Research and deploy flood control and drought relief work

■ During the main flood season this year, extreme weather and climate events in our country will still be numerous, with both floods and droughts occurring simultaneously. All regions and relevant departments must further raise their ideological awareness, firmly establish bottom-line thinking and extreme-scenario thinking, base themselves on preparing for major floods, major droughts, and strong typhoons, and take forceful measures to effectively carry out all work related to flood prevention, drought relief, emergency rescue, and disaster relief.

■ The safety of the people's lives must always be placed first; the precision of monitoring and forecasting must be improved; personnel must be organized for evacuation and risk avoidance in a timely and decisive manner; and mass casualties and injuries must be strictly prevented. The flood control safety of major rivers, large rivers, and large lakes must be ensured; the management and control of river and lake flood discharge space must be comprehensively strengthened. The risk of a rapid transition from drought to flood must be highly regarded; both flood prevention and drought relief must be grasped simultaneously; and the unified management and dispatch of water sources must be strengthened. The flood-season safety of major infrastructure and projects under construction must be guaranteed; the investigation of hidden dangers must be strengthened; and the protection of agricultural infrastructure must be enhanced.

■ Emergency rescue, response, and disaster relief must be carried out quickly and efficiently; preparations in terms of personnel, equipment, and materials must be further improved; overall deployment and pre-positioning must be strengthened; and rescue capabilities under extreme circumstances must be enhanced. Disaster relief and assistance work must be carried out with heartfelt dedication and genuine care; the basic living needs of the affected population must be effectively guaranteed. Resources must be consistently tilted toward the grassroots level, and forces must be consistently deployed to the front line; efforts must be focused on enhancing the grassroots capacity for flood prevention, disaster reduction, and disaster relief.

■ Party committees and governments at all levels must conscientiously implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and strictly implement the responsibility system for flood prevention and drought relief. The State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters must strengthen overall coordination and command dispatch; all relevant departments must fulfill their duties and responsibilities. Leading cadres at all levels must firmly establish and practice a correct view of performance, strengthen duty-keeping, command from the front, and organize and mobilize the masses to make every effort to carry out all work related to disaster prevention, reduction, and relief. Grassroots Party organizations and the vast majority of Party members and cadres must fully play the role of fighting fortresses and the vanguard and exemplary role, bravely shouldering heavy burdens and charging ahead on the front lines of flood prevention, drought relief, emergency rescue, and disaster relief, effectively safeguarding the safety of the people's lives and property and the overall stability of society.

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 30 — The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a meeting on June 30 to study and deploy flood prevention and drought relief work. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, presided over the meeting.

The meeting pointed out that during the main flood season this year, extreme weather and climate events in our country will still be numerous, with both floods and droughts occurring simultaneously. All regions and relevant departments must further raise their ideological awareness, firmly establish bottom-line thinking and extreme-scenario thinking, base themselves on preparing for major floods, major droughts, and strong typhoons, and take forceful measures to effectively carry out all work related to flood prevention, drought relief, emergency rescue, and disaster relief.

The meeting emphasized that the safety of the people's lives must always be placed first; the precision of monitoring and forecasting must be improved; personnel must be organized for evacuation and risk avoidance in a timely and decisive manner; and mass casualties and injuries must be strictly prevented. The flood control safety of major rivers, large rivers, and large lakes must be ensured; the management and control of river and lake flood discharge space must be comprehensively strengthened. The risk of a rapid transition from drought to flood must be highly regarded; both flood prevention and drought relief must be grasped simultaneously; and the unified management and dispatch of water sources must be strengthened. The flood-season safety of major infrastructure and projects under construction must be guaranteed; the investigation of hidden dangers must be strengthened; and the protection of agricultural infrastructure must be enhanced.

The meeting pointed out that emergency rescue, response, and disaster relief must be carried out quickly and efficiently; preparations in terms of personnel, equipment, and materials must be further improved; overall deployment and pre-positioning must be strengthened; and rescue capabilities under extreme circumstances must be enhanced. Disaster relief and assistance work must be carried out with heartfelt dedication and genuine care; the basic living needs of the affected population must be effectively guaranteed. Resources must be consistently tilted toward the grassroots level, and forces must be consistently deployed to the front line; efforts must be focused on enhancing the grassroots capacity for flood prevention, disaster reduction, and disaster relief.

The meeting demanded that Party committees and governments at all levels must conscientiously implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and strictly implement the responsibility system for flood prevention and drought relief. The State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters must strengthen overall coordination and command dispatch; all relevant departments must fulfill their duties and responsibilities. Leading cadres at all levels must firmly establish and practice a correct view of performance, strengthen duty-keeping, command from the front, and organize and mobilize the masses to make every effort to carry out all work related to disaster prevention, reduction, and relief. Grassroots Party organizations and the vast majority of Party members and cadres must fully play the role of fighting fortresses and the vanguard and exemplary role, bravely shouldering heavy burdens and charging ahead on the front lines of flood prevention, drought relief, emergency rescue, and disaster relief, effectively safeguarding the safety of the people's lives and property and the overall stability of society.

The meeting also studied other matters.

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Be a county Party secretary like Jiao Yulu

BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) -- The 13th issue of Qiushi Journal, to be published on July 1, will republish an important article by Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, titled "Be a County Party Secretary Like Jiao Yulu." This is a speech delivered by General Secretary Xi Jinping on January 12, 2015, at a symposium with trainees of the county Party secretary training class at the Central Party School.

The article emphasizes that within the organizational structure of our Party and the structure of state power, the county level is a key link connecting the upper and lower levels, serving as an important foundation for developing the economy, ensuring people's livelihood, maintaining stability, and promoting the long-term peace and order of the country. The county Party committee is the "frontline command headquarters" of our Party in governing and rejuvenating the country, and the county Party secretary is the "frontline commander-in-chief." How can one be a good county Party secretary? Comrade Jiao Yulu set an example for county Party secretaries. To be a county Party secretary, one must be a county Party secretary like Jiao Yulu.

The article points out that to be a good county Party secretary, one must always keep the Party in mind. Loyalty to the Party is an important criterion for a county Party secretary. There are many criteria by which to judge how well a county Party secretary is performing, but this is the primary one. The county-level position must be held by those who have the Party in their hearts and are loyal to the Party. One must firmly grasp the political direction, strengthen organizational awareness, trust the organization, rely on the organization, obey the organization, and consciously safeguard the Party's unity and solidarity. Mastering Marxist theory should be one's fundamental skill, with a focus on resolving the "master switch" issue of worldview, outlook on life, and values. One must strictly observe political discipline, abide by the rules in political direction, political stance, political speech, and political behavior, consciously uphold the Party's leadership, consciously maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee, and consciously safeguard the authority of the Party Central Committee.

The article points out that to be a good county Party secretary, one must always keep the people in mind. Serving the people wholeheartedly is the fundamental purpose of our Party. County Party secretaries are leading cadres who directly face the grassroots masses; they must care for the masses and work for their well-being. Efforts must be made to resolve the most direct and practical interests of the people that concern them most, especially by making substantial efforts to address issues the people are dissatisfied with, and by doing more to provide timely help (literally "sending charcoal in snowy weather"). When undertaking endeavors and starting businesses, one must establish a correct view of performance, and must never engage in flashy, people-wasting "image projects" or "performance projects" for the sake of building a personal image. Investigation and research must be treated as a basic skill, going deep into the grassroots, deep into the masses, and deep into reality to understand the situation and seek advice from the people. One must cultivate a good work style, be diligent, pragmatic, and serve the people, consciously resisting and correcting the "four forms of decadence" (四风).

The article points out that to be a good county Party secretary, one must always keep responsibility in mind. Leaders at the county level must plan for the reform, development, and stability of hundreds of thousands or millions of people, and manage a myriad of affairs. They must work with vigor and full enthusiasm, serving the people well during their tenure and bringing benefits to the region. For established work deployments, one must follow through to the end, ensuring a good start and a good finish. As for a good blueprint, as long as it is scientific, practical, and conforms to the people's wishes, it must be carried forward like a relay race, passing the baton from one to the next. Facing work difficulties, one must have the drive to "know there are tigers in the mountains, yet insist on traveling the tiger path" (明知山有虎、偏向虎山行), actively seek specific countermeasures to overcome difficulties, be ready to step forward and stand firm. One must have a sense of responsibility towards prominent contradictions, actively resolving them rather than evading or shirking them. In the face of emergencies, one must not fear danger, remain calm and composed, and dare to take responsibility.

The article points out that to be a good county Party secretary, one must always keep discipline in mind. Our power is conferred by the Party and the people, and is used to serve the Party and the people; it belongs to the public, not the private sphere, and can only be used to share the Party's concerns, work for the country, and seek benefits for the people. Power must be exercised correctly, used in accordance with the law, impartially, and with integrity, ensuring that one has reverence in the heart, restraint in speech, and boundaries in action, properly handling the relationships between public and private, sentiment and law, and benefit and law. One must take the lead in implementing democratic centralism and making decisions according to procedures. One must be adept at pooling the wisdom of the Party committee members, the leadership teams of various organizations, and cadres at all levels, achieving overall command without monopolizing, division of labor without separation, and delegation without abdication. One must be a model in studying, respecting, abiding by, and applying the law, and be adept at using legal thinking to plan county governance. One must always be strict with oneself, being upright in character, clean in conduct, and magnanimous in office. One must consciously promote and practice the core socialist values, strengthen moral cultivation, pursue healthy tastes, and guide the county to form a healthy and uplifting social atmosphere.

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Xi Jinping and Seychelles President Ramkalawan Exchange Congratulatory Messages on 50th Anniversary of China-Seychelles Diplomatic Relations

BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) — On June 30, President Xi Jinping exchanged congratulatory messages with President Wavel Ramkalawan of Seychelles to mark the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.

Xi Jinping pointed out that over the past 50 years since the establishment of diplomatic ties, no matter how the international situation has changed, China and Seychelles have always trusted each other and firmly stood together in mutual assistance, and the friendship between the two countries has remained as solid as a rock. I firmly believe that as long as both sides uphold the original aspiration of establishing diplomatic relations and advance side by side, the path of development of China-Seychelles relations will surely become broader and broader, and the prospects for bilateral cooperation will surely become even brighter. I attach great importance to the development of China-Seychelles relations and am willing to work with President Ramkalawan to take the 50th anniversary of diplomatic ties as a new starting point, to carry forward the traditional friendship, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation within the frameworks of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation and the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), promote common development, and lead the China-Seychelles strategic partnership to continuously reach new heights, so as to better benefit the peoples of both countries.

Ramkalawan stated that over the past 50 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations, Seychelles-China relations have developed steadily on the basis of mutual respect, mutual trust, and common development. China has always been a valuable partner for Seychelles, providing much support for Seychelles in improving people's livelihood and well-being and achieving national development goals. Seychelles firmly adheres to the One-China principle and is willing to continue strengthening cooperation within the frameworks of Belt and Road cooperation and FOCAC, and to continuously deepen bilateral relations.

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Regulations on Promoting Employment and Entrepreneurship for Retired Military Personnel Published

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 30 -- Premier Li Qiang of the State Council recently signed a State Council order promulgating the "Regulation on Promoting Employment and Entrepreneurship for Demobilized Military Personnel" (退役军人就业创业促进条例, hereinafter referred to as the "Regulation"), which will take effect on August 1, 2026.

The Regulation aims to promote employment and entrepreneurship for demobilized military personnel (退役军人), to leverage the role of demobilized military personnel as human resources, to protect their lawful rights and interests, and to make military service a profession respected by the whole society. The Regulation consists of 6 chapters and 48 articles, mainly stipulating the following content.

First, clarifying general requirements. The work on employment and entrepreneurship for demobilized military personnel adheres to the principle of combining universal benefits with preferential treatment, adopting a method that integrates government promotion, market guidance, and social support, to encourage and support demobilized military personnel in employment and entrepreneurship. It guides demobilized military personnel to establish a correct concept of career selection, and through measures such as education and training, employment support, and entrepreneurial assistance, promotes high-quality and full employment for demobilized military personnel. It clarifies the division of responsibilities for relevant units.

Second, establishing education and training policies. The state takes measures to strengthen education and training for demobilized military personnel. When demobilized military personnel participate in national education examinations and receive academic education, they enjoy preferential treatment and financial aid policies in accordance with relevant state regulations. The state incorporates vocational skills training for demobilized military personnel into the lifelong vocational skills training policy and organizational implementation system, and puts forward requirements for adaptive training, free vocational skills training, and training subsidies.

Third, improving employment preferential measures. When recruiting or hiring personnel, state organs, mass organizations, public institutions, and state-owned enterprises may appropriately relax the age and educational requirements for demobilized military personnel, and under equal conditions, give priority to recruiting and hiring demobilized military personnel. Localities shall set a certain number of grassroots civil servant positions for demobilized military personnel who are college graduates with at least five years of active service. It clarifies the preferential policies for demobilized military personnel when recruiting for county and township public institutions in remote and difficult areas, and for special positions such as firefighters in the national comprehensive fire rescue teams.

Fourth, optimizing entrepreneurial support measures. It clarifies support policies such as tax, financing, and credit for demobilized military personnel starting businesses. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall support and guide demobilized military personnel who have entrepreneurial intentions and training needs to participate in entrepreneurial training. It encourages demobilized military personnel to innovate and start businesses.

In addition, corresponding legal responsibilities are specified for acts that violate the provisions of the Regulation.

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Forging Ahead with the Original Aspiration and Mission, Writing the Answer Sheet of the Times (Editorial)

The original aspiration is as firm as a rock; the mission is as blazing as a torch.

Having traversed hardship and glory, and marching toward a bright future, the century-old major party is in its prime; hundreds of millions of people are in high spirits; China in the new era stands firm and tall; the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is an unstoppable force.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "We must sharpen our original aspiration and mission, persevere with constancy and 久久为功 (jiǔ jiǔ wéi gōng - "persist for a long time to achieve results," to work at something persistently over a long period), continue to answer well Yan'an's 'cave-dwelling question,' and write an era-answering scroll worthy of the people."

Standing at the major historical juncture of the 105th anniversary of the Party's founding, shouldering the solemn responsibility entrusted by the era, Chinese Communists of the new era are filled with ambition and pride.

"The Path of China" grows ever broader; we have greater resolve.

Over the past 105 years, our Party has successfully blazed a bright path leading the Chinese people in the pursuit of a better and happier life.

From a state of fragmentation and disunity to one of high unity and ethnic solidarity, from being impoverished and backward to leaping up to become the world's second-largest economy, the largest manufacturing country, and the largest trading country in goods, the Party has led the people in creating miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability. The Chinese nation has achieved a great leap from standing up, to growing prosperous, to becoming strong.

Especially over the past five years, we have withstood the severe impact of the once-in-a-century pandemic, effectively responded to a series of major risks and challenges, taken new solid steps in Chinese-style modernization, and achieved a good start on the new journey toward the second centenary goal.

Chinese-style modernization "is the broad avenue for building a strong country and achieving national rejuvenation, and it is also the necessary path for China to pursue human progress and global harmony." This is a new path for humanity's march toward modernization; this is a全新的 form of human civilization.

Seize the historical initiative; firmly uphold the "Four Matters of Confidence." "We take our own path; it has an incomparably broad stage, incomparably deep historical foundations, and incomparably strong forward resolve."

"The Truth of China" radiates the light of truth; we have greater strength.

The history of the Communist Party of China is a history of advancing the Sinicization of Marxism, of continuously enriching and developing Marxism, and also a history of using Marxist theory to understand and transform China.

Since the beginning of the new era, under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping Thought on Party Building, the Party has become stronger and more resolute through revolutionary tempering, leading the people to overcome one difficulty after another and create one miracle after another.

On the occasion of the 105th anniversary of the Party's founding, the Party Central Committee has made arrangements for studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Party Building. This thought provides the fundamental guidance and action guide for deeply advancing the great new project of Party building in the new era, and has significant practical and long-term guiding significance for strengthening the Party and the country.

Possessing the guidance of Marxist scientific theory is the fundamental basis for our Party to firmly uphold its faith and convictions and to grasp the historical initiative.

Adhering to the "Two Integrations," scientifically answering the questions of China, the world, the people, and the era, the Party's innovative theories in the new era fully demonstrate the power of truth and the mighty force of practice on the new journey.

"The Governance of China" writes a new chapter; we have greater confidence.

From secretaries at five levels grasping poverty alleviation and the whole Party being mobilized to tackle tough challenges, to deepening east-west cooperation and carrying out normalized assistance, we adhere to the principle of coordinating the whole country as a single chessboard, gathering greater driving force for forward development.

From formulating and implementing five-year plans to leveraging the advantages of the new nationwide system for mobilizing resources, we anchor our goals, "march forward steadily step by step, advance stage by stage."

Advancing amidst turbulent winds and towering waves, China's economy has braved the wind and waves, maintaining strong resilience and vitality. Its total economic output has leaped to a new level of 140 trillion yuan. The key lies in fully, accurately, and comprehensively implementing the new development philosophy, developing new quality productive forces according to local conditions, accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system supported by the real economy, building a new development pattern, and promoting high-quality development.

Adhering to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, upholding and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and better transforming institutional advantages into governance effectiveness, no force can stop the forward march of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation.

History and reality have irrefutably proven that without the Communist Party of China, there would be no New China, no happy life for the Chinese people, and no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

From "irreversible" to "unstoppable," the "Two Establishes" fundamentally ensure the historical trend of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation rolling forward, which is of decisive significance for us to cope with various risks and challenges and advance Chinese-style modernization on the new journey.

This year marks the beginning of the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" and also the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March.

"The new journey is a new Long March."

To achieve major breakthroughs in strategic tasks concerning the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization and to win new victories in the great struggle with many new historical features, there are still many new "snowy mountains" and "grasslands" to cross, and new "Loushan Pass" and "Lazikou" to conquer. On the new journey, with General Secretary Xi Jinping at the helm and the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we will surely "walk well the Long March road of our generation."

Firmly believe in the inevitable victory of the righteous cause. Our Party walks the righteous path of the world, engages in the righteous cause, and follows the general trend of history. Consciously use the Party's innovative theories in the new era to observe new situations, study new circumstances, and solve new problems, and with indomitable spirit remove all obstacles and sweep away all roadblocks; then there will be no hurdle we cannot cross, no pass we cannot breach, and no task we cannot accomplish.

Forever preserve the original aspiration of seeking happiness for the people. Along the way, we have closely relied on the people to deliver one answer sheet after another that has been recorded in history. On the new journey, we must remember that the country is the people, and the people are the country; always breathe the same breath, share the same fate, and be heart-to-heart with the people; take the people's aspiration for a better life as our goal; and promote the well-rounded development of the individual and common prosperity for all.

Strengthen the tenacity of "not shirking the toil of reaching the summit." Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of stepwise progression and continuous development and progress. Firmly establish and practice a correct view of performance, carry forward the spirit of "achievements do not necessarily have to be made in my term, but the effort must be made by me," cling to the green mountains without letting go, paint the blueprint to the end, and forge ahead with concrete actions and tangible results; our goals will surely be achieved.

Dedicated to the eternal cause of the Chinese nation and committed to the noble cause of human peace and development, the responsibility is immensely heavy, and the mission is supremely glorious. Comprehensively advancing Chinese-style modernization through high-quality development — the era is calling, and the people are expecting.

Adhering to the Party's leadership is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics. On the new journey, let us unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishes," resolutely achieve the "Two Upholds," vigorously promote the great founding spirit of the Party, remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind, forge ahead with vigor and determination, strive to create achievements worthy of the era, worthy of history, and worthy of the people, and create the glory of our generation for advancing the building of a strong country and the rejuvenation of the nation!

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Han Zheng Meets with Saudi Foreign Minister Faisal

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 30 (Xinhua) — On June 30, Vice President Han Zheng met with Saudi Foreign Minister Prince Faisal bin Farhan Al Saud in Beijing.

Han Zheng stated that in recent years, under the strategic guidance of the two countries' top leaders, China-Saudi relations have maintained a sound momentum of development. This year marks the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the China-Saudi comprehensive strategic partnership. In April, President Xi Jinping held a telephone conversation with Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman, reaching important consensus on deepening China-Saudi relations and promoting peace and stability in the Middle East. China is willing to work with Saudi Arabia to jointly implement the important consensus of the two countries' leaders, deepen political mutual trust, strengthen high-level exchanges, expand practical cooperation, and promote new progress in China-Saudi relations. As important members of the Global South, China and Saudi Arabia should strengthen communication and coordination to contribute to maintaining regional and world peace and stability.

Prince Faisal stated that the development of the Saudi-China comprehensive strategic partnership has reached an unprecedented level. Saudi Arabia firmly adheres to the One-China principle and is willing to continue promoting the in-depth development of bilateral relations with China. The two sides should strengthen cooperation in multilateral fields and jointly promote regional and world peace and stability.

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CPC membership reaches 101.286 million, with 5.431 million primary-level Party organizations

BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) — The latest data from the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee on internal Party statistics show: As of the end of 2025, the total number of members of the Communist Party of China stood at 101.286 million, a net increase of 1.015 million over the previous year. The number of primary-level Party organizations was 5.431 million, a net increase of 181,000 over the previous year. (Related report on page 2)

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Seize Historical Initiative to Achieve Great Rejuvenation

By: 任仲平

(一)

The emergence of the Communist Party of China was one of the greatest historic events of the 20th century.

Today, the Communist Party of China, having traversed a 105-year magnificent journey, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, is leading hundreds of millions of people in striding forward on the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country.

"For 105 years, our Party has united and led the people of all ethnic groups across the country in unremitting struggle, creating great achievements worthy of history and the people," General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized. "We must work together with one heart to walk the new Long March, forge an even brighter future, and continuously meet the people's aspirations for a better life."

A century-old Party, 砥柱中流 (dǐ zhù zhōng liú - "pillar in the midstream," mainstay) and 风华正茂 (fēng huá zhèng mào - "in the prime of youth"), its original aspiration and mission 矢志不渝 (shǐ zhì bù yú - "vow never to change") and 历久弥坚 (lì jiǔ mí jiān - "grow stronger over time").

Why can the Communist Party of China?

On the eve of "July 1," batches of Party members and masses visited the Museum of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党历史展览馆) to seek answers from the Party's history of unremitting struggle, history of fearing no sacrifice, history of theoretical exploration, history of benefiting the people, and history of self-construction.

Before the huge sign reading "I will have no self-interest, and live up to the people's trust," people paused in contemplation, as if hearing General Secretary Xi Jinping's solemn declaration—

"The people's aspiration for a better life is our goal of struggle."

"I am willing to achieve a state of 'selflessness' and dedicate myself to China's development."

"Offend a thousand people, but not fail 1.4 billion."

In the new era and new journey, socialist China stands tall and firm, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable.

Standing at the forefront of the times, looking back at the 105-year journey, deeply studying and comprehending Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping Thought on Party Building (习近平党建思想), we can more deeply understand why our Party has been able to maintain vigorous vitality and exuberant energy, unite and lead the people to accomplish and advance four great undertakings, write the most magnificent epic in the several-thousand-year history of the Chinese nation, and create great miracles in the history of human development—

During the period of the New Democratic Revolution, 开天辟地 (kāi tiān pì dì - "open the sky, split the earth," epoch-making) accomplishing the great endeavor of saving the nation; during the period of socialist revolution and construction, 改天换地 (gǎi tiān huàn dì - "change the sky and earth," transform thoroughly) accomplishing the great endeavor of building the nation; during the new period of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, 翻天覆地 (fān tiān fù dì - "overturn heaven and earth," earth-shaking) advancing the great endeavor of enriching the nation; in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, 惊天动地 (jīng tiān dòng dì - "shake heaven and earth," world-shaking) advancing the great endeavor of strengthening the nation.

"It profoundly changed the direction and process of the development of the Chinese nation after modern times, profoundly changed the future and destiny of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation, and profoundly changed the trend and pattern of world development."

(二)

Great eras give birth to scientific thought, and scientific thought guides innovative practice.

Xi Jinping Thought on Party Building distinctly puts forward that upholding the leadership of the Party is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and other points, forming the "Fourteen Perseverances" (十四个坚持), which is the fundamental guidance for strengthening Party building in the new era.

This thought profoundly answers the major contemporary questions of what kind of long-term governing Marxist political party to build and how to build a long-term governing Marxist political party, making major original contributions to the development of Marxist party-building theory, and having significant practical significance and long-term guiding significance for strengthening the Party and the country.

The National Conference on Party Building Work (全国党建工作座谈会) held on June 15 emphasized that studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Party Building is an important political task for the entire Party in the current and future period.

Advancing Party building as a great project, and always adhering to the principle and policy that the Party must supervise itself and govern itself strictly, is a great innovation of our Party and also a great magic tool for building the Party and the country, strengthening the Party and the country.

Across the entire world, no political party can treat its own construction as seriously and earnestly as the Communist Party of China. "This is our Party's distinctive advantage and also the way to lead the times and win."

Thought is the flag, the direction.

It embodies the character of the times, grasps the laws, and is full of creativity.

After the 18th National Congress of the Party, General Secretary Xi Jinping explicitly proposed "comprehensively and strictly governing the Party" (全面从严治党), and placed it alongside "comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society," "comprehensively deepening reform," and "comprehensively governing the country according to law," forming the strategic layout of the "Four Comprehensives" (四个全面).

In response to the problem of the weakening, nullification, and dilution of the implementation of Party leadership, it was distinctly proposed that "upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the highest political principle," making the entire Party more unified in thought, more united politically, and more consistent in action;

Facing the once lax and soft situation in governing the Party and running it strictly, the strict requirements were embodied in all aspects and links of Party governance and strict management, advancing the construction of Party conduct, integrity, and the fight against corruption with unprecedented courage and determination...

Deeply advancing the new great project of Party building in the new era, the Party's ability to purify itself, perfect itself, reform itself, and improve itself has been significantly enhanced, and the Party's political leadership, ideological guidance, mass organization, and social appeal have been significantly enhanced.

The core is the soul, the strength.

With such a large Party and such a large country, if there were no authority of the Party Central Committee to make the final decision and unify as one, there would be a situation where each goes its own way and acts as it pleases, and then nothing could be accomplished.

"Maintaining the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is a major party-building principle of a mature Marxist ruling party."

This year marks the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March.

In 1935, the Zunyi Conference, "a 生死攸关 (shēng sǐ yōu guān - "life-and-death related," critical turning point) in the Party's history," began to establish the leading position of the correct Marxist line represented mainly by Comrade Mao Zedong in the Party Central Committee, and began to form the Party's first generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong at its core.

"At the most critical moment, it saved the Party, saved the Red Army, saved the Chinese revolution."

Entering the new era, the complexity of the situation facing the Party and the state, the severity of the struggle, and the arduousness of the tasks of reform, development, and stability are 世所罕见 (shì suǒ hǎn jiàn - "rarely seen in the world") and 史所罕见 (shǐ suǒ hǎn jiàn - "rarely seen in history").

It is precisely because Comrade Xi Jinping's core position in the Party Central Committee and the entire Party was established, and the guiding position of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era was established, that the Party was able to effectively resolve prominent contradictions and problems affecting the Party's long-term governance, the country's lasting peace and stability, and the people's happiness and well-being, eliminate serious hidden dangers within the Party, the state, and the military, and fundamentally ensure that the destiny of the country's development and progress is firmly in the hands of the Chinese people.

The "Two Establishes" (两个确立) are major political achievements of the Party in the new era, and are the greatest certainty, the greatest confidence, and the greatest guarantee for us to overcome all difficulties and risks and deal with all uncertainties.

No matter what kind of environment or conditions, why can the Party always grasp the historical initiative?

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The Long March traversed high mountains and steep ridges, crossed big rivers and dangerous shoals, passed through grasslands and wastelands, but every march, every breakout, and every battle was launched from the overall strategic situation, both winning the war and gaining strategic initiative."

Connecting history, reality, and the future, establishing historical thinking and strategic thinking, grasping the historical initiative, and achieving great rejuvenation—these are the thinking methods and working methods that the General Secretary has taught us.

"Keep in mind the two overall situations: one is the strategic overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and the other is the major change unseen in a century in the world. These are the basic starting points for our planning of work."

From the moment it stepped onto China's political stage, the Party has struggled unswervingly for its original aspiration and mission. "The Chinese nation began, arduously but irreversibly, to move towards great rejuvenation."

Creating a new era, embarking on a new journey, successfully advancing and expanding Chinese-style modernization, the contrast between "China governs and the West is chaotic" is stark, and the historical trend of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable.

Reality comes step by step from history. The General Secretary thus summarized the relationship between the two overall situations in the Party's struggle—

Creating New China "opened a new epoch in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation" and "greatly changed the world's political landscape."

Completing the socialist revolution and advancing socialist construction "laid the fundamental political and institutional foundation for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation" and greatly strengthened the forces of world socialism.

Advancing reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, the Chinese nation caught up with the times in big strides, "not only profoundly changed China, but also profoundly affected the world."

Observing the times, grasping the times, and leading the times with Marxist scientific theory, formulating and implementing correct political strategies and tactics, the Communist Party of China has firmly grasped the historical initiative and become an important force driving the positive evolution and benign interaction of the two overall situations.

"Seeking happiness for the Chinese people, rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, and also progress for humanity and harmony for the world." From this, we can more deeply understand the great logic of the Communist Party of China grasping the historical initiative and advancing the great cause.

(三)

To seek happiness for the Chinese people, the Communist Party of China has fundamentally changed the future and destiny of the Chinese people, and its unwavering people-first philosophy and practice have profoundly influenced the direction of world modernization.

"Must adhere to the supremacy of the people" is an important manifestation of the worldview, methodology, and the standpoints, viewpoints, and methods that run through Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

From leading the people to overthrow the "three big mountains" (三座大山) to developing whole-process people's democracy, ensuring that the people are always the masters of the country, society, and their own destiny;

From promoting the basic solution of food and clothing problems on the basis of 一穷二白 (yī qióng èr bái - "one poverty, two blankness," poor and blank) to winning the battle against poverty on schedule, completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects on schedule, and steadily advancing common prosperity...

The history of the Communist Party of China is a history of practicing the original aspiration and mission, a history of connecting hearts, breathing the same air, and sharing the same fate with the people.

Why, when the Communist Party of China emerged as the times required (应运而生), did the Chinese people turn from being passive in spirit to being active?

Adhering to the people-centered development philosophy, always taking the people's stance as the fundamental stance, taking seeking happiness for the people as the fundamental mission, and adhering to the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly—this is the root of the Party's establishment, development, and strengthening, and the fundamental reason why the Party leads the Chinese people to create great history with a historical initiative spirit.

"One river, one creek" contains unchanging care, reflecting the unremitting pursuit of the supremacy of the people and the priority of people's livelihood.

In Shanghai, the Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek run through the city. Once, the polluted Suzhou Creek water like ink and the soy sauce-like Huangpu River water met at Hongkou, forming a "two-layer water."

From launching the first shot of black and odorous water body treatment in the 1980s, to continuously advancing the opening and functional expansion of public spaces along the banks with the highest standards and best level since the "14th Five-Year Plan"...

From the former "facing the river but not seeing the river" to now "being closer to the water and more intimate with the water," the "One River, One Creek" (一江一河) waterfront in Shanghai has transformed into a world-class window for ecological civilization construction and green development. Scholars bluntly say that such a long-distance, large-scale waterfront opening project "is not found in other cities in the world."

The rebirth of "One River, One Creek" is exactly the deep practice of the people's city concept, fulfilling the promise of "leaving the best resources to the people."

To benefit the people, one must plan for the long term.

From Shanghai to the whole country, in the governance of great rivers and lakes, and in the strategy of coordinated regional development, there is a forward-looking layout and strategic planning to realize, safeguard, and develop the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people.

Peaceful rivers have been the aspiration of Chinese sons and daughters for thousands of years. Once, "the Yangtze River was sick, and seriously so," "the Yellow River has been frail and prone to illness, with frequent floods."

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Following the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, we proposed the strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, and the national 'river and sea strategy' (江河战略) was established."

"Jointly focus on large-scale protection, do not engage in large-scale development." Over ten years, the proportion of excellent and good water quality in the Yangtze River Economic Belt increased from 67% to 96.5%. Planning cities based on water, land based on water, population based on water, and production based on water, rationally planning population, cities, and industrial development, the regional GDP has more than doubled, and its share of the national total has risen from 42.2% to 47.3%.

Dedicated to "making the Yellow River a happy river that benefits the people," fighting the hard battle in the "several bends" (几字弯) of the Yellow River, integrating the protection and governance of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and building an ecological barrier.

In today's China, production space, living space, and ecological space benefit and prosper together, and water and people, water and cities, and humans and nature coexist harmoniously... The "river and sea strategy" plans not just a single river or a single sea, but the happiness, health, and well-being of the people and the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.

"What does the Communist Party do? It serves the people and seeks rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. So we must constantly see what things need to be done well and what things must be done at an accelerated pace."

Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," from the Tao River water supply project (引洮供水工程) providing clean, sweet Tao River water to nearly 6 million people, to the Pinglu Canal (平陆运河) connecting the sea striving to become a "happy river" that boosts industry and enriches the people, to forming the world's largest, most comprehensive, and most beneficial water infrastructure system...

Every drop surges, nourishing the people, the original aspiration remains unchanged.

The pursuits of different political parties in the world are very different. Some also seek benefits for the people. Why is it that only the Communist Party of China has brought historic changes to the people and led the people to achieve epic progress?

"Wholeheartedly" and "all the people" are the keys to understanding the Communist Party of China.

"Adhere to doing everything for the people and relying on the people, adhere to governing for the people and relying on the people, adhere to developing for the people, relying on the people, and sharing the fruits of development among the people, and unswervingly walk the path of common prosperity for all the people";

"Both material abundance and spiritual enrichment," "fully stimulate the historical initiative spirit of all the people."

The people are the fundamental force that creates history and the main body of Chinese-style modernization.

Taking the people's aspiration for a better life as the goal of struggle, making the fruits of modernization benefit all the people more and more equitably, the Party's leadership coalesces the majestic force for building Chinese-style modernization.

Whether the path of modernization can ultimately be feasible and stable depends on whether it adheres to the people-centered approach.

In March 2023, at the High-level Dialogue between the Communist Party of China and World Political Parties, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "We must uphold the supremacy of the people and highlight the people-oriented nature of modernization."

"China's governance model is people-centered, with strategic foresight, providing a convincing example for countries to deal with complex global challenges," said Gyula Thurmer, Chairman of the Hungarian Workers' Party.

"The country is the people, and the people are the country." This is the logical starting point for understanding the Chinese Communists and also an important revelation the Communist Party of China brings to the world.

(四)

To seek rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, the Communist Party of China has led the people to successfully blaze the only correct path of Chinese-style modernization, pushing the Chinese nation towards great rejuvenation with unstoppable steps, becoming a key factor influencing the direction of the century-old global transformation.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "After the Opium War in 1840, the Chinese nation also experienced a great change unseen in centuries. From then on, our country's situation deteriorated day by day, and the Chinese nation fell into the abyss of near extinction! Now it is completely different. The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation shows an unprecedented bright prospect."

From "a scene of decay and decline" to "a scene of thriving vitality," looking back over the 5,000-year history of Chinese civilization, no other political force has been able to promote the development process of the Chinese nation as profoundly and historically as the Communist Party of China.

"Chinese-style modernization is the answer we have given to the major historical question of how to awaken the 'sleeping lion' and realize national rejuvenation."

The light of truth illuminates the road to rejuvenation.

From the scientific guidance of the theory of Chinese-style modernization, we can further "figure out why we were able to succeed in the past and how to continue to succeed in the future."

Deeply implement the new development concept, guide and promote quality change, efficiency change, and power change, and strive to solve the principal contradiction in our society;

Creatively propose the theory of new quality productive forces (新质生产力), striving to solve the problem of greater driving force for high-quality and sustainable development, providing strong momentum for Chinese-style modernization;

Propose improving the new national system under the conditions of the socialist market economy (新型举国体制), striving to solve the "bottleneck" problem, providing institutional support for building a science and technology powerhouse by 2035;

Make the strategic decision to create a new development pattern (新发展格局), striving to solve the issues of development security and stability, becoming the path choice for China's economic modernization;

…………

In his report to the 20th National Congress of the Party, General Secretary Xi Jinping summarized and profoundly expounded the theory of Chinese-style modernization, which is a major innovation in world modernization theory and practice and a milestone in the history of human civilization.

Facing the new questions raised by China's questions, the world's questions, the people's questions, and the questions of the times, continuously providing answers from the combination of theory and practice, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era demonstrates even stronger and more convincing truth power and practical power.

Chinese roads, Chinese bridges, Chinese vehicles, Chinese ports, Chinese networks... Looking at Chinese-style modernization from the "great thoroughfares of a major country" since the new era, especially in the past five years, we can deeply grasp the internal logic of the unstoppable great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Look at Chinese roads: the operating mileage of high-speed railways has exceeded 50,000 kilometers, and the total mileage of expressways has exceeded 191,000 kilometers...

Leveraging the superimposed effects of the regional coordinated development strategy, major regional strategy, main functional area strategy, and new urbanization strategy, the efficient interweaving of people flow, logistics, and information flow gives strong momentum to high-quality development.

Look at Chinese bridges: the Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge (花江峡谷大桥) in Guizhou, "number one in the world both horizontally and vertically," spans the "Earth's fissure," and the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Link (深中通道), integrating "bridge, island, tunnel, and underwater interchange," has become the "aorta" of transportation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area...

Leveraging the advantages of the new national system, concentrating forces for original and leading scientific and technological breakthroughs, China has become a global innovation laboratory and an important engine.

Look at Chinese vehicles: the CR450 high-speed train set refreshes "China speed," consolidating and expanding the world-leading advantage of high-speed rail technology; the production and sales of new energy vehicles exceeded 16 million units, ranking first globally for 11 consecutive years.

With the real economy as the foundation, building a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone, "in recent years, China's economy has braved wind and waves, maintaining strong resilience and vitality."

Look at Chinese ports: among the world's top ten ports in terms of cargo throughput and container throughput, Chinese ports account for eight and six places respectively.

Building a new development pattern, steadily expanding high-level opening up, continuously shaping new advantages in international economic cooperation and competition, continuously injecting new momentum into the global economy.

Look at Chinese networks: the national water network coverage area has reached 80.3% of the national land area, 5G base stations cover all prefecture-level cities and county seats across the country... Looking towards the "15th Five-Year Plan," the planning and construction of the "six networks" (六张网) is accelerating.

Adhering to the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand, building a strong domestic market, China's development has strong endogenous driving force.

A large country with over a billion people, in the space-time compression of "completing in decades what took centuries," has created the "two miracles" (两大奇迹) that have attracted worldwide attention. This is an unprecedented great undertaking.

How did the Communist Party of China achieve this?

The goal of struggle guides the great journey.

The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Party Central Committee adjusted and developed "comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society" into "comprehensively building a modern socialist country," and the 20th National Congress of the Party made the "two-step" (两步走) strategic arrangement for comprehensively building a great modern socialist country...

From the "First Five-Year Plan" to the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan," the consistent theme is to build China into a modern socialist country. "Advancing stage by stage," we have developed from "importing matches, soap, and iron" to "the world's largest manufacturing country with the most complete range of industries."

The "Two Combinations" (两个结合) are our greatest magic tool for achieving success.

"Without the 5,000-year civilization of China, how could we have today's successful path?"

"To build a modern country, taking the old path of the United States and Europe won't work"; unswervingly take the path of civilized development featuring production development, affluent life, and good ecology;

Adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era, promote the "new era six-foot lane working method" (新时代六尺巷工作法), combine the connotation of "harmony" culture with the actual situation of grassroots governance, and improve the diversified mechanism for resolving social contradictions;

…………

Let all the people move towards modernization together, let everyone live a good life, let people's material and spiritual worlds be equally rich, let people and nature coexist harmoniously...

Chinese-style modernization "not only is correct and feasible, but also stable and good."

Today, we are closer, more confident, and more capable of realizing the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history.

Adhere to the path that is right and the ambition that does not change, "no force can stop the forward march of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation."

(五)

To seek progress for humanity and harmony for the world, the Communist Party of China has led the people to forge a broad road, opening up a new path for humanity to achieve modernization and creating a new form of human civilization. The concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind, proposed, has become a shining banner leading the progress of the times, pushing the world towards a bright future of peace, security, prosperity, and progress.

"Adhere to a global vision" (坚持胸怀天下) is the historical experience of the Communist Party of China's unremitting struggle and the theoretical quality of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that the "15th Five-Year Plan" "not only charts the blueprint for China's development in the next five years, but also provides a 'list of opportunities' for the world."

An important feature of Chinese-style modernization is adhering to peaceful development, seeking its own development while firmly safeguarding world peace and development, and better safeguarding world peace and development through its own development, promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

"It has solved many difficult problems in the development of human society, abandoned the old Western path of modernization centered on capital, modernization with polarization, modernization with materialistic expansion, and modernization with external expansion and plunder, expanded the path for developing countries to achieve modernization, and provided China's solution for humanity's exploration of a better social system."

With the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, Global Civilization Initiative, and Global Governance Initiative as strategic guidance, and with the high-quality co-construction of the "Belt and Road" (一带一路) as a practical platform... Building a community with a shared future for mankind is "China's solution to what kind of world to build and how to build it."

From the values of China's solution, we can deeply grasp the global vision of the Chinese Communists in the new era.

Harmony and coexistence (和合共生)—"China's 'harmony' culture has a long history, containing the cosmological view of the unity of heaven and humanity, the international view of harmony among all nations, the social view of harmony in diversity, and the moral view of kindness in the human heart."

Taking the lead in establishing the International Organization for Mediation (国际调解院), building a new platform for countries to peacefully resolve differences; practicing the building of a new type of major-country relations, demonstrating the responsibility of a major country in maintaining world peace...

From "the historical answer of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence" to "the answer of the times of building a community with a shared future for mankind," the pursuit of "harmony" is consistent and unswerving.

"Harmony culture is a 'powerful antidote' to resolve conflicts and divisions," some UN officials believe.

Based on the profound harmonious culture, China's solution promotes the building of the Earth into a harmonious family.

Win-win cooperation—"Only win-win cooperation can make things successful, good, and great."

From May 1 this year, China fully implemented zero-tariff measures for 53 African countries that have diplomatic relations with China, becoming the world's first major economy to unilaterally and comprehensively achieve zero-tariff treatment for all African countries that have diplomatic relations with China.

Taking the initiative to open its market to the world, as the world's first national-level expo with import as its theme, the CIIE (进博会) appointment turns "world's good products" into "global business opportunities," with cumulative intended transaction volume exceeding 580 billion US dollars.

The China-Laos cross-border "electric highway" runs faster, and the Piraeus Port in Greece has transformed from "a corner of the Mediterranean" to a "global hub"... The co-construction of the "Belt and Road" advocates that oneself lives well and also lets others live well.

China's solution seeks common development, mutual benefit, and win-win, continuously providing new opportunities for the world with China's new development.

Shared responsibility for the global common good (同球共济)—"International affairs should be discussed by all countries, handled according to rules agreed upon by all, and take into account the interests and concerns of all countries."

In September 2025, the SCO Tianjin Summit (上海合作组织天津峰会). President Xi Jinping solemnly proposed the Global Governance Initiative, and the world witnessed the "China moment" in global governance reform.

Advancing "BRICS Plus" cooperation, promoting the "China-Central Asia spirit"... China always cares for the Global South and is rooted in the Global South. The collective rise of the Global South has become an indispensable force in the reform of the global governance system.

From global governance of artificial intelligence to global governance of climate change, China is an active participant, an important contributor, and a key leader.

Recently, a book co-authored by Italian scholars, "China's Blueprint for Global Leadership," systematically expounded China's global governance concepts, becoming a hit in European academic circles.

A German media article stated: "The world has long been becoming more and more Sinicized. This is not because China is exporting its worldview, but because the world is adapting to this worldview."

China's solution advocates a global governance concept of extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, "promoting the international order and global governance system to develop in a more just and reasonable direction."

British renowned scholar Martin Jacques believes that China's transformation is arguably the most magnificent political achievement in the entire modernization era and will become a symbol of world modernity.

"Realizing national development by combining the stimulation of endogenous driving forces with the peaceful use of external resources," "benefiting both the Chinese people and promoting the modernization of countries around the world"...

Chinese-style modernization, with a completely new modernization model, achieves a major innovation in world modernization theory and practice, continuously expands humanity's imagination of the future with a completely new form of human civilization, and shows a new picture different from the Western modernization model.

Chinese-style modernization is essentially a civilization-type modernization, some foreign scholars assess.

In the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan," China ushered in a "wave of visits." The President of Mozambique went to remote villages to witness firsthand "China's poverty reduction experience and the victorious results of the fight against poverty"; General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam and President of Vietnam To Lam took a high-speed train to Xiong'an, experiencing the vitality and vigor of the "city of the future"...

The achievements and contributions of the Communist Party of China are not only historic but also global.

"China is forging brilliance and is destined to play a key role in the future of the world," the Spanish Prime Minister exclaimed during his visit to China in April this year.

Today, the world stands at a new crossroads, and global challenges are becoming more prominent.

Cherishing the future of humanity and caring for the well-being of the people.

"A China that is continuously moving towards modernization will surely provide more opportunities for the world, inject stronger momentum into international cooperation, and make greater contributions to the progress of all humanity!"

(六)

The governance of the Communist Party of China, the governance of China, the anchor of the world.

Without the Communist Party of China, how would there be socialist China? How would there be socialism with Chinese characteristics? How would there be the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation?

History has forcefully proved: "Only under the leadership of the Communist Party of China did our country completely change its face of poverty and weakness and march towards the goal of modernization; did our nation completely rise from decline and usher in the bright prospect of great rejuvenation; did our people completely shake off the position of being exploited and oppressed and truly take control of their own destiny."

"In today's world, when it comes to which political party, which country, or which nation can be confident, the Communist Party of China, the People's Republic of China, and the Chinese nation are the most justified in being confident!"

Always upholding the original aspiration and mission—this is our Party's greatest confidence in history and the greatest composure to grasp the historical initiative.

Looking back on the journey, "what difficulties has our Party not experienced? What challenges has it not encountered?"

Walk the righteous path of humanity, engage in just undertakings.

In 1954, the First National People's Congress clarified "to strive for building a great socialist country and to strive for defending international peace and advancing the cause of human progress." Comrade Mao Zedong declared with heroic pride: "Our cause is just. A just cause is unassailable by any enemy."

In 2021, on the centenary of the Party's founding, the Party Central Committee made the third historical resolution. General Secretary Xi Jinping issued a great call to the entire Party, the military, and the people of all ethnic groups across the country: "Do not forget yesterday's suffering and glory, live up to today's mission and responsibility, and do not disappoint tomorrow's great dreams. Learn from history, create the future, work hard, forge ahead courageously, and strive unremittingly for the realization of the second centenary goal and the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation."

Building a great modern socialist country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a relay race.

The greater the cause, the more it is fraught with risks and challenges; the closer the goal, the more it is necessary to maintain the drive of "must not refuse to work hard when climbing to the summit" (要登绝顶莫辞劳).

We must always remember the fundamental question of what the Communist Party of China is and what it wants to do, always maintain strategic sobriety, strategic confidence, and strategic initiative, and run the key leg of the historical relay.

The sky is vast, the wind is mighty.

Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, comprehensively implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, vigorously carry forward the great founding spirit of the Party, and keep in mind the "Three Imperatives" (三个务必). Chinese Communists have such sobriety and confidence—

"Polish the original aspiration and mission, persevere with persistence, continuously answer the 'cave-dwelling question' of Yan'an well, and write a times-answer sheet worthy of the people."

"Stand on the side of history's correctness, stand on the side of human progress, and make new and greater contributions to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind and building a better world!"

"We have full confidence and ability to create new and greater miracles that will amaze the world on the new journey of the new era."

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Socialism with Chinese Characteristics Enters a New Era (Great Journey)

By: 本报记者 江 琳

The towering Taihang Mountains, range upon range of peaks. In Luotuowan Village, Fuping County, Hebei, a lush expanse of green and fine mountains and waters attract numerous visitors to "check in." This place, where it was once "hard to earn money from the crevices of rocks," now has forests and fruit trees fragrant on the hillsides and mushroom sticks yielding gold at the foot of the mountains, and has also become a scenic spot on high-quality tourist routes.

Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, from the realization of the dream of moderate prosperity in all respects to embarking on the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country, the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is an unstoppable trend.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Since the 18th National Congress, the Party Central Committee has united and led the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country, comprehensively reviewed the new domestic and international situations, and through summarizing practice and looking forward to the future, profoundly answered the major question of our era: what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics to uphold and develop, and how to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. This has formed the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We have adhered to the coordinated advancement of the 'Five-in-One' overall plan and the coordinated promotion of the 'Four Comprehensives' strategic layout, adhered to the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, and put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas, and new strategies for all aspects of the Party and the country's work, driving historic changes and achieving historic accomplishments in the cause of the Party and the state. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era."

Looking back to November 2012, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Beijing. Facing profound and complex changes in the domestic and international situation, the 18th National Congress made scientific plans for completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and made comprehensive arrangements for achieving new victories for socialism with Chinese characteristics.

"Realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is the greatest dream of the Chinese nation in modern times." Shortly after the conclusion of the 18th National Congress, General Secretary Xi Jinping led the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and others to visit the "Road to Rejuvenation" exhibition at the National Museum. His remarks stirred the pride of hundreds of millions of Chinese people to forge ahead in the new era.

To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the Party must be built well and built strong. Starting with the improvement of work style, on December 4, 2012, the meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee reviewed and approved the "Eight-Point Regulation of the 18th Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on Improving Work Style and Maintaining Close Ties with the Masses."

"If we feel a little uncomfortable, a little uneasy, then the people's comfort level will be a little better, their satisfaction a little higher, and their feelings towards us a little better." With the mission and responsibility of "offending thousands of people, not failing 1.4 billion," we have advanced the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. The Party's conduct and government conduct have taken on a new look, and the hearts of the Party and the people have been greatly uplifted.

Poverty alleviation, ecological governance, the Chang'e lunar missions, the high-speed rail network, the growth of Xiongan New Area, the Belt and Road Initiative connecting mountains and seas... Since the 18th National Congress, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has coordinated both domestic and international situations, overseen the great struggle, the great project, the great cause, and the great dream, overcome a series of major risks and challenges, solved many long-standing problems that were difficult to solve, and accomplished many major tasks that were long desired but previously unattainable.

In October 2016, the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee formally proposed "the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core" and solemnly wrote it into the plenum's documents. In October 2017, the 19th National Congress wrote "firmly upholding the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core" into the Party Constitution. This is the common aspiration of the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country, an urgent requirement for advancing the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party and enhancing the Party's creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness, and a fundamental guarantee for maintaining the correct direction of the development of the Party's and the country's cause.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The entry of socialism with Chinese characteristics into a new era means that the Chinese nation, which has endured so much since modern times, has achieved a great leap from standing up and growing prosperous to becoming strong, and has ushered in a bright prospect for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. It means that scientific socialism is full of vitality in 21st-century China, and the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is held high in the world. It means that the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics have continuously developed, expanding the pathways for developing countries to achieve modernization, providing a new choice for those countries and nations that wish to accelerate development while maintaining their independence, and contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to the problems of mankind."

Victory in the battle against poverty, the realization of the dream of moderate prosperity in all respects; domestically produced AI large models astonishing the world, the world's second-largest economy advancing unceasingly on the path of technological innovation; taking the lead in green transformation, new energy vehicles selling worldwide... Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, and under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Chinese Communists will surely unite and lead hundreds of millions of people to forge new historic achievements and create new and greater glories!

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CPC membership steadily grows

BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) -- (Reporter Zhang Yang) The latest statistics on internal Party affairs from the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee show: As of the end of 2025, the total number of Communist Party of China members stood at 101.286 million, a net increase of 1.015 million over the previous year. There were 5.431 million primary-level Party organizations, a net increase of 181,000 over the previous year. The Communist Party of China persists in strengthening the grassroots, consolidating the foundation, and solidifying the roots, rigorously and practically managing the building of the Party membership, and striving to construct a tight organizational system that is connected from top to bottom and effective in execution, fully leveraging the role of primary-level Party organizations as battle fortresses and the vanguard and exemplary role of Party members in promoting reform, development, and stability.

The total number of Party members has grown at a moderate pace. The total number of Party members increased by 1.0% over the previous year. A total of 2.086 million Party members were developed throughout the year, of whom 1.072 million were from the front lines of production and work, accounting for 51.4%; 1.143 million had college degrees or above, accounting for 54.8%; and 1.753 million were aged 35 or below, accounting for 84.0%.

The structure of the Party membership continues to be optimized. As of the end of 2025, there were 59.765 million Party members with college degrees or above, accounting for 59.0%, an increase of 1.4 percentage points over the previous year; 31.914 million were female Party members, accounting for 31.5%, an increase of 0.6 percentage points over the previous year; 7.878 million were Party members from ethnic minorities, accounting for 7.8%, an increase of 0.1 percentage points over the previous year; workers and peasants remain the main body of the Party membership, accounting for 32.4% of the total.

Party member education and management have been continuously strengthened. Party organizations at all levels resolutely implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, unremittingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to consolidate souls and unite hearts, meticulously organize and carry out study and education on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Committee's Eight-Point Regulation, and continuously strengthen Party member education and training. The number of person-times of Party members trained throughout the year increased by 3.7% over the previous year. Party committees at the county level and above conducted off-the-job training for 4.987 million secretaries of primary-level Party organizations. The organizational life of the Party is strictly standardized; 3,202 local Party committee leadership teams held democratic life meetings, and 4.636 million Party branches held organizational life meetings and conducted democratic evaluation of Party members. Commendation, encouragement, and care within the Party have been vigorously advanced. Party organizations at all levels commended a total of 108,000 advanced primary-level Party organizations, 583,000 outstanding Communist Party members, and 165,000 outstanding Party affairs workers. Throughout the year, 939,000 "Glory in the Party for 50 Years" commemorative medals were awarded.

Primary-level Party organizations have become stronger and more effective. Nationwide, a total of 314,000 primary-level Party committees, 333,000 general Party branches, and 4.783 million Party branches have been established, an increase of 8,000, 4,000, and 170,000 respectively over the previous year. Organizational setup has become more scientific and standardized, and the organizational system has been further tightened. The work of grasping Party building to promote rural revitalization has been solidly advanced, and the building of the leadership team of village Party secretaries has been continuously strengthened. Among the 483,000 village Party organization secretaries, those with college degrees or above account for 56.5%, an increase of 8.9 percentage points over the previous year. The selection and dispatch of outstanding first secretaries to villages has been continuously optimized. There are currently 188,000 first secretaries stationed in villages, covering 39.0% of the country's administrative villages. The urban and rural grassroots governance system led by Party organizations has been continuously improved, the work of reducing burdens and empowering grassroots levels has been continuously deepened, the strength of Party building work in urban and rural communities has been further strengthened, and the overall effectiveness of Party building leading grassroots governance has been continuously enhanced. The construction of primary-level Party organizations in various fields has been advanced in a coordinated manner. Party building work in government organs, public institutions, enterprises, and social organizations has achieved new improvements. The political functions and organizational functions of primary-level Party organizations have been further strengthened. The Party's political advantages and organizational advantages are continuously being transformed into developmental advantages and advantages for securing victory, gathering a mighty force for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization.

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Communist Party of China Releases Internal Statistics Bulletin

By: 中共中央组织部

As of December 31, 2025, the total number of members of the Communist Party of China stood at 101.286 million, a net increase of 1.015 million compared to the end of 2024, representing an increase of 1.0%.

The Communist Party of China currently has 5.431 million primary-level organizations, a net increase of 181,000 compared to the end of 2024, representing an increase of 3.4%. Among these, there are 314,000 primary-level Party committees, 333,000 general Party branches, and 4.783 million Party branches.

I. Composition of Party Members

Gender, ethnicity, and educational background of Party members. There are 31.914 million female Party members, accounting for 31.5% of the total. There are 7.878 million Party members from ethnic minorities, accounting for 7.8%. There are 59.765 million Party members with a college degree or above, accounting for 59.0%.

Age of Party members. There are 12.094 million Party members aged 30 and under, 10.115 million aged 31 to 35, 12.191 million aged 36 to 40, 9.927 million aged 41 to 45, 9.047 million aged 46 to 50, 9.460 million aged 51 to 55, 8.538 million aged 56 to 60, and 29.914 million aged 61 and above.

Time of joining the Party. 43,000 members joined before the founding of the People's Republic of China; 11.674 million joined after the founding of the People's Republic but before the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee; 59.381 million joined after the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee but before the 18th National Congress; and 30.187 million have joined since the 18th National Congress.

Occupations of Party members. Workers (including production and service personnel) number 6.718 million; farmers, herdsmen, and fishermen number 26.068 million; professional and technical personnel in enterprises, public institutions, and social organizations number 16.692 million; managerial personnel in enterprises, public institutions, and social organizations number 11.862 million; staff of Party and government organs number 7.429 million; students number 2.537 million; personnel in other occupations number 7.898 million; and retired personnel number 22.082 million.

II. Recruitment of New Party Members

In 2025, a total of 2.086 million new Party members were recruited.

Gender, ethnicity, age, and educational background of new recruits. 971,000 new female Party members were recruited, accounting for 46.5%. 213,000 new Party members from ethnic minorities were recruited, accounting for 10.2%. 1.753 million new Party members aged 35 and under were recruited, accounting for 84.0%. 1.143 million new Party members with a college degree or above were recruited, accounting for 54.8%.

Occupations of new recruits. Workers (including production and service personnel) number 144,000; farmers, herdsmen, and fishermen number 337,000; professional and technical personnel in enterprises, public institutions, and social organizations number 281,000; managerial personnel in enterprises, public institutions, and social organizations number 214,000; staff of Party and government organs number 96,000; students number 822,000; and personnel in other occupations number 193,000. A total of 1.072 million new Party members were recruited from the front lines of production and work.

III. Commendations within the Party

In 2025, Party organizations at all levels across the country commended a total of 108,000 advanced primary-level Party organizations, 583,000 outstanding Communist Party members, and 165,000 outstanding Party affairs workers. Throughout the year, 939,000 "Glory in the Party for 50 Years" commemorative medals were awarded.

IV. Applications for Party Membership

As of the end of 2025, there were 20.864 million applicants for Party membership nationwide, and 10.640 million active applicants for Party membership (积极分子).

V. Party Organization Situation

Local Party committees. There are a total of 3,202 local Party committees at various levels nationwide. Among these, there are 31 provincial (autonomous region, municipality directly under the central government) committees, 396 municipal (prefecture) committees, and 2,775 county (city, district, banner) committees.

Party organizations in urban sub-districts, townships/towns, communities, and administrative villages. Party organizations have been established in 9,158 urban sub-districts, 30,000 townships and towns, 124,000 communities, and 484,000 administrative villages nationwide, with coverage rates all exceeding 99.9%.

Party organizations in Party and government organs, public institutions, enterprises, and social organizations. There are a total of 809,000 primary-level Party organizations in Party and government organs nationwide, 1.017 million in public institutions, 1.692 million in enterprises, and 201,000 in social organizations, essentially achieving full coverage where conditions permit.

(Note: Some totals or relative figures in this communiqué have not been mechanically adjusted for calculation errors arising from rounding.)

(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 30)

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Two "Nangou" Villages' Transformation Story

By: 本报记者 张 铁 高 炳

Two Nangou Villages in Shaanxi's Yan'an.

Driving from the city proper, heading west along the Yan River, turning into a gully road, up a mountainside road, after 40 minutes you arrive at Nangou Village in Ansai District.

In the golden autumn of 2022, General Secretary Xi Jinping came here, entering orchards, inspecting workshops, inquiring about industries, and remarked with emotion, "From the changes in northern Shaanxi, one can see the changes in China."

More than 100 kilometers further west, Wuqi County also has a Nangou Village. Afforestation turned the earth into gold; eco-tourism is famous far and wide.

The same village name tells of the same predicament: both were once "gully villages" deep in the mountain hollows. For generations upon generations, the mountains were bare, the land was poor, the people were impoverished — "sow a whole hillside in spring, harvest half a bag of grain in autumn."

The two Nangou Villages have now been utterly transformed. What changes? What brought about these changes?

The answer is unanimous: "Build a good Party branch, select a good leader."

(I)

For Wuqi's Nangou Village, the change began with "one tree." Entering the village history museum, the first thing you see is a photograph: the mountain cliffs were bare, a single tree stood desolate.

The photo was taken in 2001. Five years earlier, Yan Zhixiong had been elected village Party branch secretary.

Not far to the north is the Mu Us Desert. Stuck in a sandy nest, the poorer they got, the more they reclaimed; the more they reclaimed, the poorer they got. "Per capita annual income was just over 600 yuan — it worried people to death..."

In 1998, the Sloping Land Conversion Program was launched, with Wuqi taking the lead pilot in northern Shaanxi. Nangou Village seized the opportunity to "fire the first shot." "I, the 'worrywart secretary,' became the 'tree secretary'!"

Looking at Ansai's Nangou Village, "one rainstorm" is still unforgettable.

"Difficulty traveling, difficulty finding a wife, difficulty for village cadres to get things done." This former "Three Difficulties Village" was famous in Ansai. In the summer of 2013, a once-in-fifty-year torrential rain destroyed over half the cave dwellings, adding 雪上加霜 (xuě shàng jiā shuāng - "frost on top of snow," to make a bad situation worse) to the "Three Difficulties Village."

In desperation, the village-assigned cadre Zhang Guanghong thought of Zhang Runsheng, a "capable person" who had left the village. He went to the city to seek him out. Once, twice — Zhang Runsheng was moved: "When the family encounters difficulty, how can we just stand still?"

The first thing upon returning to the village was housing. The village cadres took the lead. Those with money contributed money, those with strength contributed strength. They worked hard for ten months straight, and miraculously, 39 courtyards and over 100 rooms were built.

Villages learn from villages, households learn from households, peasants look to the Party branch. That one heavy rain made the people of Nangou understand: to solve the "Three Difficulties," the key was solving the "third difficulty"!

At the end of 2014, during the village Party organization election, Zhang Runsheng was elected secretary of the Ansai Nangou Village Party branch with a full vote.

(II)

Poverty prompts a desire for change. The transformation of thought is the hardest and most crucial.

From escaping poverty to comprehensive rural revitalization, the two Nangou Villages have repeatedly "changed their thinking."

In Wuqi's Nangou Village, the first time they heard about "closing hillsides to facilitate afforestation" and "returning farmland to forest," the old peasants who had scratched a living from the soil all their lives couldn't understand: "What can planting trees do for us?"

Take the issue of "penning up" goats, for instance. They argued until they were blue in the face. "A goat's mouth is a pair of scissors, its hooves are four shovels — saplings that have just sprouted get nibbled clean away," Yan Zhixiong illustrated with a metaphor.

The village cadres went door to door, entered cave dwellings, chatted about daily life, explained the policies. The reasoning slowly "seeped" into the hearts of the masses. Planting trees was an opportunity; green was hope. The village's thousand-plus goats were converted from free-range grazing to pen-fed farming.

When the Party branch acts as a good locomotive, the masses run together on one track.

Carrying saplings on his back, Yan Zhixiong walked at the front. Men, women, young, and old shouldered hoes and tucked away dry rations. "Go! Follow the secretary and plant trees..."

What about Ansai's Nangou Village? The new leadership had new plans.

"Having moved into new houses, we can't still live the old way of life," Zhang Runsheng began working on the people. They worked hard all year round without slacking off, so why were they still poor? In the final analysis, there was no industry. Concentrate the land parcels, build dams, implement drip irrigation, use mechanized operations — even clods of earth can give birth to golden eggs.

Land transfer was a hurdle. The village-level meeting was held 49 times. One sentence from the former Party branch secretary moved everyone: "Why don't we dare to take this first step? At worst, we'll be just as poor as before!"

In the end, except for two households, all the land was transferred. They planted 2,100 mu of apple trees; the whole village sweated together. Three years later, red fruits covered the branches.

By the end of 2017, per capita net income exceeded 10,000 yuan. In March 2018, the first collective dividend distribution was 62,000 yuan.

"When the village develops, life has promise, and only then can one work with backbone," Zhang Runsheng said.

The former "Three Difficulties Village" was consigned to the dustbin of history.

(III)

When apples had taken root in Ansai's Nangou Village, Wuqi's Nangou Village also welcomed new opportunities.

On the ridges and slopes, tree after tree was planted. On the mountains, fruit trees rolled like green waves; at the foot, reservoirs glistened like silver.

The landscape was renewed, but Yan Zhixiong had grown old. In 2018, the "relay baton" was handed to the younger man Bai Tao.

"Planting trees can also bring wealth; lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets." Studying and comprehending the "Two Mountains" concept, Bai Tao pondered.

After some investigation, he settled on rural tourism. To bridge the "Two Mountains," the village registered and established a scenic area development and operation company. Old farmer Kuang Zhiwu laid down his hoe and became a slide operator. "Eating the 'eco-meal' right at our doorstep!"

Watching Wuqi's Nangou Village thrive, Ansai's Nangou Village couldn't sit still. Party branch leadership, cooperative management, enterprise-driven, mass participation. Institutional innovation led the way; agriculture, forestry, culture, and tourism were integrated.

The village Party branch led the establishment of a cooperative and set up equity shares; abandoned land, gully land, and shoal land were transferred to enterprises; picking gardens, light shows, study tours — professional operation and maintenance.

The core of reform is interests. Joint construction and shared benefits — in Ansai's Nangou Village, the apples turned even redder.

In the golden autumn of 2022, the village's thousand-mu high-standard orchard was heavy with fruit. General Secretary Xi Jinping walked into the orchard, picked a big red apple, and encouraged everyone, saying, "This is agricultural modernization. You have found the right direction for industrial development."

"The General Secretary also said, the Communist Party in power exists to handle affairs for the common people, to do the common people's work well." On that day, Zhao Yongdong, a veteran Party member in the village, was right there on the spot. "Look at the farming families today — they go to the orchard to earn a wage, join the cooperative to get dividends. The gully is still the same gully, but life is completely different!"

(IV)

That rainstorm in Ansai's Nangou Village is now 13 years past.

Four successive village Party branch leadership teams have "run the relay race." Modern agriculture, eco-tourism, rural tourism — a 3,160-mu orchard carries the modern "golden carrying pole." In 2025, the village's per capita annual income exceeded 24,000 yuan, and collective village income reached 690,000 yuan.

Earlier this year, during the village Party organization election, Li Jinliang was elected secretary of the Ansai Nangou Village Party branch. With a thousand things to tackle, how to proceed? "Still that same sentence: Do the common people's work well."

Not long ago, the Party organization of Wuqi's Nangou Village also completed its election. The new village Party branch secretary is called Kuang Xiaofeng. Speaking of the "same-name brothers" Nangou Villages, both new secretaries laughed. Kuang Xiaofeng said, "Comparing, learning, catching up, and surpassing — it's all so that 'Nangou' is no longer 'difficult.'" Li Jinliang said, "Good brothers, we must forge ahead together!"

Today's Ansai Nangou Village is a China Beautiful Leisure Village and a model village for standardized construction of village-level Party organizations in Shaanxi Province. What about Wuqi's Nangou Village? A National Forest Village, a national pilot and model village for the Sloping Land Conversion Program, with a per capita annual income of nearly 20,000 yuan in 2025. The Party branches of both Nangou Villages are Advanced Grassroots Party Organizations of Shaanxi Province.

On the eve of the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party, General Secretary Xi Jinping visited Xiyujia Village, a "National Civilized Village" in Dezhou, Shandong, emphasizing that "the construction of village Party organizations is very important" and expressing the hope that "village Party organizations will further play the leading role of Party building."

Kuang Xiaofeng and Li Jinliang both watched the news. General Secretary Xi Jinping's words in Ansai's Nangou Village in 2022 surged once again in their hearts —

"For building a modern socialist country in all respects, the heaviest and most arduous tasks still lie in the countryside." "Accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, so that the lives of our fellow villagers become increasingly prosperous."

A thousand difficulties, ten thousand difficulties — with a strong Party organization, none are difficult.

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Forging Ahead with the Original Aspiration and Mission, Writing the Answer Sheet of the Times (Editorial)

The original aspiration is as firm as a rock; the mission is as blazing as a torch.

Having traversed hardship and glory, and marching toward a bright future, the century-old major party is in its prime, hundreds of millions of people are in high spirits, the new era of China stands firm and tall, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is an unstoppable force.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "We must sharpen our original aspiration and mission, persevere with constancy, 久久为功 (jiǔ jiǔ wéi gōng - "persist over a long time to achieve results," to make sustained and unremitting efforts), continue to answer well Yan'an's 'Cave-Dwelling Question,' and write an era-answering scroll worthy of the people."

Standing at the major historical juncture of the 105th anniversary of the Party's founding, shouldering the solemn responsibility entrusted by the era, the Chinese Communists of the new era are filled with ambition and pride.

"The Path of China" grows ever broader; we have greater resolve.

Over the past 105 years, our Party has successfully forged a bright path leading the Chinese people in the pursuit of a better and happier life.

From a state of disunity and fragmentation, a heap of loose sand, to a state of high unity and ethnic solidarity; from being poor and blank to leaping up to become the world's second-largest economy, the largest manufacturing country, and the largest trading country in goods, the Party has led the people in creating the miracle of rapid economic development and the miracle of long-term social stability. The Chinese nation has achieved a great leap from standing up, to growing rich, to becoming strong.

Especially over the past five years, we have withstood the severe impact of the once-in-a-century pandemic, effectively responded to a series of major risks and challenges, Chinese-style modernization has taken new solid steps, and the new journey toward the second centenary goal has gotten off to a good start.

Chinese-style modernization "is the broad avenue for building a strong country and achieving national rejuvenation, and it is also the necessary path for China to pursue human progress and global harmony." This is a new path for humanity's march toward modernization; this is a全新的 form of human civilization.

Seize the historical initiative; firmly uphold the "Four Consciousnesses." "We walk our own path; it has an incomparably broad stage, incomparably profound historical foundations, and incomparably strong forward resolve."

"The Truth of China" radiates the light of truth; we have greater strength.

The history of the Communist Party of China is a history of advancing the Sinicization of Marxism, of continuously enriching and developing Marxism, and it is also a history of using Marxist theory to understand and transform China.

Since the beginning of the new era, under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and especially Xi Jinping Thought on Party Building, the Party has become stronger and more resolute through revolutionary tempering, leading the people to overcome one difficulty and risk after another, and to create one miracle after another.

On the occasion of the 105th anniversary of the Party's founding, the Party Central Committee has made arrangements for studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Party Building. This thought provides the fundamental guidance and action guide for deeply advancing the great new project of Party building in the new era, and has significant practical and long-term guiding significance for strengthening the Party and the country.

Possessing the guidance of Marxist scientific theory is the fundamental basis for our Party to firmly uphold its faith and beliefs and to grasp the historical initiative.

Adhering to the "Two Integrations," scientifically answering the questions of China, the world, the people, and the era, the Party's innovative theories in the new era fully demonstrate the power of truth and the mighty force of practice on the new journey.

"The Governance of China" writes a new chapter; we have greater confidence.

From secretaries at five levels grasping poverty alleviation, mobilizing the entire Party to tackle tough challenges, to deepening east-west cooperation and carrying out normalized assistance, adhering to the principle of nationwide coordination and gathering greater driving force for forward development.

From formulating and implementing five-year plans, to leveraging the advantages of the new nationwide system for mobilizing resources, anchoring the established goals, "walking steadily step by step, advancing stage by stage."

Advancing amidst turbulent winds and towering waves, China's economy has braved the wind and waves, maintaining strong resilience and vitality. The total economic output has leaped to a new level of 140 trillion yuan. The key lies in fully, accurately, and comprehensively implementing the new development philosophy, developing new quality productive forces according to local conditions, accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system supported by the real economy, building a new development pattern, and promoting high-quality development.

Adhering to the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, upholding and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and better transforming institutional advantages into governance effectiveness, no force can stop the forward march of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation.

History and reality have irrefutably proven that without the Communist Party of China, there would be no New China, no happy life for the Chinese people, and no great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

From "irreversible" to "unstoppable," the "Two Establishments" fundamentally ensure that the historical trend of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation rolls forward, and are of decisive significance for us to cope with various risks and challenges and advance Chinese-style modernization on the new journey.

This year marks the beginning of the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" and also the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March.

"The new journey is a new Long March."

To achieve major breakthroughs in strategic tasks concerning the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and to win new victories in the great struggle with many new historical features, there are still many new "snowy mountains" and "grasslands" to cross, and new "Loushan Pass" and "Lazikou" to conquer. On the new journey, with General Secretary Xi Jinping at the helm, and under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, we will surely "walk well the Long March road of our generation."

Firmly uphold the belief in the inevitable victory of the righteous cause. Our Party walks the righteous path of the world, undertakes the righteous cause, and follows the general trend of history. Consciously use the Party's innovative theories of the new era to observe new situations, study new circumstances, and solve new problems, and with indomitable spirit, remove all obstacles and sweep away all roadblocks; then there will be no hurdle we cannot cross, no pass we cannot breach, and no task we cannot accomplish.

Forever preserve the original aspiration of seeking happiness for the people. Along the way, we have closely relied on the people to deliver one answer sheet after another that has been recorded in history. On the new journey, we must remember that the country is the people, and the people are the country; always breathe the same air, share the same fate, and be heart-to-heart with the people; take the people's aspiration for a better life as our goal of struggle; and promote the well-rounded development of the individual and common prosperity for all.

Strengthen the tenacity of "to reach the summit, one must not begrudge the toil." Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of stepwise progression and continuous development and progress. Firmly establish and practice a correct view of performance, carry forward the spirit of "achievements do not necessarily have to be made in my term, but must be made for my term," hold fast to the green mountain and never let go, paint the blueprint to the end, and forge ahead with concrete actions and real results; our goals will surely be achieved.

Dedicated to the eternal cause of the Chinese nation, and committed to the noble cause of human peace and development, the responsibility is immensely heavy, and the mission is supremely glorious. Comprehensively advancing Chinese-style modernization through high-quality development — the era is calling, and the people are expecting.

Adhering to the Party's leadership is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics. On the new journey, let us unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," resolutely achieve the "Two Upholds," vigorously promote the great founding spirit of the Party, remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind, forge ahead with vigor and determination, strive to create achievements worthy of the era, worthy of history, and worthy of the people, and create the glory of our generation for advancing the building of a strong country and the rejuvenation of the nation!

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Strengthen bottom-line and worst-case scenario thinking (Today's Commentary)

By: 邹 翔

"We must further raise ideological understanding and firmly establish bottom-line thinking and extreme thinking." The meeting of the Politburo of the Communist Party of China held on June 30 put forward clear requirements, providing important guidance for our work in flood control, drought relief, emergency rescue, and disaster relief in all areas.

Since the new era, the reason we have been able to effectively respond to the surging challenges that have arrived 接踵而至 (jiē zhǒng ér zhì - "heel to heel arrive," to come one after another) lies in one important aspect: being good at foreseeing and predicting various risks, estimating difficulties more fully, thinking about risks more deeply, making response plans with bottom-line thinking and extreme thinking, and continuously enhancing the security of development.

Currently, China has fully entered the flood season, and extreme weather and climate events will still be more frequent, with both drought and flood equally prominent. To win this hard battle of flood control and drought relief, the key is to think about risks in advance and do the work in detail. Improve the accuracy of monitoring and forecasting, comprehensively strengthen the management of river and lake flood discharge space, strengthen overall planning and pre-positioned deployment, improve rescue capabilities under extreme conditions… One more measure of 未雨绸缪 (wèi yǔ chóu móu - "repair the house before it rains," to take precautions) means one more measure of safety and initiative.

Bravely shoulder heavy burdens, charge ahead. The vast number of party cadres and party members should respond to the call of the Party Central Committee, always adhere to the concept of people first, and transform the sense of responsibility of "always being concerned" into action power of "having confidence in everything." This is a powerful practice of the original aspiration and mission, and it is even more a duty-bound responsibility that is 义不容辞 (yì bù róng cí - "duty does not allow refusal," to be duty-bound).

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Xi Jinping Holds Talks with Prime Minister of Pakistan Shehbaz Sharif

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Developmental Leader, Steadfast Major-Country Leader (The Way Forward)

By: 本报记者 白元琪

"President Xi Jinping is a development-oriented leader, a major-country leader with strategic resolve." Weirun Pichaironpanich (威伦·披差翁帕迪), Director of the Thailand Asia-Pacific Think Tank and Director of the Thai-China Belt and Road Research Center, said this in a recent interview with our reporter.

In November last year, the 2025 World Chinese Language Conference was held in Beijing. Weirun, together with young sinologists from multiple countries who had been invited to the conference, wrote a letter to President Xi Jinping. Weirun said: "In the letter, we combined our respective academic practices to write down our understanding of China's institutional logic, development experience, and cultural connotations."

In his reply, President Xi Jinping pointed out, "Sinology originates from China and belongs to the world; it is a common spiritual treasure of all humanity." He also encouraged them to "introduce a true, multidimensional, and comprehensive China to the world, and to act as envoys that connect Chinese and foreign civilizations."

"Receiving the reply deeply inspired me," Weirun said. "President Xi Jinping attaches great importance to international Chinese-language education. The reply further clarified the direction of my sinological research — through translation and theoretical interpretation, to clearly explain China's development practices and promote inter-civilization exchanges and mutual learning."

Weirun is the main translator of the Thai edition of the second volume of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China. In his view, Xi Jinping: The Governance of China intensively reflects the main content and scientific system of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and helps the international community gain a deeper understanding of the practical achievements and global significance of Chinese-style modernization. Weirun stated that during the translation process, he underwent a transformation from "linguistic conversion" to "ideological sublimation." "The profound thought in the book is the key point," Weirun said. President Xi Jinping's important expositions are not isolated concepts or simple policy lists; they are rooted in China's historical experience, political logic, governance practices, and cultural traditions. If one only stays at literal translation, it is difficult for readers to truly understand their connotations.

Weirun used "people-centeredness" as an example to explain: "People-centeredness is the fundamental governing philosophy of the Communist Party of China. Adhering to people-centeredness means constantly realizing the interests of the people by promoting better alignment between production relations and productive forces, and between the superstructure and the economic base. This concept is not an abstract slogan; it is the core logic running through China's national governance — that development is for the people, development relies on the people, and the fruits of development must ultimately be reflected in improving the quality of people's lives." He stated that "people-centeredness" is fully embodied in China's poverty alleviation, education development, medical security, comprehensive rural revitalization, and other fields. "The translation process is also a process in which I continuously deepen and enrich my understanding of China's development path."

Weirun has conducted multiple field investigations in China; these experiences have given him a more comprehensive understanding of the concepts in Xi Jinping: The Governance of China.

While visiting Azheke Village (阿者科村) in Yuanyang, Yunnan, Weirun noted that the area develops rural tourism relying on the World Cultural Heritage Hani Rice Terraces, achieving coordinated advancement of cultural protection and economic growth through "endogenous" development, with sustained growth of the village collective economy and marked improvement in villagers' incomes. In Weirun's view, "the standard for measuring development is not only economic aggregate, but more importantly, the degree of improvement in people's livelihoods such as education, healthcare, infrastructure, and employment opportunities." This has referential significance for Southeast Asian countries. "The important inspiration of Chinese-style modernization for Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries is that there is no single, fixed model of modernization. Countries can explore development paths that suit their national conditions based on their own historical and cultural characteristics and development stages. Development should not be built on dependency, and modernization should not come at the cost of sacrificing independence; instead, one should continuously enhance one's own capabilities through open cooperation," Weirun said.

"Historical development, civilizational prosperity, and human progress cannot be separated from the guidance of advanced thought." Weirun believes that China's proposed joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative and the four major global initiatives have brought opportunities for peaceful development to human civilization and contributed Chinese wisdom to world stability and prosperity. He spoke highly of the stability and certainty that high-quality joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative has injected into the development of regional countries. "The reason high-quality joint construction of the Belt and Road Initiative continuously achieves new results is that it starts from specific projects and accumulates steadily," Weirun said. Taking ASEAN-China cooperation as an example, he noted that economic and trade exchanges such as agricultural trade between the two sides continue, infrastructure connectivity is constantly strengthened, and cooperation extends to higher value-added fields, promoting regional cooperation from individual points to wider areas toward systematic synergy.

The concept of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness in neighborhood diplomacy (亲诚惠容周边外交理念) proposed by President Xi Jinping further enhances the sense of security of neighboring countries. "For Thailand, this 'sense of security' comes both from the continuity of China's policies and from the cooperation results that are continuously being implemented," Weirun said. As personnel exchanges and people-to-people and cultural interactions continue to deepen, Thailand-China cooperation is expanding from traditional economic and trade fields to higher levels. "The more concrete and sustainable the cooperation, the more real the sense of security becomes."

The 78th session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted by consensus a resolution proposed by China to establish an "International Day for Dialogue among Civilizations," designating June 10 as the International Day for Dialogue among Civilizations, marking the Global Civilization Initiative (全球文明倡议) taking root at the United Nations. Weirun believes that the Global Civilization Initiative provides a more inclusive cooperation framework for all countries, expanding the vision of global governance from the institutional and interest levels to the civilizational and value levels, prompting the international community to place greater emphasis on civilizational exchanges and mutual learning in promoting human peace, development, and cooperation.

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The CPC is always committed to promoting economic development and social equity (Overseas Perspectives: Echoes of a Century-old Party in the World)

By: 本报记者 时元皓

"The Chinese Communist Party has not only shaped China but has also profoundly influenced the world landscape." Ivone Silva, president of the Lula Institute of Brazil, recently said in an exclusive interview with our reporter. "Since its founding, the Chinese Communist Party has always been committed to promoting economic development and social equity. Its original aspiration and mission of seeking happiness for the people and rejuvenation for the nation are reflected in policies and concrete measures aimed at improving the quality of people's lives."

Silva believes that from the founding of the Chinese Communist Party amid domestic turmoil and foreign threats, to the Long March which embodied the spirit of tenacity and tenacious struggle, to the landmark founding of the People's Republic of China, and then to reform and opening up which truly set China on the path to prosperity and strength — these historical events "demonstrate the resilience of the Chinese Communist Party and its ability to constantly adjust and adapt when facing challenges."

Silva paid particular attention to China's poverty reduction practices: large-scale investment in infrastructure such as transportation and energy has promoted regional development and connectivity; more targeted development policies have been formulated based on the actual conditions of rural areas; sustained investment in vocational education has enabled more people to acquire skills that meet market demand; and ensuring that vulnerable groups can access opportunities to participate in economic development. Silva said that China's experience shows that through firm political commitment and strategic planning, positive results can definitely be achieved in the field of poverty reduction, and that Brazil and other Latin American countries can draw on China's experience in light of their actual circumstances to promote more inclusive and sustainable development.

In October last year, Silva led a delegation to visit Henan, China, and was deeply impressed by China's practice of comprehensively advancing rural revitalization. "The widespread application of advanced agricultural technologies such as drones and smart irrigation systems has greatly improved agricultural production efficiency," Silva said. She noted that during the implementation of agricultural projects, local residents were able to widely participate in development decisions, ensuring that plans met the actual needs of farmers. "This experience deepened my understanding of the Chinese Communist Party's people-centered development philosophy," Silva said. The Lula Institute will actively study these experiences and apply them to Brazil's own poverty alleviation and rural development policies.

During her visits and inspections in multiple locations across China, Silva deeply felt the convenience that China's technological development has brought to people's daily lives: the high-speed rail network covering the entire country has fundamentally changed the way people travel and has also boosted commercial activity and local economic development; artificial intelligence has been widely applied in fields such as healthcare and education, improving service efficiency and quality; the sustainable energy industry continues to develop, and the construction of electric vehicle-related infrastructure is helping to form a cleaner and more environmentally friendly mode of transportation. Silva said that the Chinese Communist Party guides economic and social development by formulating policies and guidelines, and designs corresponding governance measures through macroeconomic governance, thereby stimulating the endogenous动力 and creativity of the entire society.

In recent years, the Lula Institute has continuously strengthened cooperation with multiple Chinese research institutions. "This cooperation reflects the current trend of the international community in exploring new paths for global development," Silva said. "China actively participates in South-South cooperation mechanisms represented by the BRICS cooperation mechanism, promoting greater voice for developing countries in international affairs and moving the international order toward greater justice and balance."

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China Has Blazed a Distinctive Path to Modernization

By: 菲利克斯·巴尔迪维索

The exploration and achievements of Chinese-style modernization are leaving a vivid Eastern footnote in the annals of world modernization, injecting lasting positive momentum into global development.

In the year 2000, I set foot on Chinese soil for the first time as part of the visiting delegation of then-Spanish Prime Minister José María Aznar. Over twenty years have passed, and many details of that visit have gradually faded from memory, yet my overall understanding of China's development has continuously deepened amid the country's ever-changing progress.

The most profound feeling at that time was the palpable atmosphere of the era: the rapid renewal of urban landscapes, the constant influx of external things, China embracing the world with an open posture as vast as a hundred rivers flowing into the sea, and the curiosity and desire for exploration of the Chinese people being clearly perceptible. Looking back from the present, the journey of Chinese-style modernization has firm steps and a clear direction. China's development is by no means mere scale expansion; it is even more a deep-seated structural reshaping. From infrastructure upgrades to urban development and transformation, from the improvement of the industrial system to the enhancement of technological capabilities, China has gradually achieved a transformation from a follower to a leader. Today, independent innovation and systemic capability have become the keywords for the world to understand Chinese-style modernization, and China's development has completed a profound transition from single-point breakthroughs to systemic improvement, and from factor-driven to innovation-driven growth.

A factor often underestimated by outsiders in how China has achieved such astonishing results on the track of modernization is the continuity of its planning system. In the eyes of many Western observers, China's Five-Year Plans are more like policy statements. But in China's development practice, the Five-Year Plan is a cross-cycle strategic framework that combines both strategic guidance and operational feasibility, helping the country maintain policy stability over long-term development. The "15th Five-Year Plan" currently being advanced by China is a continuation of this governance logic. Its focus is not limited to the five-year cycle itself, but rather clarifies China's goal of basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035, committing to a substantial leap in economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength, comprehensive national power, and international influence.

Within the strategic framework of the Five-Year Plan, China has placed scientific and technological innovation in a prominent position in the overall development landscape, promoting the formation of a comprehensive layout where technological innovation and industrial innovation are deeply integrated. From artificial intelligence, quantum information, and life sciences to high-end manufacturing, new materials, and basic software, China is advancing scientific and technological breakthroughs in multiple key fields. Taking energy technology as an example, China's "artificial sun" has set a world record of "100 million degrees Celsius for a thousand seconds," which has profound significance for humanity's exploration of cutting-edge energy technologies. The same applies to fields such as chip design, high-end equipment, precision instruments, and bio-manufacturing. These fields together constitute an important pillar of the modern industrial system. Once breakthroughs are achieved, they will bring not just the progress of a single industry, but a systemic improvement in the foundational capabilities of the entire economic system.

The tremendous changes in China today can no longer be defined simply by development or progress. By deeply integrating into the global system and gradually forming independent development capabilities in multiple key areas, China has forged a path of modernization with its own characteristics that is continuously expanding. The exploration and achievements of Chinese-style modernization are leaving a vivid Eastern footnote in the annals of world modernization, injecting lasting positive momentum into global development.
(The author is the Director of the China Center at IE University, Spain)

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Wang Yi Holds Talks with Saudi Foreign Minister Faisal

BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) — (Reporter Ma Zhuoyan (马卓言)) Wang Yi, Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, held talks with Saudi Foreign Minister Faisal in Beijing on June 30.

Wang Yi stated that developing China-Saudi relations is a strategic choice made by President Xi Jinping, King Salman, and Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman, keeping in view the fundamental and long-term interests of the two peoples. China is willing to deepen strategic mutual trust with Saudi Arabia, maintain close communication and coordination, and continuously advance bilateral relations. China welcomes the opening of negotiations between the US and Iran and is willing to work with Saudi Arabia to continue making efforts for the region's 长治久安 (cháng zhì jiǔ ān - "long-term governance and enduring peace," lasting peace and stability).

Faisal stated that Saudi Arabia firmly adheres to the one-China principle and is willing to work with China to continuously enrich the connotation of bilateral relations. Saudi Arabia supports the series of global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping and appreciates the constructive role China has played in easing regional tensions.

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Wang Yi meets with UN Secretary-General candidate Espinosa

BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) -- Wang Yi, a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, met in Beijing on June 30 with María Fernanda Espinosa, candidate for the next United Nations Secretary-General, former President of the United Nations General Assembly, and former Foreign Minister of Ecuador.

Espinosa stated that China is an indispensable and important force on the international stage. She firmly adheres to the One-China principle and supports the four major global initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping. She expressed her willingness to work with the international community to play a greater role in addressing the common challenges facing all of humanity.

Wang Yi stated that the election of the next UN Secretary-General concerns not only the future direction of UN reform and development but also the vital interests of the broader membership. China will participate in the election process with a responsible attitude and support the UN in better playing its central and leading role in global governance.

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Regulations on Promoting Employment and Entrepreneurship for Retired Military Personnel Published

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 30 – Premier of the State Council Li Qiang recently signed a State Council decree, promulgating the "Regulations on Promoting Employment and Entrepreneurship for Retired Military Personnel" (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations"), effective from August 1, 2026.

The "Regulations" aim to promote employment and entrepreneurship for retired military personnel, leverage the role of retired military personnel as human resources, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and make the military a profession respected by the whole society. The "Regulations" consist of 6 chapters and 48 articles, mainly stipulating the following content.

First, clarifying overall requirements. The work on employment and entrepreneurship for retired military personnel adheres to the principle of combining universal benefits with preferential treatment, adopting a method that integrates government promotion, market guidance, and social support to encourage and assist retired military personnel in employment and entrepreneurship. It guides retired military personnel to establish a correct concept of career selection, and promotes high-quality and full employment for retired military personnel through measures such as education and training, employment support, and entrepreneurship assistance. It clarifies the division of responsibilities for relevant units.

Second, establishing education and training policies. The state takes measures to strengthen education and training for retired military personnel. Retired military personnel participating in national education examinations and receiving academic education shall enjoy preferential treatment and financial aid policies in accordance with relevant state regulations. The state incorporates vocational skills training for retired military personnel into the lifelong vocational skills training policy and organizational implementation system, and sets requirements for adaptive training, free vocational skills training, and training subsidies.

Third, improving employment preferential measures. When recruiting or hiring personnel, state organs, mass organizations, public institutions, and state-owned enterprises may appropriately relax the age and educational requirements for retired military personnel, and give priority to recruiting and hiring retired military personnel under equal conditions. Local governments shall establish a certain number of grassroots civil servant positions specifically for recruiting retired military personnel who are college graduates and have served on active duty for a full five years. It clarifies preferential policies for retired military personnel in the recruitment of county and township public institutions in remote and difficult areas, and in special positions such as firefighters in the national comprehensive fire rescue team.

Fourth, optimizing entrepreneurship support measures. It clarifies support policies such as tax, financing, and credit for retired military personnel starting businesses. Local people's governments at or above the county level shall support and guide retired military personnel with entrepreneurial intentions and training needs to participate in entrepreneurship training. It encourages retired military personnel to engage in entrepreneurial innovation.

In addition, corresponding legal responsibilities are specified for acts that violate the provisions of the "Regulations."

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UNCLOS Assessment Report Released

Beijing, June 30 (People's Daily) — (Reporter Bao Han (包晗)) On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of China becoming a State Party to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, the Chinese and English versions of the "Assessment Report on the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea: Achievements, Positioning, and Challenges" compiled by the Institute of Marine Development Strategy of the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部海洋发展战略研究所) were released to the public on June 30. The report provides a comprehensive assessment of the Convention's historical achievements, legal nature, role positioning, and the problems and challenges it faces.

The report holds that the Convention is an important achievement of post-war international rule of law in maritime affairs, has played a significant role in upholding multilateralism, opposing maritime hegemonism, promoting maritime cooperation, and advancing sustainable development of the ocean, has established an open and inclusive legal framework, and has been continuously developed and improved through subsequent implementing agreements.

The report emphasizes that the Convention does not cover all issues in the field of the law of the sea and is not the sole source of the law of the sea. Matters not regulated by the Convention should continue to be governed by the rules and principles of general international law. Other international organizations, such as the International Maritime Organization, also regulate maritime affairs in their respective fields through their own legal instruments. Customary international law continues to play an irreplaceable normative role in maritime affairs, and matters such as historic rights and distant-sea archipelagos are governed by it.

The report points out that the Convention faces some inherent difficulties and external challenges in its implementation. For example, some provisions are vaguely worded and prone to ambiguity; new issues such as climate change and the development of high technologies such as artificial intelligence exceed the foresight of the Convention's drafters at the time. Practical disorders such as misinterpretation of provisions, excessive litigation and arbitrary adjudication, and overstepping and expanding authority undermine the seriousness, integrity, and authority of the Convention.

The report brings together representative academic commentaries from well-known international law and law of the sea experts and scholars from more than 10 countries including the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Greece, Switzerland, Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Canada, and Chile; cites public writings and speeches of professionals from institutions such as the International Court of Justice and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea; and is supplemented by international judicial precedents, as well as official documents and formal publications of the United Nations and its specialized agencies.

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Wang Yi to Visit Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Norway

BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) — Foreign Ministry Spokesperson announced on June 30 that at the invitation of Danish Foreign Minister Lars Løkke Rasmussen, Swedish Foreign Minister Maria Malmer Stenergard, Finnish Foreign Minister Elina Valtonen, and Norwegian Foreign Minister Espen Barth Eide, Wang Yi, Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, will visit Denmark, Sweden, Finland, and Norway from July 2 to 8.

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Reception Held in Beijing to Mark 50th Anniversary of China-Seychelles Diplomatic Relations and Seychelles' Independence

Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, June 30 (Xinhua) — On June 30, the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (中国人民对外友好协会) and the Seychelles Embassy in China jointly hosted a reception in Beijing to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Seychelles and the 50th anniversary of Seychelles' independence. Cai Dafeng, Vice Chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会), and Agre, Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly of Seychelles, attended the reception.

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Cuba holds event to celebrate 105th anniversary of CPC founding

According to Xinhua News Agency, Havana, June 29 (Reporters Jiang Biao, Chen Haoquan) The Communist Party of Cuba and the Cuban government held a grand gathering on the 29th at the Palace of the Revolution in the capital, Havana, to celebrate the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China and commemorate the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March.

Cuban Communist Party First Secretary and President of the State Miguel Díaz-Canel and other Cuban party and government leaders, Chinese Ambassador to Cuba Hua Xin, representatives of Chinese enterprises, overseas Chinese, and Chinese students, as well as diplomatic envoys from various countries and friendly personages from all walks of life, totaling approximately 200 people, attended the event.

In his address, Lozada, head of the International Relations Department of the Communist Party of Cuba Central Committee, highly commended the Communist Party of China for uniting and leading the Chinese people in achieving great accomplishments, demonstrating the immense superiority of the socialist system. Cuba is willing to work hand in hand with China to jointly promote the prosperous development of the socialist cause.

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Fourth China-CEEC Spokespersons Dialogue Held in Beijing

Beijing, June 30 (People's Daily) — (Reporter Xie Jianing (谢佳宁)) The Fourth China–Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC) Spokespersons Dialogue was held in Beijing on June 29. More than 20 spokespersons from our country and Central and Eastern European countries gathered together to engage in in-depth exchanges around the theme "Press Release and the Modernization Process."

The participating guests indicated that the friendly relations between China and Central and Eastern European countries are 源远流长 (yuǎn yuǎn liú cháng – "source distant, flow long," long-established) and 历久弥新 (lì jiǔ mí xīn – "through time, becomes even newer," enduring and ever new). The cooperation between the two sides covers a broad range of areas and is of high quality, promoting common development and enhancing the well-being of the people. Both China and the Central and Eastern European countries attach great importance to the work of press release. Especially against the backdrop of the current complex and volatile international situation, the iterative upgrading of artificial intelligence, and the rapid evolution of the media ecosystem, the importance of releasing authoritative information through press releases has become even more prominent. Strengthening experience sharing and dialogue and exchange is of positive significance for enhancing understanding and making joint progress.

The participating guests believed that spokespersons should play a role as bridges and bonds, vividly tell the stories of each country's modernization development, showcase the achievements of China–CEEC cooperation, convey the concepts of peace, development, cooperation, and win-win outcomes, and inject positive energy into regional peace, stability, and prosperous development.

The participating guests advocated improving the information release mechanism for public emergencies, enhancing the professional level of crisis communication, and effectively responding to the concerns of all parties through proactive, timely, accurate, and authoritative information releases. The participating guests supported exploring the rational application of artificial intelligence in areas such as information release and dissemination, and reaffirmed their commitment to upholding journalistic ethics and professional standards, as well as maintaining the authority and credibility of press releases. The participating guests proposed institutionalizing and regularizing the China–CEEC Spokespersons Dialogue, promoting pragmatic exchanges, facilitating people-to-people exchanges, strengthening mutual learning and mutual understanding, and continuously improving professional capabilities and the level of cooperation.

This dialogue was hosted by the State Council Information Office (国务院新闻办公室). Spokespersons from Central and Eastern European countries will also visit Beijing, Zhejiang, Shanghai, and other places for exchanges.

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Chinese-built UAE's first passenger railway begins trial operation

DUBAI, June 30 (Xinhua) — On June 30, the first passenger railway in the United Arab Emirates — the Etihad Passenger Railway — commenced trial operations. The project was constructed with the participation of multiple Chinese enterprises, including China Railway International, CRRC Corporation, PowerChina, and China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation.

The initial phase of the Etihad Passenger Railway, operating on the Abu Dhabi to Fujairah route, has a total travel time of approximately 1 hour and 45 minutes. According to the plan, the railway will connect 11 cities and regions across all seven emirates of the UAE, with a total of 11 passenger stations. It is projected that by 2030, annual passenger volume will reach 36 million.

Zeng Jixin, Chinese Ambassador to the UAE, stated that this project fills a gap in the UAE's national railway passenger transport infrastructure. It is a landmark achievement of high-quality China-UAE cooperation in jointly building the Belt and Road (yī dài yī lù - "One Belt, One Road," a reference to the Belt and Road Initiative) and provides a successful example of deepening the comprehensive strategic partnership and advancing pragmatic cooperation across various fields between the two countries.

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Modern Water Transport System Accelerates Construction (Official Release)

By: 本报记者 韩 鑫

Water transport is an important component of the comprehensive transportation system. On June 30, the State Council Information Office held a press conference, where Li Xinghu, Vice Minister of Transport, and others briefed on the progress of promoting high-quality development of water transport.

"In 2025, China's waterway cargo turnover reached nearly 15 trillion tonne-kilometers, accounting for more than half of the comprehensive transportation system," Li Xinghu stated. Since the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China's water transport sector has achieved historic accomplishments and breakthrough progress.

Infrastructure has reached a new level. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, 469 new berths of 10,000-tonne class or above were added, bringing the total to 3,061. Three world-class port clusters—in the Bohai Rim, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area—have been basically completed. The length of high-grade waterways increased by 2,500 kilometers, reaching 18,500 kilometers. A number of major projects, such as the Pinglu Canal (平陆运河), have been implemented, accelerating the clearing of bottlenecks and choke points in inland waterways.

Transport services have achieved new breakthroughs. China's international maritime shipping volume accounts for one-third of global shipping volume. In 2025, China's port cargo throughput was 18.3 billion tonnes, and container throughput was 354 million TEUs. The Chinese-owned maritime fleet reached 490 million deadweight tonnes. All of these figures firmly rank first in the world.

Transformation and upgrading have taken new steps. A total of 60 automated terminals have been built and put into operation nationwide, including 30 automated container terminals. The length of China's electronic navigation chart network published has reached nearly 20,000 kilometers, and a "single chart" (一张图) for the Yangtze River waterway electronic navigation chart, connecting trunk and branch lines and integrating rivers and seas, has been basically completed. Chinese vessel owners operate more than 1,500 new-energy and clean-energy vessels, a fleet size ranking among the top in the world.

Opening up and cooperation have opened a new局面. A total of 74 bilateral and multilateral maritime transport agreements have been signed, and a formal maritime cooperation mechanism has been established with an African country for the first time. Work is currently being accelerated to establish an International Green Shipping Corridor Alliance and to promote cooperation on 22 international green shipping corridors.

"During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, China's water transport industry will enter a new phase of modernization development—a period of leapfrogging to build world-class ports, a period of tackling key challenges to strengthen the connectivity of the inland water transport system, and a critical period for building a safe development system for international maritime transport," Li Xinghu stated. He said efforts will focus on promoting integrated development, enhancing safety, upgrading digital and intelligent capabilities, and advancing green transformation to accelerate the construction of a modern water transport system.

What new highlights will there be in national water transport construction during the 15th Five-Year Plan period?

In terms of major projects: "Represented by the Pinglu Canal and the New Three Gorges Water Transport Channel (三峡水运新通道), a batch of landmark water transport projects are being accelerated. In addition, other major water transport projects, such as the Minjiang River Navigation-Power Comprehensive Development Project in Sichuan and the Wujiang Baima Navigation-Power Hub Project, are also being advanced in an orderly manner," said Yang Huaxiong, Director of the Water Transport Bureau of the Ministry of Transport. He indicated that during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the construction of inland water transport nationwide will be further accelerated.

In terms of port construction: The construction of automated terminals will be accelerated. By the end of the 15th Five-Year Plan period, it is expected that China will have over 90 automated terminals and more than 350 berths of 10,000-tonne class or above. Various types of intelligent loading/unloading and horizontal transport equipment will see large-scale application, and a number of large-scale digital and intelligent port areas with higher levels of automation, capable of handling "tens of millions of TEUs" or "hundreds of millions of tonnes," will be built.

In terms of maritime safety regulation: Xu Wei, Director of the Maritime Safety Administration of the Ministry of Transport, introduced that a number of landmark projects will be implemented to create a comprehensive, three-dimensional regulatory and law enforcement force integrating intelligent vessel traffic management systems, large maritime patrol vessels, systematic unmanned maritime and aerial equipment, and diverse satellite resources, continuously reducing the number of water traffic accidents.

In terms of maritime emergency support: Wang Lei, Director of the Rescue and Salvage Bureau of the Ministry of Transport, stated that efforts will be accelerated to build an efficient aerial rescue system, a surface salvage vessel system, and an underwater unmanned intelligent salvage equipment system, comprehensively enhancing "maritime and aerial" emergency support capabilities. By the end of the 15th Five-Year Plan period, China's professional maritime rescue and salvage forces are expected to achieve an emergency arrival time of less than 90 minutes within 100 nautical miles offshore, and the overall salvage capability for sunken ships in waters shallower than 100 meters will be increased to 150,000 tonnes.

July 11 this year marks the 22nd China Navigation Day, with the theme "Digital Intelligence Empowers, Navigating the Future." Li Xinghu introduced that the organizing committee will hold a main event in Beijing for the first time, in both online and offline formats. Concurrently, events such as rescue and salvage skills competitions, navigation safety governance dialogues, and special waterway passenger routes themed around China Navigation Day will be launched.

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Seize the Historical Initiative to Achieve National Rejuvenation

By: 任仲平

The Communist Party of China was born. This is one of the greatest historic events of the 20th century.

Today, the Communist Party of China, having traversed a magnificent 105-year journey, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, is leading billions of people in striding forward on the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country.

"Over the past 105 years, our Party has united and led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups in unremitting struggle, creating great achievements worthy of history and the people." General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized, "We must work together to walk the new Long March well, create a brighter future, and continuously meet the people's aspirations for a better life."

As a century-old major party, it stands 砥柱中流 (dǐ zhù zhōng liú - "pillar in the midstream," standing firm as a bulwark), 风华正茂 (fēng huá zhèng mào - "in the prime of youth and talent," at the peak of vigor), with its original aspiration and mission 矢志不渝 (shǐ zhì bù yú - "sworn not to change," unwavering in commitment) and 历久弥坚 (lì jiǔ mí jiān - "becoming firmer with age," more determined over time).

Why is the Communist Party of China capable?

On the eve of July 1, groups of Party members and the public visited the Museum of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党历史展览馆) to seek answers from the Party's history of unremitting struggle, history of fearing no sacrifice, history of theoretical exploration, history of benefiting the people, and history of self-construction.

Before the giant sign reading "I will have no self, and live up to the people," people paused and pondered, as if hearing the solemn declarations of General Secretary Xi Jinping—

"The people's aspiration for a better life is our goal of struggle."

"I am willing to achieve a state of 'selflessness' and dedicate myself to China's development."

"Offend thousands of people, but not fail 1.4 billion."

On the new journey of the new era, socialist China stands towering, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable.

Standing at the forefront of the times, looking back at the 105-year journey, deeply studying and comprehending Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially Xi Jinping's thought on Party building (习近平党建思想), we can more profoundly understand why our Party has been able to maintain vigorous vitality and exuberant energy, unite and lead the people to accomplish and advance four great undertakings, write the most magnificent epic in the millennia-long history of the Chinese nation, and create great miracles in the history of human development—

During the period of the New Democratic Revolution, it 开天辟地 (kāi tiān pì dì - "open heaven and split earth," epoch-making) accomplished the great undertaking of saving the nation; during the period of socialist revolution and construction, it 改天换地 (gǎi tiān huàn dì - "change heaven and earth," earth-shaking) accomplished the great undertaking of revitalizing the nation; during the new period of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, it 翻天覆地 (fān tiān fù dì - "overturn heaven and earth," world-shaking) advanced the great undertaking of enriching the nation; in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, it 惊天动地 (jīng tiān dòng dì - "startle heaven and shake earth," earth-shattering) is advancing the great undertaking of building a strong nation.

"Profoundly changed the direction and course of the development of the Chinese nation in modern times, profoundly changed the future and destiny of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation, and profoundly changed the trends and patterns of world development."

(二)

A great era gives birth to scientific thought, and scientific thought leads innovative practice.

Xi Jinping's thought on Party building (习近平党建思想) distinctly puts forward the "Ten Persistences and Four Completions" (十四个坚持), including that upholding the Party's leadership is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and it is the fundamental guideline for strengthening Party building in the new era.

This thought profoundly answers the major era question of what kind of long-term governing Marxist party to build and how to build it, makes major original contributions to the development of Marxist party-building theory, and has significant practical significance and long-term guiding importance for strengthening the Party and the country.

The National Conference on Party Building Work held on June 15 emphasized that studying and implementing Xi Jinping's thought on Party building is an important political task for the entire Party for the current and future periods.

Advancing Party building as a great project, and always adhering to the principle and policy that the Party must supervise itself and govern itself strictly, is a great innovation of our Party and also a great magic weapon for establishing the Party and the country, and for strengthening the Party and the country.

Looking across the world, no other political party takes its own construction as seriously as the Communist Party of China. "This is our Party's salient advantage and also the winning way to lead the times."

Thought is the banner, the direction.

It reflects the spirit of the times, grasps the laws of development, and is rich in creativity.

After the 18th National Congress of the Party, General Secretary Xi Jinping distinctly put forward "comprehensively governing the Party with strict discipline" (全面从严治党), and placed it alongside comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society, comprehensively deepening reform, and comprehensively governing the country according to law, forming the strategic layout of the "Four Comprehensives" (四个全面).

In response to the problems of weakening, diluting, and fading of the implementation of Party leadership that once existed, he distinctly proposed that "upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the highest political principle," making the entire Party more unified in thought, more united politically, and more consistent in action;

In the face of the once loose and soft situation in Party management and governance, he embodied the requirement of strictness in all aspects and links of Party management and governance, advancing the construction of a clean and honest Party and the fight against corruption with unprecedented courage and resolve...

Deeply advancing the great new project of Party building in the new era, the Party's ability to purify itself, perfect itself, reform itself, and enhance itself has been significantly strengthened, and the Party's political leadership, thought leadership, mass organization, and social appeal have been significantly enhanced.

The core is the soul, the strength.

With such a large Party and such a large country, if there is no authority of the Party Central Committee to make the final decision and set the single standard, there would be a situation of each going his own way and acting at will, and then nothing could be accomplished.

"Maintaining the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is a major founding principle of a mature Marxist ruling party."

This year marks the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March.

The Zunyi Conference in 1935, "a life-and-death turning point" in Party history, began to establish the leadership position of the correct Marxist line represented mainly by Comrade Mao Zedong in the Party Central Committee, and began to form the Party's first generation of central leadership collective with Comrade Mao Zedong at its core.

"At the most critical moment, it saved the Party, saved the Red Army, and saved the Chinese revolution."

Entering the new era, the complexity of the situation facing the Party and the country, the severity of the struggle, and the arduousness of the tasks of reform, development, and stability are rare in the world and rare in history.

It is precisely because of the establishment of Comrade Xi Jinping's core position on the Party Central Committee and in the entire Party, and the establishment of the guiding position of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (the "Two Establishments" (两个确立)), that the Party has been able to forcefully resolve prominent contradictions and problems affecting its long-term governance, the long-term stability of the country, and the well-being and happiness of the people, eliminate serious hidden dangers within the Party, the country, and the military, and fundamentally ensure that the fate of the country's development and progress is firmly in the hands of the Chinese people.

The "Two Establishments" are a major political achievement of the Party in the new era, and they are the greatest certainty, the greatest confidence, and the greatest guarantee for us to overcome all difficulties and dangers and cope with all uncertainties.

No matter the circumstances, why can the Party always grasp the historical initiative?

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The Long March went over high mountains and steep ridges, crossed great rivers and dangerous rapids, and traversed grasslands and wilderness, but every march, every breakout, and every battle was undertaken from the overall strategic situation, winning both the war and the strategic initiative."

Connecting history, reality, and the future, establishing historical thinking and strategic thinking, grasping the historical initiative and achieving great rejuvenation—these are the thought methods and work methods that the General Secretary has taught us.

"Keep in mind the 'Two Overall Situations' (两个大局): one is the strategic overall situation of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and the other is the great change not seen in a hundred years in the world. This is the basic starting point for our planning of work."

From the moment it stepped onto the Chinese political stage, the Party has been striving unremittingly for its original aspiration and mission. "The Chinese nation began its difficult but irreversible march toward great rejuvenation."

Creating a new era, embarking on a new journey, successfully advancing and expanding Chinese-style modernization. The contrast between "governance in China and chaos in the West" is stark, and the historical trend of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable.

Reality comes step by step from history. The General Secretary summarized the relationship between the two overall situations in the Party's struggle as follows—

Forging New China "opened a new epoch in the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation" and "greatly changed the world political pattern."

Completing socialist revolution and advancing socialist construction "laid the fundamental political prerequisite and institutional foundation for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation," and greatly strengthened the forces of world socialism.

Advancing reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, the Chinese nation caught up with the times in big strides, "not only profoundly changing China but also profoundly influencing the world."

Observing the era, grasping the era, and leading the era with Marxist scientific theory, formulating and implementing correct political strategies and tactics, the Communist Party of China firmly grasped the historical initiative and became an important force in promoting the positive evolution and benign interaction of the two overall situations.

"Seek happiness for the Chinese people, rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, and also progress for humanity and harmony for the world." From this, we can more deeply grasp the great logic by which the Communist Party of China seizes the historical initiative and advances the great cause.

(三)

Seeking happiness for the Chinese people, the Communist Party of China fundamentally changed the future and destiny of the Chinese people, and with its persistently upheld people-first principle and practice, profoundly influenced the direction of global modernization.

"Adhering to the people first" is an important embodiment of the worldview and methodology of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the standpoints, viewpoints, and methods that run through it.

From leading the people to overthrow the "three great mountains" to developing whole-process people's democracy, ensuring that the people are always the masters of the country, society, and their own destiny;

From basically solving the problem of food and clothing on the basis of a poor and blank foundation to winning the battle against poverty on schedule and completing the building of a moderately prosperous society on schedule, steadily promoting common prosperity...

The history of the Communist Party of China is a history of fulfilling its original aspiration and mission, a history of connecting hearts, breathing together, and sharing destinies with the people.

Why did the Communist Party of China emerge as the times required, and the Chinese people shift from passivity to initiative in spirit?

Adhering to the people-centered approach, always taking the people's stance as the fundamental stance, taking seeking happiness for the people as the fundamental mission, and adhering to the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly—this is the foundation for the Party's founding, development, and strength, and the fundamental reason why the Party leads the Chinese people to create great history with a historical initiative spirit.

The "one river and one creek" contain unchanging concern, reflecting the unremitting pursuit of putting people first and prioritizing people's livelihood.

In Shanghai, the Huangpu River and Suzhou Creek flow through the city. Once, the polluted, ink-like Suzhou Creek water and the soy sauce-colored Huangpu River water met at Hongkou, forming "two waters in one."

From the first shot in the black and malodorous water treatment in the 1980s to the continuous promotion of the opening and functional expansion of public spaces along the banks with the highest standards and best quality since the "14th Five-Year Plan"...

From "facing the river but not seeing the river" in the past to "closer to the water and more intimate with the water" now, the "one river and one creek" in Shanghai has transformed into a world-class window for ecological civilization construction and green development. Scholars bluntly say that such a long-distance, large-scale waterfront bank connection project "is not found in other cities in the world."

The rebirth of the "one river and one creek" is precisely a deep practice of the people's city concept, fulfilling the promise of "leaving the best resources to the people."

To benefit the people, one must plan for the long term.

From Shanghai to the whole country, in the governance of great rivers, in the strategy of coordinated regional development, there is a forward-looking layout and strategic planning for realizing, safeguarding, and developing the fundamental interests of the vast majority of the people.

Peaceful rivers have been the aspiration of the Chinese people for thousands of years. Once, "the Yangtze River was sick, and quite seriously" and "the Yellow River has always been frail and sickly, with frequent floods."

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Following the development strategy of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, we proposed the ecological protection and high-quality development strategy of the Yellow River Basin, and the country's 'river strategy' was established."

"Jointly promote major protection, not major development." Over the past decade, the proportion of good-quality water in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has increased from 67% to 96.5%. Determine cities by water, determine land by water, determine population by water, determine output by water, rationally plan population, cities, and industrial development. The regional GDP has more than doubled, and its share of the national total has risen from 42.2% to 47.3%.

Committed to "making the Yellow River a river that benefits the people," fight the hard battle in the "several bends" of the Yellow River, integrally promote the protection and governance of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and build an ecological barrier.

In today's China, production space, living space, and ecological space benefit each other and prosper together; water and people, water and cities, people and nature coexist harmoniously... The "river strategy" plans not just one river, but the happiness and well-being of the people and the sustainable development of the Chinese nation.

"What is the Communist Party for? It is to serve the people, to seek rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. So we must constantly see what matters need to be handled well and what matters must be handled faster."

Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," from the Tao River water diversion project allowing nearly 6 million people to drink clean and sweet Tao River water, to the Pinglu Canal connecting the river and the sea striving to become a "happy river" that revitalizes industry and enriches the people, to forming the world's largest, most comprehensive, and most beneficial water conservancy infrastructure system...

Every drop surges and rushes, nourishing the people, with the original aspiration unchanged.

Different political parties in the world have very different pursuits, and some also strive for the interests of the people. Why is it only the Communist Party of China that brings historic changes to the people and leads them to epic progress?

"Wholehearted" and "all the people" are the keys to understanding the Communist Party of China.

"Adhere to doing everything for the people, relying on the people; adhere to governing for the people and relying on the people; adhere to development for the people, development relying on the people, and development achievements shared by the people; unswervingly follow the path of common prosperity for all the people";

"Seek both material abundance and spiritual enrichment," "fully stimulate the historical initiative spirit of all the people."

The people are the fundamental force creating history and the mainstay of Chinese-style modernization.

Taking the people's aspiration for a better life as the goal of struggle, making the achievements of modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly, the Party's leadership consolidates the mighty force for building Chinese-style modernization.

Ultimately, whether the path of modernization can be followed and walked steadily depends on whether it adheres to the people-centered principle.

In March 2023, at the high-level dialogue between the Communist Party of China and world political parties, General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "We must adhere to the people-first principle and highlight the people-oriented nature of modernization."

"China's governance model is people-centered and strategically visionary, providing a convincing example for countries to deal with complex global challenges," said Gyula Thürmer, Chairman of the Hungarian Workers' Party.

"The country is the people, and the people are the country." This is the logical starting point for understanding the Chinese Communists, and also an important revelation that the Communist Party of China brings to the world.

(四)

Seeking rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, the Communist Party of China has successfully led the people to open up Chinese-style modernization as the only correct path, propelling the Chinese nation toward great rejuvenation with unstoppable momentum, becoming a key factor affecting the direction of the century-old global transformation.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "After the Opium War in 1840, the Chinese nation also experienced a great change not seen in centuries. Since then, China's situation has gone from bad to worse, and the Chinese nation fell into the abyss of near national subjugation and extinction! Now it is completely different; the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has shown unprecedented bright prospects."

From "a scene of decline and decay" to "a scene of thriving vitality," looking back over the more than 5,000-year history of Chinese civilization, no political force has been able to promote the development of the Chinese nation as profoundly and historically as the Communist Party of China.

"Chinese-style modernization is the answer we have given to the major historical question of how to awaken the 'sleeping lion' and achieve national rejuvenation."

The light of truth illuminates the road to rejuvenation.

From the scientific guidance of Chinese-style modernization theory, one can further "understand why we succeeded in the past and how we can continue to succeed in the future."

Deeply implement the new development concept, guide and promote changes in quality, efficiency, and driving forces, and strive to solve the principal contradiction in Chinese society;

Creatively put forward the theory of new quality productive forces, aiming to solve the problem of greater driving forces for high-quality and sustainable development, providing strong kinetic energy for Chinese-style modernization;

Propose to perfect the new national system under the conditions of the socialist market economy, aiming to solve the "bottleneck" problem, providing institutional support for building a strong nation in science and technology by 2035;

Make the strategic decision to create a new development pattern, aiming to solve the problems of development security and stability, becoming the path choice for China's economic modernization;

...

In his report to the 20th National Congress of the Party, General Secretary Xi Jinping summarized and deeply expounded the theory of Chinese-style modernization, which is a major innovation in world modernization theory and practice, with milestone significance in human civilization history.

Facing the new questions posed by China's questions, the world's questions, the people's questions, and the era's questions, continuously providing answers from the combination of theory and practice, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era shows even greater, more convincing theoretical strength and practical power.

China's roads, China's bridges, China's cars, China's ports, China's networks... From the "national thoroughfares" since the new era, especially the past five years, in the perspective of Chinese-style modernization, one can deeply grasp the internal logic that the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unstoppable.

Look at China's roads: the operating mileage of high-speed railways exceeds 50,000 kilometers, and the total mileage of expressways exceeds 191,000 kilometers...

The overlapping effects of the coordinated regional development strategy, major regional strategies, main functional area strategy, and new-type urbanization strategy, with efficient intertwining of people flow, logistics, and information flow, provide strong momentum for high-quality development.

Look at China's bridges: The Huajiang Grand Canyon Bridge in Guizhou, "the first in the world both horizontally and vertically," spans the "Earth's crack"; the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Link, integrating "bridge, island, tunnel, and underwater interchange," becomes the traffic "aorta" of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area...

Leveraging the advantage of the new national system, concentrate forces for original and leading scientific and technological breakthroughs; China has become a global innovation laboratory and a crucial engine.

Look at China's cars: The CR450 high-speed train set refreshes "China's speed," consolidating and expanding the world-leading advantage of high-speed rail technology; production and sales of new energy vehicles exceeded 16 million units, ranking first in the world for 11 consecutive years.

With the real economy as the foundation, build a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone. "In recent years, China's economy has weathered storms, maintained strong resilience and vitality."

Look at China's ports: Among the world's top ten ports in terms of freight throughput and container throughput, Chinese ports account for eight and six spots respectively.

Create a new development pattern, steadily expand high-level opening up, continuously shape new advantages in international economic cooperation and competition, and continuously inject new momentum into the global economy.

Look at China's networks: The coverage of the national water network has reached 80.3% of the country's land area; 5G base stations cover all prefecture-level cities and county towns nationwide... Facing the "15th Five-Year Plan," the pace of planning and construction of the "six networks" has accelerated.

Adhere to the strategic foundation of expanding domestic demand, build a strong domestic market, and China's development is driven by strong endogenous momentum.

A country with over a billion people, in the spatiotemporal compression of "covering centuries in decades," has created the world-renowned "two miracles" — this is an unprecedented great achievement.

How did the Communist Party of China achieve this?

The goal of struggle leads the great journey.

The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee adjusted and developed "comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society" into "comprehensively building a modern socialist country"; the 20th National Congress of the Party made the "two-step" strategic arrangement for comprehensively building a strong socialist modern country...

From the "First Five-Year Plan" to the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan," the consistent theme is to build China into a modern socialist country. "Advancing stage by stage," we have developed from "importing matches, soap, and iron" to becoming "the world's largest manufacturing country with the most complete industrial categories."

"The 'Two Integrations' (两个结合) are the greatest magic weapon for our success."

"Without the five-thousand-year Chinese civilization, how could we have today's successful path?"
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"Building a modern country cannot follow the old path of the United States and Europe"; unswervingly follow the path of civilized development featuring production development, affluent life, and good ecology;

Adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" in the new era, promote the "Six-Foot-Lane Work Method in the New Era," combine the cultural connotation of "harmony" (和) with grassroots governance practice, and improve the diversified mechanism for resolving social conflicts;

...

Let all the people march toward modernization together, let everyone live a good life, let people's material and spiritual worlds be equally rich, let humans and nature coexist harmoniously...

Chinese-style modernization is "not only correct and passable, but also stable and well-walked."

Today, we are closer to, more confident in, and more capable of achieving the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history.

Adhere to the unchanged path and unwavering ambition. "No force can stop the progress of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation."

(五)

Seeking progress for humanity and harmony for the world, the Communist Party of China leads the people to walk a broad road, opening a new path for humanity's march toward modernization, creating a new form of human civilization, and proposing the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind, which has become a shining banner guiding the progress of the times and promoting the bright prospect of peace, security, prosperity, and progress in the world.

"Adhering to a global vision" is a historical experience of the Communist Party of China's unremitting struggle and a theoretical quality of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that the "15th Five-Year Plan" "draws a blueprint for China's development in the next five years and also provides a 'list of opportunities' for the world."

One important feature of Chinese-style modernization is adhering to peaceful development, seeking its own development while firmly maintaining world peace and development, and better maintaining world peace and development through its own development, promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.

"It has solved many difficulties in the development of human society, abandoned the Western old path of modernization centered on capital, modernization with polarization, modernization with material expansion, and modernization with external expansion and plunder, expanded the path for developing countries to achieve modernization, and provided a Chinese solution for humanity's exploration of better social systems."

With the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, Global Civilization Initiative, and Global Governance Initiative (全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议、全球治理倡议) as strategic guidance, and with the high-quality joint construction of the Belt and Road as a practical platform... Building a community with a shared future for mankind is "the Chinese solution to what kind of world to build and how to build it."

From the values of the Chinese solution, one can deeply grasp the global vision of the Chinese Communists in the new era.

Harmonious coexistence with shared growth: "China's culture of 'harmony' has a long history, containing the cosmic view of the unity of heaven and humanity, the international view of harmony among all nations, the social view of harmony without uniformity, and the moral view of kindness in the human heart."

Take the lead in establishing the International Mediation Organization, providing a new platform for countries to peacefully resolve differences; personally practice promoting the building of new-type major-country relations, demonstrating the responsibility of a major country in maintaining world peace...

From "the historical answer of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence" to "the era answer of building a community with a shared future for mankind," the pursuit of "harmony" is consistent and coherent.

"The culture of harmony is a 'powerful antidote' to resolve conflicts and divisions," some UN officials believe.

The Chinese solution is based on the profound culture of harmony, promoting all countries to build the Earth into a harmonious big family.

Win-win cooperation: "Only win-win cooperation can accomplish things, do things well, and do great things."

From May 1 this year, China fully implemented a zero-tariff policy for 53 African countries that have diplomatic relations with China, becoming the first major economy globally to achieve unilateral comprehensive zero-tariff treatment for all African countries with diplomatic ties.

Actively open the Chinese market to the world. As the world's first national-level import-themed expo, the China International Import Expo turns "world's good products" into "global opportunities," with cumulative intended transaction volume exceeding 580 billion US dollars.

The China-Laos cross-border "electric power highway" accelerates development; Greece's Piraeus Port has transformed from a "corner of the Mediterranean" to a "global hub"... The Belt and Road Initiative advocates that if you want to live well, you also let others live well.

The Chinese solution seeks common development and win-win cooperation, continuously providing new opportunities for the world with China's new development.

Solidarity for global good: "International affairs should be discussed by all countries, handled according to the rules agreed upon by all, and should take into account the interests and concerns of all countries."

In September 2025, the SCO Tianjin Summit. President Xi Jinping solemnly proposed the Global Governance Initiative, and the world witnessed the "China moment" of global governance reform.

Advancing "BRICS Plus cooperation," promoting the "China-Central Asia spirit"... China always cares about and takes root in the Global South, and the collective rise of the Global South has become an indispensable force in the process of global governance system reform.

From global governance of artificial intelligence to global governance of climate change, China is an active participant, important contributor, and key leader.

Recently, a book "China's Global Leadership Blueprint" co-authored by Italian scholars systematically elaborated China's global governance concepts, "going viral" in European academic circles.

A German media outlet wrote: "The world has long been becoming more Sinicized. This is not because China is exporting its worldview, but because the world is adapting to this worldview."

The Chinese solution advocates a global governance view of consultation, contribution, and shared benefits, "promoting the international order and global governance system to develop in a more just and reasonable direction."

British renowned scholar Martin Jacques believes that China's transformation is arguably the most brilliant and spectacular political achievement in the entire era of modernization and will become a symbol of world modernity.

"Achieve national development by combining stimulating endogenous power with peaceful utilization of external resources" "Benefit both the Chinese people and promote modernization in countries around the world"...

Chinese-style modernization achieves a major innovation in world modernization theory and practice with a completely new modernization model, continuously expands humanity's imagination about the future with a completely new form of human civilization, and shows a new picture different from the Western modernization model.

Chinese-style modernization is essentially a civilization-type modernization, some foreign scholars evaluate.

In the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan," China welcomes a "wave of visits." The President of Mozambique went to remote villages to witness firsthand "China's poverty reduction experience and victory in poverty alleviation"; General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam and President To Lam took a high-speed train to Xiong'an, experiencing the vitality of the "city of the future"...

The achievements and contributions of the Communist Party of China are not only historic but also global.

"China is forging brilliance and is destined to play a key role in the world's future," Spanish Prime Minister sighed during his visit to China in April this year.

Today, the world stands at a new crossroads, and global challenges are more prominent.

With the future of humanity in mind and the well-being of the people at heart.

"A China that is continuously moving toward modernization will surely provide more opportunities for the world, inject stronger impetus into international cooperation, and make greater contributions to the progress of all humanity!"

(六)

The governance of the Communist Party of China, the governance of China, is the anchor for the world.

Without the Communist Party of China, how could there be a socialist China? How could there be socialism with Chinese characteristics? How could there be the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation?

History has powerfully proven: "Only under the leadership of the Communist Party of China has our country completely changed its face of poverty and weakness and marched toward the goal of modernization; only then has our nation completely risen from decline and ushered in the bright prospects of great rejuvenation; only then have our people completely thrown off the status of being exploited and oppressed and truly become masters of their own destiny."

"In today's world, if any political party, country, or nation can be confident, then the Communist Party of China, the People's Republic of China, and the Chinese nation have the most reason to be confident!"

Always adhere to the original aspiration and mission—this is the greatest confidence of our Party in historical confidence and the greatest composure in grasping the historical initiative.

Looking back at the journey, "what difficulties has our Party not experienced, and what challenges has it not faced?"

Follow the right path, pursue just causes.

In 1954, the First National People's Congress made it clear: "Strive for building a great socialist country, and strive for defending international peace and advancing the cause of human progress." Comrade Mao Zedong proudly declared: "Our cause is just. A just cause is unbreakable by any enemy."

In 2021, on the centenary of the Party's founding, the Central Committee made the third historical resolution. General Secretary Xi Jinping issued a great call to the entire Party, the entire military, and the people of all ethnic groups: "Never forget yesterday's hardships and glory, live up to today's mission and responsibility, and not let down tomorrow's great dreams. Learn from history, create the future, work hard, and march forward courageously, and strive unremittingly for the realization of the second centenary goal and the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation."

Building a strong socialist modern country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a relay race.

The greater the cause, the more risks and challenges it entails; the closer the goal, the more we must maintain the spirit of "not shirking the toil when climbing the peak."

We must always bear in mind the fundamental question of what the Communist Party of China is and what it wants to do, always maintain strategic sobriety, strategic confidence, and strategic initiative, and run the critical leg of the historical relay well.

The sky is vast, the wind is mighty.

Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, comprehensively implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, vigorously promote the great founding spirit of the Party, and keep in mind the "Three Imperatives" (三个务必). The Chinese Communists have such sobriety and confidence—

"Forge the original intention and mission, persevere and maintain long-term effort, continue to answer well the Yan'an 'cave-dwelling question,' and write an era answer worthy of the people."

"Stand on the right side of history, stand on the side of human progress, and make new and greater contributions to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind and creating a better world!"

"We are fully confident and capable of creating new and greater miracles that will make the world take notice on the new journey of the new era."

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Xi'an-Shiyan High-Speed Railway Opens for Operation

People's Daily, Beijing, June 30 (Reporters Li Xinping (李心萍), Zhang Danhua (张丹华), Wu Jun (吴君)) On June 30, the Xi'an–Shiyan high-speed railway from Xi'an, Shaanxi to Shiyan, Hubei was opened and put into operation, and the Xi'an–Wuhan, Hubei high-speed railway corridor was fully connected, with the fastest travel time between Xi'an and Wuhan reaching 2 hours and 41 minutes. This is China's first high-speed railway line traversing the Qinling Mountains at a speed of 350 km per hour.

The Xi'an–Shiyan high-speed railway originates at Xi'an East Station, passes through Xi'an City, Shangluo City, and Shiyan City, and has a total line length of 257 kilometers. It has a total of 7 stations: Xi'an East, Lantian (蓝田), Shangluo West (商洛西), Shanyang (山阳), Manchuanguan (漫川关), Yunxi (郧西), and Shiyan East. Except for Shiyan East Station, all the remaining stations are newly built. After being opened and put into operation, the fastest travel time from Xi'an East to Shangluo West and to Shiyan East will be 24 minutes and 1 hour and 2 minutes, respectively.

The Xi'an–Shiyan high-speed railway connects with the main trunk corridors of the "Eight Vertical and Eight Horizontal" (八纵八横) high-speed railway network and is an important component of the western high-speed railway network. To the north it connects with the Xi'an–Yan'an high-speed railway, to the south it connects with the Wuhan–Shiyan high-speed railway, and via connecting lines it accesses Xi'an North Station. To the east and west it links with the Xuzhou–Lanzhou, Xi'an–Chengdu, Yinchuan–Xi'an, and Datong–Xi'an high-speed railways, giving it a very important position in the railway network. After being opened and put into operation, counties such as Lantian, Shanyang, and Yunxi have entered the high-speed railway era. This will further optimize the regional railway network layout, strengthen the connection between the Guanzhong Plain city cluster and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River city cluster, and enhance regional interconnectivity.

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Qinghai-Tibet Railway Carries Over 100 Million Passengers in 20 Years

BEIJING, June 30 (Reporter Li Xinping) — A reporter learned from China State Railway Group Co., Ltd. that in the 20 years since the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was fully opened to traffic, it has cumulatively transported 104 million passenger trips and 824 million tons of cargo.

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway has a total length of 1,956 kilometers, running from Xining in Qinghai in the east to Lhasa in Tibet in the west. It is the world's highest-altitude and longest plateau railway, ending Tibet's history of having no railway.

On the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, sections at an average altitude of over 4,000 meters above sea level total 960 kilometers, where the oxygen content is approximately 60 percent of that in plain areas. Severe weather occurs frequently, and the operating environment is complex. Over the past 20 years, the railway authorities have strengthened innovation and gradually built an intelligent operation and maintenance management system adapted to high altitudes and unmanned operations, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.

In terms of passenger transport, the number of scheduled daily passenger trains on the Qinghai-Tibet Railway has increased from 5 pairs in 2006 to 13 pairs in 2026, and over the 20 years, it has cumulatively transported more than 4.5 million student passenger trips to and from Tibet. In terms of freight transport, the average daily number of freight trains has grown from 24 trains in 2006 to the current 136 trains, with the volume of cargo transported increasing at an average annual rate of 5.6 percent, breaking the transportation "bottleneck" that had constrained the development of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

Over the past 20 years, Qinghai and Tibet have cumulatively completed 117.02 billion yuan in fixed-asset railway investment, and the railway operating mileage has increased from 2,207.8 kilometers to 4,060.1 kilometers, a growth of 83.9 percent. The plateau railway network, with the Qinghai-Tibet Railway as its backbone, is accelerating its formation.

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Celebration of the 29th Anniversary of Hong Kong's Return to the Motherland Series Launch Ceremony Held

Our Newspaper Hong Kong, June 30 (Reporter Chen Ran (陈然)). On the evening of June 30, the launching ceremony for a series of activities celebrating the 29th anniversary of Hong Kong's return to the motherland of the Hong Kong All-Sectors Celebration Committee (香港各界庆典委员会), together with the "Hong Kong Strives Vigorously to Start a New Journey (香江奋进启新程)" cultural and artistic evening gala, were held at the Hong Kong Coliseum. Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Li Jiachao and Director of the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in Hong Kong Zhou Ji (周霁) attended and delivered speeches.

The "Hong Kong Strives Vigorously to Start a New Journey" cultural and artistic evening gala was divided into four major chapters, using singing, dance drama, robot performances and other diverse art forms to showcase the spirit and features of Hong Kong society's unity and striving, pioneering and innovation, and to express the beautiful vision of Hong Kong and the motherland going forward with one heart and jointly creating the future. The evening concluded with the songs "Blessings (祝福)" and "Ode to the Motherland (歌唱祖国)".

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Xi Jinping's Golden Quotes on Party Building

Adhering to the Party's leadership is the most essential characteristic of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential characteristic of socialism with Chinese characteristics, the greatest strength of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the fundamental foundation and lifeblood of the Party and the country, and the interests and destiny of the people of all ethnic groups across the nation.

The Communist Party of China is the highest political leadership force in the country and the fundamental guarantee for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. In all matters, whether in the east, west, south, north, or center, whether in the Party, government, military, civilian, or academic spheres, the Party exercises leadership over everything.

Upholding the Party's overall leadership is the only way to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. As long as we unswervingly uphold the Party's overall leadership, maintain the authority of the Party Central Committee and its centralized, unified leadership, we will surely be able to ensure that the entire Party and the whole country possess strong political cohesion for united struggle and confidence in development, gather the powerful force of upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, and overcoming difficulties together, and form the most reliable backbone for all the people when storms strike.

Upholding the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee

Upholding the authority of the Party Central Committee is by no means a general issue or a personal matter; it is a matter of direction and principle, a matter of Party spirit, a matter of the overall situation, and it concerns the future and destiny of the Party, the nation, and the country.

Upholding the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is concrete, not abstract. It must first be implemented in firmly upholding the authority of the Party Central Committee, and in the concrete actions of strengthening the "Four Consciousnesses," consolidating the "Four Confidences," and achieving the "Two Upholds." At all times and under all circumstances, we must adhere to maintaining a high degree of alignment with the Party Central Committee, forming harmony within the ensemble conducted by the Party Central Committee's unified command, and must never deviate from the score or change the tune; at all times and under all circumstances, we must adhere to taking the Party's banner as our banner, the Party's direction as our direction, and the Party's will as our will, achieving resolute response to what the Party Central Committee advocates, resolute implementation of what the Party Central Committee decides, and resolute avoidance of what the Party Central Committee prohibits, frequently benchmarking and aligning, and promptly correcting deviations; at all times and under all circumstances, we must adhere to absolute loyalty to the Party, be of one heart and one mind with the Party Central Committee, genuinely love the Party, constantly worry about the Party, firmly protect the Party, and fully strive to prosper the Party.

Upholding comprehensive and rigorous governance of the Party

Comprehensive and rigorous governance of the Party is the great practice of the Party's self-reform in the new era.

Self-reform is the second answer for our Party to escape the historical cycle of rise and fall, order and chaos.

Always adhere to a problem-oriented approach, maintain strategic resolve, carry forward the spirit of thorough self-reform, forever sound the bugle charge, and persistently uphold the strict tone, strict measures, and strict atmosphere over the long term.

Implement the general requirements for Party building in the new era, use systematic thinking and scientific methods to advance the full coverage of content, full coverage of objects, full chain of responsibilities, and full integration of systems in managing and governing the Party, and further improve a comprehensive and rigorous governance system for the Party that has complete elements, complete functions, is scientific and standardized, and operates efficiently.

Comprehensive and rigorous governance of the Party is always on the way.

Upholding not forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind

The century-long history of our Party is a history of fulfilling the Party's original aspiration and mission, a history of the Party connecting hearts, breathing together, and sharing destiny with the people.

The original aspiration and mission of Chinese Communists is to seek happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation.

The country is the people; the people are the country.

The people's aspiration for a better life is our goal of struggle.

Establish and practice a correct view of political performance. The view of political performance is a fundamental issue, concerning establishing the Party for the public and exercising power for the people. A correct view of political performance requires us to proceed from reality, act according to laws, and through scientific decision-making and hard, solid work, create achievements that can withstand the test of practice and history, truly benefit the people, and be recognized by the masses.

Upholding taking the Party's political construction as the guide

The Party's political construction is the fundamental construction of the Party, determining the direction and effectiveness of Party building.

Uphold taking the Party's political construction as the guide to ensure that the entire Party maintains a high degree of alignment with the Party Central Committee in political stance, political direction, political principles, and political path.

Put the Party's political construction in the first place. Taking a clear-cut stand on politics is the fundamental requirement for our Party as a Marxist political party.

We must grasp the correct political direction, uphold the Party's political leadership, consolidate the political foundation, cultivate the political ecosystem, guard against political risks, forever maintain political integrity, and improve political capability, providing an important guarantee for our Party's continuous development, growth, and march from victory to victory.

We must enhance political awareness, be adept at seeing issues from a political perspective, be adept at grasping the overall political situation, and continuously improve political judgment, political understanding, and political execution.

Upholding using the Party's innovative theories to consolidate souls and cast spirits

Ideological construction is the foundational construction of the Party.

Ideals and convictions are the spiritual "calcium" for Communists. Without ideals and convictions, or if ideals and convictions are not firm, one will suffer from spiritual "calcium deficiency" and develop "osteomalacia."

Strengthen education on ideals and convictions, guide the entire Party to remember the Party's purpose, solve the master switch issue of worldview, outlook on life, and values, and consciously become firm believers and loyal practitioners of the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

We must continuously innovate methods and means of theoretical arming, adhere to the combination of regular education and centralized education, the combination of theoretical arming and practical application, and the combination of strengthening Party spirit and enhancing capabilities, and improve and implement the long-term mechanism of using learning to cast the soul, using learning to increase wisdom, using learning to correct conduct, and using learning to promote action.

Upholding tempering strong Party spirit

Party spirit, in the final analysis, is a matter of stance. Party spirit is the cornerstone for Party members and cadres to establish themselves, establish their careers, establish their words, and establish their virtue. What determines a person's character is conduct; what determines a Party member's character is Party spirit.

Political cultivation must be placed first in the cultivation of Party spirit.

Regarding the Party spirit of Communists, the Party Constitution, norms, etc., all have clear stipulations. The focus is on firming up ideals and convictions, forging loyalty to the Party, deeply cultivating feelings for the people, purifying moral character, and maintaining integrity and self-discipline.

Strengthening Party spirit means consciously using Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to transform the subjective world, deeply comprehending a series of requirements of this thought regarding firming up ideals and convictions, raising the ideological realm, and strengthening Party spirit exercise, and always maintaining the political character of Communists.

Upholding improving the organizational system that is connected from top to bottom and has strong execution capability

We must thoroughly implement the Party's organizational line for the new era, improve the organizational system that is connected from top to bottom and has strong execution capability, enhance the political function and organizational function of Party organizations, focus on solving problems such as the weakening of Party leadership, the lack of Party building, and ineffective governance of the Party, and promote the comprehensive progress and comprehensive excellence of Party organizations at all levels.

Central and state organs are the "first kilometer" for implementing the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. They must conscientiously implement the regulations on the work of Party leadership groups and the regulations on the work of Party organs, and build central and state organs into model organs that emphasize politics, abide by discipline, are responsible, and are efficient. Local Party committees are the "middle section" for implementing the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. They must conscientiously implement the regulations on the work of local Party committees, and build local Party committees into strong organizations that resolutely obey the command of the Party Central Committee, have strict management, strong supervision, united leadership teams, and pure conduct. Grassroots Party organizations are the "last kilometer" for implementing the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. We must adhere to the clear orientation of focusing on the grassroots, promptly fill various shortcomings in the leadership of grassroots governance by grassroots Party organizations, build grassroots Party organizations in various fields into strong fighting fortresses for realizing the Party's leadership, and fully leverage the exemplary vanguard role of the vast number of Party members in reform, development, and stability.

Upholding building a high-quality cadre team capable of shouldering the heavy task of national rejuvenation

Build a high-quality cadre team capable of shouldering the heavy task of national rejuvenation. To comprehensively build a modern socialist country, we must have a cadre team that is politically competent, meets the requirements of the new era, and possesses the ability to lead modernization. Adhere to the principle of the Party managing cadres, adhere to the principles of both moral integrity and professional competence, putting moral integrity first, drawing talents from all over the country, and appointing people on their merits, and implement the standards for good cadres in the new era. Establish a correct orientation for selecting and appointing personnel, select loyal, clean, responsible, high-quality, and professional cadres, and select and strengthen leadership teams at all levels.

Good cadres must be firm in conviction, serve the people, be diligent and pragmatic, dare to take responsibility, and be honest and upright.

We must deepen the reform of the talent development system and mechanism, break down institutional and mechanistic obstacles in talent introduction, training, use, evaluation, flow, and incentives, implement more active, more open, and more effective talent policies, form a talent system with attractiveness and international competitiveness, and strive to gather talents from all over the world and use them well.

Upholding promoting the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction

The core of the work style issue is the relationship between the Party and the people. The greatest danger for a Marxist ruling party after taking power, especially after long-term governance, is becoming detached from the people.

The Party's work style is the Party's image, which concerns the support of the people and the survival of the Party. We must continue to do a good job in implementing the spirit of the Central Committee's Eight-Point Regulation, further make greater efforts to build the Party well, forge a team with pure Party spirit and strict discipline, so that our Party never fails the people, and unites and leads the people to successfully complete the historical mission it shoulders.

Persistently implement the spirit of the Central Committee's Eight-Point Regulation, grasp the "key minority" to lead the majority, continuously deepen the rectification of the "Four Forms of Decadence," focus on rectifying formalism and bureaucracy, and resolutely break down privileged thinking and privileged behavior. Grasp the regional, industry-specific, and phased characteristics of work style construction, focus on problems that occur commonly and repeatedly to deepen rectification, and promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction.

Upholding using strict discipline to govern the entire Party and manage the entire Party

We have incorporated discipline construction into the overall layout of Party building, adhere to discipline being stricter than the law, discipline before the law, strictly enforce the Party's political discipline and political rules, drive the comprehensive strictness of organizational discipline, integrity discipline, mass discipline, work discipline, and life discipline, use strict discipline to regulate the performance of duties and use of power by Party members and cadres, address problems early and nip them in the bud, precisely apply the "four forms," so that Party members and cadres can personally feel the Party's strict management and deep care.

Comprehensively strengthen discipline construction, use strict discipline to govern the entire Party and manage the entire Party. "When laws and decrees are implemented, discipline will naturally be upright, then there will be no ungoverned country, and no unenlightened people." Strict discipline is an important guarantee for our Party to continuously march from victory to victory.

We must normalize the advancement of learning discipline, knowing discipline, understanding discipline, and abiding by discipline, establish a discipline education mechanism that combines regular and centralized approaches, and comprehensively leverage the Party's discipline education, restraint, guarantee, and incentive roles.

Upholding the integrated advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt

Corruption is a roadblock and stumbling block in the development process of the Party and the country. The fight against corruption is a major struggle that cannot be lost and must not be lost. Since the 18th National Congress of the Party, our Party has successfully forged a path of anti-corruption with Chinese characteristics under the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, addressing both symptoms and root causes, and advancing the integrated approach of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt. We must firmly continue on this path.

The integrated advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt is not only the basic policy for the anti-corruption struggle but also an important strategy for comprehensive and rigorous governance of the Party in the new era. Not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt are an organic whole that are interdependent and mutually reinforcing. They must be coordinated and linked to enhance the overall effect. "Not daring" is the prerequisite. We must use strict enforcement of discipline and law to enhance institutional rigidity, guiding Party members and cadres from the "not daring" born from fear of being investigated to the "not daring" born from reverence for the Party and the people, and reverence for Party discipline and national law. "Not being able" is the key. We must scientifically allocate power, strengthen the reform of supervision mechanisms and institutional construction in key areas, and promote the formation of a continuously complete institutional system and a strict and effective supervision system. "Not wanting" is the foundation. It relies on strengthening education on ideals and convictions, improving Party spirit awareness, cultivating a culture of integrity, and consolidating the ideological foundation of not forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind.

Upholding governing the Party by institutions and regulations

Strengthening the construction of the Party's internal regulations and institutions is a long-term and fundamental strategy for comprehensive and rigorous governance of the Party. For our Party to fulfill the major historical mission of governing and rejuvenating the country, win the great struggle with many new historical characteristics, and achieve long-term stability and security for the Party and the country, we must adhere to the coordinated advancement and integrated construction of governing the country according to law and governing the Party by institutions and regulations.

Adhere to governing the Party by institutions and regulations, take the Party Constitution as the foundation and democratic centralism as the core, improve the system of Party internal regulations and institutions, enhance the authority and execution of Party internal regulations, and form a mechanism for upholding truth, correcting errors, discovering problems, and correcting deviations.

To confine power within the institutional cage, we must not only continuously improve institutional regulations, making them dense but not cumbersome, effective and practical, but also focus on improving the execution of institutions and enhancing rigid constraints. We must adhere to the principle that everyone is equal before laws and regulations, there are no privileges in abiding by laws and regulations, and there are no exceptions in enforcing laws and regulations, ensuring that institutional regulations truly become live high-voltage lines.

Upholding the implementation of political responsibilities for managing and governing the Party

The main responsibility, supervision responsibility, first responsible person responsibility, and "one post with dual responsibilities" for managing and governing the Party constitute a complete chain of responsibilities, and each responsibility must be strictly implemented. Leading cadres at all levels, as the "key minority," must resolutely shoulder the responsibility of managing and governing the Party, be strict with themselves, strictly fulfill their responsibilities, strictly manage their jurisdictions, transmit pressure layer by layer, and effectively create a strict atmosphere and establish a correct ethos.

We must, around strengthening leadership over managing and governing the Party, selecting and using cadres well, strengthening supervision and restriction of power operation, and safeguarding the interests of the masses, clarify the main responsibility of Party committees (Party leadership groups) for comprehensive and rigorous governance of the Party; around efficient supervision, strict enforcement of discipline, and precise accountability, clarify the supervision responsibility of discipline inspection commissions at all levels; around leading the team well, managing the team well, and promoting implementation, clarify the first responsible person responsibility of Party committee (Party leadership group) secretaries; combined with the division of duties and tasks, according to the requirements of "one post with dual responsibilities," clarify the responsibilities for managing and governing the Party of other members of the leadership team; around self-discipline and mutual supervision, mutual reminders and help, combined with the post characteristics and work reality of Party members and cadres, clarify the specific responsibilities of Party members and cadres. We must improve a precise and scientific accountability mechanism, transmit pressure layer by layer, and promote the implementation of responsibilities for managing and governing the Party through the in-place of responsible subjects, in-place of responsibility requirements, and in-place of assessment and accountability.

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Deeply Study and Understand the Scientific Connotations of Xi Jinping’s Thought on Party Building

Upholding Party Leadership Is the Most Essential Feature of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
Zhao Gangyin (赵刚印)

Among the "fourteen persistences" of Xi Jinping's thought on party building, "upholding Party leadership is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics" occupies the first place. It profoundly reveals the essential connection between Party leadership and socialism with Chinese characteristics, and scientifically answers the core proposition that must be grasped in advancing the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. To study and implement Xi Jinping's thought on party building, one must deeply comprehend the underlying logic of this important thesis and implement the Party's comprehensive leadership throughout the entire process and in all fields of socialist modernization.

From a theoretical dimension, Party leadership defines the fundamental attributes of socialism with Chinese characteristics. When Marx and Engels first founded scientific socialism, they made the unified leadership of the proletarian party a condition for carrying out revolution and establishing a socialist system. Upholding the leadership of the proletarian party is a basic principle of scientific socialism and the political guarantee for achieving socialism. As the Marxist ruling party, the Communist Party of China has always adhered to the basic principles of scientific socialism, using the Party's strong leadership to uphold the distinct socialist undertone and scientific theoretical attributes of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

From a historical dimension, Party leadership is the driving force and guarantee for the formation and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Socialism with Chinese characteristics is not a theoretical paradigm deduced in the study, but a practical achievement of the Party uniting and leading the people in unremitting exploration and continuous struggle. Party leadership is the endogenous driving force that runs through the entire process of the formation and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Every breakthrough and leap in socialism with Chinese characteristics has relied on the Party's strong leadership. The leading position of the Party is the choice of history and the choice of the people, and is the fundamental guarantee for socialism with Chinese characteristics to thrive, 行稳致远 (xíng wěn zhì yuǎn - "walk steadily and go far," to develop steadily and sustainably).

From a value dimension, Party leadership anchors the fundamental people-centered stance for socialism with Chinese characteristics. The people-oriented nature is the most distinctive character of Marxism and also the deepest value undertone of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Our Party has no special interests of its own; it always plans work from the standpoint of the entire people. Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, we have won the largest-scale battle against poverty in human history, continuously improved the inclusive livelihood security system... A series of landmark achievements show that only by firmly upholding Party leadership can we always benefit the people and preserve the people-oriented nature of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Party leadership is comprehensive, systematic, and holistic; it must be implemented comprehensively, systematically, and holistically." Party leadership must be fully covered in all aspects and integrated into the entire process of governance work, escorting the steady advancement of Chinese-style modernization. It is necessary to deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments" (两个确立) and resolutely achieve the "two upholds" (两个维护), consciously align with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee in all work, safeguard the authority of the Party Central Committee, and ensure that the Party's orders are unimpeded and its steps are unified. Continuously improve the institutional system for Party leadership. Party leadership cannot remain only at the conceptual level; it must be transformed into implementable institutional arrangements. We must continue to perfect the Party leadership institutional system covering all fields, embedding Party leadership into the institutional frameworks of economy, politics, rule of law, etc. Uphold the organic unity of Party leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law; transform the Party's strategic propositions into national institutional norms through legal procedures; consolidate the advantages of Party leadership through institutionalized and legalized means; ensure that Party leadership is implemented in specific areas such as industrial development and public services; and ensure that every link of socialist modernization steadfastly upholds Party leadership.

(The author is a professor at the Party School of the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the CPC (Shanghai Administration Institute) (中共上海市委党校（上海行政学院）).)

Upholding the Centralized and Unified Leadership of the Party Central Committee
Zhang Rongchen (张荣臣)

The Party's strength and effectiveness come from the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. Xi Jinping's thought on party building emphasizes upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, profoundly clarifying the highest principle of Party leadership. Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee concerns the future and destiny of the Party and the country, and is the key to maintaining the Party's unity and strong combat effectiveness.

Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the fundamental guarantee for the development of the Party's and the country's affairs; it cannot be ambiguous or shaken at any time or under any circumstances. A Marxist party is organized as a unified whole according to the principle of democratic centralism, and the entire Party must obey the Central Committee — this is a basic requirement of party building. The Communist Party of China attaches great importance to maintaining the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. Among the "four obediences" (四个服从) formed by the Party during the long revolutionary struggle, one is "the entire Party obeys the Central Committee." History has proven that whenever the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is firmly upheld, the Party's cause flourishes and continuously moves from victory to victory; conversely, the Party's cause suffers setbacks or even failure. Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee deepens the understanding of the laws governing the building of a Marxist party and epitomizes the unique advantages of our Party as a Marxist party.

To uphold the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, we must deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments" and resolutely achieve the "two upholds." Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the Party's and the country's affairs have stood at a new historical starting point, facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges brought about by the interweaving and interplay of two major situations, as well as more arduous and complex tasks of reform, development, and stability. General Secretary Xi Jinping has led the entire Party, the military, and the people of all ethnic groups in striving forward, overcoming one difficulty after another, achieving one great achievement after another, fundamentally ensuring that the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is showing an unstoppable bright prospect. Practice has proven that the "two establishments" have decisive significance for advancing the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation, and are the greatest certainty, greatest confidence, and greatest guarantee for coping with all uncertainties. The Central Committee has a core, the entire Party has a core; only then does the Party have strength, and the country have hope. It is necessary to deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments" and resolutely achieve the "two upholds." This is not only a basic political discipline and political rule, but also a touchstone for testing whether Party cadres are loyal and honest to the Party. We must resolutely implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, without discount or alteration, and achieve the "two upholds" through concrete actions of listening to the Party's command and fulfilling responsibilities for the Party.

To uphold the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, efforts must focus on improving the implementation mechanism for the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. Ensuring the effective implementation of the Party Central Committee's major decisions and deployments is a fundamental requirement for upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. Implementing the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee requires not only strengthening the armed mind with the Party's innovative theories and enhancing the ideological consciousness and political consciousness of Party cadres to fully and precisely implement them, but also strengthening institutional and mechanism guarantees to ensure that the Party Central Committee's orders are unimpeded and that prohibitions are enforced. We must improve the organizational system that is connected from top to bottom and has strong execution, ensuring that the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee are implemented from the "first kilometer" to the "last kilometer." Perfect a comprehensive, precise, and efficient implementation mechanism to promote Party cadres in creatively implementing the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. Improve strict and rigorous responsibility systems, promote task implementation with responsibility implementation, effectively prevent and rectify the issues of hollow and empty implementation, and ensure that implementation is in place and achieves tangible results.

(The author is a professor at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee (National Academy of Governance) (中共中央党校（国家行政学院）).)

Upholding Comprehensive and Strict Party Governance
Guo Yong (过勇)

Upholding comprehensive and strict Party governance is the strategic policy for Party building in the new era. It profoundly answers the major proposition of how our Party can always maintain its advanced nature and purity under long-term governance conditions and how it can always become a strong leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Comprehensive and strict Party governance, the core is to strengthen Party leadership, the foundation is comprehensiveness, the key is strictness, and the crux lies in governance," profoundly expounding the rich connotation of comprehensive and strict Party governance. Comprehensive and strict Party governance, the core is to uphold and strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership, ensuring that our Party is always in a position to oversee the overall situation and coordinate all parties. "Comprehensive" means governing the entire Party and treating the entire Party, running through all fields, aspects, and departments of Party management and governance. "Strict" means truly governing strictly, daring to govern strictly, and maintaining strict governance over the long term; adhere to strictness as the priority, and persist with strict tone, strict measures, and strict atmosphere for a long time. "Governance" means promoting Party building with a systematic concept, promoting regular and long-term effectiveness of Party management and governance through responsibility implementation, connecting responsibility, supervision, institutions, and discipline to form a complete chain of discovering problems, correcting deviations, promoting rectification, and enhancing governance.

Put political building first in the Party. Comprehensive and strict Party governance must first be viewed from a political perspective. We must take political building as the guide, uphold the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, and ensure that the entire Party maintains a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee in political stance, political direction, political principles, and political path through highly unified political stances. It is essential to focus on enhancing the political capabilities of Party cadres, urging them to strengthen political capability training and political practice experience, continuously improve political judgment, political understanding, and political execution, demonstrate political responsibility of fulfilling duties for the Party and benefiting the people, and forever maintain the political nature of Communists.

Adhere to the simultaneous efforts of ideological party building and institutional party governance. Ideological education solves cognitive problems; institutional norms solve constraint problems. Only when both work together can Party cadres have fear in their hearts, restraint in their words, and stoppage in their actions. We must persist in using the Party's innovative theories to solidify the soul, urging Party cadres to strengthen their beliefs, temper their Party spirit, and sharpen their original aspirations. Enhance the level of Party management and governance with institutional construction, improve the system of inner-party laws and regulations, and effectively transform institutional advantages into practical effectiveness of Party management and governance.

Persistently correct conduct, enforce discipline, and combat corruption with sustained effort. The Party's working style is related to the people's support and the Party's survival and death. The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core took the formulation and implementation of the Central Eight-Point Regulations (中央八项规定) as the breakthrough move for comprehensive and strict Party governance, with 久久为功 (jiǔ jiǔ wéi gōng - "long-lasting effort achieves success," persist with enduring effort) tenacity to correct the "four forms of decadence" (四风), pushing the Party's conduct and government conduct to take on a new look. We must continue to promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of conduct improvement, closely focus on prominent issues such as formalism and bureaucratism, and deepen the simultaneous investigation and treatment of misconduct and corruption. Adhere to the integrated promotion of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt; punish corruption with a high-pressure posture, regulate the exercise of power with institutional supervision, cultivate a clean and upright atmosphere with a culture of integrity, and continuously eradicate the soil and conditions for corruption to breed.

Improve the system for comprehensive and strict Party governance. The key to comprehensive and strict Party governance lies in the implementation of responsibilities. We must form a closed-loop mechanism that connects clarification of responsibility, fulfillment of responsibility, supervision of responsibility, and accountability. Party committees (Party leadership groups) at all levels bear the main responsibility, secretaries of Party committees (Party leadership groups) fulfill the first responsible person responsibility, members of the leadership team implement the "one post with dual responsibilities" (一岗双责), and discipline inspection commissions bear supervisory responsibility. Only when responsibilities are implemented in place can pressure be transmitted to the bottom; only when the responsibility chain is closed can institutions truly exert authority. We must improve the system for comprehensive and strict Party governance, further promote the coordination and connection of various types of supervision, improve the work pattern of party management and governance where one level grasps one level and layers implement tasks, and advance comprehensive and strict Party governance in depth.

(The author is a professor at the Institute for Discipline Inspection and Supervision, Tsinghua University (清华大学纪检监察研究院).)

Upholding Never Forgetting the Original Aspiration and Keeping the Mission Firmly in Mind
Han Xiping (韩喜平)

The original aspiration and mission of Chinese Communists are to seek happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind is the Party's purpose, stance, and value orientation. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The Party's original aspiration and mission are the concentrated expression of the Party's nature, purpose, ideals, beliefs, and goals, inspiring our Party to forever adhere to them and tempering our Party to forge ahead resolutely." Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind not only profoundly condenses the spiritual core of the century-old Party's continuous struggle, but also provides value support and scientific guidance for deeply advancing the new great project of Party building in the new era.

Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind has a profound theoretical foundation and distinct theoretical innovation characteristics. The original aspiration and mission of Chinese Communists originate not only from simple feelings for the people but also from the scientific theory of Marxism. Marx and Engels pointed out: "All previous movements were movements of minorities, or for the interests of minorities. The proletarian movement is the independent movement of the vast majority, for the interests of the vast majority." This fundamentally defines the nature of a Marxist party formed by common ideals and beliefs rather than private interests; "for the interests of the vast majority" is the value purpose, and the Party's original aspiration and mission are the Chinese-style and era-style expression of this nature and value.

Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind clarifies the value pursuit of Party building in the new era. Inspired by the original aspiration and mission, our Party has unswervingly struggled for the fundamental interests of the vast majority of the people, deeply engraving the advanced nature and purity of the Marxist party in more than a century of struggle practice. Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind is an original theoretical achievement formed on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxist party-building theory, clarifying the value pursuit of Party building in the new era, and highlighting the strong mission responsibility and deep people-oriented feelings of Xi Jinping's thought on party building.

Only by upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind can we better undertake the development tasks of the new era and respond to risks and challenges. Adhering to the original aspiration and mission is the key to maintaining political nature. General Secretary Xi Jinping likened ideals and beliefs to the "calcium" of Communists' spirit. Only by keeping the original aspiration and mission in mind can we avoid "soft bone disease" at critical moments and always stand firm on the people's side. Seeking happiness for the people is not an empty slogan, but is reflected in actions that solve problems and do practical things for the people. Only by adhering to the original aspiration and mission, responding to the people's expectations with tangible and effective results that benefit the people, can we consolidate the mass foundation for the Party's long-term governance. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization of common prosperity for all people, and also a modernization that closely relies on all the people. By adhering to the original aspiration and mission, never forgetting that our Party comes from the people and is rooted in the people, following the mass line of the Party in the new era, and extensively gathering the wisdom and strength of the masses, we can inject inexhaustible momentum into Chinese-style modernization.

Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind, the key lies in ensuring the long-term adherence and practice of the original aspiration and mission through institutions. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the CPC proposed: "Establish a system for never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind." We must improve the theoretical study mechanism, guide Party cadres to draw ideological strength and spiritual nourishment for adhering to the original aspiration and mission from Xi Jinping's thought on party building. Improve the long-term mechanism for serving the people, prompting Party cadres to enhance their ability to solve urgent, difficult, and anxious problems for the people, ensuring dedication to the people and pragmatic efficiency. Improve the performance evaluation mechanism, guiding Party cadres to both act immediately and respond to the people's demands with visible changes, while also focusing on doing good things that lay foundations and benefit long-term development, writing their political achievements in the hearts of the people.

(The author is a professor at Jilin University (吉林大学).)

Upholding Political Building as the Guide
Shen Chengfei (沈成飞)

Marxist parties possess political advancedness. Being open and explicit about politics is our Party's tradition and advantage. Upholding political building as the guide is an important viewpoint proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxist party-building theory and scientifically summarizing our Party's more than a century of building experience, clarifying the fundamental requirements for Party building in the new era. We must integrate political standards and political requirements throughout all fields of Party building, and advance comprehensive and strict Party governance in depth.

Forge political beliefs and grasp the direction of progress. Political direction is the logical starting point for political building to play a guiding role. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Political direction is the first issue for the Party's survival and development, concerning the Party's future, destiny, and the success or failure of its cause." In the practice of comprehensive and strict Party governance, many problems within the Party are related to the lack of firm political beliefs among some Party cadres. Only by grasping from the political angle can we seize the key to the problem. We must fully leverage the guiding role of political building, guide Party cadres to consciously become firm believers and loyal practitioners of the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, unswervingly advance along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and firmly implement the Party's political line.

Strengthen political leadership and achieve the "two upholds." Safeguarding the authority of the Party Central Committee and its centralized and unified leadership is an important experience of our Party in leading revolution, construction, and reform. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Ensuring the entire Party obeys the Central Committee, and upholding the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, is the primary task of the Party's political building." Only by safeguarding the authority of the Party Central Committee and its centralized and unified leadership can the entire Party be united into "a piece of hard steel," continuously enhancing creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness, and always becoming the strong leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Party cadres must firmly support the "two establishments" and resolutely achieve the "two upholds," continuously improve political judgment, political understanding, and political execution, and implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee without any discount.

Maintain political nature and stand firm on the people's stance. Popular support is the greatest politics. Coming from the people, for the people, and relying on the people, this highlights the distinctive political nature of Communists. By forever maintaining this political nature, our Party always takes the people's interests as paramount and the people's expectations as its concern, continuously meeting the people's aspirations for a better life. Strengthening the Party's political building is ultimately to ensure that the Party maintains its advanced nature and purity, always shares the same heart with the people, shares hardships, and unites in struggle. We must always stand firm on the people's stance, take benefiting the people as the greatest political achievement, do a solid job in investigation and research, make decisions, think about problems, and handle affairs starting from the people's actual needs, and create real achievements that withstand the test of practice, the people, and history.

Strict political discipline and purify the political ecosystem. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Party discipline is multifaceted, but political discipline is the most important, most fundamental, and most crucial discipline; abiding by the Party's political discipline is the important foundation for complying with all Party discipline." Political discipline governs direction, stance, and fundamentals. Strict Party political discipline and political rules are a powerful guarantee for preventing political deviations and purifying the Party's political ecosystem. Our Party places political discipline at the top of all discipline, and continuously improves disciplinary regulations. The 2023 revised "Regulations on Disciplinary Actions of the Communist Party of China" (中国共产党纪律处分条例) provides more detailed and stricter norms regarding actions that violate political discipline and their sanctions. Party cadres must strictly observe political discipline and political rules, not touch the bottom line or cross the red line, and integrate the awareness of discipline and rules throughout the entire process and all aspects of fulfilling their duties.

(The author is a distinguished research fellow at the National Red Gene Inheritance and Research Center (全国红色基因传承研究中心).)

Upholding Using the Party's Innovative Theories to Solidify the Soul
Duan Yan (段妍)

"Upholding using the Party's innovative theories to solidify the soul" is a major theoretical innovation of Xi Jinping's thought on party building, highlighting the profound grasp and continuous deepening of the laws governing Communist Party governance by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. It helps Party cadres continuously strengthen the foundation of faith, supplement the calcium of the spirit, and stabilize the helm of thought.

Deepening and expanding the connotation of "upholding ideological party building and theoretical party strengthening." Ideological party building focuses on preserving the Party's advanced nature and purity through ideological and theoretical education; theoretical party strengthening focuses on continuously promoting the Party's theoretical innovation on the basis of practice and guiding new practice with innovative theories. Upholding using the Party's innovative theories to solidify the soul achieves the deepening and expansion of the connotation of "upholding ideological party building and theoretical party strengthening," emphasizing entering the mind and heart, consolidating the foundation, and cultivating the essence. Strengthening the Party's ideological construction must touch the depths of the soul. By continuously strengthening theoretical armament, educate and guide Party cadres to build a solid foundation of ideal and belief, temper a strong Party spirit, and gather the mighty force of the entire Party united in struggle and entrepreneurship.

Providing ideological guarantee for advancing comprehensive and strict Party governance in depth. Focusing on ideological and theoretical construction is our Party's fine tradition and valuable experience in strengthening its own construction for more than a century. Advancing comprehensive and strict Party governance in depth requires both institutional constraints and disciplinary control, and achieving a high degree of unity at the ideological level of the entire Party through theoretical learning, ensuring that various measures of Party management and governance take root and go deep. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Ideological unity is the deepest, most enduring, and most reliable guarantee for the Party's unity and solidarity." Only by mastering scientific theory and consolidating the ideological foundation can comprehensive and strict Party governance have solid support. Strengthening the Party's innovative theoretical armament can continuously transform the subjective world of Party cadres, correct their view of power, view of political achievements, and view of career, and build a solid ideological defense line against corruption and degeneration. The conscious self-discipline from the depths of thought, together with the rigid constraints of institutions, achieves the organic unity of "governing conduct" and "governing the heart," rallying the ideological consensus and joint force for Party management and governance.

An important measure to enhance the Party's creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness. The Party's creativity is the ability of the entire Party to stand at the forefront of the times, perceive development trends, and lead social development. The Party's innovative theories focus on the development of the times, take root in the fertile soil of practice, contain scientific thinking and working methods that keep pace with the times, open up and innovate, guide Party cadres to stand on the new situation, face new challenges, solve new problems, and stimulate the endogenous driving force of the entire Party to uphold fundamental principles, break new ground, and forge ahead proactively. The Party's cohesion is the power of the entire Party to unify thoughts and wills, closely connect with the masses, and move forward with concerted efforts. Deep study and thorough understanding of the Party's innovative theories can effectively correct ideological cognitive deviations, eradicate departmentalism, promote all Party members to achieve ideological harmony, goal alignment, and action synchronization under common ideals, beliefs, value pursuits, and mission tasks, forging a strong cohesion of the entire Party's high unity and solidarity. The Party's combat effectiveness is the ability of the entire Party to respond to risks and challenges, strengthen mission responsibility, and tackle difficulties courageously. During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, China's development environment faces profound and complex changes, urgently requiring scientific theories to guide the direction and gather strength. Only by upholding using the Party's innovative theories to solidify the soul can we maintain strategic resolve under complex circumstances, not be afraid of any risks, not be disturbed by any interference, and promote Chinese-style modernization to proceed steadily and far.

(The author is a professor at the Faculty of Marxism, Northeast Normal University (东北师范大学马克思主义学部).)

Upholding Tempering a Strong Party Spirit
Liu Shilin (刘诗林)

Xi Jinping's thought on party building puts forward a series of original viewpoints on the connotation, essence, and value of Party spirit, emphasizing "upholding tempering a strong Party spirit." We must deeply understand that "upholding tempering a strong Party spirit" is a lifelong subject for Party members and cadres, consciously temper Party spirit, and consolidate the cornerstone for Communists to establish themselves, their careers, words, and virtue.

Build a solid foundation of faith. Strengthening Party spirit cultivation focuses on firming up ideals and beliefs. Party cadres must always maintain sobriety in ideological and theoretical aspects, deeply understand the profoundness of Marxism as the fundamental guiding ideology for building the Party and the country, thoroughly study Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and transform rational recognition into behavioral consciousness. Maintain political determination, resist the erosion of erroneous ideologies in complex and changeable environments, and truly be pious and persistent in Marxism, believing deeply and thoroughly. Grasp the correct political direction, maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee at all times and under any circumstances, firmly support the "two establishments," and resolutely achieve the "two upholds."

Stand firm on the people's stance. Whether one can serve the people wholeheartedly is the touchstone for testing Party spirit. When considering problems and handling affairs, Party cadres must stand on the people's side, clearly think about the core questions of "for whom, relying on whom, and who I am," and understand the profound truth that "the country is the people, and the people are the country." Establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, take benefiting the people as the greatest political achievement, and effectively do work that lays foundations and benefits long-term development. Adhere to coming from the masses and going to the masses, extensively listen to the voices of the masses, and thoroughly understand the needs of the masses. Speak honestly, do practical work, and carry out work that benefits people's livelihood, warms people's hearts, and complies with public opinion to the hearts of the masses, effectively solving the urgent, difficult, and anxious problems of the masses in areas such as employment, medical care, and education.

Focus on constant cultivation and constant refinement. Joining the organization is once in a lifetime, but joining the Party ideologically is a lifelong process. Party spirit cultivation does not come naturally, does not naturally preserve freshness, does not naturally strengthen with the increase of Party membership years, and does not naturally improve with the promotion of positions. It needs to be pursued, practiced, and enhanced through constant cultivation and constant understanding. Adhere to reading original works, learning original texts, and understanding principles, drawing Party spirit nourishment from the Party's innovative theories. Conscientiously participate in the "Three Meetings and One Lesson" (三会一课), value criticism and self-criticism, repeatedly temper Party spirit in healthy and active inner-party political life, cultivate righteousness, eliminate evil, and consolidate the foundation.

Strictly observe discipline and rules. The Party's discipline and rules run through the Party spirit cultivation requirements of Chinese Communists in terms of political character, value pursuit, spiritual realm, work style, and moral integrity. We must always maintain a sense of awe for Party discipline and Party rules, accurately grasp the main essence and practical requirements of each discipline and rule of the Party, and comply with discipline and rules without exceeding boundaries. Always place political discipline and political rules first, firmly grasp the fundamental principle of Party leadership, and always remain highly consistent with the Party Central Committee in thought, politics, and action. Observe organizational discipline, conscientiously implement the principle of democratic centralism, and fully maintain unity within the Party. Observe discipline on clean governance, firmly hold the bottom line of clean governance, and exercise power in accordance with laws and regulations. Observe discipline on mass work, adhere to the original aspiration of serving the people, and follow the mass line of the Party in the new era. Observe discipline on work, fulfill duties with practical responsibility, and conscientiously complete various tasks assigned by the Party and the people. Observe discipline on lifestyle, strictly restrain personal words and deeds, actively practice socialist core values, adhere to self-examination and self-discipline, and cultivate great virtue, abide by public morality, and strictly observe private morality.

(The author is a professor at the Party Building Teaching and Research Department, China Discipline Inspection and Supervision College (中国纪检监察学院党建教研部).)

Upholding Improving the Organizational System That Is Connected from Top to Bottom and Has Strong Execution
Zhang Peng (张鹏)

The Party's strength comes from organization, and a tight organizational system is the Party's advantage and source of strength. Upholding the improvement of an organizational system that is connected from top to bottom and has strong execution, realizing the Party's comprehensive leadership and all Party work through a strong organizational system, and transforming the Party's organizational advantages into development advantages and governance effectiveness are landmark measures for strengthening the Party's organizational construction in the new era.

Connected from top to bottom and strong execution emphasize that Party organizations at all levels are strong, effective, and operate smoothly, ensuring that the Party Central Committee's orders are unimpeded and prohibitions are enforced. The Party Central Committee is the brain and hub; it must have authority that is decisive and final. Other Party organizations perform their respective duties in implementing the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. From the "first kilometer" of central and state organs, to the "middle section" of local Party committees, and then to the "last kilometer" of grassroots Party organizations, there must never be "roadblocks," "middle obstruction," or "dead ends." Only by achieving full coverage of Party organizations and Party work in terms of organizational structure, clarifying the positioning and roles of various types of Party organizations at all levels in terms of organizational functions, improving the institutional system based on the Party Constitution and centered on democratic centralism in terms of organizational institutions, persisting in and improving various systems of organizational life in terms of organizational life, and placing the "two upholds" and "four obediences" first in terms of organizational discipline, can Party leadership be "like the body directing the arms, and the arms directing the fingers."

Since the new era, the construction of the Party's organizational system has achieved remarkable results and played an important role. In securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, General Secretary Xi Jinping personally took command, personally went into battle, and personally supervised; Party secretaries at five levels grasped poverty alleviation, and the entire Party mobilized to tackle tough battles. In fighting the impact of the century-old pandemic, more than 4.6 million grassroots Party organizations charged forward, and more than 39 million Party members and cadres across the country fought on the front lines... In urgent, difficult, dangerous, and heavy tasks of reform, development, and stability in the new era, countless grassroots Party organizations and Party members have taken on responsibilities and tackled difficulties, providing a strong organizational guarantee for overcoming big winds and waves, major battles, and major tests.

The key to upholding the improvement of an organizational system that is connected from top to bottom and has strong execution lies in upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, and the fundamental lies in deeply understanding the decisive significance of the "two establishments" and resolutely achieving the "two upholds," ensuring that orders are executed and prohibitions are observed. We must closely combine "shaping form" and "casting soul," unremittingly use the Party's innovative theories to solidify the soul, thoroughly implement the Party's organizational line in the new era, coordinate and promote the construction of grassroots Party organizations in all fields, effectively enhance the political and organizational functions of Party organizations, and give full play to the role of grassroots Party organizations as battle fortresses and the vanguard and exemplary role of Party members. Adhere to the clear orientation of focusing on grassroots, regularly rectify loose and weak grassroots Party organizations like frequently cleaning house, and promote grassroots Party organizations to comprehensively progress and become comprehensively strong. Actively adapt to profound economic and social changes, continuously expand the coverage of Party organization work, and innovate ways and means of Party organization work. On the one hand, focus on strengthening Party building in new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups, ensuring that the Party has a stronger appeal, cohesion, and influence in emerging fields; on the other hand, rely on internet technology and information means to promote comprehensive coverage of Party organizations and Party work both online and offline. Strictly and practically manage the construction of the Party member team, implement the requirements of comprehensive and strict Party governance without any discount to every Party branch and every Party member, and ensure that the political responsibility of Party management and governance is implemented in place.

(The author is the Executive Vice President of China Executive Leadership Academy Jinggangshan (中国井冈山干部学院).)

Upholding Building a High-Quality Cadre Team Capable of Shouldering the Task of National Rejuvenation
Hong Xianghua (洪向华)

Upholding building a high-quality cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation is a key issue concerning the cause of the Party and the country, providing strong support for comprehensively advancing the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "To fully build a modern socialist country, we must have a cadre team that is politically competent, meets the requirements of the new era, and possesses the ability to lead modernization." This profoundly clarifies the connotation and meaning of building a high-quality cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation: Political competence means firmly supporting the "two establishments" and resolutely achieving the "two upholds," always maintaining a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in thought, politics, and action. Resolutely not be a "weather vane," "fence-sitter," or "two-faced person" in politics, and resolutely eliminate the "seven must-nots" (七个有之). Meeting the requirements of the era means selecting and using good cadres according to the standards of good cadres for the new era: "firm ideals and beliefs, serving the people, being diligent and pragmatic, daring to take responsibility, and being honest and clean." Possessing the ability to lead modernization means continuously improving political ability, research ability, scientific decision-making ability, reform and tackling tough problems ability, emergency response ability, mass work ability, and implementation ability, continuously enhancing the ability to promote high-quality development, serve the masses, and prevent and resolve risks, and continuously solving problems and tackling difficulties in the process of Chinese-style modernization.

Upholding building a high-quality cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation is both an important experience of our Party in continuously moving from victory to victory and an inevitable requirement for achieving the goal of building a strong country and national rejuvenation. Once the political line is determined, cadres are the decisive factor. The 20th National Congress of the CPC proposed to comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-style modernization and determined this as the central task of the CPC in the new era and new journey. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC deployed strategic tasks that have a major traction, driving, and supporting role for advancing Chinese-style modernization. Completing the central task of the Party in the new era and new journey, facing a more complex and severe environment, will inevitably confront a series of contradictions, risks, and challenges. This makes it even more necessary to cultivate and build a high-quality cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation, providing a strong cadre support for the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation.

To implement the important requirement of upholding building a high-quality cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation, efforts must be made in all aspects of cadre cultivation, selection, management, and use. In the cultivation link, unremittingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to solidify the soul, achieving the transformation from theoretical armament to theoretical weapon. In the selection link, adhere to the correct orientation for selecting and employing cadres, highlight political standards, loyalty to the Party, emphasize that political ability is the first ability, give full play to the leading role of the political achievement assessment baton, so that the selected cadres are assured by the organization, satisfied by the masses, and convinced by the cadres. In the management link, strengthen all-round management and regular supervision of cadres. Improve the strict management system that manages thought, work, style, and discipline, promote cadres to be able to go up and down, in and out, and promote the correct orientation of the capable being promoted, the excellent being rewarded, the mediocre being demoted, and the inferior being eliminated. In the use link, establish a positive incentive system that advocates solid work, drives responsibility, and encourages and cheers on cadres. For cadres who dare to take responsibility, are brave to act, are good at doing, and have outstanding performance, use them promptly and boldly, and support and encourage cadres who truly do business and start careers.

(The author is a Deputy Director of the Research Department, Party School of the CPC Central Committee (National Academy of Governance) (中央党校（国家行政学院）科研部).)

Upholding Promoting the Normalization and Long-term Effectiveness of Conduct Improvement
He Husheng (何虎生)

Conduct improvement is an eternal theme of Party building. Upholding the promotion of normalization and long-term effectiveness of conduct improvement is an important strategic deployment for Party management and governance, and also a summary of the experience of our Party in maintaining vitality through numerous trials and tribulations.

Normalization of conduct improvement, the key is to grasp it in daily life and adhere to it regularly, making strict management of conduct a conscious action of the entire Party. Long-term effectiveness of conduct improvement, the key is to persist for a long time, address both symptoms and root causes, promote fine Party conduct to become a custom, and let a clean and upright atmosphere last long. Normalization is the prerequisite for long-term effectiveness, and long-term effectiveness is the destination of normalization. Upholding promoting normalization and long-term effectiveness of conduct improvement scientifically answers the question of "what to grasp and how to grasp" in the Party's conduct improvement in the new era. The normalization and long-term effectiveness of conduct improvement serves as a connecting link between the preceding and the following in Party management and governance in the new era, and is a key link connecting Party spirit, Party conduct, and Party discipline. Upholding promoting normalization and long-term effectiveness of conduct improvement is a pre-positioned defense for strict discipline and institutional governance, and an important measure to push comprehensive and strict Party governance to develop in depth.

Looking back at our Party's 105-year struggle journey, from tempering the "Yan'an style" in the revolutionary era, to continuously promoting the construction of Party conduct and clean governance in the new period, and then to the new era when the Party Central Committee started with the formulation and implementation of the Central Eight-Point Regulations, persistently correcting conduct, enforcing discipline, and combating corruption, and promoting comprehensive and strict Party governance to achieve historic achievements, our Party has always placed conduct improvement in a prominent position in Party building, exploring a governance path of unremitting attention and persistent effort. At the same time, the "four forms of decadence" are stubborn and recurrent; misconduct and corruption are mutually reinforcing and share the same root. Only by establishing the idea of protracted warfare, using normalized supervision and long-term constraints to continuously squeeze the space for unhealthy tendencies to breed, can we guard the line against corruption and degeneration from small matters and details.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the Party's conduct is the Party's image, related to the people's support and the Party's survival and death. Upholding promoting normalization and long-term effectiveness of conduct improvement contains the experience and wisdom of Party management and governance in the new era and is a key starting point for advancing the new great project of Party building in the new era. Upholding promoting normalization and long-term effectiveness of conduct improvement is an inevitable requirement for tightening the relationship between the Party and the masses and between cadres and the masses, consolidating the Party's ruling foundation, ensuring that the Party always breathes the same breath with the people, shares the same fate, and rallies the hearts of the Party and the people with fine Party conduct. Facing profound and complex changes in domestic and international situations, making the requirements of conduct improvement truly take root, and always maintaining the Party's advanced nature and purity are of great significance for consolidating the foundation and making full efforts to basically realize socialist modernization during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and can provide a strong guarantee for comprehensively advancing the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization.

To uphold promoting normalization and long-term effectiveness of conduct improvement, the focus is on adhering to addressing both symptoms and root causes and comprehensive measures, continuously expanding the practical path of conduct improvement. On the one hand, guide Party cadres to inherit and carry forward the Party's glorious traditions, establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, and cultivate fine conduct with a strong Party spirit. On the other hand, systematically exert force and comprehensively treat, establish and improve a long-term mechanism for regularly discovering and solving problems, improve the effectiveness of political supervision, adhere to grasping Party spirit, Party conduct, and Party discipline together, and connect correcting conduct, enforcing discipline, and combating corruption, completely eroding the soil and conditions for the hidden mutation of the "four forms of decadence" from the institutional mechanism.

(The author is a distinguished research fellow at the Beijing Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (北京市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心).)

Upholding Managing the Entire Party and Governing the Entire Party with Strict Discipline
Chen Zhigang (陈志刚)

Party discipline is the behavioral rules that must be observed by all Party organizations and all Party members, providing a strong guarantee for maintaining the Party's unity and solidarity and completing the Party's tasks. Upholding managing the entire Party and governing the entire Party with strict discipline reveals the fundamental strategy of comprehensive and strict Party governance, reflecting the requirement that everyone is equal before discipline and that there is no exception in enforcing discipline.

Incorporating discipline building into the overall layout of Party building, and upholding managing the entire Party and governing the entire Party with strict discipline, are distinctive features of comprehensive and strict Party governance in the new era, and are urgent needs for advancing comprehensive and strict Party governance in depth. As the world's largest political party, our Party exercises long-term governance in a vast and populous developing country. Only by always using strict discipline to standardize the words and actions of the entire Party and unify the steps of the entire Party can we maintain strong cohesion and combat effectiveness. Over a period of time in the past, there were problems in some places where Party leadership was weakened, organizations were lax, and discipline was slack; some Party cadres did not distinguish between discipline and law, ignored disciplinary provisions, and engaged in the "seven must-nots." If these problems are not rectified, they will weaken the Party's governance capacity and shake the Party's ruling foundation. Facing profound and complex changes in domestic and international situations, only by upholding managing the entire Party and governing the entire Party with strict discipline, strict Party discipline, ensuring unified will, unified action, and unified progress of the entire Party, can we overcome various risks and challenges.

To uphold managing the entire Party and governing the entire Party with strict discipline, we must adhere to discipline being stricter than law and discipline preceding law, deepen the application of the "four forms" (四种形态) of supervision and discipline enforcement, continuously improve the precision of discipline enforcement and accountability, both strictly manage and supervise, and encourage responsibility and action. Among the Party's "six disciplines" (六大纪律), political discipline occupies a leading and fundamental position, is the most fundamental and most important discipline of the Party, and is the fundamental guarantee for maintaining the Party's unity and solidarity. Observing political discipline, the key lies in unswervingly upholding the Party's comprehensive leadership, consciously safeguarding the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, and using political discipline and organizational discipline as the starting point to drive the comprehensive strictness of all disciplinary requirements. Strict organizational discipline, the key lies in strictly implementing the democratic centralism, the Party's fundamental organizational principle and leadership system, forming a tight organizational system that is connected from top to bottom and has strong execution. In addition, we must effectively drive clean governance discipline, mass work discipline, work discipline, and lifestyle discipline to be simultaneously strict, hard, and tight, promoting the "six disciplines" of the Party to work in coordination, jointly building a disciplinary defense line for Party management and governance.

To uphold managing the entire Party and governing the entire Party with strict discipline, we must focus on establishing and improving effective power supervision systems and discipline enforcement and law enforcement systems, continuously strengthen discipline enforcement and supervision and accountability with the spirit of nailing down, adhere to having discipline must be enforced and violations must be investigated, making discipline a truly live high-voltage line. On the one hand, firmly grasp the "key minority" of leading cadres, requiring them to exercise power according to law, impartially, and cleanly, while strictly managing themselves, strictly educate and manage their family members, children, and staff around them. On the other hand, firmly grasp the "vast majority," continuously deepen the study and education of Party discipline, guide the majority of Party cadres to deeply study and thoroughly understand Xi Jinping's thought on party building, effectively enhance Party spirit cultivation, discipline awareness, and rule awareness, engrave the Party's discipline and rules in their hearts, internalize them as daily behavioral norms without conscious awareness, and promote the realization of the development goals of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period with excellent work style and good image.

(The author is the Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, Institute of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (中国社会科学院马克思主义研究院).)

Upholding the Integrated Promotion of Not Daring to Be Corrupt, Not Being Able to Be Corrupt, and Not Wanting to Be Corrupt
Wang Xipeng (王希鹏)

Upholding the integrated promotion of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt is an important strategy for comprehensive and strict Party governance and a basic policy for the fight against corruption, occupying an important position in Xi Jinping's thought on party building.

Not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt form an organic whole, containing the dialectical unity of punishment, governance, and prevention that are related and combined. Among them, "not daring to be corrupt" is the premise, emphasizing punishment and deterrence, providing necessary conditions for "not being able to be corrupt" and "not wanting to be corrupt." "Not being able to be corrupt" is the key, emphasizing constraints and supervision, helping to consolidate the results of "not daring to be corrupt" and "not wanting to be corrupt." "Not wanting to be corrupt" is the foundation, emphasizing education and guidance, and is the sublimation of "not daring to be corrupt" and "not being able to be corrupt." The core meaning of "integrated promotion" is to make not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt exert force simultaneously, in the same direction, and comprehensively, organically connecting and integrating the powerful deterrent effect of not daring to be corrupt, the rigid institutional constraints of not being able to be corrupt, and the ideological education advantages of not wanting to be corrupt, promoting mutual coordination of various measures in policy orientation, mutual promotion in implementation process, and mutual complementarity in work effectiveness. Upholding the integrated promotion of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt runs through the epistemology and methodology of dialectical materialism, connects goals and paths, addressing both symptoms and root causes, self-discipline and external discipline, profoundly reveals the basic law of anti-corruption that addresses both symptoms and root causes and systematic governance, establishes an institutional normative system that closely combines severe punishment, standardized power, and educational guidance, and forms a corruption punishment, prevention, and prevention mechanism that is mutually interacting and integrating, interlocking and progressing layer by layer.

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has adhered to a systematic concept, followed the basic laws of modern governance, considered and planned effective measures and long-term strategies for comprehensive and strict Party governance from the top-level design, and integrated the promotion of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt throughout the vivid practice of Party management and governance, guiding comprehensive and strict Party governance to achieve historic and pioneering achievements. As an important strategy for comprehensive and strict Party governance, adhering to the integrated promotion of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt pays more attention to the use of governance concepts, systematic concepts, and dialectical thinking to comprehensively implement and fight a general battle. As a basic policy for the fight against corruption, adhering to the integrated promotion of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt emphasizes adhering to holistic thinking, from severe punishment, precise governance, effective prevention, and integrated grasp, promoting integrated governance with full-chain collaboration, resolutely eradicating the soil and conditions for corruption to breed.

Comprehensive and strict Party governance is a systematic project. It is necessary to implement Xi Jinping's thought on party building, use a full-cycle management method, effectively connect not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt, continuously explore effective carriers and practical paths for the connection of the three, form an optimal combination of punches, and enhance the systematic, holistic, and synergistic nature of comprehensive and strict Party governance and corruption governance. In addition, we should also focus on technology empowerment, accelerate the construction of a digital discipline inspection and supervision system, continuously improve the ability and level of integrated promotion of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt, and effectively build a solid defense line for preventing misconduct and corruption.

(The author is a distinguished research fellow of the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Discipline Construction Branch, China Discipline Inspection and Supervision Association (中国纪检监察协会纪检监察学科建设分会).)

Upholding Institutional Party Governance and Rule-Based Party Management
Li Li (李莉)

To govern the country, the Party must first be governed; to govern the Party, it must be strict; to be strict, it must follow laws and regulations. Upholding institutional party governance and rule-based party management is the long-term and fundamental strategy for comprehensive and strict Party governance. At the important historical juncture of the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, facing the task requirements of the start of the "15th Five-Year Plan," we must more firmly place institutional party governance and rule-based party management in a prominent position, advance comprehensive and strict Party governance with higher standards and more concrete measures, and continuously open up new realms of Party management, governance, rejuvenation, and strengthening for the century-old party.

Upholding institutional party governance and rule-based party management, the key lies in integrating institutional construction throughout the entire process of comprehensive and strict Party governance, and taking inner-party laws and regulations as an important basis for Party management and governance. First, take the Party Constitution as the foundation and democratic centralism as the core, build a systematic and complete institutional system, form an inner-party laws and regulations system with norms and regulations as the main framework, ensuring that all work has rules to follow and regulations to rely on. Second, adhere to having regulations must be followed, implementing regulations must be strict, and violations must be investigated, ensuring the rigidity and standardization of system implementation, adhere to equality of everyone before the system, and no exception in implementing the system. Third, adhere to the inner unity of institutional party governance and rule-based party management. Institutional party governance focuses on the construction and improvement of the institutional system, solving the problem of "relying on institutions to govern the Party"; rule-based party management focuses on the implementation and enforcement of regulations, solving the problem of "using rules to manage the Party." The two are unified in the institutional practice of Party management and governance, forming an organic whole that complements each other.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Strengthening the construction of inner-party laws and regulations is a long-term and fundamental strategy for comprehensive and strict Party governance." Upholding institutional party governance and rule-based party management is an inevitable choice based on the profound changes in the Party's conditions, concerning the Party's long-term governance and the country's long-term stability. From a historical dimension, institutional party governance has always accompanied the Party's struggle journey. Our Party has always attached importance to the construction of inner-party laws and regulations, continuously improving the inner-party laws and regulations system in long-term practice, and consolidating the institutional foundation for Party management and governance. From a realistic dimension, as the world's largest ruling party, our Party must ensure a high degree of unity in thought, politics, and action throughout the Party, must effectively respond to the "four major tests" and "four dangers," and must ensure that Party organizations at all levels and the majority of Party cadres always achieve loyalty, integrity, and responsibility. All these urgently require the establishment of a scientific, complete, and effective institutional system.

Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has adhered to the comprehensive and three-dimensional promotion of the construction of inner-party laws and regulations, continuously improving and perfecting the inner-party laws and regulations system. Institutional party governance and rule-based party management have become distinctive advantages of Party management, governance, and state governance in the new era. The vitality of the system lies in its implementation. To implement the important requirement of upholding institutional party governance and rule-based party management, we must take real action and see actual results in implementation. On the one hand, adhere to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, problem orientation, continuously improve the institutional system, focus on emerging fields and key areas to fill institutional shortcomings, making inner-party laws and regulations more scientific, standardized, practical, and effective. On the other hand, improve the implementation system of inner-party laws and regulations, adhere to the equality of everyone before laws and regulations, no exception in implementing laws and regulations, strengthen the whole-process, all-round supervision of system implementation, resolutely prevent the system from becoming a "scarecrow" or "paper tiger." In addition, vigorously cultivate institutional culture, educate and guide the majority of Party members and cadres to understand laws and discipline, know rules, have reverence, and have fear, making it a conscious cultivation that is ingrained in the bones and integrated into the blood to observe discipline and abide by rules.

(The author is a Vice Dean of the Discipline Inspection and Supervision College, China University of Political Science and Law (中国政法大学纪检监察学院).)

Upholding the Implementation of the Political Responsibility for Party Management and Governance
Shi Jialiang (史家亮)

Upholding the implementation of the political responsibility for Party management and governance profoundly points out the "ox nose" that must be firmly grasped in comprehensive and strict Party governance. It is a scientific understanding formed by our Party systematically summarizing long-term Party management and governance experience, especially on the basis of comprehensive and strict Party governance experience in the new era, and provides an important guideline for upholding and strengthening the Party's comprehensive leadership and unswervingly promoting comprehensive and strict Party governance in depth.

The political responsibility for Party management and governance is a multi-level, full-coverage, systematic responsibility system. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "The main responsibility, supervision responsibility, first responsible person responsibility, and 'one post with dual responsibilities' for Party management and governance constitute a complete responsibility chain, and each responsibility must be strictly implemented." Upholding the implementation of the political responsibility for Party management and governance requires the hierarchical transmission and full coverage of the political responsibility for Party management and governance according to organizational levels and post powers and responsibilities. Among them, Party committees (Party leadership groups) bear the main responsibility for overall planning, comprehensive governance, and guarantee; discipline inspection commissions at all levels bear supervision responsibility, ensuring the implementation of the political responsibility for Party management and governance through supervision, discipline enforcement, and accountability; the secretary of the Party committee (Party leadership group) is the first responsible person for Party management and governance, bearing the important responsibility of managing the team, leading the ranks, managing oneself, and setting an example of clean governance; other members of the leadership team bear the "one post with dual responsibilities" political responsibility for jointly managing and governing Party affairs and business in their respective fields. All Party members are the most basic and widest coverage responsibility level for Party management and governance, clarifying responsibilities according to their respective post characteristics and work realities. Each subject has clear powers and responsibilities, is organically unified, and interlocking, forming a unified and coordinated responsibility pattern for Party management and governance.

Upholding the implementation of the political responsibility for Party management and governance is a scientific conclusion formed on the basis of the unity of theory and practice, history and reality, reflecting the inherent stipulations of Marxist party-building theory. Since its founding 105 years ago, our Party has adhered to the implementation of the political responsibility for Party management and governance, continuously clarifying, consolidating, and improving the responsibility for Party management and governance, accumulating valuable experience. Entering the new era, better meeting the people's needs for a better life, further deepening reforms comprehensively, etc., all place higher requirements on the Party's leadership and Party building. Only by firmly upholding the implementation of the political responsibility for Party management and governance can we better advance the new great project of Party building in the new era, ensure that the Party never degenerates, never changes color, never changes taste, and always becomes the strong leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

To effectively solve the problems existing in the process of advancing comprehensive and strict Party governance in depth and continuously improve the Party's long-term governance ability and leadership level, we must effectively enhance the awareness of political responsibility for Party management and governance in terms of ideological understanding, persist in planning Party building work and central work together, deploying together, and assessing together. In terms of responsibility, consolidate the political responsibility of all types and levels for Party management and governance, ensure that pressure is transmitted layer by layer and responsibilities are interlocking, and consolidate and develop the good situation of the entire Party working together to grasp it. In terms of methods and measures, strictly implement and maintain Party discipline, consciously use the weapon of criticism and self-criticism, and implement the political responsibility for Party management and governance by ensuring that the responsible subject is in place, the responsibility requirements are in place, and the assessment and accountability are in place.

(The author is a Vice Dean of the School of Marxism, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学马克思主义学院).)

Layout design: Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)

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Deeply study and grasp the scientific essence of Xi Jinping's thought on Party building

Upholding Party Leadership Is the Most Essential Feature of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics

Zhao Gangyin

Among the "Fourteen Insistences" of Xi Jinping's thought on Party building, "Upholding Party leadership is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics" occupies the first place. It profoundly reveals the essential connection between Party leadership and socialism with Chinese characteristics, and scientifically answers the core proposition that must be grasped to advance the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. To study and implement Xi Jinping's thought on Party building, we must deeply comprehend the underlying logic of this important assertion and implement the Party's comprehensive leadership throughout the entire process and in all fields of socialist modernization.

From a theoretical dimension, Party leadership defines the fundamental attributes of socialism with Chinese characteristics. At the very inception of scientific socialism, Marx and Engels regarded the unified leadership of the proletarian political party as a condition for carrying out revolution and establishing the socialist system. Upholding the leadership of the proletarian political party is a basic principle of scientific socialism and a political guarantee for realizing socialism. As a Marxist governing party, the Communist Party of China has always adhered to the basic principles of scientific socialism, using the Party's strong leadership to firmly maintain the distinct socialist底色 (background color) and the attributes of scientific theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

From a historical dimension, Party leadership is the driving force and guarantee for the formation and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Socialism with Chinese characteristics is not a theoretical paradigm deduced in a study; it is the practical achievement of the unremitting exploration and continuous struggle of our Party uniting and leading the people. Party leadership is the endogenous driving force running through the entire process of the formation and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Every breakthrough and leap of socialism with Chinese characteristics relies on the strong leadership of the Party. The leadership position of the Party is the choice of history and the choice of the people; it is the fundamental guarantee for socialism with Chinese characteristics to thrive, 行稳致远 (xíng wěn zhì yuǎn – "proceed steadily and reach far," to make steady and long-lasting progress).

From a value dimension, Party leadership anchors the fundamental position of putting the people first for socialism with Chinese characteristics. Affinity for the people is the most distinctive quality of Marxism and also the deepest value底色 (background color) of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Our Party has no special interests of its own; it always plans its work from the standpoint of the entire people. Since the 18th National Congress of the Party, we have won the largest-scale battle against poverty in human history and continuously improved the inclusive livelihood security system. A series of landmark achievements show that only by firmly upholding Party leadership can we always benefit the people and maintain the people-oriented nature of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Party leadership is comprehensive, systematic, and holistic; it must be implemented comprehensively, systematically, and holistically." Party leadership must be integrated into all aspects and the entire process of national governance in an all-round way, providing escort for the steady advancement of Chinese-style modernization. We must deeply grasp the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments" (两个确立), resolutely achieve the "Two Upholds" (两个维护), consciously align with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee in all work, safeguard the authority of the Party Central Committee, and ensure smooth orders and unified steps throughout the Party. Continuously improve the institutional system for Party leadership. Party leadership cannot remain only at the conceptual level; it must be transformed into actionable institutional arrangements. We must continuously improve the institutional system for Party leadership covering all fields, embedding Party leadership into the institutional frameworks of economics, politics, rule of law, and other fields. Uphold the organic unity of Party leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law. Transform the Party's strategic propositions into national institutional norms through legal procedures, consolidate the advantages of Party leadership through institutionalized and legalized means, ensure that Party leadership is implemented in specific fields such as industrial development and public services, and ensure that every link in socialist modernization steadfastly upholds Party leadership.

(The author is a professor at the Shanghai Municipal Party School of the Communist Party of China (Shanghai Administration College))

Upholding the Centralized and Unified Leadership of the Party Central Committee

Zhang Rongchen

The strength and effectiveness of the Party come critically from the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. Xi Jinping's thought on Party building emphasizes upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, profoundly clarifying the highest principle of Party leadership. Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee concerns the future and destiny of the Party and the country; it is the key to our Party maintaining unity, uniformity, and strong combat effectiveness.

Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the fundamental guarantee for the development of the Party's and the country's cause, and it must not be ambiguous or shaken at any time or under any circumstances. A Marxist political party is a unified whole organized according to the principle of democratic centralism, and the entire Party must obey the Central Committee – this is a basic requirement of Party building. The Communist Party of China attaches great importance to maintaining the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. One of the "Four Obediences" (四个服从) formed by the Party during the long revolutionary struggle is "the entire Party obeys the Central Committee." History has proven that when the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is strongly upheld, the Party's cause flourishes and progresses from one victory to another; conversely, the Party's cause will suffer setbacks or even fail. Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee deepens the understanding of the laws governing the construction of a Marxist political party and centrally embodies the unique advantages of our Party as a Marxist political party.

To uphold the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, we must deeply grasp the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments" and resolutely achieve the "Two Upholds." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, and the cause of the Party and the country has stood at a new historical starting point, facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges brought by the interweaving and agitation of the two overall situations, and more arduous and complex tasks of reform, development, and stability. General Secretary Xi Jinping led the entire Party, the military, and the people of all ethnic groups to strive forward, overcome one difficulty after another, achieve one great achievement after another, fundamentally ensuring that the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation shows an unstoppable bright prospect. Practice has proven that the "Two Establishments" are of decisive significance for advancing the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation, and are the greatest certainty, the greatest confidence, and the greatest guarantee for coping with all uncertainties. The Party Central Committee has a core, the entire Party has a core; only then does the Party have strength, and the country have hope. We must deeply grasp the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments" and resolutely achieve the "Two Upholds." This is not only a basic political discipline and political rule but also a touchstone for testing whether Party officials and members are loyal and honest to the Party. We must resolutely implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, without discount or modification, and achieve the "Two Upholds" through concrete actions of listening to the Party's command and fulfilling duties for the Party.

To uphold the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, we must strive to improve the implementation mechanism for the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. Ensuring the effective implementation of the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee is the fundamental requirement for upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. Implementing the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee depends not only on strengthening the armed guidance of the Party's innovative theory and enhancing the ideological consciousness and political consciousness of Party officials and members for comprehensive and precise implementation but also on strengthening institutional and mechanism guarantees to ensure the smooth flow of orders and prohibitions from the Party Central Committee. We must improve the organizational system that is connected from top to bottom and highly effective in execution, ensuring that the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee are implemented from the "first kilometer" to the "last kilometer." Improve comprehensive, precise, and efficient implementation mechanisms to promote Party officials and members to creatively implement the major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee. Improve strict and rigorous responsibility systems, promote task implementation through responsibility implementation, effectively prevent and correct the problems of superficiality and emptiness in implementation, ensuring that implementation is in place and achieves practical results.

(The author is a professor at the Central Party School of the Communist Party of China (National Academy of Governance))

Upholding Comprehensive and Strict Governance of the Party

Guo Yong

Upholding comprehensive and strict governance of the Party is the strategic policy for Party building in the new era. It profoundly answers the major proposition of how our Party can always maintain its own advanced nature and purity under conditions of long-term governance, and how it can always remain a strong leading core for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that "comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, the core is to strengthen Party leadership, the foundation lies in being comprehensive, the key lies in being strict, and the crux lies in governance," profoundly elucidating the rich connotation of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. Comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, the core is to uphold and strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership, ensuring that our Party is always in a position to command the overall situation and coordinate all parties. "Comprehensive" means governing the entire Party, managing the entire Party, penetrating all areas, aspects, and departments of Party management and governance. "Strict" means truly strict management, daring to be strict, and maintaining long-term strictness; adhering to strictness as the priority, and persistently maintaining the strict tone, strict measures, and strict atmosphere. "Governance" means advancing Party building with a systematic concept, promoting the normalization and long-term effectiveness of Party management and governance through the implementation of responsibilities, connecting responsibilities, supervision, institutions, and discipline to form a complete chain of discovering problems, correcting deviations, promoting rectification, and facilitating governance.

Put political construction of the Party first. Comprehensive and strict governance of the Party must first be viewed from a political perspective. We must take political construction of the Party as the guide, uphold the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, and ensure that the entire Party is highly consistent with the Party Central Committee in political stance, political direction, political principles, and political path through high political unity. We must focus on enhancing the political capabilities of Party officials and members, urging them to strengthen political capability training and political practice experience, continuously improve political judgment, political comprehension, and political execution ability, demonstrate political responsibility for fulfilling Party duties and benefiting the people, and forever maintain the political character of Communists.

Uphold the simultaneous and synergistic development of ideological Party building and institutional governance of the Party. Ideological education solves the problem of understanding; institutional norms solve the problem of constraints. Only when both work together can Party officials and members have fear in their hearts, restraint in their words, and limits in their actions. We must persist in using the Party's innovative theory to solidify the soul and forge the heart, urging Party officials and members to strengthen their beliefs, temper their Party spirit, and sharpen their original aspirations. Enhance the level of Party management and governance through institutional construction, improve the system of internal Party regulations, and effectively transform institutional advantages into actual effectiveness in Party management and governance.

Persistently rectify work style, enforce discipline, and combat corruption. The Party's work style is related to popular support and the survival or extinction of the Party. The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core took the formulation and implementation of the Central Committee's Eight-Point Regulation as the breakthrough for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, correcting the "Four Forms of Decadence" (四风) with the tenacity of persistent effort, completely renewing the Party's working style and political conduct. We must continue to promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction, closely monitor prominent issues such as formalities for formalities' sake and bureaucratism, and deepen the simultaneous investigation and treatment of work style and corruption. Uphold the integrated advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt, punish corruption with high-pressure态势 (posture), regulate the exercise of power through institutional supervision, cultivate a clean and honest culture, and constantly eradicate the soil and conditions for breeding corruption.

Improve the system for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party. The key to comprehensive and strict governance of the Party lies in the implementation of responsibilities. A closed-loop mechanism must be formed that integrates clarifying responsibilities, fulfilling responsibilities, supervising responsibilities, and holding accountable. Party committees (leading Party groups) at all levels bear the main responsibility; secretaries of Party committees (leading Party groups) fulfill the responsibility of the first person responsible; members of leadership teams implement "One Post with Dual Responsibilities" (一岗双责); and discipline inspection commissions bear the supervisory responsibility. Only when responsibilities are implemented in place can pressure be transmitted to the end; only when the responsibility chain is closed can institutions truly exert authority. We must improve the system for comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, further promote the coordination and connection of various types of supervision, improve the work pattern of Party management and governance where one level catches one level and each level implements tasks, and advance comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth.

(The author is a professor at the Institute for Disciplinary Inspection and Supervision, Tsinghua University)

Upholding Never Forgetting the Original Aspiration and Keeping the Mission Firmly in Mind

Han Xiping

The original aspiration and mission of Chinese Communists are to seek happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind is the Party's purpose, stance, and value orientation. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The Party's original aspiration and mission are the concentrated expression of the Party's nature, purpose, ideals, beliefs, and goals, inspiring our Party to forever adhere, and tempering our Party to steadfastly advance." Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind not only profoundly condenses the spiritual core of the century-old Party's continuous struggle but also provides value support and scientific guidance for deeply advancing the great new project of Party building in the new era.

Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind has a profound theoretical foundation and distinct characteristics of theoretical innovation. The original aspiration and mission of Chinese Communists not only originate from simple feelings for the people but are also founded on the scientific theory of Marxism. Marx and Engels pointed out: "All previous movements were movements of minorities, or in the interests of minorities. The proletarian movement is an independent movement of the overwhelming majority, in the interests of the overwhelming majority." This fundamentally stipulates the nature of a Marxist political party formed by common ideals and beliefs rather than private interests; "working for the interests of the overwhelming majority" is the value orientation. The Party's original aspiration and mission are precisely the Sinicized and modernized expression of this nature and value.

Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind clarifies the value pursuit of Party building in the new era. Inspired by the original aspiration and mission, our Party unswervingly struggles for the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, deeply engraving the advanced nature and purity of the Marxist political party in the practice of more than a hundred years of struggle. Upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind is an original theoretical achievement formed on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxist theories on Party building. It clarifies the value pursuit of Party building in the new era and highlights the strong sense of mission and deep feelings for the people in Xi Jinping's thought on Party building.

Only by upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind can we better shoulder the development tasks of the new era and respond to risks and challenges. Adhering to the original aspiration and mission is the key to maintaining political integrity. General Secretary Xi Jinping likened ideals and beliefs to the "calcium" of the Communist's spirit. Only by remembering the original aspiration and mission can we avoid the "disease of weak bones" at critical moments and always stand firmly with the people. Seeking happiness for the people is not an empty slogan but is reflected in actions to solve problems and do practical things for the people. Only by adhering to the original aspiration and mission and responding to the expectations of the masses with tangible benefits for the people can we consolidate the mass foundation of the Party's long-term governance. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization of common prosperity for all people and also a modernization that closely relies on all the people. Adhering to the original aspiration and mission, never forgetting that our Party comes from the people and is rooted in the people, following the Party's mass line in the new era, and extensively凝聚 (coalescing) the wisdom and strength of the masses can inject inexhaustible impetus into Chinese-style modernization.

The key to upholding never forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind lies in ensuring the long-term adherence and practice of the original aspiration and mission through institutional guarantees. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Party proposed: "Establish a system for not forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind." We must improve the theoretical learning mechanism, guiding Party officials and members to draw ideological strength and spiritual nourishment for adhering to the original aspiration and mission from Xi Jinping's thought on Party building. Improve the long-term mechanism for serving the people, urging Party officials and members to enhance their ability to solve urgent, difficult, and anxious problems for the people, ensuring dedication to the people and pragmatic efficiency. Improve the performance evaluation mechanism, guiding Party officials and members not only to act immediately and respond to the demands of the masses with visible changes but also to focus on doing good work that lays the foundation and benefits the long term, writing political achievements in the hearts of the people.

(The author is a professor at Jilin University)

Upholding Taking Political Party Building as the Guide

Shen Chengfei

Marxist political parties possess political advancedness. Being outspoken about politics is our Party's tradition and advantage. Upholding taking political party building as the guide is an important viewpoint proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping on the basis of inheriting and developing Marxist theories on Party building and scientifically summarizing our Party's century-long construction experience, clarifying the fundamental requirements for Party building in the new era. We must integrate political standards and political requirements throughout all areas of Party building, advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth.

Forge firm political beliefs and grasp the correct direction forward. Political direction is the logical starting point for political party building to play a guiding role. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Political direction is the number one issue for the Party's survival and development, concerning the Party's future and destiny and the success or failure of the cause." In the practice of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, many problems within the Party are related to the unstable political beliefs of some Party officials and members. Only by grasping from the political angle can the key to the problem be grasped. We must fully leverage the guiding role of political construction, guiding Party officials and members to consciously become firm believers and loyal practitioners of the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, unswervingly advance along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and firmly implement the Party's political line.

Strengthen political leadership and achieve the "Two Upholds." Safeguarding the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is an important experience of our Party in leading revolution, construction, and reform. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Ensuring the entire Party obeys the Central Committee and upholding the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the primary task of political party building." Only by safeguarding the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee can the entire Party unite into "a piece of hard steel," continuously enhance creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness, and always remain a strong leading core for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Party officials and members must firmly support the "Two Establishments," resolutely achieve the "Two Upholds," continuously improve political judgment, political comprehension, and political execution ability, and implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee without compromise.

Maintain political character and firmly stand with the people. Popular support is the biggest politics. Coming from the people, for the people, relying on the people, this demonstrates the distinctive political character of Communists. Forever maintaining this political character, our Party always values the interests of the people, considers the expectations of the people, and continuously meets the people's aspirations for a better life. Strengthening the political construction of the Party is, in the final analysis, to ensure that the Party maintains its advanced nature and purity, always sharing hearts and minds, joys and hardships, and united struggle with the people. We must always stand firmly with the people, regard benefiting the people as the greatest political achievement, solidly conduct research, make decisions, think about problems, and handle matters based on the actual needs of the people, creating tangible results that withstand the test of practice, the people, and history.

Strict political discipline and purify the political ecosystem. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Party discipline is multifaceted, but political discipline is the most important, most fundamental, and most critical discipline; observing the Party's political discipline is an important foundation for observing all Party discipline." Political discipline governs direction, stance, and fundamentals. Strict political discipline and political rules of the Party are a powerful guarantee for preventing political deviations and purifying the political ecosystem within the Party. Our Party places political discipline at the top of all discipline and continuously refines disciplinary regulations. The "Regulations on Disciplinary Actions of the Communist Party of China" revised in 2023 provides more detailed and stricter norms for actions violating political discipline and the corresponding punishments. Party officials and members must strictly observe political discipline and political rules, never touch the bottom line, never cross the red line, and integrate awareness of discipline and rules throughout the entire process and all aspects of fulfilling duties.

(The author is a Distinguished Researcher at the National Research Center for the Inheritance of Red Genes)

Upholding Using the Party's Innovative Theory to Solidify the Soul and Forge the Heart

Duan Yan

"Upholding using the Party's innovative theory to solidify the soul and forge the heart" is a major theoretical innovation of Xi Jinping's thought on Party building, highlighting the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core's profound grasp and continuous deepening of the laws governing the Communist Party's governance. It helps Party officials and members continuously build a solid foundation of faith, replenish the calcium of the spirit, and stabilize the helm of thought.

Deepen and expand the connotation of "upholding ideological Party building and strengthening the Party through theory." Ideological Party building focuses on preserving the Party's advanced nature and purity through ideological and theoretical education. Strengthening the Party through theory focuses on continuously advancing the Party's theoretical innovation based on practice, guiding new practice with innovative theories. Upholding using the Party's innovative theory to solidify the soul and forge the heart achieves the deepening and expansion of the connotation of "upholding ideological Party building and strengthening the Party through theory," emphasizing entering the mind and heart, consolidating the foundation, and cultivating the essence. Strengthening the Party's ideological construction must touch the depths of the soul. By continuously strengthening theoretical armed guidance, educate and guide Party officials and members to build a solid foundation of ideal and belief, temper a strong Party spirit, and凝聚 (coalesce) the mighty force of the entire Party united in struggle and dedication to work.

Provide ideological guarantee for promoting comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth. Emphasizing ideological and theoretical construction is our Party's fine tradition and valuable experience in strengthening its own construction for over a hundred years. To promote comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth requires both institutional constraints and disciplinary control, as well as achieving a high degree of unity at the ideological level of the entire Party through theoretical study, ensuring that various measures for managing and governing the Party take root, go deep, and become solid. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Ideological unity is the deepest, most lasting, and most reliable guarantee for the Party's unity and solidarity." Only by mastering scientific theory and consolidating the ideological foundation does comprehensive and strict governance of the Party have solid support. Strengthening armed guidance with the Party's innovative theory can continuously transform the subjective world of Party officials and members, correct their views on power, performance, and career, and build a solid ideological defense line against corruption and change. Conscious self-discipline originating from the depths of thought, supporting the rigid constraints of institutions, achieves the organic unity of "governing actions" and "governing the heart,"凝聚 (coalescing) ideological consensus and joint action for managing and governing the Party.

An important measure to enhance the Party's creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness. The Party's creativity is the Party's ability to stand at the forefront of the times,洞察 (perceive) major development trends, and lead social development. The Party's innovative theory focuses on the development of the times, takes root in the fertile soil of practice, contains scientific thinking and working methods that keep pace with the times and blaze new trails, guides Party officials and members to base themselves on new circumstances, face new challenges, and solve new problems, stimulating the endogenous动力 (motive force) of the entire Party to uphold fundamental principles and break new ground, to strive and advance. The Party's cohesion is the power of the entire Party to unify ideology and will, maintain close ties with the masses, and move forward together with one heart. Deep study and thorough understanding of the Party's innovative theory can effectively correct ideological and cognitive deviations, break down departmentalism, and promote all Party members to achieve ideological同心 (unity of heart), goal同向 (same direction), and action同步 (synchronization) under common ideals, beliefs, values, and missions, forging a strong cohesion of the entire Party being highly united and united as one. The Party's combat effectiveness is the Party's ability to respond to risks and challenges, strengthen mission responsibility, and tackle difficulties. During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, China's development environment faces profound and complex changes, urgently requiring scientific theory to guide the direction and凝聚 (coalesce) strength. Only by upholding the use of the Party's innovative theory to solidify the soul and forge the heart can we maintain strategic定力 (focus) under complex circumstances, fear no risks, be disturbed by no interference, and promote the steady and long-term progress of Chinese-style modernization.

(The author is a professor at the Faculty of Marxism, Northeast Normal University)

Upholding Tempering a Strong Party Spirit

Liu Shilin

Xi Jinping's thought on Party building puts forward a series of original viewpoints on the connotation, essence, and value of Party spirit, emphasizing "upholding tempering a strong Party spirit." We must profoundly understand that "upholding tempering a strong Party spirit" is a lifelong subject for Party members and officials, and consciously temper our Party spirit, consolidating the cornerstone for Communists to establish themselves, their careers, their words, and their virtues.

Build a solid foundation of faith. Strengthening Party spirit cultivation focuses on firm ideals and beliefs. Party officials and members must always maintain clarity in ideological theory, deeply comprehend the profoundness of Marxism as the fundamental guiding ideology for building the Party and the country and rejuvenating the Party and the country, deeply study and thoroughly understand Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and transform rational recognition into behavioral consciousness. Maintain political定力 (focus), resist the erosion of erroneous trends of thought in a complex and changing environment, and truly be devout and persistent towards Marxism, believing deeply. Grasp the correct political direction, maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee at any time and under any circumstances, firmly support the "Two Establishments," and resolutely achieve the "Two Upholds."

Firmly stand with the people. Whether one can serve the people wholeheartedly is the touchstone for testing Party spirit. Party officials and members must stand on the people's side when thinking about problems and handling matters, clearly understand the core issue of "for whom, rely on whom, and who am I," and understand the profound truth that "the country is the people, and the people are the country." Establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, regard benefiting the people as the greatest political achievement, and solidly do work that lays the foundation and benefits the long term. Adhere to coming from the masses and going to the masses, extensively listen to the voices of the masses, thoroughly understand the needs of the masses. Speak truthfully, do practical work, and carry out work that benefits people's livelihoods, warms people's hearts, and conforms to people's wishes right into the hearts of the masses, effectively solving their urgent, difficult, and anxious problems in areas such as employment, medical care, and education.

Emphasize constant cultivation and constant refinement. Joining the organization is a matter of once in a lifetime, but joining the Party ideologically is a matter of a lifetime. Party spirit cultivation is not innate, will not naturally maintain freshness and quality, will not naturally strengthen with years of Party membership, and will not naturally improve with promotion. It needs to be pursued, practiced, and enhanced through constant cultivation, constant refinement, constant understanding, and constant progress. We must persist in reading original works, studying original texts, and understanding principles, drawing nourishment for Party spirit from the Party's innovative theory. Seriously participate in the "Three Meetings and One Lesson" (三会一课), value criticism and self-criticism, repeatedly temper Party spirit in healthy inner-Party political life, nurture righteousness, eliminate evil influences, and consolidate the foundation.

Strictly observe discipline and rules. Party discipline and rules embody the requirements for Party spirit cultivation in the political character, value pursuit, spiritual realm, work style, and conduct of Chinese Communists. We must always maintain a sense of reverence for Party rules and discipline, accurately grasp the core essence and practical requirements of various Party disciplines and rules, and achieve compliance with rules and discipline without overstepping boundaries. Always place political discipline and political rules first, firmly grasp the fundamental principle of Party leadership, and always maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee in thought, politics, and action. Observe organizational discipline, conscientiously implement the principle of democratic centralism, and fully maintain unity within the Party. Observe discipline on clean conduct, firmly守住 (hold) the bottom line of clean governance, and exercise power in accordance with laws and regulations. Observe discipline concerning ties with the masses, adhere to the original aspiration of serving the people, and follow the Party's mass line in the new era. Observe discipline regarding work, fulfill duties with pragmatic responsibility, and conscientiously complete various tasks assigned by the Party and the people. Observe discipline in daily life, strictly约束 (constrain) personal words and deeds, actively practice core socialist values, adhere to self-reflection and self-discipline, achieve cultivating great virtues, adhering to public morals, and strictly observing personal ethics.

(The author is a professor at the Party Building Teaching and Research Department, China Institute of Discipline Inspection and Supervision)

Upholding Improving the Organizational System That Connects from Top to Bottom and Is Highly Effective in Execution

Zhang Peng

The Party's strength comes from organization, and a tight organizational system is where the Party's advantages and strength lie. Upholding and improving the organizational system that connects from top to bottom and is highly effective in execution, realizing the Party's comprehensive leadership and all Party work through a strong organizational system, and transforming the Party's organizational advantages into development advantages and governance efficiency, is a landmark measure for strengthening the Party's organizational construction in the new era.

Connecting from top to bottom and being highly effective in execution emphasizes that Party organizations at all levels are strong, effective, and operate smoothly, ensuring smooth orders and prohibitions from the Party Central Committee. The Party Central Committee is the brain and command center, and must have the authority to make the final decision and have the final say. Other Party organizations fulfill their respective duties in implementing the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, from the "first kilometer" of central and state organs, to the "middle section" of local Party committees, and then to the "last kilometer" of primary-level Party organizations, where there must be absolutely no "roadblocks," "middle obstructions," or "broken roads." Only by achieving full coverage of Party organizations and Party work in terms of organizational structure, clarifying the positioning and role of various types and levels of Party organizations in terms of organizational function, improving the system of institutions with the Party Constitution as the foundation and democratic centralism as the core in terms of organizational systems, adhering to and improving various systems of organizational life in terms of organizational life, and placing the "Two Upholds" and "Four Obediences" first in terms of organizational discipline, can Party leadership be "like a body commanding its arms, and arms commanding its fingers."

Since the beginning of the new era, the construction of the Party's organizational system has achieved remarkable results and played an important role. In securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, General Secretary Xi Jinping took personal command, personally went into battle, and personally supervised; secretaries at five levels grasped poverty alleviation, the entire Party was mobilized to promote tackling tough issues; in fighting the impact of the century's pandemic, over 4.6 million primary-level Party organizations charged forward, and more than 39 million Party members and officials across the country fought on the front lines... In urgent, difficult, dangerous, and heavy tasks such as reform, development, and stability in the new era, countless primary-level Party organizations and Party members took responsibility, tackled difficulties, and provided a strong organizational guarantee for overcoming big storms, big waves, big battles, and big tests.

The key to upholding and improving the organizational system that connects from top to bottom and is highly effective in execution lies in upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. The foundation lies in deeply understanding the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments" and resolutely achieving the "Two Upholds," ensuring that orders are carried out and prohibitions are followed. We must closely integrate "shaping the form" (造形) and "casting the soul" (铸魂), unswervingly use the Party's innovative theory to solidify the soul and forge the heart, deeply implement the Party's organizational line for the new era, coordinate and promote the construction of primary-level Party organizations in all fields, effectively enhance the political functions and organizational functions of Party organizations, and fully leverage the role of primary-level Party organizations as战斗堡垒 (fighting fortresses) and the vanguard and exemplary role of Party members. Adhere to the clear orientation of focusing on primary levels, continuously rectify weak and lax primary-level Party organizations just like regular cleaning, and promote the comprehensive progress and comprehensive excellence of primary-level Party organizations. Actively adapt to profound social and economic changes, continuously expand the coverage of Party organization work, and innovate the working methods of Party organizations. On the one hand, focus on strengthening Party building in new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups, ensuring that the Party has a stronger appeal, cohesion, and influence in emerging fields; on the other hand, rely on Internet technology and information means to promote the comprehensive coverage of Party organizations and Party work both online and offline. Strictly and earnestly manage the construction of the Party member team, implement the requirements of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party into every party branch and every party member without discount, ensuring that the political responsibility of managing and governing the Party is implemented in place.

(The author is the Executive Deputy Dean of the China Executive Leadership Academy Jinggangshan)

Upholding Building a High-Caliber Cadre Team Capable of Shouldering the Task of National Rejuvenation

Hong Xianghua

Upholding the building of a high-caliber cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation is a key issue concerning the cause of the Party and the country, providing strong support for comprehensively advancing the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "To comprehensively build a modern socialist country, we must have a cadre team that is politically competent, meets the requirements of the new era, and has the ability to lead modernization." This profoundly points out the core meaning of building a high-caliber cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation: Being politically competent requires firmly supporting the "Two Establishments" and resolutely achieving the "Two Upholds," always maintaining a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in thought, politics, and action. Resolutely do not be a political "fence-sitter," "sitter on the fence," or "two-faced person," and resolutely杜绝 (eliminate) the "Seven Have-its" (七个有之). Meeting the requirements of the times requires selecting and using good cadres according to the standards for good cadres in the new era of "firm ideals and beliefs, serving the people, being diligent and pragmatic, daring to take responsibility, and being clean and honest." Having the ability to lead modernization requires continuously improving political ability, research ability, scientific decision-making ability, reform and tackling tough problems ability, emergency response ability, mass work ability, and ability to implement tasks, continuously enhancing the ability to promote high-quality development, serve the masses, and prevent and resolve risks, continuously solving problems and overcoming difficulties in the process of Chinese-style modernization.

Upholding the building of a high-caliber cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation is not only an important experience of our Party's continuous progress from victory to victory but also an inevitable requirement for achieving the goals of building a strong country and national rejuvenation. Once the political line is determined, cadres become the decisive factor. The 20th National Congress of the Party proposed comprehensively advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-style modernization and designated this as the central task of the Communist Party of China in the new era and new journey. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party deployed strategic tasks with significant牵引 (driving), driving, and supporting effects on promoting Chinese-style modernization. To complete the central tasks of the Party in the new era and new journey, the environment faced is more complex and severe, and it is inevitable to face a series of contradictions, risks, and challenges. This makes it even more necessary to cultivate and create a high-caliber cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation, providing strong cadre support for the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.

To implement the important requirements of upholding the building of a high-caliber cadre team capable of shouldering the task of national rejuvenation, efforts must be made in all aspects of cadre cultivation, selection, management, and use. In the cultivation link, unswervingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to solidify the soul and forge the heart, realizing the transformation from theoretical武装 (arming) to theoretical weapons. In the selection link, adhere to the correct orientation for selecting and employing people, highlight political standards and loyalty to the Party, emphasize that political ability is the primary ability, fully leverage the role of performance assessment as a baton, so that the selected cadres are reassuring to the organization, satisfying to the masses, and convincing to other cadres. In the management link, strengthen all-round management and regular supervision of cadres. Improve the strict management system for managing thoughts, work, style, and discipline, promote the ability of cadres to go up and down, enter and exit, and promote the correct orientation where the capable are promoted, the excellent are rewarded, the mediocre are demoted, and the inferior are eliminated. In the use link, establish a positive incentive system that advocates hard work, drives responsibility, and cheers on encouragement. For cadres who are bold in taking responsibility,勇于 (dare to) take charge,善于 (good at) acting, and have outstanding performance, promptly and boldly promote them, and support and cheer on cadres who truly work and start businesses.

(The author is the Deputy Director of the Scientific Research Department, Central Party School (National Academy of Governance))

Upholding Promoting the Normalization and Long-Term Effectiveness of Work Style Construction

He Husheng

Work style construction is an eternal theme of Party building. Upholding the promotion of the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction is an important strategic deployment for managing and governing the Party, and it is also a summary of our Party's experience in maintaining vitality through arduous tempering.

The key to normalizing work style construction is to grasp it in daily life and strictly enforce it regularly, making strict management of work style a conscious action of the entire Party and its members. The key to achieving long-term effectiveness in work style construction is to persevere and address both symptoms and root causes, promoting the transformation of a fine Party style into social customs and customs, allowing a clean and upright atmosphere to endure for a long time. Normalization is the prerequisite for long-term effectiveness, and long-term effectiveness is the destination of normalization. Upholding the promotion of the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction scientifically answers the question of "what to grasp and how to grasp" in Party work style construction in the new era. The normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction serves as a link between the preceding and the following in managing and governing the Party in the new era, and is a key link connecting Party spirit, Party conduct, and Party discipline. Upholding the promotion of the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction is a front-line defense for strict discipline and institutional governance of the Party, and an important measure to promote the continuous deepening of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party.

Looking back at our Party's 105-year journey of struggle, from tempering the "Yan'an Style" in the revolutionary era, to continuously promoting the construction of a clean and honest Party and the fight against corruption in the new period, to the Party Central Committee in the new era starting from the formulation and implementation of the Central Committee's Eight-Point Regulation, persistently rectifying work style, enforcing discipline, and combating corruption, achieving historic achievements in promoting comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, our Party has always placed work style construction in a prominent position in Party building, exploring a governance path of persistent and long-term efforts. At the same time, the "Four Forms of Decadence" problems are stubborn and repetitive; work style and corruption are interconnected and share the same root. Only by establishing the idea of a protracted war, using normalized supervision and long-term effective constraints to continuously squeeze the breeding space for unhealthy tendencies, can we守住 (hold) the defense line against corruption and change from small matters and subtle details.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the Party's work style is the Party's image, related to popular support and the survival or extinction of the Party. Upholding the promotion of the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction contains the experience and wisdom of managing and governing the Party in the new era and is a key starting point for advancing the great new project of Party building in the new era. Upholding the promotion of the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction is an inevitable requirement for close Party-mass relations and cadre-mass relations and consolidating the Party's governing foundation, ensuring that the Party always breathes the same breath, shares the same destiny, and connects its heart with the people,凝聚 (coalescing) the hearts of the Party and the people with a fine Party style. Facing profound and complex changes in the domestic and international situation, making the requirements of work style construction truly take root and maintain the Party's advanced nature and purity is of great significance for consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts for basically realizing socialist modernization during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and can provide a strong guarantee for comprehensively advancing the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization.

Upholding the promotion of the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction focuses on adhering to addressing both symptoms and root causes and comprehensive measures, continuously expanding the practical paths of work style construction. On the one hand, guide Party officials and members to inherit and carry forward the Party's glorious traditions, establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, and cultivate a fine work style with a strong Party spirit. On the other hand, systematically exert force, comprehensively administer, establish and improve long-term mechanisms for regularly discovering and solving problems, improve the effectiveness of political supervision, adhere to simultaneously grasping Party spirit, Party conduct, and Party discipline, integrate rectifying work style, enforcing discipline, and combating corruption, and completely eradicate the soil and conditions for the hidden transformation of the "Four Forms of Decadence" problems from institutional mechanisms.

(The author is a Distinguished Researcher at the Beijing Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era)

Upholding Governing the Entire Party and All Party Members with Strict Discipline

Chen Zhigang

Party discipline is the code of conduct that must be observed by all Party organizations and all Party members, providing a strong guarantee for maintaining the unity and solidarity of the Party and accomplishing the Party's tasks. Upholding the governance of the entire Party and all Party members with strict discipline reveals the fundamental strategy for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, reflecting the requirement that everyone is equal before discipline and there are no exceptions in enforcing discipline.

Incorporating discipline construction into the overall layout of Party building and insisting on governing the entire Party and all Party members with strict discipline are distinctive features of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party in the new era and an urgent need to advance comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth. As the world's largest political party, our Party has been governing for a long time in a vast, populous developing country. Only by always regulating the words and actions of the entire Party and unifying the steps of the entire Party with strict discipline can it maintain strong cohesion and combat effectiveness. In the past period, there have been problems of weakened Party leadership, organizational laxity, and slack discipline in some places. Some Party officials and members did not distinguish between discipline and law, ignored disciplinary regulations, and engaged in the "seven have-its" (七个有之). If these problems are not fundamentally solved, they will weaken the Party's governing capacity and shake the Party's governing foundation. Facing profound and complex changes in the domestic and international situation, only by adhering to governing the entire Party and all Party members with strict discipline, strictly enforcing Party discipline, and ensuring that the entire Party unifies its will, actions, and steps forward can various risks and challenges be overcome.

To uphold governing the entire Party and all Party members with strict discipline, we must adhere to discipline being stricter than law and discipline preceding law, deepen the use of the "Four Forms" (四种形态) of supervision and discipline enforcement, continuously improve the precision of discipline enforcement and accountability, both strictly manage and supervise, and encourage responsibility and action. Among the Party's "Six Major Disciplines" (六大纪律), political discipline holds a leading and fundamental position; it is the most fundamental and important discipline of the Party and the fundamental guarantee for maintaining the unity and solidarity of the Party. The key to observing political discipline is to unswervingly uphold the Party's comprehensive leadership, consciously safeguard the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, take political discipline and organizational discipline as the focal points, and drive various disciplinary requirements to be comprehensively strict. The key to strict organizational discipline is to strictly implement the fundamental organizational principle and leadership system of democratic centralism, forming a tight organizational system that connects from top to bottom and is highly effective in execution. In addition, we must effectively drive the simultaneous strictness and firmness of discipline on clean conduct, discipline concerning ties with the masses, discipline regarding work, and discipline in daily life, promote the synergistic发力 (exertion of force) of the Party's "Six Major Disciplines," and jointly build a disciplinary defense line for managing and governing the Party.

To uphold governing the entire Party and all Party members with strict discipline, we must strive to establish and improve effective systems for power supervision and discipline enforcement and law enforcement systems, continuously strengthen discipline enforcement, supervision, discipline enforcement, and accountability with the spirit of nailing down, adhere to enforcing discipline whenever there is discipline to enforce and investigating violations whenever they occur, and make discipline a truly live "high-voltage line." On the one hand, firmly grasp the "key minority" of leading cadres, making them adhere to the lawful use of power, fair use of power, and clean use of power, while strictly managing themselves, strictly educate and manage their family members, children, and staff. On the other hand, firmly grasp the "vast majority," continuously deepen party discipline learning and education, guide the vast majority of Party officials and members to deeply study and thoroughly understand Xi Jinping's thought on Party building, effectively enhance Party spirit cultivation, discipline awareness, and rule awareness, engrave the Party's discipline and rules in their hearts, internalize them as conscious norms of words and deeds used daily without feeling, and promote the achievement of the development goals of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period with excellent work style and good image.

(The author is the Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, Academy of Marxism, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

Upholding the Integrated Advancement of Not Daring to Be Corrupt, Not Being Able to Be Corrupt, and Not Wanting to Be Corrupt

Wang Xipeng

Upholding the integrated advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt is an important strategy for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party and a basic policy for the anti-corruption struggle, occupying an important position in Xi Jinping's thought on Party building.

Not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt form an organic whole, containing the dialectical unity of punishment, governance, and prevention interconnected and combined. Among them, "not daring to be corrupt" is the prerequisite, emphasizing punishment and deterrence, providing necessary conditions for "not being able to be corrupt" and "not wanting to be corrupt." "Not being able to be corrupt" is the key, emphasizing constraint and supervision, helping to consolidate the achievements of "not daring to be corrupt" and "not wanting to be corrupt." "Not wanting to be corrupt" is the foundation, emphasizing education and guidance, and is the sublimation of "not daring to be corrupt" and "not being able to be corrupt." The core essence of "integrated advancement" lies in making efforts simultaneously, in the same direction, and comprehensively with not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt, organically integrating and merging the powerful deterrent effect of not daring to be corrupt, the rigid institutional constraints of not being able to be corrupt, and the ideological education advantages of not wanting to be corrupt, promoting mutual coordination of various measures in policy orientation, mutual promotion in implementation process, and mutual benefit in work effectiveness. Upholding the integrated advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt runs through the epistemology and methodology of dialectical materialism, connects goals with paths, treating symptoms with root causes, self-discipline with heteronomy, profoundly reveals the basic laws of anti-corruption of addressing both symptoms and root causes and systematic governance, establishes a system of tightly combined norms for severe punishment, standardizing power, and education and guidance, forming a mechanism for punishing, governing, and preventing corruption that is both interactive and integrated, and interlocking and progressive.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has adhered to a systematic concept, followed the basic laws of modern governance, considered and planned effective measures and long-term strategies for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party from the top-level design, integrated the advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt into the vivid practice of managing and governing the Party, guiding comprehensive and strict governance of the Party to achieve historic and pioneering achievements. As an important strategy for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, upholding the integrated advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt pays more attention to using governance concepts, systematic perspectives, and dialectical thinking to comprehensively implement measures and fight an overall battle. As a basic policy for the anti-corruption struggle, upholding the integrated advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt emphasizes adhering to holistic thinking, severe punishment, precise governance, effective prevention, and integrated action, promoting integrated governance with full-chain collaboration, and resolutely eradicating the soil and conditions for breeding corruption.

Comprehensively and strictly governing the Party is a systematic project. We must implement Xi Jinping's thought on Party building, use full-cycle management methods, effectively integrate not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt, continuously explore effective carriers and practical paths for the integration of the three, form an optimal combination of measures, and enhance the systematic, holistic, and synergistic nature of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party and corruption governance. In addition, we must also pay attention to technological empowerment, accelerate the construction of a digital disciplinary inspection and supervision system, continuously improve the ability and level of integrated advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt, and effectively build a strong line of defense for wind and corruption prevention and control.

(The author is a Distinguished Researcher of the Discipline Construction Branch, China Association for Disciplinary Inspection and Supervision)

Upholding Institutional Governance of the Party and Governing the Party by Rules and Regulations

Li Li

To govern the country, the Party must first be governed; to govern the Party, it must be strict; to be strict, it must be by laws and regulations. Upholding institutional governance of the Party and governing the Party by rules and regulations is a long-term and fundamental strategy for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party. At the important historical juncture of the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, facing the tasks and requirements of the beginning of the "15th Five-Year Plan," we must more firmly place institutional governance of the Party and governing the Party by rules and regulations in a prominent position, advance comprehensive and strict governance of the Party with higher standards and more concrete measures, and continuously open up new realms for the century-old Party to manage and govern the Party, rejuvenate and strengthen the Party.

The key to upholding institutional governance of the Party and governing the Party by rules and regulations lies in integrating institutional construction throughout the entire process of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, and taking the system of internal Party laws and regulations as an important basis for managing and governing the Party. First, take the Party Constitution as the foundation and democratic centralism as the core, construct a complete and systematic institutional system, form an internal Party law and regulation system with norms and regulations as the backbone, so that all work has rules to follow and regulations to rely on. Second, adhere to the principle that if there are regulations, they must be followed; if regulations are implemented, they must be strict; if regulations are violated, they must be investigated; ensure the rigidity and standardization of system implementation; adhere to equality before the system and no exceptions in implementing the system. Third, adhere to the intrinsic unity of institutional governance of the Party and governing the Party by rules and regulations. Institutional governance of the Party focuses on the construction and improvement of the institutional system, solving the problem of "governing the Party by institutions"; governing the Party by rules and regulations focuses on the implementation and execution of laws and regulations, solving the problem of "managing the Party by rules." The two are unified in the institutional practice of managing and governing the Party, forming an organic whole that complements each other.

General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Strengthening the construction of the internal Party law and regulation system is a long-term and fundamental strategy for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party." Upholding institutional governance of the Party and governing the Party by rules and regulations is an inevitable choice based on profound changes in the Party's conditions, concerning the Party's long-term governance and the long-term stability of the country. From a historical dimension, institutional governance of the Party has always accompanied the Party's struggle process. Our Party has always attached importance to the construction of internal Party laws and regulations, continuously improved the internal Party law and regulation system in long-term practice, and consolidated the institutional foundation for managing and governing the Party. From a realistic dimension, as the world's largest governing party, our Party must ensure the high unity of the entire Party in thought, politics, and action, must effectively respond to the "Four Tests" (四大考验) and "Four Dangers" (四种危险), and must ensure that Party organizations at all levels and the vast majority of Party officials and members always remain loyal, clean, and responsible. These all urgently require establishing a complete, scientific, and effective institutional system that operates effectively.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has insisted on promoting the construction of internal Party laws and regulations in an all-round and three-dimensional manner, promoting the continuous improvement and perfection of the internal Party law and regulation system. Institutional governance of the Party and governing the Party by rules and regulations have become a distinctive advantage in managing and governing the Party and the country in the new era. The vitality of the system lies in its implementation. To implement the important requirements of upholding institutional governance of the Party and governing the Party by rules and regulations, we must be serious and achieve practical results in implementation. On the one hand, adhere to upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, problem orientation, continuously improve the system, focus on filling institutional短板 (shortcomings) in emerging and key areas, and make internal Party laws and regulations more scientific, standardized, pragmatic, and effective. On the other hand, improve the implementation system for internal Party laws and regulations, adhere to the principles of equality before laws and regulations and no exceptions in implementing laws and regulations, strengthen the whole-process and all-round supervision of system implementation, and resolutely prevent the system from becoming a "scarecrow" or "paper tiger." In addition, we must vigorously cultivate institutional culture, educate and guide the vast number of Party officials and members to understand laws and discipline, understand rules, know awe, and maintain fear, so that observing discipline and emphasizing rules become a conscious cultivation embedded in the bones and integrated into the blood.

(The author is the Deputy Dean of the Institute for Disciplinary Inspection and Supervision, China University of Political Science and Law)

Upholding the Implementation of Political Responsibilities for Managing and Governing the Party

Shi Jialiang

Upholding the implementation of political responsibilities for managing and governing the Party profoundly points out the "ox nose" (key leverage point) that must be firmly grasped for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party. It is a scientific understanding formed by our Party through systematically summarizing long-term experience in managing and governing the Party, especially on the basis of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in the new era, providing an important guideline for upholding and strengthening the Party's comprehensive leadership and unswervingly advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth.

The political responsibility of managing and governing the Party is a multi-level, full-coverage, and systematic responsibility system. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "The main responsibility, supervision responsibility, responsibility of the first person responsible, and 'One Post with Dual Responsibilities' (一岗双责) for managing and governing the Party constitute a complete responsibility chain, and each responsibility must be strictly implemented." Upholding the implementation of political responsibilities for managing and governing the Party requires achieving hierarchical transmission and full coverage of political responsibilities for managing and governing the Party based on organizational levels and post authority and responsibilities. Among them, Party committees (leading Party groups) bear main responsibilities such as overall planning, comprehensive governance, and guarantee; discipline inspection committees at all levels bear supervision responsibilities, ensuring the implementation of political responsibilities for managing and governing the Party through supervision, discipline enforcement, and accountability; secretaries of Party committees (leading Party groups) are the first person responsible for managing and governing the Party, bearing the important responsibility of managing the team well, leading the team well, managing themselves well, and setting a good example of clean governance; other members of the leading team bear the political responsibility of "One Post with Dual Responsibilities" for jointly managing and governing the Party in their respective areas of responsibility and related business. All Party members constitute the most basic and widest coverage responsibility level for managing and governing the Party, clarifying responsibilities based on their respective post characteristics and work reality. Each主体 (subject) has clear authority and responsibility, organic unity, and interlocking links, forming a unified and coordinated responsibility pattern for managing and governing the Party.

Upholding the implementation of political responsibilities for managing and governing the Party is a scientific conclusion formed on the basis of the unity of theory and practice, history and reality, embodying the inherent stipulations of Marxist theory on Party building. Since its founding 105 years ago, our Party has adhered to the implementation of political responsibilities for managing and governing the Party, continuously clarifying,压实 (compacting), and improving the responsibility for managing and governing the Party, accumulating valuable experience. Entering the new era, better meeting the people's needs for a better life, further comprehensively deepening reforms, etc., all put forward higher requirements for the Party's leadership and Party building. Only by firmly upholding the implementation of political responsibilities for managing and governing the Party can we better advance the great new project of Party building in the new era, ensure that the Party never deteriorates, never changes color, and never changes flavor, and always remains a strong leading core for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

To effectively solve the problems existing in the process of advancing comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth and continuously improve the Party's long-term governance能力 (capacity) and leadership level, we must effectively enhance the awareness of political responsibility for managing and governing the Party in ideological understanding, insisting on planning Party building work and central work together, deploying them together, and assessing them together. In terms of responsibility commitment,压实 (compact) various types of political responsibilities for managing and governing the Party at all levels, achieving the transmission of pressure layer by layer and the interlocking of responsibilities ring by ring, consolidating and developing the good situation where the entire Party takes action to grasp the work together. In terms of methods and measures, strictly implement and maintain Party discipline, consciously use the weapon of criticism and self-criticism, and implement the political responsibility for managing and governing the Party in place through the fulfillment of responsible subjects, the fulfillment of responsibility requirements, and the fulfillment of assessment and accountability.

(The author is the Deputy Dean of the School of Marxism, Shandong Normal University)

Layout design: Zhang Fangman

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Governance of a Major Party: Tangible and Accessible

Xi Jinping’s thought on party building is the fundamental guidance for strengthening party building in the new era. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has incorporated comprehensive and strict governance of the Party into the "Four Comprehensives" (四个全面) strategic layout, made a series of important deployments, pushed comprehensive and strict governance of the Party to develop in depth, and the Party has become stronger and more powerful through revolutionary forging.

This edition selects five typical stories, focusing on the effectiveness of governance and management of the Party, and revisits party members, cadres, and the masses to talk about their experiences and understandings, and to discuss development and change.

—— Editor

A Photo Shows Responsibility

Reporters: He Zhaoyu, Jia Fengfeng

At the height of summer, the Qinba Mountains are full of lush greenery. On the Fenghuang Tea Mountain in Jiangjiaping Village, Laoxian Town, Pingli County, Ankang City, Shaanxi Province, tea plants spread along the mountain slopes, and new buds glisten in the sunlight. Here, a photo showing "five secretaries in the same frame" captures a moving moment.

In April 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping came to this tea garden to investigate the development of industries for poverty alleviation. The general secretary inspected the spring tea shoots along the way, with the party secretaries of the province, city, county, and village behind him.

General Secretary Xi Jinping said with emotion: "I am confident in fully completing the poverty alleviation tasks under the current targets this year."

Poverty alleviation is an unprecedented feat. Unity from top to bottom and concerted efforts are the key to winning this battle.

Since the new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has incorporated comprehensive and strict governance of the Party into the "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout, deeply advancing the great new project of party building in the new era. Putting political party building first, strengthening theoretical armament with the Party's innovative theories, and focusing on building an organizational system that is coherent from top to bottom and has strong execution... A set of "combined punches" has effectively promoted the entire Party to firmly support the "Two Establishes" (两个确立) and resolutely achieve the "Two Upholds" (两个维护), marching forward in unison.

Poverty alleviation is not the end, but the starting point of a new life. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Persist in the five-level party secretaries (五级书记) grasping rural revitalization, making rural revitalization a common action of the entire Party and the whole society."

Ankang City acted upon the order, establishing and improving mechanisms such as the rural work leading group, the consolidation and connection leading group, and the leadership-package-connection assistance mechanism, uniting the assistance forces at all levels into one rope. From the municipal party committee to the village-level party organizations, pressure was transmitted layer by layer, responsibilities were tightened link by link, continuously stimulating the momentum and vitality of cadres and masses to jointly promote comprehensive rural revitalization.

In Jiangjiaping Village, this "unison" has been transformed into tangible results.

Facing the past difficulty of low-value summer and autumn tea, where tea farmers only picked one season of spring tea, the city and county party committees provided front-line guidance, promoting the establishment of a working mechanism of branch co-building, industry alliance, and resource sharing, shifting industrial development toward "scale operation" and resource allocation toward "precision and efficiency."

With the guidance and support from higher levels, Jiangjiaping Village connected with leading enterprises, introduced two standardized modern production lines for green tea and black tea, achieved refined processing of summer and autumn tea, and created more jobs close to home. "Since May this year, more than 50 people have been picking tea every day, and we have paid about 200,000 yuan in labor costs," said Wu Qingqing, an employee of Nüwa Fenghuang Tea Co., Ltd.

Relying on the "village party branch + leading enterprise + cooperative + farmer" model, villagers receive rent from land transfer, wages from working in the garden, cash from selling fresh tea leaves, and shares from collective dividends, with an average annual household income increase of more than 5,000 yuan.

Five-level party secretaries grasp rural revitalization, linking layers, solid step by step.

Arriving at the Jiangjiaping Village Party and Mass Service Center, the first secretary stationed in the village, Zhang Hanzhao, was busy organizing monitoring ledgers. The thick notebook of visit records on the desk was densely filled with the dynamics of each household.

"When the Party Central Committee calls, we take action," Zhang Hanzhao said. "This year is the first year of normalized assistance, and precise assistance is key. We rely on a clear division of labor and close collaboration in the anti-poverty-return monitoring system to ensure that no one is left out of the safety-net policies."

Ankang City also integrated 1,300 first secretaries stationed in villages to implement "grouped services," allowing the Party's policies to take root at the grassroots level. Today, Jiangjiaping Village's tea garden area exceeds 2,700 mu, and it has been rated as a national 4A-level tourist attraction, receiving more than 200,000 visitors annually, and the road to comprehensive rural revitalization is broadening.

A Reply Letter Tempers the Original Aspiration

Reporters: Li Linwei, Jiang Hongbing

In summer, at 51 Guofu Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, in the Fudan University "Communist Manifesto" Exhibition Hall, the first complete Chinese translation of the Communist Manifesto rests quietly in the display case.

In the era of dark skies and harsh winds, Chen Wangdao (陈望道), in a simple thatched shed in Fenghuitang Village, Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province, his hometown, translated the Communist Manifesto day and night. So focused was he that while eating zongzi, he mistook ink for brown sugar and exclaimed, "It's so sweet!"

On November 29, 2012, General Secretary Xi Jinping, while visiting the "Road to Rejuvenation" exhibition, told this story to everyone and said: "The taste of truth is very sweet."

Ideals become ideals because they are lofty; faith becomes faith because it is persistent.

In May 2018, Fudan University, leveraging the red resource of former president Chen Wangdao's first translation of the Communist Manifesto, established the "Spark" (星火) party member volunteer service team. Over the years, this story has been told again and again.

"With faith in the heart, one can go far (心有所信，方能行远). Facing the future and walking well on the Long March of the new era, we even more need to strengthen our ideals and beliefs and strive hard with determination." On June 27, 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping replied to all members of the Fudan University "Communist Manifesto" Exhibition Hall party member volunteer service team, encouraging them to continue telling stories about ideals and beliefs well.

"I was deeply moved by 'With faith in the heart, one can go far,'" said Yao Zhouyi, a 2025 direct-entry PhD student at Fudan University's School of Journalism, who is a core member of the "Spark" team. "At that time, I made up my mind to become a spark that transmits the power of Marxist truth."

Studying over and over, telling over and over. First, self-study according to the book list provided by the teacher, then report at the study salon; follow experts and scholars to study the classic text of the Communist Manifesto word by word; before officially taking up the post, conduct in-depth study around the Communist Manifesto and the Party's innovative theories... In this process, Yao Zhouyi submitted an application to join the Party.

The firmness of ideals and beliefs comes from theoretical firmness. Since the new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has deployed a series of intra-Party centralized education campaigns, persisting in using the Party's innovative theories to consolidate the soul, guiding the majority of party members and cadres to supplement their spiritual calcium and stick to the spiritual home of Communists.

Shanghai is the birthplace of the Party. The local area focuses on leveraging the advantages of more than 600 red resources in the city, deeply carrying out the "Original Aspiration Lecture Hall" (初心讲堂) activities, launching special study courses on the Party's innovative theories at the Memorial Hall of the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and relying on Shanghai's "Smart Party Building" platform, party members and cadres experience their original aspirations and listen to party lessons online and offline, promoting the Party's innovative theory to enter the mind and heart.

How to tell the "sweet taste" of truth? At the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee School, Wang Gonglong, dean and professor of the School of Marxism, led the team to innovatively launch the "problem-driven teaching method," starting from a keyword and extending to the basic principles of Marxism, party history, and epochal issues, interspersed with a large number of historical details and vivid cases. "The great changes in the new era are vivid examples of the truth and practical power of Marxism," Wang Gonglong said.

Learn faith, but also learn methods. For developing the artificial intelligence industry, party members and cadres deeply understand the relationship between invisible achievements and visible achievements, cultivating the industry ecosystem with heart and emotion; for building a mega-city, party members and cadres earnestly understand the connotation and essence of "the people build the city for the people," exploring the construction of a grassroots deliberation platform like the "Everyone's Council" (人人议事厅)... Using the Party's innovative theories to arm the mind, guide practice, and promote work, party members and cadres repeatedly perceive the "sweetness" of truth in the combination of learning and application.

"As long as the faith is sincere and you are first moved yourself, you can move others," Yao Zhouyi said. The "Spark" team has grown from 30 members at its establishment to nearly 150 today, having conducted more than 5,100 explanations and lectures, serving over 180,000 audiences.

A Handshake Warms the Heart

Reporters: Meng Xiangfu, Wang Zhou

On Liulichang East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, Liu Kuo, a courier from Beijing Shunfeng Express Co., Ltd., was busy early in the morning. At around 7 a.m., he began delivering parcels in the residential area. Making phone calls, knocking on doors, dropping off parcels. Soon, shops opened one after another, and Liu Kuo went to the commercial street to deliver parcels until noon... By the end of the day, Liu Kuo processed nearly 200 parcels. "Although it's busy, the work is smooth," Liu Kuo said.

When talking about the changes over the years, Liu Kuo's thoughts went back seven years.

In February 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping walked into a courier station on Shitou Hutong, Qianmen, Beijing, to visit the couriers at work.

General Secretary Xi Jinping said with emotion: "Courier brothers" work is very hard, getting up early and working late, in all weathers, busier on holidays, like hardworking little bees, the most industrious workers, bringing convenience to everyone's lives.

Courier Liu Kuo and his colleagues listened to the general secretary's words on the spot and were greatly inspired.

"When I shook hands with General Secretary Xi Jinping, I felt especially warm and moved," he said.

Warm handshakes, caring inquiries—the general secretary was full of concern and remembrance for the new employment group.

In November 2024, General Secretary Xi Jinping made an important instruction on social work, emphasizing: "Prominently grasp the party building in new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups, and continuously enhance the Party's appeal, cohesion, and influence in emerging fields."

In recent years, the social work departments, together with relevant departments, have deeply studied what is "new" about party building in emerging fields, where the "difficulty" lies, and where the "implementation" lies. A series of solid measures have pushed party building in emerging fields to go deep and solid, helping the new employment group work more conveniently and live more smoothly.

Taking the Dashilan Street where Liulichang East Street is located as an example, the street party working committee focused on creating a "friendly block" for the new employment group, setting up a theme party and mass service center and the "Red Lantern Leading 'Bee'" (红栏先‘蜂’) party building service brand; linking with businesses and communities in the area to build 43 friendly service points, providing rest, medical emergency and other services.

Dashilan Street also set up a "Courier Discussion Hall" (小哥议事厅), establishing a closed-loop working mechanism of "collection - processing - feedback." Party members and cadres collected the demands of the "courier brothers" through visits, symposia, etc., installed more than 800 charging cabinets in the streets and alleys, and optimized more than 900 non-motor vehicle parking spaces.

In 2024, the Xicheng District Dashilan Express Industry Mobile Party Member Branch was established. This is the first mobile party member branch in the express industry in Beijing, with 22 courier brothers from 7 express companies joining. "The sense of belonging immediately became stronger," Liu Kuo said.

The changes in Dashilan Street are a microcosm. A relevant responsible comrade from the Social Work Department of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee introduced that on the one hand, they have made the protection of rights and interests of the new employment group solid, urged platform companies to optimize algorithms, and reduced the proportion of deductions. The city has built more than 140 one-stop mediation centers and dispute resolution sites, and built more than 2,000 friendly scenarios. On the other hand, they have strengthened the ideological guidance of the new employment group, flexibly established 238 party organizations of the new employment group, set up the "Beijing Brilliant New Voice" (京彩新声) propaganda group, and more than 150 representatives of the new employment group have been awarded honors such as "National Model Worker" and "China Youth May Fourth Medal." In addition, they have guided participation in governance, with more than 4,000 personnel from the new employment group concurrently serving as community grid workers and deputy building chiefs, and the city's 996 new employment group volunteer service teams have accumulated more than 130,000 service hours.

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of systems such as the "Beijing Action Plan for Integrating New Employment Groups into the Capital's Mega-City Governance," the rights and interests of Liu Kuo and his colleagues have been more strongly protected, and their sense of gain and happiness in work and life in the city has become stronger.

A Menu Shows Work Style

Reporters: Shi Yiqi, Zhang Tengyang

Braised chicken pieces in soy sauce, Fuping mixed stew, stir-fried pork with garlic sprouts, sautéed crown daisy with garlic, winter melon and meatball soup — a menu of four dishes and one soup. The staple food was also simple: pork dumplings, zucchini and vermicelli dumplings, rice, steamed rolls, and multigrain porridge.

This menu was written on December 29, 2012, by Jia Chunhong, the catering manager of a budget hotel in Fuping County, Hebei Province.

It was deep winter, and General Secretary Xi Jinping came to Fuping County, Hebei Province for inspection and had dinner at this budget hotel in the county town that evening.

"When I saw the general secretary that evening, I was both nervous and excited," Jia Chunhong recalled the scene vividly. The four dishes and one soup were all local home-style dishes, with no alcohol served. "Ten people at a table, and they ate very cleanly. I never expected the general secretary to be so frugal! Before leaving the hotel, the general secretary specifically instructed the staff to settle the bill and not leave any burden on others."

Liu Xiaowang, then a reception clerk in the county party committee office, said with emotion: "This entire inspection adhered to the principle of truth and pragmatism, only to see the true face of the poor areas in their original state and hear the true voices from the grassroots."

Just over 20 days before this inspection trip outside Beijing, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held a meeting to deliberate and adopt the "Eight-Point Regulation of the Eighteenth Central Political Bureau on Improving Work Style and Maintaining Close Ties with the Masses" (十八届中央政治局关于改进工作作风、密切联系群众的八项规定). General Secretary Xi Jinping said earnestly: "Just need to be a little uncomfortable, a little unaccustomed. If we are a little uncomfortable and a little unaccustomed, the people's comfort level will be a little better, their satisfaction will be a little higher, and their feelings toward us will be a little better."

The top sets the example, the whole Party acts together, and a profound change in work style that deeply cleansed the entire Party and society quietly occurred.

"With the implementation of the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, the burden of grassroots reception has been significantly reduced," said Han Yuxia, who is in charge of the county party committee office's official reception work, witnessing the standardization of local reception work.

In 2025, Fuping issued the "Administrative Measures for Domestic Official Reception of Party and Government Organs" (党政机关国内公务接待管理办法). The "Measures" stipulate that reception recipients should dine on their own according to prescribed standards. If they need the receiving unit to assist in arranging meals, they should pay meal fees in a timely manner according to relevant regulations. Work meals should provide home-style dishes, and must not provide high-end dishes or dishes made from wild protected animals, must not provide cigarettes, and must not serve alcohol...

"We have improved the whole-chain management system for official reception, building a closed-loop mechanism of pre-event approval, in-process control, and post-event archiving," said Zhang Ze, director of the Party Style and Clean Government Supervision Office of the Fuping County Commission for Discipline Inspection. "Adhering to the strict tone, we strike at first sight and severely punish violations that go against the wind, continuously strengthen deterrence, and the discipline and rule awareness of cadres across the county has been continuously enhanced, and violations have decreased year by year."

Jia Chunhong also said that extravagance and competition have long disappeared from the dining table, and seasonal vegetables and local home-style dishes have become mainstream, making dining more pragmatic, close to the people, and in line with the public. The hotel has fully implemented the "Clean Plate Campaign" (光盘行动), and diners consciously practice the concept of thrift, proactively packing leftover food to take home.

The Central Eight-Point Regulation is a long-term effective iron rule and hard bar. "I hope the iron rule will be persisted in, and the good work style will be carried forward," Jia Chunhong said.

An Apple Reveals the True Character

Reporters: Zhang Yang, Liu Hongchao

Approaching "July 1st," the Liaoshen Campaign Memorial Hall in Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, is crowded with visitors. In the Martyrs' Hall, a faded banner reading "Army of Benevolence and Righteousness" (仁义之师) hangs quietly, and visitors slow down, stopping to gaze.

As early as August 2022, General Secretary Xi Jinping came here and was very familiar with the story behind the banner—

During the Liaoshen Campaign, the apples in the Jinzhou countryside were already ripe, but the People's Liberation Army soldiers passing by, though hungry and thirsty, did not pick a single one. The people's army led by the Communist Party of China won the hearts of the people with iron discipline.

"Chairman Mao said, 'Not eating is noble, while eating is contemptible, because these are the people's apples.' Such apples, we cannot eat even now," General Secretary Xi Jinping said.

In January last year, General Secretary Xi Jinping told this story again in Liaoning, asking to "promote cadres at all levels to truly be pragmatic, honest, and self-disciplined."

An apple, traversing history. Today, comprehensive and strict governance of the Party is developing in depth, and the construction of a clean culture in the new era is going deep and solid, effectively promoting the vast majority of party members and cadres to be clean and work, exercise power with integrity, and benefit the people.

Driving about 20 minutes from the Liaoshen Campaign Memorial Hall, one arrives at the Jinzhou Apple Clean Government Cultural Education Base. The sculpture "The People's Apples" (人民的苹果) is eye-catching. Entering the special exhibition hall, following a series of historical pictures and precious artifacts, commentator Sun Yimeng is telling the story eloquently.

"Using the 'People's Apples' as the background, we tell the development thread from the 'Two Musts' (两个务必) to the 'Three Musts' (三个务必), telling the Party's fine work style, strict discipline, and original aspiration of serving the people to everyone who comes in," Sun Yimeng said.

"Not eating apples reflects iron discipline; 秋毫无犯 (qiū háo wú fàn - 'not to commit the slightest offense,' to be extremely disciplined and not harm the people) demonstrates the original aspiration of serving the people. We must inherit the red genes, carry forward the red lineage, establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, insist on exercising power with integrity, and effectively safeguard and develop the interests of the masses," said Guan Hua, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of the Standing Committee of the Jinzhou Municipal People's Congress, during the study and research tour.

The more clearly one understands, the more resolutely one acts. In recent years, Jinzhou has deeply explored the connotation of "apples," promoting the construction of a clean culture in the new era from exhibition hall lectures to grassroots practice, from spiritual baptism to action for the people.

On the one hand, hold the bottom line of "not eating apples." Jinzhou closely monitors people's livelihood areas such as rural "three assets" (三资, resources, assets, funds), medical care, and education, and carries out concentrated rectification of unhealthy tendencies and corruption around the masses.

On the other hand, answer the test paper of "planting apples for the people." Building a direct platform for enterprise-related policies, normalizing government-enterprise communication activities, improving 32 law enforcement and supervision systems... Jinzhou strives to optimize the business environment and protect the healthy development of business entities.

Only by being clean can one work boldly, and work until the masses are satisfied. The Jinzhou Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision stationed personnel in the 12345 government service hotline platform and government service hall to carry out embedded supervision, and promoted "one-code supervision" at 283 government service windows across the city. Today, in Jinzhou, government services are becoming more standardized and efficient, with more than 900 items being available for immediate pickup within two hours.

"The test questions of the times are always new, but the original aspiration to serve the people is eternal," said Zhao Yu, director of the Party Style and Clean Government Supervision Office of the Jinzhou Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection. "We adhere to the strict tone without wavering, using clean and honest atmosphere to moisten people's hearts and escort high-quality development. The people's apples, we can never eat."

In summer, on the land of western Liaoning, the new fruits hanging on the branches are bright, full, and heavy.

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Zhang Yang, Meng Xiangfu, Shi Yiqi, Li Linwei, He Zhaoyu

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Transform the power of thought into a strong driving force for advancing the cause.

Studying and Implementing Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building is an Important Political Task for the Entire Party for the Present and Future

Studying and implementing Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building is an important political task for the entire Party for the current period and for some time to come. The deeper the thought is studied, the more solidly Party building is carried out, and the greater the strength for development.

Today marks the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. This edition invites five Party members and cadres to share their understanding and insights from deeply studying and carefully comprehending Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building, to recount the practical gains from transforming theoretical learning outcomes into concrete actions for fulfilling duties and undertaking endeavors, and to inspire the vast number of Party members and cadres to persist in integrating learning, thinking, and application, unifying knowledge, belief, and action, to be loyal in protecting the Party, to strive wholeheartedly to strengthen the Party, and to effectively transform the power of thought into a strong driving force for advancing the cause of development.

— Editor

Immerse Your Heart in the Masses, Focus Your Efforts on Urgent Development Needs

Wang Xingyong

Among the "Ten Persistences" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building, "Persisting in Never Forgetting the Original Aspiration and Keeping the Mission Firmly in Mind" represents the Party's purpose, stance, and value orientation. The original aspiration and mission of Chinese Communists is to seek happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation.

In the 1960s, Comrade Jiao Yulu led the vast number of Party members, cadres, and the masses in Lankao County to combat windblown sand, fight waterlogging, and control saline-alkali land, interpreting the sincere original aspiration of Communists with his life. After I came to work in Lankao, I often pondered: Today, how should we take up the baton of history and lead the masses towards an even happier and better life?

Take benefiting the people as the greatest political achievement, starting from the most difficult masses, tackling the most prominent problems, and proceeding from the most realistic interests. We coordinated efforts to solve the prominent problem of "oversized classes" in urban schools, adding 15,000 school places; implemented measures such as sharing medical examination results within the medical community, reducing the cost of medical treatment for the masses by 12%... In the process of solving one urgent, difficult, and anxious problem after another for the masses, we demonstrate responsibility for the people and convey the warmth of people's livelihood.

"What plays a decisive role in establishing and practicing a correct view on political achievements is Party spirit." Although Comrade Jiao Yulu worked in Lankao for only a little over a year, everything he did was for long-term planning and laying foundations. Today, facing arduous and heavy tasks of reform, development, and maintaining stability, we must carry forward the spirit of 钉钉子精神 (dīng dīng zi jīng shén - "spirit of driving the nail," persevering until the task is done), not seeking to make a splash with everything, but ensuring that every task has a result. The most important thing is to immerse our hearts in the masses and focus our efforts on the urgent needs of development.

Examining the past to verify the present allows one to avoid confusion. Looking back at the 105-year Party history, our Party has repeatedly crossed turbulent rapids and dangerous shoals, continuously moving from victory to victory. This has been inseparable from a strong and capable leading core and the scientific guidance of the Party's innovative theories. Drawing wisdom and strength from the Party's centenary-plus struggle, Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building profoundly answers the questions "Why were we able to succeed in the past?" and "How can we continue to succeed in the future?" The "Ten Persistences," embodying the radiance of truth, deeply grasp the inherent connection between managing and governing the Party, revitalizing and strengthening the Party, and strengthening the nation and achieving rejuvenation. They are also our unwavering commitment to overcoming difficulties, braving dangerous shoals, and embarking on the new journey.

In the past, Lankao was plagued by the "three evils" (sand, waterlogging, saline-alkali) and had a weak development foundation. Fortunately, Comrade Jiao Yulu led everyone in extensively planting paulownia trees, which locked down the windblown sand. Relying on paulownia resources, Lankao has vigorously developed modern home furnishing and national musical instrument industries in recent years. Based on the reality of being a large plain, large agricultural area, with interwoven villages and fields, we are promoting rural revitalization on a district-by-district basis. As time passes, the Party has always led the masses in scientific planning, arduous struggle, and hard work. Party leadership and Party building are the keys to Lankao's transformation.

"Let my single drop of water merge into a vast expanse of clear blue." On the new journey, there is still much work to be done. We will carry forward the spirit of Jiao Yulu, using tangible achievements to advance the cause and win the trust of the masses.

(The author is the Secretary of the Lankao County Party Committee, Kaifeng City, Henan Province. Compiled from an interview by People's Daily reporter Zhao Shuaijie.)

Doing a Good Job of Conveying the Truth, Imparting Knowledge, and Resolving Doubts in the New Era

Liu Ming

Thought is power. Emphasizing ideological Party building and theoretical strengthening is a distinctive feature and glorious tradition of our Party. On the occasion of the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee's clarification of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building is of profound and far-reaching significance for enriching and developing contemporary Chinese Marxism and Marxism in the 21st century, and for promoting the continuous improvement of the entire Party's ideological and theoretical level.

Through over a hundred years of trials and hardships, the Communist Party of China has grown from having only over 50 members at its founding to becoming the world's largest governing party, with over 100 million members, more than 5 million primary-level Party organizations, and leading a country of over 1.4 billion people. The Party's "physical form" is getting larger, and the composition of its membership and its own conditions are undergoing major and profound changes. The problems faced by Party building are more acute and complex than ever before. Focusing on the major contemporary issue of "what kind of long-term Marxist ruling party to build and how to build a long-term Marxist ruling party," Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building systematically answers a series of major questions concerning what to do and how to do it in managing and governing the Party in the new era.

Party schools are the main front for cadre education and training. As a teacher at a Party school, to do a good job of conveying the truth, imparting knowledge, and resolving doubts in the new era, one must unremittingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to consolidate souls and inspire minds, continuously deepen the research and interpretation of the Party's innovative theories, and fully leverage the unique value of cultivating talents for the Party and offering advice for the Party.

Having worked at a Party school for 22 years, I have deeply realized that only by "truly making vivid thoughts vivid and making thorough theories thorough" can we help students understand patterns, clarify directions, learn methods, and increase wisdom, thereby consciously using the powerful ideological weapon of the Party's innovative theories to analyze and solve practical problems in further deepening reform comprehensively and advancing Chinese-style modernization.

To teach the lesson "'Four Work Methods at the Grassroots Level' is an Important Magic Weapon for Enriching the People and Revitalizing the Nation" well, I went to Liangjiahe Village, Yan'an, Shaanxi for study visits; conducted in-depth research in Xiatian Community, Shenzhen, Fujian; Xipi Village, Fu'an City; Xianshan Pasture, Pingnan County; Xiapu County Party School; Cangxia Community, Fuzhou, and other places; and systematically studied interview records such as "Xi Jinping in Fujian." This laid a solid foundation for me to clearly explain the era background, vivid practices, and practical implications of the "Four Work Methods at the Grassroots Level." This also made me deeply realize that studying, researching, and propagating the Party's innovative theories must be combined with General Secretary Xi Jinping's important concepts and major practices during his work in local areas, to understand the formation and development process of the theoretical system more completely, accurately, and comprehensively, to find the consistent and coherent ideological concepts within, and to figure out why things were done this way and what reference significance they hold for today.

In the future, I will study Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building even more diligently, stand firm on the podium, produce high-quality results in researching and interpreting this important thought, and consciously become a firm believer and faithful practitioner of the Party's innovative theories in the new era.

(The author is the Director of the Party Building Teaching and Research Department of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee Party School. Compiled from an interview by People's Daily reporter Fu Wen.)

Being a Good Nerve Ending Connecting the Party with the Grassroots Masses

Zhao Naixiang

I am a veteran Party member who has been rooted in the community for 23 years. From a laid-off female worker to the Secretary of the Community Party Committee, my identity has changed, but my original aspiration as a Communist Party member has never changed.

"Community Party organizations are the nerve endings connecting the Party with the grassroots masses and must play a leading role in the community. When community Party organizations are well-established and strong, community work has its backbone." On June 19, 2024, General Secretary Xi Jinping came to our community for inspection and research. This warm reminder gave me a deeper understanding of the political responsibility of community Party organizations — although the nerve endings are small, they directly connect with the hearts of the masses; although they are fine, they must accurately transmit the Party's voice.

Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building is rich in content and rigorous in system, taking "Persisting in Improving the Organizational System that Connects the Upper and Lower Levels and Ensures Effective Execution" as an important aspect of the "Ten Persistences." This is where the Party's advantages and strength lie. To effectively enhance the ability of primary-level Party organizations to lead primary-level governance, our community has grown from the initial 4 residential community Party branches to 18 over the years. We have also built a four-level organizational chain of "Community Party Committee — Residential Community Party Branch — Building Party Group — Party Member Central Household," subdividing into 520 "micro-grids." In our community, matters concerning the masses, such as water and electricity repairs and elderly care, are always responded to and resolved promptly. Serving the masses and benefiting the masses have always been our starting point and ultimate goal for doing a good job in primary-level governance.

Organization is the "form," and thought is the "soul." In earlier years, some Party members were not active in participating in organizational life. So, I came up with a "local method" — making a small flag for each Party member, and sticking a smiling face pattern on the flag each time they participated in an activity. This small measure stimulated everyone's collective sense of honor and belonging. Now, the 669 Party members under our direct management not only actively participate in organizational life themselves but also actively drive the masses to participate in community governance. The Party organization's appeal, cohesion, and influence are continuously strengthening.

Recently, we organized a study of the scientific connotation of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building. When I learned that "'Persisting in Governing the Party by Institutions and Regulations' is the long-term and fundamental strategy for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party," I was deeply touched. Over the years, with the deepening and expansion of rectifying formalism to reduce burdens at the grassroots level, the long-term mechanism for reducing burdens at the grassroots level has been continuously improved. We have more energy to do practical things for the people, and the backbone role of community Party organizations has become increasingly prominent.

On the new journey, we will continue to be good nerve endings connecting the Party with the grassroots masses under the unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. I firmly believe that as long as every primary-level Party organization is strong and capable, and every Party member plays a vanguard and exemplary role, the Party's cause will be invincible.

(The author is the Secretary of the Party Committee of Changcheng Huayuan Community, Jinfeng District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Compiled from an interview by People's Daily reporter Qin Ruijie.)

Let Cadres Grow Their Abilities and Strengthen Their Mettle Through Storms and Exposure to the World

Wang Zhihong

The key to governance lies in obtaining the right people. On the main battlefield of poverty alleviation, cadres dedicated themselves wholeheartedly; on the front line of earthquake relief, Party member commando units charged forward... Each and every instance profoundly confirms that "Persisting in Building a High-Quality Cadre Team Capable of Shouldering the Task of National Rejuvenation" is a key issue concerning the cause of the Party and the state.

Chengwu County, Shandong Province, is the hometown of Bo Le, known in ancient times for the wisdom of "appraising horses." But my experience is that cultivating cadres relies not only on "appraising" but even more on "racing." We have promoted a "frontline horse racing" work mechanism, continuously pushing cadres from county-level direct organs to take up temporary or formal posts on the front lines of comprehensive rural revitalization, petitioning and maintaining stability, etc., allowing cadres to grow their abilities and strengthen their mettle through storms and exposure to the world.

Practice is the best classroom for cultivating cadres. There was a young man who had written materials in a county-level direct organ for 5 years. Last year, he volunteered to take a temporary post in a township. His reason was simple: "I've written materials about development for 5 years, but I'm not sure how development is actually going." Later, the organization sent him to a town that had just started developing specialty planting. Initially, the local people were not convinced, and village cadres thought he was too "bookish." When we went to see him half a year later, he was tanned and thinner, squatting in the field discussing greenhouse technology with villagers. Last year, the area of vegetable greenhouses in that town expanded by 30%. He also wrote a research report of over 10,000 words, filled with detailed data and practical methods.

There was also a quiet girl who was assigned to a village with complex conflicts. Initially, we were a bit worried she couldn't handle it, but she slowly figured out communication methods like chatting about daily life with elderly women and calculating detailed accounts with elderly men, and she managed to properly resolve a homestead dispute that had dragged on for two years.

This is precisely the original intention of "frontline horse racing": not for gilding, but for steelmaking. For Party members and cadres, the issue of work style is fundamentally an issue of Party spirit. To persist in tempering a strong Party spirit, one must carry forward the spirit of struggle, understand the weight of responsibility and shoulder heavy burdens, understand difficulties and overcome them, understand responsibilities and fulfill them.

Good cadres are selected, but they are also cultivated and managed. We thoroughly understand each cadre's professional background, personality traits, etc., assign tasks accordingly, and improve the precision of training and development. We have established 5 "frontline supervision and assessment teams," which go deep into project sites and village lanes at irregular times, without prior notice or listening to reports, only observing what they are doing, how their relationship with the masses is, and whether they shy away from difficulties. Those who perform poorly are criticized as needed and recalled as needed.

As a functional department responsible for managing the Party, the organization department must take the lead in studying and implementing Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building, and strive to promote high-quality development of organizational work. In the next step, we plan to deepen and expand the "frontline horse racing" mechanism. In addition to the organization assigning tasks, we will also allow cadres to "step forward and claim challenges" themselves. By further strengthening and improving the work of selecting, educating, managing, and using cadres, we strive to cultivate and create pillars of talent capable of shouldering the heavy responsibilities of the era.

(The author is a member of the Standing Committee and Head of the Organization Department of the Chengwu County Party Committee, Heze City, Shandong Province. Compiled from an interview by People's Daily reporter Li Rui.)

Enable Cadres to Reform, Innovate, and Undertake Endeavors While Abiding by Discipline and Regulations

Hong Hanyue

People often say that a region's development depends on projects in the short term, policies in the medium term, and the environment in the long term. This environment refers to the business environment, which reflects the political ecosystem. In the past, when people went to the administrative service center to handle matters, if they didn't bring all the required documents, a response like "Come back when you have everything" was common. This seemed like a service issue, but the root cause lay in the work style of cadres.

Persisting in promoting the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style improvement, we created the "Leading Pioneer" Party building brand and established Party member responsibility posts. Even if the masses haven't brought all the required documents, as a Party member, one cannot simply brush them off or handle things perfunctorily, but must proactively step forward and actively coordinate to solve the problem.

Work style is image; work style is power. We transformed 6 window Party branches, including those for human resources, social security, and real estate registration, into battle fortresses, forming a model of "front desk comprehensive acceptance, backstage classified approval, unified window output." We also built a "Enterprise Calls, I Respond" platform, allowing enterprises to quickly report their demands, with complex issues being resolved or solutions proposed within 5 working days. Today, many enterprises in Quzhou know that "instead of looking for leaders, look for the window; instead of looking for connections, look for the platform." Practice has fully proven: "The more effective the management and governance of the Party, the stronger the guarantee for economic and social development."

The process of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party is also a process of motivating cadres to take on responsibilities and act. During the innovative promotion of the value-added reform of government services, the Party Leadership Group of the Quzhou City Business Environment Construction Office persisted in implementing the political responsibility of managing and governing the Party, deeply grasped the relationship between strict management and supervision and encouraging responsibility and action, and established both strict discipline and a mechanism for tolerating errors and correcting them, enabling cadres to reform, innovate, and undertake endeavors while abiding by discipline and regulations.

There was an enterprise that won a bid for a building 10 years ago but could never obtain the property rights certificate due to incomplete procedures. We took the lead in organizing a joint acceptance inspection by 9 departments, and in just over 20 days, helped the enterprise solve the problem. In the past, facing complex historical issues involving multiple departments, some cadres had many concerns. Now, with institutional guarantees, those who take responsibility are backed up, allowing doers to focus wholeheartedly on their work.

The great practice of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party in the new era is a powerful testament to the truth power and practical force of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building. When power always operates within the track of the rule of law, when Party members and cadres establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, focusing their energy on clean and bold endeavors, and when a cordial and clean relationship between government and business is established, enterprises can operate with confidence and develop with peace of mind.

In the next step, we will deeply study and implement Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building, integrate the requirements of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party throughout the entire process of building the business environment, and continuously strive to create a market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized first-class business environment, so that more enterprises are willing to come, stay, and develop well.

(The author is the Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Director of the Quzhou City Business Environment Construction Office, Zhejiang Province. Compiled from an interview by People's Daily reporter Dou Hanyang.)

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本版责编：杨彦 孙振 戴林峰 刘雨瑞

Layout design: Zhang Danfeng (张丹峰)

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Seeking Happiness for the Chinese People and Rejuvenation for the Chinese Nation

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that we must study and summarize the Party's history well, inherit and carry forward the Party's valuable experiences well, remember the course of struggle, assume the historical mission, and draw strength to advance from the Party's history of struggle.

The Museum of the Communist Party of China has meticulously designed four sections: "Founding the Communist Party of China and Achieving Great Victory in the New Democratic Revolution," "Establishing the People's Republic of China and Carrying Out Socialist Revolution and Construction," "Implementing Reform and Opening Up and Pioneering and Developing Socialism with Chinese Characteristics," and "Pioneering a New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects, and Embarking on a New Journey to Fully Build a Modern Socialist Country." Through over 4,500 pieces (sets) of precious cultural relics and artifacts and more than 2,500 historical photographs, it comprehensively, throughout the entire process, panoramically, and epically displays the magnificent and turbulent course of the Communist Party of China, and vividly reflects the Party's history of unremitting struggle, history of fearing no sacrifice, history of theoretical exploration, history of benefiting the people, and history of self-construction. It has become a spiritual hall showcasing the history of the Communist Party of China's struggle.

—— Editor

History of Unrelenting Struggle

The history of unrelenting struggle is the history of our Party uniting and leading the people in unremitting struggle to achieve national independence, people's liberation, and national prosperity and the happiness of the people, always inspiring the entire Party to steadfastly fulfill its original aspiration and mission.

The site of the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China is located at No. 106 Wangzhi Road, Shanghai (now No. 76 Xingye Road), a building in typical Shanghai shikumen style. On July 23, 1921, delegates from various places gathered here to convene the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

At the meeting, the name of the Party was determined as "the Communist Party of China," and the Party's leading body—the Central Bureau—was elected. Due to the venue attracting the attention of spies and a search by foreign police, the meeting on the final day was moved to a pleasure boat on South Lake in Jiaxing, Zhejiang.

The convening of the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China proclaimed the founding of the Communist Party of China. The Communist Party of China represents not only the interests of the working class but also the interests of the entire Chinese people and the Chinese nation.

From October 1934 to October 1936, the First, Second, and Fourth Front Armies and the 25th Army of the Red Army conducted the great Long March.

During the Long March, the heroic Red Army fought bloody battles at the Xiang River, crossed the Chishui River four times, skillfully crossed the Jinsha River, forced the Dadu River, seized the Luding Bridge, fought fiercely at Dushu Town, captured Baozao bravely, maneuvered in the Wumeng Mountains, repelled millions of vicious pursuers and blockers, conquered thin-air ice mountains and snowy ridges, traversed uninhabited swamps and grasslands, marched through more than ten provinces, and advanced twenty-five thousand li.

On October 9, 1936, the First and Fourth Front Armies of the Red Army joined forces at Huining, Gansu. On October 22, the First and Second Front Armies of the Red Army joined forces at Jiangtaibao in Longde, Gansu (now part of Xiji, Ningxia). Thus, the three main forces of the Red Army triumphantly joined forces.

The victory of the Long March achieved a great turning point for the Communist Party of China and the Chinese revolutionary cause from setbacks to victory, and initiated a new great march of the Communist Party of China to struggle for national independence and people's liberation.

History of Fearlessness of Sacrifice

The history of fearlessness of sacrifice is the history of our Party being unafraid of sacrifice for national prosperity, national rejuvenation, and people's happiness, always inspiring the entire Party to uphold ideals and beliefs.

Yang Jingyu (杨靖宇) was one of the main leaders of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army and the principal founder of the Independent Division of the First Army of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army. After the September 18 Incident, in accordance with organizational arrangements, Yang Jingyu led his troops in long-term mobile warfare, attacking Japanese and puppet forces, making a name in the Northeast, and effectively coordinating with the national War of Resistance against Japan. On February 23, 1940, at Sandao Waizi in Mengjiang, Jilin (吉林濛江三道崴子), Yang Jingyu died a heroic death at the age of 35. In 1946, the Tonghua Detachment of the Northeast Democratic Allied Army was renamed the Yang Jingyu Detachment.

Yang Jingyu's indomitable fighting will and eternally upright spine are a shining coordinate of the nation. The spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, as the spiritual outlook and ideological character displayed in the war by the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army led by the Communist Party of China, is a concrete manifestation of the great spirit of the War of Resistance, a precious spiritual asset of the Chinese people, and an important component of the spiritual genealogy of Chinese Communists.

After graduating with a master's degree, Huang Wenxiu (黄文秀) chose to return to her hometown to devote herself to the construction of the old revolutionary base areas. In 2018, Huang Wenxiu volunteered to go to Baini Village (百坭村), Xinhua Town, Leye County, Baise City, Guangxi, a place with harsh conditions, to serve as the First Secretary stationed in the village. In June 2019, Huang Wenxiu encountered a flash flood on her way back to her post, and her life at the age of 30 was forever frozen on the road to poverty alleviation. During her 1 year and 82 days as the first secretary stationed in Baini Village, she helped 88 households and 418 people in the entire village escape poverty. After her sacrifice, Huang Wenxiu was posthumously awarded titles such as "National Outstanding Communist Party Member," "Role Model of the Times," and "National Role Model in Poverty Alleviation." The vest that Huang Wenxiu wore when serving as the first secretary stationed in the village witnessed Comrade Huang Wenxiu's struggle path of courageous responsibility, and also became a vivid material evidence of the poverty alleviation spirit of "unity of purpose at all levels, deploying the best forces, precision and pragmatism, pioneering and innovation, overcoming difficulties, and living up to the people."

History of Theoretical Exploration

The history of theoretical exploration is the history of our Party combining the basic principles of Marxism with China's specific realities and with the excellent traditional Chinese culture, constantly advancing the Sinicization of Marxism, and conducting theoretical exploration, always inspiring the entire Party to continuously promote theoretical innovation and engage in theoretical creation.

The first complete Chinese translation of the Communist Manifesto was 56 pages, in small 32-mo format, with a red-printed half-length portrait of Marx on the cover, below which the characters "马格斯" (Magesi) were written from right to left. Due to a typesetting oversight, the title on the cover was misprinted. After the first edition of the first complete Chinese translation was published in August 1920, it quickly sold out. To meet reader demand and also to correct the printing error of the title in the first edition, the Communist Manifesto was reprinted in September of the same year. The reprint was identical to the first edition except that the title was corrected to "共产党宣言" (Communist Manifesto), the cover was printed in blue, and the publication date was changed.

The first complete Chinese translation of the Communist Manifesto played an incalculable role in propagating Marxism and promoting the development of the socialist movement in China.

In the Party's history of over one hundred years, three historical resolutions have been formed: In 1945, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Party adopted in principle the Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party; in 1981, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party adopted the Resolution on Certain Questions in the History of Our Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China; in 2021, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Party adopted the Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party's Hundred-Year Struggle.

All three historical resolutions were made at critical historical junctures, and all have historical significance and contemporary value in unifying the thinking of the entire Party, uniting the people in struggle, and promoting the creation of the future. Studying and applying these three historical resolutions well is of great historical and practical significance for correctly understanding the major achievements and historical experience of the Party's over one hundred years of struggle, and for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization.

History of Benefiting the People

The history of benefiting the people is the history of our Party adhering to the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly and unswervingly working for the people's benefit, always inspiring the entire Party to uphold the glorious revolutionary tradition.

In November 2013, at Shibadong Village (十八洞村), Huayuan County, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan, General Secretary Xi Jinping first put forward the concept of "targeted poverty alleviation" (精准扶贫). In February 2021, the National Poverty Alleviation Summary and Commendation Conference was held. China achieved a comprehensive victory in the fight against poverty. Under the current standards, all 98.99 million rural poor people were lifted out of poverty, all 832 poor counties were removed from the poverty list, all 128,000 poor villages were removed from the poverty list, regional overall poverty was resolved, and the arduous task of eradicating absolute poverty was completed.

On July 1, 2021, at the celebration of the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping solemnly declared that a moderately prosperous society had been built in all respects on the land of China.

On September 21, 2017, the Fuxing high-speed train set achieved operation at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour on the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, making China the country with the fastest railway operating speed in the world. The key system software of the Fuxing high-speed train set was all independently developed by China. Among 254 important standards, Chinese standards account for 84%, with safety, economy, energy saving, and environmental protection performance demonstrating world-class excellence. China has built the world's largest, fastest-operating, and fully independently intellectual property rights high-speed railway network.

History of Self-Construction

The history of self-construction is the history of our Party, in order to maintain advanced nature and purity, daring to promote self-reform and continuously strengthening its own construction, always inspiring the entire Party to persist in promoting self-reform.

In October 1939, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, in accordance with the needs of the War of Resistance against Japan, established the inner-Party publication "Communist" (《共产党人》). Comrade Mao Zedong wrote the inaugural issue's foreword, for the first time clearly proposing "to build a Bolshevikized Communist Party of China that is national in scope, broadly mass-based, and fully consolidated ideologically, politically, and organizationally." To this day, the ideas in the article regarding Party building and the united front still have guiding significance. It encapsulates the valuable experience of the early revolution, deeply reveals the laws of development of the Chinese revolution, and is an indispensable important piece for understanding the theory of Party building.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Comrade Jiao Yulu set an example for county Party secretaries" and "To be a county Party secretary, one must be a Jiao Yulu-style county Party secretary." Comrade Jiao Yulu went to work in Lankao County, Henan in December 1962 and died of overwork in May 1964. Lankao County is located in the old course of the Yellow River in eastern Henan, plagued by wind-blown sand, saline-alkali land, and waterlogging. From leading the way to check wind gaps, probe quicksand, and observe water conditions in the strongest winds and pouring rain, to leading cadres to visit the poor and ask about hardships in overwhelming wind and snow; from patching and mending clothes, hats, shoes, and socks over and over, to drafting the "Ten Prohibitions for Cadres" to make specific provisions on cadres' honesty and self-discipline... Comrade Jiao Yulu, through his own practical actions, shaped the glorious image of an outstanding Communist Party member and an outstanding county Party secretary, and forged the Jiao Yulu spirit of being close to the people and loving the people, hard work and plain living, scientific and pragmatic, facing difficulties head-on, and selfless dedication.

The "July 1 Medal" (七一勋章) is the highest honor within the Party, decided by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, with the certificate signed and awarded by the General Secretary of the Central Committee, and is conferred on Party members who have made outstanding contributions to the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the new great project of Party building. The Party and the state have always attached great importance to the work of medals and commendations. Whether it is the "Red Flag Medal" (红旗勋章) and "Red Star Medal" (红星奖章) awarded during the revolutionary war period, or the "August 1 Medal" (八一勋章), "Medal of Independence and Freedom" (独立自由勋章), and "Liberation Medal" (解放勋章) awarded after the founding of New China... each medal fully demonstrates the respect of the entire Party and the whole society for heroes and the praise for advanced models, inspiring the centripetal force of unity, the cohesive force of concerted effort, and the combat effectiveness of unity of will in the entire Party and society.

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Understanding the Grand Power of the CPC’s Spiritual Pedigree Through the “Five Histories”

By: 李宗远

The great founding spirit of the Party is the source of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists. Over the past century and more, the Chinese Communists have carried forward the great founding spirit of the Party, building up the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists and forging a distinct political character through protracted struggle. The Museum of the Communist Party of China, as a landmark spiritual hall that bears the Party's history and manifests the revolutionary spirit, uses a panoramic, epic exhibition to unfold the Party's history of unremitting struggle, its history of fearing no sacrifice, its history of theoretical exploration, its history of seeking well-being for the people, and its history of self-construction. It interprets the historical logic, theoretical logic, and practical logic of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, providing a concrete and systematic reference for Party members, cadres, and the general public to deeply grasp the generative foundation, value core, and contemporary vitality of this spiritual lineage.

The history of unremitting struggle, advancing with determination, constitutes the ever-growing practical soil of the spiritual lineage. Amidst the perilous situation of a fragmented nation and a destitute populace in modern times, Chinese Communists took seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation as their original aspiration and mission. They rose up in desperate situations and forged ahead through hardships — from opening up the rural revolutionary path on the Jinggang Mountains to crossing myriad mountains and rivers on the Long March, from self-reliantly launching the Great Production Campaign in Nanniwan to generations of Saihanba people reclaiming forests from barren wastelands, from daring to explore and pioneer in the construction of special economic zones to the successive tackling of key problems and scaling of technological peaks by the scientific research teams of the Beidou and lunar exploration projects. Generation after generation of Communists have written chapters of struggle with hard work and tenacity. Artifacts and objects in the Museum of the Communist Party of China, such as the weapons and equipment from the three major campaigns, the crude tools used by oil workers, the construction machinery for building the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and the experimental equipment for space engineering exploring the universe, directly attest that struggle is the foundational color running through the spiritual lineage. Whether it is the Long March spirit, the special economic zone spirit, the Saihanba spirit, or the new-era Beidou spirit, all embody the character of facing difficulties head-on and forging ahead with enterprise. The grand practice of over a century of unremitting struggle continuously expands and enriches the contemporary connotation of the spiritual lineage.

The history of fearing no sacrifice, filled with songs of heroism and tears, forges the loyal and fearless spiritual backbone of the spiritual lineage. "Fearing no sacrifice and fighting valiantly" runs through the Party's history of struggle and is a distinct trait of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists. The Museum of the Communist Party of China displays the gallows used to execute Li Dazhao, the manuscript of Fang Zhimin's "Lovely China," the final letter written by Zhao Yiman to her young son, and the weapons used by the heroes of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army and the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea. These material carriers restore the tragic and stirring course of countless martyrs who sacrificed their lives for righteousness. The Red Rock martyrs, imprisoned, still held fast to their faith; the Volunteer Army soldiers fought bloodily to defend the country; Huang Wenxiu wrote a song of youth with her life... Countless Communists have placed life and death aside, tempering their loyalty and responsibility in the trials of blood and fire. The history of fearing no sacrifice reveals the distinct combative attribute of the spiritual lineage. Daring to struggle and willing to sacrifice in the face of internal and external risks, difficulties, and obstacles has become a common spiritual symbol of the Jinggangshan spirit, the Red Rock spirit, the spirit of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, and others.

The history of continuous and innovative theoretical exploration constructs the ideological core of the spiritual lineage in adhering to truth. Over the past 100-plus years, the course of Chinese Communists' continuous theoretical quest has persistently provided scientific theoretical guidance for the spiritual lineage. In the exhibition halls of the Museum of the Communist Party of China, the first complete Chinese translation of the *Communist Manifesto*, manuscripts of Mao Zedong's classic works, Party theoretical documents from different periods, and innovative theoretical works of the new era fully present the evolutionary thread of the Sinicization and modernization of Marxism. The Yan'an spirit, the reform and opening-up spirit, the spirit of scientists, and others are all concrete expressions of the Party's theoretical character of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, and being pragmatic and realistic. Without sustained theoretical exploration, the spirit would lose its ideological foundation. It is precisely the continuous quest for truth by generation after generation of Communists that allows the spiritual lineage to always possess firm ideal coordinates and maintain strong ideological appeal.

The profound and enduring history of seeking well-being for the people anchors the value destination of the spiritual lineage in living up to the people's trust. Serving the people wholeheartedly is the Party's fundamental purpose. In the Museum of the Communist Party of China, the salt earthenware jar that the Red Army distributed to villagers, the small bamboo pole used by the masses to support the front lines during the Huaihai Campaign, and the poverty alleviation responsibility letters signed by Party members and cadres in the new era link together the Party's shared journey with the people, "sharing salt when there is salt, sharing blandness when there is none." The military-civilian bond of "milk and water mingling, sharing life and death" on the Yimeng Mountains, the pursuit of unity and cooperation to benefit the people embodied in the Red Flag Canal spirit, and the mission of living up to the people in the fight against poverty all originate from the Party's practice of always rooting itself among the masses and working for their well-being. The history of seeking well-being for the people clearly elucidates the people-centered nature of the spiritual lineage. The starting point and ultimate goal of all great spirits are the people. "The country is the people, and the people are the country" profoundly answers the fundamental value proposition of for whom the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists is born and for whom it is carried forward.

The consistent history of self-construction manifests the inherent vitality of self-reform within the spiritual lineage. Over the past 100-plus years, the Party has always tempered its ranks through Party management and Party governance, continuously purifying the spiritual foundation. Documents in the Museum of the Communist Party of China, such as early anti-corruption documents, historical materials from the Yan'an Rectification Movement, exhibits related to the "Two Musts" of the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee, and documents like the Central Committee's Eight-Point Regulation since the 18th National Congress of the Party, fully display the historical thread of the Party's strict governance and management. The Zhang Side spirit interprets loyal dedication in ordinary posts; the Xibaipo spirit warns the entire Party to guard against arrogance and rashness. Generation after generation of Communists uphold their political character through self-purification and self-improvement.

Unremitting struggle, fearing no sacrifice, theoretical exploration, seeking well-being for the people, and self-construction run through and are unified in the Party's glorious history, giving rise to the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, with the great founding spirit of the Party as its source. Each artifact and object, each historical photograph, and each historical scene is a tangible carrier of the revolutionary spirit. Standing at a new historical juncture, only by understanding the spiritual code within Party history and continuously inheriting and promoting the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists can we draw the power of faith and the power of struggle from Party history, and write new chapters on the new journey of national rejuvenation.
(The author is the Director of the Museum of the Communist Party of China; compiled and edited by Zhang Yang, reporter of this newspaper)

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Zhang Ye, Wu Kai, Zhang Xiaoyu, Lin Ziye

**Issue Coordinators:** Chen Juan (陈娟), Wu Yan (吴燕)
**Layout Design:** Shen Yiling (沈亦伶), Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
**Photography for this Page:** Zhang Wujun (张武军), Liang Yin (梁茵)
**Chart Data Sources:** *Chronicle of Major Events of the Communist Party of China over the Past Century* (《中国共产党一百年大事记》), etc.

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Seeking Happiness for the Chinese People and Rejuvenation for the Chinese Nation

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that the Party's history must be thoroughly studied and summarized, the Party's valuable experiences must be inherited and carried forward, the course of struggle must be remembered, the historical mission must be shouldered, and the strength to advance must be drawn from the Party's history of struggle.

The Museum of the Communist Party of China has meticulously designed four sections: "Founding the Communist Party of China, Achieving Great Victory in the New Democratic Revolution," "Establishing the People's Republic of China, Carrying out Socialist Revolution and Construction," "Implementing Reform and Opening Up, Initiating and Developing Socialism with Chinese Characteristics," and "Opening a New Era of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, Completing the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects, Embarking on the New Journey to Build a Modern Socialist Country in All Respects." Through over 4,500 pieces (sets) of precious cultural relics and artifacts and more than 2,500 historical photographs, it comprehensively, throughout the entire process, panoramically, and epically displays the magnificent and turbulent course of the Communist Party of China, vividly reflecting the Party's history of unremitting struggle, history of fearing no sacrifice, history of theoretical exploration, history of benefiting the people, and history of self-construction, becoming a spiritual hall that showcases the history of the Communist Party of China's struggle.

— Editor

History of Unremitting Struggle

The history of unremitting struggle is the history of our Party uniting and leading the people in unremitting struggle to achieve national independence, the liberation of the people, and to realize national prosperity and strength and the people's well-being. It constantly inspires the entire Party to steadfastly fulfill its original aspiration and mission.

The site of the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China is located at No. 106 Wangzhi Road, Shanghai (now No. 76 Xingye Road), a typical Shanghai Shikumen-style building. On July 23, 1921, delegates from various places gathered here to convene the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

The meeting determined the Party's name as "the Communist Party of China" and elected the Party's leading body—the Central Bureau. Because the venue was noticed by spies and searched by foreign patrolmen, the final day's meeting was moved to a pleasure boat on South Lake in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province.

The convening of the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China proclaimed the founding of the Communist Party of China. The Communist Party of China represents not only the interests of the working class but also the interests of the entire Chinese people and the Chinese nation.

From October 1934 to October 1936, the First, Second, and Fourth Front Armies of the Red Army, along with the 25th Army, carried out the great Long March.

During the Long March, the heroic Red Army fought bloody battles at the Xiang River, crossed the Chishui River four times, skillfully crossed the Jinsha River, forced the Dadu River, captured the Luding Bridge by flying assault, fought fiercely at Dushu Town, bravely conquered Baozuo, maneuvered through the Wumeng Mountains, repelled millions of ferocious pursuing and blocking enemies, conquered icy, snow-covered mountains with thin air, traversed uninhabited swamps and grasslands, covered over ten provinces, and marched 25,000 li.

On October 9, 1936, the First and Fourth Front Armies of the Red Army joined forces in Huining, Gansu Province. On October 22, the First and Second Front Armies of the Red Army joined forces at Jiangtaibao in Longde, Gansu Province (now part of Xiji, Ningxia). Thus, the three main forces of the Red Army successfully joined forces.

The victory of the Long March achieved a great turning point for the Communist Party of China and the Chinese revolutionary cause from setbacks to victory, and initiated a new great advance by the Communist Party of China to fight for national independence and the liberation of the people.

History of Fearing No Sacrifice

The history of fearing no sacrifice is the history of our Party fearing no sacrifice for the sake of national prosperity and strength, national rejuvenation, and the people's well-being. It constantly inspires the entire Party to uphold ideals and beliefs.

Yang Jingyu was one of the main leaders of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army and the main founder of the Independent Division of the First Army of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army.

After the September 18 Incident, according to organizational arrangements, Yang Jingyu led his troops in prolonged campaigns, attacking Japanese and puppet forces, shaking the Northeast, and effectively coordinating with the national War of Resistance Against Japan. On February 23, 1940, at Sandao Weizi in Mengjiang, Jilin, Yang Jingyu died a heroic death at the age of 35. In 1946, the Tonghua Detachment of the Northeast Democratic United Army was renamed the Yang Jingyu Detachment.

Yang Jingyu's indomitable fighting will and his ever-upright spine are shining coordinates of the nation. The spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army, as the spiritual outlook and ideological character displayed by the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army led by the Communist Party of China during the war, is a concrete manifestation of the great spirit of the War of Resistance, a precious spiritual wealth of the Chinese people, and an important component of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists.

After graduating with a master's degree, Huang Wenxiu chose to return to her hometown to participate in the construction of the old revolutionary base area. In 2018, Huang Wenxiu volunteered to serve as the first secretary stationed in Baini Village, Xinhua Town, Leye County, Baise City, Guangxi, a place with difficult conditions.

In June 2019, Huang Wenxiu encountered a flash flood on her way back to her post, and her life, at the age of 30, was forever halted on the path of poverty alleviation. During her 1 year and 82 days as the first secretary stationed in Baini Village, she helped 88 households and 418 people in the village escape poverty. After Huang Wenxiu's sacrifice, she was posthumously awarded titles such as "National Outstanding Communist Party Member," "Role Model of the Times," and "National Role Model in Poverty Alleviation."

The vest Huang Wenxiu wore while serving as the first secretary stationed in the village bears witness to Comrade Huang Wenxiu's courageous and responsible struggle, and has also become a vivid material testament to the spirit of poverty alleviation, characterized by "unity of purpose from top to bottom, mobilization of the best forces, precision and pragmatism, pioneering and innovation, overcoming difficulties, and living up to the people."

History of Theoretical Exploration

The history of theoretical exploration is the history of our Party combining the basic principles of Marxism with China's specific realities and with the excellent traditional Chinese culture, continuously advancing the Sinicization of Marxism, and conducting theoretical exploration. It constantly inspires the entire Party to continuously promote theoretical innovation and theoretical creation.

The first complete Chinese translation of the Communist Manifesto was 56 pages long, in small 32mo format. The cover featured a red print of a half-length portrait of Marx, below which the characters "马格斯" were written from right to left. Due to a typesetting oversight, the title on the cover was misprinted. After the first edition of the first complete Chinese translation of the Communist Manifesto was published in August 1920, it quickly sold out. To meet reader demand and correct the printing error in the title of the first edition, the Communist Manifesto was reprinted in September of the same year. Apart from correcting the title to Communist Manifesto, changing the cover to blue ink, and altering the publication date, the reprint was identical to the first edition.

The first complete Chinese translation of the Communist Manifesto played an immeasurable role in propagating Marxism and promoting the development of the socialist movement in China.

In the Party's history of over one hundred years, three historical resolutions have been formulated: In 1945, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Party adopted in principle the "Resolution on Certain Historical Questions"; in 1981, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party adopted the "Resolution on Certain Historical Questions of the Party since the Founding of the People's Republic of China"; in 2021, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Party adopted the "Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century."

All three historical resolutions were made at critical historical junctures, and all possess historical significance and contemporary value in unifying the thinking of the entire Party, uniting the people in struggle, and promoting the creation of the future. Studying and applying these three historical resolutions well is of great historical and practical significance for correctly understanding the major achievements and historical experience of the Party's century-long struggle, and for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization.

History of Benefiting the People

The history of benefiting the people is the history of our Party adhering to the fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly and unswervingly benefiting the people. It constantly inspires the entire Party to uphold the glorious revolutionary tradition.

In November 2013, in Shibadong Village, Huayuan County, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province, General Secretary Xi Jinping first proposed the concept of "targeted poverty alleviation."

In February 2021, the National Conference on Summarizing and Commending Poverty Alleviation was held. China achieved a complete victory in the fight against poverty. Under the current standard, all 98.99 million rural poor were lifted out of poverty, all 832 poor counties were removed from the poverty list, and all 128,000 poor villages were delisted. Regional overall poverty was resolved, and the arduous task of eradicating absolute poverty was completed.

On July 1, 2021, at the celebration of the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping solemnly declared the completion of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects on the land of China.

On September 21, 2017, the Fuxing bullet train achieved an operational speed of 350 kilometers per hour on the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway, making China the country with the fastest railway operational speed in the world.

The key system software of the Fuxing bullet train is all independently developed by China. Among its 254 important standards, Chinese standards account for 84%, demonstrating world-class excellence in performance aspects such as safety, economy, energy conservation, and environmental protection. China has built the world's largest high-speed railway network with the fastest operational speed and complete independent intellectual property rights.

History of Self-Construction

The history of self-construction is the history of our Party, in order to maintain its advanced nature and integrity, courageously promoting self-reform and continuously strengthening its own construction. It constantly inspires the entire Party to persist in promoting self-reform.

In October 1939, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, based on the needs of the War of Resistance Against Japan, founded the intra-Party publication Communist. Comrade Mao Zedong wrote the inaugural issue's foreword for Communist, in which he explicitly proposed for the first time "building a Bolshevik-style Communist Party of China that is national in scope, broadly popular among the masses, and completely consolidated ideologically, politically, and organizationally."

To this day, the ideas in this text regarding Party building and the united front still have a guiding role. It condenses the precious experience of the early revolution, profoundly reveals the laws governing the development of the Chinese revolution, and is an indispensable and important piece for understanding the theory of Party building.

General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Comrade Jiao Yulu set an example for county Party secretaries" and "To be a county Party secretary, one must be a Jiao Yulu-style county Party secretary."

Comrade Jiao Yulu began working in Lankao County, Henan Province in December 1962, and died of illness from overwork in May 1964. Lankao County is located on the old course of the Yellow River in eastern Henan, suffering from wind-blown sand, saline-alkali soil, and waterlogging. From taking the lead in checking wind vents, exploring shifting sand, and observing water flow when the sandstorms were fiercest and the rain was pouring, to leading cadres to visit the poor and ask about their hardships in the midst of overwhelming wind and snow; from mending and patching his clothes, hats, shoes, and socks repeatedly, to drafting the "Ten Prohibitions for Cadres" making specific provisions for cadre integrity and self-discipline... Comrade Jiao Yulu, through his own practical actions, shaped the glorious image of an outstanding Communist Party member and an outstanding county Party secretary, forging the Jiao Yulu spirit of being close to the people and loving them, working hard, being scientific and pragmatic, facing difficulties head-on, and selfless dedication.

The "July 1 Medal" is the highest honor within the Party, decided by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, with the certificate signed and the medal awarded by the General Secretary of the Central Committee. It is conferred upon Party members who have made outstanding contributions to the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the great new project of Party building.

The Party and the state have always attached great importance to medal and commendation work. Whether it was the "Red Flag Medal" and "Red Star Medal" awarded during the revolutionary war period, or the "August 1 Medal," "Medal of Independence and Freedom," and "Medal of Liberation" awarded after the founding of New China... each medal fully demonstrates the respect and admiration of the entire Party and society for heroes and exemplary figures, inspiring the centripetal force of unity, the cohesive force of concerted effort, and the combat effectiveness of 众志成城 (zhòng zhì chéng chéng - "united will forms a city wall," unity of purpose is as strong as a fortress) of the entire Party and society.

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Comprehending the Vast Power of the CPC's Spiritual Pedigree from the Perspective of the "Five Histories"

By: 李宗远

The great founding spirit of the Party is the source of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists. For over a hundred years, the Chinese Communists have carried forward the great founding spirit of the Party, building in the course of their long struggle the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists and forging a distinct political character. The Museum of the Communist Party of China, as a landmark spiritual hall that bears the Party's history and manifests the revolutionary spirit, uses a panoramic, epic exhibition to unfold the Party's history of unremitting struggle, its history of fearing no sacrifice, its history of theoretical exploration, its history of seeking well-being for the people, and its history of self-construction. It interprets the historical logic, theoretical logic, and practical logic of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, providing a concrete and systematic reference for Party members, cadres, and the general public to deeply grasp the generative foundation, value core, and contemporary vitality of this spiritual lineage.

The history of unremitting struggle, advancing with determination, constitutes the ever-growing practical soil of the spiritual lineage. Amidst the perilous situation of a fragmented nation and a desolate livelihood in modern times, Chinese Communists took seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation as their original aspiration and mission. They rose up in desperate situations and forged ahead amidst hardships — from opening up the rural revolutionary path in the Jinggang Mountains to crossing thousands of mountains and rivers on the Long March, from self-reliance in the great production campaign at Nanniwan to generations of Saihanba people rooting themselves in the barren land to re-create a forest sea, from daring to try and break new ground in the construction of special economic zones to the successive tackling of key problems and scaling of technological peaks by the scientific research teams of the Beidou and lunar exploration projects. Generation after generation of Communists have written chapters of struggle with hard work and tenacity. Artifacts and objects in the Museum of the Communist Party of China, such as the weapons and equipment from the three major campaigns, the crude tools used by oil workers, the construction machinery for building the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and the experimental equipment for space engineering projects exploring the universe, directly confirm that struggle is the foundational color running through the spiritual lineage. Whether it is the Long March spirit, the Special Economic Zone spirit, the Saihanba spirit, or the New Era Beidou spirit, all contain the character of struggle — facing difficulties head-on and forging ahead. The grand practice of over a hundred years of unremitting struggle continuously expands and enriches the contemporary connotation of the spiritual lineage.

The stirring history of fearing no sacrifice forges the loyal and fearless spiritual backbone of the spiritual lineage. "Fearing no sacrifice and fighting valiantly" runs through the Party's struggle history and is a distinct characteristic of the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists. The Museum of the Communist Party of China displays the gallows used to execute Li Dazhao, the manuscript of Fang Zhimin's "Lovely China," the final letter written by Zhao Yiman to her young son, and the weapons used by the heroes of the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army and the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea. These material carriers restore the tragic and stirring course of countless martyrs who sacrificed their lives for righteousness. The Red Rock martyrs, imprisoned, still held fast to their faith; the Volunteer Army soldiers fought bloodily to defend the country; Huang Wenxiu wrote a song of youth with her life... Countless Communists have placed life and death aside, tempering their loyalty and responsibility in the trials of blood and fire. The history of fearing no sacrifice reveals the distinct character of struggle within the spiritual lineage. Daring to struggle and being willing to contribute in the face of internal and external risks, difficulties, and obstacles has become a common spiritual symbol of the Jinggangshan spirit, the Red Rock spirit, and the spirit of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea.

The history of continuous and innovative theoretical exploration constructs the ideological core of adhering to truth within the spiritual lineage. For over a hundred years, the course of Chinese Communists' continuous theoretical quest has persistently provided scientific theoretical guidance for the spiritual lineage. In the exhibition halls of the Museum of the Communist Party of China, the first complete Chinese translation of the "Communist Manifesto," manuscripts of Mao Zedong's classic works, the Party's theoretical documents from different periods, and innovative theoretical works from the new era fully present the evolutionary thread of the Sinicization and modernization of Marxism. The Yan'an spirit, the Reform and Opening-up spirit, and the spirit of scientists are all concrete expressions of the Party's theoretical character of emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, and being pragmatic and realistic. Without continuous theoretical exploration, the spirit would lose its ideological foundation. It is precisely because generation after generation of Communists have continuously sought truth that the spiritual lineage has always possessed a firm ideal coordinate and maintained a powerful ideological appeal.

The profound and enduring history of seeking well-being for the people anchors the value destination of the spiritual lineage — living up to the people. Serving the people wholeheartedly is the Party's fundamental purpose. In the Museum of the Communist Party of China, the salt earthenware jar the Red Army gave to villagers, the small bamboo pole used by the masses to support the front lines during the Huaihai Campaign, and the poverty alleviation responsibility pledges signed by Party members and cadres in the new era link together the course of the Party sharing weal and woe with the people — "sharing salt when there is salt, sharing blandness when there is none." The military-civilian bond of "milk and water blending, life and death together" on the Yimeng Mountains, the pursuit of the Red Flag Canal spirit to unite and cooperate for the well-being of the people, and the mission of poverty alleviation to live up to the people all originate from the Party's practice of always rooting itself among the masses and working for their benefit. The history of seeking well-being for the people clearly explains the people-centered nature of the spiritual lineage. The starting point and ultimate goal of all great spirits are the people. "The country is the people, and the people are the country" profoundly answers the fundamental value proposition of for whom the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists is born and for whom it is carried forward.

The consistent history of self-construction manifests the inherent vitality of self-reform within the spiritual lineage. For over a hundred years, the Party has always tempered its ranks through Party management and governance, continuously purifying the spiritual foundation. The Museum of the Communist Party of China displays early anti-corruption documents, historical materials from the Yan'an Rectification Movement, exhibits related to the "Two Musts" from the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee, and documents such as the Central Committee's Eight-Point Regulation since the 18th National Congress of the Party, fully presenting the historical thread of the Party's strict governance and management. The Zhang Side spirit interprets loyal dedication in ordinary posts; the Xibaipo spirit warns the entire Party against arrogance and impetuosity. Generation after generation of Communists uphold their political character through self-purification and self-improvement.

Unremitting struggle, fearing no sacrifice, theoretical exploration, seeking well-being for the people, and self-construction run through and are unified in the Party's glorious history, giving rise to the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists, with the great founding spirit of the Party as its source. Every artifact and object, every historical photograph, and every historical scene is a tangible carrier of the revolutionary spirit. Standing at a new historical juncture, only by understanding the spiritual code within Party history and continuously inheriting and promoting the spiritual lineage of Chinese Communists can we draw the power of faith and the power of struggle from Party history, and write new chapters on the new journey of national rejuvenation.

(The author is the Director of the Museum of the Communist Party of China. Compiled from an interview by Zhang Yang, a reporter for this newspaper.)

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Zhang Ye, Wu Kai, Zhang Xiaoyu, Lin Ziye

Coordinator for this issue: Chen Juan (陈娟), Wu Yan (吴燕)
Layout design: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶), Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
Photography for this section: Zhang Wujun (张武军), Liang Yin (梁茵)
Chart data sources: "Records of Major Events of the Communist Party of China Over the Past Century" (《中国共产党一百年大事记》) and others.

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Carry forward the red lineage and pass on the red genes

"This year marks the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. The Party's cause requires generations to carry on the struggle."

Carrying forward the red bloodline, we seek the footprints of the spirit. Entering the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China Memorial Hall (中共一大纪念馆), the Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall (遵义会议纪念馆), the Yan'an Revolution Memorial Hall (延安革命纪念馆), the Qinghai Atomic City Memorial Hall (青海原子城纪念馆), the Jiao Yulu Memorial Park (焦裕禄纪念园) and others, we draw spiritual strength from reviewing history and remembering the martyrs.

Transmitting the red gene, we bravely undertake the mission of the times. A post-1995 docent uses youthful language to tell the Party's story to the world; a meteorological engineer guards the hope of fruit farmers on the Loess Plateau... These vivid practices are a living testimony of the red gene in the new era.

History dialogues with reality; spirit resonates with action. The spiritual strength of Chinese Communists is gathering into the mighty momentum of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, inspiring hundreds of millions of people to stride forward on the new journey.

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Editor

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Shanghai — The First National Congress of the Communist Party of China Memorial Hall:
Telling the Party's Story to the World
By Staff Reporter Cao Lingjuan

Beneath the sunlight, the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China Memorial Hall in Shanghai, like a dazzling red magnet, attracts visitors from home and abroad to pay homage and tour.

Zhang Su, a propaganda and education specialist at the First Congress Memorial Hall, recalls the scene when she took up the post: that was July 1, 2021, the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. "I walked through the crowd of visitors from the periphery and entered the hall step by step. From that moment, my life became more closely linked to the Party and the nation."

Becoming a staff member of the CPC First Congress Memorial Hall filled this post-1995 girl with pride. "I must do my own job well, tell the red story well, and convey the responsibility and commitment of young people in the new era."

The CPC First Congress Memorial Hall bears the glorious memory of the Communist Party of China. It is a cultural bastion for transmitting the red gene and carrying forward the great founding spirit of the Party, and an important window for the international community to understand China's revolutionary history and red culture. In recent years, the proportion of overseas visitors to the CPC First Congress Memorial Hall has been rising. In 2025, the memorial hall received more than 3.23 million visitors, of whom nearly 100,000 were from overseas, accounting for about 3.1%.

Zhang Su, a graduate in English, is also responsible for English-language foreign affairs reception. She recalls her first full English-language interpretation: "I had just started working, and many parts were not yet smooth, but my colleagues and I prepared carefully and encouraged each other. The interpretation turned out well, which made me more confident in my work."

Many foreign visiting groups left a deep impression on Zhang Su. "They looked very carefully and were full of interest in the growth and development of the Chinese Communist Party," Zhang Su says. They asked questions such as: What procedures must be followed to join the CCP? How are Party delegates elected? How are Party congresses convened?

Visitors from Cuba were very interested in the "Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定)". "The exhibition item on the 'Central Eight-Point Regulation' in our hall is in Chinese. They translated it on the spot into Spanish and read each item. They thought the CCP's self-reform was very bold," says Zhang Su.

"China's governance experience is being studied by many countries and regions. For example, when I explain building a moderately prosperous society in all respects — that we have eliminated absolute poverty on Chinese soil — many foreign visitors praise it as an extraordinary achievement." Zhang Su feels her work is very meaningful. "Working at the CPC First Congress Memorial Hall gives me the opportunity to tell the Party's story and the story of the new era before the world."

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Guizhou — Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall:
The Zunyi Conference Spirit Radiates New Brilliance
By Staff Reporter Su Bin

Shaded by plane trees, fragrant with gardenias. Entering the academic lecture hall of Zunyi No. 1 High School in Guizhou Province, more than 200 teachers and students sit upright, their eyes fixed on old photographs: the gate plaque of the Zunyi Conference site, the pontoon bridge the Red Army crossed, the straw sandals worn through by the soldiers... These were brought by the Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall propaganda team.

"In 1935, right here on this land, the Chinese revolution emerged from the fog and moved toward rebirth." Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall docent Gu Yixue, taking "The Path of the Turning Point" as her theme, began from the spark of fire in northern Guizhou in 1935, lifting the veil of history. When she reached the Red Army's crossing of Loushan Pass, Gu Yixue picked up a replica of a coarse-cloth leg wrap and walked down from the stage, letting the teachers and students feel the hardship of the Red Army traversing the desolate mountains in rain and snow.

As a national classic red tourism site, the Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall has registered and classified more than 2,100 items (sets) of its collections, established archives, and built a complete data foundation for red resources. Through measures such as digital preservation, exhibition upgrade, and restoration of the Zunyi Conference site, it has consolidated the foundation for transmitting the red gene and telling the story of Zunyi well.

"The value of cultural relics lies not only in being collected, but in being seen. We must make good use of red resources, transmit the red gene, and let the Zunyi Conference spirit radiate new brilliance in the new era," says Xu Feng, deputy Party secretary of the Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall.

In recent years, relying on its highly capable docent team, the Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall has carried out the "seven entries" (七进) red propaganda campaign into communities, schools, military camps, and other venues. Through carefully designed activity procedures and the use of mobile display boards, video materials, etc., it vividly presents the scenes of the Zunyi Conference and the arduous journey of the Long March. Xu Feng explains that as a national demonstration base for patriotic education, the Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall also extensively recruits young people from all primary schools in the city and continuously runs the "Little Red Propagandists (小小红色宣讲员)" training program to strengthen children's cultural confidence and patriotic feelings.

This year, the Zunyi Conference Memorial Hall specially launched an immersive "grand ideological and political education course (大思政课)" titled "Carry Forward the Zunyi Conference Spirit and Walk the New Long March Well," using a format of "on-site interpretation + micro ideological and political course + video teaching" to move the ideological and political classroom out of the classroom and into the historical scene, promoting the Zunyi Conference spirit to 落地生根 (luò dì shēng gēn - "fall to the ground and take root," to become firmly established) in the hearts of young people.

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Shaanxi — Yan'an Revolution Memorial Hall:
Spiritual Echo on the Loess Plateau
By Staff Reporter Zhang Danhua and Staff Correspondent Li Jiangfeng

The morning sun passes through the thin mist of the Loess Plateau and falls on the gray brick walls of the Yan'an Revolution Memorial Hall in Shaanxi Province. Sun Zhihui, a staff member of the Yan'an Meteorological Bureau, enters the memorial hall together with his colleagues.

In the display case, the axe used by Zhang Side's squad is silent. Zhang Side died in 1944 while burning charcoal at Shixiayu in Ansai County (安塞县石峡峪). Mao Zedong gave the famous speech "Serve the People" at the memorial meeting. "Our contingent is wholly dedicated to the liberation of the people, and works entirely in the interests of the people." Listening to docent Zhang Jing's 娓娓道来 (wěi wěi dào lái - "talk in a leisurely and detailed manner," to narrate vividly), Sun Zhihui was deeply moved. During the Yan'an period, Party cadres earnestly studied the important problems of the masses' draft oxen, farm tools, seeds, fertilizers... and cooperatives, work-exchange teams, transport teams, textile industry, animal husbandry, salt industry, etc., overcoming all difficulties to help the masses solve problems. Those 峥嵘岁月 (zhēng róng suì yuè - "towering years," eventful and glorious times) nurtured the Yan'an spirit and forged the Yan'an style.

Today, green dyes the loess, red spreads across the plateau slopes, and apples have added a new layer to Yan'an — of Yan'an's more than 2.2 million people, over 1 million are engaged in apple-related industries, and 800,000 farmers rely on it to increase their incomes. At the foot of Fenghuang Mountain, the CCP established the first meteorological station — the Yan'an Meteorological Station of the Eighth Route Army Headquarters. "As Party cadres in the new era, developing the apple industry and seeking well-being for the villagers is precisely the practice of the Yan'an spirit. We must inherit and carry forward the Yan'an spirit and serve the people wholeheartedly," says Wang Weigang, Party secretary and director of the Yan'an Meteorological Bureau.

Entering the orchard, many fruit trees have small white buckets hanging on them, which arouses curiosity. It turns out these are data-collection tools that monitor temperature and humidity changes in real time; the fruit farmers call them "weather sentinels." Opening the "Ping'an Weather" mini-program on a mobile phone, one can check the orchard temperature at any time; the fruit farmers call it the "weather command post." The "sentinels" plus the "command post" protect the growth of the fruit trees and reassure the fruit farmers. "If temperature and humidity forecasts are inaccurate or untimely, the fruit trees may lose production or even fail completely." As a senior engineer, Sun Zhihui once led technical personnel to travel through every large and small orchard in Yan'an, collecting data, summarizing patterns, and promoting technology, striving to weave a tight meteorological network and stand a good meteorological watch for every fruit tree. Now, the density of meteorological monitoring in Yan'an orchards has been reduced from 23 kilometers to 4 kilometers, and the low-temperature monitoring error has been reduced from 5 degrees Celsius to 0.5 degrees Celsius, building a precise meteorological monitoring system.

On the square in front of the memorial hall, a group of young people is taking a group photo. In the distance, Pagoda Hill stands silently, witnessing the past and future of this city. Red is the underlying color of Yan'an — it once witnessed the blood of revolutionaries, and now it glows red over the apples covering the mountains and plains.

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Qinghai — Atomic City Memorial Hall:
On the Jinyintan Grassland, the Spark of the Spirit Lives Endlessly
By Staff Reporter Jiang Meng

In midsummer, on the Jinyintan Grassland (金银滩), pasture grass turns green and Tibetan sheep gather in flocks. Xihai Town (西海镇) in Haiyan County (海晏县), Qinghai Province — the site of China's first nuclear weapons research base, the former State-owned Factory 221 — where China's first atomic bomb and first hydrogen bomb were born. Today, it has become a base for inheriting the "two bombs, one satellite (两弹一星)" spirit.

"The Atomic City Memorial Hall has an exhibition area of 6,015 square meters, displaying over 600 photographs and more than 900 revolutionary artifacts." Du Wenlin, deputy director of the Qinghai Atomic City Memorial Hall, knows them 如数家珍 (rú shǔ jiā zhēn - "like counting family treasures," to be thoroughly familiar with something). Since opening in 2009, the memorial hall has received more than 4.7 million visitors.

In the 1950s and 1960s, countless builders came here under assumed names and hidden identities, starting from scratch with "three tents (三顶帐篷)" on the plateau over 3,000 meters above sea level to carry out nuclear weapons research. Although the base has been decommissioned, the youth and passion of the predecessors cannot be buried by time. To better remember this history, the Atomic City Memorial Hall was officially approved for construction in 2007.

Ma Ruyan, a 22-year-old docent, is a native of Xihai Town. "Guo Yonghuai shielded top-secret data with his own flesh and blood in a plane crash; Deng Jiaxian, on his deathbed, murmured 'Don't let others leave us too far behind'... Every interpretation is a spiritual baptism," she says.

Facing different groups, Ma Ruyan has different ways of explaining. For primary school students, she talks about missile model structures; for middle school students, she says "The world, in the final analysis, is yours"; for study tour groups, she says "The motherland is eagerly waiting for us."

Several primary school students from Haidong, Qinghai, carefully examine the rusty Flying Fish brand hand-crank calculator in the display case. Learning that researchers at the time relied on it for repeated calculations to obtain data, the students were greatly shocked. "We didn't expect the conditions to be so hard!" "Every exhibit is a living teaching material, giving children a more concrete understanding of 攻坚克难 (gōng jiān kè nán - "storm fortresses and overcome difficulties," to tackle tough problems) and bearing responsibility for the family and the country," says Ma Ruyan.

Starting in 2025, Qinghai launched the patriotic education activity "Enter the Atomic City" for university, secondary, and primary school students. So far, more than 100,000 students have come here to receive immersive patriotic and scientist spirit education. The story of the Jinyintan Grassland is also "going out." The Atomic City Memorial Hall has formed a propaganda team that travels to preach the "two bombs, one satellite" spirit. To date, it has visited 22 provinces and conducted more than 470 sessions.

In the past five years, the Atomic City Memorial Hall has collected a total of 1,274 artifacts of various kinds, visited 233 individuals including family members of the "two bombs founding fathers (两弹元勋)," base veteran workers, academicians, and veterans of the garrison troops, compiled more than 420,000 characters of oral history materials, and edited and published 12 volumes of a series of books.

From starting with "three tents" to the red study tour boom, on the Jinyintan Grassland the spark of the spirit lives 生生不息 (shēng shēng bù xī - "live and grow without end," continuous and eternal).

---

Henan — Lankao Jiao Yulu Memorial Park:
The Jiao Yulu Spirit Is Forever Written on the Land of Lankao
By Staff Reporter Zhao Shuaijie

"I often see Comrade Jiao Yulu's deeds in textbooks and films, and as it happens to be the 105th anniversary of the Party's founding, I made a special trip to see where he worked and rests." Recently, Zhang Zili, a 43-year-old citizen of Tianjin, wearing his Party badge, followed a group to the Jiao Yulu Memorial Park in Lankao County (兰考县) urban area, Kaifeng City, Henan Province.

Entering the park, one is greeted by a monument to revolutionary martyrs. On the front of the monument is inscribed "Eternal glory to the revolutionary martyrs (永垂不朽 - yǒng chuí bù xiǔ, 'eternal glory,' immortal)", and on the base are carved reliefs of "Liberation of Lankao" and scenes of Comrade Jiao Yulu visiting the poor and asking about their hardships during his work in Lankao from 1962 to 1964, and controlling the "three evils" of windblown sand, waterlogging, and saline-alkaline land. Passing the monument and ascending the steps is Jiao Yulu's martyr tomb; on the stone wall behind the tomb are engraved the words "To die for the people, though dead, still glorious (虽死犹荣 - suī sǐ yóu róng, 'though dead, still glorious')."

Inside the Comrade Jiao Yulu Memorial Hall, an old wicker chair with a hole stands surrounded by people. "Comrade Jiao Yulu had long suffered from liver disease. Whether in meetings or when delivering reports, he always put his foot on the chair and used a fountain pen, the lid of a teacup, or a feather duster to press against his liver to ease the pain. Over time, the wicker chair he used was pushed through to make a hole." A post-2000 docent, Song Yaqing, explains to visitors with deep emotion; the listeners are captivated. She says many people come to visit the memorial hall, and when busy she gives five or six explanations a day.

"The memorial park was first built in 1966, covering an area of 127 mu, and is composed of the Revolutionary Martyrs Monument, the tomb of martyr Jiao Yulu, the Comrade Jiao Yulu Memorial Hall, and others," says Guo Dong, deputy section chief of the Research, Study, and Exhibition Section of the Jiao Yulu Memorial Park Management Office. In 2023, the park launched a brand-new exhibition of Jiao Yulu's life story, integrating newly re-collected artifacts, historical materials, stories, and pictures into it, correcting and enriching the original display. Thematic sculptures and scene recreations such as "Night Visit to the Railway Station" and "Snow Day Investigation" are highlights.

Last July, the Jiao Yulu Memorial Park also created an immersive interactive Party class, "Searching for Jiao Yulu." "The class integrates digital content and live-action restoration, unfolding in a 900-square-meter immersive space, composed of seven acts of story including 'Memories under the Paulownia Tree,' 'Seeking Advice from the People,' 'Family Traditions,' and others," says Guo Dong. In it, participants 'time-travel' back to Lankao in the 1960s, transforming into Comrade Jiao Yulu's family members, comrades-in-arms, or colleagues, and experience from the perspective of a 'witness' the Jiao Yulu spirit of "loving the people and serving them, 艰苦奋斗 (jiān kǔ fèn dòu - 'hard struggle and strenuous effort'), being scientific and realistic, 迎难而上 (yíng nán ér shàng - 'face difficulties and go forward,' to confront challenges head-on), and selfless dedication."

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本版责编 巩育华 史 哲 高 佶

Layout design: Wang Zheping (汪哲平)

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Today is your birthday.

Today is your birthday, great Chinese Communist Party. We take the brush and ink as a torch, and respectfully present to you a sincere tribute.

From the 开天辟地 (kāi tiān pì dì – "split heaven and earth," to create something unprecedented, epoch-making) initial aspiration's trek, to the magnificent journey of rejuvenation and dream-chasing, the affectionate words follow the trail of 筚路蓝缕 (bì lù lán lǚ – "driving a cart in ragged clothes," to endure great hardships in pioneering work) seeking and exploring, gathering stories along the way, linking together a long scroll of the great transformation of mountains and rivers.

Words have warmth; faith has power. The burning hearts transform into scalding characters, directly express our sincere innermost feelings, pay tribute to the great spirit passed down from generation to generation, reflect the 105 years of glory, and stir up the strength to forge ahead.

— Editor

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From "Qiming" to "Guotai Min'an" (A Family Letter Reflects the Original Aspiration)

By: 陈 晔

"Qiming, my little darling: Qiming is the name we gave you when you were born in prison. This name is very meaningful."

Once again reading the letter written in prison by martyr Zhao Yunxiao (赵云霄) to her daughter Qiming (启明), once again 热泪盈眶 (rè lèi yíng kuàng - "hot tears fill the eyes," deeply moved).

The letter Zhao Yunxiao wrote before her execution is not long in words, but is equally "very meaningful." That night, she must have stayed awake the whole night, holding her daughter, tears pattering down onto her child's body. How reluctant she was to part — apart from longing, it was the unbearable difficulty of letting go of her child.

As a fellow townsman of Zhao Yunxiao, I have known her story since childhood, and was fortunate to read a play about Zhao Yunxiao at the county cultural center (县文化馆), a performance staged by the county cultural center. That day, I read for the first time the letter Zhao Yunxiao wrote to Qiming.

In 1906, Zhao Yunxiao was born in Zhao Family Alley (赵家胡同), South Street, Fuping County (阜平县), Hebei Province. The county cultural center was not far from her home. Zhao Yunxiao attended primary school in the county town, then followed her father to Ci County (磁县) to attend upper primary school. In 1924, she was admitted to the Second Provincial Women's Normal School of Hebei (河北省立第二女子师范学校). In the summer of 1925, with the help of Wang Ruofei's wife Li Peizhi (李培之), she joined the Chinese Communist Party. That autumn, she went to study in the Soviet Union. During that time, she and her classmate Chen Jue (陈觉) became husband and wife. After returning to China, according to the organization's arrangements, she went to Hunan to carry out revolutionary work and participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising.

This letter was written on March 24, 1929, when she was just 23 years old. Zhao Yunxiao was arrested in Changsha, Hunan, when she was four months pregnant, and was sentenced to death. Because she was pregnant, the execution was postponed. When the child was born, it was the moment of separation between mother and child. A mother, destined never to accompany her child as it grew up — how many words must she have had to say to her child? Those words finally turned into writing, preserved in the world.

Not long after Zhao Yunxiao's arrest, her husband Chen Jue was also captured due to a traitor's betrayal, and the couple were imprisoned in the same jail. In prison, they encouraged each other. For their faith, they did not yield to the reactionaries. In her letter, she exhorted her child to remember the cause for which her parents fought and sacrificed, and to carry on the parents' unfulfilled will.

In the first sentence of the second paragraph, she wrote: "Little darling, I tell you very clearly, your parents are Communists..." The parents chose to die precisely because they had a firm faith. Faith gave them the courage to face death without fear, and they were willing to protect faith and loyalty to faith with their lives.

The young mother was about to go to the execution ground. She expressed her hope for her child: "I hope that when you grow up you will study well, and also know how your parents died." The parents died honorably and died great. It was not that they did not love their own child — clearly they had their own flesh and blood — but for the Party and for the cause of national liberation, they abandoned their own "life" and chose to use "death" to awaken more people to 前赴后继 (qián fù hòu jì - "to advance wave upon wave," to keep going forward without fear of death) for the faith.

At the end, she again mentioned studying hard, clearly telling the child her mother's origin: "Your maternal grandmother's home is in the north, Fuping County, Hebei Province. Your mother's surname is Zhao."

Fuping, Zhao Family Alley. Whenever I go to Fuping, I always make time to stroll around Zhao Family Alley. At her former residence, the thousand-year-old locust tree that accompanied her childhood cooling off and playing is still there. The locust tree that saw her off when she left her hometown is still green and lush, putting forth golden yellow buds in spring.

无独有偶 (wú dú yǒu ǒu - "not alone but has a pair," it is not unique). On October 10, 1928, Zhao Yunxiao's husband Chen Jue also wrote a suicide note to his wife. The two letters, one before and one after, are the determination and steadfastness of this revolutionary couple in defending their faith with death, inspiring generation after generation to give their lives for the faith. In his letter, Chen Jue said: "Who has no parents, who has no children, who has no beloved? It is precisely to rescue the parents, wives, and children of all Chinese people that we have sacrificed everything. Although we are dead, our unfulfilled will will be carried out by the comrades who have not yet died." How 慷慨激昂 (kāng kǎi jī áng - "vehement and impassioned," fervent and excited) Qiming's father was, how full of revolutionary passion! These words were like the drumsticks of the Fuping drum beating the earth! Fuping is the land of Yan and Zhao; since ancient times, Yan and Zhao have produced many impassioned and tragic figures. The hot blood and loyalty flowing in the letters of Chen Jue and his wife are a vivid reflection of the spirit of Yan and Zhao, and even of the national spirit.

Four days after writing the letter, Chen Jue died a heroic death. Zhao Yunxiao continued to struggle in prison. Prison life was harsh, and she was pregnant with Qiming. Her husband's letter supported her. Relying on her strong faith in the Party, she nurtured her daughter Qiming, and at the time of her own departure, she passed on to the next generation the weighty and upright thoughts of a pair of parents, a husband and wife, two Communist Party members.

In July 1931, two years after Zhao Yunxiao's sacrifice, the 24th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army opened the gates of Fuping. Red flags flew over South Street where Zhao Yunxiao's home was and over the entire county town. The first county-level red Soviet regime in northern China was established.

In January 1938, at the county's First Upper Primary School where Zhao Yunxiao once studied, the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region Government (晋察冀边区政府) was established. Near her home were the border region government and the military region headquarters. Nie Rongzhen and other border region leaders led the anti-Japanese struggle in the border region, which was hailed as a "model anti-Japanese base area."

In May 1948, the Jin-Cha-Ji Daily (晋察冀日报) first published the "May Day Slogan" (五一口号) in Fuping, issuing the mobilization order to "establish a new China."

In December 2012, General Secretary Xi Jinping inspected the old revolutionary base area in snow, and in Fuping County issued the mobilization order for the fight against poverty (脱贫攻坚).

"Unfinished comrades" and many more comrades fulfilled the behest of Zhao Yunxiao and her husband Chen Jue, established a new China, and built a prosperous and strong modern China. Today's Fuping is a beautiful landscape, a happy homeland.

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Photo Report

In 1921, when the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China convened in Shanghai, it was forced to adjourn after being disturbed by a police raid. The delegates then moved to Jiaxing, Zhejiang, where they adopted the first Programme of the Communist Party of China aboard a pleasure boat on South Lake, formally proclaiming the birth of the Party. This ordinary pleasure boat was bestowed the name "Red Boat" (红船), and South Lake was elevated from a famous Jiangnan scenic spot into a revolutionary sacred site.

Forty-three years later, in 1964, coinciding with the 15th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the 71-year-old painter Yan Wenliang (颜文樑) took his students to South Lake to paint from life for several days. In the end, he completed this highly poetic classic painting of the revolution at the miniature scale of 35 centimeters.

The composition adopts a three-part horizontal structure from a high vantage point. The Red Boat is precisely placed at the golden-ratio focal point, forming a depth contrast with the faint silhouette of the Mist-and-Rain Pavilion (烟雨楼) in the distance. In terms of technique, it merges the Impressionist method of pointillist colour applied in outdoor light with the suggestive blank-space aesthetics of Chinese landscape painting. Rotating colour particles of cobalt blue and ultramarine spread across the lake surface; on the boat's side, vermilion and cadmium red are heavily layered to create a golden-red reflection. In the thin mist scumbling, colour points and phantom silhouettes interweave, producing a visual rhythm of "motion within stillness."

The physical light and colour of this touch of morning glow is quietly sublimated into the spiritual metaphor of "revolutionary dawn." Individual lyricism and the narrative of the era merge seamlessly here, lending the most warmly evocative historical annotation to the visual re-creation of the revolutionary sacred site.

(Fan Xiaonan)

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Running in the Name of Youth

By: 何 南

The lamplight of the Shikumen (石库门) small building stirs up a raging storm.

The language of the era, a loyal heart, has long known.

That boat awaits at the turning point of history.

Surging heart matters, 风急浪高 (fēng jí làng gāo - "fierce winds and high waves," rough and perilous conditions).

A fine drizzle falls; how can a spring-like ideal be soaked?

Eager expectations, the wind's reminder is like a bugle.

From then on, it is no longer an ordinary painted pleasure boat.

It is a totem, a symbol that awakens the sunlight.

众望所归 (zhòng wàng suǒ guī - "to enjoy popular confidence," as all eyes turn to it), New China enters the world's field of vision.

Gathering starlight, the Red Boat (红船) smiles with the sun and moon.

Dancing to the rhythm, mountains and rivers gain confidence from shyness.

The vast universe is poised with China's bearing.

Jinsha (金沙) raises waves; Baihetan (白鹤滩) spreads its wings, astonishing the billows.

Seagulls cry excitedly; the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is finely inlaid in their silhouette.

Connecting the future, the Hotan-Ruoqiang Railway (和若铁路) reaches a reconciliation with the desert.

Emotion ties to the cosmos; the spherical surface of the Sky Eye (天眼) is paved with pride.

The air is sweet; Saihanba (塞罕坝) cherishes tall trees and low grass.

Paths and fields are like poetry; drones plough a brand-new track.

The face of AI is moving from blur to clarity.

In the embrace of the mountains, the innocence of children's eyes embraces the flame of knowledge.

Before us, the new green of the grassland ripples with the laughter of cattle and sheep.

In the distance, legends are running in the name of youth.

When pioneering, struggle, and dedication become the heart's foundation,

light already sparkles like stars on the awns of wheat.

The Red Boat never boasts of its glorious past.

Applause like a tide, yet it remembers 乘风破浪 (chéng fēng pò làng - "ride the wind and break the waves," to forge ahead bravely).

Build the ship with confidence, sail far on the spring scenery.

The invitation of the stars and the sea, we will surely arrive.

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My Hometown Is Yan'an

By: 阎 安

My hometown is called Yan'an

There is a kind of cultivation that never ceases

So that those grains of millet

Twinkle with a subtle light like stars

Even when placed in a glass showcase

They are still so golden

My hometown is called Yan'an

That river called the Yan River

Washed the chestnut red warhorses and also washed my childhood

Today it is still vast   still

Part of the masses' park and the masses' stage

There many people gather   from all directions

From morning till night they still sing "The East Is Red, the sun rises"

My hometown is called Yan'an

Many skyscrapers that can rub against the stars are rising

Vying with Pagoda Mountain and its pagoda to see who is taller

But pagoda ah   your uprightness   stillness and solemnity

You are still its child   looking upward

My hometown is called Yan'an

Black donkeys   yellow oxen

In memory the impoverished father and mother

Always adorned them with red tassel head ornaments

And also adorned themselves   that undefeated flame in the desolation

Today on its mountaintops   hillsides and riverbanks

There is only green that covers the sky and the earth

It is also your hometown   the hometown of mountains

The hometown of rivers   the hometown of great people

And of ordinary people

Even the hometown of all strangers

And of all wandering stars

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Party members

By: 党益民

Deep in the Tianshan Mountains, there is an old Party member.
He did only one thing in his life:
keeping vigil over the graves of 168 martyrs.

More than forty years ago, he was still a new recruit.
Heavy snow sealed the mountain passes, trapping an entire regiment.
He and three other comrades
were ordered to cross the snow-covered mountains to deliver a message and request reinforcements.

Twenty steamed buns sustained them for three days.
In the end, only one bun remained.
The squad leader said, "Chen Jungui,
I order you to eat it."

He asked the squad leader, "Why me?"
The squad leader said, "Because we need one person to survive
to complete the task the regimental commander gave us."

He asked again, "Why not you?"
The squad leader said, "Because the three of us are Party members."

Under the gaze of his three comrades,
he ate that life-saving bun with tears in his eyes.

Later, the squad leader fell in battle.
The assistant squad leader fell in battle. The veteran soldier was crippled by frostbite.
He crawled out of the snow-covered mountains and completed the mission.

He joined the Party, was discharged, and returned to his hometown.
But he could not forget his comrades buried in the snow-covered mountains.
He quit his job,
took his wife and one-year-old son, and returned to the Tianshan Mountains
to keep vigil over the graves of the squad leader and 168 other martyrs.

This vigil has lasted more than forty years.
His hair and his wife's hair turned white long ago,
like two silent snow-covered mountains.

Why endure such hardship?
He said, "Because my life was given to me by my comrades.
Because I, too, am a Party member.
Because the vast majority of the comrades buried here
are Communist Party members..."

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I Am Finally a Member of the Communist Party of China

By: 王计兵

On November 1, 2025, I finally became a member of the Communist Party of China. On that day, I said many things to my mother in my heart.

My uncle was a soldier, and my cousin is also a soldier. This red foundation is the pride and glory that my mother has cherished all her life. "A man may be poor but his ambition is not; stand against the wind even if you freeze to death." When I was a child, in an era of material scarcity, these two sentences echoed in my ears every day. My mother repeatedly instructed me that one must never lose one's moral integrity and backbone.

I still remember the look on my face in the third grade of elementary school when I first put on the red scarf. I excitedly told my mother that the red scarf was a corner of the red flag. My mother was overjoyed and said to me seriously, "When you grow up, you must join the Party."

This year, I am 58 years old. I left my hometown at 19, traveling from Shenyang, Liaoning to Xinjiang, from the shores of Weishan Lake to the Yimeng Mountains. Half my life has been spent moving about, toiling and bustling. In the trivial and ordinary days, I have never forgotten my mother's instruction to "join the Party when you grow up," and my longing for the Party has never diminished in the slightest.

I became a food delivery rider, donning a delivery uniform and weaving through the streets and alleys to deliver meals. I wrote in a poem: If I am to reappear in the world, let me salute the era as a delivery brother. Those who uphold justice need not wield eighteen kinds of weapons, but rather hold a beam of light in their hands.

In the summer south of the Yangtze River, the weather is unpredictable, and sudden rainstorms often strike. In a delivery rider's food box, there is always a raincoat prepared. Once, while delivering food, a heavy rain suddenly fell. As I was adjusting my raincoat, I found that I had brought an extra one when I left home in the morning. Just then, an auntie responsible for vehicle management by the roadside had nowhere to take shelter and was at a loss. I decided to give her the extra raincoat.

My initial goodwill did not go smoothly. There seems to be a certain wariness between strangers. When I offered her the raincoat, she politely declined. At a loss, I placed the raincoat at her feet and rode away. Worried, I turned back and saw from a distance that she had already put on the raincoat. Kindness has always been a relay race of mutual support between people. In the lives of ordinary people, there are not many earth-shattering events. By always holding faith and staying true to one's original heart, one can become a bigger and better version of oneself.

In recent years, due to the publication of books, I have participated in more and more events. Once, someone asked me: "Are you a Communist Party member?" My heart tightened, and my ears grew hot. A soft "no," seemingly simple, struck my heart like a heavy hammer.

Fortunately, comrades from the First Joint Party Branch of the Wusongjiang Industrial Park of the Communist Party of China heard of my wish and proactively contacted me. I candidly expressed my sincere desire to join the Communist Party of China. On December 1, 2022, I solemnly submitted my application for Party membership. After undergoing trials and tempering, I finally officially became a member of the Communist Party of China.

One afternoon, I went to a Sha County Snacks restaurant to pick up an order and saw the young boss lady, holding her child, curled up asleep in a corner of the shop. When I picked up the food, I was extremely careful, not daring to make a sound. I recorded this moment in a poem: I tiptoed to take the takeout from the table, like a thief, stealing that part of the hard work of this mother and child. I hope one dream embraces another dream, that they can stay in the dream a little longer. This little poem moved an Italian doctoral student studying in China. She translated the poem into Italian and published it in Italy, where it garnered much resonance and emotion. In March 2026, I was invited to Italy to participate in local cultural exchange activities. A glimmer of light originating from the streets and alleys finally crossed mountains and seas, illuminating a farther place. During the event, I deliberately changed into a formal suit. The suit was dignified and simple, and in my pocket, I carried a brand new Party member badge. Yes, whenever I go out, I always carry the Party member badge with me.

In my newly published collection of essays, *Chengzhen* (成珍), named after my mother, I told my mother that I have finally become a Communist Party member.

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Layout Editor: Cheng Hong

Layout design: Wang Zheping (汪哲平)

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A great political party with a long history and outstanding achievements

By: 本报记者 王骁波

Today, the Communist Party of China celebrates its 105th anniversary.

Over 105 years of 风雨兼程 (fēng yǔ jiān chéng – "wind and rain cover the journey," enduring hardships and traveling despite difficulties), traversing the long river of history through revolution, construction, and reform, generations of Chinese Communists have carried on the struggle and 砥砺前行 (dǐ lì qián xíng – "sharpen and forge ahead," to press forward with determined effort), propelling the Chinese nation to achieve the great leap from standing up, growing rich, to becoming strong. Looking back on the 105-year journey, from the arduous pioneering days of the revolutionary era — 筚路蓝缕 (bì lù lán lǚ – "riding a cart in tattered clothes," enduring great hardships in starting an undertaking) — to the setting sail of the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五), under the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China, China has written a development miracle that has attracted worldwide attention. At present, facing a complex and volatile international situation, global attention is focused on China, seeking to understand how this century-old Party is leading China to comprehensively advance the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization (中国式现代化), and how it is providing new opportunities for world development through the new achievements of Chinese-style modernization.

The Power of Leadership:

Adhering to the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the fundamental guarantee for China's development and progress.

For over a hundred years, the Communist Party of China, with its unique institutional advantages, long-term strategic resolve, and sustained vitality in theoretical innovation, has forged a strong leadership capacity that guides the country forward steadily and far. The high-quality development of China's economy and the long-term stability of its society fully demonstrate that the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the fundamental guarantee for China's development and progress. The Communist Party of China possesses the planning ability to transcend development cycles and strong organizational and mobilization capacities, tempering a party resilience capable of resisting the headwinds of globalization, and has become a precious political leadership force in the world today.

"The Communist Party of China is a party tempered and forged in the fires of revolution," noted Maricela Connelly, professor at the Center for Asian and African Studies of El Colegio de México (墨西哥学院亚非研究中心), who has deeply studied China for more than 40 years. She pointed out that the Communist Party of China continuously advances the sinicization and modernization of Marxism, adapts to the requirements of modernization, and demonstrates strong resilience and adaptive capacity for change. The historical experience accumulated over more than 100 years enables the Communist Party of China to always remain clear-headed, uphold the people's position, and cultivate close ties with the masses. The Communist Party of China attaches great importance to Party building work, promotes the construction of a high-quality and professional cadre team through unique institutional design, and closely links the evaluation and promotion of cadres with the country's long-term development goals, thereby ensuring policy continuity and the implementation of long-term plans.

José Luis Centella, chairman of the Communist Party of Spain (西班牙共产党), who has visited China many times, believes that the Communist Party of China is a party that truly transforms theory into grassroots practice. The Communist Party of China always insists on integrating the basic principles of Marxism with China's concrete reality, relying on a tight grassroots organizational system to test scientific theories in practice, proving that Marxist theory is by no means dogma.

"The Communist Party of China is a great party with a long history and outstanding achievements," said Hanan Ali Abbasi, chairman of the National Youth Parliament of Pakistan (巴基斯坦全国青年议会). He stated that the great leap of the Chinese nation from standing up, growing rich, to becoming strong is fundamentally due to adhering to the leadership of the Communist Party of China. From the "First Five-Year Plan" to the "15th Five-Year Plan," China has consistently advanced the building of a modern socialist country, leading a once impoverished and weak nation into the ranks of world powers.

The Communist Party of China has always adhered to the character of self-reform (自我革命), exploring and forming effective measures to regulate the exercise of power, strictly govern the Party and manage power, and purify the cadre contingent. András Bencsik, editor-in-chief of the Hungarian weekly Demokrata (匈牙利《民主主义者》周刊), believes that the Communist Party of China is a party with outstanding self-renewal capability. "Self-reform" is an important means for this century-old Party to maintain its advanced nature. Through unprecedented anti-corruption struggles and institutional construction, the Communist Party of China ensures that all Party members always remain true to the original aspiration and keep the mission firmly in mind (不忘初心、牢记使命). "This ability to proactively identify problems and self-improve is the secret of the Communist Party of China's enduring prosperity," Bencsik said.

Governance for the People:

Enhancing people's well-being through high-quality development

On the path to modernization, the Communist Party of China has led the Chinese people to historically eliminate absolute poverty, continuously advance the effective connection between consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation (脱贫攻坚) and rural revitalization (乡村振兴), and steadily march toward common prosperity (共同富裕). The people-centered development philosophy closely links the grand national development goals with the daily lives of ordinary people, laying a solid foundation for China's long-term development and sustained progress.

"China lifted nearly 100 million rural poor out of poverty in a short period of time. This is not just a number, but a fundamental transformation in the fate of tens of millions of families," said Solly Mapaila, general secretary of the South African Communist Party (南非共产党). After visiting Zhejiang, he was deeply impressed by the Communist Party of China's strong mobilization and precise execution capabilities. In Yucun Village (余村), Anji, Zhejiang, he learned about the local green transformation from "selling stones" to "selling scenery," and saw the vivid practice of comprehensive rural revitalization. "Policies reaching the grassroots, more people sharing the fruits of development, and the heartfelt pride of the masses — all these show that the Communist Party of China's people-centered development philosophy is not just a slogan," Mapaila said.

The grand blueprint of governance ultimately must be implemented through meticulous and targeted policy measures. Connelly visited China's rural areas in the 1980s, and the dramatic changes in people's livelihood improvement and regional coordinated development over the decades have left her full of admiration. She cited examples: during the poverty alleviation campaign, China implemented practical measures such as "one household, one policy" (一户一策) targeted assistance and relocation from inhospitable areas, achieving full coverage of registered poor households (建档立卡贫困户) and solving the poverty problem from the root; and promoting the tilt of resources and technology toward the central and western regions, continuously improving the universal medical care and education public service systems. These are important reasons why the Communist Party of China has won the heartfelt support of the vast majority of the people.

"The Communist Party of China is a party that always stands together with the people and can closely link the country's future with the people's well-being," said Wirun Phichaiwongphakdi, director of the Thai-China Belt and Road Research Center (泰国泰中“一带一路”研究中心) in Thailand. He believes that Chinese-style modernization, led and promoted by the Communist Party of China, is not an abstract concept but is concretely embodied in improvements to people's livelihoods, regional development, and social governance. Wirun once visited the old city of Urumqi (乌鲁木齐老城) and the Grand Bazaar (大巴扎) in Xinjiang. The old city's new look, more livable communities, and the smiles on people's faces allowed him to grasp the connotation of Chinese-style modernization — enabling the people to live a happier life. "Modernization is not only about towering buildings and thriving industries, but also about a livable environment, complete services, and harmonious governance." In his view, the peaceful and lively atmosphere of the Grand Bazaar directly confirms that China's development achievements are continuously translated into tangible gains for the people, and the continuous improvement of people's livelihoods further strengthens society's confidence in the development path.

Abbasi has visited many Chinese cities and villages. He described the living conditions of the people he saw as "stable and prosperous, dignified life, full of hope." He said that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, China has built the world's largest social security system and medical and health care system, raising the level of livelihood security to a new level. From poverty alleviation to grassroots governance, China's practice of closely integrating grand development goals with the people's happy lives is a valuable experience that can be drawn upon by developing countries in their pursuit of long-term stability.

In Bencsik's view, the Chinese government deeply understands that "nothing concerning people's livelihood is trivial." From measures such as the "toilet revolution" (厕所革命) that enhance people's dignity and improve public sanitation, to the full coverage of remote rural areas by modern rural medical and health stations, "this effort to let all people share the fruits of development and substantively improve people's living standards is precisely the reason why the Communist Party of China has won broad public support."

Eduardo Tzili, international politics researcher at the Autonomous University of Mexico City (墨西哥城自治大学), believes that putting the people at the center is the most distinct hallmark of China's development philosophy. Currently, many countries face the dilemma of the gap between rich and poor, with the root cause lying in development models that prioritize capital interests and neglect the sharing of development achievements by all people. The Communist Party of China has always placed people's well-being first. This development approach provides useful reference for political parties around the world to solve the problem of sustainable development.

The Way of the Great Path:

Embracing the world to manifest the contemporary value of the century-old Party

Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind (人类命运共同体) and driving the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, Global Security Initiative, Global Civilization Initiative, and Global Governance Initiative (四大全球倡议) — the Communist Party of China has always embraced the world, contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to improving global governance and promoting mutual learning among civilizations, and continuously advancing the lofty cause of world peace and development.

The fundamental reason why the Chinese solution continues to gain recognition from the international community is that it has charted a new path of mutual benefit and win-win outcomes. Tzili believes that the four major global initiatives are based on the development realities of various countries, are practical and feasible, focus on issues of common concern such as development and security, adhere to the principle of equality among all countries regardless of size, fully mobilize all forces to participate together, and inject momentum into the development of Global South countries. "The cooperation between Mexico and China is a vivid practice of this concept," he said. "Under the complex international situation, economic and trade and investment cooperation between the two countries is steadily advancing, moving forward hand in hand on the road of building a community with a shared future, achieving mutual benefit and win-win."

Wirun has participated in the translation and research of the Thai version of Xi Jinping: The Governance of China and strongly agrees with the concept that "great truths are always simple, and action is the most important" (大道至简，实干为要). He said that China always acts proactively based on the common interests of all humanity, promoting high-quality Belt and Road (一带一路) cooperation and the four major global initiatives, allowing more countries and regions to share development opportunities. The broad-mindedness and sense of responsibility of the century-old Party inject continuous confidence and momentum for all countries to move forward together.

Treating each other as equals and mutual respect are the basic norms of the Communist Party of China in international exchanges. Centella has participated in many international exchange activities hosted by the Communist Party of China, fully recognizing that China never exports its development model, nor imposes its will on others. It always respects the history, culture, social system, and independently chosen development path of each country, and encourages countries to explore paths to modernization based on their own national conditions. "China firmly defends multilateralism, promotes the development of the international order in a more just and reasonable direction, and strives to enhance the voice of Global South countries in international governance," Centella said.

China's development has never been a "solo performance" of 独善其身 (dú shàn qí shēn – "to look after one's own self alone," to pursue self-interest without regard for others), but a "chorus" of mutual benefit and win-win. Abbasi praised the Communist Party of China as a century-old Party with a global vision. "Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, China has opened its door wider and wider to the outside world, continuously sharing development opportunities with neighboring countries, enhancing mutual trust through deepening inter-party exchanges and youth exchanges, empowering regional development through pragmatic investment, and injecting strong momentum into the prosperity and stability of the region and the world."

Over 105 years, the Communist Party of China, with its unwavering original aspiration and down-to-earth efforts, has delivered a答卷 that stands the test of history, answering the epochal questions commonly faced by the international community. The governing wisdom, philosophy of people's livelihood, and global vision that the Communist Party of China has tempered in its long journey have long transcended national borders and become a common asset for all humanity. Upholding the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, the Communist Party of China will continue to move forward together with political parties around the world, using its strong ideological leadership to bring Chinese solutions to benefit the globe, and continuously contributing Chinese wisdom to the process of human modernization.

(Our correspondents Yan Huan (颜欢), Zhao Yipu (赵益普), Liu Zhonghua (刘仲华), Dai Kairan (戴楷然), and Zhang Jinruo (张矜若) participated in the reporting and writing.)

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Making Greater Contributions to Human Development and Progress (Heping)

On the occasion of the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party, the National Forum on Party Building was convened in Beijing to make work arrangements for studying and implementing Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building. International figures have paid close attention to this, hoping that by understanding "governance of the Chinese Communist Party" they can further understand "governance of China" and find useful references for their own countries' development. The development journey and governance experience of the century-old major party have always been an important window for the international community to observe China. After 105 years of glorious history, the Chinese Communist Party's original aspiration of seeking happiness for the people has become firmer, its feelings of seeking common good for the world have grown deeper, and its responsibility for seeking progress for humanity has become more courageous and resolute.

Over the past 105 years, the Chinese Communist Party has led the people in arduous struggle and unremitting exploration, guiding the Chinese nation to achieve a great leap from standing up and growing prosperous to becoming strong. China achieved the poverty reduction goal of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ahead of schedule; its per capita GDP has exceeded US$13,000 for three consecutive years; its average annual economic growth rate over the past five years was 5.4%, maintaining a steady contribution of about 30% to global economic growth; and it has built the world's largest education system, social security system, and medical and health system... Today, China's economic aggregate is steadily rising, scientific and technological innovation achievements are constantly emerging, and the ecological environment is continuously improving. In the current complex and volatile international situation, China has already become an anchor of stability in the chaos of world peace, a steadying star in the changing landscape of international order, a main engine in the predicament of global development, and a ballast stone in the crisis of international justice and morality.

China's 举世瞩目 (jǔ shì zhǔ mù - "raise the world's gaze," attracting worldwide attention) development achievements are rooted in the strong leadership of the Chinese Communist Party. In May this year, after visiting the Museum of the Communist Party of China, Uzbek Prime Minister Aripov wrote: "All brilliant achievements and great victories are the result of the Chinese people's struggle for the future of the country under the strong leadership of the Chinese Communist Party." More and more international figures have come to realize that China's development miracle is not accidental; it relies on the strong political guidance of the Chinese Communist Party. From the implementation of the first Five-Year Plan and the establishment of the basic socialist system in the early days of New China, to the thunderous spring thunder of reform and opening up that continuously liberated and developed productive forces, and then to the new era's 攻坚克难 (gōng jiān kè nán - "storm fortresses and overcome difficulties," to tackle tough problems and overcome obstacles) and courageous advance, the Chinese Communist Party has insisted on drawing a blueprint to the end, working on one batch after another, leading the Chinese people steadily forward in the most magnificent modernization process in human history.

Looking at the world, improving people's well-being is a common topic for all governments and a key yardstick for testing the governance capacity of ruling parties. The Chinese Communist Party, based on its national conditions, has led the Chinese people on a path of modernization different from that of the West, creating a new form of human civilization. The path of Chinese-style modernization (中国式现代化) has broken the misconception that modernization can only follow the Western model, providing developing countries with a new choice for independently exploring modernization paths, and also offering a Chinese solution for humanity's exploration of better social systems. The Chinese Communist Party's governance practice of long-term stable governance and continuous promotion of national development also provides important references for the construction of political parties around the world. As Montenegrin Deputy Prime Minister Budimir Aleksić said, Chinese-style modernization provides a new development model for the world, proving that modernization does not have to come at the cost of sacrificing one's own characteristics.

The century-plus journey of struggle of the Chinese Communist Party is not only China's own development path but also a win-win path benefiting the world. The Chinese Communist Party always places China's development within the coordinate system of human development, closely linking its own destiny with that of people of all countries. From proposing the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence (和平共处五项原则) to enshrining the path of peaceful development in the constitution and the party constitution; from promoting the building of a new type of international relations and a community with a shared future for mankind (人类命运共同体) to promoting the common values of all humanity; from jointly building the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路) with high quality with all parties to actively participating in the reform of the global governance system... "China has become a guiding banner for the socialist system and developing countries, a mainstay in maintaining world peace and promoting the building of a multipolar world. China's development provides valuable experience that can be used for reference by developing countries, including Laos," said Thongloun Sisoulith, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and President of Laos.

Seeking dreams across mountains and seas, one does not feel the distance; the road ahead is long and far, we stride forward together. On the new journey, facing changes of the world, of the times, and of history, the Chinese Communist Party, leading China, adheres to the goal of building a community with a shared future for mankind, always acting as a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a defender of the international order, joining hands with all countries to move forward together and achieve win-win cooperation.

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本版责编：侯露露 韩 硕

Layout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)

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Temper Strong Party Spirit, Dedicate to Serving the People (Commentator's Observation)

By: 张 凡

Deeply understand that "persisting in tempering strong Party spirit" is a lifelong task for Party members and cadres, and unremittingly strengthen Party spirit cultivation, internalizing it in the heart and externalizing it in action, ensuring that the mighty force driving the development of the Party and the country is consolidated through strong Party spirit.

To establish and practice a correct view of performance, we must firmly grasp the foundation of "strengthening Party spirit," firm up ideals and convictions, forge loyalty to the Party, cultivate deep feelings for the people, purify moral character, and maintain integrity and self-discipline.

"For my entire life, I have had just one sentence: make up my mind to follow the Party."

As a member of the "Fourth Brigade" of the Central Column during the War of Liberation, Zhang Liansheng, a 102-year-old veteran Party member of Xinhua News Agency, fulfilled his pledge to "always follow the Party" throughout his life. This sincere and profound feeling of believing in and loving the Party fully demonstrates the strong Party spirit and moral strength of Chinese Communists.

On the occasion of the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping replied to Zhang Liansheng, expressing his respect, and emphasized: "Communists in the new era must inherit the red gene, remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind, fulfill our duties and take on responsibilities, and write an excellent answer sheet on the new journey."

"Persisting in tempering strong Party spirit" is one of the essential connotations of the "Fourteen Persistences" in Xi Jinping's thought on Party building.

To govern the country, the Party must first be governed; only when the Party thrives can the country be strong. Entering the period of the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan," strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertain and unpredictable factors increase, which places higher demands on the Party's own construction.

Strong Party spirit is an important guarantee for our Party to maintain its advanced nature and integrity, and to improve its leadership level and governance capability.

To thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping's thought on Party building, we must deeply understand that "persisting in tempering strong Party spirit" is a lifelong task for Party members and cadres, unremittingly strengthen Party spirit cultivation, internalize it in the heart and externalize it in action, ensuring that the mighty force driving the development of the Party and the country is consolidated through strong Party spirit.

Party spirit is the cornerstone for Party members and cadres to establish themselves, pursue their careers, express their views, and cultivate their virtue. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Party spirit is, in the final analysis, a matter of stance." With strong Party spirit, one can be of one heart and one mind with the Party at all times, maintain a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee in thought, politics, and action, and do one's utmost to complete the tasks assigned by the Party.

More than 70 years ago, the "Fourth Brigade" of the Central Column followed the Party Central Committee in its campaign in northern Shaanxi. In those eventful years, the Party's voice, transmitted through the red radio waves of the "Fourth Brigade," crossed the flames of war and spread across the whole country. The entire Party unconditionally executed the orders of the Party Central Committee, driving the Chinese revolution toward victory.

In the new era, from winning the battle against poverty to regular and precise assistance, from responding to the century-old pandemic to flood control, emergency rescue, and handling contingencies, at the command of the Party Central Committee, Party organizations at all levels act upon hearing the order, and the vast majority of Party members and cadres charge ahead, consolidating a powerful force to overcome difficulties.

"At any time and under any circumstances, we must persist in maintaining a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee, forming harmony within the ensemble conducted by the unified command of the Party Central Committee, and must never deviate from the tune or change the melody."

Only by acting vigorously in tempering Party spirit, maintaining a high degree of consistency with the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in political stance, political direction, political principles, and political path, continuously improving political judgment, political understanding, and political execution, and being loyal, clean, and responsible, can we truly win the trust of the people and serve the masses with strong Party spirit, and take on responsibilities and fulfill our mission with excellent skills.

Political firmness and firmness in Party spirit are inseparable from theoretical firmness. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out, "Political cultivation must be placed first in Party spirit cultivation, drawing nourishment for Party spirit from the Party's innovative theories." The key to tempering Party spirit, forging work style, and improving ability lies in deepening, internalizing, and transforming the Party's innovative theories into "nourishment" for transforming the subjective world and the "key" for transforming the objective world.

In Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, the Guan Cheng River was once foul-smelling, and the local authorities used cement covers to "hide the ugliness."

Deeply studying "the restoration of the Yangtze River's ecological environment must be given an overriding priority, and we must pursue major protection and stop major development," they removed the covers, dredged the silt, controlled pollution sources, intercepted sewage, and separated rainwater and sewage, restoring the clear water and clean flow of the Guan Cheng River.

Carefully comprehending "to promote high-quality development, culture is an important fulcrum," the renovation of the banks of the Guan Cheng River did not involve large investments. Instead, it persisted in empowering with culture, retaining the cultural context through "micro-renovation," and creating a distinctive urban cultural space.

Faithfully practicing "taking the mass line, asking for their needs and seeking their advice," residents' satisfaction with the neighborhood renovation reached 92%.

Today, the Guan Cheng River has returned to being the "Jade Belt River," with people, water, and the city coexisting harmoniously. This relies precisely on the Party's innovative theories providing direction and clarifying methods, achieving a "correction" of erroneous development concepts.

In reality, some localities "make modifications" or "cut corners" in implementing tasks, and "drop the ball" at critical moments. The essence of this is weak Party spirit, and the root cause lies in the failure to achieve the "integration of learning, thinking, and application, and the unity of knowledge, belief, and action."

By further strengthening theoretical study, consolidating theoretical foundations, and consciously using Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to observe new situations, study new circumstances, and solve new problems, we can better ensure political firmness through theoretical clarity, guide action through ideological consciousness, and continuously elevate Party spirit cultivation through theoretical arming.

In establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, Party spirit plays a decisive role. Only with strong Party spirit and the abandonment of selfish thoughts and distracting ideas can one achieve performance for the people and through practical work.

Party-mass service centers in Shanghai have frequently become popular on social media platforms.

The Xuhui Riverside Party-mass Service Center, located just over 200 meters from the beautiful shoreline of the Huangpu River, is fully equipped with barrier-free restrooms, "One-Stop Online Government Service" machines, and other convenience facilities, and has also set up a "Love Relay Station" for outdoor workers.

On the banks of Suzhou Creek, the Butterfly Bay Riverside Party-mass Service Center in Jing'an District offers a complete range of facilities, including community canteens, study rooms, cafes, and a runner's and cyclist's refueling station, attracting many tourists to check in.

The "Wangjiang Posthouse" in Pudong New Area, the "Shore Hub" in Xuhui District, the "Suhe Pavilion" in Putuo District... Over a hundred distinctive public spaces have been built along the "One River, One Creek" in Shanghai.

Calculating the big picture and the long term, Shanghai persists in "leaving the best resources for the people," allowing the people to share in the fruits of development, embodying the value concept of the "people's city" and demonstrating the correct view of performance of "seeking well-being for the people."

"The fundamental yardstick for measuring the strength of Party spirit is the distinction between public and private."

In undertaking endeavors, whether for the public or for private gain, the starting point differs, and the results can be as different as clouds and mud. Some "image projects" and "vanity projects" that waste money and manpower appear on the surface to be decision-making errors, but in essence, they are all due to weak Party spirit and selfish motives.

"Our Party is a party that is established for the public good and governs for the people," and Party members and cadres must sincerely and wholeheartedly strive for the cause of the Party and the people.

To establish and practice a correct view of performance, we must firmly grasp the foundation of "strengthening Party spirit," firm up ideals and convictions, forge loyalty to the Party, cultivate deep feelings for the people, purify moral character, maintain integrity and self-discipline, and strive to create real achievements that stand the test of practice, the people, and history.

"We are a major party, leading a major country, and undertaking a great cause."

Chinese Communists in the new era persistently temper strong Party spirit, fortify the foundation of faith, replenish the calcium of the spirit, and steady the rudder of thought, remaining true to our original aspiration and keeping our mission firmly in mind, working together with one heart and one mind to walk the new Long March. They will surely be able to create an even brighter future.

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How Shaanxi Apples Expand Their Reach (On-Site Commentary)

By: 张丹华

Concentrate efforts to tackle tough problems and work scientifically and skillfully, only then can one harness the momentum, transforming the "possibility" of resource endowments into practical "feasibility," and turning "relying on heaven for food" into "knowing heaven and acting accordingly."

Standing on a high vantage point in Nangou Village, Wuqi County (吴起县), Yan'an City, Shaanxi, the view is filled with green. Villagers told the reporter that the mountains are covered with apple trees, "In a few months, what you'll see will be 'red with green.'"

Wuqi County was not originally a major apple-producing area. In response to Shaanxi's "northward expansion, westward shift" plan for apple-producing areas, apple cultivation was promoted starting in 2015, and the planting area of mountain apples has now reached 120,000 mu.

It is not only Wuqi County. Today, on the Loess Plateau, the apple-growing belt is quietly expanding.

For example, on the southern edge of the Mu Us Sandy Land, Zhaoshipan Village (赵石畔村), Hengshan District (横山区), Yulin City, once "hidden in wind and sand," now has a 300-mu orchard where apples have already been bagged, "brewing" sweetness.

Why has the apple-growing map expanded? In October 2022, during an inspection tour in Yan'an, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Vigorously developing the apple-growing industry can be described as having the right timing, favorable geography, and harmonious human relations; this is the best, most suitable industry, with great prospects." From this, we can find the methodology for strengthening our strengths.

What is meant by "right timing and favorable geography"?

Years ago, Shaanxi launched the "northward expansion, westward shift" project for the apple industry. At the time, some questioned: can apples be grown further north? The data gave the answer: compared with 1961–1990, the northern boundary of the climate-suitable apple-growing area in Shaanxi for 1991–2020 shifted northward by an average of about 110 kilometers, and the western boundary westward by about 80 kilometers.

The increase in temperature, the extension of the frost-free period, the increase in precipitation, together with the ridge-slope fields and terraced terrain that facilitate the dispersal of cold air, constitute the "comfort zone" for apple growth.

寒来暑往 (hán lái shǔ wǎng - "cold comes, heat goes," the passage of seasons) — this is the law of nature; 春种秋收 (chūn zhòng qiū shōu - "sow in spring, reap in autumn," the wisdom of acting in accordance with the seasons) — this is the wisdom of responding to the seasons. Guo Jie, Director of the Meteorological Bureau of Mizhi County (米脂县), Yulin City, did a calculation: after the northward shift of the apple-growing boundary, the county's current planting area is 230,000 mu, with a total output of 200,000 tons last year, making it a pillar for increasing farmers' income.

That natural laws are favorable to us does not mean we can "win by lying down." Climate change has brought heat and precipitation, but also new challenges—the flowering period advances, increasing the risk of frost damage. How to break through?

Through variety selection and breeding, promoting cold-resistant new varieties; developing "meteorological little sentinels" in orchards, reducing the error in low-temperature monitoring from 5 degrees Celsius to 0.5 degrees Celsius; promoting frost-control smoke fumigation and frost-prevention fans, guiding fruit farmers in fine management... Walking through the orchards, details are everywhere, reflecting the power of "harmonious human relations."

Strengthening our strengths is not 一劳永逸 (yī láo yǒng yì - "one effort, lasting ease," to solve a problem once and for all), nor can advantages be maintained simply by relying on scale expansion. Only by concentrating efforts to tackle tough problems and working scientifically and skillfully can we harness the momentum, turning the "possibility" of resource endowments into practical "feasibility," and allowing "relying on heaven for food" to become "knowing heaven and acting accordingly."

The power of "harmonious human relations," in the final analysis, is the endogenous motivation of the common people. Only by making characteristic industries truly industries that enrich the people can we win the trust of the people and build consensus for development.

From variety selection and breeding to standardized planting, from cold-chain storage to deep processing of apples, in Shaanxi, a single apple links together an entire industrial chain, driving 337,100 people to increase their income. The sweetness of apples reaches deep into the heart; the roots of apples grow ever deeper.

Trees are planted by people, and fruit must be managed by people. In Lhorong County (洛隆县), Changdu City, Tibet, contract farming has driven over a thousand highland barley-growing households to increase their average annual income by 20,000 yuan; in Houjiayingzi Village (侯家营子村), Bainijing Town (白泥井镇), Dalad Banner (达拉特旗), Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, land shares brought farmers more than 10,000 yuan in dividends in the first year; in Jiang County (绛县), Yuncheng City, Shanxi, the strawberry industry has driven over a thousand women in the surrounding area to achieve employment close to home... Improving the interest-linkage mechanism, linking with and benefiting farmers, revitalizing agriculture and enriching farmers—the "harmonious human relations" power of industrial development is inexhaustible.

From the fight against poverty to comprehensive rural revitalization, from achieving moderate prosperity in all respects to striving for common prosperity—step by step, a better life is visible and tangible, fully stimulating the enthusiasm of the common people to be willing, able, and persistent in their efforts, converging into a mighty torrent that propels Chinese-style modernization.

From introducing saplings for trial planting to the current "northward expansion, westward shift," on this vast and deep yellow earth, the story of the apple continues to write new chapters. Making good use of "right timing and favorable geography," and nurturing and strengthening "harmonious human relations," the land of China will bear more sweet fruits of development.

(The author is a reporter from this newspaper's Shaanxi bureau.)

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From "Separate Governance by Each Authority" to "Social Co-Governance" (New Knowledge)

By: 韩 鑫

[Phenomenon]

Recently, data released by the Ministry of Transport shows that as of the end of April this year, the total number of road chiefs nationwide was 664,000, including 21,000 at the county level, 77,000 at the township level, and 566,000 at the village level. The three-tier road chief system and its supporting road maintenance personnel team cover the entire chain of rural road construction, management, maintenance, operation, and road environment improvement, providing an important guarantee for accelerating the enhancement of rural road governance capacity.

[Commentary]

What is the road chief system? Observing one example can provide a tangible understanding.

In Dayingzi Township, Linxi County, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia, national and county roads pass through the township, with township and village-level roads crisscrossing. In the past, road management and maintenance were the "sole responsibility" of the county-level road management and maintenance center, which often proved inadequate due to the extensive network and wide coverage. Since the implementation of the road chief system, villages along township and village roads have acquired public welfare personnel. With fixed personnel and fixed posts, and regular patrols, roadbeds are repaired when damaged, roads are cleaned promptly when dirty. The roads are better, the scenery is more beautiful, giving the rural landscape a completely new look.

The core of the road chief system is to assign dedicated "stewards," clarify rights and responsibilities, and assign responsibility to specific individuals, transforming rural roads from "unmanaged" to "maintained" and from "uncontrollable" to "well-managed," thereby addressing shortcomings in management and maintenance and improving governance efficiency.

Rural roads are "30% construction, 70% maintenance." Today's China has built the world's largest rural transportation infrastructure, serving the most people and possessing the strongest public welfare nature. The increasingly dense road network has made "mountain villages feel like neighbors" a reality, but it also brings immense maintenance pressure. To continuously improve road network quality and service capacity, the entrenched concept of "emphasizing construction over maintenance" must be changed, achieving the goal that "every road that exists must be maintained, and maintenance must be thorough." By the end of 2024, the proportion of rural roads rated as excellent, good, or medium in China had risen to 94.8%. The rapid shift from "being able to travel" to "traveling well" is inseparable from the strong support of hundreds of thousands of road chiefs.

The road chief system did not emerge from nowhere; it is a mechanism innovation rooted in the soil of practice, reflecting the continuity of governance wisdom. All seven major river basins in China have established provincial-level joint conference mechanisms for river and lake chiefs. By 2025, the proportion of nationally monitored surface water sections with excellent or good water quality had increased by 23.6 percentage points compared to 2016, before the implementation of the river chief system. The comprehensive implementation of the river and lake chief system has driven significant achievements in China's river and lake management and protection. Deepening the implementation of the forest chief system, Tibet added 1.48 million mu of newly planted forests and restored and managed 5.17 million mu of degraded grasslands in 2025. The pioneering explorations of the river and lake chief system and the forest chief system have accumulated experience and laid a solid foundation for the comprehensive rollout of the road chief system.

Looking deeper, from the river and lake chief system that safeguards clear waters and long-flowing rivers, to the forest chief system that promotes both green development and prosperity, to the road chief system that protects the crisscrossing paths of fields and villages, a series of successful practices bearing the title "chief" conceal the code for the continuous leap in China's governance effectiveness.

The key to the effectiveness of various "chief systems" lies in the "system." Behind seemingly simple institutional innovations lie numerous cross-departmental, cross-regional, and cross-level collaboration platforms, as well as complete sets of assessment, supervision, and accountability systems. Today, walking on rural roads across the country, one can often see road chief system information boards in areas with dense人流 (rénliú - pedestrian traffic). The responsibilities of the road chief, the sections under management, and the supervision phone number are all clear at a glance. Horizontal coordination and vertical integration, like lifting the main rope of a net to open all the meshes, have solved the chronic governance problem of "each managing their own patch, hindering each other," forming a combined force from "governance by various chiefs" to "social co-governance," truly making good ecology a public good and convenient roads a path to revitalization.

The road chief system, the field chief system, the ecological protection compensation mechanism... these institutional innovations continuously stimulate development vitality, serving as a vivid portrayal of "achieving 'China's governance' through 'China's system.'" Persistently advancing institutional innovation based on practice, striving to transform institutional advantages into governance effectiveness, consolidating the foundation, addressing shortcomings, and strengthening weak links will surely continue to create new glories for "China's governance."

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Tailoring in 'Lightning Response' (Micro)

By: 韩忠楠

Today, the shock that "Made in China" brings to the world lies not only in its lightning-fast response speed, but also in its ability to turn the latest creative ideas into reality.

Recently, one blockbuster product after another has emerged from Yiwu, the "world's supermarket." From keenly capturing market signals on social platforms, to developing derivative products, and then extending the series matrix to turn social media trends into "long-tail" business, Yiwu — which understands trends, emotions, and life — has satisfied the appetites of global consumers with lightning-fast response speed.

Made in China has already honed the ability to tailor its offerings with "lightning response." Based on a complete industrial and supply chain, more and more small and medium-sized enterprises have acquired flexible production capabilities. They can not only quickly fill market gaps, but also achieve "produce on demand, ship on production." The "small orders, fast response" model can "change the blueprint today, produce a sample tomorrow," and can even "deliver 5 pieces if 5 are needed, and 100 pieces if 100 are needed."

This flexibility is not limited to consumer goods. Even the containers used for transportation have moved beyond the stage of "a thousand containers, one face" and entered the track of refined customization. For transporting specialty fruits, cold-chain containers with precise temperature control are introduced; to meet the demand for carrying heavy equipment like server racks, data center containers are designed; for complex environments such as high salt spray in coastal areas, extreme cold in the north, and high temperatures and dust in deserts, performance in anti-corrosion, cold resistance, heat insulation, and dust prevention is specifically strengthened.

The speed of Made in China is not a matter of a single enterprise accelerating its pace, but of the entire ecosystem iterating and upgrading. The trial-and-error and accumulation of thousands upon thousands of enterprises, the polishing and inheritance of details by generations of craftsmen, and the sustained investment and targeted policy implementation by the government in logistics infrastructure and the business environment — all jointly support a highly efficient industrial system. Within this system, upstream and downstream coordinate, domestic and foreign trade are integrated, online and offline merge, and the ability to respond quickly and innovate proactively continuously evolves. This is precisely where the resilience of the Chinese economy lies.

This resilience is a kind of systemic efficiency. In the supply chain, even a single screw or a single coating has highly specialized small and medium-sized enterprises deeply engaged. When thousands upon thousands of "individual champions" are combined, and countless "small but specialized" entities converge, they form the advantage of a "large and strong" industrial and supply chain.

This resilience is also a kind of accumulation over time. The improvement of the development environment and the blossoming of innovation results ultimately rely on actions that directly confront problems. For example, helping a merchant secure a railway container slot, negotiating over the export standard for an umbrella, or running training classes to address a shortage of translators for a less-commonly used language — these are the kinds of actions taken. Only by unblocking each bottleneck that "chokes the neck" and by catching each "unforeseen" demand can we cultivate fertile soil for innovation that is both efficient and flexible, forming lasting competitiveness.

The ocean of the Chinese economy, beneath its magnificent waves, has deep and steady currents. By cultivating intensively in every sub-sector, by striving for excellence in every service link, and by proactively evolving with every trend change, the golden signboard of "Made in China" will shine ever brighter amid the tides of the times.

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"One-click payment" must not become "one-click debt"

By: 王 琦

"Instant Discount," "First Order for 0 Yuan"... When many users habitually click on the option that is pre-checked by default, they may not notice that they have actually selected a "monthly payment" type of credit product. Some people have even had their credit records affected due to overdue repayment.

In response to issues in the internet loan assistance business, from the National Financial Regulatory Administration (国家金融监督管理总局) summoning the operating entities of five platforms for talks, to the "Measures for the Administration of Online Marketing of Financial Products" (金融产品网络营销管理办法) explicitly prohibiting the bundling of payments and credit, regulators have deployed a powerful set of "combined punches."

The key to the implementation of the new regulations is by no means merely adding one more partition label on the payment page; rather, it lies in achieving a leap from "formal compliance" to "substantive effectiveness." To this end, it is necessary to establish three clear benchmarks.

The first is transparency. The comprehensive financing cost must be "clearly stated in one table," rather than playing "hide-and-seek" within folded pages and complex agreements. The second is suitability. Platforms must assess consumers' debt-bearing capacity, rather than "casting a wide net." The third is traceability. When a transaction involves multiple companies and a series of contracts, consumers must be clearly informed: who provided the loan, who collected the fees, who will handle the collection, and whom to contact if problems arise.

Consumer credit is an important service method for consumer finance, and its innovation needs to be conducted under regulation. This requires sustained regulatory penetration, genuine self-discipline on the part of platforms, and also requires every consumer to take one more second to look and exercise a bit more prudence before clicking "Confirm." After all, on this internet full of "one-click completion," slowing down is, in itself, a form of protection.

(Excerpted from the People's Court Daily (人民法院报), originally titled "Don't Let 'One-Click Payment' Become 'One-Click Debt'")

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Photo Report

At the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center Data Training Base, over a hundred robots are "attending class" simultaneously; at the Embodied Intelligence Training Ground of the Xiong'an Group Digital City Company in Hebei's Xiong'an New Area, robots are "interning" in scenarios such as industrial handling and commercial retail… Real-scenario training is an important bridge for robots to transition from demonstration and verification to routine operation. Multiple regions across the country are establishing "robot schools," relying on massive quantities of high-quality data to open up a broader industrial stage.

Thus it is:
Steel bodies also need to go to school,
Practice makes perfect, testing their edge.
Today they train until their skills are full,
Willing to take human form and serve as pillars.
Shen Qiu

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Li Bin, He Juan, Yin Shuanghong

Email for this section: rmrbpl@peopledaily.cn (When submitting, please indicate the column name)

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Anchor the goal with concrete action, rise to the occasion and fulfill the mission: ICBC Beijing Branch upholds Party building leadership to serve the broader development agenda

Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Beijing Municipal Branch (hereinafter referred to as "ICBC Beijing Branch") deeply studies and implements the guiding principles of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and each plenary session of the 20th Central Committee. Based on serving the overall development of the capital, it deeply practices the political nature and people-centeredness of financial work. With the mission and responsibility of "serving the country through finance" (金融报国) and the pragmatic attitude of "professionalism and dedication" (专业专注), it strives to build a high-quality demonstration branch for Party building, leading the branch's high-quality development to achieve new results.

**Improving Systems and Mechanisms, Adhering to the Correct Direction of Financial Work**

As a state-owned bank serving the capital region, ICBC Beijing Branch adheres to consciously upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee over financial work, inherits and promotes the red financial genes of ICBC, and firmly implements the deployments of the Central Financial Work Conference with concrete actions. It adheres to and strengthens the Party's overall leadership. Focusing on the leadership role of the Party Committee in setting direction, managing the overall situation, and ensuring implementation, it strictly implements the "Three Major and One Large" decision-making mechanism, promoting more scientific and efficient Party Committee leadership. It improves the implementation of the "First Agenda" system, establishes a working mechanism of "policy study – decision support – closed-loop supervision," and promptly transmits the latest policy spirit down to the grassroots frontline. It adheres to the thorough implementation of central deployments. Thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee and the deployment requirements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" outline, it deeply researches and plans the branch's development plan for the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, formulates and implements a work plan for leading high-quality development with high-quality Party building, communicates and implements several measures from ICBC Head Office to support the high-quality development of ICBC Beijing Branch, promotes grassroots Party organizations to consolidate operational consensus with distinctive Party building brands, and uses concrete deployments and actions to embed Party leadership throughout the entire process of reform and transformation, continuously activating new momentum for high-quality development. It adheres to full and rigorous Party governance. Always keeping the string of discipline construction taut, it implements special supervision around key areas such as technology finance and inclusive finance, improves the supervision mechanism for key groups, and enhances the quality and effectiveness of disciplinary inspection supervision. It strives to build clean units, persistently grasps and strengthens work style construction, establishes a "Clean Government Agenda" mechanism for Party Committee meetings, and promotes stricter and more concrete measures to govern the bank with discipline, providing a strong political guarantee for high-quality development.

**Focusing on Improving Quality and Efficiency, Adhering to Serving Economic and Social Development**

ICBC Beijing Branch deeply understands and grasps the responsibility and requirements of financial services for economic and social development. Centering on the financial needs of modern industrial system construction, it actively transforms its business philosophy and service methods, promoting the improvement of quality and efficiency in financial services. It strives to serve national strategies. Continuously deepening cooperation relationships between banks and government, and between banks and enterprises, it builds an upper-lower coordinated strategic implementation linkage service system. It assists the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, achieving financing support exceeding 1.6 trillion yuan, providing strong financial support for the construction of the modern capital metropolitan area. It actively integrates into and serves high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, promoting the implementation of over 400 projects in 90 partner countries since 2025. It strives to promote economic growth. Resolutely implementing the work requirements of the "Four Stabilities," it precisely connects with the major decisions and deployments of the "Two Major" and "Two New" initiatives. In 2025, the branch issued over one trillion yuan in new domestic and foreign currency loans. Focusing on Beijing's five trillion-level industrial clusters, it has formed detailed industrial maps for 25 sub-sectors including commercial aerospace, integrated circuits, and artificial intelligence. It resolutely implements the special action to boost consumption, issuing 6.8 million consumption vouchers in 2025, with personal consumption loan issuance in the first quarter of this year increasing by nearly 20% year-on-year. It strives to meet market demand. Deeply grasping the cyclical change patterns of the economy, it focuses on total market volume, total customers, and total demand, promotes the implementation of comprehensive financial solutions, and builds a closed-loop mechanism of "demand perception – supply iteration – value creation." It fully supports the Beijing Stock Exchange in deepening reforms and expanding capacity and improving quality, customizes "emergency liquidity guarantee tools," and continuously promotes the precise alignment of total products and total services. It persists in deeply carrying out product and service innovation projects, launching over 300 innovative products such as "Pilot Scale-up Loan" (中试贷) since 2025, more precisely and efficiently meeting market financial service demands.

**Fulfilling the Financial Mission, Adhering to Writing the "Five Major Articles" of Finance**

ICBC Beijing Branch focuses on the fundamental purpose of financial services serving the real economy. Centering on the important requirements of doing a good job in the "Five Major Articles" of finance, it strengthens overall planning and systematic promotion, optimizes the institutional system and guarantee mechanisms, and adheres to the simultaneous advancement of key breakthroughs and innovative promotion, achieving "highlights in each of the five major articles." The strength of technology financial services is greater. Adhering to "driving with equity, building foundation with loans," it implements a linkage marketing mechanism, improves business layout, supplements the product matrix, launches new products such as R&D loans for technology enterprises and "Two Major" loans for technology, and continuously optimizes service effectiveness. As of now, over 16,000 accounts have been opened for science and technology innovation enterprises, covering approximately 40% of the Beijing market share; the loan balance for technology enterprises exceeds 150 billion yuan, with a net increase of over 10 billion yuan from the beginning of the year. The quality of green financial services is brighter. Thoroughly implementing the green development concept, actively implementing the "Dual Carbon" strategy, focusing on key areas such as industrial low-carbon transformation, it strongly supports major clean energy projects, implements multiple new businesses such as ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) advisory services, green foreign debt pilot business, and sustainability-linked loans, and vigorously develops green finance. The measures for inclusive financial services are more concrete. Deeply promoting the online, intelligent, intensive, and ecological transformation of inclusive finance, it implements "Private Investment Special" guarantee loans to help small and micro enterprises and individual industrial and commercial households alleviate financing difficulties. By the end of 2025, it achieved a new breakthrough of "two thousand billions" in both inclusive loan balance and annual disbursement volume, providing strong support for the stable operation of market entities and employment expansion. The direction of pension financial services is more precise. Creating the exclusive "ICBC Pension Finance" brand, it optimizes and reshapes the pension financial management mechanism, precisely focuses on the three main directions of pension fund finance, pension service finance, and pension industry finance, implements the pension industry loan product following the new policy of the People's Bank of China on service consumption and pension relending, serves over 160 elderly care institutions, and assists in building a multi-level pension security system. The experience of digital financial services is better. Holding a bank-wide science and technology conference for two consecutive years, it strengthens the R&D, promotion, and application of innovative achievements, promotes the innovative application of digital RMB in the utilization of Winter Olympics legacy, implements 172 digital finance characteristic achievements for customers such as "ICBC Integration" and "Special Payroll Services," and makes digital financial services more convenient.

**Strengthening Responsibility and Commitment, Adhering to Integrating into the Overall Development of the Capital**

ICBC Beijing Branch insists on viewing finance from the perspective of the capital's functions, serves the construction of the capital's "Four Centers" with the highest standards, and effectively fulfills the responsibilities of a major state-owned bank in the capital. It creates a new benchmark for the "Red Wall Branch" (红墙分行). Adhering to making the service and guarantee of Beijing's political center function the primary task, it innovatively builds a government service mechanism with full-chain response and full-process closed-loop, promoting the efficiency of government services. Centering on Beijing's major conferences and activities, it establishes a systematic guarantee mechanism, fully completes the financial guarantee tasks for important events such as the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, the China International Fair for Trade in Services, and the Financial Street Forum, making positive contributions to financial services. It polishes the new name card of "Cultural Finance." Focusing on the construction of the cultural center, targeting the characteristics of cultural enterprises ("light assets, financing difficulties"), it launches a "Comprehensive Financial Product System," creating a comprehensive cultural financial service ecosystem covering fund management, debt financing, investment banking, and other businesses. It promotes the integration of banking services into the development of the cultural industry, implements "one point, one policy" for branch-specific characteristic transformations based on local conditions, strives to build new scenarios for cultural consumption, and the influence of the cultural finance brand is increasingly enhanced. It builds new advantages in "Cross-border Finance." Actively serving the construction of the international exchange center, relying on ICBC's global network advantages, it fully supports home-ground diplomatic activities and major international events, continuously enhancing cross-border comprehensive financial service capabilities. In light of new changes in the global economic landscape, it actively expands its "circle of friends," strives to become the preferred bank for enterprises "going global" and "bringing in," and assists Beijing in enhancing its global resource allocation capabilities and international exchange service capabilities. It activates the new engine of technological innovation. Fully supporting the construction of the International Science and Technology Innovation Center, it correctly handles the relationship between latent achievements and visible achievements, transforms service concepts, and accelerates the shift from a mere capital provider to a full life-cycle service partner. It persists in deepening the linkage between investment and loans, breaks through traditional credit thinking, launches "Disruptive Technology Innovation Special Loans" and "Scientific and Technological Achievement Transformation Loans," helps to open up the entire chain of scientific and technological achievement transformation ("0 to 1, 1 to 10, 10 to 100"), and assists in cultivating and developing new quality productive forces with a new ecology of industry-finance integration.

Data Source: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Beijing Municipal Branch

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Global Electric Vehicle Market Enters New Phase of Accelerated Growth (International Perspective)

By: 本报记者 刘 赫

The latest "Global EV Outlook 2026" report released by the International Energy Agency (IEA) estimates that global EV sales will reach 23 million vehicles in 2026, accounting for nearly 30% of global new car sales, compared to only about 5% five or six years ago. Among them, EV sales in the European market are expected to grow by 20%; EV sales in Asia-Pacific countries excluding China are expected to grow by more than 50%; sales in Latin America will grow by 45%. IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol recently stated that the global EV market has entered a new phase of accelerated growth.

Multiple countries set new historical sales records

Since the beginning of this year, with the rise in international oil prices, consumers' willingness to purchase EVs has increased significantly. Coupled with supportive policies from various countries, the global EV market has accelerated its expansion. The latest data from Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, a globally renowned consulting firm headquartered in London, shows that in May 2026, global registrations of pure battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles were approximately 1.8 million units, a year-on-year increase of 3%, achieving growth for three consecutive months.

The latest report from S&P Global Mobility indicates that from March to April this year, EV sales in 91% of countries and regions worldwide were higher than the same period last year. A total of 37 countries and regions set new monthly record highs for EV sales. Among them, 28 countries and regions, including Australia and the United Kingdom, set new monthly EV sales records in March, while 9 countries and regions, including Brazil, set new highs in April. The EV share in 28 countries and regions exceeded the 16% threshold, a figure generally regarded by the industry as an important node in the expansion of EV adoption. By region, in the first quarter of 2026, European EV sales increased by nearly 30% year-on-year, Asia-Pacific countries excluding China grew by 80% year-on-year, and Latin American sales rose by 75%.

Charles Lester, Data Manager at Benchmark Mineral Intelligence, stated that since the beginning of this year, subsidy policies and persistently high fuel prices have stimulated consumer demand for vehicle purchases, with many users choosing to purchase EVs ahead of schedule. Automotive sales data reflects a clear shift in consumer behavior. Currently, demand for EVs is strong in some regions, and existing inventories are being consumed rapidly. The "Global EV Outlook 2026" report predicts that, with the increasing competitiveness of EVs and stricter carbon dioxide and fuel efficiency standards, the global EV fleet will reach 510 million vehicles by 2035, an increase of more than six times compared to 2025, and the share of EVs in global vehicle sales will rise to approximately 50%.

Transport electrification advances in depth

The IEA report believes that the measures taken globally to address the energy crisis "will reshape the global automotive market landscape over the next several years." Data shows that the global stock of EVs in 2025 can reduce oil demand by approximately 1.7 million barrels per day. By 2030, the annual oil displacement by EVs will reach approximately 5 million barrels per day. For countries heavily dependent on oil imports, new energy vehicles such as EVs are becoming an important choice for reducing energy risks.

Currently, this transformation is extending from the passenger car sector to a broader range of transportation scenarios. The electrification process of road transport in various countries is advancing rapidly. In 2025, global sales of electric trucks accounted for 9% of total truck sales. As the cost of power batteries continues to decline, the economic viability of electric trucks is improving. It is estimated that by 2035, electric trucks will account for more than 20% of global truck sales.

Electric vehicles are also accelerating their integration with artificial intelligence and new power electronics technologies, driving the transformation of vehicles from traditional means of transport into intelligent energy terminals. More advanced battery management systems, more efficient charging technologies, and smart driving functions are becoming increasingly widespread, making EVs a typical representative of "software-defined vehicles." "Energy innovation has become a strategic priority for economies around the world," Birol said. "As energy security and industrial competitiveness become top issues, those economies that continue to invest in research and development, demonstration, and early deployment will be best positioned to lead the next generation of energy technologies."

Sigrid de Vries, Director General of the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association (ACEA), stated that what is now more important is to align policies, markets, and industrial capabilities so that zero-emission transport truly has a foundation for sustainable development. She believes that volatility in the global energy market has once again highlighted the importance of reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Transport electrification remains an important pathway to enhancing energy security and industrial competitiveness, and through deep integration with areas such as the power grid, energy storage, and artificial intelligence, it provides support for the global green and low-carbon transition and the restructuring of the energy system.

Chinese vehicles stabilize the global supply chain

The new energy shuttle buses shuttling back and forth on the streets of Mexico City, the capital of Mexico, mostly come from China; in April this year, Brazil's imports of Chinese EVs increased by more than 200% year-on-year, making it the single largest destination for Chinese EV exports that month; in April, other Asian countries' imports of Chinese EVs increased by 20% year-on-year, becoming the largest import market.

Facing strong market demand, Chinese EVs, with their complete industrial chain, intelligent advantages, and rapid delivery capabilities, are rewriting the global automotive market landscape and becoming a key force in stabilizing the global supply chain. Data from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers shows that from January to May this year, China's auto exports continued to maintain rapid growth, of which new energy vehicle exports reached 1.833 million units, a year-on-year increase of 1.1 times.

More and more overseas consumers are re-evaluating Chinese cars. In Europe, the share of Chinese EVs in total sales exceeded 15% for the first time, and European consumer demand for Chinese EV models is strong; in the United States, Bloomberg, citing multiple opinion polls, reported that a considerable portion of American consumers have shown strong interest in Chinese auto brands. A survey by Cox Automotive in the U.S. showed that nearly 40% of American drivers said they were "very likely" or "quite likely" to consider purchasing a Chinese-branded vehicle, and among Generation Z consumers (born 1995–2009), this proportion rose to 69%.

A BBC reporter recently visited automobile factories in Beijing and Hefei, Anhui, and stated that Chinese automakers are not only maintaining a lead in the EV sector but also demonstrating significant advantages in battery technology, software development, industrial automation, and other areas. During the 2026 Beijing Auto Show, American auto vlogger "Wheel Guy" (车轮哥) Ethan Robertson led a group of fans from over 10 countries to tour the Chinese new energy vehicle exhibition booths. Smart cockpits, rapid charging, assisted driving, comfortable configurations — model after model left many overseas consumers exclaiming "beyond imagination." "Wheel Guy" believes that, facing the long-term dominance of traditional automakers in the fuel vehicle sector, Chinese automakers have chosen to open up new tracks in the fields of electrification and intelligence. Today, China boasts the world's most complete new energy vehicle industrial chain, from batteries and electronic controls to vehicle infotainment systems, all achieved through independent and controllable capabilities. This enables Chinese automakers to respond quickly to market demand and achieve rapid product iteration.

For many countries, Chinese new energy vehicles provide new impetus for local green transformation and industrial upgrading. In Thailand, Chinese automakers are reshaping the country from a Japanese car assembly base into a Southeast Asian EV manufacturing hub. In France, the factory jointly built by Xiamen Tungsten New Energy Materials Co., Ltd. (厦门厦钨新能源材料股份有限公司) and France's Orano Group has officially commenced construction. French Minister of Economy, Finance, Industry, Energy and Digital Sovereignty Roland Lescure praised the factory at the groundbreaking ceremony as "a key link in battery technology R&D and innovation," stating that this joint venture "will demonstrate that France and other European countries can cooperate with China in a mutually beneficial and win-win manner."

Reuters published an article stating that over the past few months, the trend of Chinese automakers cooperating with European companies and utilizing local idle capacity for production has become increasingly evident. As European market demand grows, Chinese automakers' mature electrification technology, supply chain systems, and competitive products are providing more choices for the popularization of new energy vehicles in the region.

(This newspaper, Berlin, June 30)

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Destination Marketing: From Scenic Views to Human Warmth (Economic Perspective)

By: 王春雷

In recent years, the global cultural tourism market has seen no shortage of impressive marketing stories: Slovenia amplifies the word "LOVE" within its country name (SLOVENIA) in its national branding to convey a message of love; Singapore uses "So Easy to Play" to interpret a spirit of exploration full of surprises; Fiji employs "Born Happy" to outline a life of comfort and contentment on the island. These explorations signal a deep-seated transformation — the underlying logic of the global cultural tourism market is being reshaped, and its core proposition has shifted from "what is here" to "why I come." A destination is no longer merely a coordinate on a map, but a way of life, a value orientation, and an emotional belonging.

Currently, geopolitical tensions test the resilience of the global economy, and major economies are actively seeking new growth drivers. Destination marketing, as a bridge connecting culture, tourism, and the economy, is increasingly becoming an important fulcrum for economies to activate their development potential. The profound changes in tourist demand will inevitably drive the restructuring of the competitive landscape in the cultural tourism industry. Whether a destination can establish a unique position of meaning in the minds of tourists has become the core key to seizing market opportunities. As the cultural tourism industry continues to iterate, the trends of change in destination marketing across the four dimensions of consumption, communication, greening, and technology are becoming increasingly distinct.

First, consumption upgrading, with health and in-depth experiences driving demand. Modern cultural tourism consumption is continuously upgrading, completely moving away from the superficial sightseeing and check-in model toward immersive, personalized local experiences. Health tourism has transcended the traditional scope of spas, extending to dimensions such as longevity and wellness, and mental health. At the same time, the concept of "JOMO" (Joy of Missing Out) is quietly emerging, with more and more tourists actively avoiding crowds in pursuit of niche and in-depth experiences. Film and television location tourism continues to heat up, and "traveling along with the movies" has become a powerful medium for cross-cultural communication.

Second, video is king, with short videos reshaping the communication ecosystem. Social media is an important battleground for destination marketing organizations to reach tourists. Statistics show that nearly 90% of organizations use it as a core marketing tool. Among these, the rise of short videos has been particularly rapid. Destination-related hashtags on platforms such as TikTok have become a bellwether for many young people's travel decisions. User-generated content, relying on authentic travel scenarios, can weaken the sense of commercial marketing and improve the efficiency of destination traffic conversion.

Third, green transformation, with sustainable development becoming a hard constraint. Research by the United Nations World Tourism Organization shows that 83% of tourists consider "sustainable management" an important factor in destination choice, and 43% are willing to pay a premium for greener, low-carbon travel. This means that sustainable development is changing from a "bonus item" to a "mandatory item" in cultural tourism marketing. Destinations that deeply integrate green concepts such as ecological protection certification, community co-construction and sharing, and carbon neutrality practices into their brand narrative and overall operations will better align with the value demands of tourists in the new era.

Fourth, technology empowerment, with artificial intelligence reshaping marketing logic. The application of artificial intelligence in destination marketing is extending from content generation to data analysis and decision-making, but the penetration rate of the latter remains significantly low. In fact, AI can achieve precise targeting from "people seeking information" to "information finding people" through in-depth mining of massive tourist data, providing a solid basis for scientific marketing decisions. In the future, how to combine generative AI with predictive analysis is a key challenge for destination marketing organizations to enhance their competitiveness.

High-quality destination marketing not only satisfies tourists' pursuit of humanistic meaning but also serves as an important engine for regional consumption stimulation, employment expansion, and industrial upgrading. In terms of direct effects, it can quickly activate visitor flow and drive core consumption. The British Tourist Authority transformed film and television locations into bookable travel itineraries, generating an additional £217 million in consumption in just six months; China's Jiangsu Province, through 272 key sports events in 2025, cumulatively drove 7.153 million person-trips of visitor flow, directly stimulating 5.44 billion yuan in consumption. In terms of indirect effects, the prosperity of the tourism industry will drive infrastructure improvement and the development of cultural and creative industries, forming a virtuous cycle of "promoting brands through marketing, attracting investment through brands, and strengthening industries through investment." From a broader perspective, destination marketing is also an important means of shaping national or city soft power. It can not only attract international tourists and increase foreign exchange earnings but also construct a positive international narrative on a global scale, creating a favorable environment for economic and trade cooperation, commodity circulation, and people-to-people exchanges.

In summary, on a global scale, destination marketing is undergoing a profound transformation: from one-way communication to two-way interaction, from showcasing landscapes to co-creating value, and from "having scenery" to "having warmth." The practices of many places show that only by combining technological innovation with humanistic care, unifying commercial goals with sustainable development, and integrating a global perspective with local characteristics can a tourist destination stand out in the fierce international market and transform from a "coordinate on the map" into a "longing in people's hearts."

(The author is the Dean of the School of Exhibition and Communication, Shanghai University of International Business and Economics)

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Brazil Steps Up Efforts to Attract Foreign Investment

By: 本报记者 时元皓

Data recently released by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development shows that Brazil attracted approximately USD 77 billion in foreign direct investment in 2025, an increase of 22% over the previous year, making it the world's third-largest destination for foreign direct investment. In recent years, Brazil's ranking in the scale of foreign investment attracted has shown an upward trend, reflecting the growing interest of global investors in the Brazilian market.

Brazilian Vice President Geraldo Alckmin stated that the "New Brazil Industry" (Nova Indústria Brasil) plan and tax reform provide investors with certainty and institutional guarantees, and are important factors in promoting the continuous injection of international productive capital into Brazil. The professional media outlet "Brazil Economy" (Brasil Econômico) analyzed that, with global energy security currently receiving significant attention, Brazil's abundant oil reserves and its electricity structure dominated by renewable energy are helping the country integrate more broadly into global value chains related to energy transition and economic decarbonization. At the same time, foreign capital is continuously expanding its investments in Brazil's manufacturing, financial services, information technology, and other sectors.

In recent years, Brazil has actively expanded investment partnerships and promoted the diversification of investment sources. According to data from the Ministry of Development, Industry, Trade and Services (MDIC), between 2014 and 2023, the stock of foreign direct investment from BRICS countries in Brazil grew by 13.9%, indicating significant potential for growth in related investments. The Brazilian Trade and Investment Promotion Agency (ApexBrasil) collaborates with multiple departments to strengthen connections with the global market. In over 20 high-level business visits since 2023, it has facilitated investments of approximately BRL 250 billion (1 yuan is equivalent to approximately 0.76 reais) in Brazil. ApexBrasil is actively establishing overseas offices to intensify efforts to attract investment. The agency also launched the "Invest More States" (Invest+ Brasil) plan in April last year, aiming to help states with less foreign investment attract more capital and coordinate regional development.

Since the launch of the "New Brazil Industry" plan in 2024, Brazil has promoted the accelerated transformation of industrial manufacturing towards green and digital development by attracting foreign investment and other means. For example, the "Ecological Investment Plan" (Plano de Investimento Ecológico), launched by Brazil in 2024, aims to attract at least 60% of foreign investment for sustainable development projects. To date, the plan has advanced through four rounds of financing, raising a total of over BRL 140 billion, primarily used for energy transition, the bioeconomy, the circular economy, and green and climate-adaptive infrastructure. The plan also introduces financial instruments to hedge against exchange rate risks and ensures the predictability of long-term investments through mechanisms such as government participation in blended finance.

In March of this year, the Brazilian government launched a one-stop investment portal, a website aggregating all services, investment opportunities, and guidance information, designed to provide one-stop services. The Brazilian government stated that it is firmly committed to reducing costs, shortening approval times, and simplifying cumbersome bureaucratic procedures to lighten the investment burden. In the digital industry sector, Brazil is making every effort to attract foreign technology companies to establish data centers in the country by establishing a special tax regime that exempts the import tax and industrial products tax on certain equipment needed for data center construction.

Brazil is an important investment destination for China. According to the latest report from the Brazil-China Business Council (CEBC), China's total investment in Brazil last year reached USD 6.1 billion, an increase of 45% over the previous year, covering 52 projects involving energy, minerals, information technology, the digital economy, automobiles, and other fields. The report states that China's investment in Brazil is showing characteristics of greater diversification and wider geographical dispersion, becoming increasingly closely linked to Brazil's important agendas such as energy transition, reindustrialization, and innovation. At the end of last year, ByteDance announced the establishment of a large data center in northeastern Brazil. Tulio Cariello, Director of Content and Research at the CEBC, stated that the economic, trade, and investment complementarity between Brazil and China is strong, with highly aligned demands. Brazil welcomes China to continuously expand its investment in Brazil in areas such as clean energy, technological innovation, the digital economy, manufacturing, and critical minerals.

(People's Daily, Rio de Janeiro, June 30)

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Global Scan

Overseas Chinese in Venezuela Donate Nearly 1,700 Tons of Disaster Relief Supplies

According to Xinhua News Agency, Caracas, June 29 (Reporters Tian Rui and Zhai Shurui) — As of 14:00 local time on June 29, according to incomplete statistics, overseas Chinese associations including the National Federation of Overseas Chinese in Venezuela have organized overseas Chinese in Venezuela to donate nearly 1,700 tons of disaster relief supplies, providing assistance to tens of thousands of affected Venezuelan families.

According to official Venezuelan sources on June 29, the death toll from the strong earthquake that struck Venezuela on June 24 has risen to 1,719.

Market Service Agency: Shipping Activity in the Strait of Hormuz Continues to Recover

According to Xinhua News Agency, Tehran, June 30 — Data from the market service agency Kepler, headquartered in Brussels, Belgium, shows that 24 oil tankers and cargo ships passed through the Strait of Hormuz on June 29, indicating the continued recovery of shipping activity in this globally important energy transport waterway.

Bloomberg, citing Kepler data, reported that 24 vessels, including crude oil carriers and liquefied natural gas carriers, passed through the Strait of Hormuz that day. Data also shows that shipping activity in the strait further increased on June 30, with one very large crude carrier and several smaller vessels entering the Persian Gulf, reflecting a rebound in shipping market confidence regarding navigational conditions in the region.

Final Tally Results Show: Keiko Fujimori Wins Peru's Presidential Election

According to Xinhua News Agency, Lima, June 29 (Reporters Liao Siwei and Wang Zhiying) — The final tally results released by Peru's National Office of Electoral Processes on June 29 show that right-wing party Popular Force candidate Keiko Fujimori has won the presidential election.

The final tally results show that Keiko Fujimori won with 50.135% of the vote, defeating left-wing party "Together for Peru" candidate Roberto Sánchez, who received 49.865% of the vote. Subsequently, Keiko Fujimori posted on social media, stating she is awaiting the official announcement of the results by the National Election Commission.

Keiko Fujimori, aged 51, is the daughter of former Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori. She advocates for continuing a pro-market, investment-focused approach and adopting tougher measures to combat crime. Sánchez, aged 57, emphasizes adjusting the development model and strengthening the role of the state in economic matters, while on public security, he advocates addressing crime through national governance and social policies.

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South Korea Sees Rise of 'Micro-Consumption' Model

By: 本报记者 莽九晨 汪思源

Park Ji-woo, a young single person living alone in Seoul, South Korea, now prefers to buy "single-serving" fruits and vegetables at the supermarket, saying, "This way, I can eat more variety and it's also fresh." In recent times, influenced by multiple factors such as a sharp increase in the single-person household population, high inflation, and changing consumption attitudes, a "micro-consumption" model characterized by simplicity, small amounts, and high frequency has rapidly emerged in South Korea.

South Korea's *Maeil Business Newspaper* reported that the increase in single-person households in South Korea is driving an update in consumption patterns, with this group tending to buy affordable goods in small quantities and more frequently. Statistics from Statistics Korea (韩国国家数据处) show that in 2024, South Korea had 8.045 million single-person households, exceeding 8 million for the first time, accounting for a record high of 36.1% of all households. Yonhap News Agency (韩联社) believes that because fixed expenses such as housing account for a relatively high proportion of income, single-person households place greater emphasis on controlling spending per transaction on other consumption items.

Rapid price increases have also driven the rise of the "micro-consumption" model in South Korea. Data recently released by Statistics Korea showed that South Korea's Consumer Price Index (CPI) rose 3.1% year-on-year in May, the largest increase since March 2024. A report released by the Korea Rural Economic Institute (韩国农村经济研究院) in March this year showed that in 2025, the proportion of South Korean consumers who consider price the primary criterion when purchasing processed foods reached 23.2%. Data from the Korea Agro-Fisheries & Food Trade Corporation (韩国农水产食品流通公社) shows that the average retail price of 20-kilogram bags of rice has exceeded 60,000 won (approximately 228 won to 1 yuan) for eight consecutive months; the price of pork belly reached 2,811 won per 100 grams, an increase of nearly 13% year-on-year.

The rise of the "micro-consumption" model is also related to a shift in the consumption views of South Korea's Generation Z (born between 1995 and 2009). Young South Koreans are more cautious when consuming, investing more time and effort in understanding the value for money of purchases. The *JoongAng Ilbo* (韩国中央日报) reported that against the backdrop of South Korea's slowing economic growth, Generation Z's frequent patronage of convenience stores or small commodity chain stores reflects their preference for goods that exert less budget pressure while still providing a sense of novelty and satisfaction.

To adapt to the "micro-consumption" trend, various South Korean businesses have launched "single-serving" products. The *JoongAng Ilbo* reported that small cup-sized shaved ice previously launched by South Korean coffee shops became very popular, with the price of the small cup-sized shaved ice being less than half that of a normal portion. Recently, several South Korean convenience stores have also launched small, ready-to-eat cup foods. For example, refrigerated cup rice sold by a certain convenience store chain for 3,000 to 5,000 won, and small ready-to-eat cup soups sold for 1,500 won, have all been well received by consumers, with sales in the first four months of this year increasing by 33.8% and 167.4% year-on-year, respectively. Lee Eun-hee (李恩熙), Professor Emeritus of Consumer Science at Inha University (韩国仁荷大学), believes that the "micro-consumption" trend in South Korean society may spread further, and companies that can respond quickly to these changes will gain a competitive advantage.

(Our newspaper, Seoul, June 30)

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Zou Zhipeng, Zhang Huizhong, Chu Jun

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In the AI Era, Design Must Evolve from 'Drawing Blueprints' to 'Building Systems' (Reflections)

By: 邢 雷

The continuous innovation and breakthroughs of China's new energy vehicle independent brands have become a highlight of attention. Solid-state batteries, full-domain AI (artificial intelligence) assisted driving, end-to-end intelligent cockpits... Behind each key technology lies an easily overlooked yet crucial common support — design. From the system layout of the battery pack to the information architecture of the human-machine interaction interface, from vehicle body aerodynamic optimization to the human-centered considerations of cockpit space, design is no longer as simple as "drawing a good-looking blueprint," but rather a systematic project that coordinates technology, materials, experience, safety, and even the carbon emissions of the full lifecycle.

In April this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping issued important instructions on the development of the service industry, emphasizing the need to "highlight demand-driven growth, reform to tackle tough problems, technological empowerment, and open cooperation." The Opinions on Promoting Capacity Expansion and Quality Improvement of the Service Industry issued by the State Council explicitly states: cultivate leading enterprises in industrial design, and raise the level of professionalism and internationalization. Today, as artificial intelligence technology profoundly reshapes various industries, design, as an important part of the service industry, is accelerating its transformation from traditional aesthetic and creative functions toward a systematic solution encompassing technology, economy, society, and ecology. During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, it is necessary to push the design service industry to extend toward specialization and the high end of the value chain, empowering high-quality development with innovative design.

Currently, a prominent contradiction in China's design field is: AI tools are becoming increasingly "smart," but system integration capabilities have not kept pace. Many enterprises' industrial design remains at the shallow level of "designing for appearance," lacking the awareness to incorporate multiple dimensions such as technology, economy, society, and ecology into system solutions. Huawei's foldable-screen mobile phones have gained a firm foothold in the high-end market thanks to leading industrial design; the domestic large aircraft's fluid simulation, with the help of AI platforms, has shortened simulation time to 1/20 to 1/30 of the original — these cases show that true innovative design is not "drawing blueprints," but "building systems." The design industry must accelerate its transformation from "form design" to "system design," coordinating elements such as materials, energy, information, manufacturing, and space, to provide full-chain solutions for strategic emerging industries.

AI technology is profoundly changing the creative mode of design. In the conceptual design stage, generative AI can quickly output multiple options; in the prototype validation phase, AI simulation can identify structural defects in advance; in remote collaboration scenarios, human-machine dialogue becomes the normal mode of creation. Data from China's first batch of 15 pioneering-level smart factories show that production efficiency has increased by an average of 29%, and product defect rate has decreased by 47%. Sany Group has established multiple world-class lighthouse factories globally, verifying the feasibility of large-scale replication of "AI+design." It must be recognized that AI is not a substitute for designers, but a powerful collaborative partner. The essence of human-machine collaboration lies in: AI is responsible for "computing," designers are responsible for "thinking"; AI is responsible for "speed," designers are responsible for "quality." China has built 42 ten-thousand-card intelligent computing clusters, with intelligent computing power scale ranking among the top in the world, and the application penetration rate of AI technology in above-scale manufacturing enterprises exceeds 30%, providing a solid foundation for the intelligent transformation of the design industry.

Promoting innovative design hinges on people. Currently, the training of design talents faces a prominent contradiction: the "disconnect between what universities teach, what enterprises use, and what the era demands." Many university design courses still focus on traditional form training, with insufficient teaching of AI tools and interdisciplinary knowledge; while the supply of versatile design talents urgently needed by enterprises — those who "understand technology, can collaborate, and have ethics" — falls far short of demand. Solving this contradiction requires multi-party efforts. At the basic education stage, design thinking should be incorporated into the comprehensive practical activity courses of primary and secondary schools, cultivating problem awareness and integration ability from adolescence. At the higher education stage, universities should be encouraged to offer cross-disciplinary courses such as "Design + AI" and "Design + Materials Science," promoting the extension of new engineering (新工科) and new liberal arts (新文科) construction to design disciplines. At the career development level, the pace of cultivating versatile talents should be accelerated, and new professions for innovative design talents such as service design engineers and green design engineers with AI application capabilities should be supported.

Currently, the deep integration of artificial intelligence and design is opening up unprecedented development space. Design industry workers must seize the AI opportunity, respond to industrial transformation with system integration, guard the warmth of technology with humanistic care, promote sustainable development with green concepts, and carry out design where industry needs it and into the hearts of the people, contributing to promoting high-quality development and serving the construction of Chinese-style modernization.

(The author is the Chairman of the Beijing Guanghua Design Development Foundation.)

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Use the "Key" of Industrial Design to Unlock New Blue Oceans in Manufacturing (Industry Perspective · Promoting High-Quality Development of Producer Services)

By: 本报记者 李 蕊

Industrial design, a word that sounds quite professional, what relationship does it have with our daily lives? In Qingdao, Shandong, the answer becomes concrete and vivid —

Refrigerator door handles are no longer cold metal, but a warm touch with a fabric texture; the range hood quietly hides into the suspended ceiling when idle, and slowly descends like a stage when cooking; facing a fire, the seemingly ordinary waist bag on a firefighter's belt can transform in seconds into an escape system integrating functions such as descending and traversing…

In Qingdao, industrial design has become the "second core technology" driving the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, and its innovative experience, as the only case from the province, was selected by the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) for the "Typical Cases in the High-Quality Development of Modern Service Industry" (《现代服务业高质量发展典型案例》).

What does industrial design do? How does it play the role of "四两拨千斤 (sì liǎng bō qiān jīn - "four ounces moves a thousand catties," minimal force yields maximal effect)" in manufacturing? What lessons can Qingdao's exploration provide for other cities? A reporter recently conducted an in-depth investigation to find out.

What exactly does industrial design do?

Faced with this question, Pan Ping (潘萍), Director of the Industrial Policy Division of the Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology (青岛市工业和信息化局), told a vivid story —

In the summer of 2023, a netizen left a message on Haier Group's online platform, telling of the trouble of washing underwear and socks together, and casually attached a hand-drawn sketch: "Can you make a washing machine that washes separately?"

Soon, Haier designers came up with a prototype drawing and displayed it publicly. Within 3 months, tens of thousands of suggestions poured in, from zoning plans to functional details. Users participated throughout and gave their opinions. After this "lazy person washing machine" (懒人洗衣机) went on the market, the number of reservations reached 88,000 units in 7 days.

This story is a true reflection of modern industrial design.

"In the past, industrial design was often seen as 'dressing up' and 'styling' products, with designers only getting involved in the final stage of R&D to package the already finalized technology and functions to look better," Pan Ping said. "But today, industrial design is no longer the 'embellishment' at the tail end of product R&D, but a whole-chain innovation that starts from the subtle pain points of users, reversely defines product functions, forces technological innovation, and reshapes product form."

This statement captures the profound transformation in the role of industrial design in recent years.

"First, the starting point has changed. Previously, technology came first, then users were found. Now, user pain points are listened to first, then the product is defined. Second, the scope has changed. Previously, we only worked on individual home appliances. Now, we must consider the experience of the entire home space. Third, the goal has changed. Previously, we pursued selling well. Now, we must also consider social values such as user health, emotion, and environmental protection." Wu Jian (吴剑), Vice President of Haier Smart Home and General Manager of Haier Innovation Design Center, said, "To summarize in one sentence, it has completely changed from 'I provide what I have' to 'We create what the users need'."

This role leap is also confirmed in Hisense's innovation system.

"Before Hisense established a professional industrial design team, industrial design was also seen as a supporting capability for 'dressing up technology and products'," recalled Wang Difei (王涤非), General Manager of Hisense Industrial Design Center. "But now, the strategic guiding role of industrial design is becoming increasingly significant. The design team has transformed from an initial 'supporting role' to a 'leading role', deeply involved in product line planning and decision-making. What they output is not only products, but also innovation directions and brand style roadmaps."

Why is there this change?

From the perspective of market logic, industrial design itself is a means of differentiated competition.

"Previously, 'production capacity was king', and product homogeneity was severe; but if it is still 'a thousand products, one face' today, consumers may suffer from aesthetic fatigue," Pan Ping explained. "Because consumer demand is upgrading, people are more in pursuit of comfortable experience, matching aesthetics, and emotional fit, forcing companies to jump out of traditional production thinking, rely on industrial design to tap new product value and open up new market space. Only when you have something refreshing will consumers be willing to pay for it."

Looking at a deeper level, this is an inevitable requirement for the transformation from "Made in China" to "Created in China".

"In the past, the manufacturing industry was locked into the mid-to-low end of the industrial chain for a long time. Industrial design can not only solve the industry pain points of 'strong technology, weak experience, low premium', but also promote the upgrade of products from single-function carriers to comprehensive experience carriers integrating technology, aesthetics, humanity, and greenness," Pan Ping said. It is precisely for this reason that industrial design is shedding its identity as a 'decorative supporting role' and becoming the second core technology for improving manufacturing quality and efficiency, climbing to the high end of the value chain, playing an empowering role that 四两拨千斤.

Conceptual transformation is the prerequisite, but implementation and tangible results are the key.

In the laboratory of Qingdao Hailiya Group (青岛海丽雅集团), a seemingly ordinary firefighter waist bag is undergoing strict testing: the rope does not melt or carbonize under the high temperature of 204 degrees Celsius, and the breaking strength of the descender reaches 22 kilonewtons, far exceeding the national standard. But what front-line firefighters praise more is its actual combat performance. Facing a fire, it can complete equipment switching within seconds, which is 10 to 15 seconds faster than traditional waist bags.

"In the past, firefighter waist bags had single functions, requiring several sets of gear for escape and rescue, which was heavy and slow," Hailiya technicians introduced. The design team, starting from the firefighter's actual combat scenario, integrated functions such as descending, traversing, and lifting into one waist bag. The rope length increased by 25%, while the total weight decreased by 23% and the volume was reduced by 17%.

The "integrated innovation" of a waist bag is a microcosm of a city's "systematic efforts" —

Qingdao is an important industrial design cluster in northern China, possessing all 31 major manufacturing categories, 4 national advanced manufacturing clusters, 2 national manufacturing innovation centers, and 6 national new-type industrialization industry demonstration bases. The scale of its characteristic advantageous industrial chains, such as smart home appliances and rail transit equipment, exceeds 100 billion yuan, providing a wealth of application scenarios for industrial design.

It is by relying on this fertile industrial soil that Qingdao has charted a path of coordinated promotion characterized by "policy guidance, tiered cultivation, platform empowerment, and ecosystem building".

As early as 2011, Qingdao took the lead in laying out and launching brand events, holding the "Mayor's Cup" Industrial Design Competition (市长杯工业设计大赛) every two years across the city.

"We have conducted it continuously for 15 years, never stopping," Pan Ping said with emotion. After more than a decade of accumulation, Qingdao has formed a relatively mature industrial ecosystem and a strong atmosphere of innovation throughout the city.

Policy support kept pace. Qingdao introduced several policy measures and supporting implementation rules to accelerate the high-quality development of advanced manufacturing, granting a one-time reward of 1 million yuan each to newly recognized national-level industrial design centers and industrial design institutes; for manufacturing enterprises purchasing industrial design services, it provides rewards and subsidies of up to 1 million yuan based on 40% of the cost.

"Manufacturing enterprises need the confidence for innovation investment, and third-party design institutions need broad market space. The government must build a good platform and provide good support," Pan Ping stated the original intention of the policy design. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the city has cumulatively provided over 40 million yuan in support funds to 29 enterprises.

Good design creativity needs platform empowerment to achieve implementation and mass production.

Qingdao adheres to the principle of "leading enterprises build platforms, platforms drive industries," establishing a public service system that is complementary, collaborative, and fully covering the domain. It both supports the iterative upgrading of leading enterprises and precisely assists small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in solving the dilemma of "lacking creativity, lacking technology, lacking teams" —

The Qingdao Lunyun Design and Research Institute (青岛轮云设计研究院), spun off from Doublestar Group, focuses on the design and development of bio-based, green, and low-carbon tires, serving and driving over 20 upstream and downstream enterprises; the Haier Innovation Design Center has built a national-level public service demonstration platform for small and medium-sized enterprises, with a design solution conversion rate exceeding 90%; Hisense has spun off its design division into the "Lixin" company (理信), outputting design capabilities externally while serving the group.

"Leading enterprises jump out of the internal cycle of 'serving only their own products', open up their mature design experience to the outside world, and empower small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises for free or at low cost. This will effectively drive the city's manufacturing industry to accelerate its transformation towards original design and independent brands," Pan Ping said.

Currently, Qingdao has established a "national-provincial-municipal" three-tier industrial design center cultivation mechanism, having cumulatively cultivated 10 national-level, 55 provincial-level, and 227 municipal-level industrial design centers, with a tiered cultivation system gradually taking shape.

Empowering Manufacturing Transformation and Upgrading, "Made in Qingdao" (青岛造) Going to Global Shelves

Conceptual transformation solves the problem, systematic approaches are implemented, but ultimately it comes down to value — can industrial design really bring "real money and solid silver" (真金白银, tangible economic benefits)?

After the "lazy person washing machine" went on the market, the story did not stop. The "lazy person" concept was then quickly introduced into multiple categories such as refrigerators and air conditioners, evolving from a single product into a series, a family. Currently, the domestic sales of related products have exceeded 450,000 units. At the same time, relying on globally adapted design, they have gone abroad, being sold to European countries such as Italy and France.

Hisense's "Roman Holiday" (罗马假日) series of washing machines took a different path. The design team deeply studied contemporary home aesthetic trends, targeted female user demands, boldly adopted retro styles and artistic expression techniques, and created a high-aesthetic washing machine "that doesn't look like a washing machine," leveraging differentiated aesthetics to capture market attention. Just 3 months after launch, its sales exceeded the annual expectation.

In 2025, the revenue of Qingdao's industrial design industry above designated size grew by 22.1% year-on-year, and total profit grew by 102.2% year-on-year; the operating profit margin of industrial enterprises above designated size was 5.4%.

Haier became the only enterprise in China to win the Gold Award of the China Excellent Industrial Design Award (中国优秀工业设计奖) from the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) for three consecutive years, and Hisense TV sales firmly rank first in China and second globally.

What insights does Qingdao's experience offer?

"The source of innovation is always the user, and the essence of globalization is localization. We must use adaptive design to overcome regional differences and deeply cultivate local markets with full-chain services to continuously consolidate global brand competitiveness," said Zhou Yunjie, Chairman of the Board of Haier Group.

"Industrial design studies the relationship between 'people and things', focusing on usage scenarios and user experience. Don't 闭门造车 (bì mén zào chē - "build a cart behind closed doors," engage in unrealistic or impractical work); see the real people," Wang Difei said.

"In my view, three 'persistences' must be achieved — persist in 'long-termism', deeply cultivate the ecology through competition guidance; persist in 'leading enterprise drive', empower small and medium enterprises through platform sharing; persist in 'global vision, local cultivation', allowing Chinese original design to truly take root in the global market," Pan Ping summarized. "Industrial design is the key 'key' to unlocking the blue ocean of manufacturing value. Push open this door, and before your eyes lies a brand-new picture of 'Created in China'."

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Handan: The Millennia-Old Capital Logic and Merchant Spirit Behind a City Name That Has Endured for a Thousand Years (Economic Geography Miscellany)

By: 李金闯

Deep in the folds of the Taihang Mountains lie the gentle glimmers of iron ore and porcelain clay; the shimmering clear waves of the Fuyang River carry away grain, rice, and rows of porcelain rafts as they drift unhurriedly into the distance.
Handan, Hebei — this ancient capital of a thousand years, quietly standing on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, has weathered three thousand years of wind and rain without its city name ever changing. This extreme spatial constancy is not merely a marvel of toponymy, but also a metaphor for the character of Handan's merchants: steady, trustworthy, and deeply rooted in their native soil.

Geographical endowments forged the skeleton of its commercial routes. From its very inception, Handan's mercantile pulse was embedded in the natural geographical pattern where mountains and rivers converge.
To the west, it leans against the towering Taihang Mountains, where iron ore, coal, and the high-quality porcelain clay of Pengcheng (彭城) spread out in layers along the mountain contours, rich in reserves; to the east, it connects to the vast North China Plain, where grain, cotton, mulberry, and hemp thrive in the fertile fields, yielding abundant products. This naturally formed a complete industrial loop of "agriculture and commerce linked, industry and trade coexisting." The Fuyang River, which flows through the city, was historically an important inland waterway: flowing south into the Yellow River, it could reach the hinterland of Shandong directly; flowing north, it connected to Jizhou (蓟州) and could link to regions beyond the passes. Overland, it was a key pass of the Eight Passages of the Taihang Mountains (太行八陉), connecting west to the coal and iron products of Shanxi, north to the furs and livestock of the Mongolian Plateau, while grain, tea, and silk from the Central Plains and the South also converged and transshipped here.
This dense network of water and land transportation made Handan a major metropolis in the north during the Qin and Han dynasties, and it also allowed Handan's merchants to cultivate early on a vision that could connect north and south and embrace diverse influences.

During the Warring States period, it was one of the important iron-smelting centers: the sharp and sturdy Zhao swords, the strong and durable iron plows, flowed steadily from Handan to the Central Plains and beyond the Great Wall. After the Song and Yuan dynasties, the simple, rustic black-and-white glazed porcelain of Cizhou Kiln (磁州窑) drifted along the waters of the Fuyang River to all corners of the country. By the Ming and Qing dynasties, the cotton cloth produced in Handan and the medicinal herbs from Wu'an (武安) followed mighty merchant caravans along ancient trade routes: south to Jiangnan, west through the West Pass, and east to venture into Manchuria. Relying on a business structure of "southern silk, northern medicine," they firmly etched the nameplate of the "Wu'an Merchant Guild" (武安商帮) into the historical fabric of China's inland commerce.
Through deep exploration and development of local products and the ultimate utilization of outward-facing channels, Handan remained an irreplaceable commercial node in North China for millennia.

Cultural roots shaped its commercial genes. The fundamental character of Handan's merchants lies hidden in the city's chengyu (four-character idioms).
"One word carries the weight of nine tripods" (一言九鼎), "Returning the jade intact to Zhao" (完璧归赵)… These allusions, born right here, have long been fused into the very bones of the local people, becoming the code of conduct for doing business. Handan merchants value trustworthiness and righteousness more than profit: Wu'an merchants traveled far and wide selling medicine, winning the trust of the people with a promise of "pay ten times the price for a fake," making "Wu'an medicinal herbs" a golden brand during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Craftsmen of Cizhou Kiln would carve the family precepts of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trust" (仁义礼智信) onto porcelain pillows; wherever merchants sold the porcelain, they spread the reputation of keeping promises and valuing commitments.

History evolves, but the fundamental character remains unchanged. From the iron-smelting magnates of the Warring States period, to the Wu'an Merchant Guild of the Ming and Qing dynasties, and on to modern enterprises today, the story of commerce continues. Yet the spiritual foundation of Handan's merchants has never changed: they still rely on local advantageous resources like steel, new materials, and cultural tourism to expand their markets; they still navigate the world relying on the golden brand of valuing righteousness and keeping promises. They retain the steady, pragmatic nature of their native soil, while not lacking the innovative courage to dare to try and dare to venture.

Relying on resources without being bound by them, rooted in the native soil yet daring to explore unknown frontiers. Today in Handan, industry is turning towards the new, the tertiary sector is expanding, and linkages are breaking through boundaries — the old tree is sprouting new buds. The traditional steel industry's focus has shifted towards high-end sheet metal and green production, achieving a transformation from extensive smelting to intelligent innovation. The equipment manufacturing industry has become the core engine of industrial growth, with new products like hydrogen energy equipment, wind turbine generators, and lithium batteries achieving a leap from nothing to something, and from something to excellence…

From deeply cultivating the local area to marketing nationwide, from a major iron-smelting town to today's regional commercial center, the city of Handan and the merchants born and raised here have always coexisted and prospered together with the land beneath their feet. The city name unchanged for three thousand years is their unchanging spiritual coordinate; the character of valuing righteousness and keeping promises is their most solid commercial confidence. This power of constancy, traversing long cycles, is the most precious heirloom of Handan and the merchants of Hebei.

(The author is an Associate Researcher at the School of History, Hebei University. Reported and compiled by本报记者邵玉姿 [Shao Yuzi, a reporter for this newspaper].)

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Wang Yunshan

Layout design: Wang Zeping (汪哲平)

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Yunnan Baiyao drives high-quality business growth through high-quality Party building

Created in 1902, Yunnan Baiyao (云南白药) has weathered more than 120 years of storms and is now advancing on the path of high-quality development with a new posture. In recent years, Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd. (云南白药集团股份有限公司) has consistently adhered to the "two unswerving principles" (两个一以贯之), upheld the Party's overall leadership, and systematically advanced Party-building work, closely integrating the general requirements of Party building in the new era with the development realities of the century-old national brand. The Group's Party Committee has continuously driven the organic integration of Party leadership into the entire process of corporate governance, deeply embedded it into the enterprise's strategic layout, and fully penetrated it into every link of production and operation, achieving deep integration, aligned goals, synchronized actions, and coordinated development between Party building and enterprise development. In 2025, the Group achieved operating revenue of 41.187 billion yuan and net profit attributable to the parent company of 5.153 billion yuan, both reaching historic highs, and achieving "acceleration" in high-quality development.

Rooted in the Yunnan Plateau, Shouldering the Mission; Party Building Leads, Strengthening the Foundation

Since the new era, the Party Committee of Yunnan Baiyao Group has carried forward its glorious traditions, continued the red genes, and fully exercised its leadership role of "steering the direction, managing the overall situation, and ensuring implementation" (把方向、管大局、保落实), deeply integrating Party building into the entire process of the Group's strategy formulation. Facing the complex and changing external environment and industry adjustment pressures, Yunnan Baiyao has maintained strategic focus, promoted the steady implementation of the "2+3" two-step strategy, stabilized the basic base of its core business, and quickly entered high-potential, high-value tracks. On this basis, closely following the deployment of the 15th Five-Year Plan (十五五) outline, it iteratively upgraded and proposed the new "3+2" strategy, clearly aiming to achieve "dual-wheel drive" with Chinese medicine and innovative drugs, striving to push the century-old Baiyao from "good" to "excellent," and build a domestically leading, world-class, hundred-billion-scale modern pharmaceutical industry group.

To ensure that the new "3+2" strategy is implemented without deviation or failure, the Group Party Committee has established a specific responsibility implementation system, formulating at each level "task lists, responsibility lists, and assessment lists" for Party-building work, decomposing strategic objectives into quantifiable and assessable specific indicators, forming a "list-based" management work pattern, thereby making the responsibility for governing the Party and managing the Party more solid and the strategic guiding role more prominent. From patriotic dedication in the revolutionary era to 守正创新 (shǒu zhèng chuàng xīn - "uphold integrity and innovate," maintaining correct principles while pursuing innovation) in the new era, Yunnan Baiyao has always been rooted in the Yunnan Plateau, continuously opening up new development prospects while inheriting the red genes.

Improving Quality and Empowering, Adding Vitality; Diversified Development, Increasing Momentum

When Party building is done solidly, it becomes productivity. The Party Committee of Yunnan Baiyao Group insists on one special action per year. In 2025, it implemented the "Strengthen Foundation, Consolidate Base, Improve Quality" action, and in 2026, it deepened the "Improve Quality and Empower" action, focusing on building Party-building brands and demonstration Party organization clusters, leading grassroots Party organizations to make comprehensive progress. The Group fully covered the implementation of "lead, tackle, and innovate" (领办、攻坚、创新) projects, promoting high-quality business development.

In the pharmaceutical segment, the Group Party Secretary "announced the list and took command" (揭榜挂帅, jiē bǎng guà shuài - "announce the list and appoint the commander," a mechanism for selecting leaders to tackle key tasks) to lead the cultivation of major single products. In 2025, the pharmaceutical segment achieved operating revenue of 8.318 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 12.53%, successfully cultivating 10 single products at the hundred-million-yuan level, of which 2 single products exceeded 1 billion yuan in sales. Yunnan Baiyao's advantageous position in the muscle, bone, and pain management market was further strengthened, with total sales revenue from the core series of products exceeding 5.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of over 18%. At the same time, Yunnan Baiyao also achieved rapid growth in areas such as plant tonics, digestive system, respiratory system, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular fields. In the first quarter of 2026, core products continued to lead, major single products grew steadily, and one single product achieved double-digit growth, building a "ballast stone" for stable growth.

In the health products segment, the Business Group Party Committee integrated the strength of Party members and built Party branches directly on projects, helping Yunnan Baiyao's smart factory be selected as a "Lighthouse Factory" by the World Economic Forum. In 2025, the health products segment achieved operating revenue of 6.745 billion yuan, with the core product Yunnan Baiyao toothpaste ranking among the top market shares in all domestic channels. At the same time, Yunnan Baiyao actively expanded new product tracks, achieving rapid growth on functional tracks and orderly improvement in segmented functional tracks such as children's products. In the first quarter of 2026, shipments of gum care anti-sensitivity toothpaste increased significantly year-on-year, and shipments of Yangyuanqing washing and care products through e-commerce channels increased notably, activating a new "power source" for growth.

In the Chinese medicine resources segment, Yunnan Baiyao, as a "chain leader enterprise," formed a "Party member vanguard team" and built Party branches directly on the industry chain, jointly promoting the implementation of standardized planting. Currently, the Group has built 8 origin warehouses as "first workshops," with the "Digital Intelligence Cloud Medicine" (数智云药) platform's transaction volume exceeding 3.3 billion yuan, driving income growth for approximately 550,000 farming households, achieving a synergistic effect of increased government tax revenue, increased industry value, increased enterprise efficiency, and increased farmer income.

In the pharmaceutical logistics segment, the sales and distribution network of Yunnan Provincial Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (云南省医药有限公司), under the Group, covers the entire province. As the largest pharmaceutical distribution enterprise in Yunnan Province by sales scale, it practices the responsibility of state-owned enterprises with concrete actions.

Nurturing the Ecosystem, Building a Highland; Attracting Talent, Promoting Innovation

Only with a 风清气正 (fēng qīng qì zhèng - "wind clear, air upright," a clean and upright political environment) environment can one 行稳致远 (xíng wěn zhì yuǎn - "walk steady, reach far," to achieve long-term success through steady progress); only with a capable team can one innovate and strive for excellence. The Party Committee of Yunnan Baiyao Group insists on coordinating the construction of the political ecosystem and the talent team, grasping both the "hard constraints" of discipline and the "spirit and drive" of doing business and starting enterprises. Yunnan Baiyao has drawn lessons from past experience and integrated the promotion of the "dare not, cannot, and do not want to be corrupt" (不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐) system. By formulating and improving 44 systems covering Party building and discipline inspection, it has built a "5+X" institutional guarantee system and established a "grand supervision" (大监督) mechanism, promoting the transformation of supervision from "having form" to "being effective." The construction of "Clean Baiyao" (清廉白药) has been advanced in depth, creating a clean and upright environment for the enterprise's high-quality development.

Nourished by a clean and upright corporate culture, Yunnan Baiyao adheres to the organic integration of the principles that "the Party manages cadres" and "the Party manages talent" with market-oriented employment mechanisms, establishing systems, setting directions, and building a vibrant talent echelon. The Group has laid out five major R&D centers in Kunming, Yunnan; Beijing; Shanghai; and other places, along with more than ten national- and provincial-level scientific research platforms, forming a cross-regional R&D system covering areas such as Chinese medicine, biologics, and medical devices. Through internal selection of 23 people and external recruitment of 14 people, and carrying out the "three ones" skills improvement action (三个一), the overall performance capability of the cadre team has been significantly enhanced. In terms of talent incentive mechanisms, the Group has pushed for compensation incentives to tilt toward businesses and teams that create incremental value, truly achieving value co-creation and results sharing, providing strong organizational guarantees and talent support for the enterprise's high-quality development.

Forging ahead in the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, Yunnan Baiyao is persistently advancing the construction of "Clean Baiyao" with the determination of "always being on the road." The Group Party Committee has clearly insisted on "strengthening the main business, stabilizing growth, and achieving sustainability," promoting high-quality business development through high-quality Party building, adhering to the mission of inheriting and innovating Chinese medicine, and bravely assuming the responsibility of industrial upgrading.

From the performance reports showing counter-trend growth, to the bountiful harvests at planting bases, to the waving robotic arms in smart factories, Yunnan Baiyao, guided by high-quality Party building, is writing a corporate answer sheet of "inheriting the essence and upholding integrity while innovating" (传承精华、守正创新), contributing more Baiyao strength to the construction of a Healthy China and the high-quality development of Yunnan.

Data source: Yunnan Baiyao Group Co., Ltd.

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20 years of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway: A grand vision beneath the Kunlun Mountains drives Golmud's high-quality development

On July 1, 2006, the Qinghai–Tibet Railway was fully opened to traffic. A single whistle pierced the long sky, proclaiming that the high‑altitude railway with the highest elevation and the longest route in the world had officially entered operation. Golmud City, Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (海西蒙古族藏族自治州), Qinghai Province – situated at the “Gateway of the Sky Road, Hub of Qinghai–Tibet” – thereby ushered in a golden age of leapfrog development.

Two decades have passed, and the former “dry port” has been transformed into a logistics hub on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, an industrial highland, an ecological barrier, and a new city of happiness. The cadres and masses of Golmud bear in mind the entrusted instructions, take the “Four Solid Requirements” (四个扎扎实实) as their fundamental guide, inherit and carry forward the “Two Roads Spirit” (两路精神) and the Qinghai–Tibet Railway Spirit, and push forward economic transformation, ecological protection, improvement of people’s livelihood, and ethnic unity under the powerful traction of the “Sky Road.” In 2025, the city’s gross regional product reached 50.73 billion yuan, a year‑on‑year increase of 10.8%, historically breaking through the 50‑billion‑yuan mark; both total economic output and growth rate ranked first among all counties and districts in the province. This “steel dragon” is not only a major transportation artery linking the snow‑covered plateau but also has become a power line, a lifeline, a line of happiness, and a line of unity driving Golmud’s take‑off.

Foundation‑Laying of the Sky Road: Iteration of the Hub, Unblocking the Plateau’s Major Transportation Artery for Development

An insurmountable natural barrier was finally turned into a thoroughfare, profoundly reshaping the space‑time pattern. Before the Qinghai–Tibet Railway opened, all goods entering and leaving Tibet relied solely on the Qinghai–Tibet Highway; winter snow and wind blocking the passes easily caused supply disruptions. In 2006, the Golmud–Lhasa section of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway opened, fundamentally eliminating the logistics bottleneck and compressing the transport time from Golmud to Lhasa to within 15 hours. As of April 2026, the Qinghai–Tibet Railway had transported a cumulative total of over 100 million tons of goods into and out of Tibet and had carried more than 41 million passengers cumulatively.

Passenger service iteration and upgrading have enabled an all‑round leap in the quality of travel for the masses. The number of railway passengers dispatched from Golmud Station rose from 514,900 in 2006 to 1.3056 million in 2025. In July 2023, the Fuxing bullet train was officially put into operation on the Xining–Golmud section of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway, marking the entry of that section into the “bullet‑train era.” Xining, Delingha, and Golmud formed a “5‑hour city life circle.” Relying on the radiating railway network, Golmud’s status as a railway cross‑shaped hub – connecting westward to Xinjiang, southward to Tibet, eastward to Lanzhou, and northward to Dunhuang – has been continuously consolidated.

Today, Golmud has already formed a comprehensive three‑dimensional transportation network. The Golmud–Korla Railway and the Dunhuang–Golmud Railway converge here; the expressway network seamlessly links the three provinces and regions of Gansu, Xinjiang, and Tibet; civil aviation routes reach hub cities such as Chengdu and Xi’an non‑stop. The integrated “rail‑highway‑air” intermodal transport system has been fully built. This new Gobi city has firmly secured its position as the “cross‑shaped” transportation hub of the four provinces and regions of Qinghai, Gansu, Xinjiang, and Tibet.

Industry Gathering Momentum: Chain Upgrading, Building a Highland of Plateau‑Characteristic Industries

Transportation advantages reshape the industrial landscape. Relying on the large‑volume logistics support of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway, Golmud transforms resource endowments into development momentum, aligns with the deployment of the “four places” (四地) industrial construction, and builds a green, low‑carbon, distinctly characteristic modern industrial system on the plateau.

The salt‑lake industry has broken through toward refinement and high‑end development. In 2025, the total output value of enterprises above designated size in Golmud’s salt‑lake industry exceeded 34 billion yuan; the domestic market share of potash fertilizer exceeded 70%, and lithium carbonate production capacity reached 106,000 tons. The clean‑energy industry has developed at scale and in bases. By the end of 2025, the city’s total installed power capacity reached 12.1131 million kilowatts, of which new‑energy installed capacity was 11.063 million kilowatts, accounting for 91% of total installed capacity; all 11 key central power‑generation enterprises have settled here. Cultural tourism integration has improved quality and increased efficiency. Golmud successfully established itself as a provincial‑level all‑area tourism demonstration city; Qarhan Salt Lake (察尔汗盐湖) and Jiangjunlou Park (将军楼公园) were rated national 4A‑level tourist attractions. In 2025, the city received 6.0291 million tourists, an increase of 9 times compared to 2006; total tourism revenue reached 3.443 billion yuan, an increase of 31 times. The high‑plateau agricultural and livestock industry has developed under brand building. Golmud has cultivated 15 leading agricultural and livestock enterprises, and the influence of the regional public brand “Magic Qaidam” has been continuously expanding.

Today, relying on the International Land Port and the Tibet–Qinghai Industrial Park to gather development factors, Golmud’s gross regional product in 2025 was 7 times that of 2006, with an average annual growth rate of 10.8%; the corridor economy is accelerating its transformation into a hub economy.

Urban and Rural Renewal: Green Development, Painting an Ecologically Livable Picture of the Gobi

The Qinghai–Tibet Railway brings together people, goods, and capital, and Golmud has taken the opportunity to continuously expand its urban development space. In 2025, Golmud was selected as one of the seventh batch of National Civilized Cities, ranking 32nd on the list of the top 100 counties and cities in western China.

Adhering to ecological priority and green development, it fortifies the regional ecological safety barrier. Golmud has advanced sand‑control, land greening, and grassland restoration across its entire territory, completing sand‑control and desertification control on approximately 1.4313 million mu, with the grassland comprehensive vegetation coverage rising to 42.33%. It strictly implements the “three zones and three lines” (三区三线) control, and has built 21 green mines. It carries out urban renewal actions; the urban water supply, gas supply, and harmless treatment rates of sewage and garbage all exceed 98%; the rural road network reaches 1,576 kilometers. The built‑up area green coverage rate is 21.32%, and per capita park green space is 18.99 square meters.

Today, wild animals such as Tibetan antelope and Tibetan wild ass roam leisurely in Golmud, migratory birds like whooper swans arrive as expected, and resource development and ecological protection have achieved coordinated development. This new plateau city, taking green as its foundation, industry as its support, and people’s livelihood as its root, is painting a modern new picture of ecological livability and industry‑city integration on the Gobi.

Adding Warmth to Livelihood: Strong Safeguards, Brightening the Background of Happy Life on the Plateau

The Qinghai–Tibet Railway has opened up circulation channels, bringing a qualitative leap in the food, clothing, housing, and transportation of the plateau people. Fresh vegetables, fruits, and medical supplies are continuously transported to the plateau via the railway; Golmud’s specialties such as wolfberry, Mongolian sheep, and yak meat reach all parts of the country through cold‑chain logistics. The comprehensive revitalization of rural areas is advancing with vigorous steps. The “one village, one pillar” characteristic industry covers more than 30 administrative villages; during the five‑year transition period, the goals and tasks of consolidating and expanding the achievements of poverty alleviation and linking them with rural revitalization have been accomplished. Investment in livelihood safeguards has been continuously increased. In 2025, the per capita disposable income of Golmud residents reached 44,561 yuan, achieving a leapfrog increase compared with 2006. Educational resource allocation has been optimized; an education system from kindergarten to high school has been built, with education quality firmly ranking in the “first tier” of the province and prefecture. Grassroots medical services have been improved and extended downwards; the compact‑type urban medical group pilot has established a “six‑major medical resource sharing center,” and telemedicine covers all township health centers. Distinctive blocks such as Kunlun Heavenly Street and Dry Port add urban life flavor; a “15‑minute cultural circle” and a “15‑minute fitness circle” have basically taken shape.

Today, Golmud ensures that children are cared for, the young are educated, workers are rewarded, the sick are treated, the elderly are supported, residents have housing, and the vulnerable are assisted; new progress has been continuously made in the cause of people’s livelihood. What the “Sky Road” brings is not only goods and passenger flow but also a happy life that the masses can see and touch.

National Unity: Concentric Efforts, Writing a New Chapter of Long‑Term Peace and Stability on the Plateau

The Qinghai–Tibet Railway is not only an economic development line but also a line of unity for exchanges, interaction, and integration among all ethnic groups. Over the past 20 years, this steel artery has deepened the sense of community of the Chinese nation in the hearts of the people.

Multicultural integration and coexistence consolidate the foundation of national unity. Golmud deeply blends Kunlun culture, salt‑lake culture, petroleum culture, railway culture, and local folk culture. It has established the Kunlun Culture Research Institute, held forums, published monographs, and regularly organizes the Kunlun Cultural Tourism Season series of activities. It deeply explores intangible cultural heritage resources; 45 intangible cultural heritage protection items have been included in protection lists at various levels.

Today, Golmud has been honored as a national model collective for national unity and progress, and has been rated as a “National Double Support Model City” 10 times. At the foot of the Kunlun Mountains, stories of unity and endeavor unfold every day, gathering a mighty force of concentric dreams of all ethnic groups.

Party Building Leading: Strengthening the Foundation, Gathering Momentum for High‑Quality Development

The 沧桑巨变 (cāngsāng jùbiàn – “great changes of time,” profound transformation) of Golmud over the past 20 years is fundamentally attributable to upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership. Since the new era, the entire city has aligned with and implemented the “Four Solid Requirements” and the strategic deployment of “One Priority, Two Highs” (一优两高) by the Qinghai Provincial Party Committee, using red genes to build the foundation, Party‑building brands to gather strength, and strengthening the foundation to safeguard, injecting inexhaustible momentum into high‑quality development.

Carry forward red culture and continue the struggle genes. Golmud integrates the Qinghai–Tibet Railway spirit of “challenging limits, striving for excellence” into the entire process of cadre education; “the altitude is higher, the standards are higher; lacking oxygen, but not lacking spirit” has become a distinct spiritual emblem of Golmud Party cadres. Build strong grassroots organizations and expand the Party membership. The number of grassroots Party organizations in the city increased from 53 in 2006 to 447 in 2026, and the total number of Party members grew from 1,069 to 9,100. The Party branch of the Golmud Signal Workshop of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway has carried out the “Three Nones” (三无) competition for 20 years as if it were one day, guarding the safety of the “Sky Road” with a “zero‑error” standard, achieving a record of safe operation on the plateau railway.

Today, Golmud uses high‑quality Party building to lead high‑quality development, efficient grassroots governance, and high‑level ecological protection. The new Gobi city, the snowy “Sky Road,” industrial workshops, and rural communities gather a mighty force of concentric dreams.

Standing at the new starting point of the 20th anniversary of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway’s opening, Golmud will firmly grasp the provincial positioning of Qinghai as the “Three Supremes” (三个最大) and the strategic position of the “Three Even More Important” (三个更加重要), fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, integrate into and serve the new development pattern, focus on the primary task of high‑quality development, coordinate the building of an ecological civilization highland, solidly advance the construction of the “four places” for industry, continuously strengthen industries, refine the city, and solidify people’s livelihood, rely on the “Sky Road” hub advantage to strive to answer the examination paper of ecological protection and high‑quality development, and stride forward toward a prosperous, harmonious, livable, and happy modern plateau new city.

Data source: Publicity Department of the Golmud Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共格尔木市委宣传部)

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