Summary: According to the article, Henan Province is implementing a "categorized and orderly, regionalized" approach to rural revitalization, guided by Xi Jinping's directives from his May 2025 visit. The province is focusing on integrated planning and resource coordination to promote clustered development, with emphasis on developing advantageous industries in specific regions. This includes establishing "pioneer zones" for livable and working villages, creating cross-township groups, and building rural infrastructure and public services. Henan aims to achieve significant improvements in rural living conditions by 2030, with goals for water access, sanitation, and waste management. Liu Ning, Secretary of the Henan Provincial Party Committee, stated that Henan will promote a profound change in rural development.
Summary: Since the launch of the campaign to promote a "correct view of achievement" (正确政绩观), various localities and departments have focused on theoretical study, problem identification, and practical results. Regions like Tianjin, Hunan, and Hebei have emphasized studying Xi Jinping's discourses and utilizing both positive and negative examples to enhance ideological awareness among cadres. Provinces such as Jiangsu, Shandong, and Zhejiang have encouraged cadres to go into communities and enterprises to identify and address public concerns, turning those concerns into actionable tasks. Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, and Guangxi have focused on resolving urgent public issues and improving basic infrastructure to demonstrate tangible results from the campaign.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang signed a State Council decree to release the revised "Implementation Regulations of the Administrative Reconsideration Law of the People's Republic of China," effective July 1, 2026. The regulations aim to refine the administrative reconsideration system, resolve administrative disputes, and protect the rights of citizens and legal entities. The revisions detail application procedures, improve case-handling processes, and strengthen guidance and supervision of administrative reconsideration. The regulations require a comprehensive review of the legality and appropriateness of administrative actions by administrative reconsideration agencies. The rules also stipulate the establishment of an administrative reconsideration work responsibility system at the county level and above.
Summary: Politburo Standing Committee member Ding Xuexiang recently conducted research in Fujian, Shanghai, and Beijing, emphasizing the importance of strengthening basic research to build a strong nation in science and technology, following Xi Jinping's directives. He urged leveraging the advantages of the "new type of whole-nation system" to improve basic research and original innovation. Ding visited institutions like the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Huawei's research center, highlighting the need for original breakthroughs and supporting young scientists. He stressed the importance of major science and technology infrastructure and promoting the spirit of "Two Bombs, One Satellite" to inspire scientists. Ding also called for central and local authorities to coordinate efforts to promote breakthroughs in basic research. The article does not mention the United States.
Summary: An official from the Ministry of Education discussed efforts to enhance vocational education in China, addressing concerns about lagging curricula and employment prospects. They highlighted recent efforts to align vocational programs with emerging industries by adding 143 new programs in the last five years and adjusting curricula, with an emphasis on engineering and technical fields. The official also noted the importance of collaboration between vocational schools and enterprises to avoid disconnect between the classroom and practical needs of the workplace. Vocational school graduates have maintained a 90% employment rate over the past five years, with many companies expressing interest in hiring them, and the official hopes vocational education will become a first-choice destination for students.
Summary: The 500-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), also known as "China's Sky Eye," has begun replacing its feed cabin drive steel cables. These six cables, critical for positioning the feed cabin, are described as the "eye muscles" of the telescope. The replacement with domestically produced cables resolves supply chain security issues that had previously required reliance on imports. The move towards self-sufficiency in critical infrastructure components demonstrates China's push for technological independence.
Summary: The Ministry of Justice has issued a notice standardizing the "scan-to-enter" system for corporate inspections nationwide, aiming to regulate administrative inspections and reduce burdens on businesses. The system requires unified "law enforcement codes" ("执法码") generated by provincial government administrative enforcement supervision agencies after inspection tasks are approved, which must be presented to companies before inspection. Companies can scan the code to verify inspector identities and inspection details, with options to report discrepancies. The system aims to streamline data collection and ensure comprehensive oversight of the inspection process through unified data aggregation, enhancing efficiency and reducing redundancy.
Summary: In the first quarter of this year, the added value of high-tech manufacturing above designated size increased by 12.5% year-on-year. Suzhou Yuankong Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., a company specializing in industrial control computers, saw its sales increase by over 50% in the first quarter, driven by the trend of intelligent transformation across various industries. The company emphasizes rigorous testing and adaptation to extreme conditions to ensure the reliability of its products. Suzhou benefits from a complete industrial chain, with close proximity between suppliers and consumers. The city government is supporting the digital transformation of its industrial sector.
Summary: A Jiangsu industrial control computer (ICC) company has experienced rapid growth, with first-quarter sales increasing by over 50% and orders scheduled months in advance. This success is attributed to "embedding" the company within the demand side of industrial upgrades and the local supply chain. This is achieved by aligning with the demand for intelligent manufacturing driven by government investment, specifically in the intelligent transformation and internet connection of manufacturing. The company benefits from its location within a concentrated industrial cluster, enabling close collaboration and mutual empowerment with upstream and downstream partners. The company focuses on niche areas and integrates itself within this ecosystem, fostering overall industrial chain advancement.
Summary: Fujian Province, under the leadership of Governor Zhao Long, aims to comprehensively promote high-quality development and pioneer Chinese-style modernization. Zhao stated that Fujian will focus on developing a globally competitive modern industrial system, including cultivating several industrial clusters, and promoting the deep integration of artificial intelligence with the real economy. A significant portion of fiscal funds will be directed towards improving livelihoods, with focus on employment, education, and healthcare. Fujian also aims to accelerate green transformation, focusing on developing clean energy and promoting circular economy, striving to build a beautiful Fujian.
Summary: The city of Qingdao is promoting digital tourism by investing in immersive entertainment experiences like "Seeking the Sea Dream," an ocean-themed performance incorporating 270-degree screens, dynamic seating, and surround sound to simulate a maritime adventure. According to Sun Tian, Deputy General Manager of Qingdao Tourism Group Cultural Performance Co., the production aims to immerse the audience in Qingdao's unique maritime culture, connecting the show to local historical sites. Qin Dan, Deputy Director of the Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Culture and Tourism Resource Development, stated that the city is releasing new digital cultural tourism projects with marine characteristics. The success of "Seeking the Sea Dream" has led to the launch of other virtual reality performances like "The Legend of Xu Fu". In the first quarter of 2026, Qingdao received 478,000 sea tourism tourists and achieved an income of 30,418,300 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 61.13%.
Summary: The Tianzhou-10 cargo spacecraft and Long March-7 Y11 carrier rocket assembly were vertically transported to the launch area at the Wenchang Space Launch Site on May 8th. The launch site's facilities and equipment are currently in good condition, and pre-launch functional checks and joint tests will be conducted as planned. Launch is scheduled to take place in the near future.
Summary: The People's Bank of China, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Finance jointly issued a notice to encourage financial institutions to increase financial services for technological innovation and equipment upgrades. The notice expands the scope of support for technological innovation and equipment updates, including private SMEs with high R&D investment and extending loan support to 14 fields, including artificial intelligence. It also aims to improve the quality of loan services, focusing on financial services for enterprises purchasing AI equipment and software. The move seeks to promote industrial transformation and upgrade equipment through financial support. The relevant departments will focus on implementation and guide financial resources to support technological innovation and equipment upgrades.
Summary: Anhui University's brain-computer interface research team, led by figures like Professor Fan Cunhang, is focusing on applying non-invasive and micro-invasive technologies to real-world applications. Their work includes a post-operative consciousness detection system currently undergoing clinical trials, designed to monitor patients and alert medical staff to potential complications. The team has also developed a domestically produced "brain-machine intelligent base" to capture brain signals. This system aims to reduce reliance on expensive, foreign-made equipment.
Summary: The "2026 World Mayor Dialogue, Xi'an" focused on using technology and culture to promote high-quality urban development, attracting mayors and representatives from countries including Oman, Jordan, and Egypt. Participants toured Xi'an, observing its technological innovation and cultural preservation efforts. Xi'an Vice Mayor Xiao Qi shared the city's approach to driving urban transformation through new productive forces. Several international representatives expressed interest in collaborating with Xi'an on smart agriculture, heritage protection, and green technology, with Jordan specifically noting their need for Chinese solar panels and new energy vehicles.
Summary: At the invitation of Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China and President of the People's Republic of China, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam and President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam To Lam paid a state visit to China. The visit, framed by a rapidly changing global landscape and new development phases for both nations, aimed to deepen strategic trust and promote shared development. Both sides agreed to uphold socialism and the communist party's leadership. They further agreed to promote tourism between the two countries. They expressed a commitment to multilateralism and global governance.
Summary: Wang Yi met with French Presidential Advisor Emmanuel Bonne in Beijing, emphasizing the strategic leadership of both heads of state and the responsibility of China and France in maintaining international peace. Wang urged France to uphold the One China principle and encourage the EU to adopt a pragmatic and open economic policy towards China. Bonne affirmed France's commitment to the One China policy and its desire to collaborate with China on global crises. He also indicated France's willingness to promote dialogue and cooperation between Europe and China.
Summary: Bangladesh's Finance and Planning Advisor to the Prime Minister, M.A. Mannan, lauded China's Global Development Initiative (GDI) as a solution to global challenges, emphasizing its timeliness and practical significance, particularly the eight key cooperation areas like development financing and digital connectivity. He highlighted the recent Global Action for Shared Development Forum in Beijing as adding momentum to global development. Mannan noted the positive impact of Chinese infrastructure projects, such as the Padma Bridge railway, on Bangladesh's connectivity and economic resilience. He also praised Chinese investment in renewable energy projects, assisting Bangladesh's energy transition, and digital infrastructure, enabling 5G capabilities. Mannan expressed Bangladesh's appreciation for China's global initiatives and its desire to further strengthen bilateral relations.
Summary: Foreign Ministry Spokesperson announced that Tajik President Emomali Rahmon will conduct a state visit to China from May 11-14 at the invitation of President Xi Jinping.
Summary: At the invitation of Vice President Han Zheng, Brunei's Crown Prince Billah will pay an official visit to China from May 11th to 15th, according to an announcement made by the Foreign Ministry Spokesperson on May 8th. The visit signals continued engagement between China and Brunei. The article does not mention the United States.
Summary: NPC Standing Committee Vice Chairman He Wei met with a multi-party delegation of Central American Parliamentarians led by Vice President Donald Calderón in Beijing. Discussions focused on China's relations with Central American countries and exchanges between legislative bodies. He Wei briefed the delegation on the outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan. The meeting also touched upon the relationship between the United States and China, and its impact on Central American countries.
Summary: Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Lin Jian stated that the publication of the "Complete Translation of the Records of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East" and the release of diaries from an American deputy prosecutor at the Tokyo Trials reiterate the irrefutable evidence of Japanese militarist aggression. Lin Jian emphasized that the Tokyo Trials, which involved significant U.S. participation, exposed Japan's war crimes in Asia and condemned its aggression. He further criticized Japanese right-wing forces for failing to reflect on history and attempting to deny the historical conclusions of the Tokyo Trials, thereby challenging the post-war international order.
Summary: A symposium on the theme of prioritizing the people, co-hosted by the International Department of the CPC Central Committee and the Hebei Provincial Party Committee, was held in Hebei province. Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee Liu Haixing stated that under Xi Jinping's leadership, China has achieved complete victory in poverty alleviation, contributing significantly to the global poverty reduction effort. Foreign representatives praised the CPC's achievements in poverty alleviation and rural revitalization under Xi Jinping, and expressed their desire to deepen exchanges with China on governance. Tonga's speaker of parliament, Vaʻai, and approximately 180 representatives from over 20 countries attended the dialogue. The participants expressed a desire to deepen exchanges with China on governance and to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Summary: Yang Wanming, President of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries, led a delegation to Uzbekistan from May 5-8, meeting with various Uzbek officials, including Sodiq Safoyev, First Deputy Chairman of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis. Yang also attended and addressed Uzbekistan's first "International Friendship Cities Conference." Discussions focused on implementing the consensus reached by the heads of state of China and Uzbekistan. Both sides pledged to promote friendly exchanges and practical cooperation in various fields. The goal is to enrich bilateral relations and contribute to the development of relations between China and Central Asia.
Summary: A joint notice issued by multiple ministries and organizations, including the Central Propaganda Department, calls for the deployment of the "Three Services to the Villages" (三下乡) campaign in 2026, focusing on culture, science, and health. The initiative aims to bring resources to rural areas, aligning with Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and his directives on agriculture. The campaign will involve sending cultural performances, legal services, agricultural technology, scientific knowledge, and medical resources to the countryside. The notice stresses practical results and avoiding burdens on local communities. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the provided article.
Summary: The article reports on various local initiatives in China to strengthen science popularization, promote innovation, and cultivate scientific spirit, as emphasized in the "15th Five-Year Plan." These initiatives include Jiangxi's "Science Popularization Village Broadcasts" delivering targeted information, Hubei's "on-demand" health knowledge delivery, and Guizhou's "cloud classrooms" connecting remote schools. These programs aim to precisely match the supply and demand of science popularization, thereby improving the scientific literacy of the population. One official, Lin Chaoyang, is quoted discussing the value of making scientific information easy for rural residents to understand and use.
Summary: A State Council investigation team, led by the Ministry of Emergency Management and including representatives from various state organs and the Hunan provincial government, has been formed to investigate the deadly May 4th fireworks factory explosion in Liuyang, Hunan. The investigation will adhere to the principles of being "scientific, rigorous, lawful, fact-based and effective" and implement the "four no's policy". The team held its first meeting on May 8th, emphasizing the need to ascertain the facts, problems, and responsibilities related to the accident and emphasizing the need for local governments to learn from this tragedy. No information about the United States or U.S.-China relations was included in this article.
Summary: A fireworks factory explosion in Liuyang, Hunan province on May 4th resulted in 37 deaths and one missing person, with 51 others receiving medical treatment. Local authorities initiated an emergency response, deploying over 1500 personnel for rescue and investigation efforts, and have detained eight individuals suspected of major liability in the accident. The accident highlighted shortcomings in safety protocols at the local level. In response, Hunan province held a video conference to address safety production issues and conduct a comprehensive safety inspection across the province. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Yuexi County's Huber Village in Anqing, Anhui Province is leveraging tea cultivation to boost rural tourism. The village is improving cultural tourism infrastructure by repurposing vacant rural houses and land. This includes developing boutique homestays, camping grounds, and tea garden sightseeing trails. The goal is to promote the integrated development of tea production and tourism.
Summary: A meeting was held in Beijing to discuss the implementation of policies supporting Fujian's role as a demonstration zone for cross-strait integration. Song Tao, head of the Taiwan Affairs Office, emphasized the importance of following Xi Jinping's directives to promote peaceful development of cross-strait relations and national reunification. Zhou Haibing, Deputy Director of the National Development and Reform Commission, urged for the thorough implementation of policies and encouraged pilot programs in key areas. Representatives from Fujian Province, Wu Xielin and Wang Yongli, presented on the progress and future plans for the cross-strait integration demonstration zone. The meeting included representatives from 48 central and state organs.
Summary: Since the launch of the campaign to promote a "correct view of achievements," various regions and departments have been integrating study, investigation, and rectification to address pressing issues for the masses. Local party organizations, such as those in Tianjin, Hunan, and Hebei, have been studying Xi Jinping's related works and holding discussions to enhance Party spirit and ideological awareness among cadres. Cadres in areas like Jiangsu, Shandong, and Zhejiang are going into communities and workplaces to identify problems and address public concerns in areas such as education, healthcare, and employment. Qinghai, Inner Mongolia, and Guangxi are focusing on solving practical problems at the grassroots level, such as improving public services and infrastructure.
Summary: The State Council has appointed He Yong as the full-time Deputy Chief Inspector of Natural Resources and Chen Dongming as the Director of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission. This announcement reflects personnel changes within key state organs overseeing natural resources and water management. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The Inner Mongolia Hohhot Xincheng District Party and government agencies implemented a "near-zero carbon" transformation project, contracting with Beijing Xiehe Xinyuan Technology Development Co., Ltd. to conduct systematic energy-saving renovations. This Public Institution Energy Fee Trusteeship model allows the government to pay a fixed trusteeship fee, which is less than the original energy expenditure. The project has achieved a comprehensive energy saving rate of 70.59%, saving more than 1 million yuan in financial funds annually. Xincheng District plans to promote this model to schools and hospitals throughout the district.
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Summary: The China-Laos Railway, including the "Lancang" passenger train, has facilitated over 800,000 cross-border trips between Kunming and Vientiane since its launch three years ago, boosting tourism and trade along the route. The railway has reduced travel times and costs, enabling easier access for tourists, students, and businesses and driving consumption in the region. Streamlined customs procedures, including the upcoming "single-point inspection," further enhance the railway's efficiency. The railway has also transformed Laos from a "land-locked" to a "land-linked" country, increasing cross-border freight volumes. The "Lancang-Mekong Express" cold chain service has contributed to more affordable prices for goods like durian in China.
Summary: China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Ministry of Commerce, and State Administration for Market Regulation have jointly implemented national standards for "Intelligent Grading of Artificial Intelligence Terminals." The standards utilize a "2+N" framework, defining levels of AI terminal intelligence from L1 (Response) to L4 (Collaboration), with L4 to be further refined based on industry development. Current market products typically range from L1 to L2, with some new products reaching L3. These standards will be integrated into the 2026 "trade-in" policy for consumer goods, aiming to guide consumer choices and expand AI application scenarios.
Summary: China's Ministry of Finance has allocated 45.8 billion yuan in funding for preschool education in 2026, a 38% increase from the previous year. The funds will support local governments in implementing fee waivers for childcare and education, particularly for economically disadvantaged children. Since the start of the "14th Five-Year Plan," the central government has allocated a total of 126.2 billion yuan to support preschool education. Starting in the fall of 2025, the new policy will exempt fees for one year of public preschool for children, benefitting over 14 million children.
Summary: The Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC), along with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT), jointly issued an "Implementation Opinion on Regulating the Application and Innovative Development of Intelligent Agents," aimed at promoting the regulated use and innovative development of intelligent agents, in order to implement the State Council's "Opinions on Deeply Implementing the 'Artificial Intelligence+' Action." The document defines intelligent agents as intelligent systems with autonomous perception, memory, decision-making, interaction, and execution capabilities. It emphasizes adhering to principles of security, controllability, standardization, innovation, and application-driven development. The opinion proposes specific measures including strengthening the development foundation, safeguarding security, enhancing application guidance across various sectors, and building an innovative ecosystem. The document does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The 28th China Beijing International High-Tech Expo (CHITEC) opened on May 8th, hosted by the Beijing Municipal Government. The Expo, themed "Science and Technology Leading, Creating and Sharing the Future," features 800 domestic and foreign enterprises across 50,000 square meters. It encompasses exhibitions focused on areas like IT, healthcare, and green technology, along with trade and investment promotion activities. The event aims to facilitate practical cooperation between industry, academia, and research. Several events will be held during the Expo to facilitate international technology exchange and cooperation.
Summary: The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) released the "China Business Environment Development Report (2026)" on May 8th. The report highlights China's improvements to its business environment throughout the entire lifecycle of a business, from establishment to exit, focusing on key areas and presenting data on progress made in 2025. It also showcases innovative measures undertaken to improve the business environment. The report addresses concerns such as market access barriers and administrative law enforcement related to enterprises. It further includes local case studies from 31 provinces showcasing tailored approaches to business environment improvement.
Summary: According to Xin Hong, Party Secretary of Zhao Bei Kou township, the town is utilizing drone patrols, enabled by the "Digital Dian Township Spatio-Temporal Integration Platform," to monitor environmental conditions, traffic, and ecological protection. The platform uses 5G, BeiDou satellite navigation, and IoT sensors to manage town and village affairs. Over 500 ships have been equipped with BeiDou locators to improve tourist safety. The platform, whose construction was led by Xiong'an Guochuang Center Technology Co. LTD, also employs bridge monitors and other sensors connected to the platform to monitor infrastructure integrity and environmental conditions.
Summary: Jiangsu province has launched a 10 billion RMB strategic emerging industries fund in Suzhou Industrial Park. The fund, co-funded by the Jiangsu provincial strategic emerging industries fund and 13 prefecture-level cities, will focus on sectors like integrated circuits, biomedicine, new energy, and high-end equipment. The fund aims to promote technological and industrial innovation. The move is a concrete step toward implementing Jiangsu's policy of supporting high-quality enterprises through increased investment and production. The fund is expected to operate under market-oriented, rule-of-law, and professional principles.
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Summary: According to Chinese Academy of Sciences Academician Chen Lidong, over 60% of primary energy used globally is lost as waste heat, presenting an opportunity for thermoelectric conversion technology. Chen's team has made breakthroughs in thermoelectric materials, specifically "filled skutterudite," by experimenting with different atomic fillings to optimize thermal and electrical properties. The team improved thermoelectric device conversion efficiency from below 6% to nearly 15%. These materials have a wide range of applications in areas such as industrial waste heat recovery, transportation, deep space exploration, and data centers. Chen believes that with the help of artificial intelligence, future research directions will be more diversified, and application scenarios will be more abundant.
Summary: The National Internet Information Office, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology have jointly issued an "Implementation Opinion on Standardized Application and Innovative Development of Intelligent Agents," emphasizing security, control, standardization, and innovation as guiding principles. The document highlights the potential of intelligent agents to reshape individual productivity and integrate into various industries, citing examples in manufacturing, healthcare, and telecommunications. It acknowledges existing challenges such as technical instability, high computational costs, and security vulnerabilities. The directive outlines a future trajectory focusing on more reliable technology, deeper industrial integration, and a more open ecosystem.
Summary: NASA's "Curiosity" rover discovered the most diverse set of organic molecules yet found on Mars in a rock sample named "Mary Anning 3." The discovery included seven carbon-containing molecules never before detected on Mars. Researchers said this finding, a complement to the previous discovery of the largest organic molecule on Mars, strengthens the belief that ancient Mars had chemical conditions suitable for life. The findings suggest ancient Mars had the potential to support life. The research was published in the journal *Nature Communications*.
Summary: The "悟空" (Wukong) dark matter particle explorer satellite international collaboration announced new findings published in *Nature*, providing evidence for a "super particle accelerator" near Earth. Analyzing nine years of data (2016-2024), the team, including Zijinshan Astronomical Observatory researcher Yuan Qiang, precisely measured the energy spectra of five cosmic ray particles, directly confirming charge-dependent limits on cosmic ray acceleration. The study suggests supernova remnants are the likely source of this acceleration. Yuan stated that future research will observe more high-energy particles and deeply research other acceleration sources.
Summary: A research team at the Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, led by chief scientist Yuan Zhiliang, has achieved a breakthrough in solid-state quantum light sources by developing a high-performance biphoton emitter. The team's approach uses quantum dots and microcavities to generate paired photons with a high purity rate of 98.3% and a collection efficiency of 29.9%. This technology has applications in quantum communication, where entangled photons can create secure networks, and in quantum imaging and precision measurement, enabling high-resolution imaging. Yuan emphasized the importance of quantum light sources in connecting nodes in future quantum communication and computing networks. There was no mention of the United States or of U.S.-China relations in this article.
Summary: A collaborative research team from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics and Southern University of Science and Technology has achieved new progress in understanding the spillover effect in heterogeneous catalysis. The research team observed and confirmed the bulk oxygen spillover phenomenon controlled by the metal-support interface at the atomic scale. They clarified the important role of this phenomenon in heterogeneous catalytic reactions and proposed a new mechanism of "surface-interface-bulk" synergistic catalysis of metal-supports. The findings were published in the journal *Nature*.
Summary: A research team from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, has developed a multi-layered information encryption platform called HIDE. Published in "Matter," HIDE combines programmable amyloid protein nanofibers and DNA to create a transparent coating. This coating enables information hiding and tiered verification on material surfaces. The technology offers a new avenue for information security encryption and advanced anti-counterfeiting measures.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: The "Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries of China in 2025" have been announced, showcasing findings from prehistoric human interaction to the formation of early states. The discoveries enrich our understanding of history and explore the deeper and broader aspects of Chinese civilization. The discoveries highlight the mechanisms of integration of multiple regional civilizations. It is a review of China's annual archaeological discoveries.
Summary: China's annual top ten archaeological discoveries showcase the evolution of Chinese civilization and add details to historical understanding. Discoveries include a 220,000 to 13,000-year-old obsidian production site in Jilin, revealing an exchange network extending to Russia and the Korean Peninsula, and the Peiligang site in Henan, solidifying its foundational role in Central Plains civilization. The Zhengjiagou site extends the Red Mountain Culture's geographic range, and the Nanzuo site in Gansu reveals a large-scale settlement. Other finds include Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasty sites, enriching our understanding of those periods.
Summary: Four Paleolithic archaeological projects were nominated for the "Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries of China" in 2025, with the "Jilin Eastern Changbai Mountains Paleolithic Site Cluster" ultimately selected. This Changbai site established the cultural sequence of the Middle and Late Paleolithic periods in Northeast Asia and yielded unique artifacts. The Xinmiao Zhuang site in Hebei contains a relatively continuous Paleolithic cultural sequence from 120,000 to 10,000 years ago, with evidence of heat treatment of stone tools and geometric ornaments. The new discoveries at the Puding Chuandong site in Guizhou include the world's largest number of Paleolithic ground bone tools and human fossils with Denisovan DNA. The Jidao site complex in Guangxi contains late Paleolithic burial sites dating back 36,000 to 10,000 years ago.
Summary: Archaeological excavations at the Nanzo site in Qingyang, Gansu province, have revealed pit-yard dwellings, including cave dwellings, dating back 5,000 years. The Nanzo site's core area exhibits a pit-yard style, with the main hall F1 built in a lower-lying area and incorporating rounded corners reminiscent of cave dwellings. These discoveries suggest that Nanzo inhabitants may have invented the cave pit-yard dwelling. The site also demonstrates a multi-layered central axis layout, predating the central axis layout of later Chinese capitals. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Archaeological excavations at the Jizhong site in Shaoxing have unearthed over 1200 bamboo and wooden slips (简牍) dating primarily from the Han to Three Kingdoms periods, representing the first scientifically excavated county-level official documents in Zhejiang. These slips contain information on administrative divisions, legal matters, census records, and even educational texts like the *Cangjie Pian*, illustrating the administrative and cultural practices of the time. The discovery confirms the relocation of the Huiji (会稽) commandery seat to Shanyin (山阴) in 129 AD and provides insight into the Han dynasty's local governance and legal system. The unearthed documents demonstrate the consistent application of the central government's administrative system and cultural norms in the Huiji commandery, including the use of the official calendar and the *Cangjie Pian* for education. These findings offer unprecedented insights into the political, economic, cultural, and legal aspects of the Huiji commandery during the Han and Three Kingdoms periods.
Summary: Archaeological findings at the Zhongcun cemetery in Shanxi Province reveal that individuals buried there, dating back to the Xia-Shang period, were buried with scallops attached to their heads, signifying a possible political allegiance to the Erlitou center. Similar artifacts and burial practices found in other regions suggest a widespread cultural and political influence extending beyond the traditionally understood boundaries of the Erlitou culture. The presence of specific artifacts, like "管流陶爵," indicate adherence to shared ritual practices, and the "head-worn scallop" could represent a system of reward and recognition emanating from a central authority. These findings suggest a more extensive Xia Dynasty political control and a complex system of governance capable of integrating diverse groups. The article does not discuss the U.S. or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and relevant summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: The author recounts their experience as a patient in a shared hospital room after breaking their wrist. They describe their interactions with their roommates: an elderly man who missed his cigarettes and a younger man accompanied by his mother. A conflict arose when the author, annoyed by the younger roommate's late-night light, discovered he was using it to facilitate an IV drip. The author apologizes and later acknowledges the other patient's suffering and the lessons learned about empathy.
Summary: This poem depicts a meeting of two military groups on a narrow bridge. Soldiers from both sides, appearing weathered and determined, exchange a military blanket in silence, their hands meeting in a firm grip. The poem emphasizes the weight and significance of this historical "meeting," not in terms of official record, but in the humble details of the soldiers' provisions and gestures. Despite the passage of time and replacement of the bridge, the spirit of this event continues to bloom, symbolized by flowers that grow each spring. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this poem.
Summary: The author discusses the polarized views on AI's impact, particularly on education, addressing concerns about students' reliance on AI and teachers becoming obsolete. They argue that AI is a tool that amplifies existing abilities, emphasizing the importance of strong foundational knowledge and critical thinking skills in leveraging AI effectively, especially in the humanities. The author cites Li Xiang, who believes that experts will benefit far more from AI than ordinary people and the gap between them will increase. The author encourages readers to embrace AI as a tool while maintaining their own expertise and intellectual autonomy. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article identifies Chen Banding as the artist of the Chinese painting "Roses," which is part of the collection at the Beijing Fine Art Academy.
Summary: This article describes the cultural significance of "mian cha" (面茶), a local breakfast dish, to the people of Kang County in Gansu province. The author recounts childhood memories of eating mian cha prepared by their grandmother and later returning to their hometown to find the same familiar taste. The dish's origins are traced back to the tea horse road, where tea traders exchanged tea for ingredients like flour and salt, which were then incorporated into a tea-based soup. Mian cha is depicted as a staple food that has sustained generations and remains a vital part of daily life in Kang County. The author emphasizes the continuity of this culinary tradition despite the decline of the ancient trade route.
Summary: The article discusses the emergence of small, independent bookstores and cultural spaces in Baoshan, Yunnan, highlighting two examples: Xiaodong Bookstore and Han Shu Lou. These bookstores, owned by individuals who prioritize a love for reading and community engagement over profit, offer a space for locals to connect with literature and each other. The author notes a similar space opening in Shidian County, featuring reading areas alongside local cultural experiences, which they were invited to give a lecture at. The establishment of these spaces, even in remote areas, fosters a connection to the wider world through literature and cultural exchange. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article describes the revitalizing energy of nature in the northern mountains after a spring rain. It focuses on the sensory experience of connecting with the land through farming and barefoot interaction with the soil. The author emphasizes the importance of understanding and respecting the land to fully appreciate its vital force.
Summary: This article is a call for submissions from readers. It specifies that submissions should be original and not submitted to multiple publications simultaneously. The email address provided is dadi@peopledaily.cn. There is no mention of the statements or actions of an official, nor any mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
By: 本报记者 王乐文 朱佩娴
In May, the Central Plains (中原) is bustling with agricultural activities. In the vegetable industrial park of Shizhuang Village (时庄村), Huaiyang District (淮阳区), Zhoukou City (周口市), Henan Province (河南), there are many tourists. People carry vegetable baskets and stroll through the greenhouses, picking fresh vegetables. Liu Qian (刘倩), who used to work in Shanghai (上海), returned to her hometown at the beginning of this year and contracted 11 vegetable greenhouses. "With this batch of vegetables alone, retail and wholesale combined, the 11 greenhouses can generate an income of 700,000 yuan!" Liu Qian (刘倩) is very confident.
The confidence stems from the changes brought about by Henan's (河南) area-based promotion of rural revitalization. Huaiyang District (淮阳区) is creating a pilot zone for the construction of a beautiful countryside that is suitable for living and working, incorporating 67 villages into the area plan, investing in the construction of high-standard modern vegetable greenhouses, and renting them to villagers at low prices. Over the past year, the industry has formed agglomeration advantages. Shizhuang Village (时庄村) is also taking advantage of this opportunity, building 22 new vegetable greenhouses this year.
In May 2025, during his inspection in Henan (河南), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out, "We must strengthen the protection and construction of arable land, shoulder the responsibility for food security, extend the modern agricultural industry chain, drive the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas through integrated urban-rural development, and promote common prosperity between urban and rural areas." The "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五规划纲要) proposes, "Learn from and apply the experience of the 'Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation' project, and promote rural revitalization in a classified, orderly, and area-based manner."
Henan (河南) has more than 45,000 established villages, with an average of fewer than 900 people per village. In the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五) period, Henan (河南) thoroughly implemented the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions and issued guiding opinions on promoting rural revitalization in a classified, orderly, and area-based manner, adding 19 more pilot zones on top of the 16 pilot zones for the construction of a beautiful countryside suitable for living and working that were built in 2025.
Planning leads, integrating and coordinating resources and factors, forming an area-based group development pattern.
On weekends, Li Chaoming (李超明), a citizen of Luoyang (洛阳), and his family came to Luhun Lake (陆浑湖) in Song County (嵩县). They originally only planned to have a farm meal, but ended up staying for two days: the child wanted to go to the amusement park, the wife wanted to experience the baking cafe, and he wanted to spend the night at the camping base. "The projects are rich, the service is upgraded, it's hard not to stay," said Li Chaoming (李超明).
"The six towns and 35 villages around Luhun Lake (陆浑湖) are laying out diversified new business formats such as high-end health and wellness and ecological camping," introduced Xin Junfeng (辛俊峰), Secretary of the Song County (嵩县) Party Committee. The county invited a professional design team to guide villagers in renovating homestays. "Following the county's plan, there's no worry about not making money," said Zhang Chunwu (张纯武), a villager in Wangchenggang Village (望城岗村), Luhun Town (陆浑镇), Song County (嵩县).
Since the beginning of this year, Song County (嵩县) has divided the county's 16 towns into 5 major areas and 40 groups, using industry as a link, and is building 5 cultivation-type groups such as the 10,000-mu Chinese medicinal material base in Tianhu Xishan (田湖西山).
During the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五) period, Henan (河南) will conduct overall planning for townships in counties that are geographically adjacent, industrially related, connected by transportation, and culturally similar, with 2 to 3 townships forming a large cross-township group. Each cross-township group will determine 1 central town and 5 to 8 central villages, driving surrounding villages to achieve cross-village linkage and clustered development.
Industries are formed in clusters, with advantageous industries concentrated in advantageous areas, and leading industrial chains are developed according to local conditions.
In the hilly areas of northern Henan (豫北), patches of green are layered upon the mountains. Jiyuan City (济源市) leverages the advantages of hilly areas suitable for seed breeding, developing in groups with a "leading enterprise + cooperative (farm) + farmer" model. The vegetable seed production base reaches 70,000 mu, driving income growth for 12,000 farmers.
"We will be able to harvest seeds in a while, earning 5,000 yuan per mu! Henan Luyin Seed Technology Co., Ltd. (河南绿茵种业科技有限公司) manages planting, harvesting, and technology, making it easier for us to farm," said Hao Fuxi (郝福喜), a villager in Haoshan Village (郝山村), Potou Town (坡头镇), Jiyuan City (济源市). He contracted several nearby hills, and the slopes are planted with vegetable seedlings such as cabbage and kale.
The Lankao County (兰考县) Yellow River (黄河) Old Course Green Food Industrial Belt, the Xin'an County (新安县) Cherry Full Industry Chain, the Xixia County (西峡县) Mushroom-Fruit-Medicine-Tourism Integrated Industry Chain... a batch of characteristic industrial clusters are rising in the Central Plains (中原).
Henan (河南) is cultivating 18 rural revitalization industrial chains according to local conditions by extending the agricultural product processing chain, improving the level of agricultural product processing, cultivating and strengthening leading enterprises, and creating agricultural product processing brands.
Construction is carried out in contiguous areas, with integrated layout of urban and rural infrastructure and public services, making life more convenient for farmers.
"The platform monitors that the garbage bin in Yuanqiao Village (袁桥村), Dajindian Town (大金店镇) is full, and there is garbage accumulation. Please handle it in a timely manner!" At the Smart City Operation Center of Dengfeng City (登封市), Zhengzhou (郑州), a warning message was sent to the local grid chief. Half an hour later, the garbage had been cleaned up.
Since 2025, Dengfeng (登封) has deployed intelligent terminals in key areas such as domestic waste disposal and geological disaster prevention, automatically capturing images, providing instant warnings, and quickly handling them, effectively rectifying more than 6,800 environmental problems.
Currently, Henan (河南) has hardened roads connecting established villages and natural villages with more than 20 households, the popularization rate of tap water in rural areas has reached 97.48%, and the domestic waste collection and transportation system covers all established villages. A new picture of modern civilized life is unfolding in the vast countryside.
During the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五) period, Henan (河南) will deeply learn from and apply the experience of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" project, accelerate the efforts to make up for the shortcomings in modern living conditions in rural areas, and promote the construction of a beautiful countryside suitable for living and working. The goal is to reach more than 98% popularization rate of tap water in rural areas, more than 80% popularization rate of sanitary toilets, and more than 70% treatment rate of domestic sewage in rural areas by 2030.
"Bearing in mind General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) earnest entrustment, during the '15th Five-Year Plan' (十五五) period, Henan (河南) will promote a profound transformation of rural development from single-point breakthroughs to overall improvement, effectively driving the comprehensive revitalization of the Central Plains (中原) countryside," said Liu Ning (刘宁), Secretary of the Henan Provincial Party Committee (河南省委书记).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者
Since the launch of the study and education campaign on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, all regions, departments, and units have adhered to high-standard planning and high-quality advancement, integrating learning, investigation, and rectification. They have wholeheartedly and diligently solved the urgent, difficult, and worrying problems of the masses, and tested the results of the study and education with practical results that promote development and benefit the people.
Theoretical Armament: In-depth Study and Thorough Understanding
The Hedong District (河东区) of Tianjin (天津) has insisted on strengthening theoretical armament as an important task throughout the study and education. The Standing Committee of the District Party Committee took the lead in studying "Excerpts of Xi Jinping's (习近平) Discourses on Establishing and Practicing a Correct View of Performance." Party organizations at all levels conducted study and discussions based on their actual situations. The District Party School also organized trainees to conduct thematic discussions on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, guiding party members and cadres to consciously enhance their Party spirit and improve their ideological awareness.
In order to promote the study and education to be deeply rooted in the minds of the people, Yiyang City (益阳市) in Hunan Province (湖南省) relied on the "Qing Sixiang" (青思享) learning and exchange activities, focusing on the theoretical improvement and ideological resonance of party members and cadres, and constructed a theoretical learning system of Party school demonstration, pilot demonstration, and full coverage. It used popular language and vivid cases to explain the theoretical policies in a deep and thorough manner, guiding middle-aged and young cadres to establish themselves and start their careers with a correct view of performance, and to strive for the first place in practical work, injecting strong impetus into the high-quality economic and social development.
Baixiang County (柏乡县) in Xingtai City (邢台市), Hebei Province (河北省), strengthened learning through various forms such as reading classes, theoretical learning central groups, "three meetings and one lesson," and theme party days, promoting the internalization of the correct view of performance in the heart and its externalization in action. It implemented classified policies and flexibly organized learning for groups such as mobile party members and retired party members. At the same time, it made good use of both positive and negative examples, using positive examples to establish value benchmarks and stimulate the power of striving; using negative examples to sound the alarm, draw red lines, and rectify the atmosphere, promoting the achievement of practical results in study and education.
Investigate Problems: Be Serious and Face Hardship
It is better to find answers in the front line of the grassroots than to make decisions in the office. Party members and cadres at the city and county levels in Taizhou City (泰州市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), walked out of their offices and went deep into communities, rural areas, enterprise workshops, and project sites to find existing deviations in their view of performance, correcting them while investigating and immediately correcting them. In response to the problems and needs raised by the masses, all levels and departments adhered to immediate acceptance and handling, adopting a closed-loop management method of party member acceptance, classified policies, hierarchical joint handling, and public announcement of cancellation, promoting the resolution of problems.
Since the launch of the study and education campaign, Zhucheng City (诸城市) in Shandong Province (山东省) has organized county-level leading cadres, town and street districts, and department units' "top leaders" to take the lead in visiting enterprises to ask about needs, visiting villages to ask about plans, visiting people to ask about safety, and visiting talents to ask about wisdom. Focusing on key areas such as education, medical care, transportation, employment, and entrepreneurship, they listened to the thoughts and expectations of the masses, understood opinions and suggestions face-to-face, and turned the "list of demands" of the masses into the "task list" of the work.
Songyang County (松阳县) in Lishui City (丽水市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省), promoted the regular visits and investigations of party members and cadres at all levels, truly going to the grassroots, truly listening to the voices of the people, and truly doing practical things. It widely collected the urgent, difficult, and worrying problems of the masses, closely combining its own problem investigation with doing practical things for the people, discovering problems in visits, resolving contradictions in practical work, and striving to transform the results of study and education into practical work results.
Learn to Apply: Strive for Practical Results
Xining City (西宁市) in Qinghai Province (青海省) focused on the urgent, difficult, and worrying problems of the masses, deeply promoted the "must respond immediately" work mechanism, and deeply optimized the dispatch rules and responsibility list through immediate acceptance and handling, time-limited feedback, regular scheduling, and follow-up effectiveness, realizing the "one-number response, one-stop acceptance, and front-line access" of the masses' demands. At the same time, it continued to optimize measures such as consultation and judgment on difficult and complex demands and "top leader" leadership meetings, promoting party members and cadres to establish and practice a correct view of performance in the process of responding to public opinion, resolving people's worries, and gathering people's hearts.
Xing'an League (兴安盟) in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) focused on the difficulties of the grassroots and the worries of the masses, solicited problem demands from all leagues, gacha (villages, communities), and allocated special funds for "small-cut office work," doing practical things for the people's livelihood such as repairing damaged road surfaces, renovating leisure squares, improving lighting facilities, and rectifying environmental sanitation, delivering services to the doorstep and warmth to the heart, and testing the results of study and education with visible and tangible practical results.
Beihai City (北海市) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西壮族自治区) screened the concentrated areas of mass demands from the "grid + hotline" work orders, identified problems, and solved problems. After discovering problems in rural water conservancy, Beihai City (北海市) treated both the symptoms and the root causes, traced the source, comprehensively investigated and sorted out the problem list, focused on rural water supply projects and farmland water conservancy irrigation projects, closely focused on substandard project construction quality and untimely handling of problems reported by the masses, carried out the construction and rectification of rural water conservancy projects, and strived to solve the problems of difficult drinking water and difficult irrigation for rural people.
(Our reporters Shi Yiqi (史一棋), Yin Xiaoyu (尹晓宇), Liu Junguo (刘军国), Li Jiading (李家鼎), Xiao Jiaxin (肖家鑫), Sun Chao (孙超), Zhao Mengyang (赵梦阳), Zhu Jiaqi (祝佳祺), Zhao Jingfeng (赵景锋), Jiang Meng (江萌))
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 8th. Premier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) recently signed a State Council decree, promulgating the revised "Implementation Regulations of the Administrative Reconsideration Law of the People's Republic of China" (中华人民共和国行政复议法实施条例) (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations"), which will come into effect on July 1, 2026.
The "Regulations" aim to detail the relevant provisions of the Administrative Reconsideration Law, improve the administrative reconsideration system and mechanism, substantially resolve administrative disputes, protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, and other organizations, and create a legal and business environment. The "Regulations" consist of 8 chapters and 77 articles, and the main contents of the revision are as follows:
First, clarify the overall requirements. It requires administrative reconsideration agencies to conduct a comprehensive review of the legality and appropriateness of administrative actions. Clarify the work responsibilities of administrative reconsideration agencies and administrative reconsideration institutions, and strengthen the guarantee of performance of duties. It stipulates that administrative reconsideration agencies should support and guarantee administrative reconsideration institutions to carry out mediation in accordance with the law, and relevant administrative agencies should cooperate.
Second, refine the provisions for applying for administrative reconsideration. Refine the specific circumstances under which an application for administrative reconsideration can be made. Make detailed provisions on how to determine the applicant and respondent for administrative reconsideration. Refine the time limit for applying for administrative reconsideration when an administrative agency fails to perform its statutory duties, and clarify the specific circumstances in which administrative reconsideration is a prerequisite for non-disclosure of government information. Make detailed provisions on the jurisdiction of administrative reconsideration in special circumstances such as administrative actions jointly made by two or more departments of the State Council (国务院).
Third, improve the administrative reconsideration case handling system. Refine the procedure for the respondent to correct illegal administrative actions on its own. Stipulate the composition and performance requirements of the Administrative Reconsideration Committee. Clarify the specific circumstances and procedures for upgrading trials, add a consolidated trial system, and improve investigation and evidence collection methods. Refine the incidental review system for regulatory documents. Improve the administrative reconsideration decision system.
Fourth, strengthen administrative reconsideration guidance and supervision. Clarify that local people's governments at or above the county level should establish and improve the administrative reconsideration work responsibility system. It stipulates that if an administrative reconsideration institution discovers universal problems in the implementation of laws, regulations, rules, and regulatory documents in its administrative reconsideration work, it may prepare administrative reconsideration recommendations.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 8th. Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥), a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, recently conducted research on basic research in Fujian (福建), Shanghai (上海), and Beijing (北京). He pointed out that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) attended a symposium on strengthening basic research and delivered an important speech, issuing a call to further consolidate the foundation for building a strong country in science and technology in the new era and on the new journey. It is necessary to thoroughly study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech, leverage the advantages of the new type of national system, and with the perseverance and determination of “十年磨一剑” (shí nián mó yī jiàn - "ten years to forge a sword," great effort over a long period), comprehensively improve the level of basic research and original innovation capabilities.
Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) visited the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and the Huairou National Laboratory (怀柔国家实验室) to understand the progress of original innovation and tackling key core technologies. He pointed out that to build a strong country in science and technology, basic research must be improved. It is necessary to adhere to the strategic guidance of "four orientations," optimize the layout of basic research, highlight the main directions and key areas, strengthen original and disruptive innovation, and achieve mutual promotion and progress between scientific discoveries and technological inventions. Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) inspected the High Energy Photon Source (高能同步辐射光源) on-site, emphasizing the need to strengthen the construction of major science and technology infrastructure, improve the level of basic scientific research support, and promote accelerated breakthroughs in basic research.
High-level research universities are the main force in basic research and the main battlefield for talent cultivation. Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) visited Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学) and the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院大学) for research. He pointed out that it is necessary to promote the integrated development of education, science, technology, and talent, strengthen the construction of basic disciplines and the independent cultivation of top-notch innovative talents, and support young scientific and technological personnel to take on major responsibilities and play leading roles. When visiting the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and the "Two Bombs, One Satellite" Memorial Hall ("两弹一星"纪念馆), Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) emphasized that the construction of a strong country in science and technology requires both material guarantees and spiritual support. Without spiritual strength, there will be no high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening. It is necessary to pass on the spirit of "Two Bombs, One Satellite" ("两弹一星"精神) from generation to generation, inspiring and motivating the majority of scientific and technological personnel to shoulder national missions and climb the peaks of science.
At Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Limited (宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司) and Huawei's (华为) Lianqiu Lake Research Center (练秋湖研发中心), Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) affirmed the achievements of leading science and technology enterprises in conducting basic research. He pointed out that leading science and technology enterprises should not only be good at technological innovation and achievement transformation "from 1 to 100," but also dare to make original breakthroughs "from 0 to 1." It is necessary to grasp the development trend of industrial technology, promote basic research, application development, and achievement transformation in an integrated manner, pay more attention to solving technical problems from the source and at the bottom level, and consolidate the leading position of the industry by improving basic research capabilities.
During the research, Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) emphasized that the Party Central Committee's convening of a symposium on strengthening basic research is an important milestone in China's scientific and technological development. We must deeply understand the strategic intentions of the Party Central Committee, strengthen systematic deployment and overall coordination, give play to the leading role of national strategic scientific and technological forces and the radiating and driving role of international scientific and technological innovation centers, coordinate central and local efforts, and link departments to promote continuous new breakthroughs in basic research, providing a solid foundation for the construction of a strong country in science and technology.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 丁雅诵
It is currently the peak season for higher vocational colleges' independent enrollment and spring enrollment. In Hunan Province (湖南省), the application-to-admission ratio for the Big Data and Accounting program at Changsha Commerce & Tourism College (长沙商贸旅游职业技术学院) is as high as 440%. In Guangdong Province (广东省), the admission scores for Shenzhen Polytechnic University (深圳职业技术大学) are also rising. In recent years, vocational education has received increasing attention.
However, some concerns remain: Applying to vocational colleges is often seen as a "last resort" choice. Can students learn the skills needed by industries? What are the career prospects? How can the attractiveness of vocational education be improved? A reporter interviewed relevant officials from the Department of Vocational and Adult Education of the Ministry of Education (教育部职业教育与成人教育司).
Can Skills Keep Pace with Industry?
Reader Concern: I heard from a friend that the professional settings of vocational colleges are relatively lagging behind. Will I be unable to keep up with industrial development after graduation?
Finding the right target positioning and resonating with economic and social development—this consensus has now been formed in vocational education.
"The professional catalog is adjusted every year, and the professional setting emphasizes the word 'new'," the official said. In the past five years, vocational education has added 143 new majors and 12,000 new major points. 50% of vocational education major points are in engineering and technology majors, and the average annual adjustment of major points is about 10%.
Behind the data, what do the new majors look like specifically? Changchun Vocational Institute of Technology (长春职业技术大学) has established an Integrated Circuit Industry College, jointly opening order classes with enterprises to cultivate urgently needed talents for vehicle-mounted integrated circuits. Xi'an Aeronautical University (西安航空职业技术学院) has established a low-altitude aircraft equipment technology major, focusing on the design, manufacture, assembly, debugging, operation, and maintenance of low-altitude aircraft. These new majors are aimed at the current new economy, new business forms, new technologies, and new occupations.
"What kind of people the industry needs, we will set up what kind of major to cultivate people," the official said. By the end of 2025, the Ministry of Education (教育部) will add 57 new majors in one go, covering cutting-edge fields such as the low-altitude economy, artificial intelligence, and elderly care and childcare.
Is What is Learned What Enterprises Need?
Reader Concern: I used to hear that vocational education production and education are "two skins." If I apply to a vocational college, can I learn the skills that enterprises really need?
How to avoid "two skins" in school-enterprise cooperation has always been a difficult problem facing vocational education. In recent years, various regions and schools have established the concept of "big vocational education," innovated cooperation mechanisms, and improved the quality of production and education integration.
The official introduced that many places have strengthened the joint production and education in the city and the integration of industry and education. Enterprises, schools, and industries jointly formulate plans. In February of this year, the Ministry of Education (教育部) issued the "Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Key Elements of Vocational Education and Teaching," systematically promoting the linkage reform of majors, courses, textbooks, teachers, and internships. The direction is very clear: vocational education talent training should shift from single knowledge imparting to comprehensive ability improvement.
Can Employment Meet Students' Expectations?
Reader Concern: Many people say that going to vocational school is a "last resort" choice. After my child goes to vocational school, is it easy to find a job? Can I find a good job?
In the past five years, vocational education has provided more than 70% of the newly added high-quality and highly skilled talents for modern industries. "Vocational education has broad prospects and great potential," this sentence has become a reality.
Speaking with data: The employment rate of higher vocational graduates has remained stable at around 90% in the past five years, and some high-quality institutions have exceeded 95%. Many business leaders said that they are willing to use vocational school students because they "get started quickly." Some companies also jointly build industrial colleges with schools to carry out "order-based" training and special training, and students have better employment prospects.
"We will take the 'Double High Plan' as an opportunity to promote the construction of a modern vocational education system, improve the quality and attractiveness of vocational education, and make vocational colleges no longer a 'last resort' choice, but a growth track for students to establish themselves with skills, have a way to further education, and have a way to employment," the official said.
Return to TopRecently, the 500-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST), known as "China's Sky Eye," has initiated the replacement of the feed drive steel cables. Six steel cables pull the "eyeball" of "China's Sky Eye" (中国天眼) – the feed cabin – achieving real-time positioning in the high altitude, and are called the "eye muscles" of "China's Sky Eye" (中国天眼). Previously, the steel cables relied on imports, but after achieving domestic production, the supply chain security issue has been resolved.
All of the above images are taken by Xinhua News Agency reporter Ou Dongqu (欧东衢).
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on May 8th (Reporter Zhang Cong (张璁)) The reporter learned from the Ministry of Justice (司法部): "The Notice on Comprehensively Promoting the 'Scan Code to Enter Enterprise' Work and Further Regulating Administrative Inspections Involving Enterprises" has been issued, unifying and standardizing the basic links and basic elements of "Scan Code to Enter Enterprise."
The notice requires strict and unified code assignment, clarifying that provincial government administrative law enforcement supervision agencies should strengthen overall planning and, together with relevant law enforcement departments, accelerate the integration of code assignment channels to form a unified "Law Enforcement Code." It clarifies the content of inspections, comprehensively covering the inspection entity, personnel, and other content, so that enterprises can clearly know who is inspecting and what is being inspected with a single scan. It clarifies the scanning procedure, strictly following the scanning process. Before entering an enterprise for inspection, law enforcement personnel must report and file the inspection task, and the system automatically generates a "Law Enforcement Code." For joint inspections, only one code is assigned at a time. Inspections must not be carried out without obtaining a "Law Enforcement Code"; in urgent situations where on-site implementation is required, retroactive processing must be completed within a limited time afterward. When entering an enterprise for inspection, law enforcement personnel should proactively present the "Law Enforcement Code," and the enterprise should scan the code to verify relevant information. If there are any objections, feedback can be provided with one click. After the enterprise inspection, inspection records and law enforcement documents are automatically generated and uniformly aggregated into the government's administrative law enforcement supervision information system for supervision of the entire inspection process.
The notice emphasizes the full utilization of the functions of existing law enforcement system platforms, streamlining and merging inspection items, strengthening differentiated supervision of different enterprises, effectively avoiding 走过场检查 (zǒu guò chǎng jiǎn chá - "going through the motions inspection," perfunctory inspection) and ineffective inspections, and improving the accuracy of inspections. By unifying code assignment and strengthening technological empowerment, it further standardizes enterprise inspections, avoids multiple and redundant data entry, and effectively reduces the burden on enterprises and grassroots levels.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王伟健
In the first quarter of this year, the added value of high-tech manufacturing above designated size increased by 12.5% year-on-year, an acceleration of 3.1 percentage points compared to last year.
"There's a problem with the heat dissipation." On the display screen, the numbers suddenly flickered. The central processing unit, which was originally running stably at full load, saw its load drop to below 90% within a few seconds. The smooth data flow suddenly lost its rhythm, and the testing personnel immediately gathered around to investigate.
In the safety testing laboratory of Suzhou Yuankong Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. (江苏苏州源控电子科技有限公司) in Jiangsu (江苏), the team is conducting pre-production testing on an industrial control computer. This company, which specializes in the research and development, production, and manufacturing of industrial control computers, has business operations covering multiple countries, and its sales in the first quarter increased by more than 50% year-on-year.
How was the growth achieved?
At Suzhou Yuankong (苏州源控), you can see all kinds of industrial control computers: from palm-sized embedded industrial control computers to rack-mounted industrial control computers the size of printers, with different models corresponding to different scenarios. "Industrial control computers are the 'smart brains' of industrial production, with a wide range of application scenarios." Bao Yanfeng (包延峰), the relevant person in charge of the Strategic Resources Center of Seewo Technology (视源股份), to which Suzhou Yuankong (苏州源控) belongs, said that the growth is driven by the wave of intelligent transformation, digital transformation, and networked connection in various industries.
What is the difference between industrial control computers and consumer-grade computers? Wang Qiang (王强), head of the Suzhou Yuankong (苏州源控) laboratory, introduced that a good industrial control computer not only needs to have excellent computing power, but also needs to adapt to complex working conditions and operate stably in extreme environments—it can start stably at minus 40 degrees Celsius and continue to operate at 70 degrees Celsius, and is not affected by dust, humidity, or strong electromagnetic fields.
"Developing one step faster, the product is one point more stable, and there is more confidence when exploring the market." Bao Yanfeng (包延峰) said that if you want to win in the fierce market competition, there is no shortcut, you can only concentrate on practicing technical "hard skills."
In the environmental testing room, rows of "small houses" are neatly arranged. They are the "proving grounds" for products before mass production: some simulate environments with higher temperatures and humidity than tropical rainforests, and some replicate temperatures lower than those in polar regions... "Products must first 'shed a layer of skin' here before they can enter the factory workshop." Wang Qiang (王强) said that product reliability cannot be separated from round after round of rigorous testing in the laboratory.
Once, the company participated in an important project bidding, and the customer only set one test: all bidding products were placed in a closed box and continuously operated for dozens of hours in a high-temperature and sun-exposed environment, and only those with no data abnormalities throughout the process could win the bid. Through hard work, Suzhou Yuankong (苏州源控) won this big order.
"A complete industrial chain and supply chain provide strong support for enterprise development." Bao Yanfeng (包延峰) said.
Bozon Precision (博众精工), located in Wujiang District (吴江区), Suzhou (苏州), is a high-end intelligent manufacturing equipment overall solution provider with very high requirements for industrial control computer performance. Bozon Precision (博众精工) and Suzhou Yuankong (苏州源控) are only half an hour's drive away. On one side is the demand for scenarios, and on the other side is the supply of technology. The geographical advantage is transformed into the innovative advantage of industrial chain collaboration, and the cooperation is becoming more and more in-depth.
As one of the gathering places of China's industrial control computer industry, Suzhou (苏州) has built a complete industrial chain from chips and industrial core software to system integration and scenario implementation. "Upstream and downstream enterprises are gathered nearby, supply chain support is close at hand, and technical collaboration can be implemented at any time. This is the biggest advantage of industrial development." Hu Jing (胡婧), director of the Electronic Information Industry Division of the Suzhou Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology (苏州市工信局), introduced that the city has more than 13,000 industrial enterprises above designated size, investing 2 billion yuan in fiscal funds every year to promote "intelligent transformation, digital transformation, and networked connection," and has cumulatively implemented more than 30,000 related projects, providing rich landing scenarios for industrial control computers and systems from consumer electronics, automobiles, new energy to high-end equipment, and biomedicine industries.
Now, Suzhou Yuankong's (苏州源控) orders have been scheduled for several months later. "We will continue to study technical details, break through more industry technical bottlenecks, and create more reliable and advanced products to allow China's industrial control computers to go further." Bao Yanfeng (包延峰) said.
Return to TopBy: 吕 莉
First-quarter sales increased by more than 50% year-on-year, with orders scheduled months in advance—how did this industrial computer enterprise in Jiangsu achieve rapid development?
The secret lies in "embedding."
Embedding in the demand side. In the first two months, China's industrial control computer and system equipment production increased by 90%. Behind the impressive data is the massive demand released by the manufacturing industry's "intelligent transformation, digital transformation, and network connection." Suzhou (苏州) invests 2 billion yuan in fiscal funds every year, implementing a cumulative total of over 30,000 transformation projects. The "15th Five-Year Plan" outline proposes to comprehensively promote the empowerment of digital and intelligent technologies. The sea of demand calls for high-quality supply. Enterprises follow the trend, aiming at demand and making precise efforts.
Embedding in the industrial chain. Within a half-hour drive, scenario demands and technology supply "shake hands," and geographical proximity is transformed into deep collaboration. Rich scenarios and readily available upstream and downstream support provide enterprises with a complete ecosystem from research and development to application. Being in it, enterprises accurately position themselves, develop irreplaceable research and production capabilities in key links, empower each other with upstream and downstream, and promote the overall leap of the industrial chain.
Entering with rigid demand, industrial agglomeration, and synergistic win-win, the popularity of industrial computers is not accidental, but an inevitable result of conforming to the laws of high-quality development of the manufacturing industry.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 廖文根 付 文 施 钰
On May 8th, the "15th Five-Year Plan" Fujian Special Press Conference was held in Fuzhou (福州). Zhao Long (赵龙), Deputy Secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee and Governor of Fujian Province, stated that in order to thoroughly implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions and requirements for Fujian's work, Fujian must adhere to the goal of building a new Fujian with a vibrant mechanism, superior industries, affluent people, and a beautiful ecology, implementing a blueprint to the end, comprehensively promoting high-quality development, striving to be a pioneer in the construction of Chinese-style modernization, and striving to create a new situation in Fujian's practice of Chinese-style modernization.
Moving towards new and superior, focusing on building a modern industrial system.
Grasping industries, strengthening industries, and optimizing industries, Fujian's determination is firm.
Fujian is accelerating the construction of the "555X" industrial clusters, cultivating 5 trillion-yuan-level industrial clusters such as electronic information, 5 five-hundred-billion-yuan-level industrial clusters such as new materials, and 5 hundred-billion-yuan-level industrial clusters such as artificial intelligence and robotics, and aiming at emerging tracks and future development directions, cultivating several ten-billion-yuan-level industrial clusters such as new batteries, striving to make the output value of industrial strategic emerging industries account for more than 30% of the output value of industries above designated size.
Blazing new trails in promoting the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation. Fujian is focusing on building an innovation source area facing the future and radiating across the province, an industrial innovation gathering area dominated by enterprises and with multi-party collaboration, and a preferred place for achievement transformation facing the whole country and linking the world, and accelerating the construction of a high-level regional science and technology innovation center.
Deeply practice the concept of great agriculture and great food. Fujian adheres to the simultaneous development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, and the coordinated development of good fields, good seeds, good machines, and good methods, striving to make the total output value of the entire industrial chain of the province's top ten rural characteristic industries exceed 4 trillion yuan.
Deeply implement the service industry expansion and quality improvement action. Fujian empowers industrial upgrading with productive service industries, enhances people's well-being with life service industries, and releases the employment potential of the service industry through innovation-driven means. It is estimated that by 2030, the scale of Fujian's service industry will step onto a new level from 3 trillion yuan in 2025 to 4 trillion yuan.
Promote the digital and intelligent empowerment of thousands of industries. Fujian promotes the deep integration of artificial intelligence and the real economy. Grasp the industrialization of intelligence, and plan to cultivate more than 1,500 artificial intelligence enterprises in 5 years; grasp the intelligentization of industries, promote the "intelligent transformation and digital transformation" of traditional industries, and strive to make the proportion of enterprises with comprehensive digitalization of key business links exceed 76% by the end of the "15th Five-Year Plan".
Zhao Long (赵龙) introduced that in the next 5 years, Fujian will strive to build a more globally competitive modern industrial system, stand at the forefront of the times, continuously move towards new and superior, and make new contributions to the overall development of the country.
Creating benefits for the people and steadily promoting common prosperity.
Solve the people's worries with the heart of serving the people and seek the people's interests with pragmatic actions.
The "Fujian Provincial National Economic and Social Development 15th Five-Year Plan Outline" has deployed 210 key tasks around employment, education, health, and "the elderly and the young," which is the most comprehensive, detailed, and specific of all previous five-year plans. During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, Fujian will adhere to investing nearly 80% of its fiscal funds in the field of people's livelihood, so that the fruits of modernization construction can benefit all the people more and more fairly.
Promote high-quality and full employment. Through the implementation of the Skill Fujian Action, Fujian has carried out 1.25 million subsidized vocational skills training sessions. Focusing on key groups, Fujian will make greater efforts to stabilize jobs, expand capacity, and improve quality, increase more job opportunities, and do a good job in employment services.
Run education that satisfies the people. In terms of basic education, Fujian will improve the education resource allocation mechanism that adapts to population changes, support qualified kindergartens to run nursery classes, and promote small-class teaching in compulsory education. In terms of higher education and vocational education, improve the linkage mechanism between enrollment, employment, and majors, expand the enrollment scale of high-quality undergraduate education and majors, and orderly adjust the major structure, so that children can go to good universities and learn real skills.
Build a high-quality and efficient medical service system. Fujian will expand the supply of high-quality medical resources, further strengthen national and provincial regional medical centers, and build high-level hospitals; reduce the medical burden on the masses, continue to consolidate and improve the Sanming (三明) medical reform experience, implement policies such as long-term care insurance and personal "no self-payment" for childbirth within the scope of the policy, and summarize and promote small-scale reforms such as pre-diagnosis and post-payment and free escort care services, and stabilize the reimbursement ratio for inpatient medical insurance within the residents' medical insurance catalog at 70%.
Deeply implement the new era of mountain-sea collaboration. In 2025, the urbanization rate of Fujian's permanent residents will reach 72.6%, and the income gap between urban and rural residents will continue to narrow year by year for 16 consecutive years. Fujian will coordinate new urbanization and comprehensive rural revitalization, promote the revitalization and development of old revolutionary areas and Soviet areas, and focus on narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and regions to ensure that residents' income growth is synchronized with economic growth.
Protect the ecology and accelerate the comprehensive green transformation.
During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, Fujian will closely focus on building a pilot zone for a beautiful China province, and strive to basically build a beautiful Fujian by 2030, so that green waters and green mountains will always be the pride of Fujian.
The economic structure is green and superior. Fujian adheres to taking green and low-carbon development as the fundamental solution to ecological and environmental problems, vigorously develops clean energy, cultivates and strengthens green industries, actively develops a circular economy, and comprehensively promotes conservation and intensive use. Optimize the layout, implement ecological and environmental zoning management and control, and "tailor-make" industrial layout and project implementation with green standards; optimize industries, promote collaborative innovation in pollution reduction and carbon reduction, and promote the double reduction of energy consumption intensity and carbon emission intensity; optimize the chain, expand the ecological chain of the circular economy, and drive the green and low-carbon development of supporting supply chains and logistics chains, and strive to extend renewable resources to intensive processing.
Environmental well-being is perceptible and accessible. Fujian will focus more on the "urgent, difficult, and worrying" issues of the people, "eliminate black and odorous" small and micro water bodies, pits, ponds, and ditches, and create more spaces where "you can see the scenery when you open the window and enter the park when you go out." At the same time, the money-saving and worry-free "energy housekeeper," the intelligent traffic management that alleviates red light anxiety, and application scenarios such as carbon benefits, carbon credits, and carbon accounts will also benefit thousands of industries and thousands of households.
Zhao Long (赵龙) said that Fujian will promote new achievements in high-quality development, new advantages in reform and opening up, new results in the integrated development of both sides of the Taiwan Strait, new levels in cultural influence, new improvements in high-quality life, new appearances in high-value ecological environment, and new strengthening in high-efficiency governance.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李 蕊
The chair jolted suddenly, and the entire row of seats tilted abruptly with the surge.
Liu Yukun (刘钰坤), a tourist from Tianjin (天津), gripped the handrail tightly. A massive, ink-colored wave crashed down, the roar filling his ears from all directions, and the salty mist hit his face...
"Immersive!" Liu Yukun (刘钰坤) exclaimed, "Sitting in the theater, it feels like you're really aboard an ancient ship, sailing on an adventure with the fleet, and experiencing a sea storm firsthand."
At the Qingdao Olympic Sailing Center (青岛奥帆中心) Maritime Theater in Qingdao (青岛), Shandong (山东), the large-scale immersive tourism performance "Searching for the Canghai Dream" (寻梦沧海) welcomed a surge of viewers during the "May Day" holiday.
In recent years, to break the bottleneck of traditional tourism, which is **白天看景、晚上无戏** (bái tiān kàn jǐng, wǎn shang wú xì - "see scenery during the day, no show at night," lacking nighttime entertainment), Qingdao (青岛) has continued to increase the application and promotion of technologies such as holographic presentation and digital twins. "Searching for the Canghai Dream" (寻梦沧海), created by Qingdao Tourism Group (青岛旅游集团), is a vivid example of the local coordinated layout of digital cultural tourism and the creation of new consumption scenarios.
"To let the audience 'experience' a voyage, and not just 'watch' it. We hope to 'pull' people into the play," said Sun Tian (孙恬), Deputy General Manager of Qingdao Tourism Group (青岛旅游集团) Cultural Performance Co., Ltd. After repeated polishing, this multimodal immersive system is now in its 2.0 version this year, with a stronger sense of experience.
A 270-degree环形巨幕 surrounds the audience; a panoramic sound system simulates the auditory experience of the deep sea, and directional sound beams allow the sound to precisely "brush past the ears"; multi-degree-of-freedom dynamic seats simulate bumps and undulations with the plot; and agile mechanical jellyfish hover and swim above the audience's heads...
"Before, when I came to Qingdao (青岛), I just simply looked at the sea. This time, a grand Canghai (沧海) drama allowed me to collect an unforgettable memory, and I plan to stay in Qingdao (青岛) for a few more days," said Liu Yukun (刘钰坤).
Technology blossoms, but culture is the root.
"In Qingdao (青岛), marine culture is deeply integrated into the city's bloodline," said Sun Tian (孙恬). In the early stages of preparation, the team watched many performance projects, not lacking large-scale productions, but the themes were somewhat similar. "To create a unique cultural product, we must deeply cultivate the local area and deepen and solidify marine culture."
The 65-minute performance uses navigation as a link, stringing together cultural sites such as Jiaozhou Sanlihe (胶州三里河), Langyatai (琅琊台), and Banqiao Town (板桥镇), vividly interpreting Qingdao's (青岛) urban characteristics of being born from the sea and prospering towards the sea.
Since its premiere in February 2024, "Searching for the Canghai Dream" (寻梦沧海) has accumulated more than 1,000 performances, receiving more than 360,000 viewers. "We added 7 performances during this year's 'May Day' holiday," said Sun Tian (孙恬).
Following the "breakout" of "Searching for the Canghai Dream" (寻梦沧海), the virtual reality performance "The Legend of Xu Fu" (徐福传奇) has also been newly launched, relying on technologies such as virtual real-person co-performance and环幕 projection to create a virtual and real co-existing navigation fantasy, enriching the cultural tourism experience.
Cultural support, technological empowerment, and policy leadership. Here, Qingdao's (青岛) Deep Sea Adventure Virtual Reality Immersive Exhibition and other digital cultural tourism projects with marine characteristics are being updated one after another.
"We will continue to cultivate immersive new spaces, create new consumption scenarios, make marine culture perceptible, observable, and experienceable, and continue to release new vitality for the integration of culture and tourism," said Qin Dan (秦丹), Deputy Director of the Resource Development Department of the Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Culture and Tourism (青岛市文化和旅游局). In the first quarter of 2026, Qingdao (青岛) received 478,000 marine tourism tourists, achieving an income of 30,418,300 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 61.13%.
Return to TopThe Beijing (北京) May 8th dispatch in this newspaper (Reporters Liu Shiyao (刘诗瑶) and Shi Lei (石磊)) - The Tianzhou-10 (天舟十号) cargo spacecraft and the Long March-7 Y11 (长征七号遥十一) carrier rocket combination were vertically transferred to the launch area on the 8th. At present, the Wenchang Space Launch Site (文昌航天发射场) facilities and equipment are in good condition. Subsequent work such as various functional checks and joint tests before launch will be carried out according to the plan, and the launch is planned to be implemented in the near future at an opportune time.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on May 8th (Reporter Wu Qiuyu (吴秋余)) To encourage and guide financial institutions to further strengthen financial services for technological innovation and large-scale equipment upgrades, the People's Bank of China (中国人民银行), the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), and the Ministry of Finance (财政部) recently jointly issued the "Notice on Expanding the Issuance of Loans for Technological Innovation and Technological Transformation to Further Support Equipment Upgrades."
The notice focuses on important aspects of financial services for technological innovation and equipment upgrades, optimizing policy measures across the entire chain. It expands the scope of support for technological innovation and equipment upgrades, including private small and medium-sized enterprises with high R&D investment levels into the re-lending policy support area, and extends the scope of technical transformation and equipment upgrade loan support to 14 fields such as electronic information, artificial intelligence, facility agriculture, and consumer commercial facilities. It improves the quality and efficiency of loan services, focusing on providing financial services for enterprises to purchase artificial intelligence equipment and software services, and promoting the development of "Artificial Intelligence + Industry." It optimizes the issuance and management of re-lending, improving the efficiency of policy implementation.
The notice adheres to the strategic base point of expanding domestic demand, optimizes the implementation of "two new" policies, innovates technological financial services, gives full play to the incremental policy role of re-lending for technological innovation and technological transformation, strengthens policy coordination, and continuously improves the ability and quality of financial services for small and medium-sized technology enterprises and large-scale equipment upgrades, accelerating the promotion and application of high-end, intelligent, green, and digital equipment in key areas.
Relevant departments will make every effort to promote the implementation of various measures in the notice, strengthen tracking and monitoring and departmental coordination, guide financial resources to accurately and effectively support technological innovation and equipment upgrades, and create a favorable financial service environment for industrial transformation and upgrading.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 田先进
At 4 PM, in the laboratory of the School of Computer Science and Technology at Anhui University (安徽大学), an experiment on brain-computer interface technology is underway. Wang Chang (王畅), a graduate student, wears an electrode cap, and his brainwaves are displayed in real-time on the screen under the conduction of equipment such as the brain-computer intelligent base. "How is the signal stability?" Professor Fan Cunhang (范存航) records data while communicating with the student.
Fan Cunhang (范存航), 35 years old this year, is an important member of the school's brain-computer interface research team. "The future of brain-computer interface technology is limitless." In the past two years, Fan Cunhang (范存航) and his team have shifted their research and development focus to practical applications. "At the end of last year, the postoperative consciousness detection system we developed was launched for clinical testing in a hospital in the province, bringing new changes to clinical postoperative monitoring."
"For a period of time after patients undergo general anesthesia surgery, family members and nurses must pay close attention to the patient to prevent them from falling asleep and avoid accidents," Fan Cunhang (范存航) explained. In response to this scenario, the team introduced brain-computer interface technology, giving patients headphones and playing different audios in the left and right ears to guide them to pay attention to the sound of a specific ear. "The system can determine whether the patient is awake through brainwaves, and if it detects a tendency to fall asleep, it will immediately issue an alarm. If this technology is widely used, the pressure on family members to accompany and care for patients can be reduced."
The principle of brain-computer interface technology is to create a connection pathway between the brain of a person or animal and an external device. The key is to record and interpret brain signals to achieve information exchange between the brain and the device. The research team at Anhui University (安徽大学) has been deeply involved in this field for many years, focusing on non-invasive and micro-invasive technologies. "Instead of implanting electrodes into the human body through craniotomy, brain electrical signals are collected through electrode caps and microneedle electrodes," Fan Cunhang (范存航) explained.
Brain electrical signals are very weak and need to be captured by a special "amplifier." Previously, equipment was purchased from abroad, which was expensive and subject to restrictions.
The team worked diligently to overcome the challenges. Teachers from the School of Electronic Information Engineering and the School of Integrated Circuits were responsible for material selection and chip research and development, designing hardware prototypes. Fan Cunhang (范存航) was responsible for detecting the quality of brain electrical signals extracted by these devices from the software end, helping to update and improve them. After multiple rounds of iteration, the team developed a domestically produced brain-computer intelligent base, which significantly reduced the volume, significantly reduced the cost, and made signal acquisition stable and reliable.
Obtaining signals is a prerequisite, but it is also necessary to decode brainwaves and know what people are thinking. "This requires a mature decoding algorithm." Fan Cunhang (范存航) recalled that the algorithm model he initially designed had a particularly large number of parameters, which took a lot of time to run, and the results obtained were not necessarily accurate.
"To reduce the number of model parameters, we must also ensure that the accuracy of decoding is not reduced." To this end, Fan Cunhang (范存航) read a large number of documents and discussed with other teachers and students at group meetings. "Once, I accidentally heard teachers from other disciplines introduce practical experience, and I felt 茅塞顿开 (máo sè dùn kāi - "thatch blocked suddenly open," to be suddenly enlightened), and I used this idea to design a decoding algorithm and overcome the problem."
In the research team's laboratory, there is a set of rehabilitation equipment. "This is the first set of equipment we developed - a brain-controlled active rehabilitation system," Fan Cunhang (范存航) said. The team's long-term research and development of brain electrical signal collection and decoding technology are all applied to this set of equipment. "Patients with limited mobility wear electrode caps, and the computer can automatically analyze and interpret brainwaves to drive the operation of rehabilitation equipment, so that patients can move independently to a certain extent."
From a research group of less than 10 people to the formation of a cross-innovation team including talents from computer science, materials science, life sciences and other disciplines, the brain-computer interface research team at Anhui University (安徽大学) has more than 10 core teachers and more than 100 students.
This year, brain-computer interface was written into the "15th Five-Year Plan" and identified as a new economic growth point, which made Fan Cunhang (范存航) feel excited: "I will continue to deeply cultivate the field of brain-computer interface and let more results go from the laboratory to application."
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李嘉宝 彭训文 徐嘉伟
The "2026 World Mayors Dialogue · Xi'an" event was recently held in Xi'an (西安), Shaanxi (陕西) Province. With the theme of "Silk Road Starting Point · Harmony and Coexistence: Science and Technology and Culture Empower High-Quality Urban Development," city mayors and representatives from countries such as Oman, Jordan, Egypt, Iraq, and Tunisia participated. During the event, guests traveled through the ancient city streets, visited production lines, personally experienced the vitality of development, explored development paths in exchanges and dialogues, and gathered consensus and strength for urban interconnection, mutual benefit, and win-win cooperation.
Cultivating Innovation and Activating Urban Momentum
In the Xi'an Olympic Sports Center area of the Xi'an Chanba International Port (西安浐灞国际港), a building shaped like flowing clouds stands on the bank of the Ba River (灞河). This is Xi'an's new landmark—Chang'an Cloud · "Belt and Road" Urban Exhibition and Experience Center (长安云·“一带一路”城市展示体验中心). This urban living room, which integrates science and technology museums, planning halls, and ecological halls, attracted many guests to stop.
"Chang'an Cloud demonstrates Xi'an's strong innovation capabilities and industrial scale. The high degree of integration of technology with the city, nature, and culture is impressive and provides an important reference for the construction of urban public cultural spaces," praised Tania Tapsell, Mayor of Rotorua, New Zealand.
Technology is becoming a shining city card for the ancient capital of Xi'an. From the fully digital monitoring automobile production line to the zero-carbon operation of the smart energy exhibition hall, from a traffic command hall that views the entire region on one screen and manages the entire city on one network to technology companies... the guests walked and watched, feeling Xi'an's innovative achievements in high technology, green development, and other aspects, and marveling at the powerful momentum that technology injects into urban development.
Xiao Qi (肖琦), Deputy Mayor of Xi'an, shared Xi'an's practice of driving urban transformation with new quality productive forces: In terms of industry, relying on scientific and educational advantages to promote the quality and upgrading of traditional industries, and cultivate green new momentum such as high-tech, aviation, photonics, and low-altitude economy; in terms of governance, building a strong urban brain to allow data to run more and the public to run less, achieving active early warning and refined management; in terms of infrastructure, coordinating the digital base and green low-carbon, making the city smarter, safer, and more livable.
At Xi'an Zhixiang Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. (西安知象光电科技有限公司), Nazem Sabah, Chairman of the Jordan Arab International Investment Forum, leaned over to examine a micro-structured light chip and inquired about the mass production of the chip. When he learned that the chip was designed and produced independently by the company, he repeatedly praised it as "very remarkable."
Oman's Muttrah Governorate (马特拉州) is located by the sea and has important ports and tourism resources. After learning about Xi'an's development practices that take into account technology, greening, and people's livelihoods, Abdul Harusi, Deputy Governor of the state, frankly stated that it was "very inspiring for coastal cities."
Moucharaf Youssef, Mayor of Sidon, Lebanon, is concerned about the digital and intelligent empowerment of traditional agriculture, and he hopes to introduce Xi'an's advanced technology and experience in smart agriculture.
"Some cities in Jordan face challenges such as climate change, energy shortages, and agricultural damage. We are thinking about how to promote energy transition and environmentally friendly industrial development," said Jamal Abu Obeid, Chairman of the Municipal Council of Ramtha, Jordan. "China's solar photovoltaic panels and new energy vehicles are exactly the new products we need."
Inheriting Cultural Roots and Illuminating the Path of Development
As the ancient capital of thirteen dynasties and the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, Xi'an has 3,246 immovable cultural relics, and is known as a "natural history museum." In recent years, Xi'an has been using technology to promote the creative transformation of culture and create new "culture + technology + tourism" scenarios.
Listening to the Dongcang Drum Music (东仓鼓乐) performance in the Tang Paradise (大唐芙蓉园) and appreciating the charm of "ancient Chinese symphony"; visiting the Emperor Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Site Museum (秦始皇帝陵博物院) to learn about how digital technology and technological means empower the protection and revitalization of cultural relics; wearing XR (extended reality) headsets to experience the integration and dialogue of Silk Road civilization in the fusion of virtuality and reality... During the event, the guests visited many cultural landmarks in Xi'an and immersed themselves in the new vitality of historical culture in the digital age.
"I had only seen the Terracotta Warriors in documentaries before. Only by being there in person can I truly feel their magnificent momentum and better understand how culture, respect, and tradition build the foundation of civilization," said Hussein Al Lawati, a member of the Oman Consultative Assembly and representative of Muttrah Governorate. "Xi'an made me understand that civilization develops through dialogue and endures through inheritance."
This event was the second time that Shadi Yehia Meishad, Deputy Governor of Beheira Governorate, Egypt, had come to Xi'an. He was deeply impressed by Xi'an's digital culture construction achievements: "Technology has not diluted culture, but has made history more vivid. This approach of revitalizing civilization with digital technology provides a new idea for cities with ancient civilizations."
Ye Niuping (叶牛平), Mayor of Xi'an, shared Xi'an's concept and practice of "building a modern city in the ruins and displaying historical sites in the modern city." He said that protection, inheritance, innovation, and development are compulsory questions for all cities.
"If you want to know where you are going, you must first know where you came from," Tapsell said. Rotorua integrates Maori culture into urban development and public services, and makes traditional culture an important force in attracting tourists by investing in cultural protection projects and building hot spring healing centers. She looks forward to strengthening cooperation with Xi'an in cultural tourism integration and geothermal and other green energy utilization in the future.
"Sulaymaniyah Governorate has more than 2,000 historical sites. I hope to invite Chinese archaeological experts to help us protect and utilize historical heritage, and use modern technologies such as artificial intelligence to explore the stories behind cultural relics," said Goran Rashid Muhammad, Director of the Foreign Affairs Office of the Sulaymaniyah Governorate Government and Special Representative of the Governor. He hopes to learn how to balance the protection of historical context and modern urban development through this trip to Xi'an.
Sharing Governance Experience and Deepening Urban Cooperation
In Geely Automobile's (吉利汽车) Xi'an "Black Light Factory," robotic arms waved precisely and unmanned vehicles shuttled efficiently; in the Xi'an XR Film Industry Base, digital technology restored historical scenes and immersive experiences were shocking... This event moved the dialogue site to the forefront of innovation, allowing guests to see practices in real scenes, understand ideas in dialogues, and feel Chinese governance wisdom in resonance, so as to offer suggestions for deepening pragmatic cooperation between Chinese and foreign cities.
——Sincerely share urban development concepts. In the process of modern urban development, empowering governance with technology, empowering cities with civilization, and empowering people's livelihoods with greening have become a broad consensus among the participating guests. Obeid believes: "The primary goal of using technology is to build a more humane and sustainable city." Meishad also believes: "Digital transformation is a fast path to achieving sustainable development; the future belongs not only to cities that develop quickly, but also to those that understand their own characteristics and make better use of their own characteristics for development."
——Focus on practical cooperation by directly addressing concerns. Xi'an's urban style, which combines profound historical heritage and strong technological innovation vitality, left a deep impression on the guests. In the Command and Dispatch Hall of the Traffic Management Detachment of the Xi'an Public Security Bureau and the Xi'an 12345 Citizen Hotline Service Center, Abdou Baki Maoula, Director of the Municipal Affairs Bureau of the Tozeur Governorate Government of Tunisia, inquired in detail about the specific experience of smart transportation construction and the handling of people's livelihood demands, and expressed his hope to learn from Xi'an's operation and management practices.
At the Geely Automobile Xi'an "Black Light Factory" site, many guests marveled at the advanced level of intelligent production and looked forward to cooperating with Xi'an. Meng Hao (孟浩), Deputy Mayor of Xi'an, combined Xi'an's practice of intelligent transformation and digital transformation and said: "We are willing to share our practical experience in intelligent manufacturing and green transformation to help Silk Road cities jointly cultivate new quality productive forces."
During the event, the participating guests jointly released the "World Mayors Dialogue - Xi'an Consensus on Silk Road Urban Development," establishing cooperation intentions around areas such as civilization inheritance, technology empowerment, green transformation, and cultural exchanges, further enhancing mutual trust.
Ye Niuping said that Xi'an is willing to deepen exchanges and cooperation with cities around the world in the protection of cultural relics, cultural inheritance, and mutual learning of civilizations, so that ancient civilizations can radiate new vitality in the process of urban modernization.
Return to TopBy: 何 炜
Not long ago, at the invitation of Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and President of the People's Republic of China, To Lam (苏林), General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam and President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, paid a state visit to China. The world is currently undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, and this year marks the beginning of China's "15th Five-Year Plan" and the start of a new era of national development for Vietnam. Against this special backdrop, General Secretary and President To Lam's visit holds profound political significance. It not only conveys a clear signal of China and Vietnam deepening strategic mutual trust and jointly seeking development and revitalization but also opens a new chapter in promoting the building of a China-Vietnam community with a shared future of greater strategic significance.
Looking back on this visit, I would like to summarize it with three "firsts": This is General Secretary To Lam's first visit abroad after being re-elected as President of Vietnam, the first time a foreign head of state has visited China's "city of the future," Xiong'an (雄安), and the first time a foreign leader has traveled across six Chinese provinces on a high-speed train for as long as 10 hours during a visit to China. These special arrangements with far-reaching significance are a vivid footnote to the extraordinary nature of China-Vietnam relations. Specifically, there are four highlights that are particularly impressive.
First, as fellow travelers on the same path, China and Vietnam have anchored the "lodestar" of their ideals and beliefs. During the visit, the top leaders of the two parties and countries had long and in-depth exchanges on the overall, strategic, and directional issues of China-Vietnam relations. They reaffirmed the historical mission of the two socialist parties of China and Vietnam to seek happiness for the people, development for the country, and progress for mankind. They emphasized that developing bilateral relations is a common strategic choice for both sides and unanimously agreed to adhere to their unchanged path and unwavering will, jointly safeguard the socialist system and the ruling position of the Communist Party – the greatest common strategic interests. They are determined to demonstrate the correctness of the path they have chosen by resolutely advancing their respective modernization drives, striving to be partners in a community with a shared future for the socialist cause, a community with a shared future for achieving modernization, and a community with a shared future for promoting the building of a human community with a shared future, highlighting the profound political foundation of bilateral relations.
Second, as co-builders of cooperation, China and Vietnam have pressed the "accelerator key" for quality improvement and upgrading. During the visit, the two sides issued a high-quality joint statement, charting a clear path for building a China-Vietnam community with a shared future from a higher dimension. Relevant departments and localities of the two countries signed 32 important cooperation documents, including the highly anticipated strategic infrastructure projects such as the three standard-gauge railways in northern Vietnam, as well as a package of livelihood arrangements focusing on agricultural products, medical and health care, and human resources, and visible achievements in the field of scientific and technological innovation, fully demonstrating the quality of cooperation between the two countries. After years of joint efforts, China and Vietnam have built a cooperative pattern with both land and sea connectivity advantages and a high degree of industrial complementarity. The development strategies of the two countries have never been so integrated, becoming a strong support for promoting their respective sustained development.
Third, as co-creators of public opinion, China and Vietnam have activated the "catalyst" for mutual understanding and affinity. During the visit, the leaders of both sides jointly announced the launch of the "China-Vietnam Tourism Cooperation Year" for 2026-2027, which means that on the basis of the fruitful results achieved in the "China-Vietnam People-to-People Exchange Year" in 2025, people-to-people exchanges between the two countries will take advantage of the momentum and are bound to promote the traditional friendship of "comrades plus brothers" between China and Vietnam to shine with new contemporary brilliance. Next, the two sides will work together to promote the healthy development of the tourism industry and jointly create a number of classic tourist destinations with their own characteristics and loved by each other, becoming a bright calling card for China-Vietnam tourism.
Fourth, as upholders of morality, China and Vietnam have demonstrated a "new style" of responsibility. During the visit, the leaders of both sides exchanged in-depth views on international and regional issues of common concern, emphasizing the need to promote the building of a more just and reasonable global governance system and sending a strong message of adhering to the right path of multilateralism and promoting common development and prosperity. In the face of a complex and volatile external environment, the rock-solid traditional friendship between China and Vietnam and the common sentiment of **天下为公** (tiān xià wéi gōng - "the world is for all," selfless dedication to public service) are even more precious. This will not only inject stability and positive energy into the peace and development of the region and the world but will also surely promote the cause of human peace and progress to always move in a bright direction.
Where the will is, no distance is too far. As like-minded socialist partners, China and Vietnam have always supported each other and worked together on the great journey of national independence, national liberation, and modernization. Standing at a new historical starting point, China is willing to continue to work with Vietnam to stimulate the "strong impetus" of pragmatic cooperation, tighten the "stability valve" for managing differences, refine the grand blueprint drawn by the top leaders of the two parties and countries into a "construction map" for the modernization of the two countries, transform it into a "real-life map" for the construction of a community with a shared future for the two countries, and jointly depict a better tomorrow for China-Vietnam relations.
(The author is the Chinese Ambassador to Vietnam)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 8th (Reporter Shao Yibo (邵艺博)) Politburo Member of the CPC Central Committee and Director of the Office of the Central Foreign Affairs Commission Wang Yi (王毅) held talks in Beijing on the 8th with French President's Diplomatic Advisor Emmanuel Bonne (博纳).
Wang Yi (王毅) stated that the strategic guidance of the two heads of state reflects the high level and special nature of the bilateral relationship. As permanent members of the UN Security Council and independent major countries, China and France bear important responsibilities for maintaining international peace, stability, and development. It is hoped that the French side will adhere to the one-China principle with practical actions. It is hoped that France will promote the EU to establish a correct and rational understanding of China and adopt pragmatic and open economic and trade policies towards China.
Bonne (博纳) stated that the French side adheres to the one-China policy and looks forward to working with China to find constructive solutions to global crises, and is willing to play an active role in promoting EU-China dialogue and cooperation.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 陈尚文
"Development is the 'golden key' to solving global challenges." Bangladesh Prime Minister's Advisor on Finance and Planning Affairs, Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔), recently stated in an exclusive interview with this reporter that the Global Development Initiative aims to establish mutually beneficial partnerships and provide solutions to outstanding problems encountered in global development, "which has important contemporary value and practical significance."
The current international situation is intertwined with turmoil, regional conflicts are recurring, the development deficit continues to widen, and problems such as climate change, the digital divide, and energy security are constantly intensifying. "The overall progress of the global Sustainable Development Goals is slow. We hope to see China continue to play a leading role and build synergy to promote South-South cooperation." Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔) said that the important value of the Global Development Initiative is even more prominent at present - eight key areas of cooperation, including development financing, climate change and green development, and digital-era connectivity, provide a comprehensive framework for countries to promote inclusive and sustainable growth; the Initiative's adherence to development priority and people-centered ideas play an important supporting role in accelerating the implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔) specifically pointed out that "the third high-level meeting of the Global Action for Shared Development Forum held in Beijing (北京) recently was timely and added momentum to the global development cause."
Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔) said that in recent years, relying on China's advanced infrastructure construction technology and experience, some projects of cooperation between the two countries have greatly improved Bangladesh's connectivity. Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔) cited the Padma Bridge (帕德玛大桥) Railway Link project as an example, saying that the full line of the project has opened to traffic, directly benefiting 80 million people, and has become a model of cooperation between the two countries. "These projects have played an important role in improving urban services and reducing logistics costs in Bangladesh, creating a large number of jobs and enhancing development resilience," said Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔).
Bangladesh is one of the countries most affected by climate change in the world, and the urgency and importance of accelerating the energy structure transition are becoming increasingly prominent. Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔) said that several solar and wind power projects invested and constructed by Chinese enterprises have provided support for Bangladesh's energy structure transition. "Bangladesh has set clear goals of renewable energy accounting for 20% of total power generation by 2030 and 30% by 2040. We look forward to further strengthening cooperation with China in the field of renewable energy and jointly moving towards a more resilient and sustainable future," said Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔).
Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔) believes that China has played an important role in promoting digital transformation in Bangladesh. "Chinese enterprises have helped Bangladesh have 5G commercial conditions through network equipment, optical fiber expansion and pilot deployment; in the field of mobile financial services, technical cooperation with China has enhanced our security, operability and transaction processing capabilities; data center and cloud infrastructure investment has improved storage capacity and digital service reliability." In Mashiur Rahman's (提图米尔) view, China takes digital inclusion as an important way to promote development and helps the Global South improve its digital and intelligent level.
Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔) said that China has always been an important partner of Bangladesh. Based on mutual respect, mutual benefit and win-win results, the friendly relations and cooperation in various fields between the two sides are constantly deepening. Bangladesh highly appreciates the important concepts such as the four major global initiatives proposed by China. "We highly value the relations between the two countries and are willing to work with China to jointly safeguard world peace, stability and development and prosperity," said Mashiur Rahman (提图米尔).
Return to TopThe Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson announced on May 8th: At the invitation of President Xi Jinping (习近平), President Emomali Rahmon of Tajikistan will pay a state visit to China from May 11th to 14th.
Return to TopBeijing, May 8th (Reporter Li Xinyi (李欣怡)) – The Foreign Ministry Spokesperson announced on May 8th: At the invitation of Vice President Han Zheng (韩正), Crown Prince Billah of Brunei will pay an official visit to China from May 11th to 15th.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 8th (Reporter). He Wei, Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) met with a multi-party delegation of parliamentarians from the Central American Parliament led by Vice President Donald Calderón (唐纳德·卡尔德隆) at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) on the 8th. The two sides exchanged views on China's relations with Central American countries and exchanges between legislative bodies. He Wei introduced the relevant situation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" Outline to the guests.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on May 8th (Reporter Li Xinyi (李欣怡)) Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Lin Jian (林剑) stated on the 8th that the publication of "The Complete Translation of the Records of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East" and the disclosure of the diary of American Deputy Prosecutor Sutton, who participated in the Tokyo Trial, once again demonstrate that the crimes of Japanese militarist aggression are 罄竹难书 (qìng zhú nán shū - "exhaust bamboo write," too numerous to record) and the evidence is as solid as a mountain.
At the regular press conference that day, a reporter asked: On the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the opening of the Tokyo Trial, "The Complete Translation of the Records of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East" was first released in China. The relevant trial records are the core historical documents of the Tokyo Trial, and completely record the entire trial process of the court for more than two years. The handwritten diary of Sutton, the American Deputy Prosecutor who participated in the Tokyo Trial, was also disclosed for the first time. What is China's comment on this?
Lin Jian (林剑) stated that the Tokyo Trial went through 818 court sessions, 419 witnesses appeared in court, the total number of evidence was 4336, and the English trial records were nearly 50,000 pages, exposing the war crimes committed by Japanese militarism in many Asian countries, determining that Japanese militarism launched a war of aggression, and forever nailing the fascist war criminals to the pillar of shame in human history.
"The publication of the complete translation of the trial records and the disclosure of Sutton's diary once again demonstrate that the crimes of Japanese militarist aggression are 罄竹难书 (qìng zhú nán shū - "exhaust bamboo write," too numerous to record) and the evidence is as solid as a mountain," said Lin Jian (林剑).
Lin Jian (林剑) said that 80 years have passed, but the Japanese right-wing forces have consistently failed to deeply reflect on history, and have tried their best to beautify their crimes of aggression, instilling an incorrect view of history in Japanese society. Some politicians also frequently visit the so-called "Yasukuni Shrine (靖国神社)," which enshrines Class-A war criminals. "This is essentially an attempt to deny the historical conclusion of the Tokyo Trial and challenge the post-war international order."
Return to TopThis newspaper's Shijiazhuang (石家庄) dispatch on May 8th (Reporters: Wei He (魏贺), Shao Yuzi (邵玉姿)) On May 8th, the "People First - The Mission and Responsibility of Political Parties" China-Foreign Political Parties Thematic Dialogue, co-sponsored by the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央对外联络部) and the Hebei Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共河北省委), was held in Xingtang County (行唐县), Hebei (河北). Tongan Speaker Lord Fakafanua (瓦伊阿) and approximately 180 representatives from political parties, parliaments, and governments from more than 20 countries attended the meeting.
Liu Haixing (刘海星), Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, stated that under the leadership of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), China has achieved a complete victory in poverty alleviation, making a significant contribution to the global poverty reduction cause. On the new journey, the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) will adhere to the people-centered development philosophy, comprehensively promote Chinese-style modernization with high-quality development, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning with political parties from various countries, and be a builder, defender, guardian, and escort for the people's happiness.
The foreign guests attending the meeting highly praised the CPC Central Committee (中共中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平同志) at its core for adhering to the principle of 人民至上 (rén mín zhì shàng - "people first," prioritizing the people's interests above all else), and for leading the Chinese people in achieving great achievements in promoting poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. They expressed their willingness to deepen exchanges with China on the experience of governing the party and the country, and to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Tashkent, May 8th (Xinhua) From May 5th to 8th, Yang Wanming (杨万明), President of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries, led a delegation to Uzbekistan at the invitation of the Uzbek side. He met with Sodiq Safoyev (萨法耶夫), First Deputy Chairman of the Senate of the Oliy Majlis of Uzbekistan and Head of the Uzbekistan-China Friendship Group; Rustam Saliyev (萨利耶夫), Chairman of the Committee on Interethnic Relations and Friendly Ties with Foreign Countries under the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan; Abidov (阿比多夫), Chairman of the Association of Twin Cities of Uzbekistan; Kabul Sabirov (萨比罗夫), Director of the SCO Center for Public Diplomacy in Uzbekistan; Erkinjon Turdimov (博博耶夫), Governor of Samarkand Region; Botir Zaripov (扎里波夫), Governor of Bukhara Region; Shukhrat Shukhrullaev (舒库鲁拉耶夫), Deputy Governor of Jizzakh Region; Akhmadov (艾哈迈多夫), Deputy Governor of Fergana Region; Dzhamshed Tursunov (图尔苏诺夫), Mayor of Bukhara; Bobonazarov (博博纳扎罗夫), Deputy Mayor of Samarkand; and Kurbanov (库尔班诺夫), Senior Advisor of the Center for Islamic Civilization in Uzbekistan, among others. He also attended and addressed the first "International Friendship Cities Conference" in Uzbekistan.
Both sides expressed their willingness to jointly implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, continuously promote friendly exchanges and pragmatic cooperation in various fields, enrich the connotation of China-Uzbekistan bilateral relations, and contribute to the development of China-Central Asia relations.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 8th (北京新华社). Recently, the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部), the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), the Ministry of Education (教育部), the Ministry of Science and Technology (科技部), the Ministry of Justice (司法部), the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部), the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委), the National Radio and Television Administration (广电总局), the Communist Youth League Central Committee (共青团中央), the All-China Women's Federation (全国妇联), the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles (中国文联), and the China Association for Science and Technology (中国科协) jointly issued a notice to deploy the "Three Services to the Villages" (文化科技卫生“三下乡”) activities for 2026.
The notice emphasized that it is necessary to adhere to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想) as guidance, fully implement Xi Jinping's Thought on Culture (习近平文化思想) and General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on "Three Rural Issues" (关于“三农”工作的重要论述), adhere to socialist core values as the guide, proactively adapt to changes in the rural population structure and farmers' production and lifestyles, continuously improve and innovate organizational methods and activity content, widely mobilize all parties, promote more high-quality cultural, scientific, technological, and health resources directly to the countryside, make the "Three Services to the Villages" activities more closely aligned with rural realities and better meet farmers' expectations, allow the grassroots to truly benefit, and help promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside and accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.
The notice proposed to send cultural arts to the countryside, mobilize and organize cultural service activities in rural areas by literary and artistic groups at all levels, practically support mass cultural and sports activities such as mass singing, instrumental performances, square dancing, "village evenings," and "village songs," and continuously meet the spiritual and cultural needs of farmers. Send legal services to the countryside, carry out normalized rural-themed legal popularization activities, and strengthen the training of rural "legal明白人" ("legal experts") and "rule of law leaders." Send agricultural technology to the countryside, focus on special training to meet the needs of rural industrial development, promote the promotion and production-sales connection of agricultural products, and broaden the channels for farmers to become rich and increase their income. Send scientific knowledge to the countryside, innovatively hold popular science demonstration activities, and create and launch excellent popular science works. Send medical resources to the countryside, organize activities such as free clinic activity weeks and famous doctors going to the grassroots, carry out dispatching and mobile medical services at the township and village levels, and send high-quality medical resources to farmers. Send public welfare services to the countryside, carry out targeted care and assistance actions for rural children, women, the elderly, and other groups, and strengthen public welfare marriage and love services and care for rural marriageable groups.
The notice requires that all regions and relevant departments carefully organize and implement the activities, pay attention to practical results, strengthen typical demonstrations, summarize and promote experiences, and promote the "Three Services to the Villages" activities to be constantly in the countryside and constantly benefit the countryside. It is necessary to establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, strictly implement the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定) and its implementation rules, and not increase the burden on the grassroots.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 杨颜菲 吴 君 苏 滨
The "15th Five-Year Plan" outline proposes to strengthen the popularization of science and technology, cultivate a culture of innovation, and promote the spirit of scientists.
Enhancing the scientific literacy of the whole people and cultivating the soil for scientific and technological innovation are inseparable from the continuous enhancement of grassroots science popularization service capabilities. Jiangxi Ganzhou's "Science Popularization Village Broadcast" allows science popularization knowledge to enter villages and households, Hubei Yichang's "on-demand" appointments achieve precise delivery, Guizhou Qiannan's "cloud classroom" connects remote schools... Many places actively innovate science popularization service models to achieve precise matching of science popularization supply and demand, and continuously consolidate the foundation of the scientific literacy of the whole people.
——Editor
"Science Popularization Village Broadcast," high-quality content directly reaches the countryside
"Look at how neat these seedlings are." In the rice fields, Qiu Changduo, a major grain grower in Wangtian Village, Shashi Town, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou (赣州) City, Jiangxi (江西) Province, parted the tender green seedlings and said, "This broadcast is really useful!" It turned out that the early rice planting this year was about twenty days earlier than in previous years, and he was a little worried about which rice variety to choose. Coincidentally, the "Village Broadcast" specifically launched the "Rural Science Popularization Classroom" to guide farmers on how to choose seeds, which immediately solved Qiu Changduo's problem.
The "Rural Science Popularization Classroom" is an important part of Zhanggong (章贡) District's "Village Broadcast" and a microcosm of the local construction of a rural science popularization service system.
At 9 a.m., Huang Shenglan, who lives in Longbu Village, Shashi (沙石) Town, opened the mobile app and listened to the "Village Broadcast" as usual while doing housework.
"Attention, uncles and aunts, recently there have been scammers disguising themselves as 'health consultants' and making phone calls to carry out fraud. Remember these 3 sentences: don't trust unfamiliar calls, don't buy door-to-door sales, and ask your children before transferring money."
"That's too timely." Huang Shenglan muttered to herself, and then shared the reminder she heard to the whole family group. Huang Shenglan is a loyal listener of the "Village Broadcast." This broadcast was not arranged randomly, but came from her "on-demand" request. There are many elderly people left behind in rural areas. Huang Shenglan reflected the need through the "You Order, I Broadcast" service, hoping to broadcast more knowledge on preventing telecommunications fraud. The demand was transferred to the District Health Commission through the platform, and then the local Rong Media Center produced it into broadcast content and delivered it accurately to the countryside.
In 2025, Zhanggong (章贡) District implemented the "Village Broadcast" cultural revitalization project, creating the "Science Popularization Village Broadcast" model, combining online broadcasting with offline activities, and launching the "You Order, I Broadcast" service. The public can independently order science popularization content through channels such as telephone and WeChat, which improves the accuracy of services.
In the past, science popularization work in the village was like 撒胡椒面 (sǎ hú jiāo miàn - "sprinkling pepper powder," doing things without focus or effectiveness). The agricultural and rural departments distributed technical manuals, and the health departments posted health posters, each doing their own thing. Now, the Zhanggong (章贡) District Party Committee Propaganda Department takes the lead in integrating the resources of 13 departments, including agriculture and rural affairs, health, and justice, and allows the broadcast signal to cover all 54 administrative villages in the district through one district-level digital broadcast control platform. At the same time, it promotes the deep integration of the district-level digital broadcast control platform, the rural broadcasting system digital platform, and the Zhanggong (章贡) Science Popularization Cloud Platform to achieve "scheduled delivery" of science popularization information.
With the broadcast "sounding," the service "sinks" down. Relevant负责人 (fù zé rén - "person in charge") of the Zhanggong (章贡) District Science and Technology Association introduced that Zhanggong (章贡) District adheres to demand orientation, collects the needs of rural people through questionnaires and other methods, and incorporates activities with high calls into the offline list. The area has cumulatively carried out more than 2,000 online and offline science popularization activities, serving more than 120,000 people and solving more than 100 agricultural production technical problems.
"The broadcast sounding is just the starting point. The key is to make the masses understand, learn and use, continuously improve the scientific and cultural literacy of villagers, and promote rural cultural revitalization," said Lin Chaoyang (林朝阳), member of the Standing Committee of the Zhanggong (章贡) District Party Committee and Minister of the Propaganda Department.
Online appointment ordering, more accurate matching of supply and demand of health knowledge
In the conference room of the Yichang (宜昌) City Public Health Center in Hubei (湖北) Province, more than 200 young cadres looked at the podium in unison. On the podium, Yuan Yurong (袁玉荣) pressed the power button of the automated external defibrillator (AED) training machine, and followed the prompt voice with both hands, placing the patches below the right clavicle and outside the left nipple of the dummy respectively, pressing the shock button, and starting to simulate cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
"If someone around you has a sudden cardiac arrest, don't panic. Just follow the instructions of the AED, and you will likely be able to save the person," Yuan Yurong (袁玉荣) said while operating, and many people below the stage picked up their mobile phones to record.
Yuan Yurong (袁玉荣) is the director of the Yichang (宜昌) Emergency Center and is giving a science popularization lecture on the theme of "Standard Operation of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Scientific Use of AED." Since joining the Yichang (宜昌) Health Science Popularization Lecturer Group in 2024, she has carried out more than 30 science popularization lectures of various types and has a deep understanding of the changes in the effect of science popularization.
"In the past, few people attended the lectures, the interaction was poor, and the effect was not good," Yuan Yurong (袁玉荣) said. The reason is the mismatch between the supply and demand of health science popularization. "The unit arranges 'broadcasting' science popularization, which is difficult to talk about in the hearts of the masses."
In April 2025, the effect of science popularization began to change after the health science popularization appointment platform built and operated by the Yichang (宜昌) City Center for Disease Prevention and Control was launched.
"Enterprises and institutions in the city can 'order' through the platform, and we will accept the order in the background, accurately connect with the lecturer, and carry out science popularization lectures on-site," said Hu Huagang (胡华刚), Party Secretary of the Yichang (宜昌) City Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
"Open the 'Yichang (宜昌) CDC' WeChat official account, enter 'Convenience Services', click 'Science Popularization Appointment', fill in the mobile phone number, and you can log in to the appointment platform," Hu Huagang (胡华刚) introduced. The platform divides science popularization into nine categories, including disease prevention and control, health management, and elderly care. Click on one of them to see the profiles, professional fields, and available appointment times of hundreds of experts from the science popularization lecturer group. Fill in the information 3 days in advance to complete the appointment, and the platform can match the expert to provide on-site service.
How to ensure the expert's science popularization level? "After the lecture, the audience can evaluate the expert online, which is directly related to the expert's assessment," Hu Huagang (胡华刚) said. Through the "appointment-implementation-evaluation-optimization" closed-loop management, the expert's science popularization is more interesting, and the public's participation is more active.
In order to make science popularization more efficient, the Yichang (宜昌) City CDC also integrates the similar science popularization needs submitted by the community, determines the theme, and organizes experts to carry out large-scale public lectures. "The health science popularization appointment platform allows professional science popularization knowledge to enter everyone's hearts more smoothly," Hu Huagang (胡华刚) said.
The health science popularization appointment platform has completed more than 30 customized services, serving more than 7,000 people. "Next, we will also absorb more experts in the health field, expand the platform's science popularization scope, and do a good job in online science popularization activities," Hu Huagang (胡华刚) said.
"Cloud" science popularization class connects schools in remote areas
At 4 p.m., the screens in classrooms of many primary and secondary schools simultaneously lit up with live broadcast images. The special lecture of the "Tianyan Classroom" in Qiannan (黔南) Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou (贵州), officially began.
"Everyone look at this photo. This is the Weining (威宁) Experimental Station in Bijie (毕节)." In the screen, Li Fei (李飞), Vice Chairman of the Guizhou (贵州) Provincial Science and Technology Association and Director of the Horticultural Research Institute of the Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences, shared while holding a photo, "Right here, we found that the frost resistance of the 'Qianyu (黔芋) No. 10' potato is 30% stronger than ordinary varieties. This data was not calculated in the laboratory, but was measured by squatting in the snow for 3 nights."
In 2022, Qiannan (黔南) Prefecture relied on the science popularization resource aggregation advantages formed by the "China Tianyan (中国天眼)" to innovatively create the "Tianyan Classroom" online science popularization platform, promote the sinking of high-quality science popularization resources to the grassroots front line, connect schools in remote areas, and realize customized science popularization services.
"Primary and secondary school students are important service objects. We must build a bridge between high-quality expert resources and science popularization needs," Chen Mei (陈梅), Vice Chairman of the Qiannan (黔南) Prefecture Science and Technology Association, introduced. The Prefecture Science and Technology Association, together with the Prefecture Education Bureau, the Prefecture Science and Technology Bureau, and the Guizhou (贵州) Radio Astronomy Observatory, turned online science popularization into an important supplement to science popularization education, solving problems such as the uneven supply of high-quality science popularization resources and the single channel for disseminating science popularization content.
Not long ago, Li Fei (李飞) received an invitation from the Qiannan (黔南) Prefecture Science and Technology Association to tell primary and secondary school teachers and students the practical story of "planting technology in the soil," share the experience of scientists in agricultural research, and convey the spirit of innovation and serving the country.
"We solicited opinions from primary and secondary school teachers in the prefecture in advance. Everyone felt that potato industry science popularization was very meaningful. This is a characteristic industry in Guizhou (贵州), and students also love to eat it. They should know how it is planted and how it grows." For the theme of each science popularization, Chen Mei (陈梅) pays attention to collecting the opinions of teachers and students, and even lets everyone "order" so that abstract knowledge becomes more perceptible, playable, and usable through precise connection with experts and scholars.
During the live broadcast interaction, Chen Yanting (陈彦廷), a fifth-grade student at the Sixth Complete Primary School in Duyun (都匀) City, Qiannan (黔南) Prefecture, raised his hand and asked, "Teacher, why do you study potatoes?"
"Because our Guizhou (贵州) is suitable for growing potatoes, and many farmers rely on it to eat." Li Fei (李飞) replied that cultivating one more good variety can allow farmers to harvest more, which is the meaning of doing scientific research. Science is not just a formula in the laboratory, but also crops grown in the fields and smiles on the faces of farmers.
At 5:30 p.m., the one-and-a-half-hour lecture was coming to an end, and Li Fei (李飞) bowed deeply to the camera. This science popularization activity attracted thousands of teachers and students to watch online.
The Qiannan (黔南) Prefecture "Tianyan Classroom" has held a total of 20 sessions and was rated as the best science and technology volunteer service project by the China Association for Science and Technology. "We will continue to invite more experts and scholars in various fields to carry out diverse and rich science popularization education activities and make the 'cloud' science popularization class better," Chen Mei (陈梅) said.
This issue is coordinated by: Han Chunyao (韩春瑶)
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on May 8th (Reporter Liu Wenxin (刘温馨)): At approximately 16:43 on May 4th, a particularly serious explosion accident occurred at the Huasheng Fireworks Manufacturing and Fireworks Display Co., Ltd. in Liuyang City (浏阳市), Changsha (长沙), Hunan (湖南) Province. As of 12:00 on May 8th, the accident resulted in 37 deaths, 1 person missing, and 51 people receiving medical treatment. In order to earnestly implement the important instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), and in accordance with the instructions of Premier Li Qiang (李强) and other central leaders, and in accordance with relevant national laws and regulations, the State Council has established an accident investigation team, led by the Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部), with the participation of the Ministry of Public Security (公安部), the General Administration of Customs (海关总署), the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局), the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (全国总工会), and the People's Government of Hunan Province (湖南省人民政府) and other relevant parties, to investigate the "5·4" particularly serious explosion accident at the Huasheng Fireworks Manufacturing and Fireworks Display Co., Ltd. in Liuyang City (浏阳市), Changsha (长沙), Hunan (湖南) Province.
On the afternoon of May 8th, the State Council's investigation team for the "5·4" particularly serious explosion accident at the Huasheng Fireworks Manufacturing and Fireworks Display Co., Ltd. in Liuyang City (浏阳市), Changsha (长沙), Hunan (湖南) Province held its first plenary meeting.
Before the meeting began, all comrades present stood in silence to mourn the victims of the "5·4" particularly serious explosion accident at the Huasheng Fireworks Manufacturing and Fireworks Display Co., Ltd. in Liuyang City (浏阳市), Changsha (长沙), Hunan (湖南) Province.
The meeting emphasized that the accident investigation work should earnestly implement the important instructions of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) and the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, in accordance with the principles of "scientific rigor, legal compliance, seeking truth from facts, and emphasizing practical results" and the principle of "four never lets go," to clarify the facts, clarify the problems, and clarify the responsibilities, and to do a good job in the accident investigation with a high sense of political responsibility. At the same time, the meeting required local governments to deeply learn from the lessons, take decisive measures to strengthen the safety supervision of fireworks and firecrackers, 举一反三 (jǔ yī fǎn sān - "raise one know three," draw inferences, learn from one instance), and do a good job in investigating and rectifying hidden dangers in key industries and fields, and resolutely prevent and curb major and particularly serious accidents.
All members of the State Council's accident investigation team and responsible comrades from relevant departments of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the State Supervision Commission attended the meeting.
Return to TopThis newspaper Changsha (长沙) May 8th (Reporters Yan Ke (颜珂) and Yang Xun (杨迅)) At approximately 16:43 on May 4th, an explosion occurred at the Huasheng Fireworks Manufacturing and Display Co., Ltd. in Liuyang City (浏阳市), Changsha (长沙), Hunan (湖南). Reporters learned on May 8th from relevant departments in Hunan Province (湖南省): As of 12:00 on May 8th, the accident resulted in 37 deaths and 1 person missing, with 51 people receiving medical treatment (including 5 in serious condition, with stable vital signs). Currently, the on-site search and rescue work has basically concluded.
After the accident occurred, Changsha (长沙) quickly initiated an emergency response, established the Liuyang "5·4" Accident Handling Task Force (浏阳“5·4”事故处置工作组), and mobilized more than 1,500 people to carry out rescue, disposal, and treatment work. After conducting multiple rounds of carpet-style searches of the site, collecting information on the company's employees, and combining company access control, video data, offline visits, telephone video connections, personnel identification, and multiple rounds of DNA comparison, a comprehensive investigation of the missing persons was conducted. The treatment of the injured, the handling of the aftermath, the investigation of the cause, and the investigation and rectification are being carried out in an orderly manner. The public security organs have summoned 8 people suspected of the crime of major liability accident to the case.
The accident exposed prominent problems such as some localities and units not firmly establishing the concept of safe development and failing to implement safety production responsibilities. On May 5th, Hunan (湖南) convened a provincial safety production work video conference, profoundly learning from the lessons of the accident, quickly carrying out a major investigation and rectification of safety production risks and hidden dangers throughout the province, 举一反三 (jǔ yī fǎn sān - "infer the rest from one case," to learn by analogy and draw inferences), grasping the safety precautions in key industries and fields, and tightening and solidifying safety production responsibilities to prevent and resolve safety risks from the source.
Return to TopIn recent years, Amber Village (琥珀村), Yexi County (岳西县), Anqing City (安庆市), Anhui Province (安徽省), has adhered to using tea as a medium, improving rural cultural tourism supporting facilities, revitalizing idle farmhouses and open spaces, creating boutique homestays, wilderness camping bases, and tea garden sightseeing trails, and promoting the integrated development of tea and tourism. The picture shows the thousand-acre ecological tea garden in Amber Village (琥珀村) full of greenery, with camping bases and homestays scattered among them, and the landscape of mountains and fields complementing each other.
Xiong Fengxia (熊凤霞) photographed (Image China).
This newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 8th (Reporter Jiang Lin (江琳)) The Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央台办), the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), and Fujian Province (福建省), together with relevant departments from 48 central and state organs, convened an inter-ministerial and provincial working conference in Beijing (北京) on the construction of a demonstration zone for integrated development across the Taiwan Strait. The meeting summarized the implementation of the "Opinions of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央) and the State Council (国务院) on Supporting Fujian (福建) in Exploring a New Path for Integrated Development Across the Taiwan Strait and Building a Demonstration Zone for Integrated Development Across the Taiwan Strait," studied the next steps for key tasks, supported Fujian (福建) in taking greater strides in exploring a new path for integrated development across the Taiwan Strait, and promoted the high-quality construction of a demonstration zone for integrated development across the Taiwan Strait.
Song Tao (宋涛), Director of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央台办) and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council (国务院台办), stated that General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on Taiwan-related work and the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee (党中央) have pointed out the direction for supporting Fujian (福建) in exploring a new path for integrated development across the Taiwan Strait and building a demonstration zone for integrated development across the Taiwan Strait, providing fundamental guidelines and action plans. We must fully implement these, strengthen our sense of responsibility, enhance overall coordination, and with a more determined resolve, more pragmatic measures, and more vigorous actions, continuously create a new situation in the construction of the demonstration zone for integrated development across the Taiwan Strait, and make new and greater contributions to promoting the peaceful development of cross-strait relations and advancing the great cause of national reunification.
Zhou Haibing (周海兵), Deputy Director of the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), stated that it is necessary to deeply study and comprehend General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions on the integrated development across the Taiwan Strait, and consciously enhance the sense of mission and urgency in grasping the construction of the demonstration zone for integrated development across the Taiwan Strait. It is necessary to further promote the continuous implementation and refinement of various tasks outlined in the Opinions, support key regional platforms in carrying out pilot projects in accordance with local conditions, promote the achievement of practical progress in the integrated development of key areas, and advance the construction of the demonstration zone for integrated development across the Taiwan Strait to achieve greater results.
Wu Xielin (吴偕林), Member of the Standing Committee and Secretary-General of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee (福建省委), and Wang Yongli (王永礼), Member of the Standing Committee and Executive Vice Governor of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee (福建省委), respectively introduced the progress of relevant work in the construction of the demonstration zone for integrated development across the Taiwan Strait and considerations for the next steps.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者
Since the launch of the learning and education campaign to establish and practice a correct view of performance, all regions, departments, and units have adhered to high-standard planning and high-quality advancement, integrating learning, investigation, and rectification. They have wholeheartedly and diligently worked to solve the urgent needs and concerns of the masses, and have tested the results of the learning and education campaign with practical results that promote development and benefit the people.
Theoretical Armament: Deep Learning and Thorough Understanding
The Hedong District (河东区) of Tianjin (天津) has consistently regarded strengthening theoretical armament as an important task throughout the learning and education process. The Standing Committee of the District Party Committee took the lead in studying "Excerpts from Xi Jinping's (习近平) Discourse on Establishing and Practicing a Correct View of Performance." Party organizations at all levels conducted learning and discussions based on their actual situations. The District Party School also organized trainees to conduct thematic discussions on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, guiding party members and cadres to consciously enhance their Party spirit and improve their ideological awareness.
In order to promote deep learning and internalization, Yiyang City (益阳市), Hunan Province (湖南省), relied on the "Qing Si Xiang" (青思享) learning and exchange activities, focusing on the theoretical improvement and ideological resonance of party members and cadres. They constructed a theoretical learning system that starts with Party schools as models, pilot demonstrations, and full coverage, using popular language and vivid cases to explain theoretical policies in depth and thoroughly. This guides young and middle-aged cadres to establish themselves and start their careers with a correct view of performance, work hard and strive for excellence, and inject strong impetus into the high-quality economic and social development.
Baixiang County (柏乡县) in Xingtai City (邢台市), Hebei Province (河北省), strengthened learning through various forms such as reading classes, theoretical learning center groups, "three meetings and one lesson," and theme party days, promoting the internalization and externalization of the correct view of performance. They implemented classified policies for groups such as mobile party members and retired party members, and flexibly organized learning. At the same time, they made good use of both positive and negative examples, using positive examples to establish value benchmarks and stimulate the power of striving; using negative examples to sound the alarm, draw red lines, and rectify the atmosphere, promoting the achievement of practical results in learning and education.
Investigating Problems: Being Serious and Confrontational
Brainstorming in the office is not as good as finding answers at the grassroots level. Party members and cadres at the city and county levels in Taizhou City (泰州市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省) walked out of their offices and went deep into communities, villages, enterprise workshops, and project sites to find existing deviations in their view of performance, rectifying while investigating and immediately rectifying. In response to the problems and needs raised by the masses, all levels and departments adhered to immediate acceptance and handling, adopting a closed-loop management method of party member acceptance, classified policies, hierarchical consultation, and public announcement of cancellation, promoting problem solving.
Since the launch of the learning and education campaign, Zhucheng City (诸城市), Shandong Province (山东省), has organized county-level leading cadres, town, street, district, and department unit "top leaders" to take the lead in visiting enterprises to inquire about needs, visiting villages to ask for advice, visiting people to inquire about safety, and visiting talents to ask for wisdom. Focusing on key areas such as education, medical care, transportation, employment, and entrepreneurship, they listened to the thoughts and expectations of the masses, understood opinions and suggestions face-to-face, and turned the "list of demands" of the masses into a "task list" for their work.
Songyang County (松阳县) in Lishui City (丽水市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省), promoted the regular visits and investigations by party members and cadres at all levels, truly going to the grassroots, truly listening to the voices of the people, and truly doing practical things. They widely collected the urgent needs and concerns of the masses, closely combining their own problem investigation with doing practical things for the people, discovering problems during visits, resolving contradictions in practical work, and striving to transform the results of learning and education into practical work results.
Applying What You Have Learned: Striving for Practical Results
Xining City (西宁市), Qinghai Province (青海省), focused on the urgent needs and concerns of the masses, deeply promoted the "must respond immediately" work mechanism, and deeply optimized the dispatch rules and responsibility lists through immediate acceptance and handling, time-limited feedback, regular scheduling, and tracking of results, realizing "one-number response, one-stop acceptance, and front-line access" for the demands of the masses. At the same time, it continued to optimize measures such as consultation and judgment of difficult and complex demands and "top leader" leadership meetings, promoting party members and cadres to establish and practice a correct view of performance in the process of responding to public opinion, resolving people's worries, and gathering people's hearts.
Xing'an League (兴安盟) in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) focused on the difficulties of the grassroots and the worries of the masses, solicited problem demands from all leagues' gacha (villages, communities), and allocated special funds for "small-cut handling," doing practical things for the people such as repairing damaged road surfaces, renovating leisure squares, improving lighting facilities, and rectifying environmental sanitation, delivering services to the doorstep and warmth to the heart, and testing the results of learning and education with visible and tangible practical results.
Beihai City (北海市) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西壮族自治区) screened areas where mass demands were concentrated from the "grid + hotline" work orders, identified problems, and solved problems. After discovering problems in rural water conservancy, Beihai City addressed both the symptoms and the root causes, comprehensively investigated and sorted out the problem list, focusing on rural water supply projects and farmland irrigation projects, closely focusing on situations such as substandard project construction quality and untimely handling of problems reported by the masses, carried out the construction and rectification of rural water conservancy projects, and strived to solve the problems of difficult drinking water and difficult irrigation for rural people.
(Reporters Shi Yiqi (史一棋), Yin Xiaoyu (尹晓宇), Liu Junguo (刘军国), Li Jiading (李家鼎), Xiao Jiaxin (肖家鑫), Sun Chao (孙超), Zhao Mengyang (赵梦阳), Zhu Jiaqi (祝佳祺), Zhao Jingfeng (赵景锋), Jiang Meng (江萌) of this newspaper)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 8th. The State Council has appointed and removed national personnel.
He Yong (贺勇) was appointed as Deputy Inspector General of the State Natural Resources (full-time); Chen Dongming (陈东明) was appointed as Director of the Yellow River Conservancy Commission (黄河水利委员会).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李祉瑶
"The old lights were old-fashioned fluorescent lamps, which were not bright enough and had a high flicker frequency, making my eyes tired after a long time." Bao Xuefang (包雪芳), a cadre from the Organization Department of the Xincheng District Committee (新城区委) in Hohhot (呼和浩特), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), recalled her previous office environment with deep impression. Leaky faucets in the restrooms and frequently malfunctioning lights were a common memory for many employees in the Xincheng District (新城区) Party and Government Office Area.
Now, entering the office area, the feeling is completely different—fluorescent lamps have been replaced with LED lights, which are brighter and flicker-free; corridors and restrooms have sensor lights that turn off when people leave; sensor faucets in the restrooms provide stable water flow...
"Now the overall environment has improved, and the equipment runs very stably," said Wang Chao (王超), a cadre from the Xincheng District New Era Civilization Practice Center (新城区新时代文明实践中心).
The Xincheng District (新城区) Party and Government Office Area was built in 2000. Previously, the building had no insulation materials and the infrastructure was aging, resulting in high total energy consumption and extensive energy management. "We tried to replace equipment locally and arrange special personnel to patrol and remind people to save energy, but the effect was not ideal," said He Jia'en (贺嘉恩), director of the Xincheng District (新城区) Government Affairs Service Center (机关事务服务中心). "Replacing equipment is just a 头痛医头 (tóu tòng yī tóu - "treat the head when the head aches," a temporary or stopgap measure that does not address the root cause), it cannot match the overall system, and energy consumption still cannot be reduced. Relying on people to patrol becomes a mere formality over time."
In 2024, the Xincheng District (新城区) Government Affairs Service Center (机关事务服务中心) launched the "Near-Zero Carbon" renovation project, adopting the public institution energy cost trusteeship model, introducing Beijing Xiehe Xinyuan Technology Development Co., Ltd. (北京协合新源科技发展有限公司), which provides energy-saving services, to carry out systematic energy-saving renovation of the office area, successfully achieving a win-win situation of "less government investment, significant reduction in energy consumption, corporate profits, and guaranteed services."
"Public institution energy cost trusteeship, simply put, is that the enterprise pays for the renovation and professional operation, and the government pays according to the agreement to achieve energy saving," explained Hu Jun (胡军), a staff member of the development department of Beijing Xiehe Xinyuan Technology Development Co., Ltd. (北京协合新源科技发展有限公司). The government only needs to pay the enterprise a fixed trusteeship fee every year.
"The fixed trusteeship fee given by the government, minus the actual energy costs and operation and maintenance costs, is the profit of the energy-saving company," said Hu Jun (胡军). "The better the energy-saving effect, the more the enterprise earns, and we will try every means to optimize energy saving."
This model is in line with the government's requirement to "live a tight life" and can also get rid of the previous drawbacks of "emphasizing renovation and neglecting operation." He Jia'en (贺嘉恩) said: "The annual trusteeship fee is lower than the energy expenditure before the renovation. The government only manages energy-saving assessment, which is worry-free and labor-saving, and the effect is more guaranteed and sustainable."
A set of eye-catching "savings accounts" demonstrates the significant effectiveness of the public institution energy cost trusteeship model—
The comprehensive energy-saving rate of the Xincheng District (新城区) Party and Government Office Area reached 70.59%, saving more than 1 million yuan in financial funds annually; the annual power generation of distributed photovoltaic is 1.37 million kilowatt-hours, which can meet more than 80% of the electricity demand of the office area; the introduction of carbon dioxide air source heat pump for heating reduces carbon emissions by 500 tons per year; the comprehensive promotion of LED energy-saving lamps saves 25,000 kilowatt-hours per year... In addition, all energy equipment in the office area is connected to a unified management platform, and the operation and maintenance cost has been reduced by 40%.
Now, the energy consumption data of the office area can be monitored in real time and automatically calculated, which is open and transparent. "We have also formulated assessment rules, and the assessment results are directly linked to the payment of trusteeship fees to ensure service quality and energy-saving effect," said He Jia'en (贺嘉恩).
According to reports, the Xincheng District (新城区) Government Affairs Service Center (机关事务服务中心) plans to promote the public institution energy cost trusteeship model to public institutions such as schools and hospitals throughout the district this year, and will also establish standardized processes and assessment systems for public institution energy cost trusteeship to create replicable and implementable energy-saving experience.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李心萍 刘温馨
This year marks the 65th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Laos. The China-Laos Railway international passenger train, which enables same-day travel from Kunming (昆明), Yunnan (云南) Province, China, to Vientiane (万象), Laos, has also successfully operated for three years.
Since its opening on April 13, 2023, the China-Laos Railway international passenger train has operated more than 3,190 trains, carrying over 800,000 cross-border passengers from more than 120 countries and regions.
Recently, a reporter boarded the "Lancang (澜沧) Express" train to explore how this 1,035-kilometer cross-border railway is reshaping the development of the regions along its route, serving as a golden corridor between China and Laos.
At 10:55 a.m., the "Lancang (澜沧) Express" train slowly departed from Kunming Station (昆明站), marking the beginning of the journey.
Crossing Borders: From Remote and Inaccessible to Convenient Travel
Walking through the carriages, one could see foreign and domestic tour groups, business travelers, and the dozen or so carriages were fully occupied.
"The cross-border train is especially convenient; you can just go whenever you want," said Han Zhiying (韩芝莹), a girl from Shanghai (上海), excitedly showing the reporter her itinerary, which included Kunming (昆明), Pu'er (普洱), Xishuangbanna (西双版纳), Luang Prabang (琅勃拉邦) in Laos, and Vang Vieng (万荣), covering all the popular cities. "I used to think going abroad was very troublesome, but now it's just a matter of sleeping for one night."
Manisa (玛尼莎), from Oudomxay (乌多姆赛省) Province, Laos, is a student studying abroad. Her hometown is located in the northern mountainous region of Laos. "In the past, to study in China, I had to transfer several times and be jostled on winding mountain roads for more than ten hours." Now, the cross-border train passes through her hometown, making the trip from Kunming (昆明) back home comfortable and fast.
As the Lao train conductor of the China-Laos Railway international passenger train, 25-year-old Koumaly (国茉莉) has witnessed the comings and goings of passengers over the past three years. "When it first opened, there weren't many passengers, but now, there are more and more students returning home for vacation and Chinese tour groups going to Laos. I often see familiar faces on the train."
Soulintha (苏琳达), a 32-year-old Lao resident, also deeply feels this, as cross-border travel is transforming from a "luxury" to a "daily necessity." "Every month or two, I take the China-Laos Railway train to Jinghong (景洪) and Mengla (勐腊) in China to play," Soulintha (苏琳达) said, adding that she often runs into relatives and friends on the train.
According to statistics, over 800,000 cross-border passengers have taken this train in the past three years, driving the consumption growth of industries such as scenic spots, hotels, and catering along the route by over 35%. During this year's "May Day" holiday, the China-Laos Railway transported 9,000 cross-border passengers, an increase of 20.9% year-on-year.
The China-Laos Railway has not only brought tourists but also development opportunities. Chinese companies have leased land in Luang Prabang (琅勃拉邦) to grow rubber, employing over 2,000 Lao people and bringing them an average monthly income of over 3,000 RMB per person. Cassava flour is selling well along the railway, driving nearly 50,000 villagers in Luang Prabang (琅勃拉邦) to grow cassava, increasing their average annual income by 8,000 RMB per person.
"Smooth" Customs Clearance: From "Two Inspections in Two Places" to "Two Inspections in One Place"
Is the procedure for crossing the border by train cumbersome? With this question in mind, the reporter conducted an on-site "customs clearance test."
After departing from Kunming (昆明) and passing through Pu'er (普洱) and Xishuangbanna (西双版纳), the train arrived at Mohan Station (磨憨站), the last stop on the Chinese section of the China-Laos Railway, located in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture (西双版纳傣族自治州), Yunnan (云南).
Mohan Station (磨憨站), built against the mountains, connects China on one side and directly connects to Boten Station (磨丁站) in Laos through the China-Laos Railway Friendship Tunnel. The two stations are about 12.5 kilometers apart and connected by a tunnel, implementing "two inspections in two places" for cross-border travel.
After the train came to a stop, the reporter completed the Chinese inspection at Mohan Station (磨憨站) and boarded the train again. After a connection of only about 10 minutes, the train arrived at Boten Station (磨丁站). Getting off the train, swiping the card, and passing through customs was a smooth process.
Even more exciting is that China and Laos are currently working together to promote the "two inspections in one place" policy, which will integrate the Lao entry inspection with the Chinese exit inspection at Mohan Station (磨憨站) in China, and the Chinese entry inspection with the Lao exit inspection at Boten Station (磨丁站) in Laos.
"In the future, when passengers take the China-Laos Railway train to enter and exit the country, they only need to get on and off the train once at the same station to complete the four inspections of the border inspection and customs of China and Laos," said Meng Tao (孟涛), the relevant person in charge of the Mohan Entry-Exit Border Inspection Station (磨憨出入境边防检查站).
Interconnectivity: From "Landlocked Country" to "Land-Linked Country"
As night fell, the train arrived at its final destination: Vientiane (万象).
In the business hall of Vientiane South Station (万象南站), the reporter ran into Zhang Yafeng (张亚峰), the head of Yunzhi Hetong Technology Company (云志合通科技公司). He was holding a newly printed cargo shipping order: "After the rise in oil prices, a container of goods by road costs more than 20,000 yuan, while by rail it only costs 6,000 yuan! These savings are real money."
Zhang Yafeng (张亚峰) told reporters that in the past, the company mainly transported cassava flour, iron ore, and other goods from Laos to China. After the opening of the China-Laos Railway, the volume of cargo shipments has continued to climb, and now the transportation volume is three times what it was three years ago. Recently, the company has also added the transportation of potassium chloride, Chinese medicinal materials, and other businesses.
Not far away, the Vientiane South Station (万象南站) transshipment yard was brightly lit. In the transshipment yard, containers were neatly stacked, and the transshipment operation of standard-gauge and meter-gauge containers was proceeding efficiently.
As the largest railway freight hub in Laos, Vientiane South Station (万象南站) is 7 kilometers away from the Lao-Thai Mekong River border, and it has also become a transit hub for the interconnection of the China-Laos-Thailand railway. Since its opening on July 1, 2022, a total of 29,000 containers and 326,000 tons of goods have been transshipped at Vientiane South Station (万象南站).
A railway connecting north and south has transformed Laos from a "landlocked country" to a "land-linked country." Data shows that the number of China-Laos Railway cross-border freight trains operating daily has increased from 2 at the beginning of its opening to a maximum of 23, and more than 1.5 million tons of cross-border goods were transported in the first quarter of this year.
Logistics Efficiency: From Small Quantities and High Prices to "Durian Freedom"
Many Chinese consumers have found that durian prices have become more affordable this year. Behind this, in addition to abundant production, is also the contribution of the China-Laos Railway "Lancang-Mekong Express" international cold chain train.
The China-Laos Railway "Lancang-Mekong Express" international cold chain train, fully loaded with Thai durians, can reach Kunming (昆明) directly in just 26 hours, and then be transported to more than 30 cities such as Shanghai (上海) and Hangzhou (杭州) within 48 hours via road transport, realizing "on the tree the day before yesterday, on the table today."
To lock in freshness, the "Lancang-Mekong Express" international cold chain train maintains a constant temperature of 13 degrees Celsius and is equipped with smart preservation technology. At the port, fresh products can also be given priority entry, priority inspection, and priority testing.
"We share data with the railway and have opened a green channel for cold chain fresh goods, realizing 'immediate inspection and immediate release' of cargo trains," said Li Jie (李婕), a staff member of the Railway Port Supervision Section of Mengla Customs (勐腊海关). Currently, the customs clearance time for durians and other goods has been reduced from the initial 40 hours to within 5 hours.
Data shows that by 2026, the "Lancang-Mekong Express" international cold chain train will increase from 2 trains per day on a regular basis to 6 trains per day during peak season. As of April 26, the China-Laos Railway has transported a cumulative total of 50,300 tons of imported durians this year, an increase of 94.2% year-on-year. For the whole year, the China-Laos Railway is expected to transport more than 200,000 tons of tropical fruits, an increase of about 20% compared to last year.
Illustration: Wang Zheping (汪哲平)
Return to TopThis newspaper Beijing (北京) May 8th (Reporter Wang Zheng (王政)) - The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部), the Ministry of Commerce (商务部), the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局), and other departments have recently jointly launched the implementation of the national standard series, "Intelligent Grading of Artificial Intelligence Terminals."
It is understood that the "Intelligent Grading of Artificial Intelligence Terminals" national standard series adopts a "2+N" architecture. "2" refers to "Part 1: Reference Framework" and "Part 2: General Requirements." These two standards clarify the concept of intelligence, grade division, and testing methods, serving as the foundation for all category standards. The grading system for terminal intelligence ranges from L1 Response Level, L2 Tool Level, L3 Assistance Level to L4 Collaboration Level, with the level of intelligence increasing sequentially, making the terminals "smarter." Among them, the L4 Collaboration Level will be further clarified and improved in subsequent revisions based on the level of industrial development. After research and testing analysis, the products with a higher user ownership rate are generally at L1 and L2 levels, and some new products can reach L3 level.
"N" refers to the specific standards for different products such as mobile phones, computers, televisions, glasses, automotive cockpits, speakers, and headphones. The first batch of standards includes 7 categories, and the development of other category standards will be promoted subsequently.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) and other relevant departments will ensure the implementation of the standards in the 2026 consumer goods "trade-in" policy, accelerate the formation of a product catalog of artificial intelligence terminals, provide guidance for public consumption decisions, expand the breadth and depth of artificial intelligence applications, and create popular consumption scenarios.
Return to TopThis newspaper Beijing (北京), May 8th (Reporter Qu Zhehan (曲哲涵)) - In order to implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and to promote the universal, inclusive, safe, and high-quality development of preschool education, the Ministry of Finance (财政部) recently allocated 45.8 billion yuan in support of preschool education development funds for 2026, an increase of 12.56 billion yuan over the previous year, a growth of 38%. The focus is on supporting local governments in consolidating and implementing the policy of exempting childcare and education fees for preschool education; addressing shortcomings in inclusive resources, improving the quality of care and education, and consolidating the subsidy system for children from families with financial difficulties and other groups.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the central government has cumulatively arranged 126.2 billion yuan to support the development of preschool education. Starting from the autumn semester of 2025, childcare and education fees for children in public kindergartens one year before school will be waived, and corresponding reductions and exemptions will be given to children of appropriate age in private kindergartens, benefiting more than 14 million children in kindergartens and reducing family education expenditures by more than 20 billion yuan.
In the next step, the Ministry of Finance (财政部) will work with the Ministry of Education (教育部) to guide local governments to give full play to the overall planning role of the province, rationally arrange the central government's subsidy funds and the local subsidy funds that should be borne for the exemption of childcare and education fees, and ensure the normal operation of kindergartens. At the same time, it will further promote the expansion, optimization, and quality improvement of preschool education, accelerate the addressing of shortcomings and weaknesses, and steadily improve the level of kindergarten operation.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 8th (Reporter Jin Xin (金歆)): This reporter learned on the 8th from the Cyberspace Administration of China (国家网信办) that recently, the Cyberspace Administration of China (国家网信办), the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Standardized Application and Innovative Development of Intelligent Agents," aiming to implement the State Council's "Opinions on Deeply Implementing the 'Artificial Intelligence+' Action" and promote the standardized application and innovative development of intelligent agents.
The Implementation Opinions propose that intelligent agents are intelligent systems with autonomous perception, memory, decision-making, interaction, and execution capabilities, and are an important form of artificial intelligence products and services. With the rapid development of new-generation artificial intelligence technologies such as large models, intelligent agents are accelerating their deep integration with cyberspace and the physical world, profoundly changing human production and lifestyles and social governance models.
The Implementation Opinions clarify that the development of intelligent agents should adhere to the basic principles of safety and controllability, standardized order, innovation-driven, and application-led, and proposes four measures: First, consolidate the foundation for development, improve the technology base, and build standard protocols. Second, adhere to the bottom line of safety, clarify product guidelines, prevent security risks, improve the governance system, and strengthen industry self-discipline. Third, strengthen application traction, focusing on scientific research, industrial development, boosting consumption, people's well-being, and social governance, and propose 19 typical application scenarios. Fourth, build an innovation ecosystem, promote industrial cooperation, and strengthen application promotion.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on May 8th (Reporter Wang Zhou (王洲)) On the 8th, the 28th China Beijing International High-Tech Expo opened at the China National Convention Center (国家会议中心). This year's Beijing High-Tech Expo is hosted by the Beijing Municipal People's Government (北京市人民政府) with the theme of "Science and Technology Leading, Creating and Sharing the Future." The total exhibition area is approximately 50,000 square meters, with a duration of 3 days, and more than 800 Chinese and foreign enterprises and institutions participating in the exhibition.
This year's Beijing High-Tech Expo sets up three major sections: exhibitions, trade and investment promotion activities, and online display and docking. Among them, the exhibition has six special exhibition areas: information technology, medicine and health, green dual carbon, intelligent manufacturing, technology finance, and regional innovation, focusing on creating a platform for displaying cutting-edge scientific and technological achievements and promoting practical cooperation in industrial affairs.
Trade and investment promotion activities include more than 20 events such as the Beijing-ASEAN Science and Technology Industry Promotion and Negotiation Conference and the Future Industry Promotion Conference, building a practical and efficient docking channel for all parties in industry, academia, research, and application. Online display and docking will upgrade the online digital platform, build a professional audience database, and provide all-weather and high-efficiency support for the transformation of achievements and the implementation of projects.
During this year's Beijing High-Tech Expo, five events including the China-Europe Dual Carbon Practice Docking Conference, the Emerging Technology and Future Industry Development Conference, and the 2nd Wind, Solar, Hydro and Energy Storage Collaborative Technology Innovation Conference will also be held to help international science and technology industry exchange and cooperation.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch on May 8th (Reporter Liu Zhiqiang (刘志强)) On the 8th, the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) released the "China Business Environment Development Report (2026)." The report unfolds in five parts according to the entire life cycle of an enterprise, from establishment to exit, presenting a panoramic view of China's remarkable achievements in improving the business environment. Focusing on key links, it uses detailed data to introduce the positive progress of business environment construction in 2025. At the same time, it sets up 10 "14th Five-Year Plan" columns to showcase the trend changes and cumulative effects in related fields over the past five years.
The report also focuses on showcasing China's innovative measures to promote the construction of a business environment, focusing on breaking down market access barriers, comprehensively rectifying "involution-style" competition, and standardizing administrative law enforcement involving enterprises. It lists the main laws, regulations, or policy documents promulgated and implemented in 2025, and sets up a local case column to introduce the vivid practices of 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in improving the business environment in accordance with local conditions.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 史自强
In the early morning, in Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), Hebei (河北) Province, on the banks of Baiyangdian Lake (白洋淀), a drone slowly ascended from Lizhuangzi Village (李庄子村), Zhaobeikou Town (赵北口镇), Anxin County (安新县), commencing its daily automated inspection work.
Soon after, Li Qianying (李倩颖), a staff member from the town's Party Building Office, received a warning message on her phone: Unidentified floating objects were discovered on the water surface approximately 150 meters west of the Zhao Zhuangzi Village (赵庄子村) pier. Li Qianying (李倩颖) immediately forwarded the information to Wang He (王贺), the village-level cadre responsible for Zhao Zhuangzi Village (赵庄子村). Before long, feedback was received: The unidentified floating objects on the water surface were confirmed to be cardboard boxes, which had been cleared.
Simple and direct, with timely action, such work scenarios are gradually becoming the daily routine for grassroots cadres in Zhaobeikou Town (赵北口镇).
"The drone's flight inspection covers a radius of 5 kilometers, focusing on the cleanliness of the rural living environment, the traffic conditions of major roads, and ecological protection, among other things," said Xin Hong (辛红), Secretary of the Zhaobeikou Town (赵北口镇) Party Committee. She added that the town is located on the eastern bank of Baiyangdian Lake (白洋淀), and all 13 administrative villages are water-area villages, with a vast water area. In the past, relying solely on human patrols was time-consuming and labor-intensive. Now, with the support of drones, both labor and time costs have been reduced, and the efficiency of inspection and problem-solving has been improved.
It is reported that, relying on digital twin technology, the local area has created a "Digital Dianxiang Spatio-Temporal Integration Platform" (数字淀乡时空一体化平台), which has a rich and diverse range of application scenarios in real life, with drone inspections being one of them.
"The platform utilizes 5G, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (北斗卫星导航系统), the Internet of Things, intelligent sensors, and other technologies to monitor and manage the daily affairs of the town and villages. Since its operation in early 2024, it has explored and formed a digital management system integrating production and operation, affairs governance, and public services," said Ren Baisong (任柏松), the relevant person in charge of Xiong'an Guochuang Center Technology Co., Ltd. (雄安国创中心科技有限公司), the platform's construction party.
"Now, rural tourism in the Dian area is becoming increasingly popular. In 2025, the total number of tourists received will exceed 100,000, which puts forward higher requirements for tourism order and safe production," said Xin Hong (辛红). Currently, more than 500 ships in the town have been equipped with BeiDou (北斗) locators. The basic information, port departure status, and real-time location of the ships can be viewed at any time through the "Digital Dianxiang" (数字淀乡) backend, making tourism safer.
Arriving at the Lizhuangzi Village (李庄子村) pier, some monitoring sensor equipment came into view. "The white equipment pole, about one person tall, next to the bridge is a bridge monitoring instrument connected to the BeiDou (北斗) signal. It collects dangerous parameters such as bridge vibration and displacement through sensors installed on the bridge," Li Qianying (李倩颖) introduced. The bridge monitoring instrument is also equipped with a rain gauge, anemometer, and wind vane. After the information collected by the equipment is transmitted back to the platform, the system can comprehensively monitor the stability of the bridge, the water conditions of the river, and meteorological information.
In addition, the embankments, houses, and even manhole covers in many villages in Zhaobeikou Town (赵北口镇) are also "connected" to the digital platform. How do they function?
"The equipment on the embankment can realize real-time monitoring of high-precision displacement to ensure the safety of the pier slope; house monitoring is to carry out real-time monitoring of deformations with high risks such as house tilting and settlement; and manhole cover monitoring is mainly used to grasp the situation of sewage overflow," said Li Qianying (李倩颖). "Digital Dianxiang" (数字淀乡) makes rural governance more intelligent, forming a more refined, more efficient, and more modern governance model, and the masses have also gained more sense of gain, happiness, and security in the digital development of the countryside.
"Since Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) was selected as a pilot city for large-scale application of BeiDou (北斗) by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部), the construction of 'Digital Dianxiang' (数字淀乡) has expanded the scope of large-scale application of BeiDou (北斗) to the countryside," said Ren Baisong (任柏松). The next step will be to promote the expansion of the drone inspection range, install more BeiDou (北斗) positioning equipment for more ships, and promote the continuous improvement and upgrading of technology, so that "Digital Dianxiang" (数字淀乡) can be promoted on a larger scale.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Nanjing (南京) May 8th dispatch (Reporter Bai Guangdi (白光迪)) On the 8th, the Jiangsu Province (江苏省) Capital Increase and Production Expansion Strategic Emerging Industries Fund was inaugurated in Suzhou Industrial Park (苏州工业园区). The fund has a total scale of 10 billion yuan, jointly funded by the Jiangsu Province (江苏省) Strategic Emerging Industries Mother Fund and 13 prefecture-level cities, focusing on promoting the development of strategic emerging industries and future industries.
The fund focuses on investment in fields such as integrated circuits, biomedicine, new energy, and high-end equipment, to further promote the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation. The fund will adhere to market-oriented, rule-of-law, and professional operations, better leverage the role of patient capital, and support a group of key enterprises with good growth and strong driving force to become bigger and stronger.
In 2025, Jiangsu (江苏) issued the "Implementation Opinions on Supporting High-Quality Enterprises to Increase Capital, Expand Production, Improve Quality and Increase Efficiency," proposing the establishment of a capital increase and production expansion fund; the 2026 Jiangsu Provincial Government Work Report (江苏省政府工作报告) further regarded the capital increase and production expansion of high-quality enterprises as an important starting point for promoting industrial quality improvement and efficiency enhancement. The unveiling of this fund marks the entry of relevant institutional arrangements into a stage of substantive advancement.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 黄晓慧
The "15th Five-Year Plan"纲要 proposes to implement the new energy security strategy in depth, accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy system, and build a strong energy nation.
Thermoelectric technology can reassemble and convert dissipated heat into electricity, providing strong support for a green and low-carbon life. In this issue of "Academicians Talk Science," we invite Academician Chen Lidong (陈立东) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and expert in thermoelectric materials to discuss the scientific charm behind "turning heat into electricity."
——Editor
In a laboratory at the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics (上海硅酸盐研究所) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), several business card-sized gray-black material pieces continuously output electricity with the help of a temperature difference of more than 200 degrees Celsius at both ends. These seemingly inconspicuous "gray pieces" are the thermoelectric materials that Academician Chen Lidong (陈立东), an expert in thermoelectric materials, has been studying for more than 20 years. After research, these materials have been endowed with the magic of "turning heat into electricity," carrying the scientific vision of converting waste heat into clean electricity.
"Globally, more than 60% of the primary energy used by humans is ultimately lost to the environment in the form of waste heat. From the hot flues of steel plants to the exhaust pipes of cars, and even the stoves in our kitchens—as long as there is a heat source with a temperature higher than the environment, there is an untapped 'energy gold mine'," said Chen Lidong (陈立东).
How to efficiently mine the "energy gold mine"? Thermoelectric conversion technology is a highly potential and effective path. A series of breakthroughs made by Academician Chen Lidong's (陈立东) team in thermoelectric materials are making this path clearer and more feasible.
The Key to Thermoelectric Conversion Lies in Materials
What is the thermoelectric effect? Let us return to a scene in the early 19th century: When German physicist Thomas Seebeck placed his finger on a piece of bismuth, the compass in the coil suddenly turned, and the rotation became more obvious when the bismuth block was burned with an alcohol lamp. This is the discovery of the thermoelectric effect. It reveals that when there is a temperature difference between the two ends of a circuit composed of two different conductors, a current will be generated in the circuit—this is the physical basis for thermoelectric material power generation.
"The principle seems simple, but there are great challenges in transforming laboratory phenomena into stable, efficient, and scalable engineering technologies," Chen Lidong (陈立东) introduced. "The main bottleneck lies in the materials. An ideal thermoelectric material needs to play a 'contradictory role': it must be as good at conducting electrons as copper (high electrical conductivity), while also blocking the direct transfer of heat like foam glass (low thermal conductivity), and also generate a large voltage (thermoelectric power). Only in this way can sufficient temperature difference be established and maintained at both ends of the material, so as to continuously output high power. In addition, it must also remain stable at high temperatures, be environmentally friendly, and cost-effective."
Materials that can perfectly meet these stringent conditions are very scarce. A natural mineral called "skutterudite" has attracted attention. Its crystal structure is very special, consisting of cobalt, arsenic, and other elements to form a rigid three-dimensional framework, a cage-like crystal structure, with regularly arranged holes in the middle of the framework, like lanterns or birdcages. "These empty 'cages' open up a broad space for performance regulation for us," Chen Lidong (陈立东) introduced.
In the 1990s, foreign scientists took the lead in trying to fill the "cages" of skutterudite with foreign atoms. The results were encouraging: these filled atoms acted like active "marbles" in the "cages," forming extremely strong scattering of phonons (lattice vibrations) that propagate heat.
"This is equivalent to building an efficient 'phonon scattering network' inside the material," Chen Lidong (陈立东) said. "The original heat transfer in the lattice is like a car speeding on an open highway. Now, the atoms we fill in are like countless randomly appearing and violently vibrating 'speed bumps' and 'roadblocks,' which greatly impede the speed of 'heat flow vehicles,' thereby greatly reducing the lattice thermal conductivity of the material. At the same time, the electrical transmission channel of the material is relatively less affected." In this way, the shortcoming of skutterudite—high thermal conductivity—can be compensated.
These new materials are named "filled skutterudites." Their emergence has opened a new door for thermoelectric material research and has quickly become a cutting-edge hotspot in the field.
Trying Atomic Filling to Find the "Best Recipe"
In 2001, China began systematic research on skutterudite thermoelectric materials. Chen Lidong (陈立东) entered the Shanghai Institute of Ceramics (上海硅酸盐研究所) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), dedicated to developing filled skutterudite and other medium- and high-temperature thermoelectric materials.
"It is certainly important to follow the frontier, but it is more important to know why and to surpass it." Chen Lidong (陈立东) and his team are not only committed to developing new material formulas, but also to deeply exploring the physical mechanisms behind them. In 2005, Chen Lidong (陈立东) and his team revealed the "localized" vibration mode of filled atoms in the skutterudite cage structure and its strong scattering mechanism for heat transfer.
The team tried to use atoms with different characteristics for "filling." From single rare earth elements (such as barium, ytterbium) to alkali metals (such as sodium, potassium), the pace of exploration continues to accelerate. "It's like conducting 'cooking' experiments in the microscopic world," Chen Lidong (陈立东) said. "Different filling atoms are different 'seasonings.' Some atoms are 'large' and have strong vibration amplitudes; some atoms have 'more charges' and interact differently with the cage walls. We need to find the 'best recipe' to make the vibration in the cage reach the most ideal state, so as to achieve the ultimate optimization of thermoelectric performance."
The exploration soon shifted from "single filling" to "co-filling"—by synergistically filling two or three atoms of different sizes and masses into the skutterudite lattice cage, a more complex and efficient phonon scattering spectrum can be generated, reducing the thermal conductivity to near the theoretical limit. In 2011, the team successfully developed a skutterudite material co-filled with multiple elemental atoms, and its thermoelectric figure of merit (a core indicator for measuring thermoelectric performance) reached the international leading level of similar materials at that time, marking that China's research in this material system has entered the world's forefront.
Improved Conversion Efficiency, Towards Broad Applications
Having high-performance bulk materials is only the first step. How to better connect these brittle ceramic material pieces with metal electrodes and assemble them into solid thermoelectric power generation modules that can withstand the harsh tests of high temperature, large temperature difference, and vibration?
Chen Lidong (陈立东) said: "The thermal expansion coefficients of thermoelectric materials and metal electrodes are often very different. In repeated heating and cooling cycles, one 'expands' more and the other 'expands' less, and huge thermal stress will be generated at the interface, eventually leading to cracking, falling off, and device failure at the connection. This is like tightly bonding cement and wood. When exposed to the sun, the wood expands less and the cement expands more, and the joint will inevitably crack."
In order to overcome this problem, the team introduced and developed "spark plasma sintering" technology in 2004, which can apply high temperature and high pressure in just a few minutes to sinter the filled skutterudite powder and the electrode alloy powder of a specific formula into shape at one time. "This process is like 'flash welding,' allowing the two to be tightly combined on an atomic scale," Chen Lidong (陈立东) said.
Since then, the team has carried out a series of systematic and engineering research. For example, "building a gentle slope on a cliff"—by designing multi-layer gradient electrodes, buffering the thermal expansion mismatch between the material and the terminal electrode, and allowing the thermal stress to transition smoothly. At the same time, long-term reliability verification and batch preparation process exploration are carried out to pave the way for future engineering applications.
Over the past 20 years, the team has increased the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric devices from less than 6% to nearly 15%.
What does a conversion efficiency of nearly 15% mean? Chen Lidong (陈立东) gave an example: "Taking a medium-sized truck as an example, the exhaust gas temperature emitted by its engine is as high as 500-600 degrees Celsius. If we use our modules to recover this part of the waste heat to generate electricity, in theory, it can meet the electricity needs of some auxiliary electrical appliances of the vehicle or charge the battery, bringing considerable energy-saving benefits and carbon emission reductions."
At present, a series of new thermoelectric materials such as filled skutterudite are moving from the laboratory to a wider world of applications. Chen Lidong (陈立东) described the scene of thermoelectric technology deeply integrated into production and life: "energy catchers" for industrial waste heat recovery, "green efficiency enhancers" for transportation, "hearts" for deep space exploration, and "close-fitting coolers" for data centers and chips...
"At present, material costs, system integration efficiency, and long-term operation and maintenance costs are all issues that need to be continuously optimized on the road to industrialization." Chen Lidong (陈立东) believes that with the help of artificial intelligence, future research directions will be more diversified, and application scenarios will also be more abundant.
Return to TopBy: 魏 亮
The Cyberspace Administration of China (国家网信办), the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) recently jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on Standardized Application and Innovative Development of Intelligent Agents," clarifying that the development of intelligent agents should adhere to the basic principles of safety and controllability, standardized order, innovation-driven, and application-led.
Recently, some technology companies in China have successively launched self-developed intelligent agents. Why can intelligent agents "break the circle"? It precisely fits the public's expectations for artificial intelligence: evolving from a robot that only chats to an assistant that solves practical problems.
Intelligent agents can independently complete complex tasks, which is key to building a workflow similar to human "perception-thinking-action." Its operating logic is clear and easy to understand: users input instructions through social tools such as WeChat (微信), the system calls the understanding ability of the large model, judges the user's intention, decomposes task steps, and finally converts the instructions into specific operations such as clicking the mouse and reading and writing files. At the same time, intelligent agents can also remember user habits and preferences to achieve a personalized experience of "a thousand people, a thousand faces."
The rapid popularization of intelligent agents benefits from two major external factors: First, as the "brain," artificial intelligence large models are gradually maturing, reaching practical and engineering levels in language understanding and logical reasoning, laying the foundation for intelligent agents to "make autonomous decisions." Second, as the "hands and feet," skill plug-ins continue to enrich, greatly expanding the execution capabilities of intelligent agents.
However, it should also be noted that the new generation of intelligent agents is still in a rapid evolution process, and the underlying architecture is not yet mature and stable, exposing problems such as technical instability and high computing power costs in practice.
For example, when dealing with highly customized and complex tasks, it is prone to understanding deviations and unstable execution, making it difficult to meet the high reliability requirements of enterprises. Running requires consuming more computing power, and the long-term use cost is high.
What needs more attention is the safety issue. Many intelligent agents are lightweight applications, and their design positioning is naturally mismatched with some business scenarios. From its own design, the security protection system is relatively simple. Once given too high operating permissions, it is likely to cause file deletion, information leakage, and other consequences due to improper use or being attacked. From the external impact, many users do not do a good job of security configuration when using it, directly exposing it to the public network, which is very easy to be attacked by hackers. In addition, if the skill plug-ins downloaded from the Internet carry malicious code, installing them may lead to data theft or even remote control of the device.
A "one-person company" with one person plus several intelligent agents can complete the work of a small team in the past, which is one of the most imaginative future scenarios.
It can be said that the most concerned value of intelligent agents is the reshaping of personal productivity. Programmers can use it to assist in writing code and troubleshooting problems; self-media creators can use it to collect materials and edit videos; sales staff can use it to analyze customer information and write business emails. Intelligent agents liberate people from repetitive and tedious tasks and devote more energy to creative design and decision-making.
Intelligent agents are deeply integrated into thousands of industries such as manufacturing, medical care, and information communication. Midea Group (美的公司) has significantly improved production efficiency and scheduling response speed through intelligent agents; Peking University Third Hospital (北京大学第三医院) has launched an intelligent agent for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic diseases, improving the quality of primary care; Beijing Mobile (北京移动) relies on intelligent agents to carry out network operation and maintenance, and the efficiency of troubleshooting has been greatly improved...
This year, "promoting the accelerated promotion of a new generation of intelligent terminals and intelligent agents" was written into the "Government Work Report." In the future, China's intelligent agents will steadily move towards the direction of more reliable technology, deeper industrial integration, and a more open ecology—
At the technical level, a high level of dynamic balance will be found between ease of use and safety. On the one hand, continuously reduce the threshold for development and use, and promote the lightweight of intelligent agents; on the other hand, embed security capabilities into product design to meet compliance requirements in key areas.
At the industrial level, it will become a key engine driving deep industrial innovation. Promote the digital and intelligent transformation of traditional industries, and ultimately promote the industry from efficiency improvement to source innovation, providing lasting impetus for organizational change and productivity leap.
At the ecological level, a comprehensive and sustainable virtuous development system will be formed. Key elements such as intelligent computing clusters, high-quality data sets, and open-source frameworks are constantly improving, making the path from research and development to application smoother. The speed of transformation of technological achievements has been greatly accelerated, and the developer ecosystem will be more prosperous.
From dialogue to execution, from tools to partners, intelligent agents are opening up a new landscape for artificial intelligence applications. Adhering to the concepts of openness, security, and innovation, China's intelligent agents will surely empower industrial upgrading and help high-quality development.
(The author is the Vice President of the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology (中国信息通信研究院), and this report was compiled and organized by Wang Zheng (王政), a reporter from this newspaper)
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency, Los Angeles (谭晶晶), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) recently released a press release stating that in a rock sample collected by the "Curiosity" rover, researchers have discovered the most diverse set of organic molecules detected on Mars to date, including several organic molecules discovered on Mars for the first time. The findings further suggest that ancient Mars possessed the chemical conditions to support the existence of life. The relevant research results have been published in the British journal "Nature Communications."
The rock sample, named "Mary Anning 3," contained 21 carbon-containing molecules, 7 of which were discovered on Mars for the first time. The research team stated that this discovery is an important supplement to the previously discovered largest organic molecule on Mars to date—long-chain hydrocarbons—and further enhances the scientific community's understanding that the ancient Martian environment may have been suitable for life to exist.
Return to TopThis is a report from our Nanjing office (reporter Yao Xueqing (姚雪青)). Recently, the reporter learned from the Purple Mountain Observatory (紫金山天文台) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院): The international collaboration group of China's first dark matter particle detection satellite "Wukong" (悟空) has announced its latest research results, which not only directly confirmed the charge-dependent law of cosmic ray acceleration energy limit for the first time in observation, but also provided key evidence for the existence of a "super particle accelerator" near the Earth. The relevant results were published online in the international academic journal *Nature*.
The "Wukong" (悟空) international collaboration group used the satellite's observation data from the first 9 years in orbit (2016 to 2024) to accurately measure and map the energy spectra of five different cosmic ray particles: protons, helium, carbon, oxygen, and iron. Yuan Qiang (袁强), a member of the satellite science team and a researcher at the Purple Mountain Observatory (紫金山天文台) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), introduced that the research found that the energy spectrum has a "bulge" structure, that is, the acceleration energy has a limit value, and the limit value is determined by the amount of charge carried by the particle. This study, combined with previous observations, shows that there is a "super particle accelerator" in the cosmic space relatively close to the Earth, and the source is likely to be formed by supernova explosion remnants. A shock wave is formed during a supernova explosion, which is a collision and superposition of acoustic energy. Just like when you hit a tennis ball hard with a racket, kinetic energy is transferred, allowing the tennis ball to gain the energy to fly out. At the same time, a strong magnetic field "pulls" the tennis ball back again after each flight, continuing to "be energized," and after repeated energy superposition, it is accelerated to the limit value.
"The next step is to observe more different high-energy particles and conduct in-depth research on other acceleration sources," said Yuan Qiang (袁强). The current research and development of spacecraft is mainly based on the principle of "momentum recoil." If the acceleration mechanism of high-energy particles can be used for reference in the future, "light-speed spacecraft" may become a reality.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王昊男
What Does the Light That Illuminates the World Look Like in the Eyes of Scientists?
"Light is quantized, composed of tiny particles called photons. The number of photons emitted by an ordinary light bulb every second may be more than the number of grains of sand on all the beaches in the world combined," said Yuan Zhiliang (袁之良), chief scientist at the Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences (北京量子信息科学研究院) (hereinafter referred to as "Beijing Quantum Academy").
For such tiny particles, can they be well-trained and synchronized? Yuan Zhiliang's (袁之良) research team has made a major breakthrough in the field of solid-state quantum light sources, successfully developing a high-performance biphoton emitter. The related results were published online in the international academic journal *Nature Materials*.
Quantum light sources are the foundation of quantum technology, but achieving pure and efficient biphoton emission has always been an international challenge. In the past, scientists who wanted to obtain a pair of correlated photons usually used lasers to irradiate nonlinear crystals, occasionally randomly "colliding" a pair of photons.
"This is a purely probabilistic event. Sometimes there are none, and sometimes there may be several pairs, completely out of control," said Yuan Zhiliang (袁之良).
The research team took a different approach, cleverly utilizing the coupling system of quantum dots and microcavities to excite biexciton states through the "dark state" path. Yuan Zhiliang (袁之良) used a vivid analogy for this technology, "It's like building a secret passage for photons, letting them wait and gather behind the door, and then guiding them through the special structure of the microcavity to ensure that each pair of photons can **携手出场** (xié shǒu chū chǎng - "join hands to appear," to appear together in a coordinated manner)."
In the laboratory of the Beijing Quantum Academy (北京量子信息科学研究院), Wu Bang (吴邦), a team member and assistant researcher, carefully took out a silver-gray chip the size of a fingernail. "This is the quantum light source chip we developed. The microcavity has a diameter of only about 2 micrometers," Wu Bang (吴邦) introduced. Experimental data shows that the proportion of photon pairs generated by the light source is as high as 98.3%, and the collection efficiency reaches 29.9%.
What can a pair of "well-trained" photons be used for?
The first is quantum communication. Yuan Zhiliang (袁之良) introduced that these two photons are inherently "entangled." No matter how far apart they are, as long as the state of one of them is measured, the state of the other will be instantly determined. "This is like binding each of them with an 'identity card.' One is responsible for transmitting information, and the other automatically becomes a verification credential, which can build a theoretically un-eavesdroppable secure communication network," said Yuan Zhiliang (袁之良).
In the fields of quantum imaging and precision measurement, this achievement will also play a role. Since the two photons are always generated and move synchronously, scientists can use one as a "probe" and the other as a "reference signal." "In a complex environment, if two people are wearing the same luminous hat, you can easily identify them from the crowd," Wu Bang (吴邦) explained. This characteristic can greatly remove background noise and achieve ultra-high-resolution imaging that breaks through the classical shot noise limit.
"In the future, whether it is quantum communication or quantum computing, connecting nodes into a network cannot be separated from quantum light sources," said Yuan Zhiliang (袁之良). "We will continue to step up research and tackle key problems to promote the real transition of related technologies from the laboratory to practical applications."
Return to TopThis report Shenyang (沈阳) electric (Reporters Hao Yingcan (郝迎灿) and Hu Jingyi (胡婧怡)) Recently, the reporter learned from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (大连化学物理研究所) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院): The institute, in conjunction with the Southern University of Science and Technology (南方科技大学) research team, has made new progress in understanding the spillover effect of heterogeneous catalysis.
The study observed and confirmed for the first time at the atomic scale the bulk oxygen spillover phenomenon controlled by the metal-support interface, clarified the important role of this phenomenon in heterogeneous catalytic reactions, and accordingly proposed a new mechanism of "surface-interface-bulk" synergistic catalysis of metal-support. The relevant results were published in the international academic journal "Nature".
Return to TopThis is a Shenzhen (深圳) report (reporter Jiang Xiaodan (姜晓丹)). In the field of consumer product anti-counterfeiting, preliminary verification by scanning QR codes has become a conventional method. Currently, researchers are committed to pushing identity verification from "external identification" to "intrinsic embedding."
Recently, the team of Zhong Chao (钟超) from the National Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology and the Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院), published research results in the international academic journal *Matter*, officially launching a multi-level information encryption platform (HIDE). The platform integrates programmable amyloid protein nanofibers with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules to construct a nearly transparent micron-scale functional coating, enabling the material surface to have both information hiding and hierarchical verification capabilities, providing a new path for potential information security encryption and high-level anti-counterfeiting.
Return to TopLayout Design: Zhang Danfeng (张丹峰)
Return to TopThe 2025 National Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries were announced. From prehistoric human interaction to the formation of early states, and then to the integration mechanisms of multi-regional civilizations, our understanding of history is constantly being enriched. This is not only a review of China's annual archaeological discoveries, but also an exploration of the more distant, profound, and broader aspects of Chinese civilization.
--Editor
Return to TopBy: 闻 白
The top ten national archaeological new discoveries are not only a review of annual archaeological discoveries, but also an exploration of the more distant, profound, and broad Chinese civilization. Each participating project not only connects the key nodes in the evolution of Chinese civilization, supports the framework of grand narratives such as collision and exchange, radiation and convergence, and diversity and integration, but also adds rich connotations and vivid details to the literature of the historical period, making the story of "Why China" more and more vivid and three-dimensional.
Any archaeological discovery in China during the Paleolithic Age will attract the attention of the international academic community. This time, there were even "four and a half" shortlisted for the final evaluation. Although only one was finally selected, the international, cutting-edge, and forward-looking nature of Chinese Paleolithic archaeology it demonstrated was impressive. The Jilin Eastern Changbai Mountain (长白山) Paleolithic Site Complex was successfully selected for its continuous and complete cultural sequence from 220,000 to 13,000 years ago and its unique obsidian industry. The obsidian raw materials unearthed from the Dadong Site mainly came from the area around Tianchi (天池) in Changbai Mountain, and a small amount can be traced back to the Russian Far East, confirming that the range of ancient human activities had significantly expanded and the ability to obtain resources from a long distance had increased at that time. About 40,000 years ago, Changbai Mountain obsidian had circulated to present-day Shanxi (山西) Province and was widely found in many sites on the Korean Peninsula, proving that a prehistoric obsidian exchange network with Changbai Mountain as its core existed in Northeast Asia.
As the naming place of the Peiligang Culture (裴李岗文化), the Peiligang Site (裴李岗遗址) in Xinzheng (新郑), Henan (河南) Province, holds an important position in Chinese Neolithic archaeology. The three excavations after the discovery of the Peiligang Site in 1977 allowed everyone to see an earlier Neolithic culture than the Yangshao Culture (仰韶文化). After 2018, the Peiligang Site began its second phase of archaeology. After eight years of continuous effort, Late Paleolithic remains from three stages were discovered in the western part of the site, supplementing the Late Paleolithic cultural sequence in the eastern foothills of Song Mountain (嵩山) and east of the Yi River (伊河). Archaeologists also clarified the settlement structure during the Peiligang period. The cemetery area shows that there were at least two levels of social organization within the settlement, forming relatively fixed burial customs, with obvious differentiation and division of labor within, and the society was initially complex. A series of new major discoveries have consolidated the foundational position of the Peiligang Culture, represented by the Peiligang Site, in the Central Plains civilization.
Archaeological sites closely related to the exploration of Chinese civilization have been frequent visitors to the "Top Ten" in recent years. In the view of Chen Xingcan (陈星灿), a researcher at the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (中国社科院考古所), the Zhengjiagou Site (郑家沟遗址) and the Nanzuo Site (南佐遗址) selected this time have added important empirical evidence to the 5,000-year history of Chinese civilization. Around 5,000 years ago, after the "altar, temple, and tomb" of Niuheliang (牛河梁) reached its peak, where did the Hongshan people (红山人群) go? The Zhengjiagou Site in Xuanhua (宣化), Hebei (河北) Province, is the first typical Hongshan Culture remains discovered far from the core area of the Hongshan Culture, pushing the distribution range of the Hongshan Culture from western Liaoning (辽西) to the southwest by more than 300 kilometers on the geographical map, and extending the lower limit of the era to about 4,800 years ago. Standing on the site and looking out, you can "see" those stone tombs distributed in "groups of two or three" or "groups of seven or eight" on the mountain ridges in the Yanghe (洋河), Baihe (白河), and Sanggan River (桑干河) basins.
The Nanzuo Site in Qingyang (庆阳), Gansu (甘肃) Province, is located on the western part of the Dongzhiyuan (董志原) on the left bank of the Pu River (蒲河), a first-level tributary of the Jing River (泾河). After five consecutive years of archaeological work, it has been preliminarily determined that the total area of the site is about 6 million square meters, the main area is about 2.3 million square meters, and the core area is about 300,000 square meters. The settlement is centered on a large rammed-earth courtyard represented by F1, forming an ultra-large settlement with a multi-circle structure. Multiple concentrated and contiguous residential areas are distributed around the core area. The cave-style courtyards revealed on the periphery of the core area of the site are the earliest and most structurally complete single structures seen so far.
The Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties have always been the focus of Chinese field archaeology. The three projects shortlisted for the final evaluation this time respectively point to the late Xia, early Shang, and Western Zhou dynasties, each with its own characteristics and worthy of recollection. The Zhongcun Site (钟村遗址) is located in Xiyang County (昔阳县), Jinzhong City (晋中市), Shanxi Province, and five high-level aristocratic tombs from the late Xia Dynasty were discovered, covering an area of 17 to 46 square meters. Chen Xiaosan (陈小三), a professor at Shanxi University (山西大学), said that this is the first time that aristocratic tombs from the late Xia Dynasty with a scale far larger than those in the Central Plains during the same period have been discovered, providing an important reference for measuring the height of civilization development of the Xia culture and the pre-Shang culture.
The Zhengzhou Shang City Site (郑州商城遗址) in Henan Province is a typical urban site with ancient and modern overlaps, from the Luodamiao type remains of the Xia culture period, the early Shang Dynasty capital, through the Warring States, Qin and Han dynasties, through the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties to the present day. Since its first discovery in 1955, more than 70 years have passed, and this early Shang Dynasty capital has continuously refreshed our understanding of early Shang civilization. This excavation revealed two large-scale storage base complexes for the first time, clarifying that the southwest of the inner city was a functional area of government warehouses that continued to be used during the early Shang period. For the first time, a large-scale urban water network composed of natural rivers and artificial canals was discovered. The artificial open channels and stone retaining facilities found in some canals indicate that the early Shang Dynasty already had mature design and construction capabilities for water conservancy projects. For the first time, handicraft remains such as copper smelting and bone making were discovered in the southeast of the inner city, breaking through the traditional understanding that "handicrafts are only distributed outside the city" and confirming that there was a bronze production model of "smelting and casting integration" in the inner city.
The Changchun Site (长春遗址) in Fuping (富平), Shaanxi (陕西) Province, is a newly discovered large-scale enfeoffment settlement in the Wangji (王畿) area of the Western Zhou Dynasty, filling the gap in the archaeology of Western Zhou enfeoffments in the eastern part of Guanzhong (关中) for a long time. The site is the largest Western Zhou site discovered to date between Fengjing (丰镐) and Luoyi (洛邑), the two capitals. The large cemetery within the site covers an area of about 200,000 square meters, with more than 3,150 tombs explored, with large, medium, and small tombs coexisting. The large tombs are located on high ground and are divided into north and south areas. The four sides of the cemetery area are extremely regular. The scale and regularity of the boundaries are rare in previous Western Zhou cemeteries. In particular, the scale of the residential site corresponding to the cemetery reaches 2 million square meters, and a regular water network composed of "three horizontal and four vertical" 7 large artificial canals was discovered, dividing the residential site into a "multi-grid" settlement layout, which is in the same vein as the layout of the Erlitou period.
Archaeological discoveries are constantly enriching our understanding of Chinese history. From 2019 to 2025, the Shandong Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology (山东省文物考古研究院) and the Qingdao Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and Archaeology (青岛市文物保护考古研究所) continued to carry out archaeological excavations at the Langyatai Site (琅琊台遗址), with a cumulative excavation area of 5,500 square meters, confirming a large-scale national project of "Qin construction and Han repair" composed of a high platform building on the top of the mountain and a courtyard at the foot of the mountain. The bamboo slips of the Yue State capital and the Kuaiji Commandery (会稽郡) of the Han and Six Dynasties in Shaoxing (绍兴), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, have achieved a perfect mutual verification of archaeological objects and written records. The Suyu Kou Porcelain Kiln (苏峪口瓷窑) in Helan (贺兰), Ningxia (宁夏) Province, for the first time revealed the production system of porcelain for the Western Xia court, filling the material gap in the official handicraft industry of Western Xia.
The annual selection of the top ten national archaeological new discoveries has been held since 1990, and this year marks the 36th year. Those selected projects are embedded in China's "archaeological map," like stars, and are also achievements that all archaeologists are very proud of. From prehistoric human interaction to the formation of early states, and then to the integration mechanism of multi-regional civilizations, the accumulation of materials provided by Chinese archaeology is further promoting the deepening of archaeological theoretical paradigms. Theories are constantly being tested, and new discoveries are constantly leading to new topics - this is precisely the academic value of Chinese archaeology.
Return to TopBy: 高 星
There are four Paleolithic archaeological projects shortlisted for the 2025 National Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries. They are the "Jilin Eastern Changbai Mountain (吉林东部长白山) Paleolithic Site Complex," "Hebei Yangyuan (河北阳原) Xinmiao Village (新庙庄) Site," "Guizhou Puding (贵州普定) Chuandong (穿洞) Site," and "Guangxi Fusui (广西扶绥) Jidao (吉到) Late Paleolithic Site Complex." This is a record-breaking achievement. Although only Changbai Mountain (长白山) was ultimately selected as one of the "Top Ten," the significance of the other projects is no less important.
The "Jilin Eastern Changbai Mountain (吉林东部长白山) Paleolithic Site Complex" deservedly made it into the "Top Ten." Its importance lies in establishing the cultural sequence of the Middle and Late Paleolithic periods in Northeast Asia for the first time, and in excavating unique artifacts and remains. The glittering obsidian artifacts are a representative achievement of the project. Various stone tools made from obsidian flakes and microblades are exquisitely crafted and beautifully shaped. Among them, the giant obsidian flake core from the Helong (和龙) Jidi (吉地) Site can be called the "King of Cores," with a remaining height of 53 centimeters. The core retains 14 clear flake scars extending in the same direction. The resulting flakes are large, thin, and sharp, and their size and craftsmanship are rare in the world. The oval stone circle buried at the Helong (和龙) Dadong (大洞) Site should be the remains of a shed structure, which is the first discovery of similar remains in northern China.
The Xinmiao Village (新庙庄) Site in the Nihewan (泥河湾) Basin of Yangyuan (阳原), Hebei (河北), is another shining example of new archaeological achievements. The site complex contains a basically continuous Paleolithic cultural sequence from 120,000 to 10,000 years ago buried in the original strata. Its high-resolution chronological framework, background of environmental changes, and process of cultural inheritance are rare among contemporary Paleolithic sites or regions at home and abroad. Stone artifacts with Mousterian technology and blade technology styles, and microblade products in their nascent state, predate currently known similar remains in East Asia. Complete evidence chains for stoves used to heat-treat stone tool raw materials and exquisite perforated ornaments with geometric lines are rare archaeological discoveries at home and abroad. These artifacts and remains are of great value and groundbreaking significance for exploring hot issues of deep concern to the international academic community, such as the diffusion and survival of Neanderthals in East Asia, the inheritance of the North China small flake technology system and its relationship with blade-microblade remains, the origin and spread of microblade technology, the origin and diffusion of modern humans, and the gestation of Chinese civilization.
The two Paleolithic sites in South China are equally splendid, and are in no way inferior to the selected "Top Ten" projects.
The new excavation results of the Chuandong (穿洞) Site in Puding (普定), Guizhou (贵州), have completely rewritten the academic community's traditional understanding of the site, establishing a cultural sequence extending from nearly 80,000 years ago to 8,000 years ago. The number of polished bone tools from the Paleolithic period unearthed is the largest in the world. The human fossils unearthed at the site convey important genetic information. The earliest human tooth fossils appeared in strata dating back more than 50,000 years, and their morphology belongs to early modern humans, but the genetic information contains protein sequences of Denisovans (丹尼索瓦人) (hereinafter referred to as "Denisovans"). Subsequently, early modern human fossils were unearthed in strata dating from 37,000 to 12,000 years ago. The evidence of continuous evolution is clear, and the genetic information of Denisovans continues to appear. As a representative of "early Homo sapiens" that was once widely distributed in China, the evolutionary relationship between Denisovans and modern humans has attracted much attention from the academic community. Chuandong (穿洞) is the first site to discover that Denisovans retained genetic information on "early modern human" fossils, and that their genetic contribution occurred more than once. This provides more materials and evidence for strengthening the argument of "continuous evolution with hybridization" of ancient East Asian populations.
The Jidao (吉到) Site Complex in Fusui (扶绥), Guangxi (广西), includes 6 closely related sites and is an important place for studying the settlement patterns of the Late Paleolithic period. Among them, Jidao (吉到) Site No. 1 is the focus of work. The archaeological team recovered more than 900 human teeth and bone fossils from disturbed deposits, and uncovered nearly 20 groups of strata in the original deposits. Multiple layers contain human remains dating from 36,000 to 10,000 years ago. The most important discovery at the site is a Late Paleolithic burial site. At least 4 individuals of human fossils, which are centrally distributed, have been uncovered, three of which are clearly from burials with different burial styles, dating from 36,000 to 30,000 years ago. Multiple traces of fire use at different levels were found around the tombs, with clear burnt soil surfaces and ash layers, as well as high-density burnt soil blocks, charcoal particles, burnt bones, and burnt stones, which should be closely related to burial behavior. During the surface cleaning of Guanba (贯岜) Site No. 5, which is not far away, at least 3 tombs were discovered in the original strata, showing the characteristics of secondary burial and flexed burial. The bones were stained with brownish-red ocher powder and dated to around 10,000 years ago.
The Paleolithic Age accounts for 99% of human history, and countless cultural remains are waiting for us to find, excavate, and decipher. When soil erosion, large excavators, and archaeological hand shovels gradually level, destroy, and remove the shallow cultural remains of the earth, most of the ancient remains buried deep in the strata will remain intact. Paleolithic archaeology will persistently make unique contributions to the reconstruction of human history, the construction of evolutionary laws, and the creation of spiritual culture.
(The author is a researcher at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所).)
Return to TopBy: 韩建业
The Nanzuo Site (南佐遗址) in Qingyang (庆阳), Gansu (甘肃) Province, has unearthed several cave dwellings forming a pit-yard complex, and even the palace buildings have a strong pit-yard style. From 5,000 years ago to the present, the pit-yard has been the main way of living for people on the Loess Plateau (陇东黄土大原) in eastern Gansu.
The Dongzhi Plateau (董志原), where the Nanzuo Site (南佐遗址) is located, has an altitude of more than 1,300 meters, an area of more than 900 square kilometers, and a loess depth of up to 500 meters, making it the largest loess plateau. Although the plateau is generally high and flat, it has been washed by rain for thousands of years, and it is also full of ravines. The deep plateau has good conditions for the development of millet agriculture, and agricultural people who planted millet have lived here since the beginning of the Yangshao Culture (仰韶文化).
In 2021, the archaeological excavation of Nanzuo (南佐) was restarted, and we focused on the main hall F1 in the core area and its palace courtyard, and the "Nine Platforms (九台)". What impressed me most were the "semi-pit-yards" inhabited by modern people, most of which were on the edge of the ravines. Courtyards and cave dwellings were dug out from the edge of the ravines. Upward, they could go to the plateau to farm, and downward, they could graze sheep and fetch water on the slopes of the ravines. Some were dug directly down from the plateau surface, which are true pit-yards.
It was not until 2022 that we clearly knew that the ancient Nanzuo (南佐) people lived in cave dwelling pit-yards. In that year, we excavated a group of cave dwelling-style houses north of the core area of the "Nine Platforms (九台)". The ground had raised circular stoves, and the ground and walls were plastered with white ash, similar to the cave dwelling houses excavated at the Yangwa Site (阳坬遗址) in Ning County (宁县), Gansu (甘肃) Province. The unearthed pottery was obviously not as high-grade as that in the palace area, but there were also a small amount of white pottery, white-clothed pottery, etc., which are not found in ordinary residential sites. Since 2023, the archaeological team has excavated three more complete pit-yards outside the "Nine Platforms (九台)" and between the inner and outer moats of the "Nine Platforms (九台)". Each courtyard was first excavated from the ground for several meters, and then cave dwellings with nearly circular planes were dug out around it, and the houses were also decorated with white ash. The courtyard area is between 80 and 270 square meters, and each courtyard has 5 to 8 cave dwelling-style houses. There is a "seepage well" in the middle of the courtyard for concentrating and infiltrating rainwater in the courtyard. These cave dwelling-style houses have fire pits (stoves) inside, which were indeed the living rooms of the Nanzuo (南佐) people at that time.
The building area where these cave dwelling pit-yards are located has many areas, each of which is tens of thousands of square meters, distributed around the outer periphery of the core area, and even distributed between the inner and outer moats of the "Nine Platforms (九台)". The pottery unearthed from the pit-yards is of high grade, and may be the residences of nobles or craftsmen of different levels. Further out, cave dwelling pit-yard buildings with lower-level white ash surfaces were also found, which should be civilian residences.
Interestingly, the 300,000-square-meter core area of the Nanzuo Site (南佐遗址) also has a strong pit-yard style. The terrain of the core area is high on the east and west sides and low in the middle. The middle should have been a shallow ditch leading to the Nanxiao River (南小河), which is like an enlarged version of a "pit-yard". The main hall F1 was built at the northern end of this shallow ditch, and the foundation of F1 is obviously lower than the foundations of the houses on both sides. The shallow ditch south of F1 may have originally had a north-south central axis avenue, with branch roads on both sides leading to the high rammed earth platform. Due to soil erosion, the location of the central axis avenue has now collapsed into a gully. The main hall F1 was originally a rammed earth wall building with a north-south longitudinal length, but the inner side of its rear hall was added with attached walls, and the corners of the walls were specially decorated into rounded corners, which was obviously imitating cave dwelling houses. The Nanzuo (南佐) main hall was built in a low place instead of on a high platform, and it also imitated ordinary cave dwelling-style residences, which seems a bit unconventional and should be a construction model that was once popular on the Loess Plateau (黄土高原). For example, the central courtyard of the Shang Dynasty (商代) Zhaigou Site (寨沟遗址) in Qingjian (清涧), northern Shaanxi (陕北) Province, is sunken and has a pit-yard style.
The cave dwelling pit-yard is likely to be the invention of the Nanzuo (南佐) people 5,000 years ago, because it also belongs to the late Yangshao Culture (仰韶文化), while the earlier Dadiwan settlement (大地湾聚落) was mainly built on the ground with wood-framed mud walls, and the earlier ones were semi-subterranean houses. From the perspective of the Nanzuo (南佐) people at that time, the cave dwelling pit-yard had many advantages. The first is that it saves building materials. Semi-subterranean or wood-framed mud-walled ground houses require a lot of wood, while cave dwelling-style houses hardly require wood. 5,000 years ago was exactly a period of dry and cold climate, and tree resources were already decreasing. Digging cave dwellings to live in can be regarded as the ancient people on the Loess Plateau (黄土高原) adapting to nature. The cave dwelling pit-yard also has the advantages of being warm in winter and cool in summer, and can effectively resist the cold winter. At the same time, the pit-yard is low-key and simple, and is integrated with the Loess Plateau (黄土大原). If it were not for the wisps of smoke rising from the plateau surface, it would be impossible to imagine that people still live below.
The Nanzuo (南佐) people not only created the cave dwelling pit-yard, but also created a multi-layered central axis pattern capital, which pioneered the central axis pattern of later Chinese capitals.
(The author is a professor of the Department of Archeology and Museology, School of History, Renmin University of China (中国人民大学), and one of the persons in charge of the archaeological excavation project of the Nanzuo Site (南佐遗址).)
Return to TopBy: 李龙彬 葛帅坤
The Jizhong Site is located north of Jishan Middle School (稽山中学校) in Yuecheng District (越城区), Shaoxing City (绍兴市). This area was originally the location of the Prefectural School Palace during the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. Since the archaeological excavation in 2024 discovered the first "Shanyin Cheng Yin" (山阴丞印) clay sealing, special attention has been paid to the excavation of bamboo and wooden slips related to clay sealings during the excavation process. Since 2025, more than 1,200 bamboo and wooden slips have been unearthed from multiple ash pits, ash ditches, and wells near the Guiji Commandery (会稽郡) official building. This is the first scientifically excavated commandery-level official document in Zhejiang Province (浙江省). The era of the bamboo and wooden slips is mainly the Two Han and Three Kingdoms periods. The forms include slips, tablets, sealed documents, and tally vouchers. The contents include *Cangjie Pian*, calendars, letters, household registrations, etc. The forms are regular and the characters are clear. At the same time, relics such as clay sealings and inscription bricks with "Guiji Commandery Wall" (会稽郡壁) were unearthed, which accurately coincide with the historical fact that the Guiji Commandery was moved south to Shanyin (山阴) in the fourth year of Yongjian (永建) in the Eastern Han Dynasty, proving that the site was the location of the Guiji Commandery Shanyin County (山阴县) official office during the Han and Six Dynasties.
The Guiji Commandery was established in the 25th year of King Zheng of Qin (秦王政) (222 BC), initially governing Wu County (吴县). In the fourth year of Yongjian (129 AD) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, after the separation of Wu (Commandery) (吴郡) and Guiji (会稽), the governing seat was moved to Shanyin (山阴) (now Shaoxing (绍兴)), governing 14 counties. Currently, the unearthed bamboo and wooden slips have revealed the names of multiple commanderies and counties such as Wu Commandery (吴郡), Guiji (会稽), Shanyin (山阴), and Zhuji (诸暨). As the governing seat of Guiji Commandery, Shanyin County (山阴县) appears most frequently in the bamboo and wooden slips.
Regarding the data on the establishment of basic rural communities below the counties under the jurisdiction of Guiji Commandery, there were basically no unearthed physical records before. The bamboo and wooden slips unearthed from the Jizhong Site show records such as "Shanyin Ancheng Li (山阴安成里), Lecheng Li (乐成里), Dangli Li (当利里), Ping Li (平里), Tong Li (同里), and Lexiang (乐乡)". Li was the basic accounting unit for household registration and corvée. These discoveries fill the gaps in historical materials, indicating that after the central dynasty established Guiji Commandery and established counties, it also established townships and Li, demonstrating a lot of information about local grassroots administrative governance in the Han Dynasty. The "Hepin Second Year (27 BC) July Jin (河平二年（公元前27年）七月尽)" and "Shanyin Shou Bao (山阴守褒)" sealed documents and the "Shanyin Cheng Yin (山阴丞印)" clay sealing from the Western Han Dynasty were unearthed. The "Shou (守)" in "Shanyin Shou Bao (山阴守褒)" means acting, and "Bao (褒)" is a personal name, that is, Bao (褒), the acting county magistrate of Shanyin, which clarifies the location of Shanyin County under the jurisdiction of Guiji Commandery during the Western Han Dynasty.
Bamboo and wooden slips are the most direct physical evidence to restore the Han Dynasty's criminal law system, sentencing standards, and grassroots law enforcement. The punishments recorded on the criminal's sitting crime book unearthed from the Jizhong Site are consistent with the punishments suffered by the criminal figurines unearthed from the outer burial pit of Emperor Wen of Han's Baling (汉文帝霸陵). It also records the judicial crime of "stealing Fu (盗赋)," which refers to officials forcibly demanding property by virtue of their power, which is a crime of corruption by officials.
The calendar is an official practical calendar issued by the imperial court, arranged by month, with a cycle of sixty Jiazi (甲子) stems and branches throughout the year. Calendars from the Han Dynasty were found in multiple ash pits during the Western Han Dynasty. They are documents used by Shanyin County (山阴县), Guiji Commandery (会稽郡), which confirms that the official office followed the central calendar for government affairs, tax accounting, etc., and is direct evidence of the promotion of the commandery and county administrative system and the calendar.
Many household registration bamboo and wooden slips were unearthed, which is a concrete manifestation of the Han Dynasty's system of registering people in Guiji Commandery. The household registration bamboo and wooden slips from the Western Han Dynasty and the household registration slips from the late Eastern Han Dynasty have similarities in content and calligraphy, and are physical evidence of the household registration system used by the Han Dynasty to manage the population of Guiji Commandery and maintain the stability of the grassroots level of the commandery and county.
The bamboo and wooden slips unearthed from the well during the Three Kingdoms period contain information about the internal institutions of the commandery government and officials at all levels, such as "Wenxue Yuan (文学掾), Menxia Yuan (门下掾), Hucao (户曹), Cicao (辞曹), Bingcang Cao (兵仓曹)" and some low-ranking "Shuzu (书佐), Cangsefu (仓啬夫), and Qili (骑吏)". It restores the administrative system and hierarchical structure of the commandery and county in the Han Dynasty, reveals the internal organization and administrative operation details of the official office, and confirms that the central official system was uniformly implemented throughout the country.
The site unearthed the "Cangjie Zuoshu (仓颉作书)" and "Han Jian Tianxia, Hainei Bingce (汉兼天下，海内并厕)" wooden tablets from *Cangjie Pian* (《仓颉篇》). *Cangjie Pian* (《仓颉篇》) was used as an official enlightenment textbook in Guiji Commandery during the Western Han Dynasty for children to enlighten and grassroots officials to improve their political literacy in order to meet the administrative needs of the commandery and county in the Han Dynasty, reflecting cultural unity. It demonstrates the southward transmission of Central Plains Confucianism and literacy education, reflecting the civilization process in the southeastern region under the unified pattern.
The bamboo and wooden slips unearthed from the Jizhong Site involve politics, economy, culture, law, military and other aspects of Guiji Commandery during the Two Han and Three Kingdoms periods. The bamboo and wooden slips range from the second year of Hepin (河平) in the Western Han Dynasty (27 BC) to the fifteenth year of Yongping (永平) (72 AD) and the first year of Jianchu (建初) (76 AD) in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and then to the Three Kingdoms period, which confirms the long-term and stable rule of the central dynasty over Shanyin County (山阴县) in Guiji Commandery. The discovery of these bamboo and wooden slips will provide unprecedented information for the study of the history and culture of Zhejiang Province (浙江省).
(Author's affiliation: Shaoxing Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology (绍兴市文物考古研究所))
Return to TopBy: 韩炳华
The Zhongcun Cemetery (钟村墓地) in Xiyang County (昔阳县), Shanxi (山西) Province, is an extremely important cemetery from the Xia (夏) and Shang (商) dynasties discovered in the eastern part of the Loess Plateau. Five tombs were excavated at the cemetery, and the males in each tomb had scallops tied to their heads. This is the most concentrated group burial with head-tied scallops discovered to date.
Prior to this, scallop-shaped gold and bronze face coverings were unearthed at the Shuyuan Street Cemetery (书院街墓地) of the Zhengzhou Shangdu Site (郑州商都遗址), bronze scallops were unearthed from the Erligang Upper Culture (二里岗上层文化) tombs at the Zhukaigou Site (朱开沟遗址), and bronze scallops were also found at Laoniupo (老牛坡). In addition, head-tied scallop burials have also been found at the Nancheng Village Site (南城村遗址) in Cixian County (磁县), Hebei (河北) Province, the Nanwa Site (南洼遗址) in Dengfeng (登封), Henan (河南) Province, and the Houshicun Site (后石村遗址) in Lüliang (吕梁), Shanxi (山西) Province. If the "scallop" remains in Lüliang (吕梁), Dengfeng (登封), Cixian (磁县), Zhongcun (钟村), and other places are regarded as belonging to the same period, it can be seen that they have a close relationship with the central area of the Central Plains.
Analyzing a cemetery usually starts from several aspects: First, the relationship between the cemetery and the settlement. If the location of the cemetery is related to a large settlement, and the cultural factors of the settlement and the cemetery are the same, then the people in this cemetery have a long-term production and life in this area. From a larger perspective, if this relationship is universally consistent between the central and non-central areas during the Xia (夏) and Shang (商) dynasties, it indicates a long-term penetration process of the central area culture into the non-central areas. The second is the layout of the cemetery. If it presents a conscious and regular layout, and is consistent with the central area of the Central Plains, it implies the existence of a certain consensus. In the cemetery, the shape, scale, and hierarchy of the tombs and the priority identification with the central area constitute an important part of political identification. Similarly, the combination of burial objects also reflects a strong conscious behavior, and if it is consistent with the central area, it can be regarded as a political identification with the central area.
Then there is the issue of special burial objects. Judging from the preference of tomb owners for items such as turquoise, jade, agate, sea shells, and scallops reflected in the Xia (夏) and Shang (商) tombs, this is obviously a long-standing cultural phenomenon and has formed a stable cultural tradition. The value of these items is not more or less important, they are all symbols of luxury goods. Behind the "luxury goods preference" that forms a cultural tradition lies the dual factors of political and national identity.
During the Xia (夏) and Shang (商) dynasties, the content of the jointly followed ritual system, the degree of perfection of the ritual system, and how the grassroots society implemented these ritual systems were all important indicators for measuring the level of social development. The Zhongcun Cemetery (钟村墓地) unearthed guanliu tao jue (管流陶爵, tube-spouted pottery jue), which is different from daily necessities such as pottery jars, and directly carries the ritual system. Guanliu tao jue (管流陶爵, tube-spouted pottery jue) have been found in southern and central Shanxi (山西) Province. At present, among the locations where this type of pottery jue has been found, the farthest from Erlitou (二里头) is the Dadianzi Site (大甸子遗址) in Inner Mongolia (内蒙古). If the common cultural phenomenon behind these ritual objects is defined as political identity, then the political territory of the Xia Dynasty (夏王朝) may have been quite vast at a certain period.
There may not be a blood relationship between the groups using tubular-spouted ritual vessels, but there is a high probability of a blood relationship within the group with head-tied scallops. The former did not appear concentrated in middle and high-level tombs, while the latter appeared concentrated in the Zhongcun Cemetery (钟村墓地). Based on this judgment, the meanings represented by scallops and pottery jue are superficially different, the former is a luxury item, and the latter is a ritual system.
In tombs, sea shells and jade are often found together as ornaments. Scallops tied to the head of the deceased are like sea shells placed on the body as ornaments, representing the existence of bestowed items, and also indicating the existence of a bestowal ritual system. Similarly, scallops, metal scallops, metal face coverings, and jade face coverings all appear as bestowed items, marking the relationship of submission between the bestowed and the bestower.
From this, it can be determined that the Jindong (晋东) area where the owner of the Zhongcun Cemetery (钟村墓地) was located was controlled by the Xia Dynasty (夏王朝). The Jinxi Plateau (晋西高原) area where the tomb with head-tied scallops unearthed from Houshicun (后石村), Lüliang (吕梁) is located, and Cixian County (磁县), Hebei (河北) on the east side of the Taihang Mountains (太行山) are also under the administration of the Xia Dynasty (夏王朝). This range will be much larger than the range of Erlitou Culture (二里头文化) that we have known in the past.
In summary, the group with head-tied scallops were high-level nobles subordinate to the Erlitou (二里头) central regime. The understanding of this ethnic group allows us to see that the Erlitou regime, that is, the Xia Dynasty (夏王朝), has a vast political space, a complex system of national management, and the ability to unite different ethnic groups to form a community.
Return to TopBy: 杜卫东
I stumbled and fell while taking a walk, becoming an uninvited guest in room 3500 of the orthopedic ward.
Fate is truly unpredictable, switching gears without warning. In no time, a retired old man who enjoyed exercising transformed into "bed 36." Like an amateur actor rushed onto the stage, I was thrust into a world dominated by doctors in white coats before I could even understand the script. From morning till night, I strictly followed the nurses' lines: "Bed 36, infusion," "Bed 36, take blood pressure," "Bed 36, take medication," "Bed 36, don't leave the ward; just walk around in the hallway."
Room 3500 was a triple room, with two other patients—bed 37 and bed 38.
Bed 37 was a robust man from the northern frontier, in his early sixties, with a buzz cut, broad shoulders, and a serious, unsmiling expression. But whenever his 8-year-old grandson appeared during visiting hours, his eyes would immediately light up. The little guy looked just like his grandfather. Watching the two of them play on the hospital bed, I truly understood what "generational affection" meant: it was the cycle of time and the relay of love, lacking the strictness of parents and filled with heartfelt tolerance and doting. Afraid of disturbing others, he spoke softly to his grandson, and if the child got a little out of hand, he would make a shushing gesture with his index finger, which seemed a bit out of character for his rugged appearance. However, bed 37 had one flaw: he was a heavy smoker. On my second day in the hospital, the nurse muttered consciously while taking my blood pressure, "Why does it smell like smoke in the ward?" When the head nurse came to check on us, her attitude was clearly not as gentle as the younger nurse's: "Who's smoking? No more smoking, or you'll be discharged immediately." The head nurse naturally knew who it was but didn't call him out, giving bed 37 some face. This was tough on the old guy; when his nicotine cravings came on, he was anxious and restless. When he couldn't take it anymore, he would sneak into the bathroom, open the window, secretly take a few puffs, and then vigorously wave the prepared newspaper to dispel the remaining smoke. I once unintentionally witnessed this scene, and he gave me an embarrassed smile, looking a little ashamed.
Bed 38 was in his thirties, also with a buzz cut, and nearly six feet tall. He had already undergone surgery when I was admitted. Oh, I need to add a detail: because he couldn't take care of himself, bed 38 was granted permission for a family member to provide round-the-clock care. The caregiver was his mother, a rural woman in her fifties, with short hair, a petite stature, dark skin, and a sturdy build, who could effortlessly lift her tall son. If she didn't use the right technique, bed 38 would grimace and complain, "Mom, be gentle, you're hurting me." At this time, his mother would look like a child who had done something wrong, her face full of apology: "Oh, I'll be careful next time."
I had some prejudices against bed 38, for two reasons. One was that he was too talkative. Under normal circumstances, everyone would rest soon after dinner. Then he and his mother would start chatting in their local dialect. I couldn't understand a word of what they were saying, but I could clearly feel the constantly shifting atmosphere—sometimes happy, sometimes calm, sometimes suddenly raising their voices by eight octaves, and occasionally interspersed with laughter from mother or son. I was a little annoyed, wondering how this mother and son could have so much to talk about. Where was the generation gap that everyone talks about? Could it be that once you're in a hospital ward, the pain of illness fades away all identities and differences, leaving only the instinctive concern of two generations, and the words become long and drawn out? What was even more upsetting was that, in between their chats, bed 38 would hum a few tunes as he pleased. I would immediately cover my ears because he was tone-deaf, the kind of person whose singing "costs others money, but hearing him sing costs lives." The second reason was that his bedside lamp stayed on until late at night, around eleven or twelve. Although there were medical curtains between the beds, creating an independent space, they didn't block the light. I have trouble sleeping and am very particular about my sleep environment; even a little light makes it hard for me to fall asleep. I was too embarrassed to say anything, so I could only silently endure it at night.
The conflict erupted the night before my surgery. My left wrist had a comminuted fracture, and after a doctor's diagnosis, it needed to be fixed with a steel plate through surgery. The attending physician, Dan Lei (单磊), was highly skilled and sincere and friendly to his patients. He checked on me in the afternoon, carefully inquired about my physical condition, and then instructed, "Rest early, get a good night's sleep, and prepare for tomorrow's surgery."
So, I went to bed before 8 p.m., secretly praying that bed 38 would turn off the light early.
Time passed, and bed 37 was already snoring softly. Bed 38's "mother-son conversation" had also come to an end, and the ward became quiet and peaceful, but bed 38's bedside lamp was still on. Thinking about the surgery I was going to have tomorrow, I became increasingly anxious. I picked up my phone to check the time, and it was already 10:30 p.m., so I blurted out, "Bed 38, it's getting late, shouldn't you turn off the light?" The ward was very quiet, so quiet it was almost suffocating. No one paid attention to me, but the light was still on. Ten minutes passed, then another ten minutes. The night was deep and silent, but the light was still on, like a piece of unresolved worry that wouldn't burn out, hanging over his bed and making me anxious. I couldn't take it anymore, and when I couldn't bear it any longer, I got up and went to bed 38, and scolded in a low voice, "You're so inconsiderate, didn't you hear what I said? Keeping the light on like this will also affect your own rest!"
Bed 38 had his arm over his forehead and didn't say anything. His mother was sleeping on a simple folding bed, which was very low. When she turned over and sat up, I saw her slightly surprised face. She pointed upwards with her hand and explained in a heavy local accent, "The child is having an infusion, we need to observe him." — Only then did I notice that there was an IV bag hanging on the IV stand.
Bed 38 raised his arm, with an IV needle stuck in the back of his hand. He said somewhat aggrievedly, "If I wasn't having an infusion, I would have turned off the light a long time ago."
I was immediately stunned and apologized repeatedly. In the name of defense, I had raised my shield and attacked an innocent person. I thought I was the victim, but I hadn't considered that the bedside lamp was illuminating another person's difficult night. In life, people tend to be overly sensitive to their own pain while lacking empathy for the situation of others. I wanted the night to protect my sleep, but I didn't realize that the unextinguished light was also protecting bed 38's beacon of hope.
The next day, I was wheeled into the operating room. After the surgery, I was in a daze. The chief surgeon, Dan Lei (单磊), leaned over and approached me, his voice soothing and reassuring: "Bed 36, the surgery was very successful!" I tried to smile, and the weight in my heart gently landed, and my tense nerves relaxed. Suddenly, I thought that bed 38 had a spinal deformity and had been rejected by several local hospitals because the surgery was too risky, and any mistake could lead to paralysis. His surgery lasted 8 hours and was very successful. Now, he was standing up straight and could walk around in the hallway without his mother's help. Putting myself in his shoes, a disaster had been safely overcome, and the heavy burden had finally landed. "Peace" is the most precious joy in the world. Isn't it natural for him to be a little talkative and hum a few tunes from time to time? That's not showing off; it's the joy of regaining life after losing it.
The operating cart pushed me back to room 3500, and my wife asked, "Does it hurt?" I shook my head. Bed 38 smiled with his eyes and mouth: "Once the anesthesia wears off, it will hurt." I thought the atmosphere in the ward would be a little awkward today, but bed 38's concern made the ward as warm as spring. Seeing my wife frowning beside me, bed 38 added, "You're lucky. How many old people fall and their photos end up on the wall? Your husband just broke his wrist. Looking at his condition, who would think he's over 70?"
I was a little surprised that a rural young man who hadn't finished junior high school had such a high level of understanding of life. Although his words were straightforward, they contained the philosophy that misfortune and fortune are interdependent, and happiness and suffering come from the heart. It seems that true understanding doesn't depend on the level of education but rather on the breadth of one's mind.
A few days later, the head nurse announced that beds 36, 37, and 38 would be discharged tomorrow. The next day, my wife came to pick me up. Bed 37 made an even bigger splash, with his wife, daughter, son-in-law, and grandson all coming. He had surgery a few days ago and was able to move freely that day. Only bed 38 received new doctor's orders after the doctor's rounds: to have IV drips for two more days.
It was time to say goodbye. We smiled at each other and said goodbye. Everyone understood that after this farewell, the probability of seeing each other again was almost zero. Thinking about it, there are too many such encounters in life, some sparking light, some creating discord, and some, like a breeze passing by the ear, leaving no trace. In fact, all encounters are just passing through, so there's no need to worry about the ending; the scenery along the way is lush enough. Know that every encounter is a precious gift from the years, and every past experience quietly enriches our lives.
Return to TopBy: 谢安军
The bridge is narrow, just wide enough for two people to stand side-by-side.
The two teams reached the middle and stopped.
They looked at each other, their faces resolute.
Not only thin and dark, but their eyes were also bright.
Someone handed over a military blanket, without a word.
The person opposite took it, their fingers still embedded with mud.
Two hands clasped tightly in the middle of the bridge.
The river below was loud, but what could be heard was the beating of hearts.
Later books wrote: The meeting of the armies.
Printed in lead type, very heavy.
But the weight of that year, that day,
Was half a piece of dry rations, a pair of straw sandals,
A military blanket, a section of leather belt,
Was the trembling of fingers when handing it over.
New people walk at the foot of the snow-capped mountains.
The bridge is still there, the wooden planks have been replaced.
Every spring, small flowers grow in the cracks.
As if some seeds have been sown.
Blooming for so many years,
Becoming more and more dazzling.
By: 刘 石
I checked the various information on my phone this week and found one or two dozen pieces of information about AI (Artificial Intelligence), averaging about three pieces a day.
Regarding the core technology of the AI field, the various large models that are showing a trend of 万箭齐发 (wàn jiàn qí fā - "ten thousand arrows fired simultaneously," a situation where many things are happening at once or many people are speaking at the same time), we hear two different voices in the humanities field. One is, are large models useful? I feel that they are not only far from the level of the Dao, but also their functions at the level of tools are very imperfect. The other is that large models are indeed too amazing and omnipotent, so side effects follow: students don't need to study, and teachers find it difficult to teach. These are two opposite perceptions, but they both play the tune of singing down large models and AI. I think both of these perceptions are worth discussing.
First of all, large models are not that weak. The main reason for thinking they are useless may be that you have not mastered the skills of using them, have not put in the effort of correct training, and have not used the truly powerful large model. We must not lightly judge it as useless. Secondly, large models are indeed not strong enough to kill everything and be the only one, at least they are not smarter than humans. How do I know? Humans can invent them, but they cannot invent humans. Humans will dominate them, not the other way around, unless humans are willing to hand over the right to dominate. Therefore, we must not be intimidated by it.
Recently, among the dense AI information, the most sensational article is titled "The Classroom is Dead." That is to say, with large models, students don't need to study, they rely on large models for everything, and large models have become a lazy person's guide; with large models, teachers can't teach because they can't teach better than large models.
Are large models strong? Why can't students use them, and why is using large models called not loving to study, or even not studying? Are there students who don't love to study? Of course, there were before the era of large models, and this cannot be blamed on large models. Are large models strong? If they are really strong enough to be better than teachers, then teachers should be replaced, why not? So, I offer a constructive idea to those colleagues who are already worried about their jobs: if large models can force us to devote ourselves to improving ourselves, shaping a newer self, and regaining the favor of students, isn't that a good thing?
Instead, the key is how to recognize and handle the relationship between self and AI.
There is a view that AI technology brings knowledge equality between non-professionals and professionals. Here I would like to quote a passage from Li Xiang (李想), the founder of Li Auto (理想汽车). He said that in most fields, the leverage value of top experts using AI is far higher than that of ordinary people using AI. It is a pure dream to expect AI to erase the professional gap. In the non-AI era, the gap between ordinary people and top experts is 100 times, and in the AI era, this gap may expand to 10,000 times. AI and Agent (intelligent agent) will become a magnifying glass, magnifying the gap in professional ability between people for people to see.
Indeed, many people think that with AI, everyone is on the same starting line, and it doesn't matter whether you are professional or not, because AI can help you complete everything. This idea is precisely a dangerous misunderstanding.
For students, AI can help you write, and it can also help others write, so whether you can ask it questions that others can't ask, let it write things that are different from what others let it write, whether you can find its mistakes when it writes wrong, whether you can judge whether it writes well, and whether you can use what it generates to make truly valuable research is very important, and all of these depend on your own professional foundation. For students in the humanities and social sciences, it is especially worth reflecting on what is the core training in our field? It is problem awareness, analytical ability, critical thinking, values, and a true, unique, and profound understanding of human experience. AI cannot give you these things, you can only rely on yourself to read, think, and accumulate page by page, book by book. The same is true for teachers. Suppose you are really a scholar with professional standards, and you are still continuously committed to the continuous improvement of professional standards, and you are also a teacher with thoughts, emotions, warmth, cultivation, and full of taste and personality charm in every smile, how can AI replace you?
Perhaps we can also say that AI is an amplifier, amplifying what you already have. The more solid your profession is, the more you use AI like a tiger with wings, and the longer the leverage of AI in your hands. Without this foundation, AI is just helping you to produce a pile of things that look decent but are actually worthless faster. The key is that even valuable things, because they are not based on your professional foundation, are difficult to internalize in your heart and mind, and integrate into your own knowledge and cultivation.
In short, the ancients said, 工欲善其事，必先利其器 (gōng yù shàn qí shì, bì xiān lì qí qì - "If you want to do a good job, you must first sharpen your tools," to prepare well before undertaking a task). We are very lucky to have caught up with the sharp tool that AI, this era of technological acceleration, has brought us. It is unwise for us not to embrace it and not use it. But please remember that no matter how sharp it is, it is just your tool, not your master. We must first establish the subjectivity of ourselves as "people" before we can talk about other things.
Return to TopThe Chinese painting "Rose" (月季), by Chen Banding (陈半丁), is housed in the Beijing Fine Art Academy (北京画院).
Return to TopBy: 高 钰
In Kang County (康县), Gansu (甘肃), people's mornings are awakened by a bowl of Miancha (面茶, wheat flour tea).
When I was little, I sat by the hearth, watching my grandma put tea leaves, peppercorns, fennel, scallion roots, ginger slices, and salt, one by one, into a small tea canister, then stir in wheat flour mixed with water, and simmer over low heat.
The waiting process always felt long. When Grandma poured the wheat-colored Miancha into a bowl, I would eagerly pick it up. The bowl was still hot, so I switched it between my hands, hurrying to "slurp" a mouthful, not knowing whether it was to soothe a stomach empty all night or to satisfy my craving.
The top layer floated with eggs and chopped green onions, the middle layer suspended with walnut kernels, and the bottom layer was filled with diced tofu and diced potatoes... Squatting on the doorstep, holding the bowl, I slowly scooped from the top layer down, the numbness of the peppercorns first biting my tongue, the crispness of the walnuts then shattering between my teeth, and finally the tenderness of the tofu, sliding down. After drinking, my whole body felt warm, and then I would go to school.
At the time, I didn't think it was anything special; every household was like this. Later, when I went to college in another city, I ate all kinds of steamed buns, fried dough sticks, and soy milk, but it never tasted right. One winter, I was cooking noodles in my rented apartment, and the water was gurgling, and I suddenly froze—that sound was empty; the Kitchen God (灶神) was not at home.
Returning to Kang County (康县), I went to find Aunt Zhang (张大嫂) again; her Miancha shop had never changed locations. She starts the fire at 4 a.m., and people come at 6 a.m.—farmers going to the market, students going to school, and people going to work in the fields. A bowl of Miancha and a steamed bun, and they wipe their mouths and leave after eating. She ladled while laughing, "You little one, you used to squat at the door to drink, and now you come to drink even after you've started working?" I said I couldn't get enough.
This Miancha came down from the Ancient Tea Horse Road (茶马古道). Yuntai (云台) and Danyu (大南峪) in northern Kang County (康县) were places where caravans used to rest. It is said that tea merchants used tea leaves to exchange for flour and salt, and cooked them together in tea water. Grandpa said that the bells of the caravans rang from outside the mountains to inside the mountains, and could ring all night. For hundreds of years, the gurgling sound on the stove has never stopped.
In the fields of Danyu (大南峪), there is a crop of rapeseed and a crop of rice, two harvests a year, and the rapeseed oil that is pressed out is very fragrant. The fried dough residue and scrambled eggs in the Miancha all rely on it. Aunt Zhang (张大嫂) said that her grandmother-in-law's grandmother did it this way. People here don't go to the fields without drinking tea. Miancha is nothing rare, but it has supported generations of people in this place. I grew up and work in Kang County (康县), and my life is connected to the saltiness of a bowl of Miancha.
Now most of the ancient roads are deserted, and the stone slab roads are also polished brightly, but Miancha is still there... The sky is not yet bright, and the tea canister has begun to gurgle again.
Return to TopBy: 甫跃辉
Bookstores or libraries are abundant in Shanghai (上海), where I have lived for many years, but there are fewer in my hometown, Baoshan (保山市), Yunnan Province (云南省). Because there are fewer, I pay more attention to them.
More than a decade ago, I visited Xiaodong Bookstore. The owner of Xiaodong Bookstore, Yang Xiaodong (杨晓东), was a teacher and a civil servant. Later, he resigned and did many things. Opening Xiaodong Bookstore was just a small part of it. I don't remember when I met Teacher Xiaodong, but I remember that after gradually becoming familiar with him, I found that he really loved books. He collected all kinds of new and old books, especially materials about overseas Chinese in Myanmar, local history, and his own writings such as "The Years of the Irrawaddy" and "Past Events of Tengyue," and placed them in a space transformed from a private house with a garden. Among the bookshelves, various plants were fresh green and blooming, full of vitality, as if the books were also breathing. The store also had Baoshan (保山) small-grain coffee, and you could sit in the courtyard, slowly grind it, and slowly drink a cup.
I don't remember which year it was, but I remember that I had dinner with a group of friends, and thinking it was still early and not knowing where to go, I called Xiaodong (晓东) and asked if we could sit in the bookstore. He rushed over from another place, opened the door, entered the house, and the moment the lights came on, it seemed that so many silent books and plants all opened their eyes at the same time.
Later, another bookstore appeared in Baoshan (保山) city—Han Shulou (涵书楼). The owner, Lao Wei (老魏), used to be in the real estate business. Lao Wei (老魏) told me that people often didn't understand how a businessman like him suddenly opened a bookstore that couldn't make money. He said that he was getting old, had experienced too many things, and was used to the ups and downs of life. Now he no longer wanted to make money, but just wanted peace of mind, and what could give him peace of mind was reading.
Unlike Xiaodong Bookstore (晓东书店), Han Shulou (涵书楼) appears open and simple. Pushing the door in, the first thing you see is a table in the middle of the room that is at least seven or eight meters long, and the matching benches are a whole, preserved dead tree trunk. Sitting down on the dead tree trunk, looking around, there are high bookshelves against the wall. The books on the bookshelves are basically literary, including both classics and works by contemporary young writers. This is very rare. In this small local city, there is actually a place that keeps pace with the outside literary world. These books are all carefully selected by Lao Wei (老魏). Lao Wei (老魏) has told me about his book selection process many times. Once, in order to select a batch of books, he even ran to live next to a publishing house in Beijing (北京) for several days.
At first glance, both Xiaodong Bookstore (晓东书店) and Han Shulou (涵书楼) are bookstores, but in fact, they are not for the purpose of selling books. They are all places where people who love to read set aside a space, prepare tea and coffee, and use a room full of books as an invitation, waiting for people with compatible minds to come. Whether they are familiar or not, they can drink a cup of tea or a cup of coffee, chat about things related to books, or not chat about anything. The books on the four walls naturally contain stories about the world over thousands of years. 大音希声 (dà yīn xī shēng - "the greatest sound is barely audible," profound truths are often unspoken) and 润物无声 (rùn wù wú shēng - "moistening things without sound," to influence subtly and silently), surrounding us and affecting us.
Now, I heard that my hometown, Shidian County (施甸县), also has such a place. Shidian (施甸) is very small and close to Baoshan (保山) city. Many people go to Baoshan (保山) for life, and many young people go to Baoshan (保山) to study. But no matter how small a place is, there are many people living day by day, experiencing the inevitable磨难 (cuō mó - hardship) of life. There are still many people who remember and like reading.
A few days ago, the Shidian County (施甸县) Culture and Tourism Bureau organized an event and invited me to go back in May to give a literary lecture. Du Haisheng (杜海生), the curator of the county library, contacted me and introduced the place where I would be giving the lecture. It is in Zhushichong (朱市冲) in the mountains south of the county seat. There is a typical Shidian (施甸) rural courtyard house, which has been renovated, and a hot spring inn has been built next to it. You can read, stay, and experience intangible cultural heritage projects such as pottery, Bulang (布朗) embroidery, and Dongjing (洞经) music. Surrounded by mountains and villages, beyond that is the Yeyahu (野鸭湖) where hundreds of birds gather, and further away is the ancient town of Yaoguan (姚关古镇), which is full of fireworks.
After listening to Curator Du (杜) and looking at many photos he sent, I couldn't help but feel yearning. Reading in such a place is probably not to gain any great knowledge, but to make reading a crack in life, allowing other worlds to flood into the usual life, and let us realize that no matter how remote we are, we are always inextricably linked to this world.
Return to TopBy: 张君燕
In the north, April and May often bring windy days, laden with sand and dust. After a rain, the wind stops, the dust settles, and the mountains and fields after the rain seem to have a filter applied, clear and bright, making people unable to resist getting closer.
Walking into the mountains, what strikes you even before the new greenery covering the hills and plains is the unique atmosphere of the mountains and fields—vigorous, fierce, and rough. There's the sweet, fishy smell of soil, the scent of various plants emanating... you can't identify exactly which one; it's a mixed, even reacted, odor. It's like a young lad just coming off the sports field, running past you drenched in sweat, the wind stirring up a salty, fishy smell, along with a rising heat. That's right, it's this kind of exuberant energy.
The *Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic* (黄帝内经) says: "The earth's energy rises to become clouds, the sky's energy descends to become rain; rain comes from the earth's energy, clouds come from the sky's energy." The spiritual energy endowed by the land, mountains, and rivers can be called the energy of the mountains and fields. The Taihang Mountains (太行山) range, with its majestic mountains and rivers, has a wide variety and large quantity of plants. Awakened by the rain, the energy buried underground can no longer be stopped, seeping out along the mountain crevices. New buds break through the soil, grasses and trees stretch, and small insects hidden in the soil and rock crevices, as well as small animals in the forest, all become restless, all living things rejoicing.
Farmers in the mountains roll up their trouser legs and work barefoot in the fields. Tourists from outside look on in amazement: Aren't you afraid of pricking your feet? Aren't you afraid of getting blisters? The farmers chuckle, saying, "Can you call yourself a farmer if your palms and soles haven't grown blisters and calluses?" Farmers are familiar with the temperament of every crop; only by stepping barefoot into the soil can they truly feel the soil's temperature, humidity, and stickiness. At this time, the feet become the earth's "stethoscope," feeling the pulse and breath of the land, capturing the gushing energy from the depths of the earth. The revival of the earth is discovered jointly by farmers and crops; they work together to allow the crops to take advantage of this energy and thrive vigorously.
Mischievous children play in the fields, and the farmers shout, "Don't step on the crops with your shoes; if you step on them, the ground can't breathe, and the crops won't grow well." The children immediately restrain their movements, not daring to cross the "forbidden zone" 雷池 (léi chí - "thunder pool," a restricted area). The soil is softened by the rain, and the tourists simply take off their shoes and socks, walking barefoot on the small dirt road, stepping into the moist mud, which is cool, wrapping around the soles of their feet, yet giving rise to a kind of tepid feeling, as if shaking hands gently with the earth with every step.
Walking in the mountains and fields, you must recognize dandelions, yinchen (capillary wormwood), forsythia, rehmannia, shepherd's purse, plantain, small thistle... it's best to be able to name them all, understand their nature, so that you can be stained with "earthiness," truly integrate into the mountains and fields, and become their friends. Mountain chives spring out from the rock crevices, their roots thick and strong, exhibiting a purplish-red color, a burst of fierce and vigorous energy. Stir-fry a plate of mountain chives, drink a bowl of wild vegetable porridge, and you immediately feel your qi and blood flowing smoothly, your whole body comfortable, feeling connected to the earth's energy.
The wind blows from the valley, and then blows back to the valley, carrying a rich breath of grass and trees. People stand in it, watching the grass move, the trees sway, the birds sing on the branches, the insects crawl in the grass, and the ground under their feet seems to tremble slightly, as if a powerful energy is gathering momentum. This energy is invisible and intangible, but can be truly felt, seeping in from the soles of the feet, gushing out from the nostrils—exactly what the older generation calls "qi is flowing freely" 气儿透了 (qì ér tòu le - "qi is flowing freely," feeling refreshed and invigorated). Finally, something slowly settles in the heart, and people quiet down. Just like this piece of land under your feet, silent yet powerful.
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