and losses was 7.016 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 31.78%, and its performance reached a new historical high.
Strengthening Cooperation and Promoting Coordinated Development
Walking into the Hengfu Ranch (恒富牧场) in Tuoketuo County (托克托县), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), rancher Luo Liheng (罗利恒) is using a smart terminal to view the herd's feeding data. Who would have thought that this modern ranch, which now has more than 12,000 heads of cattle, had only 500 heads of cattle when it was first established. The transformation from a small ranch to a large-scale base is a vivid portrayal of Yili Group (伊利集团) driving the coordinated development of partners through in-depth cooperation with upstream ranches.
In 2017, Hengfu Ranch (恒富牧场) reached a cooperation agreement with Yili (伊利), opening a course of all-round empowerment of "technology + capital + management."
In the early stage of cooperation, Yili (伊利) sent a technical team and a service team to the ranch to develop solutions to problems such as low calf survival rate and non-standard feeding standards, which significantly improved the ranch's milk yield. At the same time, Yili (伊利) provided the ranch with more than 200 million yuan in loan financing to support its upgrading of breeding facilities and the introduction of high-quality cattle herds.
"What Yili (伊利) brought was not only technology and capital, but also changed our breeding concepts," Luo Liheng (罗利恒) said with emotion. In the past, he only thought about "producing more milk," but now he pays more attention to "producing good milk." This shift from "emphasizing quantity" to "improving quality" has put the ranch on the road to sustainable development. Today, Hengfu Ranch's (恒富牧场) daily milk yield has increased by more than 10 kg compared with the beginning of production, the number of dairy cows has increased by 24 times, and the number of ranches has increased to 3, becoming a benchmark for the revitalization of the local dairy industry.
Such stories are constantly being staged on Yili's (伊利) industrial chain. As of July 31, Yili (伊利) has provided financial support to 14,716 upstream and downstream partners in the industrial chain, with a cumulative financing amount of 185.215 billion yuan; it has formed a service team of more than 1,000 people, and provides free on-site technical service assistance to cooperative ranches more than 100,000 times each year, driving the income of cooperative ranches to increase by 16 billion yuan, benefiting 5.6 million farmers and herdsmen. Under the leadership of Yili (伊利), more and more ranches are realizing the transition from traditional breeding to modernization and intelligence.
"The responsibility of leading enterprises is not only their own development, but also to drive the joint upgrading of the industrial chain," said Liu Chunxi (刘春喜), Senior Executive President of Yili Group (伊利集团). At present, all of Yili's (伊利) cooperative ranches have fully realized large-scale, standardized, intensive, and intelligent breeding. "This model not only improves the competitiveness of individual ranches, but also activates the vitality of the entire dairy industry chain, injecting power into promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside and agricultural modernization."
Return to TopBy: 王沪宁
Compatriots, comrades, and friends:
Today, we gather solemnly here to commemorate the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's Retrocession. Eighty years ago, after 14 years of bloody struggle, the Chinese people defeated the ferocious Japanese militarist aggressors, achieved the great victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and ushered in the historical moment of Taiwan's return to the motherland. This is the common great glory of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation.
On September 3, 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) delivered an important speech at the meeting commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. He profoundly expounded the far-reaching impact and great significance of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression on the Chinese nation and the world. He solemnly issued a great call to jointly remember history, cherish the memory of martyrs, cherish peace, create the future, inherit and carry forward the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and unite and struggle to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the nation with Chinese-style modernization. This greatly inspired the national spirit and national strength of all Chinese sons and daughters, including Taiwan compatriots, and further strengthened their confidence and determination to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "The Chinese nation has a splendid civilization of more than 5,000 years, but it has been repeatedly bullied by great powers in modern times. Taiwan was brutally occupied by foreign invaders, becoming a heart-wrenching pain for the entire nation. The victory of the War of Resistance in 1945 and the retrocession of Taiwan washed away half a century of national humiliation." Taiwan's retrocession was a major achievement of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, a major historical event in which the Chinese government restored the exercise of sovereignty over Taiwan, and an important link in the legal chain of Taiwan as an inseparable part of China.
Yesterday, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress reviewed and approved the designation of October 25th of each year as "Taiwan Retrocession Day." At the historical moment of the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's retrocession, the Party and the state established "Taiwan Retrocession Day," demonstrating the firm stance of people of all ethnic groups across the country in adhering to the one-China principle and safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity, reflecting the common aspirations of Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad, including Taiwan compatriots, highlighting the firm will of the Communist Party of China to unswervingly shoulder historical missions and unswervingly realize the complete reunification of the motherland, and consolidating the universal consensus of the international community in adhering to the fact that there is only one China in the world and that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China. It will surely inspire compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait to inherit and carry forward the patriotic tradition and the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and to jointly strive for the complete reunification of the motherland and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Compatriots, comrades, and friends!
The victory of the War of Resistance and the retrocession of Taiwan are the great victory and great glory of the entire nation, forever engraved in the history of the Chinese nation, forever engraved in the history of human justice, and forever engraved in the hearts of all Chinese sons and daughters.
History will always remember the profound suffering of Taiwan compatriots under Japanese colonial rule. In 1895, Japanese imperialism used war to coerce the Qing government (清政府) into signing the unequal Treaty of Shimonoseki (《马关条约》), forcibly occupying Taiwan and the Penghu Islands (澎湖列岛). Japan's colonial rule over Taiwan lasted for half a century, cruelly suppressing the anti-Japanese struggle of Taiwan compatriots, creating a series of horrific bloody massacres such as the "Yunlin Massacre (云林大屠杀)," frantically plundering Taiwan's resources, wantonly extorting people's wealth, and forcibly promoting the "Kōminka Movement (皇民化)," in an attempt to eliminate the roots and souls of Taiwan compatriots as Chinese people. The crimes of Japanese colonial rule are numerous and countless, and it is a tragic history of blood and tears deeply etched in the minds of Taiwan compatriots.
History will always remember the patriotic chapters written by Taiwan compatriots with their blood and lives. Chinese sons and daughters were filled with righteous indignation at Japan's occupation of Taiwan, and Taiwan compatriots always had their hearts set on the motherland, adhering to the national integrity of "rather die as righteous people than live as subjugated slaves," and waged an unyielding struggle against the Japanese colonial rulers, producing many patriotic people such as Qiu Fengjia (丘逢甲) and Wu Tangxing (吴汤兴). After the July 7th Incident, Taiwan compatriots, upholding the patriotic belief of "saving Taiwan must first save the motherland," gathered under the banner of the anti-Japanese national united front and rushed to the mainland of the motherland to join the torrent of the national war of resistance. Taiwan compatriots fought heroically with their mainland compatriots for national salvation and survival, demonstrating the national spirit of "punishing the Japanese pirates and restoring our homeland" and showing the national sentiment of "being Chinese and joining hands to protect China." The history of Taiwan compatriots resisting Japanese colonial rule is the patriotic history of Taiwan compatriots.
History will always remember that Taiwan's return to the motherland demonstrated the major achievements of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. In 1941, the Chinese government issued a declaration of war against Japan, declaring that all treaties, agreements, and contracts involving relations between China and Japan were abolished. In 1943, the governments of China, the United States, and the United Kingdom issued the Cairo Declaration (《开罗宣言》), announcing that the purpose of the three countries was to return to China the territories Japan had stolen from China, such as Northeast China, Taiwan, and the Penghu Islands (澎湖列岛). In 1945, the United States, the United Kingdom, and China jointly signed the Potsdam Proclamation (《波茨坦公告》), which was later joined by the Soviet Union, reaffirming that "the terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be implemented." On August 15 of the same year, Japan announced its acceptance of the Potsdam Proclamation and surrendered unconditionally. On September 2, Japan formally signed the instrument of surrender to China and other Allied countries, promising to "faithfully fulfill the obligations stipulated in the Potsdam Proclamation." On October 25, the Chinese government announced the "restoration of the exercise of sovereignty over Taiwan," and Taiwan compatriots got rid of the shackles of colonial rule and warmly celebrated their return to the embrace of the motherland. Taiwan's retrocession and return to the motherland are major achievements of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, and an important part of the post-war international order, with a solid legal foundation and historical facts, which must not be distorted or denied!
Compatriots, comrades, and friends!
History is the most persuasive textbook. Compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait should jointly remember history, defend achievements, protect their homeland, and create the future together, firmly remember the profound enlightenment contained in history, grasp the historical trend shown by the future, and gather the forward strength of unity and struggle.
--We must deeply realize that compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait jointly shoulder the historical responsibility of promoting the national spirit with patriotism as its core. The victory of the War of Resistance and the retrocession of Taiwan are the great victory of the national spirit with patriotism as its core. In the years of the War of Resistance, compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait gathered their hearts together and shed their blood together, demonstrating the patriotic feelings of everyone being responsible for the rise and fall of the world. This patriotic spirit cannot be removed, broken, or extinguished! At this important moment of remembering history and creating the future together, compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait should inherit and carry forward the great national spirit and the great spirit of the War of Resistance, adhere to the correct view of history, nation, and country, and be upright Chinese people.
--We must deeply realize that compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait jointly shoulder the historical responsibility of safeguarding the common homeland of the Chinese nation. The victory of the War of Resistance and the retrocession of Taiwan are the victorious achievements of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait fighting for national survival and national rejuvenation, profoundly demonstrating the profound truth that a strong and unified country is always the destiny of all Chinese sons and daughters, including Taiwan compatriots. At this important moment of remembering history and creating the future together, compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait must adhere to national righteousness, safeguard, build, and develop the beautiful homeland that the Chinese nation has worked hard to develop and build for thousands of years, and firmly grasp the destiny of the Chinese nation in the hands of the Chinese people themselves.
--We must deeply realize that compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait jointly shoulder the historical responsibility of promoting the peaceful development of cross-strait relations. The victory of the War of Resistance and the retrocession of Taiwan fully prove that compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are a family with blood thicker than water, and that both sides of the Taiwan Strait are an inseparable community of destiny. At this important moment of remembering history and creating the future together, compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait must grasp the direction of the development of cross-strait relations, resolutely safeguard peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait, and earnestly seek peace, protect peace, and share peace together.
--We must deeply realize that compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait jointly shoulder the historical responsibility of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The victory of the War of Resistance and the retrocession of Taiwan have made compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait more firmly remember the historical lessons that backwardness leads to being beaten and development leads to self-reliance, and understand more deeply that national strength and national prosperity are the guarantee of the survival, development, and dignity of every Chinese person. Today's China is closer, more confident, and more capable than at any time in history to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. At this important moment of remembering history and creating the future together, compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait must enhance their ambition, backbone, and confidence in being Chinese, unite and move forward, join hands and forge ahead, and jointly realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Compatriots, comrades, and friends!
Learn from the past and know the future. We must stand on the right side of history, stand on the side of the overall interests and long-term development of the Chinese nation, unite as one, and work together to promote the great cause of national reunification.
First, adhere to the one-China principle and jointly protect the major achievements of the victory of the War of Resistance. The mainland and Taiwan belong to one China, with clear historical context and clear legal facts. The one-China principle will never tolerate "Taiwan independence" separatism. The "Taiwan independence" separatist forces and their actions harm the vast number of Taiwan compatriots and damage the interests of the entire nation, and will inevitably be judged by history. National sovereignty and territorial integrity must not be divided, and the historical tragedy of national division must not be repeated.
The one-China principle will never tolerate foreign interference. Any person or force that attempts to interfere in China's internal affairs and distort and challenge UN General Assembly Resolution 2758 will never succeed.
Second, adhere to deepening cross-strait exchanges and integration, and jointly forge a sense of community of the Chinese nation. Compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are connected by blood and are as close as flesh and blood. They should come and go frequently, exchange ideas, communicate with each other, integrate with each other, get closer and become more intimate. They should not be interfered with at any time, and no force can separate us. Deepening cross-strait exchanges and integration is the inevitable choice and long-term strategy for maintaining cross-strait peace and stability, realizing cross-strait prosperity and development, enhancing the well-being of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and promoting the spiritual harmony of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait.
We adhere to the concept of "compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are one family," always respect, care for, and benefit Taiwan compatriots, take the lead in sharing the fruits of the motherland's mainland's development and progress with Taiwan compatriots, and continue to be committed to promoting cross-strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation. We welcome the vast number of Taiwan compatriots and Taiwan enterprises to develop in the mainland, and will listen to their voices more widely and meet their needs more carefully, so that Taiwan compatriots can have more interests and more substantial well-being, and that the family can be warm, harmonious, and happy.
Third, adhere to safeguarding the overall interests of the Chinese nation and share the bright prospects of national reunification. Resolving the Taiwan issue and realizing the complete reunification of the motherland is the common aspiration of all Chinese sons and daughters. Achieving reunification in a peaceful manner is most beneficial to compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait and the entire nation. We will adhere to the方針 of "peaceful reunification, one country, two systems," and are willing to conduct dialogue and consultation with people of insight from all walks of life in Taiwan on cross-strait relations and national reunification on the basis of the one-China principle and the "1992 Consensus," and are willing to strive for the prospect of peaceful reunification with the greatest sincerity and the greatest efforts. We will fully consider the reality of Taiwan, and will fully take into account the interests and feelings of Taiwan compatriots, but will never leave any room for various forms of "Taiwan independence" separatist activities.
After peaceful reunification, with a strong motherland as a backing, Taiwan's economic development will be better, energy and resource security will be better, infrastructure construction will be better, security guarantees will be better, foreign exchanges will be better, and the well-being of Taiwan compatriots will be better, and their spiritual and cultural life will be better. Taiwan compatriots will, together with their mainland compatriots, share the dignity and glory of our great country and usher in a bright future of prosperity and stability.
Fourth, adhere to uniting compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait and jointly create a glorious cause for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Through the vicissitudes of history, we can deeply appreciate that both sides of the Taiwan Strait are an inseparable community of destiny. National strength and prosperity are a blessing for compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait; national weakness and chaos are a disaster for compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is closely related to the future destiny of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait." After a long period of arduous struggle, the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process. The recently concluded Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China reviewed and approved the proposal on formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, and made strategic plans for the development of the next five years, which is another general deployment to take advantage of the situation and continue to promote the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
The development and progress of the motherland's mainland and the reunification and strength of the country determine Taiwan's future destiny. With the wisdom and strength gathered by all Chinese people as support, our public opinion for realizing the complete reunification of the motherland is incomparably solid, the foundation is incomparably strong, and the strength is incomparably powerful. It is hoped that compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait and young people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait will always be of one heart and one mind, firmly believe in reunification, bravely shoulder the responsibilities of the times, and jointly write a splendid chapter in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Compatriots, comrades, and friends!
Learn from the past and know the future. We must stand on the right side of history, stand on the side of the overall interests and long-term development of the Chinese nation, unite as one, and work together to promote the great cause of national reunification.
The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable! The complete reunification of the motherland will surely be realized! Let us unite more closely around the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core, widely unite and gather Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad, jointly create lasting well-being for the Chinese nation, and continue to write new glories in the history of the Chinese nation!
Return to TopBy: 本报评论员
A great victory, a moving chapter. On October 25th, a grand meeting was held to commemorate the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's Retrocession. Looking back at the arduous years of war and looking forward to the bright future of national rejuvenation, all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, including Taiwan compatriots, are filled with excitement and confidence, and will surely join hands to write a new glorious chapter in the history of the Chinese nation.
In 1895, the Qing government was forced to sign the Treaty of Shimonoseki (马关条约), ceding Taiwan and the Penghu Islands to Japan. In the half-century that followed, the resistance of Taiwan compatriots never ceased, and their fervent desire to be upright Chinese people never cooled. From the patriotic general Liu Yongfu (刘永福) leading the "Black Flag Army" to inflict heavy losses on the Japanese army, to patriotic intellectuals such as Jiang Weishui (蒋渭水) and Lin Xiantang (林獻堂) actively spreading national culture and awakening national consciousness, countless Taiwan people, with the patriotic passion of "rather die as righteous people than live as subjugated slaves," rose up in resistance. After the outbreak of the all-out War of Resistance Against Japan in 1937, more than 50,000 Taiwan compatriots, upholding the belief that "to save Taiwan, we must first save the motherland," rushed to the mainland to participate in the war. On October 25, 1945, the surrender ceremony of the Japanese army in the Taiwan region was officially held, and the island returned to the embrace of the motherland, with the whole country celebrating. The revolutionary predecessors were unyielding and waged a heroic and moving arduous struggle against the Japanese colonial authorities, sacrificing more than 650,000 people in 50 years. In the face of foreign aggression, compatriots on both sides of the strait have always supported each other and fought side by side, interpreting the integrity and dignity of being Chinese with blood and life, and erecting an immortal historical monument.
Time is silent, but the mountains and rivers bear witness. The retrocession of Taiwan was a great victory forged by the continuous efforts and bloody battles of all the Chinese people, including Taiwan compatriots. It is an important part of the victory of World War II and the post-war international order, and it is the common glory of compatriots on both sides of the strait and the national memory of all Chinese sons and daughters. History irrefutably proves with ironclad facts that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China's territory, and that compatriots on both sides of the strait are a community with a shared future. Solemnly commemorating the retrocession of Taiwan is to encourage compatriots on both sides of the strait to remember history together, defend achievements, protect their homeland, and create a future together, inherit and promote the great national spirit and the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and jointly create the historical great cause of national reunification and national rejuvenation.
History cannot be tampered with, and justice cannot be trampled upon. In recent years, Lai Ching-te (赖清德) and the Democratic Progressive Party (民进党) authorities have stubbornly adhered to the "Taiwan independence" separatist stance, vigorously promoted "Taiwan independence" separatist claims, advocated the "new two-state theory" of "non-affiliation with each other," and brazenly defined the mainland as "overseas hostile forces." Not only do they not commemorate the retrocession of Taiwan, but they have repeatedly promoted and beautified the so-called "Tainan 400 years" of Dutch colonization of Taiwan and the 50 years of Japanese colonization of Taiwan, attempting to build a "Taiwan independence historical view," confuse public opinion, and poison the younger generation. This is a complete betrayal of the nation and a serious desecration of the huge national sacrifices of compatriots on both sides of the strait. Learning from the past, compatriots on both sides of the strait must firmly remember the history of the all-out War of Resistance Against Japan, adhere to the correct view of history, the nation, and the country, adhere to the方針 of "peaceful reunification, one country, two systems," adhere to the one-China principle and the "1992 Consensus" (九二共识), jointly protect the major achievements of the victory of the War of Resistance, jointly promote the great cause of national reunification, and never leave any room for various forms of "Taiwan independence" separatist activities.
Seeking well-being for compatriots, seeking peace for the Taiwan Strait, seeking reunification for the country, and seeking rejuvenation for the nation are the common expectations of all Chinese sons and daughters. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have put forward the overall strategy for the Party to solve the Taiwan issue in the new era, adhered to the concept of "both sides of the strait are one family" (两岸一家亲), and actively shared better development opportunities and more development results with Taiwan compatriots. From supporting Fujian (福建) in exploring a new path of integrated development across the Taiwan Strait and building a demonstration zone for integrated development across the strait, to expanding exchanges between people on both sides of the strait and supporting the development of Taiwan-funded enterprises on the mainland, to creating better conditions for Taiwan youth to come to the mainland to pursue their dreams... A series of pragmatic measures have made Taiwan compatriots feel the warmth of home and have a broad stage to display their ambitions and achieve their dreams. Facing the future, we must take the commemoration of Taiwan's retrocession as an opportunity to further strengthen cross-strait exchanges, interactions, and integration, strive to realize the aspirations of compatriots on both sides of the strait for a better life, and let everyone live a better life.
The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable, and the complete reunification of the motherland will surely be realized. All Chinese sons and daughters, including Taiwan compatriots, jointly shoulder the historical responsibility of promoting the national spirit with patriotism as the core, the historical responsibility of safeguarding the common home of the Chinese nation, the historical responsibility of promoting the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, and the historical responsibility of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. United as one and continuing to struggle, we will not fear any storms, we will surely overcome all difficulties and obstacles, jointly create lasting well-being for the Chinese nation, and win greater victories and glory.
Return to TopBeijing, October 25th (Reporter Zhang Shuo (张烁)) On the 25th at noon, the Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council held a reception at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse (钓鱼台国宾馆) to commemorate the establishment of Taiwan Retrocession Day. Guests from all walks of life in Taiwan and representatives from relevant departments of the mainland who attended the Commemoration of the 80th Anniversary of Taiwan's Retrocession in the morning of the 25th attended.
Taiwan's retrocession is an important ironclad proof of the Chinese government's restoration of the exercise of sovereignty over Taiwan, an important link in the historical fact and legal chain of Taiwan as a part of China, and the common glory of compatriots on both sides of the strait and the common national memory of all Chinese sons and daughters. On October 24, the 18th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress made a decision to establish October 25 as Taiwan Retrocession Day in legal form, and stipulated that the state should hold commemorative activities in various forms.
Song Tao (宋涛), Director of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, said in his speech at the reception that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, under the personal decision of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), strictly fulfilled the statutory procedures and deliberated and adopted relevant decisions to establish Taiwan Retrocession Day in the name of the state on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's retrocession, which fully embodies the will of the people and the will of the state. The establishment of Taiwan Retrocession Day is an important measure for us to remember history and cherish the memory of our martyrs; it is a powerful action for us to safeguard the one-China principle, oppose "Taiwan independence" separatism and external interference; it is a concrete manifestation of our firm support for patriotic and reunification forces. We have the ability to thwart "Taiwan independence" separatism and promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations; we have the firm will to deepen cross-strait exchanges and cooperation and forge a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation; we have the confidence to promote the great cause of national reunification and enhance the well-being of Taiwan compatriots; and we have the confidence to cope with various challenges and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Ji Xin (纪欣), publisher of Taiwan's *Observation* magazine, said that the establishment of Taiwan Retrocession Day is in line with the common aspirations of the vast number of Taiwan compatriots, and will surely awaken the common memory of compatriots on both sides of the strait, inspire Taiwan compatriots to remember history, inherit and carry forward the patriotic tradition, base themselves on the fact that both sides of the strait belong to one China, always be proud of being upright Chinese, and strive to promote national reunification and national rejuvenation.
Taiwanese compatriots attending the meeting said that the establishment of Taiwan Retrocession Day is timely and of great significance, and will surely encourage all Chinese sons and daughters, especially Taiwan compatriots, to enhance their understanding that both sides of the strait belong to one China and that compatriots on both sides of the strait are Chinese, strengthen their will and determination to oppose "Taiwan independence" separatism and external interference, and unite to form a strong force to fight for national reunification and national rejuvenation.
After the reception, the participating Taiwanese guests visited the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japan (中国人民抗日战争纪念馆) to see the "Unyielding Treasure Island, Loyal Heart to the Motherland - Exhibition of Historical Facts of Taiwan Compatriots' Resistance Against Japan" (《不屈的宝岛 丹心向祖国——台湾同胞抗日史实展》).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张 烁 江 琳 程 龙
October 25th this year marks the first Taiwan Retrocession Day. The decision by the Party and the state to establish Taiwan Retrocession Day has generated enthusiastic responses, inspiring compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait to inherit and carry forward the patriotic tradition and the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and to jointly strive for the complete reunification of the motherland and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
"Taiwan Retrocession Day is not only an important day to commemorate the victory of the War of Resistance and the retrocession of Taiwan, but also an important opportunity to unite national strength and create a unified future." Wu Cheng-tien (吴成典), Chairman of the New Party (新党), said that the establishment of this important memorial day is a new starting point for Chinese people on both sides of the Strait to work together to create national rejuvenation. He hopes that compatriots on both sides of the Strait will jointly remember this history, inherit the national spirit, and jointly strive for national reunification and national rejuvenation.
"As a Chinese born and raised in Taiwan, I am extremely excited." At the commemoration of the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's retrocession, Wu Rong-yuan (吴荣元), Chairman of the Taiwan Labor Party (台湾劳动党), said with emotion, "The history of Taiwan's retrocession is a historical proof that compatriots on both sides of the Strait shared national difficulties, shared suffering, and shared the glory of victory. Commemorating Taiwan's retrocession is not only looking back at a history that all Chinese people cannot and should not forget, but also to see clearly the reality of Taiwan's situation and find the right path to the future from the laws of historical development."
"My father's lifelong ideal was to build a prosperous and happy new China and to see the peaceful reunification of the two sides of the Strait as soon as possible." Li Suhui (李素慧), daughter of Li Cangjiang (李苍降), an underground member of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and a revolutionary martyr, participated in the commemoration of the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's retrocession. "The motherland is strong, and China will no longer be bullied. My father's blood was not shed in vain."
This time in Beijing (北京), Li Liqun (李力群), the son of anti-Japanese general Li Youbang (李友邦), specially brought clothes printed with his father's words "Recover Territory" (复疆). "'Recover' refers to retrocession, and 'Territory' refers to the Chinese territory of Taiwan (台湾) that was seized by Japan at that time." He said, "My father's greatest wish in his life was to let Taiwan return to the motherland. Compatriots on both sides of the Strait should work together to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity. I am attending the commemoration of the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's retrocession. If my father's spirit in heaven knows, he will definitely be very happy!"
"The Democratic Progressive Party (民进党) authorities do not respect this history, want to distort this history, and even say such perverse things as 'There is no Taiwan Retrocession Day.' The mainland of the motherland solemnly commemorates the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's retrocession and establishes Taiwan Retrocession Day in the name of the state, which tells us to remember history, cherish the memory of the martyrs, and let the common national historical memory of Taiwan's retrocession be forever remembered in our hearts," said Yuan Juzheng (苑举正), a professor in the Department of Philosophy at National Taiwan University (台湾大学).
"The history of Taiwan's retrocession tells us that compatriots on both sides of the Strait share a common destiny and should unite and work together." Meng Fanheng (孟繁珩), executive director of the眷村 Culture Development Association in Kaohsiung City (高雄市), Taiwan, said that compatriots on both sides of the Strait are originally one family. At present, we should not only jointly commemorate Taiwan's retrocession, but also jointly safeguard the big family of the Chinese nation, jointly promote the great cause of national reunification, and work together to create the great cause of national rejuvenation.
"Taiwan's retrocession was the result of the **前仆后继** (qián pū hòu jì - "fall forward, continue behind," advancing dauntlessly despite sacrifices) and bloody battles of all Chinese sons and daughters, and it is the common glory of the Chinese nation." Pan Chaoyang (潘朝阳), a retired professor at National Taiwan Normal University (台湾师范大学), said that the establishment of Taiwan Retrocession Day in the name of the state demonstrates the undeniable historical fact that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China. "As someone in Taiwan, I look forward to the early realization of national reunification, and I am very confident about this."
"The establishment of Taiwan Retrocession Day and the convening of the commemoration of the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's retrocession once again demonstrate to the international community that Taiwan is an inseparable part of Chinese territory, which is of great significance." Xie Zhichuan (谢志传), a current affairs commentator in Taiwan, said that compatriots on both sides of the Strait should work together for peaceful reunification and strive together to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Huang Ziyu (黄紫玉), chairman of Hong Kong Hengfeng Group (香港恒丰集团), said that her father, Huang Zhezhen (黄哲真), was ordered to participate in the work of receiving Taiwan. "My father actively devoted himself to the War of Resistance, and after Taiwan's retrocession, he devoted all his efforts to building Taiwan. His deep feelings for his family and country infected me. Eighty years ago, Taiwan was retroceded; 80 years later, compatriots on both sides of the Strait will work together to create a better future for national reunification and national rejuvenation."
Zhang Zongzhen (张宗真), president of the Macau Chinese Culture Development Promotion Association (澳门中华文化发展促进会), said that the practice of "one country, two systems" in Hong Kong (香港) and Macau (澳门) has achieved universally recognized success. As long as all Chinese sons and daughters, including compatriots in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan, follow the trend of history and share the great righteousness of the nation, they will surely be able to create a better future for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Lin Chuqin (林楚钦), vice president of the China Overseas Friendship Association (中华海外联谊会) and chairman of the Thai-Chinese Chamber of Commerce (泰国中华总商会), said that Taiwan's retrocession is the glory and pride of all Chinese sons and daughters. Overseas Chinese should take practical actions to defend the victory of Taiwan's retrocession and return to the motherland, resolutely oppose any form of "Taiwan independence" separatist plots and actions, and contribute the strength of the overseas Chinese community to the reunification of the motherland.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 江 琳
"Decorate with lanterns and streamers, full of joy, everyone sings victory songs. Sing throughout the cities and villages, the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复) must not be forgotten..."
October 25th is the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复纪念日). At the Sun Yat-sen Hall (中山堂) square in Taipei (台北), the "Taiwan Retrocession Memorial Song" echoes in front of the building that carries national memories.
Eighty years ago on this day, October 25, 1945, the surrender ceremony of Taiwan Province (台湾省) of the China War Zone (中国战区) was held at Taipei Public Hall (台北公会堂) (now Sun Yat-sen Hall (中山堂) in Taipei (台北)). The treasure island of Taiwan (台湾), which had suffered half a century of pain under Japanese colonial rule, returned to the embrace of the motherland.
Eighty years later, on the same land, songs are sung. Every "must not forget" is a remembrance of history.
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, and also the 80th anniversary of the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复). On October 25th, about 500 people from all walks of life in Taiwan (台湾) gathered in front of Sun Yat-sen Hall (中山堂) to participate in the commemorative event for the 80th anniversary of the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复), hosted by the Taiwan Association for Commemorating the War of Resistance Against Japan (台湾中华民族抗日战争纪念协会).
"Without the victory of the War of Resistance, there would be no Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复); with the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复), there is today's peace and prosperity." Kuomintang (国民党) Chairman Eric Chu (朱立伦) said in his speech that the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复) is a historical fact that cannot be forgotten, let alone erased or distorted, "The next generation should always remember it."
The exhibition of pictures such as "A Moment in the History of the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复历史的一刻)" and "Accepting the Instrument of Surrender (接受降书)" attracted many people to stop and watch. "In recent years, commemorative activities on the island have been downplayed, and many young people know too little about the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复). We Chinese people cannot forget our roots. These pictures record an unalterable history," said Chou Chin-che (周晋哲), a young man from Taiwan (台湾), who looked at them carefully.
Chou Chin-che (周晋哲) expressed his deep agreement with the establishment of the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复纪念日) and the holding of commemorative activities: "The Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复) is the result of the War of Resistance by all Chinese sons and daughters, and it is worthy of being remembered by all Chinese people."
The heroic spirit of heaven and earth remains awe-inspiring for thousands of years. On the morning of the 25th, the New Party (新党) held an autumn memorial ceremony at the Martyrs' Shrine (忠烈祠) in Taipei (台北) to remember the heroes, and organized a motorcade parade to "Celebrate Retrocession and Promote Reunification (庆光复 促统一)". Thirty commemorative vehicles drove mightily through the streets, with flags printed with the names of anti-Japanese martyrs such as Luo Fuxing (罗福星), Mona Rudao (莫那·鲁道), and Lin Hsien-tang (林献堂) fluttering in the wind. "They would rather sacrifice their lives than bow to the Japanese," "We are all Chinese"... slogans resounded through the streets and alleys. Passers-by stopped, some giving a thumbs up, and some taking out their mobile phones to take pictures.
The Cross-Strait Peace and Development Forum (两岸和平发展论坛), the Taiwan Unification Alliance (台湾统一联盟党), the Taiwan Labor Party (台湾劳动党) and 16 other groups on the island jointly held commemorative activities in Taipei (台北), with about 300 people participating in the rain. Youth representatives from the Taiwan Unification Alliance (台湾统一联盟党) read out the "Statement by All Sectors of Taiwan Society Commemorating the 80th Anniversary of the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾社会各界纪念台湾光复80周年声明)", emphasizing that Taiwan (台湾) has long returned to China (中国), and today's China (中国) is becoming increasingly powerful and will surely achieve national rejuvenation.
In the "Gongbao Mansion (宫保第)" of the Lin Family (林家) in Wufeng (雾峰), Taichung (台中), songs such as "Anti-Enemy Song (抗敌歌)", "Great Wall Ballad (长城谣)", and "Taiwan Retrocession Memorial Song (台湾光复纪念歌)" were sung, awakening historical memories. The Taiwan Association for the Relatives of Anti-Japanese Martyrs (台湾抗日志士亲属协进会) and other groups jointly held a "Concert Celebrating the Victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan and the 80th Anniversary of the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (庆祝抗战胜利暨台湾光复80周年音乐会)".
"From armed resistance to non-armed resistance, from resisting Japan in Taiwan (台湾) to rushing to the mainland battlefield, the Lin Family (林家) in Wufeng (雾峰) resisted for a full 50 years." Lin Ming-tsung (林铭聪), a descendant of the Lin Family (林家) in Wufeng (雾峰) and chairman of the Taiwan Association for the Relatives of Anti-Japanese Martyrs (台湾抗日志士亲属协进会), said that the family's history of resistance is a microcosm of the unyielding struggle of Taiwanese compatriots, and hopes to inspire future generations to strive for national rejuvenation through commemorative activities.
Sun Ruoyi (孙若怡), a retired professor from National Chung Hsing University (台湾中兴大学) in Taiwan (台湾), said with emotion: "I sang the 'Taiwan Retrocession Memorial Song (台湾光复纪念歌)' in school since I was a child to commemorate getting rid of colonial rule. However, under the DPP's (民进党) 'de-Sinicization' and 'resisting China to protect Taiwan (抗中保台)' manipulation, the historical memory of the Taiwanese people has been forcibly transformed."
"I am very moved by the establishment of the Retrocession Day of Taiwan (台湾光复纪念日). This is the deepest comfort to countless predecessors who sacrificed for the nation," said Sun Ruoyi (孙若怡). "Compatriots on both sides of the strait are one family connected by blood. By not forgetting where we came from and working together, we will surely share the great cause of the nation and create a better future for the Chinese nation."
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 田先进
Strengthen inclusive, foundational, and safety-net-oriented livelihood construction, and solve the urgent difficulties and pressing concerns of the people.
——Excerpt from the "Communique of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China"
"The surgery was very successful. After returning home, be careful not to get water on the incision. Come back for a follow-up examination in a month." Zu Cuihua (祖翠华), Director of the Gynecology Department of Dangtu County People's Hospital (当涂县人民医院) in Ma'anshan City (马鞍山市), Anhui Province (安徽省), said to the patient's family members waiting outside the door.
This surgery was not performed at Dangtu County People's Hospital (当涂县人民医院), but at Shiqiao Town Health Center (石桥镇卫生院) in Dangtu County (当涂县).
Previously, when Shiqiao Town Health Center (石桥镇卫生院) provided free screening for two types of cancer for women aged 35 to 65, it was discovered that Ding Xiaoqin (丁晓勤) (pseudonym), 59, had a fibroid in her uterus and she was advised to have surgery. Hearing that she needed surgery, Ding Xiaoqin (丁晓勤) was shocked, but the doctor comforted her: "You don't have to queue up at a big hospital. Experts from the county hospital can come to our town health center to perform the surgery."
On the day of admission, Ding Xiaoqin (丁晓勤) came to Shiqiao Town Health Center (石桥镇卫生院) for blood draws and X-rays. The relevant images and test data were directly transmitted to the county hospital. Half an hour later, the county hospital's diagnosis was sent back, and Ding Xiaoqin's (丁晓勤) surgery schedule was immediately determined. "I really don't need to go to the county seat to sign?" After receiving confirmation again, she was very happy.
On the day of the surgery, Zu Cuihua (祖翠华) rushed to Shiqiao Town (石桥镇) from the county seat. At 14:40, the operating light came on, and the surgery officially began. At 16:30, the last stitch was completed, the blood loss was less than 30 milliliters, and the surgery was successfully completed.
Being able to have surgery "at the doorstep" stems from the sinking of high-quality medical resources in Dangtu County (当涂县). In 2023, Dangtu County People's Hospital (当涂县人民医院) Integrated County Medical Community was rated as a provincial-level demonstration construction unit, realizing unified management of personnel, finances, and materials of village and town health institutions within its jurisdiction, and gradually exploring a medical treatment model of "acute and chronic disease separation, and upper and lower linkage."
After becoming a member unit of the county medical community, Shiqiao Town Health Center (石桥镇卫生院) has county hospital doctors rotating to provide consultations every week, and medical equipment such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripters have also been "put into service" at the town health center. The town health center has added 59 kinds of commonly used drugs, and 19 kinds of drugs for hypertension and diabetes.
"In the first three quarters of this year, the number of hospitalizations at the town health center increased by 19.8% year-on-year," said Wu Zusheng (吴祖胜), Executive Director of Shiqiao Town Health Center (石桥镇卫生院). "Basic-level examinations, upper-level diagnoses, and mutual recognition of results have become the norm."
"If the county medical community wants to achieve close ties, the integration of personnel, finances, and materials must be truly unified," said Xia Yongwei (夏永伟), President of Dangtu County People's Hospital (当涂县人民医院). "We implement the medical community's general hospital management model, and through optimizing the medical and health system and integrating medical and health resources, we allow more people to enjoy expert diagnosis and treatment at their doorstep."
In addition, Dangtu County People's Hospital (当涂县人民医院) also took the lead in establishing a medical community central pharmacy, so that villagers can buy medicines of the same price and quality as in the county seat without leaving their towns or villages. Wei Yuming (韦玉明), a 74-year-old villager in Qingshan Village (青山村), Huhe Town (护河镇), Dangtu County (当涂县), said with a smile while holding the antihypertensive medicine he had just bought: "In the past, after the medicine ran out, I had to go to the county hospital dozens of kilometers away to register and get the medicine. Now it's much more convenient. I can get a refill just around the corner."
Data from the Dangtu County Health and Health Commission (当涂县卫生健康委) shows that, to date, the number of remote imaging diagnoses and clinical tests provided by the medical community's leading hospital to township health centers has increased significantly. Looking forward to the "15th Five-Year Plan," Wang Yufang (汪郁芳), Director of the Dangtu County Health and Health Commission (当涂县卫生健康委), introduced that the next step will be to promote the in-depth development of medical community construction, help township health centers build 1-2 characteristic departments, train 2-3 business backbones, and strive to promote more county-level experts to be stationed in townships, increasing the county's consultation rate to 90%, so that high-quality medical services can take deeper roots and wider coverage at the grassroots level.
After being discharged from the hospital, Ding Xiaoqin (丁晓勤) recovered well and returned to work at the garment factory. "No abnormalities were found during the follow-up examination, and I feel completely relieved." Accompanied by the "da da da" sound of the sewing machine, Ding Xiaoqin (丁晓勤) said with a smile.
Return to TopBy: 陈 震
The shadowless lamp illuminates as county hospital experts arrive at the town health center to perform the surgery. The surgery, completed at the "doorstep" of the villagers, not only removed the lesion but also spared the patient the past hardships of traveling.
From experts going down to the grassroots level for consultations, to advanced medical equipment "settling down," to the promotion of remote diagnosis and treatment, and the construction of central pharmacies... The vivid practice of the close-knit county medical community reform has given the grassroots level more high-quality medical resources and effectively solved the urgent needs and concerns of the people in seeking medical treatment.
There is still room for further effort in continuously deepening medical reform and promoting the expansion and sinking of high-quality medical resources. Moving towards the "15th Five-Year Plan," increasing efforts to guarantee and improve people's livelihoods, strengthening inclusive, basic, and safety-net livelihood construction, and steadily promoting the equalization of basic public services will surely accelerate the pace of building a healthy China and bring more sense of gain, happiness, and security to the people.
Return to TopImproving the Quality of the Ecological Environment and Safeguarding Public Health
By Zhang Tianpei (张天培), reporter of this newspaper
On October 24th, the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee heard a report by Shen Chunyao (沈春耀), Deputy Director of the National People's Congress Constitution and Law Committee (全国人大宪法和法律委员会), on the revision of the draft of the Pollution Prevention and Control Compilation of the Ecological Environment Code and the draft of the Compilation of Legal Responsibilities and Supplementary Provisions.
It is reported that the second draft of the Pollution Prevention and Control Compilation enriches the overall requirements for pollution prevention and control work, and adds content on improving the quality of the ecological environment and safeguarding public health. Some members of the Standing Committee, departments, localities, experts, and the public suggested increasing financial support for agricultural and rural pollution prevention and control and strengthening the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested the following revisions to the draft of the Pollution Prevention and Control Compilation: First, it clarifies that people's governments at all levels should arrange funds in the fiscal budget to support rural domestic waste disposal and livestock and poultry and aquaculture pollution prevention and control. Second, it adds provisions on the scientific, reasonable, and safe use of agricultural inputs such as veterinary drugs, feed, and feed additives, and the scientific disposal of packaging waste from agricultural inputs. Third, it adds provisions that county-level people's governments organize the determination of densely populated areas of free-range livestock and poultry within their administrative regions.
In order to further strengthen the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adding the following provisions to the Pollution Prevention and Control Compilation: "The competent environmental protection department of the State Council (国务院) shall, in conjunction with relevant departments, determine key areas and key industries for heavy metal pollution prevention and control, and submit them to the State Council (国务院) for approval. The local people's governments at the level of cities divided into districts where the key areas are located shall organize the preparation and implementation of heavy metal pollution prevention and control plans in accordance with relevant national regulations. Key industry enterprises shall regularly conduct hidden danger investigation and rectification, and take effective measures to prevent and control heavy metal pollution."
In addition, in order to improve the standards for the prevention and control of volatile organic compound pollution, the Constitution and Law Committee, after research, suggested adding the following provisions to the Pollution Prevention and Control Compilation: It is forbidden to produce, import, or sell devices used to tamper with, shield, or falsify emission inspection data of motor vehicles, ships, non-road mobile machinery, railway locomotives, and engines, and inspection equipment that provides conditions for false emission inspections.
The second draft of the Compilation of Legal Responsibilities and Supplementary Provisions further implements the principle of proportionality between offenses and penalties, and optimizes and adjusts relevant provisions on fines.
Some members of the Standing Committee, departments, localities, and the public proposed that we should adhere to problem orientation and focus on promoting the solution of prominent problems in practice. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested focusing on ecological environment issues closely related to the production and life of the people and making revisions to the draft of the Compilation of Legal Responsibilities and Supplementary Provisions: strengthening the prevention and control of groundwater pollution and increasing legal responsibility for unauthorized extraction of groundwater; increasing the penalties for ecological environment service agencies that engage in fraud and issue false reports in relevant ecological environment service activities; focusing on the issue of oil fume pollution and adding provisions for oil fume generating units to consult with residents and take relevant preventive and remedial measures.
Clarifying the Scope of Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Cases
By Zhang Cong (张璁), reporter of this newspaper
On October 24th, at the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, Yang Xiaocha (杨晓超), Chairman of the National People's Congress Supervision and Judicial Affairs Committee (全国人大监察和司法委员会), made an explanation on the "Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Law of the People's Republic of China (Draft)."
Yang Xiaocha (杨晓超) said that the formulation of the Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Law, which further summarizes the relatively mature experiences and various institutional innovation achievements formed over the past 10 years, is conducive to further promoting the procuratorial public interest litigation work to maintain integrity and innovate, improve quality and efficiency, and develop in an all-round way.
The draft is divided into 6 chapters with a total of 53 articles. The draft clarifies the scope of procuratorial public interest litigation cases, lists 14 fields stipulated in current laws, adds 2 fields of cultural heritage protection and protection of national defense and military interests that are relatively mature in practice, and uses other public interest litigation cases stipulated by law as a catch-all. The draft also encourages the public to participate in the protection of national interests and social public interests, provide clues and supervise case handling in accordance with the law, and further standardize clue handling procedures. It clarifies that the handling of public interest litigation cases by the People's Procuratorate is subject to the supervision of people's supervisors.
In terms of rationally allocating the case-handling powers of procuratorial organs, the draft stipulates the filing conditions for procuratorial organs to handle administrative public interest litigation cases and civil public interest litigation cases, respectively. At the same time, it stipulates that procuratorial organs should give priority to realizing public interest protection by urging administrative organs to perform their duties in accordance with the law. The draft also stipulates the investigation organization and investigation methods for procuratorial organs to investigate and collect evidence in handling public interest litigation cases, and clarifies that procuratorial organs shall not take compulsory measures such as restricting personal freedom or sealing up, detaining, or freezing property.
Yang Xiaocha (杨晓超) introduced that the draft standardizes and improves pre-litigation procedures, clarifies the procedures for procuratorial organs to put forward procuratorial opinions and administrative organs to reply and rectify, and stipulates that procuratorial organs should strengthen communication with administrative organs when handling administrative public interest litigation cases. In addition, the draft stipulates the announcement procedures for procuratorial organs to file civil public interest lawsuits, and clarifies that in the fields of ecological environment and resource protection, food and drug safety stipulated in current laws, when other organs and organizations stipulated by law do not file lawsuits or relevant organs do not initiate ecological environment damage compensation procedures, procuratorial organs may file civil public interest lawsuits in accordance with the law.
Providing Solid Legal Guarantees for Farmland Protection and Quality Improvement
By Peng Bo (彭波), reporter of this newspaper
On October 24th, the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee deliberated on the "Farmland Protection and Quality Improvement Law of the People's Republic of China (Draft)." He Rong (贺荣), Minister of Justice, said in her explanation that in view of the outstanding problems of farmland "non-agriculturalization" and "non-grain production," the overall low quality of farmland, and the grim situation of farmland ecological protection, it is necessary to formulate special laws on the basis of existing laws such as the Land Management Law and the Food Security Guarantee Law to further comprehensively and systematically regulate farmland protection and quality improvement activities, so as to provide a more solid and powerful legal guarantee for effectively guarding the lifeline of farmland and consolidating the foundation of national food security.
It is reported that the draft has 8 chapters and 65 articles. The draft clarifies the overall requirements for farmland protection, stipulates that the state adheres to the strictest farmland protection system and the strictest land conservation and intensive use system, and strictly adheres to the red line of farmland protection. It stipulates that the preparation of territorial space plans should clarify farmland protection goals, local people's governments at all levels should strictly implement them, and provincial people's governments should ensure that the total amount of farmland does not decrease, the quality is improved, and the ecological function is stable. It stipulates that local people's governments at all levels should coordinate the protection of farmland and other agricultural land and gradually optimize the spatial layout of farmland and other agricultural land.
In response to the problem of farmland "non-agriculturalization," the draft stipulates that the state implements total amount and intensity control of construction land, establishes a land use system that links the scale of newly added construction land occupying agricultural land with the efficiency of stock construction land use, and no unit or individual may arbitrarily occupy permanent basic farmland or change its use, and it is forbidden to occupy farmland to dig lakes and create landscapes or arbitrarily green and afforest or plant turf on farmland. In response to the problem of farmland "non-grain production," the draft clearly stipulates that farmland should be mainly used for the production of grain and agricultural products such as cotton, oil, sugar, and vegetables, as well as feed and forage, and strictly control the conversion of farmland to other agricultural land such as forest land, grassland, and gardens. In response to the problem that the quantity and quality of farmland are not adequately supplemented in the occupation-compensation balance, the draft clearly stipulates that all types of farmland occupation behaviors should be uniformly included in the occupation-compensation balance management, and the supplemented farmland should be equivalent to the quantity and quality of the occupied farmland, and no more occupation and less compensation, occupation of superior and compensation of inferior, or occupation of whole and compensation of scattered should be allowed.
In terms of making every effort to improve the quality of farmland, the draft clarifies the overall requirements for improving the quality of farmland and improves the diversified investment mechanism for improving the quality of farmland. It strengthens the construction of high-standard farmland, improves the construction, acceptance, and management and protection mechanisms of high-standard farmland, and establishes a national high-standard farmland database. The draft also encourages and supports the comprehensive transformation and utilization of saline-alkali land, supports the development of degraded farmland management, and promotes the sustainable utilization of farmland.
Promoting the Healthy Development of Artificial Intelligence
By Zhang Cong (张璁), reporter of this newspaper
On October 24th, the "Cybersecurity Law of the People's Republic of China (Revised Draft)" was submitted to the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee for deliberation. Previously, the 17th session of the Standing Committee conducted a preliminary review of the revised draft of the Cybersecurity Law.
Some members of the Standing Committee suggested implementing General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important thought on building a cyber superpower and enriching the content of the guiding principles for cybersecurity work. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adding the following provisions: Cybersecurity work adheres to the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), implements the overall national security concept, coordinates development and security, and promotes the construction of a cyber superpower.
Some members of the Standing Committee and local governments and the public proposed that the current rapid development and application of artificial intelligence technology should be actively responded to in this law, supporting artificial intelligence technology innovation, strengthening infrastructure construction and risk prevention, and promoting the healthy development of artificial intelligence. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adding the following provisions: The state supports basic research on artificial intelligence theory and the research and development of key technologies such as algorithms, promotes the construction of infrastructure such as artificial intelligence training data resources and computing power, improves artificial intelligence ethics norms, strengthens safety risk monitoring and assessment, innovates and strengthens artificial intelligence safety supervision, and promotes the healthy development of artificial intelligence.
Some members of the Standing Committee suggested further improving the connection with laws such as the Civil Code and the Personal Information Protection Law in terms of personal information protection. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adding the following provisions: Network operators handling personal information shall comply with the provisions of this law and laws and administrative regulations such as the "Civil Code of the People's Republic of China" and the "Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China."
Strengthening the Supervisory Functions of the Residents' Affairs Supervision Committee
By Zhang Tianpei (张天培), reporter of this newspaper
On October 24th, the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee deliberated on the revised draft of the Urban Residents Committee Organization Law. Previously, the 16th session of the Standing Committee conducted a preliminary review of the draft.
With the changes in China's population situation, the elderly and children need to be given more care and attention. Some members of the Standing Committee, local governments, and departments proposed that the responsibilities of the residents' committee in this regard should be further strengthened. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adding a "Work on the Elderly and Women and Children" committee to the committees under the residents' committee and adding care and attention to "the elderly and children" to the responsibilities of the residents' committee.
Some opinions suggested further clarifying the forms and time limit requirements for the disclosure of residents' affairs. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adding the following provisions: "The residents' committee shall set up a column for the disclosure of residents' affairs and may use modern information technology to disclose residents' affairs. The publication period shall not be less than fifteen days."
In order to further enrich the relevant provisions of the Residents' Affairs Supervision Committee and strengthen its supervision of the residents' committee and its members, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adding the following provisions: The term of office of the Residents' Affairs Supervision Committee shall be the same as the term of office of the residents' committee; members of the Residents' Affairs Supervision Committee may attend meetings of residents' representatives; if the Residents' Affairs Supervision Committee discovers any violations of discipline or law that infringe upon the interests of the masses in the process of performing its duties, it shall report to the sub-district office or the people's government of the city without districts or the municipal district and the supervisory authority.
Adding a Ship Ownership Registration Inquiry System
By Zhang Tianpei (张天培), reporter of this newspaper
On October 24th, the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee deliberated on the revised draft of the Maritime Law. Previously, the 16th session of the Standing Committee conducted a second review of the draft.
In order to facilitate ship rights holders and interested parties to understand the registration status of ship ownership in ship transactions or relevant state organs in law enforcement, some members of the Standing Committee proposed adding a ship ownership registration inquiry system. In this regard, the third draft of the bill adds the following provisions: "Ship rights holders, interested parties, and relevant state organs may inquire about the registration status of ship ownership in accordance with the law."
The second draft of the bill stipulates that if two or more ship mortgages are established on the same ship and the ship mortgage has been registered, the compensation shall be received in the order of registration time, and the compensation shall be received in the same order if registered on the same day. Some members of the Standing Committee, local governments, and the public proposed that, regarding the order of repayment of registered mortgages, according to the provisions of the Civil Code and the practice of ship mortgage registration, it is recommended to delete the provision that "compensation shall be received in the same order if registered on the same day." After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adopting this opinion.
Some members of the Standing Committee, deputies to the National People's Congress (全国人大), and the public proposed that how to identify and determine whether a carrier belongs to a factual determination issue is relatively complicated, and it is difficult for the law to make comprehensive and accurate provisions. It is recommended to delete the provisions on how to identify the carrier under special circumstances. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adopting this opinion.
Village Committee Responsibilities to Add Care and Attention to "the Elderly and Left-Behind Children"
By Zhang Cong (张璁), reporter of this newspaper
The "Organization Law of Village Committees of the People's Republic of China (Revised Draft)" was submitted to the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee for deliberation on October 24th. Previously, the 16th session of the Standing Committee conducted a preliminary review of the draft.
Some members of the Standing Committee, local governments, and departments proposed that the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) clearly stated that "grassroots democracy is an important embodiment of whole-process people's democracy," and the "Decision" of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) proposed to "improve the urban and rural grassroots governance system that combines party organization leadership, self-governance, rule of law, and rule of virtue." It is recommended that this be reflected in the draft. The Constitution and Law Committee agreed with this opinion and suggested adding the following provisions: The work of the village committee "adheres to and develops whole-process people's democracy, and adheres to the combination of self-governance, rule of law, and rule of virtue."
Some members of the Standing Committee, local governments, and departments proposed that, with the changes in China's population situation, the elderly and rural left-behind children need to be given more care and attention. It is recommended that the responsibilities of the village committee in this regard be further strengthened. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested making the following revisions to the relevant articles of the draft: First, the "Women and Children's Work" committee in the committees under the village committee will be changed to the "Elderly and Women and Children's Work" committee; second, care and attention to "the elderly and left-behind children" will be added to the responsibilities of the village committee.
Reasonably Setting the Taxable Scope of Environmental Protection Tax
Beijing, October 25 (Reporter Peng Bo (彭波)) On October 24th, the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee deliberated on the "Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People's Republic of China (Revised Draft)." Previously, the 17th session of the Standing Committee conducted a preliminary review of the draft.
Some members of the Standing Committee and local governments and enterprises suggested that the draft should put forward requirements for reasonably setting the taxable scope and tax calculation methods, and accelerating pilot work, so as to promote the smooth progress of the volatile organic compound taxation pilot. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adding the following provisions: The State Council (国务院) and its relevant departments should, according to the characteristics of volatile organic compounds, reasonably set the taxable scope, improve monitoring technology and emission calculation methods, strengthen work coordination, and accelerate the promotion of pilot work.
Some members of the Standing Committee suggested further clarifying the State Council's (国务院) proposal to amend the law within the five-year pilot period. After research, the Constitution and Law Committee suggested adopting this opinion.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 25th (北京) -- To thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second, Third, and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 20th Central Committee, to study and practice Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Culture, to focus on cultivating a large-scale team of outstanding artistic talents, and to contribute to the construction of a strong socialist cultural power, the "Art Garden Highlights - 2025 National Exhibition and Performance of Outstanding Young Artistic Talents," jointly organized by the Bureau of Arts of the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部文艺局), the Domestic Liaison Department of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles (中国文联国内联络部), and relevant national literary and artistic associations, opened in Beijing (北京) on the 25th.
The exhibition and performance aim to build a high-standard, professional, and systematic display platform for young talents with artistic dreams to stand out, and through national linkage, layer-by-layer selection, master teaching, work polishing, and centralized exhibition and performance, to cultivate a large number of virtuous and talented new stars, and to inspire and encourage the vast number of young literary and art workers to unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平同志) at its core, and to better shoulder the cultural mission of the new era.
The exhibition and performance will be held successively from October 25th to November 27th at the Erqi Theater (二七剧场), the National Theater of the Central National Song and Dance Ensemble (中央民族歌舞团民族剧院), the Mei Lanfang Grand Theater (梅兰芳大剧院), and the Opera Music Hall of the Central Conservatory of Music (中央音乐学院歌剧音乐厅), covering five art categories: drama, music, folk art, dance, and acrobatics, with a total of 13 performances. The focus is on promoting young actors in martial arts and comedic roles in opera, young performers of national wind instruments, young folk art performers in cross-talk, sketches, and storytelling, new dancers, and young actors in acrobatics, magic, and comedy, totaling more than 100 people.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 戴林峰 祝大伟
"We must take effective measures to protect the black soil, this 'panda of cultivated land,' and leave it to our future generations."
——Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary, emphasized this during his inspection in Jilin (吉林) on July 22, 2020.
Xi Jinping (习近平) always keeps in mind how to properly handle the relationship between black soil protection and utilization.
"This work is very important!" Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized during his inspection in Jilin (吉林) in July 2020. "The Northeast is one of the three major black soil regions in the world, the 'golden corn belt' and the 'hometown of soybeans.' While the black soil is highly productive, it also faces the problem of overdrawn soil fertility. We must take effective measures to protect the black soil, this 'panda of cultivated land,' and leave it to our future generations."
This autumn, good news came from the black soil: Yongfa Village (永发村), Xinsheng Township (新生乡), Baiquan County (拜泉县), Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省), produced "ton-grain fields" in the erosion gully treatment plots—corn yields exceeded 1,000 kilograms per mu! Before the treatment in 2021, the yield was only 300 kilograms per mu.
Erosion gullies are formed by rainstorms, devouring cultivated land and dividing farmland. Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省) has a total of 115,500 erosion gullies, with a total length of 45,000 kilometers.
The No. 1 Central Document of 2025 proposed "strengthening the treatment of erosion gullies in the Northeast black soil region." To treat the 2,810-meter-long erosion gully in Yongfa Village (永发村), Baiquan County (拜泉县) invested 3.8 million yuan, reducing slopes, building stone cages, and planting shrubs, shrinking the more than 20-meter-deep gully to 5 meters.
"'Fragmented land' has been turned back into 'whole fields,' and the black soil that had become thin, lean, and hard in previous years has regained its oily sheen," said Yang Weijie (杨维杰), a villager in Yongfa Village (永发村), as he scooped up a handful of soil. Nearly 50 mu of Lao Yang's (老杨) 120 mu of cultivated land are adjacent to erosion gullies, and now all have been treated and reclaimed.
Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "The foundation of grain production lies in cultivated land, the lifeline lies in water conservancy, the way out lies in science and technology, and the driving force lies in policy. These key points must be implemented one by one."
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) invested a total of 14.406 billion yuan in central funds to the Northeast black soil region, treating 57,300 development-type erosion gullies, protecting approximately 13.74 million mu of cultivated land, and increasing grain production by approximately 330 million jin per year.
"Covering" the black soil with straw, with a subsidy of 20 yuan per mu for returning straw to the field; "relaxing" the black soil with deep plowing, with a subsidy of 30 yuan per mu; letting the black soil "breathe" with crop rotation, with a subsidy of 150 yuan per mu... Over the course of a year, Lao Yang (老杨) received nearly 20,000 yuan in various subsidies for black soil protection.
Storing grain in the land and storing grain in technology, Lao Yang (老杨) also enjoyed soil testing and fertilizer recommendation services, allowing the black soil to "eat" a nutritious meal. In 2024, the average organic matter content of soil in Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省) reached 40.3 grams per kilogram, an increase of 4.1 grams per kilogram compared to 2016.
"Black soil produces 'gold,' stimulating the endogenous motivation of farmers," said Zhang Xiaochen (张晓晨), Director of the Soil and Water Conservation Division of the Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Water Resources (黑龙江省水利厅). Baiquan County (拜泉县) is the only national pilot zone for high-quality development of soil and water conservation in the Northeast black soil region, and also a grassroots research site of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部).
Zhang Xiaochen (张晓晨) accompanied the research team of the Songliao Water Resources Commission (松辽水利委员会) of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部), stepping on the ridges to go to the countryside to ask for needs. In 2024, the number of erosion gully treatment projects in the Northeast black soil region supported by additional national debt funds reached 27,700, an amount equivalent to the total of the past 10 years. Treatment cannot completely rely on appropriations, and many places are trying to transform the value of ecological products. In response to problems such as difficulty in valuation, difficulty in mortgage, and difficulty in realization, the research team fed local demands back to relevant departments of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部), which quickly received a response.
"Coordination between the ministry and the province, and linkage between the central and local governments, are 蹚出 (tāng chū - "wade out," to find a new path or solution through exploration and effort) a new path for black soil protection." Feng Wei (冯伟), Director of the Monitoring and Evaluation Division of the Soil and Water Conservation Department of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部), went to Heilongjiang (黑龙江) with the inspection team from May to June last year to conduct on-site research on erosion gully treatment. Based on summarizing the pilot experience of one policy per place, he guided and promoted the issuance of the *Heilongjiang Province Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Product Value Accounting Guidelines (Trial)* (《黑龙江省水土保持生态产品价值核算指南（试行）》), innovatively adding 4 secondary indicators such as "erosion gully treatment to restore cultivated land," so that ecological value assessment has a basis to rely on.
In 2024, "coordinated promotion of erosion gully treatment" was written into the *Opinions on Strengthening Cultivated Land Protection, Improving Cultivated Land Quality, and Improving the Balance of Occupation and Compensation* (关于加强耕地保护提升耕地质量完善占补平衡的意见) issued by the General Office of the CPC Central Committee (中办) and the General Office of the State Council (国办).
"Open up new ideas for black soil protection, and seize the opportunity if you see it." Xie Wei (谢维), Director of the Ecological Construction Division of the Soil and Water Conservation Department of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部), introduced that as of September this year, provinces in the Songliao River Basin (松辽流域) have completed 7 transactions of newly added cultivated land indicators for erosion gully treatment and value transformation of soil and water conservation ecological products, with a transaction amount of 17.8277 million yuan.
Every inch of land is of vital importance to the national economy and the people's livelihood, and every ridge and mu carries China's rice bowl. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China has cumulatively protected more than 400 million mu of black soil, and promulgated the *Black Soil Protection Law of the People's Republic of China* (《中华人民共和国黑土地保护法》), building a solid foundation for the granary of a major country with "hard measures with teeth."
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 韩春瑶 李亚楠
"It is essential to effectively reduce overall social logistics costs, enhance the core competitiveness of industries, and improve the efficiency of economic operations."
——Xi Jinping (习近平), February 23, 2024, at the fourth meeting of the 20th Central Financial and Economic Affairs Commission (二十届中央财经委员会)
The comprehensive revitalization of rural areas is inseparable from logistics support. Remote and sparsely populated rural areas have long been logistical bottlenecks.
In September 2019, during an inspection in Henan (河南), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must actively develop rural e-commerce and express delivery services, broaden the sales channels for agricultural products, and increase farmers' incomes."
A series of precise and effective policies have promoted the unimpeded and increasingly smooth flow of logistics "channels": In 2021, the General Office of the State Council (国办) issued the "Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of a Rural Postal and Express Logistics System"; the No. 1 Central Document of 2022 proposed accelerating the layout of rural logistics and express delivery outlets and implementing the "Express Delivery to Villages" project; in 2024, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中办) and the General Office of the State Council (国办) jointly issued the "Action Plan for Effectively Reducing Overall Social Logistics Costs"...
In recent years, Mingkun'ge'er Village (明昆格尔村), Awati Township (阿瓦提乡), Korla City (库尔勒市), Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区), has become a free shipping zone for online shopping.
"Ding!" After lunch, Xing Baobao (邢保保), a villager in Mingkun'ge'er Village (明昆格尔村), received a text message that the paper towels he had ordered online a few days ago had arrived. "The speed is quite fast, and the key is free shipping!"
Less than a kilometer away is the village's express delivery point, with shelves full of packages. A staff member introduced: "Packages are delivered to the express delivery point through postal and express cooperation. When sending express deliveries, villagers bring the packages here, and then the couriers pick them up together."
It is necessary to help farmers sell their products well and at good prices, and also to enable farmers to buy products conveniently and affordably. The continuous expansion of express delivery free shipping zones has facilitated the production and lives of the people and has also become an important window reflecting the cost reduction and efficiency improvement of logistics.
The rural postal and express logistics network is spreading and extending across the vast countryside. Taking Xinjiang (新疆) as an example, as of the end of 2024, Xinjiang (新疆) had 1,537 postal universal service business outlets and 7,920 village-level postal and express logistics comprehensive service stations (village postal stations), basically achieving full coverage of express delivery services in administrative villages.
To achieve free shipping for express deliveries, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Postal Administration (新疆维吾尔自治区邮政管理局) facilitated cooperation between postal and express delivery companies and e-commerce platforms, established transit and distribution warehouses in Xi'an (西安), Shaanxi (陕西), Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江), and other places, and launched a new express delivery model of first sending national express deliveries to distribution warehouses and then centrally and uniformly sending them to Xinjiang (新疆), leveraging economies of scale to significantly reduce transportation costs. "Even fresh products with high timeliness requirements can now be shipped for free," said Xing Baobao (邢保保).
The increasingly dense logistics network is helping more and more distinctive agricultural products reach all parts of the country. In 2024, the ratio of express delivery receipts to deliveries in Xinjiang (新疆) narrowed from 3.05:1 in the previous year to 2.54:1, the online retail sales in rural areas increased by 18.18% year-on-year, and the online retail sales of agricultural products increased by 14.08% year-on-year.
Looking at the whole country, 346,000 village-level postal and express logistics comprehensive service stations have been built, the coverage rate of express delivery services in administrative villages exceeds 95%, and more than 100 million express delivery packages flow in rural areas every day. In Shaanxi (陕西), agricultural products such as apples and kiwis are leaving the mountains along the express delivery network; in Yunnan (云南), flowers, coffee, and other products are spreading their fragrance overseas through cross-border logistics... The continuous improvement of the rural postal and express logistics system has effectively promoted the flow of urban and rural resources and factors and stimulated the momentum of rural development.
Consumer goods going to the countryside and agricultural products going to the cities, making urban and rural circulation smoother, is a vivid reflection of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) concern for "allowing the people to obtain tangible and visible benefits."
As the construction of a unified national market deepens, the "capillaries" of highways, railways, waterways, aviation, and other networks are continuously enriched, logistics become more convenient and smooth, injecting surging power into efficient economic operation.
Looking at land transportation, the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing main axis highway logistics park is racing against time, striving towards the goal of overall operation by the end of the year. After the completion of the project, it will become the largest highway logistics hub in the central region of the Chengdu-Chongqing main axis.
Looking at water transportation, the Jianghuai Canal (江淮运河), which is fully navigable, has changed the history of waterway detours via the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (京杭大运河) between the Huai River (淮河) region and the Yangtze River (长江) region, significantly shortening the channel mileage and voyage cycle.
Looking at air transportation, Ezhou Huahu International Airport (鄂州花湖国际机场), Asia's first professional cargo hub airport, has cargo routes extending outwards, building an air cargo network radiating across Asia, connecting Europe and the United States, and reaching Africa.
With smoother logistics channels, the economic pulse is stronger. On the new journey, continuously promoting the reduction of logistics costs and the improvement of quality and efficiency will further smooth the national economic cycle and help improve the efficiency of economic operations.
Return to TopThis newspaper Shiyan (十堰) October 25th (Reporter Tian Doudou (田豆豆)) On the morning of October 25th, the 2025 International Wudang Tai Chi Culture Festival, themed "The World's Tai Chi Meets Wudang, Wudang Tai Chi Harmonizes the World," opened in Shiyan City (十堰市), Hubei Province (湖北省). This Culture Festival is hosted by the Shiyan Municipal People's Government (十堰市人民政府) and the Hubei Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism (湖北省文化和旅游厅). In addition to the opening ceremony, it will also host activities such as a master lecture hall, international travel agent cooperation and exchange, the Wudang Mountain (武当山) "Winter Charm" themed photography exhibition, and the Wudang Mountain (武当山) Tai Chi Night Culture and Tourism Consumption Week.
During the Culture Festival, the 8th Wudang Tai Chi International Friendship Competition will be held simultaneously. This competition is an international martial arts event jointly hosted by the Martial Arts Sports Management Center of the State General Administration of Sport (国家体育总局武术运动管理中心), the Chinese Wushu Association (中国武术协会), the Hubei Provincial Sports Bureau (湖北省体育局), and the Shiyan Municipal People's Government (十堰市人民政府). Since its establishment in 1999, it has accumulated more than 10,000 participating athletes, involving more than 100 countries and regions such as the United States, Canada, Australia, and Malaysia.
Return to TopBy: 《中国经济周刊》记者 贾 璇
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China actively developed high-precision observation methods. The independently developed Beidou sounding system reached a global leading level, and the world's largest ground-based remote sensing vertical observation network was built.
This is an epitome of the application of the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (hereinafter referred to as "Beidou System"). The Beidou System is a global satellite navigation system independently constructed and operated by China and is the infrastructure of the national spatiotemporal information field. Today, Beidou has entered a new stage of large-scale application, fully integrated into the construction of important national infrastructure, as well as mass consumption, the sharing economy, and other fields. It has also entered the standards systems of 11 international organizations such as civil aviation and maritime affairs.
Moving towards the "15th Five-Year Plan," how can the Beidou System achieve more advanced technology, more powerful functions, and better services, so as to better serve the world and benefit mankind? In this issue of "Viewing the Frontier," Lin Baojun (林宝军), chief designer of the Beidou-3 satellite system, reveals the evolution of the Beidou System.
-- Editor
New Technology
Upgrading the configuration of spaceborne atomic clocks and equipping them with new inter-satellite link terminals
"The Beidou System has been globally networked for 5 years. In-orbit operation verification shows that its stability, accuracy, and continuity still maintain a world-class level," Lin Baojun (林宝军) introduced.
Looking back at the beginning of the system's establishment, Beidou-1 broke through the "two-star positioning" theory and successfully realized the "from 0 to 1" regional experiment. Today, the Beidou System serves more than 200 countries and regions. The system has achieved a leap in positioning accuracy from the ten-meter level to the sub-meter level, and the time synchronization capability has also entered the nanosecond (one billionth of a second) era.
Although the system's performance continues to lead, Beidou people have not stopped. In order to make the system perform better and provide more stable services, Beidou System technology continues to "innovate."
At 9:14 on September 19, 2024, the 59th and 60th Beidou navigation satellites were successfully launched. This group of satellites is the second group of medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellites launched after the global networking of the Beidou System. It has now been connected to the whole and is carrying out new technology experiments for the next generation of Beidou System.
The overall research and development of these two "new stars" is being led by Lin Baojun (林宝军) and his team. "Compared with previous MEO satellites, this time the spaceborne atomic clock configuration has been specially upgraded, and a new inter-satellite link terminal has been equipped," he said.
Spaceborne atomic clocks use electromagnetic waves absorbed or emitted when atoms transition between different energy states to keep time. The period of this electromagnetic wave is very stable, making atomic clocks the "world's most accurate timing tool," which belongs to national strategic resources.
"It can be said that whoever makes the best atomic clock will have the best navigation," Lin Baojun (林宝军) introduced. The Beidou-3 networking stars are mainly based on hydrogen atomic clocks, which can achieve "an error of only 1 second every 3 million years."
It should be noted that if the timing error exceeds one-thousandth of a second per day, communication networks, transportation, and financial systems will fall into chaos; when measuring satellite distances, a timing error of one billionth of a second will produce an error of about 30 centimeters.
Regarding the upgraded spaceborne atomic clock configuration, Lin Baojun (林宝军) believes: "Higher accuracy and smaller drift rate will improve the time-frequency performance of the Beidou System by another order of magnitude."
The inter-satellite link is a design path that integrates inter-satellite and satellite-ground transmission functions. Using this method can solve the problem of not being able to establish ground stations globally and not being able to achieve overseas satellite data transmission.
Lin Baojun (林宝军) used children holding hands to form a circle as an analogy: traditional inter-satellite link technology can only talk to adjacent children; while the Beidou System's phased array inter-satellite link technology is equivalent to shouting to several people on the opposite side at the same time. Satellites "face-to-face" networking can not only communicate with each other, transmit data, and range, but also automatically "maintain formation," realizing "one star communicates, all stars communicate," like building a "space WeChat group," reducing ground management and maintenance pressure.
Previously, Beidou-3 used Ka-band phased array inter-satellite link technology to improve the orbit determination accuracy to the centimeter level. The entire constellation only needs about 5 minutes to complete a round of full-network communication ranging. Regarding the new inter-satellite link terminal, Lin Baojun (林宝军) revealed, "It performs better in measurement and time synchronization, playing a role in connecting the past and the future for the next generation of Beidou System."
New Applications
"Beidou+" "+Beidou," innovative applications break through the vertical depth of industries
"After the global networking of the Beidou System, it has accelerated the integration with big data, artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, 5G, and other technologies. 'Beidou+' '+Beidou' has broken through the application depth of various industries," Lin Baojun (林宝军) said.
For example, the reason why traffic lights all over the country can be as precise as if they are using a stopwatch is an application case of the Beidou System integrating ground-based augmentation, cloud computing, 5G, and other technologies. What is the principle behind it?
Lin Baojun (林宝军) introduced that the first step is to unify the "alignment" of the Beidou System. "If the traffic lights at each intersection are timed separately, it is inevitable that you will be fast and I will be slow over time, and the entire traffic rhythm will be disrupted." Now, multiple networked spaceborne atomic clocks send a standard timing signal to the ground every second. Various systems, including the traffic light control center, use this as the standard for collective "alignment" to ensure that the timing of all traffic lights is completely consistent.
The second step is to "deploy troops" with the Beidou System. To make traffic flow run more smoothly, it is necessary to rely on the precise positioning and timing of Beidou to work together. The traffic command center can use the Beidou System to grasp the traffic density and speed of key road sections in real time, dynamically adjust the countdown and green light duration of multiple traffic lights, and plan "green wave belts."
The third step is to "accurately forecast" with the Beidou System. When a vehicle approaches an intersection, the vehicle's navigation or mobile phone APP will do two things at the same time: use the Beidou System to accurately locate and determine the vehicle's position and distance from the intersection; and obtain the traffic light status accurate to the second at that intersection from the traffic cloud.
"This is one case of the thousands of innovative applications of the Beidou System. More than 80% of the information in our lives is related to time and space. The Beidou System is an important new type of infrastructure," Lin Baojun (林宝军) said.
According to the "2025 China Satellite Navigation and Location Services Industry Development White Paper," by the end of 2024, the total number of Beidou terminal equipment applications in major industry fields has approached 30 million units/sets. The cumulative shipment of domestic Beidou-compatible chips and modules has approached 2.3 billion units (including smartphones), and the total social ownership of terminal products with Beidou positioning functions has exceeded 2 billion units/sets (including smartphones).
New Trends
Completing the construction of the next generation of Beidou System in 2035, which will form a "lunar Beidou mini-system"
The "Beidou Satellite Navigation System Development Plan Before 2035" clearly states that on the basis of ensuring the stable operation of the Beidou-3 system, China will build a next-generation Beidou System with more advanced technology, more powerful functions, and better services.
"The key technology research for the next generation of Beidou System has been launched," Lin Baojun (林宝军) said. Around 2027, China will launch 3 pilot test satellites to carry out new technology system tests for the next generation; around 2029, it will begin launching networking satellites for the next generation of Beidou System; and in 2035, it will complete the construction of the next generation of Beidou System.
The next generation of Beidou System is characterized by "accurate and reliable, accessible everywhere, intelligent, networked, and flexible," and will provide global users and other positioning, navigation, and timing systems with meter-level to decimeter-level real-time high-precision and high-integrity navigation, positioning, and timing services covering open space on the Earth's surface and near-Earth space.
"The next generation of Beidou System is highly anticipated, especially its ability to cover deep space," Lin Baojun (林宝军) revealed that the next generation of Beidou System will extend the "road signs" from the Earth's periphery to the Moon and even deeper space, forming a "lunar Beidou mini-system" to provide navigation and communication services for future manned lunar landings, lunar bases, and Mars spacecraft.
The future is not far away. Lin Baojun (林宝军) introduced that China has recently successfully built the world's first three-satellite constellation in cislunar space based on a distant retrograde orbit (DRO). Cislunar space refers to the three-dimensional universe space outside the Earth's geosynchronous orbit, mainly affected by the gravity of the Earth and the Moon, which is a huge area extending from 36,000 kilometers to 2 million kilometers from the Earth and has abundant strategic resources such as materials, energy, and orbits.
The three satellites deployed and developed for the "Cislunar Space DRO Exploration Research" have now stably established million-kilometer-level inter-satellite measurement and communication links in cislunar space and have achieved a number of original scientific and technological achievements, laying the foundation for China's development and utilization of cislunar space and leading the frontier exploration of space science.
"It can be said that the cislunar space three-satellite constellation is an extension and leap of the next generation of Beidou System," Lin Baojun (林宝军) revealed that there are plans to establish a "unified cislunar space-time reference" in the future. This means that whether it is a user on Earth or an astronaut on the Moon, they will use the same time system and coordinate framework. The cislunar constellation will synchronize time and exchange data with the Beidou System through ground stations and space links to ensure that the Earth and the Moon are unified in time and space.
Return to TopBy: 本期主持人：林宝军
Netizen: Since the Beidou system is so accurate, why does the mobile phone navigation suddenly lose track sometimes when driving to an overpass?
Answer: This question is very typical. The Beidou system provides a stable and accurate signal source in the sky, but the physical structure of the complex environment of the overpass is like a "lid," temporarily blocking these signals. The high-precision characteristics of the Beidou system itself can sometimes amplify this instantaneous positioning data fluctuation. During the few seconds when the phone is "blind," it relies on its own "guess" of the travel path, which can easily lead to a situation where it cannot keep up. This is not because the Beidou system is inaccurate, but because the signal is blocked and disturbed.
When we drive onto an overpass, the bridge surface itself, the tall bridge piers, and the surrounding dense buildings form an "urban canyon," physically blocking the direct signals from navigation satellites such as Beidou from being received by the mobile phone. In an instant, the mobile phone can only receive a small number of reflected signals or weak signals from satellites, which prevents it from calculating an accurate location. Secondly, in the overpass area, the Beidou signal may be reflected multiple times between the bridge surface, guardrails, and vehicles. These reflected signals that have 走了弯路 (zǒu le wān lù - "walked a winding road," taken a roundabout route) are superimposed on the direct signals, which will "deceive" the mobile phone, causing it to misjudge the location, resulting in positioning drift or lag on the bridge above or below. With the optimization of ground receiver algorithms, this situation will be gradually resolved.
Return to TopBy: 李彦希
Ropes, one of the oldest and most fundamental tools in human history. In the shipping industry, slender mooring ropes are the "unsung heroes." They are inconspicuous, but they are a crucial link connecting ships to the shore, and can be called the "lifeline" of ships. From hemp ropes hundreds of years ago to today's ultra-high molecular weight materials, the technological content of mooring ropes is getting higher and higher.
Larger ships require mooring ropes with higher strength.
Seemingly ordinary ropes, empowered by the material revolution, have become veritable "Popeye the Sailor." Taking the mooring ropes developed by SINO-OCEAN Hong Kong's (香港中远海运) Four Brothers Rope (四兄绳业) as an example, they are made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber. Compared with steel cables of the same diameter, their strength is comparable, but their weight is only 1/7 of that of steel cables. At the same time, they also have the characteristics of corrosion resistance and acid and alkali resistance. Even if they are soaked in seawater for a long time, they can maintain a good condition.
The longer the voyage, the better the endurance of the mooring ropes is required.
From near seas to far seas, from the tropics to the poles, the field of human navigation has covered the globe. The complexity of the navigation environment requires mooring ropes to be versatile. For example, in order to solve the problem of slow handling of ship fires, emergency fire-resistant towing devices for ships have emerged, replacing steel cables with lighter and stronger high-temperature-resistant synthetic fiber ropes, buying time for accident handling. Test results show that after continuous burning at a high temperature of 750 degrees Celsius for 1 hour, its strength retention rate is still above 90%.
Not only in shipping, mooring ropes have become versatile. In marine engineering, mooring ropes are used to moor floating production storage and offloading devices and other major offshore structures; in offshore energy, mooring ropes are key components of the positioning systems for offshore wind farms and wave energy power generation facilities; in marine scientific research, special operation mooring ropes with integrated optoelectronic communication functions can simultaneously complete mooring towing and data transmission tasks...
South of Hainan Island (海南岛), the deep-water semi-submersible production and storage platform "Deep Sea No. 1" (深海一号) operates continuously. Under the seawater, domestically produced deep-sea mooring ropes have become the platform's hidden "guardian." Its diameter is only about 270 mm, but its pulling force is 2,300 tons. One end of it firmly "grasps" the metal anchor chain prepared on the seabed more than 1,000 meters deep, and the other end is firmly connected to the semi-submersible platform, designed to continuously serve in the deep sea for 30 years, building a solid safety barrier for the platform's long-term drilling operations.
From only "exerting strength" to becoming "smarter," riding on the east wind of intelligence, small mooring ropes are accelerating their evolution. By launching smart tags, mooring ropes also have exclusive "digital ID cards." Just open your mobile phone and scan it lightly, and you can know the entire life cycle record of a mooring rope from production to use, making every use traceable. In the near future, sensors will also be installed in the mooring ropes to tell the staff in real time how tight the mooring ropes are, whether there is any damage, and whether they need to be replaced, making mooring rope management safer and more reliable.
From the past hemp ropes to the current high-tech mooring ropes, from simple mooring to intelligent monitoring, the "metamorphosis" of mooring ropes continues. In the future, through material upgrades, design optimization, and process innovation, seemingly inconspicuous small mooring ropes will also shine in deeper, farther, and more demanding marine environments, playing an increasingly important role.
(The author is the vice chairman of the journal "Shipbuilding and Ocean Engineering." This article was compiled and edited by Han Xin (韩鑫), a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopAccording to our newspaper (Reporter Liu Shiyao (刘诗瑶)), the international standard project ISO/NP14620-5 "Space systems—Safety requirements—Part 5: Manned spacecraft," organized and proposed by the National Manned Space Standardization Technical Committee, has recently been officially registered as a project by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). This is China's first successful international standard project in the field of manned spaceflight, and also the first breakthrough in the formulation of international rules in this field, providing a "Chinese solution" for promoting the safety of manned spaceflight. It will further enhance China's international voice and influence in manned spaceflight.
Based on the research and reference of advanced safety technologies and methods in foreign aerospace fields, and summarizing more than 30 years of safety work experience in China's manned space program, the standard proposes a unified technical guidance and paradigm applicable to the safety work of manned spacecraft and related products in various countries. It announces to the world the safety access conditions for participating in manned spaceflight work, and is the safety baseline and threshold for implementing manned spaceflight activities and developing manned space systems and payload products. It is of great significance for further promoting international cooperation in China's space station.
Return to TopAccording to our newspaper (Reporter Li Jiading (李家鼎)), recently, the Tianjin University (天津大学) research team has achieved a major breakthrough in the forefront of catalytic technology, achieving nearly 100% utilization of precious metal atoms in catalytic reactions. This maximizes the catalytic value of precious metal atoms on a microscopic scale, opening up a new path for the design and preparation of a new generation of efficient and low-cost catalysts, and will help make chemical production more low-carbon, efficient, and sustainable. Related research results were recently published in the international academic journal *Science*.
In traditional catalytic reactions, precious metal atoms easily aggregate into larger particles, leading to a large number of atoms being buried inside the particles and unable to participate in surface reactions, resulting in low catalytic efficiency. This problem is particularly prominent in propane dehydrogenation, a key process in propylene production. Faced with this challenge, the Tianjin University (天津大学) research team, after nearly 10 years of continuous research, developed the "atomic extraction" technology, achieving nearly 100% utilization of precious metal atoms, greatly improving the catalytic efficiency of propane dehydrogenation to propylene. Compared with traditional catalysts, this method can reduce the amount of precious metals used by about 90%, successfully solving the problems of high catalyst cost and strong dependence on precious metal resources that the propylene industry has long faced.
The corresponding author of the paper, Professor Gong Jinlong (巩金龙) of Tianjin University (天津大学), said that this technology is expected to significantly reduce the industry's dependence on rare metal resources and promote the transformation of chemical production towards "low consumption, high efficiency, and green." Tianjin Normal University (天津师范大学), Peking University (北京大学), and Zhejiang University of Technology (浙江工业大学) also participated in the collaborative research.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 黄晓慧
"We, these breeders working in the fields, are also using AI technology." Recently, the "Fengdeng" joint research and development team received a thank-you message from Huang Fugang (黄福钢), a researcher at Guangxi University (广西大学) engaged in rice molecular breeding.
In April 2024, the joint research and development team composed of Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (上海人工智能实验室), Yazhou Bay National Laboratory (崖州湾国家实验室), China Agricultural University (中国农业大学) and other scientific research units, released the "Fengdeng · Seed Industry Large Model". After scientific and technological breakthroughs, the research team launched the "Fengdeng · Gene Scientist" in July this year, a scientific research intelligent agent in the field of biological breeding based on the large model, to assist scientific researchers in exploring and verifying unknown gene functions.
The key to crop breeding lies in optimizing agronomic traits through precise genome design. Since the completion of the rice genome sequencing in 2005, many countries have invested a lot of resources in gene function analysis, but progress has been slow. Traditional breeding research relies heavily on expert experience. From proposing hypotheses and designing experiments to verifying conclusions, it often takes years and the success rate is limited.
"It's like facing a book full of unknown symbols. We can only decipher a few characters sporadically, and it is difficult to improve breeding efficiency." Yang Fan (杨帆), a researcher at Yazhou Bay National Laboratory (崖州湾国家实验室) and the joint head of the "Fengdeng" project, said that key data such as breeding history record data, crop biological sequencing data, farmland environmental data, and planting and management data are related to the success or failure of breeding. "Especially in recent years, extreme climate events have occurred frequently, and farmland environmental conditions and crop production models are very different from the past, and the success rate of breeding relying on manual experience is even more limited."
How to make AI learn to think like a breeding expert? The research team used massive data to train the intelligent agent, enabling it to accurately identify the relationship between genes and traits, predict "gene-trait" associations, and have the ability to infer and design breeding experiments. The rice version of the "Fengdeng · Seed Industry Large Model" has been open to the world since May this year, and has been used by international authoritative breeding institutions such as the International Rice Research Institute (国际水稻研究所) and the Central Rice Research Institute of India (印度中央水稻研究所).
Yang Fan (杨帆) said that through the rapid analysis of gene functions, breeding researchers can more accurately combine excellent alleles to achieve customized breeding goals - including traditional traits such as high yield, disease resistance, and stress resistance, as well as new needs such as nutritional enhancement and flavor improvement.
"This is not only teaching AI breeding knowledge, but also imparting methods of scientific discovery." Dong Nanqing (董楠卿), a researcher at Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (上海人工智能实验室) and the joint head of the "Fengdeng" project, said, "We want to let AI learn how to understand the needs of breeding scientists, find matching genes, design experiments, verify conclusions, and even self-correct."
Through reinforcement learning training, "Fengdeng · Gene Scientist" gradually possesses certain "scientific research capabilities." It can simulate expert reasoning processes and automatically complete the entire process from proposing hypotheses and designing experiments to analyzing results. In the verification, the research team selected dozens of unreported genes from rice and corn. Except for specific experimental operations, key scientific research decisions were provided to the scientific researchers by "Fengdeng".
In rice research, "Fengdeng" discovered new functions of multiple genes - some affect plant height by regulating plant hormones, and some are closely related to photosynthetic efficiency; in corn research, "Fengdeng" accurately predicted candidate genes related to traits such as plant height and ear position, which were highly consistent with field trial results.
"Fengdeng · Gene Scientist" is just the starting point. The research team said that the next step is to continuously integrate more crop data, environmental data, and breeding knowledge into the system to evolve into a smart breeding platform covering all species and the entire process.
Return to TopLayout Design: Zhang Danfeng (张丹峰)
Return to TopBy: 陈雪香
"Food is the paramount necessity of the people," and the domestication and cultivation of food crops is an important milestone in the evolution of human civilization. When you enjoy "adzuki bean rice" and "red bean porridge" at the dinner table, have you ever wondered: When did these crops, which have accompanied humans through long years, begin to enter the lives of our ancestors? In the ancient times when there was no mature agricultural technology, how did our ancestors build the initial dietary system?
On September 23, an international team composed of Shandong University (山东大学), the Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology (山东省文物考古研究院), Washington University in St. Louis, and other institutions published the latest research results in the *Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences*: Carbonized adzuki bean remains dating back about 9,000 years were discovered at the Xiaogao site (小高遗址) of the Houli Culture (后李文化) in Zibo, Shandong (山东淄博), 4,000 years earlier than the carbonized adzuki beans previously discovered in China.
Speaking of dry farming agriculture in northern China, the academic community has mostly focused on millet, sorghum, and other grains in the past, and the origin of domestication of legumes has been unclear due to the difficulty in finding remains. Plant carbonized remains are extremely vulnerable to damage over long periods of time, making it extremely difficult to find direct evidence of the existence of ancient legumes. In 2017, the Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology (山东省文物考古研究院) and Shandong University (山东大学) formed a joint archaeological team to carry out excavations at the Xiaogao site (小高遗址) on the alluvial plain at the northern foot of the Taiyi Mountains (泰沂山). The archaeological team systematically collected 891 flotation samples from the 600-square-meter cultural accumulation at the Xiaogao site (小高遗址). After careful screening, common crops such as millet, sorghum, rice, and soybeans were found from about 32,000 carbonized plant remains, and 45 carbonized adzuki beans were also found. Subsequent carbon-14 dating results were even more encouraging: the direct dating data of two of the adzuki beans were 8985-8645cal.BP and 8032-7939cal.BP respectively, which is 4,000 years earlier than the carbonized adzuki beans previously discovered in China, and 6,000 years earlier than the carbonized adzuki beans with direct dating data.
More importantly, the associated unearthed of these adzuki beans with millet, sorghum, and soybeans confirms that the earliest "grain + legume" complex crop system in East Asia had formed in the lower reaches of the Yellow River (黄河) 9,000 years ago. Legumes can not only provide high-quality protein for humans, but also improve soil fertility due to the nitrogen fixation function of their roots, forming an ecological complement with grains such as millet and sorghum. This agricultural model that takes into account both nutrition and sustainability demonstrates the early farming wisdom of our ancestors and provides a key clue for understanding the uniqueness of dry farming agriculture in East Asia.
These seemingly tiny carbonized adzuki beans do not exist in isolation. They are unearthed together with house sites, ash pits, pottery, stone grinding discs, stone axes and other relics in the site, vividly outlining the life of the ancestors in the lower reaches of the Yellow River (黄河) 9,000 years ago: At that time, although people mainly obtained food by collecting wild plants and hunting animals, they had already begun to interfere with the "sound field" of species, trying to plant specific plants and gradually moving towards a settled life. The importance of the Xiaogao site (小高遗址) is not only reflected in the research on adzuki beans. During this period, the northern region of China was in the initial stage of agricultural origin. Although the economic life of ancient ancestors was still dominated by collecting and hunting, they had already begun to cultivate and live a settled life. The discovery of the Xiaogao site (小高遗址) confirms this key transition from "living by foraging" to "settled farming" and provides a complete physical chain for the study of the origin of agricultural civilization in East Asia.
For a long time, the international academic community has paid more attention to the research on mainstream crops such as wheat, corn, and rice, and the discussion on the early domestication process of legumes has been relatively weak. In history, more than 5,000 kinds of plants have entered the human food spectrum, and the maintenance of food and nutritional diversity is an important foundation for sustainable agricultural development. The discovery of carbonized adzuki beans at the Xiaogao site (小高遗址) allows the academic community to re-examine the role of food diversity in the development of human civilization, and the research on the domestication history of adzuki beans and other legumes provides an important window for analyzing agricultural regional differences and exploring sustainable agricultural paths.
In the narrative of the origin of crops, "single origin" was once the view of some scholars. The archaeological evidence from the Xiaogao site (小高遗址) provides a different answer: 9,000 years ago, the ancestors in the Yellow River Basin (黄河流域) had already begun to artificially select adzuki beans, providing solid physical support for the "multi-origin of adzuki beans worldwide." The research team found through comparison that the adzuki beans at the Xiaogao site (小高遗址) visually present the morphological characteristics of the initial stage of adzuki bean domestication, and their size changes also confirm the regional diversity of crop domestication: the dietary preferences of different groups of people, the flow and exchange of crops and people, and environmental adaptation pressures have jointly promoted the long-term, multi-center domestication process of adzuki beans in East Asia.
The achievement of this result is inseparable from the assistance of international scientific research cooperation. The team composed of Chinese, American, Japanese, and Korean scholars not only shared archaeological data from more than 40 sites, but also integrated multi-disciplinary technical means to complement physical evidence and genetic analysis, building a more complete model of adzuki bean domestication and diffusion. Crop domestication is a global issue, and only through cross-regional and cross-disciplinary exchanges and cooperation can we clarify the driving force behind the transformation of human production and lifestyle around 10,000 years ago.
Even the smallest seeds can carry a heavy history. After 9,000 years of time, the small carbonized adzuki beans quietly tell the farming wisdom of the ancestors. From the ridges of the Yellow River Basin (黄河流域) to today's dining table, the agricultural tradition of "millet + legumes" has spanned thousands of years, nourishing generations of people. This archaeological discovery not only allows us to see the source of civilization more clearly, but also inspires us: respecting crop diversity and inheriting farming wisdom are important foundations for promoting sustainable agricultural development and safeguarding the common food security of mankind.
(The author is a professor at the School of Archaeology, Shandong University (山东大学考古学院))
Return to TopBy: 黄 黎
The "International Friends and the Chinese War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" special exhibition is currently on display at the National Museum of China (中国国家博物馆).
Cultural relics are an important bridge connecting the past and the present. Each cultural relic in the exhibition hall carries a touching story, and each story silently answers: When the Chinese nation was in its darkest moment, what supported us to overcome difficulties and move towards the light?
From the suitcase that Edgar Snow (埃德加·斯诺) carried with him when he came to China for interviews (see Figure ①), to the "Lugou Bridge (卢沟桥)" medicine saddle model invented by Norman Bethune (白求恩) to adapt to battlefield medical treatment; from every paper report of the Soviet Volunteer Air Force (苏联援华志愿航空队) recording the details of the battle, to the yellowed pages in John Rabe's (约翰·拉贝) diary... These cultural relics are never cold displays in glass showcases. They not only engrave the profound friendship across borders in the years of war, but also deeply hide the indomitable spirit of the Chinese nation.
If you have the opportunity to enter Hall 8 of the National Museum (国家博物馆), you may wish to stop and look at this special exhibit - the fountain pen used by Snow (斯诺) when he came to China (see Figure ②). This pen once wrote the original manuscript of *Red Star Over China*, meticulously recorded the vivid image of Comrade Mao Zedong (毛泽东同志) as "simple, pure, sharp and witty," and spread the "voice of Yan'an (延安的声音)" to the world. In 1936, Snow (斯诺) broke through the Kuomintang's (国民党) heavy blockade and arrived in northern Shaanxi (陕北). It was with this pen that he broke the control of public opinion and allowed the international community to clearly see the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia (陕甘宁) Soviet area led by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) for the first time. Later, *Red Star Over China* was translated into dozens of languages, causing a strong shock worldwide - countless international friends actively went to China to support the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression because of this book, and countless Chinese youths resolutely went to Yan'an (延安) to devote themselves to the revolution because of this book. The story of this pen tells us that cultural relics are "witnesses of historical truth." Its story allows us to always see the main line of history and hold on to the spiritual coordinates in the face of complex information.
Let's look at this "Lugou Bridge (卢沟桥)" medicine saddle model (see Figure ③). In 1938, Bethune (白求恩) carried it through the mountains of Jin-Cha-Ji (晋察冀). This medicine saddle is ingeniously designed. The two saddlebags are divided into more than 20 independent compartments, which can neatly accommodate the equipment and medicines needed for 100 operations and 500 bandages. On the battlefield, it can be instantly transformed into a temporary operating table simply by setting up a door panel.
In the Battle of Laiyuan (涞源战斗), Bethune (白求恩) worked continuously for 69 hours in such a "mobile operating room," successfully completing operations for 115 wounded soldiers, but eventually died in the line of duty of treating the wounded due to a finger infection during the operation. This medicine saddle contains not only medicines and equipment, but also the spirit of "being selfless and dedicated to others (毫不利己、专门利人 (háo bù lì jǐ, zhuān mén lì rén - "not at all selfish, specially benefit others," completely selfless))."
There is also a group of cultural relics in the exhibition hall that makes us deeply feel the immense power of "unity" - five doctors from the Indian Medical Team to China (印度援华医疗队), in order to express their friendship to the Chinese people, specially took names with the character "Hua (华)": Kotnis (柯棣华), Basu (巴苏华), Cholkar (卓克华), Mukerji (木克华), and Adhikari (爱德华). In 1938, they carried 54 boxes of scarce medicines and risked their lives to cross seven blockades of the Japanese army, and finally arrived at the front line of the Chinese War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. Among them, Kotnis (柯棣华) chose to stay in the Taihang Mountains (太行山区) with harsh conditions, served as the president of the Bethune International Peace Hospital (白求恩国际和平医院), and always stuck to the front line of battlefield medical treatment. He eventually died of overwork at the age of 32. Today, the stethoscope used by Kotnis (柯棣华) and the work notes recorded by Basu (巴苏华) about his medical experience are still quietly telling the story of this life-and-death friendship across borders.
There are many such stories in the exhibition hall. Soviet Volunteer Air Force (苏联援华志愿航空队) flight squadron leader Kulichenko (库里申科) was unfortunately wounded in a fierce air battle with Japanese warplanes, and eventually crashed his damaged warplane into the Yangtze River (长江), leaving his life forever on Chinese soil; more than 1,000 members of the American Flying Tigers (美国飞虎队) transported war materials on the treacherous Hump Route (驼峰航线) in the face of blizzards, and more than 1,000 of them were buried in the vast snow-capped mountains; Rabe (拉贝), the organizer of the Nanjing Safety Zone (南京安全区), used his residence to build a temporary shelter to protect more than 600 Chinese refugees. He wrote in his diary: "I don't regret staying at all, because my existence saved many lives."
The stories behind these cultural relics tell us that the Chinese people's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was never a solitary battle. The support and assistance of the world's forces of justice was an important force for us to achieve final victory.
Cultural relics are vivid history textbooks. When we tell children the story of Snow's (斯诺) pen, we are conveying the power of "pursuing truth and upholding justice"; when we tell young people the story of Bethune's (白求恩) medicine saddle, we are conveying the value of "willing to dedicate and bravely shoulder the mission"; when we tell the world the stories of Kotnis (柯棣华), Rabe (拉贝) and others, we are conveying the meaning of "sharing weal and woe and helping each other."
These spirits are the "root" and "soul" of our beautiful life - with them, we can have a richer spiritual world while pursuing material happiness; we can maintain the courage of "not fearing violence and fighting to the end (不畏强暴、血战到底 (bù wèi qiáng bào, xuè zhàn dào dǐ - "not fear the violent, fight to the end," to fight against oppression to the very end))" when facing challenges; and we can always remember the responsibility of "everyone is responsible for the rise and fall of the world (天下兴亡、匹夫有责 (tiān xià xīng wáng, pǐ fū yǒu zé - "the rise and fall of the country, every person is responsible," everyone has a responsibility for their country))" when moving towards the future.
(Author's affiliation: National Museum of China (中国国家博物馆))
Return to TopBy: 顾 春
When tourists put on VR glasses and "ascend" the Book Tower, when students look up at the caisson ceiling under the century-old stage, when restorers continue civilization among the broken pages... Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁) in Ningbo (宁波), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, the oldest existing private library in Asia, is facing the future with a new look.
A rare Ming Dynasty (明代) edition of "Northern Ballad Link Pearl" (北曲联珠) can be described as "ridden with disease": insect damage, rat gnawing, paper embrittlement and fragmentation, edge flocculation... In 2021, Wang Jinyu (王金玉), a national-level representative inheritor of intangible cultural heritage, led his apprentice Xie Longlong (谢龙龙) to start the restoration. Separating the pages, cleaning mildew with water, carefully washing with a brush... The restored ancient book is as fresh as new, as smooth as before. In June of this year, this restoration was rated as an excellent national restoration case.
Here, there is a national-level ancient book restoration skills training center, where generations of restorers continue this unique skill of 如临深渊，如履薄冰 (rú lín shēn yuān, rú lǚ bó bīng - "as if facing a deep abyss, as if treading on thin ice," to be extremely cautious and careful).
Not in Ningbo (宁波), can you also "visit" Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁)? The answer is "yes." Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁) uses digital twin technology to replicate the internal and surrounding scenes with high precision, and a "twin brother" is generated on the cloud. In the past 5 years, Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁) has held 110 exhibitions covering calligraphy and painting, rubbings, seal carvings, ancient book restoration, cultural relics protection and other fields. At the exhibition site, visitors can put on VR glasses to personally "ascend" the Book Tower, "browse" ancient books like the ancients, "touch" and appreciate the treasures hidden in Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁) at close range, and even "immerse themselves" in the Tianyi Pavilion Museum (天一阁博物院), "ascend" the Treasure Book Tower, and feel the changes in the four seasons of Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁).
Cultural relics will "live forever" in the digital world. Nowadays, the museum's collection of calligraphy and paintings, rubbings, porcelain and bronzes have all generated "digital twins," with details clearly visible. In 2022, Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁) successfully developed an ancient book text recognition system with an accuracy rate of over 95%. Currently, it has converted 90,000 pages of ancient book digital images into text and images. Real-time monitoring of environmental temperature and humidity and disease data, and the accumulated massive data can also feed back into long-term research. In 2023, the "Tianyi Pavilion Virtual Reality Cultural Tourism Experience Platform" was selected as a national virtual reality pioneer application case, becoming the only listed project in the cultural tourism field in Zhejiang Province (浙江省).
With the "Digital Tianyi Pavilion (数字天一阁)," Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁) moved the virtual exhibition hall abroad. At last year's International Consumer Electronics Show, the Tianyi Pavilion Museum (天一阁博物院) joined hands with related companies to create a digital museum, showcasing the ancient Chinese civilization to overseas audiences.
More than that, the restoration project of the Qin Clan Ancestral Hall (秦氏支祠) won the "Craftsman Cup" of Zhejiang Province (浙江省) cultural relics protection project. In 1994, the Qin Clan Ancestral Hall (秦氏支祠) was included in the management of the original Tianyi Pavilion Museum (天一阁博物馆). In 2001, the Qin Clan Ancestral Hall (秦氏支祠) was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit. In 2022, with the support of the national cultural relics protection special fund, the restoration of the Qin Clan Ancestral Hall (秦氏支祠) was launched.
In this way, the cultural and museum workers of Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁) put in embroidery work, using minimal intervention to solve the damage and diseases of cultural relics, and accurately repair the damaged parts.
The stage is the essence of the Qin Clan Ancestral Hall (秦氏支祠). Its caisson design coincides with the concept of "heaven is round and earth is square" (天圆地方), and the 16 layers of Ruyi brackets spiral up to the dome, with extremely exquisite craftsmanship. In order to restore the roof, the team traveled all over the country to find clay tiles that meet the specifications of the old tiles; in order to restore the national intangible cultural heritage "Zhujin Lacquer Wood Carving" (朱金漆木雕), they specially invited intangible cultural heritage inheritors to apply gold according to ancient methods. The most difficult thing was the almost lost raw lacquer technology. The team not only searched for materials across the country, but also found the descendants of the craftsmen who built it to participate in the construction. During the construction, the team recorded every process in full, forming an 801-minute video archive, of which 1/3 involved technical practices, leaving a "restoration textbook" for future generations.
The newly renovated stage of the Qin Clan Ancestral Hall (秦氏支祠) ushered in a special performance. On the stage, the Yue opera (越音) was melodious, and the water sleeves danced. The restored caisson, with 16 layers of Ruyi brackets, is complete and brilliant, spiraling up to the dome and covered with a "mirror," shining brightly. Look, traditional space embraces modern life: on the ancient stage, immersive activities such as intangible cultural heritage exhibitions and cultural classes are lively and extraordinary; in cooperation with universities, the ancestral hall wood carvings and gold leaf application techniques of the Qin Clan Ancestral Hall (秦氏支祠) have become a "living sample" for studying traditional Jiangnan (江南) architecture...
The daily life of the ancient Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁) contains this city's awe and inheritance of civilization.
Return to TopBy: 刘红丽
In the fourth national cultural relics census, Shiyan (十堰) in Hubei (湖北) Province newly discovered 924 cultural relic sites, with a new discovery rate as high as 28%; implemented seven special surveys, and re-examined 3267 immovable cultural relics. This set of substantial figures witnesses Shiyan's (十堰) solid steps in deeply planting itself in the thick soil of northwestern Hubei (鄂西北), exploring the roots of civilization.
Shiyan (十堰) is a veritable "mountain city" with a vast area, complex terrain, and scattered cultural relics. Shiyan (十堰) did not adopt a "flood irrigation" approach of universal investigation, but instead adhered to a problem-oriented approach and conducted thorough research and judgment. Based on the rich Paleolithic remains and the high concentration of Wudang Mountain (武当山) cultural resources, the "Duh River Basin Paleolithic Cultural Relics Resource Survey" and the "Wudang Mountain (武当山) Stone Carving Cultural Relics Resource Survey" were listed as key special projects for the census.
From October 2024 to May 2025, Shiyan (十堰), on the basis of first completing the "Duh River Basin Paleolithic Cultural Relics Resource Survey" and the "Wudang Mountain (武当山) Stone Carving Cultural Relics Resource Survey," relied on the "Third National Cultural Relics Census" clues and the systematic sorting of local cultural resources to carry out five special surveys: Wudang Mountain's (武当山) "Two Roads and One Route" (East and West Sacred Roads and Xu Xiake's (徐霞客) Travel Route), the "Third Front" construction military industrial heritage, ancient buildings in old cities (historical and cultural towns and villages, traditional villages, historical buildings), the Xiangyu Railway (襄渝铁路), and old civil air defense projects, accurately touching the deep mineral deposits of Shiyan's (十堰) history and culture.
The Nanyan Palace (南岩宫) Quarry Stone Carving Group and the Dongqin Village (东钦村) Site in the Duh River Basin (堵河流域) shine like twin stars, becoming the most important discoveries in this census. The Nanyan Palace (南岩宫) Quarry Stone Carving Group is located on a rock wall 20 meters high and 200 meters long, with a total area of approximately 4,000 square meters. The rock paintings and texts are mainly located in the lower 1 to 5 meters of the rock wall. The rock surface contains patterns such as stone halls, steps, bixi (赑屃), auspicious clouds, fish, and mice, and vividly depicts a figure riding a large horse, wearing an official hat, and holding a flag and a knife. The upper right of the figure is engraved with words such as "Prefectural Supervisor Master." In the picture, the horse's hooves are raised, the horse's tail is raised high, and the flag is fluttering in the wind, which is quite interesting. Around the rock paintings, there are engraved year numbers such as "First Year of Huangqing Renzi" (皇庆元年壬子) (1312), "Fifth Year of Zhiyuan Zhaiyue" (至元五年斋月) (1339), "Eleventh Year of Yongle" (永乐十一年) (1413), and there are also chiseled texts such as "Jingzhou Guard" (荆州卫), "Wuchang Garrison Made Things" (武昌卫戍造事), "Liuyang Prefecture" (刘阳府) (now Liuyang (浏阳), Hunan (湖南)), "Tanzhou" (潭州) (now Changsha (长沙), Hunan (湖南)), and "Thousand Households," clearly confirming the historical fact of the great prosperity of Wudang (武当) during the Yongle (永乐) period of the Ming Dynasty (明代). The rock paintings in the stone carving group are the first rock painting type remains discovered in Shiyan (十堰), filling the information gap of rock painting remains in northwestern Hubei (鄂西北), and are a major discovery for the study of the architectural history of Wudang (武当) in the Ming Dynasty (明代).
The Dongqin Village (东钦村) Site is located on the northwest side of Dongqin Village (东钦村), Wenfeng Township (文峰乡), Zhushan County (竹山县), Shiyan City (十堰市), Hubei Province (湖北省). Survey team members collected a large number of mammalian fossils and stone tool specimens here—stone cores, scrapers, hand axes, pointed tools, and other artifacts, which are well-made and have clear traces of use, vividly reproducing the survival wisdom of ancient humans. According to the fossil morphology, limb bones, skulls, and teeth can be identified, and it is preliminarily inferred that this place was an ancient human slaughterhouse or core living area. The discovery of this site makes the ancient human site chain in the Han River (汉江) Basin, with the Xuetang Liangzi (学堂梁子) Site as the core, more complete, providing valuable physical evidence for the study of ancient humans, paleontology, and paleoenvironment in the region, and once again solidifying the empirical system of China's million-year human evolution history.
In the process of promoting the special census, the mountain roads were rugged, thorns hooked clothes, and poisonous snakes and soil bees often harassed, but more difficult than natural obstacles were the highly specialized work requirements such as the dating of ancient buildings, the surveying and mapping of linear heritage, and the identification of Paleolithic remains. Solving the problem of insufficient professional and technical strength was even more critical.
At the ancient residential investigation site in Shangjin Town (上津镇), Yunxi County (郧西县), Shiyan City (十堰市), problems arose one after another: a large number of ancient buildings lacked written records, and their ages were a mystery; the contiguous residential buildings had undergone multiple renovations, with courtyards intertwined and boundaries blurred; traditional surveying and mapping methods could not accurately present the complex spatial relationships of the building complex. The Shiyan (十堰) Municipal Fourth Census Office launched a counterpart support mechanism, inviting the Hubei Provincial Ancient Building Protection Center (湖北省古建筑保护中心) to provide remote guidance as soon as possible, and selected experts to guide information collection on-site. In the scorching sun of the patio courtyard, experts rolled up their sleeves to demonstrate measurement; deep in the beams and frames, flashlight light accurately illuminated mortise and tenon details; "Look at the rafter heads, pay attention to the pillar base patterns"—while investigating, they imparted the essentials of dating; drones rose, and the originally chaotic courtyards gradually became clear on the screen.
The "Two Roads and One Route" located in Wudang Mountain (武当山) is a linear cultural heritage. The cultural relic sites are either hidden deep in the mountains, or close to dangerous cliffs, or have winding trajectories, making the work difficult due to their wide distribution range and irregular boundaries. The Shiyan (十堰) Municipal Fourth Census Office introduced equipment terminals with advanced functions such as information collection and automatic mapping. Team members carried 5 kilograms of equipment and trekked through the mountains, collecting data while walking, generating all the data needed for the census at one time, greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of surveying and mapping. When some sections of the road were completely submerged in weeds and trees, the team members promptly sought the intervention of Kang Yuhu (康予虎), an expert from the Hubei Provincial Institute of Archeology (湖北省考古院) who has been conducting archeology here for many years, to assist in identifying routes and judging value; holding machetes, they cleared the thorns and slowly advanced on the ancient road hundreds of years ago.
Shiyan (十堰) borrowed wisdom from the outside and leveraged technology in the "Fourth Census" to ensure the scientificity and standardization of the census results, and also cultivated a local young professional backbone team in actual combat, reserving strength for the sustainable development of the cultural relics cause in the future.
(Author's unit: Shiyan (十堰) Municipal Cultural Relics Protection Center)
Return to TopBy: 张卫建
In Shichuan Town (什川镇), Gaolan County (皋兰县), Lanzhou City (兰州市), Gansu Province (甘肃省), there lies a green miracle hailed as the "World's First Ancient Pear Orchard." This is the origin of Chinese pear plants, as well as the place of origin and main production area of cultivated pears, preserving the world's largest and highest quality ancient tree populations of winter pears and soft pear.
Nearly ten thousand ancient pear trees, hundreds of years old, together with the Yellow River (黄河) and the Loess Plateau (黄土高原), constitute a vibrant agroforestry complex system. The oldest pear tree is about 500 years old, and can be called a "living fossil" in the global pear plant world. Through grafting and other methods, the rare ancient germplasm on them not only benefits the Yellow River (黄河) basin of China, but also spreads to pear producing areas in East Asia and North America. In May of this year, the ancient pear orchard system became a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System.
I still remember the shock I felt when I first entered the ancient pear orchard. It was a clear morning in April. I set off early and came to the Waterwheel Park (水车公园) on the bank of the Yellow River (黄河) in Lanzhou (兰州). About 500 years ago, the Duanjiatan (段家滩) people of Lanzhou (兰州) introduced waterwheels to Shichuan (什川) to draw water from the Yellow River (黄河) for irrigation, allowing the ancient pear trees to grow continuously.
Boarding a boat from the park's wharf and slowly heading east for about thirty minutes, you enter the Shichuan Gorge (什川峡谷). High mountains stand on both sides, with sheer cliffs. Occasionally, water birds startle from the rock walls, dancing gracefully at the bow and stern of the boat. Terraced pear orchards appear on the riverbank terraces, with pear blossoms like snow and clouds. The fragrance of flowers rides on the breeze, wafting from both banks.
Continuing north for about half an hour, the Shichuan Wharf (什川码头) comes into view. Climbing up the steps, ancient pear trees that have experienced wind and frost bloom freely on both sides of the road. After another fifteen-minute drive, you reach the Tongxin Pavilion (同心亭) on the opposite bank of the river. Standing in the pavilion and looking far into the distance, the magnificent scenery of the ancient pear orchard is fully visible.
To truly enter the ancient pear orchard, you must cross a suspension bridge. This bridge was built by local farmers in the early 1970s. Imagining that before the bridge was built, generations of pear farmers could only rely on sheepskin rafts to get in and out, the hardship is truly moving.
After crossing the iron bridge, the sound of Lanzhou drums (兰州鼓子) faintly comes from the pear orchard, with a simple and heartfelt tune. Strolling along the pear orchard paths, some of the ancient pear trees are as vigorous as old pines, some have branches and leaves that stretch out like giant umbrellas, and some have branches and trunks that are twisted like dragons. The tree trunks are covered with the wrinkles of time, and the branches are full of pear blossoms. The snow-white pear blossoms, surrounded by tender yellow new buds, are particularly bright against the blue sky.
On the road, I was invited to visit a pear orchard museum run by a farmer, and listened to the owner, Lao Wei (老魏), tell the story of him and the pear orchard. His family has grown pears for generations. He pointed to an old pear tree over 300 years old in the yard and said, "My grandfather's grandfather used to enjoy the shade under it."
Lao Wei (老魏) also took me to see the villagers perform Taiping drums and "Iron Core." He told me that the skill of this "Iron Core" originated from a unique farming skill in the ancient pear orchard - "Tian Ba Shi (天把式)."
The ancient pear trees in the orchard are as high as 10 meters, which cannot be reached by ordinary tools. The wise pear farmers invented a cloud ladder, made of sturdy pine wood. The main ladder and the support rod form a stable triangular support, and the bottom is a wedge-shaped structure that can be firmly inserted into the ground. The ladder is tied with wear-resistant rope sleeves and footrests. Lao Wei (老魏) said that his fathers used to step on this cloud ladder and pollinate, pick fruits, and prune branches in the air as if walking on flat ground. He described the scene: "It's like dancing ballet in mid-air, which is frightening to watch, but they are steady in their hands."
This group of pear farmers who know "Tian Ba Shi (天把式)," their labor is a combination of strength and beauty, a farming poem passed down through generations and written in the blue sky.
(The author is a researcher at the Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (中国农业科学院作物科学研究所), and a post scientist of the National Green Manure Industry Technology System (国家绿肥产业技术体系).)
Return to TopThis edition's email: ysbjs@people.cn
Illustration: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 顾 春 王 珏
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to "stimulate the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation and promote the prosperity and development of socialist culture." In recent years, in accordance with the deployment of deepening the reform of the cultural system and mechanism, many literary and art troupes have enhanced their sense of responsibility and mission, given play to their initiative and creativity, risen from difficulties, broken through adversity, improved the mechanism for the construction and development of troupes, enhanced the driving force and vitality of development, and rejuvenated new vitality. In order to vigorously promote the cultural cause and accelerate the development of the cultural industry, starting from this issue, we will publish a series of reports focusing on the typical examples of deepening the reform of the cultural system and mechanism in various places, reflecting how they seize the opportunities of the times, stimulate innovation and creativity, and blaze a trail of reform and breakthrough.
——Editor
On September 8, applause rang out in the National Centre for the Performing Arts (国家大剧院). Three excerpts performed by the Taizhou Luantan Troupe (台州乱弹剧团) of Taizhou (台州), Zhejiang (浙江) were staged here. The ups and downs of the plot and the full-tension performance were enthusiastically sought after by the audience. "This is the first time I have seen Taizhou Luantan. I didn't expect the performance to be so fascinating and exciting!" After the performance, opera fan Zhang Qiaoqiao (张巧巧) could not hide her excitement.
Taizhou Luantan, with a history of nearly 400 years, is a traditional opera genre with local characteristics in Taizhou (台州), Zhejiang (浙江). In 2006, it was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.
Taizhou Luantan was stagnant for nearly 30 years until it was reborn in 2005. Today, the Zhejiang Taizhou Luantan Troupe (浙江台州乱弹剧团) has performed at the National Centre for the Performing Arts (国家大剧院) five times in 10 years. The troupe has now revived 17 full-length operas and more than 30 excerpts, with an average of more than 350 performances per year, and a cumulative audience of more than 3 million people.
From being once endangered to performing good shows one after another, how did this local small opera troupe do it?
Public-private partnership, retaining people with affection
"Taizhou Luantan is the only opera genre in Zhejiang's 'Four Great Luantan' that still retains the name 'Luantan', and it is also the only local opera genre in Taizhou." Speaking of Taizhou Luantan, Shang Wenbo (尚文波), head of the Zhejiang Taizhou Luantan Troupe (浙江台州乱弹剧团), is both proud and emotional, "This ancient artistic treasure was once on the verge of extinction."
In the mid-1980s, the performance market was sluggish, the old Luantan troupe stopped performing, and the actors left one after another. "I also left the troupe at that time. Due to difficulties, I went to work in a company," recalled Zhu Dongkang (朱冬康), composer of the Zhejiang Taizhou Luantan Troupe (浙江台州乱弹剧团) and representative inheritor of provincial intangible cultural heritage.
The turning point occurred in 2005. In this year, under the advocacy of the Taizhou Municipal Party Committee (台州市委) and the Taizhou Municipal Government (市政府), the Taizhou Luantan Troupe (台州乱弹剧团) was reorganized.
The reorganized Taizhou Luantan Troupe (台州乱弹剧团) adopted the method of "public-private partnership" - the Taizhou Municipal (台州市) and Jiaojiang District (椒江区) government departments, as well as 3 local enterprises, each invested 200,000 yuan, totaling 1 million yuan as the troupe's operating expenses.
"I originally thought that I would never be able to hear Luantan again in my life." That year, Zhu Dongkang (朱冬康) saw the news of the troupe's reorganization in the newspaper, "**绝处逢生** (jué chǔ féng shēng - "find life in desperate circumstances," to come back from the brink; to survive a calamity)! I was so happy from the bottom of my heart!"
However, the troupe's restart was not smooth sailing.
"It's been too long since they performed, and the old artists can't perform anymore. The troupe went to art schools in other places to recruit young actors and train them from scratch," said Shang Wenbo (尚文波). Taizhou Luantan and Jinhua Wuju (金华婺剧) once belonged to "Luantan." At that time, Xu Dinglong (许定龙), the head of the troupe, went to Lanxiang Art School (兰香艺术学校) in Wuyi (武义), Jinhua (金华), and selected 30 students as the troupe's foundation. Bao Chenre (鲍陈热), the troupe's current leading actress and first-class actor, is one of them.
"Survival is our primary problem." At the end of 2009, Shang Wenbo (尚文波) took office as the head of the troupe. The first problem he faced was the loss of talent.
"Most of the new generation of Taizhou Luantan actors were selected from Wuju schools. After they stay in Taizhou for a few years, when they encounter opportunities, they either return to the local Wuju troupe in Jinhua, or simply change careers," Shang Wenbo (尚文波) said helplessly.
How to retain talent? The management model of literary and art troupes of "retaining people with affection" has played an important role.
"The first thing is to reduce the living costs of the members." Shang Wenbo (尚文波) personally helped the members find a matchmaker so that they could settle down and start a family in Taizhou; having a house is the only way to settle down, Shang Wenbo (尚文波) paid the down payment for the young people out of his own pocket; it was difficult for the children of the members to go to school, he came forward to talk to the school... With his heart and affection, he let the young actors settle down in Taizhou.
In 2012, the troupe was officially renamed Zhejiang Taizhou Luantan Troupe (浙江台州乱弹剧团). The government creates a good performance market for the troupe by purchasing public welfare performances and supporting the creation of excellent works every year, which also promotes the improvement of the troupe's artistic value and social benefits.
Differentiated development, rejuvenating new life
In March 2008, Zhu Dongkang (朱冬康) returned to the Taizhou Luantan Troupe (台州乱弹剧团).
"Taizhou Luantan has many tunes that other local operas do not have. This is its personality. Therefore, the first thing I did after returning to the troupe was to standardize the tunes and dialogues of Taizhou Luantan and protect and inherit the 'original flavor' of Taizhou Luantan," said Zhu Dongkang (朱冬康). "We have tried our best to integrate Taizhou folk tunes, highlight the characteristics of regional music culture, and unify the dialogues with Taizhou Mandarin as the standard."
Under the leadership of Zhu Dongkang (朱冬康) and other old Luantan artists, the troupe has successively excavated and sorted out more than 120 scripts, more than 300 scores, recorded 126 singing sections, 11 full-length operas, published 6 collections of commonly used tunes, and archived and displayed the original materials such as the remaining props, costumes, scripts, scores, and manuscripts. The recognition of Taizhou Luantan is getting higher and higher.
In the CCTV Spring Festival Gala in 2015, Zhu Feng (朱锋), the troupe's young martial arts actor, performed his "unique skill" - Lingzigong (翎子功, pheasant feather skill) - for the national audience in the opera program "Liyuan Fenghua." "Taizhou Luantan let the people of the whole country feel the charm of the local opera genre from Taizhou." In Shang Wenbo's (尚文波) eyes, this was a turning point for the rejuvenation of Taizhou Luantan, and another turning point was the creation of the excellent opera "Qi Jiguang (戚继光)."
To achieve sustainable development, there must be high-quality original repertoires. This has always been the consensus of the entire troupe.
"After discussion, we finally chose the story of Qi Jiguang (戚继光) leading the Qi Family Army (戚家军) to resist Japanese pirates in Taizhou," Shang Wenbo (尚文波) told reporters that around the history of Taizhou, telling the story of iron and blood not only reflects the national hero's family and country feelings, but also highlights the opera genre characteristics of Taizhou Luantan's "performing martial arts in literary plays and singing literary songs in martial arts plays."
After the script was written, Shang Wenbo (尚文波) invited a group of top domestic artists, including playwright Jiang Chaoao (姜朝皋), director Han Jianying (韩剑英), and lighting designer Zhou Zhengping (周正平), to form the main creative team.
Shang Wenbo (尚文波) admitted frankly that the successful invitation of top artists to join the team benefited from the attributes of private troupes, which can be operated in a market-oriented way, "**只要有好的故事题材，一切皆有可能** (zhǐ yào yǒu hǎo de gù shì tí cái, yī qiē jiē yǒu kě néng - "as long as there is a good story theme, everything is possible," as long as the subject matter is good, anything is possible)."
There were also voices of doubt. "Can you, a small troupe, put on this big show?" At that time, the troupe had less than 50 people, but putting on this show would require at least 70 or 80 people. After trying to borrow people from other troupes in the past and repeatedly running into walls, Shang Wenbo (尚文波) began to recruit people from folk troupes and finally recruited more than 20 people.
With the people and the script, Shang Wenbo (尚文波) led the team and worked hard for more than 7 months to finally put on the show. In November 2015, "Qi Jiguang (戚继光)" was the only local endangered opera work to enter the Shanghai International Arts Festival (上海国际艺术节). In 2016, the troupe took "Qi Jiguang (戚继光)" to the stage of the National Centre for the Performing Arts (国家大剧院) for the first time, which was affirmed by industry experts and opera lovers.
This big show made the troupe famous. The troupe took advantage of the victory and prepared for the second big show - "My Dachen Island (我的大陈岛)" - in one go in 2016.
"The Dachen Island Reclamation Spirit (大陈岛垦荒精神) has inspired generations of Taizhou people," Shang Wenbo (尚文波) introduced that the big show reproduces the touching stories of the reclamation team members in the passionate years. "My Dachen Island (我的大陈岛)" premiered in April 2019 and was widely praised.
In 2021, "My Dachen Island (我的大陈岛)" was staged at the National Centre for the Performing Arts (国家大剧院). Shang Wenbo (尚文波) remembers that many elderly audience members at the scene marveled at the play's true restoration, "They said they were very moved after watching the performance, and that's how people were in that era."
"My Dachen Island (我的大陈岛)" is a successful attempt to revitalize traditional opera with realistic themes. With the success in front, the troupe's second modern big show, "My Fanglin Village (我的芳林村)," premiered online in April 2022 and also achieved success.
Taizhou Luantan closely combines traditional opera with the characteristics of the times. The performance of "the more traditional, the more modern" is especially recognized and loved by young people.
Shang Wenbo (尚文波) said: "There are many strong drama troupes in Zhejiang Province. In terms of traditional opera performance, Taizhou Luantan has no advantage compared with Yue Opera (越剧) and Wuju Opera (婺剧). Therefore, we regard modern plays as the troupe's strength to build, so as to gradually achieve a **弯道超车** (wān dào chāo chē - "overtaking on a curve," to surpass competitors by taking a different approach)."
Rooted in the countryside, blooming with fragrance
All the way, rooted in the people and rooted in life is the "magic weapon" for the growth of the Zhejiang Taizhou Luantan Troupe (浙江台州乱弹剧团). The love of the villagers has given Taizhou Luantan a new vitality. In the interview, the main creators said: "The soil at the grassroots level is the most fragrant!"
"Singing Taizhou opera well and playing Taizhou people well. Telling Taizhou stories with Taizhou Luantan is our pursuit," said Shang Wenbo (尚文波). The troupe has been committed to excavating high-quality materials from the grassroots level and presenting them artistically. Each play will invite experts to watch and comment, and constantly polish and improve according to the experts' suggestions.
In recent years, the Zhejiang Taizhou Luantan Troupe (浙江台州乱弹剧团) has always been active on the rural literary and art stage. The troupe regularly carries out cultural benefit performances, sending operas to the countryside, communities, and campuses more than 100 times a year, with footprints all over more than 900 villages and communities in 9 counties (cities and districts) of Taizhou.
In May of this year, Bao Chenre (鲍陈热) won the 32nd China Drama Plum Blossom Award (中国戏剧梅花奖). "Whether you are a famous actor or not, you must constantly go deep into the grassroots level and bring excellent performances to the people," Bao Chenre (鲍陈热) told reporters, "Most of the actors and staff in the troupe are from grassroots backgrounds and are very down-to-earth. Through 'zero-distance' contact with the masses, we can better understand the cultural needs of the grassroots audience."
Only by drawing on the fragrance of the grassroots soil can the roots of opera be deeper and stronger. Bao Chenre (鲍陈热) said that the eyes of the villagers are discerning, and they will applaud if they like it. Her special performance has been performed at the grassroots level no less than 30 times, and the reaction of the masses is like a ruler, constantly polishing her performance accuracy.
A group of young actors are honing their stage performance and enhancing their artistic appeal in a large number of performances at the grassroots level, and have also established emotional ties with the audience.
"The audience is not only the troupe's **衣食父母** (yī shí fù mǔ - "providers of food and clothing," one's livelihood; source of income), but also our artistic touchstone." Young actor Zhang Zhenxing (张振星) specializes in playing clowns. His performance is humorous and has gained a large number of fans. He also often records his stage life online, and has hundreds of thousands of followers. He said that he will work hard to let more people understand Taizhou Luantan and fall in love with Taizhou Luantan.
The "resurrection" road of the Zhejiang Taizhou Luantan Troupe (浙江台州乱弹剧团) provides a vivid and valuable reference for solving the problem of the inheritance and development of local opera.
In 2023, Taizhou City (台州市) issued the "Several Policies on Supporting the Reform and Development of the Zhejiang Taizhou Luantan Troupe (浙江台州乱弹剧团)," starting from talent training and market support, to further improve and optimize the "public-private partnership" operation model.
Looking to the future, Shang Wenbo (尚文波) is full of confidence. He said that with the support of the Party and the government, the love of the audience, and the efforts of the actors, the small flower of Taizhou Luantan will surely be more vivid and fragrant.
Return to TopBy: 杨 雨
From the Kunqu Opera "Qingshan Xu Wo (青山许我)," the drama "Su堤 Chunxiao (苏堤春晓)," the Sichuan Opera "Meng Hui Dongpo (梦回东坡)," to the documentary "Ding Fengbo (定风波)," and the song "Zhi Fou Zhi Fou (知否知否)," the "Dongpo craze" and "Song Ci craze" continue to heat up. Many people, especially young people, appreciate the aesthetic interests and life wisdom of the ancients, and feel the spiritual realm and life reflections of the sages through the chanting of Song Ci.
In my exchanges with young people, I am often asked a question: "In your opinion, what is the charm of Song Ci?" I think the charm of Song Ci lies both in the rich and delicate emotional world of the lyricists and in the tactful and meaningful rhythm of Song Ci.
Ci, in the Song Dynasty, was essentially lyrics set to music, the "popular songs" of the time. Each Ci was written according to a specific Ci brand (melody), so-called "the tune has a fixed sentence, the sentence has a fixed word, and the word has a fixed tone," such as "Huanxi Sha (浣溪沙)," "Nian Nu Jiao (念奴娇)," etc. These Ci brands themselves are specific song structures. Therefore, Ci is also known as "Quzi Ci," indicating that musicality is its essential attribute, and it also takes the meaning of "exhausting human feelings," with varying lengths, which can more "tortuously" express the rich changes in human emotions.
Song Ci can be sung. In the cultural program "Biographies of Masters: Song Ci Lyricists," the chanting of Song Ci is a natural outpouring of deep emotion. For example, in the "Fan Zhongyan (范仲淹) Episode," in the Qingzhou (庆州) military camp late at night, Fan Zhongyan walked out of his tent alone, and the intermittent horn sounds and the mournful cries of night owls came from around him. His figure merged into the moonlight along with the chanting of "A cup of turbid wine brings thoughts of home thousands of miles away; I have no plans to return since Yanran (燕然) has not been inscribed. The Qiang flute plays mournfully, and frost covers the ground." At this time, the appreciation of Song Ci is no longer limited to a single literary perspective, but a comprehensive artistic experience.
Many students have told me that they have begun to sing Song Ci, not to memorize some ancient texts, but to feel like they are talking to close friends and wise men in history, enriching their inner selves. In the Song Dynasty, singing Ci was a way of life for people. Song Ci was the beautiful lyrics in the Song Dynasty pop music scene; lyricists were mostly outstanding music producers in the Song Dynasty pop music scene; and those moving words chanted between the lips and teeth achieved the elegance of a generation in the Song Dynasty literary world. Whether in the fields or in the temples and palaces, they were swaying with endless charm in emotional singing.
After the Southern Song Dynasty, especially after the rise of Yuanqu, the musical scores of Song Ci gradually disappeared. Ci gradually changed from a comprehensive art to pure text literature, and later generations could only appreciate Song Ci more from a literary perspective.
From "A song 'Shui Diao Ge Tou: When Will the Moon Be Clear?' makes memorization much easier" to "A song 'Zhi Fou Zhi Fou' brings Li Qingzhao's (李清照) 'Ru Meng Ling (如梦令)' out of the language textbook"... In recent years, many musicians have attempted to compose and sing Song Ci, and some works have deeply touched people's hearts, with traditional cultural content and modern musical expression complementing each other. We are also exploring creative musical interpretations based on our understanding of the emotional connotations and historical background of Ci works. For example, in the "Biographies of Masters: Song Ci Lyricists" program, Huang Tingjian's (黄庭坚) "Nian Nu Jiao: Broken Rainbow After Rain (念奴娇·断虹霁雨)" uses a male and female duet form, which not only retains the magnanimity of the original Ci but also injects dialogue-like dramatic tension.
Su Shi (苏轼) once lamented in a Ci to a friend, "Considering poets who understand each other, are as rare as you and I." A confidant is not only a spiritual understanding but also a fun-filled form of communication. Under the light filled with the aroma of tea, humming a familiar song to each other may be exactly how we gather at this moment. When literature and music merge again, the cultural life of the Song Dynasty is presented to us thousands of years later in a more lively manner, and Song Ci therefore has more confidants. We look forward to more beneficial explorations to promote cultural inheritance and development, and create more excellent works that demonstrate Chinese aesthetic interests and disseminate contemporary Chinese values.
(The author is a professor in the Chinese Department of Central South University (中南大学))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 史自强
During a summer, Qianya Village suddenly saw a surge in tourists.
Qianya Village (前衙村), located in Quzhou County (曲周县), Hebei Province (河北省), is a village specializing in grape cultivation. In the past, villagers spent the whole year planting and harvesting grapes. Interestingly, this year they also started "sculpting" grapes.
Walking into the Qianya Science and Technology Courtyard (前衙科技小院), rows of ropes are hung with handicrafts created by the villagers: purple grapes, green grapes, large bunches, small bunches, revealing a simple and unadorned beauty.
The sudden rise of artistic atmosphere in Qianya Village (前衙村) is driven by two universities.
The team from China Agricultural University (中国农业大学) (hereinafter referred to as "CAU") has long been rooted in Quzhou County (曲周县), empowering rural industries with agricultural technology. This year, CAU had a new "idea." "Rural revitalization, industry is the foundation, culture is the support, and talent is the key." CAU joined hands with the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute (四川美术学院) to carry out the first "Aesthetics Education China · Quzhou Trip" summer social practice work camp in Quzhou (曲周), with more than 40 teachers and students jointly exploring a replicable collaborative revitalization model and cultivating "agricultural science + art" compound talents.
The quality of grapes in Qianya Village (前衙村) is good, but the number of surrounding growers is increasing, and the income from grapes has declined significantly, with young people going out to work. "There are fewer people in the village, and less vitality," said Li Ruiqin (李瑞芹), deputy secretary of the village Party branch.
However, when the teachers and students of the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute (四川美术学院) arrived in Qianya Village (前衙村), they discovered that this "grape village" was still a "treasure village": it has the Bao Gong (包公) Kaiya Ruins (开衙遗址), as well as Quzhou (曲周) flower carts and Quzhou (曲周) grass weaving and other intangible cultural heritage projects with local characteristics, and the rural ecology is also very good.
How to integrate agriculture and art, local culture and art design? Teachers and students from the two universities started brainstorming, and they carried out a series of innovative expressions of local culture: designing grass-woven sachets, grass-woven skirts, grass-woven mirror frames, etc.; creating doll toys with local grape culture imprints - "grape dolls," the "cute" styling is deeply loved by tourists; simplifying the complex craftsmanship of the national intangible cultural heritage project Quzhou (曲周) Dragon Lantern, creating twenty-four solar terms intangible cultural heritage cloth applique lanterns...
With a "packaging," Qianya Village (前衙村) has been renewed and become an "internet celebrity check-in place."
"Using the perspective of young people to repackage and output local culture, colliding with new sparks," said Wang Tianxiang (王天祥), Dean of the School of Art and Humanities of the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute (四川美术学院).
The teachers and students also conceived a special "village evening," which attracted more than 200 villagers from more than 10 surrounding villages to watch.
The grass-woven fashion show is one of the highlights of the "village evening," designed and produced by students and villagers. "We used corn husks, wheat stalks, and reeds to weave clothes, but they were rougher, so we added cotton lining to improve comfort," said She Zonggang (佘宗港), a 2023 graduate student majoring in resource utilization and plant protection at CAU.
In just 20 days of the summer work camp, the results were fruitful: the teachers and students completed 45 rural paintings, more than 100 art rubbing works, and 3 sets of village public space renovation plans, and opened 5 "Rural Aesthetics Education Workshop" art healing classes...
This has stimulated a wave of artistic creation among local rural youth. Guo Feng (郭峰), a villager from Chengzhai Village (程寨村) in Quzhou County (曲周县), and Xu Xiaozhen (徐晓真), a villager from Dongzhangtou Village (东漳头村), were inspired by the teachers and students to transform the local abandoned walls into beautiful cultural landscapes through wall paintings.
This is just the beginning. After the work camp, the two universities jointly established the "Fengyi Society · Quzhou Symbiosis" joint education practice base in Quzhou (曲周).
"In the future, a cross-platform of 'art heritage revitalization + agricultural green development' will be established here, and activities such as public art installations, ecological aesthetics festivals, and local aesthetics workshops will be organized to activate the vitality of local culture and continue to explore the rural revitalization practice model of 'science and art integration, cultural symbiosis'," said Wang Tianxiang (王天祥).
Return to TopBy: 孙晓云
Golden autumn in October, beauty in full bloom. "On the new journey of Chinese-style modernization, every woman is a protagonist!" President Xi Jinping's (习近平) keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Global Women's Summit was powerful and heart-warming. I couldn't help but recall the grand occasion of the Fourth World Conference on Women 30 years ago, and I am immersed in the joy that the Global Women's Summit has once again injected new impetus into the global women's cause. As a woman, I deeply feel the comprehensive development of the women's cause over the past 30 years, and I have also witnessed the new world opened up by women in the field of culture and art. On the occasion of this summit, the "Cultural Exchange and Shared Beauty - National Invitational Exhibition of Well-known Female Calligraphers," hosted by the Chinese Calligraphers Association (中国书法家协会) and the National Art Museum of China (中国美术馆), brings together historical echoes and new voices of the times.
The exhibition is like a slowly unfolding scroll, telling the story of Chinese women's cultural confidence and artistic responsibility in the fragrant ink, which is not only a tribute to the achievements of women's cause development over the past 30 years, but also a vivid practice of promoting the development of the global women's cause with excellent traditional Chinese culture. We selected 100 literary works from poems, lyrics, and odes created by famous women in the past dynasties, and invited 100 well-known female calligraphers to write 100 works, constructing an art gallery of "one ancient, one modern, and one world," and at this important historical juncture, we present to the world an artistic symphony spanning thousands of years with brush and ink as the medium.
Female calligraphers have always been an indispensable and important force in the inheritance of Chinese culture. In the long river of time, although there are not many female calligraphers who can be recorded in history, there are anecdotes of "women not yielding to men" 巾帼不让须眉 (jīn guó bù ràng xū méi - "women do not concede to men," women are as good as men), which have a unique contribution in the history of Chinese calligraphy. Zhang Yanyuan (张彦远) of the late Tang Dynasty included "Names of People Who Passed on the Method of Writing" in Volume 1 of *Fashu Yaolu* (法书要录), which records: "Cai Yong (蔡邕) received it from a divine person and passed it on to Cui Yuan (崔瑗) and his daughter Wenji (文姬), Wenji passed it on to Zhong Yao (钟繇), Zhong Yao passed it on to Lady Wei (卫夫人), Lady Wei passed it on to Wang Xizhi (王羲之), Wang Xizhi passed it on to Wang Xianzhi (王献之)..." The core content of ancient Chinese calligraphy teaching is the method of writing. In this lineage of writing method transmission, the earliest women to be written into history are two - Cai Wenji (蔡文姬) of the Eastern Han Dynasty and Lady Wei (卫铄) of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Cai Wenji's calligraphy is profound, and her brushwork is inherited from her father Cai Yong, excelling in both regular and cursive scripts, showing both beauty and intelligence. Lady Wei, with her unique female perspective in *The Diagram of Brushstrokes* (笔阵图), pioneered the rules of writing. Her exquisite metaphors of "'horizontal' like a thousand miles of clouds" and "'dot' like a peak falling stone" are the origin of the "Eight Principles of Yong" (永字八法), which not only demonstrates the unique artistic perception of women, but also lays the aesthetic foundation of Chinese calligraphy. As the enlightenment teacher of the "Sage of Calligraphy" Wang Xizhi, her artistic thought is like a seed, taking root and sprouting in the historical soil, benefiting countless calligraphers in later generations.
Historically, there was also Xie Daoyun (谢道韫), a talented woman of the Eastern Jin Dynasty who was valued by Wang Xizhi for her calligraphy, and Xue Tao (薛涛) of the Tang Dynasty, who was known as the "most talented woman in Shu," excelling in both poetry and calligraphy. In the Yuan Dynasty, Guan Daosheng (管道昇) and her husband Zhao Mengfu (赵孟頫) often harmonized in calligraphy and painting. Guan Daosheng's *Autumn Deep Post* (秋深帖) has a vigorous spirit in addition to its graceful style, proving that women can also achieve excellence in calligraphy art. These historical female calligraphers have pioneered the road and laid the foundation for calligraphy art. In today's calligraphy exhibition, their talents still shine.
At the beginning of the exhibition is my writing of *Jin Lady Wei's Diagram of Brushstrokes* (晋卫夫人笔阵图) (see picture), which re-presents this ancient calligraphy classic to the world, leading the deep logic of the entire exhibition - the exhibition held on the occasion of the Global Women's Summit is a cultural echo spanning thousands of years, and even more an artistic declaration with subjective consciousness: women are not only learners and inheritors of calligraphy, but also founders of calligraphy rules and pioneers of theory.
Entering the new era, the group of female calligraphers has shown unprecedented breadth and depth in their artistic pursuits. With the improvement of the higher calligraphy education system, more and more women have embarked on professional paths through systematic learning. After graduation, they enter universities, publishing institutions, and cultural and museum units, transforming from recipients of calligraphy education to disseminators, promoting the development of calligraphy art. The establishment of the Women Calligraphers Committee of the Chinese Calligraphers Association provides a broad platform for female calligraphers. They integrate various styles, dare to innovate, and promote the collective growth of Chinese women in contemporary calligraphy history with an uplifting and confident full posture, a united cohesive force, and systematic and in-depth creative practice.
Therefore, the exhibits include both gentle and delicate small-sized running script and regular script, as well as cursive script and seal script masterpieces that are about two meters high and powerful. These works are from the hands of old, middle-aged, and young female calligraphers, ranging in age from over 80 to early 20s, spanning more than half a century, reflecting the orderly inheritance of women's writing and a natural sense of design. The exhibits cover various styles such as regular script, cursive script, official script, seal script, and running script, with styles that are either elegant and graceful or simple and vigorous, completely breaking people's stereotype that women's writing is limited to "boudoir talent" with a resilient, confident, free, and majestic atmosphere. "Learning from the classics, having a grand and upright atmosphere, integrating the contemporary, and based on tradition" has become the characteristic of this exhibition, which is not only a tribute to history, but also a full affirmation of the current artistic achievements of women, and even expresses a deep expectation for the future development of women's calligraphy art.
The theme of "Cultural Exchange and Shared Beauty" further highlights the unique role of female calligraphers as "cultural ambassadors." Calligraphy creation and female characteristics have a deep connection. Women's own love and pursuit of beauty, their unique persistence and focus; women's conscious dedication and service awareness in society; women's multiple roles and unique connection in the family, and the irreplaceable role they play in family education... All of this helps to break the boundaries between art and life, allowing calligraphy to return to the daily lives of Chinese people, becoming a carrier of cultural exchange, while playing an immeasurable role in family harmony, youth education, and family style construction. When the aesthetics of daily life and high art are integrated, brush and ink carry richer cultural information and values. The educational function of calligraphy art will be integrated into the construction of family style, cultivating the character and sentiment of the next generation between the strokes. Through international cultural exchanges, the beauty of Chinese character calligraphy will also be transmitted to all parts of the world, injecting more warmth and firm strength into civilization exchange and mutual learning.
Women inherit the millennium-old culture and create new artistic realms; they guard the warmth of the family and shoulder the mission of culture. In the development of cultural undertakings in the new era, and in the work of promoting the beauty of Chinese characters to the world, women are bridges, links, and protagonists, and there is much to be done!
(The author is a librarian of the Central Research Institute of Culture and History (中央文史研究馆) and chairman of the Chinese Calligraphers Association)
Return to TopBy: 郑 艳
Many people may still remember Repin's oil painting "Barge Haulers on the Volga" from elementary school textbooks, which deeply influenced people's visual impressions and artistic understanding of Russia. Against the backdrop of the "China-Russia Year of Culture," the sketch of this masterpiece, along with other representative works by Repin, were authentically presented to the public with the holding of the "Reverie by the Neva River: Special Exhibition of Repin's Art" at the National Museum of China, sparking a wave of exhibition visits. Recently, the news that the works "Sadko," "'How Free!'" and "The Wedding of Nicholas II and Alexandra Feodorovna" will bid farewell to the audience on November 16 has made this special exhibition a hot topic of social concern again.
In order to systematically showcase the artistic journey of this master of the Russian Itinerant Art Exhibitions, I made clear an idea at the beginning of the exhibition planning: not to simply replicate the existing Russian display, but to take the "gaze of the other" as the theoretical starting point, and to take cross-cultural translation and Chinese narrative construction as the path, to open a deep artistic dialogue for the audience.
Cultural barriers are the biggest obstacle to understanding foreign exhibitions. The key to the planning of this exhibition lies in responding to the challenges brought about by "double otherness": one is Repin as a cultural other and the Russian national spirit carried by his art; the other is the Chinese audience as the gazing other, whose aesthetic habits and knowledge structure are deeply rooted in the collective memory of Eastern culture. Therefore, the exhibition needs to be both academically rigorous and experientially resonant, both restoring the true historical context and completing the localized translation of cultural grammar.
On the cognitive level, the exhibition is committed to building a clear and hierarchical knowledge framework. Relying on the academic resources provided by the Russian side, as well as the support of authoritative scholars of Russian art research in China such as Xi Jingzhi (奚静之), the team not only translated the work entries and research papers, but also reconstructed the exhibition narrative. For example, the unit based on geographical and chronological information as the basis for artistic staging by the Russian side was transformed into a four-act narrative with more thematic and emotional tension—"Barge Haulers' Song: The Beginning of the Artistic Journey," "Vast Land: The Quest for Realism," "Epic of the Times: The Glory of the National Soul," and "Twilight Meditation: The Free Realm of Old Age." Each unit is accompanied by an introduction, highlighting the key points and stylistic turning points of Repin's art, thereby guiding the audience to get rid of the sense of strangeness and enter his artistic world.
On the level of emotional resonance, the exhibition attempts to break the third-person limitation of art history writing and introduce first-person narration to bring the audience closer to Repin psychologically. A micro-documentary was produced based on "Repin's Memoirs," using AI technology to bring "Barge Haulers on the Volga" to life, allowing Repin to "personally" tell his artistic career in the first person. At the same time, according to Repin's love of music, the four units are accompanied by melodies by his contemporary composers Tchaikovsky, Mussorgsky, etc., to construct a "hearing palette," so that the audience can understand the rhythm and emotions of painting in the musical atmosphere.
Spatial design also undertakes narrative functions. We use "color geography" to unfold the artistic narrative: the cold blue tones of the Barge Haulers' Song unit echo the coldness of the Neva River; the vast land unit uses dark green to symbolize the vitality and hope of the folk; the old age unit uses wood color and warm light to create the tranquility of twilight meditation. The "art gate" and "art window" symbols extracted from Russian architecture run through the exhibition line, which not only implies the passage into other cultures, but also implies a two-way gaze relationship.
At the same time, the exhibition reveals the generation process of masterpieces by juxtaposing sketches, color drafts and oil paintings through eight "creation groups"; invites the audience to substitute into the artist's identity by restoring the studio scene; and embeds the guide in the ticket through NFC (Near Field Communication) technology, so that the audience turns from passive viewing to active exploration. The publication of the exhibition catalog also continues this cross-cultural purpose. The Chinese and English bilingual content not only includes papers by Russian experts, but also includes in-depth research by Chinese scholars, trying to establish a dialogue foundation in the translation of terms and cultural interpretation.
What also attracts the audience's attention is the "Repin's Circle of Friends" interactive area. Inspired by the WeChat interface, we set up touch screens in the circular exhibition area to present the "group chat" dialogues between Repin and his friends such as Tolstoy and Stasov, with emoticons and relaxed copywriting, restoring the master to an approachable friend, and completing a "de-sacralization" with familiar local media, attracting young audiences to check in.
Protecting the complexity of the other with scholarship, activating empathy with local narratives, and empowering two-way dialogue with technology, finally at the intersection of the "gaze of the other," Repin can go from "Repin of Russia" to "Repin of the human spirit." And this is precisely the goal and mission of cross-cultural curating.
(The author is a researcher at the National Museum of China (中国国家博物馆))
Return to TopBy: 董宝厚
"Waiting until the Double Ninth Festival, we'll come again to admire the chrysanthemums." This line from Tang Dynasty poet Meng Haoran vividly depicts the elegant pastime of chrysanthemum appreciation by the ancients during the Double Ninth Festival. However, natural phenology doesn't always align with the solar terms, and if the chrysanthemums are not in full bloom by the Double Ninth Festival, what should be done? Don't worry, Ming Dynasty painter Shen Zhou (沈周) recorded an extremely romantic moment of a literati gathering with his brush – urging chrysanthemums to bloom through poetry and painting.
Literati gatherings often found joy in composing and responding to poems. On the Double Ninth Day of a certain year, Fu Han (傅瀚) invited his friends Si Zhong (佀钟) and Zhang Sheng (张昇) to gather, and an interesting gathering activity began. In the courtyard, the sky was clear and the air was fresh, red leaves swayed, and potted chrysanthemums filled the garden. People looked at the chrysanthemums that were not yet in full bloom, and although they felt it was not perfect, they also found the theme of their poetic exchange – urging the chrysanthemums to bloom with poetry. Si Zhong (佀钟) took the lead in reciting a poem, which included the line "Many flowers bloom on their own, but you alone require the urging of poetry"; Zhang Sheng (张昇) then responded with a poem, which included the line "The small pavilion opens on the ninth day, the flowers are late, waiting for the rhythm to urge them"; afterwards, Fu Han (傅瀚) composed a poem, saying "When will the flower path open, the flower god is so patient to urge." It can be seen that the literati were "urging" urgently. After reciting the poems, they also wrote in succession, leaving calligraphic evidence of the festive gathering.
In the Ming Dynasty painting world, the "Four Masters of Wu" were the most highly regarded. As the founder of the Wu School of painting, Shen Zhou (沈周) ranked first among the four. He remained a commoner throughout his life, and by the age of 30, his poetry and prose had already become established. He was not only a leading figure in the literary world, but also a leader in the painting world, and his paintings were very popular among the official class. Perhaps at the invitation of a friend, Shen Zhou (沈周) painted this gathering activity of writing poems to urge chrysanthemums to bloom into a painting – "Appreciating Chrysanthemums in Seclusion". In the picture, there is a thatched pavilion, and three people are sitting around a table in the pavilion, drinking. A book boy is standing beside them, holding a pot, facing the master and waiting for instructions. Potted chrysanthemums are arranged in front of the pavilion, with a fence outside. Willows by the pavilion sway in the wind, and several miscellaneous trees are reflected in the thatched pavilion. In the upper left corner, five large trees open up the distant space, and blocks of rocks are distributed beside them, dotted with small grasses. The composition is elegant, and the use of brush and ink is exquisite, presenting a scene of clear autumn air. After finishing the painting, Shen Zhou (沈周) attached a poem to the lower left corner of the picture, which included the line "When will the potted chrysanthemums bloom, they must rely on the creation to urge them," expressing awe of nature.
The collector mounted the calligraphy of Si Zhong (佀钟), Zhang Sheng (张昇), and Fu Han (傅瀚) together with Shen Zhou's (沈周) painting, with the painting in front and the calligraphy behind, permanently preserving this autumn chrysanthemum appreciation activity, becoming a visual text for later generations to observe the lives of their predecessors. After being collected by collectors Zhu Zhichi (朱之赤) and An Qi (安歧), this work eventually became a beloved object of Emperor Qianlong (乾隆皇帝). Emperor Qianlong (乾隆帝), who loved to write poems and inscriptions, couldn't help but feel his skills itching when he saw this work, and he inscribed another poem on the painting. The only flaw is that he inscribed the poem in the blank space deliberately left by the painter, destroying the painting's balanced composition, which may be one of the reasons why later generations have criticized Qianlong's (乾隆) inscriptions.
(The author is the Deputy Curator and Research Fellow of the Liaoning Provincial Museum (辽宁省博物馆))
Return to TopBy: 许 嘉
Human life is inseparable from fiber. Fiber, a globally interconnected yet distinctive cultural medium, is now entering people's field of vision with a new posture and concept, participating in the reconstruction and renewal of the international art landscape. Through the ongoing 5th Hangzhou Triennial of Fiber Art, we can see that this "fiber starry sky" is weaving its own brilliant picture with its unique cultural attributes.
At present, the international art scene is changing rapidly. With the emergence of new cities and the unremitting efforts of artists in the "Global South," those unique local materials, traditional cultures, and intangible cultural heritage crafts have become catalysts and sources of inspiration for artistic creation and curating. In this wave, more and more artists are beginning to pay attention to the richness of fiber, exploring its unique expression, space, function, and value.
Fiber art has evolved from ancient weaving techniques. Through comprehensive techniques such as knitting, weaving, knotting, wrapping, winding, printing, embroidery, tying, dyeing, pasting, and sewing, it creates soft or composite material structures, including flat fabrics (tapestries), three-dimensional fabrics (soft sculptures), and daily-use arts and crafts. In the second half of the 20th century, fiber art, as a young art category, emerged from the ancient fabric culture. The focus on this soft material is an inevitable trend of modern art advocating material liberation, abstract expression, and spatial construction, and also echoes the diverse thinking on sustainable development, nature and artificiality, and regional culture since the 21st century.
In China, fiber art has gone through 40 years of exploration and practice. In 1987, three works selected by the Wanman Tapestry Research Institute of Zhejiang Academy of Fine Arts (浙江美术学院) (now China Academy of Art (中国美术学院)) were exhibited at the "Lausanne International Tapestry Biennial" in Switzerland, an important international stage for the transformation of 20th-century fiber art, becoming the first show of Chinese modern and contemporary fiber art in the world art scene. It was this seed that sprouted and took root by the West Lake (西湖), relying on the foundation of the "Silk House," continuing the artistic context of Lausanne, integrating Eastern aesthetic thinking, and nurturing the first pioneers of contemporary fiber art in this misty land of Jiangnan (江南). Hangzhou (杭州) has gradually become a global center for fiber art exchange and dialogue.
The 5th Hangzhou Triennial of Fiber Art, themed "Re-constructing the Starry Sky," is both a review and summary of the previous four sessions and a sincere response to the changes in the global art landscape today. Forty-five outstanding artists from 17 countries and regions are invited to jointly weave a new "cultural firmament" in this "city of silk," exploring the future direction of "Global South" culture and art in the context of the accelerated evolution of the world's century-old changes.
At the exhibition site, the giant lace art installation "Shrinking Land" (缩地) (partial view in the picture), covering an area of 470 square meters and 8 meters high, is like a divine touch, giving tension to the imagery of the Chinese zodiac through bold spatial narratives, and the water surface below leads these free "strokes" to a mirage-like unreachable place. This white fabric, created jointly by artists, architects, and 110 Hangzhou volunteers, allows every visitor who enters the exhibition hall to feel a strong visual shock, and then immerse themselves in the quiet universe constructed by fiber art. In addition, works such as electronically constructed oriental patterns, art journals wrapped in brocade, hand-quilted dragon turtle totems, and digitally woven sea crowds, whether it is topological thinking about fabric materials, reflections on the production line of industrial society, or AI interaction in the Internet era, and the activation and innovation of intangible cultural heritage crafts, all use "fiber" as a medium to carry out multiple sensory reconstructions and discussions in the exhibition.
Exploring the diverse potential of fiber art is the consistent academic pursuit of the Hangzhou Triennial of Fiber Art. Since its launch in 2013, the Triennial has always regarded fiber as a unique perspective, trying to explore the multiple possibilities of fiber art expression, the vast space of fiber materials, and its unique characteristics that AI cannot replace. We believe that fiber art, an art form rooted in deep cultural soil and full of worldly atmosphere, has a profound and delicate relationship with the public, and its future is vast and beautiful.
(The author is an associate professor at the School of Sculpture and Public Art, China Academy of Art (中国美术学院))
Return to TopBy: 焦兴涛
Not long ago, the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) of the Chinese Communist Party and seven other departments jointly issued the "Work Plan for 'Literary and Artistic Empowerment of Rural Areas' (2025-2027)," making systematic arrangements at the national level to promote art-led rural construction. The path of art-led rural construction at the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute (四川美术学院) began in 2012. From "art negotiation" in Yangdeng (羊磴) in Guizhou (贵州) to "village-community art" in Liuyin (柳荫) in Chongqing (重庆), from the Rural Art Season in Youyang (酉阳) in Chongqing to the vast rural areas of the west, the teachers and students of the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute have accumulated considerable replicable experience in art-led rural construction through continuous practical exploration.
In the winter of 2012, I led six graduate students into Yangdeng Town (羊磴镇), Zunyi (遵义), Guizhou, and jointly launched the "Yangdeng Art Cooperative" with local carpenters, farmers, and auto mechanics. Through pairing and befriending, studying crafts, and creating together, we integrated art into daily life and activated the community. In this process, art found a source of creation in ordinary life, allowing local experience to gain aesthetic expression, and allowing ordinary villagers to become the main body of cultural creation. Art permeates this land, not only beautifying the environment and nourishing the soul, but also driving the development of the rural cultural industry.
The successful practice of Yangdeng opened the way for the systematic construction of art-led rural construction at the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute. In 2018, the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute took the lead in establishing the Institute of Art and Rural Areas in art colleges across the country. Since 2019, experts and professors have been selected and sent to Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County (酉阳土家族苗族自治县) to serve as the first village secretaries. In 2025, we will jointly build the "Art-Agriculture Science and Technology Courtyard" with the China Agricultural University Science and Technology Courtyard, opening a new milestone in the collaborative innovation of art and agricultural technology... Relying on more than 600 rural public art, social aesthetic education, and rural design projects, the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute has gradually built a four-dimensional integrated rural construction system of "art-education-industry-governance." This system takes art as the medium, education as the foundation, industry as the driving force, and governance as the goal, forming a mutually supportive organic whole, transforming scattered art projects into a long-term mechanism for art-led rural construction.
The most difficult thing in art-led rural construction is not finding creativity or technology itself, but how to break down the psychological walls between artists and villagers and establish genuine emotional connection and trust. In Yangdeng Town (羊磴镇), we adhere to the concept of "art negotiation." For more than 10 years, teachers and students have often eaten and lived with villagers, participating in rural affairs together, allowing art to gradually internalize into villagers' lives and rural construction. Those negotiated creation results that quietly bloom in courtyards, streets, old houses, restaurants, and farmers' markets have now become a part of Yangdeng's daily life. In Liuyin Town (柳荫镇), we restored the local tradition of "walking into people's homes," and carried out negotiated creation with villagers around family etiquette and daily life, allowing villagers to become "life artists." This long-term, in-depth on-site companionship makes art no longer a "gift from others," but becomes the villagers' "self-expression," reshaping not only the living environment of the village, but also reconstructing the trust between people, weaving together an emotional community full of warmth.
In reality, art-led rural construction will also encounter the dilemma of 人走茶凉 (rén zǒu chá liáng - "when people leave, the tea turns cold," a metaphor for being neglected or forgotten once one loses power or favor), and once the artist leaves, the vitality of art empowering the countryside also weakens. How to stimulate the sustainable development of rural areas with art has become the top priority of art-led rural construction. We continuously inject energy into rural areas with ritualistic festivals, and expand the connection radius of rural areas with digital infrastructure. For example, we created the "Youyang Rural Art Season (酉阳乡村艺术季)," embedding art creation into agricultural rhythms, making it a new folk custom that villagers look forward to every year. In Liuyin Town (柳荫镇), we fully utilize digital technology to expand the rural vision: using VR (virtual reality) to reproduce the history of canals, guiding children to carry out AI (artificial intelligence) creation, and disseminating local knowledge through short videos and other new media. Implementing precise policies according to local conditions promotes art-led rural construction from project-based operation to sustainable growth.
Art-led rural construction is by no means a solo performance by artists, but requires the joint participation of multiple entities, that is, to achieve a leap from "more construction" to "more governance." In Youyang (酉阳), we promoted the establishment of the "People's Art Co-creation Society," adopting an organizational model of "first village secretary + university professor + villager representative," so that art-led rural construction transcends material construction and moves towards social governance, realizing a virtuous cycle of "art empowerment" and "effective governance."
Thirteen years of continuous exploration have witnessed the transformation of art from an aesthetic object that embellishes life to a social method that activates the countryside, giving the countryside new vitality. Fine arts colleges, with perseverance and the spirit of 久久为功 (jiǔ jiǔ wéi gōng - "achieve success through persistent efforts," continuous effort will lead to success), promote the integration of art education and talent cultivation into the process of comprehensive rural revitalization, providing a continuous stream of innovative power for literary and artistic empowerment of rural areas.
(The author is the President of the Sichuan Fine Arts Institute (四川美术学院))
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Title image design: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶)
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