Summary: Xi Jinping issued an important directive on comprehensively advancing the rule of law, emphasizing its integral role in the "Four Comprehensives" strategy and the development of the socialist legal system. He called for upholding the Party's leadership, ensuring the people's role as masters of the country, and advancing the rule of law in a unified manner. Zhao Leji and Ding Xuexiang attended the Central Conference on Work Concerning the Comprehensive Law-Based Governance of the Country, with Ding conveying Xi's directive. Zhao emphasized the importance of Xi Jinping's thought on the rule of law and the need to strengthen Party leadership in this area. Zhao also mentioned strengthening the construction of the foreign-related legal system.
Summary: A recent meeting on comprehensively advancing the rule of law in China highlighted Xi Jinping's emphasis on the organic unity of party leadership, the people's role as masters of the country, and governance according to the law. The meeting underscored the need to build a more complete socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics and a higher-level socialist rule of law. It was noted that promoting a law-based business environment supports private enterprise. The article claims that high-level rule of law promotes high-quality development, allowing China's modernization to progress steadily.
Summary: The CCP has released the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law (2025 Edition)," a revised and updated version of the 2021 edition. This outline, jointly published by People's Publishing House and Study Publishing House, aims to promote the study and implementation of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law. The document systematically elaborates on the significance, core tenets, essence, and practical requirements of Xi Jinping's legal thought, emphasizing its role as the guiding principle for governing the country according to the law in the new era. The Central Propaganda Department and the Office of the Central Commission for Law-Based Governance issued a notice requiring that the "Outline" be used as a key component of theoretical study for party committees, cadre training, and member education. The document emphasizes the application of Xi Jinping's Thought to promote the rule of law and build a socialist modern country.
Summary: The CCP Central Propaganda Department and the Office of the Central Comprehensive Rule of Law Commission issued a notice regarding the study of the 2025 edition of the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law." The outline comprehensively reflects Xi Jinping's original contributions in the field of the rule of law, systematically elaborating on its basic spirit, content, and requirements, and offering an authoritative guide for cadres and the masses. The notice stresses the importance of thoroughly studying Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law to enhance capabilities in utilizing legal thinking for reform, development, and risk management. It urges cadres and the masses to deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments" and maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee. The article did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang met with President Putin in Moscow, conveying Xi Jinping's greetings and highlighting the consistently high level of strategic partnership between China and Russia under their leadership. Li emphasized China's unwavering commitment to mutually beneficial cooperation, seeking to enhance resilience and maintain steady development momentum. He also underscored the importance of people-to-people exchanges and collaboration within the SCO framework, referencing the recent Tianjin summit. Putin reciprocated Xi's greetings and expressed confidence in China's development goals under Xi's leadership, while affirming Russia's commitment to expanding cooperation across various sectors and strengthening collaboration within multilateral organizations like the SCO and BRICS. The meeting did not discuss the United States.
Summary: Politburo Standing Committee member Wang Huning met with a delegation led by German Social Democratic Party co-chair and Federal Vice Chancellor and Finance Minister Christian Lindner. Wang stated China is willing to work with Germany to promote their comprehensive strategic partnership and advance China-Europe relations, referencing the consensus reached between Xi Jinping and Chancellor Scholz in May. Lindner affirmed that Germany views China as an important partner and adheres to the One China Policy, expressing a commitment to implementing the consensus reached by the two countries' leaders and promoting practical cooperation. Wang Dongfeng was also present at the meeting.
Summary: At the Second China-Europe Railway Express International Cooperation Forum in Xi'an, Vice Premier Ding Xuexiang stated China's commitment to the high-quality development of the China-Europe Railway Express (CEREE) as a flagship Belt and Road Initiative project. Ding proposed strengthening open connectivity, cooperation and innovation, risk management, and integrated development to elevate CEREE to new levels and promote Eurasian trade and exchange. He also met with Bulgarian National Assembly Vice Chairman Ganev to exchange ideas on China-Bulgaria relations and practical cooperation. Ding emphasized maintaining stable international industrial and supply chains to achieve a positive cycle of smooth logistics, trade development, and industrial upgrading, promoting economic prosperity in areas along the routes. The forum, attended by approximately 450 experts, entrepreneurs, officials, and representatives, focused on connecting Asia and Europe for a shared future.
Summary: Hainan Free Trade Port is scheduled to officially launch full island customs closure on December 18th of this year. Synthetic exercises and 7x24 hour hot runs began on November 18th. Ten "second-line ports" across the island are simultaneously involved in the exercises. According to the General Administration of Customs, preparations for customs supervision to ensure the smooth operation of the closure are essentially complete. The hardware and software conditions for the closure are in place.
Summary: This article, titled "The All-China Games in Light and Shadow," highlights the event as a convergence of technology and civilization. No specific officials or actions are mentioned, nor are there any allusions to the United States or U.S.-China relations. The article seems to be broadly celebrating the All-China Games. The specific content of the eighth and fourteenth pages is not elaborated upon in this context.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang attended the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Heads of Government Council meeting in Moscow, emphasizing the SCO's role in global governance and promoting Xi Jinping's global governance initiatives. Li called for leveraging the "Shanghai Spirit," focusing on development and security cooperation, enhancing innovation and energy transition, and finalizing the SCO development bank. He also urged the implementation of the SCO's future 10-year development strategy. The meeting participants signed a joint communique and cooperation documents in trade, railway, social development, and other areas, expressing their support for multilateralism and the UN's central role.
Summary: At the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Heads of Government meeting, the speaker highlighted the need to reform global governance, citing increased protectionism and trade barriers, including high tariffs, as challenges to international trade. The speaker proposed leveraging the SCO's strengths to address global issues by focusing on development and security, advocating for open trade, regional economic integration, and strengthened security cooperation against various threats. Furthermore, the speaker emphasized innovation and digital transformation, urging collaboration in technology, green energy, and sustainable development. The speaker also calls on the SCO to strengthen coordination, enhance financial cooperation (including the establishment of an SCO development bank), and expand its partnerships to promote multilateralism.
Summary: In Moscow, Premier Li Qiang met with Mongolian Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai, stating China views Mongolia as a key focus of its neighborhood diplomacy. Li expressed China's willingness to build a China-Mongolia community of shared future, strengthen strategic communication, expand trade, and explore cooperation in green energy and the digital economy. He emphasized mutual respect for core interests. Oyun-Erdene reaffirmed Mongolia's adherence to the One China policy and expressed gratitude for China's assistance.
Summary: The article condemns Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's remarks regarding potential military intervention in the Taiwan Strait, characterizing them as gross interference in China's internal affairs and a violation of the One China principle enshrined in the four Sino-Japanese political documents. It accuses Takaichi of undermining the political foundation of Sino-Japanese relations and harming the feelings of the Chinese people, rejecting claims that China's response is an overreaction. The piece emphasizes that China will not tolerate threats to its core interests related to Taiwan. It further suggests that Takaichi's strategic intentions pose a serious threat to peace and stability in the region. The author suggests the Japanese Prime Minister's remarks have been criticised domestically in Japan, and warns that Tokyo will bear the consequences if it continues on its present course.
Summary: Wang Yi met with Arab League Secretary-General Ahmed Aboul Gheit in Beijing, stating that Sino-Arab relations are at their best point under the guidance of Xi Jinping and Arab leaders. Wang affirmed China's support for Arab nations' development paths and strategic autonomy. He noted the upcoming 70th anniversary of Sino-Arab diplomatic ties and the planned second Sino-Arab summit in China. Gheit expressed the Arab side's appreciation for China's stance on the Palestinian issue and its anticipated constructive role, desiring strengthened multilateral cooperation with China.
Summary: At the 10th China-Singapore Leadership Forum in Singapore, Politburo member Shi Taifeng stated via video link that strong Party leadership is critical amidst global changes to foster new opportunities and a shared future. He emphasized the CCP's historical achievements stemming from its strong leadership, requiring adherence to Xi Jinping Thought and unwavering loyalty to the Party. Shi stressed the importance of serving the people and upholding Party discipline. Singapore's Minister Chan Chun Sing also spoke at the event. The forum concluded with the signing of a memorandum on exchange and cooperation projects.
Summary: Zhang Qingwei, Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee, attended a reception hosted by the League of Arab States (LAS) in Beijing celebrating the organization's 80th anniversary. Zhang and LAS Secretary-General Ahmed Aboul Gheit delivered speeches at the event. They also exchanged views on China-Arab relations in a warm and friendly atmosphere. The article does not mention United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: CPFL, a Brazilian power company owned by China's State Grid, has partnered with the Shaanxi Youth Sports Association to launch the "China-Brazil Family" youth soccer program in Campinas, Brazil. The program provides free soccer training to underprivileged youth and aims to promote teamwork and friendship. Brazilian coaches also traveled to Shaanxi, China to teach soccer to over 2,000 students, fostering sports exchange between the two countries. CPFL has also funded athletic training in Brazil for a number of years. The "China-Brazil Family" project was selected for the UN's "Global Youth Development Action Plan" in July 2024.
Summary: The second strategic dialogue between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the German Social Democratic Party (SPD) was held in Beijing on November 18th. Liu Haixing, head of the CCP's International Department, and Lars Klingbeil, co-chairman of the SPD and German Federal Minister of Finance, delivered keynote speeches. Liu Haixing introduced the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CCP Central Committee, expressing China's willingness to share development opportunities and safeguard world peace. The SPD expressed its desire to strengthen exchanges with the CCP through the strategic dialogue mechanism, focusing on German-Chinese, European-Chinese relations, climate change, artificial intelligence, regional peace, and security. The dialogue aimed to promote mutual understanding, expand consensus, and jointly solve global issues.
Summary: The Sino-U.S. co-produced documentary "Kuling Letters" has been released on major media platforms at home and abroad. The film tells the story of Kuling through the eyes of an American high school student, Holly, tracing her ancestors' footsteps in China, using a dual narrative of "history and present" to depict the cross-century friendship. The documentary is notable as the first Sino-U.S. co-production to tell the Kuling story. The project was guided by the State Council Information Office and the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries.
Summary: Chinese customs officials held a press conference on November 18th to discuss the upcoming full island closure of Hainan Free Trade Port on December 18th. Pan Cheng, Director of the Free Trade Zone and Special Zone Development Department of the General Administration of Customs, stated that the customs supervision system for closed operation has been established. They outlined simplified customs procedures, including streamlined declarations and reduced inspections for most goods moving from Hainan to the mainland, with the exception of goods falling under "zero-tariff," processing and value-added exemptions, and relaxed trade management measures. Xin Yan, Deputy Director of the Tariff Collection and Management Department of the General Administration of Customs, discussed measures related to "zero-tariff" goods, including those transported to Hainan via transit. Hua Zhenghong, Deputy Director of the Port Supervision Department of the General Administration of Customs, noted that policies adjusting duty-free shopping for passengers leaving the island led to a 28.52% year-on-year increase in sales.
Summary: The article discusses the rapid development and application of low-altitude logistics in China, highlighting its use in delivering goods in urban areas and transporting agricultural products in rural regions. Low-altitude logistics is especially prominent in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. While the industry is experiencing rapid growth, challenges remain, including infrastructure development and the need for improved low-altitude safety management. Experts emphasize the need for a balance between innovation and safety to ensure the sustainable development of the low-altitude economy.
Summary: Due to recent temperature drops and increased demand for heating and electricity, multiple regions in China are experiencing a peak in coal transport. China Railway Zhengzhou Group Co., Ltd. has initiated a "green channel" for coal transport, prioritizing train formation and increasing frequency to improve efficiency. The provided image depicts a freight train loaded with coal passing the Jiaozuo-Liuzhou Railway Yellow River Bridge in Henan on November 18th. The article makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: China's Ministry of Finance announced that national general public budget revenue continued to increase in October, with cumulative growth steadily recovering. October revenue was up 3.2% year-on-year, driven by faster growth in tax revenues, particularly from equipment manufacturing and modern service industries. From January to October, national general public budget expenditure increased by 2%, with key areas such as social security, education, and science and technology receiving strong support. Government fund budgetary revenue decreased by 2.8% while budgetary expenditure increased by 15.4%. The report did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The Chinese water resources ministry reports that China's water conservation industry is booming, with a market size estimated at over 760 billion yuan. Agricultural water use, accounting for approximately 60% of national water consumption, has seen expansion in water-saving irrigation areas to 638 million mu by the end of 2024. Domestic water use has increased, but is being mitigated through recycled water use, expected to exceed 25 billion cubic meters by 2030. The Ministry has also promoted water-saving appliances and implements water efficiency standards, improving access to water across both rural and urban areas. This expansion appears to be domestically focused, with no mention of international collaboration or the United States.
Summary: The CCP Central Propaganda Department and the Office of the Central Commission for Comprehensively Governing the Country According to Law have issued a notice regarding the study of the 2025 edition of the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law." The revised outline systematically explains the spirit, content, and requirements of Xi Jinping's thought on the rule of law, reflecting its latest developments. The directive emphasizes studying the original texts to grasp the Marxist perspectives embedded within, and using Xi's legal thought to guide practical problem-solving. The goal is to ensure ideological and political alignment with the Party Central Committee, thereby advancing the comprehensive rule of law and building a socialist modern country under the rule of law. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses the importance of Xi Jinping's legal thought (习近平法治思想) in advancing the rule of law in China and ensuring the country's socialist modernization, referencing a recent conference held November 17-18. It highlights the achievements made in the past five years, including improvements to the legal system and the promotion of a law-based business environment. The piece emphasizes the role of law in promoting high-quality economic development and protecting the environment, citing specific examples such as the implementation of the law on promoting the private economy (民营经济促进法) and the Yangtze River Protection Law (长江保护法). It calls for better coordination between the rule of law and development, and stable, open, and standardized institutions and rules. The article does not mention the United States.
Summary: Li Ganijie, a member of the Politburo and head of the United Front Work Department, emphasized during a research trip to Guizhou the importance of aligning United Front work with the spirit of the 20th CPC Central Committee's Fourth Plenum and the upcoming 15th Five-Year Plan. He stressed enhancing the effectiveness of targeted poverty alleviation efforts, adhering to the Sinicization of religion, and strengthening the rule of law in religious affairs. Li called for integrating "local needs" with the "capabilities of the United Front" to boost regional development. He highlighted the need to consolidate the sense of community of the Chinese Nation throughout poverty alleviation work.
Summary: Peng Qinghua, Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee, attended and addressed the 20th China Economic Forum held in Guangzhou. Participants emphasized the need for high-quality development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, focusing on technological self-reliance, a new development pattern, and green transformation. The forum, themed "Chinese-style Modernization and the 15th Five-Year Plan," included discussions on global trade and market integration in the Greater Bay Area. The event was attended by officials from central and state organs, local government representatives, business leaders, and experts.
Summary: The article profiles Zheng Fei, a skilled technician at a Guangzhou-based industrial internet company, who has benefited from Guangdong province's policies linking vocational skills and professional titles. Zheng's achievements in industrial internet technology, including winning a bronze medal at a national competition, have facilitated his advancement in professional title evaluations, allowing him to bypass preliminary stages. The article highlights Guangdong's efforts to incentivize skilled workers through better compensation and career advancement opportunities, reflecting a broader national policy emphasis on rewarding skilled labor and innovation.
Summary: This article discusses reforms in China's talent evaluation system, aiming to integrate professional titles and vocational skill levels, dissolving the traditional divide between "white-collar" and "blue-collar" workers. The reforms remove rigid requirements like mandatory English tests and stringent publication requirements, focusing instead on practical project experience and innovative achievements as evaluation criteria. This streamlined system allows qualified individuals to accelerate their career progression. The goal is to cultivate a stronger, more motivated workforce capable of contributing to national development through skilled labor.
Summary: State Councilor Chen Yiqin, speaking at the Third National Labor Cooperation and Labor Brand Development Conference in Nanning, emphasized the importance of deepening labor cooperation and brand development to promote employment and income growth for migrant workers. Chen highlighted the need to shift from quantitative growth to qualitative improvement in labor cooperation during the 15th Five-Year Plan period. She stressed aligning labor cooperation with industrial layout and integrating labor brands with industrial development to build a skilled workforce. Chen also underscored the importance of preventing the return to poverty and promoting common prosperity through optimized labor cooperation strategies. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article describes the revitalization of Zhongzhai Village, a Buyi ethnic village in Yunnan Province, China. Once reliant on fishing, the village has shifted to specialized agriculture, including oil tea fruit, Wogan oranges, and sugar tangerines, and tourism, leveraging its location near the Wanfeng Lake. Zhongzhai has used its natural beauty and Buyi culture to promote rural revitalization, offering leisure fishing and agritourism experiences. Villagers are now earning income from tourism, improving their livelihoods. The village was designated as a "Chinese Ethnic Minority Characteristic Village" in 2019.
Summary: China's state railway group (国铁集团) released its fourth set of standardized schedules for China-Europe freight trains, bringing the total number of routes with fixed schedules to 17. This expansion increases the number of trains operating on these schedules to over 1,000 annually, connecting nine Chinese and six European cities. The new schedules, which reduce transit times by an average of 30%, officially went into effect on November 18th with a train departing from Zhengzhou bound for Hamburg. Since 2021, the state railway group has actively worked with the China-Europe Railway Express Transportation Joint Working Group to promote the standardization of transit schedules. The China-Europe freight trains have seen a 41% increase in the average value of goods per container.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang met with President Putin in Moscow, conveying Xi Jinping's greetings and emphasizing the strong China-Russia strategic partnership. Li affirmed China's commitment to mutually beneficial cooperation, seeking to enhance resilience and maintain steady growth in bilateral ties. He highlighted the importance of people-to-people exchanges and collaboration within the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) framework. Putin reciprocated Xi's greetings and expressed confidence in China's development goals under Xi's leadership. Both sides agreed to strengthen cooperation in various fields and enhance coordination within multilateral frameworks like the SCO and BRICS to promote regional and global peace.
Summary: Changzhou is implementing a "cloud-based" responsive bus system to improve efficiency and reduce costs in rural areas. The system allows passengers to book rides via apps or cards, with smaller five-seater electric vehicles replacing traditional buses on low-demand routes. General Manager of Changzhou Bus Group Chen Ling stated that different versions of the system are being trialed, with the latest offering point-to-point service and flexible routing. Deputy General Manager Wang Shunwei said that the system is integrated into a city-wide intelligent dispatch platform. The new system has seen mileage halved and passenger numbers doubled, according to 267 bus driver Pan Jieqing.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang attended the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Heads of Government Council meeting in Moscow, emphasizing Xi Jinping's global governance initiative as a framework for addressing global challenges. Li called for leveraging the SCO's strengths to promote global governance and build a community with a shared future, focusing on development and security through initiatives like the Belt and Road and a SCO development bank. He also highlighted innovation and energy cooperation, including digital economy forums and renewable energy projects. The meeting resulted in a joint communique and agreements on trade, infrastructure, and social development. Attendees pledged to implement the Tianjin summit outcomes and uphold multilateralism.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang met with Mongolian Prime Minister Oyun-Erdene Luvsannamsrai in Moscow, emphasizing China's commitment to Mongolia as a key focus of its neighborhood diplomacy. Li expressed China's willingness to strengthen strategic communication, respect core interests, and expand pragmatic cooperation under the framework of building a China-Mongolia community with a shared future. He highlighted opportunities to increase trade, enhance cooperation in traditional sectors like mineral resources and infrastructure, and explore new areas such as green energy and the digital economy. Oyun-Erdene reaffirmed Mongolia's one-China policy and its commitment to friendly cooperation with China, expressing gratitude for China's assistance and a desire to strengthen cooperation across various sectors.
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Summary: This article emphasizes the importance of comprehensively deepening reforms and institutional innovation to unlock development potential and achieve high-quality growth. It highlights the achievements in cultural and artistic fields, such as the Palace Museum's innovative approaches, driven by reforms in the "14th Five-Year Plan." The piece calls for removing obstacles to the smooth flow of production factors and stresses the need to break down outdated concepts and systemic barriers to foster new quality productive forces. It advocates for establishing new systems while dismantling old ones to facilitate economic and social development. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses China's efforts to build "15-minute convenient living circles" (一刻钟便民生活圈) to improve residents' quality of life and stimulate consumption. These circles aim to provide convenient services like dining, childcare, elderly care, and community markets. The piece emphasizes the importance of tailoring services to specific community needs and promoting innovative business models to address residents' concerns. By addressing these needs, the article argues, China can unlock significant consumption potential and improve people's sense of belonging. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses the increasing trend of "cross-city tourism" in China, driven by concerts and other cultural events, and the associated challenges of transportation congestion and ticket availability. It highlights the "fan trains" (歌迷专列) initiative, exemplified by a special train service after a concert in Xiamen, as a positive example of addressing these pain points by catering to the specific needs of travelers. The author emphasizes the importance of thoughtful and responsive public services in enhancing the tourist experience and building a positive city image, referencing examples like Harbin's hospitality and Kaifeng's provision of rain gear. Ultimately, the article argues that a city's warmth and attention to detail in serving its residents and visitors are crucial for attracting talent and driving economic development. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Northeastern China is seeing a surge in winter tourism as ski resorts in Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, and Jilin open for the season. Local governments are promoting various winter activities, including skiing, hot springs, and cultural events, to capitalize on the growing interest. A report forecasts China's winter sports industry will exceed one trillion yuan by 2025. This surge in popularity illustrates China's expanding economic prospects in the winter sports sector. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article discusses the "invisible walls" hindering development at the borders of different administrative regions in China, exemplified by disparities in infrastructure and economic development. The author attributes these issues to administrative fragmentation and departmentalism. To address this, the article suggests organizational restructuring, clearer mechanisms, and smoother resource flow. Proposed solutions include establishing joint Party committees, inter-departmental coordination mechanisms, and shared funding models for cross-regional projects. The ultimate goal is to consolidate resources and policies across administrative boundaries to optimize governance and promote economic growth.
Summary: This article discusses China's efforts to bolster food security and modernize its agricultural sector as outlined in the "15th Five-Year Plan." It emphasizes diversifying food sources beyond traditional crops, promoting technological innovation in agriculture (including seed technology and smart farming), and improving agricultural services through cooperatives and service centers. The goal is to increase productivity, efficiency, and resource utilization in agriculture. The piece also calls for integrating agriculture with science and technology to comprehensively improve land output rates, labor productivity, and agricultural resource utilization efficiency. These efforts are geared towards transforming China from a large agricultural country into a strong agricultural power, with no mention of U.S. involvement.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate summary.
Summary: The recently released "Suggestions for the 15th Five-Year Plan" underscores the Party Central Committee's commitment to ecological priorities and green development, outlining strategic deployments for accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. The document emphasizes the need for high-quality development through green transformation, addressing environmental issues, and shaping new advantages in international cooperation and competition, particularly in the context of the global green economy and increasing international pressure on emissions. It also acknowledges both domestic challenges, such as the reliance on coal and the structural imbalances in industry, and international challenges, including protectionist measures like green barriers and carbon border adjustment mechanisms. The document calls for developing a new energy system, implementing dual controls on carbon emissions, promoting ecological zoning management, conserving resources, and strengthening international cooperation on green transformation.
Summary: At the ninth China-Singapore Law and Judicial Roundtable Conference in Shenzhen, Supreme People's Court President Zhang Jun stated the court's willingness to enhance exchanges and cooperation with the Singapore Supreme Court. Zhang highlighted the roundtable's success as a high-level platform for China-Singapore exchange, noting 31 topics discussed and six memorandums signed over eight sessions. He expressed hope for expanding cooperation, addressing new judicial challenges, and translating conference outcomes into tangible advancements. Chief Justice of the Singapore Supreme Court, Sundaresh Menon, was also in attendance.
Summary: The article discusses China's efforts to promote the intelligent transformation of its manufacturing sector, specifically focusing on the advancements in intelligent manufacturing within the offshore oil and gas equipment industry. It highlights the development and implementation of a domestically produced comprehensive production management and control platform, "Hai Gong Zhi Nao," at the Haiyou Engineering Tianjin Intelligent Manufacturing Base, enabling real-time management and improved efficiency. The base has enhanced production efficiency by 40%. The "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the development of intelligent and green manufacturing.
Summary: A symposium on the "spiritual lineage" of Chinese Communists, focusing on the spirit of resistance against Japan, was held at the People's Daily headquarters, hosted by *People's Weekly*. Experts including Li Zhongjie of the Party History Society and heads of university Marxist academies discussed the significance and contemporary value of the spirit of resistance. *People's Weekly* and a national Party media platform jointly proposed enhanced propaganda and innovative dissemination methods to promote the Communist spirit. The goal is to harness significant attention and positive energy to contribute to national construction and rejuvenation. There was no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: At the Sixth Session of the Third Plenary Meeting of the China Economic and Social Council (CESC), Chairman Wang Dongfeng stressed the importance of studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee. He called for the CESC to leverage its role in public, non-governmental, and think tank diplomacy while strengthening research and advising on policy. Wang also emphasized the need to focus on serving the implementation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" and promoting Chinese-style modernization. The meeting reviewed and approved the work report of the CESC Standing Council.
Summary: The Fujian aircraft carrier strike group, including the Fujian, Yan'an, and Tongliao, conducted its first live-fire maritime exercises since the Fujian's commissioning. The exercises included formation sailing, joint ship-aircraft search and rescue, and aircraft carrier-based take-off and landing drills. The drills involved J-35, J-15T, J-15DT, and KJ-600 aircraft, testing the electromagnetic catapult launch system and deck operations. The exercises also focused on emergency response capabilities and optimizing procedures for handling special situations involving carrier-based aircraft. The exercises appear to be focused on improving ship-aircraft compatibility.
Summary: At the opening of the eighth annual Taihu World Cultural Forum in Shanghai, National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Vice Chairman Jiang Xinzhi stated that Chinese-style modernization offers a new option for developing countries. He emphasized that the success of modernization is a global trend and aspiration. Jiang called for upholding the Global Civilization Initiative proposed by Xi Jinping, advocating for equality, respect, and dialogue to address contemporary challenges. The forum, focused on "Civilization Exchange and Chinese-style Modernization," hosted approximately 1,000 Chinese and foreign guests.
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Summary: President Xi Jinping has signed Order No. 55, promulgating the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law," which was adopted on September 12, 2025, and will take effect on November 1, 2025. The law aims to strengthen legal education, enhance citizens' legal literacy, and promote the rule of law in social governance. It emphasizes the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law. Article 10 states that the country will strengthen legal publicity and education related to foreign affairs, enhance the international communication capacity of the legal culture, and actively explain China's foreign-related legal concepts, propositions, and successful practices with Chinese characteristics. The law also encourages international exchanges and cooperation in legal publicity and education.
Summary: Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning reported that Director-General of the Asian Department of the Foreign Ministry Liu Jinsong held consultations with Director-General of the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs' Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau, Masaaki Kanai, in Beijing. During the consultations, China lodged a solemn protest with Japan regarding erroneous remarks about China made by Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi. China urged Japan to retract the remarks, cease creating disturbances on China-related issues, and take practical actions to correct its mistakes. The protest was based on the claim that Takaichi's remarks violated international law, damaged the post-war international order, and contravened the one-China principle, thereby undermining the political foundation of Sino-Japanese relations.
Summary: Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning stated that the current state of China-Japan relations is due to Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's "erroneous" remarks regarding Taiwan, which China views as interference in its internal affairs. Mao asserted that these remarks violate the One China principle and the spirit of the four China-Japan political documents, undermining the political foundation of bilateral relations. China demands Japan retract these statements, deeply reflect on its actions, and provide a clear explanation to the Chinese people. The US is not mentioned in this statement.
Summary: Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning stated that China would never allow the revival of Japanese militarism, a challenge to the post-war international order, or the destruction of world peace. This statement came in response to reports that Japanese officials are planning to reinstate old Imperial Japanese Army ranks like "Colonel" in the Self-Defense Forces. Mao warned that Japan is increasingly deviating from its pacifist constitution, expanding its military capabilities, and seeking offensive weaponry. She emphasized the historical lessons of Japanese aggression and the importance of upholding the post-World War II order. The statement did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning stated that the Diaoyu Islands and their affiliated islands are inherent Chinese territory and that Chinese coast guard patrols in the waters are legitimate and justified, rejecting Japan's protest. China does not accept Japan's unreasonable demands and lodged a counter-protest. Mao demanded that Japan abide by the four-point principle consensus between China and Japan, respect China's territorial sovereignty, and refrain from interfering with Chinese coast guard patrols or taking any actions that could escalate the situation. The statement directly addresses territorial disputes and maritime activities between China and Japan.
Summary: Chinese Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning stated that correctly understanding history is the cornerstone of defending the post-war international order. Mao's comments were in response to the EU's High Representative Josep Borrell's acknowledgement of the Chinese people's sacrifices during WWII. Mao emphasized China's significant contribution to the victory against fascism as the main Eastern battlefield. She further stated that China and the EU should jointly promote a correct view of WWII history and safeguard the UN-centered international order. This collaboration is intended to contribute to global peace and development.
Summary: Following opposition from Okinawa and Nagasaki prefectural governors, Hiroshima Governor Hidehiko Yuzaki and Nagasaki Mayor Shiro Suzuki voiced their objections to Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's attempts to revise Japan's "Three Non-Nuclear Principles." Yuzaki emphasized Hiroshima's status as the first atomic bomb target and warned against relying on nuclear deterrence. Suzuki stated that revising the principles would strengthen Japan's reliance on nuclear deterrence and urged the government to adhere to the established national policy. The "Three Non-Nuclear Principles" prohibit possessing, manufacturing, and introducing nuclear weapons into Japan. Takaichi's attempt to revise the principle of not introducing nuclear weapons has sparked strong domestic concern.
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Summary: The 15th National Games has passed its halfway point, showcasing athletes' dedication and the contributions of staff and volunteers. The Games serve as a catalyst for integrating competitive and mass sports, contributing to the construction of a strong sporting nation. Moreover, the event strengthens ties between Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau, fostering regional integration within the Greater Bay Area. The Games serve as a bridge, using sports to connect the three regions. The event highlights the cultural connections between the three regions.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and relevant summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: This article argues for the necessity of combining an "effective market" and an "active government" to build a modern industrial system in China. It emphasizes the roles of both market mechanisms in driving innovation and resource allocation, and government intervention in guiding industrial development, ensuring fair market order, and providing public goods. The author contends that this combination is crucial for overcoming challenges in factor allocation, innovation chain integration, regional imbalances, and maintaining industrial security amidst global uncertainties. It further argues that this strategy is essential for achieving high-quality development and building a robust and resilient industrial system. The article did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article emphasizes that improving writing style (文风) requires a fundamental shift in work style (作风), moving beyond mere textual revisions. It argues that superficial changes to writing without addressing underlying issues of formalism are insufficient. The author advocates for in-depth research and a practical approach to governance to produce meaningful and effective communication. The article also stresses the importance of leadership in promoting a culture of substantive work and clear communication within government institutions. There is no discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this article.
Summary: This article emphasizes the importance of integrated ecological conservation and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts (山水林田湖草沙) for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation, echoing Xi Jinping's thought on ecological civilization. It advocates for a systematic approach to ecological governance, including optimizing top-level design, expanding practical approaches, and strengthening technological support, to achieve overall protection and systematic restoration of ecosystems. The piece highlights the need for unified planning, major ecological projects, and enhanced monitoring and enforcement through technology. By focusing on these aspects, the article seeks to improve the effectiveness of ecological governance and build a beautiful China with a healthy environment. The United States is not mentioned.
Summary: China is expanding its Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) system to address the needs of over 45 million disabled and cognitively impaired elderly citizens, aiming to alleviate the burden on families. Pilot programs, initiated in 2016 and expanded to 49 cities by 2020, have shown progress by providing financial assistance for medical and care services, and have been implemented in cities such as Jin City, Ningbo, and Qingdao. Some cities are also piloting inter-provincial LTCI benefit transfers, such as between Nanjing, Suzhou, and Nantong. The LTCI system covers both medical and daily life care, with some cities also including services for younger disabled children and rental fees for assistive devices. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: China has over 45 million elderly citizens with disabilities or dementia requiring long-term care, leading to the development of a long-term care insurance system to provide financial and service support. Starting with pilot programs in 2016 and expanding to 49 cities by the end of 2024, the program now covers 188 million people, with 1.46 million receiving benefits this year. The insurance fund generated 24.415 billion yuan in revenue and expended 13.108 billion yuan. This system aims to alleviate the financial burden on families and individuals and promote the development of long-term care industries. The report did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Shen Yuxiu, an 83-year-old woman, has been operating a 4-square-meter public telephone booth in Shanghai for 32 years, charging 0.4 yuan for 3 minutes of local calls and 0.2 yuan per minute for long-distance calls. Despite earning only 60 yuan this month and having a pension, she keeps the booth open from 9:30 am to 8:30 pm, citing its importance for emergencies and providing assistance to passersby. The refurbished phone booth, now also staffed by community security, serves as a "city window" where Shen provides directions, believing it improves people's impression of Shanghai. A customer from Heilongjiang used the phone booth when his phone battery died, highlighting it's importance. There is no mention of the United States or US-China relations in the provided article.
Summary: Anhui Qingxin Interconnection Information Technology Co., Ltd. won an award for its "Distributed Photovoltaic Data Operation Platform" at the 2025 "Data Factor x" competition in Anhui. Qingxin Interconnection's General Manager Ni Xiuming credits Huishang Bank for the company's growth, citing their financial support through various loan products tailored to different stages of tech company development. Kong Qinglong, president of Huishang Bank, stated the bank's commitment to supporting technological innovation and industrial integration in Anhui, aiming to develop a "science and technology bank" with unique characteristics. Huishang Bank has provided over 200 billion in science and technology loans to over ten thousand customers, with innovative approaches in evaluating credit for tech companies. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A symposium on market supervision theory was held in Taiyuan, Shanxi, by the China Institute for Market Supervision and Administration. Representatives from multiple local market supervision departments discussed market supervision innovation and practical experiences. Discussions covered consumer environment, food safety, and special equipment safety supervision. Participants explored the roles and responsibilities of market supervision departments in governance amid market changes and emerging business models. The symposium aimed to promote public understanding of market supervision concepts through systematic research and targeted promotion.
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Summary: A special stamp issued by China Post in August features an ancient ginkgo tree in Rizhao, Shandong Province. The article describes the tree's history, cultural significance, and the efforts to protect it, including detailed record-keeping by a dedicated caretaker named Li Jianguo. Li has kept a detailed journal of the tree's seasonal changes and overall health since 2014. The ginkgo is a rare species unique to China, from which all ginkgos in other countries come. The tree has become a cultural symbol of Ju County.
Summary: Ningbo is expanding its photovoltaic (PV) power generation capabilities, becoming the first city in Zhejiang to surpass 10 million kilowatts of installed PV capacity. The city is utilizing rooftops and coastal areas for PV installations, supported by a smart navigation system for optimal site selection and AI-powered forecasting for grid stability. A new grid dispatching system has been deployed in Ningbo to remotely regulate PV power stations. The "Sunshine Treasurer" digital system is being implemented to improve the management and transparency of electricity costs for businesses in industrial parks. These efforts are contributing to green energy development and reducing carbon emissions in the region.
Summary: Jixi City in Heilongjiang Province is focusing on upgrading its industries by cultivating innovation, building support platforms, and breaking through key technologies in strategic emerging industries like biomedicine and new materials. Bettery New Energy Technology was recognized for its R&D capabilities and green production. Likang New Materials was recognized as a national-level specialized and innovative "little giant" enterprise, and its research on N-nitroamine-mediated direct deamination was published in *Nature*. Jixi City has increased the number of national and provincial-level innovation platforms to 50 and cultivated a strong cohort of innovative entities by improving platform capabilities. It is not reported that these initiatives have any connection to the United States.
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Summary: The article discusses the chrysanthemum, the official flower of Taiyuan, Shanxi province, and its cultural and economic significance to the city. It highlights Taiyuan's annual chrysanthemum exhibition, now in its 35th year, which attracts both locals and tourists with diverse displays and activities. The piece also details the local industry surrounding chrysanthemum cultivation, research, and related products like chrysanthemum tea, which contributes to the income of local farmers. The flower's representation of resilience is linked to the city's historical and economic development. The article emphasizes the increasing popularity of chrysanthemums among younger generations, solidifying its place in Taiyuan's cultural identity.
Summary: This article reports on the success of Zhu Shijie, a 32-year-old chrysanthemum farmer in Taiyuan, Shanxi, who learned his craft from a local expert, Gu Ruifang, and is now innovating in the field. Zhu's chrysanthemums were featured at the Jinci Chrysanthemum Culture Exhibition, where he showcased a 3-meter-tall, 18-meter-long dragon-shaped display. He also sold 50,000 pots of chrysanthemums, benefitting from the surge in "cultural tourism." Zhu plans to expand his business by creating a research and study center and introducing new breeds of Chrysanthemum.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to be able to provide a summary tailored for professional analysts of Chinese politics, focusing on key aspects like official statements, accompanying personnel, and any mention of the U.S. or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being used to revitalize the study, preservation, and transmission of Chinese cultural heritage. AI is being applied to archaeological research through digital reconstructions and analysis of artifacts; it is also being used for the preservation of cultural relics by monitoring deterioration and aiding in restoration. Furthermore, AI-driven technologies like digital avatars and immersive experiences are being deployed in museums to enhance cultural engagement and education. Experts emphasize that AI should serve as a tool guided by archaeologists' expertise. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The State Council has approved the establishment of a "National Reading Activity Week" annually during the fourth week of April, expanding the original "World Book Day" on April 23rd. This initiative aims to deepen the construction of a "reading China" and promote a nationwide reading atmosphere. National reading rates have increased from 76.3% in 2012 to 82.1% in 2024, with per capita reading increasing from 6.74 to 8.31 books, largely due to innovative reading activities across the country. The focus is shifting toward providing high-quality content and reading experiences tailored to diverse audiences. The ultimate goal is to integrate reading into daily life and foster a cultural environment that values reading.
Summary: Chen Jianwei, a municipal-level representative inheritor of the national intangible cultural heritage project Xianju Flower Lantern, is dedicated to preserving and innovating the art form. Xianju Flower Lanterns, dating back to the Tang Dynasty, are unique for their boneless structure, crafted solely from paper using intricate needle-piercing techniques. Chen is working to modernize the designs and make the art form more accessible by developing DIY kits. Xianju is promoting the art through schools and workshops to attract students and tourists. The goal is to integrate modern design concepts with traditional techniques to revitalize the art form.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: This announcement, issued jointly by Seres and Huawei, clarifies that the vehicle images displayed may differ from the final production models. The notice emphasizes that actual vehicles sold should be considered the definitive representation of the product.
Summary: Guangdong Mobile is leveraging 5G-A technology to enhance the 15th National Games in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, focusing on improving the spectator experience, travel, and entertainment. The company is using 5G-A to deliver enhanced services and experiences, aiming for "5G-A for all at the National Games." A 5G-A livestream of the badminton gold medal match will be available on November 20th.
Summary: As the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement approaches, China emphasizes its commitment to multilateralism and its contributions to global climate governance, including its own emissions reduction targets. Despite some countries backsliding on climate policies, China has consistently promoted international cooperation and consensus-building, providing a "Chinese sample" of green transition through institutional innovation and technological breakthroughs. China has also supported developing countries through South-South cooperation, including the "Africa Light Belt" project, and has played a key coordinating role in climate negotiations. China advocates for open trade of green technologies, but criticizes some developed nations for creating barriers that harm developing countries. China is actively promoting the success of COP30 and a global green transition.
Summary: The article discusses China's role in global climate governance, particularly in the context of the upcoming COP30 in Belém, Brazil. It highlights China's commitment to its "dual carbon" goals and its leadership in renewable energy, contrasting this with other countries' wavering commitments. The author emphasizes China's role in bridging the gap between developed and developing countries, and promoting a more inclusive and equitable climate governance system. The article also notes China's growing climate cooperation with Latin American countries, particularly in green technology and sustainable development, while contrasting China's openess with the rise of protectionism. Finally, the piece implicitly critiques the historical dominance of developed countries in climate governance, while promoting the China-led vision of mutual respect and cooperation for a green future.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and relevant summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: The recently completed third phase expansion of Xining Caojiabao International Airport, including a new terminal, aims to enhance passenger experience and support economic development in Qinghai. The expansion project overcame challenges such as permafrost and extreme temperature variations by employing innovative construction techniques, including a "smart construction management platform." The new terminal incorporates Qinghai cultural elements and provides green, convenient travel services. The expanded airport increases annual passenger capacity to 21 million and cargo capacity to 120,000 tons, facilitating the transport of local agricultural products. The project is intended to strengthen the overall competitiveness of the western airport cluster and connect Qinghai to more international routes via Xi'an.
Summary: The article emphasizes the importance of maintaining a "reasonable proportion" of manufacturing in China's GDP during the 15th Five-Year Plan to solidify the foundation of the real economy. It argues that while a decline in manufacturing's share is a natural consequence of economic development, a drastic decrease leading to "de-industrialization" must be prevented. The article stresses that a robust manufacturing sector is vital for economic strength, technological advancement, and overall national power, especially amid increasing international competition. China aims to upgrade traditional industries, foster emerging ones, and secure its position in the global manufacturing landscape by focusing on innovation and quality. There is no mention of the United States or US-China relations.
Summary: Ten departments, including the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Data Administration, jointly issued a plan to promote the opening and interconnection of logistics data to reduce logistics costs across society. The plan emphasizes strengthening the sharing and opening of public logistics data, including enterprise qualifications and infrastructure information, and supporting the construction of trusted data spaces. A separate plan from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Water Resources focuses on developing high-quality water-saving equipment. It calls for technological breakthroughs and the establishment of leading enterprises in the water conservation equipment sector by 2027, with a comprehensive system in place by 2030. The plan prioritizes key components, materials, and processes for water-intensive equipment and promotes industrial upgrading and technological transformation.
Summary: The Huaneng Zhengning Power Plant in Gansu is operating a large-scale coal-fired power plant carbon capture demonstration project, capturing 1.5 million tons of CO2 annually. The project utilizes domestically produced technologies, including a combined absorption tower, new absorption solvents, and China's first eight-stage supercritical carbon dioxide compressor. The captured CO2 is injected into deep saline aquifers for storage, monitored by an integrated system. This project aims to address the challenges of reducing emissions from coal-fired power plants while ensuring a stable energy supply.
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Summary: Shaoxing's Yuecheng district in Zhejiang province is rapidly developing its low-altitude economy, focusing on building infrastructure, attracting industry, and expanding application scenarios. The district has attracted 27 low-altitude economy projects with a total investment of 33 billion RMB, including a DJI Changjiang Delta (大疆长三角) supporting industrial park. The district also launched a low-altitude public transport route to connect Shanghai and multiple cities of Zhejiang province. Yuecheng aims to establish itself as a leader in low-altitude economic development through comprehensive service and innovative approaches. The article does not discuss United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article is a personal reflection on the author's upbringing in Tanghe County, Henan, and the profound influence of local opera on their life and career. The author reminisces about the vibrant rural opera scene, including the various genres, enthusiastic community participation, and the impact of renowned artists like the "Five Famous Dan" of Henan Opera. They detail specific performances and the moral lessons embedded within the stories, emphasizing how opera shaped the values of the community. The author notes that prominent figures from their hometown, including the Feng siblings, were deeply influenced by local opera. The author's own path led them to become a playwright, a career choice linked to their early exposure to the art form.
Summary: This article emphasizes the importance of diligence and pragmatism in governance, comparing it to farming. It argues that officials, like farmers, should be attentive to detail, responsive to the needs of the people, and proactive in preventing problems, constantly thinking about their work day and night. The author warns against complacency, detachment from reality, and self-serving behavior, stating that such actions can lead to disastrous consequences for the people. While acknowledging the limitations of the analogy, the article ultimately advocates for a sense of mission and responsibility among officials, urging them to be diligent and dedicated in serving the public. The United States and U.S.-China relations are not mentioned.
Summary: This article is a personal reflection on a farmer who sells vegetables at a local market. The author describes the farmer's unique practice of tying the vegetables with a strip of palm frond (葵叶), fashioned into a butterfly knot. This small act of kindness and attention to detail, along with the freshness and fair price of the vegetables, makes the farmer popular with local customers. The author appreciates this handmade touch in contrast to the common industrial packaging.
Summary: This article describes the popularity of mixed rice noodles (拌粉) and clay pot soup (瓦罐汤) as a staple food in Nanchang, Jiangxi province. The author highlights the unique characteristics of Nanchang's mixed noodles, emphasizing the importance of the chili and the variety of ingredients used. The article also depicts the hustle and bustle of a popular local noodle shop, illustrating the integral role of these dishes in the daily lives of Nanchang residents. It illustrates how the food gives the city a rich, vibrant atmosphere.
Summary: This article identifies the painting "Red Persimmons" as a work by Qi Baishi and indicates that it is held in the collection of the National Art Museum of China. The article is simply providing provenance information for a piece of Chinese art. There is no discussion of politics, officials, or US-China relations.
Summary: Li Yuemei, a young woman from Malaysia, disguised herself as a man to join the Nanyang Overseas Chinese Mechanics back to China Service Corps during the anti-Japanese war. After being injured, she became a nurse in a war hospital and later married a fellow mechanic. She was honored for her bravery and resilience. Her son, Yang Shanzhong, returned from Switzerland to trace his mother's footsteps, reaffirming the importance of remembering one's Chinese heritage. The article does not mention the United States or US-China relations.
Summary: This poem evokes imagery of a late summer or early autumn scene. The poem describes the transition from summer to winter, with lingering warmth and signs of the approaching cold. Details include geese preparing to migrate, drying fields, and the scent of golden osmanthus. Time is personified as a tireless embroiderer weaving winter and summer together. No U.S. or U.S.-China relations were discussed.
Summary: This short text is an invitation for readers to submit original, unpublished articles to the "dadi" section of the People's Daily via email. The email address provided is dadi@peopledaily.cn. The text emphasizes that submissions should not be simultaneously submitted elsewhere. There is no mention of specific political figures or events, nor any reference to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的十八大), the Party Central Committee has incorporated the comprehensive rule of law into the "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout and vigorously promoted it. The overall pattern of the comprehensive rule of law has been basically formed, the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics has been continuously improved, and the road of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics has become wider and wider.
On the new journey, it is necessary to fully implement Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义法治思想), adhere to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, focus on building a more complete socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and a socialist rule of law country with a higher level, pay more attention to the coordination of the rule of law with reform, development, and stability, pay more attention to safeguarding and promoting social fairness and justice, comprehensively promote scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding, comprehensively promote the rule of law in all aspects of the country's work, and provide a strong legal guarantee for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
Party committees (party groups) at all levels must assume the main responsibility and grasp the implementation of major deployments, important tasks, and key tasks in the field of the rule of law. Law-based work departments must earnestly perform their duties, take the initiative to take responsibility, and all departments and fields must strictly handle affairs in accordance with the law, and jointly create a new situation in the construction of a rule-of-law China.
Beijing (北京), November 18th. Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央), President of the People's Republic of China (国家主席), and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军委), recently made important instructions on the work of comprehensively governing the country according to law, pointing out that since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的十八大), the Party Central Committee has incorporated the comprehensive rule of law into the "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout and vigorously promoted it. The overall pattern of the comprehensive rule of law has been basically formed, the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics has been continuously improved, and the road of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics has become wider and wider.
Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that on the new journey, it is necessary to fully implement Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law for Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义法治思想), adhere to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, focus on building a more complete socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and a socialist rule of law country with a higher level, pay more attention to the coordination of the rule of law with reform, development, and stability, pay more attention to safeguarding and promoting social fairness and justice, comprehensively promote scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding, comprehensively promote the rule of law in all aspects of the country's work, and provide a strong legal guarantee for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that Party committees (party groups) at all levels must assume the main responsibility and grasp the implementation of major deployments, important tasks, and key tasks in the field of the rule of law. Law-based work departments must earnestly perform their duties, take the initiative to take responsibility, and all departments and fields must strictly handle affairs in accordance with the law, and jointly create a new situation in the construction of a rule-of-law China.
The Central Conference on Work Related to Overall Law-Based Governance (中央全面依法治国工作会议) was held in Beijing (北京) from November 17th to 18th. Zhao Leji (赵乐际), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局常委) and Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会委员长), attended the meeting and delivered a speech. Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局常委) and Vice Premier of the State Council (国务院副总理), attended the meeting and conveyed Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) pointed out in his speech that General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions are forward-looking and profound in thought, with strong political, ideological, and guiding significance, pointing out the direction for advancing the comprehensive rule of law on the new journey, and must be thoroughly studied, understood, and resolutely implemented.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) emphasized that Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law (习近平法治思想) is the guiding ideology that must be adhered to for a long time in comprehensively governing the country according to law in the new era. The historic achievements of comprehensively governing the country according to law fully demonstrate the power of truth and the great power of practice of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law (习近平法治思想). It is necessary to deepen the study, publicity, education, training, research, and interpretation of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law (习近平法治思想), grasp its implementation, and reflect the learning results in the practice of building the rule of law.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) pointed out that it is necessary to adhere to and strengthen the Party's leadership over the comprehensive rule of law, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," resolutely achieve the "Two Safeguards," unswervingly follow the path of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, and ensure that the Party's leadership is implemented throughout the entire process and all aspects of comprehensively governing the country according to law.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) emphasized that it is necessary to focus on implementing the strategic deployment of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee (党的二十届四中全会), adhere to integrity and innovation, and make steady progress in doing a good job in all aspects of comprehensively governing the country according to law, consolidate and demonstrate institutional advantages with the rule of law, provide legal guarantees for high-quality development, legally protect the people's rights and interests, enhance people's well-being, safeguard and promote social fairness and justice, maintain national security and social stability, strengthen the construction of a legal system and capacity for foreign-related affairs, and provide a solid legal guarantee for ensuring that decisive progress is made in basically achieving socialist modernization.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) pointed out that it is necessary to build a more complete socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, accelerate the formation of a complete system of legal norms, focus on promoting the construction of a law-based government, comprehensively promote impartial justice, deeply promote the construction of a rule-of-law society, deepen the construction of a law-based work force and the cultivation of legal talents, and lay a solid foundation for building a socialist rule of law country with a higher level.
Chen Wenqing (陈文清), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局委员) and Secretary of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission (中央政法委书记), said in his concluding remarks that General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions further clarified the strategic, overall, and directional issues of comprehensively governing the country according to law, deepened the understanding of the laws of socialist rule of law construction, and pointed out the direction for advancing the comprehensive rule of law on the new journey. It is necessary to thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law (习近平法治思想), thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the meeting, coordinate and promote scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding, strengthen legal supervision, and jointly create a new situation in the construction of a rule-of-law China.
Responsible comrades from the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关), the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部), the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (国务院国资委), Tianjin (天津), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), Fujian Province (福建省), Chongqing (重庆), and Gansu Province (甘肃省) made exchange speeches.
Shi Taifeng (石泰峰), Li Shulei (李书磊), Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠), Liu Jinguo (刘金国), Wang Xiaohong (王小洪), Zhang Shengmin (张升民), Wu Zhenglong (吴政隆), Zhang Jun (张军), and Ying Yong (应勇) attended the meeting.
Members of the Central Commission for Overall Law-Based Governance (中央全面依法治国委员会), responsible comrades from the party committees of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, and cities under separate state planning, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团) in charge of overall law-based governance, responsible comrades from relevant departments of the central and state organs, relevant people's organizations, and relevant departments of the Central Military Commission (中央军委机关) attended the meeting.
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The central conference on comprehensively governing the country according to law was held in Beijing (北京) from November 17th to 18th. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made important instructions, fully affirming the significant achievements in the construction of the rule of law in China since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, making important deployments for promoting the comprehensive rule of law in the new journey, emphasizing "adhering to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and governing the country according to law," and requiring "focusing on building a more complete socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and building a socialist rule of law country with a higher level," "comprehensively promoting scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding, and comprehensively promoting the rule of law in all aspects of the country's work."
Thought illuminates the journey, guiding the road to become wider and wider. In November 2020, the central conference on comprehensively governing the country according to law was held for the first time in the history of the Party, clarifying the guiding position of Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law in the work of comprehensively governing the country according to law, which has milestone significance in the process of building the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. In the past five years, from continuously improving the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution as the core in keeping with the times, to formulating and implementing the construction plan for the rule of law in China, the implementation outline for the construction of a government under the rule of law, and the implementation outline for the construction of a society under the rule of law, to further promoting the construction of a legal business environment, carrying out special inspections of law enforcement and justice in a solid manner, and punishing illegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law... Under the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law, the comprehensive rule of law has achieved historic achievements, providing a strong guarantee for writing a new chapter of "two major miracles."
Recently, the first volume of "Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Selected Works on the Rule of Law" was published and distributed, providing authoritative teaching materials for the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups to deeply study and implement Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, especially Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law. Closely linking the breakthrough progress made in the construction of the rule of law in China in recent years, and linking the transformative practices that have taken place around us, we can better feel the power of truth and the great power of practice contained in this important thought, and more firmly determine the determination and confidence to follow the path of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. In the new era and new journey, we must adhere to Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law as a guide, firmly grasp the profound revolution in national governance of comprehensively governing the country according to law, more consciously comprehensively build a modern socialist country on the track of the rule of law, and jointly create a new situation in the construction of the rule of law in China.
"Pay more attention to the coordination of the rule of law with reform, development, and stability, and pay more attention to safeguarding and promoting social fairness and justice," General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out the focus of comprehensively governing the country according to law with "two more." Here, the focus is on how to promote the coordination of the rule of law and development, so as to deepen understanding.
On May 30 this year, not long after the implementation of the Law on Promoting the Private Economy, the Administrative Tribunal of the Supreme People's Court applied the law for the first time and ruled in a case that the government department should pay more than 8 million yuan in compensation to the enterprise. The rule of law consolidates the foundation, stabilizes expectations, and benefits the long term. It is precisely by using the power of the rule of law to "support" private enterprises that the majority of enterprises truly feel that "the rule of law is the best business environment," and take reassurance and concentrate on development.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "To implement the new development concept and realize the transformation of the economy from high-speed growth to high-quality development, we must adhere to the rule of law as the guide." To protect the green waters and green mountains, the strict implementation of a series of laws and regulations such as the Yangtze River Protection Law has brought back the "smiling angel" Yangtze finless porpoise, which was once a "rare guest." To build an open gateway, the formulation and promulgation of the Hainan Free Trade Port Law and other laws escort the formation and rise of the Hainan Free Trade Port and the upcoming launch of the island-wide customs closure operation. With high-level rule of law promoting high-quality development, our pace forward is more steady and our momentum is stronger.
The "Proposal" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party included "the construction of a socialist rule of law country reaching a higher level" in the main goals of economic and social development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, and proposed to build a legal economy, a credit economy, and create a first-class market-oriented, rule-of-law, and internationalized business environment. Facing the future, to firmly grasp the requirement of paying more attention to the coordination of the rule of law and development, we must be good at using the thinking and methods of the rule of law to promote economic and social development and respond to risks and challenges, accelerate the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system, and continuously improve stable, open, and standardized systems and rules, so as to provide a solid foundation, lasting impetus, and broad space for high-quality economic and social development.
What we are doing is a pioneering cause unprecedented in history, and we are carrying out very grand and unique practical innovations in human history. The key is to have confidence, determination, and action. Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core, we will fully implement Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law, forge ahead along the path of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, build a solid foundation for the rule of law, and gather the strength of the rule of law, so that Chinese-style modernization will surely go far and steadily.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 18th. In order to continuously deepen the study and implementation of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) and the Office of the Commission for Law-Based Governance of the CPC Central Committee (中央依法治国办) have revised the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law" published in 2021 and organized the compilation of the book "Study Outline of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law (2025 Edition)" (hereinafter referred to as "Outline (2025 Edition)"), which has been jointly published by People's Publishing House (人民出版社) and Study Press (学习出版社) and is now being distributed nationwide.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has positioned, planned, and rigorously implemented the rule of law from the overall and strategic height of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, adhered to combining Marxist rule of law theory with the specific reality of China's rule of law construction and with China's outstanding traditional legal culture, and creatively put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies on comprehensively advancing the rule of law, forming Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law. Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law is the latest achievement in the Sinicization and modernization of Marxist rule of law theory, a major innovative development of the theory of the rule of law with Chinese characteristics, an important component of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and the fundamental guideline and action plan for comprehensively advancing the rule of law in the new era.
The "Outline (2025 Edition)" consists of 14 chapters, 51 sections, and 142 articles, totaling 105,000 characters. The book systematically elaborates on the great significance, core essence, spiritual substance, rich connotation, and practical requirements of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, fully reflects the latest developments of this thought, and comprehensively embodies the original contributions of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the field of the rule of law. The "Outline (2025 Edition)" is rich in content, structurally rigorous, faithful to the original text, and written in a simple and vivid style. It is an authoritative supplementary reader for the broad masses of cadres and the public to deeply study and implement Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law.
The Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) and the Office of the Commission for Law-Based Governance of the CPC Central Committee (中央依法治国办) issued a notice requiring the promotion of the "Outline (2025 Edition)" as an important content for the study of the theoretical learning center group of Party committees (Party groups), cadre training, and Party member learning, to study comprehensively and systematically, keep up with the times, study in depth, and study in connection with reality, to unremittingly use Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to arm the mind, guide practice, and promote work, to more consciously use Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law to guide the analysis and solution of practical problems, and to effectively transform the effectiveness of learning into the vivid practice of promoting the comprehensive rule of law and building a rule of law China, and to continuously create a new situation in comprehensively advancing the rule of law in the new era and new journey, and to unite and strive for the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country on the track of the rule of law.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 18th. Recently, the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and the Office of the Central Commission for Comprehensively Governing the Country According to Law (中央全面依法治国委员会办公室) issued a notice on conscientiously organizing the study of the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law (2025 Edition)". The full text is as follows:
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has positioned, planned, and rigorously implemented the rule of law from the overall and strategic height of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, adhered to combining Marxist rule of law theory with the specific reality of China's rule of law construction and with China's outstanding traditional legal culture, and creatively put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies on comprehensively governing the country according to law, forming Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law. The Central Conference on Comprehensively Governing the Country According to Law (中央全面依法治国工作会议) held in November 2020 established the guiding position of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law in the work of comprehensively governing the country according to law, which is a major event of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance in the process of socialist rule of law construction in our country. Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law is the latest achievement in the Sinicization and modernization of Marxist rule of law theory, a major innovative development of the theory of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and the fundamental guideline and action guide for comprehensively governing the country according to law in the new era.
According to the unified deployment of the Party Central Committee (党中央), in order to continuously deepen the study and implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) and the Office of the Central Commission for Governing the Country According to Law (中央依法治国办) organized the revision of the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law" published in 2021 and compiled the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law (2025 Edition)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Outline (2025 Edition)"). The "Outline (2025 Edition)" comprehensively reflects the original contributions of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the field of the rule of law, systematically expounds the basic spirit, basic content, and basic requirements of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, fully reflects the latest developments of this thought, and provides authoritative auxiliary reading materials for the vast number of cadres and the masses to deeply study and implement Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law.
It is necessary to unremittingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to arm our minds, guide practice, and promote work. It is necessary to organize Party members to conscientiously study and understand the great significance, core essence, spiritual substance, rich connotation, and practical requirements of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, adhere to reading the original works, studying the original texts, and understanding the principles, strive to master the Marxist standpoints, viewpoints, and methods that run through them, continuously deepen understanding, and comprehensively understand and grasp them. It is necessary to promote the "Outline (2025 Edition)" as an important content for the study of the theoretical learning center group of the Party Committee (Party Group), cadre training, and Party member learning. Legal work departments at all levels should organize the study of Party members and cadres in their respective systems in light of their actual work. It is necessary to adhere to comprehensive and systematic learning, timely follow-up learning, in-depth thinking learning, and learning in connection with reality, and more consciously use Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law to guide the analysis and resolution of practical problems, and continuously improve the ability to use the thinking and methods of the rule of law to deepen reform, promote development, resolve contradictions, maintain stability, and respond to risks, and effectively transform the effectiveness of learning into a vivid practice of promoting the comprehensive rule of law and building a rule of law China.
Through extensive study, publicity, and interpretation, it is necessary to guide the vast number of cadres and the masses to further study, understand, and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, deeply study and implement Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments," enhance the "four consciousnesses," strengthen the "four self-confidences," and achieve the "two safeguards," maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core in thought, politics, and action, **不忘初心、牢记使命** (bù wàng chū xīn, láo jì mìng shǐ - "never forget the original intention, keep the mission firmly in mind," to remain true to one's original aspiration and keep one's mission firmly in mind), work hard, overcome difficulties, unswervingly follow the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, and constantly create a new situation in comprehensively governing the country according to law in the new era and new journey, and unite and strive to comprehensively build a modern socialist country on the track of the rule of law.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Moscow on November 18th (Reporters Yu Hongjian (于宏建) and Chen Shangwen (陈尚文)) On the afternoon of November 18th, local time, State Council Premier Li Qiang (李强) met with Russian President Vladimir Putin (普京) at the Kremlin in Moscow (莫斯科克里姆林宫).
Li Qiang (李强) first conveyed the cordial greetings and best wishes of President Xi Jinping (习近平) to President Putin (普京). Li Qiang (李强) said that under the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era maintains a high level of operation. Since the beginning of this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Putin (普京) have met twice, pointing the direction for the further development of China-Russia relations. In the face of the turbulent international situation, China is willing to work with Russia to uphold the original aspiration of lasting friendship, strengthen the alignment of development strategies, deepen cooperation in various fields, achieve more practical results, and better serve the development and revitalization of the two countries.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that China's determination and position to develop mutually beneficial cooperation with Russia is consistent. China is willing to further enhance the resilience of cooperation with Russia, and consolidate and maintain the sound momentum of cooperation between the two countries. The two sides should jointly organize the new China-Russia National Theme Year, make good use of visa-free and other people-benefiting policies of "meeting each other halfway," promote greater mutual understanding and affinity between the two peoples, and consolidate the foundation of friendly relations between the two countries. China is willing to continue to work closely with Russia to implement the results of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (上海合作组织) Tianjin (天津) Summit, promote the "Shanghai Spirit," deepen unity and cooperation, create a model for practicing the Global Governance Initiative, promote the high-quality development of the SCO, and make greater contributions to regional and world peace and development.
Putin (普京) asked Li Qiang (李强) to convey his cordial greetings and best wishes to President Xi Jinping (习近平), congratulated the successful convening of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, and expressed his firm belief that China will successfully complete the development goals established in the "15th Five-Year Plan" under the strong leadership of President Xi Jinping (习近平), and achieve more significant economic and social development achievements. The Russia-China comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era is at its highest historical level. Russia is willing to maintain close high-level exchanges with China, expand cooperation in areas such as economy and trade, energy, agriculture, and infrastructure construction, and expand people-to-people exchanges. He congratulated China on the successful holding of the SCO Tianjin (天津) Summit, and Russia is willing to further strengthen communication and coordination with China within the multilateral frameworks of the SCO, BRICS and other organizations, maintain regional and world peace and stability, and promote common development.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 18th. Wang Huning (王沪宁), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协), met in Beijing on the 18th with a delegation led by Lars Klingbeil (克林拜尔), co-chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Germany and Federal Vice-Chancellor and Minister of Finance.
Wang Huning (王沪宁) stated that in May of this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) and Chancellor Olaf Scholz (默茨) had a phone conversation and reached important consensus on deepening Sino-German exchanges and cooperation. A healthy and stable Sino-German relationship is in the interests of both countries and meets the expectations of all sectors in China and Europe. China is willing to work with Germany to promote the China-Germany all-round strategic partnership to a higher level and promote the development of China-Europe relations. The National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协) of China is willing to make positive contributions to this end.
Klingbeil (克林拜尔) said that China is an important partner of Germany, and both countries have important responsibilities for the future of the world. Germany adheres to the one-China policy and is willing to work with China to implement the important consensus reached by the leaders of the two countries and promote pragmatic cooperation in various fields. The Social Democratic Party of Germany is willing to strengthen strategic dialogue with the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and enhance mutual understanding.
Wang Dongfeng (王东峰) and others attended the meeting.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Xi'an (西安), November 18th (Reporters Dong Xue (董雪) and Jiang Chenrong (姜辰蓉)) The second China-Europe Railway Express International Cooperation Forum opened on November 18th in Xi'an (西安), Shaanxi (陕西). Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, attended and delivered a speech.
Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) stated that China attaches great importance to the development of the China-Europe Railway Express. President Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized promoting the China-Europe Railway Express towards higher quality, better efficiency, and greater safety. As a flagship project of high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road," the China-Europe Railway Express conforms to the trend of the times, achieves leapfrog development, and has become an international logistics brand with strong radiation, driving force, and influence, becoming an "iron camel fleet" that runs continuously on the Silk Road Economic Belt.
Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) pointed out that the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC (中共) outlined a blueprint for China's development in the next five years and made important arrangements for improving the development level of the China-Europe Railway Express. China is willing to uphold the Silk Road spirit, actively communicate and cooperate with all parties, promote the continuous advancement of the China-Europe Railway Express to new levels, and better promote economic and trade exchanges and mutual learning between Asia and Europe. He put forward four suggestions: First, strengthen open interconnection, deepen the coordination and connection of infrastructure and rules and standards, effectively coordinate transportation modes such as railways, highways, and sea transportation, and consolidate and enhance the advantages of diversified channels. Second, strengthen cooperation and innovation, actively promote the application of high-tech technologies, accelerate the digital and intelligent construction of the China-Europe Railway Express, and cultivate new drivers of sustainable development. Third, strengthen risk management and control, strengthen the connection of transportation development strategies, establish and improve law enforcement exchange and cooperation mechanisms, promote information interconnection and sharing, and build a solid foundation for safe development. Fourth, strengthen integrated development, support in-depth connection and extensive cooperation among enterprises along the route, maintain the stability of the international industrial chain and supply chain, achieve a virtuous cycle of smooth logistics, trade development, and industrial upgrading, and promote economic prosperity in the regions along the route.
Bulgarian National Assembly Deputy Speaker Ganev attended the opening ceremony and delivered a speech.
After the opening ceremony, Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) held a meeting with Ganev to exchange views on China-Bulgaria relations and pragmatic cooperation.
During the forum, Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) visited the review exhibition of the practice of operating the China-Europe Railway Express.
The theme of this China-Europe Railway Express International Cooperation Forum is "Connecting Asia and Europe, Sharing the Future." Approximately 450 domestic and foreign experts, scholars, entrepreneurs, government officials, and representatives of international organizations participated in the opening ceremony.
Return to TopThis newspaper reports from Haikou (海口) on November 18th (Reporter Zhao Peng (赵鹏) and Sun Haitian (孙海天)) The entire island of Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港) will officially begin customs closure operations on December 18th this year. On November 18th, a comprehensive exercise for customs closure operations and 7×24-hour hot run testing were launched, with simultaneous exercises at all 10 "second-line ports" across the island.
This newspaper reports from Beijing (北京) on November 18th (Reporter Ouyang Jie (欧阳洁)) The reporter learned on November 18th from the General Administration of Customs (海关总署) that in order to ensure the smooth and stable customs closure operations of the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港) as scheduled, all preparatory work for customs supervision has been basically completed. The software and hardware conditions for customs closure operations are already in place. (Related reports on page 3)
Return to TopThe All-China Games Splendor in Light and Shadow
Eighth Edition
A Two-Way Journey of Technology and Civilization
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Return to TopThis report from our Moscow bureau, dated November 18th (Reporters Chen Shangwen (陈尚文) and Sui Xin (隋鑫)), states that on November 18th, local time, Premier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) attended the twenty-fourth meeting of the Council of Heads of Government (Prime Ministers) of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) member states in Moscow. Leaders and representatives of SCO member states, observer states, dialogue partner countries, guests of the host country, and heads of relevant international organizations attended the meeting, which was chaired by Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin (米舒斯京).
Li Qiang (李强) stated that at the SCO Tianjin (天津) Summit held in September this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) solemnly proposed the Global Governance Initiative, providing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions for the international community to jointly respond to global changes and solve pressing problems. As an important force in the construction and reform of the global governance system, the SCO has the conditions and capabilities to take the joint implementation of the Global Governance Initiative as an opportunity to play a greater role in promoting the realization of "world governance."
First, give play to its unique advantages. The "Shanghai Spirit" is highly consistent with the core concept of the Global Governance Initiative. The SCO has rich practical experience and solid mechanism guarantees. It should make full use of these advantages to show greater achievements in global governance and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Second, focus on the two key areas of development and security. Adhere to seeking development and promoting security through cooperation, strengthen the alignment of development strategies, jointly build the "Belt and Road" with high quality, maintain the stability and smooth flow of the global production and supply chain, and jointly build an open and inclusive world economy. China is willing to work with all member states to work together to build the SCO Development Bank as soon as possible, and proposes the establishment of a China-SCO Metabolic Disease Cooperation Center. Further strengthen the security cooperation mechanism, give play to the important role of the "four security centers," and promote the international community to adhere to multilateralism and promote universal security and lasting peace.
Third, stimulate the strong vitality of innovation and transformation. Strengthen cooperation in science, technology, and industrial innovation, and promote cooperation in traditional and renewable energy. China welcomes all parties to actively participate in the SCO Digital Economy Forum and the China-SCO Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Forum, and is willing to jointly build and utilize the China-SCO Digital Economy Cooperation Platform and the Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Center, and steadily promote the new "ten million kilowatt photovoltaic" and "ten million kilowatt wind power" projects in the next five years.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that at the SCO Tianjin (天津) Summit, the participating leaders jointly approved the "SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years (2026-2035)." China is willing to work with all member states to pay more attention to strategic synergy, effectively promote the implementation of cooperation, optimize and improve the operating mechanism, further enhance cohesion, action, and influence, and continuously improve and strengthen the SCO.
The participating parties stated that the SCO plays an increasingly important role in promoting regional integration and promoting the establishment of a just and reasonable multipolar world. All parties should work together to implement the results of the Tianjin (天津) Summit, improve the organizational mechanism, connect with the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative, implement the development strategy for the next 10 years, promote cooperation in areas such as connectivity, economy and trade, security, and cultural exchanges, practice the Global Governance Initiative, and safeguard multilateralism and the central role of the United Nations.
After the meeting, Li Qiang (李强) and the leaders of the member states signed a joint communiqué and cooperation documents in the fields of economy and trade, railways, social development and security, and approved relevant resolutions on the construction of the SCO.
Return to TopBy: 中华人民共和国国务院总理 李 强
Respected Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin (米舒斯京),
Colleagues,
It is a pleasure to once again attend the SCO Heads of Government meeting with you all. Over the past year, the international situation has undergone many new changes. Various unilateralism and protectionism behaviors, especially the increase in trade and economic barriers such as high tariffs, have severely impacted the international economic and trade order and brought huge challenges to the development of many countries.
At the SCO Tianjin Summit held this September, President Xi Jinping (习近平) solemnly proposed a global governance initiative, profoundly expounding the principles, methods, and paths to be followed in reforming and improving global governance. This provides Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions for the international community to jointly address global changes and solve pressing problems. As an important force in the construction and reform of the global governance system, the SCO has the conditions and capabilities to take the joint implementation of the global governance initiative as an opportunity to play a greater role in promoting the "governance of the world."
First, leverage the SCO's unique advantages. Since its establishment, the SCO has actively participated in international and regional affairs, forming some unique principles and methods of handling affairs, which provide favorable conditions for implementing the global governance initiative. First, the concept is highly compatible. At the beginning of its establishment, the SCO clearly proposed to promote the international political and economic order in a more democratic, just, and reasonable direction. For a long time, the SCO has always adhered to the "Shanghai Spirit" of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development. These are highly compatible with the core concept of the global governance initiative. Second, there is rich practical experience. SCO member states have transcended differences in history, culture, and social systems, properly handled contradictions and differences, and gradually increased trust and understanding, embarking on a new path of harmony in diversity, mutual assistance, and win-win cooperation. This has powerfully maintained regional peace and stability and set a successful example for improving global governance. Third, the mechanism guarantees are solid. The SCO does not engage in closed "small circles," but adheres to an open attitude to absorb like-minded partners, and has established more than 50 cooperation mechanisms covering politics, economy, security, humanities, and other fields, providing an effective platform for all parties to conduct equal consultations and promote common development. We should make full use of these advantages and show greater achievements in global governance.
Second, focus on the two key areas of development and security. Reforming and improving global governance requires all parties to build consensus and coordinate actions. Many of the problems facing the world today still need to be solved through development, and a safe and stable environment needs to be created. We should adhere to seeking development and promoting security through cooperation, and strive to achieve more governance results. On the one hand, jointly build an open and inclusive world economy. At present, the international community generally expects to reduce barriers, expand opening up, smooth economic and trade cycles, and promote world economic recovery. China is willing to work with all parties in the SCO to more firmly embrace global free trade and regional economic integration, strengthen the alignment of development strategies, jointly build the "Belt and Road" with high quality, implement the action plan for high-quality development of economic and trade cooperation, accelerate the realization of facility connectivity, trade facilitation, and financial integration, release the potential of the regional market, and inject positive energy into maintaining the stability and smooth flow of global production and supply chains and promoting inclusive economic globalization. On the other hand, promote universal security and lasting peace. In the face of the intertwined international situation, the SCO should further strengthen the security cooperation mechanism, promote more efficient coordination of the security forces and resources of all member states, and improve response mechanisms and enhance response effectiveness for various threats such as the "three forces," transnational organized crime, drug smuggling, and cyber attacks, to protect regional stability and development. China is willing to work with all parties to promote the early establishment of rules and regulations for the "four security centers" and play an important role as soon as possible. We must be brave enough to be the mainstay in a turbulent world, promote the international community to jointly defend fairness and justice, respect each other's legitimate concerns, and work together to maintain peace and tranquility.
Third, stimulate the strong vitality of innovation and transformation. Digitalization, intelligence, and greening are important directions for future development. Strengthening global governance should promote all parties to actively converge forces and share opportunities and results in related fields. We must jointly cultivate and strengthen emerging driving forces. Scientific and technological achievements such as artificial intelligence are the common wealth of all mankind. Artificially hindering scientific and technological exchanges and creating development divisions will only plunge the world into more disputes. The SCO should strengthen cooperation in science, technology, and industrial innovation. China welcomes all parties to actively participate in the SCO Digital Economy Forum and the China-SCO Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Forum, and jointly build and use the China-SCO Digital Economy Cooperation Platform and the Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Center to better benefit the people of all countries through scientific and technological progress. We must work together to promote green and low-carbon transformation. The SCO has always placed energy cooperation in a priority position, and should continue to promote the clean and efficient use of traditional energy and the installed capacity of renewable energy power generation to contribute to global climate change response. China is willing to work with all parties in the SCO to solidly promote the new "ten million kilowatts of photovoltaic" and "ten million kilowatts of wind power" projects in the next five years to better promote sustainable development in the region and the world.
At the SCO Tianjin Summit, the leaders jointly approved the "SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years (2026-2035)," which clarified the direction for cooperation in the next 10 years and painted a grand and beautiful picture. Achieving these goals and visions requires a stronger SCO, strengthening overall coordination and work promotion, building more powerful security guarantees, achieving more robust economic growth, and forming more attractive cultural characteristics. China is willing to work with all member states to continuously improve and strengthen the SCO. First, we must pay more attention to strategic coordination and further enhance the organization's cohesion. No matter how the international situation changes, SCO member states have always respected and trusted each other and treated each other as equals. This is an important political foundation for the smooth progress of our cooperation. As the world's century-old changes accelerate and regional turbulence and conflicts increase, we must adhere to this fine tradition, conduct in-depth strategic communication, strengthen coordination and cooperation in international and regional affairs, 勠力同心 (lù lì tóng xīn - "unite forces with one heart," to work together with one heart and one mind) and help each other, jointly respond to risks and challenges, and work together to promote development and prosperity. Second, we must effectively promote the implementation of cooperation and further enhance the organization's action. Chinese people often say that one point of deployment requires nine points of implementation. The Tianjin Summit put forward 70 initiatives to promote cooperation in various fields of the SCO. We should actively take action, study and formulate work plans item by item, refine implementation paths, and strive to achieve practical results as soon as possible. In terms of financial support and guarantees, we must continue to promote member states to strengthen financial cooperation and enhance regional financial stability and autonomy. China is willing to work with all member states to work together to build the SCO Development Bank as soon as possible. China proposes the establishment of the China-SCO Metabolic Disease Cooperation Center, which aims to enhance the well-being of the people of all member states. Third, we must optimize and improve the operating mechanism and further expand the organization's influence. The SCO has grown into the world's largest regional organization, and its influence and attractiveness are steadily increasing. We should continue to improve the "SCO Partner" system design, make good use of the "SCO+" model, open the door to more countries and international organizations that identify with the "Shanghai Spirit," and strengthen the positive energy of global governance. At the same time, we should strengthen dialogue and cooperation between the SCO and multilateral mechanisms such as the United Nations, and promote all parties to jointly practice true multilateralism and build a community with a shared future for mankind.
Next year marks the 25th anniversary of the establishment of the SCO, and China fully supports Kyrgyzstan (吉尔吉斯斯坦) in fulfilling its chairmanship responsibilities. Let us work together to promote the "Shanghai Spirit," with more firm mutual support and closer unity and cooperation, work together to reform and improve global governance, and jointly create a better future for regional and world peace, stability, and prosperity.
Thank you all!
(Xinhua News Agency, Moscow (莫斯科), November 18)
Return to TopPremier of the State Council Li Qiang met with Mongolian Prime Minister Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene (赞登沙特尔) in Moscow on the afternoon of November 18, according to a report in this newspaper from Moscow on November 18 (Reporters Chen Shangwen (陈尚文) and Xiao Xin (肖新新)).
Li Qiang (李强) stated that China and Mongolia are close neighbors connected by mountains and rivers, and maintaining a long-term, stable, friendly, and cooperative relationship is in the fundamental interests of both peoples. In September of this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh (呼日勒苏赫) held a meeting in Beijing (北京), further pointing out the direction and drawing a blueprint for deepening the development of China-Mongolia relations. China has always regarded Mongolia as an important direction in its neighborhood diplomacy and is willing to work with Mongolia to take the building of a China-Mongolia community with a shared future as a guide, further strengthen strategic communication, earnestly respect and take care of each other's core interests and major concerns, expand pragmatic cooperation, and continuously deepen and solidify the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two countries.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that China and Mongolia have strong economic complementarities. China is willing to strengthen the alignment of development strategies with Mongolia, further expand the scale of trade, strengthen cooperation in traditional fields such as mineral energy, infrastructure, and connectivity, explore and promote cooperation in emerging fields such as green energy and the digital economy, and create more convergence of interests and growth points for cooperation between the two sides. China supports close exchanges between domestic neighboring provinces and regions and Mongolia, deeply explores cooperation potential, and jointly promotes sub-regional international cooperation around the Altai Mountains. The two sides should promote exchanges between political parties, academia, media, youth, and other sectors, continuously deepen mutual understanding, and enhance mutual trust and friendship. China is willing to strengthen communication and coordination with Mongolia on regional affairs and jointly safeguard peace and stability in both countries and the region.
Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene (赞登沙特尔) congratulated the successful convening of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC and the deliberation and approval of the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal. China has always adhered to the concept of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness in its neighborhood diplomacy, and Mongolia-China relations have been friendly for a long time. Mongolia highly appreciates this. Maintaining friendly cooperation with China is the primary policy of Mongolia's foreign policy. Mongolia firmly adheres to the One China policy, and Taiwan (台湾), Hong Kong (香港), Xinjiang (新疆), and Tibet (西藏) are inseparable parts of Chinese territory. Mongolia thanks China for its long-term and valuable assistance to Mongolia's economic and social development and is willing to work with China to implement the important consensus reached by the heads of state of the two countries, strengthen the alignment of development strategies, expand mutually beneficial cooperation in areas such as connectivity, infrastructure construction, mining, and green energy, and achieve common development. Mongolia is also willing to strengthen communication and coordination with China within multilateral frameworks such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上合组织) to make greater contributions to promoting regional peace, development, and prosperity.
Return to TopNo country would tolerate the leader of another country rudely interfering in its internal affairs, and no country would tolerate the leader of another country issuing threats of force against it.
Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi (高市早苗) openly advocated the possibility of military intervention in the Taiwan Strait, rudely interfering in China's internal affairs, and refused to repent, refusing to withdraw the relevant erroneous remarks. This act seriously violates the one-China principle and the spirit of the four political documents between China and Japan, seriously undermines the political foundation of Sino-Japanese relations, and seriously hurts the feelings of the Chinese people. Individual Japanese politicians claim that China's response to Takaichi Sanae's (高市早苗) erroneous remarks on Taiwan is "an overreaction," which is a complete distortion and smear of China's legitimate and reasonable response.
The Taiwan issue concerns the foundation of mutual trust between China and Japan. The Sino-Japanese Joint Statement signed in 1972 when China and Japan normalized diplomatic relations clearly stipulates that the Japanese government fully understands and respects the Chinese government's position that Taiwan is an inalienable part of Chinese territory, and insists on following Article 8 of the Potsdam Proclamation. In 1978, the two countries concluded the Treaty of Peace and Friendship between China and Japan, which confirmed the various principles of the Joint Statement in legal form. The third and fourth political documents between China and Japan in 1998 and 2008 both reiterated their adherence to the Joint Statement's position on the Taiwan issue. The four political documents between China and Japan have made clear provisions on major principled issues such as Taiwan, laying the political and legal foundation for Sino-Japanese relations. They are the basic guidelines and adherence that must be firmly grasped when handling Sino-Japanese relations, and are also solemn commitments made by the Japanese government, which have the force of international law and have no room for ambiguity or distortion. No matter which party or person is in power in Japan, they must adhere to and abide by the Japanese government's commitments on the Taiwan issue.
Takaichi Sanae's (高市早苗) erroneous remarks on Taiwan seriously violate the spirit of the four political documents between China and Japan, and what is impacted is the foundation of Sino-Japanese relations. As a national leader, Takaichi Sanae (高市早苗) should have demonstrated a minimum of political responsibility and worked with China to promote the healthy development of Sino-Japanese relations. However, shortly after making the commitment that "on the Taiwan issue, Japan will adhere to the position in the 1972 Japan-China Joint Statement," Takaichi Sanae (高市早苗) put forward the erroneous argument that a "Taiwan emergency" may constitute a "survival-threatening crisis situation" in which Japan can exercise the right to collective self-defense, which seriously poisoned bilateral relations. This deliberate provocation exposes dangerous strategic intentions and poses a serious threat to peace in the Taiwan Strait and regional security and stability. No country would tolerate the leader of another country rudely interfering in its internal affairs, and no country would tolerate the leader of another country issuing threats of force against it. The "poison" that Takaichi Sanae (高市早苗) has injected into Sino-Japanese relations must be detoxified by herself. The only correct approach for Japan at present is to stop crossing the line and playing with fire with an attitude responsible to history and bilateral relations, retract its erroneous words and deeds, and earnestly embody its commitments to China in practical actions.
The healthy and stable development of Sino-Japanese relations is in the interests of the Japanese people, and undermining bilateral relations goes against the trend and is unpopular. In recent days, the extremely erroneous and extremely dangerous actions of the Takaichi (高市) administration have been widely criticized by people of insight in Japan. Takakage Fujita (藤田高景), chairman of the "Association for Inheriting and Developing the Murayama Statement," pointed out sharply that Takaichi Sanae's (高市早苗) remarks violate international law and seriously harm relations between Japan and China. The Japanese newspaper Tokyo Shimbun (东京新闻) criticized her remarks as "reckless and frivolous," emphasizing that it "cannot be accepted" for a prime minister to make such remarks. Japanese netizens bluntly stated that Takaichi Sanae (高市早苗) "lacks diplomatic common sense" and demanded that she withdraw her erroneous statements; even more, the public spontaneously organized rallies to protest her irresponsible provocative behavior. Japanese politicians should listen carefully to these rational voices and should not go further and further down the wrong path.
On major issues of principle, the Chinese people will never be ambiguous. The Taiwan issue is the core of China's core interests. Whoever dares to touch this red line, the 1.4 billion Chinese people and the entire Chinese nation will never agree! This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, and also the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's recovery. As the country that launched the war of aggression in the past, and as a country that has committed countless crimes in Taiwan, Japan should learn from historical lessons and handle Taiwan-related issues more cautiously. Japan, at the risk of the world's disapproval, insists on tying itself to the chariot of splitting China, and will inevitably **自食恶果** (zì shí è guǒ - "eat one's own bitter fruit," to suffer the consequences of one's own actions).
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 18th. Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, met with Secretary-General of the Arab League, Ahmed Aboul Gheit (盖特), in Beijing (北京) on the 18th.
Wang Yi (王毅) stated that under the strategic guidance of President Xi Jinping (习近平) and the leaders of Arab countries, China-Arab relations have entered their best period in history. China firmly supports Arab countries in following a development path that suits their own national conditions, strengthening strategic autonomy, and achieving unity and self-improvement (团结自强). Next year marks the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Arab countries, and the second China-Arab Summit is scheduled to be held in China (华), which will surely become another milestone event in the history of China-Arab relations.
Gheit (盖特) expressed that the Arab side appreciates China's adherence to fairness and justice on the Palestinian issue, looks forward to China continuing to play a constructive role, and is willing to strengthen multilateral cooperation with China.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 18th. The 10th China-Singapore Leadership Forum was held in Singapore on the 18th. The theme of this forum was "Leadership Development in an Era of Great Change." Shi Taifeng (石泰峰), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, attended and addressed the forum via video from Beijing. Chan Chun Sing (陈振声), Singapore's Minister for Public Service and Minister for Defence, attended and addressed the forum on-site.
Shi Taifeng (石泰峰) stated that the current once-in-a-century changes are accelerating, and changes in the world, the times, and history are unfolding in unprecedented ways. To nurture new opportunities amidst crises and create new prospects amidst changes, the leadership of political parties is the most critical condition. We must strengthen leadership development in line with the times, work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind, and promote the construction of a better world.
Shi Taifeng (石泰峰) said that for more than 100 years, the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) has been able to unite and lead the people to forge great historical achievements and create miracles, relying on its unparalleled strong leadership. We must deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments" and resolutely achieve the "Two Safeguards," continuously consolidate the party's unity and unification, and march forward in unison. We must adhere to using Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to arm our minds, guide our practice, and promote our work, be good at grasping development trends and laws, and accurately recognize changes, scientifically respond to changes, and proactively seek changes. We must adhere to putting the people first, doing everything for the people and relying on the people, and building an impregnable 铜墙铁壁 (tóng qiáng tiě bì - "copper walls iron walls," a strong defense) to resist risks and tests in benefiting the people. We must carry forward the spirit of thorough self-revolution, persevere in advancing comprehensive and strict Party governance, and better lead social revolution with the Party's self-revolution.
The two delegations conducted in-depth exchanges around the theme of the forum and signed a memorandum of understanding on exchange and cooperation projects.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 18th. Zhang Qingwei (张庆伟), Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, attended a reception held by the League of Arab States (阿拉伯国家联盟) Representative Office in China on November 18th to celebrate the 80th anniversary of the League's founding. Zhang Qingwei (张庆伟) and Secretary-General Ahmed Aboul Gheit (盖特) of the Arab League (阿盟) delivered speeches respectively, and exchanged views on China-Arab relations in a warm and friendly atmosphere.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 陈一鸣
On a green field in the Oziel community of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, the laughter of children echoes across the field. This is the youth football training base built by the State Grid Brazil Power CPFL company in the Oziel community. In September 2024, the "China-Brazil Family" youth football public welfare project jointly initiated by the company and the Shaanxi Provincial Youth Sports Association officially launched, with its first stop here.
"Football brings hope to these children," said Brazilian coach Octavio Muniz Camilo. Chinese companies not only helped build standardized training grounds, but also provided systematic and free professional football training for 360 young people aged 6 to 16. Football has not only changed the fate of the children, but also revitalized the Oziel community. The children learn rules and cooperation in training, and the parents spontaneously form volunteer service teams. "We hope that the children will understand the true meaning of teamwork and friendship." He said that sports is the best bridge to overcome language, cultural and trust barriers.
Ten-year-old Maria Gabriel is now the main defender of the community team. What she looks forward to most every day is putting on her sneakers after school and running to the green field. "I love playing football. On the field, I feel as important as everyone else," she said.
The public welfare project is also linked with the "Three Hundred Project" entering campus public welfare class in Shaanxi Province to promote Sino-Brazilian youth sports exchanges. In 2024, the first group of senior Brazilian coaches went to Xi'an (西安), Xianyang (咸阳) and other places in Shaanxi to coach for two months, bringing authentic "Samba football" experience to more than 2,000 Chinese students. In June 2025, a new group of Brazilian coaches will go to China to deeply participate in local campus football courses and promote the long-term cooperation mechanism of Sino-Brazilian sports exchanges. In July, the "China-Brazil Family" youth football public welfare project was successfully selected into the second batch of typical project lists of the United Nations "Global Youth Development Action Plan."
Daniela Pagotto, head of the CPFL company's cultural center, introduced that the company has also long-term funded the Orcamp Sports Training School in Campinas, providing systematic training for more than 6,000 young people and cultivating more than 800 professional athletes, more than 50 of whom have represented Brazil in the Olympic Games and the Pan American Games. Since its launch in 2020, the relevant public welfare project has continued to focus on middle- and low-income communities in Brazil, broadening the path for youth growth through sports, music training and vocational skills support in various forms. As of 2024, the project covers 15,000 people and has benefited more than 100,000 people.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 18th (Xinhua) – On November 18th, the second round of strategic dialogue between the Communist Party of China and the Social Democratic Party of Germany was held in Beijing (北京). Liu Haixing (刘海星), Minister of the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央对外联络部), and Lars Klingbeil (克林拜尔), Co-Chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (德国社民党), Federal Vice-Chancellor and Minister of Finance, attended and delivered keynote speeches. Representatives from relevant Chinese ministries and think tanks, as well as members of the German Social Democratic Party delegation, attended the meeting.
Liu Haixing (刘海星) introduced the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, stating that China is willing to share development opportunities with Germany and work together to maintain world peace and stability. The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) is willing to make good use of the strategic dialogue mechanism with the Social Democratic Party of Germany (德国社民党) to strengthen exchanges and mutual learning, promote cooperation in various fields, and promote the healthy and stable development of China-Germany (中德) and China-Europe (中欧) relations.
The German side stated that the Social Democratic Party of Germany (德国社民党) is willing to strengthen exchanges with the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), and through the strategic dialogue mechanism platform, conduct frank and open dialogue on a wide range of topics such as German-Chinese (德中) and European-Chinese (欧中) relations, climate change, artificial intelligence, and regional peace and security, enhance mutual understanding, expand consensus, and make efforts to jointly solve global problems.
Return to TopThis newspaper reports from Beijing on November 18th (Reporter Li Zhuoer (李卓尔)) The Sino-US co-produced documentary "Kuling Letters" was recently launched and broadcast on mainstream media and new media platforms at home and abroad. As the first documentary to tell the story of Kuling (鼓岭) through Sino-US co-production, "Kuling Letters" takes the descendants of Kuling, American high school student Holly, coming to China to trace the footsteps of her ancestors as the main line. Through the double-line narrative of "history and present," it vividly outlines a Kuling love affair that spans centuries and is passed down through generations, 薪火相传 (xīn huǒ xiāng chuán - "firewood passed down," to pass on from generation to generation).
It is reported that the documentary "Kuling Letters" is guided by the State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办公室) and the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (中国人民对外友好协会), and is produced by the China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration (中国外文局) and the Publicity Department of the Fujian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共福建省委宣传部).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 欧阳洁
On December 18, the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港) will officially launch full island closure. After the closure, the entire island of Hainan (海南岛) will be built into a special customs supervision area, implementing a liberalization and facilitation policy system characterized by "'first line' liberalization, 'second line' control, and freedom within the island."
What is the progress of the full island closure preparation work? What changes will it bring to businesses and travelers? How can safe, efficient, and precise supervision be achieved? The General Administration of Customs (海关总署) held a press briefing on November 18 to introduce the overall situation of customs support for the construction of the Hainan Free Trade Port.
All goods except for 3 categories can be exported from the island through non-customs supervision channels.
The customs supervision system for closure operation has been established. Pan Cheng (潘城), Director of the Free Trade Zone and Special Zone Development Department of the General Administration of Customs (海关总署自贸区和特殊区域发展司司长), introduced that Haikou Customs (海口海关) has formulated 12 customs-level supporting systems for the "zero tariff" goods and goods subject to the processing and value-added duty-free policy, including the implementation of full-process supervision, "batch departure from the island, centralized declaration" facilitation measures, and port supervision.
The hardware and software conditions for closure operation are ready. Closure operation requires upgrading 8 opening ports to the outside world and building 10 "second line ports" to a high standard. Pan Cheng (潘城) introduced that the 10 "second line ports" have passed national acceptance, the regulatory facilities and equipment are ready for use, the customs intelligent supervision platform has been launched, and 4 customs closure guarantee projects such as the Hainan International Travel Health Care Center (海南国际旅行卫生保健中心) have all been put into use.
129 companies on the island have been approved for processing and value-added business pilot qualifications. As of September this year, customs has cumulatively supervised domestic sales of goods worth 11.08 billion yuan, with tariff reductions and exemptions of 860 million yuan. Consolidating the major risk prevention and control system, since May this year, the proportion of high-risk amounts in offshore duty-free has been controlled below 2% for 6 consecutive months.
How is the customs supervision system of "'first line' liberalization, 'second line' control, and freedom within the island" implemented? Pan Cheng (潘城) introduced that what is liberalized on the "first line" is what is controlled on the "second line," so as to achieve both precise control and efficient convenience.
Maximize the simplification of "second line" declaration. It is stipulated that except for 3 types of goods, namely "zero tariff," processing and value-added duty-free, and relaxation of trade management measures, that need to be exported from the island through supervision channels, all other goods can be exported from the island through non-customs supervision channels; innovate and implement the "batch departure from the island, centralized declaration" customs clearance model, allowing eligible enterprises and goods to "declare once, release at one stop"; enterprises can first go through the "second line" departure procedures for goods in batches with the release list, and centrally handle account book lists and customs declaration procedures within the prescribed time, which is convenient for goods to be sold off the island and reduces transportation waiting time.
Gao Ruifeng (高瑞峰), Director of Haikou Customs (海口海关关长), introduced that customs clearance on the "first line" is more convenient, with the number of declaration items simplified from 105 to 33, and customs clearance efficiency has been greatly improved. "Second line" supervision is more precise, maximizing the convenience of trade between Hainan (海南) and the mainland. The circulation within the island is more flexible. After the "zero tariff" goods are imported, customs establishes an electronic account for each enterprise to implement electronic tracking management. The "zero tariff" goods and their processed products can be freely stored in the free trade port without storage period limits.
The threshold for enjoying the processing and value-added duty-free policy is lowered, and the beneficiary scope is expanded.
After the closure operation, the processing and value-added duty-free policy will be implemented in the entire area of the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港). For goods produced by encouraged industry enterprises with imported materials processed and value-added in the Hainan Free Trade Port exceeding 30% (inclusive), import duties will be exempted when entering the mainland through the "second line."
After the closure operation, the processing and value-added duty-free policy will be further optimized: relaxing the threshold for enterprises to enjoy the benefits, and canceling the restriction that the main business income of encouraged industry enterprises enjoying the benefits accounts for more than 60% of the total income of the enterprise; expanding the scope of imported materials, and including "zero tariff" imported goods in the scope of policy application; optimizing the processing and value-added calculation formula, and the value of goods produced in the Hainan Free Trade Port can be included in the value-added part; expanding the scope of application for cumulative processing and value-added, for bonded imported goods that are processed and manufactured by different registered enterprises upstream and downstream of the production process in the Hainan Free Trade Port to generate value-added, the value-added part can be cumulatively calculated, encouraging enterprises to expand and extend the industrial chain.
"The threshold for enjoying the benefits is lowered, and the beneficiary scope is expanded, helping relevant enterprises on the island to carry out processing and manufacturing, and cultivate and build industrial chains and industrial clusters." Xin Yan (信燕), Deputy Director of the Tariff Collection and Management Department of the General Administration of Customs (海关总署关税征管司副司长), introduced that customs will help enterprises understand and make good use of this policy.
What are the key measures for the goods tax policy? Xin Yan (信燕) introduced that "zero tariff" imported goods include imported goods transferred to the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港). For "zero tariff" goods and their processed products that have been paid or supplemented with import-related taxes at the "first line" import link or during circulation between beneficiaries in the Hainan Free Trade Port, no additional import-related taxes will be paid when entering the mainland through the "second line." Among them, the import-related tax amount generated due to the supplementary payment of import duties will no longer be supplemented, further reducing enterprise costs.
After the policy adjustment, the offshore duty-free sales amount increased by 28.52% year-on-year.
From November 1, the announcement on adjusting the offshore passenger duty-free shopping policy was officially implemented, adding 2 major categories of goods and 3 sub-categories of goods, including departing passengers in the scope of beneficiaries, and allowing 6 categories of domestic goods to be sold in offshore duty-free shops. Residents on the island can purchase "buy and take away" goods an unlimited number of times for one departure from the island within a year.
Hua Zhenghong (华正红), Deputy Director of the Port Supervision Department of the General Administration of Customs (海关总署口岸监管司副司长), introduced that customs has optimized the customs clearance and tax refund process for domestic goods, and deployed intelligent supervision equipment; optimized service guarantees, and allowed newly added categories of goods to be filed with customs and put into storage in advance. Since the implementation of the new policy, the newly added electronic consumer products have been very popular, and the shopping enthusiasm of departing passengers has continued to rise. As of November 17, customs has supervised a total of 1.325 billion yuan in offshore duty-free sales, an increase of 28.52% year-on-year.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 韩 鑫
Fresh matsutake mushrooms take the "air express" to fly out of the deep mountains, "air-to-air combined transport" helps Chongqing Wushan crisp plums (重庆巫山脆李) to be transported out of the Three Gorges Reservoir area faster, and drinking a cup of coffee delivered by a drone by the Great Wall... Since the beginning of this year, drones have been flying to fields, remote mountainous areas, across city buildings, and over major rivers, becoming a new carrier for logistics and transportation.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal suggests accelerating the development of strategic emerging industry clusters such as new energy, new materials, aerospace, and the low-altitude economy. Improve the industrial ecology, implement large-scale application demonstration actions for new technologies, new products, and new scenarios, and accelerate the large-scale development of emerging industries.
Low-altitude logistics is an important part of the low-altitude economy. What is the application situation? What opportunities and challenges does the industrial development face? The reporter conducted an interview.
Application Acceleration
More than 140 new low-altitude logistics routes were opened last year.
At noon, Shanghai Internet Baodi Yangpu Park (上海互联宝地杨浦园) is at its peak dining time, and drones are busy taking off and landing above the food pick-up cabinets. "I ordered a cup of milk tea, which was more than 4 kilometers away, and it was delivered in less than 10 minutes, which is very convenient!" said Ms. Wang, who works in the park.
In response to the problem of instant delivery in some areas, Shanghai United Meituan (上海联合美团) has built a low-altitude logistics model of "instant response + precise airdrop." The three distribution routes cover surrounding universities and parks, basically achieving delivery within 15 minutes.
In recent years, low-altitude logistics has become more and more widely used in various places.
In Suzhou Industrial Park (苏州工业园区), Jiangsu, the semiconductor analysis and testing drone sample line recently achieved its first flight. In less than 1 hour, the sample took a drone directly to the company's laboratory to meet the customer's high requirements for timeliness in the research and development process.
In Guiya Village (桂垭村), Jiuwanxi Town (九畹溪镇), Zigui (秭归), Hubei, drones have become "orange carriers," accelerating the "descent" of navel oranges. The time required to transport 2,000 kilograms of navel oranges has been shortened from 3 hours to 10 minutes.
Between Shenzhen (深圳) and Zhongshan (中山), Guangdong, the low-altitude logistics commercial route between the two places has built an "air Shenzhen-Zhongshan channel." After users place an order through the mini-program, small and medium-sized urgent items can be "cross-city flown" in an average of 3 hours.
"Shenzhen-Zhongshan" (深圳—中山), "Shenzhen-Zhuhai" (深圳—珠海), "Shenzhen-Dongguan" (深圳—东莞)... Over the past year or so, cross-city routes have been continuously "updated" in Guangdong, and a low-altitude logistics network is accelerating in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区). As of now, SF Fengyi drones (顺丰丰翼无人机) fly thousands of sorties per day in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, transporting more than 20,000 orders.
From a line to a network, from "niche pilot" to "mass experience," low-altitude logistics has gradually entered production and life, and has been applied in many fields such as express delivery, agricultural product transportation, and medical material transportation. In 2024, more than 140 new low-altitude logistics routes were opened in China, of which urban routes accounted for 90% of the total number of new routes.
"China's low-altitude logistics industry is mainly concentrated in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the Yangtze River Delta, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the Sichuan-Chongqing region, while other regions are mainly based on scenario applications." Dong Zhiyi (董志毅), chief expert of low-altitude economy of the Chinese Aeronautical Society (中国航空学会), introduced that the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the Yangtze River Delta are relatively developed economically and have rich application scenarios; the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has strong innovation capabilities and obvious technology spillover effects; the Sichuan-Chongqing region relies on manufacturing advantages and airspace advantages to promote resource sharing and cooperation. The "2024 China Low-Altitude Logistics Development Report" shows that the market size of low-altitude logistics is showing a high-speed growth trend, which is expected to reach 120 billion to 150 billion yuan this year, and is expected to climb to 450 billion to 605 billion yuan by 2035.
Leverage Advantages
Meet the short-distance transportation needs of high-time-sensitive, small-batch, and high-value-added goods.
Only 10 minutes for 7 kilometers, the first aerial logistics line in Jinan (济南), Shandong, is more than 60% more efficient than land transportation; the transfer time is compressed from 1 hour to 8 minutes, and the drone transportation of Wushan crisp plums (巫山脆李) makes "order today, see plums tomorrow" a reality...
"The development of e-commerce and instant logistics has stimulated consumers' needs for fast delivery and personalized logistics services, and promoted the release of market demand for low-altitude logistics." Yan Yan (闫琰), head of public affairs at Meituan Drones, introduced that drone delivery can effectively reduce the risk of road traffic changes to delivery timeliness. For goods with high requirements for delivery timeliness, such as pan-fried buns and hot coffee, drones are more than twice as efficient as traditional road delivery.
Compared with traditional logistics models, drones also have cost advantages.
Taking the Zhongtong Haiyan series (中通海燕系列) electric six-rotor drone as an example, its total cost of the entire life cycle is 85,800 yuan, which can complete the transportation of 75,000 packages, and the single transportation cost is 1.14 yuan. According to the industry average single cost of 1.85 yuan, it is about 40% lower than the traditional logistics model.
Wang Qi (王琪), head of Zhongtong Drone Project (中通无人机项目), said that with the launch of large-scale operations and exclusive product services, logistics costs are expected to be further reduced.
SF Fengyi drones (顺丰丰翼无人机) cover a variety of terrains, and JD Logistics (京东物流) has launched multi-rotor intelligent logistics drones... The continuous updating of technology and products improves the reliability and efficiency of low-altitude logistics, and also allows people to see the broad prospects for industrial development.
Chen Xiaohui (陈孝辉), government affairs director of Fengyi Drone, believes that low-altitude logistics leverages the efficient and flexible characteristics of drones, which can not only solve the problem of "cannot be delivered, cannot be delivered well" in the traditional transportation model, but also help companies shift from price competition to value competition.
"By coordinating drones and ground vehicles to build a smart delivery network covering urban and rural areas, it will better promote the solution of the 'last mile' delivery problem." The relevant person in charge of the State Post Bureau (国家邮政局) said. Not long ago, the "Implementation Opinions on 'Artificial Intelligence + Transportation'" clearly proposed to encourage the development and application of new aircraft industries and promote the development of low-altitude civil aviation, which provides new opportunities for the development of low-altitude logistics.
Challenges Remain
Infrastructure construction and low-altitude safety governance need to be further improved.
Industry insiders believe that China's low-altitude logistics is still in its initial stage, and there are still urgent problems to be solved for low-altitude "high" flying.
Infrastructure is a prerequisite guarantee for the development of low-altitude logistics. "The large-scale commercial use of drone delivery is inseparable from the efficient coordination and smooth operation of multiple links such as order scheduling, cargo loading and unloading, route planning, and weather monitoring." Wang Qi said that logistics companies are both delivery service providers and infrastructure builders, with large upfront investment and facing the problem of repeated construction.
Some companies promote technology iteration and cost reduction through scenario expansion, and gradually explore a more mature business model. "We dilute infrastructure investment in the rapid increase of drone delivery business, and cross-city business basically achieves break-even." Chen Xiaohui said that the low-altitude logistics network is being replicated and promoted from the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to the Yangtze River Delta region, and hopes that relevant departments will promote the interconnection of low-altitude data and supervise radio interference.
Enterprises continue to call for more open airspace resources. "The speed of urban airspace opening and the degree of refined management affect the willingness of enterprises to invest in the industry." Yan Yan said that the policy pilot broke the airspace restrictions, and the company successively opened a number of new routes to achieve aerial delivery between dense urban buildings. It is recommended that all localities orderly promote airspace management and flight activity approval, establish an intelligent air traffic management system, and promote the full release of low-altitude resources.
However, the opening of airspace resources depends on a higher level of security. "Safety is the lifeline of low-altitude logistics development." Dong Zhiyi believes that a prudent and inclusive low-altitude safety governance system should be accelerated, and innovation should be carried out on the basis of ensuring safety and stability. Many companies are constantly improving product design in practice to cope with complex environments with safety redundancy and support application scenario expansion. In terms of hardware, multi-rotor design is used to ensure normal flight, and parachutes are equipped to deal with emergencies; in terms of software, drones are implanted with automatic parachute opening programs and equipped with the function of autonomously finding alternate landing points along the route...
"The low-altitude economy is an industry that needs patient cultivation, and the industry is a long-distance race before it takes off." Dong Zhiyi said that companies need to look to the long term, focus on technological innovation, product iteration, and scenario expansion to make low-altitude consumption more popular; at the same time, relevant departments also need to plan scientifically and rationally, follow market laws, and allow the industry to develop sustainably in a safe and orderly manner.
Return to TopMany regions have experienced a sharp drop in temperature recently, leading to a surge in demand for heating and electricity, and ushering in a peak season for coal transportation. China Railway Zhengzhou Bureau Group Co., Ltd. (中国铁路郑州局集团有限公司) has opened a "green channel" for coal transportation, improving transportation efficiency through measures such as prioritizing marshalling and increasing the frequency of train services.
The picture shows a freight train loaded with coal passing the Yellow River Bridge (黄河大桥) on the Jiaozuo-Liuzhou Railway (焦柳铁路) in Henan (河南) on November 18.
Photo by Qi Yingchen (祁映辰) (Image China (影像中国))
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing (北京) on November 18th (Reporter Qu Zhehan (曲哲涵)). The Ministry of Finance (财政部) announced on the 17th that in October, the monthly growth rate of national general public budget revenue continued to increase, and the cumulative growth rate steadily rebounded. National general public budget expenditure maintained growth, and expenditure in key areas was guaranteed.
In October, national general public budget revenue was 2.26 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.2% year-on-year. Among them, central and local revenue increased by 2.3% and 4% respectively. From January to October, national general public budget revenue was 18.65 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.8%, and the growth rate was 0.3 percentage points higher than that from January to September.
Tax revenue continued to grow rapidly. In October, national tax revenue was 2.07 trillion yuan, an increase of 8.6%, basically the same as the 8.7% in the previous month. From January to October, national tax revenue was 15.34 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.7%, and the growth rate was 1 percentage point higher than that from January to September. Among them, domestic value-added tax, domestic consumption tax, corporate income tax, and individual income tax increased by 4%, 2.4%, 1.9%, and 11.5% respectively, and the growth rates were 0.4, 0.2, 1.1, and 1.8 percentage points higher than those from January to September. Tax revenue from equipment manufacturing, modern service industries, and other industries performed well. Tax revenue from the computer communication equipment manufacturing industry increased by 12.7%, tax revenue from the electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry increased by 7.9%, and tax revenue from the scientific research and technical service industry increased by 14.8%.
Fiscal departments at all levels implemented a more proactive fiscal policy, increased expenditure intensity, optimized expenditure structure, and continued to strengthen expenditure guarantees for key areas. From January to October, national general public budget expenditure was 22.58 trillion yuan, an increase of 2% year-on-year, of which social security and employment expenditure increased by 9.3%, education expenditure increased by 4.7%, health expenditure increased by 2.4%, science and technology expenditure increased by 5.7%, and energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure increased by 7%.
At the same time, from January to October, national government fund budget revenue was 3.45 trillion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 2.8%; national government fund budget expenditure was 8.09 trillion yuan, an increase of 15.4%.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) November 18th dispatch (Reporter Deng Jianyang (邓剑洋)) - This reporter learned from the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部): China's water-saving industry is flourishing. A number of leading enterprises have emerged in the fields of agriculture, industry, urban life, and unconventional water resources. Many new water-saving industrial parks have been built in various regions, and the market size of related industries is estimated to exceed 760 billion yuan.
Agricultural water use accounts for about 60% of the total national economic water use, making it the largest water user and also the area with the greatest water-saving potential. By the end of 2024, the national water-saving irrigation area reached 638 million mu, an increase of about 100 million mu compared to 10 years ago, forming the regional characteristics of water-saving and grain increase in the Northeast, water-saving and pressure mining in North China, water-saving and efficiency increase in the Northwest, and water-saving and emission reduction in the South. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water increased from 0.565 to 0.580, effectively ensuring the steady increase of China's irrigation area and grain yield.
Domestic water use accounts for about 16% of the total social water use. From 2012 to 2024, domestic water consumption increased from 74 billion cubic meters to 92.7 billion cubic meters. The Ministry of Water Resources (水利部), together with relevant departments, promoted the development of the water-saving industry in the urban living sector, increased investment in the construction of water-saving infrastructure, and developed and promoted water-saving appliances for living. By the end of 2024, China's reclaimed water utilization reached 21.2 billion cubic meters. It is estimated that by 2030, China's reclaimed water utilization will exceed 25 billion cubic meters, further enhancing the guarantee capacity of urban and rural water demand. The Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) vigorously carries out water efficiency labeling and water-saving certification work. Water efficiency labels have covered six major categories of living products, and 199 categories and more than 3,000 models of water-using products have been certified for water-saving.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 18th. Recently, the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and the Office of the Central Commission for Comprehensive Law-Based Governance (中央全面依法治国委员会办公室) issued a notice on conscientiously organizing the study of the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law (2025 Edition)". The full text is as follows:
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has positioned, planned, and rigorously implemented the rule of law from the overall and strategic height of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, adhering to the combination of Marxist rule of law theory with the specific reality of China's rule of law construction and with China's outstanding traditional legal culture, and has creatively put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies on comprehensively advancing the rule of law, forming Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law. The Central Conference on Comprehensive Law-Based Governance held in November 2020 established Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law as the guiding position in the work of comprehensively advancing the rule of law, which is a major event of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance in the process of socialist rule of law construction in China. Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law is the latest achievement in the Sinicization and modernization of Marxist rule of law theory, a major innovative development of the theory of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and the fundamental guideline and action guide for comprehensively advancing the rule of law in the new era.
According to the unified deployment of the Party Central Committee (党中央), in order to continuously deepen the study and implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) and the Office of the Central Commission for Law-Based Governance (中央依法治国办) organized the revision of the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law" published in 2021 and compiled the "Study Outline of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law (2025 Edition)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Outline (2025 Edition)"). The "Outline (2025 Edition)" comprehensively reflects the original contributions of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in the field of the rule of law, systematically expounds the basic spirit, basic content, and basic requirements of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, fully reflects the latest developments of this thought, and provides authoritative supplementary reading materials for the vast number of cadres and the masses to deeply study and implement Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law.
It is necessary to unremittingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to arm our minds, guide practice, and promote work. It is necessary to organize Party members to conscientiously study and understand the great significance, core essence, spiritual substance, rich connotation, and practical requirements of Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, adhere to reading the original works, studying the original text, and understanding the principles, strive to master the Marxist standpoints, viewpoints, and methods that run through it, continuously deepen understanding, and comprehensively understand and grasp it. It is necessary to promote the "Outline (2025 Edition)" as an important content for the study of the theoretical learning center group of the Party Committee (Party Group), cadre training, and Party member learning. Legal work departments at all levels should organize the study of Party members and cadres in their respective systems in light of their actual work. It is necessary to adhere to comprehensive and systematic learning, timely follow-up learning, in-depth thinking learning, and learning in connection with reality, and more consciously use Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law to guide the analysis and resolution of practical problems, and continuously improve the ability to use the thinking and methods of the rule of law to deepen reform, promote development, resolve contradictions, maintain stability, and respond to risks, and effectively transform the effectiveness of learning into a vivid practice of promoting the comprehensive rule of law and building a rule of law China.
Through extensive study, publicity, and interpretation, it is necessary to guide the vast number of cadres and the masses to further study, understand, and implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, deeply study and implement Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "**两个确立**" (liǎng gè què lì - "Two Establishments," establishing Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and establishing the guiding role of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era), enhance the "**四个意识**" (sì gè yì shí - "Four Consciousnesses," political integrity, thinking in terms of the big picture, following the leadership core, and staying aligned with the central Party leadership), strengthen the "**四个自信**" (sì gè zì xìn - "Four Confidences," confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics), and achieve the "**两个维护**" (liǎng gè wéi hù - "Two Upholds," upholding General Secretary Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the Party as a whole, and upholding the Party Central Committee's authority and centralized, unified leadership), maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core in thought, politics, and action, **不忘初心、牢记使命** (bù wàng chū xīn, láo jì shǐ mìng - "never forget why you started, and keep your mission firmly in mind," remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind), strive forward, overcome difficulties, unswervingly follow the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, and constantly create a new situation in comprehensively advancing the rule of law in the new era and new journey, and unite and strive to comprehensively build a modern socialist country on the track of the rule of law.
Return to TopBy: 本报评论员
The central conference on work related to comprehensively advancing the rule of law was held in Beijing (北京) from November 17th to 18th. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made important instructions, fully affirming the significant achievements in the construction of the rule of law in China since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, making important deployments for comprehensively advancing the rule of law on the new journey, emphasizing "adhering to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and governing the country according to the law," and requiring "focusing on building a more complete socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics and building a socialist rule of law country with a higher level," "comprehensively promoting scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding, and comprehensively promoting the rule of law in all aspects of the country's work."
Ideology illuminates the journey, guiding the road to become wider and wider. In November 2020, the first central conference on work related to comprehensively advancing the rule of law in the history of the Party was held, clarifying the guiding position of Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law in the work of comprehensively advancing the rule of law, which has milestone significance in the process of building the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. Over the past five years, from continuously improving the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution as the core in keeping with the times, to formulating and implementing the construction plan for the rule of law in China, the implementation outline for the construction of a government under the rule of law, and the implementation outline for the construction of a society under the rule of law, to deeply promoting the construction of a legal business environment, carrying out special inspections of law enforcement and justice in a solid manner, and punishing illegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law... Under the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law, comprehensively advancing the rule of law has achieved historic achievements, providing a strong guarantee for writing a new chapter of "two major miracles."
Recently, the first volume of "Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Selected Works on the Rule of Law" was published and distributed, providing authoritative teaching materials for the whole Party and people of all ethnic groups across the country to deeply study and implement Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, especially Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law. Closely linking the breakthrough progress made in the construction of the rule of law in China in recent years, and linking the transformative practices that have occurred around us, we can better feel the power of truth and the great power of practice contained in this important thought, and more firmly determine the determination and confidence to follow the path of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. In the new era and on the new journey, we must adhere to Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law as a guide, firmly grasp the profound revolution of national governance in comprehensively advancing the rule of law, more consciously comprehensively build a modern socialist country on the track of the rule of law, and jointly create a new situation in the construction of the rule of law in China.
"Pay more attention to the coordination of the rule of law with reform, development, and stability, and pay more attention to safeguarding and promoting social fairness and justice," General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out the focus of comprehensively advancing the rule of law with "two mores." Here, the focus is on how to promote the coordination of the rule of law and development to deepen understanding.
On May 30 this year, not long after the implementation of the Law on Promoting the Private Economy, the Administrative Tribunal of the Supreme People's Court applied the law for the first time and ruled in a case that the government department should pay more than 8 million yuan in compensation to the enterprise. The rule of law consolidates the foundation, stabilizes expectations, and benefits the long term. It is precisely by using the power of the rule of law to "support" private enterprises that the majority of enterprises truly feel that "the rule of law is the best business environment," and they can take a reassurance pill and develop with peace of mind.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "To implement the new development concept and realize the transformation of the economy from high-speed growth to high-quality development, we must adhere to the rule of law as the guide." To protect the green waters and green mountains, the strict implementation of a series of laws and regulations such as the Yangtze River Protection Law has brought back the "smiling angel" finless porpoise, which was once a "rare guest." To build an open gateway, the formulation and promulgation of the Hainan Free Trade Port Law and other laws have escorted the formation and rise of the Hainan (海南) Free Trade Port and the upcoming launch of full-island customs closure operations. Promoting high-quality development with a high level of the rule of law, our pace forward is more steady and our momentum is stronger.
The "Suggestions" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party included "the construction of a socialist rule of law country reaching a higher level" in the main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and proposed building a rule of law economy and a credit economy, and creating a first-class market-oriented, rule-of-law, and internationalized business environment. Looking to the future, to firmly grasp the requirement of paying more attention to the coordination of the rule of law and development, we must be good at using the thinking and methods of the rule of law to promote economic and social development and respond to risks and challenges, accelerate the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system, and continuously improve stable, open, and standardized systems and rules, so as to provide a solid foundation, lasting impetus, and broad space for high-quality economic and social development.
What we are doing is a pioneering undertaking unprecedented in history, and we are carrying out very grand and unique practical innovations in human history. The key is to have confidence, determination, and action. Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core, we will fully implement Xi Jinping (习近平)'s thought on the rule of law, forge ahead along the path of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, build a solid foundation for the rule of law, and gather the strength of the rule of law, so that Chinese-style modernization will surely go far and steadily.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Guiyang (贵阳) on November 18th: From November 16th to 18th, Li Ganjie (李干杰), a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and head of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, emphasized during his research in Guizhou (贵州) that it is necessary to take Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as guidance, thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, focus on improving the quality and effectiveness of the United Front's targeted assistance work, adhere to the direction of Sinicization of religion in China, strengthen the rule of law in the governance of religious affairs, gather strength for the realization of the "15th Five-Year Plan," and take practical actions to firmly uphold the "Two Establishments" and resolutely achieve the "Two Safeguards."
Li Ganjie (李干杰) visited Bijie City (毕节市), Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (黔南布依族苗族自治州), and Guiyang City (贵阳市), went into private enterprises to understand the United Front's support for the development of characteristic industries; went deep into streets and communities to investigate the United Front's assistance projects such as "Tongxin Home" (同心家园), visited relocated residents who had been lifted out of poverty, and learned about the production and living conditions of the masses; inspected school construction to understand the United Front's donation to schools and educational assistance. Li Ganjie (李干杰) stated that it is necessary to combine the deployment arrangements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal, adhere to the combination of "what the local area needs" and "what the United Front can do," give full play to the United Front's advantages of gathering talents and intensive intelligence, deeply plan new ideas and measures for the targeted assistance and regional development to resonate at the same frequency, adhere to and improve the "region + field" group-style assistance, increase industrial assistance, educational assistance, medical assistance, intellectual assistance, etc., combine the characteristic advantages of the assisted areas such as ethnic culture and natural scenery, continue to create demonstration projects of livable and workable beautiful villages, strengthen the evaluation of assistance effects, and further enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of assistance work to help the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside. In particular, it is necessary to run the awareness of the Chinese national community throughout the assistance work, give full play to the positive role of assistance projects in gathering people's hearts, enhancing consensus, and strengthening unity, promote extensive exchanges, interactions, and integration among people of all ethnic groups, and promote the construction of the Chinese national community in a more tangible, perceptible, and effective manner.
Li Ganjie (李干杰) also visited religious activity sites to investigate the situation of strengthening the governance of religious affairs in accordance with the law. Li Ganjie (李干杰) stated that it is necessary to thoroughly implement the Party Central Committee's major decisions and deployments on religious work, systematically promote the Sinicization of religion in China, take the core socialist values as the guide, and actively guide religion to integrate with the excellent traditional Chinese culture and adapt to the socialist society. It is necessary to adhere to addressing both the symptoms and root causes, and govern religious affairs in accordance with the law, focus on solving key and difficult problems in the religious field, further improve religious work regulations and policies, strengthen the standardized management of religious activity sites and religious personnel, carry out in-depth legal publicity and education, support the religious community to comprehensively and strictly govern religion, and effectively improve the level of legalization of religious work.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Guangzhou on November 18th (Reporters Cao Shulin (曹树林) and Jiang Runnan (江润楠)) The 20th China Economic Forum was held on November 18th in the Nansha Economic and Technological Development Zone (南沙经济技术开发区), Guangzhou (广州市), Guangdong Province (广东省). Peng Qinghua (彭清华), Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会), attended the forum and delivered a speech.
The participating guests believe that during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to firmly grasp the "theme" and "primary task" of promoting high-quality development, adhere to high-level scientific and technological self-reliance as the core driver, build a new development pattern as a strategic fulcrum, take the people's happiness and well-being as the ultimate goal, and take the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development as an important focus, further comprehensively deepen reform and opening up, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization.
The China Economic Forum, hosted by the China Economic Weekly (《中国经济周刊》) magazine, has been successfully held for 20 sessions since 2001. The theme of this forum is "Chinese-style Modernization and the '15th Five-Year Plan' China Economic Outlook," with a main forum and nine parallel forums, including "New Pattern of Global Economy and Trade: Opportunities and Challenges for Going Global" and "Rule Connection Mechanism Docking: Promoting Market Integration in the Greater Bay Area (大湾区)." Responsible comrades from relevant ministries and commissions of the Central and State organs (中央和国家机关), representatives from local government departments in charge, business leaders, experts and scholars, and others participated in the forum.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王云娜
Improve the primary distribution mechanism where various factors are evaluated by the market, contributions determine compensation, and rewards are based on contributions, promoting more pay for more work, more pay for higher skills, and more pay for innovation.
——Excerpt from the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal
In the training base of Guangzhou Light Industry Technicians College (广东省广州市轻工技师学院) in Guangzhou (广州), Guangdong Province (广东省), CNC machine tools cut metal parts, and industrial robots swing their arms to transport materials. "The systems and data of these devices are all connected to the industrial internet platform," said Zheng Fei (郑飞), 39.
At Root Interconnection Co., Ltd. (树根互联股份有限公司), Zheng Fei (郑飞) is a senior product manager. He has independently developed multiple industrial digital training scenarios such as the industrial data acquisition training system and is a well-known business expert in the company.
In October last year, recommended by Haizhu District (海珠区), Guangzhou (广州), where the company is located, Zheng Fei (郑飞) participated in the industrial vision system operator S (artificial intelligence vision technology application direction) competition of the 3rd National Artificial Intelligence Application Technology Skills Competition Guangdong (广东) Selection Competition.
"We recommend skilled talents from characteristic and advantageous industries in the district to participate in vocational skills competitions at all levels, and at the same time actively implement incentive systems," said Zhou Shaocong (周绍聪), director of the Haizhu District Employment Training Center (海珠区就业培训中心).
In the competition, Zheng Fei (郑飞) won an excellence award. Soon, the human resources department sent him a technician-level certificate. After receiving the "Technician Certificate," Zheng Fei (郑飞) also had the idea of evaluating professional titles: "Vocational skills pay more attention to practical operation and job adaptation capabilities, while professional technology emphasizes theoretical knowledge and qualification certification. If I get both 'certificates,' I can more comprehensively prove my level."
Zheng Fei (郑飞) searched the Internet for the specific requirements for professional title evaluation and saw good news on the website of the Department of Human Resources and Social Security of Guangdong Province (广东省人力资源和社会保障厅)—as early as April 2022, Guangdong Province (广东省) had implemented a plan to promote the effective connection between the professional title system and the vocational qualification and vocational skill level system, support highly skilled talents to participate in professional title evaluation, further improve the evaluation mechanism, and broaden the career development space for highly skilled talents.
Combining his own work reality, Zheng Fei (郑飞) chose "Artificial Intelligence Engineering" as the field of participation. In December last year, the professional title evaluation was launched, and he handed over the participation materials to the company, which submitted them to the human resources department for evaluation.
"The professional title evaluation highlights professional ability and work performance, which is very pragmatic," said Zheng Fei (郑飞). The evaluation does not require scores in professional title English or computer application ability, nor does it use papers as a restrictive condition. The specific projects he has completed and the industry standards he has participated in formulating can all be used as bonus points for participation.
As a highly skilled talent who has been engaged in artificial intelligence professional and technical work for 8 years, Zheng Fei's (郑飞) education and working years meet the requirements for taking the "green channel," and he can skip the initial professional title stage and directly apply for an intermediate professional title certificate in artificial intelligence.
"I used to think that professional titles and vocational skill levels were evaluated separately," said Zheng Fei (郑飞). "I didn't expect that the current evaluation system would consider them holistically. The path is wider and easier to walk!"
In September this year, Zheng Fei's (郑飞) career ushered in another breakthrough: as an employee of the enterprise, he represented Guangdong Province (广东省) in the industrial internet engineering technology competition of the 3rd National Vocational Skills Competition. On the field, he and his partner excellently completed the digital transformation of the automated production line for drug filling, capping, bottle testing, packaging, and warehousing, winning a bronze medal in one fell swoop.
Winning a national award will directly benefit the evaluation of professional titles. Fan Jing (范静), director of the Haizhu District Talent Service Management Center (海珠区人才服务管理中心), introduced that according to relevant regulations, those who have completed professional projects as the main person in charge and have won national, provincial (ministerial), and other relevant awards can apply for senior professional titles exceptionally.
Upon hearing this news, Zheng Fei (郑飞) was overjoyed. Looking back on these years, he has personally experienced what it means to have "more pay for more work, more pay for higher skills, and more pay for innovation": In 2021, he led the transformation of a training base for a vocational college, which not only received praise from customers but also was awarded honors and bonuses by the company; in recent years, he has deeply cultivated the field of industrial internet, designed a systematic solution integrating software and hardware, and helped the company's performance grow, so he was promoted to a higher level last year, and his income also increased accordingly.
"Those with high skills receive generous treatment, and my life has more prospects!" Zheng Fei (郑飞) said with emotion.
Return to TopBy: 余 璇
Previously, the evaluation of professional titles and vocational skill levels was divided into parallel tracks, with a clear distinction between "white-collar" and "blue-collar" workers. Now, the "single-plank bridge" has become an "overpass." The connection between the professional title system and the vocational qualification and vocational skill level systems is smoother, helping skilled personnel to develop and "rise to higher levels."
What has been eliminated is not only the barrier of paths, but also the unrealistic evaluation constraints. There are no rigid requirements for professional title English, and papers are not used as a "hard threshold" for participation in the evaluation; the specific projects completed and the innovative achievements made in the work can all be used as the basis for participation in the evaluation; those who meet the conditions can also apply for skipping levels... The "overpass" leads directly to the "fast lane" of development, allowing talents to give full play to their strengths.
Continuously improving the talent evaluation system and optimizing the talent growth ecology will enable skilled personnel to work with more confidence and innovate with more motivation, ultimately converging into a powerful force for serving the country with skills. 泾渭分明 (jīng wèi fēn míng - "Jing and Wei rivers distinct," clear-cut; well-defined) and 独木桥 (dú mù qiáo - "single-plank bridge," a difficult path with limited options).
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Nanning, November 18th. The 3rd National Labor Cooperation and Labor Brand Development Conference was held in Nanning (南宁), Guangxi (广西) on November 18th. State Councilor Chen Yiqin (谌贻琴) attended the meeting and delivered a speech.
Chen Yiqin (谌贻琴) pointed out that in recent years, all regions and relevant departments have thoroughly implemented the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions and approvals, earnestly implemented the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, woven a close cooperation network with brand building, and expanded the brand power with cooperation expansion, embarking on a path of mutual promotion and integrated development of labor cooperation and labor brands, which has played an important role in promoting employment and income increase for migrant workers.
Chen Yiqin (谌贻琴) emphasized that during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to earnestly implement the deployment of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the Party Central Committee, and promote labor cooperation and labor brands from "quantitative accumulation" to "qualitative leap", and from "regional development" to "national coordination". It is necessary to focus on the goals and requirements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, make good use of the labor cooperation mechanism, give play to the role of labor brands, and better stabilize employment and promote income increase through strengthening policy support, skill improvement, and job transition services. It is necessary to focus on the strategic task of building a modern industrial system, closely integrate labor cooperation with industrial layout, provide high-quality and efficient cross-regional human resource matching for industrial development, deeply integrate labor brands with industrial development, and build a large army of labor brands with technology-rich, skilled, standardized, and high-quality personnel. It is necessary to focus on the major issue of normalized assistance after the transition period of poverty alleviation, maintain the momentum and not reduce the intensity, take the prevention of returning to poverty as the focus, optimize the mode of labor cooperation, 千方百计 (qiān fāng bǎi jì - "thousand ways hundred plans," by every possible means) stabilize the scale of employment, increase employment income, and solidly promote common prosperity.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张 驰
The Nanpan River meanders and surges, arriving at Sanjiangkou, the intersection of Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guizhou provinces. The Duoyi River, Huangni River, and Nanpan River converge here into Wanfeng Lake. This is Zhongzhai Village (中寨村) in Lubuge Buyi and Miao Township (鲁布革布依族苗族乡), Luoping County (罗平县), Yunnan Province (云南省). A light boat carrying the morning sun sails into a picturesque landscape of green hills and clear waters. This Buyi ethnic village (布依族村寨) of only a few dozen households has always quietly nestled on the riverbank over the long years.
Walking into Zhongzhai Village (中寨村), the large trees in the center of the village are lush and green, and the small buildings decorated with ethnic patterns are scattered in a well-organized manner, with lush flowers and trees in front of and behind the houses. Zhongzhai Village (中寨村) preserves relatively complete Buyi ethnic customs. In 2019, it was named the third batch of Chinese Ethnic Minority Characteristic Villages.
Surrounded by water on three sides, Zhongzhai Village (中寨村) once lived by fishing. In recent years, Zhongzhai Village (中寨村) has developed distinctive planting, and at the same time, with the natural scenery of Wanfeng Lake (万峰湖) as the background and the Buyi culture (布依族文化) as the brush and ink, it has drawn a beautiful picture of comprehensive rural revitalization. The villagers removed their fishing cages and turned to planting camellia oleifera fruit, Wogan oranges, and sugar tangerines and other special agricultural products, developing leisure fishing, farm stays and other tourism industries. Now, the villagers are making a living from "tourism" at their doorsteps, and their lives are getting better and better 红红火火 (hóng hóng huǒ huǒ - "red and prosperous," thriving; flourishing).
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on November 18th (Reporter Li Xinping (李心萍), Zhang Wenhao (张文豪)) On November 18th, China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. (国铁集团) released the fourth batch of China-Europe Railway Express full timetable. So far, the number of China-Europe Railway Express routes implementing the full timetable has increased to 17, and the number of trains operated has increased to more than 1,000 per year, covering 9 cities in China and 6 cities in Europe.
At 4:30 a.m. on the same day, the X8003 China-Europe Railway Express, which implements the full timetable, departed from Zhengzhou Putian Station (郑州圃田站) in China and headed for Hamburg Billwerder Station (汉堡比尔韦德站) in Germany, marking the official implementation of the fourth batch of China-Europe Railway Express full timetable.
According to reports, in 2014, all China-Europe Railway Express trains achieved fixed departure and arrival times in the Chinese section. In 2021, China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. (国铁集团) gave full play to the leading role of the Joint Working Group on China-Europe Railway Express Transportation of the Seven National Railways, and actively promoted the signing of the "Measures for the Compilation and Cooperation of the China-Europe Railway Express Full Timetable" by countries along the route. In 2022, the China-Europe Railway Express implementing the full timetable for the Chinese section, the broad-gauge section, and the European section was successfully launched. Subsequently, the second and third batches of China-Europe Railway Express full timetables were released and implemented successively, and the China-Europe Railway Express implementing the full timetable gradually expanded, and the number of trains operated increased to more than 800 per year. The fourth batch of China-Europe Railway Express full timetable adds 7 new operating routes.
Compared with ordinary China-Europe Railway Express trains on the same operating route, the China-Europe Railway Express implementing the full timetable has fixed train numbers, operating routes, schedules, and operating times. The average running time for the entire journey is reduced by more than 30%, and the average value of goods per container increases by 41%, which is generally favored by the international logistics market.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Moscow on November 18th (Reporters Yu Hongjian (于宏建) and Chen Shangwen (陈尚文)) On the afternoon of November 18th, local time, State Council Premier Li Qiang (李强) met with Russian President Vladimir Putin (普京) at the Kremlin in Moscow (莫斯科克里姆林宫).
Li Qiang (李强) first conveyed the cordial greetings and best wishes of President Xi Jinping (习近平) to President Putin (普京). Li Qiang (李强) said that under the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era maintains a high level of operation. Since the beginning of this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Putin (普京) have met twice, pointing the direction for the further development of China-Russia relations. In the face of the turbulent international situation, China is willing to work with Russia to uphold the original aspiration of lasting friendship, strengthen the alignment of development strategies, deepen cooperation in various fields, achieve more practical results, and better serve the development and revitalization of the two countries.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that China's determination and position to develop mutually beneficial cooperation with Russia is consistent. China is willing to further enhance the resilience of cooperation with Russia, and consolidate and maintain the sound development momentum of cooperation between the two countries. The two sides should jointly organize the new China-Russia National Theme Year, make good use of visa-free and other people-benefiting policies of “双向奔赴” (shuāng xiàng bēn fù - "two-way rush," describes mutual attraction and effort), promote greater mutual understanding and affinity between the two peoples, and consolidate the foundation of friendly relations between the two countries. China is willing to continue to work closely with Russia to implement the results of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (上海合作组织) Tianjin (天津) Summit, promote the "Shanghai Spirit," deepen unity and cooperation, create a model for practicing the Global Governance Initiative, promote the high-quality development of the SCO, and make greater contributions to regional and world peace and development.
Putin (普京) asked Li Qiang (李强) to convey his cordial greetings and best wishes to President Xi Jinping (习近平), congratulated the successful convening of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, and expressed his firm belief that China will successfully complete the development goals set in the "15th Five-Year Plan" under the strong leadership of President Xi Jinping (习近平), and achieve more significant economic and social development achievements. The Russia-China comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era is at its highest historical level. Russia is willing to maintain close high-level exchanges with China, expand cooperation in areas such as economy and trade, energy, agriculture, and infrastructure construction, and expand people-to-people exchanges. He congratulated China on the successful holding of the SCO Tianjin (天津) Summit, and Russia is willing to further strengthen communication and coordination with China within the SCO, BRICS (金砖国家) and other multilateral frameworks, maintain regional and world peace and stability, and promote common development.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 姚雪青
At 8:40 AM, Yun Xiaofang (恽小方), a villager from Dongting Village (东亭村), Menghe Town (孟河镇), Xinbei District (新北区), Changzhou City (常州市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), walked to the No. 235 bus stop at the entrance of the village, preparing to go to Menghe Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (孟河中医医院) to get medicine. There was a card reader on one side of the platform. He took out his senior citizen card and swiped it with a "beep," and a voice prompt said, "You can reserve a bus." At this time, the screen listed subsequent bus schedules. He clicked on the 8:50 AM departure and "1 person," and immediately a voice prompt said, "Reservation successful."
The vehicle arrived at the station. It was a blue, five-seater pure electric car with the "Changzhou Bus (常州公交)" logo printed on the body and the No. 235 route and its origin and destination displayed on the roof light—this is the responsive "cloud bus" currently operating in Changzhou.
"The 'cloud bus' has gone through three versions in its development process," said Chen Ling (陈凌), General Manager of Changzhou Public Transport Group (常州公交集团). Aiming at the situation of few people at many stops on some town and village bus routes, at the end of September last year, Changzhou selected Route 223 in Zouqu Town (邹区镇) for a pilot project, launching the "cloud bus" version 1.0, replacing the traditional operation mode with the "reservation-response" mode: passengers can reserve buses through three methods: card swiping, telephone, and mini-programs. For unreserved branch lines, vehicles no longer run empty, in order to improve passenger efficiency and reduce operating costs.
In June of this year, Changzhou Public Transport Group replaced buses that could carry about 30 passengers with five-seater taxis to undertake responsive bus services, upgrading to "cloud bus" version 2.0. Prior to this, relevant departments in Changzhou, through mechanism innovation, changed the vehicle usage nature of taxis from "taxi passenger transport" to "public transport passenger transport" for the first time in Jiangsu.
The internal space of the five-seater car is limited, but it is equipped with the configurations required for a bus—a card reader and a coin box. On the screen in front of Yuan Yongfeng (袁永锋), the driver of the No. 235 bus, the navigation map is on the left and the order information is on the right. "Before departure, we depart on time when we receive reservation information; if there are no passenger reservations, we do not depart," Yuan Yongfeng said. After departure, the vehicle will travel according to the original route, and will not stop at stations without passengers.
After Yun Xiaofang got on the bus, he swiped his senior citizen card and enjoyed a two-yuan bus fare discount. "Very convenient!" The old man was very satisfied.
In August of this year, Changzhou Economic Development Zone (常州经开区) began piloting responsive "cloud bus" version 3.0. "There are fixed stops, but no fixed routes," Chen Ling said. After passengers make a reservation, the car will choose the shortest route according to the navigation to reach the destination point-to-point.
At the Qianyang Village Square (前杨村广场) station of the No. 267 bus, Zhang Wenxian (张文贤), a 66-year-old villager, logged into the "Changzhou Cloud Bus (常州云公交)" mini-program, clicked on the No. 267 bus, and automatically located the current station. He then selected Qishuyan Bus Center Station (戚墅堰公交中心站) from the station list as his destination, and clicked "Confirm Trip" to complete the reservation.
"I have to go from the village to Qishuyan Bus Center Station to transfer to the city every week. I used to take the 'village-to-village' bus, which ran once an hour, and sometimes I had to wait a long time. Now I can flexibly book a car and depart at any time within the operating hours, and I can also take shortcuts," Zhang Wenxian said. The price of a bus and the convenience of a taxi make this 2-kilometer journey easier.
Wang Shunwei (汪顺伟), Deputy General Manager of Changzhou Public Transport Group, introduced that on the intelligent dispatching platform of Changzhou Public Transport Group, nearly 2,000 buses in the city are all "on the cloud," realizing unified dispatching, real-time monitoring, precise passenger flow analysis, and integrated management.
Regarding the 15 five-seater cars in operation, Chen Ling also calculated several accounts: In terms of energy consumption, traditional pure electric buses consume 40 kilowatt-hours of electricity per 100 kilometers, while five-seater cars consume 20 kilowatt-hours, a decrease of half; in terms of procurement, the purchase price of a small car is about 100,000 yuan, which is 1/7 of that of a traditional pure electric bus; in terms of response time, the original "village-to-village" bus departed about once an hour, but now it can reach the station within 10 minutes.
"Compared with the past, the mileage has decreased by half, but the number of passengers has doubled," said Pan Jieqing (潘杰清), the driver of the No. 267 bus. This shows that this measure has been recognized by passengers and has achieved a win-win result.
"Version 2.0 is more suitable for village and town lines with simple road networks, and version 3.0 is suitable for areas with complex routes," Chen Ling told reporters. The next step will be to pilot version 4.0—stringing multiple lines in the area into a flexible and convenient transportation network, and continuously enriching the models to open up the "last mile" connecting urban and rural areas.
Return to TopThis report from our Moscow bureau, dated November 18th (Reporters Chen Shangwen (陈尚文) and Sui Xin (隋鑫)), states that on November 18th, local time, Premier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) attended the twenty-fourth meeting of the Council of Heads of Government (Prime Ministers) of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) member states in Moscow. Leaders and representatives of SCO member states, observer states, dialogue partner countries, guests of the host country, and heads of relevant international organizations attended the meeting, which was chaired by Russian Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin (米舒斯京).
Li Qiang (李强) stated that at the SCO Tianjin (天津) Summit held in September this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) solemnly proposed the Global Governance Initiative, providing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions for the international community to jointly address global changes and solve pressing problems. As an important force in the construction and reform of the global governance system, the SCO has the conditions and capabilities to take the joint implementation of the Global Governance Initiative as an opportunity to play a greater role in promoting the realization of "world governance."
First, leverage its unique advantages. The "Shanghai Spirit" is highly consistent with the core concept of the Global Governance Initiative. The SCO has rich practical experience and solid institutional guarantees. It should make full use of these advantages to demonstrate greater achievements in global governance and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Second, focus on the two key areas of development and security. Adhere to seeking development and promoting security through cooperation, strengthen the alignment of development strategies, jointly build the "Belt and Road" with high quality, maintain the stability and smooth flow of the global production and supply chain, and jointly build an open and inclusive world economy. China is willing to work with all member states to build the SCO Development Bank as soon as possible and proposes the establishment of the China-SCO Metabolic Disease Cooperation Center. Further strengthen the security cooperation mechanism, give full play to the important role of the "four security centers," and promote the international community to jointly adhere to multilateralism and promote universal security and lasting peace.
Third, stimulate the strong vitality of innovation and transformation. Strengthen cooperation in science, technology, and industrial innovation, and promote cooperation in traditional and renewable energy. China welcomes all parties to actively participate in the SCO Digital Economy Forum and the China-SCO Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Forum, and is willing to jointly build and utilize the China-SCO Digital Economy Cooperation Platform and the Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Center, and steadily advance the new "ten million kilowatt photovoltaic" and "ten million kilowatt wind power" projects in the next five years.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that at the SCO Tianjin (天津) Summit, the leaders jointly approved the "SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years (2026-2035)." China is willing to work with all member states to pay more attention to strategic coordination, effectively promote the implementation of cooperation, optimize and improve the operating mechanism, further enhance cohesion, action, and influence, and continuously improve and strengthen the SCO.
The participating parties stated that the SCO plays an increasingly important role in promoting regional integration and development and promoting the establishment of a just and reasonable multipolar world. All parties should work together to implement the results of the Tianjin (天津) Summit, improve the organizational mechanism, align with the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative, implement the 10-year development strategy, promote cooperation in areas such as connectivity, economy and trade, security, and cultural exchanges, practice the Global Governance Initiative, and safeguard multilateralism and the central role of the United Nations.
After the meeting, Li Qiang (李强) and the leaders of the member states signed a joint communiqué and cooperation documents in the fields of economy and trade, railways, social development, and security, and approved relevant resolutions on the construction of the SCO.
Return to TopPremier of the State Council Li Qiang met with Mongolian Prime Minister Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene (赞登沙特尔) in Moscow on the afternoon of November 18, according to a report in this newspaper from Moscow on November 18 (Reporters Chen Shangwen (陈尚文) and Xiao Xin (肖新新)).
Li Qiang (李强) stated that China and Mongolia are close neighbors connected by mountains and rivers, and maintaining a long-term, stable, friendly, and cooperative relationship is in the fundamental interests of both peoples. In September of this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh (呼日勒苏赫) held a meeting in Beijing (北京), further pointing out the direction and 擘画了蓝图 (bò huà le lán tú - "draw up a blueprint," to make a grand plan) for deepening the development of China-Mongolia relations. China always regards Mongolia as an important direction in its neighborhood diplomacy and is willing to work with Mongolia to take the building of a China-Mongolia community with a shared future as a guide, further strengthen strategic communication, earnestly respect and take care of each other's core interests and major concerns, expand pragmatic cooperation, and promote the continuous deepening and solidifying of the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two countries.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that China and Mongolia have strong economic complementarity. China is willing to strengthen the alignment of development strategies with Mongolia, further expand the scale of trade, strengthen cooperation in traditional fields such as mineral energy, infrastructure, and connectivity, explore and promote cooperation in emerging fields such as green energy and the digital economy, and create more convergence of interests and growth points for cooperation between the two sides. China supports close exchanges between domestic neighboring provinces and regions and Mongolia, deeply explores cooperation potential, and jointly promotes sub-regional international cooperation around the Altai Mountains. The two sides should promote exchanges between political parties, academia, media, youth, and other sectors, continuously deepen mutual understanding, and enhance mutual trust and friendship. China is willing to strengthen communication and coordination with Mongolia on regional affairs and jointly safeguard peace and stability in both countries and the region.
Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene (赞登沙特尔) congratulated the successful convening of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC and the deliberation and approval of the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal. China has always adhered to the concept of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness in its neighborhood diplomacy, and Mongolia-China relations have been friendly for a long time, which Mongolia highly appreciates. Maintaining friendly cooperation with China is the primary policy of Mongolia's foreign policy. Mongolia firmly adheres to the one-China policy, and Taiwan (台湾), Hong Kong (香港), Xinjiang (新疆), and Tibet (西藏) are inseparable parts of Chinese territory. Mongolia thanks China for its long-term and valuable assistance to Mongolia's economic and social development and is willing to work with China to implement the important consensus reached by the heads of state of the two countries, strengthen the alignment of development strategies, expand mutually beneficial cooperation in areas such as connectivity, infrastructure construction, mining, and green energy, and achieve common development. Mongolia is also willing to strengthen communication and cooperation with China within multilateral frameworks such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上合组织) to make greater contributions to promoting regional peace, development, and prosperity.
Return to TopBy: 周珊珊
Grasping institutional and mechanism innovation, clearing the bottlenecks and pain points restricting high-quality development, and allowing various factors of production to flow smoothly has become a task that must be completed well.
Offline, the "Centennial Guardianship" special exhibition attracts visitors from all directions, and national treasures such as *Five Oxen* and *Along the River During the Qingming Festival* show their true faces. Online, the digital Palace Museum "opens its doors wide," and the "digital avatars" of cultural heritage buildings receive praise. As for peripheral products, the Corner Tower Cafe and Palace Museum lipsticks give profound heritage a more creative and fresh expression. The centennial Palace Museum is now providing people with a delightful cultural experience through richer opening methods.
Behind the prosperous development of cultural and museum undertakings, the strong support of comprehensively deepening reform is indispensable. In the past, the management of the cultural and museum industry had many problems, such as insufficient interpretation and utilization of cultural relics, a relatively weak talent pool, and a low level of internal management. In 2021, nine departments jointly issued the *Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform and Development of Museums*, which clearly proposed a number of reform tasks, such as optimizing the collection system, improving protection capabilities, strengthening technological support, and improving the quality of exhibitions. As a hall carrying the essence of more than 5,000 years of Chinese civilization and cultural achievements, the Palace Museum (故宫博物院) has made breakthrough progress in the protection and utilization of cultural relics, the construction of digital culture, and the innovation of cultural communication in recent years, providing strong support for integrating outstanding Chinese traditional culture into modern life and enhancing the cultural confidence of the people.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's literary and artistic masterpieces were flourishing and active, cultural and tourism public services benefited urban and rural areas, cultural heritage work opened up a new situation, the cultural and tourism industry developed vigorously, and international exchanges and cooperation deepened and became more practical. An important driving force lies in the institutional and mechanism innovation that activates development momentum. In 2024, the cultural industry achieved operating income of 19.14 trillion yuan, an increase of 37.7% compared with 2020.
Looking ahead to the economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, a principle that must be followed is to adhere to comprehensively deepening reform, promote the better adaptation of the relations of production to the productive forces, the superstructure to the economic base, and national governance to social development, and continuously enhance development momentum and social vitality. Grasping institutional and mechanism innovation, clearing the bottlenecks and pain points restricting high-quality development, and allowing various factors of production to flow smoothly has become a task that must be completed well.
What should be established should be actively established. Enhance the systematicness, integrity, and coordination of reform, and use institutional innovation to safeguard innovation and creation in various fields. Taking the literary and artistic field as an example, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China improved the guidance and support mechanism for literary and artistic creation and production. The National Arts Fund (国家艺术基金) funded 3,568 projects for creation, performance, exhibition, and talent, and high-quality masterpieces such as *Only Green*, *Qu Qiubai* (瞿秋白), and *In the Distance* were both "popular and acclaimed." Looking forward to the next 5 years, from establishing and improving a coordinated mechanism for promoting the development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner, to building an open, shared, and secure national integrated data market, and then to implementing the free trade zone upgrading strategy, all require taking reform and innovation as the starting point and laying a solid foundation for institutional construction.
What should be broken should be resolutely broken on the basis of establishment. To achieve high-quality development, it is necessary to break through the shackles of ideological concepts, break through the solidified barriers of interests, and eliminate the drawbacks of various systems and mechanisms. "Categorized and layered review" simplifies the process, breaks down industry barriers, and helps micro-dramas become a sample of the deep integration of literature and art with the Internet. The science and technology system "breaks the four onlys" and "establishes new standards," and new scientific and technological achievements emerge one after another. The threshold for access to key areas has been relaxed, and the opening of related businesses in telecommunications, the Internet, education, culture, medical care, and other fields is being promoted in an orderly manner. Practice shows that adhering to problem-oriented, clearing blockages, filling gaps, and removing stubborn diseases to clear obstacles and dredge channels for the germination and growth of new quality productive forces can bring greater space and higher quality to economic and social development.
Renovating the old and innovating the new are mutually complementary, and development and reform are mutually reinforcing. Adhering to comprehensively deepening reform, focusing on promoting institutional and mechanism innovation, and continuously enhancing the momentum and vitality of economic and social development, Chinese-style modernization will surely overcome obstacles and move forward steadily and far.
Return to TopBy: 王 珂
The people's livelihood needs contain very considerable consumption potential. The process of solving the pain points of people's livelihood can often become the process of releasing consumption potential.
A small alley hides the happiness code at the doorstep. Guoding Branch Road (国定支路), a 550-meter-long small road in Wujiaochang Street (五角场街道), Yangpu District (杨浦区), Shanghai (上海), was once dirty and dilapidated. After "micro-transformation," new spaces such as "community living rooms," "community canteens," and "smart farmers' markets" were built one after another. Idle corners were utilized, allowing community residents to enjoy high-quality services and bringing commercial vitality to surrounding communities. This is a microcosm of the construction of a 15-minute convenient living circle.
Convenience "enters the circle," and life becomes more colorful. Since the pilot program was launched in 2021, as of the end of July this year, 210 pilot areas have built 6,255 convenient living circles, serving 129 million residents. Developing "one store, one early morning," supplementing "one vegetable, one repair," serving "the elderly and the young"... One 15-minute convenient living circle helps solve small livelihood matters and also stimulates social consumption potential.
With service, there must be better service. Not long ago, the Ministry of Commerce (商务部) and other 9 departments issued a notice proposing to expand and upgrade the construction of convenient living circles, turning them into all-age-friendly quality living circles that are livable, workable, enjoyable, purchasable, and suitable for the elderly and the young. This is a beneficial exploration to promote the connotative development of cities, and it also prompts us to think: how to closely integrate benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption?
The people's livelihood needs contain very considerable consumption potential. Difficulties in caring for "the elderly and the young," insufficient convenience in community vegetable shopping, and lack of good places for leisure and exercise... Solving these "head-scratching matters" is precisely the key to opening up a blue ocean of consumption. The process of solving the pain points of people's livelihood can often become the process of releasing consumption potential.
Guangming Community (光明社区), Chongqing Street (重庆街道), Chaoyang District (朝阳区), Changchun (长春), Jilin (吉林), built a "Happiness Restaurant" to solve the dining problems of the elderly, providing a variety of nutritious meals and door-to-door delivery services, which not only benefited residents but also cultivated a stable community catering consumption chain. Jinling Street (金陵街道), Weibin District (渭滨区), Baoji (宝鸡), Shaanxi (陕西), based on more than 100 residents' demands collected, focused on 6 types of problems and created 27 types of businesses such as elderly care and childcare, which not only filled service gaps but also drove the daily consumption of 45,000 people in 6 surrounding communities. Meeting the needs of residents with high-quality services and rich business formats, turning the people's "urgent needs and anxieties" into merchants' "service lists," the "warmth in the hearts" of the people's livelihood will become a new hot spot for consumption.
The improvement and upgrading of consumption scenarios will also become a progressive step in the quality of people's livelihood. The precise supply and continuous innovation of consumption formats will help accelerate the improvement of people's livelihood from "eating and dressing warmly" to "quality improvement."
What if the community's cultural life is not rich enough? In Cuqiao Street (簇桥街道), Wuhou District (武侯区), Chengdu (成都), Sichuan (四川), the "Next Door Future Community Life Center" provides a variety of cultural activities around the needs of young people. Young people can learn Tai Chi, photography, guitar and other courses here, and can also participate in regularly held song festivals, stand-up comedy performances, cultural theme exhibitions, etc. How to solve the problem of dual-income families bringing their babies? Daning Road Street (大宁路街道), Jing'an District (静安区), Shanghai (上海), launched an enterprise park embedded "Baby Room" to provide scientific and careful care for children, helping working parents solve their worries. Targeting needs and innovating business formats, so that more people can enjoy convenient and efficient services, the quality of life of residents will continue to "advance," and the people's sense of gain will continue to increase, and their sense of belonging will be stronger.
To achieve a two-way rush between people's livelihood and consumption, the key lies in precision, and the difficulty also lies in precision. Precision means not only that the supply of services should effectively meet the needs of the people, but also that we should adhere to adapting to local conditions. Each community has different resource endowments, and the needs of the people are also different. To build a good convenient living circle, we need to adhere to "asking the people for their needs and asking the people for their ideas," "implementing policies according to the city and implementing policies according to the circle," and "supplementing what is lacking." Clarifying the pain points of people's livelihood, clarifying the "family background" of a place, matching supply and demand well, and making the allocation of factor resources more efficient can better achieve a virtuous cycle of benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption.
The key small matters of the people should be the top priority of the governors. From the lively atmosphere of breakfast soy milk and fried dough sticks to the happiness of childcare and health care, from the booming business of individual merchants to the upgrading of urban consumption formats, by organically combining promoting consumption and benefiting people's livelihood, we will surely draw a beautiful picture of people's livelihood with warmth and consumption with enthusiasm, and write a warm footnote for "Chinese-style modernization, with people's livelihood as the top priority."
Return to TopBy: 卢 涛
【Keywords】"Fan Special Train"
【Event】"Life is a long road, thank you, Xiamen station!" In Xiamen (厦门), Fujian (福建), hundreds of fans who had just finished attending a concert boarded the G9812 "Fan Special Train" and embarked on their journey home. Departing at dawn, the carriages were decorated with posters of the singer, and a "support supplies storage area" was set up. During the journey, the broadcast was switched to "low volume mode," and wake-up calls were provided upon arrival. The "Fan Special Train" promptly transported passengers returning at night after the concert, adding a warm conclusion to their cross-city viewing experience.
【Commentary】
A favorite concert, a rare exhibition, an exciting sporting event... For some time now, various regions have been holding distinctive cultural and tourism activities, driving the popularity of "cross-city travel" to remain high. Data shows that last year, large-scale concerts covered 180 cities, and the average cross-city viewing rate for large-scale performances remained above 60%. Going is exciting, but returning is often physically and mentally exhausting: excessive concentration of passenger flow leads to traffic congestion, return tickets are difficult to grab, and tickets for suitable times are "sold out in seconds"... These problems have become unavoidable hidden pains of "cross-city travel."
Demand is the direction for improving services. The launch of the "Fan Special Train" stemmed from accurately capturing the specific difficulties faced by out-of-town performance attendees, such as the inconvenience of returning late at night and the impact on work the next day. Similar to the "Fan Special Train," the "City Super" that has blossomed in many places has fueled the "Fan Train," some marathon races have been equipped with "Runner Special Trains," and many cities have adopted methods such as opening connecting bus lines, extending subway operating hours, and increasing taxi capacity to smooth "micro-circulation." When tourists' pain points are seen, and when people's needs are met, thoughtful public services become a window to showcase the city's image. Less "overcoming it" and "making do," more smooth travel and returning with joy, in the process of solving problems for the people, the city gains a good reputation and accommodates large traffic.
As consumption scenarios accelerate their upgrading, service awareness and quality are playing an increasingly critical role in the supply of the cultural and tourism market. Frozen pears arranged on plates, roasted sweet potatoes served with spoons, "artificial moons" as scenery... The popularity of Harbin (哈尔滨), Heilongjiang (黑龙江) is precisely because of its "fancy pampering of customers," winning the recognition of tourists with meticulous and responsive public services. In the current context of abundant cultural and tourism supply, what tourists value is no longer just "sightseeing," but more the pursuit of in-depth experiences and emotional resonance. This also places higher demands on the supply side. Not long ago, the Qingming Riverside Landscape Garden (清明上河园) scenic area in Kaifeng (开封), Henan (河南) received praise for promptly providing raincoats and ginger tea to tourists on rainy days. Thinking from the perspective of tourists, thinking ahead and doing things meticulously can create a consumer experience that others don't have or that is better than others, thereby polishing the city's cultural and tourism brand and forming an attraction for tourists to visit again.
The temperature of a city is reflected in the details of serving the lives of the masses. Whether it is Fuzhou (福州), Fujian (福建) providing support such as commercial district discounts and scenic spot ticket discounts for college students and young people starting businesses, or Suzhou (苏州), Jiangsu (江苏) supporting young people's small shops and building youth development-oriented blocks, or Shanghai (上海) helping migrant workers achieve housing, these measures that care for individuals and reach people's hearts reflect a warm and inclusive urban atmosphere and demonstrate an open and generous urban spirit. People are the source of a city's vitality. A city that gathers "good popularity" and fills up "goodwill value" naturally has the "attraction" of talent and accumulates the driving force for development. From this perspective, the temperature of a city also marks the scale of development.
For a modern city of the people, vitality and warmth are its unique charm. Sports facilities that are just a step away downstairs in the community, the interlaced greenery during city walks, and the convenient and fast processes when handling affairs... These details enrich the "texture" of the city and amplify the city's charm in silence. We look forward to more heartwarming measures that focus on people, serve people, and invest in people, supporting everyone's secure and prosperous lives and leveraging more possibilities for economic and social development.
Return to TopOutdoor ski resorts in Heilongjiang (黑龙江), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), Jilin (吉林) and other places have opened one after another, kicking off the ice and snow season this winter. Various regions have launched a variety of featured projects covering snow appreciation, snow entertainment, hot springs, skating, cultural performances, and cuisine, promoting the continued rise in popularity of "heading north to chase snow." A report shows that in 2025, the scale of China's ice and snow industry is expected to exceed one trillion yuan.
This is exactly:
Jade flowers dance in the sky,
Skateboards speed after the north wind.
Crowds surge with joyful voices,
The grand ice and snow plan unfolds in a thousand ways.
Liao Yuanwen (廖沅文)
By: 苏群超
Not long ago, while attending an academic seminar on urban construction, I heard a scholar mention a road in front of his house: "One side has a barrier, but the other side does not. On the side without a barrier, cars are always parked illegally, and minor accidents occur frequently." Why not install barriers on both sides of the same road? The scholar revealed the reason: the two sides of the road belong to two different districts. District A doesn't care because the opposite side is not under its jurisdiction; District B has tight funds and cannot do the same as District A.
Similar problems are not uncommon. For example, in a certain place in the central region, the camellia and fruit industry bases belong to two towns. One side, under the promotion of the local government, has obtained supporting funds and built cement roads and reservoirs, while the other side still has gravel roads, and the irrigation problem has not been solved. Adjacent places have vastly different levels of development due to the different financial strengths of the administrative regions to which they belong and the different levels of importance attached by local leaders.
The "invisible walls" at the junction hinder the rational flow of factors. These "invisible walls" are, in the final analysis, manifestations of administrative decentralization barriers and departmental egoism. How to tear down the "invisible walls" at the junction? We can start with organizational restructuring, clear mechanisms, and smooth resources.
To achieve cross-regional resource integration, policy coordination, and service linkage, we must first establish an overall awareness. Judging from the practices in various places, some have established Party committees for the industrial chain according to the principles of "industrial association, regional adjacency, and ease of organization," some have established joint working meetings by the People's Congress, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), government departments, public security organs, procuratorial organs, judicial organs, discipline inspection and supervision organs, etc., and some have established construction entities with the same proportion of investment and the same rights and interests to promote the implementation of projects involving major cross-regional projects.
After the organization is established, it must operate in a standardized manner, relying on a clear system design of powers and responsibilities to solve the problems of "who manages, what to manage, how to manage, and what to do if management is not good" in the administrative boundary area. For example, establish joint approval, joint law enforcement, and emergency response processes across administrative regions to break information asymmetry and reduce coordination costs. In terms of supervision and accountability, it is necessary to establish a performance evaluation system that transcends a single administrative region, introduce higher-level supervision or third-party evaluation mechanisms, and clarify "shared benefits and shared responsibilities."
To inject "living water" into the boundary area, the key lies in how to make resources such as "people, money, materials, and data" flow in a real sense. It is undeniable that the resource endowments and financial strengths of various places are different. Regional coordinated development is not about egalitarianism, but about common progress based on adapting to local conditions. For example, some major infrastructure construction, industrial cooperation, and public service projects are located in the boundary area. If one party is allowed to bear it, it will produce concerns about "unwillingness to invest and inability to invest." Relevant parties inject funds in agreed proportions to establish cross-regional collaborative development funds or special funds pools, which may be a way to solve the problem of "who pays."
To tear down the "invisible walls" at the junction, we must combine "multiple accounts" into "one account" and obtain the largest common denominator in consultation. This common denominator is the key code for optimizing social governance and promoting economic development.
(Excerpted from *Xinhua Daily* (新华日报), originally titled "How to Tear Down the 'Invisible Walls' at the Junction")
Return to TopBy: 方 圆
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal puts forward "improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and quality benefits" and "enhancing the supply guarantee capacity of grain and other important agricultural products," making important arrangements for stabilizing grain production and ensuring food security in the next five years.
Solving the problem of food has always been the top priority of our party in governing the country. To solve the problem of food, we cannot just focus on the limited arable land, but we must open up our thinking. In the black soil, we are delighted to have a good harvest of grains, exploring the delicacies of the mountains and forests, and witnessing the full cabins of fish and shrimps in the vast rivers and lakes... Heilongjiang (黑龙江) is building a pioneer area for practicing the grand food concept, and continues to brighten the provincial public brand of "Nine Treasures and Eighteen Products" (九珍十八品). On the plains, the rice waves are thousands of layers, the tea and fruits in the mountains and forests are fragrant, and the fishing rafts on the sea are vertical and horizontal... Fujian (福建) sings the "Shan Hai Jing" (山海经) of agriculture well, and strives to create a characteristic agricultural industry represented by Ningde (宁德) large yellow croaker and Gutian (古田) edible fungi. Establishing a grand agricultural view and a grand food view, developing food resources in an all-round and multi-channel way, and building a diversified food supply system will help expand the space for agricultural development and better meet the needs of the people for nutritional, diversified, personalized, and customized food consumption.
Hiding grain in the land also requires hiding grain in technology. Technological breakthroughs can often lead to qualitative changes in productivity. To achieve agricultural modernization, we must vigorously develop new quality productive forces in agriculture. Taking seed sources as an example, the coverage rate of improved varieties of major crops in Heilongjiang (黑龙江) is 100%. A number of new varieties such as high-oil and high-protein soybeans, dense and suitable for machine harvesting corn, and excellent palatable rice have emerged one after another, successfully solving the "bottleneck" problem of seed sources. Look at field management again. In the 15,000-mu unmanned farm of the Jiansanjiang (建三江) Branch of Beidahuang Group (北大荒集团), the intelligent agricultural machinery cluster realizes collaborative operation through a high-precision navigation system. The unmanned harvester advances at a uniform speed along the predetermined trajectory, and the unmanned grain transport vehicle accurately docks according to digital instructions. The entire operation process does not require human intervention and operates in an orderly manner. Precise cultivation, intelligent breeding, and digital operation are becoming a reality, promoting a leap in agricultural production efficiency.
Taking the tackling of key and core agricultural technologies as the lead, focusing on fields such as chassis technology, core seed sources, and key agricultural machinery and equipment, strengthening the integration of agriculture and technology, and comprehensively improving land output rate, labor productivity, and agricultural resource utilization efficiency can make the foundation of national food security more solid.
How can the scattered farmlands converge into the river of modern agriculture? The answer lies in the word "service." In the past, people worried about farming in the spring: they had to run around to buy seeds and fertilizers, and they had to hire agricultural machinery operators several times. The price increased every year, and the work was not necessarily timely. Now it is good. The cooperative provides one-stop service from planting to harvesting. You don't need to work hard, just wait for dividends. Henan (河南) has built 932 various agricultural service centers, and the whole-chain service responds to the needs of farmers; Guangdong (广东) is accelerating the cultivation of regional agricultural machinery socialization service centers to improve the mechanization of production and emergency service capabilities... These explorations adapted to local conditions are inseparable from sound institutional guarantees and precise policy support. Accelerating the construction of a new agricultural socialization service system can give various service entities confidence and motivation, and allow the majority of farmers to obtain benefits and enjoy convenience.
Fertile fields hide gold, which is related to the foundation of the country. Anchoring the goal, improving the path, improving the system, and continuously improving the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and quality benefits will surely comprehensively consolidate the foundation of food security and accelerate the historic leap from a "large agricultural country" to a "strong agricultural country."
Return to TopThis edition's email: rmbpl@peopledaily.cn (Please indicate the column name when submitting articles)
Return to TopBy: 穆 虹
The "15th Five-Year Plan" Proposal of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the National Economic and Social Development, adopted by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee (hereinafter referred to as the "Proposal"), summarizes the significant achievements made in green and low-carbon transition during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, and makes strategic arrangements for accelerating the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. It fully demonstrates the strong will and firm determination of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core to follow the path of ecological priority and green development, and will surely have a significant and far-reaching impact on comprehensively promoting the construction of a beautiful China and accelerating the modernization of harmonious coexistence between humanity and nature.
I. Deeply Understanding the Great Significance of Accelerating the Comprehensive Green Transition of Economic and Social Development
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out that adhering to green development is a profound revolution in the concept of development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has placed the promotion of green development in a prominent position in the overall economic and social development, and carried out a series of pioneering works. The determination, intensity, and effectiveness have been unprecedented, promoting the construction of a beautiful China to take significant steps, adding a profound background and injecting strong momentum into Chinese-style modernization. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for laying the foundation and fully exerting efforts to basically realize socialist modernization. To promote development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period and lay a more solid foundation for basically realizing socialist modernization, accelerating the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development is an important cornerstone that must be consolidated.
First, accelerating the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development is the inherent requirement for promoting high-quality development. High-quality development is a development that embodies the new development concept, and green development is the distinct background color of high-quality development. Currently, China is in a critical stage of transitioning from a middle-income country to a high-income country, and then moving towards a moderately developed country. Development conditions and growth models are undergoing profound changes, and new quality productive forces characterized by green and low-carbon features are accelerating their development, and their role in supporting and leading economic and social development is constantly highlighted. To accelerate the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development is to completely change the extensive development mode of high consumption, high emissions, and high pollution, consciously restrict economic activities and human behavior within the limits that natural resources and the ecological environment can bear, focus on building a green, low-carbon, and circular economic system, focus on developing green productivity, accelerate the formation of an industrial structure with high technological content, low resource consumption, and low environmental pollution, and continuously enhance the potential and stamina of China's development, and promote the effective improvement of quality and the rational growth of quantity in development through green transition.
Second, accelerating the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development is the fundamental solution to China's ecological and environmental problems. Ecological and environmental problems are ultimately problems of development and lifestyle. Currently, the structural, root, and trend pressures on China's ecological and environmental protection have not been fundamentally alleviated, the total amount of pollutants and carbon emissions remains high, and the foundation for the steady improvement of ecological and environmental quality is not yet solid, and the inflection point from quantitative change to qualitative change has not yet arrived. Accelerating the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development, accelerating the adjustment of industrial, energy, and transportation structures, accelerating the formation of a spatial pattern, industrial structure, production mode, and lifestyle that saves resources and protects the environment, and significantly improving the greening level of the economy will help reduce pollutants and carbon emissions from the source, while actively cultivating an ecological culture, making green and low-carbon lifestyles a common practice, fundamentally improving the quality of the ecological environment, and meeting the people's growing needs for a beautiful ecological environment.
Third, accelerating the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development is a strategic move to shape new advantages in international cooperation and competition. Currently, the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating breakthroughs, and the global industrial system and supply chain system are accelerating restructuring, showing a diversified, regionalized, green, and digital development trend. Promoting green and low-carbon development is the trend of the times, and the green economy has become a commanding height of global industrial competition. At the same time, the global environmental governance situation is becoming more complex, and the trend of politicizing ecological and environmental issues is increasing. Accelerating the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development, accelerating green and low-carbon technological innovation and the promotion and application of advanced green technologies, and promoting industries to continuously move towards the high end of the global value chain will help expand China's development advantages, actively strive for the initiative in global green and low-carbon competition, and also help implement the Global Development Initiative, contribute Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to promoting more robust, green, and healthy global development, and enhance China's voice and influence in the global environmental governance system.
II. Accurately Grasping the Situation Facing the Acceleration of the Comprehensive Green Transition of Economic and Social Development
To implement the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee, we must first unify our thinking and understanding with the CPC Central Committee's judgment on the situation. The "Proposal" analyzes the profound and complex changes facing China's development environment during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period from both domestic and international perspectives. The situation facing green development in the next five years should also be grasped based on this broad judgment of the situation. Overall, the "15th Five-Year Plan" period is particularly crucial for accelerating the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development. During this planning period, China will achieve its carbon peak target. Green development faces both historical opportunities and a series of prominent problems and challenges.
From a domestic perspective, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, all regions and departments have steadily promoted the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development, and continuously improved the top-level institutional design. China's green transition in industries, energy, transportation, urban and rural construction, and consumption has been steadily advanced and achieved remarkable results, laying a solid foundation for further accelerating green and low-carbon development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. In particular, new quality productive forces are booming, technological innovation is accumulating, new and old kinetic energy are being transformed and upgraded, and the quality of urbanization development is improving. The industrial, energy, and transportation structures will undergo profound adjustments, and structural emission reduction will usher in a new period of opportunity. At the same time, the situation in China where the energy structure is biased towards coal, the industrial structure is biased towards heavy industry, and environmental constraints are tight has not fundamentally changed, and green and low-carbon transition still faces many constraints. In terms of energy structure, China's energy intensity is 1.5 times the world average, fossil energy still occupies a dominant position in the energy consumption structure, and total carbon emissions are at a high level. Before 2035, the demand for energy resources will still maintain rigid growth. As China's energy development enters a transitional period of transformation between new and old energy systems, the installed capacity of renewable energy is growing rapidly, and a large number of new entities such as distributed energy and microgrids are connected, the number, difficulty, and complexity of power dispatching objects have increased significantly, and the traditional model urgently needs to be transformed. In terms of industrial structure, China produces more than half of the world's total glass, cement, crude steel, and non-ferrous metal products. Traditional high-energy-consuming and high-emission enterprises face multiple challenges such as technological upgrades and capital investment in the process of green transition. Many enterprises have weak willingness, insufficient capacity, and a shortage of investment in transformation. In terms of transportation structure, China's freight structure dominated by highways will still exist for a long time, and the long-distance transportation of bulk goods is still mainly by diesel trucks, and the overall process of "shifting from road to rail" and "shifting from road to water" needs to be accelerated. In terms of policy guarantees, the construction of a green and low-carbon standard system is relatively lagging behind, the effective supply of green finance is insufficient, the policies supporting new industries and new business formats such as user-side energy storage, carbon capture utilization and storage, and carbon asset management are imperfect, some localities and industries still have path dependence, and the incentive and constraint mechanisms for promoting comprehensive green transition have not been fully established.
From an international perspective, in the past decade, new progress has been made in the global green development cause, and international cooperation in green development has ushered in more opportunities. Standing at a height responsible for human civilization, China actively participates in international cooperation and global governance, proposes to build a community of life on Earth, makes a solemn commitment to carbon peaking and carbon neutrality and puts it into practice, deeply promotes international cooperation in areas such as climate change response, marine pollution control, and biodiversity protection, assumes the responsibility of a major country, demonstrates the responsibility of a major country, and has achieved a major transformation from participant to leader. At the same time, with the profound evolution of the international situation, international competition in the green and low-carbon field has intensified. Some countries compete with China for global green and low-carbon industrial and technological advantages and the dominance of climate governance rules, and continue to hype up the carbon footprint of China's clean energy products, etc., and set up green barriers by raising tariffs and launching anti-subsidy investigations on electric vehicles to curb China's new advantages in green development, and promote carbon border adjustment mechanisms to suppress the export of China's high-emission industry products, and China faces greater international emission reduction pressure. In particular, individual countries frequently "renege on agreements and withdraw from groups," relax the regulation of fossil fuel extraction and use, and hinder the pace of green and low-carbon development, bringing new challenges to global environmental governance.
III. Conscientiously Implementing the Key Tasks of Accelerating the Comprehensive Green Transition of Economic and Social Development
The "Proposal" comprehensively implements Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought and Xi Jinping's (习近平) ecological civilization thought, grasps the basic positioning and phased requirements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, coordinates the overall situation, highlights key points, and proposes key tasks and major measures for accelerating the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development. We must deeply study and implement it, and focus on implementing the following tasks and measures.
(1) Accelerate the construction of a new energy system. Energy is the foundation and driving force for economic and social operation, and it is also the main battlefield for green transition and "dual carbon" work. Carbon emissions in the energy sector account for more than 85% of the total national carbon emissions. To grasp carbon reduction in the energy sector, we must not only accelerate the adjustment of the energy structure, but also deepen the reform of the energy system and mechanism, and accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy system. The "Proposal" makes systematic arrangements for the construction of a new energy system based on China's energy resource endowment and actual conditions. The following tasks need to be focused on: First, continue to increase the proportion of new energy supply. Adhere to the combination of wind, solar, water, nuclear, and other energy sources, adhere to the combination of centralized and distributed, onshore and offshore, coordinate on-site consumption and external transmission, and promote the high-quality development of clean energy. Second, strengthen the clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy. Resolutely control the consumption of fossil energy and promote the peaking of coal and oil consumption. Promote the transformation and upgrading of coal power. On the premise of ensuring the safe supply of energy, actively and orderly promote the replacement of bulk coal. Third, focus on building a new power system. Actively adapt to the new development trend, promote the coordinated development of source, grid, load, and storage, and comprehensively improve the complementary and resilient level of the power system. Accelerate the construction of smart grids and microgrids, promote multi-level coordinated development of main distribution microgrids, and further improve the grid's ability to accept, allocate, and regulate clean energy. Fourth, deepen the reform of the energy system and mechanism, and accelerate the improvement of market and price mechanisms adapted to the new energy system.
(2) Implement a dual control system for total carbon emissions and intensity. A scientific and reasonable evaluation and assessment mechanism is the key to consolidating the responsibilities of all parties and accelerating green transition. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee deployed the establishment of a new mechanism for the comprehensive transition from dual control of energy consumption to dual control of carbon emissions. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is the first five-year planning period for the comprehensive implementation of the dual control system for carbon emissions, which needs to be steadily advanced and the foundation for work needs to be consolidated. The implementation of this system includes five specific aspects: First, local carbon assessment. Establish a comprehensive evaluation and assessment system for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and decompose the dual control indicators of carbon emissions to various regions. Guide the establishment of a carbon emission budget management system at the provincial and municipal levels. Second, industry carbon control. Focus on industrial sectors such as electricity, steel, non-ferrous metals, building materials, and petrochemicals, as well as urban and rural construction and transportation, carry out carbon emission accounting in key industries and fields, and strengthen carbon emission analysis, monitoring, and early warning. Third, enterprise carbon management. Incorporate carbon emission control requirements into the management system of key energy-using units, and further leverage the regulatory role of the national carbon market on emission control enterprises. Fourth, project carbon evaluation. Incorporate carbon emission evaluation into energy conservation review, and conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the energy use and carbon emissions of projects. Fifth, product carbon footprint. Formulate rules and standards for product carbon footprint accounting, strengthen the construction of a carbon footprint background database, and establish a product carbon labeling certification system.
(3) Deeply promote ecological and environmental zoning control. This is an important measure to build a spatial pattern for green, low-carbon, and high-quality development. The purpose is to fully connect the "one map" of territorial space planning on the basis of zoning various ecological and environmental elements such as atmosphere, water, soil, ecology, and ocean, implement the "three zones and three lines" control requirements, delineate priority protection and key control units from the perspective of ecological environment, clarify what each unit can do and what it cannot do, and set a bottom line and draw a boundary for the economic and social development of each region. During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the implementation of the ecological and environmental zoning control system needs to highlight the following aspects: First, improve the control plan, dynamically connect with economic and social development plans and territorial space plans, and coordinate the annual optimization and regular adjustment of the ecological and environmental zoning control plan. Second, strengthen policy coordination, adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass, and sand, strictly implement the requirements of ecological protection red lines, implement differentiated protection and restoration strategies by unit, improve the existing ecological and environmental element zoning control, and improve the effectiveness of the zoning control system. Third, strengthen the application of results, promote the green and low-carbon transformation of key areas such as industry, urban and rural construction, transportation, and energy, encourage the exploration of ecological product value transformation paths in accordance with local conditions, connect with the ecological environment access list, and guide key industries and enterprises to scientifically layout and orderly transfer to areas with large environmental capacity and good market guarantee conditions.
(4) Improve the total amount management and comprehensive conservation system of resources. Transforming the mode of resource utilization and improving the efficiency of resource utilization are important ways to accelerate the green transformation of the development mode. To improve the total amount management and comprehensive conservation system of resources, we need to start from two aspects. On the one hand, deeply implement the comprehensive conservation strategy, and strengthen the whole-process management and whole-chain conservation of various resources. Implement the rigid constraint system of water resources and build a water-saving society. Improve the long-term mechanism for food and food conservation, and carry out food conservation actions. Implement the strictest cultivated land protection system and land conservation and intensive use system, and promote land-saving technologies and land-saving models. Strengthen the exploration, protection, and rational development of mineral resources, and improve mining efficiency. On the other hand, vigorously develop the circular economy, reduce energy and resource consumption from the source, and improve energy efficiency and carbon efficiency. Deeply promote the circular economy to help reduce carbon emissions, promote resource-circular production models, and vigorously develop the resource recycling industry. Promote the high-quality development of the remanufacturing industry, improve the quality of recycled materials and products, and expand the scale of substitution for primary resources. Improve the level of garbage classification and resource utilization. Improve the waste recycling system and improve the scale, standardization, and refinement of recycling.
(5) Implement relevant policies to promote green and low-carbon development. Resource and energy consumption has significant negative externality characteristics. To accelerate the comprehensive green transition of economic and social development, we need to further improve fiscal, taxation, financial, investment, price, science and technology, environmental protection, and other policies and market-based mechanisms to promote the internalization of external costs such as pollutant emissions and carbon emissions, and build an institutional foundation conducive to promoting green and low-carbon development. The key is to actively build a fiscal and taxation policy system conducive to promoting green and low-carbon development and efficient resource utilization, and support the construction of new energy systems, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, green and low-carbon technological innovation, energy and resource conservation and intensive utilization, and the promotion of green and low-carbon lifestyles. Strengthen financial support, promote the innovation of ecological environment-oriented development models and investment and financing models, explore financial support models for regional environmental protection construction projects, and guide various financial institutions and social capital to invest. Strengthen price policy support, comprehensively consider the energy consumption and environmental performance levels of enterprises, and improve the tiered electricity price system for high-energy-consuming industries. Expand the scope of the national carbon emission trading market and accelerate the construction of a voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market. Establish and improve a green and low-carbon standard system and improve the carbon emission statistical accounting system. Improve the green consumption incentive mechanism and promote green and low-carbon lifestyles.
(VI) Strengthen international cooperation in green transformation. As the world's largest energy producer and consumer, the world's largest clean energy market, and the world's largest manufacturing country, China's promotion of green transformation and development requires a good external environment and more cooperation opportunities. The "Recommendations" put forward some specific measures in improving the working system for adapting to climate change, promoting the improvement and mutual recognition of international rules and standards, which has strong practical guiding significance. It is necessary to coordinate international cooperation and competition, and while maintaining the main channel status of the "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change," actively expand multilateral and bilateral dialogue and cooperation channels, strengthen the construction of multilateral cooperation platforms in the field of green development, vigorously promote China's achievements in green transformation, and actively learn from international experience. Actively participate in the formulation of international rules in areas such as climate change response, marine pollution control, biodiversity protection, and plastic pollution control, and promote the construction of a fair, reasonable, and win-win global environmental climate governance system. Strengthen international cooperation in green technology, investment and trade, standards and conformity assessment. At the same time, in the face of containment and suppression, we must continue to carry out struggles in a reasonable, advantageous, and restrained manner, actively recognize changes, respond to changes, seek changes, and form a more proactive and favorable situation.
The "Recommendations" establish the basic formation of green production and lifestyles as an important goal for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, pointing out the direction for accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of the economy and society. We must resolutely implement the strategic deployment made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, coordinate the promotion of high-quality development and high-level protection, consciously practice the new development concept, and continuously exert efforts and achieve long-term success in promoting comprehensive green transformation, continuously consolidate the ecological foundation and development advantages, accelerate the formation of green production and lifestyles, and strive to write a beautiful new chapter of Chinese-style modernization.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Shenzhen, November 18th. The 9th China-Singapore Law and Judiciary Roundtable Meeting was held in Shenzhen (深圳), Guangdong (广东) on the 18th. Zhang Jun (张军), President of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院) of China, attended the meeting and stated that the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院) of China is willing to strengthen exchanges and mutual learning and deepen practical cooperation with the Supreme Court of Singapore (新加坡最高法院), to provide a strong legal guarantee for promoting greater development of the all-round, high-quality, forward-looking partnership between China and Singapore, and to contribute more legal strength to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Zhang Jun (张军) stated that the China-Singapore Law and Judiciary Roundtable Meeting has been successfully held for eight sessions, discussed 31 topics, and signed 6 memorandums of understanding, becoming a high-level platform for China-Singapore exchange and cooperation. It is hoped that the judicial institutions of both sides will give play to the leading role of the mechanism, continuously enrich the content of cooperation, and enhance the effectiveness of cooperation; focus on the new situations and new problems in the judicial trial practice of the two countries, and expand the breadth and depth of topics; and continue to promote the transformation of the meeting results, and promote China-Singapore judicial cooperation to continuously move towards "high quality."
Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon (梅达顺) of the Supreme Court of Singapore (新加坡最高法院) attended the meeting.
Return to TopBy: 张高尉
Promote the digital and intelligent transformation of the manufacturing industry, develop intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing, and service-oriented manufacturing, and accelerate the transformation of industrial models and enterprise organizational forms.
——Excerpt from the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal
Not long ago, the Phase II development project of the Kenli 6-1 Oilfield 10-1 North Block, contracted by Offshore Oil Engineering Co., Ltd. (海洋石油工程股份有限公司), was precisely positioned in the southern waters of the Bohai Sea. This project pioneered the development technology model of "one central platform + N wellhead platforms." It has now built an intelligent oilfield cluster including one central processing platform and nine unmanned wellhead platforms, becoming the development project with the largest number of offshore intelligent unmanned wellhead platforms in China. Among them, two platforms were produced at the COOEC Tianjin Intelligent Manufacturing Base (海油工程天津智能制造基地).
For marine resource development, equipment manufacturing is the core. I joined the workforce in 2014 and have personally witnessed the transformation of China's offshore oil and gas equipment industry from labor-intensive to intelligence-intensive in recent years.
When I first started working, most of the information systems we used came from abroad. The data from modules such as construction, design, and quality management could not be interconnected, and we had to invest tens of millions of yuan in software usage fees every year. Due to the foreign party's restrictions on the number of points, each work point had to use the software in time slots, which was time-consuming and laborious, and also affected the project progress.
Speaking of intelligent factories, everyone is familiar with fully automated, streamlined factories similar to automobile manufacturing. Offshore oil and gas equipment intelligent factories are completely different: each set of equipment is designed for different oilfields from the beginning, so the product parameters are different, and the process, equipment, and even design are different. Therefore, intelligent factories must realize the full-process traceability and control of design, procurement, logistics, production, quality inspection, and installation from the basic architecture.
With the establishment of the intelligent factory project, we were determined to build a comprehensive production management and control platform for the entire process of offshore oil and gas equipment production and manufacturing. A large offshore platform usually requires thousands of people to work together, and the difficulty of production collaboration management is very high. Moreover, several projects may start simultaneously within the same period, so intelligent collaborative management of projects is the biggest test for intelligent factories manufacturing offshore oil and gas equipment. The digital transformation of offshore engineering is completely different from traditional manufacturing, and there is no ready-made experience to refer to. This requires our intelligent factory to completely complete the intelligent transformation from the "central hub" of the management system.
In 2021, the management software I participated in the research and development of was put into use, incorporating design data, production and manufacturing, and all workshops into digital management. With the deepening of independent innovation, we have rapidly achieved digital transformation in the field of offshore oil and gas equipment manufacturing. For example, material management is a core link. Previously, material lists needed to be made manually, and workers received materials based on construction material lists. With this management system, the production line and workshop can be managed in a completely transparent and real-time manner, realizing proactive reservation of materials, and improving efficiency and cost control.
Innovation never ends. Based on this management system, our independently developed "COOEC Smart Brain" (海工智脑) has also begun testing. This is the first smart brain large model in the domestic offshore oil and gas equipment manufacturing industry. The large model relies on the management system of the COOEC Tianjin Intelligent Manufacturing Base (海油工程天津智能制造基地), integrates into vertical scenarios, and covers production scheduling, materials, and work order fields. Looking forward to the "15th Five-Year Plan," the large model will develop more versions to enhance our leading edge in market competition.
(The author is the Deputy Manager of the Data and Industrial Control Center of COOEC Tianjin Intelligent Manufacturing Branch (海油工程天津智能制造分公司), interviewed and compiled by Jin Bo (靳博), a reporter from this newspaper)
Extended Reading
What does an "Excellent Intelligent Factory" look like?
As China's first "intelligent factory" for offshore oil and gas equipment manufacturing, the COOEC Tianjin Intelligent Manufacturing Base (海油工程天津智能制造基地) covers an area of approximately 575,000 square meters, including four intelligent centers, eight intelligent production lines, 16 general assembly stations, and core facilities such as wharves suitable for large ships to dock. The base focuses on developing high-end oil and gas equipment such as offshore oil and gas platforms, floating production equipment, and liquefied natural gas modules, and is committed to building a comprehensive base integrating offshore engineering intelligent manufacturing, intelligent guarantee for oil and gas field operation and maintenance, and offshore engineering technology innovation and research and development platforms. In 2025, the base was selected as one of the first "Excellent Intelligent Factories" in China.
The base applies nearly 600 sets of advanced intelligent production equipment, and through the deep interconnection of digital information technology and industrial technology, it has created a new intelligent manufacturing model integrating digital management, intelligent production, and network integrated collaboration, promoting the transformation of offshore oil and gas equipment manufacturing from the traditional "labor-intensive" model to a modern "intelligent factory."
Currently, the base is simultaneously running the construction of 8 projects and 20 equipment units, integrating a new generation of information technology with high-end independent and domestic tools, effectively improving production capacity and efficiency. It has successively completed the manufacturing of more than 30 projects and 62 offshore oil and gas equipment units, with a comprehensive production efficiency increase of approximately 40% compared to the traditional model.
(Compiled by Jin Bo (靳博), a reporter from this newspaper)
Reporter's Notes
Injecting Digital Momentum into Traditional Offshore Oil and Gas Equipment
Offshore oil and gas equipment is an important support for the marine power strategy. Strengthening technological innovation and application, promoting the upgrading of traditional offshore oil and gas equipment, and promoting the development of advanced high-end equipment are inherent requirements for achieving high-quality development.
As a typical non-standard heavy equipment manufacturing industry, the traditional production model of offshore oil and gas equipment manufacturing faces pain points such as scattered production data, high dependence on manual labor, and insufficient quality stability. In recent years, the COOEC Tianjin Intelligent Manufacturing Base (海油工程天津智能制造基地) has overcome "bottleneck" technologies and developed an intelligent manufacturing management platform, solving the international problem of the impact of "data silos" on production efficiency in the field of offshore oil and gas equipment manufacturing.
The COOEC Tianjin Intelligent Manufacturing Base (海油工程天津智能制造基地) has injected digital momentum into the traditional offshore oil and gas equipment industry, realizing the transformation from a "human factory" to an "intelligent factory." Along this high-end and intelligent navigation channel of the offshore oil and gas equipment industry, we look forward to more high-end offshore engineering equipment sailing from the Tianjin base to the deep blue in the future.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on November 18th (Reporter Zhao Liyue (赵丽岳)) The third symposium on the study and dissemination of the spiritual pedigree of Chinese Communists was held on the 18th at the People's Daily (人民日报) office. This symposium was hosted by the People's Weekly (《人民周刊》) magazine and themed "Promoting the Spirit of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and Striving Forward on the Journey of Rejuvenation." Li Zhongjie (李忠杰), Vice President of the Party History Society of the CPC, Yan Xiaofeng (颜晓峰), Dean of the School of Marxism at Tianjin University (天津大学), Zhu Chengshan (朱成山), Dean of the Red Culture Research Institute at Changzhou University (常州大学), and Li Zhidong (李志东), Deputy Curator of the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (中国人民抗日战争纪念馆), and other experts and scholars exchanged views on the rich connotation and contemporary value of the great spirit of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
At the symposium, the People's Weekly (《人民周刊》) magazine and the National Party Media Information Public Platform jointly issued a proposal to work with more mainstream media to focus on the spiritual pedigree of Chinese Communists, do a good job in publicity and interpretation, innovate communication forms, use large traffic to stimulate positive energy, and 凝聚力量 (níng jù lì liàng - "gather strength," to pool efforts and resources) for the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 18th (Xinhua) The Sixth Session of the Third Plenary Meeting of the China Economic and Social Council (中国经济社会理事会) was held in Beijing (北京) on the 18th. Wang Dongfeng (王东峰), Vice Chairman and Secretary-General of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协) and Chairman of the China Economic and Social Council (中国经济社会理事会), attended and delivered a speech.
Wang Dongfeng (王东峰) emphasized that the Economic and Social Council should take in-depth study and implementation of the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee as a major political task, and effectively unify its thinking and actions with the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech and the arrangements of the Plenary Session, and apply the learning results to the entire process of performing its duties in all aspects. It is necessary to adhere to the political stance, firmly grasp the correct direction of performing duties, consolidate and expand the fruitful results achieved in performing duties in 2025, scientifically plan the work for 2026, give full play to its role in public diplomacy, people-to-people diplomacy, and think-tank diplomacy, build and utilize foreign exchange platforms, strengthen investigation and research, improve the level of providing suggestions and advice, strengthen the construction of the council team, and focus on serving the implementation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" and promoting Chinese-style modernization to perform its duties and take responsibility.
The meeting listened to and reviewed and approved the work report of the Standing Council of the Economic and Social Council.
Return to TopAccording to a report from our newspaper in Beijing on November 18th (Reporter Jin Zhengbo (金正波)), the aircraft carrier formation of the Navy's Fujian ship recently organized multi-subject training at sea. This is the first time the Fujian ship has conducted live-fire training at sea since it was commissioned.
During the mission, the aircraft carrier formation, composed of multiple ships including the Fujian ship, the Yan'an ship (延安舰), and the Tongliao ship (通辽舰), successively carried out multiple subjects of training such as formation navigation, joint ship-aircraft search and rescue, and carrier-based aircraft take-off and landing. In the joint ship-aircraft search and rescue subject, after the formation command post issued a special situation disposal order, the ships and aircraft linked up in the sea and air, cooperated with each other, and quickly completed the rescue mission, promoting the improvement and optimization of the carrier-based aircraft special situation disposal and search and rescue force transfer process, and strengthening the formation's emergency situation handling capabilities. J-35, J-15T, J-15DT, KJ-600 and other types of carrier-based aircraft successively completed multiple catapult take-offs and landing training on the Fujian ship, effectively verifying the Fujian ship's electromagnetic catapult, recovery, and deck operation capabilities, and the ship-aircraft compatibility was further verified.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Shanghai, November 18th (Xinhua) The Eighth Annual Meeting of the Taihu World Cultural Forum opened in Shanghai (上海) on the 18th. Jiang Xinzhi (姜信治), Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, attended the opening ceremony and delivered a speech.
Jiang Xinzhi (姜信治) stated that achieving modernization is the historical trend of world development and the common aspiration of people of all countries. The successful practice of Chinese-style modernization has created a new form of human civilization and provided new choices for developing countries to move towards modernization.
Jiang Xinzhi (姜信治) pointed out that in 2023, President Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed the Global Civilization Initiative, emphasizing the great significance of civilization exchanges and mutual learning for the development and progress of human civilization, which has been positively responded to by the international community. We must practice the Global Civilization Initiative, adhere to equality and respect, and maintain the diversity of civilizations; strengthen dialogue and communication to enhance understanding and recognition; draw on traditional wisdom to address contemporary issues; and promote 守正创新 (shǒu zhèng chuàng xīn - "uphold the correct and innovate," adhere to fundamental principles while promoting innovation) to stimulate the vitality of civilization.
The theme of this annual meeting is "Civilization Exchanges and Mutual Learning and Chinese-style Modernization," with nearly a thousand Chinese and foreign guests attending.
Return to TopPresidential Decree of the People's Republic of China
No. 55
The "Law of the People's Republic of China on Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law" was adopted at the 17th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on September 12, 2025, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force on November 1, 2025.
President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping (习近平)
September 12, 2025
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law in Society
Chapter III Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law for State Functionaries
Chapter IV Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law for Adolescents and Children
Chapter V Guarantees and Supervision
Chapter VI Legal Liability
Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution in order to strengthen publicity and education on the rule of law, improve the legal literacy of all citizens and the level of legalization of social governance, create a sound atmosphere in the whole society of respecting, studying, abiding by and applying the law, consolidate the social foundation for comprehensively advancing the rule of law, and promote the building of a socialist country under the rule of law at a higher level.
Article 2 Publicity and education on the rule of law shall adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, adhere to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Important Thought of "Three Represents," the Scientific Outlook on Development, and Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as guidance, implement Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law, promote the socialist spirit of the rule of law, promote the rule of law as a social consensus and basic准则, and create a sound legal environment for building a modern socialist country in all respects.
Article 3 Publicity and education on the rule of law shall adhere to a people-centered approach, serve the overall situation, maintain integrity and innovate, adhere to the integration with law-based governance and the practice of the rule of law, adhere to the combination of governing the country according to law and governing the country according to virtue, adhere to the organic unity of governing the country according to law and governing the Party according to regulations, practice the core socialist values, and improve the working mechanism of Party committee leadership, people's congress supervision, government leadership, multi-party coordination, and social participation.
Article 4 The State implements a lifelong legal education system for citizens, and incorporates legal education into the national education, cadre education, and social education systems.
Article 5 The main contents of publicity and education on the rule of law include:
(1) Xi Jinping's Thought on the Rule of Law;
(2) The provisions, principles, and spirit of the Constitution;
(3) The principles of the rule of law, legal systems, and basic legal knowledge;
(4) The practice and achievements of comprehensively advancing the rule of law;
(5) Socialist legal culture and outstanding traditional Chinese legal culture;
(6) Other content that should be included in publicity and education on the rule of law.
Article 6 The State formulates a national plan for publicity and education on the rule of law.
Provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, in accordance with the national plan for publicity and education on the rule of law, formulate relevant plans for their respective administrative regions in light of their actual conditions.
Article 7 The judicial administration department of the State Council shall be in charge of the national publicity and education on the rule of law. The judicial administration departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of the publicity and education on the rule of law in their respective administrative regions.
All departments of the central and state organs shall incorporate publicity and education on the rule of law into the overall deployment of legal construction of their respective departments and systems and organize its implementation.
Article 8 State organs and armed forces, all political parties and mass organizations, and institutions shall organize and carry out publicity and education on the rule of law in combination with their respective responsibilities.
Enterprises, other organizations, and individuals are encouraged and supported to carry out and participate in publicity and education on the rule of law.
Article 9 State organs shall implement the responsibility system for popularizing the law in the spirit of "whoever enforces the law shall popularize the law" (谁执法谁普法).
Article 10 The State shall strengthen publicity and education on the rule of law involving foreign affairs, enhance the international communication capacity of the legal culture, and actively expound the concepts, propositions, and successful practices of the rule of law with Chinese characteristics involving foreign affairs.
The State encourages and supports international exchanges and cooperation in publicity and education on the rule of law.
Article 11 Publicity and education on the rule of law shall abide by the Constitution and laws, observe public order, and respect social ethics.
Article 12 Units and individuals who have made outstanding achievements in publicity and education on the rule of law shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with relevant state regulations.
Chapter II Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law in Society
Article 13 The State shall strengthen the publicity and education of the Constitution, promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of the publicity and education of the Constitution, enhance the constitutional awareness of the whole society, promote the constitutional spirit, and strengthen the implementation of the Constitution.
December 4 every year is the National Constitution Day, and the State carries out constitutional publicity and education activities in various forms.
Article 14 The State shall strengthen the publicity and education of the Constitution and the Basic Laws of the Special Administrative Regions, and enhance the awareness of compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (香港特别行政区) and compatriots in the Macao Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区) to safeguard the constitutional order of the Special Administrative Regions as determined by the Constitution and the Basic Laws.
Article 15 The State shall carry out national security legal publicity and education in various forms to enhance the national security awareness of all citizens.
Article 16 The State shall use major festivals and anniversaries, combined with the promulgation and implementation of laws and regulations, to organize mass legal publicity and education activities, continue to carry out comprehensive law popularization for all citizens in depth, promote the integration of legal publicity and education into legal practice, grassroots governance, and daily life, and establish the basic legal concepts of the supremacy of the Constitution and laws and equality before the law for everyone in the whole society.
Article 17 The organs formulating laws and regulations shall strengthen the publicity and interpretation of the entire legislative process, actively take various forms to release information, introduce situations, and respond to concerns; expand social participation through public solicitation of opinions, holding symposiums, demonstration meetings, and hearings, and establishing grassroots legislative liaison points, and organically combine legislation with legal publicity and education.
Article 18 Administrative organs shall integrate legal publicity and education into daily management, service, law enforcement, and dispute resolution processes, and carry out legal publicity and education by comprehensively using methods such as explaining the law and reasoning, guiding responses, guiding demonstrations, organizing hearings, and releasing and interpreting typical cases.
Article 19 Supervisory organs, judicial organs, procuratorial organs, etc., shall integrate legal publicity and education into the case handling process, and combine their respective responsibilities to carry out legal publicity and education by using methods such as legally open trials of cases, explaining the law and reasoning in legal documents, and releasing and interpreting typical cases.
Article 20 Ethnic affairs departments shall carry out legal publicity and education with the main line of forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, promote ethnic unity and progress, enhance the cohesion of the Chinese nation, and promote the construction of the Chinese national community.
Article 21 Religious affairs departments shall strengthen legal publicity and education, and guide religious figures and religious believers to consciously safeguard the authority of the Constitution and laws and carry out activities within the scope prescribed by laws and regulations.
Article 22 Cyberspace administration, telecommunications, public security and other departments shall strengthen legal publicity and education for network service providers and network users, guide them to consciously abide by laws and regulations, respect social ethics, and create a civilized and safe network environment.
Article 23 Emergency management, health, public security and other departments shall organize and carry out legal publicity and education on natural disasters, accident disasters, public health incidents and social security incidents, and promote the whole society to improve the ability to prevent and respond to emergencies.
Article 24 Civil affairs, human resources and social security and other departments shall carry out targeted legal publicity and education according to the needs and characteristics of groups such as the elderly, the disabled, and migrant workers, and improve their awareness and ability to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law.
When carrying out legal publicity and education for the elderly and the disabled, barrier-free information exchange methods such as voice, large characters, Braille, and sign language shall be adopted simultaneously when conditions permit.
Article 25 People's governments at all levels shall strengthen grassroots legal publicity and education, support, guide and help villagers' committees and residents' committees to carry out legal publicity and education, and guide villagers and residents to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, express their demands, and resolve disputes in accordance with the law.
Article 26 People's governments at all levels shall, according to the development needs of the new economy and new fields, strengthen legal publicity and education for relevant organizations and personnel, and guide them to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests and perform their statutory obligations in accordance with the law.
Article 27 Trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women's federations, federations of industry and commerce, law societies, disabled persons' federations and other mass organizations shall carry out legal publicity and education within the scope of their respective responsibilities.
Article 28 Industry associations, chambers of commerce, etc., shall strengthen legal publicity and education for their members, improve their members' ability to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests and prevent legal risks, and improve the level of legalization of industry governance.
Article 29 Enterprises shall strengthen legal education and training for their employees, establish and implement a system for management personnel to study and apply the law, and improve the level of legalization of management.
Article 30 Legal service institutions and legal service workers shall combine their work to carry out legal publicity and education when providing legal services and mediating and handling disputes.
Article 31 Operators and managers of public places shall, in accordance with the law, carry out legal publicity and education in the places they operate and manage, focusing on issues of public concern such as consumer rights protection, anti-telecom network fraud, food and drug safety, fire safety, personal information protection, and product liability.
Network service providers shall, in accordance with the law, carry out legal publicity and education for employees and network users.
Financial institutions shall, in accordance with the law, carry out legal publicity and education for staff and customers.
Article 32 The State shall strengthen legal publicity and education for enterprises engaged in overseas investment cooperation and foreign aid, as well as people going abroad, provide foreign-related legal services, and guide them to abide by the laws of our country and local laws, and prevent and respond to legal risks.
Chapter III Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law for State Functionaries
Article 33 The State shall strengthen constitutional publicity and education for state functionaries. State functionaries shall strengthen the study of the Constitution, establish constitutional awareness, abide by constitutional principles, promote the constitutional spirit, and fulfill the constitutional mission.
The State implements a constitutional oath system to demonstrate the authority of the Constitution and encourage and educate state functionaries to be loyal to the Constitution, abide by the Constitution, and safeguard the Constitution.
Article 34 State functionaries shall take the lead in respecting, studying, abiding by, and applying the law, establish the legal concept of performing their duties in accordance with the law, and improve their ability to use legal thinking and methods to deepen reform, promote development, resolve conflicts, maintain stability, and respond to risks.
Article 35 When recruiting state functionaries, relevant legal knowledge shall be included in the recruitment examination content.
Article 36 Improve the daily law study system for state functionaries. The units where state functionaries are located shall take various forms to carry out legal education according to the nature and characteristics of their work.
Relevant departments shall include legal education in the education and training plans for state functionaries.
Article 37 Implement a list system of intra-Party regulations and laws and regulations that leading cadres should know and be able to apply.
Relevant departments and units shall include the Constitution and laws and regulations closely related to the performance of their duties in the list of laws and regulations that leading cadres should know and be able to apply, and dynamically adjust them.
Article 38 Strengthen supervision of the study and application of law by leading cadres. The study and application of law by leading cadres shall be included in the annual duty report in accordance with regulations.
Chapter IV Publicity and Education on the Rule of Law for Adolescents and Children
Article 39 The State, society, schools, and families shall strengthen coordination and cooperation, carry out legal publicity and education for adolescents and children according to their physical and mental characteristics and growth needs, popularize the legal knowledge necessary for adolescents and children in family life, school study, and social activities, educate and guide adolescents and children to establish awareness of abiding by the law, rules, integrity, and preventing illegal and criminal activities, consciously abide by legal provisions, regulate their own behavior, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and respect the legitimate rights and interests of others.
Article 40 Education administrative departments shall integrate legal education into all stages of school education, clarify the legal education goals, content, and evaluation requirements of schools of all levels and types, promote legal practice teaching and case teaching, integrate legal education content into relevant textbooks, and include legal literacy in the scope of students' comprehensive quality evaluation.
Education administrative departments shall strengthen the training and training of legal education teachers and establish a stable team of full-time or part-time legal education teachers.
Education administrative departments shall strengthen the coordination and guidance of various legal publicity and education activities in schools.
Article 41 Schools of all levels and types shall offer legal education courses and use places such as adolescent legal education practice bases to carry out legal practice education. Primary and secondary schools shall appoint legal vice-principals as required, and equip teachers who have received professional training or have been specially trained and are competent for legal education tasks, and may hire off-campus legal instructors.
Schools of all levels and types shall integrate legal publicity and education into school education and daily management, carry out various forms of legal theme education, and strengthen the construction of campus legal culture.
Article 42 Judicial organs, procuratorial organs, as well as public security, judicial administration and other departments, lawyer associations and other social organizations shall support schools to carry out legal education in accordance with education and teaching plans, provide legal practice education resources, and support education administrative departments and schools to develop legal education courses.
Article 43 Parents or other guardians of minors shall raise their awareness and ability to conduct legal education for minors, and educate minors to enhance their self-protection awareness and develop law-abiding behavior habits in light of the physical and mental development characteristics of minors of different ages.
Article 44 Network service providers shall, in accordance with the law, carry out network legal publicity and education for minors, fulfill the obligation to protect minors on the network, guide minors to develop civilized network behavior habits, and create a network environment conducive to the physical and mental health of minors.
Chapter V Guarantees and Supervision
Article 45 People's governments at or above the county level shall incorporate legal publicity and education into the overall deployment of legal construction in their respective regions, and into the construction of spiritual civilization and safe construction.
Article 46 Judicial administration departments shall, in conjunction with relevant departments and units, strengthen the construction of a talent team for legal publicity and education, and carry out training in layers and categories.
Judicial administration departments shall cultivate personnel with good legal literacy and grassroots work experience among the grassroots masses who can play a demonstrative role, guide and support them to actively carry out legal publicity and education, and take the lead in participating in legal practice.
Article 47 Judicial administration departments shall promote the construction of an expert database for legal publicity and education, select and hire outstanding legal talents to form a popular law lecture group, and organize and carry out legal publicity activities. Other departments may, according to their needs, build an expert database or lecture group for legal publicity and education with the characteristics of departmental work.
State functionaries, personnel engaged in legal education and research, law students, and personnel engaged in legal service work are encouraged and supported to carry out popular law volunteer services and participate in legal consultation, legal lectures and other activities carried out by relevant departments and units.
Article 48 The State encourages and supports theoretical research on legal publicity and education, and strengthens the training of talents in legal communication, legal culture, and other related fields.
Article 49 The State improves the media public interest law popularization system, and guides newspapers, periodicals, radio, television and other news media and network service providers to fulfill their public interest law popularization responsibilities and carry out public interest legal publicity and education.
Newspapers, periodicals, radio, television and other news media and network service providers shall strengthen legal publicity and education by opening legal columns and topics, publishing legal public service advertisements, and reporting legal news.
Article 50 Culture and tourism, news and publication, radio and television, film, cyberspace administration and other departments shall strengthen the construction of legal culture, and encourage and support the creation, production, publicity and promotion of excellent legal literary and artistic works, publications, radio and television, films and online audio-visual works.
Article 51 People's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen the protection and utilization of cultural heritage such as legal culture-related cultural relics, publicize the deeds and spirit of representative figures, promote socialist legal culture, and promote the creative transformation and innovative development of outstanding traditional Chinese legal culture.
Fifty-second: People's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with territorial space planning, make overall plans and construct rule of law culture venues in light of local conditions, and reflect the elements of the rule of law in the construction of public facilities and the utilization of public space.
The judicial administration department shall establish a directory of rule of law culture venues and publish it to the public.
Fifty-third: Departments and units with the responsibility of publicizing and educating on the rule of law shall accurately carry out publicity and education on the rule of law according to the legal needs of different regions, industries, and groups, adopt lively, easy-to-understand, and popular forms and methods, give play to the exemplary role of figures of the rule of law and people who act bravely for justice, and tell the stories of the Constitution of China and the rule of law in China well, so as to enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of publicity and education on the rule of law, and resolutely guard against formalism.
Fifty-fourth: Encourage innovation in the forms and methods of publicity and education on the rule of law, and support the use of new platforms, new technologies, new products, and barrier-free methods to carry out publicity and education on the rule of law.
The content of publicity and education on the rule of law shall be accurate and clear, so as to avoid misleading the public.
Fifty-fifth: People's governments at or above the county level shall include the funds for publicity and education on the rule of law in the budget at the same level, strengthen fund management, improve the efficiency of fund use, and ensure the needs of publicity and education on the rule of law.
State organs, mass organizations, and institutions shall reasonably arrange funds to ensure the development of publicity and education on the rule of law.
The state encourages and guides social funds to participate in the publicity and education of the rule of law, and strengthens management in accordance with the law.
Fifty-sixth: The judicial administration department organizes the assessment of the implementation of the publicity and education plan on the rule of law, and publishes the assessment results to the public to accept social supervision.
Fifty-seventh: If the judicial administration department of the people's government at or above the county level finds that the department or unit at the same level that has the responsibility of publicizing and educating on the rule of law fails to perform its duties of publicizing and educating on the rule of law in accordance with the law, it shall promptly issue a popularization of law reminder. After receiving the popularization of law reminder, the relevant department or unit shall promptly take improvement measures and provide feedback on the relevant situation.
Fifty-eighth: The standing committees of the people's congresses at all levels shall strengthen the supervision of the publicity and education of the rule of law through listening to and deliberating on special work reports, law enforcement inspections, special inquiries, and special investigations.
The people's governments at or above the county level shall report the work of publicity and education on the rule of law to the standing committees of the people's congresses at the same level and accept supervision in accordance with the law.
Chapter VI Legal Responsibility
Fifty-ninth: If the judicial administration department of the people's government at or above the county level fails to perform its duties of publicizing and educating on the rule of law in accordance with the law, the people's government at the same level or the judicial administration department at a higher level shall order it to make corrections within a time limit; if it fails to make corrections within the time limit, it shall be criticized in a circular; if the circumstances are serious, the leading personnel and directly responsible personnel shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.
If the relevant department or unit fails to take timely improvement measures after receiving the popularization of law reminder, it shall be criticized in a circular; if the circumstances are serious, the leading personnel and directly responsible personnel shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.
Sixtieth: If the regulations on the management of funds for publicity and education on the rule of law are violated, the relevant competent department shall order corrections within a time limit; if the circumstances are serious, the leading personnel and directly responsible personnel shall be given sanctions in accordance with the law.
Sixty-first: Whoever encroaches on or damages the facilities for publicity and education on the rule of law, or damages exhibits and equipment, shall be ordered by the relevant competent department to make corrections within a time limit and shall be given criticism and education.
Sixty-second: Whoever violates the provisions of this Law to carry out publicity and education on the rule of law and causes adverse social impact shall be stopped by the relevant competent department and given criticism and education.
Sixty-third: Whoever violates the provisions of this Law and causes damage to others shall bear civil liability in accordance with the law; if it constitutes a violation of public security administration, he shall be given public security administration punishment in accordance with the law; if it constitutes a crime, he shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the law.
Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions
Sixty-fourth: The Chinese People's Liberation Army (中国人民解放军) and the Chinese People's Armed Police Force (中国人民武装警察部队) shall carry out publicity and education on the rule of law in accordance with this Law and the relevant regulations of the Central Military Commission (中央军事委员会).
Sixty-fifth: This Law shall come into force on November 1, 2025.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (新华社北京电))
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on November 18th (Reporter Chen Xirui (陈熙芮)) – Director-General Liu Jinsong (刘劲松) of the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs held consultations with Director-General Masaaki Kanai (金井正彰) of the Asian and Oceanian Affairs Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Beijing on the morning of the 18th. Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning (毛宁) introduced the relevant situation at the regular press conference that day.
Mao Ning (毛宁) stated that during the consultations, the Chinese side lodged another solemn representation with the Japanese side regarding the erroneous remarks about China made by Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi (高市早苗), pointing out that Takaichi's (高市早苗) fallacies seriously violate international law and the basic norms of international relations, severely undermine the post-war international order, seriously violate the one-China principle and the spirit of the four political documents between China and Japan, fundamentally damage the political foundation of China-Japan relations, and are extremely egregious in nature and impact, arousing public outrage and condemnation from the Chinese people.
"The Chinese side solemnly urges the Japanese side to retract its erroneous remarks, stop creating disturbances on issues involving China, take practical actions to admit and correct its mistakes, and safeguard the political foundation of China-Japan relations," Mao Ning (毛宁) said.
Return to TopPeople's Daily, Beijing, November 18th (Reporter Chen Xirui (陈熙芮)) Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning (毛宁) stated on November 18th that the root cause of the current situation in China-Japan relations lies in the Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's (高市早苗) blatant erroneous remarks regarding Taiwan, which constitute a crude interference in China's internal affairs. The Japanese side must immediately retract its erroneous remarks, deeply reflect, 改弦更张 (gǎi xián gēng zhāng - "change strings, replace soundboard," to make radical changes or reforms), and give the Chinese people a clear explanation.
At the regular press conference that day, a reporter asked: Recently, China has been intensively criticizing Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's (高市早苗) erroneous remarks regarding Taiwan. Some commentators believe that China-Japan relations are sliding towards their lowest point in recent years. How does the spokesperson view the future direction of China-Japan relations?
Mao Ning (毛宁) said that the root cause of the current situation in China-Japan relations lies in Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's (高市早苗) blatant erroneous remarks regarding Taiwan, which constitute a crude interference in China's internal affairs, seriously violate the one-China principle and the spirit of the four political documents between China and Japan, and undermine the political foundation of China-Japan relations.
"China's position on safeguarding its core interests and defending international justice has not changed in the slightest. The Japanese side must immediately retract its erroneous remarks, deeply reflect, 改弦更张 (gǎi xián gēng zhāng - "change strings, replace soundboard," to make radical changes or reforms), and give the Chinese people a clear explanation," Mao Ning (毛宁) said.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on November 18th (Reporter Chen Xirui (陈熙芮)) In response to recent statements by several Japanese officials indicating that Japan intends to restore military ranks such as "Colonel" from the old Japanese army, Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning (毛宁) stated on November 18th that forgetting war is dangerous, and being bellicose leads to ruin. We will never allow Japanese militarism to revive, never allow anyone to challenge the post-war international order, and never allow world peace and stability to be undermined again.
At the regular press conference that day, a reporter asked: According to reports, several Japanese officials have recently stated that Japan is planning to revise the names of the Self-Defense Forces' ranks and intends to restore military ranks such as "Colonel" from the old Japanese army. Media commentators have said that this will break the long-standing practice of the Japanese Self-Defense Forces downplaying their military character, and for the people of countries that have suffered from Japanese colonial aggression, it is like rubbing salt into historical wounds. What is the spokesperson's comment on this?
"Due to its history of colonialism and aggression, Japan's military and security trends have always been of concern to its Asian neighbors and the international community," Mao Ning (毛宁) said. The Potsdam Proclamation clearly stipulates that Japan is "prohibited from rearming," and the Japanese Peace Constitution also establishes the principle of "exclusively defense-oriented." What is alarming, however, is that Japan has significantly adjusted its security policy in recent years, increasing its defense budget year by year, relaxing restrictions on arms exports, seeking to develop offensive weapons, and attempting to abandon the "Three Non-Nuclear Principles." Japanese right-wing forces are trying hard to break through the constraints of the Peace Constitution and are going further and further down the road of strengthening the military and expanding armaments.
Mao Ning (毛宁) stated that the war of aggression launched by Japanese militarism brought profound disasters to Asia and the world. 忘战必危 (wàng zhàn bì wēi - "forget war surely danger," forgetting the lessons of war invites danger) and 好战必亡 (hào zhàn bì wáng - "love war surely perish," being bellicose leads to self-destruction). The lessons of history must not be forgotten, distorted, or erased. Today, we will never allow Japanese militarism to revive, never allow anyone to challenge the post-war international order, and never allow world peace and stability to be undermined again.
Return to Top(People's Daily, Beijing, November 18th) (Reporter Chen Xirui (陈熙芮)) In response to Japan's "solemn protest through diplomatic channels" regarding Chinese Coast Guard vessels patrolling the waters around the Diaoyu Islands (钓鱼岛), Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning (毛宁) stated at a regular press conference on November 18th that the Diaoyu Islands (钓鱼岛) and their affiliated islands are China's inherent territory. It is legitimate, lawful, and **天经地义** (tiān jīng dì yì - "heaven-ordained and earth-granted," perfectly justified) for Chinese Coast Guard vessels to patrol and enforce the law in China's territorial waters. China does not accept the unreasonable representations made by Japan and has rejected them on the spot and made counter-representations.
"China demands that Japan abide by the four-point principled consensus between China and Japan, respect China's territorial sovereignty, refrain from interfering with the Chinese Coast Guard's patrol and law enforcement activities, and refrain from taking any actions that may lead to an escalation of the situation," Mao Ning (毛宁) said.
Return to Top(People's Daily, Beijing, November 18th) (Reporter Chen Xirui (陈熙芮)) Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Mao Ning (毛宁) stated on November 18th that correctly approaching history is the cornerstone of safeguarding the post-war international order. China and Europe should jointly promote a correct view of the history of World War II, safeguard the achievements of victory in World War II and the international order with the United Nations as its core, and work together to make greater contributions to world peace and development.
At the regular press conference that day, a reporter asked: Recently, the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Josep Borrell, stated in a written reply to a relevant inquiry from a Member of the European Parliament that the Chinese people suffered enormous hardships in World War II to defend their homeland and end the war. On the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the end of the war in the Asian theater of World War II, the EU pays tribute to the courage of the Chinese people. What is China's comment on this?
Mao Ning (毛宁) said that China has taken note of the relevant statement by High Representative Borrell. As the main Eastern battlefield of World War II, China made an indelible and important contribution to the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War 80 years ago with huge national sacrifices. This historical fact has been recorded in history and is recognized by the international community.
"Correctly approaching history is the cornerstone of safeguarding the post-war international order," Mao Ning (毛宁) said. China and Europe should jointly promote a correct view of the history of World War II, safeguard the achievements of victory in World War II and the international order with the United Nations as its core, and work together to make greater contributions to world peace and development.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Tokyo, November 18th (Reporters Li Ziyue (李子越) and Chen Ze'an (陈泽安)) Following the public opposition of the governors of Okinawa Prefecture (冲绳县) and Nagasaki Prefecture (长崎县) on the 17th to Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's (高市早苗) attempt to revise the "Three Non-Nuclear Principles," the governor of Hiroshima Prefecture (广岛县) and the mayor of Nagasaki City (长崎市) also expressed their opposition on the 18th.
Hiroshima Prefecture Governor Hidehiko Yuzaki (汤崎英彦) stated at a press conference on the 18th that Hiroshima (广岛), as the first place in human history to suffer an atomic bombing, the "Three Non-Nuclear Principles" should be adhered to. He said that relying on nuclear weapons for security is dangerous, and the government should strive to seek to get rid of nuclear deterrence.
Nagasaki City Mayor Shiro Suzuki (铃木史朗) also told the media on the 18th that Sanae Takaichi's (高市早苗) attempt to revise the "Three Non-Nuclear Principles" will strengthen Japan's reliance on nuclear deterrence. The "Three Non-Nuclear Principles" have always been regarded as Japan's national policy and must be strongly demanded that the government adhere to them.
The "Three Non-Nuclear Principles" refer to not possessing, not manufacturing, and not introducing nuclear weapons. In 1967, then-Japanese Prime Minister Eisaku Sato (佐藤荣作) proposed the "Three Non-Nuclear Principles" when speaking in the Diet. This principle was adopted at a plenary session of the House of Representatives of Japan in 1971 and became the basic policy of the Japanese government on nuclear weapons. In 2022, the "Three Security Documents" passed by the Japanese government also clearly stated that the basic policy of adhering to the "Three Non-Nuclear Principles" will not change. However, according to Japanese media reports, Takaichi (高市) is attempting to revise the principle of not introducing nuclear weapons in the "Three Security Documents" such as the revised "National Security Strategy," which has aroused strong concerns in Japan.
Return to TopThe 15th National Games is past the halfway point, leaving many wonderful moments. Athletes strive hard and engrave their names with sweat; staff and volunteers selflessly dedicate themselves, using their hearts and emotions to create "gold medal" service; taking the National Games as an opportunity, competitive sports and mass sports complement each other, converging into a sonata for the construction of a strong sports nation.
Sports carry the dream of national prosperity and the rejuvenation of the nation. The 15th National Games uses sports as a bridge and events as a medium to closely connect Guangdong (粤), Hong Kong (港), and Macao (澳), which share the same culture, have close personal ties, and similar folk customs, stimulating the vitality of regional integrated development and making the Greater Bay Area more attractive.
(People's Daily reporter He Linping (贺林平))
Return to TopBy: 袁红英
The modernization of the industrial system is the material and technological foundation of Chinese-style modernization. The "Suggestions of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" (hereinafter referred to as the "Suggestions"), adopted by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, places "building a modern industrial system and consolidating and strengthening the foundation of the real economy" as the first strategic task and makes important arrangements, reflecting the continuity of the Party Central Committee's strategic planning and the accuracy of its guiding principles. Building a modern industrial system requires not only scientific guidance from the government and increased policy support, but also regulation by market mechanisms and continuous innovation by micro-entities such as enterprises. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must adhere to the combination of an effective market and a capable government, and promote the complementary advantages and common development of various ownership economies." The important principles that must be followed for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, as defined in the "Suggestions," include "adhering to the combination of an effective market and a capable government." The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for laying the foundation and fully exerting efforts to basically achieve socialist modernization, and the task of building a modern industrial system and consolidating and strengthening the foundation of the real economy is even more arduous. To thoroughly implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, we must promote a better combination of an effective market and a capable government, give full play to the superiority of our system, and create a new situation in the construction of a modern industrial system during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
Adhering to the combination of an effective market and a capable government is an inherent requirement for building a modern industrial system.
How to understand and handle the relationship between the government and the market is the core issue of a market economy and a global challenge. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "On the issue of the role of the market and the role of the government, we must talk about dialectics and two-point theory, and both the 'invisible hand' and the 'visible hand' must be used well," profoundly revealing the relationship between the two, which cannot be neglected and is dialectically unified. Since the new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has profoundly summarized the experience and laws of global economic development, creatively proposed to give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, better play the role of the government, and promote a better combination of an effective market and a capable government, pushing our Party's understanding of the laws of socialist market economic construction to a new height.
The modern industrial system is an important part of the modern economic system and an important symbol of achieving economic modernization. The modern industrial system that our country wants to build is supported by technological innovation, firmly grasping the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation waves such as artificial intelligence, adapting to the requirements of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, and efficiently gathering global innovation elements. At the same time, China's modern industrial system focuses on the real economy, adheres to the integrated development of the three industries, maintains and continuously enhances the advantages of a complete industrial system and strong supporting capabilities, and has the characteristics of completeness, advancement, and safety, and is an important carrier for achieving high-quality development. In this sense, the process of building a modern industrial system is the process of promoting the leap of traditional productive forces to advanced productive forces, and handling the relationship between the government and the market is very important in this process.
Giving play to the role of an effective market can promote the vitality and efficiency of the modern industrial system. Market determination of resource allocation is a general law of the market economy, and its positive role in building a modern industrial system is mainly reflected in three aspects. From the perspective of driving force, the completeness, advancement, and safety of the modern industrial system fundamentally stem from high-level self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology. The market is a "catalyst" for promoting technological innovation, prompting enterprises to increase R&D investment and promote technological iteration through mechanisms such as profit orientation and competitive pressure, which can further consolidate the technological foundation for the construction of a modern industrial system. From the perspective of support, the real economy is the foundation of the modern industrial system. The market guides factors of production such as capital and technology to lean towards the real economy through price mechanisms, competition mechanisms, etc., focusing on promoting the quality improvement and upgrading of traditional industries, the cultivation and expansion of emerging industries, and the forward-looking layout of future industries, which can comprehensively enhance the competitive advantages and development momentum of the real economy. From the perspective of sustainability, people are the element resources with subjective initiative in the construction of a modern industrial system. Giving play to the role of the market mechanism can not only adjust the balance between supply and demand of human resources and improve the adaptability of talents to economic and social development, but also create new occupations and new positions in line with the times, expand the breadth and depth of human resource allocation, and enhance the vitality of economic innovation and development. In general, giving play to the role of the market in technological research and development direction, route selection, and factor allocation can promote the gathering of high-quality factors of production towards the construction of a modern industrial system.
Giving play to the role of a capable government can provide important guarantees for the development and security of the modern industrial system. Giving play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation does not mean letting the market play all roles. It should be seen that the market is not omnipotent, and there are natural failures in areas such as industrial layout, public product supply, and market order maintenance. The government must adhere to doing something and not doing something, and make up for the areas where market failures and inability are involved. Specifically, in the face of global industrial chain restructuring and intensified technological competition, the government focuses on long-term goals to clarify the direction of industrial development, and at the same time guides and strengthens basic research, which is conducive to solving the "bottleneck" problem of key core technologies and ensuring that the initiative in building a modern industrial system is in our own hands; in the field of public services, the government provides infrastructure, public products, institutional policies, etc. for industrial development, which can create a good atmosphere and environment for the construction of a modern industrial system; in terms of market construction, the government strengthens market supervision and improves the legal system to combat monopolies and unfair competition, which can ensure that market vitality is fully released within a standardized framework. The more standardized the government's behavior, the more effective the market's role. "Being capable" is by no means excessive intervention, but rather following market laws, being in place without being absent, and filling in the gaps in areas where the market cannot effectively play its role, forming an economic order that is both "flexible" and "well-managed."
In general, the combination of an effective market and a capable government is a reflection of the adaptation of productive forces and production relations. An effective market represents the objective trend of productive forces pursuing efficient allocation of resources and continuous promotion of innovation, and a capable government represents the active adjustment, institutional innovation, and strategic guidance of production relations in order to adapt to the development requirements of productive forces. Building a modern industrial system requires the combination of an effective market and a capable government to promote the smooth operation of various mechanisms related to industrial quality improvement and efficiency enhancement and efficient allocation of factors, which also reflects the organic unity of theoretical logic, historical logic, and practical logic. From the perspective of theoretical logic, as a major innovation in socialist political economy with Chinese characteristics, the application of the innovative achievement of combining an effective market and a capable government in the field of industrial development has formed a pattern of coordinated promotion of industrial system modernization with the market stimulating vitality and the government regulating order. From the perspective of historical logic, the combination of an effective market and a capable government condenses the achievements of China's institutional evolution from a planned economy to a planned commodity economy and then to a socialist market economy, promoting China's leap from "establishing an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system" to "the advantage of a complete industrial system," demonstrating a unique path of promoting the modernization of the industrial system through institutional reform and innovation. From the perspective of practical logic, the combination of an effective market and a capable government provides an institutional guarantee for the formation and development of new quality productive forces and the construction of a new type of production relations adapted to the modern industrial system, promoting the industrial system to move towards intelligence, greening, and integration, and realizing the leap in industrial energy levels and the optimization of quality and efficiency.
The combination of an effective market and a capable government injects strong impetus into the construction of a modern industrial system.
The "Suggestions" propose that "decisive progress should be made in ensuring the basic realization of socialist modernization" during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, which puts forward new and higher requirements for building a modern industrial system. At present, the construction of China's modern industrial system is advancing in a solid manner, but it also faces some risks and challenges. From an international perspective, affected by factors such as the profound adjustment of the international balance of power and the intensification of geopolitical conflicts, the global industrial chain and supply chain are accelerating their restructuring, and uncertainty has increased significantly; from a domestic perspective, problems such as inefficient allocation of factors, unsmooth connection between the innovation chain and the industrial chain, and insufficient regional coordination are still prominent. To cope with these challenges, we must adhere to the combination of an effective market and a capable government, and continuously inject strong impetus into the construction of a modern industrial system by consolidating and expanding advantages, breaking through bottlenecks and constraints, and strengthening weaknesses and shortcomings.
Unblocking the "blockages" in the operation of the market and improving the efficiency of industrial factor allocation. Achieving efficient allocation of factors is an important requirement for building a modern industrial system. The modernization of the industrial system depends critically on whether factors of production such as capital, labor, technology, and data can flow freely and be optimally combined between different industries in accordance with the principle of efficiency. Since the new era, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have issued the "Opinions on Building a More Complete System and Mechanism for Market-based Allocation of Factors" and the "Opinions on Building a Data Foundation System to Better Play the Role of Data Factors," providing institutional guarantees for promoting the free flow and optimal allocation of factors. However, in practice, due to factors such as information asymmetry, problems such as distortion of factor prices and misallocation of resources still exist, weakening the overall coordination and competitiveness of the industrial system. Adhering to the combination of an effective market and a capable government, and better playing the government's role of "being capable" without "overstepping" is the key to ensuring the "effectiveness" of the market. By improving the property rights protection and anti-monopoly regulatory system and maintaining a fair competition order, a healthy and orderly market environment can be created for the construction of a modern industrial system; by deepening the market-based reform of factors and breaking down institutional barriers that hinder the flow of innovative factors, the value creation potential of factors of production can be activated for the construction of a modern industrial system; by using market means such as tax incentives and carbon emission trading, promoting the concentration of resource factors in more efficient and advanced industrial fields can enhance the endogenous power for the construction of a modern industrial system.
Bridging the "breakpoints" between the innovation chain and the industrial chain and activating the endogenous energy of industrial development. The deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation is the core path to building a modern industrial system. Since the new era, our Party has adhered to placing technological innovation at the core of the overall national development situation, giving full play to the leading and driving role of technological innovation to promote industrial innovation, and injecting surging momentum into high-quality development. At the same time, it is necessary to see that the integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation in our country is not deep enough. For example, the transformation rate of scientific research results of universities and research institutes is not high, and some technological innovations remain in the laboratory stage; for another example, some enterprises are faced with the dilemma of not being able to find technology when there is demand and not being able to use technology when there is technology, and the phenomenon of "two skins" of technological research and development and market application has not been fundamentally reversed. Adhering to the combination of an effective market and a capable government, each performing its own duties and working together, can optimize the system and mechanism and promote the solution of this bottleneck constraint. The government clarifies key directions with strategic guidance, optimizes the innovation ecology with institutional construction, and integrates all parties with organizational coordination, the market explores the path to realization with demand as the orientation, links the two ends of production and research with enterprises as the main body, and accelerates the transformation of achievements with competition as the driving force, which can form an ecology in which the strategy sets the direction, the policy provides strong support, the market explores the path, the enterprise acts as the main body, and the society participates together, so that the industrial chain and the innovation chain are deeply integrated.
Resolving the "difficulties" of unbalanced regional development and promoting coordinated and linked industrial layout. The modern industrial system not only requires the optimization of the industrial structure, but also puts forward higher requirements for inter-regional division of labor and cooperation and factor coordination. In recent years, China has promoted the deep integration of regional coordinated development strategies, regional major strategies, and main functional area strategies, which has played an important role in optimizing the layout of major productive forces. For example, the development practice of regional major strategies such as the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta (长三角), and the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) shows that the government and the market work together with "two hands," which can promote the free flow of factors and promote the coordinated layout of the upstream and downstream of the industrial chain by strengthening top-level design and breaking market segmentation, thereby improving the modernization level of the industrial system. At the same time, it is necessary to see that there are still problems such as insufficient coordination, scattered layout, and redundant construction in the current regional industrial development in China. The market mechanism has advantages in identifying comparative advantages and promoting industrial division of labor, but it lacks effective momentum in promoting regional coordinated development, and the misallocation of resources will further increase the risk of spatial differentiation. Adhering to the combination of an effective market and a capable government, integrating regional development and industrial development, eliminating regional barriers, and building a unified national market, the market can coordinate resources and optimize allocation on a larger scale, and promote the formation of a regional layout of a modern industrial system with complementary advantages, differentiated development, and coordinated progress.
Finding the "balance point" between industrial security and opening up to the outside world and enhancing the resilience of industrial development. Building a modern industrial system in a complex and severe external environment requires seeking a dynamic balance between achieving independent control in key areas and deeply integrating into the global division of labor system. In this regard, relying solely on the spontaneous adjustment of market forces can easily lead to excessive dependence on external supply of key technologies and core components, and industrial security is vulnerable to the threat of technological blockade and the impact of supply chain fluctuations; excessive government intervention may weaken the motivation and efficiency of enterprises to participate in international competition and damage the overall competitiveness of the industrial system. To this end, it is necessary to promote the formation of a joint force between an effective market and a capable government to achieve an organic combination between ensuring the "bottom line" of national industrial security and embracing the "dividends" of international competition and cooperation. The government builds a "moat" for industrial security in the weak links of the market and steadily expands institutional opening up, which can create favorable conditions for enterprises to participate in the global industrial chain and supply chain. The market can enhance industrial vitality and resilience through resource allocation, competition forcing, and demand traction on a larger scale. The coexistence and mutual assistance of the two complement each other, so as to ensure that China's industrial system has sufficient strategic depth and safety buffer while actively integrating into the global industrial division of labor and enhancing international competitiveness.
Adhere to the coordinated efforts of "two hands" and implement the important deployment of building a modern industrial system.
The "Suggestions" require building a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone, and make specific deployments from optimizing and upgrading traditional industries, cultivating and expanding emerging industries and future industries, promoting high-quality and efficient development of the service industry, and building a modern infrastructure system. We must adhere to the coordinated efforts of "two hands" and ensure the smooth completion of the main goals of building a modern industrial system proposed in the "Suggestions" through a better combination of an effective market and a capable government.
Form a joint force in structural optimization and promote in-depth transformation and upgrading of industries. Promoting industrial structure optimization through improvements in technology, market, and management can provide important impetus for in-depth transformation and upgrading of industries. To this end, we must fully respect market laws, actively play the role of the government, and take intelligence, greening, and integration as the direction, so as to make concerted efforts and form a joint force. Mobilize the enthusiasm of market forces, continue to expand the space for the role of the market mechanism, promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, cultivate and expand strategic emerging industries and future industries, and lead industries to achieve energy level leaps at a higher level. Further clarify the boundary between the government and the market, based on making the real economy bigger and stronger, better play the role of the government, strengthen the directional guidance of industrial policies, improve the foresight, accuracy, and coordination of industrial policies, enrich and improve the policy toolbox, and improve the overall effectiveness of policies; deeply promote the implementation of fair competition policies, and create a market environment in which various business entities compete fairly and develop in competition.
In terms of factor allocation, form synergy to promote the efficient concentration of resources in key areas. Improving the quality and allocation efficiency of factors is an important support for building a modern industrial system. We must continue to promote the market-oriented reform of land, labor, capital, technology and other factors, and accelerate the construction of a high-standard market system. Promote healthy market competition, give play to the role of price signals, and guide the efficient flow of production factors to pillar industries, key industries, and emerging industries. Improve the basic market economic systems such as open and transparent property rights protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit, accelerate the establishment of a data factor market system and mechanism, and improve the systems for determining data property rights attribution, market transactions, and equity distribution. Promote the construction of a unified national market in depth, break down local protectionism and market segmentation, maintain a more open, fair, and just market order, create a first-class market-oriented, law-based, and international business environment, and promote the smooth flow of factor resources across industries and regions on a larger scale. These measures are conducive to further leveraging the role of the market and promoting the efficient concentration of resources in key areas.
In terms of promoting innovation, form synergy to cultivate and develop new quality productive forces. Scientific and technological innovation is the core element for building a modern industrial system and developing new quality productive forces. We must make good use of the market's competitive pressure transmission and economic interest-driven mechanisms, mobilize the enthusiasm and creativity of various business entities, stimulate the innovation potential of enterprises, increase the supply of high-quality technology, and promote the "innovation" of the industrial system with original and disruptive scientific and technological innovation; give play to the market's risk mechanism to encourage trial and error, and create an atmosphere that allows for mistakes and corrections. The government should focus on key areas and weak links, play a leading role in strengthening the tackling of key core technologies and basic research in key areas, strengthen support in scenario creation and large-scale application demonstrations, and actively play a role in the supply and service of public goods such as the upgrading of traditional infrastructure and the construction of new infrastructure, and apply innovative achievements to specific industries and industrial chains.
In terms of safe development, form synergy to consolidate and strengthen the advantages of my country's (我国) industrial system. Based on making the real economy bigger and stronger and consolidating the industrial foundation, give play to the role of an effective market, discover new technologies, new industries, new business formats, and new models in a timely manner, and cultivate new economic growth points. Grasp the development trend of the digital economy, promote digital industrialization and industrial digitization, promote the deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and manufacturing, accelerate the digital and intelligent transformation of manufacturing, and consolidate and enhance the leading position and competitive advantages of manufacturing. In terms of macroeconomic governance, the government must adhere to the equal emphasis on development and regulation, focus on the primary task of high-quality development, coordinate and promote reforms in key areas such as finance and taxation, resolve structural contradictions in key industries, build a solid bottom line for security and a line of defense against risks, and ensure the consistency of the orientation of various regulatory policies, so as to provide a stable and transparent policy environment for building a modern industrial system.
(The author is a researcher at the Shandong (山东) Base of the Shandong Academy of Social Sciences (山东社科院) of the Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Research Center (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心).)
Return to TopBy: 毕文俊 朱瑛辉
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must change our work style and writing style, humble ourselves, calm down, observe the real situation, tell the truth, and express true feelings, and strive to produce works with thought, warmth, and quality." Writing style is an important manifestation of work style. Improving writing style in the process of improving work style, and using the improvement of writing style to lead and promote the improvement of work style, is our party's fine tradition.
Speaking of "changing writing style," many people first think of "changing words." For example, some people say that changing writing style means not writing articles with unnecessary embellishments and abandoning empty and clichéd language; others say that the words should be carefully crafted and repeatedly polished to achieve clear expression and meaning; still others say that the length of articles should be shortened, the content of sentences should be made more substantial, and the expression of words should be innovated... These statements are all related to the requirements of "short, substantial, and new" for changing writing style, but they have not yet touched the essence and key of the writing style problem.
The writing style problem is essentially a work style problem. Writing articles for the sake of writing, issuing documents for the sake of issuing, without substantial content or solving practical problems, the root cause is the formalism in work style that has spawned a formalistic writing style. Changing writing style without addressing the change of work style, even if the words are "repeatedly scrutinized" and the manuscripts are "tempered and refined," will not only not help but may even be counterproductive. In some places and departments, the reason why changing writing style has become a long-standing and difficult problem is often because they only focus on writing style and do not grasp work style, narrowly equating "changing writing style" with "changing words."
Changing writing style cannot merely remain at the level of "changing words" and "changing manuscripts." It must be changed in the heart and in action, and the change of work style must promote the innovation of writing style. To achieve this, we must strengthen investigation and research. Some comrades are accustomed to "shutting" themselves in the office as "copyists" and "scissors," piecing together articles and materials, and picking up other people's ideas. How can they write articles that are substantive and have a lively writing style? Other comrades always reverse the "ten months of pregnancy" and "one day of delivery," often spending one or two days on investigation and research and ten days on closed-door creation when writing articles and materials. Although the words in the articles and materials written in this way look carefully crafted, the content can only be described as building castles in the air. Only by adhering to "walking, doing, speaking, and lecturing during the day, and reading, writing, and thinking at night," going all over the grassroots, thoroughly understanding the people's conditions, and accurately grasping the problems, can we grasp the true situation, generate true feelings, and obtain genuine materials, and then write good articles that are needed for the cause and loved by the masses.
Improving writing style focuses on promoting the transformation of the work style of government departments. The work style and writing style of individual cadres are largely influenced by the work ecology of the unit. To create a political ecology and work atmosphere that is conducive to changing work style and writing style, it is necessary to strictly implement the "Several Provisions on Rectifying Formalism to Reduce the Burden on the Grassroots" issued by the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央办公厅) and the General Office of the State Council (国务院办公厅), conduct a thorough review and major rectification of the problems existing in the work operation mechanism and development methods of government departments, and earnestly implement the work style requirements such as streamlining documents and meetings to reduce the burden, vigorously conducting investigation and research, and contacting and serving the masses, and truly solve the problems of "empty volumes" of words, "inflation" of articles, and "empty rotation" of documents.
To improve work style, correct academic style, and change writing style, Party member leading cadres must take the lead and set an example. On the one hand, they must take the lead in conducting more investigation and research, do more personal writing, and tell more truth and facts. On the other hand, they should clearly establish the employment orientation of speaking with practical work, practical achievements, and practical results, so that cadres can be both "pen-holders" and doers, and cultivate more composite cadres who are capable, able to write, and able to speak, and promote the formation of a good atmosphere in which one level leads another and each level changes work style and writing style.
Return to TopBy: 张 博
Ecological civilization construction is a millennium plan related to the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and build a comprehensive protection and management pattern from mountain tops to the ocean." Adhering to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and allowing a beautiful China to present a diversity of beauty, is an important measure to practice the concept that green mountains and clear waters are golden mountains and silver mountains, fully embodying the truth power and practical great power of Xi Jinping's (习近平) ecological civilization thought.
Marxism believes that things are universally connected, and the entire world is an interconnected and interacting whole. Only by viewing things with a universally connected, comprehensive, systematic, and developing perspective can we scientifically grasp the laws of development of things. Xi Jinping's (习近平) ecological civilization thought adheres to the Marxist stance, viewpoints, and methods, clarifying that ecological environment governance is a systematic project, and proposes the systematic idea that mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts are a community of life. To adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, we must deeply study and implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) ecological civilization thought, use systematic thinking to promote the construction of a beautiful China more collaboratively and efficiently, and achieve overall protection and systematic restoration of the ecosystem through optimizing top-level design, expanding practical paths, and strengthening scientific and technological support, with a unified plan, coordinated implementation, and integrated supervision, and effectively build a national ecological security barrier.
Strengthen overall coordination with top-level design. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must make overall plans, grasp key and decisive factors, grasp the rhythm and progress, and focus on consolidating and expanding advantages, breaking through bottlenecks and blockages, strengthening weaknesses and shortcomings, and improving quality and efficiency, and maintain consistency with overall goals." Ecology is a unified natural system, an organic chain that is interdependent and closely connected. In the ecosystem, various ecological elements are interdependent and interact with each other, forming an organic whole. To adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, we must take into account all aspects and implement systematic treatment. Strengthening top-level design can improve the ability to take into account all aspects. We must improve the ecological environment zoning control system covering the entire region, highlight the refined and differentiated control of the ecological environment, and integrate the protection of the atmosphere, water, soil, and biodiversity with reducing environmental risks and improving resource utilization into the "one map" of economic and social development planning, so as to better play the guiding role of ecological civilization construction. Improve the survey and monitoring systems in related fields such as forests, grasslands, rivers, lakes, wetlands, oceans, water resources, soil and water conservation, desertification, and rocky desertification, form a support system for ecological protection and restoration, promote better coordination of various ecological elements on mountains and under mountains, above ground and underground, land and ocean, and enhance regional development potential by improving the ecological environment. Explore cross-departmental collaboration mechanisms, break down institutional barriers, and establish a collaborative work platform for information sharing and shared responsibility, so as to provide a strong organizational guarantee for improving the ability to take into account all aspects.
Drive the overall work with major projects. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Focus on doing a good job in the implementation of major national strategies and the construction of security capabilities in key areas." Adhering to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts is inseparable from the support of major ecological projects with global, strategic, and fundamental significance. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core, and under the guidance of Xi Jinping's (习近平) ecological civilization thought, we have built a "three zones and four belts" ecological security barrier, implemented 52 integrated protection and restoration projects for mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, comprehensively promoted the construction of a natural protected area system with national parks as the main body, and implemented the Sanjiangyuan (三江源) ecological protection and construction project, the natural forest protection project, etc., and the diversity, stability, and sustainability of the ecosystem have steadily improved. To adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, we must focus on the implementation of major national strategies and the construction of security capabilities in key areas, scientifically design major ecological projects, and conscientiously organize the preliminary planning, feasibility studies, and key element guarantee plans such as land use, energy use, environmental impact assessment, and funding for key projects. Starting from the systematic, holistic, and coordinated nature of the ecosystem and its internal laws, focusing on enhancing the ecosystem's circulation capacity, finding the root causes of problems, deeply and systematically implementing major ecological projects, and promoting the "planning, construction, management, and operation" full life cycle and whole process management, so as to better drive overall protection, systematic restoration, and comprehensive management, and continuously improve the ecosystem service functions, and help continuously improve people's livelihood.
Improve the quality and efficiency of supervision with technological empowerment. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must always adhere to protecting the ecological environment with the strictest system and the strictest rule of law, and maintain constant external pressure." To adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, we must carry out ecological environment protection supervision work in strict accordance with the procedures and requirements stipulated in the "Regulations on Ecological Environment Protection Supervision Work," adhere to the problem-oriented approach, dare to be serious and tough, focus on key areas, key regions, and outstanding problems, consolidate the main responsibilities of local party committees and governments at all levels, promote the serious investigation and handling of various violations of ecological environment laws and regulations, and continuously release the effectiveness of ecological environment protection supervision, so that ecological environment law enforcement is more focused, more precise, and more powerful. Integrate cutting-edge technologies such as satellite remote sensing, drones, and ground sensors to establish a three-dimensional and intelligent monitoring network covering all elements of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and achieve dynamic monitoring and precise perception. Strengthen the research and application of artificial intelligence technology, deeply implant the technological gene into the "nerve endings" of ecological environment monitoring, strengthen the management, development, and utilization of ecological environment big data, promote data interconnection, sharing, and co-use, and promote the construction of an artificial intelligence-assisted decision-making system based on big data, so as to help build an ecological environment evaluation system covering all elements and reflecting systematicness, and realize ecological environment quality simulation prediction and intelligent early warning, and support scientific decision-making and precise policy implementation. With the spirit of seizing the day, the perseverance of long-term efforts, and the courage to stand at the forefront of the tide, we will increase the intensity of integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts through more effective ecological environment law enforcement and supervision, so that the mountains are greener, the waters are clearer, the forests are lusher, the fields are more fertile, the lakes are cleaner, the grasslands are richer, and the deserts are more stable, and strive to build a beautiful home with blue skies, green land, and clear waters.
(Author's unit: Marxist College, Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 姚雪青 李 蕊 郑洋洋 窦瀚洋
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal suggests promoting long-term care insurance, improving the care system for elderly people with disabilities and dementia, and expanding the supply of rehabilitation care and hospice care services.
In 2016, the state launched a pilot program for the long-term care insurance system. In 2020, the pilot program was steadily and orderly expanded to 49 cities... Over the past 9 years, the pilot program has generally progressed smoothly, and the phased goals have been basically achieved.
——Editor
Data shows that there are currently over 45 million elderly people with disabilities and dementia in China. Long-term care insurance helps address the social problem of "one person disabled, the whole family unbalanced" and brings hope to people with disabilities and their families.
How to purchase long-term care insurance and how to claim benefits? What services and guarantees can participants enjoy? What convenient measures are there for groups such as elderly people with disabilities?
Reimbursing a certain percentage of medical service fees to alleviate the pressure on families with disabled elderly people.
"Grandpa, do you feel better after the massage? It's time to inhale oxygen." Caregiver Chen Xiaoliang helped 82-year-old Wang Bao'an (王保安) sit up and put the oxygen tube under his nose. Wang Bao'an, who lives in the urban area of Jincheng (晋城) City, Shanxi (山西) Province, suffers from emphysema and other diseases, cannot walk normally, and his hands often tremble. The elderly man had previously participated in long-term care insurance and applied for long-term care insurance benefits in April 2024, choosing a combination of home and on-site care.
In January 2021, the long-term care insurance system in Jincheng City was officially launched. "As long as they are employees with Jincheng City household registration, participation is not limited by age or physical condition." Zhao Yirong (赵艺嵘), a fourth-level researcher at the Jincheng City Medical Insurance Bureau (晋城市医保局), introduced that those who have been in a state of disability for more than 6 months, whose condition is basically stable, and who need long-term care can apply for long-term care insurance benefits by submitting an application at the medical insurance service window in the jurisdiction or online. "As of now, the number of participants in long-term care insurance in Jincheng City has exceeded 560,000, with 5,145 people enjoying benefits and fund expenditures exceeding 84 million yuan." said Zhao Jinhui (赵锦会), director of the Jincheng City Medical Insurance Bureau.
In Ningbo (宁波), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, the number of long-term care insurance participants has exceeded 8.3 million, and the long-term care insurance system has brought convenience to nearly 50,000 people with severe disabilities and their families. The person in charge of the Long-term Care Insurance Department of the Ningbo Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau (宁波市医保局) introduced that participants in employee medical insurance and urban and rural resident medical insurance have been simultaneously included in the Ningbo long-term care insurance coverage, with unified funding standards and benefit levels, realizing urban-rural integration.
In Ningbo, after receiving applications, the medical insurance centers of each district (county, city) will arrange for professional assessment personnel to conduct on-site disability assessments. Those who are assessed as having severe disabilities of level one to three can enjoy corresponding long-term care insurance benefits in accordance with regulations. For those who choose institutional care, payment is made on a per-bed-day basis, with 40, 50, and 60 yuan per bed-day for the three levels of severe disability, respectively; for those who choose home care, benefits are enjoyed based on service hours, with 20, 25, and 30 hours of on-site care per month for the three levels of severe disability, respectively. The relevant expenses are directly settled by the medical insurance centers of each district (county, city) and designated institutions.
Qingdao (青岛), Shandong (山东) Province, is one of the cities in the country that entered an aging society earlier. The implementation of the long-term care insurance system has greatly alleviated the pressure on families with disabled elderly people.
"Thanks to long-term care insurance, caregivers can come to the door, and my wife can change the urinary catheter at home." said Yu Qin (于钦正), who lives in the Jimo (即墨) District of Qingdao. Yu's wife, Liu Aiying (刘爱英), suffered from cerebral infarction many years ago, resulting in physical disability. "Before, I had to go to the hospital to change the urinary catheter every two or three weeks. Every time I worried, I couldn't move it alone, and I had to ask the children to take time off to come back and help." Speaking of his previous experiences, Yu shook his head.
Since becoming a pilot city, Qingdao has gradually completed the exploration of long-term care insurance from employees to residents, from urban to rural areas, from disability to dementia, and from medical care to life care. Like Liu Aiying, as long as elderly people with disabilities normally participate in basic medical insurance, they do not need to go through separate long-term care insurance participation procedures. After a professional disability level assessment, they can enjoy long-term care insurance benefits in accordance with regulations if they reach a certain level. At present, the Qingdao long-term care insurance system has covered 9.39 million urban and rural participants, including 4.54 million employees and 4.85 million residents.
The medical service fees incurred by participants during the period of enjoying long-term care insurance benefits are reimbursed in proportion to the actual expenses incurred, while the life care fees are linked to the participant's participation category and disability assessment level. Ni Hehai (倪合海), an elderly man in Rizhuang (日庄) Town, Laixi (莱西) City, Qingdao, enjoyed long-term care insurance benefits. In the year before enjoying long-term care insurance benefits, his hospitalization expenses alone were as high as 60,000 yuan, of which he personally负担 (fù dān - "bear the burden," to be responsible for a cost) 35,000 yuan. After enjoying long-term care insurance benefits in 2021, the total medical and care expenses were 28,000 yuan, and his personal burden was 5,807.08 yuan. He also enjoyed 346 hours of on-site care services.
From medical care to life care, providing multi-level care services
People with disabilities need a full-chain care service from medical care to life care. Therefore, Qingdao City advocates that designated long-term care service institutions provide integrated care services of "medical care + life care" to meet the multi-level care needs of people with disabilities and dementia. Medical services include physician services, medicines and consumables, examinations and tests, oxygen inhalation, etc. Care services mainly include medical care provided by nurses, life care provided by caregivers, and functional maintenance provided by rehabilitation personnel. For home care services, Qingdao City focuses on clarifying 60 service items with strong technical content or that family members cannot complete independently.
In response to the common needs of people with severe disabilities for medical care, the Ningbo Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau, in collaboration with the Health and Health Department, optimized and upgraded the long-term care insurance system, and included 10 medical care services that people with disabilities often need, such as wound dressing changes, ostomy care, indwelling urinary catheter care, and peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) maintenance, into the long-term care insurance home service project.
In addition to stipulating 45 service contents in two major categories: basic life care and medical care, Jincheng also includes the rental costs of auxiliary equipment such as expensive and frequently used home care beds and multi-functional wheelchairs into the long-term care insurance payment scope. "Wang Daye's (王大爷) wheelchair and oxygen generator are rented, with a monthly rent of 300 yuan, of which 210 yuan can be reimbursed." Chen Xiaoliang introduced that suitable oxygen generators on the market are relatively expensive. The elderly man previously bought a relatively cheap one, but the power was not great. The rented one is now easy to use and cheap.
Low-age disabled people also need care.
"I want to drink water." Kangfushi (康复师 - "rehabilitation therapist") Bai Yuxing (白玉星) said these four words first, and Wenwen (文文) (pseudonym), a 4-year-old autistic patient, followed suit. Practicing repeatedly, Bai Yuxing not only paid attention to listening to what the child "said," but also carefully watched how he "said" it: how big the mouth opened, what the lip shape was, and where the tongue was placed. If the pronunciation was inaccurate, he used a tongue depressor to assist and exercise his bite force. Wenwen's family lives in Nanjing (南京), Jiangsu (江苏) Province. When her mother, Ms. Wang (王女士), sought medical treatment, she learned that Nanjing had introduced a special long-term care insurance guarantee policy for the special circumstances of low-age disabled children, providing on-site rehabilitation services. The economic problems, professional problems, and on-site problems that she was worried about were all taken into consideration by the policy.
"Long-term care service projects mainly include diet care, cleaning care, etc., which cannot accurately match the urgent rehabilitation training needs of low-age disabled children." Gu Liwei (谷立炜), a third-level chief staff member of the Benefit Guarantee Department of the Nanjing Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau (南京市医保局), said. In order to better guarantee the care needs of disabled children aged 0 to 6, Nanjing Medical Insurance innovatively added children's rehabilitation service projects, extending children's rehabilitation services from institutions to homes, helping them improve their daily living abilities and reduce the burden of family care.
Convenient services solve problems such as cross-regional participation
It is not uncommon to participate in insurance in a long-term workplace and return to one's hometown for retirement. Grandpa Zhou (周大爷), whose hometown is Changshu (常熟) City, Suzhou (苏州), Jiangsu Province, is 83 years old this year. He had been working and participating in employee medical insurance in Nanjing before retirement, and returned to Changshu after retirement. He suffers from diabetes, coronary heart disease, prostate cancer and other diseases. It is a heavy burden to hire someone to take care of him at his own expense or to be taken care of by his family.
In order to solve the problem of cross-regional care for disabled elderly people participating in insurance, Nanjing follows the principle of "policy of the place of participation, service of the place of residence." Through information sharing and inter-agency handling, starting from January 2025, it will pilot direct payment of long-term care insurance benefits for people living in other places in Suzhou and Nantong (南通), so as to ensure that people who need to live in other places for a long time due to elderly care, medical treatment, etc. can enjoy benefits in a timely manner nearby.
After receiving the application from Grandpa Zhou's family, China People's Property Insurance Co., Ltd. Nanjing Branch (中国人民财产保险股份有限公司南京分公司) arranged for Suzhou Zhongfu Health Elderly Care Assessment Co., Ltd. (苏州中福健康养老评估有限公司) to assess the elderly man's physical condition. After being assessed as having severe disabilities, Suzhou Fushoukang Elderly Care Service Co., Ltd. Changshu Kangyu Nursing Station (苏州福寿康养老服务有限公司常熟康虞护理站), a cooperative nursing institution in Suzhou, immediately arranged for professional caregivers to provide on-site services.
"It only took 16 days from submitting the application to on-site service. We don't have to run between the two places, and there are 30 hours of professional nursing services every month. At present, the elderly man's physical condition is very stable." said Grandpa Zhou's family. The elderly man can spend his old age in a familiar environment, which also reduces the burden on the family.
How to collect information in cross-regional services?
Gu Liwei introduced that Nanjing has upgraded and transformed the information system. People living in other places can fill out forms online and submit applications for disability level assessment. Offline service counters have also been opened in the local undertaking institutions to facilitate participants and their families to consult policies and handle business nearby.
After the application is submitted, the assessment agency in the place of residence conducts an assessment in accordance with the local long-term care insurance disability level assessment standards. Participants who are assessed as having a severe disability level can be included in the scope of long-term care insurance benefits. People with severe disabilities living in other places can choose to receive care services at home or in institutions, and the fund payment standard is implemented with reference to Nanjing City.
Elderly people with disabilities generally have difficulty moving around and do not often go online. How to facilitate their participation in insurance and subsequent communication? Qingdao City has opened two application channels: offline and online. If elderly people with disabilities need to apply for long-term care insurance benefits, their families can voluntarily choose a designated long-term care service institution nearby to submit an application. The institution will conduct a preliminary screening and submit an application for disability level assessment for eligible participants. After receiving the application, the assessment institution will arrange for an on-site assessment.
Elderly people with disabilities and their families can also submit applications for long-term care insurance benefits online. In order to facilitate elderly people to handle business online, a senior-friendly interface has been specially designed on the relevant WeChat applet to facilitate elderly people to view and handle relevant business. A "Care Service Map" convenient query function has also been set up to facilitate people with disabilities and their families to handle long-term care insurance business.
This issue is coordinated by: Min Fangzheng (闵方正)
Return to TopBy: 金维刚
Currently, China has more than 45 million elderly people who are disabled or have dementia, requiring long-term care from family members or related institutions. The long-term care insurance system is a social insurance system established to provide services or financial security for the basic living care and related medical care of disabled or dementia-affected individuals.
In June 2016, the General Office of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (人力资源社会保障部) issued the "Guiding Opinions on Carrying Out Pilot Projects for the Long-Term Care Insurance System," which identified 15 cities as pilot areas and designated Jilin (吉林) and Shandong (山东) provinces as key contact provinces to organize and carry out pilot explorations. In September 2020, the National Healthcare Security Administration (国家医保局), together with the Ministry of Finance (财政部), issued the "Guiding Opinions on Expanding the Pilot Projects for the Long-Term Care Insurance System," deciding to further expand the scope of the pilot projects.
As of the end of 2024, a total of 188 million people in 49 pilot cities across the country participated in long-term care insurance, with 1.4625 million people receiving benefits this year. The total long-term care insurance fund income in various pilot areas across the country was 24.415 billion yuan, and the total fund expenditure was 13.108 billion yuan.
The establishment of a long-term care insurance system can, to a large extent, share the long-term living care problems and the high costs of related medical care for disabled or dementia-affected individuals, thereby significantly reducing the economic burden on individuals or families, and is conducive to promoting the vigorous development of the elderly care service industry, especially the long-term care industry.
(The author is the Vice President of the China Association for Social Security Studies (中国社会保障学会) and the Deputy Dean of the National System Research Institute of Zhejiang University (浙江大学国家制度研究院). This article was compiled by Sun Xiuyan (孙秀艳), a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 曹玲娟
At 614 Lane, Fuzhou Road (福州路), Huangpu District (黄浦区), Shanghai (上海), there is a red sentry box facing the street, with two telephones placed in the window. This 4-square-meter public telephone booth has been operated by 83-year-old Shen Yuxiu (沈玉琇) for 32 years.
Every morning, she dips a cloth in alcohol and carefully wipes and disinfects the landline phones, placing them on the windowsill to start business from 9:30 a.m. to 8:30 p.m. "The price of calls has not changed for many years. Local calls in Shanghai (上海) are 4 jiao for 3 minutes, and long-distance calls are 2 jiao per minute. This month's turnover is 60 yuan," said Shen Yuxiu (沈玉琇).
Shen Yuxiu (沈玉琇) has a pension, and her children have also established their own careers. People around her often advise her: "The phone booth doesn't make much money, just close it." She shakes her head: "I don't rely on this to make money. Having a light on at night can also help pedestrians in case of emergency."
One day, Mr. Shen (沈先生) from Heilongjiang (黑龙江) came to the phone booth with his suitcase. He had just arrived in Shanghai (上海) and his mobile phone was out of power. He didn't expect there to be a public telephone booth on the street, which solved his 燃眉之急 (rán méi zhī jí - "burning eyebrows emergency," a matter of utmost urgency).
The street renovated the phone booth and also arranged for community security guards to be on duty here. One end of Fuzhou Road (福州路) leads to People's Square (人民广场), and the other end connects to the Bund (外滩). The phone booth is not far from the subway station. Not many people come to make calls, but many people ask for directions. "The phone booth is also a 'city window'. If pedestrians have questions, I answer them carefully, and other people's impression of Shanghai (上海) will be better," said Shen Yuxiu (沈玉琇).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李俊杰
In the 2025 "Data Element x" Competition Anhui Sub-competition final, the "Distributed Photovoltaic Data Operation Platform" independently developed by Anhui Qingxin Interconnection Information Technology Co., Ltd. (安徽清新互联信息科技有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "Qingxin Interconnection") stood out from more than 100 participating projects with its innovative value and application effectiveness, winning the Excellent Award in the Industrial Manufacturing Track.
Qingxin Interconnection focuses on providing integrated software and hardware solutions based on smart vision and IoT technology for the energy sector. Since its establishment in July 2014, the company's annual sales revenue has grown from nearly 5 million yuan to over 100 million yuan in 2024. "Our development today is inseparable from the continuous support of Huishang Bank (徽商银行)," said Ni Xiuming (尼秀明), General Manager of Qingxin Interconnection.
"Due to light assets and lack of collateral, technology companies face financing difficulties at the beginning of their establishment, and we are no exception," Ni Xiuming (尼秀明) recalled. At that time, Huishang Bank (徽商银行) took the initiative to approach them, using policy-based loan products such as Qingchuang Loan and Innovation Loan to provide the company with 1.5 million yuan in financial support, solving their urgent needs.
"With the rapid development of the company, the demand for funds has also gradually increased. Huishang Bank (徽商银行) relies on the 'loan and investment batch linkage' service mechanism to continuously provide us with support, and our credit line has increased from 1.5 million yuan in 2015 to 10 million yuan in 2023," Ni Xiuming (尼秀明) said.
Huishang Bank's (徽商银行) financial assistance to Qingxin Interconnection (安徽清新互联信息科技有限公司) effectively broke through the financial bottleneck formed by the company's R&D investment and market promotion, enabling it to obtain support in technology transformation and market expansion.
The transformation of technology "seedlings" into "big trees" requires precise irrigation with financial resources and, more importantly, full life cycle companionship. In recent years, Huishang Bank (徽商银行) has continuously accelerated the construction of diversified and relay-style financial products adapted to the entire chain and entire life cycle of technology-based enterprises.
"Around the different life cycle characteristics of technology-based enterprises, we have created seven categories of product systems," said the relevant负责人 (fù zé rén - "person in charge," responsible person) of the Science and Technology Finance Department of Huishang Bank (徽商银行). For seed-stage and early-stage enterprises, Huishang Bank (徽商银行) launched Qingchuang Loan and Early-stage e-Loan, and carried out services such as "loan and investment batch linkage" and "common growth plan"; for growth-stage enterprises, it launched products such as Zhi e-Loan, Technology Talent Loan, Technology R&D Loan, and Achievement Transformation Loan; for mature-stage enterprises, it launched a series of products such as technology transformation loans and M&A loans.
Data shows that as of the end of June 2025, Huishang Bank's (徽商银行) technology loan balance exceeded 200 billion yuan, with more than 10,000 loan customers.
Actively innovate channel ecology and build a multi-level technology financial service system. Huishang Bank (徽商银行) has strengthened cooperation with guarantee institutions to provide nearly 11 billion yuan in technology guarantee loans to more than 2,300 technology-based enterprises; it has linked with the "fund jungle" in Anhui Province (安徽省) to serve more than 600 technology innovation enterprises through the "loan and investment batch linkage" business, providing more than 13 billion yuan in credit support and driving equity investment of more than 17 billion yuan.
Deepen park financial services. Since 2025, focusing on 20 key industrial parks with concentrated technology resources, Huishang Bank (徽商银行) has actively planned the construction of "Science and Technology Innovation Home". Through measures such as expanding marketing docking channels and promoting exclusive products, it strives to provide comprehensive financial services for park technology innovation throughout the entire chain and entire life cycle; taking "scenario finance" and "ecological services" as the starting point, Huishang Bank (徽商银行) has built a new financing model of "government + bank + park + guarantee" and innovatively promoted park loans.
Strengthen digital intelligence leadership. Promoting the integration of technology and finance, Huishang Bank (徽商银行) pioneered the "technology flow" evaluation system in Anhui Province (安徽省), providing nearly 15 billion yuan in online credit loans to more than 5,000 technology innovation enterprises; it took the lead in launching the online loan application channel "Technology e-Code Pass" in Anhui Province (安徽省), realizing online application and real-time approval of loans for technology innovation enterprises, serving nearly 20,000 enterprises, and providing credit support of more than 15 billion yuan; it took the lead in establishing a knowledge property value self-assessment system in Anhui Province (安徽省), and based on this, it developed and launched the online knowledge property pledge loan Zhi e-Loan, which strongly supports technology-based enterprises in turning "intellectual property" into "assets."
Kong Qinglong (孔庆龙), President of Huishang Bank (徽商银行), said that as a bank serving the local economic and social development, Huishang Bank (徽商银行) will closely focus on the major deployments of the country and local governments on the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, seize the multiple strategic opportunities of the Yangtze River Delta (长三角) integration and the construction of the Science and Technology Innovation Financial Reform Pilot Zone, base itself on the characteristics of Anhui (安徽) science and technology innovation, continuously explore new models of science and technology financial services, and create a "Science and Technology Innovation Bank" with Huishang Bank (徽商银行) characteristics.
Return to TopThe Beijing (北京) office of this newspaper reported on November 18th (Reporter Lin Lili (林丽鹂)): The China Institute for Market Supervision and Management (中国市场监督管理学会) convened a symposium in Taiyuan (太原), Shanxi (山西), on the theory, promotion, and popularization of market supervision and management, building a cross-regional, multi-level exchange and cooperation platform for the national market supervision system. Market supervision departments from various regions discussed the theoretical innovation and practical situation of market supervision and management at the meeting.
Attendees exchanged work experience on aspects such as the consumer environment, food safety, and special equipment safety supervision, and explored how to clarify the role and responsibility boundaries of market supervision departments in government governance in the face of changes in the ultra-large-scale market, the emergence of new business forms, and the upgrading of regulatory needs, as well as how to cultivate market supervision talents.
Attendees expressed the hope that through systematic research, regulatory rules could be clarified, and regulatory concepts could be popularized through precise publicity, promoting the transformation of market supervision concepts from internal system awareness to social consensus. At the meeting, representatives shared innovative practices based on the actual work in various regions, providing vivid examples for improving the level of related work.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李 蕊
What stories are hidden within a small stamp?
In August of this year, an ancient ginkgo tree in Ju County (莒县), Rizhao City (日照市), Shandong Province (山东省) was particularly eye-catching on the "Ancient and Famous Trees" special stamps issued by China Post.
What is the charm of this ancient ginkgo tree?
About 8 kilometers west from the county seat of Ju County (莒县), Mount Fulai (浮来山) comes into view. It is not only a national 4A-level tourist attraction but also a historical museum.
Passing through the mountain gate and entering Dinglin Temple (定林寺), a giant tree comes into view - 26.7 meters high with an average crown width of 34 meters.
Under this ancient ginkgo tree, ancient steles stand, leaving behind many poems and inscriptions by ancient people. As time passes, the mottled characters on the ancient steles are still faintly visible, recording the long years of the ancient tree accompanying history.
This ancient tree is also a witness to cultural inheritance. In Dinglin Temple (定林寺) stands a two-story building, exquisite and simple in shape, with the words "Xiaojing Lou (校经楼)" engraved on the lintel. This was inscribed by Guo Moruo (郭沫若) in 1962 to commemorate Liu Xie (刘勰), a literary theorist of the Southern Dynasties whose ancestral home was Ju County (莒县). Liu Xie (刘勰) spent many years writing the systematic and complete literary theory monograph "The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons" (《文心雕龙》), which influenced more than a thousand years of literary creation and research.
How to protect the ancient ginkgo tree? Ju County (莒县) has constructed an ancient tree protection system through measures such as supplementary investigation, establishing files and cards, and hanging signs for protection. Li Jianguo (李建国) is one of the ancient tree guardians.
"Guarding a tree is like being a person, you must be dutiful and wholeheartedly." Li Jianguo (李建国), 61 years old this year, has been engaged in horticulture for more than 40 years. Since coming to Dinglin Temple (定林寺) in 2014, he has lived with this ancient ginkgo tree day and night. Watering, preventing and controlling pests and diseases, artificial fruit thinning... the daily work is trivial but very important. Thrips are one of the common pests, and severe infestations can lead to yellowing of leaves and weakening of the tree. For precise control, Li Jianguo (李建国) regularly sprays the ancient tree with liquid medicine in late May, late July, and late August every year to prevent pests.
In order to make the guarding work more refined, Li Jianguo (李建国) has insisted on writing "Big Tree Diary" since 2014.
"March 26th budding, April 10th flowering, September 10th fruit falling, around October 25th yellow leaves..." In Li Jianguo's (李建国) notebook, what is recorded is not only phenological changes, but also the traces of every "breath" of the ancient tree. Temperature, humidity, leaf condition, fruit load, and even which day an abnormality was discovered and how it was handled, are all written down by him. These detailed records have become the first-hand basis for experts to judge the tree's condition and formulate maintenance plans.
In recent years, with more and more ginkgo trees planted around, this ancient ginkgo tree has gained more pollination opportunities, and the number of fruits has increased significantly compared to ten years ago. Every year in early June, when the ginkgo fruits are the size of peas, Li Jianguo (李建国) and his colleagues begin to thin the fruit to avoid excessive nutrient consumption and affect the healthy growth of the ancient ginkgo tree.
"Ancient trees cannot speak, but their changes are recorded here." Li Jianguo (李建国) said, stroking the "Big Tree Diary" in his hand. Accompanying the ancient tree through spring, summer, autumn, and winter with pen and ink, under his protection, this ancient ginkgo tree is still lush and full of vitality.
Today, this ancient ginkgo tree has become one of the cultural symbols of Ju County (莒县). "I am very pleased that so many people come to see it from afar." Li Jianguo (李建国) said with emotion, "I accompany the ancient tree every day, and happiness is just a glance up."
Ginkgo
Ginkgo, also known as the maidenhair tree or ginkgo biloba, belongs to the Ginkgoaceae family and the Ginkgo genus. It is a tall tree that can reach 40 meters in height. The leaves are fan-shaped with long petioles, light green, and turn golden yellow in autumn. It is a highly ornamental tree species that can be planted as a street tree, shade tree, landscape tree, and economic tree species.
Ginkgo first appeared in the Carboniferous period 345 million years ago. About 500,000 years ago, ginkgo became extinct in other places and was only preserved in China. The current ginkgo is a rare relict tree species of the Mesozoic era, unique to China. The existing ginkgo trees in various countries all come from China.
Ginkgo prefers sunlight, is cold-resistant, has deep roots, is not resistant to waterlogging, and prefers moist and well-drained deep sandy soil. Neutral or slightly acidic soil is most suitable.
This issue coordinated by: Zhang Ye (张晔), Yang Xiaoyu (杨笑雨), Dong Wenxin (董汶鑫)
Multimedia production: Zhang Yixuan (张意轩), Zheng Xuefeiteng (郑薛飞腾), Wang Wei (王威)
Illustration: Liu Zheng (刘峥), Xue Wenjiao (薛雯娇)
By: 本报记者 窦 皓
Zhejiang Ningbo Yuyao City, Sino-Italian Ningbo Ecological Park (中意宁波生态园).
Overhead view shows the roofs of the workshops at the Lingke Automobile Yuyao Factory (领克汽车余姚工厂) covered with photovoltaic panels. These photovoltaic panels generate more than 20 million kilowatt-hours of electricity annually, saving the company approximately 15 million yuan in electricity expenses.
Photovoltaic power generation is characterized by cleanliness, renewability, and lack of pollution. Previously, the installed photovoltaic capacity in the Ningbo area exceeded 10 million kilowatts, making it the first city in Zhejiang (浙江) to surpass this milestone.
Promoting Photovoltaic Implementation, Empowering Green Development
Gao Tang Island Township (高塘岛乡), Xiangshan County (象山县), Ningbo (宁波), features the Changda Tidal Flat Photovoltaic Power Plant (长大涂滩涂光伏发电场), covering an area equivalent to 422 soccer fields, with a total installed capacity of 300 megawatts. It can transmit an average of 340 million kilowatt-hours of clean energy to the grid annually, meeting the annual electricity needs of 110,000 households and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 350,000 tons.
In recent years, Ningbo (宁波) has utilized coastal tidal flats, reservoirs, and agricultural land resources in Cixi (慈溪), Xiangshan (象山), Ninghai (宁海), and other places to develop photovoltaic power stations. As of the first half of this year, Ningbo's (宁波) total installed photovoltaic capacity reached 10.24 million kilowatts, with distributed photovoltaic capacity at 8.6887 million kilowatts, accounting for 84.8% of the total photovoltaic capacity.
"Ningbo (宁波) has a large number of industrial enterprises, and factory roofs have become an important carrier for photovoltaic power generation," said Zhang Zhenlong (张振龙), Deputy Director of the Development Department of State Grid Ningbo Power Supply Company (国网宁波供电公司). His team integrated rooftop resource data from satellite remote sensing and mapping, along with solar radiation prediction information from meteorological departments, to build an intelligent navigation system, enabling photovoltaic site selection to be evaluated, consumption capacity to be predicted, and construction plans to be optimized.
Walking into Tengtou Village (滕头村) in Xiaowangmiao Subdistrict (萧王庙街道), Fenghua District (奉化区), Ningbo (宁波), the roofs of every household are covered with photovoltaic panels. Today, the community's rooftop distributed photovoltaic power generation project has been officially connected to the grid and put into operation. The project adopts a "self-generation for self-use, surplus electricity to the grid" connection method, with an estimated average annual power generation of approximately 1.93 million kilowatt-hours, which can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 1,924 tons.
The Tengtou Village (滕头村) collective bears the cost of laying rooftop photovoltaics and operating expenses, with villagers only needing to provide rooftop resources. While meeting the electricity needs of all village collective buildings, it can increase the village collective's income by more than 500,000 yuan annually and distribute it based on each household's rooftop "contribution."
Building a Regulation System, Achieving Coordinated Development
Photovoltaic power generation empowers green development but also puts new pressure on grid dispatch operations. Zhang Zhenlong (张振龙) said that the "double-edged sword" effect of photovoltaics is most evident in the third quarter, providing important power support for peak summer demand, but it is prone to **掉链子** (diào liàn zi - "drop the chain," to fail or malfunction at a critical moment) due to extreme weather.
How to ensure power supply balance under extreme weather conditions? This year, State Grid Ningbo Power Supply Company (国网宁波供电公司) applied artificial intelligence new energy power generation prediction technology to carry out research on the characteristics of new energy power generation. Using artificial intelligence high-precision power prediction algorithms, the prediction accuracy of distributed photovoltaic power is stably maintained at around 96%.
In May of this year, a new type of power grid dispatch control system was deployed and put into operation in Ningbo (宁波). "Through this system's automatic decision-making control, remote adjustment of photovoltaic power generation stations can be carried out, enabling real-time response and interaction for power dispatch, and improving the operational safety level of the power grid," said He Xu (贺旭), Director of the Method Planning Office of the Dispatch Control Center of State Grid Ningbo Power Supply Company (国网宁波供电公司).
To solve the problem of supply and demand mismatch, it is necessary to not only do a good job in allocation but also improve the construction of new energy storage facilities.
As night falls, Ningbo Zhoushan Port (宁波舟山港) is brightly lit, and wind turbines and photovoltaic arrays covering tens of thousands of square meters stand side by side along the coastline. The State Grid Ningbo Zhoushan Port Meishan Wind-Solar-Storage Integrated Project (国家电网宁波舟山港梅山风光储一体化项目) transforms the natural scenery of the port into electrical energy through wind turbines and photovoltaic panels, providing a continuous source of power for docked giant ships, busy container trucks, and continuously operating gantry cranes.
Where does the unused green electricity go? It will be collected into energy storage equipment with a capacity of "1 MW/2 MWh" for "storage" to be used during peak port electricity consumption periods, and the excess green electricity will be integrated into the State Grid (国家电网). As of now, the project's cumulative power generation has exceeded 40 million kilowatt-hours, equivalent to reducing carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 24,000 tons. Last year, Ningbo's (宁波) annual renewable energy power generation was 13.3 billion kilowatt-hours, accounting for 12.2% of the total power generation.
Full Digital Control, Calculating Clear Expense Bills
In Zhongyuan Wanying Industrial Park (中原万楹工业园区), Fenghua District (奉化区), photovoltaic panels on factory roofs gleam.
"The land property rights belong to the park, and the park's enterprises cannot independently set up accounts and install meters. Electricity bill recording, settlement, collection, and other work all rely on manual processing by the park, which is very chaotic," said Wang Gangzhi (王刚志), the person in charge of the enterprise, with a headache.
Is the electricity consumption overcalculated? Is the electricity bill settled accurately? The same problem plagued Chen Lei (陈磊), the person in charge of the park: the scale of photovoltaics on factory roofs is small, distributed, and has multiple investors. When it comes to electricity bill settlement, photovoltaic investors and users always argue endlessly about how much electricity should be settled.
Since 2019, State Grid Ningbo Fenghua District Power Supply Company (国网宁波市奉化区供电公司) has joined forces with professional teams from State Grid Zhejiang Integrated Energy Company (国网浙江综合能源公司) to create and continuously optimize the "Sunshine Shopkeeper" (阳光掌柜) full-process digital settlement system. On the large screen in the central control room of Zhongyuan Wanying Industrial Park (中原万楹工业园区), relevant electricity consumption data is displayed in real time. Wang Gangzhi (王刚志) opened the electricity bill on his mobile phone, and the park's total meter reading, sub-meter reading, electricity price, electricity bill, and other information are clear at a glance. "Sunshine Shopkeeper" (阳光掌柜) installs smart meters at each household in a graded manner, realizing itemized measurement of electricity consumption data and online second-level meter reading, solving problems such as arbitrary price increases in transferred electricity due to unclear settlements. Currently, the platform has saved park tenants over 2 million yuan in electricity costs.
Currently, "Sunshine Shopkeeper" (阳光掌柜) has covered more than 10,000 parks and enterprises in Zhejiang Province (浙江省), with a cumulative settlement fund of 10.9 billion yuan, and the annual operating cost of each megawatt of photovoltaic power station has been reduced by 30,000 yuan on average.
Return to TopIn recent years, Jixi City (鸡西市), Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省), has focused on the main line of industrial upgrading. By cultivating innovative entities, building support platforms, and breaking through key technologies, it has achieved a series of new breakthroughs in strategic emerging industries such as biomedicine and new materials, injecting strong momentum into regional high-quality development.
Material Innovation Bears Fruit
Efficient Transformation "From Laboratory to Production Line"
Jixi Betray New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (鸡西市贝特瑞新能源科技有限公司) successfully passed the 2024 Heilongjiang Province Engineering Technology Research Center (黑龙江省工程技术研究中心) certification, and its research and development strength has been recognized. In 2024, it was rated as a provincial-level green factory, and its green production level has become a regional benchmark. The graphite anode material with 4-6C fast charging capability developed by the team has successfully passed pilot verification and has won customer favor with its excellent performance. At present, the company has built a natural graphite and artificial graphite product matrix covering long cycle, low cost, and high rate characteristics.
"One Enterprise, One Policy" to Promote Development
Important Breakthroughs in Basic Research
The core of cultivating new quality productive forces lies in innovation, and the key lies in industry. Jixi City (鸡西市) has built a "one enterprise, one policy" (一企一策) contact service system to precisely irrigate "innovation seeds." Under the "one-on-one" precise service of Jixi City (鸡西市), Heilongjiang Like New Material Co., Ltd. (黑龙江立科新材料有限公司) was successfully rated as a national-level specialized, refined, and new "little giant" enterprise. Its 3 new products have been approved as provincial-level key new products, and one of its products has also achieved a breakthrough in the first (set) product certification in Jixi City (鸡西市) in nearly 13 years. In addition, on October 27, a groundbreaking research result of the company, which formed a strategy of direct deamination mediated by N-nitroamine, was published in the international science journal *Nature*. This is not only a reflection of the research and development strength of Heilongjiang Like New Material Co., Ltd. (黑龙江立科新材料有限公司), but also a model sample of Jixi City (鸡西市) promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and promoting the deep integration and collaborative innovation of industry, academia, and research.
Systematic Layout Gathers Momentum
The Innovation Subject Echelon Accelerates Growth
The emergence of leading enterprises and individual champions stems from Jixi City's (鸡西市) systematic construction of the innovation system. Jixi (鸡西) continues to optimize the innovation ecology by improving platform energy levels, cultivating innovative entities, and tackling key technologies in a "three-pronged approach" (三管齐下). As of now, Jixi City (鸡西市) has added 15 national and provincial-level innovation platforms, bringing the total to 50. In 2025, 7 specialized, refined, and new small and medium-sized enterprises and 10 innovative small and medium-sized enterprises will be newly identified, and the total number of science and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises will reach 130, forming a good innovation subject echelon.
In addition, Jixi City (鸡西市) has established municipal and county-level "bidding and listing" project funds to solicit technical needs around local leading industries, and provide real money to help enterprises develop, and guide innovative forces to overcome industrial bottlenecks. A series of pragmatic measures are promoting Jixi (鸡西) to accelerate its transformation from a traditional resource-based city to an innovative city, providing a practical path with reference significance for the revitalization of old industrial bases.
Data source: Jixi Science and Technology Bureau (鸡西市科技局), Jixi Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology (鸡西市工信局)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 付明丽
Appreciating Chrysanthemums
A light layer of new frost covers the roof tiles overnight,
Banana leaves are newly broken, withered lotus leans.
Resistant to the cold are only the chrysanthemums by the eastern fence,
Golden millet just begins to bloom, the dawn is even clearer.
——"Ode to Chrysanthemums" Tang Dynasty · Bai Juyi (白居易)
Every year in September and October, the streets of Taiyuan (太原), Shanxi (山西) are filled with chrysanthemums, clusters upon clusters, some bunched together like balls, others cascading like waterfalls, the large ones a foot across, the small ones the size of coins, colorful and dazzling.
The chrysanthemum is a famous flower native to China, with over 3,000 years of cultivation history. Taiyuan has four distinct seasons and ample sunshine, and its geographical and climatic conditions are suitable for chrysanthemum growth. "Every family has chrysanthemums in September," a folk song "Twelve Months of Flower Picking" sings of the local people's love for chrysanthemums. Why favor chrysanthemums among all flowers? Su Shi's (苏轼) famous line, "The lotus has exhausted its rain-sheltering leaves, but the chrysanthemum still has frost-defying branches," may provide an answer—the chrysanthemum's spirit of standing tall against the frost reflects the urban spirit of Taiyuan.
Chrysanthemum Blossoms Alone on the Branch
A Kind of Character, Enduring
The chrysanthemum symbolizes the character of perseverance, integrity, and nobility, and is known as one of the "Four Gentlemen" along with plum, orchid, and bamboo. The *Book of Rites* records, "In the month of late autumn, the chrysanthemum has yellow flowers." The chrysanthemum's reclusive, noble, and unyielding character is not only reflected in art forms such as poetry and painting but is also integrated into the Chinese philosophy of life and spiritual pursuit, becoming one of the important symbols of Chinese culture.
Taiyuan, formerly known as Jinyang (晋阳), has a history of city building for more than 2,500 years and has been a strategic location and military stronghold in the north since ancient times. The Ming and Qing Jin merchants who came from here were known for their honest business practices, creating a brilliant commercial culture. Today, the local area continues to work hard to promote industrial transformation, and the spirit of perseverance has been deeply integrated into the city's development.
As early as the Qianlong (乾隆) period of the Qing Dynasty, many people in the Jinci (晋祠) area of Taiyuan grew chrysanthemums with a rich variety, and there were chrysanthemum appreciation gatherings and chrysanthemum wine tasting activities. Since the 1980s, major parks in Taiyuan have continued to hold chrysanthemum exhibitions, and chrysanthemum appreciation has become a major autumn cultural event for citizens.
In 1984, Taiyuan launched the selection and evaluation of the city flower, and initially proposed nine candidate flower species. After nearly 3 years of extensive consultation, expert argumentation, and public voting, the chrysanthemum stood out. In 1987, the Second Meeting of the Eighth Standing Committee of the Taiyuan Municipal People's Congress officially determined the chrysanthemum as the city flower of Taiyuan.
Walking through the city streets, chrysanthemum elements can often be seen. Chrysanthemum paintings and carvings are integrated with the charm of ancient buildings, conveying the beautiful wishes of praying for longevity and auspiciousness. Place names such as "Chrysanthemum Lane" are named after flowers, continuing the city's memory. Chrysanthemums play an increasingly important role in urban greening and beautification and have long been integrated into the daily life of Taiyuan people: the tea made from dried golden silk chrysanthemums is fragrant and sweet, and it can be made into a health drink with wolfberry and dried tangerine peel. Adding chrysanthemums to the traditional delicacy mutton soup contains the health wisdom of medicine and food homology.
Renewed with Chrysanthemums Every Year
A Flower Exhibition, Rejuvenated
The chrysanthemum exhibition held in Taiyuan this year is the thirty-fifth.
As the main venue of this year's chrysanthemum exhibition, Shuangta Temple Park (双塔公园) in Taiyuan has arranged 11 three-dimensional landscape flower beds on the main roads and central square, exhibiting more than 500,000 pots (plants) of various flowers such as fine chrysanthemums, cliff chrysanthemums, and garden small chrysanthemums. Tourists can enjoy the scenery in the exquisite antique building complex. During the flower exhibition, the park held a series of cultural activities such as opera performances and Hanfu parades, receiving an average of 60,000 visitors per day.
Since 2021, after each flower exhibition, Shuangta Temple Park has transplanted the potted chrysanthemums from the flower exhibition into the park to create a child-friendly flower path. Lan Penghai (兰鹏海), director of the Taiyuan Municipal Park Service Center (Shuangta Temple Park), said that transplanting chrysanthemums not only enriches the park's landscape and creates a more diverse viewing experience but also saves costs and has been widely praised by citizens and tourists.
The branch venues of the chrysanthemum exhibition also have their own characteristics—the Jinci Garden Center launched a special exhibition on the history of chrysanthemum culture, integrating chrysanthemum culture into the history of the ancient city; the Zezhong Academy of Yingze Park (迎泽公园) held an ikebana art and combined potted plant competition exhibition, integrating chrysanthemums with architecture and painting, creating a strong artistic atmosphere; the Taiyuan Botanical Garden broke through the traditional chrysanthemum exhibition color scheme, introducing highly saturated orange, pink, purple, blue and other colored chrysanthemums, with interactive installations and landscape sketches, which are very popular among families with children and young tourists.
The Taiyuan Chrysanthemum Exhibition began in 1955. Over the past 70 years, the scale of the chrysanthemum exhibition has continued to expand, and the exhibition model has been innovated, from indoor to outdoor, from a single venue to multi-venue linkage, and from a simple flower exhibition to an integration of garden viewing and cultural leisure, becoming a cultural tourism business card of Taiyuan.
Integrating trendy elements, the audience of the chrysanthemum exhibition has gradually expanded to the younger generation. Appreciating chrysanthemums, photographing chrysanthemums, and growing chrysanthemums have become a cultural fashion for more and more young people. A college student left a message after checking in at this year's chrysanthemum exhibition: "High autumn welcomes the grand event, renewed with chrysanthemums every year. Chrysanthemums are native to China, and the flowers have bloomed and fallen for thousands of years, awakening the cultural blood of generations."
Picking Chrysanthemums Under the Eastern Fence
An Industry, Blooming Colorfully
Some of the chrysanthemums in the Taiyuan Chrysanthemum Exhibition come from local horticultural companies. Shanxi Meizhi Horticulture Co., Ltd. (山西梅芝园艺股份有限公司) cultivated more than 100,000 pots of chrysanthemums this year. Varieties such as "Bianliang Jinggui," "Spring Day Kensan," and "Golden Dragon Soaring Clouds" have large flower shapes and bright colors, becoming star exhibits of the chrysanthemum exhibition.
Entering November, the temperature drops, and the chrysanthemum season is coming to an end. In the Meizhi Flower Industry Science and Technology Park located in Jinyangbao Village (晋阳堡村), Taiyuan, a dozen flower farmers are busy in the fields. "At the moment, we need to select high-quality mother plants with strong growth and beautiful flower shapes to prepare for next year's chrysanthemum cultivation." Zheng Meizhi (郑梅芝), chairman of Meizhi Horticulture, introduced that the company has introduced more than 1,000 excellent chrysanthemum varieties from Beijing (北京), Henan (河南) and other places, and after screening, more than 400 have been retained for cultivation and promotion.
In addition to cultivating chrysanthemums, local horticultural companies also provide services such as seedling sales and technical guidance, driving local farmers to engage in the flower industry. "Chrysanthemum seedling cultivation, management, and picking require a lot of labor." Zheng Meizhi said that it directly drives more than 3,000 villagers to increase their income and become rich every year. In addition, the local area also develops chrysanthemum tea, creates chrysanthemum banquets, and launches rich activities such as picking, flower arranging, and study tours during the chrysanthemum blooming season, attracting nearly 10,000 tourists a day at most.
The development of the chrysanthemum industry is inseparable from the cultivation of germplasm resources and the innovation of planting technology. Lü Jinhui (吕晋慧), a professor in the Department of Landscape Architecture at the Forestry College of Shanxi Agricultural University (山西农业大学), has been dealing with chrysanthemums for more than 20 years, mainly conducting research on chrysanthemum flowering mechanisms and the development and utilization of germplasm resources.
"Modern people have increasing demands for the flower shape and color of ornamental chrysanthemums. There is a lot of knowledge in chrysanthemum planting, and there are still many problems that need to be researched and solved." Lü Jinhui said that in recent years, she and her team members have successively cultivated a number of lodging-resistant chrysanthemum varieties, continuous cropping obstacle-resistant varieties, and tea and edible chrysanthemum varieties, and are currently conducting ornamental chrysanthemum breeding research, "hoping to cultivate more new varieties with market competitiveness and contribute to the development of the chrysanthemum industry in Taiyuan and even Shanxi."
Flower Stationery
Taiyuan · Chrysanthemum
Chrysanthemum, native to China, is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Chrysanthemum in the Asteraceae family. The stem is erect and covered with soft hairs. The leaves are alternate, with short petioles, and the leaves are ovate to lanceolate, 5 to 15 cm long. The capitulum is single or several clustered at the top of the stem and branches.
Chrysanthemums like cool climates and sufficient sunlight, are drought-tolerant and cold-resistant, avoid shade and waterlogging. The flowering period varies depending on the variety, mainly concentrated in September to November. Chrysanthemum is an important ornamental flower in autumn and is also a plant with homology of medicine and food. Specific varieties can be used for drinking, medicinal purposes, or as vegetables, and have the functions of clearing heat and detoxification, calming the liver and improving eyesight, and relieving eye fatigue.
Source: Shanxi Agricultural University
By: 人民网记者 武 笑
The north wind is gradually getting colder, but in the greenhouse of Zhu Shijie (朱世杰), a villager in Nanzhang Village (南张村), Jinyuan District (晋源区), Taiyuan (太原), Shanxi (山西), hundreds of pots of chrysanthemums, including Beijing Chrysanthemums and September Chrysanthemums, are still full of vitality. These chrysanthemums recently participated in this year's Jinci Chrysanthemum Culture Exhibition (晋祠菊花文化展), and each pot is a carefully selected variety seedling.
"When they grow small buds, they will be propagated by cuttings again next year." Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) is usually not good at talking, but when he talks about chrysanthemum cultivation, he becomes very talkative. "Winter seedling cultivation, spring cutting propagation, summer transplanting and planting, autumn potting for nursery... Chrysanthemums are like my children, and to make them grow healthily, you must give them affection and patience," Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) said.
Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) is 32 years old this year and has been associated with chrysanthemums for 21 years. At that time, the Jinci Garden Center (晋祠园林中心) rented two greenhouses from Zhu Shijie's (朱世杰) family as flower rooms, and the family followed Gu Ruifang (谷瑞芳), a technician from the Jinci Garden Center (晋祠园林中心), to learn about chrysanthemum planting. Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) was influenced by what he saw and heard, and chose this industry when he grew up.
Picking buds, mixing soil, cutting... "Old florist" Gu Ruifang (谷瑞芳) taught him hand-in-hand, and "new flower farmer" Zhu Shijie's (朱世杰) chrysanthemum planting skills became more and more proficient. Some new technologies and varieties are also being tested in Zhu Shijie's (朱世杰) greenhouse.
In the past few years, Gu Ruifang's (谷瑞芳) team developed the art chrysanthemum Artemisia annua grafting and series connection technology and promoted it to many "new flower farmers." Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) also learned this technology. "With new technology, there are more possibilities for artistic chrysanthemum modeling design," said Gu Ruifang (谷瑞芳).
Now, Gu Ruifang (谷瑞芳) is about to retire. What makes her gratified is that many "new flower farmers" like Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) have become a new force in chrysanthemum cultivation. Cultural relic shapes such as Marquis of Jin Bird Zun (晋侯鸟尊), animal shapes such as cows, peacocks, and elephants, and utensil shapes such as large tripods and vases... Novel and creatively rich artistic chrysanthemums have been unveiled at the Jinci Chrysanthemum Culture Exhibition (晋祠菊花文化展), giving citizens and tourists a bright impression.
At this year's Jinci Chrysanthemum Culture Exhibition (晋祠菊花文化展), Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) designed a 3-meter-high and 18-meter-long dragon-shaped artistic chrysanthemum, which attracted many tourists to take photos. "This year, I not only participated in the Chrysanthemum Exhibition, but also sold 50,000 pots of chrysanthemums!" Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) said that the chrysanthemums he cultivated have been exhibited at chrysanthemum exhibitions in Jinci Park (晋祠公园) and other places for many years, and have also been sold to Shuozhou (朔州), Datong (大同) and other places.
With the continuous popularity of "cultural tourism," more and more tourists are going to Taiyuan (太原) cultural landmarks such as Jinci Museum (晋祠博物馆) and Twin Pagoda Temple (双塔公园) to view ancient buildings and admire chrysanthemums. During this year's National Day and Mid-Autumn Festival holidays, Jinci Park (晋祠公园) received a maximum of 40,000 tourists in a single day.
Looking at the passing tourists, Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) had a new idea: "To turn the greenhouse into a research and study site, introduce more new varieties of chrysanthemums, and help more young people better understand chrysanthemums and chrysanthemum culture." Right now, Zhu Shijie (朱世杰) is busy again, going to flower exhibitions in Beijing (北京), Henan (河南) and other places to purchase new varieties of chrysanthemums and prepare for next year's chrysanthemum exhibition.
Return to TopLayout Design: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 何思琦
The historical river of stars surges on endlessly, and the treasures of civilization shine brightly.
What kind of sparks will be generated when Artificial Intelligence (AI) encounters the five-thousand-year-old Chinese civilization?
Giving archaeological excavations "intelligent eyes," weaving a "sensing network" for the protection of cultural relics, and allowing cultural heritage to be reborn in the digital age... Technological self-reliance and self-strengthening have become the key to the era of cultural relic protection and utilization. From archaeological excavation sites to cultural and museum research bases, from cultural relic restoration laboratories to museum exhibition halls, artificial intelligence is creating a new paradigm for guarding civilization, injecting unlimited vitality and imagination into the inheritance and development of culture.
Tracing the Source
Artificial intelligence is injecting vitality into archaeology, a discipline that explores the past, with its powerful data processing and pattern recognition capabilities.
"The source of ancient Shu civilization, the light of civilization in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River." Chengdu (成都), Sichuan (四川), the Baodun Ancient City Site (宝墩古城遗址), dating back 4,500 to 3,900 years, is the earliest and largest prehistoric city site discovered in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China.
At the archaeological site of Baodun (宝墩), archaeologists discovered that as early as 4,000 years ago, the Baodun ancestors already had aesthetic awareness, decorating pottery with various patterns such as rope patterns and water wave patterns. Fragments of clay pottery and sand-tempered pottery are scattered in the soil, quietly telling the secrets of the ancient Shu civilization. Today, these seemingly ordinary pottery shards are becoming witnesses to the deep integration of artificial intelligence technology and archaeology.
"We have constructed a digital pottery shard collection from the Baodun culture period, and AI has shown great potential in dealing with complex problems in pottery shard classification," said Wan Jiao (万娇), a researcher at the Sichuan Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology (四川省文物考古研究院). The interdisciplinary team she is part of brings together front-line archaeologists and artificial intelligence experts and is conducting the "AI Exploration and Research of Sichuan Pottery Archaeology" project. Currently, the team has successfully used AI models to determine the period of ordinary pottery shards with a high degree of fragmentation and little information from the Baodun culture period, further expanding the basis for determining the period from standard-shaped artifacts to sporadically unearthed broken pottery shards, providing a new tool for rapid and convenient periodization in archaeology.
Traditional archaeology is a discipline oriented towards the "past." A person, a hand shovel, and a square exploration pit may have been many people's imagination of the word "archaeology."
It is not difficult to find from recent major archaeological excavation projects and archaeological events that "interpreting heavenly books with a hand shovel" is no longer the only way to decode civilization. The empowerment of artificial intelligence has opened another "evolution" of archaeology, not only spawning new research results and application scenarios but also improving practical efficiency and research depth.
"Faced with a large number of artifacts unearthed in archaeological excavations, biological remains such as animals, plants, and human bones, as well as massive amounts of cultural relic protection and scientific archaeological testing and analysis data, artificial intelligence is injecting vitality into archaeology, a discipline that explores the past, with its powerful data processing and pattern recognition capabilities," pointed out Zhang Guowen (张国文), a professor at the School of History at Nankai University (南开大学).
On the computer screen, oracle bone rubbing images are gradually pieced together with the assistance of AI models. This scene has become a new exploration of artificial intelligence technology assisting ancient writing research in recent years.
Oracle bone joining, that is, integrating information from all aspects to piece together oracle bone fragments to make them complete or relatively complete materials. Mo Bofeng (莫伯峰), a professor at the Oracle Bone Inscription Research Center of Capital Normal University (首都师范大学), admitted frankly that in the past, joining was done manually by oracle bone scholars, relying on personal experience and mental memory, which consumed a lot of time and energy. At present, AI can provide good assistance in the fields of oracle bone joining, oracle bone character recognition, and oracle bone re-calibration.
From field excavation to laboratory research, the deep integration of AI and archaeology has now extended to the classroom of talent cultivation—
"Two professors teaching computer science came to the archaeology class!" Starting in the fall semester of last year, a new course for graduate students appeared on the Fudan University (复旦大学) course schedule: "AI Archaeology." The course has a maximum enrollment of 15 students, is equipped with 4 teaching assistants, and has no professional background restrictions.
Wen Shaoqing (文少卿), an associate professor at the Fudan University Institute of Science and Technology Archaeology (复旦大学科技考古研究院), is the "founder" of this course. He invited professors from the School of Computer Science to teach students specific content such as the brief history of AI development, AI principles, and image processing for 6 class hours.
Talking about the original intention of opening this course, Wen Shaoqing (文少卿) said that AI archaeology is the next "main battlefield" of scientific and technological archaeology. He hopes that students can fully feel the different application scenarios of AI archaeology and expand the application thinking of AI technology in interdisciplinary education. "The application of AI technology in ceramic shard splicing," "The application of artificial intelligence in remote sensing archaeological site surveys," "Dating bronzes based on deep learning"... Talking about the final results of previous students, Wen Shaoqing (文少卿) said that archaeology in the new era urgently needs interdisciplinary and compound talents who are proficient in both arts and sciences. "AI technology is a tool, and I hope students will really try it and use it well."
Wen Shaoqing (文少卿) calls AI's empowerment of archaeology "moving from the depths of the soil to the digital future." "In the process of site excavation and protection, researchers can analyze satellite and remote sensing data through AI to initially identify lost ancient sites. For example, researchers can use AI technology to realize the digital twin of archaeological sites. AI liberates productivity. In the entire chain of archaeology, many scenarios can be intervened by AI, greatly improving research efficiency and accuracy."
Guarding
The application scenarios of cutting-edge digital technologies represented by AI technology in cultural relic protection and restoration research are increasing.
In October of this year, the "Looking at the Sea of Clouds - Yungang Grottoes Art Exhibition" opened in Shanghai (上海). Immersively experiencing the beauty of Yungang (云冈) and appreciating the art of the millennium grottoes, a 3D-printed replica of the Western Standing Buddha of Cave 20 of the Yungang Grottoes (云冈石窟) in the exhibition hall attracted bursts of amazement from the audience: "I really can't believe that the Buddha statue from 1,500 years ago is actually standing in front of me!" Behind this lies a story of cultural heritage protection and restoration spanning thousands of years—
During the Northern Wei Dynasty (北魏), the Yungang Grottoes (云冈石窟) were carved into the mountains, stretching 1 kilometer from east to west. There are 45 main caves and more than 59,000 statues. As one of the earliest "Tan Yao Five Caves" (昙曜五窟) opened in Yungang (云冈), Cave 20 originally had a "flanking Buddha" on the east and west sides, but the Western Standing Buddha collapsed as early as the Northern Wei Dynasty (北魏) and there is no record of its form. Its original appearance has become a mystery for thousands of years. How was the Western Standing Buddha exhibited today "reborn"?
"In the excavation of the ruins in front of the cave, we found many fragments of the Western Standing Buddha. It would be very laborious to use traditional restoration methods," said Hang Kan (杭侃), Dean of the Yungang Research Institute (云冈研究院).
The stones, weathered by thousands of years, were placed in the warehouse, quietly waiting for the opportunity to be "pieced together." This wait lasted more than 20 years.
"In 2014, we started splicing. We started with manual splicing in the early stage, and then we started using a three-dimensional laser scanner for high-precision scanning, and used artificial intelligence-based statue clustering research to allow more than 100 statue fragments to be reorganized in virtual space," introduced Li Lihong (李丽红), a cultural and museum librarian at the Digital Protection Center of the Yungang Research Institute (云冈研究院).
The real challenge lies in the virtual restoration of the missing head of the Buddha statue and the patterns on the clothes. Without any historical data for reference, the digital team turned its attention to the statues of the same period: the other Buddha statues in the Tan Yao Five Caves (昙曜五窟) and the stone carvings in the Gandhara and Mathura art styles became the "sample library" for AI learning. Through the restoration of more than 10 different algorithm training models, after expert demonstration, the closest restoration result was finally generated, and the "disappeared" Western Standing Buddha of Cave 20 was "reborn."
A cross-millennial spatiotemporal resonance between Northern Wei (北魏) stone carving art and contemporary digital technology has accumulated useful experience for the virtual restoration of grottoes and the digital restoration of grottoes lost overseas.
The ancient Shu Road (蜀道) meanders for thousands of years, and the grottoes are dotted all over the place. The Sichuan-Chongqing (川渝) region is one of the most densely distributed areas of grotto temples in China. Like historical books engraved on cliffs, they are scattered in the countryside and mountains, condensing the extraordinary wisdom of ancient craftsmen. In June of this year, a "Joint Protection Initiative for Sichuan-Chongqing Grottoes" was released to promote the protection and utilization of Sichuan-Chongqing grotto temples in many aspects.
"A major problem facing the protection of grottoes in the Sichuan-Chongqing (川渝) region is the shallow deterioration, water seepage, and biological diseases caused by high temperature, humidity, and rain," said Wang Jie (王捷), deputy director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration Key Scientific Research Base for the Integration and Application Research of Engineering Technology for the Protection of Grotto Temples.
Faced with these challenges, Wang Jie (王捷) and her team are committed to the research on key technologies for the exploration of shallow rock mass diseases in grottoes. She introduced: "The AI video monitoring robot we use can clearly identify some rock mass changes that are invisible to the naked eye, automatically capture images 24 hours a day and perform intelligent calculations, and staff can grasp the disease conditions on grotto cultural relics from multiple directions and angles." In the future, the team also hopes to realize intelligent identification and early warning functions, and propose restoration suggestions based on data analysis.
In Wang Jie's (王捷) view, cultural relic protection is a race against time. Through AI technology, it is possible to accurately capture surface diseases such as weathering and peeling, and biological erosion through image recognition, and to realize real-time dynamic tracking of cultural relic settlement and dangerous rock mass cracks at the millimeter level.
Environmental monitoring, disease identification... Today, AI technology has opened "intelligent protection" for cultural relics. Whether it is efficiently analyzing environmental data, warning of potential risks, or predicting disease development, technology is making systematic cultural relic protection more sensitive, more accurate, and more intelligent.
Inheritance
Let Chinese civilization enter life in a more lively form, and let the wisdom of thousands of years be integrated into daily life in a tangible and accessible way.
"Where are you from?" "What's your name?" At the "Dialogue with Yuwen Yong - Exhibition of Scientific and Technological Archaeological Achievements of Emperor Xiaoling of the Northern Zhou Dynasty" at the Shaanxi History Museum (陕西历史博物馆), on an AI interactive device, Yuwen Yong (宇文邕), Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (北周武帝), whose appearance has been restored by technology, is "awakened" and has a dialogue with children spanning thousands of years.
"This is a digital human 'trained' by the team using the restored image of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (北周武帝) and the AI large model in conjunction with the Shaanxi History Museum (陕西历史博物馆). During the development process, we established a localized database and imported a large amount of historical data for it to learn, so that the digital human can naturally present Yuwen Yong's (宇文邕) language style and temperament," said Wen Shaoqing (文少卿).
Today, artificial intelligence is combined with cutting-edge technologies such as virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and digital twins, building an invisible bridge between history and the present, allowing the millennium civilization to continue its pulse in the digital space and time.
"What is it like to travel to the 'Jinling Map' scroll thousands of years ago? Walking into the 'Jinling Map Digital Art Exhibition', visitors can put on smart bracelets and transform into Song Dynasty (宋代) figures to meet 533 people in Jinling City (金陵城)," Ai Lin (艾琳), curator of the Deji Art Museum (德基艺术博物馆), shared China's innovative practices in using digital technology to stimulate the vitality of cultural heritage at the UNESCO General Conference's special meeting on "Artificial Intelligence from a Museum Perspective".
"The addition of new technologies such as artificial intelligence transforms the museum's collection into a tangible and accessible cultural experience, allowing the public to easily appreciate art, understand culture, and more deeply feel the course of civilization development," said Ai Lin (艾琳).
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to "take root in the broad and profound Chinese civilization and conform to the development trend of information technology"; the newly revised Law on the Protection of Cultural Relics stipulates "promoting the digital collection, display, and utilization of cultural relic resources"; the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Opinions on Promoting the Implementation of the National Cultural Digitalization Strategy", proposing to develop new digital cultural consumption scenarios and vigorously develop new digital cultural experiences that integrate online and offline and combine online and on-site.
Let Chinese civilization enter life in a more lively and novel form, and let the wisdom of thousands of years be integrated into daily life in a tangible and accessible way. The power of technology is profoundly changing people's cultural life. "Jia Yao" (伽瑶) of Dunhuang (敦煌), "Ai Wenwen" (艾雯雯) of the National Museum of China (国家博物馆), "Qin Xiaoya" (秦筱雅) who performs Qin Opera (秦腔)... When ancient civilizations become "digital lives" that can be talked to, and when people can personally step into history, the distance between people and civilization is closer, and the outstanding traditional Chinese culture is more vibrant in the new era.
In the era of digital intelligence, questioning the vast five thousand years, cutting-edge technologies represented by AI are empowering cultural relic protection and utilization and cultural heritage protection and inheritance in an unprecedented way.
Wang Wanfu (汪万福), deputy director of the Protection and Research Department of the Dunhuang Research Institute (敦煌研究院), suggested that the state should standardize the digital standard system for cultural relics and explore the formation of standard digital resources for cultural relics; Chen Jianli (陈建立), secretary of the Party Committee of the School of Archaeology and Museology of Peking University (北京大学), believes that cultivating compound talents in scientific and technological archaeology, enabling students to master scientific and technological archaeological methods such as geological exploration, spatial analysis, and component analysis, and possessing interdisciplinary thinking and innovation capabilities... are all feasible paths to further release the potential of AI in the practice of cultural protection, inheritance, and utilization.
"The professional knowledge, critical thinking, and field experience of archaeologists are irreplaceable by AI. With human-machine collaboration as the standard practice, the archaeologist should always be the one holding the tools and deciding how to use them," said Wen Shaoqing (文少卿).
Return to TopBy: 张 贺
Recently, the State Council (国务院) approved the establishment of "National Reading Activity Week" every fourth week of April. From the "World Book Day" on April 23 to the "National Reading Activity Week," it is not only an extension of time but also an enrichment of connotation and an increase in influence. The establishment of "National Reading Activity Week" will further promote the construction of a "Scholarly China" (书香中国) and illuminate the journey of building a strong country and national rejuvenation with the light of reading.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China's national reading work has been steadily advanced. The comprehensive reading rate of the population has increased from 76.3% in 2012 to 82.1% in 2024, and the per capita reading volume has increased from 6.74 books to 8.31 books. For a large country with a population of over 1.4 billion, even the slightest change in numbers means a huge improvement in the reading lives of millions or even tens of millions of people.
China's national reading has made such great progress, thanks to the national reading activities innovatively carried out in various places. Brand-name national reading activities such as the Beijing Reading Season (北京阅读季), the Nan Guo Book Festival (南国书香节), the Shanghai Book Fair (上海书展), the Beijing Book Market (北京书市), and the Shenzhen Reading Month (深圳读书月) have become festivals for readers and feasts for reading, from book exhibitions to lectures by famous experts, which are wonderful and fascinating. The "Beijing University Student Reading Festival" (北京大学生读书节), the "Jiangsu Farmers Reading Festival" (江苏农民读书节), and the "Ningxia Rural Reading Festival" (宁夏乡村阅读节), etc., focus on specific groups and are colorful and full of vitality. In recent years, innovative national reading activities such as the "Subway Reading Season" and "Bus Reading Festival" have also emerged. It is these distinctive national reading activities that have popularized the concept of reading, expanded the reading population, and attracted more and more people to engage in reading.
However, the pursuit of the spirit is endless, and today's readers' expectations for reading are very different from the past. More than a decade ago, readers were concerned about whether there were "enough" reading resources, but today they care about whether they are "good" and "refined." Today's readers have higher requirements for the content quality of publications, the elegant and comfortable reading environment, and the quality and connotation of reading activities. Facing "discerning" readers, national reading work can only meet readers' "appetites" by constantly seeking innovation and change and improving quality and efficiency.
Various places further innovate the forms of national reading activities on the original basis to enhance their pertinence and attractiveness. Today's readers' reading interests and concerns clearly show a trend of segmentation, differentiation, and diversification. Readers of different ages, genders, occupations, and classes have very different hobbies. In online book communities, there are as many as tens of thousands of discussion groups on various topics. Therefore, national reading activities must fully consider the characteristics of the target audience, be targeted, and accurately diagnose the situation in order to achieve ideal results.
Further protect the masses' reading rights and enhance their sense of gain and happiness in reading. Recent national reading surveys have found that more than 70% of the masses expect to increase national reading activities. For the masses, participating in national reading activities not only allows them to buy books at preferential prices but also provides valuable opportunities to talk with authors and communicate with book friends at close range. The full house and enthusiastic response of the annual Readers' Conference is a vivid footnote to the masses' enthusiasm for reading.
Create a scholarly atmosphere in the whole society and make it more intense. "嘤其鸣矣，求其友声" (yīng qí míng yǐ, qiú qí yǒu shēng - "The birds cry out, seeking their companions' voices," to seek like-minded friends). National reading activities bring together many readers, authors, publishers, and promoters to create an atmosphere. In a strong or even enthusiastic scholarly atmosphere, even people who do not usually read may want to pick up a book and browse through it. Take pride in loving to read and be ashamed of not reading. If the whole society establishes this concept, then the ubiquitous scholarly atmosphere will surely become a distinct symbol of a "Scholarly China" (书香中国).
In short, the establishment of "National Reading Activity Week" is a necessary measure to adapt to the trend of the times, meet the reading expectations of the masses, and build a "Scholarly China" (书香中国).
The highest realm of reading should be to make reading as indispensable as eating and sleeping. Promoting the normalization and lifestyle of reading is an important goal of national reading activities. When reading becomes a way of life, and when the whole society participates in reading, the social atmosphere of loving to read, reading good books, and being good at reading will surely become more intense and lasting, and gather into a cultural force to realize Chinese-style modernization.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 顾 春
The slanting sun shines through the window lattices, casting dappled light on the workbench. Chen Jianwei (陈建伟), a municipal-level representative inheritor of the Xianju Flower Lantern (仙居花灯), a representative project of the national intangible cultural heritage, leans over and holds a needle. The embroidery needle, slightly thicker than a strand of hair, gently moves across the rice paper. As the pinholes bloom into continuous dotted lines, the curves of the peony petals gradually come to life.
"Needle-pierced holes, boneless lantern body, this is the Xianju needle-pierced boneless flower lantern," Chen Jianwei (陈建伟) said, his hands working non-stop, as he narrated the history of the Xianju Flower Lantern (仙居花灯).
The Xianju Flower Lantern (仙居花灯), also known as the Xianju Needle-Pierced Boneless Flower Lantern (仙居针刺无骨花灯), can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. Decades ago, the art of Xianju Flower Lantern (仙居花灯) was almost lost. In 1983, Li Xiangman (李湘满), the former director of the Poutan Township (皤滩乡) Cultural Station in Xianju County (仙居县), learned from an old man that there was a uniquely shaped, exquisitely made, and boneless flower lantern in Poutan Ancient Town (皤滩古镇), which locals called "Tang Lantern (唐灯)." He traveled all over the townships of Xianju (仙居), and even went to Dongyang (东阳) and Yiwu (义乌), searching for old lantern-making craftsmen scattered among the people, collecting surviving drawings and oral techniques, and finally restored the "Tang Lantern (唐灯)" that had been lost for more than 50 years, and successively excavated 27 traditional varieties.
In 2006, the Xianju Flower Lantern (仙居花灯) was selected into the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.
Chen Jianwei's (陈建伟) skillful hands flew, and a peony flower has been扎成型, and the bird above also has a prototype.
Different from traditional Chinese lanterns with bamboo and wood as the frame and silk and gauze as the lantern surface, the materials for making Xianju Flower Lantern (仙居花灯) are just an ordinary piece of paper.
First, it is necessary to select high-purity, light, flexible, and uniformly translucent pearlescent paper and color card paper, cut the corresponding paper according to the size of the pre-designed drawings, align them, and use a paper cone to position them before starting to chisel the flowers. After chiseling the flowers, a layer of tracing paper must be pasted. After that, the lantern pieces need to be ironed flat again... Chen Jianwei (陈建伟) is already familiar with these steps. Among them, the most difficult is "needle piercing": an embroidery needle that is slightly thicker than a strand of hair, and can even "float on water," pierces 100 to 150 pinholes on each square centimeter of paper. A flower lantern has tens of thousands of holes, and millions of holes depending on the shape and size. "The process requires 一气呵成 (yī qì hē chéng - "one breath accomplish," to do something in one go; to carry something through)," Chen Jianwei (陈建伟) said, "it is inferior to re-pierce the needle if it is crooked."
Growing up in Poutan (皤滩) since childhood, Chen Jianwei (陈建伟) had an early impression of the Xianju Flower Lantern (仙居花灯). The beams and pillars of "Daming Hall (大明堂)" and "Grand Scholar's Mansion (大学士府)" on Poutan Ancient Street (皤滩古街) are carved with Xianju Flower Lanterns (仙居花灯); every festival, lanterns without bones and exquisite lanterns can always decorate a lively scene of "a forest of lights and silver flowers that never sleeps."
The childhood influence planted a seed in Chen Jianwei's (陈建伟) heart. In 2006, at the age of 25, he began to learn lantern making from Wang Rulan (王汝兰), a national intangible cultural heritage representative inheritor of Xianju Flower Lantern (仙居花灯). Stroke by stroke, stitch by stitch, nearly two decades have passed in a flash.
"Can we innovate styles and improve craftsmanship to allow Xianju Flower Lanterns (仙居花灯) to return to ordinary people's homes?" "Can we integrate modern design concepts with traditional craftsmanship to achieve a combination of traditional culture and modern aesthetics, and give the craft new vitality?" These are the questions that Chen Jianwei (陈建伟) has considered the most in recent years.
At present, the vigorous rural cultural tourism has given the flower lantern a platform and opportunity to break the circle. Chen Jianwei (陈建伟) has developed a flower lantern handmade kit to lower the threshold for people to contact intangible cultural heritage; Poutan Township (皤滩乡) has opened a flower lantern common prosperity workshop, attracting a large number of students and tourists. According to reports, Xianju (仙居) promotes the entry of intangible cultural heritage skills into schools, establishes flower lantern clubs, compiles flower lantern school-based textbooks, conducts flower lantern art festivals, and arranges flower lantern exhibition halls. At the same time, it also establishes master studios. Xianju Vocational High School (仙居职业中专) was awarded the "Zhejiang Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritance and Teaching Base (浙江省非物质文化遗产传承教学基地)" in 2010 for "Xianju Flower Lantern Making Skills (仙居花灯制作技艺)."
"When the gongs and drums sound, the soles of the feet itch; the children are really happy. Du Shu Temple (杜蜀殿), look at the lanterns; long flag lanterns, drum pavilion lanterns, pagoda lanterns, God of Wealth lanterns." In the ballad, each flower lantern, between each stitch and stab, fully shows its charm. They tell the story of ancient skills and also express beautiful wishes for the future.
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Return to TopFrom November 9th to 21st, the 15th National Games was held in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区). From the cheers at the Dongguan Basketball Center (东莞篮球中心) to the splashing waves at the Shenzhen Universiade Swimming Pool (深圳大运游泳馆), the passion of sports and the wisdom of technology converged here. As a pioneer in the communications industry, Guangdong Mobile (广东移动) inherited the "daring to be first" spirit and deeply embedded 5G-A technology into event support and people's livelihood services. From the three dimensions of "new viewing experience, new travel experience, and new entertainment experience," it created a convenient experience of "5G-A National Games for all, the closer to Guangdong, the more exciting."
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November 20th
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By: 高 翔
This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement, and global climate governance has entered a critical stage. The 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (《联合国气候变化框架公约》) is being held in Belém, Brazil, focusing on a number of important climate issues, calling on the world to work together to find common solutions to address the climate crisis, accelerate emission reductions, enhance climate resilience, and promote inclusive and just transitions.
Ten years ago, with the joint efforts of leaders from various countries, including President Xi Jinping (习近平), the world reached the Paris Agreement with the greatest consensus to promote the effective implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (《联合国气候变化框架公约》) (hereinafter referred to as the "Convention"), pointing the way for jointly addressing climate change. Over the past 10 years, the parties to the Paris Agreement have taken pragmatic actions based on their commitments, reducing the expected global warming at the end of this century from more than 4 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels to 2.1-2.8 degrees Celsius.
Currently, some countries' policies are repeated and regressive, creating new obstacles to global climate governance. As a responsible major country, China has always adhered to multilateralism, practiced its autonomous commitments, deepened international cooperation, promoted the consensus of the international community, and injected confidence into the global response to climate change challenges with pragmatic actions.
A staunch defender of multilateral mechanisms
Promoting the smooth transition of the Paris Agreement from signing and entry into force to implementation
Ten years ago, facing the increasingly divided interests of countries in climate action, President Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out in his speech at the opening ceremony of the Paris Climate Change Conference that the Paris Agreement should be conducive to achieving the goals of the Convention and leading green development; conducive to gathering global forces and encouraging broad participation; conducive to increasing investment and strengthening action guarantees; and conducive to taking into account the national conditions of various countries and emphasizing pragmatism and effectiveness. China has made unremitting efforts to promote global cooperation in addressing climate change, promoted all parties to reach the Paris Agreement through arduous negotiations, and practiced true multilateralism.
In January 2017, facing the countercurrent of the United States' possible withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, President Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized in his keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2017 that the Paris Agreement is in line with the general direction of global development, and its achievements have not been easy to come by and should be jointly adhered to and not easily abandoned. China's ideas and actions have conveyed China's positive signal of adhering to multilateralism and promoting global climate governance, strengthened global confidence in maintaining multilateralism and jointly addressing climate change, and promoted the smooth transition of the Paris Agreement from signing and entry into force to implementation.
In recent years, some developed countries have implemented unilateralism and protectionism measures, setting up barriers to international trade in green technologies and products under the guise of avoiding "carbon leakage" and ensuring economic security. These practices violate the principles of the Convention and the rules of the World Trade Organization in law, and in fact artificially raise the economic costs of promoting green technologies and products globally, hinder the fair and sustainable development of developing countries with greener technologies, drag down the global low-carbon transition process, and undermine the effectiveness of global climate governance.
China has clearly proposed setting the agenda in the Convention process and resolving the adverse effects of unilateralist trade barriers on global climate change through multilateral negotiations, which has been unanimously supported by developing countries. At present, China is working with all parties to promote the success of COP30, unite the international community to practice multilateralism, continue to promote the construction of an open and inclusive global green transition environment, and inject more stability and certainty into global climate governance.
A solid practitioner of autonomous commitments
Achieving green transformation through institutional innovation and technological breakthroughs, providing a "China sample" for global emission reduction
COP30 President André Corrêa do Lago pointed out in his first open letter to the world: "Words and clauses must be translated into concrete actions and practical changes, and the credibility and effectiveness of the entire mechanism are tied to this."
In 2009, China independently proposed the 2020 carbon intensity reduction target, and after arduous efforts, it overfulfilled its commitment. In order to promote the conclusion of the Paris Agreement, China proposed the national independent contribution target for 2030 in June 2015, demonstrating China's determination to promote the multilateral process of climate governance. In 2020, when global climate governance fell into a downturn, China announced the "dual carbon" goal, injecting strong impetus into global climate governance. In September this year, China announced its 2035 national independent contribution target, realizing the first leap from carbon intensity control to absolute emission reduction, and historically expanding to the entire economic scope. This is not only China's action to implement the Paris Agreement, but also points the way for China's green and low-carbon transformation in the next 10 years, redeploying the implementation of the "dual carbon" goal, reflecting China's national strategy to actively address climate change and its unwavering determination to implement the "dual carbon" goal.
China conscientiously implements its national independent contributions, actively and steadily promotes the "dual carbon" goal, formulates a "1+N" policy system, and achieves green transformation through institutional innovation and technological breakthroughs, providing a "China sample" for global emission reduction. In 2024, non-fossil energy accounted for 19.8% of China's primary energy consumption, completing the 2030 national independent contribution target for total installed capacity of wind power and solar power and forest stock ahead of schedule, and has been the world's largest producer, installer and exporter of renewable energy equipment for many years, and the production, sales and export of electric vehicles have surpassed traditional automobile powers. China's national carbon emission trading market covers more than 60% of the country's carbon emissions, and climate adaptation measures and actions such as climate disaster early warning and forecasting, climate-adaptive city construction, and protection and restoration of mangrove forests are at the forefront of the world... These demonstrate that China has always been a pragmatist and actionist in addressing climate change.
It is precisely based on solid actions and results that China has proposed the "1+3+3" 2035 national independent contribution target, which systematically covers absolute emission reduction, key areas, and important systems, fully demonstrating China's firm determination to actively address climate change and implement the "dual carbon" goal with unchanged direction and undiminished efforts, demonstrating the greatest ambition and efforts, and reflecting the greatest efforts made based on national conditions and development stages.
An active promoter of international cooperation
Holding more than 300 seminars on South-South cooperation capacity building to address climate change, training more than 10,000 experts for more than 120 developing countries
In April this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out at the Leaders Summit on Climate and Just Transition that openness and inclusiveness should transcend divisions and conflicts, and cooperation should promote technological innovation and industrial transformation, so that high-quality green technologies and products can circulate freely, so that all countries, especially the vast number of developing countries, can use them, afford them, and use them well. As a member of the Global South, China will vigorously deepen South-South cooperation and continue to provide assistance to other developing countries within its capabilities.
Since proposing the "Ten Hundred Thousand" initiative for South-South cooperation on climate change in 2015, China has provided and mobilized more than 177 billion yuan in project funds for South-South cooperation on climate change, strongly supporting other developing countries. As of the end of 2024, China has successfully held more than 300 seminars on South-South cooperation capacity building to address climate change, training more than 10,000 experts for more than 120 developing countries, and helping other developing countries improve their ability to address climate change by building low-carbon demonstration zones through cooperation and donating photovoltaic power generation equipment, early warning systems, and clean stoves.
Electricity is the basic condition for modern production, and clean electricity is a necessary guarantee for green modernization. In September 2023, in order to implement the China-Africa Cooperation Declaration on Addressing Climate Change, China announced the implementation of the "African Light Belt" project at the first African Climate Summit. In June this year, the "African Light Belt" São Tomé and Príncipe (hereinafter referred to as "São Tomé") project was delivered. As a small island country, São Tomé's chronic severe power shortage has become a "bottleneck" problem for national modernization, which not only seriously affects the quality of life of the people, but also becomes an important reason hindering foreign investment. The "African Light Belt" provides the country with 3,100 sets of household solar photovoltaic power generation systems, covering about 1/10 of the country's households. Local resident Margarida exclaimed: "In the past, it was dark here at night, and we could only stay indoors at 6 pm. Now the photovoltaic system has changed everyone's life. Thank you very much to China for donating these materials to us."
China's clean energy cooperation with Africa has also become a model of "teaching people how to fish." The Garissa 50 MW photovoltaic power station in Kenya is a benchmark project for China-Africa renewable energy cooperation. Chinese companies not only installed solar panels for the local area, but also provided a package of solutions including "funds + technology + construction + training" to help African countries enhance their own "blood-making" capabilities. China's South-South cooperation on climate change is systematically helping African countries such as Kenya tap into their solar energy potential and embark on a green, low-carbon development path suitable for the local area.
A key coordinator of climate conferences
In the last few days of each climate conference, the reception room of the Chinese delegation is always full of guests
Climate conferences are a "battlefield" for the game of interests of all parties. China has always played an irreplaceable role in promoting all parties to seek the greatest common divisor and form consensus.
In the last few days of each climate conference, the reception room of the Chinese delegation is always full of guests. Members of the Chinese delegation shuttle between the conference president, the UN Secretary-General, the Executive Secretary's Office of the Convention, the conference venue, the main national delegations, the press conference hall, etc., to widely understand the demands of all parties and actively help the conference president find bridging solutions. "Go to the Chinese delegation when you encounter hard bones" has become a consensus of the presidents of previous conferences and the United Nations.
China has played a key role in facilitating climate finance negotiations. Climate finance has always been the focus of negotiations. Developed countries have failed to fulfill their funding obligations under the Convention and its Paris Agreement, which has aroused dissatisfaction among developing countries. The COP29 conference in 2024 has not been able to reach a consensus on the new collective quantified goal of climate finance, which is of global concern, and representatives of small island countries even left the meeting in anger. China announced for the first time at the meeting that in order to support developing countries in improving their ability to address climate change, China has provided and mobilized more than 177 billion yuan in project funds since 2016, which not only provided impetus for developing countries to take action, but also put pressure on developed countries to negotiate. China supports the President of the Conference, Azerbaijan, and shares the demands and analysis made by the delegation with Azerbaijan, contributing to the President's proposal of solutions leading to final results.
Chinese representatives also actively undertake the organization and coordination of negotiations, leading all parties to maintain and promote the multilateral process. Since the Paris Agreement was reached in 2015, many Chinese negotiators have successively served as the chairpersons of the negotiation agenda on transparency of climate change action and support. This year, one of the two co-chairs in the global adaptation goal negotiation, one of the biggest difficulties in COP30, also comes from China. Chinese representatives have also long served as the coordinator of the "Group of 77 and China" on climate technology issues, and the coordinator of groups of developing countries with similar positions on issues such as national independent contributions, mitigation, and adaptation, playing a positive role in uniting developing countries and promoting consensus among all parties.
Pragmatically promoting low-carbon transformation, strengthening climate adaptation, and actively carrying out South-South cooperation... In the 10 years since the Paris Agreement was reached, China has kept its promises and demonstrated the responsibility of a major developing country, becoming a reliable leading force in global climate governance, providing action guidance for global climate governance, and promoting the construction of a fair and reasonable, cooperative and win-win global climate governance system.
(The author is a researcher at the China National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International Cooperation)
Return to TopBy: 科雷·安德森·努内斯·查加斯
The 30th Conference of the Parties (COP30) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, to be held in Belém (贝伦), the capital of Pará (帕拉) State in northern Brazil, is an important milestone in advancing global climate governance. Discussions on climate change among countries around the world are unfolding in one of the most vibrant and threatened ecosystems on Earth – the Amazon rainforest region, a land that has become an important stage for the Global South to envision a new vision of sustainable development.
As the world's largest developing country, China's performance in the 10 years since the Paris Agreement was reached reflects the responsibility of a major country. China's "dual carbon" goals – striving to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 – are driving changes in China's energy structure and industrial system. Currently, China ranks first in the world in terms of installed renewable energy capacity and investment scale, providing continuous impetus for building a global green supply chain. As the world's largest producer of solar panels, wind turbines and electric vehicles, China has built an ecosystem that closely integrates clean energy innovation with industrial upgrading. From central planning to local practice, China has formed supporting systems such as carbon markets, green credit, and energy efficiency standards, actively promoting the transformation of macro goals into concrete actions.
Unlike some countries that have repeatedly withdrawn from the Paris Agreement or weakened their climate commitments, China has demonstrated execution and sustainability in balancing emission reduction and development, viewing climate change as a new driving force for national development. This concept resonates in Latin American countries such as Brazil, Chile and Peru. For the Global South, climate action is not only about emission reduction, but also about the right to development, fairness and improvement of people's livelihoods. China provides an important inspiration for developing countries: green transition is not just an environmental issue, but a path choice for the country to move towards modernization.
For a long time, global climate governance has often been dominated by developed countries. China is constantly leading the improvement of international cooperation on climate change, gradually breaking this old model, emphasizing that countries promote the construction of a more inclusive and just climate governance system through technology sharing, common development and win-win cooperation.
In the process of preparing for COP30, China is not only an important participant, but also an active coordinator, playing a bridging role under the multilateral framework. On the one hand, China connects the development and emission reduction demands of developing countries with the responsibilities and financial obligations of developed countries; on the other hand, China helps all parties form feasible solutions through a combination of technical cooperation, capacity building and financial mobilization. As we have seen in the past 10 years, China has become a "stabilizer" in consolidating global consensus on climate governance.
In recent years, China-Latin America climate cooperation has continued to expand its connotation and enrich its forms. From clean energy development to land restoration, from low-carbon city construction to the development of green finance, the forms of cooperation are increasingly improved. Under the China-CELAC Forum mechanism, a number of initiatives focus on green transition. In the face of the rising protectionism in the global clean energy transition, China's open attitude is particularly valuable. As the world's largest exporter of clean technology, China's strengthening of industrial cooperation with Latin American countries has significant value in reducing the cost of green transition in Latin America.
China-Latin America climate cooperation also carries a deeper civilizational significance. Although from different cultures, China's concept of ecological civilization and Latin America's "good life" philosophy both emphasize the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, and oppose the exchange of excessive development for short-term growth. In Belém (贝伦), a city that connects primitive forests and modern life, these two concepts converge, and a consensus for the future is forming, which emphasizes the balance between the right to development and the right to ecology, and will promote global sustainable development.
The Belém (贝伦) conference provides an opportunity for the world to witness how developing countries can take control of their own destiny. China's active response to climate change and promotion of broader cooperation in the Global South illustrate that the path to a low-carbon future and sustainable development must advocate equality, inclusiveness, and cooperation, and requires countries to cooperate at multiple levels, such as policy, diplomacy, and technology, to jointly practice the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. We look forward to COP30 amplifying this spirit of mutual respect and solidarity and mutual assistance, and inspiring countries around the world to jointly write a new chapter towards a green future.
(The author is the President of the State University of Pará (帕拉州立大学) in Brazil and a scholar of social environment and sustainable development in humid tropics)
By: 本报记者 邱超奕
Walking into the terminal of Xining Caojiabao International Airport (hereinafter referred to as "Xining Airport"), one sees a bustling scene of passengers, with 80 check-in counters and 26 security lanes operating in an orderly manner.
In August of this year, the third-phase expansion project of Xining Airport, including the new Terminal 3, integrated transportation center, apron, and cargo station, was put into operation. What challenges did this new airport, expanded on the roof of the world, overcome? What new experiences does it bring to passengers? What important significance does it have for promoting economic development? The reporter conducted an interview.
Facing severe tests such as extreme freeze-thaw cycles and extreme temperature differences, the project construction has achieved a series of new breakthroughs.
In a corner of Qingsha Mountain in Haidong City (海东市), Qinghai Province, Ma Zhengwei, an aviation photography enthusiast, often gazes into the distance with his camera. Through the lens, the third-phase expansion project of Xining Airport is fully visible. "Looking at the new Terminal 3 from a distance, it resembles a 'plateau elf' black-necked crane spreading its wings, with a silver-white roof like a dazzling glacier, and the three finger corridors like the confluence of three rivers, which is very spectacular!" Ma Zhengwei said excitedly. From construction to completion and operation, the frames of images he captured have attracted hundreds of thousands of netizens to like them.
Airport expansion is a complicated project. The unique natural environment, complex infrastructure tasks, coupled with the requirements of continuous operation, bring many challenges to the third-phase expansion project of Xining Airport. The construction team faced severe tests such as extreme freeze-thaw cycles and extreme temperature differences, and achieved a series of new breakthroughs.
——Building pavements on a "dried-out sponge."
The expansion area of the airport's flight zone exceeds 440,000 square meters, and the difficulty lies in the fact that most of the area needs to be filled with soil. Xi Hao, Deputy General Manager of the Engineering Department of the Qinghai Province Airport Construction Headquarters, pointed to the flat pavement and explained that before construction, the maximum height difference here was about 40 meters, and the amount of filling reached 25.2 million cubic meters. What is even more troublesome is that this area is full of collapsible loess, which is like a dried-out sponge, prone to collapse when exposed to water, making it difficult to maintain flatness after filling. To this end, the construction team innovated the "layered controllable water injection + vibration compaction test" process, injecting a quantitative amount of water into specific areas like giving an injection, avoiding large-scale flooding, and then using road rollers to compact the layers.
"We strictly control the quality. After filling, the settlement amount per month must be less than 3 millimeters, and it must remain continuous for 3 months to pass the test," said Xi Hao. The soil layer must be backfilled and strongly compacted on average every 30 centimeters, and the highest point was filled with more than 160 layers. In order not to affect normal flight takeoffs and landings, most of the construction can only be carried out after the airport is closed in the early morning. "Although the construction is very difficult, we have taken on this tough task, solved the industry's problems, and effectively improved the safety and stability of the flight zone."
——Installing "big feet" on the pile foundations.
To build Terminal 3, about 2,300 piles need to be driven, the deepest exceeding 60 meters, penetrating dozens of geological layers such as pebble layers, fine sand layers, and moderately weathered mudstone layers. The geological conditions are complex. "Especially the 'pebble layer + moderately weathered mudstone layer'. If dry hole construction methods are used, the pebbles will collapse. If wet hole construction is used, the mudstone will soften when exposed to water. How can we make the construction safer and the pile foundation more stable? We thought of many ways," said Zhao Xingchen, project manager of China Construction Second Engineering Bureau, the general contractor of the terminal. The construction personnel adopted the method of "special proportion slurry wall protection + pile end enlarged bottom grouting" to ensure the formation of the hole. At the same time, by installing "big feet" at the bottom of the piles, the pile foundation can stand more stably and support more strongly.
——Matching a "smart brain" for complex projects.
The construction period of the project is 5 years, excluding winter breaks, the actual construction time is only 38 months. The construction area is adjacent to the existing operating area, and hundreds of units are working simultaneously, which brings great challenges to project management. For example, the construction distance between the integrated transportation center and the terminal is only about 20 meters. Elevated bridges need to be built in the air, roads need to be built on the ground, and pipe corridors need to be laid underground. Who builds first, who builds later, and how many personnel, machinery, and materials enter the site must be orderly controlled.
To this end, the construction team integrated Building Information Modeling (BIM), Geographic Information System (GIS), the Internet of Things and other technologies to build a smart construction management platform. Through a large amount of data analysis, the project progress is deduced, risk points are predicted, and various units are organized to operate efficiently, making the "complexities" become "**井井有条**" (jǐng jǐng yǒu tiáo - "everything in good order," in perfect order; neat and tidy). According to calculations, the platform has helped optimize thousands of design problems, saving 125 days of construction time and more than 23 million yuan in funds. "In the future, the platform can also be used for airport maintenance, repair, and renovation work, helping full life cycle management," said Xi Hao.
The new terminal creates a new window to showcase Qinghai, providing more green and convenient travel services.
In the atrium of Terminal 3, a blue "diamond" embedded in the roof is dazzling. This 700-square-meter skylight is known as the "Qinghai Diamond," reflecting the pure blue sky of the plateau and symbolizing Qinghai's important position as the "Water Tower of China." A group of sculptures "Sanjiangyuan (三江源)·China Water Tower" and the skylight "water and sky meet", the yellow, blue, and red ribbons correspond to the Yellow River (黄河), the Yangtze River (长江), and the Lancang River (澜沧江), winding down from the 21-meter-high air, which is very eye-catching.
"The airport expansion project focuses on deeply integrating green development methods into facilities and services." Zhang Hailin, Deputy General Manager of Western Airport Group Qinghai Airport Co., Ltd., introduced in detail: In terms of lighting, the skylight area of Terminal 3 reaches 25,000 square meters, which is equivalent to 1/4 of the roof area, and there is basically no need to turn on the lights indoors during the day; in terms of water use, a new rainwater storage tank of more than 7,000 cubic meters is built for green irrigation and road flushing; in terms of energy use, air conditioning and boiler heating are controlled by zones.
After the expansion project is put into operation, the convenience of passenger travel has been significantly improved.
In the airport's newly built smart operation center, flight dynamic information is updated in real time. "We integrate data from various departments such as the flight zone, terminal, and public area to achieve efficient coordination of passenger flow, baggage flow, and cargo flow." Zhang Hailin gave an example, such as the situation of aircraft docking at the bridge, which used to rely on manual statistics, and the utilization rate of the bridge was not high enough. Now it is digitally collected, which can not only optimize the current stand allocation, but also predict the stand occupancy in the next few hours, and adjust catering, personnel, vehicles and other service guarantees in a timely manner. Recently, the average daily flight volume of the airport has hit a record high, but the flight bridge rate has not decreased but increased, from 90% to nearly 100%, greatly reducing the situation of passengers traveling to and from remote stands.
"We have also boldly innovated and upgraded services for the security check and boarding links with more queues." Zhang Hailin introduced that the airport took the lead in launching three-door channel self-service verification gates in China, equipped with multi-eye camera technology, which completely solved the problems that self-service equipment is difficult to identify passengers following through, holding children through, etc., saving the time for manual verification of ID cards and boarding passes. In addition, passengers do not need to show credentials at the boarding gate, they can directly swipe their faces and enjoy a fast "unconscious" boarding experience.
Qinghai Lake (青海湖), Chaka Salt Lake (茶卡盐湖), Kunlun Mountain (昆仑山), Majiayao Painted Pottery (马家窑彩陶)... Walking through the airport finger corridor is like walking into a cultural corridor, adding more fun to the journey.
"As a new window to showcase Qinghai to the majority of passengers, the terminal pays special attention to deeply integrating Qinghai elements with airport design to enrich new humanistic airport services." Ma Yanqing, Deputy General Manager of Western Airport Group Qinghai Airport Co., Ltd., said that Qinghai's iconic natural scenery and cultural landscapes can be seen everywhere in the airport. There are interactive experience devices such as Tibetan carpets and Hehuang shadow puppets, and a Qinghai biodiversity micro-exhibition hall is opened to popularize snow leopards, black-necked cranes and other characteristic animals and plants. The airport has also added a number of micro-pressure oxygen chambers, intelligent induction changing rooms and mother and baby rooms to make passengers travel more comfortably.
The airport's flight support capacity has been greatly improved, and it is expected to meet transportation needs for the next 10 years or so.
Red cabbage moss, pea sprouts, fresh broad beans... At 9:00 a.m., Fu Zhipeng, head of the Mutual Maoyuan Agricultural Professional Cooperative in Linchuan Township, Huzhu Tu Autonomous County (互助土族自治县), Haidong City (海东市), Qinghai Province, packed 2 tons of fresh vegetables into boxes and sent them to trucks. One hour later, the truck drove into the cargo station of Xining Airport. At 16:10, the plane carrying the vegetables arrived at Shenzhen Airport. At 19:30, the batch of vegetables was already on the shelves of Shenzhen Haijixing Agricultural Wholesale Market. From the fields of Qinghai to the supermarkets of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao, the whole process takes only 10 hours.
"Our green agricultural products are very popular among consumers, and we have to send two or three tons of goods every day during the harvest season." Fu Zhipeng said that the airport provides farmers with fast and thoughtful transportation services, and also gives certain freight discounts. "With the help of air transportation, our vegetable sales area has expanded to Beijing (北京), Shanghai (上海), Sichuan (四川) and other places, and the planting area has increased from 600 mu to 2,000 mu, driving the surrounding villagers to employment and increase income."
Airport expansion helps promote development. "The new Terminal 3 has an area of 158,000 square meters, which is more than 3 times the total area of Terminals 1 and 2. In addition to the integrated transportation center, apron and cargo station, the entire third-phase expansion project has greatly improved the airport's comprehensive support capabilities." Ren Xiaosen, Chairman of Western Airport Group Qinghai Airport Co., Ltd., introduced that as early as more than 10 years ago, the annual passenger throughput of Xining Airport had exceeded the design capacity of 4 million passengers, which restricted the increase in passenger and cargo volume. After the expansion, the airport's design capacity has been increased to 21 million passengers per year, and the average daily flight support capacity has increased by 300 flights, which is expected to meet the transportation needs for the next 10 years or so.
Zhang Hailin analyzed that, in the short term, the total investment of the project is 10.712 billion yuan, providing more than 7,000 jobs at most, and also driving the purchase of construction machinery such as excavators, loaders, cranes, and transport vehicles, as well as civil aviation professional equipment such as boarding bridges and baggage systems, helping local stable employment, stable investment, and stable growth.
At present, the "industrial booster" role of Xining Airport is becoming increasingly prominent. Since the beginning of this year, the airport's cargo volume of plateau cold and cool vegetables has increased by 20% year-on-year, and the cargo export volume of Longyangxia (龙羊峡) salmon has increased by more than 5 times compared with last year. After the expansion, the airport's annual cargo and mail support capacity has increased from 40,000 tons to 120,000 tons, and more Qinghai specialty agricultural products will fly from here to all parts of the country and even overseas.
Looking at one area from one corner, the Western Airport Group, to which Xining Airport belongs, has effectively promoted traffic exchanges and coordinated development in the western region. "The third-phase expansion project of Xining Airport will effectively enhance the overall competitiveness and driving force of the airport group in the western region. On the one hand, by creating the 'Shaanxi-Qinghai Channel' from Xi'an (西安) to Xining, Qinghai can access more international routes, helping the inland hinterland to become a frontier of opening up. In addition, by increasing the air links between Xining Airport and branch airports in Tibet (西藏), Xinjiang (新疆), Ningxia (宁夏) and other places, the regions can enhance integration and interaction, and promote the circulation of factors," said Ren Xiaosen.
Return to TopBy: 刘志强
Persisting in focusing on developing the economy on the real economy, responding to the changing times with the certainty of "accelerating the construction of a manufacturing powerhouse," and firmly grasping the initiative of development in our own hands.
"Maintaining a reasonable proportion of manufacturing" - The "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五) proposal emphasizes this point when deploying the important strategic task of "building a modern industrial system and consolidating and strengthening the foundation of the real economy."
What is a "reasonable proportion"?
Neither "too high." The proportion of manufacturing added value in the gross domestic product (GDP) is related to manufacturing itself, as well as to other industries such as the service industry. In recent years, with the increasing scale of China's (中国) economy and the continuous upgrading of its structure, the proportion of the added value of the service industry has generally increased, and the proportion of manufacturing has decreased relative to the past. From 2010 to 2024, the structure of China's (我国) three industries has changed from 10.2:46.8:43.0 to 6.8:36.5:56.7. Although the scale of manufacturing added value is expanding, its proportion in the GDP has declined, which is also a general law of development in other economies.
Even more, it cannot be "too low." From the perspective of world economic history, the birth of many economically powerful countries began with manufacturing. Entering the post-industrialization stage, some countries "abandoned the real economy for the virtual," transferred industries, and experienced "industrial hollowing out," which in turn affected the stable growth of the economy and employment. As a large country, we must prevent this trend.
For China (中国) in the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五) period, manufacturing is related to the steady improvement of economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and comprehensive national strength, and to the beautiful lives of hundreds of millions of people. We must guard the foundation and gradually strengthen it. From the perspective of its own development, manufacturing is the material basis of daily life, the solid support for the development of thousands of industries, and an important carrier for absorbing employment. From the perspective of the external environment, international competition is becoming increasingly fierce, which also requires manufacturing to go further. Looking at the world, China (我国) has been the world's largest manufacturing country for many years, but this does not mean that we can **高枕无忧** (gāo zhěn wú yōu - "high pillow no worry," to be complacent and carefree). At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is developing in depth, and new technologies, new business forms, and new industries are emerging one after another, bringing opportunities and challenges to the industrial development of various countries. Seizing it is an opportunity, and we can seize favorable terrain and gradually consolidate our advantages. Failing to seize it is a challenge, and we may "be slow one step and slow every step," and even be abandoned by the times. Facing opportunities and challenges, we must persist in focusing on developing the economy on the real economy, responding to the changing times with the certainty of "accelerating the construction of a manufacturing powerhouse," and firmly grasping the initiative of development in our own hands.
Around "building a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone," "optimizing and upgrading traditional industries," and "cultivating and strengthening emerging industries and future industries," the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五) proposal has deployed many specific tasks. In summary, it focuses on "advanced," emphasizes "improvement," and moves from large to strong.
In 2024, China's (我国) manufacturing added value accounted for nearly 30% of the world's total; among the world's 500 major industrial products, China (我国) ranked first in the world in the output of more than 220 products, producing more than 70% of the world's lithium batteries and photovoltaic modules, and more than 60% of new energy vehicles and wind power equipment... Having gone through the "14th Five-Year Plan" (十四五), the increase in quantity and quality of "Made in China" (中国制造) is hard-won.
While seeing the achievements, we must also see the shortcomings and bottlenecks. The ability of original innovation is insufficient, some key industrial fields still face technological gaps, and many traditional industries are still at the bottom of the "smile curve"... These shortcomings and bottlenecks are the barriers we must overcome to move towards a manufacturing powerhouse. Looking forward to the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五), whether it is "promoting the quality and upgrading of key industries," "promoting the digital and intelligent transformation of manufacturing," or "focusing on building emerging pillar industries" and "proactively laying out future industries," we need to aim at higher goals and make sufficient efforts in the "improvement" of various industries, fields, and links.
In short, "maintaining a reasonable proportion of manufacturing" is closely linked to the development situation and actual needs, and releases a clear policy orientation for developing the real economy to the whole society. By deeply cultivating the real economy and continuously promoting the high-quality development of manufacturing, the strength of "Made in China" (中国制造) will be stronger and the foundation will be more stable, and "maintaining a reasonable proportion of manufacturing" will not be difficult to achieve.
Return to TopTen Departments Issue "Plan" to Promote Open and Interconnected Logistics Data
Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), the National Data Bureau (国家数据局), and other 10 departments issued the "Implementation Plan on Promoting Open and Interconnected Logistics Data and Effectively Reducing Logistics Costs for the Whole Society." The "Plan" proposes a series of measures from consolidating the foundation for open and interconnected logistics data, promoting the opening and interconnection of public logistics data, and promoting the market-oriented circulation and utilization of enterprise logistics data. The "Plan" proposes to strengthen the sharing and opening of public logistics data. Establish a national list of public logistics data sharing and opening, clarify the scope of public logistics data sharing according to the needs of industry management and government services, and strengthen the collection and sharing of data such as enterprise qualifications, practitioners, vehicle and vessel registration, and customs clearance logistics. Increase the opening of public logistics data such as infrastructure, transportation capacity, and prices. Support leading logistics enterprises and platform enterprises to jointly build a credible data space for the logistics industry, establish and improve mechanisms for enterprise data collection, extraction, application, and protection, and promote the credible circulation and collaborative utilization of logistics data.
(Wang Yunshan (王云杉))
Implementation Plan for High-Quality Development of Water-Saving Equipment Issued
Recently, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) and the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for High-Quality Development of Water-Saving Equipment (2025-2030)," proposing that by 2027, breakthroughs will be made in key water-saving equipment, the standard system for water-saving equipment will be more complete, and a number of leading water-saving equipment enterprises and manufacturing individual champions, specialized and new "little giant" enterprises, etc. will be cultivated; by 2030, a comprehensive and technologically advanced water-saving equipment system will be built, and the supply capacity of high-performance, high-efficiency, and high-reliability water-saving equipment will be continuously enhanced. The implementation plan focuses on general equipment with high water consumption in production process flows, and proposes key components, materials, and processes that urgently need to be tackled for water-saving equipment, focusing on promoting the development and digital and intelligent transformation of water supply, water use, and reuse equipment. In terms of optimizing the industrial innovation and development environment, it is proposed to support the updating and technological transformation of water-using equipment in key industries, accelerate the development of urgently needed standards in key areas of water-saving equipment, and carry out training on water-saving laws, regulations, policies, standards, and technologies.
(Liu Wenxin (刘温馨))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 丁怡婷
Gansu Qingyang (甘肃庆阳), the two 1 million kilowatt coal-fired power generating units of China Huaneng Zhengning Power Plant (华能正宁电厂) are operating at full "firepower" to ensure winter energy supply. "The two units operating at full load for one day can generate 48 million kilowatt-hours of electricity, which can meet the electricity needs of millions of households for one day. The vast majority of the electricity will be sent to Shandong (山东) through ultra-high voltage," said Zhang Yanwei (张延伟), director of the power plant.
Beside the units, a super "carbon catcher" is busy working, helping coal power to be cleaner and lower in carbon emissions while ensuring peak supply, with a carbon dioxide capture rate of over 90%. This is the world's largest coal-fired power carbon capture demonstration project, which was put into operation in September this year, capturing 1.5 million tons of carbon dioxide annually, equivalent to the carbon emissions of about 600,000 cars per year.
In China (我国), coal power, with less than 40% of the installed capacity, contributes more than 50% of the power generation and 70% of the peak capacity, playing the role of a "backbone" for power supply, but it also faces the challenge of reducing carbon emissions. The carbon capture demonstration project of China Huaneng Zhengning Power Plant (华能正宁电厂) effectively solves the problem, and the technology and equipment are all produced domestically.
Carbon capture has a "super workshop" - the world's first "two-tower-in-one" composite absorption tower.
In the traditional carbon capture process, the flue gas after desulfurization needs to first enter a pre-washing tower to cool down and "bathe", removing moisture, residual gypsum, fly ash, and small amounts of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, and then enter the absorption tower, so that carbon dioxide is captured by the absorption solvent. The two towers operate independently, and the flue gas transmission route is long and the resistance is high.
In order to break through this bottleneck, the project innovatively adopts a composite absorption tower "two-tower-in-one" design, deeply integrating the flue gas pre-washing and carbon capture links into a "super workshop", and maximizing heat utilization through intermediate circulating cooling and other energy-saving technologies, achieving significant energy-saving effects.
The new absorption solvent independently developed by China Huaneng (中国华能) is an "efficient catcher", specially responsible for capturing carbon dioxide in the flue gas in the absorption tower. "The concentration of carbon dioxide produced by coal power is 10% to 15%. This new type of absorption solvent can efficiently and stably capture carbon dioxide, and the purity of the produced carbon dioxide reaches more than 99%," said Niu Hongwei (牛红伟), deputy director of the Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Department of the Huaneng Clean Energy Technology Research Institute (华能清洁能源技术研究院温室气体减排部). The new absorption solvent is equipped with an independently developed purification device, which can extend the service life of the solvent from about 1 year to more than 2 years, effectively reducing the frequency of replacement and operating consumption. Among similar technologies, it can complete carbon capture with higher efficiency and lower cost, and its economy is leading at home and abroad.
Carbon compression has a "packaging expert" - China's (我国) first eight-stage supercritical carbon dioxide compressor.
How can the carbon dioxide captured by the absorption solvent be turned into a state that is convenient for transportation and storage? The project developed China's (我国) first eight-stage supercritical carbon dioxide compressor, which can compress the captured gaseous carbon dioxide to a supercritical state, reducing the volume to 1/300 of the original, helping to improve pipeline transportation efficiency.
Niu Hongwei (牛红伟) explained that this compressor has 8 compression cylinders, which pressurize carbon dioxide step by step, filling the gap in domestic supercritical compression equipment. The total weight is reduced by 20% compared with the traditional single-shaft compressor, the efficiency is increased by 10%, and 10 kilowatt-hours of electricity can be saved for every ton of carbon dioxide compressed, providing equipment support for large-scale pipeline transportation and storage of captured carbon dioxide.
Carbon sequestration has an "underground safe warehouse" - the deepest saline aquifer with the largest single-well scale in China (国内).
The project innovatively adopts multi-layer injection technology, injecting the captured carbon dioxide into 3 to 4 formations 2,000 to 3,500 meters deep underground, just like multi-layer shelves, which greatly increases the storage capacity, and the annual storage capacity of a single well reaches 200,000 tons. The storage point is also equipped with an integrated "space-air-ground-well" monitoring system, which uses satellite remote sensing, ground monitoring, underground well networks and other methods to conduct all-round monitoring of the storage effect to ensure long-term safe and efficient storage.
Zhang Yanwei (张延伟) introduced that this coal-fired power carbon capture demonstration project is a "multi-faceted player", which can not only capture carbon dioxide, but also has an operating mode with auxiliary peak-shaving capabilities, so that coal-fired power units can have flexible adjustment capabilities while achieving large-scale carbon capture, ensuring the safe and stable supply of electricity.
According to the "Implementation Plan for the New Generation of Coal Power Upgrade Special Action (2025-2027)", coal power units will actively promote the application of advanced and innovative technologies. These include adopting zero-carbon and low-carbon fuel blending, carbon capture utilization and storage, coal power and new energy coupling and other technologies in accordance with local conditions to improve the clean and carbon reduction technology level of the units.
Return to TopIn recent days, the DJI Yangtze River Delta Supporting Industrial Park project was successfully signed and settled in Yuecheng District, Shaoxing City (绍兴市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省). It took only a hundred days from reaching a framework agreement to formal signing, reflecting the "Shaoxing Speed" and "Yuecheng Efficiency." In Yuecheng (越城), a vast "blue ocean of the sky" is accelerating its formation.
As one of the first batch of low-altitude economy "pioneer zones" in Zhejiang Province (浙江省), Yuecheng District (越城区) continues to optimize and improve its policy layout. With the attention and promotion at the provincial level, it constantly clarifies its direction and gathers synergy. Today, the industrial framework under this sky is becoming increasingly solid: the total investment of 2.05 billion yuan for the new low-altitude infrastructure project is advancing at full speed, the first AS700 manned airship in East China was officially delivered to Yuecheng (越城), and the Zhejiang Provincial Low-Altitude Public Safety Technology Research and Development Base, known as the "strongest brain for low-altitude public safety in the province," has also been established here.
From key components to complete machine manufacturing, from infrastructure to intelligent management and control, a complete industrial chain covering research and development, manufacturing, infrastructure, and scenarios is accelerating its formation. The dream of "Shaoxing-made" medium and large drones is taking off with the implementation of one project after another. Under the strong impetus of the emerging low-altitude economy, Yuecheng District (越城区) is systematically advancing and taking the lead in all aspects, continuously climbing "higher" and writing a new chapter of "starting from the core and heading towards the sky."
Stabilizing the platform to build a solid "integrated space-earth" safety foundation.
Building platforms, establishing systems, and setting standards are the primary tasks for Yuecheng District (越城区) to seize the low-altitude economy track. Since 2024, Yuecheng District (越城区) has built the Shaoxing Low-Altitude Economy Comprehensive Service Center (绍兴低空经济综合服务中心) and established nine characteristic platforms to consolidate the foundation for the development of the low-altitude economy.
Inside the Shaoxing Low-Altitude Economy Comprehensive Service Center (绍兴低空经济综合服务中心), electronic screens display real-time data on routes, take-off and landing points, and real-scene images, realizing visual supervision of the overall situation. Yuecheng District (越城区) has prepared a low-altitude "three networks" plan, building an infrastructure network, a route network, and a flight service network to construct an integrated air command system, ensuring that low-altitude flights can "take off, be seen, be managed, and be controlled."
In terms of infrastructure construction, Yuecheng District (越城区) is promoting the "512" new low-altitude infrastructure layout in the whole area, planning to build 5 large take-off and landing fields, 10 medium-sized take-off and landing fields, and 200 small and micro take-off and landing fields, and simultaneously promoting the construction of an 800-meter runway low-altitude test field. This year, the first phase of the project with a total investment of 2.05 billion yuan has started. At the same time, it is building a "515" low-altitude route network consisting of 5 trunk lines, 10 central lines, and 50 branch lines, and exploring the construction of a 36-kilometer-long low-altitude public route.
In terms of flight service support, Yuecheng District (越城区) has iteratively upgraded the low-altitude flight supervision and service platform to achieve full coverage of surveillance in the zero-to-ten-thousand-meter airspace; it has undertaken the implementation of the Zhejiang Provincial Low-Altitude Public Safety Technology Research and Development Base (浙江省低空公共安全技术研发基地) and built a provincial-level low-altitude safety laboratory to consolidate the foundation for low-altitude safety in the province.
Currently, the "512" new low-altitude infrastructure project is accelerating, and it is planned to complete the construction of a drone 6S delivery center and 50 small and micro take-off and landing fields by the end of this year. At the same time, Yuecheng District (越城区) is participating in research on low-altitude operation rules and guidelines for the construction of low-altitude economic facilities, promoting "Yuecheng practice" into national standards.
Strengthening the industry to build an industrial ecology of "chain development."
Based on the advantages of the integrated circuit industry, Yuecheng District (越城区) is extending to the entire industrial chain of "complete machine + device + system." At present, the district has introduced and cultivated 27 low-altitude economic industry projects with a total investment of 33 billion yuan, forming an industrial chain covering complete machine research and development, core chips, system software, and perception radar.
The continuous improvement of the industrial ecology attracts the settlement of leading enterprises in the industry and drives the development of industrial clusters. With the settlement of the DJI Yangtze River Delta Supporting Industrial Park project (大疆长三角配套产业园项目), Yuecheng (越城) relies on DJI's global technology leadership and industrial chain integration advantages to cultivate a low-altitude economic industrial cluster led by DJI (大疆), creating a major traction project and chain-leading benchmark demonstration park for the low-altitude economy, realizing the cluster effect of "**引进一个、带动一批、辐射一片**" (yǐn jìn yī gè, dài dòng yī pī, fú shè yī piàn - "introduce one, drive a group, radiate an area," to introduce a leading project that drives the development of related industries).
Next, Yuecheng District (越城区) will focus on the three major areas of complete machines, devices, and systems, study the integration path of the industrial chain and innovation chain, draw a map for investment promotion, and build a high-level innovation platform. It will establish a low-altitude economic industry alliance to integrate industry associations, backbone enterprises, and social forces to build a healthy and sustainable industrial ecology.
Expanding scenarios to unlock diversified applications of "low-altitude +."
Yuecheng District (越城区) closely focuses on social needs and urban characteristics, and promotes a number of low-altitude application scenarios with promotion value in the directions of "low-altitude + travel," "low-altitude + logistics," "low-altitude + governance," and "low-altitude + cultural tourism" to promote the integration of air resources and urban development.
In the field of logistics, Yuecheng District (越城区) has opened 13 urban low-altitude logistics routes, and the city's first cross-regional medical emergency route has achieved normalized operation. The province's first normalized urban low-altitude logistics route has exceeded 4,000 flights per year, with a delivery efficiency increase of 70%, and has created the province's first "road-air integrated" logistics demonstration application scenario, building a three-dimensional distribution network of "flying in the sky and receiving on the ground."
In the field of travel, in May of this year, the first normalized low-altitude bus route in the Yangtze River Delta region was upgraded to a network covering Shanghai Pudong (上海浦东), Pinghu (平湖) and Haining (海宁) in Jiaxing (嘉兴), Zhejiang (浙江), and Yuecheng (越城) and Keqiao (柯桥) in Shaoxing (绍兴), breaking administrative restrictions and achieving cross-city express delivery in 1 hour.
In the field of cultural tourism, Yuecheng District (越城区) has launched a special low-altitude cultural tourism plan, implemented the "real-time cloud tour" project, introduced the AS700 manned airship, and built a new pattern of "water, land, and air" three-dimensional tourism. At present, it has opened 9 low-altitude sightseeing routes such as "Air Tour Yuecheng (空中游越城)," with the highest single-day tourist reception exceeding 200 people.
In the field of urban governance, Yuecheng District (越城区) has completed the layout of the entire area's government drone base, building a "comprehensive one-time flight" service system; the country's first drone automatic river patrol system has been put into operation, and the "AI River Chief" scenario has been promoted as a pilot project throughout the province.
In the future, Yuecheng District (越城区) will aim to create "integrated three-dimensional transportation in the Yangtze River Delta" and continue to promote the deep integration of low-altitude technology in transportation, urban governance, and other fields.
Optimizing services to move towards the higher goal of "flying well."
Yuecheng District (越城区) supports the steady development of the low-altitude economy with high-quality services and builds a full-cycle guarantee system.
At the Shaoxing Low-Altitude Economy Comprehensive Service Center (绍兴低空经济综合服务中心), companies can handle 22 businesses such as drone real-name registration, flight activity reporting, and talent training in one go, realizing full-cycle coverage from research and development to flight operations.
Professional talent is the support for industrial development. Yuecheng District (越城区) has established the Zhejiang Low-Altitude Talent Training Base (浙江低空人才培训基地) to carry out professional talent training for CAAC drone operators, controllers, and intelligence officers. The first CAAC drone training class in Jianshui Science and Technology City (鉴水科技城) has started, continuously delivering talent to the industrial chain.
The exhibition platform has become a window for Yuecheng District (越城区) to connect with global resources. It successfully held the first China (Shaoxing) Low-Altitude Economy Exhibition (中国（绍兴）低空经济展览会) and participated in high-end exhibitions at home and abroad such as the Global Digital Trade Expo, the Hong Kong International Innovation and Technology Exhibition, and the Shanghai International Low-Altitude Economy Expo, with a cumulative intended signing amount of over 10 million yuan, effectively enhancing the industry's influence.
In terms of market services, Yuecheng District (越城区) adopts the model of "state-owned enterprise leading, leading enterprise driving," and the district-owned state-owned enterprise and leading enterprise jointly establish a low-altitude industry development company to promote the deep integration of technology, capital, and the market; at the same time, it forms a low-altitude economic expert advisory group to provide intellectual support for industrial development in the fields of policy formulation, technology roadmap, and application scenarios.
From ensuring "flying off the ground" to pursuing "flying well," the development trajectory of the low-altitude economy in Yuecheng District (越城区) is a vivid microcosm of local cultivation of new quality productive forces and promotion of the rise of emerging industries. On this new track full of opportunities, Yuecheng District (越城区) is writing a brilliant Yuecheng (越城) answer in the vast sky with an enthusiastic flying posture.
Data source: Publicity Department of the CPC Shaoxing Yuecheng District Committee (中共绍兴市越城区委宣传部)
Return to TopBy: 陈涌泉
My hometown, Tanghe County (唐河县), Henan Province (河南省), is located in the southeastern part of the Nanyang Basin (南阳盆地), named after the winding Tanghe River (唐河). This clear river once nurtured the famous "Feng Family Siblings" – philosopher Feng Youlan (冯友兰), geologist Feng Jinglan (冯景兰), and literary historian Feng Yuanjun (冯沅君) – and also gave birth to the famous poet Li Ji (李季) and the famous writer Tian Zhonghe (田中禾)... Flowing day and night with the river are the melodious and continuous opera tunes, the most beautiful local accent in my memory.
Tanghe is geographically adjacent to Hubei (湖北), and since ancient times, the sounds of Chu (楚) opera and Han (汉) tunes have been heard here. The opera genres here are rich, including Han Opera (汉剧) (Erhuang), as well as Henan Opera (豫剧), Quju (曲剧), Yue Opera (越调), and Wanbang (宛梆). The folks living on this land generally love opera. During the slack farming season, villages compete to "stage operas." Performing opera is the most grand event in the countryside. Every household invites relatives to their home in advance, slaughtering chickens and geese for entertainment, and then walk together to the opera venue – a temporary stage set up in the village's open space.
The space in front of the stage is already occupied by various chairs and benches, and the surrounding roadsides are full of stalls. The ovens for baked wheaten cakes and the pans for pan-fried buns emit bursts of fragrance; the counters full of various goods are surrounded by children; the sugar-blowing artisans magically blow out various shapes; the ring-toss game sites are filled with colorful goods, and there are always young people who want to try their luck lingering here... The gongs and drums of the opening performance sound, and people gather from all directions to the front of the stage. The girls and daughters-in-law will put on their best clothes and dress themselves beautifully. While watching the opera, the young men turn their heads to glance at the beautiful girls in the crowd. Once the girls being glanced at are discovered, their faces instantly turn redder than the faces of the female characters on stage. The old people, 麋鹿兴于左而目不瞬 (mí lù xīng yú zuǒ ér mù bù shùn - "like a deer not blinking when startled," to be completely engrossed), are completely absorbed in the play, empathizing with the characters with tears and snot. There are also some people – adults and children alike – who don't watch the opera in the front, but love to watch the actors put on makeup behind the stage through the cracks. Parents who love beauty will pay two mao (毛) to have the troupe's master paint their children's faces, and then proudly and shyly hold their children up on the stage to show them off, attracting many envious glances. The front edge of the stage is often lined with a row of children, like swallows waiting to be fed, watching the stage intently, immersed in a fantastical world. I was one of those teenagers.
I remember the first time I came into contact with costume drama was at the age of 10 in the neighboring village of Zhao Zhuang (赵庄). Before that, in that era of scarce information, I had never seen what traditional opera costumes and facial makeup looked like. That afternoon, they were performing "Entering the Palace Twice" (《二进宫》). When I squeezed to the front row from the crowd, I happened to catch Dingguo Duke Xu Yanzhao (定国公徐延昭) and Vice Minister of War Yang Bo (兵部侍郎杨波) taking the stage. Suddenly seeing Xu Yanzhao's painted face, I felt a sense of horror, with fear far outweighing novelty, and it took a long time to recover from the illusion. When I understood that they were all living roles played by living people, and that they were all characters from the opera stories my mother had told me before, I instantly fell in love with them, as if recognizing long-lost relatives.
From then on, I followed the adults and chased the opera stages, watching one performance after another, listening again and again, never getting tired of watching or listening. A colorful artistic world bloomed before my eyes, with a riot of colors and breathtaking beauty. Although the rural opera stages at that time were still very simple, in my eyes they were so sacred and magnificent, bringing me shocks and surprises no less than later entering the grand theaters of any country in the world. Although the performance level of the artists on stage was limited, and some even had "broken throats and hoarse voices," in my eyes they were so radiant and charming, comparable to star celebrities. Decades later, I still clearly remember their names (sounds): Diao Guizhi (刁桂芝), Lai Tongzhi (来同志), Da Jinya (大金牙), Song Xiaojiu (宋小九), Ma Dan (麻旦), Yao Wa (姚娃)... At that time, no one would have thought that Diao Guizhi on the stage, and even less so Diao Guizhi herself, would have thought that an inconspicuous little boy under the stage, one of her loyal little audience members, would write a play called "The Orphan of Zhao" (《程婴救孤》) 20 years later, and that Zhao Jun (赵君), who played the orphan of Zhao in the play, would be her daughter! The things in this world are so wonderful, and there is a kind of fate that connects people together in the dark.
When I was about eleven or twelve years old, my eldest brother took me to the county town to haul saltpeter soil for the production team. In the evening, I entered a regular theater for the first time and watched "Chuncao Breaks into the Court" (《春草闯堂》), performed by the County Henan Opera Troupe, at the People's Hall (人民会堂). Compared with the rural makeshift troupes, the performances of the county troupe were naturally much more sophisticated. Seeing a performance with sound, light, and electricity for the first time aroused a lot of curiosity in me, and for a long time I was wondering how the crescent moon and stars on the backdrop were made.
In addition to watching operas on stage, the radio would broadcast opera excerpts regularly every morning and evening, which allowed us, who were in remote rural areas, to also appreciate the wonderful excerpts of Henan Opera's "Five Famous Dan" Chang Xiangyu (常香玉), Chen Suzhen (陈素真), Cui Lantian (崔兰田), Ma Jinfeng (马金凤), and Yan Lipin (阎立品), "Quju Queen" Zhang Xinfang (张新芳), Quju master Hai Lianchi (海连池), and Yue Opera master Shen Fengmei (申凤梅). The ones that were broadcasted frequently included Henan Opera's "Hua Mulan" (《花木兰》), "Three Times on the Sedan Chair" (《三上轿》), "Chaoyang Gully" (《朝阳沟》), Quju's "Rolling Mat Barrel" (《卷席筒》), "Chen Sanliang" (《陈三两》), "Wind and Snow Match" (《风雪配》), Yue Opera's "Receiving Jiang Wei" (《收姜维》), "Li Tianbao Marries" (《李天保娶亲》), "Burning the Embroidered Building with Fire" (《火焚绣楼》), and Siping Tune's "Little Bao Gong" (《小包公》). The time when the opera was broadcasted was the most lively and the quietest in the whole village. The radios all played the same melody, and people quietly and intently appreciated it, working on tiptoes, for fear of disturbing anything, letting the singing in the radio waves accompany the curling smoke, freely rising and floating in the sky above the small village. If any insensitive rooster crowed or any uninteresting yellow cattle mooed at this time, it would surely incur the dislike of the whole village.
The villagers not only loved to watch opera, but also loved to sing opera themselves. Everyone could sing a few excerpts, singing when they were happy and singing when they were sad; singing while working and singing after work. When going out of the village, they would sing "Majestically Leaving the Government Office" (威风凛凛出府门), when going to the fields, they would sing "Good Crops in the Low-Lying Land" (洼洼地里好庄稼), when happy, they would sing "The Whole Family Joyfully Invites Me" (一家人欢天喜地把我来请), when sad, they would sing "Little Cangwa I Left Dengfeng County" (小苍娃我离了登封小县), for red happy events, they would sing "Three Cannons Outside the Government Gate, the Bridal Sedan Chair Starts" (府门外三声炮花轿起动), for white happy events, they would sing "Qin Xuemei Sees Her Husband's Spirit and Cries Loudly" (秦雪梅见夫灵悲声大放); when the wife was angry, they would sing "Go Down and Persuade the Imperial Concubine" (下位去劝一劝贵妃娘娘), when wronged, they would sing "The Three Rivers Cannot Wash Away My Full Belly of Grievances" (三江水洗不尽我满腹冤枉)... Our village had an opera troupe, and several elders could sing opera and play the Da Xian (Quhu). My third brother learned to play the Da Xian from them since he was a child. On many nights during the slack farming season, with my third brother's accompaniment, several elders took turns, each with an opera script, tapping the clapper and singing from beginning to end, until all sounds were silent and the moon hung in the middle of the sky. I was always the most loyal listener. The neighbors all yawned and went back to sleep, but I was still eagerly waiting for the next play. In such an environment, I quickly learned to sing several excerpts from "Rolling Mat Barrel" along with my third brother's strings. My friends and I would also put on our homemade old man beards, drape floral bed sheets as opera costumes, and break off a tree branch and carve it into a white wooden strip as a silver spear, imagining ourselves leading thousands of troops to fight against the enemy.
Hometown opera is also a river, a river of culture, nourishing our spiritual world day and night. Bao Gong's "Ten Guaranteed Officials" in "Beating the Royal Carriage" (《打銮驾》) is rough rural rock and roll, Bai Niangzi's "Crying" in "Broken Bridge" (《断桥》) is delicate oriental aria; "Little Daughter-in-Law" (《小姑贤》) advocates good relationship between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law, "Wall Head Record" (《墙头记》) questions the conscience of unfilial sons. There are family matters in the play, and even more national sentiments – Kou Zhun (寇准) "If I stand idly by when the country is in trouble, what kind of official am I to eat the salary for nothing, I, Kou Zhun, cannot face the heavens with a clear conscience," Mu Guiying (穆桂英) "I am not for officialdom, nor for wealth, but for the Great Song Dynasty (大宋江山) and the people," Bao Qingtian (包青天) "Not to mention you are the Empress Dowager, I will not spare you even if the King of Song (宋王爷) comes," Tang Cheng (唐成), the seventh-rank sesame official, "If an official does not serve the people, it is better to go home and sell sweet potatoes," singing of patriotic feelings, awareness of the rule of law, people-oriented thinking, and official integrity. The melody of opera flows in the blood of the folks, and the spirit of opera shapes the souls of the folks. The diligence, simplicity, honesty, and kindness of the children of the Central Plains (中原) can all be traced back to the roots in the local opera.
Which of the sages who have come out of their hometown has not been deeply influenced by the local opera – Feng Youlan and Feng Yuanjun siblings both liked the local opera very much, and Feng Yuanjun later became an expert in opera history. Li Ji "loved" the local Quzi Opera "like a fascination" since he was a child. His "Wang Gui and Li Xiangxiang" (《王贵与李香香》) was influenced by the Shaanbei (陕北) Xintianyou (信天游), and also contained the rhythm of the local Quzi Opera. Tian Zhonghe also loved opera very much, and once followed the troupe to make a living, traveling around southern Henan (豫南), and later became a senior Henan Opera expert.
And I, as if destined by fate, entered the troupe as a screenwriter after graduating from university.
In recent years, my hometown has become farther and farther away from me, but the most beautiful local accent of the local opera, rooted in the land, often evokes my deep nostalgia for my homeland.
Return to TopBy: 胡建新
The *Zuo Zhuan* states: "Governing is like farming; think of it day and night, think of its beginning and accomplishing its end." This saying compares governance to farming, which is both vivid and easy to understand. It reveals the attitude and realm that those in power should have, and contains the wisdom of diligence and pragmatism.
The key to farming lies in knowing the seasons, understanding the nature of the land, and understanding the condition of the crops. For example, the growth of rice requires many steps such as seedling cultivation, irrigation, leveling the fields, transplanting seedlings, fertilizing, and weeding, which require working according to the seasons and proceeding in an orderly manner. During this process, a competent farmer needs to get up early and work late, observe the weather, feel the soil to identify moisture conditions, and touch the crops to understand their growth. It can be said that they are constantly concerned and working hard everywhere. Those in power are similar to farmers, managing and operating a territory, and they must also be conscientious and diligent in their governance, like farmers cultivating the land. They must make good use of the right time and place, be familiar with the depths and shallows, and wholeheartedly cultivate "fertile soil" and sprinkle "sunshine and rain." Only in this way can we expect a "good harvest" of abundant crops and demonstrate a "great achievement" of creating benefits for the people. If one does not know the "farming season," deviates from reality, ignores the people's conditions, makes decisions and handles affairs based only on assumptions, or is lazy in thought and frivolous in style, resisting "getting soil on their hands and mud on their feet," and is unwilling to work hard like a farmer, the result will inevitably be "no harvest."
The difficulty of farming lies in preventing natural disasters, eliminating pests, and protecting good farmland. All excellent farmers are always "constantly worried" about farming and always prepared for a rainy day. They do not forget to guard against unexpected events when the weather is good, and they think of prevention and control measures before droughts and floods arrive, always maintaining a heart that thinks day and night and never slacks off. At present, the development of some places faces difficulties and challenges, and those in power must work harder and "think of it day and night," always maintaining a clear mind, with the people's livelihood concerns in their hearts day and night. Do not violate the "farming season" to cultivate "seedlings," widely repair "water conservancy" to resist "droughts and floods," and apply "pesticides" to eliminate "pests," truly achieving prevention before it happens. If one is full and idle all day long, wasting energy on perfunctory actions and window dressing, or even using their minds to seek pleasure and personal gain, they will inevitably waste their governance and breed disasters, thereby harming the national economy and the people's livelihood.
Of course, any analogy is clumsy. Governance and farming are, after all, not the same thing. The "growth laws" and "operating procedures" of the two are very different, and the "harvest cost" and "failure cost" are also very different. The weeds and pests in the fields can be seen and touched and are easily removed; the "weeds" and "pests" in governance are hidden very deeply. To discover and eradicate them, it requires not only dedication and superb skills, but also the courage and determination for self-examination. In particular, if farming misses a season's harvest, it can be replanted, and only one household is affected; if an error occurs in governance, the consequences may be difficult to eliminate for a long time, and it will trigger a chain reaction, affecting thousands of households.
Appreciating "governing is like farming; think of it day and night" aims to advocate a sense of mission that originates from the original intention and comes from the heart. The people are the root and heart of those in power, just as crops are the foundation of farmers and land is the lifeline of farming families. Such as the "worrying before the world worries, and enjoying after the world enjoys" (先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐 (xiān tiān xià zhī yōu ér yōu, hòu tiān xià zhī lè ér lè - "worry about the world's troubles before anyone else, and enjoy the world's pleasures only after everyone else," a saying emphasizing public service and selflessness)) of worrying and optimistic views, and the "lying in the office and listening to the rustling bamboo, suspecting it is the sound of the people's suffering" (衙斋卧听萧萧竹，疑是民间疾苦声) of the people's livelihood view, all originate from this sense of mission. It requires those in power to have more hard work of working day and night and less idleness of living in comfort; more practical work of taking off shoes and going down to the fields, and less superficiality of skimming the surface. With the steadfastness and diligence of farmers, silently cultivating and tirelessly working, only in this way can there be the spring and autumn harvest of political achievements and the year of abundance.
Return to TopBy: 邹德斌
Taking a walk to the northern suburbs of the county town after dinner has become a habit. Rather than calling it a walk, it's more like going to admire those emerald green "butterflies" and then bringing them home.
The tree-lined path along the right bank of the river meanders north, and many residents in the north of the city love to stroll here after dinner. Nearby farmers sell freshly picked vegetables here, gradually forming a temporary vegetable market with a lively atmosphere.
I inadvertently noticed that farmer woman in early autumn two years ago. The square-shouldered, broad-backed farmer woman was sitting on an inverted bamboo basket, hunching over and shouting loudly. On a piece of plastic cloth were neatly arranged bok choy, celery, and cowpeas, with white stems and green leaves, fresh, tender, and slender, exuding a vibrant vitality.
I bought two bunches of bok choy. After weighing them, the farmer woman pulled out a strand of green strip as thick as chopsticks from the bamboo basket she was sitting on. Oh, it was a strand of palm leaves with the veins removed, both soft and tough. Holding it, the farmer woman's ten fingers flew, and in a dazzling moment, the bok choy had been tied into a tight bundle. At the same time, a bow, an emerald green "butterfly," stood gracefully at the "waist" of the bok choy, its circular wings seeming to open and close.
Accustomed to seeing dead knots tied with plastic ropes, only this farmer woman ties bows with emerald green palm leaves. The natural material and beautiful shape give me a long-lost sense of joy.
I bought another bunch of cowpeas. This time I noticed that the large hands with exposed tendons were as soft and boneless as they were agile. In these hands, the strand of slender palm leaf was not just tying cowpeas, but clearly dancing lightly and gracefully. In the blink of an eye, another emerald green "butterfly" lay there, elegant, gentle, and ready to fly.
The farmer woman, who looks rough and unrefined, actually has such skillful hands and such a leisurely mood.
I couldn't help but ask her, "Isn't it troublesome to tie them into bows?" She wiped the corner of her eye with the back of her hand and said, "It's easy to untie!" Her tone was so matter-of-fact. Tying a bow, this not-so-complicated action, has formed muscle memory in her hands, and also conveys a simple kindness and thoughtful care to others. No wonder there are more citizens buying vegetables at her stall than elsewhere. In addition to the fresh vegetables and fair prices, this little thought in tying the knots should also be one of the reasons why she is so popular.
Since then, I have become a regular at this stall. In an era filled with industrialized packaging, this emerald green bow, handmade with palm leaves, brings me a sense of familiar local flavor and human touch.
Opening the refrigerator, with a sense of ritual, "emerald butterfly" facing up, I gently placed them in the crisper drawer.
Return to TopBy: 罗 铮
A day for people in Nanchang (南昌) often starts with a bowl of mixed rice noodles and a crock pot soup.
People in Jiangxi (江西) love to eat rice noodles. Almost every city and county has its own signature rice noodles, such as the fragrant and mild Fuzhou (抚州) soaked noodles, the fresh and nutritious Anyuan (安远) three-delicacy noodles, the delicate and mellow Qianshan (铅山) hot noodles, the smooth and refreshing Jingdezhen (景德镇) cold noodles, and the chewy Yichun (宜春) pressed noodles, each with its own flavor. But in my mind, the people who love rice noodles the most are the people of Nanchang (南昌).
Every morning, many Nanchang (南昌) people hastily tidy up their houses and rush to the nearby mixed rice noodle shops. "A bowl of mixed rice noodles and a crock pot of mushroom and egg soup." Before long, a bowl of brightly colored mixed rice noodles and a crock pot of steaming soup are placed in front of you. The mixed rice noodles are delicious, first of all because the rice noodles themselves are delicious. The rice noodles in Jiangxi (江西) are smooth, chewy, and very elastic. The key to mixed rice noodles is "mixing." The tender, slender rice noodles are cooked in boiling water, drained, and then mixed with salt, peanuts, diced radish, pickled cowpeas, chopped green onions, cilantro, minced garlic, chili peppers, and other seasonings. You can also add some braised beef, beef tripe, fatty intestines, pig ears, and other meats, and then pour in some special sauce and mix well, so that each rice noodle is wrapped in the rich sauce. The color and aroma are appetizing. Taking a mouthful of noodles, you can't help but exclaim that there is no better delicacy in the world. Among them, the key is the chili peppers. The "warming and dispelling cold" properties of chili peppers are highly compatible with the natural endowments of Jiangxi (江西) and the needs of the people's lives, and can also be perfectly integrated with the freshness of the ingredients. Without chili peppers, the taste of the mixed rice noodles would be greatly reduced.
About two hundred meters from my home, there is a time-honored mixed rice noodle shop. It opened when I was in middle school. Its location is not ideal. You have to walk twenty or thirty meters from the intersection, and it only has two small rooms, about ten square meters. But for some reason, nearly 30 years have passed, and its one-person-wide door is always crowded. Residents living nearby, office workers on their commute, from the elderly to middle and primary school students, are all its loyal "fans." People guess and guess, but they can't crack the secret of this shop's popularity. In the end, they simply attribute it to the unique recipe of the sauce. Indeed, if you haven't tasted this flavor for a while, you feel like something is missing in your mouth. Otherwise, why would people always take the bus or a taxi to eat the noodles? Regardless of spring, summer, autumn, or winter, the diners who leave the shop after eating have foreheads covered with sweat.
There are only 3 people running the shop. An uncle with gray hair is responsible for picking up the noodles and handing them to the aunt, and then taking out the crock pot soup from a large pot. The aunt is responsible for adding seasonings to the noodles, and another young man is responsible for calculating the money, serving the noodles, and cleaning up the bowls and plates that the customers have finished eating. Before mobile payment became popular, the young man was also responsible for collecting money. I was amazed by his mental arithmetic ability. As soon as he received the customer's money, he could find the change almost without thinking. Even with such efficiency, he still had little time to rest. Regardless of whether the weather was cold or hot, he had to shrug his shoulders frequently to wipe the sweat from his cheeks and neck, so that the color near the shoulders of each piece of clothing was noticeably darker.
In the streets and alleys of Nanchang (南昌), you can find a mixed rice noodle shop not far away. Some are open until late at night. In addition to breakfast time, there are also many customers in the mixed rice noodle shops at noon and in the evening. A bowl of noodles and a crock pot of soup is a satisfying meal. The noodles are important, but the soup is also indispensable. There are many kinds of Nanchang (南昌) crock pot soups, such as wolfberry black-bone chicken soup, cuttlefish pork rib soup, soybean pig trotter soup, and lotus seed pig heart soup, and each shop is different, with at least hundreds of varieties. Unknowingly, mixed rice noodles and crock pot soup, two unrelated foods, have become a perfect match in Nanchang (南昌) city.
The steaming heat from the mixed rice noodle shops is the strong atmosphere of everyday life in Nanchang (南昌) city. After eating the noodles and drinking the soup, you go to work contentedly.
Return to TopThe Chinese painting "Red Persimmons" (红柿) by Qi Baishi (齐白石), is housed in the National Art Museum of China (中国美术馆).
Return to TopBy: 刘利元
Guangdong Taishan, Overseas Chinese Culture Museum. A yellowed photograph captures a slightly shy smiling face. This young girl in a nurse's uniform, with big eyes, pursed lips, and a hairpin, who would have thought that the owner of this youthful smile was once a woman disguised as a man, supporting the War of Resistance against Japan, a "Mulan"?
Her name is Li Yuemei (李月美), a member of the Nanyang Overseas Chinese Mechanics Back to China Service Team (南洋华侨机工回国服务团) (hereinafter referred to as "Nanyang Mechanics").
Li Yuemei's (李月美) father, Li Rongji (李荣基), went to Nanyang in 1910 to make a living, settling in Penang (槟城), Malaysia, to practice medicine for the local overseas Chinese. Li Yuemei (李月美), born in 1918, had never returned to China before participating in the War of Resistance. For "second-generation overseas Chinese" like her, the appearance of the motherland was the appearance of their hometown, and the appearance of their hometown came from the stories of the older generation. There were continuous mountains, boundless rice fields, and the serene Duho River (都斛河).
Li Yuemei (李月美) hugged her father's neck and asked when they would return to Tangshan (唐山) (the Chinese name for China at that time). Her father always nodded and shook his head, without a definite answer. Once, Li Yuemei (李月美) didn't think much of it, thinking she could just wait! Later, hearing that the Japanese army was continuously expanding its war of aggression against China, and had almost occupied all the coastal ports of China, even the remittances that the people in her hometown were eagerly waiting for could not be sent out, Li Yuemei (李月美) truly felt terrified.
The Northeast fell, North China fell, Shanghai fell... Li Yuemei (李月美) thought, as a Chinese, could she not even preserve the little bit of hope and thought that lingered in her mind? From now on, would she really be like duckweed, drifting around without a place to rely on?
Mr. Chen Jiageng (陈嘉庚) advocated the establishment of the Nanyang Mechanics, recruiting overseas Chinese youth who knew how to drive and repair cars to return to China to serve. This news pointed out a path to the motherland for the depressed Li Yuemei (李月美) - distant, unfamiliar, but also亲切, the motherland she dreamed of!
Li Yuemei's (李月美) family had a car. She had already learned to drive. She confidently ran to the registration office, but was turned away: the Nanyang Mechanics only recruited men. Crestfallen, she returned home and met her younger brother, Li Jinrong (李锦容), who was also going to register. Li Yuemei (李月美) had an idea: wasn't the difference between men and women just in hair and clothing? She asked her brother to help her cut her hair, borrowed her brother's clothes, went to another registration point to register, and passed.
On this day in 1939, before dawn, a ship left the port of Penang (槟城). Li Yuemei (李月美) on the deck looked like a man, tightly gripping the railing, looking at the gradually blurring outline of her home, with reluctance in her eyes, but even more determination. The song "Farewell to Nanyang" (告别南洋), with lyrics by Tian Han (田汉) and music by Nie Er (聂耳), echoed in her heart: "Goodbye, Nanyang! Don't you see corpses lying across Changbai Mountain (长白山), blood flowing in the Heilongjiang (黑龙江)? This is the survival of the Chinese nation! Goodbye, Nanyang! Goodbye, Nanyang! We are going to fight for a ray of hope!"
Li Yuemei (李月美) and Li Jinrong (李锦容), this group of passionate young people, traveled to China and transported war materials donated by overseas Chinese through the Burma Road. The war-clouded Burma Road was completely different from the street roads Li Yuemei (李月美) was familiar with. It was a mountain road with countless twists and turns, a winding mountain road with one loop after another, a one-way road carved out of the cliffs. Drivers had to concentrate every second, and a little carelessness could cause them to crash into the cliffs or fall into deep valleys. To prevent Japanese aircraft from bombing, they could not turn on the lights at night. The car behind closely followed the car in front, groping forward by sound and feel in the moonlight. The steering wheel of the truck had no power steering. When slowly passing through narrow roads, turning the steering wheel was as difficult as pushing a millstone. After a few turns, she was covered in sweat. Li Yuemei (李月美) couldn't help but reach out to unbutton her clothes. Just as she unbuttoned two buttons, she suddenly remembered that she was a "man," and immediately buttoned them back. Others could go to the river for a refreshing bath, but Li Yuemei (李月美) couldn't. Whether it was day or night, she always dressed neatly, as if she was naturally not sweating or afraid of the heat. In this way, she carefully hid her gender while driving a truck to support the front lines, becoming one of the bravest drivers on the Burma Road.
One day in 1940, Li Yuemei (李月美) once again drove out, traveling on the treacherous Burma Road. At a sharp turn, Li Yuemei's (李月美) wheels slipped, causing the vehicle to overturn. The cab was severely deformed, and Li Yuemei (李月美) and the co-driver were tightly stuck in the carriage. The driver of the vehicle behind rescued the two, who were covered in blood, and sent them to the hospital for rescue. Only then did they discover that Li Yuemei (李月美) was actually a woman. Her identity was exposed, what should she do? Return to Penang (槟城)? The motherland was still suffering. Stay? She could no longer drive trucks to transport supplies. She was in a dilemma.
While receiving treatment in the hospital, she met a soldier whose thigh was injured by shrapnel. He was sent to the hospital covered in blood and had already fainted. She was very sad, thinking that this soldier might not wake up. Unexpectedly, after the careful treatment of the medical staff, the soldier not only recovered quickly, but also returned to the front line. Li Yuemei (李月美) was moved: driving a truck to transport war materials was saving the country, and treating the wounded was also saving the country! Influenced by her family environment, she knew a little about nursing techniques. So she changed careers on the spot, put on a white coat and a white hat, and worked as a nurse in a field hospital.
Also because of this strange fate, Li Yuemei (李月美) and the driver who rescued her married. This driver was Yang Weiquan (杨维铨), a Nanyang mechanic from Hainan (海南) who returned to China from Sumatra to participate in the war.
No one expected that among the Nanyang Mechanics driving on the Burma Road, there was actually a female driver. This legendary story was reported and became a popular story for a time. The Chinese government awarded Li Yuemei (李月美) a certificate of commendation, and Ms. He Xiangning (何香凝) specially wrote "巾帼英雄" (jīn guó yīng xióng - "female hero," a woman with heroic spirit) and gave it to Li Yuemei (李月美) as a souvenir.
Time flies. Today, Li Yuemei's (李月美) son, Yang Shanzhong (杨善中), is also nearly seventy years old. He came back from Switzerland to find his ancestral home and walked briskly in the alleys of Hengkangshan Village (横岗山村), Duhuo Town (都斛镇), Taishan (台山). The alley where the ancestral house is located is still so narrow, and the broken wall at the end of the alley still stands. Looking back, it has been 115 years since his maternal grandfather left here, and 57 years since his mother passed away. Over the years, Yang Shanzhong (杨善中) followed in his mother's footsteps and went to Penang (槟城), Guangdong (广东), the Nanyang Overseas Chinese Mechanics Back to China Anti-Japanese War Memorial Hall in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (德宏傣族景颇族自治州), Yunnan (云南), and walked the entire Burma Road. Starting from his ancestral home and returning to his ancestral home, the life journey of three generations of grandparents and grandchildren achieved a cycle.
Yang Shanzhong (杨善中), who lives abroad, firmly remembers a sentence his mother said: As a Chinese with yellow skin, black eyes, and black hair, you must always装一颗中国心在里面 (zhuāng yī kē zhōng guó xīn zài lǐ miàn - "install a Chinese heart inside," to always remember one's Chinese identity and heritage), otherwise you will be like duckweed, drifting around and having nowhere to rely on. Yang Shanzhong (杨善中) and his brother were both born overseas. His mother named them "Shanguo (善国)" and "Shanzhong (善中)" to let the next generation not forget China no matter where they are.
Return to TopBy: 镇 东
The geese preen their southward-bound wings at Mount Huiyan (回雁峰).
The Xiang River (湘江) carries the lingering warmth of high summer as it flows towards the dry season.
The scarecrow's cloth shirt flutters in the warm breeze.
The old farmer's plow is beached on the parched ridge.
The earthenware pot under the eaves recalls the rain.
The camellia misreads the season and blooms on the branch.
Grandmother puts away the cotton clothes back into the cedar chest,
saying that the Frost's Descent appointment was delayed by the cicada's song.
Another clear day causes the pond to crack with wrinkles.
The south wind crosses the mountains, bringing the rich fragrance of golden osmanthus.
At this moment, standing at the crossroads of the seasons,
I watch the river weave winter and summer into the same bolt of silk.
Ah, time is truly a sleepless embroiderer.
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