Summary: President Xi Jinping attended the 26th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) in Bishkek, where he delivered a speech titled "Promoting High-Quality Development of the SCO." He proposed four points, emphasizing development, security, people-centered cooperation, and dialogue, while reaffirming the "Shanghai Spirit" and announcing initiatives such as an AI cooperation center and a port economy center. The meeting adopted the Bishkek Declaration and approved 28 outcome documents, with Pakistan set to take over the rotating SCO presidency for 2026-2027. Xi was accompanied by Cai Qi and Wang Yi at the event. The article does not discuss U.S.-China relations.
Summary: President Xi Jinping attended the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) "Plus" meeting in Bishkek and delivered a speech titled "Jointly Advocating an Equal and Orderly Multipolar World and Achieving More Just and Equitable Global Governance." He emphasized that the global South has grown stronger and that world multipolarity is irreversible, calling for equal and orderly multipolarity based on sovereign equality, mutual respect, rule of law, multilateralism, and inclusive development. Xi proposed three suggestions for the SCO: driving Eurasian prosperity through high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, empowering the global South through the "Shanghai Spirit," and leading global governance reform through action. The meeting was chaired by Kyrgyz President Japarov, with leaders from Russia, India, Iran, Kazakhstan, Pakistan, and others, as well as UN Secretary-General Guterres, in attendance. Cai Qi and Wang Yi accompanied Xi at the event.
Summary: Chinese President Xi Jinping arrived in Cairo on the evening of September 1 for a state visit to Egypt at the invitation of Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. He and his wife Peng Liyuan were warmly welcomed at the airport by Sisi and his wife, with a red-carpet ceremony and youth waving flags of both nations. In written remarks, Xi emphasized the millennia-old friendship between the two ancient civilizations, highlighted the leapfrog development of the China-Egypt comprehensive strategic partnership over 70 years of diplomatic ties, and stated he would exchange in-depth views with Sisi on bilateral relations, all-round cooperation, and shared international and regional issues. Xi was accompanied by senior officials Cai Qi and Wang Yi, and was greeted at the airport by Chinese Ambassador to Egypt Liao Liqiang.
Summary: President Xi Jinping concluded his attendance at the 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Summit and his state visit to Kyrgyzstan on September 1. He departed Bishkek in the afternoon local time. Kyrgyzstan's Prime Minister Akylbek Japarov (reported as Kasymaliev, likely referring to the Prime Minister) was present at the airport to see him off. The report does not mention any statements made by Xi beyond the completion of the events. No discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations appears in the article.
Summary: At the SCO summit in Bishkek, Chinese leader Xi Jinping congratulated Kyrgyzstan's President Zaparov and Uzbekistan's President Mirziyoyev on their independence anniversaries while marking the bloc's 25th anniversary. He outlined four priorities: development (including AI, digital economy, and green energy under the Belt and Road framework), security (combating terrorism and cyber threats), people-to-people ties, and dialogue-based global governance. Xi warned against external forces interfering in member states' internal affairs—a tacit allusion to U.S. influence—and endorsed a multipolar world while calling for political solutions to conflicts like Ukraine and Afghanistan. Concluding, he congratulated Pakistan's Shehbaz Sharif on assuming the rotating chairmanship.
Summary: Chinese President Xi Jinping delivered a speech at the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit in Bishkek, hosted by Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov, marking the organization's 25th anniversary. He advocated for an "equal and orderly world multipolarity," explicitly rejecting hegemony, unilateralism, and protectionism, and stressing that the Global South is a key force in reshaping international dynamics. Xi outlined four core principles—sovereign equality, rule of law, multilateralism, and inclusive development—and proposed three "SCO actions" to drive Eurasian prosperity via the Belt and Road, bolster Global South growth, and reform global governance. He called for strengthening the UN's role and for major powers to lead by example in upholding international rules, while warning that protectionism and "decoupling" have no future.
Summary: President Xi Jinping attended the 26th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) and the "SCO+" meeting in Bishkek on September 1, delivering a keynote speech. He underscored the "Shanghai Spirit" as the organization's most valuable asset and called for prioritizing development, security, people-centered cooperation, and dialogue to promote a fair and orderly global governance system. Xi also proposed establishing a China-SCO basic education cooperation center and expanding cooperation in AI, digital economy, and green industries. International attendees, including Pakistani, Russian, and Central Asian officials, praised Xi's remarks as providing key intellectual guidance for global governance and boosting the SCO's role in supporting the Global South. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Chinese President Xi Jinping published a signed article in Egyptian newspapers ahead of his state visit to Cairo, marking the 70th anniversary of Egypt-China ties and calling for deeper strategic alignment, high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, and expanded practical collaboration. He also stressed civilizational exchanges and mutual learning between the two ancient civilizations, as well as joint defense of multilateralism and international fairness. Egyptian officials and experts quoted in the article welcomed the visit, saying it would deepen the comprehensive strategic partnership and bring benefits to both peoples. The article highlighted concrete projects such as the Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone and the new administrative capital's central business district as symbols of bilateral cooperation. No U.S. or U.S.-China relations topics were discussed.
Summary: President Xi Jinping attended the 26th SCO Heads of State Council meeting in Bishkek on September 1, where he delivered a speech titled "Promoting High-Quality Development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization." He emphasized the organization’s 25-year achievements and put forward four proposals covering development, security, people-centered cooperation, and dialogue-based governance. Xi announced several Chinese initiatives, including an international AI application cooperation center, a China-SCO port economy cooperation center in Tianjin, and 100 joint science and technology projects over three years. He stressed adherence to the "Shanghai Spirit," rejecting bloc confrontation, and supporting SCO mechanisms to address traditional and non-traditional security threats. Cai Qi and Wang Yi accompanied Xi at the meeting.
Summary: President Xi Jinping attended the "Shanghai Cooperation Organization+" meeting in Bishkek and delivered a speech titled "Jointly Advocating an Equal and Orderly Multipolar World and Realizing More Just and Equitable Global Governance." He criticized hegemony, unilateralism, and protectionism, and stressed that the rise of the Global South makes multipolarity an irreversible trend. Xi called for sovereign equality, rule-based international relations, and greater representation and voice for Global South countries in international affairs. He proposed three suggestions for the SCO: using its strength to drive Eurasian prosperity, its wisdom to empower the Global South, and its actions to lead global governance reform. Kyrgyz President Japarov chaired the meeting, with leaders including Putin and Modi attending, and Xi was accompanied by Cai Qi and Wang Yi.
Summary: The article is the Bishkek Declaration issued by Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) leaders on the organization's 25th anniversary, signed by heads of state and government including Xi Jinping, Putin, Modi, and others. The leaders reaffirm commitment to the SCO Charter and the "Shanghai Spirit," emphasizing the SCO's non-military, non-bloc nature and opposition to confrontational approaches in international affairs. They pledge deeper cooperation on security, counterterrorism, economic connectivity, trade, energy, and digital governance, while supporting reforms to global governance institutions. The declaration also addresses regional stability, nuclear non-proliferation, and cultural exchanges, with no direct reference to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Peng Liyuan, wife of Chinese President Xi Jinping, attended a collective event for spouses of leaders at the 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit in Bishkek on September 1. She was hosted by Kyrgyzstan's First Lady, Aigul Japarova, at the Ala-Archa state residence. During the event, Peng viewed a Kyrgyz cultural exhibition and watched a theatrical performance alongside the spouses of other attending leaders. She praised the performance and the artists' skill, extending an invitation for Kyrgyz artists to perform in China so that Chinese audiences can experience Kyrgyzstan's rich national culture.
Summary: The article reports on China's implementation of outcomes from the 2025 SCO Tianjin Summit, following President Xi Jinping's major initiatives and summit consensus. It lists 13 outcome documents, 100 events, and 40 projects spanning political, security, economic, and people-to-people exchanges. Key deliverables include progress on the SCO Development Bank, joint cyber counter-terrorism exercises, and various training programs. The report emphasizes China's concrete actions to contribute to SCO development across multiple sectors. No specific officials are quoted, and there is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) member states issued a declaration in Bishkek on September 1, 2026, affirming their commitment to nuclear safety and security as a priority for regional stability. They condemned attacks on peaceful nuclear facilities and pledged to strengthen cooperation against illegal trafficking of nuclear materials and nuclear terrorism. The declaration outlines concrete measures including joint exercises, information sharing, early warning systems, and personnel training among member states. It also supports the early entry into force of the Central Asia Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone treaty and calls for expanded partnerships with other nations and international organizations. The statement emphasizes the importance of peaceful uses of nuclear energy while ensuring safe and predictable environments for all.
Summary: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) member states issued a joint declaration on humanitarian aid, pledging to provide priority assistance to member states hit by natural, man-made, public health, or social emergencies upon their official request or consent. They agreed to explore establishing a coordination mechanism for aid delivery, including voluntary participation, consensus decision-making, and respect for national laws, while also improving rapid information exchange on emergencies and affected countries' needs. The leaders highlighted proposals from Kyrgyzstan on an aid mechanism and from Russia on a reserve fund for responding to international crises, and endorsed joint exercises and cooperation with international bodies like the UN system. The declaration, adopted in Bishkek on September 1, 2026, clarifies that its implementation creates no extra financial obligations or separate budgets for member states. The statement reinforces the SCO's role as a regional platform for solidarity and collective emergency response)Skip.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang met with a delegation led by US-China Business Council (USCBC) Board Chairman McCann at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on September 1. Li stated that bilateral relations are generally stable, referencing the May meeting between President Xi Jinping and President Trump in Beijing, and expressed willingness to build a constructive strategic stable relationship while managing differences. He highlighted China's market potential—being both "large" and "new"—welcoming US firms to expand their presence, and noted that trade frictions are normal as long as both sides communicate with mutual respect. McCann affirmed that US business has confidence in China's 15th Five-Year Plan and economic prospects, pledging to continue investment and serve as a constructive force. Wu Zhenglong attended the meeting.
Summary: The article is the joint declaration issued by SCO member state leaders on the organization's 25th anniversary, reaffirming their commitment to the SCO Charter and the "Shanghai Spirit." It emphasizes that the SCO is a non-military political bloc that does not target any country, while opposing bloc-based confrontation and unilateral coercive measures that violate international law. The declaration addresses regional security, counterterrorism, drug control, economic cooperation, and support for China's Belt and Road Initiative, among other areas. It also expresses condolences over the reported death of Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and supports a political solution to regional conflicts. The signatories include Chinese President Xi Jinping and other SCO leaders, with Pakistan set to assume the next rotating presidency.
Summary: State Councilor Shen Yiqin attended and addressed the 13th China Charity Award commendation conference at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on September 1. She stressed the need to implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's directives on charity, balancing support for development with standardized management. Shen called for promoting charity culture, expanding channels, strengthening internal governance and information transparency, and linking charity with social assistance to address urgent public concerns. The award recognized 92 recipients for outstanding contributions in charity. No mention was made of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Following the 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Tianjin Summit, Chinese ministries and local governments are actively implementing President Xi Jinping's major initiatives and the summit's consensus. Implementation efforts span political, security, economic, and cultural domains, yielding a substantial package of 13 outcome documents, 100 events, and 40 specific projects. Key deliverables include progress on the SCO Development Bank, joint counter-terrorism exercises, and the signing of credit agreements with Kyrgyzstan. China is also providing 2 billion RMB in grants, implementing 100 "small and beautiful" livelihood projects, and offering 10,000 training slots to member states. The report underscores China's continued contribution to SCO development through concrete actions, with no mention of the United States or bilateral relations.
Summary: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) member states issued a joint declaration in Bishkek on September 1, 2026, affirming that nuclear safety and security are national priorities and condemning any attacks or threats against peaceful nuclear facilities as violations of international law. The declaration outlines measures to strengthen cooperation, including regulatory exchanges, domestic control of nuclear materials, joint exercises, early warning systems, and training programs. It emphasizes preventing illicit trafficking and malicious use of nuclear materials while supporting peaceful nuclear energy development for economic growth and technological progress. The members also call for the full entry into force of the Central Asian Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone Treaty protocol and express willingness to expand partnerships with other states and international organizations. The document reflects a shared commitment to a safe, predictable environment in peaceful nuclear use, with no reference to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: NPC Vice Chairman He Wei visited the Norwegian Embassy in Beijing on September 1 to offer condolences on the death of King Harald V, signing the condolence book on behalf of China.
Summary: Cambodian King Norodom Sihamoni and Queen Mother Norodom Monineath Sihanouk arrived in Beijing on September 1 via special plane, according to Xinhua. The report provides no further details on their itinerary or any accompanying officials.
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Summary: Rescue crews have been working around the clock to clear the final section of National Highway 216 leading to Gyirong Port, with the road expected to reopen by the morning of September 2. The damaged road had previously forced responders to rely on rappelling and helicopter drops, limiting access for heavy equipment. Led by the Ministry of Emergency Management's disaster engineering rescue center, teams used techniques such as rock dumping and gabion placement to steadily extend the work zone. By 9 p.m. on September 1, personnel could reach the port area on foot and link up with earlier air-delivered teams. Firefighters, PLA troops, armed police, and public security forces are now standing by for a large-scale search and rescue operation.
Summary: A female journalist from the party newspaper recounts hiking two and a half hours to become the first reporter at the disaster-stricken core zone, describing the rubble, mud, and ongoing road repairs led by China Anneng. Firefighters and police illuminated the ruined port area, where only foundations and rebar remained. At night, she spoke with an immigration police officer who tearfully vowed to bring his colleagues home, emphasizing the emotional weight of rescue efforts. The article highlights the dedication of rescue teams from multiple agencies as they awaited the final stretch of road to be cleared.
Summary: A sudden mudslide on the Nepalese side on Aug 26 severely hit Gyirong port in Jilong County, Shigatse, Tibet, prompting the Western Theater Command to activate its emergency response. Troops from the Tibet Military District, Armed Police Tibet, and the Second Mobile Contingent rushed in for reconnaissance, search-and-rescue with life detectors, and road clearance. The Western Theater Command Air Force dispatched a Y-20 carrying a theater guidance group, while helicopters airdropped over 1,230 kg of supplies and transported 77 rescue personnel as of Sept 1. Logistics and medical units transported thousands of relief items and deployed a 22-member medical team for frontline support. Soldiers said they were ready to charge forward whenever people need them, with a pilot emphasizing meticulous operations under high-altitude terrain and weather.
Summary: A memorial ceremony was held on September 1 at the Gyirong Port police station in Shigatse, Tibet, to mourn victims of a mudslide, with simultaneous tributes at rescue and road-clearing sites. Attendees included rescue workers, local officials, and residents, who observed three minutes of silence before raising the national flag. After the ceremony, rescue and road-repair operations resumed.
Summary: A reporter visiting a relocation site in Jilong Town after a mudslide describes the changed atmosphere and meets villager Dawa, who offers free corn to workers. Dawa proudly notes her son Nyima Dorje, a veteran, is driving a truck to transport stones for rescue efforts, working long hours alongside Han and Tibetan people. Dawa now boils corn daily for anyone passing by, wanting to contribute in her own small way. The reporter reflects on many ordinary people like them whose modest acts inspire gratitude. The corn kernels, tightly clustered, symbolize the unity of those battling the disaster together.
Summary: In the disaster relief near Gyirong Port, drones proved vital due to the complex terrain and weather. A post-2000s drone pilot, Sun Jing, and his team volunteered, arriving with equipment to support rescue operations. They used heavy-lift drones to deliver supplies and even transported a firefighter across a turbulent river to set anchor points. Sun highlighted that technology significantly reduced risks in rescue work, including restoring communications and delivering aid. The article focuses on these operational details without mentioning U.S. or bilateral relations.
Summary: The article reports on the aftermath of a mudslide near Gyirong Port, highlighting the resilience and solidarity of Chinese people in disaster relief. It describes the arduous road-repair efforts, with rescue workers and engineers overcoming extreme difficulties through persistence and teamwork. Specific individuals are mentioned: PLA soldier Wei Xiaoliang volunteered despite planned discharge, village party secretary Bianba helped villagers while his own relatives were missing, and shop owner Zhang Ming provided free food to rescuers. The piece emphasizes the enduring spirit symbolized by the slogan "I love you China" carved on a cliff, which remains visible despite mud, representing the unbreakable will and mutual support of the Chinese people. No reference is made to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Central Institute of Socialism held its 2026 autumn semester opening ceremony in Beijing on September 1. Wu Weihua, vice chair of the National People's Congress Standing Committee and president of the institute, spoke at the event. He urged the institute to be guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, particularly Xi's important remarks on united front work, and to use its 70th anniversary to strengthen political training and consensus-building. He said this would help students improve their political capabilities and performance, supporting high-quality development and Chinese modernization. Leading officials from the Central United Front Work Department and democratic party central committees also attended and addressed the gathering of over 600 students.
Summary: The CCP Central Propaganda Department, together with 11 other departments, issued a joint notice to organize a "National Defense Education Month" in September. The notice emphasizes guiding the public with Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and Xi's important statements on strengthening national defense education, centered on the theme of "Carrying forward the great Long March spirit and jointly building a strong national defense." It prioritizes the study of Xi Jinping's thought on strengthening the military, alongside patriotic education and revolutionary tradition education to enhance public defense awareness. Planned activities include promoting advanced models, strengthening student military training, deepening open barracks initiatives, and using online media to expand outreach. The notice requires local authorities to ensure correct direction, strictly implement the Central Eight Regulations, avoid burdening grassroots units, and ensure activities are safe and orderly.
Summary: The 2026 National Cybersecurity Awareness Week press conference was held in Beijing on September 1, announcing the week-long event will take place nationwide from September 14 to 20. Jointly organized by ten central departments, including the Central Propaganda Department, the Cyberspace Administration of China, the Ministry of Education, and the People's Bank of China, the event is themed "Cybersecurity for the People, Cybersecurity by the People – Safeguarding the Intelligent Era." The initiative aims to promote Xi Jinping's thought on building a strong cyber nation and implement his "Four Persistences" directive on cybersecurity. Major events, including the opening ceremony and a high-level forum, will be held in Jinan, Shandong, alongside 15 sub-forums, technical experience zones, and themed activity days. Concurrently, the National Cybersecurity Standardization Technical Committee will hold its "Standards Week" in Jinan to share standardization practices.
Summary: The Pinglu Canal's first command and management vessel, "Pinglu 001," was officially delivered on August 31 in Nanning, according to a report. The vessel integrates functions such as waterway inspection, navigation dispatch, and emergency command, and is the first such vessel formally commissioned on the canal. Certified by the China Classification Society, it can operate in coastal waters and inland river zones, carrying 7 crew members and up to 50 operational personnel. It has arrived at the Qinzhou水上综合服务区, and its smart navigation system will undergo joint testing with shore-based facilities. The vessel is expected to provide support for the canal's upcoming navigation opening.
Summary: The China Atomic Energy Authority's research institute (under CNNC) reported a technological breakthrough in neutron scattering. The team developed a precise three-dimensional residual stress testing method for single-crystal superalloys using the China Advanced Research Reactor's stress spectrometer. This solves a key technical challenge in assessing residual stress for critical aviation materials. The achievement also lays a methodological groundwork for expanding the spectrometer's application in high-end manufacturing.
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Summary: President Xi Jinping, ahead of his state visit to Egypt on September 1, published a signed article in local media emphasizing that China and Egypt, as ancient civilizations, have continuously deepened mutual learning and written chapters of friendship. The article highlighted ongoing cultural exchanges, including joint archaeological projects at Saqqara and the successful "Ancient Egypt Civilization" exhibition in Shanghai, which drew over 2.77 million visitors. Xi also underscored the importance of educational cooperation, citing Egypt's Luban Workshops and Confucius Institutes, which have trained thousands of students and expanded Chinese language teaching. Egyptian officials and cultural figures praised these efforts, viewing people-to-people ties as a vital pillar of bilateral relations. No mention was made of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A commentary piece by an Egyptian Foreign Affairs Committee member and former deputy head of the State Information Service highlights Egypt-China cultural exchanges as the deepest and oldest example of civilization mutual learning between Arab and Asian nations. The article notes that President Xi Jinping’s congratulatory letter to Egyptian President Sisi last November on the opening of the Grand Egyptian Museum signaled mutual respect and alignment with the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind. It traces historical ties from the Silk Road and early 20th-century Chinese students in Egypt to formal educational cooperation post-1956, including Egypt's pioneering Chinese language programs. Citing the Shanghai Museum's ancient Egypt exhibition attracting over 2.77 million visitors, the author sees a historic opportunity for deepened cooperation in curricula, intangible heritage, and digitalization ahead of the 70th anniversary of ties and Xi's state visit. The piece concludes that this civilizational exchange embodies the Global Civilization Initiative and offers an alternative model for coexistence in a turbulent world.
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Summary: The 23rd China-ASEAN Expo will be held in Nanning, Guangxi, from September 17-21 under the theme "Sharing 3.0 Opportunities, Creating a Better Life," as announced at a State Council Information Office press conference on September 1. Vice Commerce Minister Yan Dong reported that China-ASEAN bilateral trade surpassed $1 trillion in 2025, up 7.4%, with China remaining ASEAN's largest trading partner for 17 consecutive years. Guangxi Vice Chairman Lu Xining outlined new features, including expanded exhibition zones, a dedicated AI area, and a special section on the Pinglu Canal, which he said will cut shipping distance to ASEAN by 560 kilometers and logistics costs by 18-30%. China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Vice President Lin Honghong said the accompanying Business and Investment Summit will host forums and release typical cases on AI cooperation. Commerce Department Director-General for Asian Affairs Wang Liping said China will push for the early implementation of the China-ASEAN FTA 3.0 upgrade protocol and deepen cooperation in digital economy and green development.
Summary: The article marks the 30th anniversary of the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, which opened in 1996, and highlights its role in linking north and south China, having carried 1.77 billion passengers and over 1 billion tons of cargo. It details how the railway and its high-speed successor, the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway, deliberately curved through Xingguo County, a revolutionary base, to boost local development, including tourism and orange exports. The piece contrasts past construction challenges, such as the difficult Qiling Tunnel dug largely by hand, with modern techniques like the giant "Hero" shield machine used in the Tianxiang Avenue Tunnel, noting a shift from manual labor to data-driven smart construction. It also describes ongoing upgrades, station improvements, and new freight links, such as a stone railway line in Macheng, that have enhanced economic circulation along the corridor. No mention is made of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article reports that on August 31, citizens were seen exercising at Yuehu Ecological Park in Xishui County, Huanggang, Hubei. Local authorities are responding to residents' needs by using urban marginal and idle spaces to accelerate construction of fitness facilities, including parks, greenways, residential areas, and community exercise corners. This effort aims to complete a "10-minute fitness circle" for residents. The photo was taken by Wang Jiang for the "Image China" series. No official statements or U.S.-related topics are mentioned.
Summary: An academic seminar on forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and promoting high-quality development of ethnic unity was held in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, on August 31. The event featured three sub-forums addressing new-era ethnic unity progress, socialist cultural development, and border governance. Over 90 experts and scholars participated, stating they would build on the pluralistic unity of the Chinese nation. They pledged to deepen research on fundamental issues and construct an independent knowledge system for the Chinese national community to contribute academic strength to the cause.
Summary: The article reports that the "Silk Road Maritime" trade data service platform, launched in March, now covers global trade data for 300 million products across 230 countries, marking a shift from route network construction to digital ecosystem development. It addresses fragmented data and barriers faced by enterprises, especially small and medium-sized shippers, by providing market insights, route analysis, risk assessment for financial institutions, and planning support for government agencies. The platform is part of the "Silk Road Maritime" initiative under the Belt and Road framework, integrating trade data services to advance port, shipping, and trade integration as outlined in the 15th Five-Year Plan. Additionally, the platform's meteorological risk intelligence system monitors 58 domestic and international ports, offering global navigation weather services across major oceans with an average route optimization rate of 30%. No U.S. or U.S.-China relations are mentioned.
Summary: The Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region's Development and Reform Commission, Department of Industry and Information Technology, and Department of Commerce jointly issued a document on September 1, introducing 14 measures to promote effective investment and improve the utilization rate of new energy. The measures focus on revitalizing existing projects, selecting new approved projects, accelerating green electricity direct connections, and ensuring reasonable returns for energy storage projects. They also aim to expedite the construction of pumped-storage and solar thermal facilities while strengthening resource guarantees. The policy supports Xinjiang's role as a national energy resource strategic support base, with cumulative new energy installed capacity reaching approximately 180 million kilowatts by the end of July. This coordinated provincial-level action reflects a push to optimize the region's energy mix and enhance its investment efficiency.
Summary: The Ministry of Culture and Tourism will host the 2026 National Art Troupe Performance and Broadcast Season in Beijing from September to November. The event brings together ten directly affiliated art troupes, along with other national ensembles such as the China Disabled People's Art Troupe and the Central Song and Dance Ensemble. Performances will take place at venues including the National Centre for the Performing Arts and the National Theatre. The season is themed around the 105th anniversary of the Communist Party of China and the 90th anniversary of the Long March, combining offline shows with online streaming. A special segment will showcase emerging young talent from national art troupes.
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Summary: Egypt launched the "Industrial Sun" program to install 1 GW of rooftop solar PV across about 7,000 factories to ease summer grid pressure and cut energy costs. This supports Egypt's broader goal of raising renewables to over 42% of its power mix by 2030, with state funding nearly doubling to $2.8 billion. Egyptian Industry Minister Khaled Hashim and Senate committee chair Osama Kamal backed the initiative for regional green leadership and energy security, while President Sisi demanded accelerated energy storage and local solar panel manufacturing. Egypt is expanding both massive utility-scale parks like Benban and distributed PV, paired with battery storage and grid upgrades. Chinese firms are deeply involved in project development, equipment supply, and localized manufacturing in the Suez Canal Economic Zone, deepening Sino-Egyptian cooperation in this sector.
Summary: 1. In Bishkek, President Xi Jinping held talks with Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov, during which the two leaders jointly signed the Treaty on Permanent Neighborly Friendship and Comprehensive Strategic Partnership. 2. Xi emphasized strengthening development strategy alignment and deepening exchanges on governance experience to build a China-Kyrgyzstan community with a shared future, outlining cooperation in trade, the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway, renewable energy, and artificial intelligence. 3. Japarov highly praised Xi's visit, calling China Kyrgyzstan's closest friend and most reliable partner, while expressing admiration for China's development achievements under Xi's leadership. 4. The two sides agreed to enhance coordination within multilateral platforms such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the United Nations, jointly promoting the four global initiatives and opposing hegemonism. 5. The visit was characterized as a significant milestone in bilateral relations, opening broader prospects for future cooperation.
Summary: Chinese President Xi Jinping published a signed article in Egyptian newspapers ahead of his state visit to Cairo, marking the 70th anniversary of Egypt-China diplomatic ties. In the article, he called for deepening development strategy alignment, high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, and expanded collaboration in infrastructure, trade, and emerging sectors. He also stressed greater civilizational dialogue and mutual learning between the two ancient cultures. Egyptian officials and experts quoted in the report voiced strong support, highlighting concrete projects like the Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone and the new administrative capital’s CBD tower. The article did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Chinese President Xi Jinping attended the 26th SCO Council of Heads of State and the "SCO+" meeting in Bishkek on September 1, delivering a keynote speech marking the organization's 25th anniversary. He highlighted the "Shanghai Spirit" as its most valuable asset, and called for prioritizing development, security, people-centered cooperation, and dialogue to improve global governance. International attendees, including Pakistani minister Attaullah Tarar and Russian expert Sergei Sanakoyev, praised his vision for fostering unity and offering a path toward more equitable global governance. Xi also announced initiatives such as a China-SCO basic education cooperation center, emphasizing support for the Global South and a multipolar world. The article contains no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article reports on a China-Egypt media joint interview成果分享会 held in Cairo on August 30, hosted by People's Daily, where journalists, experts, and scholars discussed strengthening media cooperation and telling the story of high-quality Belt and Road cooperation. Egyptian and Chinese participants, including editors from Al-Ahram and other outlets, praised the joint interviews as a shift from one-way reporting to collaborative storytelling, highlighting visits to Suez economic zone and cultural exchanges. Several speakers emphasized that firsthand observation and mutual understanding are key to deepening bilateral ties, with references to the ancient Silk Road and the Nile-Yangtze connection. The event underscored shared friendship and trust built over 70 years of diplomatic relations, with no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: China delivered its second batch of emergency aid to Nepal via a Y-20 transport aircraft, arriving in Kathmandu on September 1, carrying approximately 5.8 tons of supplies including drones, DNA testing equipment, and water purification gear. Five DNA identification experts accompanied the shipment as part of China's third batch of aid specialists. The aid was coordinated by multiple Chinese ministries and agencies to expedite delivery. Chinese Ambassador to Nepal Zhang Maoming and Nepali Minister for Science, Technology and Innovation Mahabir Pun attended the handover ceremony and welcomed the expert team. The DNA experts will proceed directly to disaster-affected areas to assist Nepali authorities.
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Summary: The article features a dialogue between two commentators from People's Daily and Sichuan Daily, analyzing how Mianyang, Sichuan, transformed its "strong science, weak industry" dilemma into innovation-driven high-quality development. They attribute Mianyang's success to its role as an "innovation organizer," establishing dedicated institutions and platforms like the photonics sci-tech city, and fostering deep collaboration between research institutes (such as the China Academy of Engineering Physics) and local industries. The discussion highlights regional integration with Chongqing's Beibei District under the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle strategy, emphasizing open coordination and shared innovation funds. Crucially, they argue that local governance must adopt long-termism, patience for "patient capital," and a correct view of political achievements, avoiding short-term numerical targets. Ultimately, the commentators conclude that adhering to a systematic approach and local conditions allows central and western regions to effectively convert their scientific "family assets" into development advantages and cultivate new productive forces.
Summary: The article reports on rescue efforts in Gyirong County, Tibet, following a major disaster, emphasizing that "time is life" and that rescuers must advance despite extreme danger. It describes soldiers from the People's Liberation Army, armed police, fire rescue, and China Aneng working together to clear roads and search for survivors along National Highway 216. A 24-year-old armed police soldier, a member of a "Party member突击队," is highlighted for having previously participated in the Dingri earthquake rescue and for responding immediately to this call. The piece stresses that rescue teams use flexible tactics to overcome difficult terrain and flooding, driven by the belief that "people first, life first" and that every effort matters. The author is a reporter from the Political and Cultural Department of People's Daily.
Summary: The article highlights China's successful power supply during peak summer demand, where residents experienced no disruptions despite record electricity loads. This achievement is attributed to proactive infrastructure planning, including 43 ultra-high-voltage projects, and a coordinated grid integrating main, distribution, and micro networks. It also credits the rapid growth of renewable energy—wind and solar now account for over 48% of installed capacity—along with regional power transfers like west-to-east electricity delivery. Additionally, technological innovations such as grid-side storage and load-response scheduling have optimized dispatch efficiency. The piece concludes that this "peak without perception" outcome reflects China's socialist system advantages and commitment to people-centered modernization.
Summary: The newly amended Housing Provident Fund Management Regulations, effective September 20, now permit individual businesses, non-full-time employees, and other flexible workers to contribute to the fund voluntarily. The amendments also broaden the scope of withdrawals to include costs for renovating self-owned housing and paying property management fees for such residences. This policy update is framed as a targeted measure to support the public's pursuit of higher-quality housing and improved living conditions. No specific officials or accompanying personnel were reported in the announcement, and the piece focuses solely on the regulatory changes.
Summary: Two opinion pieces by local officials—Li Yanjiao of Qiemo County, Xinjiang, and Wu Cheng of Changzhou, Jiangsu—argue for improved grassroots governance techniques. Li contends that solving problems requires first thoroughly explaining the underlying logic and reasoning to citizens, using the example of a traffic officer persuading a delivery rider, to prevent recurrence and ensure voluntary compliance. Li further stresses that cadres must themselves fully grasp the "why" behind policies to communicate effectively and avoid implementation failures. Wu argues that young cadres' difficulty with local dialects reflects a lack of genuine engagement, and they must overcome this barrier to avoid superficial "gold-plating" stints that disappoint the masses. Wu calls for organizational mentorship and individual initiative to help young cadres integrate, learn the language, and truly shoulder responsibilities.
Summary: The article consists of two editorials addressing public governance issues. The first editorial argues that involuntary filming in public spaces violates privacy, citing Hubei's legal actions (involving courts and procuratorates) against businesses and calling for stricter platform regulation. The second editorial reports that the National Cultural Heritage Administration has issued a notice requiring local authorities to strengthen content review of museum exhibitions to eliminate errors. It criticizes museums for prioritizing displays over management and outsourcing content, urging stricter accountability for officials and routine supervision. Both editorials emphasize the need for systemic regulatory oversight and accountability mechanisms.
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Summary: The article reports on the construction of China's three international science and technology innovation centers (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Greater Bay Area), a major strategic decision by the CPC Central Committee. It highlights the expansion of the Beijing and Shanghai centers into their broader regional clusters, marking a shift from single-city breakthroughs to regional coordinated integration. Featuring experts like Chen Baoming, Yi Tong, Zhang Zhengang, and Cha Hao, the report details progress in original innovation, AI applications, and industrial upgrading. The experts advocate for addressing bottlenecks in basic research and commercialization, promoting cross-regional collaboration, and implementing institutional reforms. The overarching goal is to convert innovation momentum into development efficacy to support China's scientific self-reliance and modernization drive.
Summary: The article reports on the conclusion of China's 62-day summer railway travel period (July 1–August 31), during which railways operated an average of 11,623 passenger trains daily and transported 954 million passengers. Railway authorities are promoting integrated tourism products, including long-distance "tourism special trains" and short-distance "tourism dedicated lines," to expand consumption. Officials such as Han Wei, chairman of Henan Zhongyuan Railway Tourism Group, and Jin Song, director of the market development office at China Railway Beijing Group, highlighted efforts to offer "moving hotel" experiences and culturally themed carriages. The sector also launched flexible "ticket packages" allowing multiple rides over 15 days with discounts, including half-price tickets for children, to encourage multi-city deep travel. No discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations appears in the article.
Summary: The National Energy Administration reported that as of the end of July, China's solar photovoltaic (PV) installed capacity reached 1.286 billion kilowatts, surpassing coal power (1.285 billion kW) for the first time to become the country's largest power source category. Of this total, centralized PV accounted for 704 million kW and distributed PV for 582 million kW. In July alone, new PV capacity additions totaled 13.73 million kW, a 43% year-on-year increase. From January to July, PV power generation rose 15.5% year-on-year to 802.4 billion kWh, exceeding the growth rate of total societal electricity consumption by 10.8 percentage points. PV's share of total societal electricity consumption reached 13%, up 1.7 percentage points from last year's full-year level, underscoring its growing role in securing power supply and advancing the energy transition.
Summary: A new national standard (GB/T 47746—2026) addressing the coordination between human and AI customer service took effect on September 1st. The standard aims to resolve industry issues such as arbitrary task allocation, service handoff gaps, data synchronization failures, and inconsistent service quality. It explicitly requires that users seeking human assistance must find a clear, unobstructed entry point to agents. Furthermore, it mandates a scientific division of labor, delegating simple queries to AI while ensuring complex disputes are promptly escalated to human staff. The rules also prohibit forcing consumers to repeat information during transitions, requiring automatic system handoffs to human agents when specific conditions are met.
Summary: Chain convenience stores are accelerating expansion into China's county-level markets, with their share of new openings in third-tier and below cities rising from 41% in 2024 to 47% in 2025. Commerce Ministry official Li Jialu stated at a press conference that the government will guide more brand chains to sink down, emphasizing they must adapt to local county demand rather than simply copying urban models. To facilitate this, nine government departments jointly issued a policy to simplify approval procedures and allow "one license, multiple locations" for chains in eligible counties. The policy also aims to expand employment by encouraging companies to establish operations in counties, creating jobs in delivery, warehousing, and digital operations. This combination of rising demand, corporate expansion, and policy support is opening new consumption space in county markets.
Summary: On September 1st, Gansu Province officially launched its public data resource registration and authorized operation platforms. This marks a new phase for the province's public data, transitioning to standardized registration, management, market-based operations, and full-process supervision. The registration platform serves as the unified provincial entry point, is interconnected with the national platform, and provides full digital services. The authorized operation platform manages authorization, compliance, data development, and supervision. This initiative aims to activate the value of data elements and support the high-quality development of the digital economy.
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Summary: The article reports on China’s September green travel campaign, highlighting that over 200 million people now use green transport daily, with an average green travel rate of 73.9% across 36 typical cities. It cites transport ministry researcher Chen Xumei on how green mobility has shifted from policy advocacy to public choice, supported by expanded rail, bus, and bike networks. The piece details improved infrastructure, such as metro-bus integration and digital tools like carbon accounts, which incentivize low-carbon commuting. Experts recommend moving from scale expansion to quality improvement, including better last-mile connectivity and personal carbon credit schemes. No mention is made of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article reports that over 200 million green travel trips occur daily in China in 2025, making Chinese cities the world’s largest in urban green mobility. It highlights infrastructure improvements, such as Shenzhen’s seamless subway-bus transfers covering the built-up area, and Chengdu’s “smart transit brain” dispatching system. It also notes that incentive measures like carbon-普惠 platforms in Wuhan reward residents for eco-friendly behavior. These developments reflect that green travel has become a mainstream daily choice for many Chinese citizens.
Summary: On September 1, the National Health Commission and the China Meteorological Administration jointly issued the first autumn pollen concentration forecast, predicting high (level 4) concentrations from September 2-7 across parts of northwestern China, most of Inner Mongolia, central-northern North China, and northern Henan, with very high (level 5) levels in central-western Inner Mongolia. Experts advised allergic populations to monitor local pollen changes and take protective measures. The Beijing Municipal Forestry and Parks Bureau reported that local herbaceous plants have entered a pollen dispersal period, with a peak expected in September. To mitigate risks, the city has systematically initiated a comprehensive management campaign, cutting and uprooting wild allergenic plants in high-traffic areas before the peak season. The bureau emphasized that these plants are native vegetation, not artificially cultivated, and that debris is being promptly cleared to prevent secondary pollen spread and fire hazards.
Summary: The article reports that on September 1, China officially ended its four-month summer fishing moratorium, with 26,000 fishing vessels departing from ports in the Bohai and Yellow Seas north of the 35th parallel. The report highlights that the maritime safety authorities will continue to strengthen sea patrols and supervision to safeguard the lives and property of the people. The accompanying officials mentioned are reporters Han Xin and Jin Bo, who filed the dispatch from Beijing. No specific political figures were quoted, and the article does not address U.S.-China relations. The focus is on the operational and regulatory aspects of the fishing season's commencement.
Summary: As of September 1, the Datengxia Water Conservancy Project's cumulative power generation surpassed 30 billion kWh, marking over 2,300 days of safe operation. This green energy output is estimated to meet the electricity needs of a 2-million-person city for two years, support roughly 425 billion yuan in GDP growth, and save about 9.9 million tons of standard coal while cutting CO2 emissions by 24.75 million tons. The project is a key node in China's national water network and a control project for the Pearl River basin, offering integrated benefits such as flood control, shipping, power generation, and irrigation. Featuring eight of China's largest axial-flow turbine units (1.6 million kW total), it serves as a major peaking and frequency regulation station for the Guangxi grid. Its role is critical for safeguarding flood safety in the Pearl River basin, water security for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, shipping upgrades, and regional power stability.
Summary: The article reports that Typhoon Shadel, after weakening, re-intensified on September 1 and is interacting with multiple tropical systems, prompting renewed warnings for heavy rain and secondary disasters in Jiangnan and South China. Central Meteorological Observatory chief forecaster Liu Longsheng attributed the re-intensification to abundant moisture and energy from the South China Sea monsoon and sea surface temperatures above 28°C. He noted that Typhoon Korowon, which formed on September 1 east of Taiwan, is indirectly but significantly influencing Shadel's track by blocking the subtropical high, making the future path highly uncertain. Heavy rainfall is expected over the next three days, with Liu warning of risks like flash floods and landslides. The article includes no discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: During the Tibetan antelope migration season in Hoh Xil, police and park rangers, including Public Security Bureau Director A Wangdanba and Deputy Director Zhao Xinlu, manage road crossings along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, using seasonal smart traffic lights remotely controlled to minimize disturbance. Zhao noted that high-definition monitoring equipment from the Chinese Academy of Sciences allows them to detect antelope gatherings within five kilometers, triggering temporary traffic stops. He also recalled that before the Qinghai-Tibet Railway was built 20 years ago, 33 wildlife passages were designed based on migration routes, and antelopes now even shelter under the railway bridge. The article highlights the balance between wildlife protection and transport efficiency, with the antelope population recovering to over 70,000. No mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations appears in the report.
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Summary: 1. The article reports the successful landing of the first stage of the Zhuque-3 Y2 rocket in Minqin County, Gansu Province, marking a major breakthrough in China's reusable rocket technology. 2. The mission, launched on August 19, involved satellite deployment and a land-based recovery, being China's first use of landing-leg recovery following the sea-based recovery of the Long March 10B on July 10. 3. The article primarily frames the success as a branding opportunity for the primary sponsor, Yanghe股份 (Yanghe Distillery), promoting its "Dream of the Blue" brand and its historical connection to the Dunhuang "Flying Apsaras" emblem. 4. Yanghe highlights its involvement in aerospace-themed products, live broadcasts, scholarships, and "aerospace classrooms" for schools in remote areas. 5. The article mentions no officials and no U.S. or U.S.-China relations, focusing solely on corporate sponsorship and domestic technological achievement.
Summary: The article analyzes the "general theory" of Xi Jinping's party building thought, which comprises the first four of the "Ten Persistences": Party leadership as the essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics, centralized unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, comprehensive strict Party governance, and staying true to the original aspiration and founding mission. The author argues these four elements form an integrated framework addressing political direction, implementation mechanisms, governance strategy, and value orientation. The piece emphasizes the dialectical relationships among the four persistences, including the unity of ontology and methodology, goals and means, and value pursuit and practical paths. It concludes that this "general theory" serves as the overarching guide for all party building work in the new era, providing political direction, strategic support, value standards, and a work framework for advancing Chinese-style modernization. The author is identified as a researcher at the Shanghai Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
Summary: The article emphasizes that young officials must cultivate a correct view of political achievements, citing President Xi Jinping's recent directive to regularly conduct education on this topic, targeting local party and government leaders, newly promoted, young, and key-position cadres. It argues that many young officials lack grassroots experience and tend to prioritize quick, visible results over long-term, substantive work, leading to misplaced priorities. Drawing on examples from Xi's own career and figures like Gu Wenchang and Yang Shanzhou, it urges young cadres to balance idealism with practicality, persistence with initiative, and learning with action. The piece concludes that young officials are vital to the Party's future and must internalize the correct performance outlook to serve the people and advance national rejuvenation. No mention is made of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article argues that China must "苦练内功" (strengthen its fundamentals) to counter external challenges, citing President Xi Jinping's calls to focus on self-improvement. It emphasizes innovation-driven development, citing advances in AI and "new economy" sectors, and urges expanding domestic demand to offset external uncertainties. The piece stresses that this strategy does not mean closing off, but rather pursuing high-level opening-up while building economic resilience. It concludes that China's large market, industrial system, and Party leadership provide confidence for sustainable high-quality growth.
Summary: President Xi Jinping issued Presidential Order No. 82 promulgating the revised Agriculture Law, which was passed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on August 28, 2026, and will take effect on January 1, 2027. The law reaffirms the Party's leadership over agricultural affairs, prioritizes food security, and emphasizes the development of "new quality productive forces" to modernize the sector. It outlines comprehensive measures covering land contract stability, green development, agricultural investment, and rural financial support, while also strengthening the protection of farmers' rights and income. The legislation imposes strict legal liabilities, including penalties for the misappropriation of agricultural funds and infringement of farmers' legal interests.
Summary: President Xi Jinping signed Presidential Order No. 82 to promulgate the revised Agricultural Law of the People's Republic of China, which was passed by the NPC Standing Committee on August 28, 2026, and will take effect on January 1, 2027. The law emphasizes agricultural modernization, rural revitalization, and the priority development of agriculture, with a strong focus on ensuring national food security through self-reliance. It outlines comprehensive measures for protecting farmers' rights, stabilizing land contract relationships, and promoting green and technological innovation in agriculture. The legislation also establishes mechanisms for fiscal support, financial services, and agricultural insurance to bolster the sector. Additionally, it includes provisions for international agricultural cooperation, though it maintains a strategic stance of domestic grain self-sufficiency.
Summary: The article reports that ICBC Hunan Branch is advancing Hunan’s “Three Highlands” strategy—focusing on advanced manufacturing, technological innovation, and opening up—through expanded financial services. By the end of June, its manufacturing loans and trade financing rose by 13.912 billion yuan and 12.273 billion yuan year-on-year, respectively, while tech loans grew by 11.506 billion yuan. The branch also leveraged its first AIC venture capital fund, supported computing infrastructure projects, and promoted cross-border finance via the China-Africa cross-border RMB center. International settlement volume increased by 3.2 billion U.S. dollars, and cross-border RMB business grew by 3.7 billion yuan. Looking ahead, the branch plans to continue supporting Hunan’s development during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period through finance for key networks and major strategic initiatives.
Summary: The article commemorates the 30th anniversary of New China Life Insurance, tracing its evolution from a startup in 1996 to a state-controlled listed insurer under the Central Huijin system (since 2019). It highlights strong 2025 financials, including premiums over 195.8 billion yuan, total assets near 1.9 trillion yuan, and net profit of 36.28 billion yuan. The company emphasizes its role in serving national strategies, such as rural revitalization insurance, senior care communities, and financing hard-tech firms like Cambricon. Looking ahead, it pledges to align with the "15th Five-Year Plan" and the national goal of building a financial powerhouse. The report focuses strictly on corporate performance and policy alignment, with no mention of specific officials or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article highlights Wuhan's Optics Valley ("光谷") as a hub for optoelectronic innovation, featuring breakthroughs like silicon photonic chips and a 170 GHz modulator, with 16,000 companies and doubled high-tech firms since the 14th Five-Year Plan. Innovation center general manager Xiao Xi noted efforts to achieve self-reliance in high-end optoelectronic devices, including a 250 GHz chip and 12-inch silicon photonic PDK. The government supports innovation-industry integration through a sci-tech supply chain platform, which has matched over 22,000 projects; platform operator Li Tianpei cited 123,000 users and 73,000 demands. Jiufengshan Laboratory director Ding Qichao discussed compound semiconductors' role in future industries, citing a 9.02 kV gallium oxide switch and collaborations with leading firms. Officials announced plans to invest in at least 50 future-industry projects in quantum tech, nuclear fusion, 6G, and biomanufacturing.
Summary: The article highlights Wuhan-based Aolvxin, a biomedical innovation platform that transformed a clinician's idea into a globally first-in-class minimally invasive myocardial shaver, inspired by a pineapple-peeling technique. The device, developed with Professor Wei Xiang of Tongji Hospital, enables beating-heart surgery through a fingertip-sized incision and has completed over 1,500 procedures, with U.S. clinical trials launched in March. The platform integrates clinical experts, multidisciplinary engineers, and full-chain manufacturing to bridge lab prototypes and mass production. It has converted over 400 innovative medical devices, five of which entered China's national green channel for priority review. The story underscores Wuhan's "Optics Valley" approach to merging innovation and industry, though no officials or U.S.-China relations are mentioned.
Summary: The article reports on Wuhan-based Guochuangke, which has developed inkjet printing equipment for OLED screens, a novel alternative to traditional evaporation-based manufacturing. Company chairman Chen Jiankui explains that the new route avoids reliance on foreign materials, equipment, and patents, significantly cutting construction and operational costs. The technology originated from a decade of lab research at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, with the company founded in 2020 and supported by local government funding, a nearly 6,000-square-meter facility, and proximity to panel makers CSOT and Tianma. In April, the firm shipped its G6 full-size printing equipment to a customer, and plans to complete G8.6 equipment this year. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article reports on the emerging profession of humanoid robot trainers in China, highlighting Hubei Humanoid Robot Innovation Center where trainers collect and annotate motion data to teach robots tasks like grasping bottles or cleaning tables. The center's explainer Ye Rui compared the process to "hand-holding teaching," while operations head Huang Quanzhou noted that a five-minute task is broken into 7,000–8,000 frames, each requiring textual descriptions. The center produces 24,000 data entries daily, covering scenarios such as supermarkets, coffee shops, and industrial lines, and connects over 50 upstream and downstream enterprises. It employs nearly 100 trainers and has established a dedicated training base, with intern trainer Lu Lang expressing confidence in robots taking over repetitive work.
Summary: A team led by Yang Daichang, a professor at Wuhan University, developed a biotech process to produce recombinant human serum albumin from rice, which traditionally could only be extracted from blood plasma and relied on imports. After starting from scratch in 2005 and testing the product on himself in 2017, Yang's research received regulatory approval in July 2025 from China's National Medical Products Administration for the plant-derived injection. The approval marks China's international leadership in this field, according to Yang. A new production base has been completed in Wuhan's East Lake High-tech Development Zone to scale up output and diversify products.
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Summary: The article highlights that new growth drivers contributed 50.9% to industrial output growth in the first seven months, marking the first time they have shouldered "half the sky" despite global trade protectionism and domestic supply-demand imbalances. It attributes this achievement to three factors: thick innovation driven by R&D investment and market scale, sustained industrial transformation as evidenced by the "three new" economy's rising GDP share, and supportive policies such as the "two heavy" and "two new" initiatives. The piece acknowledges that the transition between old and new momentum is not fully synchronized and faces short-term difficulties. It references the July 30 Politburo meeting, which called for accelerating the transformation between old and new growth drivers, emphasizing the need for coordinated promotion of traditional industry upgrades, emerging industry expansion, and future industry cultivation. The report does not discuss the United States or bilateral relations.
Summary: The article reports on Ningbo's petrochemical base transformation toward high-value materials, circular production, and smart safety amid falling refined fuel demand. Officials cited include Zhenhai Refining's tech deputy Huang Aibin, who said fuel demand will peak and decline during the 15th Five-Year Plan due to EVs, prompting a shift from oil to chemicals. Lin Huajie of Sinopec Ningbo New Materials Research Institute discussed developing food-grade bottle cap resin and PMP membrane material. Ningbo Juhua deputy party secretary Zhong Junliang stressed that resource recycling is now mandatory, citing a PDO/PTT plant with 100% adjacent-supply chain. Ningbo's economy bureau deputy director Zhou Ping stated plans for full green transformation of the cluster by 2027 and a trillion-yuan scale, with digitalization coverage at 68.5%.
Summary: The article examines Chongqing's mountainous agriculture, tracing its historical adaptation to rugged terrain and its modern transformation through technology. It highlights the role of the Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences in developing heat-resistant crop varieties and intelligent machinery like the "Agricultural Tank 1#" for sloped fields. Specific products such as Shizhu water shield are cited as successful exports. The piece argues that new productive forces are shifting farming from subsistence to specialized, branded industries, supporting rural revitalization. The author is a researcher at the academy, with the article compiled by reporter Liu Xinwu.
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Summary: The article highlights a shift from Chinese entrepreneurs traveling abroad for orders to overseas clients now visiting China for business negotiations, dubbed "reverse business trips." This trend is driven by China's growing innovation capacity, including top-ranking AI models, advanced supply chains enabling rapid prototyping, and abundant application scenarios that turn solutions into market-ready products. It reflects China's upgrade from manufacturing to technological leadership, with foreign partners seeking not just goods but integrated solutions and next-generation technologies. The piece also notes the supporting role of complete industrial ecosystems, such as 90% of humanoid robot components sourced within the Yangtze Delta. Ultimately, the phenomenon underscores China's evolving role as a global hub for innovation and solution development.
Summary: The article reports on the surge of China's cross-border e-commerce imports, citing customs data showing a 3.3-fold increase in overseas warehouse scale and 140 million consumers buying global goods, with total imports up 22.1% in the first half of the year. Global brands are accelerating entry into the Chinese market via platforms like Tmall Global and JD Worldwide, while researcher Zhang Yiting notes that localizing for China has shifted from an "option" to a "must" for overseas brands due to the highly segmented and fast-evolving demands of Chinese consumers. This growth is dismantling traditional daigou (proxy shopping) models, as direct sales, transparent pricing, and official flagship stores eliminate middleman value, with consumers now comparing prices globally. Consumer behavior is trending toward "refinement" and "quality," driving brands to launch China-first tailored products rather than standard global templates. The piece concludes that this evolution marks a "China Opportunity 2.0," where cross-border shopping has become a normalized daily habit rather than a niche activity.
Summary: The article reports on the "Nao'e" (moth-playing) golden hairpin of Sui dynasty girl Li Jingxun, now on display at the National Museum of China after extensive restoration, which has inspired a blockbuster line of cultural creative products. Liao Fei, the museum's head of cultural creative products, stated that the wildly popular fridge magnet was designed from pre-restoration photos while the artifact was still being repaired, achieving a remarkably high degree of fidelity to the final relic. Liao Fei explained that the product line is strategically targeted at women, young people, and all aesthetics-focused consumers, positioning the items as practical "new Chinese style" daily wear rather than bulky souvenirs. The magnet functions as a fridge decoration, a hair accessory, and a detachable brooch, and includes an AR feature, driving sales of about 2,000 units daily at the museum. Liao Fei emphasized that the design philosophy bridges ancient beauty with modern daily life, asserting that the enduring human desire for exquisite objects represents the most stable and genuine consumer purchasing power.
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Summary: The article profiles Jiang Wenhuang, a Communist revolutionary martyr from a remote village in Quzhou, Zhejiang, tracing his journey from local schools to Southwest Associated University and Peking University, where he became a student activist. In 1947, he, his wife Cheng Zhengjia, and former classmate Lin Weiyan joined the CCP and established underground party branches and propaganda networks in the Quzhou region. In January ͏1949, Jiang and Lin were arrested by Kuomintang agents while preparing to organize a guerrilla force, and Jiang refused to betray his comrades despite torture. He was secretly executed with five other Communists in April ͏1949, shortly before Quzhou's liberation, and they were posthumously honored as the "Quzhou Six Martyrs." The article contains no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article reflects on reading Wang Guowei's *Renjian Cihua*, emphasizing that true artistic merit lies in sincerity and authenticity—depicting real scenes and genuine emotions. It explains that works with such "true scenes and feelings" achieve a higher "realm" (境界), as praised by Wang. The author extends this principle beyond poetry to daily life, advocating a genuine heart in appreciating nature, hobbies, and relationships. Personal anecdotes, like observing the tiny flower of the ground-ivy (附地菜), illustrate how sincere attention reveals hidden beauty. Ultimately, the essay concludes that living and writing with authenticity—a "true heart"—is a timeless ideal.
Summary: The article is a lyrical essay celebrating the autumn delicacy gorgon fruit (鸡头米), describing its preparation in soups, stir-fries, and porridge, and evoking childhood memories of its healing properties. It quotes a Song-dynasty poem to highlight the fruit’s freshness and the labor of harvesting it from lakes. The piece reflects on the seasonal ritual of enjoying this humble ingredient, linking its sweet taste to the hard work of women who gather it from spiny plants. No officials, political statements, or U.S.-China relations are mentioned.
Summary: The article is a poem commemorating the Long March, depicting soldiers finding their rifles, comrades, and faith, with hands clasped into fists raised like declarations. It describes red flags, mountains, and blooming flowers as symbols of revolutionary spirit. The poem quotes Mao Zedong's line "The Red Army fears not the trials of the Long March," delivered by a leader with a Hunan accent, marking a new chapter in history. No mention is made of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The provided text identifies an oil painting titled *Xintianyou* (a type of Shaanxi folk song), created by artist Wu Yongnian. It notes that the artwork is part of the collection held at the National Art Museum of China. No other information is provided.
Summary: The article describes a visit to a coastal national forest park in Rizhao, Shandong, where a retired forest worker named Yu serves as a volunteer guide. Yu recounts how the area, once called "Big Sand Hollow," was a barren wasteland plagued by flying sand, sea fog, and biting insects before afforestation efforts began. Through trial and error, workers developed methods using drainage ditches and raised terraces to control water levels, then planted grass and black pines to build a windbreak forest. The forest has since transformed into a thriving ecosystem supporting diverse wildlife and recreational activities. The piece highlights the perseverance of local laborers and the ecological rebirth of the land.
Summary: The article is a personal essay about family, memory, and respect for the deceased. It describes the narrator offering condolences after a 99-year-old relative's peaceful death, and the family's reflections on filial piety. A subplot involves the narrator's daughter reclaiming a cloth tiger toy her late grandmother made, after it was given away without her consent. Another anecdote features a young child humorously explaining legal concepts. The narrative ends with the relative's daughter returning from the UK to mourn, while acknowledging her mother's failure to inform her of her grandmother's death.
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Our newspaper Bishkek, September 1 (Reporters Yang Xuebo, Chen Shihan). On the morning of September 1 local time, President Xi Jinping attended the 26th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Bishkek.
The meeting was chaired by President Japarov of Kyrgyzstan, the rotating chair of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Participants included President Lukashenko of Belarus, Prime Minister Modi of India, President Pezeshkian of Iran, President Tokayev of Kazakhstan, Prime Minister Shahbaz of Pakistan, President Putin of Russia, President Rahmon of Tajikistan, President Mirziyoyev of Uzbekistan, and SCO Secretary-General Yermekbayev, among others.
Xi Jinping posed for a group photo with the leaders of SCO member states, then attended the meeting of the Council of Heads of State and delivered an important speech titled "Promoting Higher-Quality Development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization." (Full text on page 2)
Xi Jinping noted that this year marks the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Twenty-five years ago, in the face of the profound lessons of the Cold War, the real threat of the "three forces," and the fervent expectations of the people of all countries for peace and development, safeguarding sovereignty, security, and development interests became a common consensus of the region's countries. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization thus 应运而生 (yìng yùn ér shēng - "arise in response to the times," to emerge as the times require) and has increasingly demonstrated strong vitality. Over the past 25 years, the SCO has traversed an extraordinary journey. Its most significant development achievement is having gradually become a new type of regional cooperation organization with the world's largest territory, largest population, and enormous development potential; its most precious spiritual asset is the pioneering proposal and consistent adherence to the "Shanghai Spirit" of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diversity of civilizations, and pursuit of common development; its most important cooperation experience is having found the correct path of coexistence without alliance, without confrontation, and without targeting any third party, promoting the region's countries to jointly build a common home. Twenty-five years later today, the world's century-old transformations are accelerating, dialogue and confrontation, win-win and zero-sum, multilateralism and unilateralism are in intense competition, and the shadow of war has not receded. Standing at a crossroads concerning the future and destiny of humanity, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization should bravely shoulder historical responsibility and take the initiative to lead the course of history.
Xi Jinping put forward four propositions.
First, adhere to prioritizing development and create prospects of common prosperity. Advocate universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, consolidate cooperation in traditional fields such as trade and investment, connectivity, energy and resources, expand cooperation in emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, digital economy, green industries, and green minerals, and promote regional cooperation to go deeper and more substantive, upgrade and improve in quality. China regards the SCO as a priority region for high-quality Belt and Road cooperation and for implementing the Global Development Initiative, will continue to host events such as the SCO Digital Economy Forum and Agricultural Expo, build an International AI Application Cooperation Center oriented toward SCO countries, establish a China-SCO Port Economy Cooperation Center in Tianjin, and jointly implement 100 science and technology cooperation projects with SCO countries in the next three years.
Second, adhere to making security a priority and create an environment of universal security. Coordinate responses to traditional and non-traditional security threats, combat the "three forces," transnational organized crime, drug trafficking, and telecom fraud, strengthen cooperation on information, biological, and outer space security, and strictly prevent external forces from interfering in the internal affairs of various countries, endangering political security, and undermining regional stability. China is willing to work with all parties to practice the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security, and build the SCO into an important platform for implementing the Global Security Initiative. China supports the early activation of the SCO's "four security centers" to enhance member states' capacity to respond to security threats and challenges.
Third, adhere to a people-centered approach and consolidate the foundation of lasting friendship between generations. Comprehensively consider the characteristics of each country's history, culture, social system, and development stage, build cooperation networks of legislative bodies, political parties, schools, think tanks, enterprises, and media, promote people-to-people exchanges, and inject vitality into good-neighborly friendship among member states. China is willing to work with all parties to implement the Global Civilization Initiative and support the SCO Committee on Good-Neighborliness, Friendship, and Cooperation and other people-to-people friendship institutions in playing a greater role. China will establish a China-SCO Basic Education Cooperation Center, and is willing to continue building bridges of exchange, mutual learning, and people-to-people connectivity through projects such as Confucius Institutes and Luban Workshops.
Fourth, adhere to dialogue and consultation and improve fair and orderly governance. Adhere to the equality of all countries regardless of size, adhere to joint discussion and deliberation of regional affairs, converge common ground and dissolve differences, properly handle contradictions and differences through dialogue and consultation, and respond to common challenges through multilateral coordination. China supports the SCO in carrying out exemplary cooperation in practicing the Global Governance Initiative, proposes to continue improving the SCO's operational mechanisms, and enhance the efficiency of decision-making and implementation. China welcomes more like-minded countries to become partners and jointly participate in improving regional and global governance.
Xi Jinping emphasized that China is willing to work with all parties to continue to hold high the banner of the "Shanghai Spirit," implement the SCO's 10-year development strategy, strive to achieve higher-quality development, and make greater contributions to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.
The leaders of participating member states fully affirmed the development achievements of the SCO over the past 25 years, believing that the SCO provides important guarantees for regional security and prosperity and has become one of the cornerstones of global stability and economic development. All parties appreciated China's important contributions as a founding member state to promoting the organization's development, agreed to actively implement the strategic blueprint of the 2025 Tianjin Summit, continue to promote the "Shanghai Spirit," improve institutional building, enhance political mutual trust, deepen cooperation in trade, investment, science and technology, energy, finance, industrial and supply chains, connectivity, and other fields, enhance people-to-people connectivity, jointly respond to new security challenges, and write a new chapter of lasting peace and common development. Facing the intertwined and turbulent international situation, SCO member states should unite and coordinate, enhance the organization's influence, promote the building of a more just and reasonable global governance system, and play a greater role in the peace, stability, and prosperity of the region and the world.
The leaders of member states signed and issued the "Bishkek Declaration on the 25th Anniversary of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization," approved the protocol on amendments and supplements to the SCO Charter, the regulations of the Comprehensive Center for Responding to Security Threats and Challenges, and the regulations of the Drug Control Center, and adopted 28 outcome documents on strengthening security, economic, and people-to-people cooperation and organizational building.
The meeting decided that Pakistan will take over as the rotating chair of the SCO for 2026-2027.
Cai Qi, Wang Yi, and others participated in the above activities.
Return to TopBishkek, September 1 (Reporters Wang Fang (王芳), Qu Pei (屈佩)) — In the afternoon of September 1 local time, President Xi Jinping attended the "Shanghai Cooperation Organization+" meeting in Bishkek and delivered an important speech titled "Jointly Advocating an Equal and Orderly Multipolar World and Realizing More Just and Equitable Global Governance." (Full text on page 2)
Xi Jinping pointed out that this meeting focuses on strengthening the role of the United Nations and building a multipolar world, demonstrating the Shanghai Cooperation Organization's sense of responsibility of the times in reforming and improving global governance. At present, the major changes unseen in a century are accelerating. Hegemonism, unilateralism, and protectionism are moving against the current, but the vast majority of countries do not identify with power politics, do not want conflict and confrontation, and are unwilling to be closed and backward. Rather, they expect to have an equal place on the world stage through their own development and international cooperation. In recent years, the Global South has grown remarkably, driving profound adjustments in the international balance of of forces. The general trend of world multipolarity is irreversible. What kind of multipolarity does the world need? How should countries participate in and advance multipolarity? The international community should build consensus and make correct choices that stand the test of practice and history.
Xi Jinping stressed that China, as a responsible major country, actively advocates an equal and orderly multipolar world. Sovereign equality and and mutual respect are the fundamental principles; balance, order, and adherence to the the rule of of law are the necessary requirements; multilateralism, dialogue, and consultation are the key paths; mutual benefit and and win-win, universal benefit, and inclusiveness are the the direction of of development. It is necessary to to uphold that all countries, regardless of of size, strength, and wealth, should have equal rights, equal opportunities, and equal rules. Global South countries are an important part of the multipolar landscape and a key force in advancing multipolarity. They should enhance their representation and voice in international affairs. It is necessary to promote the common values of humanity, reject double standards, exceptionalism, interference and bullying, and the law of of the jungle, and advance the rule of law in international relations. Major countries in particular should take the the lead in abiding by rules and upholding the rule of law, and cooperate to address global challenges. It is necessary to uphold that matters of the world should be handled by all countries through consultation and that international rules should be jointly formulated by all countries. The authority and vitality of the United Nations need to be revitalized, and various global and regional multilateral mechanisms need to be more coordinated and efficient. It is necessary to focus on development issues, uphold openness and and cooperation, bridge the digital and intelligent divide, and let the fruits of technological revolution and and development benefit the people of all countries.
Xi Jinping pointed out that after 25 years of development, the Shanghai Cooperation Cooperation Organization has has successfully established a model for relations among major countries, among neighboring countries, and among countries of different sizes, and has successfully pooled the development synergy of nearly half of of the world's population and one quarter of of the world's economic aggregate. A more united and more dynamic Shanghai Cooperation Organization is fully capable of contributing greater strength to advancing world multippolarity. All parties should grasp the historical trend, shoulder the responsibilities of the times, stay people-centered, adhere to an action-oriented approach, jointly advocate an equal and orderly multipolar world, promote the realization of more just and equitable global governance, and jointly promote the the building of of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Xi Jinping put forward three proposals for giving better play to the the role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
First, drive the common prosperity of of the Eurasian continent with "SCO strength." Continue to leverage advantages and tap potential, connect multiple growth poles of the the Eurasian continent through high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, empower and enable each other, jointly create opportunities, and share prosperity.
Second, promote the development and growth of the Global South with "SCO wisdom." Carry forward the "Shanghai Spirit," unite and expand "Shanghai Cooperation Cooperation Organization+" partners, and jointly speak up for peace, pool strength for development, build bridges for cooperation, and pave the way for win-win results.
Third, lead the reform and improvement of of global governance with "SCO action." Adhere to to partnership rather rather than alliance and dialogue rather rather than confrontation, uphold extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits, and promote the equal participation of all countries in global governance and their universal benefit from it.
Japarov, President of Kyrgyzstan, the rotating chair country of the the Shanghai Cooperation Cooperation Organization, chaired the meeting. Attending the meeting were leaders of of SCO member states — Belarusian President Lukashenko, Indian Prime Minister Modi, Iranian President Pezeshkian, Kazakh President Tokayev, Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz, Russian President Putin, Tajik President Rahmon, and Uzbek President Mirziyoyev — leaders of other invited countries including Mongolia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Egypt, Laos, Turkey, Vietnam, and Togo, and heads of international and regional organizations including UN Secretary-General Guterres.
Before the meeting, Xi Jinping attended a welcome banquet hosted by Japarov for the heads of deleg attending the meeting and posed for a group photo.
Cai Qi, Wang Yi, and others participated in the the above activities.
Return to TopPeople's Daily, Cairo, September 1 (Reporters Yu Yang (于洋), Xie Runjia (谢润嘉)) On the evening of September 1 local time, President Xi Jinping arrived in Cairo by special plane, at the invitation of Egyptian President Sisi, for a state visit to Egypt.
When Xi Jinping and his wife Peng Liyuan arrived at Cairo International Airport, President Sisi and his wife were present to warmly welcome them. Honor guards stood in formation on both sides of the red carpet in salute, and Egyptian youths waved the national flags of China and Egypt, warmly welcoming the visit of Xi Jinping and his wife.
Xi Jinping delivered written remarks, extending sincere greetings and good wishes on behalf of the Chinese government and the Chinese people to the Egyptian government and the Egyptian people.
Xi Jinping pointed out that China and Egypt are both ancient civilizations, and their traditional friendship has spanned millennia and grown ever stronger with time (历久弥坚 (lì jiǔ mí jiān - "the longer it lasts, the firmer it becomes," enduring and strengthening over time). Over the 70 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations, no matter how the international and regional situation has changed, the two countries have always worked together with one heart (和衷共济 (hé zhōng gòng jì - "with one heart and joint efforts," to unite and cooperate in times of difficulty) and pursued win-win cooperation. In recent years, I have worked together with President Sisi to lead the China-Egypt comprehensive strategic partnership in achieving leapfrog development. The two countries have solid political mutual trust, fruitful mutually beneficial cooperation, and close and strong multilateral coordination, becoming a model of friendly coexistence and unity and cooperation among developing countries. During this visit, I will have in-depth exchanges of views with President Sisi on China-Egypt relations, all-round cooperation between the two countries, and international and regional issues of common concern, jointly charting the blueprint for the development of the China-Egypt comprehensive strategic partnership and writing a new chapter in the history of China-Egypt friendship.
Cai Qi, Wang Yi, and other accompanying personnel arrived on the same plane.
Chinese Ambassador to Egypt Liao Liqiang (廖力强) was also at the airport to welcome them.
Return to TopBISHKEK, September 1 (People's Daily reporters Huang Chao, Wang Zi) — On the afternoon of September 1 local time, President Xi Jinping successfully concluded his attendance at the 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit and his state visit to Kyrgyzstan.
Upon departing Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan's Prime Minister Kasymaliev and others were present at the airport to see him off.
Return to TopBy: 中华人民共和国主席 习近平
Your Excellency President Japarov,
Dear Colleagues,
I am delighted to join you in Bishkek. I thank President Japarov for the thoughtful arrangements for our meeting. Since assuming the rotating presidency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Kyrgyzstan has focused on the theme of "Working Together Toward a Sustainable Peace, Development and Prosperity," and has carried out a rich array of activities with fruitful results. China highly commends this.
August 31 and September 1 mark the 35th anniversaries of the independence of Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan respectively. Taking this opportunity, I wish to extend our sincere congratulations to President Japarov and President Mirziyoyev, and to the friendly people of Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan.
This year marks the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. A quarter of a century ago, in the face of the profound lessons of the Cold War, the real threat of the three forces of terrorism, separatism and extremism, and the fervent aspiration of the people for peace and development, it became a common consensus of regional countries to work together to uphold sovereignty, security and development interests. It was against this backdrop that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization came into being, and it has since demonstrated ever-stronger vitality.
Over the past 25 years, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has traversed an extraordinary journey. Its most significant achievement is that it has grown step by step into a new type of regional cooperation organization with the largest territory and population in the world and immense development potential. Its most valuable spiritual asset is the pioneering proposal and consistent adherence to the "Shanghai Spirit," which champions mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for the diversity of civilizations, and the pursuit of common development. Its most important experience of cooperation is that it has found the correct way of coexistence featuring non-alignment, non-confrontation and non-targeting of any third party, and has enabled regional countries to jointly build a common home.
Twenty-five years later today, the once-in-a-century transformation of the world is accelerating. Dialogue and confrontation, win-win and zero-sum, multilateralism and unilateralism are locked in intense competition, and the shadow of war has not receded. Standing at a crossroads that concerns the future and destiny of humanity, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization should bravely shoulder its historical responsibility and take the initiative to steer the course of history.
First, we should prioritize development and create prospects of shared prosperity. We should advocate a universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, consolidate cooperation in traditional areas such as trade, investment, connectivity and energy and resources, expand cooperation in emerging areas such as artificial intelligence, the digital economy, green industries and green minerals, and deepen and upgrade regional cooperation in a substantive way.
China regards the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as a priority area for high-quality Belt and Road cooperation and for the implementation of the Global Development Initiative. In light of the development needs of the region, China will continue to host events such as the SCO Digital Economy Forum and the SCO Agricultural Expo, build an international AI application cooperation center for SCO countries, continue to advance the construction of new "10 million kilowatt photovoltaic" and "10 million kilowatt wind power" projects together with SCO countries, jointly implement 100 science and technology cooperation projects with SCO countries in the next three years, and continue to carry out China-SCO green industry talent training programs. China welcomes interested member states to actively participate in the "Sharing the Big Market, Exporting to China" series of activities and take the initiative to seize the opportunities presented by China's super-large market. To facilitate trade and logistics in the region, China supports the enhancement of the efficiency and quality of the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route, and will establish a China-SCO Port Economic Cooperation Center in Tianjin.
Second, we should prioritize security and foster an environment of universal security. We should address both traditional and non-traditional security threats in a coordinated manner, combat the three forces of terrorism, separatism and extremism, transnational organized crime, drug trafficking and telecommunications fraud, strengthen cooperation on information, biological and outer space security, and resolutely prevent external forces from interfering in the internal affairs of countries, endangering political security and undermining regional stability.
China is ready to work with all parties to practice the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security and build the Shanghai Cooperation Organization into an important platform for implementing the Global Security Initiative. China advocates a rational, coordinated and progressive vision of nuclear security and supports strengthening multilateral partnerships on nuclear security. China supports the early activation of the four security centers of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to enhance the capacity of member states to respond to security threats and challenges.
Third, we should put people first and consolidate the foundation of enduring friendship. The diversity of civilizations and cultures is a distinctive feature of this region. We should take into comprehensive consideration the historical and cultural traditions, social systems and development stages of various countries, build cooperation networks involving legislative bodies, political parties, schools, think tanks, enterprises and media, promote people-to-people exchanges, and inject vitality into the good-neighborly friendship among member states.
China is ready to work with all parties to implement the Global Civilization Initiative, support the SCO Committee on Good-Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation and other non-governmental friendship institutions in playing a greater role, and host the SCO Forum on Innovation and Sustainable Development and the SCO Forum on People-to-People Friendship and Friendly Cities. China will establish a China-SCO Basic Education Cooperation Center and will continue to build bridges of exchange, mutual learning and people-to-people connectivity through projects such as the Confucius Institutes and Luban Workshops.
Fourth, we should uphold dialogue and consultation and improve fair and orderly governance. We should uphold the equality of all countries regardless of size, uphold the principle of discussing and addressing regional affairs through joint consultation and seeking common ground while shelving differences, properly handle contradictions and differences through dialogue and consultation, and address common challenges through multilateral coordination. China appreciates and supports the Samarkand Solidarity Initiative proposed by President Mirziyoyev and the Initiative on World Unity for Justice, Harmony and Development proposed by President Tokayev.
China supports the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in carrying out exemplary cooperation in implementing the Global Governance Initiative. The fact that this "SCO Plus" meeting focuses on strengthening the role of the United Nations and building a multipolar world is a successful practice in this regard. China proposes to continue improving the operational mechanisms of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and enhance the efficiency of decision-making and implementation. We welcome more like-minded countries to become partners and jointly participate in improving regional and global governance. On international and regional hotspot issues such as Ukraine, the Middle East and Afghanistan, China is ready to strengthen communication and coordination with all parties, uphold a holistic approach that addresses both symptoms and root causes, and promote political settlement.
Dear Colleagues,
初心不改 (chū xīn bù gǎi - "the original aspiration remains unchanged," staying true to one's founding mission), we will not slacken no matter how far we must travel; 矢志不渝 (shǐ zhì bù yú - "the resolve never wavers," unwavering commitment), we will surely reach our goal no matter how difficult the journey. China is ready to work with all parties to continue to hold high the banner of the "Shanghai Spirit," implement the SCO development strategy for the next ten years, strive for higher-quality development, and make greater contributions to building a community with a shared future for mankind!
In conclusion, I congratulate Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif on assuming the chairmanship of the Council of Heads of State. China is ready to work with member states to actively support Pakistan's presidency.
Thank you all.
(Xinhua News Agency, Bishkek, September 1)
Return to TopBy: 中华人民共和国主席 习近平
Your Excellency President Japarov,
Dear Colleagues,
I am delighted to join members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization family and our international partners in celebrating the 25th anniversary of the Organization. I wish to thank President Japarov for the gracious invitation and the government of Kyrgyzstan for the thoughtful arrangements.
This meeting focuses on strengthening the role of the United Nations and building a multipolar world, demonstrating the SCO's sense of mission in our times to reform and improve global governance.
At present, the once-in-a-century transformation of the world is accelerating. Hegemonism, unilateralism, and protectionism are stirring up countercurrents. Yet the vast majority of countries do not identify with power politics, do not want conflict or confrontation, and do not wish to remain closed and backward. Rather, they seek to secure an equal place on the world stage through their own development and international cooperation. In recent years, the Global South has grown remarkably, driving a profound shift in the balance of international forces. The trend toward a multipolar world is irreversible.
What kind of multipolarity does the world need? How should countries participate in and advance multipolarity? The international community should build consensus and make the right choices that will stand the test of practice and history. As a responsible major country, China actively advocates an equal and orderly multipolar world.
—Sovereign equality and mutual respect are the fundamental principles. World history is written jointly by the people of all countries. A multipolar world, independent choice of development paths, and greater democracy in international relations are the right path for humanity. We should uphold that all countries, regardless of size, strength, or wealth, enjoy equal rights, equal opportunities, and equal rules. Global South countries are an important part of the multipolar landscape and a key force in advancing multipolarity. They should have greater representation and voice in international affairs.
—Balance, order, and rule of law are the necessary requirements. The purposes and principles of the UN Charter establish the basic norms of international relations and are the cornerstone of the postwar international order. We should promote the common values of humanity, reject double standards, exceptionalism, interference, bullying, and the law of the jungle, and advance the rule of law in international relations. Major countries in particular should take the lead in observing rules and upholding the rule of law, and work together to address global challenges.
—Multilateralism and dialogue and consultation are the key pathways. It is a historical injustice for a few countries to dominate international affairs. One country dominating alone, a few countries co-governing, or bloc politics do not constitute true multilateralism. Matters of the world should be discussed by all countries, and international rules should be formulated jointly by all countries. The authority and vitality of the United Nations need to be revitalized, and various global and regional multilateral mechanisms need to become more coordinated and efficient.
—Mutual benefit, win-win outcomes, inclusiveness, and shared benefit are the direction of development. Countries of the world are not isolated islands closed off from one another, but partners whose destinies are intertwined and whose fortunes are shared. Protectionism, decoupling, and severing supply chains have no future. We should focus on development issues, uphold openness and cooperation, bridge the digital and intelligent divide, and ensure that technological revolutions and development achievements benefit the people of all countries.
Dear Colleagues,
Through 25 years of development, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has successfully established a model for relations between major countries, between neighboring countries, and between countries of different sizes, and has successfully pooled the development strength of nearly half of the world's population and one quarter of the world's economic output. A more united and more vibrant SCO is fully capable of contributing greater strength to advancing an equal and orderly multipolar world.
First, we should drive shared prosperity and common development of the Eurasian continent with "SCO strength." The SCO has achieved fruitful outcomes in cooperation across the political, security, economic, and people-to-people fields, and has become a key platform for countries on the Eurasian continent to pursue common development and jointly meet challenges. We should continue to leverage our strengths and tap our potential, connect multiple growth poles of the Eurasian continent through high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, empower and enable one another, and jointly create opportunities and share prosperity.
Second, we should promote the growth and strengthening of the Global South with "SCO wisdom." The SCO is rooted in the Global South, cares about the Global South, and is an important pillar of South-South cooperation. We should carry forward the Shanghai Spirit, unite and expand "SCO+" partners, and work together to speak for peace, pool strength for development, build bridges for cooperation, and pave the way for win-win outcomes.
Third, we should lead the reform and improvement of global governance with "SCO action." Promoting the development of the global governance system in a more just and reasonable direction is the mission of the SCO. We should uphold partnership over alliance and dialogue over confrontation, uphold extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefit, and promote equal participation and universal benefit for all countries in global governance.
Dear Colleagues,
In governance, without progress, there is regression. 不进则退 (bú jìn zé tuì - "without advancing, one retreats," to either move forward or fall behind). SCO member states and partners should all grasp the historical trend and shoulder the responsibility of the times. Let us stay people-centered, adhere to an action-oriented approach, jointly advocate an equal and orderly multipolar world, promote more just and reasonable global governance, and work hand in hand to build a community with a shared future for mankind!
Thank you all.
(Xinhua News Agency, Bishkek, September 1)
Return to TopOn September 1, President Xi Jinping attended the 26th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the "SCO Plus" meeting in Bishkek, and delivered important speeches. International figures interviewed by our reporters said that President Xi Jinping's important speeches pool strength for promoting the higher-quality development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, chart the path for advancing the global governance system toward a more just and equitable direction, and inject more certainty and positive energy into safeguarding world peace and development.
"Carry forward the 'Shanghai Spirit' and work together to build a better common home"
This year marks the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. President Xi Jinping pointed out: "Over the past 25 years, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has traversed an extraordinary journey. Its most significant achievement is that it has gradually become a new type of regional cooperation organization with the widest geographical coverage, the largest population, and enormous development potential in the world; its most precious spiritual asset is the pioneering proposal and consistent adherence to the 'Shanghai Spirit' of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diversity of civilizations, and pursuit of common development; its most important experience of cooperation is finding the correct way of coexistence based on non-alignment, non-confrontation, and non-targeting of any third party, promoting regional countries to jointly build a common home."
"President Xi Jinping's speech demonstrated the broad vision and broad-mindedness of a leader of a major country." Attaullah Tarar, Pakistan's Minister for Information and Broadcasting, who listened to President Xi Jinping's important speech on site, said that in the face of the intertwined and turbulent international situation, the SCO family has maintained a stable development momentum and demonstrated strong resilience. "All parties should continue to uphold the concept of cooperation, share cooperation experience, carry forward the 'Shanghai Spirit,' and work together to build a better common home."
"Just as President Xi Jinping said, the 'Shanghai Spirit' is the most precious spiritual asset of the SCO." Sergei Sanakoev, Director of the Center for Asia-Pacific Studies in Russia, said that since its establishment, the SCO has been committed to providing a platform for different countries to engage in equal consultation, jointly promote peace, and seek common development, effectively consolidating regional security cooperation, promoting economic and trade exchanges and connectivity, and deepening exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. "The SCO has not only opened an important window of opportunity for regional countries, but also opened up new development space for Global South countries."
Alisher Sabirov, Associate Professor at the National University of Uzbekistan, said that the SCO has embarked on a path of inclusive development, setting a successful example of relations between major countries, between neighboring countries, and between countries of different sizes. SCO countries have diverse cultures and different stages of development, and the "Shanghai Spirit" effectively guides all parties in conducting cooperation.
Nurzhan Kasmaliyeva, Head of the International Relations Department of Kyrgyzstan's Kabar National News Agency, said that after 25 years, the SCO has continuously enhanced its international influence and is an important platform for promoting regional security guarantees, economic coordination, and the development of international relations. China is a founding member of the SCO and actively leads and promotes the SCO's achievement of higher-quality development.
"Helping the SCO continuously expand cooperation space and activate development momentum"
"Adhere to development as a priority and create a prospect of common prosperity," "adhere to security as a priority and foster an environment of universal security," "adhere to a people-centered approach and consolidate the foundation of enduring friendship between generations," "adhere to dialogue and consultation and improve fair and orderly governance" — President Xi Jinping emphasized that standing at a crossroads that concerns the future and destiny of humanity, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization should bravely shoulder historical responsibility and take the initiative to lead the course of history.
Kanat Baisak, President of the Kazakhstan-China Trade Promotion Association, said that a series of initiatives proposed at the SCO Tianjin Summit have continued to take root and bear fruit, with fruitful results in economic and trade exchanges and people-to-people and cultural exchanges, bringing tangible benefits to the people of regional countries. "At this Bishkek Summit, President Xi Jinping proposed a series of new important measures that will effectively promote the deep integration of industrial chains, supply chains, and value chains of SCO countries, expand cooperation in emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, the digital economy, green industries, and green minerals, and help the SCO continuously expand cooperation space and activate development momentum."
"The attractiveness of the SCO is continuously increasing." Siyagul Karamankul, Column Director of Kyrgyzstan's Kum Communications Agency, said that China has made important contributions to promoting the development of the SCO. In recent years, Kyrgyzstan and China have continuously deepened coordination within the SCO framework, greatly stimulating Kyrgyzstan's development potential.
Anushevon Rasulov, Editor-in-Chief of Tajikistan's ASAL News Network, said that China plays a key leading role in improving the SCO's operational mechanisms and promoting the upgrading and quality improvement of regional cooperation. "The series of practical measures proposed by China meet the common expectations of the SCO family and have received extensive support and positive response from all parties."
Gulzat Isamatova, Minister of Science, Higher Education and Innovation of Kyrgyzstan, said that President Xi Jinping proposed that China will establish a China-SCO Basic Education Cooperation Center and is willing to continue building bridges of exchange, mutual learning, and people-to-people connectivity through projects such as Confucius Institutes and Luban Workshops. "The educational cooperation platforms under the SCO framework are becoming increasingly diverse, which will further benefit young students in regional countries and consolidate the talent foundation for the region's long-term development," Isamatova said.
"Providing key intellectual guidance for solving global governance challenges"
President Xi Jinping emphasized at the "SCO Plus" meeting: "SCO member states and partners should grasp the historical trend and shoulder the responsibility of the times. Let us be firmly grounded in a people-centered approach, adhere to an action-oriented principle, jointly advocate an equal and orderly multipolar world, promote more just and equitable global governance, and work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind!"
"In the face of the intertwined and turbulent international situation, President Xi Jinping emphasized jointly advocating an equal and orderly multipolar world and promoting more just and equitable global governance, which effectively responds to the international community's common aspiration for fairness and justice and provides key intellectual guidance for solving global governance challenges." Hamed Vafaei, Director of the Center for Asian Studies at the University of Tehran in Iran, said that the SCO family should join hands to implement the four major global initiatives, strengthen dialogue and cooperation, and jointly promote regional peace and stability.
Shakeel Ramay, CEO of the Asian Institute of Eco-civilization Research and Development in Pakistan, said that at last year's SCO Tianjin Summit, President Xi Jinping solemnly proposed the Global Governance Initiative. This important initiative is transforming from a Chinese proposal into international practice, demonstrating strong vitality and appeal. "President Xi Jinping's important initiatives lead the SCO to contribute greater strength to advancing an equal and orderly multipolar world."
Kim Pheng, Director of the Institute for International Relations at the Royal Academy of Cambodia, said: "President Xi Jinping pointed out that 'in recent years, the Global South has grown remarkably, driving profound adjustments in the international balance of power, and the trend toward a multipolar world is irreversible.' The SCO is an important force in improving global governance. At the juncture of the SCO's 25th anniversary, all parties should vigorously promote the common values of all humanity, unite and expand the 'SCO Plus' partners, and promote the growth and strengthening of the Global South."
Vansay Thammavong, former Deputy Head of the Propaganda and Training Board of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party Central Committee, said that after 25 years of development, the SCO has become an important force for maintaining regional peace and stability. In July this year, Laos became a member of the SCO family. The influence and radiation of the "SCO Plus" model are continuously strengthening, which will effectively promote the development of the global governance system toward a more just and equitable direction and promote peace and development in the region and the world.
(Our reporters Qu Pei, Zhao Yipu, Li Qiang, Xie Yahong, Qu Song, Bishkek and Beijing, September 1)
Return to TopOn September 1, before departing for Cairo for a state visit to Egypt, President Xi Jinping published a signed article titled "Seventy Years of Sharing Weal and Woe, Striving Vigorously on a New Journey" in Egypt's Al-Ahram, Al-Akhbar, and Al-Gomhuria newspapers, which drew warm responses in Egypt. Egyptians from various sectors who were interviewed by our reporters said that President Xi Jinping's visit to Egypt on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the establishment of Egypt-China diplomatic relations will draw a new blueprint for deepening the Egypt-China comprehensive strategic partnership and is of great significance for carrying forward the traditional friendship between the two countries and strengthening exchanges and cooperation between the two countries in various fields.
"Let the fruits of mutually beneficial cooperation benefit the people of both countries in every household"
President Xi Jinping pointed out in his signed article that the two sides should deepen the alignment of development strategies, jointly build the Belt and Road with high quality, actively tap cooperation potential, expand space for practical cooperation, and inject inexhaustible impetus into China-Egypt mutually beneficial cooperation.
Nahla, CEO of Egypt TEDA Special Zone Development Company, which is responsible for the investment and operation of the second phase of the China-Egypt Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone, said that President Xi Jinping mentioned in his signed article the China-Egypt Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone jointly inaugurated with President Sisi 10 years ago, "which deeply inspires and greatly encourages every one of us working in the cooperation zone." Over the past 10 years, the cooperation zone has grown into a modern industrial new town, attracting more than 200 enterprises, with cumulative investment exceeding 4.7 billion US dollars, directly creating more than 10,000 jobs for Egypt, with a localization employment ratio exceeding 90 percent, helping Egypt accelerate its modernization process.
The Central Business District project of Egypt's New Administrative Capital is undertaken by the Egypt branch of China State Construction Engineering Corporation, including the "Africa's tallest building" landmark tower at 385.8 meters. "This is the 'flower of dreams' nurtured by the joint efforts of the Egyptian and Chinese teams," said Yasser, deputy manager of the project's engineering department who participated in the construction. Participating in this landmark project has been an important experience in his career. "I hope Egypt-China cooperation can further expand from major infrastructure projects to fields such as artificial intelligence, digitalization, and renewable energy."
Omar, an official of Egypt's Ministry of Transport, said that the first intercity electrified light rail in Africa mentioned by President Xi Jinping in his signed article, which connects the new eastern city of Cairo, industrial zones, and the New Administrative Capital, is a landmark achievement of Egypt-China infrastructure cooperation. "Egypt-China cooperation is not an abstract concept, but trains running every day and roads people walk on to and from work." Omar expressed his expectation that the two countries will continue to deepen cooperation in transportation, industry, energy, digital economy, and other fields.
"President Xi Jinping mentioned in his signed article that Egypt is an important trade and investment partner of China in the Arab world and Africa." Diaa Helmy, a member of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs and secretary-general of the Egypt-China Chamber of Commerce, said that in recent years, Chinese enterprises have been deeply cultivating the Egyptian market, and China's direct investment in Egypt has been continuously expanding, fully reflecting the depth of economic and trade cooperation between the two countries. "Chinese enterprises have brought advanced technology, provided job opportunities, and enhanced Egypt's export capacity to the world. The two countries continue to expand cooperation space in various fields, letting the fruits of mutually beneficial cooperation benefit the people of both countries in every household."
"Further deepen exchanges and mutual learning between the two civilizations and promote the sustained and stable development of bilateral relations"
President Xi Jinping pointed out in his signed article that China and Egypt, two ancient civilizations, should promote the view of civilization featuring equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness, practice the Global Civilization Initiative, actively safeguard humanity's cultural heritage, and jointly promote the harmonious coexistence of different civilizations.
"President Xi Jinping has once again published a signed article in Egyptian media including Al-Ahram. We are honored to be witnesses to the profound friendship between Egypt and China." Sami Kamhawi, deputy editor-in-chief of Egypt's Al-Ahram, said that in recent years, the number of Egyptian students going to China for further study has continued to grow, and more and more Chinese students are coming to Egypt to study; various cultural exchange activities have been held in both Egypt and China, and a large number of Arab-Chinese cultural and academic achievements have been translated in both directions. "President Xi Jinping's visit will further deepen exchanges and mutual learning between the two civilizations and promote the sustained and stable development of bilateral relations," Kamhawi said.
"President Xi Jinping's state visit to Egypt is of far-reaching significance for promoting exchanges and mutual learning between Egyptian and Chinese civilizations." Abbas, an Egyptian tour guide who has long been engaged in Egypt-China cultural exchange work, said, "The world is facing many complex challenges, and we need to listen to different voices and understand the meaning of diversity more than ever before. This is precisely the important significance of cultural exchange."
Saleh, a staff member of the Grand Egyptian Museum, said that President Xi Jinping mentioned in his signed article that the Grand Egyptian Museum and other sites have attracted large numbers of Chinese tourists to "check in." "More and more Chinese tourists are coming to Egypt, learning about local history, culture, and ways of life through exchanges with Egyptian people." Saleh said he looks forward to President Xi Jinping's visit further promoting exchanges and cooperation between the two countries in education, archaeology, and other fields, and promoting people-to-people bonds between Egypt and China.
Alaa Mandouh Akef, an Egyptian young sinologist and assistant professor at the School of Foreign Languages of Peking University, said that from cultural relic exhibitions to joint archaeology, from heritage protection to academic research, Egypt-China people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation have continued to deepen and solidify. President Xi Jinping's emphasis on the importance of civilization exchanges in his signed article points the way for Egyptian and Chinese cultural workers. "The in-depth dialogue between the two great civilizations of Egypt and China not only demonstrates the diversity of world civilizations, but also embodies the significance of exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. Different civilizations enhance mutual understanding through equal exchanges and joint research, providing intellectual inspiration for the development of human society."
"Enhanced coordination between the two countries will play a greater role in promoting regional peace and development"
President Xi Jinping emphasized in his signed article that China is willing to work with Egypt to expand the demonstration effect of mature China-Egypt cooperation, give full play to Egypt's unique geographical advantage of connecting the Arab world and radiating across the African continent, deeply implement the "five cooperation frameworks" for China-Arab cooperation and the ten partnership actions for China and Africa to jointly advance modernization, and promote China-Arab and China-Africa cooperation to keep pace with the times and proceed steadily and far.
"Seventy years ago, the establishment of diplomatic relations between Egypt and China opened the door for friendly cooperation between Arab and African countries and China; 70 years later today, the two countries are jointly exploring how to extend this precious friendship to a more distant future." Huda, deputy editor-in-chief of Egypt's Rose al-Yusuf magazine, said, "President Xi Jinping's signed article reviews the journey of Egypt and China sharing weal and woe over the 70 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations, and also looks toward the broad future, which is of far-reaching significance for bilateral relations and regional development."
"Over the 70 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations, Egypt-China relations have weathered international vicissitudes and maintained stable development." Sawi, an Egyptian expert on China affairs, said, "The stable, healthy, and sustained development of bilateral relations is of far-reaching significance for deepening Arab-China and Africa-China cooperation and plays an important role in uniting Global South countries."
Ali Shifni, vice president of the Egyptian-Chinese Friendship Association, said that the Egyptian and Chinese sides firmly defend the international system with the United Nations at its core, the international order based on international law, and the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and are committed to safeguarding true multilateralism. "Egypt plays an important bridging role in the development of Arab-China and Africa-China relations. Egypt-China cooperation not only benefits both sides bilaterally, but also radiates to the surrounding region."
Derabik, an Egyptian expert on China affairs, said that President Xi Jinping proposed in his signed article that the two countries should "march forward side by side and be pioneers in upholding fairness and justice," reflecting the common responsibility of Egypt and China as Global South countries. "Facing the current complex international environment, Egypt and China should continue to practice true multilateralism, uphold international fairness and justice, and safeguard regional peace and stability. Enhanced coordination between the two countries will play a greater role in promoting regional peace and development," Derabik said.
(Our Cairo, September 1 — Reporters Yang Yi, Huang Peizhao, Shen Xiaoxiao, Huan Xiang, Zhou Zhuan, Ren Haoyu, Dai Kairan)
Return to TopBishkek, September 1 (Reporters Yang Xuebo (杨学博) and Chen Shihan (陈世涵)) — On the morning of September 1 local time, President Xi Jinping attended the 26th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization member states in Bishkek.
The meeting was chaired by Japarov, President of Kyrgyzstan, the rotating presidency state of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Participants included Lukashenko, President of Belarus, Modi, Prime Minister of India, Pezeshkian, President of Iran, Tokayev, President of Kazakhstan, Shehbaz Sharif, Prime Minister of Pakistan, Putin, President of Russia, Rahmon, President of Tajikistan, and Mirziyoyev, President of Uzbekistan — all SCO member states — as well as Yermekbayev, Secretary-General of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, among others.
Xi Jinping posed for a group photo with the leaders of SCO member states, and subsequently attended the meeting of the Council of Heads of State and delivered an important speech titled "Promoting the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to Achieve Higher-Quality Development." (Full text on Page 2)
Xi Jinping pointed out that this year marks the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Twenty-five years ago, in the face of the profound lessons of the Cold War, the real threat of the "three forces" (三股势力) and the eager aspirations of the people of all countries for peace and development, safeguarding sovereignty, security and development interests became a universal consensus of regional countries. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization therefore 应运而生 (yìng yùn ér shēng - "to arise in response to the times," to emerge at an opportune moment) and has increasingly demonstrated strong vitality.
Over the past 25 years, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has traversed an extraordinary journey. Its most significant development achievement is that it has step by step become a new type of regional cooperation organization in the world with the largest territory, the largest population and enormous development potential; its most precious spiritual asset is the pioneering proposal and consistent adherence to the "Shanghai Spirit" (上海精神) of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for the diversity of civilizations and the pursuit of common development; its most important cooperation experience is finding the correct path of coexistence of non-alignment, non-confrontation and non-targeting of any third party, and promoting regional countries to join hands in building a common home.
Today, 25 years later, major global transformations unseen in a century are accelerating, with intense rivalry between dialogue and confrontation, win-win and zero-sum, multilateralism and unilateralism, and the shadow of war has not receded. Standing at a crossroads concerning the future and destiny of humanity, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization should bravely shoulder historical responsibility and take the initiative to steer the course of history.
Xi Jinping put forward a four-point proposal.
First, adhere to a development-first approach and create prospects for common prosperity. Advocate universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, consolidate cooperation in traditional fields such as trade and investment, connectivity, energy and resources, expand cooperation in emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, digital economy, green industries and green minerals, and promote regional cooperation to go deeper, deliver more solid results, and be upgraded in quality. China regards the Shanghai Cooperation Organization as a priority region for high-quality Belt and Road cooperation and the implementation of the Global Development Initiative, and will continue to host events such as the SCO Digital Economy Forum and the Agricultural Expo, build an International AI Application Cooperation Center for SCO countries, establish the China-SCO Port Economy Cooperation Center (中国—上海合作组织口岸经济合作中心) in Tianjin, and jointly implement 100 science and technology cooperation projects with SCO countries in the next three years.
Second, adhere to prioritizing security and create an environment of universal security. Address traditional and non-traditional security threats in a coordinated manner, combat the "three forces," transnational organized crime, drug trafficking and telecom fraud, strengthen security cooperation in the information, biological and outer space domains, and strictly guard against external forces interfering in the internal affairs of all countries, endangering political security and undermining regional stability. China is willing to work with all parties to practice the common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security concept, and build the Shanghai Cooperation Organization into an important platform for practicing the Global Security Initiative. China supports the early launch of the SCO's "four security centers" (四个安全中心) to enhance the capacity of member states to respond to security threats and challenges.
Third, adhere to a people-centered approach and cultivate a deep foundation for friendship between generations. Take into comprehensive account the characteristics of each country's history and culture, social system and development stage, build cooperation networks of legislative bodies, political parties, schools, think tanks, enterprises and media, promote people-to-people exchanges, and inject vitality into the good-neighborly friendship of member states. China is willing to work with all parties to implement the Global Civilization Initiative, and supports the SCO Good-Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation Committee and other people-to-people friendship institutions in playing a greater role. China will establish the China-SCO Basic Education Cooperation Center (中国—上海合作组织基础教育合作中心), and is willing to continue to build bridges for exchange, mutual learning and people-to-people connectivity through projects such as Confucius Institutes and Luban Workshops.
Fourth, adhere to dialogue and consultation and improve fair and orderly governance. Uphold the equality of all countries regardless of size, uphold the joint discussion of regional affairs and the seeking of common ground while resolving differences, properly handle contradictions and differences through dialogue and consultation, and respond to common challenges through multilateral coordination. China supports the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in carrying out exemplary cooperation in practicing the Global Governance Initiative, and proposes to continue improving the SCO's operating mechanisms and enhancing the efficiency of decision-making and implementation. China welcomes more 志同道合 (zhì tóng dào hé - "same aspirations, same path," like-minded) countries to become partners and jointly participate in improving regional and global governance.
Xi Jinping stressed that China is willing to work with all parties to continue to hold high the banner of the "Shanghai Spirit," implement the Shanghai Cooperation Organization's development strategy for the next 10 years, strive to achieve higher-quality development, and make greater contributions to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
The leaders of the participating member states fully affirmed the development achievements of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization over the past 25 years, and held that the SCO has provided important safeguards for regional security and prosperity and become one of the cornerstones of global stability and economic development. All parties appreciated the important contribution made by China, as a founding member state, to promoting the organization's development, and agreed to actively implement the strategic blueprint of the 2025 Tianjin Summit, continue to carry forward the "Shanghai Spirit," improve institutional building, enhance political mutual trust, deepen cooperation in trade, investment, science and technology, energy, finance, industrial and supply chains, connectivity and other fields, enhance people-to-people connectivity, jointly respond to new types of security challenges, and write a new chapter of lasting peace and common development. Facing an international situation where change and turbulence are intertwined, SCO member states should unite and coordinate, enhance the organization's influence, promote the building of a more just and reasonable global governance system, and play a greater role in the peace, stability and prosperity of the region and the world.
The leaders of the member states signed and issued the Bishkek Declaration of the 25th Anniversary of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, approved the protocol on amending and supplementing the SCO Charter, the regulations of the Comprehensive Center for Addressing Security Threats and Challenges, and the regulations of the Anti-Drug Center, and adopted 28 outcome documents on strengthening security, economic and people-to-people and cultural cooperation and organizational development.
The meeting decided that Pakistan will take over the rotating presidency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization for the 2026-2027 term.
Cai Qi, Wang Yi and others participated in the above activities.
Bishkek, September 1 — Reporters Wang Fang (王芳) and Qu Pei (屈佩). On the afternoon of September 1 local time, President Xi Jinping attended the "Shanghai Cooperation Organization+" meeting in Bishkek and delivered an important speech titled "Jointly Advocate Equal and Orderly World Multipolarity and Realize More Just and Reasonable Global Governance." (Full text on Page 2)
Xi Jinping pointed out that this meeting focused on strengthening the role of the United Nations and building a multipolar world, demonstrating the Shanghai Cooperation Organization's era responsibility to reform and improve global governance. At present, the world's century-old transformation is accelerating, and hegemonism, unilateralism, and protectionism are moving against the current; but the vast majority of countries do not endorse power politics, do not want conflict and confrontation, and are unwilling to be closed and backward. Instead, they expect to have an equal place on the world stage through their own development and international cooperation. In recent years, the Global South has grown remarkably, driving profound adjustments in the international balance of power; the general trend of world multipolarity is irreversible. What kind of multipolarity does the world need? How should countries participate in and promote multipolarity? The international community should build consensus and make correct choices that withstand the test of practice and history.
Xi Jinping stressed that China, as a responsible major country, actively advocates equal and orderly world multipolarity. Sovereign equality and mutual respect are the fundamental principles; balance and order, and adherence to the rule of law, are the inevitable requirements; multilateralism, dialogue, and consultation are the key paths; and mutual benefit and win-win, and universal benefit and inclusiveness, are the direction of development. It is necessary to uphold that all countries, regardless of size, strength, or wealth, should enjoy equal rights, equal opportunities, and equal rules. Global South countries are an important component of the multipolar structure and a key force in advancing multipolarity; they should enhance their representation and voice in international affairs. It is necessary to promote the common values of all humanity, discard double standards, exceptionalism, interference and bullying, and the law of the jungle, and advance the rule of law in international relations. Major countries in particular should take the lead in observing rules and upholding the rule of law, and cooperatively address global challenges. It is necessary to uphold that the affairs of the world should be handled by all countries through consultation, and that international rules should be jointly formulated by all countries. The authority and vitality of the United Nations need to be reinvigorated, and various global and regional multilateral mechanisms need to be more coordinated and efficient. It is necessary to focus on development issues, uphold openness and cooperation, bridge the digital and intelligence divide, and let the technological revolution and development achievements benefit the people of all countries.
Xi Jinping pointed out that after 25 years of development, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has successfully established a model for relations between major countries, between neighboring countries, and between large and small countries, and has successfully pooled the development synergy of nearly half of the world's population and one quarter of the world's economic aggregate. A more united and more vibrant Shanghai Cooperation Organization is fully capable of contributing greater strength to advancing world multipolarity. All parties should grasp the historical trend, shoulder the responsibilities of the era, ground themselves in a people-centered approach, adhere to an action orientation, jointly advocate equal and orderly world multipolarity, promote the realization of more just and reasonable global governance, and work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
Xi Jinping put forward three suggestions on giving better play to the role of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization.
First, drive the prosperity and shared revitalization of the Eurasian continent with "SCO strength." Continue to leverage advantages and tap potential, connect multiple growth poles of the Eurasian continent through high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, empower each other and achieve together, jointly create opportunities, and share prosperity.
Second, promote the development and growth of the Global South with "SCO wisdom." Carry forward the "Shanghai Spirit," unite and expand "Shanghai Cooperation Organization+" partners, and jointly speak up for peace, pool strength for development, build bridges for cooperation, and pave the way for win-win outcomes.
Third, lead the reform and improvement of global governance with "SCO action." Adhere to partnership rather than alliance, dialogue rather than confrontation; adhere to extensive consultation, joint contribution, and shared benefits; and promote equal participation and universal benefit of all countries in global governance.
Japarov, President of Kyrgyzstan, the rotating presidency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, chaired the meeting. Lukashenko, President of Belarus; Modi, Prime Minister of India; Pezeshkian, President of Iran; Tokayev, President of Kazakhstan; Shehbaz Sharif, Prime Minister of Pakistan; Putin, President of Russia; Rahmon, President of Tajikistan; and Mirziyoyev, President of Uzbekistan, SCO member states; leaders of other invited countries including Mongolia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Egypt, Laos, Turkey, Vietnam, and Togo; and heads of international and regional organizations including United Nations Secretary-General Guterres, attended the meeting.
Before the meeting began, Xi Jinping attended the welcome banquet hosted by Japarov for the heads of delegations attending the meeting and had a group photo taken. Cai Qi, Wang Yi, and others participated in the above activities.
Return to TopOn the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (hereinafter referred to as the "SCO"), the leaders of the member states convened the meeting of the Council of Heads of State, reaffirming their commitment to abide by the purposes and principles of the SCO Charter, further enhancing good-neighborliness and friendship, and carrying out comprehensive and efficient cooperation, and hereby issue the following declaration:
Since its founding, the SCO has successfully traversed the historical stage of institutional development and concept-building, and has now become an internationally recognized and rapidly developing multilateral organization, with its role in international and regional affairs growing day by day.
Over the past 25 years, the SCO has built a solid legal foundation, established efficient cooperation mechanisms, and set the strategic direction for the long-term development of the organization.
The member states highly commend the achievements made by the SCO in safeguarding regional security and stability, responding to various threats and challenges, promoting economic and social development, and deepening exchanges and cooperation in the fields of culture, sports, science and technology, and education.
The member states remain committed to consolidating the unity of the organization and implementing the tasks and goals set forth in the SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years (2026–2035).
The member states emphasize that the SCO is a non-military political bloc, does not target any country or international organization, and conducts its activities in the spirit of openness, non-interference in internal affairs, equality, and mutual respect.
The member states welcome all countries, international organizations, and multilateral institutions that are willing and do not harm the interests of the SCO and its member states to cooperate with the SCO, and believe that the "SCO Plus" cooperation model helps to build a broad and inclusive global partnership.
The member states particularly emphasize that it is very important to strengthen dialogue between the SCO and the United Nations and its specialized agencies in order to maintain peace, promote sustainable development, and advance people-to-people and cultural cooperation.
The member states believe that the "Shanghai Spirit," characterized by mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for the diversity of civilizations, and the pursuit of common development, is of vital importance.
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The member states note that global geopolitics is undergoing profound evolution, and economic, social, and scientific and technological development is undergoing profound transformation. At present, the international situation remains complex and volatile, conflicts continue unabated, challenges in energy and food security are prominent, global markets are in turmoil, and the climate change situation is increasingly severe.
The member states reaffirm that they will always abide by the universally recognized principles and norms of international law established by the Charter of the United Nations, and strengthen the role of the United Nations in safeguarding international peace and security, achieving sustainable development, and building a more representative, more democratic, and more just multipolar world. The member states are committed to making greater contributions to improving the international system.
The member states welcome the declaration by the United Nations General Assembly of 2027 to 2036 as the "Decade of Peace for Future Generations."
The member states will deepen cooperation within the SCO framework and lay the foundation for building an equal and indivisible security architecture in the Eurasian region.
The member states advocate reforming and improving the global governance system, including formulating corresponding rules and norms, to ensure that all countries participate equally, make decisions equally, and benefit equally in global governance.
The member states oppose resolving international and regional issues through bloc politics and confrontational thinking, and advocate the peaceful resolution of differences and disputes between countries.
The member states advocate building a world of lasting peace and call for coordinated responses to traditional and non-traditional security threats and challenges.
The member states reaffirm that promoting the building of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation, and a community with a shared future for mankind, as well as conducting dialogue in accordance with the concept of "One Earth, One Home, One Future," is of important practical significance.
The member states call upon the international community to jointly participate in the SCO Initiative on World Unity for Justice, Harmony and Development.
The member states believe that Central Asia is the core zone of the SCO and welcome the achievements of regional countries in consolidating peace and sustainable development. To this end, the member states welcome the Republic of Tajikistan's holding of high-level meetings on relevant themes every year.
The member states will continue to resolutely defend the outcomes of the Second World War, and remember and oppose the falsification of history.
The member states support preventing the weaponization of outer space and believe that strict compliance with the existing legal system for the peaceful use of outer space is of vital importance.
The member states believe that it is necessary to sign an international instrument with mandatory legal force to enhance transparency and provide strong guarantees for preventing an arms race in outer space.
The member states reaffirm that the unilateral and unrestricted strengthening of global missile defense systems by individual countries or groups of countries will jeopardize international security and stability, and consider it unacceptable to seek one's own security at the expense of the security of other countries.
The member states express concern over the growing threats in the field of information security, and resolutely oppose the militarization of information and communications technology and threats to the security of critical information infrastructure.
The member states believe that it is very important to ensure that all countries enjoy equal rights in Internet governance and possess cyber sovereignty.
The member states believe that providing satellite Internet services in the territory of member states without the corresponding permission or approval of the competent authorities of the host country violates international law in the field of telecommunications.
The member states emphasize the key role of the United Nations in the field of international information security, support the continued development, within the United Nations framework and on a voluntary basis, of universally accepted norms of responsible state behavior in international information security, call for joint efforts to promote the signing and ratification of the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime, and will continue to improve mechanisms for combating cybercrime within the SCO framework.
The member states emphasize resolutely combating the use of the Internet for terrorist, separatist, and extremist activities, and will strengthen cooperation in safeguarding international information security, information protection, and combating new types of crime.
The member states point out that it is necessary to ensure the safe and responsible application of artificial intelligence technology, and that the abuse of artificial intelligence technology to deliberately harm human life and health, as well as to undermine the national sovereignty, security, and territorial integrity of countries, is not permitted.
To this end, the parties emphasize the importance of signing the Memorandum of Understanding among SCO Member States in the Field of Artificial Intelligence.
The SCO member states that are States Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (July 1, 1968) advocate abiding by the provisions of the Treaty, comprehensively and in a balanced manner promoting the implementation of all its purposes and principles, advancing the global nuclear disarmament process, consolidating the global nuclear non-proliferation system, and emphasize that the research, production, and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is an inalienable right of all states, and that equal and sustainable international mutually beneficial cooperation should be conducted without discrimination. The member states emphasize that no restrictive measures that violate international law should be imposed in this field.
The member states note that the establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones by relevant regional states on the basis of voluntary consensus makes an important contribution to strengthening the nuclear non-proliferation regime and advancing nuclear disarmament, welcome the 20th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone in Central Asia, and emphasize that the continued implementation of the Treaty is of great significance for enhancing regional security, mutual trust, and cooperation.
To this end, the member states note the importance of issuing the Declaration of the SCO Council of Heads of State on Strengthening Multilateral Partnership for Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security.
The member states call upon States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention to fully implement the Convention, making it an effective legal instrument in the field of disarmament and non-proliferation. The member states reaffirm their support for the work of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.
The member states note that the Biological Weapons Convention is of great significance in improving global biosecurity governance and advocate abiding by the Convention.
To this end, the member states emphasize the importance of strengthening international cooperation in this field, including exploring the possibility of establishing an international biosecurity agency.
The member states express grave concern over the developments in the Middle East region and around the Islamic Republic of Iran, and reaffirm the SCO's condemnation of the military strikes on Iranian territory, which caused a large number of civilian casualties and serious damage to the country's economy.
Such acts violate the Charter of the United Nations and the principles and norms of international law, and pose serious risks to world peace, security, and stability.
The member states extend sincere condolences to the government and people of Iran on the unfortunate passing of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ali Khamenei, and also extend sincere condolences to the families of the other victims.
The member states reaffirm their support for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Islamic Republic of Iran, advocate the resolution of conflicts by political and diplomatic means, and welcome all efforts conducive to de-escalating the situation in the region.
The member states note that only a comprehensive and just resolution of the Palestinian question can achieve peace and stability in the Middle East.
The member states reaffirm their commitment to helping Afghanistan become an independent, neutral, peaceful country free of terrorism, war, and drugs, and support the efforts of the international community to promote peace, stability, and development in Afghanistan.
The member states reaffirm that the formation of a truly inclusive government with broad participation of representatives of all ethnic groups and political factions of Afghan society is the only way to achieve lasting peace and stability in Afghanistan.
II
The member states reaffirm their firm determination to combat terrorism, separatism, and extremism, and will not allow the use of terrorism, separatism, and extremism for selfish gains, emphasizing the key role played by sovereign states and their competent authorities in preventing terrorist and extremist threats.
The member states consider it unacceptable to stigmatize the state organs and institutions of SCO member states, and emphasize that such acts violate international law and undermine the principles of sovereign equality and non-interference in the internal affairs of states enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations.
The member states strongly condemn terrorism in all its forms and manifestations, resolutely oppose double standards in counter-terrorism, call upon the international community to abide by the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, give play to the central role of the United Nations, fully implement the relevant resolutions of the United Nations Security Council and the United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy, jointly combat terrorism and all terrorist organizations, curb the cross-border movement of terrorists, and emphasize the great significance of adopting the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism by consensus.
The member states emphasize that the SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure plays an important and positive role in the process of SCO development and institution-building, and highly commend its contributions in coordinating cooperation among member states in combating terrorism, separatism, and extremism, and in organizing joint counter-terrorism exercises and other related operations.
The member states note the importance of the work of the Meeting of Ministers of Public Security and Internal Affairs of SCO member states, and that the signing of the Protocol on Amendments to the Agreement between the Governments of SCO Member States on Cooperation in Combating Crime of June 11, 2010, helps to better respond to new threats and new challenges.
The member states reaffirm the importance of strengthening cooperation in addressing global drug problems in accordance with the existing international drug control legal framework, and will not permit the use of narcotic drugs for non-medical purposes or the legalization of drugs, and will further enhance drug control capacity to build a "drug-free society."
The member states support further strengthening cooperation in combating the illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, and their precursors in accordance with the documents adopted in the field of drug control within the SCO, systematically advancing drug prevention work and reducing drug dependence, and regularly conducting special operations such as the "Spider Web" anti-drug operation and the "Drug-Free World" drug prevention operation.
The member states welcome the adoption and implementation of the SCO Member States Cooperation Program on Drug Abstinence and Rehabilitation through 2030 and the SCO Member States Measures Program on Joint Response to the Spread of Synthetic Drugs and Their Precursors through 2030.
The member states welcome the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding between the SCO Secretariat and the Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre for Combating Illicit Trafficking of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and their Precursors, and advocate continuing to deepen international drug control cooperation.
The member states note that it is necessary to further strengthen the institutional development of the SCO in the security field, enhance the level of coordination among competent agencies, and provide analysis and support for the adoption of various decisions.
The member states have approved the Regulations of the SCO Member States Comprehensive Center for Responding to Security Threats and Challenges (which includes a Center for Information Security and a Center for Combating Transnational Organized Crime) and the Regulations of the Executive Committee of the SCO Anti-Drug Center. The member states believe that the early substantive operation of the above-mentioned standing bodies will help further strengthen SCO coordination in relevant fields.
The member states believe that coordination between defense departments should be deepened, and that the regular holding of the "Peace Mission" joint counter-terrorism exercises and other practical cooperation in the defense field should continue, so as to consolidate peace and security in the SCO region.
The member states support the implementation of the Roadmap for Strengthening Cooperation between the Defense Departments of SCO Member States in the Military Field, believe that strengthening mutual trust and transparency is of great significance, and will continue consultations on the Agreement between SCO Member States on Confidence Measures in the Military Field.
The member states will follow the principle of the supremacy of the rule of law, respect the legal systems of all countries, further deepen legal and judicial cooperation, and deepen exchanges and dialogue among the supreme courts, supreme procuratorates, and judicial departments of all countries.
III
The member states note that the SCO region plays a leading role in the world economy and in safeguarding global sustainable development, advocate further reforming and improving the global economic governance system, will firmly uphold and strengthen an open, transparent, fair, inclusive, and non-discriminatory multilateral trading system based on universally recognized principles and rules, promote the development of the world economy, and ensure fair market access and special and differential treatment for developing countries.
The member states oppose unilateral coercive measures that violate the Charter of the United Nations and other norms of international law and the principles and rules of the WTO, as such practices undermine international security guarantees in the food, energy, humanitarian, and other fields, and impact the global economy.
The member states will continue to implement the SCO Economic Development Strategy through 2030, deepen economic cooperation, expand the scale of trade, and promote trade balance; maintain the stability of regional industrial and supply chains; promote the sustainable economic development of all countries; and help build a broad, open, mutually beneficial, and equal cooperation architecture in the Eurasian region.
The Republic of Belarus, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan, and the Republic of Uzbekistan reaffirm their support for the Belt and Road Initiative proposed by the People's Republic of China, and affirm the work done by all parties to jointly implement the Belt and Road Initiative, including promoting the alignment of the Belt and Road with the Eurasian Economic Union.
The member states advocate further developing cooperation in the field of antitrust and strengthening practical coordination among competent authorities.
The member states believe that e-commerce plays a positive role in deepening regional economic and trade cooperation, and will improve cross-border e-commerce infrastructure, reduce transaction costs, enhance mutual trust among business entities in the SCO region, strengthen consumer protection through digital technologies, and formulate unified online solutions for cross-border e-commerce disputes.
The member states will continue to advance cooperation in priority areas of customs, improve customs management systems, and carry out cooperation in building smart customs.
The member states emphasize that cooperation in the field of transportation should be further deepened, including unleashing the transit transport potential of SCO member states, building new and renovating existing international highways and railways, creating multimodal transport corridors and logistics centers, and promoting digital, innovative, and energy-saving technologies.
The member states support expanding inclusive and mutually beneficial cooperation in the energy field, continuously enhancing the resilience of energy industrial and supply chains, and promoting the sustainable, stable, and balanced development of a non-discriminatory global energy market. The member states will continue to implement the SCO Member States Energy Cooperation Development Strategy through 2030.
The member states note that cooperation in the industrial field is playing an increasingly important role and will jointly promote the development of mutually beneficial partnerships in this field.
The member states emphasize that cooperation in the field of standardization is of great significance for reducing technical barriers in areas of common interest, and support the establishment of contacts between the standardization departments of SCO member states.
The member states will continue to deepen cooperation in the fields of agriculture and food security, support agricultural technology exchanges and agricultural talent cultivation, and carry out cooperation in crop breeding and cultivation.
The member states will strengthen cooperation in animal and plant inspection and quarantine, agricultural product and food safety, expand agricultural product trade, and strengthen international cooperation in preventing the spread of epidemics and diseases and eliminating their impact.
The member states reaffirm their commitment to building a leading position for the SCO region in the field of innovation, will promote the building of a close-knit SCO startup ecosystem, and create synergies through the development of infrastructure and the implementation of support policies for innovative enterprises of member states.
The member states emphasize that cooperation in the financial field plays an important role in the economic growth of the SCO region, and relevant member states should continue to work to implement the Roadmap for Expanding the Share of Local Currency Settlements among SCO Member States.
The member states support the reform of international financial institutions to increase the representation and voice of developing countries in the governing bodies of international financial institutions such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Monetary Fund.
The member states will continue to conduct practical dialogue on strengthening financial cooperation within the framework of the SCO Interbank Consortium. The member states advocate resolving as soon as possible the issue of the authorized bank of Iran joining the SCO Interbank Consortium.
The member states note that during the presidency of the Kyrgyz Republic, relevant member states made positive progress on the establishment of the SCO Development Bank, and emphasize the importance of continuing to advance work in this field.
The member states emphasize the importance of further deepening investment cooperation and advocate making good use of existing SCO cooperation mechanisms and platforms.
The member states will strengthen subnational exchanges and fully tap the potential of the SCO Forum of Heads of Regions.
The member states will promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, highly commend the important contributions made by the SCO Business Council to promoting SCO economic and trade cooperation, and will continue to leverage its potential to expand multilateral practical cooperation.
IV
The member states support cooperation in the field of environmental protection, responding to the adverse impacts of climate change, welcome the adoption of environmentally friendly technologies and innovative solutions, and the implementation of projects for biodiversity conservation and the restoration and protection of natural ecosystems.
The member states note the great significance of the signing of the SCO Member States Council of Heads of State Initiative on Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management and the Joint Action Plan for its Implementation (2026–2031), and the Memorandum of Understanding between the Governments of SCO Member States on Cooperation in Responding to Climate Change.
The member states take note of the initiative to hold the Second Global Mountain Summit "Bishkek+25" in 2027.
The member states positively assess cooperation in the field of emergency disaster response, and will improve cooperation in early warning of emergencies, joint emergency response, and post-disaster reconstruction.
The member states note that the important role of tourism in promoting economic development is increasingly prominent, as it helps expand mutual trade, enhance transportation connectivity, attract investment, create employment opportunities, and improve regional competitiveness.
The member states highly commend the contribution of Cholpon-Ata of the Kyrgyz Republic, as the "SCO Tourism and Cultural Capital 2025–2026," to exploring the tourism potential of the region and deepening cultural cooperation.
The member states welcome the announcement of Lahore of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan as the "SCO Tourism and Cultural Capital 2026–2027."
The member states are willing to deepen cooperation in the field of healthcare, enhance the level of cooperation in emergency medicine, telemedicine, traditional medicine, and primary health care, prevent and respond to infectious disease threats and potential epidemics, and provide people with equitable, accessible, systematic, continuous, high-quality, and efficient healthcare services.
The member states support the proposal to establish a platform for dialogue on SCO health governance experience.
The member states affirm the role of the mechanism of the Meeting of Heads of Health and Epidemic Prevention Departments of SCO member states, believing that this mechanism helps SCO countries conduct equal dialogue on responding to regional infectious disease threats.
The member states emphasize that cooperation in the field of education should be further deepened, inter-school exchanges and academic exchanges should be expanded, and the cultivation of professional talents should be strengthened in light of national conditions and development needs of each country.
The member states believe that promoting the development of the SCO University and making it an important practical cooperation mechanism in the field of education within the SCO is of great significance.
The member states reaffirm that cooperation in science, technology, and innovation should be strengthened, including fully engaging young people through means such as regularly holding the SCO Young Scientists Forum.
The member states welcome the proposal to establish a dialogue platform between the national academies of sciences of member states and the heads of institutions responsible for higher basic scientific research.
The member states reaffirm the universality, indivisibility, interdependence, and interrelatedness of human rights, respect human rights and fundamental freedoms, oppose double standards on human rights issues, and oppose interference in the internal affairs of other countries under the pretext of protecting human rights.
The member states reaffirm their commitment to protecting the rights of women and children in the fields of education, health, society, and access to legal aid, and to consolidating the family institution.
The member states support the development of regular cooperation on a voluntary basis among the departments, state organs, and other organizations responsible for human rights affairs of SCO member states.
The member states emphasize that the SCO region is the birthplace of ancient civilizations, world and traditional religious beliefs, and a treasure trove of the outstanding cultural and scientific achievements and rich spiritual heritage of the peoples of the member states, and that the above achievements have become an inseparable part of the common historical wealth of mankind.
The member states note the vigorous development of cooperation in the field of culture and support the holding of various international cultural activities by SCO member states.
The member states emphasize the significance of the 200th anniversary of the birth of Leo Tolstoy and the 100th anniversary of the birth of Chingiz Aitmatov, and support the initiative to hold relevant events within the SCO framework in 2028, commemorating the immeasurable contributions of the two outstanding writers to world literature, the promotion of humanistic values, and the strengthening of people-to-people and cultural exchanges among countries.
The member states emphasize that inter-civilizational and intercultural dialogue should be conducted to promote mutual respect, tolerance, and mutual learning among the peoples of all countries, and to protect and promote the rich tangible and intangible cultural heritage. To this end, the member states welcome the holding of the SCO Forum on Civilizations in India in the autumn of 2026, and take note of the significance of the International Day for Dialogue among Civilizations.
The member states note that the preservation and promotion of tangible and intangible cultural heritage should fully respect the culture and history of the member states.
The member states will continue to expand people-to-people and cultural exchanges, continuously enhance mutual understanding among peoples through people-to-people diplomacy, and carry out fruitful cooperation.
The member states will continue to deepen exchanges in the field of youth, and highly commend the work of the SCO Youth Council. The member states note that the SCO Youth Writers Forum, the Meeting of Young Leaders and Young Talents, the SCO International Youth Scientists Camp, and the SCO Youth Exchange Camp and SCO Youth Development Forum play a positive role in enhancing people-to-people exchanges among SCO countries.
The member states emphasize that further strengthening sports cooperation is of great significance, support the holding of international sports events within the SCO framework, and close friendly exchanges among sports associations and peoples of member states. The member states support the promotion of traditional and ethnic sports.
The member states welcome the holding of the Sixth World Nomad Games in the Kyrgyz Republic.
V
The member states highly commend the achievements of the Kyrgyz Republic during its presidency of the SCO from 2025 to 2026. Under the motto "SCO 25th Anniversary: Together Toward Sustainable Peace, Development and Prosperity," the presidency made important contributions to enhancing the international prestige of the organization, strengthening institutional capacity-building, and expanding cooperation in various fields.
The Islamic Republic of Pakistan will assume the next presidency of the SCO, and the next meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the SCO member states will be held in Pakistan in 2027.
The member states believe that the SCO, having entered a new stage of development, will continue to enrich the outcomes of cooperation in various fields in accordance with the SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years (2026–2035), and further enhance the role of the organization in international affairs.
On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the founding of the SCO, the heads of state of the member states issue this declaration and solemnly state that the SCO will continue to firmly practice its original aspiration and mission, and make important contributions to maintaining regional peace and stability and achieving security and prosperity for all countries.
President of the Republic of Belarus — Lukashenko
Prime Minister of the Republic of India — Modi
President of the Islamic Republic of Iran — Pezeshkian
President of the Republic of Kazakhstan — Tokayev
President of the People's Republic of China — Xi Jinping
President of the Kyrgyz Republic — Japarov
Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan — Shehbaz
President of the Russian Federation — Putin
President of the Republic of Tajikistan — Rahmon
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan — Mirziyoyev
September 1, 2026, Bishkek
(Xinhua News Agency, Bishkek, September 1)
Bishkek, September 1 (Reporters Bai Yang, Song Shuang) — On the morning of September 1 local time, Peng Liyuan, wife of President Xi Jinping, attended the collective spousal event of the 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit hosted by Zaparova, wife of the President of Kyrgyzstan, in Bishkek.
When Peng Liyuan arrived at the Ala-Archa State Residence, Zaparova warmly welcomed her. Peng Liyuan, together with the wives of leaders of relevant countries, viewed an exhibition of Kyrgyz national culture and posed for a group photo, after which they watched an artistic performance at the Yenisei Palace. Peng Liyuan remarked that the performance was truly splendid and the performers highly skilled, and welcomed Kyrgyz artists to visit China more often for performances and exchanges, so that Chinese audiences can experience up close Kyrgyzstan's rich and colorful national culture.
Return to TopAfter the 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Tianjin Summit, the relevant departments and localities of our country actively implemented President Xi Jinping's major initiatives and the important consensus of the Summit, reached multiple cooperation documents, held various activities, and implemented a series of projects with Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries in the political, security, economic, and people-to-people and cultural fields, continuing to contribute to the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization through Chinese actions.
I. Outcome Documents (13 in total)
1. Issued the "Ecological Co-building, Green Together — Ningbo Initiative on Sustainable Development Cooperation among Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries"
2. Adopted the "Progress Report on Multilateral Consultations on the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Development Bank"
3. Adopted the "2026–2027 Action Plan for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Standardization Cooperation"
4. Adopted the "Statutes of the International Mathematical Sciences Center under the Framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization University"
5. Released the "Harbin Roadmap for the China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Doctoral Training Innovation Program"
6. Signed the "Agreement on Credit Recognition for Postgraduate Courses at the China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Doctoral Training Innovation Center"
7. Released the "Action Plan for Further Deepening Media Cooperation among Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries" (2026–2027)
8. Released the "China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization 'Digital New Silk Road' Toolbox (2026)"
9. Compiled the "Compendium of Typical Cases of Digital Economy Cooperation between China and Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries (2026)"
10. Compiled the "List of Key Cooperation Matters in the Digital Economy Field of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (2026–2027)"
11. Released the "China Trade Index for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Member States"
12. Released the "Shanghai Cooperation Organization Development Report (2026)"
13. Published the Blue Book "Shanghai Cooperation Organization Sustainable Development: Jointly Building a Better Homeland"
II. Events Held (100 items in total)
1. Shanghai Cooperation Organization Forum on Green and Sustainable Development
2. Successive meetings of multilateral consultations on the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Development Bank
3. "Tianshan–2026" Joint Cyber Counter-Terrorism Exercise of the Competent Authorities of Shanghai Cooperation Organization Member States
4. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Forum of Presidents of Local Courts (2026)
5. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Roundtable Dialogue on Global Governance
6. China (Shandong)–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Local Economic and Trade Cooperation Conference
7. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Local Economic and Trade Cooperation (Bishkek) Conference
8. China (Shandong)–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Roundtable Meeting on Promoting Local Economic and Trade Cooperation and Industrial Chain and Supply Chain Cooperation Matchmaking Meeting
9. "Export to China · SCO Selected" Imported Commodity Procurement Matchmaking Event
10. "Gathering at SCO, Happy Shopping for Spring Festival" 2026 SCO New Year Goods Festival
11. 2026 China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Digital Technology Cooperation and Development Forum
12. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Green Industry Talent Development Exchange Meeting
13. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Green Industry Cooperation Exchange and Seminar Class
14. Green and Low-Carbon Transformation in the Industrial Field and Climate Change Response Capacity Building Activity for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
15. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Digital Economy Cooperation Platform Development Exchange Activity
16. Second Forum of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Digital Economy University Alliance
17. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation Conference
18. Shanghai Cooperation Organization Agricultural Expo
19. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Modern Agriculture Development Roundtable Meeting
20. Shanghai Cooperation Organization Law University Alliance Forum
21. Shanghai Cooperation Organization Green Energy Academician Forum
22. Conference on Building New-Form High-Quality Teaching Materials for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries to Empower Vocational Education Going Global
23. Crafting Dreams with Ingenuity, Gathering Wisdom from Five Continents — Exhibition of New-Form High-Quality Vocational Education Teaching Materials for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
24. Wisdom Gathering at SCO · 2025 Vocational Education Development Think Tank Forum
25. Shanghai Cooperation Organization Themed Summer Camps (energy, economy, management, and sports fields)
26. First Working Meeting of the First Council of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Vocational Education Equipment R&D and Promotion Alliance
27. Seminar on Industry-Education Integration Supporting the New Energy Vehicle Industry in Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
28. Young Doctoral Students Innovation Exchange Camp of the China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Doctoral Training Innovation Center
29. Seminar of Supreme Audit Institutions of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on Desertification Control and Green Sustainable Development Auditing
30. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Traditional Medicine Forum and Traditional Medicine Industry Conference
31. "SCO Dream Youth Action, Wisdom Connecting the World for International Innovation" International Exchange Activity
32. Series of Exchange Activities on Innovation and Entrepreneurship Cooperation of "Digital Connecting the Future, Wisdom Gathering at SCO" in the China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Digital Economy Cooperation Pilot Zone
33. Exchange and Cooperation Activity for Enterprises "Going Global" in the China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Digital Economy Cooperation Pilot Zone
34. SCO United in Heart, Excellent Teachers Achieving Far — Special Training Activity for Improving the Digital Teaching Capabilities of University Teachers in Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
35. 17th Tianjin International Academic Conference on Acupuncture and Tuina and Launch Meeting of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Traditional Medicine Medical Technology Cooperation and Exchange Training Program
36. 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Dialogue of Civilizations
37. 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Media and Think Tank Summit
38. 2026 SCO Think Tank High-End Forum
39. "Starting Anew from Tianjin: Building a Closer Shanghai Cooperation Organization Community with a Shared Future — Theory and Practice" Seminar
40. "Harmonious Voices Reaching Far, Jointly Embarking on a New Journey" 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries People-to-People and Cultural Exchange Activity
41. 2025 Silk Road Journey of Ten Thousand Miles · SCO Road Activity
42. "Gathering SCO Strength, Sharing Prosperity and Development" — Photo Exhibition Celebrating the 25th Anniversary of the Founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
43. Video Conference Celebrating the 25th Anniversary of the Founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
44. 2026 Visit to China by Media Representatives from Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
45. "Gathering Women's Strength, Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind" Series of Exchange Activities for Women from Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
46. "The Shanghai Cooperation Organization from a Female Perspective: Jointly Building Global Governance Together: A Constructive Force in a Changing World" International Academic Seminar
47. "The Shanghai Cooperation Organization from a Female Perspective: Jointly Seeking Governance" International Academic Seminar
48. Exchange Activity for Young and Mid-Career Military Officers of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
49. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Youth Exchange Camp
50. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Youth Development Forum
51. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Youth Entrepreneurship Seminar
52. Fifth Shanghai Cooperation Organization Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition
53. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Youth Study Camp
54. "The Shanghai Spirit and the Power of Youth Action" International Seminar
55. "Green SCO, Bright Future" Children's Art Exhibition of Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
56. Eighth Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries International Chess Team Competition
57. Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Wushu Sanda Championship and Training Camp
58. 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Go Invitational Tournament
59. 2025 SCO Kunming Marathon
60. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Figure Skating Competition
61. 2025 First Shanghai Cooperation Organization Youth Boxing Invitational Tournament
62. 2026 Second Shanghai Cooperation Organization Cross-Country Skiing Invitational Tournament
63. Shanghai Cooperation Organization Short Track Speed Skating International Invitational Tournament
64. 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization International Curling Invitational Tournament
65. 2025–2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization International Youth U-Series Cross-Country Skiing Challenge
66. 2026 Third Shanghai Cooperation Organization Snow Football Competition
67. The director of the Chinese-selected film "A Letter to Grandma" won the Best Director Award at the 2026 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Film Festival
68. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Counter-Terrorism Training Class
69. 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Drug Control Training Class
70. Training Class for Enhancing the Capacity of Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries in Maintaining Stability and Handling Emergencies
71. Advanced Training Class on Legal Services for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
72. Training Class for Legal Professionals from Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
73. "SCO Tree" Digital Technology Talent Training
74. Shanghai Cooperation Organization Counter-Terrorism Cooperation Training Class
75. Training Class on the Cooperative Development of New Quality Productive Forces for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
76. Training Class on Aquaculture Development and Climate Change for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
77. Training Class on Ice and Snow Equipment and Ice and Snow Industry Development for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Member States and "Belt and Road" Countries
78. Training Class on Airport Operations and Safety Management for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
79. Training Class for Education Managers of Luban Workshops from Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Visiting China
80. Training Class for Leading Talents in Energy Cooperation among Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
81. Training Class on Innovation and Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
82. Advanced Training Class on Media Operations for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
83. Training Class on Agricultural Industry Development and Poverty Reduction for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
84. Training Class on Tax Business Environment and Taxpayer Services for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries, African Countries, and Arab Countries
85. Training Class for Officials in Import and Export Food Inspection and Food Safety from Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
86. Training Class on Low-Carbon Development and Carbon Neutrality Pathways for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
87. E-Commerce Training Class for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
88. Training Class on Digital Economy Capacity Building for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
89. Training Class for Improving the Capabilities of Chinese Language Teachers in Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
90. Training Class on Intelligent Public Transportation and Green City Sustainable Development for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
91. Training Class for Enhancing the Leadership of Senior Executives of State-Owned Enterprises in Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
92. Training Class on International Cooperation in Ecological and Environmental Protection for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
93. Training Class for Young Media Professionals from Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
94. Training Class for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries on Learning from China's Experience in Improving the Investment Environment
95. Training Class on Capacity Building for Humanitarian Assistance Work in Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
96. Training Class on New Technologies for Desertification Control and Oasis Ecological Agriculture for Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
97. Training Class on Regional Economic and Trade Cooperation for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
98. Training Class for Officials in Entry-Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine from Shanghai Cooperation Organization Member States and Central Asian Countries
99. Series of Training Classes on Capacity Building for Women in Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
100. Training Class on Traditional Medicine Medical Technology Cooperation and Exchange for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
III. Projects Implemented (40 items in total)
1. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Energy Cooperation Platform
2. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Green Industry Cooperation Platform
3. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Digital Economy Cooperation Platform
4. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Higher Education Cooperation Center
5. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Vocational and Technical Education Cooperation Center
6. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation Center
7. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Metabolic Disease Cooperation Center
8. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Artificial Intelligence Application Cooperation Center
9. Initiative to Establish the China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Port Economy Cooperation Center
10. Initiative to Establish the China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Basic Education Cooperation Center
11. Action Plan for the High-Quality Development of Economic and Trade Cooperation between China and Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
12. Provision of 2 billion RMB in grant assistance to relevant member states
13. Implementation of 100 "small and beautiful" livelihood projects in member states with needs
14. Provision of 10,000 human resources training and research places in the next five years (September 2025 to September 2030)
15. Implementation of newly added "ten million kilowatts of photovoltaic" and "ten million kilowatts of wind power" projects together with Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries
16. Active development of capacity building in the energy field together with Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries
17. Advancement of the Phase II Project of the China–Eurasia Economic Cooperation Fund
18. Operation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Cross-Border Data Comprehensive Service Platform
19. Establishment of an intergovernmental regular exchange mechanism for closed-door ministerial meetings of Shanghai Cooperation Organization member states (digital economy cooperation)
20. Implementation of the openKylin open-source operating system project for Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries
21. Support for multilateral scientific research cooperation projects of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
22. Signing, within the framework of the Council of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Interbank Consortium, of a loan agreement for a 1 billion RMB credit project between the China Development Bank and Kyrgyzstan's Eldik Bank
23. Digital Model Room of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries Digital Education Alliance — "Boundless Academy"
24. International Exchange Program for Outstanding Doctoral Students and Integrated Digital Education Platform of the China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Doctoral Training Innovation Center
25. Joint Research Project on Land Desertification Governance by the Supreme Audit Institutions of Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
26. "Small and beautiful" projects empowering women and girls in Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries
27. Implementation of the "Health Express International Bright Journey" activity for Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries
28. China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization "Love Journey" Congenital Heart Disease Surgery Project
29. "Cancer Prevention, Healthy SCO Journey" special exchange activities in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan
30. Demonstration Project on the Transfer, Transformation, and Application of Intelligent Advanced Laser Processing Technology in Shanghai Cooperation Organization Countries
31. "SCO, Youth in Action" Convergence Media Project
32. Upgrade Project of the "China–Shanghai Cooperation Organization Media Cooperation Zone" on the International Communication Global Exchange Platform
33. Launch of the series of special reports "Decoding Chinese Modernization" for mainstream media in Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries
34. Documentary "Harmony and Shared Future — A Review of the 25th Anniversary of the Founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization"
35. "Shanghai Cooperation Organization Influence" Global Public Opinion Survey
36. "SCO Time" News Product Service Package
37. Joint production with mainstream media of Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries of the documentary series "Mountains and Rivers Intertwined" and "Jointly Building Our Homeland"
38. "Ping Yu Jin Ren — Xi Jinping's Favorite Allusions" (multilingual edition) Launch Activity in Shanghai Cooperation Organization countries
39. "CMG Aerial Channel SCO Theme Broadcast" Activity
40. "China Time" — "SCO Time" Television Program
(Xinhua News Agency, Bishkek, September 1)
Return to TopMember states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (hereinafter referred to as the "SCO"),
Based on historical bonds, a century-old tradition of good-neighborliness, and mutual respect,
Declare their commitment to the SCO Charter, the Charter of the United Nations, and the universally recognized principles and norms of international law, including respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, and non-interference in internal affairs,
Adhering to the "Shanghai Spirit" of "mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diversity of civilizations, and pursuit of common development,"
Confirm that the responsibility for nuclear security rests entirely with the state concerned, and note that the responsibility for nuclear safety rests with the operators of nuclear facilities and the states in which such facilities are located,
Attach great importance to nuclear safety and nuclear security issues, which are important elements of international security directly affecting the lives of the peoples of SCO member states,
Express deep concern over the illicit trafficking of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances, threats against nuclear facilities and infrastructure (including computer security), and the risk of nuclear terrorism,
Recognize the need to create conditions to prevent the malicious use of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances,
Taking into account the significant importance of the development of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy for the economic growth, energy security, and technological progress of member states,
Emphasizing the importance of constructive strengthening of regional cooperation in raising the level of nuclear security,
In the spirit of seeking the well-being of humanity, both present and future,
Hereby adopt this Declaration.
I. General Provisions
SCO member states confirm that nuclear safety and nuclear security within their territories are priority matters closely related to ensuring regional sustainability, stability, and the long-term development of member states.
Member states resolutely condemn any attack or threat of attack against peaceful nuclear facilities, consider such acts to be in violation of international law, and call for the avoidance of such actions that pose a threat to international peace and security.
Member states consider it necessary to take effective measures to prevent nuclear and radiation emergencies, ensure the physical security of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances and related facilities, and strengthen coordination to prevent the illicit trafficking of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances.
The enhancement of mutual trust among member states and the conduct of constructive dialogue are key conditions for raising the level of nuclear safety and nuclear security and reducing risks associated with the use of nuclear technology.
Member states support effective coordination to prevent the malicious use of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances.
Member states note the importance of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy in accordance with universally recognized norms of international law and domestic legislation.
Member states attach particular importance to deepening multilateral cooperation in the timely notification of, response to, and assistance (upon request) in nuclear and radiation emergencies, including information sharing, joint exercises, personnel training, and the development of specialized cooperation mechanisms.
Member states confirm that strengthening nuclear safety and nuclear security not only safeguards the safety of the public and enhances the resilience of critical infrastructure, but also contributes to strengthening mutual trust within the SCO and globally.
Member states consider that the earliest possible full entry into force of the Protocol to the Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone in Central Asia will make an important contribution to ensuring regional security and strengthening the international regime of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.
Member states support the contribution of developing countries to strengthening international cooperation in nuclear safety and nuclear security.
II. Cooperation in Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security
Member states plan to strengthen cooperation in nuclear safety and nuclear security through the following measures:
Developing cooperation among national regulatory authorities, including the exchange of experience, best practices, and technical approaches in the fields of nuclear safety and nuclear security.
Strengthening domestic control mechanisms for nuclear materials and other radioactive substances, improving accounting and control systems, and preventing leakage, illicit trafficking, theft, or misuse.
Advancing joint educational, scientific research, and technological projects, upgrading peaceful nuclear infrastructure, strengthening the physical protection of facilities, optimizing radioactive waste management, and developing radiation monitoring systems.
Expanding cooperation in the exchange of advanced practices and experience in the safe operation of nuclear facilities, including prevention and maintenance and the development of modern automated control systems.
Carrying out joint actions for the safe disposal of radioactive waste, developing environmentally friendly technologies for radioactive waste disposal, and implementing innovative solutions that can reduce risks to human health and the ecological environment.
Conducting exercises, training, and practical activities among the competent authorities of member states to enhance the level of capability in responding to potential nuclear and radiation emergencies.
Strengthening early warning systems, sharing technical data, predictive models, and analytical information in real time where necessary, optimizing the effectiveness of emergency response, while ensuring the confidentiality and security of sensitive information.
Promoting the establishment of scientific research platforms focused on developing innovative technologies and solutions to improve the safety level of the nuclear industry and strengthen the scientific and technological potential of SCO member states.
Encouraging scientific and technological cooperation aimed at improving the safety level of nuclear facilities, perfecting radiation monitoring technologies, and reducing risks to the public and the environment.
Relying on leading professional institutions of member states, developing national programs for the training and retraining of personnel in the fields of nuclear safety and nuclear security.
III. Member states reaffirm their readiness to expand partnerships with all countries, international and regional organizations committed to strengthening nuclear safety and nuclear security. Specialized action plans (or programs) may be developed to implement this Declaration.
Believing that the development of multilateral cooperation and the strengthening of confidence-building mechanisms in the fields of nuclear safety and nuclear security will help ensure peace, stability, and sustainable development in the Asian and European regions. The above efforts will make an important contribution to consolidating nuclear safety and nuclear security.
Member states emphasize that this Declaration reflects their common position on creating a safe and predictable environment in the field of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, addressing threats to nuclear safety and nuclear security, and developing technologies aimed at benefiting all of humanity.
September 1, 2026 Bishkek
(Xinhua News Agency, Bishkek, September 1)
We, the heads of state of the member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (hereinafter referred to as the "SCO");
Adhering to the purposes and principles of the SCO Charter, as well as the universally recognized principles and norms of international law;
Reaffirming our commitment to the "Shanghai Spirit," which is embodied in mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for the diversity of civilizations, and the pursuit of common development;
Noting that natural, man-made, public health, social security, and other types of emergencies, including earthquakes, floods, mudslides, avalanches, forest and grassland fires, droughts, epidemics, accidents, and disasters, cause serious damage to human life and health, the environment, infrastructure, and the economies of all countries;
Expressing concern over the growth in the number and scale of emergencies, as well as the increasing need for the rapid provision of humanitarian assistance to affected countries and affected populations;
Emphasizing the importance of SCO member states strengthening solidarity, mutual support, and coordinated cooperation to rapidly respond to emergencies and mitigate their consequences;
Emphasizing the importance of establishing effective, transparent, and coordinated mechanisms for the mobilization, coordination, and delivery of humanitarian assistance;
Noting the initiative of the Kyrgyz Republic on establishing a mechanism for providing humanitarian assistance to countries affected by emergencies, while also noting the proposal of the Russian Federation on establishing a reserve fund of resources within the SCO to respond to the consequences of international crises and emergencies;
We hereby declare:
The SCO member states will take the following actions:
Prioritize the provision of humanitarian assistance to SCO member states affected by natural, man-made, public health, social security, and other types of emergencies, upon the official request of the SCO member states or with their consent;
Provided that appropriate capabilities exist, provide humanitarian assistance to other countries affected by emergencies through SCO coordination mechanisms, while, on the basis of the principles of voluntary participation of member states, consensus decision-making, and compliance with the laws of each country, study the establishment of humanitarian assistance mechanisms, including agreed procedures for the coordination, mobilization, and delivery of assistance;
Improve mechanisms for the rapid exchange of information on emergencies, the scale of losses, the primary needs of affected countries, and the capacity to provide assistance;
Continue to study the practical operational issues concerning the implementation of this Declaration;
Conduct joint exercises, joint training, and other activities aimed at enhancing the level of preparedness for emergency assistance, subject to consensus among the SCO member states and in accordance with the domestic legislation of each member state;
Cooperate with international and regional organizations, including relevant agencies of the United Nations system, to coordinate efforts and exchange experience in the field of humanitarian relief.
The implementation of the provisions of this Declaration does not create obligations for SCO member states to make additional financial contributions or to establish a separate budget. This Declaration will help strengthen the role of the SCO as an effective regional mutual assistance platform, a platform for solidarity and collective emergency response.
September 1, 2026 Bishkek
(Xinhua News Agency, Bishkek, September 1)
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 1 — On the afternoon of September 1, Premier Li Qiang of the State Council met at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing with a delegation to China led by McCain, board chairman of the US-China Business Council.
Li Qiang stated that over the years, the US-China Business Council has been committed to promoting China-US relations and economic and trade cooperation, playing an important role. Thanks to the joint efforts of both sides, the bilateral relationship has at present maintained overall stability. In May this year, President Xi Jinping and President Trump held a meeting in Beijing and reached a series of important common understandings. China is willing to work together with the United States, following the strategic guidance of the two heads of state, to strengthen dialogue and communication, expand mutually beneficial cooperation, properly manage differences, promote the building of a constructive and strategically stable China-US relationship, and strive for more practical results.
Li Qiang pointed out that a comprehensive view of the development of international economic and trade cooperation today yields some important insights: it can be said that win-win cooperation is the general trend, respect and understanding are the foundation, and meeting each other halfway is the key. The essence of China-US economic and trade relations is mutual benefit and win-win outcomes; strengthening cooperation is the internal need of both sides and also the correct choice. Looking at the world, China may be the only market rich in potential that combines the two characteristics of "large" and "new," especially with the rapid growth of high-quality, upgraded consumption such as smart consumption and green consumption. American enterprises are welcome to actively seize opportunities and intensify efforts to explore and cultivate the Chinese market. China-US economic and trade cooperation has a large volume, and it is normal for some contradictions and frictions to arise. As long as both sides respect and understand each other and strengthen communication and consultation, solutions can always be found. China is willing to actively promote the resolution of the reasonable demands of American enterprises operating in China, safeguard a fair competition market environment in accordance with the law, and also hopes that the US side will meet China halfway, take concrete actions to address China's concerns, and jointly implement the outcomes of the bilateral economic and trade consultations. It is hoped that the US-China Business Council will continue to exert its influence, guide all sectors in the United States to view China's development rationally and objectively, and promote the stable, healthy, and sustainable development of China-US relations.
McCain and other American participants stated that the US-China relationship is the most important bilateral relationship in today's world. The successful meeting between the two heads of state has provided stable expectations for bilateral economic and trade cooperation and injected certainty into world economic development. The American business community is full of confidence in China's implementation of the 15th Five-Year Plan and its economic development prospects, and will continue to cultivate the Chinese market, expand investment in China, and firmly serve as a long-term partner in China's development and a constructive force in US-China relations. The US-China Business Council is willing to play a bridging role, enhance mutual understanding, mutual trust, and cooperation between the two sides, and promote the development of a constructive and strategically stable relationship between the two countries.
Wu Zhenglong attended the meeting.
Return to TopOn the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (hereinafter referred to as the "SCO"), the heads of state of the member states convened a meeting of the Council of Heads of State and reaffirmed their commitment to abide by the purposes and principles of the SCO Charter, further enhance good-neighborliness and friendship, and carry out comprehensive and efficient cooperation. They hereby issue the following declaration:
Since its founding, the SCO has successfully traversed the historical stage of institutional development and concept-building, and has now become an internationally recognized and rapidly developing multilateral organization, with its role in international and regional affairs growing day by day.
Over the past 25 years, the SCO has built a solid legal foundation, established efficient cooperation mechanisms, and set the strategic direction for the organization's long-term development.
The member states highly commend the achievements of the SCO in safeguarding regional security and stability, responding to various threats and challenges, promoting economic and social development, and deepening exchanges and cooperation in the fields of culture, sports, science and technology, and education.
The member states remain committed to consolidating the unity of the organization and implementing the tasks and goals set forth in the SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years (2026–2035).
The member states emphasize that the SCO is a non-military political bloc, does not target any country or international organization, and conducts its activities in accordance with the principles of openness, non-interference in internal affairs, equality, and mutual respect.
The member states welcome all countries, international organizations, and multilateral institutions that are willing and do not harm the interests of the SCO and its member states to cooperate with the SCO, and believe that the "SCO Plus" cooperation model helps to build a broad and inclusive global partnership.
The member states particularly emphasize that strengthening dialogue between the SCO and the United Nations and its specialized agencies is of great importance for maintaining peace, promoting sustainable development, and advancing people-to-people and cultural cooperation.
The member states believe that the "Shanghai Spirit" (上海精神) — mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for the diversity of civilizations, and the pursuit of common development — is of vital importance.
I
The member states note that global geopolitics is undergoing profound evolution, and economic, social, and scientific and technological development is undergoing profound transformation. At present, the international situation remains complex and volatile, conflicts continue unabated, challenges in energy and food security are prominent, global markets are in turmoil, and the climate change situation is increasingly severe.
The member states reaffirm that they will always abide by the universally recognized principles and norms of international law established by the Charter of the United Nations, and strengthen the role of the United Nations in safeguarding international peace and security, achieving sustainable development, and building a more representative, more democratic, and more just multipolar world. The member states are committed to making greater contributions to improving the international system.
The member states welcome the proclamation by the United Nations General Assembly of 2027 to 2036 as the "Decade of Peace for Future Generations."
The member states will deepen cooperation within the SCO framework and lay the foundation for building an equal and indivisible security architecture in the Eurasian region.
The member states advocate reforming and improving the global governance system, including formulating corresponding rules and norms, to ensure that all countries participate equally in global governance, make decisions on an equal footing, and benefit equally.
The member states oppose resolving international and regional issues through bloc politics and confrontational thinking, and advocate the peaceful resolution of differences and disputes between states.
The member states advocate building a world of lasting peace and call for coordinated responses to traditional and non-traditional security threats and challenges.
The member states reaffirm that promoting a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation, and building a community with a shared future for mankind, as well as conducting dialogue in accordance with the concept of "one earth, one home, one future," are of important practical significance.
The member states call upon the international community to jointly participate in the SCO Initiative on World Unity for Justice, Harmony and Development.
The member states believe that Central Asia is the core zone of the SCO and welcome the achievements of regional countries in consolidating peace and sustainable development. To this end, the member states welcome the Republic of Tajikistan's holding of high-level meetings on relevant themes every year.
The member states will continue to resolutely defend the outcomes of the Second World War, and remember and oppose the falsification of history.
The member states support preventing the weaponization of outer space and believe that strict compliance with the existing legal system for the peaceful use of outer space is of vital importance.
The member states believe that it is necessary to conclude an international instrument with mandatory legal force to enhance transparency and provide strong guarantees for preventing an arms race in outer space.
The member states reaffirm that the unilateral and unrestricted strengthening of global missile defense systems by individual countries or groups of countries will jeopardize international security and stability, and consider it unacceptable to seek one's own security at the expense of the security of other countries.
The member states express concern over the growing threats in the field of information security, and resolutely oppose the militarization of information and communication technologies and threats to the security of critical information infrastructure.
The member states believe that it is important to ensure that all countries enjoy equal rights in internet governance and possess cyber sovereignty.
The member states believe that providing satellite internet services within the territory of a member state without the corresponding permission or approval of the competent authorities of that state violates international law in the field of telecommunications.
The member states emphasize the key role of the United Nations in the field of international information security, support the continued development, within the United Nations framework and on a voluntary basis, of universally accepted norms of responsible behavior in international information security, call for joint efforts to promote the signing and ratification of the United Nations Convention against Cybercrime, and will continue to improve mechanisms for combating cybercrime within the SCO framework.
The member states emphasize resolute efforts to combat the use of the internet for terrorist, separatist, and extremist activities, and will strengthen cooperation in safeguarding international information security, information protection, and combating new types of crime.
The member states point out that it is necessary to ensure the safe and responsible application of artificial intelligence technologies, and that the abuse of artificial intelligence technologies to deliberately harm human life and health, as well as to undermine the national sovereignty, security, and territorial integrity of states, is not permitted.
To this end, the parties emphasize the importance of signing the Memorandum of Understanding among the SCO Member States on Artificial Intelligence.
The SCO member states that are parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (July 1, 1968) advocate strict compliance with the provisions of the Treaty, comprehensive and balanced implementation of all its purposes and principles, advancement of the global nuclear disarmament process, and consolidation of the global nuclear non-proliferation regime. They emphasize that the research, production, and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes is an inalienable right of all states, and that equal, sustainable, and mutually beneficial international cooperation should be conducted without discrimination. The member states emphasize that no restrictive measures that violate international law should be imposed in this field.
The member states note that the establishment of nuclear-weapon-free zones by relevant regional states on the basis of voluntary consensus makes an important contribution to strengthening the nuclear non-proliferation regime and advancing nuclear disarmament. They welcome the 20th anniversary of the signing of the Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone in Central Asia and emphasize that continued implementation of the Treaty is of great significance for enhancing regional security, mutual trust, and cooperation.
To this end, the member states note the importance of issuing the Declaration of the SCO Council of Heads of State on Strengthening Multilateral Partnership for Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security.
The member states call upon the States Parties to the Chemical Weapons Convention to fully implement the Convention, making it an effective legal instrument in the field of disarmament and non-proliferation. The member states reaffirm their support for the work of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.
The member states note that the Biological Weapons Convention is of great significance in improving global biosecurity governance and advocate strict compliance with the Convention.
To this end, the member states emphasize the importance of strengthening international cooperation in this field, including exploring the possibility of establishing an international biosecurity agency.
The member states express serious concern over developments in the Middle East region and around the Islamic Republic of Iran, and reaffirm the SCO's condemnation of military strikes against Iranian territory, which have caused a large number of civilian casualties and serious damage to the country's economy.
Such acts violate the Charter of the United Nations and the principles and norms of international law, and pose serious risks to world peace, security, and stability.
The member states extend sincere condolences to the government and people of Iran on the tragic passing of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ali Khamenei, and also extend sincere condolences to the families of the other victims.
The member states reaffirm their support for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Islamic Republic of Iran, advocate the resolution of conflicts by political and diplomatic means, and welcome all efforts conducive to de-escalating the situation in the region.
The member states note that only a comprehensive and just resolution of the Palestinian question can achieve peace and stability in the Middle East.
The member states reaffirm their commitment to helping Afghanistan become an independent, neutral, peaceful country, free of terrorism, war, and drugs, and support the efforts of the international community to promote peace, stability, and development in Afghanistan.
The member states reaffirm that the formation of a truly inclusive government with broad participation of representatives of all ethnic groups and political factions of Afghan society is the only path to lasting peace and stability in Afghanistan.
II
The member states reaffirm their firm commitment to combating terrorism, separatism, and extremism, and will not allow the exploitation of terrorism, separatism, and extremism for selfish gains. They emphasize the key role of sovereign states and their competent authorities in preventing terrorist and extremist threats.
The member states consider it unacceptable to stigmatize the state organs and institutions of SCO member states, and emphasize that such practices violate international law and undermine the principles of sovereign equality and non-interference in the internal affairs of states as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations.
The member states strongly condemn terrorism in all its forms and manifestations, resolutely oppose double standards in counter-terrorism, and call upon the international community to abide by the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, give play to the central role of the United Nations, fully implement the relevant resolutions of the United Nations Security Council and the United Nations Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy, jointly combat terrorism and all terrorist organizations, and curb the cross-border movement of terrorists. They emphasize the great significance of adopting the Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism by consensus.
The member states emphasize that the SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) plays an important and active role in the development and growth of the SCO, and highly commend its contributions to coordinating cooperation among member states in combating terrorism, separatism, and extremism, and organizing joint counter-terrorism exercises and other related operations.
The member states note the importance of the work of the Meeting of Ministers of Public Security and Internal Affairs of the SCO member states, and believe that the signing of the Protocol on Amendments and Additions to the Agreement between the Governments of the SCO Member States on Cooperation in Combating Crime of June 11, 2010, will help better respond to new threats and new challenges.
The member states reaffirm the importance of strengthening cooperation in addressing global drug problems in accordance with existing international drug control laws, and will not permit the use of narcotic drugs for non-medical purposes or the legalization of drugs. They will further enhance drug control capacity and build a "drug-free society."
The member states support further strengthening cooperation in combating the illicit trafficking of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, and their precursors, systematically advancing drug prevention efforts and reducing drug dependence, and regularly conducting special operations such as the "Spider Web" (蛛网) anti-drug operation and the "Drug-Free World" (无毒世界) drug prevention operation, in accordance with the documents adopted in the SCO drug control field.
The member states welcome the adoption and implementation of the SCO Member States Cooperation Program on Drug Abstinence and Rehabilitation through 2030 and the SCO Member States Measures Program for Cooperation in Countering the Spread of Synthetic Drugs and Their Precursors through 2030.
The member states welcome the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding between the SCO Secretariat and the Central Asian Regional Information and Coordination Centre for Combating Illicit Trafficking of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and their Precursors, and advocate continued deepening of international drug control cooperation.
The member states note the need to further strengthen the institutional development of the SCO in the security field, enhance the level of coordination among competent agencies, and provide analysis and support for the adoption of various decisions.
The member states have approved the Regulations on the SCO Member States Comprehensive Center for Responding to Security Threats and Challenges (which includes a Center for Information Security and a Center for Combating Transnational Organized Crime) and the Regulations on the Executive Committee of the SCO Drug Control Center. The member states believe that the early substantive operation of the above-mentioned standing bodies will help further strengthen SCO coordination in the relevant fields.
The member states believe that cooperation between defense departments should be deepened, and that the regular conduct of the "Peace Mission" (和平使命) joint counter-terrorism exercises and other practical cooperation in the defense field should continue, so as to consolidate peace and security in the SCO region.
The member states support the implementation of the Roadmap for Strengthening Cooperation between the Defense Departments of the SCO Member States in the Military Field, believe that strengthening mutual trust and transparency is of great significance, and will continue consultations on the Agreement on Confidence-Building Measures in the Military Field among the SCO Member States.
The member states will adhere to the principle of the rule of law, respect the legal systems of all countries, further deepen legal and judicial cooperation, and deepen exchanges and dialogue among the supreme courts, supreme procuratorates, and judicial departments of all countries.
III
The member states note that the SCO region plays a leading role in the world economy and in safeguarding global sustainable development, advocate further reform and improvement of the global economic governance system, and will firmly uphold and strengthen an open, transparent, fair, inclusive, and non-discriminatory multilateral trading system based on universally recognized principles and rules, promote the development of the world economy, and ensure fair market access and special and differential treatment for developing countries.
The member states oppose unilateral coercive measures that violate the Charter of the United Nations and other norms of international law and the principles and rules of the WTO. Such practices undermine international security guarantees in the food, energy, and humanitarian fields and impact the global economy.
The member states will continue to implement the SCO Economic Development Strategy through 2030, deepen economic cooperation, expand the scale of trade, and promote trade balance; maintain the stability of regional industrial and supply chains; promote the sustainable economic development of all countries; and help build a broad, open, mutually beneficial, and equal cooperation architecture in the Eurasian region.
The Republic of Belarus, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan, and the Republic of Uzbekistan reaffirm their support for the Belt and Road Initiative proposed by the People's Republic of China, and acknowledge the work done by all parties to jointly implement the Belt and Road Initiative, including promoting the alignment of the Belt and Road with the Eurasian Economic Union.
The member states advocate further cooperation in the field of antitrust and strengthening practical coordination among competent authorities.
The member states believe that e-commerce plays a positive role in deepening regional economic and trade cooperation, and will improve cross-border e-commerce infrastructure, reduce transaction costs, enhance mutual trust among business entities in the SCO region, strengthen consumer protection through digital technologies, and develop unified online solutions for cross-border e-commerce disputes.
The member states will continue to advance cooperation in priority areas of customs, improve customs management systems, and carry out cooperation in building smart customs.
The member states emphasize that cooperation in the field of transportation should be further deepened, including unleashing the transit transport potential of SCO member states, building new and upgrading existing international highways and railways, creating multimodal transport corridors and logistics centers, and promoting digital, innovative, and energy-saving technologies.
The member states support expanding inclusive and mutually beneficial cooperation in the energy sector, continuously enhancing the resilience of energy industrial and supply chains, and promoting the sustainable, stable, and balanced development of a non-discriminatory global energy market. The member states will continue to implement the SCO Member States Energy Cooperation Development Strategy through 2030.
The member states note that cooperation in the industrial sector is playing an increasingly important role and will jointly promote the development of mutually beneficial partnerships in this field.
The member states emphasize that cooperation in the field of standardization is of great significance for reducing technical barriers in areas of common interest, and support the establishment of contacts between the standardization departments of the SCO member states.
The member states will continue to deepen cooperation in the fields of agriculture and food security, support agricultural technology exchanges and agricultural talent cultivation, and carry out cooperation in crop breeding and cultivation.
The member states will strengthen cooperation in animal and plant inspection and quarantine, agricultural product and food safety, expand agricultural product trade, and strengthen international cooperation in preventing the spread of epidemics and diseases and eliminating their impact.
The member states reaffirm their commitment to building a leading position for the SCO region in the field of innovation, and will promote the building of a close-knit SCO startup ecosystem, creating synergies through the development of infrastructure and the implementation of support policies for innovative enterprises of the member states.
The member states emphasize that cooperation in the financial sector plays an important role in the economic growth of the SCO region, and the relevant member states should continue their work to implement the Roadmap for Increasing the Share of Local Currency Settlements among the SCO Member States.
The member states support the reform of international financial institutions with a view to increasing the representation and voice of developing countries in the governing bodies of international financial institutions such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the International Monetary Fund.
The member states will continue practical dialogue on strengthening financial cooperation within the framework of the SCO Interbank Consortium. The member states advocate the early resolution of the issue of the authorized Iranian bank joining the SCO Interbank Consortium.
The member states take note of the positive progress made by the relevant member states on the establishment of the SCO Development Bank during the Kyrgyz Republic's presidency, and emphasize the importance of continuing to advance work in this area.
The member states emphasize the importance of further deepening investment cooperation and advocate making good use of the existing SCO cooperation mechanisms and platforms.
The member states will strengthen subnational exchanges and fully tap the potential of the SCO Forum of Heads of Regions.
The member states will promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, highly commend the important contributions of the SCO Business Council to promoting SCO economic and trade cooperation, and will continue to leverage its potential to expand multilateral practical cooperation.
IV
The member states support cooperation in the field of environmental protection, respond to the adverse effects of climate change, welcome the adoption of environmentally friendly technologies and innovative solutions, and implement projects for the protection and restoration of biodiversity and natural ecosystems.
The member states note the great significance of the signing of the SCO Member States Heads of State Council Initiative on Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Management and the Joint Action Plan for its Implementation (2026–2031), and the Memorandum of Understanding between the Governments of the SCO Member States on Cooperation in Addressing Climate Change.
The member states take note of the initiative to hold the Second Global Mountain Summit "Bishkek+25" in 2027.
The member states positively assess cooperation in the field of disaster emergency response, and will improve cooperation in early warning of emergencies, joint emergency response, and post-disaster reconstruction.
The member states note that the important role of tourism in promoting economic development is increasingly prominent, as it helps expand mutual trade, enhance transport connectivity, attract investment, create employment opportunities, and improve regional competitiveness.
The member states highly commend the contribution of Cholpon-Ata, Kyrgyz Republic, as the "SCO Tourism and Cultural Capital 2025–2026" to exploring the tourism potential of the region and deepening cultural cooperation.
The member states welcome the proclamation of Lahore, Islamic Republic of Pakistan, as the "SCO Tourism and Cultural Capital 2026–2027."
The member states are willing to deepen cooperation in the field of healthcare, enhance the level of cooperation in emergency medicine, telemedicine, traditional medicine, and primary health care, prevent and respond to infectious disease threats and potential epidemics, and provide people with equitable, accessible, systematic, continuous, high-quality, and efficient healthcare services.
The member states support the proposal to establish a platform for dialogue on SCO health governance experience.
The member states affirm the role of the meeting mechanism of heads of health and epidemic prevention departments of the SCO member states, believing that this mechanism helps SCO countries conduct equal dialogue on responding to regional infectious disease threats.
The member states emphasize that cooperation in the field of education should be further deepened, inter-school exchanges and academic exchanges should be expanded, and the training of professional talents should be intensified in light of national conditions and development needs.
The member states believe that promoting the development of the SCO University and making it an important practical cooperation mechanism in the SCO education field is of great significance.
The member states reaffirm that cooperation in science, technology, and innovation should be strengthened, including fully engaging young people through such means as regularly holding the SCO Young Scientists Forum.
The member states welcome the proposal to establish a dialogue platform between the national academies of sciences of the member states and the heads of institutions responsible for basic scientific research in higher education.
The member states reaffirm the universality, indivisibility, interdependence, and interrelatedness of human rights, respect human rights and fundamental freedoms, oppose double standards on human rights issues, and oppose interference in the internal affairs of other countries under the pretext of protecting human rights.
The member states reaffirm their commitment to protecting the rights of women and children in the fields of education, health, society, and access to legal aid, and to consolidating the institution of the family.
The member states support the conduct of regular cooperation on a voluntary basis among the departments responsible for human rights affairs, state organs, and other organizations of the SCO member states.
The member states emphasize that the SCO region is the birthplace of ancient civilizations, world and traditional religious beliefs, and a treasure trove of the outstanding cultural and scientific achievements and rich spiritual heritage of the peoples of the member states. These achievements have become an inseparable part of the common historical wealth of mankind.
The member states note the vigorous development of cooperation in the field of culture and support the holding of various international cultural activities by the SCO member states.
The member states emphasize the significance of the 200th anniversary of the birth of Leo Tolstoy and the 100th anniversary of the birth of Chingiz Aitmatov, and support the initiative to hold relevant events within the SCO framework in 2028, in commemoration of the immeasurable contributions of these two outstanding writers to world literature, the promotion of humanistic values, and the strengthening of people-to-people and cultural exchanges among countries.
The member states emphasize that inter-civilizational and intercultural dialogue should be conducted to promote mutual respect, tolerance, and mutual learning among the peoples of all countries, and to protect and promote the rich tangible and intangible cultural heritage. To this end, the member states welcome the holding of the SCO Forum on Civilizations in India in the autumn of 2026, and take note of the significance of the International Day for Dialogue among Civilizations.
The member states note that the preservation and promotion of tangible and intangible cultural heritage should fully respect the culture and history of the member states.
The member states will continue to expand people-to-people and cultural exchanges, continuously enhance mutual understanding among peoples through people-to-people diplomacy, and carry out fruitful cooperation.
The member states will continue to deepen exchanges in the field of youth, and highly commend the work of the SCO Youth Council. The member states note that the SCO Youth Writers Forum, the Meeting of Young Leaders and Young Talents, the SCO International Youth Scientists Camp, and the SCO Youth Exchange Camp and SCO Youth Development Forum play a positive role in enhancing people-to-people exchanges among SCO countries.
The member states emphasize that further strengthening sports cooperation is of great significance, support the holding of international sports events within the SCO framework, and promote friendly exchanges between sports organizations and the people of the member states. The member states support the promotion of traditional and ethnic sports.
The member states welcome the holding of the 6th World Nomad Games in the Kyrgyz Republic.
V
The member states highly commend the achievements of the Kyrgyz Republic during its presidency of the SCO in 2025–2026. Under the motto "SCO 25th Anniversary: Together Toward Sustainable Peace, Development, and Prosperity," the presidency made important contributions to enhancing the international prestige of the organization, strengthening institutional capacity-building, and expanding cooperation in various fields.
The next rotating presidency of the SCO will be assumed by the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, and the next meeting of the SCO Council of Heads of State will be held in Pakistan in 2027.
The member states believe that the SCO, having entered a new stage of development, will continue to enrich the outcomes of cooperation in various fields in accordance with the SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years (2026–2035), and further enhance the organization's role in international affairs.
On the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the founding of the SCO, the heads of state of the member states issue this declaration and solemnly state that the SCO will continue to firmly practice its original aspiration and mission and make important contributions to maintaining regional peace and stability and achieving the security and prosperity of all countries.
President of the Republic of Belarus — Lukashenko
Prime Minister of the Republic of India — Modi
President of the Islamic Republic of Iran — Pezeshkian
President of the Republic of Kazakhstan — Tokayev
President of the People's Republic of China — Xi Jinping
President of the Kyrgyz Republic — Japarov
Prime Minister of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan — Shehbaz
President of the Russian Federation — Putin
President of the Republic of Tajikistan — Rahmon
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan — Mirziyoyev
September 1, 2026, Bishkek
(Xinhua, Bishkek, September 1)
Beijing, September 1 (Our reporter Liu Botong). The commendation conference for the 13th China Charity Award was held on September 1 at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. State Councilor Shen Yiqin attended the conference and delivered a speech. She emphasized the need to thoroughly study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instructions and directives on charity work, conscientiously implement the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, adhere to giving equal weight to supporting development and standardized management, use role models as a source of strength, create a favorable atmosphere of 崇德向善 (chóng dé xiàng shàn - "honor virtue, incline toward goodness," to promote virtue and goodness), and promote the healthy and orderly development of charity work.
Shen Yiqin pointed out that in recent years, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, China's charity work has achieved positive results. On the new journey of the new era, it is necessary to promote charity culture, broaden charity channels, strengthen standardized management, and focus on giving play to charity's role in benefiting the people. It is necessary to improve support measures, cultivate and develop charity organizations, enrich the ways of participating in charity, and give play to the exemplary and leading role of advanced models. It is necessary to strengthen the internal governance of charity organizations, do a good job in information disclosure, and continuously improve the credibility of charity work. It is necessary to strengthen the effective connection between charity and systems such as social assistance, focus on disadvantaged groups and public concerns in carrying out charity assistance activities, and properly resolve the urgent, difficult, anxious, and longing-for problems (急难愁盼) of the people.
The China Charity Award aims to commend individuals, enterprises, teams, charity projects, and charitable trusts that have made outstanding contributions to charity work. This session commended 92 award recipients.
Return to TopAfter the 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organization Tianjin Summit, China's relevant departments and localities actively implemented President Xi Jinping's major initiatives and the important consensus of the Summit, reaching multiple cooperation documents, holding various events, and implementing a series of projects with SCO countries in the political, security, economic, and people-to-people fields, continuing to contribute to the development of the SCO through Chinese actions.
I. Outcome Documents (13 in total)
1. Issued the "Ecological Co-construction, Green Together — Ningbo Initiative on Sustainable Development Cooperation among SCO Countries"
2. Adopted the "Progress Report on Multilateral Consultations on the SCO Development Bank"
3. Adopted the "2026–2027 Action Plan for SCO Standardization Cooperation"
4. Adopted the "Charter of the International Mathematical Science Center under the Framework of the SCO University"
5. Released the "Harbin Roadmap for the China–SCO Doctoral Training Innovation Program"
6. Signed the "Agreement on Credit Recognition of Postgraduate Courses at the China–SCO Doctoral Training Innovation Center"
7. Released the "Action Plan for Further Deepening Media Cooperation among SCO Countries" (2026–2027)
8. Released the "China–SCO 'Digital New Silk Road' Toolbox (2026)"
9. Compiled the "Compilation of Typical Cases of Digital Economy Cooperation between China and SCO Countries (2026)"
10. Compiled the "List of Key Cooperation Matters in the SCO Digital Economy Field (2026–2027)"
11. Released the "China Trade Index for SCO Member States"
12. Released the "SCO Development Report (2026)"
13. Published the Blue Book "SCO Sustainable Development: Jointly Building a Better Homeland"
II. Events Held (100 in total)
1. SCO Forum on Green and Sustainable Development
2. Successive meetings of multilateral consultations on the SCO Development Bank
3. "Tianshan-2026" Joint Cyber Counter-Terrorism Exercise of Competent Authorities of SCO Member States
4. China–SCO Forum of Chief Judges of Local Courts (2026)
5. 2025 SCO Countries Global Governance Roundtable Dialogue
6. China (Shandong)–SCO Countries Local Economic and Trade Cooperation Conference
7. China–SCO Local Economic and Trade Cooperation (Bishkek) Conference
8. China (Shandong)–SCO Countries Roundtable on Promoting Local Economic and Trade Cooperation and Industrial Chain and Supply Chain Cooperation Matchmaking Meeting
9. "Export to China · SCO Select" Imported Goods Procurement Matchmaking Event
10. "Gathering at SCO · Happy Shopping for the New Year" 2026 SCO New Year Goods Festival
11. 2026 China–SCO Digital Technology Cooperation and Development Forum
12. China–SCO Green Industry Talent Development Exchange Meeting
13. China–SCO Green Industry Cooperation Exchange and Seminar
14. SCO Countries Industrial Green Low-Carbon Transformation and Climate Change Response Capacity Building Activity
15. China–SCO Digital Economy Cooperation Platform Development Exchange Activity
16. Second SCO Digital Economy University Alliance Forum
17. China–SCO Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Conference
18. SCO Agricultural Expo
19. 2025 SCO Modern Agriculture Development Roundtable
20. SCO Legal University Alliance Forum
21. SCO Green Energy Academician Forum
22. Conference on Building New-Form High-Quality Textbooks for SCO Countries to Empower Vocational Education Going Global
23. Craftsmanship Building Dreams · Wisdom Gathering Five Continents — Exhibition of New-Form High-Quality Vocational Education Textbooks for SCO Countries
24. Wisdom Gathering at SCO · 2025 Vocational Education Development Think Tank Forum
25. SCO Themed Summer Camps (energy, economy, management, and sports fields)
26. First Working Meeting of the First Council of the SCO Countries Vocational Education Equipment R&D and Promotion Alliance
27. Seminar on Industry–Education Integration Supporting the New Energy Vehicle Industry in SCO Countries
28. Young Doctoral Students Innovation Exchange Camp at the China–SCO Doctoral Training Innovation Center
29. SCO Supreme Audit Institutions Seminar on Desertification Control and Green Sustainable Development Auditing
30. 2025 SCO Traditional Medicine Forum and Traditional Medicine Industry Conference
31. "SCO Dream Youth Action, Wisdom Connecting International Innovation for the Future" International Exchange Activity
32. China–SCO Digital Economy Cooperation Pilot Zone "Digital Connecting Future · Wisdom Gathering at SCO" Innovation and Entrepreneurship Cooperation Series Exchange Activities
33. China–SCO Digital Economy Cooperation Pilot Zone Enterprise "Going Global" Cooperation Exchange Activity
34. SCO United Hearts · Excellent Teachers Achieving Far — SCO University Teachers' Digital Teaching Capacity Enhancement Specialized Training Activity
35. 17th Tianjin International Acupuncture and Tuina Academic Conference Seminar and SCO Traditional Medicine Medical Technology Cooperation Exchange Training Program Launch Meeting
36. 2026 SCO Countries Dialogue of Civilizations
37. 2026 SCO Media and Think Tank Summit
38. 2026 SCO Think Tank High-End Forum
39. "Starting Anew from Tianjin: Building a Closer SCO Community with a Shared Future — Theory and Practice" Seminar
40. "Harmonious Voices Reaching Far · Jointly Embarking on a New Journey" 2026 SCO Countries People-to-People Exchange Activity
41. 2025 Silk Road Journey of Ten Thousand Miles · SCO Road Activity
42. "Gathering SCO Strength · Sharing Prosperity and Development" — Photo Exhibition Celebrating the 25th Anniversary of the Founding of the SCO
43. Video Conference Celebrating the 25th Anniversary of the Founding of the SCO
44. 2026 SCO Countries Media Representatives Visit to China Activity
45. "Gathering Women's Strength · Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind" (人类命运共同体) SCO Countries Women's Series Exchange Activities
46. "The SCO from a Women's Perspective: Jointly Building Global Governance: A Constructive Force in a Changing World" International Academic Seminar
47. "The SCO from a Women's Perspective: Jointly Seeking Governance" International Academic Seminar
48. SCO Young and Mid-Career Military Officers Exchange Activity
49. 2025 SCO Youth Exchange Camp
50. 2025 SCO Youth Development Forum
51. 2025 SCO Youth Entrepreneurship Seminar
52. Fifth SCO Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Competition
53. 2025 SCO Countries Youth Study Camp
54. "The Shanghai Spirit (上海精神) and the Power of Youth Action" International Seminar
55. "Green SCO, Beautiful Future" SCO Countries Children's Art Exhibition
56. Eighth SCO Countries International Chess Team Competition
57. SCO Countries Wushu Sanda Championship and Training Camp
58. 2026 SCO Countries Go Invitational Tournament
59. 2025 SCO Kunming Marathon
60. 2025 SCO Figure Skating Competition
61. 2025 First SCO Youth Boxing Invitational Tournament
62. 2026 SCO Second Cross-Country Skiing Invitational Tournament
63. SCO Short Track Speed Skating International Invitational Tournament
64. 2026 SCO International Curling Invitational Tournament
65. 2025–2026 SCO International Youth U-Series Cross-Country Skiing Challenge
66. 2026 Third SCO Snow Football Competition
67. The director of the Chinese-selected film "Love Letter to Grandma" won the Best Director Award at the 2026 SCO Countries Film Festival
68. 2025 SCO Countries Counter-Terrorism Training Course
69. 2025 SCO Countries Anti-Drug Training Course
70. SCO Countries Capacity Enhancement Training Course for Maintaining Stability and Handling Emergencies
71. SCO Countries Legal Services Advanced Training Course
72. SCO Countries Legal Professionals Training Course
73. "SCO Tree" Digital Technology Talent Training
74. SCO Counter-Terrorism Cooperation Training Course
75. SCO Countries New Quality Productive Forces (新质生产力) Cooperation and Development Training Course
76. SCO Countries Aquaculture Development and Climate Change Training Course
77. SCO Member States and "Belt and Road" Countries Ice and Snow Equipment and Ice and Snow Industry Development Training Course
78. SCO Countries Airport Operations and Safety Management Training Course
79. SCO Countries Luban Workshop (鲁班工坊) Education Managers Training Course in China
80. SCO Countries Energy Cooperation Leading Talent Training Course
81. SCO Small and Medium Enterprises Innovation and Development Training Course
82. SCO Countries Media Business Advanced Training Course
83. SCO Countries Agricultural Industry Development and Poverty Reduction Training Course
84. SCO Countries, African Countries, and Arab Countries Tax Business Environment and Tax Service Training Course
85. SCO Countries Import and Export Food Inspection and Food Safety Officials Training Course
86. SCO Countries Low-Carbon Development and Carbon Neutrality Pathway Training Course
87. SCO Countries E-Commerce Training Course
88. SCO Countries Digital Economy Capacity Building Training Course
89. SCO Countries Chinese Language Teacher Capacity Enhancement Training Course
90. SCO Countries Intelligent Public Transportation and Green City Sustainable Development Training Course
91. SCO Countries State-Owned Enterprise Senior Executive Leadership Enhancement Training Course
92. SCO Countries Ecological and Environmental Protection International Cooperation Training Course
93. SCO Countries Young Media Professionals Training Course
94. SCO Countries Learning from China's Experience in Improving the Investment Environment Training Course
95. SCO Countries Humanitarian Assistance Work Capacity Building Training Course
96. SCO Countries Desertification Control and Oasis Ecological Agriculture New Technology Training Course
97. SCO Regional Economic and Trade Cooperation Training Course
98. SCO Member States and Central Asian Countries Entry-Exit Animal and Plant Quarantine Officials Training Course
99. SCO Countries Women's Capacity Building Series Training Courses
100. SCO Traditional Medicine Medical Technology Cooperation and Exchange Training Course
III. Projects Implemented (40 in total)
1. China–SCO Energy Cooperation Platform
2. China–SCO Green Industry Cooperation Platform
3. China–SCO Digital Economy Cooperation Platform
4. China–SCO Higher Education Cooperation Center
5. China–SCO Vocational and Technical Education Cooperation Center
6. China–SCO Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation Center
7. China–SCO Metabolic Disease Cooperation Center
8. China–SCO Countries Artificial Intelligence Application Cooperation Center
9. Initiative to Establish the China–SCO Port Economy Cooperation Center
10. Initiative to Establish the China–SCO Basic Education Cooperation Center
11. China–SCO Countries Economic and Trade Cooperation High-Quality Development Action Plan
12. Providing 2 billion RMB in grant assistance to relevant member states
13. Implementing 100 "small and beautiful" (小而美) livelihood projects in member states in need
14. Providing 10,000 human resources training and research slots over the next 5 years (September 2025 to September 2030)
15. Implementing new "ten-million-kilowatt photovoltaic" and "ten-million-kilowatt wind power" projects together with SCO countries
16. Actively carrying out capacity building in the energy field with SCO countries
17. Advancing the second phase of the China–Eurasia Economic Cooperation Fund project
18. Operating the SCO Cross-Border Data Comprehensive Service Platform
19. Establishing a regular intergovernmental exchange mechanism for ministerial closed-door meetings of SCO member states (digital economy cooperation)
20. Carrying out the openKylin open-source operating system project for SCO countries
21. Supporting SCO multilateral scientific research cooperation projects
22. Signing a 1 billion RMB credit project loan agreement between China Development Bank (国家开发银行) and Kyrgyzstan's Eldik Bank (埃尔迪克银行) within the framework of the SCO Interbank Consortium (银联体) Council
23. Digital Model Room of the SCO Countries Digital Education Alliance — "Boundless Academy" (无界学堂)
24. China–SCO Doctoral Training Innovation Center Outstanding Doctoral Students International Exchange Program and Integrated Digital Education Platform
25. SCO Countries Supreme Audit Institutions Joint Research Project on Land Desertification Governance
26. SCO Countries "Small and Beautiful" Projects Empowering Women and Girls
27. Carrying out the "Health Express International Bright Journey" activity for SCO countries
28. China–SCO "Love Journey" Congenital Heart Disease Surgery Project
29. "Cancer Prevention Health SCO Journey" special exchange activities in Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan
30. SCO Countries Intelligent Advanced Laser Processing Technology Transfer, Transformation, and Application Demonstration Project
31. "SCO, Youth in Action" Convergence Media Project
32. Upgrade Project of the "China–SCO Media Cooperation Zone" on the International Communication Global Exchange Platform
33. Launching the series of special reports "Decoding Chinese-Style Modernization" (中国式现代化) for mainstream media of SCO countries
34. Documentary "Harmony and Unity — A Review of the 25th Anniversary of the Founding of the SCO"
35. "SCO Influence" Global Public Opinion Survey
36. "SCO Time" News Product Service Package
37. Jointly filming the documentary series "Mountains and Rivers Intertwined" and "Jointly Building Our Homeland" with mainstream media of SCO countries
38. "Ping Yu Jin Ren — Xi Jinping's Favorite Allusions" (multilingual version) SCO Countries Launch Event
39. "CMG Aerial Channel SCO Theme Broadcast" Activity
40. "China Time" — "SCO Time" Television Program
(Xinhua News Agency, Bishkek, September 1)
Return to TopMember states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (hereinafter referred to as the "SCO"),
Based on historical bonds, a century-old tradition of good-neighborliness, and mutual respect,
Declare their commitment to the SCO Charter, the Charter of the United Nations, and the generally recognized principles and norms of international law, including respect for sovereignty, territorial integrity, and non-interference in internal affairs,
Adhering to the "Shanghai Spirit" of "mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diversity of civilizations, and pursuit of common development,"
Confirming that the responsibility for nuclear security rests entirely with the State concerned, and noting that the responsibility for nuclear safety rests with the operators of nuclear facilities and the States in which such facilities are located,
Attaching great importance to nuclear safety and nuclear security issues, which are important elements of international security directly affecting the lives of the peoples of SCO member states,
Expressing deep concern over the illicit trafficking of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances, threats to nuclear facilities and infrastructure (including computer security), and the risk of nuclear terrorism,
Recognizing the need to create conditions to prevent the malicious use of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances,
Considering the significant importance of the development of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy to the economic growth, energy security, and technological progress of member states,
Emphasizing the importance of constructive strengthening of regional cooperation in enhancing the level of nuclear security,
In the spirit of seeking the well-being of humanity, both present and future,
Hereby adopt this Declaration.
I. General Provisions
SCO member states confirm that nuclear safety and nuclear security within their territories are priority matters closely related to ensuring regional sustainability, stability, and the long-term development of member states.
Member states resolutely condemn any attack or threat of attack against peaceful nuclear facilities, consider such acts to be in violation of international law, and call for the avoidance of such actions that pose a threat to international peace and security.
Member states consider it necessary to take effective measures to prevent nuclear and radiation emergencies, ensure the physical security of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances and related facilities, and strengthen coordination to prevent the illicit trafficking of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances.
The enhancement of mutual trust among member states and the conduct of constructive dialogue are key conditions for raising the level of nuclear safety and nuclear security and reducing risks associated with the use of nuclear technology.
Member states support effective coordination to prevent the malicious use of nuclear materials and other radioactive substances.
Member states note the importance of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy in accordance with generally recognized norms of international law and domestic legislation.
Member states attach particular importance to deepening multilateral cooperation in the timely notification, response, and assistance (upon request) in the event of nuclear and radiation emergencies, including information sharing, joint exercises, personnel training, and the development of specialized cooperation mechanisms.
Member states confirm that strengthening nuclear safety and nuclear security not only safeguards the safety of the public and enhances the resilience of critical infrastructure, but also contributes to strengthening mutual trust within the SCO and globally.
Member states consider that the earliest possible full entry into force of the Protocol to the Treaty on a Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone in Central Asia will make an important contribution to ensuring regional security and strengthening the international regime of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.
Member states support the contribution of developing countries to strengthening international cooperation in nuclear safety and nuclear security.
II. Cooperation in Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security
Member states plan to strengthen cooperation in nuclear safety and nuclear security through the following measures:
Developing cooperation among national regulatory bodies, including the exchange of experience, best practices, and technical approaches in the fields of nuclear safety and nuclear security.
Strengthening domestic control mechanisms for nuclear materials and other radioactive substances, improving accounting and control systems, and preventing leakage, illicit trafficking, theft, or misuse.
Advancing joint educational, scientific research, and technological projects, upgrading peaceful nuclear infrastructure, strengthening the physical protection of facilities, optimizing radioactive waste management, and developing radiation monitoring systems.
Expanding cooperation in the exchange of advanced practices and experience in the safe operation of nuclear facilities, including prevention and maintenance, and the development of modern automated control systems.
Conducting joint actions for the safe disposal of radioactive waste, developing environmentally friendly technologies for radioactive waste disposal, and implementing innovative solutions that can reduce risks to human health and the ecological environment.
Conducting exercises, training, and practical activities among the competent authorities of member states to enhance the level of capability in responding to potential nuclear and radiation emergencies.
Strengthening early warning systems, sharing technical data, predictive models, and analytical information in real time when necessary, optimizing the effectiveness of emergency response, while ensuring the confidentiality and security of sensitive information.
Promoting the establishment of scientific research platforms focused on developing innovative technologies and solutions to improve the safety level of the nuclear industry and strengthen the scientific and technological potential of SCO member states.
Encouraging scientific and technological cooperation aimed at improving the safety level of nuclear facilities, perfecting radiation monitoring technologies, and reducing risks to the public and the environment.
Relying on leading professional institutions of member states, developing national programs for the training and retraining of personnel in the fields of nuclear safety and nuclear security.
III. Member states reaffirm their readiness to expand partnerships with all countries, international and regional organizations committed to strengthening nuclear safety and nuclear security. Special action plans (or programs) may be developed to implement this Declaration.
Believing that the development of multilateral cooperation and the strengthening of confidence-building mechanisms in the fields of nuclear safety and nuclear security will help ensure peace, stability, and sustainable development in the Eurasian region. The above efforts will make an important contribution to consolidating nuclear safety and nuclear security.
Member states emphasize that this Declaration reflects their common position on creating a safe and predictable environment in the field of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, addressing threats to nuclear safety and nuclear security, and developing technologies aimed at benefiting all of humanity.
September 1, 2026 Bishkek
(Xinhua News Agency, Bishkek, September 1)
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 1 — On September 1, He Wei (何维), Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会), visited the Norwegian Embassy in China to mourn the passing of King Harald V of Norway on behalf of the Chinese side, and wrote an inscription in the condolence book.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 1 — Cambodian King Norodom Sihamoni and Queen Mother Norodom Monineath Sihanouk arrived in Beijing by special plane on September 1.
Return to TopGyirong (吉隆), September 1 (Reporters: Bian Minde (卞民德), Liu Wenxin (刘温馨), Xu Youyao (徐驭尧)) — After many consecutive days and nights of intense effort, the final section of National Highway 216 leading to the Gyirong Port (吉隆口岸) border gate is expected to be reopened by the morning of September 2. Multiple rescue forces are assembling and standing by, and large-scale search and rescue operations are about to be fully launched.
Since the disaster occurred, rescue forces from all sides have advanced along three routes — water, land, and air. However, because sections of National Highway 216 leading to Gyirong Port were damaged, large-scale rescue operations have been constrained. Rescue personnel could at one point only advance with light equipment through rope descents and helicopter delivery of personnel, while rescue vehicles, large machinery, and heavy equipment found it difficult to enter the Gyirong Port border gate area.
In recent days, professional rescue forces, primarily the Natural Disaster Engineering Emergency Rescue Center of the Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部自然灾害工程应急救援中心, China Anneng), have been operating around the clock without interruption, employing the tactics of "throwing rock to press the toe, gabion baskets to anchor the toe, spur dikes to guide flow, layered filling, and section-by-section compaction" to push forward with full effort and sustained assault, with the work face on the blocked section toward Gyirong Port steadily extending.
As night fell, heavy rain poured at the road repair site. Rescue personnel did not pause for a moment and insisted on working in the rain. By around 9 PM on September 1, although a section of road still affected vehicle passage, rescue personnel were already able to enter the Gyirong Port border gate area on foot, joining forces with rescue personnel who had earlier been delivered by air.
As of the time of reporting, rescue personnel are still accelerating repairs to create favorable conditions for subsequent rescue forces to enter. At the same time, multiple rescue forces including fire and rescue personnel, the People's Liberation Army, armed police, and public security are assembling and standing by, ready at any time to enter the Gyirong Port border gate area to carry out large-scale search and rescue.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 刘温馨
Being on the scene is the meaning of journalistic work; rushing to the front line is the mission of a Party newspaper reporter.
On the evening of September 1, I walked on foot along the road then being reopened for two and a half hours, becoming the first female reporter to reach the hardest-hit core area of the disaster. Along the way, gravel was scattered about, the sandy soil was loose, excavators rumbled as they worked, and I turned on my flashlight to watch the road, yet I still nearly slipped and fell several times.
The road ahead grew narrower and narrower. Past an S-curve and over a small hillside, the scene at the very front of the road-reopening operation unfolded before me: only the final stretch remained, and China Anneng (中国安能) was carrying the hopes of everyone on their backs, advancing toward the port meter by meter.
Continuing forward, beneath my feet lay the wounds left by nature. Fire and rescue personnel illuminated with their headlamps the port area, where only the foundation and steel reinforcement remained. "This is the national gate, over there is the parking lot, and on the right is the customs dormitory..." A few brief words, yet every word was heart-wrenching.
Stumbling, I pulled my feet step by step out of the thick mud, and climbed up the water tower along a rope — the only building still standing in the hardest-hit core area. It was already 11:30 at night. In a few disaster-relief tents, rescue personnel from different teams — public security, fire and rescue, immigration management — were crowded together, their faces full of exhaustion.
At 1:30 in the morning on September 2, I chatted with an immigration management police officer who had been unable to fall asleep for a long time. He choked up and said to me, "These are all my brothers and sisters here. I must bring them home."
That night, I felt more keenly than ever that every unhesitating act of perseverance and every inch of extraordinary, difficult progress carries with it the hope for life.
The rain came down in torrents, and together we waited for the moment when the final stretch of road would be reopened.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李龙伊 沈童睿
On the morning of August 26, due to a sudden mudslide disaster on the Nepalese side, Gyirong Port in Gyirong County, Shigatse City, Tibet, was severely affected.
Roads were washed away, bridges collapsed, and personnel were out of contact... The disaster situation was the command, and emergency rescue brooked no delay. Upon receiving the disaster notification, the Western Theater Command immediately activated its emergency response mechanism, and rescue forces including the Tibet Military District, the Armed Police Tibet Corps, and the Second Mobile Contingent of the Armed Police rapidly assembled.
With danger at hand, there was not a moment's hesitation; wave after wave of soldiers advanced toward the disaster area.
At noon on August 26, the Fourth Mobile Brigade of the Shigatse Detachment of the Armed Police Tibet Corps dispatched a reconnaissance team to investigate the disaster situation at the earliest opportunity. When the vehicles reached Laogang Village in Gyirong Town, the road ahead was cut off. Officers and soldiers advanced on foot through thick mud, observing the danger while recording real-time conditions in the disaster area and information on risk points, transmitting them back to the rear.
In the subsequent rescue operations, officers and soldiers of the Shigatse Military Sub-District of Tibet carried life detectors and shovels and picks, conducting dragnet search and rescue sweeps while leveling road surfaces and opening routes, creating conditions for large engineering machinery to enter the core disaster zone.
Armed Police soldier Li Xiucheng participated in the earthquake rescue at Dingri last year. Upon receiving the order, he signed up without hesitation and arrived at the scene that very afternoon. "One 'Here!' [when called], a lifetime of 'Here!' When the people need us, we will surely charge to the front," Li Xiucheng said.
On August 26, the Air Force of the Western Theater Command organized multiple types of aircraft to prepare for departure. A certain unit of the Western Theater Command Air Force selected top-flight aircrews and fully prepared contingency plans for special situations.
At around 8 a.m. on August 27, engines roared at an airfield of the Western Theater Command Air Force, and a Y-20 took off with a surge of power, carrying the theater command guidance group to the disaster area to direct relief efforts. "We are ready at all times and resolutely fulfill the missions and tasks entrusted to us by the Party and the people," said the captain piloting this Y-20.
Opening the overland lifeline was the critical challenge that rescue operations had to overcome.
On the morning of August 30, a certain detachment of the Second Mobile Contingent of the Armed Police went all out to clear the rescue passage. Following the method of "layered excavation, segmented operations," rescue officers and soldiers cleared mudslide deposits, widened the passage surface, and simultaneously transported stone materials to repair damaged roadbeds. Everyone had only one thought in mind: faster, and even faster.
The rescue was racing against time, and support work was also proceeding at an intense pace.
On August 29, a certain Army Aviation Brigade of the Tibet Military District dispatched two helicopters to carry out disaster relief material delivery missions.
"We operated with precision to ensure the smooth completion of the mission," said pilot Xiao Kaiyi. They faced the dual test of complex terrain and weather, flying over mountain passes above 5,000 meters in elevation to provide air support for rescue operations in the disaster area. As of September 1, the brigade's mission aircrews had airdropped more than 1,230 kilograms of materials and transported 77 rescue personnel.
On the ground support front line, operations were equally intense and orderly.
A certain brigade of the Tibet Military District transported more than 9,000 items of materials overnight, including cotton tents, folding beds, and moisture-proof pads, rushing them to the disaster area through day and night. "We are closely monitoring transport status and arrival timeliness, racing against time to win this material 'coordinated transport battle,'" said Xu Xiaobo, a leader of the brigade.
Military medical personnel were also shuttling through every part of the disaster area. On the morning of August 30, the Tibet Military District selected 22 medical and epidemic prevention backbone personnel to form a medical and epidemic prevention team, providing all-around medical support to frontline officers and soldiers, affected residents, and local government workers at all levels.
From reconnaissance vanguards advancing on foot over mountain ridges, to rescue team members clearing roads in mudflats; from Army Aviation aircrews flying hard through the canyons, to medical support personnel holding their posts... danger cannot stop the footsteps of those who "go against the current." "As long as the people need us, we will advance without hesitation," said a soldier who participated in the rescue.
(Li Guotao, Zuo Nanxing, Hu Qiwu, and Li Jianjiao contributed to the reporting)
本报吉隆9月1日电 （记者徐驭尧、沈童睿、宋豪新）9月1日上午9时55分，西藏自治区在日喀则市公安局吉隆口岸分局院内举行遇难者哀悼活动。吉隆口岸国门区域救援现场、216国道抢通现场等地同步举行，多方救援人员、地方干部、民众等参与哀悼活动。
9时55分，日喀则市公安局吉隆口岸分局哀悼活动现场全体人员脱帽肃立，向泥石流灾害遇难人员默哀3分钟。随后，升国旗，奏唱中华人民共和国国歌。
哀悼活动结束后，救援人员和道路抢通人员继续投入救援、抢通工作。
Gyirong, September 1 (Reporters Xu Yuyao, Shen Tongrui, Song Haoxin) — At 9:55 a.m. on September 1, the Tibet Autonomous Region held a mourning ceremony for the deceased at the compound of the Gyirong Port Sub-bureau of the Shigatse Municipal Public Security Bureau. Simultaneous mourning activities were held at the rescue site in the national gateway area of Gyirong Port, the emergency road-opening site on National Highway 216, and other locations, with rescue personnel from multiple units, local cadres, and members of the public participating.
At 9:55 a.m., all participants at the mourning ceremony site of the Gyirong Port Sub-bureau of the Shigatse Municipal Public Security Bureau removed their hats and stood in solemn silence, observing three minutes of silence for those who perished in the mudslide disaster. Subsequently, the national flag was raised and the national anthem of the People's Republic of China was played and sung.
After the mourning ceremony concluded, rescue personnel and road-opening crews resumed their rescue and road-clearing operations.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 琼达卓嘎
September 1 — Sunny
After finishing my midday interview with the psychologist who had rushed over from elsewhere to provide support, I went again to the resettlement site in Jipu Village (吉普村), Jilong Town (吉隆镇). The day before the mudslide disaster, I had been here — there were quite a few tourists then; now it has grown much quieter.
At the village entrance, villager Dawa (达娃) caught sight of me, fished a steaming ear of corn from her pot, and handed it over. "Our corn here is fragrant — sit down and eat."
"These past two days, my son Nyima Dorje (尼玛多吉) has been driving a big truck, hauling stone for the rescue workers." Dawa chatted with me about family matters, pride showing in her voice. "He's a demobilized soldier — the moment he heard the news that support was needed at the front, he went. He leaves early every morning and comes back very late at night."
Dawa said Nyima Dorje had told everyone about the situation at the front. "He said there are lots of people there — Han, Tibetan, all kinds — and everyone is working with all their might."
These days, Dawa boils a big pot of corn every day. Before, when there were tourists, the corn was sold for money, but now she doesn't take a single cent. Whoever passes by her door — whether in uniform, carrying a medical kit, or people from the resettlement site — she hands each one an ear of corn. "Seeing so many people bustling about, I want to do my part too."
Since the disaster struck, I have met many people like Dawa and her son. They are very ordinary, and what they do is not 惊天动地 (jīng tiān dòng dì - "startle heaven, move earth," earth-shaking), yet it moves the heart.
I looked down at the corn in my hand — kernel by kernel, leaning together, pressed close to one another, just like the people fighting side by side here.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 宋豪新
The terrain around Gyirong Port is complex and the weather is changeable, and drones have played an important role on the front line of emergency rescue and disaster relief.
At around 4 p.m. on the 26th, Sun Jing, a post-2000s drone pilot from a smart technology company in Nyingchi, Tibet, received a message that "equipment support is needed at the Gyirong disaster relief front line." He immediately set out with several companions, carrying their equipment, traveling day and night, and arrived at the Gyirong disaster relief front line the following afternoon, joining the rescue team as a volunteer.
"After the first batch of firefighters who crossed the mountains on foot reached the port area, they urgently needed supplies and sleeping bags. Our team used drones overnight to transport supplies toward the port, providing support for the frontline rescue personnel," Sun Jing said.
In this rescue operation, the cargo drone Sun Jing used had a maximum carrying capacity of 200 kilograms. "On one occasion, firefighters needed to cross from this side of the river to the other side to set anchor points, so that they could later cross via zip line. But the current was swift, and the only option was to use the drone to carry the firefighter across," Sun Jing said. Normally, drones are not used to hoist and transport people, but at the disaster site, this was the fastest method. "The river was surging, and I really admired that firefighter."
In Sun Jing's view, the application of technology has significantly reduced the risks of emergency rescue and disaster relief work. In disaster-affected areas where power and networks were cut off, they transported optical cables and generators, assisting in the establishment of new base stations to restore temporary communications; they provided support supplies to frontline rescue personnel, achieving accurate and rapid delivery... Under the operation of the drone pilots, drones took off, landed, and shuttled back and forth time and again on the disaster relief front line. "Being able to contribute to emergency rescue and disaster relief makes me very proud," Sun Jing said.
Return to TopBy: 沈童睿
On the mountainside halfway up the hill beside the Gyirong Port national gate, five large characters are engraved that move people to tears — "I love you, China." Even though mudslides have scoured and swept over them, coating the stone wall with mud, those vigorous strokes remain clear and powerful.
Yes, a mudslide can level houses, can wash away roads, can unleash enormous destructive force, but in the end there are some things that cannot be beaten down or destroyed.
What the mudslide cannot wash away is the ambition, the backbone, and the confidence of the Chinese people.
That is the courage and perseverance to cut a road through mountains and build a bridge across waters.
At the road-reopening site, we interviewed many rescue workers and engineering experts, and they all said "the difficulty of completing the road link-up is extremely rare," yet not one person backed down. Never mind the steep cliffs and swift currents — whenever one difficulty appeared, they overcame it —
The work surface is too narrow and large machinery cannot be deployed? Then excavators relay materials in sequence and advance on a single line, squeezing out efficiency; the torrent is swift and boulders used to pave the road are swept away the moment they enter the water? Then build anti-scour barriers, fill in stones and compact them, and forcibly pad out a new roadbed...
And so, a few meters, dozens of meters, hundreds of meters — advancing meter by meter, the road extends forward through mud and rubble, about to connect with the port.
That is the warmth and care of lifting one another up and relying on one another.
PLA soldier Wei Xiaoliang was originally supposed to be discharged this September. After the disaster struck, without a second word he signed up to join the rescue effort. He said that whether or not he takes off his uniform, he is still a soldier of the people. Bianba, Party branch secretary of Labi Village, whose relatives were missing without a trace, nevertheless patiently led the villagers to safety and showed concern for the people at the resettlement site. Supermarket owner Zhang Ming, feeling for the rescue workers holding the line, provided them with instant noodles, hot water, milk tea, and grilled sausages for free...
One person is a faint glimmer of light; a group of people can converge into a blazing torch. When courage and warmth infect one another, when one hand tightly grips another hand, people are no longer small in the face of disaster — no matter how great the difficulty, we are not afraid.
"I love you, China" — these five large characters on the stone wall embody an unquenchable spiritual force. As long as this force remains, everything will get better.
Because we are Chinese people who grow stronger through setbacks and fight more bravely with each battle.
Return to TopPeople's Daily, Beijing, September 1 (Reporter Yang Hao). The opening ceremony of the 2026 autumn semester of the Central Institute of Socialism (中央社会主义学院) was held in Beijing on September 1. Wu Weihua (武维华), Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会) and President of the Central Institute of Socialism, attended and delivered a speech.
Wu Weihua stated that the Central Institute of Socialism must take Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想), especially General Secretary Xi Jinping's important thought on doing the Party's united front work well in the new era (习近平总书记关于做好新时代党的统一战线工作的重要思想), as its guide; take the 70th anniversary of the Institute's founding as an opportunity; continue to thoroughly implement the Regulations on the Work of Socialist Institutes (《社会主义学院工作条例》); highlight political training and strengthen political consensus; continuously guide the broad body of students to enhance their political capability and improve their performance of duties; and extensively pool joint forces to promote high-quality economic and social development and the steady advancement of Chinese-style modernization.
The relevant responsible comrades from the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央统战部) and the central committees of the various democratic parties attended and delivered speeches. More than 600 people, including students at the Institute, participated.
Return to TopBeijing, September 1 (Xinhua) — Recently, 12 departments including the Publicity Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China jointly issued a notice, requiring that a "National Defense Education Month" activity be organized and carried out in a concentrated manner in September.
The notice emphasized that it is necessary to adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's important expositions on strengthening national defense education for the whole people, adhere to the guidance of the core values of socialism, hold high the main theme of patriotism, and, centering on the theme of "Carry Forward the Great Long March Spirit, Work Together to Build a Strong National Defense," carefully organize and carry out mass national defense education activities, so as to better educate and guide the broad masses of cadres and the people to enhance their concept of national defense and fulfill their national defense obligations, strive to create a strong social atmosphere of caring about national defense, loving national defense, building national defense, and defending national defense, and continuously consolidate the ideological foundation and spiritual support for comprehensively advancing the cause of building a strong country and a strong military.
The notice proposed that it is necessary to adhere to making the study and implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Strengthening the Military the primary task of national defense education for the whole people, and make every effort to do well in systematic study, theoretical interpretation, and popularization among the masses. Closely combine the promotion of the great founding spirit of the Party and the great Long March spirit, extensively carry out activities in ideal and belief education, patriotic education, and revolutionary tradition education, deeply cultivate feelings for the family and the country, and enhance national defense sentiments. Continue to build project brands with distinctive characteristics of the times, and increase the participation and attractiveness of national defense education. Adhere to being effective and practical, plain and pragmatic, vigorously publicize advanced typical figures in the field of national defense and military construction, summarize and release advanced typical cases of national defense education work, and better use models to set benchmarks and serve as examples. Conscientiously do a good job in student military training, deepen military camp open activities, and promote military education practice to expand coverage and improve effectiveness. Make good use of online communication brands, launch a series of converged media works, and sing the powerful voice of the times of loving our national defense and loving our military.
The notice requires that all localities and relevant departments should deepen their ideological understanding, raise their work position, and ensure correct direction, clear thinking, and precise measures. Adhere to facing society, facing the whole people, and facing the grassroots, design activity projects according to local conditions, so that the masses can easily participate and are willing to participate. Firmly establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, strictly implement the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulations and its implementation rules, must not increase the burden on the grassroots, and ensure that activities are safe and orderly.
Return to TopOur newspaper Beijing, September 1 (Reporter Jin Xin (金歆)) — On September 1, the press conference for the 2026 National Cybersecurity Awareness Week was held in Beijing. According to the introduction, the 2026 National Cybersecurity Awareness Week will be carried out uniformly nationwide from September 14 to 20 by the Central Publicity Department (中央宣传部), the Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办), the Ministry of Education (教育部), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部), the Ministry of Public Security (公安部), the People's Bank of China (中国人民银行), the National Radio and Television Administration (国家广播电视总局), the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (全国总工会), the Communist Youth League Central Committee (共青团中央), the All-China Women's Federation (全国妇联), and other departments. The opening ceremony, summit forum, and other important activities will be held in Jinan City, Shandong Province. This year's Cybersecurity Awareness Week theme is "Cybersecurity for the people, cybersecurity by the people — intelligent era, cybersecurity escort." It will deeply study, publicize, and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's important thoughts on building a cyber power, conscientiously study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's important directive spirit of the "Four Adherences" (四个坚持) for cybersecurity work, actively do a good job in publicizing and implementing cybersecurity laws, regulations, and policy documents, fully demonstrate the important achievements made in the cybersecurity field, publicize and popularize cybersecurity knowledge and protection skills, and broadly gather the consensus of the whole society to build a solid cybersecurity defense line.
During this year's Cybersecurity Awareness Week, in addition to the opening ceremony and summit forum, 15 thematic sub-forums, a cybersecurity technology application experience area, a cybersecurity and informatization talent recruitment fair, and activities such as "Literature and Art Talks on Cybersecurity" will also be held. From September 15 to 20, Campus Day, Telecommunications Day, Rule of Law Day, Financial Day, Youth Day, and Personal Information Protection Day activities will be carried out. At the same time, the "Seven Entries" (七进) publicity and popularization activities for cybersecurity will be organized.
In addition, the "Standards Week" activity of the National Cybersecurity Standardization Technical Committee (全国网络安全标准化技术委员会) will be held concurrently in Jinan City, Shandong Province. Industry experts will be invited to share and exchange around cybersecurity standardization practices, using standards and norms to lead the safe and orderly development of cyberspace.
Return to TopNanning, September 1 (Reporter Zhang Yunhe). On August 31, the first command and management vessel of the Pinglu Canal (平陆运河), "Pinglu 001", was officially delivered for use. The vessel integrates functions such as waterway inspection, navigation dispatch, and waterborne emergency command into one, and is the first command and management vessel to be officially commissioned on the canal.
"Pinglu 001" is an intelligent command vessel that has been classed with the China Classification Society (CCS) and can safely navigate in coastal navigation areas and in Class A and Class B inland waters of the Pinglu Canal. The vessel has an approved crew of 7 and can carry 50 operations personnel.
At present, "Pinglu 001" has successfully arrived at the Qinzhou Water Comprehensive Service Area. In the next step, the smart navigation system of "Pinglu 001" will carry out comprehensive joint commissioning and testing with the canal's shore-based facilities to realize smart functions such as data fusion, remote sensing, and assisted decision-making, providing solid waterborne support for the Pinglu Canal, which is about to open to navigation.
Return to TopBEIJING, September 1 (Xinhua) — (Reporter Gu Yekai) Recently, the neutron scattering team of the Institute of Nuclear Physics at the China Institute of Atomic Energy (中国原子能科学研究院) under the China National Nuclear Corporation, relying on the Engineering Science Stress Spectrometer of the China Advanced Research Reactor (中国先进研究堆), overcame the technical challenge of residual stress measurement in single-crystal superalloys, established a precise three-dimensional residual stress testing method for single crystals based on neutron diffraction, and provided an effective solution for residual stress assessment of key aviation materials. This breakthrough has also laid a solid methodological foundation for the in-depth application of the China Advanced Research Reactor's Engineering Science Stress Spectrometer in the high-end manufacturing sector.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 沈小晓 任皓宇 周 輖
“China and Egypt are both ancient civilizations and have both contributed precious spiritual wealth and brilliant cultural treasures to the development of human society.” On September 1, in a signed article published in local media on the occasion of his state visit to Egypt in Cairo, President Xi Jinping pointed out that “the two great civilizations have maintained a persistent two-way journey across time and space, continuously writing chapters of friendship between the Chinese and Egyptian peoples for generations to come.”
China and Egypt have always been a successful model of friendly mutual learning. In recent years, under the strategic guidance of head-of-state diplomacy, from holding mutual cultural years to holding exhibitions in each other’s countries, from the tourism boom along the Nile to educational cooperation on the shores of the Red Sea, the substance of China-Egypt civilizational exchange and mutual learning has continued to deepen. Standing at the new starting point of the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations, the two ancient civilizations of China and Egypt are using people-to-people and cultural exchanges as a bridge to jointly write a brand-new chapter in the exchange and mutual learning of human civilizations.
From cultural heritage exchange to joint archaeology, mutual learning between civilizations continues to deepen
Inside the exhibition hall of the Grand Egyptian Museum, a towering statue of Ramses II stands majestically. Zhou Yuen, an 11-year-old boy from China, holding his sister’s hand, gazed intently at every detail of the statue.
“There is an illustration of the pyramids in my fifth-grade textbook, and last year I saw the news about the opening of the Grand Egyptian Museum, so I especially wanted to come and see it this summer vacation,” Zhou Yuen told reporters. The golden masks, statues, papyrus documents, and other items in the museum all attracted him. “Egypt and China are both ancient civilizations, and there are many stories of civilization to learn about. If I have the opportunity in the future, I want to come to Egypt again, and I also welcome Egyptian friends to visit China.”
The Grand Egyptian Museum, located near the Giza pyramid complex southwest of Egypt’s capital Cairo, is an important window into ancient Egyptian civilization. When the Grand Egyptian Museum opened in November 2025, President Xi Jinping sent a congratulatory letter to Egyptian President Sisi.
“The ‘Grand Exhibition of Ancient Egyptian Civilization’ at the Shanghai Museum was successfully held, and the China-Egypt joint archaeological team is exploring the mysterious ancient Egyptian civilization together beneath the Saqqara pyramids. We are glad to see that the two great ancient civilizations are moving toward each other, and the peoples of the two countries are increasingly understanding and befriending each other,” President Xi Jinping emphasized. “At present, the major transformation unseen in a century is accelerating. The two ancient civilizations of China and Egypt should continue to deepen mutual learning between civilizations, continuously inject new momentum into the development of the China-Egypt comprehensive strategic partnership, and pool civilizational strength for building a community with a shared future for mankind.”
Ahmed Ghoneim, director of the Grand Egyptian Museum, said that President Xi Jinping’s congratulatory letter reflected the consistent importance attached to people-to-people and cultural exchanges between the two countries. “The Grand Egyptian Museum is Egypt’s gift to the world, and we warmly welcome Chinese tourists to visit.”
From the launch of the China-Egypt joint archaeological project at the Temple of Montu in Luxor in 2018 to the start of the China-Egypt joint archaeological project at Saqqara in 2024, cooperation between China and Egypt in the field of archaeology has deepened day by day. Xue Jiang, Chinese team leader of the China-Egypt Saqqara joint archaeological project and director of the Egyptology Center at the Institute of World Art History of Shanghai International Studies University, said that President Xi Jinping’s mention of the work of the China-Egypt joint archaeological team in his congratulatory letter reflected the high importance attached to the protection and inheritance of the heritage of human civilization, and also made archaeologists more deeply aware of the important significance of joint archaeology in promoting mutual learning between Chinese and Egyptian civilizations.
From archaeological excavation to cultural relic protection, from academic research to personnel exchanges, the two sides have continuously deepened their understanding in the process of jointly exploring ancient civilizations, and archaeological achievements have also moved from the field to a broader public horizon.
At the “Grand Exhibition of Ancient Egyptian Civilization” held by the Shanghai Museum last year, over 95 percent of the 788 precious cultural relics came to Asia for the first time, and more than 400 artifacts newly unearthed at Saqqara made their first public appearance worldwide. The exhibition attracted more than 2.77 million visits, setting multiple world records. Khaled, former secretary-general of Egypt’s Supreme Council of Antiquities, said that this exhibition not only gave the Chinese people the opportunity to appreciate precious cultural relics of ancient Egyptian civilization, but also reflected the dialogue and cooperation between the two great ancient civilizations in modern times.
From tourism cooperation to film and television exchanges, people-to-people and cultural exchanges continue to heat up
“The two sides should promote youth exchanges, encourage more tourists to travel to each other’s countries, and deepen people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation,” President Xi Jinping pointed out in January 2016 during his first state visit to Egypt.
Data show that in 2025, Chinese tourists visiting Egypt exceeded 370,000 person-times, making China Egypt’s second-largest international source market. At present, there are more than 30 direct flights per week between China and Egypt. Egypt’s visa-on-arrival policy has become more convenient and efficient, and Chinese-language guide services at museums and scenic spots have continued to improve, attracting more and more Chinese tourists to cross mountains and seas.
“We came from China to Egypt not only to see the pyramids and museums, but also to gain a deeper understanding of this ancient civilization. Standing here, I truly feel that although China and Egypt are tens of thousands of miles apart, the aspirations of the two peoples for history, civilization, and a better life are the same,” Li Min, a tourist from Henan, China, told reporters near the Giza pyramids. “In the past, we learned about Egypt through books. Now we can conveniently come here to see, listen, and talk.”
From museums to temples, from the pyramids to the banks of the Nile, Chinese tourists are gaining an in-depth understanding of Egyptian civilization. Egyptian people are also learning more about contemporary China through exchanges with Chinese tourists. Among those promoting China-Egypt cultural exchanges, Abbas, an Egyptian Chinese-language tour guide, is a special “civilizational envoy.” From working at the China Cultural Center in Cairo to serving as a tour guide, he has personally experienced and witnessed the continuous deepening of people-to-people and cultural exchanges between the two countries. He said that President Xi Jinping’s emphasis on “the two great ancient civilizations moving toward each other, and the peoples of the two countries increasingly understanding and befriending each other” deeply resonated with him. “I am not just a tour guide, but also a ‘translator’ between two ancient civilizations. I hope every Chinese tourist can feel the charm of civilizational dialogue in Egypt,” Abbas said.
In recent years, multiple Chinese TV dramas including Ode to Joy and Minning Town have been broadcast in Egypt, and at the same time, outstanding film and television works reflecting Egyptian history and culture have also been screened in China. In addition, the recently popular Chinese film Welcome to the Dragon Restaurant features Chinese and Egyptian actors performing together, becoming a vivid microcosm of China-Egypt film and television cooperation. “This film not only showcases the unique charm of Chinese culture, but also lets people see that across language and geography, people’s aspirations for a better life and their cherishing of family and friendship are the same,” said Mohamed Osama (Chinese name Mu Xiaolong), the film’s Egyptian producer and founder of Dragon Bridge Media. “Participating in the production of this film made me deeply feel that people-to-people connectivity means people from different countries resonating with a single story, enhancing understanding and narrowing distance through shared emotional experiences.”
From vocational training to language learning, educational cooperation has yielded fruitful results
In September, the Egyptian sun is still blazing. Walking into the Cairo Advanced Maintenance Technical School, a red-and-white teaching building comes into view, with the words “Egypt Luban Workshop” written in both Chinese and Arabic on the exterior wall, particularly eye-catching.
“The teachers at the Luban Workshop are experienced, and the practical training equipment is advanced, allowing us to master solid professional skills and have more development opportunities in our work,” said Saif, who is about to complete his studies at the Luban Workshop. “In the future, I want to go to China to continue studying CNC machining technology, and after returning, use the knowledge I have learned to contribute to Egypt’s industrial development.”
In November 2020, two Luban Workshops jointly built by Tianjin Light Industry Vocational Technical College and Tianjin College of Transport with Egyptian partners — the Ain Shams University Luban Workshop and the Cairo Advanced Maintenance Technical School Luban Workshop — were officially inaugurated.
President Xi Jinping has shown concern for the development of the Luban Workshop. When meeting with President Sisi in Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia, in December 2022, President Xi Jinping emphasized: “The two sides should advance the Luban Workshop and Chinese language teaching, and cultivate more envoys of China-Egypt friendship.” When holding talks with President Sisi in Beijing in May 2024, President Xi Jinping emphasized turning Egypt’s “Luban Workshop” into a benchmark for China-Africa vocational education cooperation.
Under the joint concern of the two heads of state, the Luban Workshop has become an important platform for China-Egypt vocational education cooperation. Based on Egypt’s industrial needs, the two Luban Workshops have established a total of 5 majors and have trained more than 3,000 local students to date.
At the Confucius Institute at Suez Canal University in Egypt, a Chinese-language sketch performance was underway. “Participating in the sketch performance makes me feel that Chinese and Chinese culture are even more interesting,” said student Shaza. Abdurrahman Hassan, who just transferred to the Chinese language major, hopes “to further understand China through learning Chinese, introduce the real China to Arab friends, and also share Arab stories with Chinese friends.”
Egypt is one of the earlier Arab and African countries to carry out Chinese language education. In September 2020, Chinese language teaching was incorporated into Egypt’s primary and secondary school curriculum. In recent years, as cooperation between China and Egypt in various fields has continued to deepen, Egypt’s “Chinese language fever” has continued to heat up. At present, Egyptian universities have established 36 Chinese language departments, 41 secondary schools in 10 provinces offer Chinese language elective courses, and tens of thousands of Egyptian young people learn Chinese every year. Hassan Rajab, Egyptian dean of the Confucius Institute at Suez Canal University, said that as Egypt’s “Vision 2030” is deeply aligned with the Belt and Road Initiative, language education is becoming an important bridge for promoting cultural exchange and enhancing youth friendship.
From the Luban Workshop to the Confucius Institute, from vocational training to language learning, China-Egypt educational cooperation is creating more opportunities for the youth of the two countries to meet and know each other, and more and more young people from both countries are becoming participants in China-Egypt people-to-people and cultural exchanges and disseminators of the friendship between the two countries.
“Cultural exchange and cooperation is an important pillar of Egypt-China relations,” said Ali Shifni, vice president of the Egyptian-Chinese Friendship Association. The heads of state of the two countries attach great importance to people-to-people and cultural exchanges, personally care about and promote the continuous deepening of civilizational dialogue, and inject inexhaustible momentum into the development of bilateral relations. “I believe that with the joint efforts of both sides, Egypt-China people-to-people and cultural exchanges will surely bear even more fruitful results and lay a more solid foundation of public support for the development of bilateral relations.”
Return to TopBy: 艾哈迈德·萨拉姆
The cultural exchange between Egypt and China can be described as the deepest and most ancient mutual learning between Arab and Asian civilizations. It is based on common interests and, more fundamentally, rooted in millennia of historical resonance and humanistic accumulation, serving as a vivid example of dialogue among civilizations.
President Xi Jinping's congratulatory letter to Egyptian President Sisi on the occasion of the opening of the Grand Egyptian Museum last November carries profound significance. It conveys a clear signal: Egypt-China friendship is built on mutual respect and is highly aligned with the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind. It also illuminates a simple yet profound truth: civilizations are sustained and thrive through dialogue, 生生不息 (shēng shēng bù xī - "to grow and thrive without end," to continue ceaselessly).
Egypt-China civilizational interaction has continued for thousands of years. The ancient Silk Road was not merely a trade route but also a conduit for the spread of ideas and civilizations. In 1931, the first cohort of Chinese students went to Egypt for advanced studies; among them, scholars such as Ma Jian (马坚) and Na Zhong (纳忠) returned to China and participated in establishing Arabic language departments at multiple universities. In 1932, Egypt established a dedicated institution to receive Chinese students and dispatched scholars to China, laying the foundation for people-to-people and cultural exchanges between the two countries.
After the establishment of diplomatic relations between Egypt and China in 1956, cultural exchanges between the two countries entered a new phase of orderly advancement, gradually forming a pattern encompassing education, arts, media, and personnel exchanges. In 1958, Ain Shams University in Egypt became the first university in the Arab and African countries to offer Chinese language instruction. Today, Chinese has entered Egypt's primary and secondary school curriculum, and inter-university cooperation continues to deepen. In film, television, and fine arts, the two sides have held film weeks, art exhibitions, and other events. Chinese films have been repeatedly well received at the Cairo International Film Festival, serving as a window for the Egyptian people to understand China. Media cooperation between the two countries has also continued to advance, with mutual establishment of correspondent offices and content sharing, contributing to more balanced and objective reporting and enhancing mutual understanding between the two peoples.
Recently, People's Daily organized nearly 30 journalists, experts, and scholars from Egypt and China to conduct a joint interview on high-quality Belt and Road cooperation in Egypt, visiting and reporting on a number of Egypt-China friendly cooperation projects. This experience produced news reports, generated exchange and dialogue, and brought the hearts of journalists from both countries closer, confirming the precious value of media — as transmitters of information and, more importantly, as connectors of hearts.
Cultural tourism is one of the most promising areas of Egypt-China cooperation. During my years serving as Press Counselor at the Egyptian Embassy in Beijing, I personally experienced the Chinese people's affection for Egyptian culture. The "Grand Exhibition of Ancient Egyptian Civilization" held at the Shanghai Museum last year displayed 788 artifacts and attracted more than 2.77 million visits — clear proof of the Chinese people's love for Egyptian culture. The cooperation between the two countries in archaeology and cultural heritage protection also fully reflects their shared appreciation for each other's civilizational heritage.
On the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Egypt and China and President Xi Jinping's state visit to Egypt, the two countries face a historic opportunity to deepen civilizational exchange and mutual learning. The Grand Egyptian Museum, as a bridge connecting ancient and modern civilizations, demonstrates Egypt's commitment to safeguarding humanity's heritage and echoes the Global Civilization Initiative (全球文明倡议) put forward by China.
Over the past 70 years, Egypt-China cultural exchange has 历久弥新 (lì jiǔ mí xīn - "to become more vital with age," to grow ever fresher over time). Looking ahead, both sides can further deepen cooperation in curriculum development, intangible cultural heritage research, and digital transformation, injecting lasting vitality into civilizational mutual learning. Egypt-China cultural exchange demonstrates to the world that ancient civilizations that respect each other and engage in mutual learning can offer another possibility for civilizational coexistence in a turbulent world.
From the Nile to the Yangtze and the Yellow River, Egypt-China civilizational mutual learning vividly embodies the core spirit of the Global Civilization Initiative — respecting the diversity of world civilizations, promoting the common values of humanity, valuing civilizational inheritance and innovation, and strengthening international people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation. Egypt and China are using their peoples as a bond and culture as a bridge to promote the building of a more just and equitable global future.
(The author is a member of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs and former Deputy Head of the State Information Service.)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 罗珊珊
The 23rd China-ASEAN Expo will be held in Nanning, Guangxi from September 17–21, under the theme "Sharing 3.0 Opportunities, Jointly Creating a Better Life." On September 1, the State Council Information Office held a press conference to introduce the relevant situation.
China has maintained its position as ASEAN's largest trading partner for 17 consecutive years.
This year marks the fifth anniversary of the establishment of the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, the starting year of the Action Plan for the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (2026–2030), and a critical year for accelerating the implementation of the Protocol on Upgrading the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 after its signing.
Yan Dong (鄢东), Vice Minister of Commerce, said that in recent years, China and ASEAN have carried out in-depth mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation, with economic and trade relations growing increasingly close and fruitful results achieved in cooperation across all fields.
Trade scale has climbed to a new high. In 2025, the bilateral trade volume between China and ASEAN exceeded the trillion-dollar mark for the first time, reaching US$1.05 trillion, a year-on-year increase of 7.4 percent. China has maintained its position as ASEAN's largest trading partner for 17 consecutive years, and ASEAN has been China's largest trading partner for 6 consecutive years. From January to July this year, the total trade between China and ASEAN reached US$744.41 billion, a year-on-year increase of 24.7 percent, and its share of China's total foreign trade in the same period rose to 21.8 percent.
Investment cooperation has continued to improve. As of July this year, the cumulative two-way investment between China and ASEAN and the cumulative turnover of engineering contracting completed by Chinese enterprises in ASEAN have both exceeded US$515 billion. A number of major cooperation projects have been solidly advanced, cooperation in emerging fields has achieved notable results, and the status of both sides as each other's most active investment partners has been further consolidated.
Industrial and supply chain cooperation has deepened further. China and ASEAN firmly support multilateralism and free trade and jointly address global economic and trade challenges. The China-Malaysia and China-Indonesia "Two Countries, Twin Parks" (两国双园) projects and the China-Laos Cross-Border Economic Cooperation Zone are advancing steadily.
Regional economic integration has accelerated. The Protocol on Upgrading the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 has been officially signed, and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement is being implemented with high quality. The joint construction of the Belt and Road has yielded fruitful results, and subregional cooperation such as Lancang-Mekong Cooperation and the China-ASEAN Eastern Growth Area has continued to deepen.
Economic and trade cooperation is the main line, enterprises are the main actors, and applications are the distinguishing feature.
Lu Xinning (卢新宁), member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Regional Committee and Vice Chairwoman of the People's Government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, introduced the new features of the 23rd China-ASEAN Expo and the China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit from three dimensions.
From the organizers' perspective, this year the exhibition zones have been expanded from 2 to 3, with a total exhibition area of 170,000 square meters, an increase of 10,000 square meters over last year. Timor-Leste appears for the first time as a co-organizer, marking the first gathering of all 11 countries in Nanning after the expansion of ASEAN. The layout of the exhibition zones closely follows the new opportunities of version 3.0, with the first-ever Future Space zone and an exhibition zone for empowering the growth of sci-tech innovation enterprises. The AI (artificial intelligence) section has been fully upgraded, integrating the consumer end, enterprise end, government end, and international end as "four ends in one" (四端一体). The newly added zones will focus on displaying applied cases, shifting from "viewing exhibits" to "discussing cooperation" and "doing business."
From the exhibitors' perspective, an exhibition of ASEAN countries' demands has been set up for the first time, centrally displaying the technological and application needs of ASEAN countries. A participation model in which chain master enterprises "use the large to lead the small" has been launched for the first time, allowing small and medium-sized enterprises to expand markets together with the chain masters. Fifty economic and trade activities have been arranged, in coordination with leading e-commerce livestreamers to explore the venue, helping high-quality ASEAN products better enter the Chinese market.
For ordinary visitors, the expo site will offer not only ASEAN "best-selling" agricultural products and handicrafts such as durian, coffee, and rosewood, but also the chance to experience high-tech products up close. An "AI Supermarket" has been set up for the first time, featuring more than 400 products from 60 carefully selected companies that are suited to ASEAN enterprises.
Lin Honghong (林红红), Vice Chairperson of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade, said that during the China-ASEAN Business and Investment Summit, a series of activities will be held, including the China-ASEAN Business Leaders Forum and the China-Philippines Business Communities High-Level Dialogue. Typical cases related to artificial intelligence cooperation will be released, serving the construction of a new highland of AI cooperation oriented toward ASEAN.
A special exhibition zone for the Pinglu Canal has been set up, and a series of promotion and matchmaking activities will be held.
The Pinglu Canal (平陆运河) is about to open to navigation, and this year's China-ASEAN Expo has established a special exhibition zone for the Pinglu Canal. Lu Xinning said that the Pinglu Canal is a backbone project of the New Western Land-Sea Corridor (西部陆海新通道), which has changed the passive situation in which Guangxi's rivers and seas were separated and access to the sea required a detour. The Pinglu Canal is navigable by 5,000-ton-class vessels and is the river-sea connecting canal with the highest navigation grade in China and the world.
Once the canal opens to navigation, the shipping distance between China's southwestern hinterland and ASEAN will be shortened by 560 kilometers, and logistics costs will be reduced by 18–30 percent. Goods from southwestern China can reach ASEAN more smoothly, and ASEAN's specialty products such as tropical fruits and coffee can more conveniently enter China's vast market. After the canal opens to navigation, capital, technology, talent, labor, and other factors in southwestern China and ASEAN countries will further converge, giving rise to new cross-border investment and industrial cooperation projects and enabling regional industrial and supply chains to integrate more efficiently and deeply. This year's China-ASEAN Expo will hold a series of promotion and matchmaking activities around shipping logistics, cross-border trade, and port-adjacent industries, providing opportunities for all parties to participate and connect.
Wang Liping (王立平), Director General of the Department of Asian Affairs of the Ministry of Commerce, said that China will actively promote the earliest possible entry into force and implementation of the signed Protocol on Upgrading the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0, implement the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement with high quality, and guide enterprises to fully enjoy policy dividends; promote the implementation of cooperation in key areas such as the digital economy and green development; advance cooperation on governance rules and technical standards in areas such as e-commerce and cross-border finance; and support domestic pilot free trade zones in carrying out opening-up pilots of greater intensity for economic and trade cooperation with ASEAN, continuously raising the level of opening-up and cooperation between the two sides.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李心萍
On September 1, 1996, the Beijing-Kowloon Railway opened to full-line traffic.
Starting from Beijing in the north and reaching Hong Kong in the south, this railway, with a total length of more than 2,000 kilometers, links 10 provincial-level administrative regions and runs vertically through the north and south.
Over the past 30 years, the Beijing-Kowloon Railway has cumulatively transported 1.77 billion passengers and 1.053 billion tons of cargo, smoothing economic exchanges between the north and the south.
Today, the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway is carrying the baton forward. As the Xiong'an New Area-Shangqiu section of the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway enters the trial operation stage and the Nanchang-Jiujiang section enters the static acceptance stage, the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway, a new north-south artery, is about to be fully connected.
Two Bends
Radiating along the line, the old revolutionary base areas welcome new development
Viewed from above, the Beijing-Kowloon Railway winds southward like a curved necklace, stringing the districts and counties along its route into one line.
Among them, one bend is particularly moving. It is called the "Xingguo Bend."
Xingguo County, located in the northern part of Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, is a renowned "County of Generals." During the Soviet Area period, of its 230,000 people, 93,000 joined the army, and more than 50,000 sacrificed their lives. From here came 56 founding generals.
When the Beijing-Kowloon Railway was being built, the question arose: should it go straight down, or make a detour through Xingguo? This sparked much debate. In the end, the Beijing-Kowloon Railway chose the latter. Crossing the Gan River twice and threading through mountains, it added dozens of kilometers to the route to bring the railway to this land of red heritage.
The railway took a bend, and the old revolutionary base area welcomed development. The navel oranges once hidden deep in the mountains now board the train and reach the whole country directly.
Chen Wuxiang, a household lifted out of poverty in Hantian Village, Jiecun Township, Xingguo County, earns stable income working at the navel orange base and also receives dividends from shareholding. "Right now, we're just waiting for the oranges to ripen, then we'll put them on the train and send them across the country," said Chen Wuxiang.
It is not unique. In 2019, when the Nanchang-Ganzhou section of the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway opened, it once again made a bend for Xingguo.
Running from north to south, after the line leads out from Wan'an County Station, it does not go straight south, but turns nearly 90 degrees east, bends into Xingguo, and then turns back.
This bend extends the line by more than 40 kilometers and also gave birth to two extra-long tunnels: the 13.9-kilometer Wan'an Tunnel and the 10.4-kilometer Xingguo Tunnel.
Now, "weekend study tours in Xingguo" have become a new trend.
"Tourists from the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area depart by high-speed rail on Friday evening, conduct red study tours over the weekend, and easily return on Sunday evening," introduced Xiao Wenbin, stationmaster of Xingguo West Station.
Convenient high-speed rail has turned the red resources of the remote old revolutionary base area into a cultural tourism IP, extending red education from the classroom to the mountains and fields.
Two railways, two bends. From the old Beijing-Kowloon to the new Beijing-Hong Kong, the extension of the railway has always been for the people.
The data is the most intuitive. In Meibei Ancient Village, Ji'an, Jiangxi, annual tourist visits have increased from several thousand to nearly 900,000; the Dabie Mountain Red Army Park in Macheng, Hubei, has gone from few visitors to 300,000 annual tourist visits.
The Beijing-Kowloon Railway not only broke the north-south transportation bottleneck that had long troubled China, but also radiated along its route, driving the formation of a north-south economic growth belt benefiting approximately 200 million people, becoming a vivid footnote to China's railways supporting economic development.
Two Tunnels
Enormous challenges, the spirit of cutting through mountains
The Qiling Tunnel, hailed as the "Number One Project of Heaven" on the southern section of the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, presented construction difficulties beyond imagination.
Liu Qingshui, then captain of the parallel heading assault team for the Qiling Tunnel of the 14th Engineering Bureau of the Ministry of Railways, recalled that the entrance of the Qiling Tunnel was hidden in a deep mountain gully, where the granite of the mountain had weathered for unknown years — it looked like rock, but crumbled at the touch of a hand and turned to mud when drenched by rain.
On one occasion, when the parallel heading of the Qiling Tunnel had been excavated to more than 30 meters, the surface suddenly collapsed into a large pit, and a month's work was all in vain.
The terrain was too narrow for large machinery to enter. What to do? More than 400 builders, day and night, in rain or shine, carrying washbasins, lifting buckets, and shouldering iron dustpans, sinking with every step, relied on their bare hands to clear the mud bit by bit and advance inch by inch.
Relying on techniques such as "cement-water glass double-solution grouting" and "side-wall pilot tunnel method," after round after round of tackling difficulties, the Qiling Tunnel was finally completed.
Time passed. Also in Jiangxi, the Tianxiang Avenue Tunnel became the key controlling project of the Jiujiang-Nanchang section of the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway.
This time, builders launched a new practice of using large-diameter shield machines to construct high-speed railway tunnels. The "Hero" slurry balance shield machine, weighing approximately 3,700 tons, is equipped with multiple innovative technologies including a cutterhead hydraulic wear detection device. It advances silently dozens of meters underground, while above ground, traffic continues to flow uninterrupted.
Geology remains a huge challenge.
"The shield machine must traverse more than 2,000 meters of composite strata, with soil above and rock below, and uneven weathering," introduced Wu Meng, shield machine captain of the Changjiu High-Speed Railway shield project of China Railway 14th Bureau. The fully weathered argillaceous sandstone in the strata is as sticky and soft as plasticine, easily forming hard "mud cakes" on the cutterhead, causing excavation to stall.
On one occasion, the shield machine's advance rate could not increase for several consecutive days. Opening the cutterhead for inspection, the entire cutterhead was caked with mud.
How to break the deadlock?
The project team prescribed the right remedy. They soaked it with chemical agents, flushed it with high-pressure water guns, and modified the cutterhead structure. "We added flushing pipelines on the cutterhead, like installing a high-pressure water gun on the shield machine, flushing while advancing, not giving the mud a chance to clump," said Wu Meng.
From the conventional-speed era of the Beijing-Kowloon Railway to the 350 km/h speed of the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway, from "mass campaigns" to "intelligent construction," construction methods have undergone tremendous changes over 30 years.
"Intelligence does not mean people are no longer needed, but rather it helps people work more precisely," Wu Meng said. In the past, they relied on experience; now there is more data. The system provides recommendations on advance speed, whether slurry pressure is stable, and whether the shield attitude has deviated.
From the old Beijing-Kowloon to the new Beijing-Hong Kong, what has changed is speed and technology; what remains unchanged is the spirit of cutting through mountains and bridging rivers.
Connecting North and South
Weaving a denser network, smoother economic circulation
Over the 30 years of the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, upgrades have never stopped.
During this period, the Beijing-Kowloon Railway underwent five major speed increases, with train operation efficiency continuously improving. In 2019, CR200J power-concentrated EMUs were put into service on the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, raising the maximum operating speed of passenger trains to 160 km/h.
From the initial 60 km/h at opening to the current 160 km/h, relying on the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, the full-journey running time of Beijing-Shenzhen trains has been compressed from 49 hours to within 22 hours.
The stations along the Beijing-Kowloon Railway have also continuously improved their equipment and facilities.
Shangqiu South Station, located at the junction of four provinces — Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Anhui — now handles more than 100 passenger trains daily. In recent years, the station has successively carried out platform heightening and renovations of supporting facilities such as canopies and underground passages, and has set up ticket counters at the waiting hall service desk, allowing passengers to enter the station first and then buy tickets, continuously optimizing the travel experience.
The Beijing-Kowloon Railway's highest annual passenger volume reached 95.1 million, an increase of more than fourfold compared to the early days of operation.
From the old Beijing-Kowloon to the new Beijing-Hong Kong, speed is increasing and the network is being woven denser.
First, look at Beijing West Station. In the early days of its opening, it only connected the Beijing-Kowloon and Beijing-Guangzhou railways. At present, it has become a large railway hub connecting multiple lines including the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, the Beijing-Guangzhou High-Speed Railway, and the Beijing-Xiong'an Intercity Railway, with the daily number of trains arriving and departing increasing from 54 to 406.
Next, look at Nanchang Station. As the only provincial capital station on the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, it has been upgraded from a conventional-speed station to a comprehensive transportation hub where conventional-speed and high-speed railways share the station and seamless transfer to the metro is available, with passenger volume growing from 4.6 million in 1996 to 18.2502 million in 2025.
Finally, look at Hong Kong West Kowloon Station. In recent years, as relevant sections of the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway corridor have been opened successively, Hong Kong West Kowloon Station has been connected to the national high-speed rail network, with even closer connections.
With a denser network, economic circulation has become smoother.
In May this year, the country's first dedicated stone freight railway line was put into operation in Macheng. The dedicated line connects seamlessly with the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, opening up the "mine-zone-park-railway-national" logistics chain and building a "rail-water intermodal, highway-rail linkage" logistics system.
Macheng has long enjoyed the reputation of "Hometown of Chinese Granite." Previously, merchant Chen Jinchuan came from Fujian to Macheng to make purchases, and stone transport mainly relied on highways. "Once there was a traffic jam, trucks were forced to detour, costing more than 3 yuan per extra kilometer," said Chen Jinchuan.
Now, stone leaves the mine and boards the train directly, sent straight across the country. Data shows that this dedicated line undertakes 50% of Macheng's stone transport tasks, helping enterprises reduce comprehensive transportation costs by about 20%.
At present, inside the Tianxiang Avenue Tunnel, the tracks have been laid, signal lights are being debugged, and it is quietly awaiting the first high-speed train to come roaring through. We look forward to the full connection of the Beijing-Hong Kong High-Speed Railway, bringing new development opportunities.
On August 31, at Yuehu Ecological Park in Xishui County, Huanggang City, Hubei Province, citizens were relaxing and exercising.
The local government, in response to residents' needs, has made full use of urban corner plots, idle land, and other spaces to accelerate the construction of fitness facilities such as parks, greenways, residential communities, and community fitness corners, improving the "10-minute fitness circle."
Photo by Wang Jiang (Image China)
Hulunbuir, September 1 (Reporter Zhao Jingfeng) — On August 31, the academic seminar "Consolidating the Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation, Promoting High-Quality Development of the Cause of Ethnic Unity and Progress" (铸牢中华民族共同体意识 推动民族团结进步事业高质量发展) was held in Hulunbuir City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
The conference set up three sub-forums: "High-Quality Development of the Cause of Ethnic Unity and Progress on the New Journey," "Prosperously Developing Socialist Culture with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era and Building the Shared Spiritual Home of the Chinese Nation," and "The Historical Logic and Contemporary Practice of 'To Govern the Country, One Must Govern the Borderlands'" (治国必治边). More than 90 experts and scholars from related fields conducted in-depth exchanges on the relevant topics. Scholars attending the meeting stated that they will take as their foundation the pluralistic and integrated pattern of the Chinese nation, deepen research on major foundational issues concerning the Chinese national community, solidly advance the construction of an independent knowledge system for the Chinese national community, and contribute academic strength to consolidating the sense of community for the Chinese nation and promoting high-quality development of the cause of ethnic unity and progress.
Return to TopBeijing, September 1 (Reporter Han Xin) — The reporter learned from the "Water Transport China" all-media publicity campaign that since the "Silk Road Maritime" trade data service platform went online in March this year, it has formed global trade big data covering 230 countries and regions and 3 million types of commodities, marking that "Silk Road Maritime" has moved from route network construction to a new stage of digital ecosystem construction.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" Outline proposes advancing the integrated development of ports, shipping, and trade under "Silk Road Maritime." Previously, there were many informatization platforms for ports, shipping, and trade, but the data was relatively fragmented and could not form a unified data chain, leaving related enterprises facing severe data barriers, especially small and medium cargo owners who found it difficult to enjoy the data dividend. The "Silk Road Maritime" trade data service platform is committed to building a digital hub serving the entire chain and all scenarios. It can provide import and export enterprises with market insights and customer development, provide port, shipping, and logistics enterprises with route and order analysis, provide financial institutions with risk control assessment, and provide government departments with industrial planning and decision support. The deep integration of "Silk Road Maritime + trade data services" has become an important engine driving the integrated development of ports, shipping, and trade.
"Silk Road Maritime" is an international comprehensive logistics service brand and platform under the Belt and Road Initiative with shipping as its theme. As an important component of the "Silk Road Maritime" service system, meteorological services run through the entire chain of ports, shipping, and trade. The "Silk Road Maritime" port meteorological risk intelligent agent concentrates the meteorological risks of 58 domestic and international ports on a single platform for real-time display and assessment. At present, the "Silk Road Maritime" global meteorological navigation service has covered sea areas including the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans, as well as vessel types including container ships, bulk cargo ships, and hazardous chemical ships, with an average route optimization rate of 30%.
Return to TopUrumqi, September 1 (Reporter Shang Rongzheng) — Recently, the Development and Reform Commission of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (新疆维吾尔自治区发展和改革委员会), the Department of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化厅), and the Department of Commerce (商务厅) jointly issued the "Several Measures on Promoting Effective Investment in New Energy and Improving New Energy Utilization Rates in Xinjiang," putting forward 14 specific measures to further promote effective investment in new energy and continuously raise the level of new energy consumption and utilization.
In terms of scientifically releasing the potential for effective investment in new energy, the measures propose: reducing and revitalizing existing projects, optimizing the selection of newly filed projects, accelerating direct connection of green electricity, making good use of the results of competitive bidding for new energy mechanism electricity prices, accelerating the construction of pumped-storage hydropower and solar thermal power projects, safeguarding reasonable returns for energy storage projects, and strengthening guarantees for various factors of production.
In recent years, Xinjiang has solidly advanced the construction of the national strategic energy and resource support base. As of the end of July, Xinjiang's cumulative installed capacity of new energy reached approximately 180 million kilowatts.
Beijing, September 1 (People's Daily) — (Reporter Zheng Haiou) The 2026 National Art Troupes Performance and Broadcast Season, hosted by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), will be held in Beijing from September to November.
This performance and broadcast season brings together national-level literary and artistic forces, with a powerful participating lineup, encompassing 10 art troupes directly under the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, as well as the China Disabled People's Art Troupe (中国残疾人艺术团), the Central Ethnic Song and Dance Troupe (中央民族歌舞团), the China Railway Art Troupe (中国铁路文工团), and the China Broadcasting Art Troupe (中国广播艺术团). The series of performances will take the stage in turn at the National Centre for the Performing Arts, the Mei Lanfang Grand Theatre, the National Theatre of China, the Beijing Concert Hall, and other venues.
The event is closely tied to major historical milestones including the celebration of the 105th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China and the commemoration of the 90th anniversary of the victory of the Red Army's Long March. Offline performances and online broadcasts will proceed in parallel, with three major sections carefully planned. The offline performance of outstanding works will centrally present the newly created works and classic repertory pieces of each participating unit in 2026, with emphasis on launching a batch of stage art masterpieces of exquisite artistic quality. The online broadcast of outstanding works will link up with digital platforms such as "Wenyi China" (文艺中国), promoting the direct delivery of high-quality literary and artistic resources to the grassroots and expanding the coverage of benefits to the people. This performance and broadcast season has specially established a youth talent showcase section, targeting the top young artistic talents of national-level art troupes, integrating outstanding creative and performance achievements, and centrally organizing special theatrical performances.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 沈小晓
The Egyptian government recently launched the "Industrial Sun" special renewable energy program, planning to install distributed photovoltaic power stations on the rooftops of approximately 7,000 factories nationwide, with total installed capacity expected to reach 1 gigawatt, in order to alleviate power supply pressure during the summer peak electricity period, reduce enterprise electricity costs, and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of the industrial sector. Analysts believe that this initiative is the latest move by Egypt to accelerate the large-scale application of photovoltaic power generation and advance the green upgrade of its energy structure, marking a further extension of the country's renewable energy development toward industrial end-use scenarios.
Egypt is rich in solar energy resources and is one of the markets with the greatest potential for new energy development in the West Asia and North Africa region. According to the latest official Egyptian data, as of the first half of 2026, the country's total installed renewable energy capacity was approximately 9.5 gigawatts, of which solar installed capacity reached 3.5 gigawatts, making solar the largest pillar of renewable energy. To advance the green energy transition, Egypt has continuously strengthened top-level design and policy safeguards. According to the national energy strategy, Egypt plans to raise the share of renewable energy in the electricity mix to more than 42 percent by 2030, and further to more than 60 percent by 2040. In fiscal year 2025-2026, the Egyptian government allocated approximately 2.8 billion U.S. dollars to the electricity and renewable energy sector, nearly doubling from the approximately 1.5 billion U.S. dollars of the previous fiscal year.
To promote the effective implementation of the "Industrial Sun" program, the Egyptian government has provided supporting measures in multiple areas, including approval procedures, financing support, and operation and maintenance services. Under relevant local regulations, photovoltaic systems with installed capacity below 500 kilowatts are eligible for a fast-track approval process, and factories can connect photovoltaic power to the grid for self-use without special permits, greatly shortening the approval cycle for rooftop photovoltaic projects participating in the program and reducing construction and operation costs. On the financing front, Egypt's Ministry of Finance is working with multiple banks and financial institutions to study special support programs; Banque Misr, Egypt's second-largest state-owned bank, has already launched a special loan for photovoltaic modules to address the funding difficulties of enterprises in installation. In January this year, Egypt's Ministry of Electricity and Renewable Energy signed an agreement with the Arab Organization for Industrialization to jointly establish a professional operation and maintenance company responsible for inspection, preventive maintenance, performance monitoring, and technical support for building rooftop photovoltaic systems nationwide, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the projects.
Egypt's Minister of Industry Khaled Hashim stated that the "Industrial Sun" program helps consolidate Egypt's advantages in regional green transformation and clean supply chains, and strengthens the foundation for the country's sustainable growth. Osama Kamal, Chairman of the Energy, Environment and Human Resources Committee of the Egyptian Senate, stated that over-reliance on a single energy source harbors considerable risks, and that transitioning to renewable energy is crucial to safeguarding national energy security.
Relying on its abundant solar energy resource endowment, Egypt adheres to the simultaneous development of centralized development and distributed application, continuously expanding the coverage of photovoltaic power generation. In terms of centralized power station layout, Egypt leverages desert resources to build large-scale photovoltaic bases. The Aswan region in southern Egypt, with scarce rainfall and abundant sunshine, is an ideal area for developing photovoltaic power generation. The Benban Solar Park, located in the desert area on the west bank of the Nile in Aswan Governorate, covers an area of 37 square kilometers and is a power complex composed of 41 solar power plants, with a planned total installed capacity exceeding 1.5 gigawatts. The park is divided into 32 project areas and has attracted more than 30 enterprises to participate in development. It has been awarded the "Best Arab Government Infrastructure Development Award" and has become a demonstration project for Egypt's renewable energy strategy. In expanding distributed photovoltaic application scenarios, in addition to industrial plants, Egypt is also gradually covering municipal facilities and new communities, continuously tapping the power generation potential of idle resources.
To solve the challenge of new energy consumption and ensure grid stability, Egypt is simultaneously advancing energy storage supporting facilities and grid upgrades, achieving integrated development of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage systems. At present, the Suez Canal Economic Zone and multiple locations including Aswan and Qena are accelerating the deployment of independent energy storage power stations supporting photovoltaic power plants, upgrading substations and dedicated transmission lines, and continuously improving the renewable energy supply network. The Egyptian Electricity Transmission Company has signed power purchase agreements with foreign renewable energy developers to build a photovoltaic power station with an installed capacity of 1.95 gigawatts and a battery energy storage system of 3.9 gigawatt-hours in Minya Governorate; another approved "Nefer Minya" solar-plus-storage project plans to build a 1.2-gigawatt photovoltaic power station with a 600-megawatt-hour battery energy storage system.
As the industry scale continues to expand, Egypt's renewable energy development is realizing a full-chain development model in which energy development, equipment manufacturing, and deep processing of resources advance in coordination. Egyptian President Sisi recently convened a working meeting in the new city of New Alamein to study matters including new energy project construction and energy structure transformation, requiring the acceleration of energy storage system construction, enhancing grid regulation capacity through battery energy storage, ensuring stable grid connection of new energy, and simultaneously accelerating the localized production of equipment such as solar panels. Hossam Heiba, CEO of the General Authority for Investment and Free Zones, stated that the landing of local photovoltaic manufacturing capacity marks an important step in Egypt's transition to renewable energy and will significantly enhance the industry's autonomous controllability and regional competitiveness.
China-Egypt cooperation in the field of photovoltaic power generation continues to deepen, covering multiple levels including power station construction, equipment supply, technical support, and localized manufacturing. From the Benban Solar Park to the Aswan Kom Ombo photovoltaic power station, Chinese enterprises have deeply participated in the construction of multiple photovoltaic projects in Egypt. The "Obelisk" solar-plus-storage integrated project, which was put into operation early this year, is currently Egypt's largest integrated photovoltaic-storage power station and can meet the electricity needs of approximately 1.6 million households. Chinese enterprise Envision Energy provided the new power system and artificial intelligence energy storage technology for the project, ensuring stable operation of the power station under high-temperature desert conditions while flexibly responding to grid dispatch.
In addition, multiple Chinese photovoltaic enterprises have settled in the Suez Canal Economic Zone, building manufacturing bases for cells, modules, and energy storage systems, promoting the localized production of core components, and helping Egypt build a regional renewable energy industry center.
Industry insiders stated that Egypt, based on its resource endowment, is accelerating the layout of the entire photovoltaic industry chain. This is both a strategic choice to safeguard national energy security and achieve low-carbon development, and it will also play a demonstrative and leading role in the green energy transition of the West Asia and North Africa region. As China-Egypt renewable energy cooperation continues to deepen and solidify, the two sides will reap more mutually beneficial and win-win results in the field of green development.
(People's Daily, Cairo, September 1)
Return to TopChina is willing to join hands with Kyrgyzstan to strengthen the alignment of development strategies, deepen exchanges on governance experience, deliver more tangible and perceptible outcomes of practical cooperation, and advance the building of the China-Kyrgyzstan community with a shared future in both depth and substance.
On August 31 local time, President Xi Jinping held talks with President Sadyr Japarov of Kyrgyzstan in Bishkek. The two heads of state had an in-depth exchange of views on China-Kyrgyzstan relations, bilateral cooperation in various fields, and international and regional issues of mutual interest, drawing a new blueprint for building the China-Kyrgyzstan community with a shared future. The Kyrgyz side spoke highly of President Xi Jinping's visit to Kyrgyzstan again after seven years, stating that the visit is an important opportunity for the two countries to deepen political mutual trust, advance mutually beneficial cooperation in various fields, and promote people-to-people friendship, injecting new impetus into further deepening the China-Kyrgyzstan comprehensive strategic partnership in the new era.
High-level political mutual trust and firm mutual support are important guarantees for the steady and sustained development of China-Kyrgyzstan relations. Over the 34 years since the establishment of diplomatic ties, China-Kyrgyzstan relations have withstood the tests of changing international circumstances and have always developed in a sound and stable manner, reaching the high level of a comprehensive strategic partnership in the new era. In recent years, under the joint guidance of President Xi Jinping and President Japarov, China-Kyrgyzstan relations have achieved leapfrog development, with cooperation in various fields flourishing across the board, effectively supporting the development of both countries, benefiting the broad masses of the people, and promoting regional peace, stability, and prosperity. During the visit, the two heads of state jointly signed the Treaty on Permanent Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation between China and Kyrgyzstan, providing an important legal foundation for the two countries' lasting friendship and firm mutual support, and offering solid guarantees for common development and revitalization. President Japarov stated that he admires the brilliant development achievements China has made under the leadership of President Xi Jinping, and expressed willingness to learn from China's governance experience, especially President Xi Jinping's sentiment of "I will serve the people with total devotion and never let them down." "China has always been a priority direction of Kyrgyzstan's foreign policy, and is Kyrgyzstan's closest friend and most reliable partner."
China and Kyrgyzstan have achieved fruitful results in practical cooperation, continuously promoting the high-quality development of bilateral relations. In recent years, the cooperation between the two countries has entered a "golden period" of rapid development, with bilateral trade volume and people-to-people exchanges reaching new highs, and major projects such as the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway being implemented smoothly, with tangible mutually beneficial cooperation results broadly benefiting the peoples of both countries. During this visit, President Xi Jinping, with a long-term perspective, set a clear direction for deepening practical cooperation between China and Kyrgyzstan: implement the intergovernmental economic and trade cooperation plan between the two countries, enrich the categories of trade, and expand new growth points such as digital trade and cross-border e-commerce; build the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway, this "major transportation artery" carrying the development hopes of the people in the region, with high quality, implement port modernization and renovation, and deepen "soft connectivity" in institutions, standards, and rules; implement more landmark projects in fields such as renewable energy and resource recycling, implement the green minerals cooperation document, and carry out whole-industry-chain cooperation; jointly build the Belt and Road joint laboratory, strengthen cooperation in artificial intelligence and other fields, and empower and enhance bilateral cooperation through scientific and technological innovation; further promote people-to-people exchanges between the two countries, strengthen cooperation in youth, media, tourism, sports, healthcare, and sub-national exchanges, and continuously consolidate the social and public opinion foundation of China-Kyrgyzstan friendship... China is willing to join hands with Kyrgyzstan to strengthen the alignment of development strategies, deepen exchanges on governance experience, deliver more tangible and perceptible outcomes of practical cooperation, and advance the building of the China-Kyrgyzstan community with a shared future in both depth and substance.
At present, the international situation is marked by turbulence and transformation, and strengthened cooperation between China and Kyrgyzstan will inject more positive energy into maintaining regional peace, stability, and development. As founding members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the two countries will jointly promote the implementation of the outcomes of the Tianjin Summit, push the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to a new level, and inject new impetus into building the Shanghai Cooperation Organization community with a shared future. China supports Kyrgyzstan in playing a greater role in international and regional affairs, and is willing to further strengthen coordination with Kyrgyzstan within the framework of the United Nations, jointly practice the four Global Initiatives, oppose hegemonism and power politics, uphold true multilateralism, safeguard international fairness and justice, and promote the building of a more just and equitable global governance system. President Japarov stated that the four Global Initiatives proposed by President Xi Jinping help countries jointly address common challenges and build a more just and stable international order. The Kyrgyz side is willing to maintain close coordination with the Chinese side on multilateral platforms such as the United Nations, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the China-Central Asia mechanism, and the World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organization, and jointly safeguard world peace and stability.
"Good neighborliness and amity are treasures of a nation." The towering Tianshan Mountains bear witness to the millennia-old history of friendly exchanges between the two peoples. President Xi Jinping's visit this time further demonstrates the profound friendship and high-level political mutual trust between China and Kyrgyzstan, and is an important milestone in the history of bilateral relations, which will surely open up broader prospects for the relations between the two countries.
Return to TopOn September 1, ahead of his state visit to Egypt, President Xi Jinping published a signed article titled "Seventy Years of Sharing Weal and Woe, Forging Ahead on a New Journey" in Egypt's Al-Ahram, Al-Akhbar, and Al-Gomhuria newspapers, which drew warm responses in Egypt. Egyptians from various sectors who were interviewed by our reporters said that President Xi Jinping's visit to Egypt on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Egypt and China will draw a new blueprint for deepening the Egypt-China comprehensive strategic partnership and is of great significance for carrying forward the traditional friendship between the two countries and strengthening exchanges and cooperation in various fields.
"Let the fruits of mutually beneficial cooperation benefit the people of both countries"
President Xi Jinping pointed out in his signed article that the two sides should deepen the alignment of development strategies, jointly build the Belt and Road with high quality, actively tap cooperation potential, expand space for practical cooperation, and inject inexhaustible impetus into China-Egypt mutually beneficial cooperation.
Nahlah, CEO of Egypt TEDA Special Zone Development Company, which is responsible for the investment and operation of the second phase of the China-Egypt Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone, said that President Xi Jinping mentioned in his signed article the China-Egypt Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone jointly inaugurated with President Sisi 10 years ago, "which deeply inspires and greatly encourages every one of us working in the cooperation zone." Over the past 10 years, the cooperation zone has grown into a modern industrial new town, attracting more than 200 enterprises, with cumulative investment exceeding 4.7 billion US dollars, directly creating more than 10,000 jobs for Egypt, with a localization employment ratio exceeding 90 percent, helping Egypt accelerate its modernization process.
The Central Business District project in Egypt's New Administrative Capital is undertaken by the Egypt branch of China State Construction Engineering Corporation, including the 385.8-meter "Africa's tallest building" landmark tower. "This is the 'flower of dreams' nurtured by the joint efforts of the Egyptian and Chinese teams," said Yasser, deputy manager of the project's engineering department who participated in the construction. He said that participating in this landmark project is an important experience in his career, "and I hope that Egypt-China cooperation will further expand from major infrastructure projects to fields such as artificial intelligence, digitalization, and renewable energy."
Omar, an official from Egypt's Ministry of Transport, said that the first intercity electrified light rail in Africa mentioned by President Xi Jinping in his signed article, which connects the new eastern city of Cairo, industrial zones, and the New Administrative Capital, is a landmark achievement of Egypt-China infrastructure cooperation. "Egypt-China cooperation is not an abstract concept, but trains running every day and roads people walk on to and from work." Omar expressed his expectation that the two countries will continue to deepen cooperation in transportation, industry, energy, digital economy, and other fields.
"President Xi Jinping mentioned in his signed article that Egypt is an important trade and investment partner of China in the Arab world and Africa." Diaa Helmy, a member of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs and secretary-general of the Egypt-China Chamber of Commerce, said that in recent years, Chinese enterprises have been deeply cultivating the Egyptian market, and China's direct investment in Egypt has been continuously expanding, fully reflecting the depth of economic and trade cooperation between the two countries. "Chinese enterprises have brought advanced technology, provided job opportunities, and enhanced Egypt's export capacity to the world. The two countries continue to expand cooperation space in various fields, letting the fruits of mutually beneficial cooperation benefit the people of both countries."
"Further deepen exchanges and mutual learning between the two civilizations and promote the sustained and stable development of bilateral relations"
President Xi Jinping pointed out in his signed article that China and Egypt, two ancient civilizations, should promote the view of civilization featuring equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness, practice the Global Civilization Initiative, actively safeguard humanity's cultural heritage, and jointly promote the harmonious coexistence of different civilizations.
"President Xi Jinping has once again published a signed article in Egyptian media such as Al-Ahram. We are honored to be witnesses to the profound friendship between Egypt and China." Sami Kamhawi, deputy editor-in-chief of Egypt's Al-Ahram, said that in recent years, the number of Egyptian students going to China for further study has continued to grow, and more and more Chinese students are coming to Egypt to study; various cultural exchange activities have been held in both Egypt and China, and a large number of Arab-Chinese cultural and academic achievements have been translated in both directions. "President Xi Jinping's visit will further deepen exchanges and mutual learning between the two civilizations and promote the sustained and stable development of bilateral relations," Kamhawi said.
"President Xi Jinping's state visit to Egypt is of far-reaching significance for promoting exchanges and mutual learning between Egyptian and Chinese civilizations." Abbas, an Egyptian tour guide who has long been engaged in Egypt-China cultural exchange work, said, "The world is facing many complex challenges, and we need to listen to different voices and understand the connotation of diversity more than ever before. This is precisely the important significance of cultural exchange."
Saleh, a staff member of the Grand Egyptian Museum, said that President Xi Jinping mentioned in his signed article that the Grand Egyptian Museum and other sites have attracted a large number of Chinese tourists to "check in." "More and more Chinese tourists are coming to Egypt, learning about local history, culture, and lifestyle through exchanges with Egyptian people." Saleh said he looks forward to President Xi Jinping's visit further promoting exchanges and cooperation between the two countries in education, archaeology, and other fields, and promoting people-to-people bonds between Egypt and China.
Ala Mandouh Akef, an Egyptian young sinologist and assistant professor at the School of Foreign Languages of Peking University, said that from cultural relic exhibitions to joint archaeology, from heritage protection to academic research, Egypt-China people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation have continued to deepen and solidify. President Xi Jinping's emphasis on the importance of civilization exchanges in his signed article points the way for cultural workers in Egypt and China. "The in-depth dialogue between the two great civilizations of Egypt and China not only demonstrates the diversity of world civilizations, but also reflects the significance of exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. Different civilizations enhance mutual understanding through equal exchanges and joint research, providing intellectual inspiration for the development of human society."
"The two countries strengthening coordination will play a greater role in promoting regional peace and development"
President Xi Jinping emphasized in his signed article that China is willing to work with Egypt to expand the demonstration effect of mature China-Egypt cooperation, give full play to Egypt's unique geographical advantage of connecting the Arab world and radiating across the African continent, deeply implement the "five cooperation frameworks" for China-Arab relations and the ten partnership actions for China and Africa to jointly advance modernization, and promote China-Arab and China-Africa cooperation to keep pace with the times and proceed steadily and far.
"Seventy years ago, the establishment of diplomatic relations between Egypt and China opened the door for Arab and African countries to friendly cooperation with China; 70 years later today, the two countries are jointly exploring how to extend this precious friendship to a more distant future." Huda, deputy editor-in-chief of Egypt's Rose al-Yusuf magazine, said, "President Xi Jinping's signed article reviews the 70-year journey of Egypt-China diplomatic relations through shared weal and woe, and also looks toward the broad future, which is of far-reaching significance for bilateral relations and regional development."
"Over the 70 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations, Egypt-China relations have weathered international vicissitudes and maintained stable development." Sawi, an Egyptian expert on China affairs, said, "The stable, healthy, and sustained development of bilateral relations is of far-reaching significance for deepening Arab-China and Africa-China cooperation and plays an important role in uniting Global South countries."
Ali Shifni, vice president of the Egyptian-Chinese Friendship Association, said that the Egyptian and Chinese sides firmly defend the international system with the United Nations at its core, the international order based on international law, and the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and are committed to safeguarding true multilateralism. "Egypt plays an important bridging role in the development of Arab-China and Africa-China relations. Egypt-China cooperation not only benefits both sides bilaterally, but also radiates to the surrounding region."
Derabic, an Egyptian expert on China affairs, said that President Xi Jinping proposed in his signed article that the two countries should "march forward side by side and be pioneers in upholding fairness and justice," reflecting the common responsibility of Egypt and China as Global South countries. "Facing the current complex international environment, Egypt and China should continue to practice true multilateralism, uphold international fairness and justice, and safeguard regional peace and stability. The two countries strengthening coordination will play a greater role in promoting regional peace and development," Derabic said.
(Our Cairo, September 1 — Reporters Yang Yi, Huang Peizhao, Shen Xiaoxiao, Huan Xiang, Zhou Zhuan, Ren Haoyu, Dai Kairan)
Return to TopOn September 1, President Xi Jinping attended the 26th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization and the "SCO Plus" meeting in Bishkek, and delivered important remarks. International figures interviewed by our reporters said that President Xi Jinping's important remarks pool strength for promoting the higher-quality development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, chart the path for advancing the global governance system toward a more just and equitable direction, and inject more certainty and positive energy into safeguarding world peace and development.
"Carry forward the 'Shanghai Spirit' and work together to build a better common home"
This year marks the 25th anniversary of the founding of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. President Xi Jinping pointed out: "Over the past 25 years, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has traversed an extraordinary journey. Its most significant development achievement is that it has gradually become a new type of regional cooperation organization with the widest territory, the largest population, and enormous development potential in the world; its most precious spiritual asset is the pioneering proposal and consistent adherence to the 'Shanghai Spirit' of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diversity of civilizations, and pursuit of common development; its most important cooperation experience is finding the correct way of coexistence based on non-alignment, non-confrontation, and non-targeting of any third party, promoting regional countries to jointly build a common home."
"President Xi Jinping's remarks demonstrated the broad vision and broad-mindedness of a leader of a major country." Attaullah Tarar, Pakistan's Minister for Information and Broadcasting, who listened to President Xi Jinping's important remarks on site, said that in the face of the intertwined and turbulent international situation, the SCO family has maintained a stable development momentum and demonstrated strong resilience. "All parties should continue to uphold the concept of cooperation, share cooperation experience, carry forward the 'Shanghai Spirit', and work together to build a better common home."
"Just as President Xi Jinping said, the 'Shanghai Spirit' is the most precious spiritual asset of the SCO." Sergei Sanakoev, Director of the Center for Asia-Pacific Studies in Russia, said that since its establishment, the SCO has been committed to providing a platform for different countries to engage in equal consultation, jointly promote peace, and jointly seek development, effectively consolidating regional security cooperation, promoting economic and trade exchanges and connectivity, and deepening exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations. "The SCO has not only opened an important window of opportunity for regional countries, but also opened up new development space for Global South countries."
Alisher Sabirov, Associate Professor at the National University of Uzbekistan, said that the SCO has embarked on a path of inclusive development, setting a successful example of relations between major countries, between neighboring countries, and between large and small countries. SCO countries have diverse cultures and different development stages, and the "Shanghai Spirit" effectively guides all parties in conducting cooperation.
Nurzhan Kasmalieva, Head of the International Relations Department of Kyrgyzstan's Kabar National News Agency, said that after 25 years, the SCO has continuously enhanced its international influence and is an important platform for promoting regional security guarantees, economic coordination, and the development of international relations. China is a founding member state of the SCO and actively leads and promotes the SCO to achieve higher-quality development.
"Helping the SCO continuously expand cooperation space and activate development momentum"
"Adhere to development as a priority and create a prospect of shared prosperity," "Adhere to security as a priority and foster an environment of universal security," "Adhere to a people-centered approach and consolidate the foundation of enduring friendship between generations," "Adhere to dialogue and consultation and improve fair and orderly governance" — President Xi Jinping emphasized that standing at the crossroads concerning the future and destiny of humanity, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization should bravely shoulder historical responsibilities and take the initiative to lead the course of history.
Kanat Baisak, President of the Kazakhstan-China Trade Promotion Association, said that a series of initiatives proposed at the SCO Tianjin Summit have continued to take root and bear fruit, with fruitful results in economic and trade exchanges and people-to-people and cultural exchanges, bringing tangible benefits to the broad masses of people in regional countries. "At this Bishkek Summit, President Xi Jinping put forward a series of new important measures that will effectively promote the deep integration of industrial chains, supply chains, and value chains of SCO countries, expand cooperation in emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, digital economy, green industries, and green minerals, and help the SCO continuously expand cooperation space and activate development momentum."
"The attractiveness of the SCO is continuously increasing." Siyagul Karamankul, Column Director of Kyrgyzstan's Kum Communications Agency, said that China has made important contributions to promoting the development of the SCO. In recent years, Kyrgyzstan and China have continuously deepened coordination within the SCO framework, greatly stimulating Kyrgyzstan's development potential.
Anushervon Rasulov, Editor-in-Chief of Tajikistan's ASAL News Network, said that China plays a key leading role in improving the SCO's operational mechanisms and promoting the upgrading and quality improvement of regional cooperation. "The series of practical measures proposed by China meet the common expectations of the SCO family and have received extensive support and positive response from all parties."
Gulzat Isamatova, Minister of Science, Higher Education and Innovation of Kyrgyzstan, said that President Xi Jinping proposed that China will establish a China-SCO Basic Education Cooperation Center and is willing to continue building bridges of exchange, mutual learning, and people-to-people connectivity through projects such as Confucius Institutes and Luban Workshops. "The educational cooperation platforms under the SCO framework are becoming increasingly diverse, which will further benefit young students in regional countries and consolidate the talent foundation for the region's long-term development," Isamatova said.
"Providing key intellectual guidance for solving global governance challenges"
President Xi Jinping emphasized at the "SCO Plus" meeting: "SCO member states and partners should grasp the historical trend and shoulder the responsibility of the times. Let us base ourselves on a people-centered approach, adhere to an action-oriented principle, jointly advocate an equal and orderly multipolar world, promote more just and equitable global governance, and work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind!"
"In the face of the intertwined and turbulent international situation, President Xi Jinping emphasized jointly advocating an equal and orderly multipolar world and promoting more just and equitable global governance, which effectively responds to the international community's common aspiration for fairness and justice and provides key intellectual guidance for solving global governance challenges." Hamed Vafaei, Director of the Center for Asian Studies at the University of Tehran in Iran, said that the SCO family should join hands to implement the four major global initiatives, strengthen dialogue and cooperation, and jointly promote regional peace and stability.
Shakeel Ramay, CEO of the Asian Institute of Eco-civilization Research and Development in Pakistan, said that at last year's SCO Tianjin Summit, President Xi Jinping solemnly proposed the Global Governance Initiative. This important initiative is transforming from a Chinese proposal into international practice, demonstrating strong vitality and appeal. "President Xi Jinping's important initiatives lead the SCO to contribute greater strength to advancing an equal and orderly multipolar world."
Kim Pheng, Director of the Institute for International Relations at the Royal Academy of Cambodia, said: "President Xi Jinping pointed out that 'in recent years, the Global South has grown remarkably, driving profound adjustments in the international balance of power, and the trend toward a multipolar world is irreversible.' The SCO is an important force in improving global governance. At the juncture of the SCO's 25th anniversary, all parties should vigorously promote the common values of all humanity, unite and expand the 'SCO Plus' partners, and promote the growth and strengthening of the Global South."
Vansay Thammavong, former Deputy Head of the Propaganda and Training Board of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party Central Committee, said that after 25 years of development, the SCO has become an important force for maintaining regional peace and stability. In July this year, Laos became a member of the SCO family. The influence and radiation of the "SCO Plus" model are continuously strengthening, which will effectively promote the global governance system to develop in a more just and equitable direction and promote peace and development in the region and the world.
(Our reporters Qu Pei, Zhao Yipu, Li Qiang, Xie Yahong, Qu Song, Bishkek and Beijing, September 1)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 杨 一 周 輖
On August 30, the China-Egypt Media High-Quality Belt and Road Cooperation Joint Interview Results Sharing Session, hosted by People's Daily, was held in Cairo, the capital of Egypt. At the sharing session, media professionals, experts, and scholars from both countries, drawing on the results of the joint interview, engaged in dialogue and exchange on strengthening media exchanges and cooperation and jointly telling the story of high-quality China-Egypt Belt and Road cooperation.
From August 23 to 27, journalists from People's Daily and 11 mainstream Egyptian media outlets, together with nearly 30 Egyptian experts, scholars, and internet influencers, visited multiple locations across Egypt and conducted joint interviews at the sites of China-Egypt cooperation projects.
"The joint interviews conducted by journalists from both countries told vivid stories of Egypt-China cooperation from different perspectives, achieving a transformation from traditional one-way news reporting to collaborative creation, which is of far-reaching significance." Sami Kamhawy, deputy editor-in-chief of Egypt's Al-Ahram newspaper, who once served as a correspondent in China and has visited 12 Chinese provinces, said that only on the basis of deep mutual understanding can Egypt-China media cooperation achieve steady and lasting progress.
Huda, deputy editor-in-chief of Egypt's Rose al-Yusuf magazine, shared her impressions from visiting the China-Egypt Suez Economic and Trade Cooperation Zone. She said that "development" is not an abstract concept but a clearly visible reality, and "seeing it with one's own eyes is the best way to understand the development of Egypt-China relations."
Ahmed Mohamed, a journalist with Egypt's Nile TV, said that the ancient Silk Road was a trade route connecting the East and the West, and moreover a bond that promoted exchanges of ideas, culture, and experience among the peoples of countries along the route. "Today, the Belt and Road Initiative is endowing it with new connotations, bringing participating countries even more closely together."
"This joint interview is a good opportunity to witness, record, and tell the story of China-Egypt common development." Shen Xiaoxiao, a reporter with the People's Daily Egypt Bureau, said, "Chinese and Egyptian journalists walking side by side connect the affinity and affection between the two peoples and write the dialogue and resonance between two ancient civilizations."
"This is a journey of discovery." Sameh Fawzy, a journalist with Egypt's Al-Akhbar newspaper, said that factories and universities contain the stories of Egypt-China cooperation — factories demonstrate the sharing of technological, engineering, and managerial experience between the two sides; universities carry the exchange of literature, ideas, and talent between the two sides.
"This land with a long history not only boasts the magnificent pyramids and the Nile, but also warm and friendly Egyptian friends." Dai Kairan, a reporter with the People's Daily Africa Center Bureau, said, "We are both recorders of China-Egypt cooperation and bridges for enhancing mutual understanding between the two peoples."
"The Nile and the Yangtze flow on without cease; we treasure the warmth of this golden time. Dear friends, your arrival has brought us tranquility and peace, and the bond between hearts and minds will never be interrupted..." At the sharing session, Ashraf, editor-in-chief of Egypt's Diplomatic News Network, recited with deep emotion a poem he composed after returning from the joint interview, expressing his feelings along the way and evoking resonance among the guests present.
"I have had the privilege of witnessing multiple landmark projects of Egypt-China cooperation, which are vivid footnotes to the friendship between the two countries." Abdel Halim, a journalist with the website of Egypt's Al-Gomhuria newspaper, said that these cooperation achievements reflect the profound friendship and mutual trust accumulated over the 70 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries, confirming that Egypt-China relations are a model of international relations based on peace, friendship, cooperation, and development.
Ahmed El-Sayed, president of Egypt's Hikma Cultural Industry Group, said that the distance between civilizations is never determined by how many kilometers apart they are geographically, but by whether they are willing to step toward each other. Under the pens of journalists from both countries, Egypt and China are no longer distant points on the map, but a reality that can be seen and engaged in dialogue.
Hassan Ragab, Egyptian director of the Confucius Institute at Suez Canal University, said that in recent years, the enthusiasm of Egyptian youth for learning Chinese has risen year by year, academic and cultural activities between the two countries have become increasingly frequent, and the media plays an irreplaceable role in this process.
Mohamed Osama (Chinese name Mu Xiaolong), Egyptian producer of the film Welcome to the Dragon Restaurant and founder of Dragon Bridge Media, said: "Enhancing mutual understanding between the two peoples is the responsibility we bear as media professionals, producers, and content creators. Let us jointly build a longer, wider, and stronger bridge of Egypt-China friendship."
(People's Daily, Cairo, September 1)
This newspaper, Kathmandu and Shenzhen, September 1 (Reporters Li Mo (李墨), Lü Shaogang (吕绍刚)) — At approximately 5:30 p.m. local time on September 1, a Chinese Air Force Y-20 large transport aircraft carrying China's second batch of emergency aid supplies to Nepal arrived at Kathmandu International Airport, the capital of Nepal, from Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport. Five DNA identification experts arrived on the same flight as China's third batch of aid experts to Nepal.
The aid supplies for this batch were configured according to Nepal's actual needs, including drones, DNA testing instruments and reagents, water purification equipment, lighting equipment, and other items urgently needed by Nepal, with a total weight of approximately 5.8 tons.
To ensure the aid supplies reached the disaster area as quickly as possible, China's Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外交部), Ministry of Commerce (商务部), General Administration of Customs (海关总署), China International Development Cooperation Agency (国家国际发展合作署), and other departments coordinated and cooperated, urgently locking down supply sources, gathering cargo at the port overnight for shipment, and rapidly completing relevant procedures at Shenzhen Bao'an International Airport for loading and departure.
Chinese Ambassador to Nepal Zhang Maoming (张茂明), together with Nepal's Minister of Science, Technology and Innovation Mahabir Pun and others, attended the aid handover ceremony and welcomed the expert team.
After arriving, the Chinese DNA identification experts will immediately proceed to the front line of the disaster area to assist Nepal in carrying out its work.
Return to TopMeng Fanzhe: Technological innovation is the engine driving high-quality development. Mianyang, Sichuan, is home to 20 national-level research institutes, and its abundance of scientific research resources is rare in the western region — yet it once faced the predicament of being "strong in science and technology, weak in industry." Today, its R&D investment intensity remains among the highest in the country, it has cultivated 24 national- and provincial-level industrial clusters, and by the end of the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the share of high-tech manufacturing value added had risen to 37.6%. What did Mianyang do right to bring about this innovative transformation?
Jiang Zhaowen: From the laboratory to the production line, there are multiple stages in between — technology verification, pilot-scale testing and amplification, market matching, and more — and no single party can cross them alone.
By serving well as the "innovation organizer," the Party Working Committee and Administrative Committee of the China (Mianyang) Science and Technology City (中国（绵阳）科技城党工委管委会) has been built into a "specialized, responsibility-bearing, professional" institution for coordinating the overall construction of the Science and Technology City; three "landmark platforms" have been established — the Photon Science and Technology Innovation City, the Low-Altitude Security High Ground, and the Low-Altitude Equipment Inspection, Testing and Certification Center; scientific researchers have been granted ownership of or long-term usage rights to job-related scientific and technological achievements... Mianyang has persisted in deepening reform to make the flow of innovation factors smoother. The close integration of an effective market and a proactive government, using the building of strong industrial chains and ecosystems around key industries as the lever to promote deep integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain — this is precisely the key that unlocks Mianyang's innovative transformation.
Meng Fanzhe: Speaking of integration, much of Mianyang's cutting-edge technology sits "behind the walls of the institutes." How can it rely on its abundant advantages in large institutes and major research institutions to develop competitive industries and better promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements from these institutes?
Jiang Zhaowen: A large number of transformed "Made in Mianyang" products from Changhong, Jiuzhou, and many other companies have already penetrated daily life and entered the international market. Promoting the exchange and complementarity of resources between institutes and localities helps maximize economic and other multiple benefits. For example, the anti-magnetic cryogenic temperature sensor developed by the Laser Fusion Research Center of the China Academy of Engineering Physics (中国工程物理研究院) can measure temperature with precision under extreme cold and strong magnetic field conditions, and can be applied in fields such as quantum computing, controlled nuclear fusion, and nuclear medicine. Today, Mianyang has innovatively established normalized docking mechanisms between institutes (universities) and localities, such as "Rongzhihui" (Wisdom Convergence) and "Kechahui" (Science-Industry Convergence), building a systematic reception channel for the transformation of institute technologies. Vigorously advancing institute-local collaborative innovation can not only break through existing technological bottlenecks more quickly, but also open up more industrial blue oceans and cultivate and expand new quality productive forces.
Meng Fanzhe: All localities are deepening the integration of the four chains. How does Mianyang, located in the west, view its own comparative advantages?
Jiang Zhaowen: Finding opportunities by proactively integrating into the broader development landscape is the inevitable choice for western cities to advance technological innovation. Since Mianyang signed the first cooperation framework agreement between non-adjacent cities in the Chengdu-Chongqing region with the Beibei District of Chongqing (重庆北碚区), the two sides have continuously expanded their cooperation areas, jointly established a science and technology innovation equity investment fund of 200 million yuan, and promoted the market launch of multiple innovative achievements.
The broader the vision, the greater the space for development. By building normalized supply-demand docking platforms and allocating innovation resources with an open perspective, a geographically inland hinterland can fully become a key node on the innovation chain.
Meng Fanzhe: Amidst a century of unprecedented change, we must both advance scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening with a sense of urgency, seize every moment to break through "bottleneck" problems, and also call for respecting the laws of scientific and technological innovation and leveraging more patient capital. What new requirements does this place on local governance?
Jiang Zhaowen: Unlike investment attraction and undertaking industrial transfers, the transformation of scientific and technological achievements has a longer cycle and greater uncertainty, which is a special test of local governance's patience and resolve. First, it is necessary to establish and practice a correct view of political achievements. One must not treat scientific and technological innovation with the short-sighted, utilitarian mentality of "producing numbers immediately." Instead, one should adhere to long-termism, carrying on the work one term after another, to ensure the continuity and stability of policy.
Second, it is necessary to cultivate an innovation ecosystem, which requires both "doing something" and "not doing something." "Doing something" means providing public services and institutional safeguards, helping innovation actors resolve worries such as property rights protection and living services; "not doing something" means restraining the impulse for excessive intervention and respecting the inherent laws and rhythm of innovation itself. A good innovation ecosystem means using institutional certainty to support the uncertainty of exploration. By doing what should be done well and leaving the space that should be left open, can the "key variable" of scientific and technological innovation be continuously transformed into the "maximum increment" of high-quality development.
Meng Fanzhe: To transform the "family assets" of science and technology into development advantages, the character "integration" (融) is of paramount importance. Serving well as the "innovation organizer" to promote deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation; building bridges for institute-local integration so that the living water of defense science and technology nourishes civilian industries; proactively integrating into national strategies to expand the innovation radius through openness and collaboration; cultivating an innovation ecosystem that connects industry, finance, academic institutions, and other forces... By adhering to a systematic approach, adapting measures to local conditions, and persevering over the long term, the central and western regions can equally make good use of the dividends of scientific and technological innovation, find effective paths to promote high-quality development through scientific and technological innovation, and each display their strengths and gain the initiative in cultivating and developing new quality productive forces.
Return to TopBy: 沈童睿
Time is life, and responsibility is heavier than Mount Tai. No matter how difficult, we must press forward; no matter how dangerous, we must overcome; as long as there is hope, we will not give up search and rescue.
Gyirong County (吉隆县), Tibet. On August 28, boarding a vehicle of the Armed Police troops, we traveled toward Gyirong Port (吉隆口岸). The further we went, the more 触目惊心 (chù mù jīng xīn - "startling to the eye, shocking to the heart," deeply shocking) the scene outside the window became. Wet and slippery mud, foot-pricking rubble, piled up into little "hills." Stepping on them, one foot deep, one foot shallow, one could easily stumble. At the road repair site, one side had steep and towering mountain walls, while on the other side the Gyirong Tsangpo (吉隆藏布) roared past carrying mud and sand. Being there, one could understand how great the difficulty of rescue was, and feel even more the significance of advancing toward danger.
Breaking through with determination, the mission must be accomplished, rescue personnel advance bravely. Looking at the vehicles lined up on National Highway 216, "when one place is in trouble, all sides come to support" immediately became concrete. The text on the vehicles marked the units of the rescue personnel: the People's Liberation Army, the Armed Police, fire rescue, China Anneng (中国安能)... Forces from all fronts, 各展所长 (gè zhǎn suǒ cháng - "each displays what they are good at," each contributing their strengths), 齐心协力 (qí xīn xié lì - "united in heart and aligned in strength," working together), racing to open roads and fully implementing rescue operations. The facts once again show that our Party has incomparably strong leadership and is the most reliable "mainstay" for the Chinese people when storms strike.
In the face of natural disasters and sudden crises, time is life, and responsibility is heavier than Mount Tai. Moving upon hearing the order, sending out all elite forces, demonstrating the firm determination and powerful capability to safeguard national security and protect the lives and property of the people.
An armed police soldier clearing mud, 24 years old, wore a "Party Member Assault Team" (党员突击队) armband on his left arm. Last year, he participated in the emergency rescue of the Dingri earthquake (定日地震). On August 26, he was training as usual when he suddenly received notice. Without the slightest hesitation, he quickly packed with his comrades, assembled, and boarded the vehicle. How severe was the disaster? How dangerous was the scene? At that time, the situation was still unclear. But with one order, everyone went forward 义无反顾 (yì wú fǎn gù - "duty-bound, no looking back," to proceed without hesitation).
"First, I trust that superiors will have scientific assessment and deployment; second, I know there's no time to wait, we must go, no discussion." Rescue operations are a highly professional specific action, and even more a solemn practice of faith and responsibility.
In addition to the determination to fight for time through action and the fearlessness to advance bravely toward danger, there is also the persistence to push deeper. The road repair operation area was located in a deep-cut valley of high mountains, close to the river channel, with steep mountain bodies on both sides and an extremely narrow construction surface. Large machinery could not operate simultaneously on multiple fronts, and there was insufficient space for equipment dispatch and turning to avoid obstacles. In addition, the flooded section was long, the water was deep, and the current was swift; we could only turn over debris, fill, and advance at the same time, and the operation progress was greatly constrained. Facing the complex working conditions, the rescue teams used multiple tactics to improve efficiency: adopting debris-turning relay and wading operations to carry out filling construction, laying large stones to stabilize the roadbed, and advancing section by section. When new difficulties appeared, new methods were found to solve them, never lightly retreating. Relying on firm determination and flexible tactics, the rescue passage continued to advance toward Gyirong Port.
No matter how difficult, we must press forward; no matter how dangerous, we must overcome. As long as there is hope, we will not give up search and rescue. The knocking sounds of detection, the working sounds of clearing obstacles, the shouting sounds of searching for traces, the digging sounds of machines... each sound was striking, conveying the firmness of not letting go and the determination to rescue. Roads were blocked, houses were buried, but the 分秒必争 (fēn miǎo bì zhēng - "every second must be fought for," racing against time) 全力以赴 (quán lì yǐ fù - "with all strength applied," going all out), and the unyielding perseverance of breaking through rocks, never weakened.
"People first, life first" (人民至上、生命至上) — it is precisely this value concept that unites everyone and gathers into a mighty force.
At present, rescue is still underway, and difficulties objectively exist. Advancing meter by meter, there is no shortcut but no retreat either. Everyone firmly believes that every persistence has meaning; everyone is 众志成城 (zhòng zhì chéng chéng - "united will becomes a city wall," unity is strength), going all out to fight this hard battle of rescue.
(The author is a reporter from the Political and Cultural Department of this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 余 璇
The "peak load, yet imperceptible to the public" power supply assurance answer sheet bears witness to China's firm and resolute pursuit of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, and the people-centered value pursuit of the electric power industry.
This summer, the national electricity load continued to operate at a high level, repeatedly setting new records. However, from the perspective of user experience, urban operations remained orderly, the lights of ten thousand households shone as usual, and daily electricity use was rarely troubled by power outages or load shedding. This contrast of "load meeting peak values, yet residents feeling nothing" is no accident; rather, it benefits from the stable supply of China's electric power system, demonstrating the notable achievements of China's construction of a new energy system.
Forward planning and building in peacetime lay a solid foundation for aggregate supply assurance.
China is a populous country with large electricity demand and considerable regional differences. Whether in project construction or emergency management, difficulties and challenges must be estimated more fully, and work measures must be considered more comprehensively. Only by laying out plans with appropriate foresight can the situation of "vehicles waiting for roads" be avoided, and the relationship between the present and the long term, and between supply and demand, be better coordinated.
As of the end of June this year, State Grid had completed a total of 43 ultra-high-voltage projects. From the great energy arteries running through the whole country, to the smooth "last kilometer" of urban and rural distribution networks, to the nearby support of flexible and intelligent microgrids, the coordinated linkage of main grids, distribution grids, and microgrids has woven a multi-level, three-dimensional power supply network. Ample supply steadily supports the ever-rising electricity demand, providing strong assurance for the brightly lit and brilliantly illuminated nights.
The rise of green electricity and regional coordination release space for incremental utilization.
China is a major hydropower country. The Baihetan Hydropower Station, located on the Jinsha River, has a maximum daily power generation capacity sufficient to meet the daily living electricity needs of 148 million people. In the first half of this year, the cumulative installed capacity of wind power and photovoltaics accounted for more than 48% of the nation's total installed power generation capacity, holding up "half the country's territory," and green electricity has increasingly become an important support for power supply assurance.
The outline of the 15th Five-Year Plan proposes to "deeply implement the new energy security strategy and accelerate the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy system." Facing the basic pattern of reverse distribution between energy resources and load centers, the construction of a national "one grid" for electricity is advancing steadily and rapidly. Relying on the electricity "highways" built by one ultra-high-voltage project after another, the light of the Gobi Desert, the wind of the grasslands, and the water of rivers are converted into electrical energy and "flash-delivered" to places thousands of miles away. The energy pattern of "transmitting electricity from the west to the east, supplying electricity from the north to the south, mutual assistance between hydropower and thermal power, and complementarity between wind and solar" is being accelerated, maximizing the conversion of resource advantages into power supply efficiency.
Technology empowerment and load-storage linkage deeply tap the dispatch potential of existing capacity.
Under the traditional supply assurance model, responding to peak loads relied mainly on expanding investment, building new power plants, and expanding the grid; now, technology empowerment has greatly enriched the means of peak shaving.
In Chengdu, Sichuan, a grid-side energy storage station has transformed into a giant "power bank," with a single charge capable of meeting the daily electricity needs of about 5,000 households; Qinghai has completed practical verification of computing-power-electricity coordination, with computing load routinely participating in "peak shaving and valley filling" dispatch... One change is particularly intuitive: in summer peak seasons, in the past, localities were most concerned about "whether the power supply is sufficient and whether the lines are congested"; today, more and more cities have begun to calculate "how much adjustable load there is and how fast the response speed is." Grid operation is more efficient and flexible, and the defense line of energy security is being built ever stronger.
Whether it is forward-looking layout, regional coordination, or technological optimization, all fully demonstrate the notable advantages of China's socialist system. The "peak load, yet imperceptible to the public" power supply assurance answer sheet is a development achievement guided by the new development philosophy, bearing witness to China's firm and resolute pursuit of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and the people-centered value pursuit of the electric power industry.
Accelerating the construction of a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy system, and always measuring work results by the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security as the yardstick, will surely further polish the value foundation of "people's livelihood first" in Chinese-style modernization.
The newly revised Regulations on the Administration of the Housing Provident Fund (住房公积金管理条例) explicitly provide that individual industrial and commercial households, part-time employees, and other flexible workers may voluntarily contribute to the fund; the scope of withdrawal and use has been broadened, with new withdrawal scenarios added such as renovating self-occupied housing and paying property management fees for self-occupied housing... The revised regulations took effect on September 20 this year, providing support for the people in their pursuit of better living conditions.
This is exactly:
Ten thousand mansions stand with quality high,
Old eaves gain luster, new looks they try.
Sound policies arrive in time, steady support they lend,
Dwelling in good homes, joy has no end.
Shen Qiuwen
To "solve problems," first "explain the reasoning"
Li Yanjiao (李妍娇), Qiemo County, Xinjiang
I came across a short video that gave me a new understanding of grassroots governance. A food-delivery rider was stopped after running a red light and questioned the officer: "Traffic lights exist to maintain order — if there are no cars on either side, why can't I cross?" I expected the traffic police officer to end the conversation with "those are the rules," but instead he patiently explained, analyzing from multiple angles — law, safety, behavioral science, the traffic system — and thoroughly laid out the deeper logic of upholding the uniformity of the law, the blind spots of individual perspective, and the hidden dangers of dangerous habits. In the end, the rider was fully convinced.
Solving the problem is the urgent task, but explaining the reasoning clearly is the long-term solution. In reality, behind bottlenecks there are often mental sticking points; if the knot is not untied and the heart's tangle not smoothed out, the problem cannot be thoroughly resolved. As in the video, if the officer had simply fined him and been done with it, the rider might temporarily stop running red lights, but the侥幸心理 (fluke mentality) of "if there are no cars, I can cross" would remain, and perhaps before long he would violate the law again. Only by explaining the reasoning to the very core of people's hearts, so that the masses truly understand and identify with it, can problems be prevented from recurring at the root — treating the "existing illness" while also preventing the "undiagnosed illness."
To explain the reasoning thoroughly, Party members and cadres must first themselves "know the why behind it." If policies are merely forwarded layer by layer and read out mechanically, without answering questions or engaging in exchange, implementation will easily go off course, or even have everyone "blowing their own horn." Only by first making clear and understandable "why we do it" can everyone better think with one mind and exert strength in one direction.
"Convince and obey" — only when people first believe the reasoning do they accept the management. Cultivate the true skill of "solving problems," and nurture the deep craft of "explaining reasoning" — only then can one resolve one problem, smooth the hearts of a whole community, and regulate one category of phenomena, better achieving lasting peace and order.
"Getting stuck on words" must not become "getting stuck in action"
Wu Cheng (吴城), Changzhou City, Jiangsu
When working at the grassroots level, understanding and speaking the local dialect is a difficult hurdle. In reality, a small number of young cadres stationed in villages habitually use "I can't understand" or "I can't speak it" as an excuse to skirt around problems. For example, when villagers greet them in dialect, they wave their hands repeatedly and hurry away; when the masses report urgent difficulties and worries, they rely entirely on other village cadres to translate; when faced with neighborhood disputes, they can only retreat because of the language barrier... Over time, grassroots training becomes a mere "going through the motions," disappointing the expectations of the masses and wasting the opportunity to temper their skills.
In grassroots work, the language barrier is only the surface appearance; not applying one's heart and feelings is the crux. Learning a dialect is indeed not easy, but one must not let "getting stuck on words" in dialect cause "getting stuck in action" in practical work. If there is genuine sincerity, even if one speaks haltingly, as long as one is willing to sit on the same bench as the common people, even with gestures mixed in, one can close the distance and solve problems. If one merely hides in the comfort zone, floats on the surface, and cannot go deep among the masses, one will only let precious time slip away in vain and leave the masses disheartened.
Being stationed in a village is not "gilding" but "refining gold." The organization must assign good guides and wield the baton well, helping young cadres sink down and integrate in. If local cadres treat them as "passers-by," only "letting them roam free" without passing on experience and mentoring, then stationed cadres themselves will not develop a sense of belonging, let alone put down roots. Of course, this hurdle of language ultimately must be crossed by oneself. Be good at "apprenticing to a master" — steel yourself to speak more, set aside face to ask more, and take steps to visit more — only then can you grasp the key to communication in everyday chatter and shoulder responsibility in relieving difficulties and solving problems.
Return to TopSay No to "Involuntary Appearance on Camera"
Hai Chao
At present, many people, without knowing it, have become "background boards" in livestream shots, and are even subjected to 评头论足 (píng tóu lùn zú - "comment on heads, discuss feet," to criticize and gossip about others) by watching netizens. "Involuntary appearance on camera" in public places infringes on the right to privacy, and the public has the right to say no. The question is: how should this right be safeguarded? Who should safeguard it?
The escort of the rule of law is the most important. For example, in Hubei, the relevant authorities have already handled multiple public interest litigation cases in which business premises aimed cameras at consumers and followed them. Local authorities, in accordance with the Civil Code and other laws and regulations, ordered the relevant merchants to stop the infringement, apologize, and compensate reasonable costs of rights protection. At the same time, local procuratorial organs also coordinated with cyberspace administration, market regulation, and other departments to improve the efficiency of handling such cases. It can be seen that filming and livestreaming in public places is by no means something merchants can do "shoot whenever they want, broadcast whenever they want."
Platform management must also be strengthened. Some public-place livestreams attract netizens' attention through outrageous content and eye-catching comments, forming a vicious cycle. In this regard, platforms must consolidate their primary responsibility, urge livestream room operators and livestream marketing personnel to operate in accordance with laws and regulations, and strictly hold the bottom line and red line.
"Without consent, no filming" should become a broad consensus. Regulation should also be accelerated, breaking the strange circle of "infringement is easy, rights protection is difficult," and effectively safeguarding the public's right to refuse to appear on camera.
(Excerpted from Guangxi Daily, original title: "Safeguard the Public's Right to Refuse to Appear on Camera")
Don't Let Exhibition Typos Become a Laughingstock
Long Minfei
Recently, some individual museum exhibitions have had problems such as textual errors and inappropriate expressions, attracting attention. For this reason, the National Cultural Heritage Administration (国家文物局) issued a notice requiring all localities to 举一反三 (jǔ yī fǎn sān - "raise one, infer three," to draw inferences from one instance), strengthen the review of exhibition content, and ensure that problems are dynamically cleared to zero.
Judging from public reports, similar errors are not only relatively low-level, but also appear frequently, dissolving the authority of exhibitions. At a deeper level, this stems from the failure of management responsibility. Some museums emphasize "exhibition" over "management," seek novelty and speed in display arrangement, and make review a mere formality; some even outsource content and act as "hands-off shopkeepers," allowing low-level errors to get a green light all the way until they become a laughingstock.
Museums are guardians of history and disseminators of culture. Verification and rectification must shift from correcting individual cases to 标本兼治 (biāo běn jiān zhì - "treat both the branch and the root," to address both symptoms and root causes). The main responsible persons of museums and exhibition responsible persons must strictly take responsibility for and strictly check content, compressing the possibility of errors from the source. Regulatory departments must carry out normalized supervision and inspection, strengthening mechanism construction in terms of review and gatekeeping, audience feedback, and other aspects.
A small error misleads tens of thousands of viewers; one moment of negligence consumes professional credibility accumulated over many years. Taking the correction of exhibit text explanations as an opportunity, establish a whole-chain error-prevention mechanism, strengthen review and gatekeeping, and avoid typos 贻笑大方 (yí xiào dà fāng - "leave oneself open to ridicule by experts," to become a laughingstock) — only then can museums be worthy of the audience's trust and expectation.
(Excerpted from Yunnan Daily, original title: "Don't Let Typos Become Eye-catching Exhibits in Museums")
Return to TopEmail for this section: rmrbpl@peopledaily.cn (Please indicate the column name in your submission)
Return to TopBy: 新华社记者
Building international science and technology innovation centers is a major strategic decision made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core. Relying on the prominent advantages of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in having a solid economic foundation and rich innovation resources, the functions of the three major international science and technology innovation center regions as sources of original innovation, leaders of high-end industry, and gatherers of top-tier talent have continued to strengthen, and the practical achievements of innovation-driven development have continued to emerge.
In the themed interview activity of the "Vibrant China Research Tour," Xinhua News Agency reporters fanned out in multiple groups and entered the three major international science and technology innovation centers to feel the vitality and pulse of the frontline of scientific and technological innovation.
On September 1, Xinhua News Agency launched the 35th episode of the "China Economic Roundtable" large-scale all-media interview program, inviting Chen Baoming, Director of the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China under the Ministry of Science and Technology, Yi Tong, Director of the Institute of Innovation Development Strategy of the Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Zhang Zhengang, Professor at the School of Business Administration of South China University of Technology, and Zha Hao, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Shanghai Sling Technology Co., Ltd., to conduct in-depth discussions on topics such as the construction practices of the three major international science and technology innovation centers, the enhancement of original innovation capabilities, and regional synergy empowering high-quality industrial development, decoding the practical results and forward paths of innovation-driven development.
The construction of international science and technology innovation centers is advancing steadily and swiftly (tí jí bù wěn - "with swift steps and steady pace," progressing rapidly yet stably).
In Beijing, by the shores of Yanqi Lake, with the open sharing of scientific research infrastructure such as the High Energy Photon Source as a link, Huairou Science City continues to promote international open cooperation, gathering global innovation forces to jointly build a new highland of science and technology.
In Shanghai, the locality is accelerating its exploration of new paths for cultivating artificial intelligence (AI) talent. Robots now have "pre-employment physical examination" institutions, and the country's first future industry cluster for brain-computer interfaces, "Brain Intelligence World," continues to stimulate innovation vitality.
In the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, AI worker colleagues taking up their posts have made smart workshops more efficient and cost-effective, computing power and manufacturing "joining hands" to greatly improve assembly efficiency and quality. The "1+1+1" joint funding program jointly established by the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province and Hong Kong universities operating in Guangdong and their mainland cooperative campuses has enabled the Greater Bay Area to activate its innovation genes through collaboration.
"Looking at the laws of global development, international science and technology innovation centers are an important hallmark of a technologically powerful nation. Building the three major international science and technology innovation centers to a high standard is the necessary path for China to achieve high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening," Chen Baoming said.
The 2025 Central Economic Work Conference proposed building the Beijing (Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei), Shanghai (Yangtze River Delta), and Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area international science and technology innovation centers. Expanding the Beijing International Science and Technology Innovation Center to the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Shanghai International Science and Technology Innovation Center to the Yangtze River Delta marks a new stage in the construction of international science and technology innovation centers, moving from breakthroughs in individual cities to a new phase of regional synergy and integrated development.
Chen Baoming explained that after the expansion, the share of the three major international science and technology innovation centers in the nation's total economic output and R&D investment has increased significantly, driving the steady improvement of China's overall innovation strength.
Yi Tong explained that Beijing, as the core engine of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei International Science and Technology Innovation Center, fully releases the advantages of its scientific, educational, and talent resources,统筹 optimizes the regional innovation spatial layout, and constructs a north-south synergistic pattern in which the north focuses on original innovation source generation and the south undertakes industrial scale-up implementation, opening up the complete chain from scientific research breakthroughs to industrialization.
According to statistics, Beijing's全社会 R&D investment intensity has long remained above 6%, ranking among the forefront of global innovative cities, of which basic research funding accounts for about 16%. The total revenue of Zhongguancun enterprises accounts for one-sixth of the total revenue of the nation's national high-tech zones. Beijing has formed three trillion-yuan-level industrial clusters in new-generation information technology, science and technology services, and medicine and health, as well as seven hundred-billion-yuan-level industrial clusters such as intelligent manufacturing and equipment, accumulating solid momentum for collaborative innovation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.
The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, based on its complete industrial system and rich application scenarios, combined with the scientific research and internationalization resource advantages of Hong Kong and Macao, has built a multi-level innovation platform system.
Zhang Zhengang introduced that at present, the Greater Bay Area has deployed 10 national major science and technology infrastructure projects, and the effectiveness of scientific and technological innovation empowering industrial upgrading continues to be released, forming 10 trillion-yuan-level industrial clusters such as new-generation electronic information. In 2025, a total of 24 innovation clusters in China ranked among the global top 100, ranking first in the world for three consecutive years, of which the "Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Guangzhou" innovation cluster jumped to first place globally for the first time, and the "Macao-Zhuhai" innovation cluster's ranking continued to rise. The Greater Bay Area has become an extremely vibrant innovation highland globally.
The construction of the three major international science and technology innovation centers has created important conditions for science and technology enterprises to carry out underlying technology research breakthroughs.
"Taking Shanghai as an example, by building public platforms for scientific intelligence and opening up industrial application scenarios, strong support is provided for enterprise technology iteration," Zha Hao introduced. Based on 10 years of scientific research accumulation, the enterprise adheres to independent research and development of integrated software and hardware, builds a new scientific computing simulation platform, compressing simulation calculations for drugs and new materials that previously took several years to just a few days, effectively serving technological breakthroughs in key fields such as new drug development and new material creation. Practice shows that the regional innovation system can effectively promote the deep penetration of artificial intelligence and the industrial internet into production scenarios, and practically promote the improvement of quality and efficiency in manufacturing.
The main source of original innovation is accelerating its formation
The Beijing National Institute of Biological Sciences, which has no rank, no professional titles, and no staffing quota, and is jokingly called a "three-no" institution, is a "test field" for the reform of the science and technology system, where multiple original innovation achievements have been born. This is a microcosm of the three major international science and technology innovation centers accelerating the formation of the main source of original innovation.
After the expansion, the differentiated development pattern of the three major international science and technology innovation centers has become further clarified:
Beijing's number of highly cited scientists ranks among the forefront of global cities, with prominent advantages in original innovation; Shanghai has produced a batch of leading original achievements in the fields of physics, chemistry, and life sciences; the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area promotes the convenient cross-border flow of scientific research elements, with high-tech enterprises and PCT patent applications ranking among the forefront of the country.
"At the same time, we must also clearly see that, facing the requirements of building world-class sources of scientific and technological innovation, the supply of original and disruptive achievements in the three major centers is still insufficient, and the level of innovation source generation capacity needs further improvement," Chen Baoming said.
Strengthening original innovation source generation capacity requires both strengthening scientific research platforms and removing institutional and mechanistic obstacles.
Yi Tong stated that Beijing deeply implements the leading action plan for basic research, ensures the efficient operation of national laboratories and national key laboratories, and strengthens research in frontier science and interdisciplinary disciplines. In response to the long-standing bottlenecks in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, the "Beijing Municipal Regulations on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements" was formulated, and policies such as "Several Measures on Unblocking the Bottlenecks in the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements of Universities, Research Institutes, and Medical and Health Institutions in Beijing" were issued.
The advantage of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area lies in the deep coupling of scientific and technological innovation and industry, while its shortcomings are concentrated in the need to strengthen basic research capabilities and the existence of barriers to the cross-border flow of innovation elements.
Zhang Zhengang introduced that in order to make up for the shortcomings in source innovation, Guangdong has implemented the ten-year "Zhuoyue" (Outstanding Guangdong) plan for basic research, investing more than one-third of provincial-level special funds for scientific and technological innovation strategy into basic research, and deploying major original projects around quantum technology, biomanufacturing, hydrogen energy and nuclear fusion, brain-computer interfaces, embodied intelligence, and sixth-generation mobile communications. It is accelerating the construction of large scientific device clusters, laying out and building major science and technology infrastructure, gathering global high-end resources, and building internationalized, clustered, and networked basic research consortia, strongly supporting the construction of the regional modern industrial system.
Original innovation has the characteristics of long cycles, high risks, and large investment. A large number of laboratory achievements are difficult to industrialize, and the weak pilot-scale testing (中试) link is a prominent bottleneck.
Zha Hao said that Shanghai, around the development of the scientific intelligence industry, is exploring the construction of a complete support system that runs through laboratories, pilot-scale testing, and mass production, using high-throughput experiments, engineering simulation, cell-free protein culture and other means to reduce pilot-scale testing costs. At the same time, it is establishing unified data collection standards,沉淀 the data from scientific research, pilot-scale testing, and production processes into important resources for artificial intelligence empowering scientific research breakthroughs, and building an innovation closed loop of "industry proposing needs, scientific research carrying out breakthroughs, platforms providing support, and the market testing results."
Leading industrial upgrading through scientific and technological innovation
Entering the Suzhou Comprehensive Innovation Center for Embodied Intelligence Robots, various humanoid and quadruped robots are undergoing gait debugging. On one side of the training ground, the sign of "Harbin Institute of Technology Suzhou Research Institute" is particularly conspicuous. Teachers and students from Harbin Institute of Technology are stationed here permanently. When enterprises encounter technical needs during practical training, the two sides can directly connect and collaborate on site to tackle problems.
Scientific and technological innovation talent directly下沉 to enterprises, opening up the "last mile" of scientific and technological innovation leading industrial upgrading.
During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, by continuously optimizing institutions and mechanisms and promoting the efficient allocation and flow of innovation elements such as talent, technology, capital, and data, the radiation and driving effects of the three major international science and technology innovation centers will be fully released, providing strong scientific and technological innovation momentum for high-quality development.
Chen Baoming believes that it is necessary to deepen cross-regional collaborative innovation, promote joint scientific research, sharing of scientific and technological resources, and mutual recognition of innovation policies among the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and enhance the overall efficiency of the national innovation system. It is necessary to get rid of the inertial thinking of "first having achievements, then doing transformation," promote basic research, applied research, and technology development in an integrated manner,统筹 coordinate scientific research breakthroughs, achievement transformation, standard development, and industrial cultivation, synergistically promote the integrated construction of education, science and technology, and talent, promote a virtuous cycle of science and technology, industry, and finance, and open up the practical channel from being strong in science and technology to being strong in industry and strong in the economy.
Beijing will统筹 promote the full-chain layout of "from 0 to 1" original innovation, "from 1 to 10" achievement maturation, and "from 10 to 100" industrial scale-up. Yi Tong stated that at the level of original innovation, it will continue to strengthen basic research and disruptive technology breakthroughs; at the level of achievement transformation, it will strengthen professional service institutions such as concept verification centers and small-scale pilot testing platforms, and increase the supply of open innovation scenarios; at the level of industrial cultivation, it will strengthen the dominant position of enterprises in innovation and support them in undertaking major national science and technology tasks. It will deepen the统筹 reform of education, science and technology, and talent, improve the enterprise R&D reserve fund system, and give play to the demonstration role of the Zhongguancun Science and Technology Innovation Financial Reform Pilot Zone.
The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area should continue to deepen the connection of rules and alignment of mechanisms, transforming institutional differences into institutional dividends. Zhang Zhengang believes that pilot programs can be carried out first on major platforms such as Hetao, Qianhai, Hengqin, and Nansha, continuously promoting the cross-border use of scientific research funds, mutual recognition of professional qualification for talent, and reform of cross-border data flow, forming replicable and scalable experience. It should adhere to gradient collaborative development, build a regional layout in which "Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao focus on source innovation, the Pearl River Delta solidly implements engineering and industrialization, and eastern, western, and northern Guangdong undertake the spillover and transformation of distinctive achievements," and promote the deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain.
"In cultivating and developing new quality productive forces, the industry should establish a long-termism-oriented innovation orientation, focus on the real bottlenecks of the industry to carry out hard-core original research, and abandon the path dependence of following trends and imitation," Zha Hao said. The three major international science and technology innovation centers gather multiple advantages of platforms, policies, and scenarios, providing fertile soil for the growth of science and technology enterprises. Enterprises should actively integrate into the regional innovation system, deepen industry-university-research collaboration, and rely on public innovation platforms to complete technology polishing and ecosystem cultivation. At the same time, they should make good use of the opening-up window role of the three major international science and technology innovation centers, connect with global innovation resources, and promote underlying technology achievements to empower thousands of industries.
At present, China's scientific and technological innovation has entered a new stage of original innovation breakthroughs, deep integration of industry and research, and regional synergy and linkage. The interviewed guests stated that it is necessary to continue to give play to the source-generation and traction role of the three major international science and technology innovation centers, continuously solve the bottlenecks and difficulties in the innovation chain, fully transform innovation momentum into development effectiveness, and provide solid and powerful scientific and technological support for accelerating the construction of a technologically powerful nation and advancing Chinese-style modernization.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 1 — Xinhua reporters Hu Zhe, Ma Xiaocheng, Bao He, Sun Qing)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李心萍
On August 31, the 62-day summer railway travel period concluded successfully. From July 1 to August 31, the national railway arranged an average of 11,623 passenger trains per day, cumulatively transporting 954 million passenger trips; 699 tourist trains were operated, including 415 dedicated tourist trains and 284 tourist route services.
Since the issuance of the "Several Measures on Promoting Integrated Development of Railways and Tourism and Expanding Service Consumption," the railway sector has continuously expanded new railway tourism supply and innovated diversified consumption scenarios.
What kind of sparks can railway-tourism integration produce? What new experiences does it offer? On this, reporters conducted interviews.
At 20:48 on August 11, accompanied by a long, melodious whistle, the "Central Plains Railway · Great River South" seaside and grassland summer resort special train slowly departed from Zhengzhou Station, beginning a 7-day, 6-night loop journey through Shanhaiguan and Bashang Grassland.
This train has a capacity of 248 passengers, with the entire train designed with soft sleeper compartments, offering double, triple, and quadruple occupancy rooms to meet the travel needs of different groups. Moreover, each room type is equipped with an independent bathroom, providing a "mobile hotel" style travel experience.
Service is one of the key competitive advantages of long-distance tourist trains. Wu Longjun, train manager of the "Central Plains Railway · Great River South," introduced: "We are committed to providing integrated services, linking transportation, accommodation, sightseeing, dining, and other segments into a chain."
On the train, the train steward is "online" 24 hours a day, providing full-process care from daily living arrangements to itinerary consultation; off the train, at every scenic spot, a professional local tour guide accompanies passengers. "This is my second time riding the 'Central Plains Railway · Great River South' tourist train. The steward's professionalism and attentiveness make me feel very at ease," said Aunt Zheng from Zhengzhou, Henan.
"The 'Central Plains Railway · Great River South' will subsequently plan to operate multiple themed tourist routes, including long-distance routes in the Northeast and the full Hubei-Henan-Anhui route around the Dabie Mountains, forming a product matrix suitable for all seasons and staggered travel," introduced Han Wei, chairman of Henan Central Plains Railway Tourism Group Co., Ltd.
Some tourist special trains focus on long-distance travel, while others focus on short-distance trips.
The "Starlight · Yan-Zhao" sightseeing tourist train slowly departed from Beijing Station. Boarding the "Starlight · Yan-Zhao," passenger Feng Tianliang could not help but praise it: "The exterior of the train features exquisite Peking Opera patterns, and the interior walls of the carriages are covered with ancient painting wallpaper."
Jin Song, director of the Market Expansion Office of the Passenger Transport Department of China Railway Beijing Group, introduced that, on the premise of meeting safety standards, the railway department refitted seven carriages, integrating sightseeing, dining, entertainment, and other functions, with a total passenger capacity of 216, with passenger seats mainly distributed across four sightseeing carriages.
Short-distance tourist trains represented by the "Starlight · Yan-Zhao" are transforming means of transportation into mobile sightseeing living rooms, making the train itself part of the scenery. Data shows that during the summer travel period, the national railway cumulatively operated 415 dedicated tourist trains.
In addition to dedicated tourist trains, the railway department has also launched tourist route products. Compared with dedicated tourist trains, tourist routes rely on regularly scheduled train services, using trains as the primary mode of transportation to connect major scenic areas.
For example, China Railway Hohhot Group launched the "Grassland Train" tourist route, relying on train K896 to connect multiple key scenic areas including the Yuan Shangdu ruins, Duolun Lake, and Ashitu Stone Forest.
"Compared with dedicated tourist trains, tourist route products are more flexible. Groups of 3 to 5 people can form a tour, and scenic spot selection can also be customized," introduced Wang Pin, deputy manager of the travel agency company of Inner Mongolia Huitie Tourism Advertising Group Co., Ltd.
Taking the "Grassland Train" tourist route as an example, after boarding in Hohhot, passengers can choose to get off at the second stop, Sanggendalai Station, to visit the Yuan Shangdu ruins and stay overnight in a grassland yurt to watch the stars, or they can choose to get off at Jingpeng Station and stay in a hot spring hotel to relax in the hot springs.
Using trains as a means of transportation, what is the difference between tourist routes and regular trains?
The timetable is carefully selected. The train schedules of tourist routes are often precisely designed to be more convenient for passengers to get off and sightsee.
The trains undergo moderate modification. Unlike the major renovations of dedicated tourist trains, tourist route trains often undergo certain age-friendly and comfort-oriented modifications, while also implementing full-chain visual design for train body signage, vehicle stickers, tablecloths, headrests, and carriage display boards.
Supporting services are more abundant. "Hospitable Shandong · Qilu No. 1" has selected specialty local foods and snacks, themed cultural and creative products, intangible cultural heritage art exhibitions, and other distinctive cultural tourism resources, and is equipped with leisure and entertainment spaces such as tea rooms and children's activity areas.
More importantly, tourist routes are often jointly launched by railway departments and local cultural tourism departments, and passengers can enjoy discounts on scenic area tickets, accommodation, and dining with their train tickets. During the summer travel period, a total of 284 tourist routes were operated nationwide.
Starting June 11, the railway introduced a new measure: child passengers can also purchase railway tourism multi-ride tickets, priced at 50 percent of the adult ticket, implementing a "discount on top of discount." What discounts and conveniences do tourism multi-ride tickets offer?
The tourism multi-ride ticket product operates on the model of "one purchase, segmented travel, valid for 15 days." Purchasers can independently choose 2 to 10 travel segments between designated stations, with each segment being a single trip, one-way, designated class, and all ticket prices enjoy discounts of varying degrees.
In August, Kang Bohan, a prospective college student from Quanzhou, Fujian, decided to take the high-speed rail with his parents to Xiamen, Fuzhou, and other places. Before departure, Kang Bohan selected the "Search Fujian" tourism multi-ride ticket product in the "Multi-ride · Periodic Ticket" section of Railway 12306. Subsequently, among the 11 stations in 4 cities provided by the product, he selected in advance 4 travel segments: Quanzhou to Xiamen, Xiamen to Fuzhou, Fuzhou to Wuyishan North, and Wuyishan North to Quanzhou, and submitted the order and paid the fare.
Li Ming, an engineer in the Passenger Transport Department of China Railway Nanchang Group, reminded that after purchasing the ticket, passengers need to activate the product within 30 days. Within 15 days after activation, they can take any train on the selected travel segments. "If the itinerary changes, passengers can change their reservation free of charge before boarding."
In addition, after confirming their travel needs, passengers can reserve seats in advance when trains have remaining tickets, or they can swipe their valid ID cards to board the train directly.
Currently, there are 27 railway tourism multi-ride ticket products nationwide, connecting rich cultural and tourism resources along the routes, breaking the previous transit tourism model of "single-day round trips and cursory sightseeing," guiding passengers to stay in multiple cities along the route, and promoting long-distance in-depth tourism as a new trend in cultural tourism.
Beijing, September 1 (Reporter Wang Yunshan (王云杉)) — The reporter learned from the National Energy Administration (国家能源局) that as of the end of July this year, China's solar photovoltaic power generation installed capacity reached 1.286 billion kilowatts, of which centralized solar photovoltaic accounted for 704 million kilowatts and distributed solar photovoltaic accounted for 582 million kilowatts. Solar photovoltaic installed capacity has for the first time surpassed coal power (whose installed capacity stands at 1.285 billion kilowatts), becoming the largest power source category in China by installed scale.
In July this year, newly added solar photovoltaic installed capacity reached 13.73 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 43%. In the first seven months of this year, solar photovoltaic power generation reached 802.4 billion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 15.5%, exceeding the growth rate of total society-wide electricity consumption by 10.8 percentage points; the share of solar photovoltaic power generation in total society-wide electricity consumption has already reached 13%, an increase of 1.7 percentage points over the full-year level of last year. In recent years, solar photovoltaic installed capacity and power generation have continued to maintain a relatively rapid growth trend, and their role in safeguarding electricity supply and promoting the energy transition has become increasingly prominent.
Return to TopBeijing, September 1 (Reporter Lin Lili) — To standardize the coordination process between human and intelligent customer service, China's first national standard focusing on the coordination mechanism between human customer service and intelligent customer service, Customer Contact Service — Requirements for Human and Intelligent Customer Service Coordination (GB/T 47746—2026), took effect on September 1, aiming to address current problems in the customer contact service industry such as arbitrary task assignment, service disconnection during handovers, unsynchronized data synchronization, and uneven service quality.
The new standard puts forward clear requirements for the service scope of intelligent customer service and human customer service: when users need human intervention, they should be able to smoothly reach a human customer service representative, with clear entry points that must not be hidden layer by layer; division of labor should be scientific, with simple issues handled by AI and complex disputes promptly transferred to human agents; the human-machine handover should be well executed, consumers must not be made to repeat their problems repeatedly, and when conditions are met, the system should automatically transfer to a human agent.
Return to TopBy: 人民网记者 申佳平 方经纶
The consumption demands of county and township residents are becoming increasingly diverse, and more branded chain enterprises are moving down to the county level. The "2026 China Convenience Store Development Report" jointly released by the China Chain Store & Franchise Association and KPMG shows that the share of chain-brand convenience store openings in third-tier and below cities has risen from 41% in 2024 to 47% in 2025.
The "small grocery store" at the doorstep is becoming a new window for observing the county and township consumer market.
Data from the State Administration for Market Regulation shows: as of the end of July, the number of registered individual businesses in the downward market exceeded 78 million, of which 86% are engaged in service-related industries. In recent years, many individual businesses have become natural "partners" in brand expansion. Chain enterprises attract individual businesses with lower franchise costs, giving outdated storefronts a completely new look and significantly improving product richness and the consumer experience.
It is not only convenience stores — more and more chain brands are accelerating their layout in county and township markets. It is understood that Hema Fresh is accelerating its layout in third-tier and below cities and county areas. Earlier this year, data showed that Luckin Coffee's store count in county areas had exceeded 7,400, entering 1,550 counties and county-level cities.
Large potential does not mean the consumption environment is already complete. A questionnaire survey by the Ministry of Commerce shows that nearly half of rural residents surveyed said that the limited variety of goods is a key pain point in offline consumption. Li Jialu, Director of the Department of Circulation Industry Development of the Ministry of Commerce, recently stated at a press conference: in the next step, more brand chain enterprises will be guided to move down to the county level; the downward move cannot simply imitate or copy urban models, but must better adapt to county consumption demand and truly integrate into the county commercial ecosystem.
To guide chain enterprises in accelerating their downward move, the Ministry of Commerce and eight other departments jointly issued the "Opinions on Further Stimulating the Vitality of the Downward Market and Activating County Consumption." The Opinions propose "simplifying approval procedures for opening supermarkets and convenience stores" and "implementing 'one license, multiple locations' for chain enterprises and commercial individual businesses in the same eligible county area," among other measures.
Employment opportunities are also worth attention. The Opinions clearly state: "support enterprise headquarters or platform enterprises in laying out business outlets and business units in eligible county areas to expand employment capacity." It can be foreseen that as the number of chain-brand stores increases, more jobs will be created in distribution, warehousing, digital operations, and other links, enriching channels for county residents to increase income and further activating county consumption. Demand is rising, enterprises are moving down, and policy is paving the way — brand chains are opening up new space for county consumption.
Return to TopOur newspaper Lanzhou, September 1 (Reporter Song Chaojun) — On September 1, Gansu Province's public data resource registration platform and authorized operation platform were officially launched and put into operation. Gansu Province's public data has entered a new stage of standardized registration, standardized management, market-oriented operation, and full-process supervision, laying a solid foundation for activating the value of data elements and empowering high-quality development of the digital economy.
The Gansu Province public data resource registration platform is the unified registration entry point and management carrier for the province's public data resources, providing full-process digital services such as registration application, review and public announcement, resource inquiry, evidence preservation management, and statistical analysis. The platform has achieved interconnection with the national public data resource registration platform, promoting unified registration, standardized management, and efficient utilization of Gansu Province's public data resources. The Gansu Province public data resource authorized operation platform is an important carrier for the province's public data authorization management, operation implementation, and supervision and management, providing full-process services such as authorization application, compliance review, data development, product management, out-of-domain review, call supervision, metrological statistics, and audit tracing.
By: 本报记者 韩 鑫
September is Green Travel Publicity Month, and the theme of this year's campaign is "Green Travel, Better Life."
The "15th Five-Year Plan" outline proposes "carrying out nationwide green and low-carbon actions" and "prioritizing green travel modes." In Shenzhen, Guangdong, subways carry full loads of passengers to their destinations; in Yanjiao, Hebei, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei customized express buses go directly to Beijing's Guomao; in Chengdu, Sichuan, cyclists on the Tianfu Greenway merge into the flow toward rail transit stations...
Subway, bus, cycling... Before we know it, such travel combinations have become the commuting norm in many cities. In 2025, over 200 million person-trips per day nationwide choose green travel modes, and a green travel landscape of "rail as the skeleton, bus as the arteries, and slow traffic as the capillaries" is spreading across many cities.
The average green travel ratio in 36 typical cities reaches 73.9%
One-tap QR code scanning, opening navigation, securing the phone... At 8 a.m., Mr. Wang, a resident of Chaoyang District, Beijing, skillfully unlocks a shared bicycle and heads to his shop 6 kilometers away.
"Cycling meets my commuting needs and also lets me exercise at the same time — killing two birds with one stone!" Mr. Wang said that over the years, he has worked as a programmer, run a dessert shop, and now operates a pet store, but his habit of cycling to work has never changed.
Such cycling experiences are not isolated cases. Meituan platform data shows that over the past five years, shared bicycle and e-bike users have accumulated a total riding distance of 46.2 billion kilometers, reducing carbon emissions by approximately 2.64 million tons. Shared cycling has become deeply integrated into citizens' daily lives and has become the preferred commuting mode for more and more people.
"Green travel is an eco-friendly, green, low-carbon, intensive and efficient travel system with urban public transportation and slow traffic as its main components," said Chen Xumei, chief engineer of the Urban Center of the China Academy of Transportation Sciences under the Ministry of Transport. Carbon emissions from transportation account for about 10 percent of the national total, of which road transport is the absolute main contributor. Promoting green travel plays an important role in alleviating traffic congestion and promoting energy conservation and carbon reduction.
In Chen Xumei's view, green travel in Chinese cities is transforming from policy advocacy into the public's active choice —
The scale continues to expand. Currently, about 100 million person-trips per day nationwide are made by urban rail transit, 100 million person-trips by ground bus, and 24 million person-trips by shared bicycle. The "Research Report on Green Travel Development in Typical Cities (2024)" shows that the average green travel ratio in 36 typical cities is 73.9 percent, of which the average green travel ratio in mega-cities reaches 75.4 percent, and the urban commuting travel structure continues to become "greener."
The pool of potential users is enormous. In recent years, with the rapid development of metropolitan areas, the population commuting across cities has continued to increase. According to the "2025 China Major Cities Commuting Monitoring Report," the commuting population of 22 super-large and extra-large cities nationwide is about 100 million people, of which cross-city commuters account for about 4 percent. Surveys show that among travelers who do not use urban public transportation as their motorized travel mode, nearly 90 percent say that if urban public transportation were more efficient and convenient, they would be willing to consider reducing their use of private cars and taxis.
In May of this year, the "Implementation Plan for the Urban Agglomeration Intercity Commuting Efficiency Improvement Project (2026–2030)" jointly issued by the Ministry of Transport and other departments proposed that by 2030, the coverage rate of the population with 1-hour commuting conditions within major metropolitan areas will reach 75 percent. "As intercity comprehensive commuting corridors in metropolitan areas accelerate their formation and transfers at transportation hubs become more convenient, the share of green travel is expected to increase further," Chen Xumei said.
Urban public transportation facilities are more complete, and the public transportation riding experience is more convenient
Why has "bus priority, green travel" become common practice? Behind this are the continuously improved urban public transportation facilities.
Guangzhou Metro Line 11 connects five central urban districts, with an average daily passenger flow of over 550,000 person-trips; Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei customized express buses connect multiple districts and counties around Beijing, with cumulative passenger volume exceeding 5 million person-trips... The continuously extending and densifying public transportation network shortens the spatial and temporal distance between cities and extends the radius of green travel.
After years of construction, an efficient and green urban public transportation facility system has been basically established. Looking at rail transit, in 2025, 54 cities had urban rail transit operating mileage exceeding 11,000 kilometers; looking at urban buses, the total length of operating lines reached 1.776 million kilometers, and new energy urban buses accounted for 87.5 percent.
Behind this is a more convenient public transportation riding experience.
Surveys show that the transfer issue is an important factor affecting the public's choice of green travel. In recent years, various localities have actively optimized and adjusted bus route networks, filling in areas not covered by urban rail transit, and the "two-network integration" of bus and rail has become smoother. The Ministry of Transport organized 36 central cities to carry out a special campaign to improve the operation and service of urban public buses and trolleybuses. As of the end of 2025, the proportion of central rail stations with bus transfer connections within 50 meters increased to 75.4 percent, and the coverage rate of bus stops within 300 meters in central urban areas reached 79 percent.
In Chengdu, Sichuan, "punctual bus" routes have been launched, using intelligent prediction of arrival times and accurate display on electronic stop signs to facilitate passengers' waiting and boarding; in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, the "bus large model" is deeply applied in scenarios such as intelligent scheduling and passenger flow perception, achieving accurate arrival prediction in core areas... More convenient transfer connections, more efficient operation methods, and digital-intelligent upgrades effectively enhance the competitiveness of green travel.
The formation of a whole-society consensus on green travel benefits not only from the support of hard facilities but also from the creation of a soft environment.
Ride a shared bicycle to the subway station, get off after three stops, and then walk 800 meters to reach the office. Opening the Amap app, Wang Chen, a Shanghai resident, sees another credit of approximately 600 points of carbon energy added to his carbon account. "After saving another 4,400 points, I can exchange for a bus card," Wang Chen said. Previously she felt carbon reduction was far away from her, but now she does it every day during her commute, which gives her a strong sense of accomplishment.
In 2020, Beijing actively explored the implementation of a carbon inclusive mechanism — citizens' walking, cycling, and taking buses and subways can all be automatically recorded and calculated as carbon emission reductions.
"In recent years, various localities have widely carried out measures such as carbon accounts and carbon inclusive mechanisms, precisely to turn 'should do' into 'willing to do,' making green travel a conscious action for people," said Li Yutao, a researcher at the Comprehensive Transport Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission. When every travel choice can be seen, quantified, and fed back, green travel will no longer remain at the conceptual level, but will truly become a perceptible way of life.
Promoting green travel's leap from "scale expansion" to "quality improvement"
What level does more than 200 million green travel person-trips per day represent?
In terms of scale, China's urban green travel volume is the largest in the world, its urban rail transit operating mileage ranks first in the world, the green travel level of major cities has entered the internationally advanced range of above 70 percent, and some cities are already approaching the level of cities in developed economies.
"Although the volume is already very large, in terms of the convenience of public transportation travel and the safety of cycling and walking, there is still room for improvement in the green travel experience," Chen Xumei suggested. In the next step, efforts should focus on promoting green travel's leap from 'scale expansion' to 'quality improvement,' continuously transforming the scale advantage of green travel into an experience advantage.
Not long ago, the "15th Five-Year Plan for Comprehensive Transport Service Development" issued by the Ministry of Transport and three other departments clearly proposed improving the level of green travel. Optimize the walking and bicycle travel environment, guarantee the right-of-way of sidewalks and non-motorized vehicles, and scientifically set up bicycle parking areas.
"Focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of public transportation services, the key is to break through the 'last kilometer.' Bus micro-hubs should serve as nodes to densify the network, on-time operation rates should be the focus to strengthen guarantees, and customized buses should be the starting point to expand diversified services," Chen Xumei said. On this basis, deepen the integration of commuting within metropolitan areas and comprehensively improve the convenience and comfort of cross-regional commuting travel.
For individuals, how can travel be more environmentally friendly and greener? Experts offer suggestions —
In daily travel, make taking the bus, taking the subway, and cycling the first choice, and prioritize intensive, low-carbon urban public transportation and other green travel modes. Practice the "135 green travel principle," namely, prioritize walking for distances around 1 kilometer, prioritize cycling for distances around 3 kilometers, and prioritize taking public transportation for distances around 5 kilometers.
At the same time, insist on not driving unless necessary. In the "last kilometer" of the public transportation travel chain, try not to take a taxi when walking or cycling is possible.
In addition, Li Yutao suggested forming an incentive mechanism that encourages individual green travel, advocating the establishment of personal carbon accounts, managing individual travel carbon emissions through personal carbon points, and giving incentives such as consumption exchange vouchers and car insurance reductions for green travel behaviors such as "zero-carbon travel" and "driving one less day per week," jointly creating a good atmosphere for green travel.
Return to TopBy: 杨柏昕
Transferring to a well-connected metro to reach one's destination, taking a customized express bus from the suburbs to the downtown commercial district, scanning a QR code on an urban greenway to rent a shared bicycle... In 2025, over 200 million person-trips per day in China choose green modes of travel, and the volume of urban green travel ranks first globally. Green travel has become the active choice of more and more people, integrated into people's daily lives.
Related facilities continue to improve, supporting the development of green travel. The hard support of infrastructure is "solid" enough — in Shenzhen, Guangdong, one-transfer connections between rail transit and buses now cover the entire built-up area of the city, bridging the "last kilometer" of residents' travel; the soft supporting services for travel are "smart" enough — in Chengdu, Sichuan, public transit relies on the "Smart Transit Brain" dispatch system to achieve "overview on one screen, control at one touch, coordinated action across the board," making public travel more convenient and efficient.
Incentive measures are becoming more diverse, making green travel more attractive. In recent years, many localities have actively implemented measures such as carbon inclusive programs. In cities such as Wuhan, Hubei, residents record green behaviors through carbon inclusive platforms and can redeem corresponding rewards. All of these make green travel more attractive and promote the continuous development of green travel.
Return to TopBeijing, September 1 (Reporters Pan Junqiang (潘俊强), Jiang Xuehong (蒋雪鸿)) — At 18:00 on September 1, the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委员会) and the China Meteorological Administration (中国气象局) jointly issued this autumn's first pollen concentration forecast service notice. The forecast notice indicated that over the coming week, most of northern China will see mainly sunny to partly cloudy weather, which is conducive to pollen generation and dispersal. Based on comprehensive assessment, from September 2 to 7, pollen concentrations in the northeastern part of northwest China, most of Inner Mongolia, the central and northern parts of North China, and northern Henan will be at a high level (Level 4), of which central and western Inner Mongolia will see pollen concentrations at a very high level (Level 5).
Experts noted that summer-autumn allergens are mainly herbaceous plant pollen, and advised allergy sufferers to promptly monitor local pollen concentrations and species changes and take protective measures in advance.
A reporter learned from the Beijing Municipal Bureau of Landscape and Greening (北京市园林绿化局) that Beijing's herbaceous plants have successively entered the pollen dispersal period, and September is expected to usher in the peak pollen release period. To minimize the risk of pollen-induced allergies, the city has made coordinated advance deployments across the board, seizing the key window period before the peak pollen season, issuing a special notice at the end of June, systematically advancing comprehensive management of autumn allergenic pollen, adopting multiple measures simultaneously to reduce allergy risks at the source.
Beijing's main autumn allergenic plants are primarily wild herbaceous species such as Humulus, Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, and Amaranthaceae, mostly native vegetation that reproduces naturally, relying on natural dispersal and ecological succession for propagation and growth, and are not artificially cultivated or introduced alien species. This type of vegetation is drought-tolerant and resistant to poor soil, with strong environmental adaptability, widely distributed in abandoned land, land awaiting construction, river beach wasteland, farmland peripheries, forest edge zones, and other open exposed areas. Under suitable meteorological conditions, it produces large quantities of drifting pollen, which can easily trigger allergic diseases in susceptible populations.
Before the concentrated pollen dispersal period arrived in early August, Beijing's landscape and greening departments focused on source reduction and comprehensively advanced the cleanup and remediation of wild allergenic plants. For high-frequency human activity areas such as urban park green spaces, residential communities, school campuses, medical institutions, concentrated office areas, and major urban thoroughfares, an operation model combining segmented pruning with root removal was adopted to avoid the secondary problems of exposed land and dust caused by large-scale contiguous clearing. For visitor gathering points in suburban parks, core nodes of plain ecological forests, and both sides of suburban transportation corridors, mechanical pruning and weed crushing and processing methods were used to suppress flowering and pollen dispersal. The weed debris generated from cleanup was transported away the same day and disposed of in a standardized manner, with on-site stacking prohibited, simultaneously eliminating fire hazards and preventing secondary pollen dispersal.
Return to TopBeijing, September 1 (Reporters Han Xin, Jin Bo) — At 12:00 on September 1, as the four-month summer fishing moratorium officially came to an end, fishing fully opened in the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea waters north of 35 degrees north latitude in China. A total of 26,000 fishing vessels successively departed from fishing harbors and headed for their respective operating areas, embarking on a new round of "plowing the sea and herding fish."
With the full opening of fishing in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, the maritime authorities will continue to strengthen maritime patrol and supervision, make every effort to safeguard the safety of the people's lives and property, and ensure that "plowing the sea and herding fish" proceeds safely and in an orderly manner.
Return to TopBeijing, September 1 (Xinhua) — (Reporter Wang Hao) The reporter learned from the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部): As of September 1, the cumulative power generation of the Datengxia Water Conservancy Hub (大藤峡水利枢纽) has exceeded the 30 billion kilowatt-hour mark, with continuous safe operation exceeding 2,300 days.
According to calculations, 30 billion kilowatt-hours of green electricity can meet the electricity demand of a city with a population of 2 million for nearly two years, support approximately 425 billion yuan of GDP growth, and is equivalent to saving approximately 9.9 million tons of standard coal and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by approximately 24.75 million tons.
The Datengxia project is an important node of the national water network and a control project for the Pearl River basin, integrating comprehensive benefits including flood control, navigation, power generation, water replenishment and saltwater intrusion suppression, and irrigation. The power station is equipped with 8 of the largest axial-flow propeller-type hydroelectric generating units in China, with a total installed capacity of 1.6 million kilowatts. It serves as the main peak-shaving and frequency-regulation power station of the Guangxi power grid, playing a key role in ensuring flood control safety in the basin, water safety in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, promoting the upgrading of navigation, and stabilizing regional power supply.
Return to TopBeijing, September 1 (Reporters Jiang Xuehong (蒋雪鸿), Deng Jianyang (邓剑洋)): This year's No. 18 typhoon, Shadel, made landfall in Zhejiang on August 28, weakened and was delisted on August 30, and after its remnant vortex moved into the South China Sea, re-intensified into a typhoon (tropical storm level) in the early morning of September 1. The Central Meteorological Observatory (中央气象台) continues to maintain the original typhoon name "Shadel" and number 2618 unchanged. Currently, Shadel is situated in a large-scale monsoon trough, coexisting with multiple systems including a tropical disturbance east of Taiwan. Jiangnan, South China and other areas need to guard against sustained heavy rainfall and secondary disasters.
At 18:00 on September 1, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a meteorological forecast for waterlogging risk and continued to issue a yellow warning for heavy rain and a blue warning for typhoon; the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) and the China Meteorological Administration (中国气象局) jointly issued an orange meteorological warning for mountain torrent disasters; the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部) and the China Meteorological Administration jointly issued an orange meteorological risk warning for geological disasters.
Regarding the phenomenon of Shadel re-intensifying after its numbering was discontinued, Liu Longsheng (柳龙生), chief forecaster of the Central Meteorological Observatory, analyzed and pointed out that this was mainly influenced by two environmental conditions: first, the strong South China Sea summer monsoon continuously transported abundant moisture and energy to the system; second, sea surface temperatures in the northern South China Sea generally exceeded 28 degrees Celsius, providing a favorable thermal foundation for convective development and intensity maintenance. Under the combined effect of the above two factors, the remnant vortex was able to reorganize and intensify into a tropical storm.
Currently, the circulation situation in which Shadel is situated is complex, with multiple tropical systems existing simultaneously in the Northwest Pacific and the South China Sea. Liu Longsheng introduced that east of Taiwan, this year's No. 24 typhoon, Krovanh, had already formed on September 1. "The existence of Krovanh will block the westward extension of the subtropical high, changing the entire circulation situation, and will have an indirect but significant impact on Shadel's movement path," Liu Longsheng stated. At present, Shadel is mainly guided by monsoon airflow, moving in an east-northeast direction, and there remains considerable uncertainty in its later path.
The Central Meteorological Observatory predicts that over the next three days, under the combined influence of Shadel, the monsoon trough, and cold air, parts of Jiangnan, eastern and southern South China and other areas will experience heavy to torrential rain, with locally extremely heavy or exceptionally heavy rain. In addition, southeastern Tibet, eastern Heilongjiang and other areas will experience heavy to torrential rain. Liu Longsheng reminded that this rainfall is another intense rainfall process on the basis of the precipitation brought by Shadel's earlier landfall. Jiangnan, South China and other areas need to remain vigilant against secondary disasters such as mountain torrents, mudslides, and landslides that may be triggered by sustained heavy rainfall.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 乔 栋
After 7 pm, the sun was setting in the west. At the Wudaoliang management and protection station (五道梁管护站) in Hoh Xil, Qinghai, more than 50 Tibetan antelopes preparing to cross had already gathered by the side of National Highway 109.
The red signal light came on, traffic on the highway came to a halt, the lead antelope was the first to leap onto the road, paused briefly to look left and right, then quickly crossed over, with the Tibetan antelopes behind following through.
In late August, Tibetan antelopes that had finished calving in the hinterland of Hoh Xil such as Zhuonai Lake (卓乃湖) return with their young. As the main route into Tibet, National Highway 109, the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, carries a very high volume of traffic. "Added to this, the Qinghai-Tibet Highway has been under continuous road construction over the past two years, making the road even more congested," said Awang Danba (阿旺旦巴), director of the Public Security Bureau of the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve.
Crossing the Qinghai-Tibet Highway takes only a brief dozen or so seconds, yet for the Tibetan antelope it is a challenge. For this reason, every migration season, police officers of the Hoh Xil public security organs and national park rangers stand guard here specially. As soon as they spot Tibetan antelopes gathering and preparing to cross, they immediately organize temporary road control.
"Every time the Tibetan antelopes cross, we dare not move at all." In the past, when Tibetan antelopes crossed, Zhao Xinlu (赵新录), deputy director of the Public Security Bureau of the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve, would lie prone on the ground and not get up until the whole group had finished crossing. Tibetan antelopes are naturally sensitive; the slightest noise easily makes them hesitate and stop, affecting the migration. For this reason, Hoh Xil police officers must set up a checkpoint at a certain distance in each of the south and north opposite directions. The staff must stay outdoors all day under intense ultraviolet radiation, stopping vehicles more than ten times, until the Tibetan antelopes have successfully crossed the highway.
This migration season, the Wudaoliang section of National Highway 109 has put into operation seasonal intelligent traffic lights. Police officers remotely control the signal lights; when the herd approaches the road, the red light comes on, and only after all have crossed the roadbed is traffic resumed, achieving "silent migration protection" and balancing wildlife protection with the passage efficiency of the main traffic artery. "It is much more convenient now, remotely controlling while watching the screen. Although occasionally we still need to go to the site to maintain order, the work intensity has decreased considerably," said Zhao Xinlu.
The remote control operation in the ecological police office depends on the technical support of high-definition long-distance cameras. Zhao Xinlu explained that they use the Tibetan antelope monitoring equipment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences to monitor Tibetan antelopes around the migration corridor from a distance. "Generally, the gathering state of Tibetan antelopes within 5 kilometers can be clearly seen." Once Tibetan antelopes are found to be in a state of preparing to cross, the traffic signal lights are immediately activated to implement temporary traffic control on the Qinghai-Tibet Highway.
After the Tibetan antelopes cross the national highway, there is still another checkpoint ahead — the railway bridge. The Wubei Bridge (五北大桥) of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is located near the Wudaoliang management and protection station and is the crossing point for Tibetan antelope migration. Trains speed past on the bridge, while beneath the bridge, the Tibetan antelopes have also become accustomed to passing through here.
This year marks the 20th anniversary of the full opening of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Zhao Xinlu recalled that before the construction of the Golmud to Lhasa section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, the railway department specifically solicited the opinions of the nature reserve and, based on the migration corridors and habitat conditions of the Tibetan antelope, established 33 bridge passages for wildlife to pass through. Today, the Tibetan antelope has accepted this "steel neighbor," the railway bridge, and some Tibetan antelopes even rest in the shade and take shelter from rain under the railway bridge.
After the Tibetan antelopes have crossed the national highway, the green light comes on, and the people who have waited for more than 20 minutes prepare to continue their journey. Past the Wubei Bridge, ahead lies the direction of the Tibetan antelopes' home. Today, the Tibetan antelope population in Hoh Xil has recovered from the brink of endangerment to more than 70,000 individuals, and this growth momentum continues.
In the afterglow of the setting sun, a Tibetan antelope suddenly turns its head. In that moment of gazing at each other from afar, there is nothing but the unique gentleness between the highland and humans and nature.
In Minqin County, Gansu Province, the first stage of the Zhuque-3 (朱雀三号) Y2 carrier rocket successfully landed at the predetermined position of the recovery site, marking a major breakthrough in China's reusable rocket technology and further enriching the technological reserves for the development of the commercial space industry.
At 7:35 a.m. on August 19, at the Dongfeng Commercial Aerospace Innovation Pilot Zone, the Zhuque-3 Y2 carrier rocket was launched into the sky. After liftoff, the rocket's first and second stages separated, and the second stage continued to fly, accurately sending the "Honghu-03" (鸿鹄03星) satellite into its predetermined orbit. At 7:41 a.m., the rocket's first stage completed a land recovery according to the predetermined procedure, and the flight test mission was a complete success.
This recovery is the first time China has achieved a landing-leg-style recovery of a carrier rocket's first stage, following the sea-based net recovery of the Long March-10B (长征十号乙) carrier rocket's first stage on July 10.
At the launch site, a vehicle bearing the Yanghe Dream Blue (洋河梦之蓝) brand slogan "Sea and Sky Dreams, China's Strength" and "Our Dreams, Dreams of the Era" steadily transported the Zhuque-3 Y2 carrier rocket to the launch pad. The "Dream Blue" observation group waved flags and watched the entire "return of the Zhuque to its nest," witnessing on site another breakthrough in China's aerospace technology.
Yanghe Co., Ltd.'s (洋河股份) pursuit of the stars and the sea can be traced back several decades. In the 1960s and 1970s, Yanghe liquor used the Dunhuang "Flying Apsaras" (飞天) logo to set sail overseas, and the "Flying Apsaras Dream" was first engraved into the brand genes of Yanghe Co., Ltd. Since then, Yanghe Co., Ltd. has continuously paid attention to aerospace progress and helped realize aerospace dreams.
From the launch of the "Yanghe·Dream Blue" rocket, to the development of aerospace-themed cultural and creative products and gift liquor, to collaborating with central media to carry out live broadcast activities of Shenzhou series launches, Yanghe Co., Ltd. uses dreams as a bond, actively embedding aerospace dreams into consumers' daily lives, helping the aerospace industry that is "far beyond reach" become "close at hand."
In recent years, Yanghe Co., Ltd. has integrated aerospace dreams into its corporate public welfare actions, establishing the "Aerospace Dream Blue Special Award" and the "Dream Blue China Aerospace Fund Scholarship," organizing university freshmen to visit the "China Sky Eye" (中国天眼), entering dozens of primary and secondary schools in remote areas to hold "Aerospace Classrooms," and producing the "Aerospace Public Lecture" series of programs... Yanghe Co., Ltd., together with a group of like-minded partners, is committed to adding new momentum to the hard-core breakthroughs of China's aerospace industry.
The innovation and breakthroughs in China's aerospace industry originate from the year-after-year dedication and accumulation of aerospace workers. Yanghe Co., Ltd. continues to accompany the progress of the aerospace industry with concrete actions, and from it draws the momentum for high-quality development, strengthening confidence in the inheritance of craftsmanship and innovation in techniques. Yanghe Co., Ltd. possesses more than 70,000 high-quality fermentation pits, certified by Guinness World Records as the "largest group of baijiu fermentation pits." Yanghe Co., Ltd. produces 160,000 tons of base liquor annually, with 340,000 tons of high-end earthen jar base liquor reserves, 740,000 tons of base liquor storage, and a liquor storage capacity of 1 million tons; it has established ten major R&D platforms including a national post-doctoral research workstation, and leads the construction of the Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermented Food Biomanufacturing. Inspired by the aerospace dream, Yanghe Co., Ltd. continuously strives for excellence with a craftsman spirit and innovative practices that scale new heights, deeply cultivating brewing techniques and polishing outstanding products.
After more than half a century, from "Flying Apsaras" to "Dream Blue," Yanghe Co., Ltd.'s dream of looking up at the stars and pursuing excellence has never changed. Yanghe Dream Blue, together with all those who look up at the stars, witnesses the continuous breakthroughs of China's aerospace industry and draws the strength to strive toward dreams.
Data source: Yanghe Co., Ltd.
Return to TopBy: 赵刚印
The "Fourteen Persistences" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building are rich in connotation and rigorous in system, presenting a clear logical structure of "general–specific." The first four persistences — upholding Party leadership as the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics, upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, upholding full and rigorous Party self-governance, and upholding not forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind — jointly constitute the "General Introduction" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building from the four dimensions of essential attribute, supreme political principle, strategic policy, and value stance, and are also the soul of this important thought. Deeply grasping the theoretical connotation and internal logic of the "General Introduction" is the theoretical foundation for completely, accurately, and comprehensively grasping the scientific system of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building and continuously advancing the great new project of Party building in the new era.
Deeply Grasping the Theoretical Connotation of the "General Introduction" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building
The "General Introduction" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building is rooted in the fertile theoretical soil of Marxist Party-building doctrine, distills the historical experience of the Communist Party of China in governing and strengthening the Party over more than one hundred years, is based on the innovative practice of full and rigorous Party self-governance in the new era, and provides clear answers to a series of fundamental, overall, and long-term questions concerning Party building in the new era.
Upholding Party leadership as the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics: establishing the logical starting point and fundamental direction of Party building in the new era. Upholding Party leadership as the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the foundation point of the "Fourteen Persistences" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building, answering at the source level the fundamental question of in what political direction Party building in the new era should advance. On the one hand, this persistence clarifies that Party leadership is the intrinsic essential attribute of socialism with Chinese characteristics, profoundly reveals the irreplaceable core position of Party leadership, and is a major original contribution to Marxist Party-building doctrine and the theory of scientific socialism. Marxism holds that the proletarian revolution and socialist construction must be under the unified leadership of the proletarian party, which is determined by the class attribute and historical mission of the party. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Socialism with Chinese characteristics has many features and characteristics, but the most essential feature is upholding the leadership of the Communist Party of China." Socialism with Chinese characteristics includes a series of features such as common prosperity and putting the people first, and Party leadership is the most fundamental and decisive core feature among them, commanding and defining all other features. Once separated from Party leadership, the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics would lose their political guidance, and the essential attribute of socialism would have no way to manifest itself. On the other hand, this persistence clarifies the forward direction of Party building in the new era, realizing the deep integration of Party building with national development and national rejuvenation. The Party, the government, the military, the people, and learning — east, west, south, north, and center — the Party leads everything, and Party leadership runs through the entire process of governance. To strengthen Party building in the new era, it is necessary to continuously improve the Party leadership system, optimize the Party's leadership methods, better transform the Party's excellent qualities and unique advantages into national governance effectiveness, and ensure that Party building always serves the Party's central work.
Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee: the fundamental political principle for the whole Party to unify thought, unify will, and unify action. Upholding Party leadership as the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics resolves the question of "why Party leadership must be upheld." Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee focuses on the implementation mechanism for the implementation of Party leadership, systematically answering the question of how to unify thought, unify will, and unify action under Party leadership. On the one hand, this persistence clarifies the realization path for implementing the Party's overall leadership in the new era. The Party's overall leadership is not an abstract theory suspended on paper or remaining at the level of ideas, but a concrete political practice that runs through the entire process of governance and must be implemented with tangible results, and its fundamental support and core carrier are the various institutional mechanisms for upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. From the perspective of Marxist party organizational principles, democratic centralism is the fundamental organizational principle of our Party and the institutional cornerstone for maintaining Party unity and solidarity and ensuring strong and effective Party leadership. Any ideological tendency or practical behavior that weakens, empties, or deviates from the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is in essence 背道而驰 (bèi dào ér chí - "run against the way," to run counter to) the principle of democratic centralism. To implement the supreme principle of Party leadership without any discount, the primary task is to deeply comprehend the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," internalize firm support for the "Two Establishments" and resolute implementation of the "Two Upholds" in the heart and externalize them in action, ensuring the whole Party is unified in thought, unified in will, and unified in action. On the other hand, upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the ballast stone for resisting various risks and challenges and consolidating the Party's long-term governance foundation in the new era. At present, the world situation, national conditions, and Party conditions are undergoing profound changes, and the internal and external environment is complex and severe. The more complex the situation and the more arduous the tasks, the more necessary it is to uphold and strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. History and practice have fully proven that when the authority of the Party Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership are effectively maintained, the ideological foundation and rigorous organizational system of the whole Party's unity and solidarity will be continuously consolidated.
Upholding full and rigorous Party self-governance: building the strategic guarantee for consolidating Party leadership and safeguarding the development of the cause. As the strategic policy for Party building in the new era, upholding full and rigorous Party self-governance precisely responds to the practical issue of how to manage the Party well, govern the Party strictly, and build the Party well in the new era, and is a key measure for implementing the Party's overall leadership and maintaining the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. Upholding full and rigorous Party self-governance is not a phased, partial, or general work arrangement, but a long-term strategic deployment that runs through the entire process of Party building in the new era and covers all areas of Party management and governance. For a period of time, prominent problems such as the dilution of ideals and convictions, the weakening of organizational functions, and lax discipline once existed within the Party. Full and rigorous Party self-governance closely centers on the two core requirements of "comprehensive" and "rigorous" to build a complete governance framework, strives to solve the problems of weakening, emptying, and marginalization of Party building, promotes all-round coverage and full-chain force in Party management and governance, and truly achieves no blind spots, no dead corners, and no exceptions. From the perspective of the Party's long-term governance, upholding full and rigorous Party self-governance is a powerful measure for our Party to explore breaking out of the historical cycle of rise and fall, and is the basic guarantee for realizing the Party's long-term governance and sustainable development. Historical experience profoundly shows that lax and loose Party management and governance will inevitably lead to the dispersion of the Party's organizational cohesion, lax style of Party members and cadres, and shake the Party's governance foundation. Facing the long-standing "Four Major Tests" and "Four Dangers," only by 持之以恒 (chí zhī yǐ héng - "persist in it with constancy," to persevere persistently) advancing full and rigorous Party self-governance and continuously promoting self-purification, self-improvement, self-renewal, and self-enhancement can the Party be ensured not to change its nature, not to change its color, and not to change its flavor.
Upholding not forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind: clarifying the fundamental value principle of Party building in the new era. Upholding not forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind, based on the essential attribute of the Marxist party, scientifically answers from the dimension of axiology the fundamental proposition of "where the Communist Party of China came from and where it is going," and clarifies the value goal and value yardstick of managing, governing, strengthening, and prospering the Party in the new era. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation is the original aspiration and mission of Chinese Communists, and is the fundamental driving force that inspires generations of Chinese Communists to 前赴后继 (qián fù hòu jì - "advance forward, succeed behind," to advance wave upon wave) and fight bravely," while also warning the whole Party that "if we forget the original aspiration and mission, our Party will change its nature, change its color, and will lose the people and lose the future." The Party's original aspiration and mission are rooted in the people's stance of the Marxist party, are the distinctive political marker that distinguishes our Party from all other bourgeois parties and interest-based parties in the world, and are also the starting point and foothold for advancing Party building and fulfilling the governing mission in the new era. In the construction of all areas of the Communist Party of China, whether it is strengthening the Party's overall leadership, maintaining the authority of the Party Central Committee, or persistently advancing full and rigorous Party self-governance, the ultimate value destination of all the Party's theoretical propositions, institutional arrangements, and practical measures lies in continuously enhancing the common well-being of all the people and steadily advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The original aspiration will not automatically remain fresh; under the long-term governance environment, various dangers of deviating from the original aspiration and separating from the masses always exist. It is necessary to take not forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind as the eternal subject of strengthening Party building and the lifelong subject of Party members and cadres, and constantly grasp it without slackening.
Deeply Grasping the Internal Dialectical Relationships of the "General Introduction" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building
The four persistences constituting the "General Introduction" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building are an organic and unified whole, fully demonstrating the theoretical character of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building of understanding substance and achieving application, with substance and application interpenetrating.
The dialectical unity of ontology and methodology. In the "General Introduction," upholding Party leadership as the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics explains the historical inevitability and institutional inevitability of upholding Party leadership from the ontological level; upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee clarifies the realization method of the implementation and operation of Party leadership from the methodological level. The two together constitute the unity of ontology and methodology of Party leadership commanding governance, and together establish the core position of Party leadership in Party building and national governance.
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "To advance Chinese-style modernization, it is necessary to uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China." Party leadership is embedded within the entire institutional framework of socialism with Chinese characteristics and directly determines the political direction and development path of national governance. The design of the national governance system, the setting of governance goals, and the overall coordination and allocation of governance resources all take upholding Party leadership as the fundamental political premise. If separated from the core institutional arrangement of Party leadership, different subjects of national governance would easily experience goal divergence and power dispersion, and the smooth and orderly advancement of Chinese-style modernization could not be guaranteed. The centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the guarantee for the orderly operation of the governance system of a major country. If the authority of the Party Central Committee is damaged and government orders are blocked, and the ability to coordinate overall planning and handle risks is weakened, the Party's overall leadership would be reduced to a principle on paper. Only by relying on a unified and authoritative leadership center to coordinate resources of all parties and coordinate multi-party interest subjects can a governance pattern of a national chessboard and coordinated efforts from top to bottom be formed.
The dialectical unity of goal and means. Upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee clarifies the core political goal of Party building in the new era, while upholding full and rigorous Party self-governance provides the governance means for realizing this political goal in a normalized and long-term effective manner. The two clearly reveal the dialectical relationship between Party leadership and Party building, demonstrating the internal logic of Party management and governance in the new era.
In the first volume of the Selected Works of Xi Jinping on Party Building, in the speech "At the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection," General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The core of full and rigorous Party self-governance is strengthening Party leadership." Maintaining the authority of the Party Central Committee and strengthening the Party's overall leadership position are important contents of Party building in the new era. The general requirements for Party building in the new era place "upholding and strengthening the Party's overall leadership" at the forefront. This top-level design determines the fundamental political attribute of Party building, and Party building must unfold around Party leadership. If separated from the goal of consolidating Party leadership, Party building would lose its soul and deviate from its direction, easily falling into the misunderstanding of formalism and routinism that emphasizes process over actual results. The authority of the Party Central Committee and centralized and unified leadership cannot form spontaneously or be maintained naturally; they are major political achievements that require active construction and continuous maintenance, and must be supported by a rigorous and complete organizational system, rigidly binding discipline and rules, and a clean and upright political ecology within the Party, that is, they must be continuously consolidated through unremitting advancement of full and rigorous Party self-governance.
The dialectical unity of value pursuit and practical path. Upholding not forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind is the Party's purpose stance and value orientation; upholding full and rigorous Party self-governance focuses on how to keep the original aspiration and how to undertake the mission, providing an institutionalized practical path for guarding the original aspiration and mission and firmly standing on the people's stance. The two realize the deep unity of value pursuit and measures for Party management and governance, demonstrating the deep logic of why to be rigorous and for whom to be rigorous.
Upholding not forgetting the original aspiration and keeping the mission firmly in mind is the political background of the Marxist governing party and the value source of upholding full and rigorous Party self-governance. The people's stance is the logical starting point and end point of all institutional design and practical measures of full and rigorous Party self-governance. Full and rigorous Party self-governance does not simply pursue strict restraint; its ultimate purpose is to ensure that the Party always maintains its advanced nature and purity and always represents the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people. Whether it is normalized ideological arming or continuous rectification of conduct and discipline and the fight against corruption, the purpose is to regulate the operation of public power, prevent Party members and cadres from separating from the masses, prevent the alienation and deterioration of power, and the ultimate landing point is to guard the Party's political background of governing for the people.
Deeply Comprehending the Commanding Role of the "General Introduction" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building
The "General Introduction" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building systematically constructs the general principle and general strategy for managing, governing, strengthening, and prospering the Party in the new era, is the action guide directing all practice of Party building in the new era, and plays a commanding role.
Command over political direction: systematically answering the era topic of building a Marxist party in long-term governance. All theoretical innovation and practical exploration of Party building in the new era always unfold around the major era topic of "what kind of long-term governing Marxist party to build and how to build a long-term governing Marxist party." The "General Introduction" uses Party leadership to define the fundamental attribute of the Marxist governing party, uses the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee to clarify the core norms of political operation within the Party, uses full and rigorous Party self-governance to provide an effective path for Party management and governance under long-term governance conditions, and uses the original aspiration and mission to anchor the Party's eternal value pursuit. These four persistences are logically rigorous, ensuring that all practice of Party building in the new era always advances along the correct political direction of Marxist party building.
Command over strategic policy: constructing a systematic framework for full and rigorous Party self-governance. Upholding full and rigorous Party self-governance is the strategic support in the "General Introduction." This strategic policy always closely follows the core of the Party's overall leadership and runs through all areas and all links of Party building. The ten persistences outside the "General Introduction" can all be understood as the refinement and extension of the strategic policy of full and rigorous Party self-governance in different areas and at different levels. In the second volume of the Selected Works of Xi Jinping on Party Building, in the article "Improving the System of Full and Rigorous Party Self-governance and Promoting the Great New Project of Party Building in the New Era to Develop in Depth," General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Looking at the whole world, no political party can treat its own construction as seriously and conscientiously as the Communist Party of China, and can promote self-revolution with such a highly conscious scientific attitude and systematic way. This is the remarkable advantage of our Party and also the winning way to lead the times." The "General Introduction" demonstrates our Party's long-term determination to manage and govern the Party with a strict tone, strict measures, and strict atmosphere, providing stable strategic support for the Party to continuously resolve various governance tests and forever maintain its advanced nature and purity.
Command over value stance: establishing the fundamental evaluation yardstick for testing the effectiveness of Party building. The "General Introduction" clarifies the orientation of Party building with the value logic of putting the people first. Whether it is theoretical arming, Party spirit tempering, cadre team building, or style rectification, discipline constraint, and anti-corruption governance, the final effectiveness must be judged by whether the original aspiration and mission are practiced, whether the people's well-being is enhanced, and whether the foundation of popular support is consolidated. Party building in the new era must always firmly stand on the people's stance, fit the needs of the times, and conform to the people's expectations. No matter how the Party management and governance system is improved or how governance means are innovated, it cannot deviate from the ultimate value goal of benefiting the people.
Command over work pattern: coordinating the advancement of Party management and governance with the strengthening of the country and national rejuvenation. The "General Introduction" plans Party building from the overall perspective of advancing the great struggle, the great project, the great cause, and the great dream, clarifying that Party building is not an isolated special work but a leading project that runs through the entire process of governance and covers all dimensions of the development of the Party's cause, establishing a work pattern of coordinating the advancement of Party management and governance with the strengthening of the country and national rejuvenation. Under the guidance of the "General Introduction," the theoretical system of the "Fourteen Persistences" realizes the coordinated advancement of promoting Party building and realizing the Party's mission and tasks.
In summary, the "General Introduction" of Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building is the strategic general outline of this important thought, building a complete logical framework of principle–goal–path–value, and is fundamental and commanding. On the new journey, to deeply study and implement Xi Jinping's Thought on Party Building, it is necessary to firmly grasp the nature and role of this "General Introduction," continuously improve the quality of Party building, forge the Party into a stronger and more powerful force, and provide solid political guidance and organizational guarantee for solidly advancing Chinese-style modernization and writing a new chapter of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
(The author is a researcher at the Shanghai Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (上海市习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心).)
Return to TopBy: 倪明胜
Establishing and practicing a correct view of political achievements is a required course for all Party members and cadres. General Secretary Xi Jinping recently made an important instruction, emphasizing: "We must regularly carry out education on the view of political achievements, focus on strengthening education and training for principal officials of local Party and government bodies, newly promoted cadres, young cadres, and cadres in key positions, strengthen exemplary leadership and negative-case warnings, and guide Party members and cadres to always take responsibility and fulfill their duties with a correct view of political achievements." For young cadres who are in the jointing and booting stage and at the starting phase of their life and career, carrying out education on the view of political achievements has the important significance of consolidating the foundation and nourishing the roots. Young cadres must take General Secretary Xi Jinping's important instruction as their guide, fasten the "first button" of a correct view of political achievements, adhere to the unity of knowledge and action, strengthen resolve, temper abilities, and continuously grow and develop in undertaking work, taking on responsibility, and benefiting the people.
In recent years, a large number of young cadres with high educational backgrounds, broad knowledge, and vitality have taken up different work posts. They are full of enthusiasm for undertaking work and a spirit of active enterprise, but because they have not worked for long and lack grassroots tempering and practical experience, they are prone to problems such as idealizing and oversimplifying work, acting with undue haste in doing things, and choosing easy tasks over hard ones when encountering difficulties. Some young cadres look "upward" more than "downward," are keen on short-term projects that produce quick results, and emphasize visible achievements over latent ones; some young cadres take "producing results quickly" as their goal, crave greatness and success, and are keen on achievements that show immediate results. Investigating the deep-seated reasons, it still lies in a misplaced and imbalanced view of political achievements. The most weighty annotation of youthful struggle is precisely creating real achievements that can stand the test of practice, the people, and history. Young cadres must calibrate the course of their work with a correct view of political achievements, balance the internal relationships between ideals and reality, enterprise and patience, and thinking and practical work, and promote the development of the cause of the Party and the people with concrete actions.
Handle well the relationship between looking up at the stars and keeping feet on the ground, so that ideals and aspirations take deep root in the fertile soil of the grassroots. "Those who dig wells begin from a three-inch pit, and thereby reach a depth of ten thousand ren." The grassroots is an important field for tempering work style and increasing abilities. It is commendable that young cadres are full of enthusiasm for work and ideal aspirations, but if they indulge in empty fantasies and neglect practice, they will ultimately find it difficult to create real achievements that can stand the test. From taking root in the countryside of Liangjiahe in northern Shaanxi to work hard and revitalize industry, to going deep into the front line in Zhengding, Hebei to blaze new trails through reform; from adhering to the "four go-downs to the grassroots" in Ningde, Fujian, to advocating "handle immediately, act in real earnest" in Fuzhou, Comrade Xi Jinping's course of personally engaging in practical work during his time working in local areas has set up a benchmark for all Party members and cadres to learn from. Young cadres must both clearly understand the mission of the times they bear and sink down to take root on the front line, establish a work style of seeking truth and being pragmatic and acting in real earnest, and improve their practical abilities to tackle difficulties and serve the masses.
Handle well the relationship between forging ahead with keen enterprise and persevering over the long term, and create achievements through steadfast practice. "A fine horse cannot cover ten paces in one leap; an old nag can cover the distance in ten journeys — success lies in unremitting effort." Establishing and practicing a correct view of political achievements emphasizes perseverance over the long term. Many tasks that lay foundations and benefit the long term cannot be accomplished overnight; one must take a long-term view and work intensively and meticulously. Gu Wenchang swore on Dongshan Island in Fujian, "If I do not subdue the wind and sand, let the wind and sand bury me." He did not covet visible achievements or seek empty fame, did not fear the setbacks of repeated failures in sand control and afforestation, and through more than ten years of struggle turned a barren island into an oasis. Young cadres must both maintain the keen edge of daring to try and dare to break through, actively tackle difficulties and open up new prospects, and also overcome the impetuous impulse for political achievements and discard the mentality of wanting to accomplish everything in one stroke. Maintain sufficient resolve and patience, do work without putting on a show, be pragmatic without being formalistic, and win the good reputation of the people through steady and solid efforts.
Handle well the relationship between diligent learning and keen thinking and personally engaging in practical work, so as to ensure that words are trusted and actions bear fruit. Only by being diligent in learning and keen in thinking can young cadres continuously improve their work abilities. At the same time, grasping work in real earnest is the foundation of a young cadre's standing. Yang Shanzhou, former secretary of the Baoshan Prefectural Party Committee in Yunnan, built the "granary of western Yunnan" while in office, and after retirement took root on Daliang Mountain to plant trees, allowing ten thousand mu of barren mountains to be reclothed in green. His life story of serving the people through practical work has set up a vivid example for young cadres. Young cadres should discard impetuous mentality and eliminate formalism; they must both be diligent in learning and keen in thinking, and even more so bury their heads in hard work, transform their learning insights and practical experience into concrete actions that promote work, benefit the people with pragmatic measures, and test the effectiveness of performing their duties.
General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Young cadres are the hope for the development of the cause of the Party and the state; they must build a firm foundation of ideals and convictions, hold the line against corruption and degeneration, and establish and practice a correct view of political achievements." At present, China is in a critical period of comprehensively advancing the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization. The times have entrusted young cadres with a weighty historical mission. Young cadres must tighten the "master switch" of the view of political achievements in undertaking work, take responsibility and fulfill their duties, and hand in a youth answer sheet worthy of the times and worthy of the people.
Return to TopBy: 杨柳青
In the first half of the year, China's gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 4.7% year on year, and in July new growth drivers continued to grow rapidly... Since the beginning of this year, under the strong leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, China has effectively responded to various external shocks and internal difficulties, and the economy has shown a development trend of new drivers of growth and improved structure, which is a vivid manifestation of the resilience and sustainability of China's economy. At the Central Economic Work Conference last year, General Secretary Xi Jinping put forward the regular understanding of the "five musts" (五个必须), including "must respond to external challenges by diligently cultivating internal strength"; at this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference sessions, when joining group deliberations, he emphasized that "we must adhere to focusing our work priorities on cultivating internal strength and making ourselves stronger." These important statements contain profound dialectical thinking and strategic considerations. We must deeply understand the rich connotation and practical path of diligently cultivating internal strength, strengthen confidence, face difficulties head-on, and promote high-quality development to proceed steadily and far.
Whether for a country or for an individual, diligently cultivating internal strength is an eternal proposition. This is because internal causes play a decisive role in the development of things. Diligently cultivating internal strength means fully leveraging the important role of internal causes in promoting development and firmly rooting the foothold of development in oneself. At present, major-country relations are affecting the international situation, unilateralism and protectionism continue to rise, geopolitical conflicts occur frequently, energy prices fluctuate violently, and the impact of drastic changes in the external environment is being transmitted to the domestic economy through channels such as trade, investment, and finance; China has entered the stage of high-quality development and still faces the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development, and the resilience and security level of industrial and supply chains need to be improved. Only by diligently cultivating internal strength and continuously improving one's own strength and development quality can we consolidate the fundamentals of the economy, lay a solid foundation for social harmony and stability, and have greater confidence to respond to external risks and challenges and to move forward steadily amid global changes.
Diligently cultivating internal strength requires strengthening innovation-driven development and enhancing the capability for systematic tackling of key problems in scientific and technological innovation. Innovation is the primary driving force leading development. At present, the world's century-old changes are accelerating, and scientific and technological innovation is one of the key variables. At the same time, the scientific and technological revolution and major-power competition are intertwined. To cultivate opportunities amid crises and open up new prospects amid changes, we must seek answers from scientific and technological innovation and accelerate high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-strengthening. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has deeply promoted the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy, advanced the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent, and is accelerating its transformation from a global participant and contributor in science and technology to a pioneer and leader. From the original breakthrough in artificial synthesis of starch from carbon dioxide to the proposal of the "Tao (τ) law" guiding the development of the semiconductor industry, more and more original achievements "from 0 to 1" are attracting worldwide attention, leading China to enter the world's first echelon in a number of important frontier directions. Driven by scientific and technological innovation achievements, in 2025 the added value of China's "three new" economy accounted for 18.39% of GDP, and the core industry scale of artificial intelligence has exceeded 1.2 trillion yuan; in the first seven months of this year, new growth drivers contributed 50.9% to the growth of industries above designated size. Facing the trend of the accelerated evolution of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, diligently cultivating internal strength requires efficiently organizing and implementing major national scientific and technological tasks, strengthening the systematic and coordinated tackling of key problems by national strategic scientific and technological forces, strengthening enterprise-led collaborative innovation in industry, academia, research, and application, improving diversified investment mechanisms, deepening reform of evaluation mechanisms, improving the intellectual property protection system, and enhancing the overall efficiency of the national innovation system.
Diligently cultivating internal strength requires expanding domestic demand, boosting consumption, and enhancing the endogenous driving force of economic development. Domestic demand is the basic driving force of China's economic development. Facing the current severe and complex external environment, only by firmly grasping the strategic basis of expanding domestic demand and enabling production, distribution, circulation, and consumption to achieve a virtuous cycle more through the domestic market can we offset the uncertainty of the international cycle with the stability of the domestic cycle. In recent years, China has unswervingly implemented the strategy of expanding domestic demand, focusing on key areas such as new urbanization, new quality productive forces, and comprehensive human development, adhering to the close combination of investment in things and investment in people, and better leveraging the key role of investment; aiming at the needs of residents' consumption expansion and upgrading, adhering to the combination of benefiting people's livelihoods and promoting consumption, deeply implementing special actions to boost consumption, optimizing the implementation of policies for trade-in of consumer goods, and steadily releasing consumption potential. In the first half of this year, total retail sales of social consumer goods and services grew by 2.7% year on year, and final consumption expenditure drove GDP growth by 2.1 percentage points. In July, demand for immersive and experiential consumption continued to be released. At the same time, it must be noted that the current effective demand in China's economy is still insufficient, and the contradiction of strong supply and weak demand is prominent. Diligently cultivating internal strength requires intensifying efforts to expand domestic demand and optimize supply, expanding high-quality supply to meet the consumption needs of different groups, tapping the potential of service consumption, and continuously leveraging industrial upgrading and demand release on both the supply and demand sides.
Diligently cultivating internal strength does not mean "building behind closed doors," but rather adhering to independence and self-reliance in high-level opening up. At present, economic globalization is undergoing deep adjustment, but this historical trend is irreversible. China has become deeply integrated into the world economy, and promoting high-level opening up, improving the quality of opening up, and enhancing the internal-external connectivity of economic development will further expand new space for economic growth. Only by diligently cultivating internal strength and making one's own economic body strong enough, industrial foundation solid enough, and market resilience powerful enough can one have the confidence to promote high-level opening up in a complex and ever-changing international environment. At the same time, high-level opening up provides valuable opportunities for diligently cultivating internal strength and can promote opening up to drive reform, development, and innovation. In recent years, China has promoted the coordinated development of two-way investment, steadily expanded institutional opening up, and the cohesive force of opening up has been growing day by day, continuously shaping new advantages for China's economy. In the first half of this year, global trade growth slowed, but China's total imports and exports of goods reached 25.5 trillion yuan, and the opening up of the service industry to the outside world expanded steadily; total imports and exports of goods with countries jointly building the "Belt and Road" accounted for 50.9% of total foreign trade, and foreign trade diversification continued to expand. To respond to external challenges by diligently cultivating internal strength, it is necessary to coordinate "going global" and "bringing in," make good use of both domestic and international markets and resources, deepen international exchanges and cooperation, continuously promote the construction of various opening-up platforms, and continuously inject new momentum into the development of an open economy.
In diligently cultivating internal strength, we have solid confidence and foundation. China's super-large market of more than 1.4 billion people has huge potential, the industrial system and infrastructure system are well-matched and complete, the talent team and labor resources are large in number and excellent in quality, and the supporting conditions and basic trends for long-term sound economic development have not changed. More importantly, we have the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and strong and effective leadership of the Communist Party of China. No matter what difficulties, obstacles, risks, and challenges we encounter, by making good use of various opportunities and advantages and responding to impacts and challenges by diligently cultivating internal strength, we will certainly be able to promote high-quality development to proceed steadily and far.
(Author's affiliation: Wuhan University of Technology)
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China
No. 82
The Agriculture Law of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国农业法), revised and adopted at the 24th session of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China (全国人民代表大会常务委员会) on August 28, 2026, is hereby promulgated and shall come into force as of January 1, 2027.
Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China
August 28, 2026
Contents
Chapter One General Provisions
Chapter Two Agricultural Production and Operation System
Chapter Three Agricultural Production
Chapter Four Circulation and Processing of Agricultural Products
Chapter Five Food Security
Chapter Six Agricultural Inputs and Support and Protection
Chapter Seven Agricultural Science and Technology, Education, and Personnel
Chapter Eight Protection of Land and Other Agricultural Resources
Chapter Nine Green Development of Agriculture
Chapter Ten Protection of Farmers' Rights and Interests
Chapter Eleven Rural Economic Development
Chapter Twelve Supervision and Inspection
Chapter Thirteen Legal Liability
Chapter Fourteen Supplementary Provisions
Chapter One General Provisions
Article 1 In order to consolidate and strengthen the fundamental position of agriculture in the national economy, deepen rural reform, protect agricultural resources, develop agricultural productive forces, advance agricultural modernization, safeguard the lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, increase farmers' income, improve farmers' scientific and cultural quality, promote the sustained, stable, and healthy development of agriculture and the rural economy, advance comprehensive rural revitalization, accelerate the building of a strong agricultural country, and comprehensively build a modern socialist country, this Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution.
Article 2 For the purposes of this Law, agriculture refers to the industries of crop cultivation, forestry and grassland, animal husbandry, and fishery, as well as the pre-production, in-production, and post-production services directly related thereto.
For the purposes of this Law, agricultural production and operation organizations refer to rural collective economic organizations, farmers' specialized cooperatives, agricultural enterprises, and other organizations engaged in agricultural production and operation.
Article 3 Agricultural and rural work shall uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China, implement the new development philosophy of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, promote high-quality development, and coordinate development and security.
The State upholds the priority development of agriculture and rural areas, places agriculture first in the development of the national economy, and coordinates the development of science-and-technology agriculture, green agriculture, quality agriculture, and brand agriculture.
The basic objectives of agricultural and rural economic development are: to improve the rural economic system that meets the requirements of developing the socialist market economy, continuously emancipate and develop rural productive forces, enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and quality and efficiency, ensure the stable and secure supply of grain and other important agricultural products, meet the needs of national economic development and the people's aspirations for a better life, raise farmers' income and living standards, promote the multi-channel employment of the rural labor force, advance the building of livable, workable, and harmonious villages, narrow the disparities between urban and rural areas and between regions, promote integrated urban-rural development, and gradually realize agricultural and rural modernization.
Article 4 The State upholds and improves the basic socialist economic systems under which public ownership is the mainstay and economic development is pursued jointly by economic entities of diverse forms of ownership, distribution according to work is the mainstay and multiple modes of distribution coexist, and the socialist market economy system operates, and revitalizes the rural economy.
The State consolidates and improves the two-tier management system in rural areas based on household contract management and combining unified management with separate management, and improves the convenient and efficient agricultural socialized service system.
The State protects the lawful rights and interests of rural collective economic organizations and their members, regulates rural collective economic organizations and their operation and management, promotes the development of rural collective economic organizations, and strengthens the new-type rural collective economy.
Article 5 The State upholds the big agriculture concept and the big food concept, adheres to the simultaneous development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, ensures food security, and builds a diversified food supply system.
Article 6 The State takes measures to expand the multiple functions of agriculture and ensure that agriculture better plays its role in providing food, industrial raw materials, and other agricultural products, maintaining and improving the ecological environment, inheriting and carrying forward the excellent traditional Chinese farming culture, and promoting rural economic and social development.
Article 7 The State upholds the policy of revitalizing agriculture through science and education and the sustainable development of agriculture, develops new quality productive forces in agriculture in light of local conditions, and promotes the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation.
The State takes measures to strengthen agricultural and rural infrastructure construction, adjust and optimize the agricultural and rural economic structure, promote industrialized agricultural operation, develop agricultural science and technology, education, and personnel undertakings, cultivate agricultural scientific and technological and operation and management personnel, promote the green development of agriculture, protect the agricultural ecological environment, promote agricultural mechanization, informatization, and intellectualization, and enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity.
Article 8 The State takes increasing farmers' income as the central task of agricultural and rural work. People's governments at all levels and their relevant departments shall take measures to increase farmers' income, effectively reduce the burden on farmers, narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents, and solidly advance common prosperity.
The State protects the lawful property and other lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations from infringement.
Article 9 The whole society shall attach great importance to agriculture and rural areas and support agricultural and rural development.
Units and individuals that make outstanding contributions to agricultural and rural work shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State.
Article 10 People's governments at all levels shall be uniformly responsible for agricultural and rural economic development work, and organize all relevant departments and the whole society to do well all work of developing agriculture and serving the development of agriculture.
The competent department of agriculture and rural affairs under the State Council shall be in charge of agricultural and rural economic development work nationwide, and the competent department of forestry and grassland under the State Council and other relevant departments shall, within their respective functions and duties, be responsible for the relevant agricultural and rural economic development work.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of local people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for agricultural and rural economic development work such as crop cultivation, animal husbandry, and fishery within their respective administrative areas, and the competent departments of forestry and grassland shall be responsible for forestry and grassland work within their respective administrative areas. Other relevant departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall, within their respective functions and duties, be responsible for the relevant work of serving agricultural production and operation within their respective administrative areas.
Article 11 The State upholds the policy of equality, mutual benefit, and win-win cooperation, supports international exchange and cooperation in the agricultural field, and actively participates in international governance of agricultural sustainable development and food security.
Chapter Two Agricultural Production and Operation System
Article 12 The State implements the rural land contract management system, lawfully ensures the stability and long-term unchanged nature of rural land contract relations, and protects farmers' land contract management rights over contracted land. The State protects the contracting party's lawful, voluntary, and compensated transfer of land management rights, and protects the lawful rights and interests of holders of land management rights.
Rural collective economic organizations shall, on the basis of household contract management, lawfully manage and operate collective property, provide production, technical, and information services to their members, organize the rational development, utilization, and protection of collective resources, and strengthen their economic strength.
The State promotes the building of a modern agricultural industrial system, production system, and operation system, develops agriculture at an appropriate scale of operation, and realizes the organic connection between household farming by farmers and the development of modern agriculture.
Article 13 The State encourages the voluntary and lawful development of farmers' specialized cooperatives on the basis of household contract management.
Farmers' specialized cooperatives shall adhere to the purpose of serving their members, and, in accordance with the principles of voluntary joining, free withdrawal, democratic management, and surplus return, carry out agricultural production and operation and service activities within the scope prescribed by their articles of association.
Farmers' specialized cooperatives shall be lawfully established and registered and obtain the status of legal persons. No unit or individual may infringe upon the lawful property, operational autonomy, or other lawful rights and interests of farmers' specialized cooperatives.
Article 14 Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations may voluntarily, in accordance with the principle of combining democratic management, distribution according to work, and distribution according to shares, contribute capital, technology, physical objects, and other inputs as shares and lawfully establish various types of enterprises.
Article 15 The State encourages and supports the development of family farms that take the family as the basic operating unit and implement appropriate scale operation, guides them to adapt to modern agriculture, and improves the level of intensification and operational efficiency. Rural collective economic organizations may support the development of family farms by providing technical and information services and other means.
Article 16 The State strengthens the planning and construction of state-owned farms, forest farms, pasture farms, and fishery farms, and better gives play to their exemplary and leading role in developing modern agriculture.
The lawful land rights and interests of state-owned farms, forest farms, pasture farms, and fishery farms are protected by law. Without going through the approval procedures as prescribed by the State, the land used by state-owned farms, forest farms, pasture farms, and fishery farms may not be taken back without authorization.
Article 17 The State encourages supply and marketing cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations, farmers' specialized cooperatives, agricultural enterprises, other organizations, and individuals to develop multi-level and multi-type specialized services, and improve the level of socialized services for the pre-production, in-production, and post-production stages of agriculture.
Article 18 The State takes measures to develop industrialized agricultural operation in various forms, and encourages and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to develop integrated production, processing, and sales operations.
The State guides and supports enterprises, scientific research institutions, and other organizations engaged in the production, processing, and circulation services of agricultural products to form interest communities featuring shared benefits and shared risks with farmers, rural collective economic organizations, and farmers' specialized cooperatives by concluding contracts or establishing various types of enterprises, so as to advance industrialized agricultural operation and drive agricultural development.
Article 19 Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations may, in accordance with laws and administrative regulations, establish organizations such as agricultural product industry associations to provide members with production, marketing, information, technical, and training services, play a coordinating and self-disciplinary role, file applications for agricultural product trade remedy measures, and safeguard the interests of members and the industry.
Chapter Three Agricultural Production
Article 20 The State Council and provincial people's governments shall formulate agricultural development plans in accordance with national economic and social development plans, the basic objectives of agricultural and rural economic development, and agricultural resource zoning.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the provincial level shall, in accordance with agricultural development plans, take measures to give play to regional advantages, promote the formation of a rational regional layout of agricultural production, and guide and coordinate the adjustment of the agricultural and rural economic structure. The competent departments of development and reform, finance, natural resources, water administration, and forestry and grassland of people's governments at or above the provincial level shall, in accordance with their respective functions and duties, take measures to implement agricultural development plans and promote the development of relevant industries.
People's governments at the level of cities divided into districts and at the county level shall formulate and organize the implementation of agricultural development plans in light of actual needs.
Article 21 The State guides and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to adjust and optimize the agricultural production structure and regional layout in light of local conditions, in accordance with market demand and the carrying capacity of the ecological environment, to coordinate the development of crop cultivation, forestry and grassland, animal husbandry, and fishery, to develop agriculture with high quality, high yield, and high efficiency, and to improve the international competitiveness of agricultural products.
Crop cultivation shall focus on optimizing varieties, improving quality, and increasing efficiency to adjust the crop structure, variety structure, and quality structure, and develop the production of grain and agricultural products such as cotton, oil, sugar, and vegetables, as well as forage grass and feed.
The ecological construction of forestry and grassland shall be strengthened, the protection and restoration of natural forests and basic grasslands and the prevention and control of desertification shall be advanced, the construction of shelterbelt systems shall be strengthened, and, on the premise of ensuring ecological security, commercial forests and under-forest economy shall be developed, the forestry and grassland industry shall be developed and strengthened, and the supply of forestry and grassland products shall be increased.
In developing animal husbandry, the breeding and popularization of improved breeds of livestock and poultry shall be strengthened, the reasonable demand for land for livestock and poultry breeding shall be ensured, the protection of grasslands and the development of grassland animal husbandry shall be coordinated and advanced, pen feeding and shed feeding shall be promoted, and the forage industry, feed industry, and livestock and poultry product processing industry shall be actively developed.
Fishery production shall protect and rationally utilize fishery resources, adjust the fishing structure, and actively develop aquaculture, distant-water fishery, and aquatic product processing.
People's governments at or above the county level shall formulate policies, arrange funds, and guide and support the adjustment of the agricultural structure.
Article 22 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to strengthen comprehensive agricultural development and the construction of agricultural and rural infrastructure such as farmland water conservancy, agricultural ecological environment protection, rural roads, rural energy and power grids, agricultural product storage and circulation, fishing ports, grassland fencing, animal and plant original and improved seed bases, agricultural disaster prevention and reduction, and agricultural and rural informatization, improve agricultural production conditions, and protect and enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity.
Article 23 The State supports the breeding, production, renewal, and popularization of improved animal and plant varieties, encourages the combination of variety breeding with production and operation, implements the project of upgrading the modern seed industry, advances the cultivation of improved animal and plant varieties and the tackling of key breeding technologies, safeguards seed industry security, and raises the level of seed industry modernization. The State Council and provincial people's governments shall establish special funds to support the breeding and popularization of improved animal and plant varieties.
Article 24 People's governments at all levels and agricultural production and operation organizations shall strengthen the construction, management, and maintenance of farmland water conservancy facilities, conserve water, promote agricultural water conservation and efficiency enhancement and the development of efficient water-saving agriculture in light of local conditions, ensure the demand for agricultural water use, strictly control the occupation of irrigation water sources by non-agricultural construction in accordance with law, and prohibit any unit or individual from illegally occupying or damaging farmland water conservancy facilities.
The State gives key support to water-deficient areas in promoting agricultural water conservation and efficiency enhancement and developing efficient water-saving agriculture.
Article 25 The State encourages and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to use advanced and applicable agricultural machinery, strengthens the safety management of agricultural machinery, and raises the level of agricultural mechanization.
The State provides support to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations for the purchase and use of advanced and applicable agricultural machinery.
Article 26 People's governments at all levels shall support the development of meteorological undertakings serving agriculture, strengthen the construction of a comprehensive agricultural meteorological monitoring network, and raise the level of meteorological disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning.
Article 27 The State takes measures to improve the quality of agricultural products, establishes and improves the standards, inspection and testing, and supervision and management systems for the quality and safety of agricultural products, guides and organizes the production and operation of agricultural products in accordance with relevant technical specifications, operating procedures, and standards, advances the traceability management of agricultural product quality and safety, and ensures the quality and safety of agricultural products.
Article 28 The State encourages and supports the development of the production of high-quality agricultural products, and supports the lawful establishment and improvement of certification and labeling systems for high-quality agricultural products. High-quality agricultural products that meet the standards prescribed by the State may apply for the use of relevant labels in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations. Agricultural products that meet the requirements of the prescribed place of origin and production specifications may apply for the use of geographical indications in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.
Local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in light of local conditions and in accordance with law, take measures to support farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in maintaining and building a sound production environment for agricultural products, using agricultural inputs scientifically and rationally, implementing quality control over the production process, promoting quality improvement, actively building brands, and improving the quality, efficiency, and competitiveness of agriculture.
Article 29 The State implements the animal and plant epidemic prevention and quarantine system, improves the animal and plant epidemic prevention and quarantine system, improves the animal and plant epidemic monitoring and early warning network, strengthens the monitoring, early warning, and prevention and control of animal epidemics and plant diseases, pests, weeds, rodent damage, and other harmful organisms, establishes a rapid eradication mechanism for major animal and plant epidemics, builds animal disease-free zones, and implements the project of enhancing animal and plant protection capacity.
Article 30 The production and operation of agricultural production materials such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, feed and feed additives, fertilizers, seeds, agricultural machinery, and veterinary instruments that may endanger the safety of humans and livestock shall be subject to the filing, registration, or licensing system in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.
People's governments at all levels shall establish and improve the safe use and quality monitoring systems for agricultural production materials. Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations shall implement the provisions on the use of agricultural production materials, and may not use agricultural production materials such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, feed additives, and agricultural films that are explicitly eliminated or prohibited by the State, or other toxic and harmful substances.
Producers and sellers of agricultural production materials shall be responsible for the quality of the products they produce and sell, and are prohibited from passing off inferior products as high-quality ones, passing off counterfeit products as genuine ones, or passing off non-conforming products as conforming products; and are prohibited from producing and selling agricultural production materials such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, feed additives, agricultural machinery, and agricultural films that are explicitly eliminated by the State.
Chapter Four Circulation and Processing of Agricultural Products
Article 31 The purchase and sale of agricultural products shall be regulated by the market. The State improves the agricultural product market monitoring and early warning mechanism, implements necessary macro-control over the purchase and sale activities of grain and other important agricultural products that bear on the national economy and the people's livelihood, establishes a central and local graded reserve and regulation system, improves the warehousing and transportation system, and ensures supply and stabilizes the market.
Article 32 The State gradually establishes a unified, open, competitive, and orderly agricultural product market system. The State provides support to rural collective economic organizations and farmers' specialized cooperatives in establishing agricultural product wholesale markets and agricultural product fairs.
The market supervision and administration departments and other relevant departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their respective functions and duties, lawfully manage agricultural product wholesale markets, regulate transaction order, and prevent local protectionism and unfair competition.
Article 33 The State encourages and supports the development of agricultural product circulation activities in various forms. It supports farmers and farmers' specialized cooperatives in engaging in the purchase, wholesale, storage, transportation, retail, and intermediary activities of agricultural products in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State. It encourages supply and marketing cooperatives and other agricultural production and operation organizations engaged in the purchase and sale of agricultural products to provide market information, open up agricultural product circulation channels, and serve the sale of agricultural products.
People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to urge relevant departments to ensure the smooth transportation of agricultural products and reduce the cost of agricultural product circulation. Relevant departments shall simplify procedures to facilitate the transportation of fresh and live agricultural products, and, except as otherwise provided by laws and administrative regulations, may not detain the means of transport of fresh and live agricultural products.
Article 34 Local people's governments at or above the county level shall support the construction of facilities such as grain drying, product grading, cold-chain preservation of agricultural products at places of origin, and cold-chain logistics, support the improvement of the county, township, and village logistics and distribution system, raise the technical level of agricultural product storage and transportation, and enhance the capacity to ensure supply.
The State takes measures to guide the integrated development of e-commerce with rural specialty industries and rural delivery and logistics, and improve the rural e-commerce service network. The market supervision and administration, agriculture and rural affairs, and other departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their functions and duties, strengthen the supervision of agricultural products and agricultural production materials sold through e-commerce.
Article 35 The State supports the development of the agricultural product processing industry and the food industry, promotes the optimization and upgrading of the agricultural product processing industry, and increases the added value of agricultural products. People's governments at or above the county level shall guide the agricultural product processing industry to form a rational regional layout and scale structure, and support the processing and comprehensive development and utilization of agricultural products.
The State establishes and improves quality standards for processed agricultural products, improves testing means, enhances testing capacity, and strengthens quality and safety management and supervision in the agricultural product processing process to ensure quality and safety.
Article 36 The State encourages the development of import and export trade in agricultural products and agricultural service trade.
The State takes measures such as strengthening international market research and providing information and marketing services to promote the export of agricultural products.
In order to maintain the order of agricultural product production and marketing and fair trade, an early warning system for agricultural product imports is established. When certain imported goods have caused or may cause major adverse effects on the production of relevant domestic agricultural products, the State may take necessary measures.
Chapter Five Food Security
Article 37 The State implements the national food security strategy of self-reliance as the foundation, basing ourselves on domestic production, ensuring production capacity, moderate imports, and scientific and technological support, adheres to storing grain in the land and storing grain in technology, and ensures basic self-sufficiency of grain and absolute security of staple food.
Article 38 The State takes measures to protect and enhance the comprehensive grain production capacity, steadily raise the level of grain production, and ensure food security.
Article 39 The State gives key support to major grain-producing areas in terms of policy, funds, and technology, builds stable commodity grain production bases, improves grain storage, purchase, and processing facilities, and raises the level of grain production, processing, storage, and transportation and economic benefits in major grain-producing areas.
The State improves the benefit compensation mechanism for major grain-producing areas, improves the fiscal transfer payment system for major grain-producing areas and major grain-producing counties, improves the inter-provincial horizontal benefit compensation mechanism between grain-producing and grain-consuming areas, and mobilizes the enthusiasm of local people's governments at or above the county level for developing grain production.
The State supports the establishment of stable purchase and sale cooperation relations between major grain-producing areas and major grain-consuming areas.
Article 40 The State improves the income guarantee mechanism for grain producers, improves the policy systems of prices, subsidies, and insurance, improves the response mechanism for ensuring supply and stabilizing prices of agricultural production materials, and protects the enthusiasm of grain producers for growing grain.
Article 41 The State strengthens the regulation and control of the grain market.
When the market price of grain is too low, the State Council may decide to implement a price support system for key grain varieties. The support price shall be determined in accordance with the principle of being conducive to protecting the interests of farmers and stabilizing grain production.
People's governments at or above the county level shall organize relevant departments and purchasing units entrusted by the State to raise policy-based grain purchase funds in a timely and sufficient manner, and state policy-based financial institutions shall provide financial support in accordance with the provisions of the State. No department, unit, or individual may withhold or misappropriate such funds.
Article 42 The State establishes a grain security monitoring and early warning system, establishes a government grain reserve system, improves the grain emergency management system, and takes measures to ensure grain supply. The State Council shall formulate grain security guarantee targets and grain reserve quantity indicators, and organize relevant competent departments to conduct verification of cultivated land and grain inventory as needed.
The State implements central government grain reserves and local government grain reserves for grain, and builds a warehousing and transportation system. Enterprises or other organizations undertaking government grain reserves shall, in accordance with laws, regulations, and the relevant provisions of the State, ensure the quantity and quality of reserve grain.
Article 43 The State establishes a grain risk fund for supporting grain reserves, stabilizing the grain market, and other purposes.
Article 44 The State advocates cherishing and economizing on grain, and takes measures to reduce losses and waste in the production, storage, circulation, processing, and consumption of grain and to prevent waste.
The State takes measures to promote the effective supply of various types of food, meet the people's diversified food consumption needs, and improve the people's food nutrition structure. The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs, forestry and grassland, and other competent departments under the State Council shall take measures to raise the level of development of relevant food industries.
Chapter Six Agricultural Inputs and Support and Protection
Article 45 The State promotes the accelerated formation of a pattern of agricultural and rural input in which fiscal funds provide priority guarantee, financial institutions provide key support, and social forces participate in multiple ways. The State raises the effectiveness of policies to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich farmers.
The State improves the agricultural support and protection system, and adopts measures such as fiscal input, tax incentives, and financial support to support farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in developing agricultural production and raising farmers' income levels in terms of capital input, scientific research and technology extension, education and training, supply of agricultural production materials, market information, quality standards, inspection and quarantine, socialized services, and disaster prevention and assistance.
Article 46 The State gradually raises the overall level of agricultural input, adheres to taking agriculture as a field of priority fiscal guarantee, and establishes and improves a mechanism for the stable growth of agricultural input. The annual increase in total agricultural input by central and local finances at or above the county level shall be higher than the increase in their regular fiscal revenue.
The funds arranged for agriculture in the fiscal budgets of people's governments at all levels shall be mainly used for: strengthening agricultural infrastructure construction; supporting the adjustment of the agricultural structure and promoting industrialized agricultural operation; protecting the comprehensive grain production capacity and ensuring national food security; improving the animal and plant epidemic prevention and quarantine system and strengthening the prevention and control of animal epidemics and plant diseases, pests, weeds, rodent damage, and other harmful organisms; supporting agricultural disaster prevention and reduction; establishing and improving agricultural product quality and safety standards and inspection, testing, and supervision systems, and agricultural product market and information service systems; supporting agricultural scientific research and education, agricultural technology extension, farmer training, and rural personnel cultivation; advancing the green development of agriculture and strengthening the construction of agricultural ecological environment protection; and ensuring farmers' income levels.
The agricultural capital construction input of finances at or above the county level for crop cultivation, forestry and grassland, animal husbandry, fishery, and farmland water conservancy shall be arranged in a coordinated manner and increase in a coordinated manner.
The State deeply implements the regional coordinated development strategy, major regional strategies, the main functional zone strategy, and the new urbanization strategy, supports the development of underdeveloped regions, and increases input for agricultural development and ecological environment protection.
Article 47 The funds arranged for agriculture in the annual fiscal budgets of people's governments at or above the county level shall be allocated in full and on time. People's governments at all levels shall strengthen the supervision and management of the distribution and use of various state agricultural funds, ensure the safety of funds, and improve the efficiency of fund use.
No unit or individual may withhold or misappropriate fiscal funds and credit funds used for agriculture. Audit organs shall, in accordance with law, strengthen audit supervision over fiscal and credit funds used for agriculture.
Article 48 The State uses taxation, prices, credit, awards and subsidies, and other means to encourage and guide farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to increase input into agricultural production and operation and capital construction such as small-scale farmland water conservancy.
The State encourages and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to raise agricultural funds in various forms voluntarily and in accordance with law.
Article 49 The State encourages and guides social funds to be invested in agriculture, and encourages enterprises, public institutions, social organizations, and individuals to donate funds to establish funds supporting agricultural construction and agricultural science and technology, education, and other undertakings.
The State takes measures to promote the expanded use of foreign capital in agriculture.
Article 50 People's governments at all levels shall encourage and support enterprises, public institutions, and other types of economic organizations to carry out agricultural information services.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs and other relevant departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall establish systems for the collection, sorting, analysis, and publication of agricultural information, and provide market information and other services to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in a timely manner.
Article 51 The State encourages and supports the development of the agricultural input industry.
The State adopts tax, credit, and other means to encourage and support the production and trade of agricultural production materials, so as to provide material guarantees for the stable development of agricultural production.
The State ensures the production efficiency of major agricultural products by lawfully adopting macro-control measures on major agricultural production materials such as fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural diesel, agricultural electricity, and agricultural water.
Article 52 People's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments shall take measures to support the cause of agricultural socialized services.
For those engaged in agricultural socialized services across regions, the relevant departments of agriculture and rural affairs, market supervision and administration, transportation, and public security shall take measures to provide support.
Article 53 The State establishes and improves a multi-level, wide-coverage, and sustainable rural financial system, promotes the facilitation of financial services, strengthens the construction of the rural credit system and rural financial supervision, and raises the level of rural financial services.
Relevant financial institutions shall take measures to increase credit input, improve rural financial services, and provide credit support for agricultural production and operation activities.
Rural commercial banks, rural credit cooperatives, and other rural small and medium-sized financial institutions shall adhere to the purpose of serving agriculture, farmers, and rural development, and give priority to providing credit services for the production and operation activities of local farmers.
The State encourages financial institutions to provide loans to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations for their agricultural production and operation activities through measures such as interest subsidies, so as to reduce financing costs.
The State establishes and improves the agricultural credit guarantee system. Agricultural credit guarantee institutions established with fiscal funds shall mainly serve business entities engaged in agricultural production and activities directly related to agricultural production.
Article 54 The State improves the agricultural insurance system, develops multi-level agricultural insurance, enriches insurance varieties, raises the level of protection and service quality, and gives play to its role in stabilizing agricultural production, reducing disaster losses, and guaranteeing income.
The State improves the policy-based agricultural insurance system and improves the fiscal-supported mechanism for spreading major disaster risks in agricultural insurance. The finance departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall implement agricultural insurance premium subsidies in accordance with the provisions of the State. The relevant departments of the State Council shall, in accordance with law, strengthen the review of the fairness and reasonableness of agricultural insurance terms and premium rates, improve the effectiveness of the use of fiscal subsidy funds, and strengthen the supervision of agricultural insurance.
The State encourages and supports commercial insurance companies and mutual assistance cooperative insurance organizations to lawfully carry out agricultural insurance business.
Agricultural insurance implements the principles of government guidance, market operation, voluntary participation, and coordinated advancement. No unit or individual may compel farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to participate in agricultural insurance.
Article 55 The State encourages qualified financial institutions and agriculture-related enterprises to issue bonds for use in agriculture. Government bonds issued in accordance with the provisions of the State shall increase support for the development of modern agriculture.
The State improves the mechanism for the multi-level capital market to support agriculture, guides the stable and healthy development of the agricultural product futures market, and gives play to the functions of the futures market in discovering prices, managing risks, and allocating resources.
Article 56 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to improve the ability of agriculture to defend against natural disasters, do well the work of disaster prevention, reduction, and relief, help disaster-affected persons resume production, organize production self-rescue, and carry out social mutual assistance; and provide assistance and support to disaster-affected persons without basic livelihood guarantees.
Chapter Seven Agricultural Science and Technology, Education, and Personnel
Article 57 The State Council and provincial people's governments shall promote the development of agricultural science and technology, education, and personnel by formulating and implementing relevant plans and other measures.
People's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State, gradually increase agricultural science and technology funds and agricultural education funds.
The State encourages and attracts enterprises and other social forces to increase input into agricultural science and technology, and encourages farmers, agricultural production and operation organizations, enterprises, public institutions, and others to lawfully run agricultural science and technology and education undertakings.
Article 58 The State takes measures to strengthen agricultural scientific and technological innovation, build national strategic strength in agricultural science and technology, give play to the principal role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, strengthen original innovation in agriculture and the tackling of key core technologies, raise agricultural labor productivity and the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress, and accelerate the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in agricultural science and technology.
The competent department of agriculture and rural affairs under the State Council and provincial people's governments shall coordinate and integrate agricultural scientific and technological innovation resources, and strengthen the capacity building of innovation platforms and innovation entities.
Article 59 The State protects intellectual property rights such as new plant varieties and geographical indications, encourages, supports, and guides institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions, and enterprises to strengthen basic research and applied research in agricultural science and technology, disseminate and popularize agricultural science and technology knowledge, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and their industrialization, and promote the progress of agricultural science and technology.
The State encourages the research and development, popularization, and application of new agricultural varieties, new technologies, new equipment, and new products, and builds a modern agricultural industrial technology system to meet the needs of raising the level of agricultural modernization.
The State supports the development of smart agriculture and encourages the integration of new technologies such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence with agricultural production, operation, and management.
The State takes measures to promote international agricultural science and technology and education exchange and cooperation, and encourages and supports the introduction of advanced foreign technology.
Article 60 The State supports the cause of agricultural technology extension, establishes an agricultural technology extension system combining government support with market guidance, paid services with free services, and state agricultural technology extension institutions with social forces, and promotes the rapid popularization and application of advanced agricultural technology and equipment.
Article 61 State agricultural technology extension institutions shall, relying on agricultural technology experiment and demonstration bases, undertake public welfare responsibilities such as the extension and demonstration of key technologies needed by the public, and provide free agricultural technology services to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations.
People's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the needs of agricultural production development, stabilize and strengthen the agricultural technology extension workforce and guarantee the working funds of agricultural technology extension institutions.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to guarantee and improve the working conditions, wages and treatment, and living conditions of professional scientific and technological personnel engaged in agricultural technology extension work in accordance with the provisions of the State, and encourage them to serve agriculture.
Article 62 Scientific research institutions, relevant schools, farmers' specialized cooperatives, agriculture-related enterprises, mass scientific and technological organizations, and relevant scientific and technological personnel may, in accordance with the needs of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, provide free services, and may also provide paid services and obtain lawful income through forms such as technology transfer, technology services, technology contracting, technology consulting, technology licensing, and technology equity participation. Scientific research institutions, relevant schools, farmers' specialized cooperatives, agriculture-related enterprises, mass scientific and technological organizations, and relevant scientific and technological personnel shall improve service levels and ensure service quality.
The State grants preferential treatment in taxation, credit, and other aspects to enterprises run by scientific research institutions, relevant schools, and agricultural technology extension institutions to serve agriculture.
The State encourages and supports farmers, farmers' specialized cooperatives, supply and marketing cooperatives, relevant associations, and other enterprises and public institutions to participate in agricultural technology extension work.
Article 63 The State establishes a continuing education system for agricultural professional and technical personnel. The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the county level shall, together with the relevant departments of education and human resources and social security, formulate continuing education plans for agricultural professional and technical personnel and organize their implementation.
Article 64 The State lawfully implements compulsory education in rural areas, establishes and improves a unified urban-rural compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism, and ensures compulsory education funding. The salaries of teaching and administrative staff of ordinary primary and secondary schools run by the State in rural areas shall be uniformly paid by county people's governments in accordance with the provisions of the State, and the funds for the construction and maintenance of teaching facilities such as school buildings shall be uniformly arranged by county people's governments in accordance with the provisions of the State.
Article 65 The State develops higher agricultural education and vocational education, strengthens the construction of agriculture-related disciplines and specialties, and supports the cultivation of urgently needed professional personnel in agriculture-related fields.
The relevant departments of the State Council shall, in accordance with the unified provisions of the national vocational qualification and vocational skill level systems, formulate the occupational classification and occupational standards of the agricultural industry, and manage the vocational qualification certificates and vocational skill level certificates of the agricultural industry.
Article 66 The State organizes and carries out training in practical agricultural technical skills and other employment training, cultivates local rural personnel, takes measures to encourage farmers to adopt advanced agricultural technology, supports farmers in running various scientific and technological organizations, gives play to the role of agricultural radio and television schools, and improves farmers' cultural and technical quality and production and operation skills.
Chapter Eight Protection of Land and Other Agricultural Resources
Article 67 The development of agriculture and the rural economy must rationally utilize and protect natural resources such as land, water, forests, grasslands, and wild animals and plants, rationally develop and utilize renewable and clean energy such as hydropower, wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, and ocean energy, develop ecological agriculture, and protect and improve the ecological environment.
The State carries out agricultural resource surveys in a planned manner. People's governments at or above the county level shall formulate agricultural resource zoning or zoning for the rational utilization and protection of agricultural resources, and establish agricultural resource monitoring systems.
Article 68 The State implements the strictest farmland protection system, lawfully implements special protection for permanent basic farmland, and ensures that the total amount of farmland and permanent basic farmland determined by territorial spatial planning does not decrease, quality improves, and ecological functions remain stable.
The State establishes and implements a compensation system for farmland protection and quality improvement.
The State strictly controls the conversion of farmland into non-farmland. Where farmland truly needs to be occupied, the responsibility for supplementing farmland shall be implemented in accordance with law. Local people's governments at or above the county level may, in accordance with law, require the stripping and rational utilization of the topsoil of farmland occupied by non-agricultural construction.
People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to strengthen soil improvement, fertility cultivation, and treatment and restoration, organize the treatment of degraded farmland, improve farmland infrastructure, protect and enhance farmland quality, and conduct investigation, monitoring, and evaluation of farmland quality.
People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland, clarify the construction content and construction standards, and improve the mechanisms for project establishment, construction, acceptance, and management and maintenance.
Article 69 The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to support farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in strengthening farmland quality construction and participating in the construction and management and maintenance of high-standard farmland.
Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations shall maintain farmland, use chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and agricultural films scientifically and rationally, increase the use of organic fertilizers, adopt advanced technology, protect and improve soil fertility, and prevent the pollution, damage, and fertility decline of agricultural land. The State encourages the use of agricultural films that are degradable and harmless in the ecological environment.
The State strengthens the protection of black soil, adheres to the combination of use and maintenance, and promotes the sustainable utilization of black soil.
Article 70 The State adheres to the integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, grasslands, and deserts, implements major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems, and strengthens the protection and restoration of ecology.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to strengthen comprehensive management of small watersheds and prevent and control soil erosion. Units and individuals engaged in production and construction activities that may cause soil erosion must take preventive measures and be responsible for controlling the soil erosion caused by their production and construction activities.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to prevent land desertification and treat desertified land.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to carry out the treatment and comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land in light of local conditions.
Article 71 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to organize the masses to carry out afforestation and greening, protect forest land and trees, prevent forest fires, prevent and control forest pests, stop the indiscriminate and illegal felling of trees, and raise the forest coverage rate and forest stock volume. The State implements a system of compulsory tree planting by the whole people.
The State implements a comprehensive protection system for natural forests, strictly restricts the felling of natural forests, and protects and restores natural forests.
Article 72 Relevant local people's governments shall strengthen the protection, construction, and management of grasslands, promote the development of grassland animal husbandry, guide and organize farmers (herdsmen) and agricultural (animal husbandry) production and operation organizations to build artificial grasslands, forage grass and feed bases, and improve natural grasslands, implement the determination of livestock numbers by grass yield and the balance between grass and livestock, rationally control livestock carrying capacity, implement the systems of rest grazing and grazing prohibition, promote rotational grazing by zones, protect grassland vegetation, strengthen the prevention and control of grassland fires and pests and diseases, and prevent grassland degradation, desertification, salinization, rocky desertification, and soil erosion.
Article 73 It is prohibited to reclaim land by destroying forests and grasslands, to reclaim land by burning mountains, and to reclaim steep slopes that the State prohibits from reclamation. It is prohibited to reclaim farmland by draining lakes and to reclaim (enclose) natural wetlands.
Farmers who implement the conversion of farmland back to forest or grassland within the scope approved by the State Council's planning shall be subsidized in accordance with the provisions of the State.
Article 74 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to lawfully implement the systems of fishing licenses, fishing quotas, and fishing moratoriums and closed fishing seasons, increase fishery resources, and protect the ecological environment of fishing waters.
The State guides and supports farmers (fishermen) and agricultural (fishery) production and operation organizations engaged in the fishing industry to engage in aquaculture or other occupations, and farmers (fishermen) who change their industry or transfer their occupation in accordance with the unified planning of local people's governments shall be subsidized or provided with resettlement guarantees in accordance with the provisions of the State.
Article 75 The State establishes a protection system for biological species resources related to agricultural production, protects biodiversity, and implements key protection for rare, endangered, and precious biological resources and their native habitats. The State strengthens the census, collection, protection, development, and utilization of germplasm resources, and builds a national germplasm resource bank.
The introduction of biological species resources from abroad shall be subject to examination and approval or registration in accordance with law, and corresponding safety control measures shall be taken.
People's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments shall take measures to strengthen the prevention and control of invasive alien species.
The research, experimentation, introduction, production, processing, operation, and other applications of agricultural genetically modified organisms must strictly implement various safety control measures in accordance with the provisions of the State.
Chapter Nine Green Development of Agriculture
Article 76 The State promotes the comprehensive green transformation of agricultural development, encourages and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to adopt intensive and economical planting and breeding technologies, and strengthens the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at all levels shall guide farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to adopt physical and biological measures or use highly effective, low-toxicity, and low-residue pesticides and veterinary drugs, and scientifically prevent and control animal and plant diseases, pests, weeds, rodent damage, and other harmful organisms. Units and individuals engaged in livestock, poultry, and aquaculture shall rationally feed, bait, and fertilize, use drugs correctly, and prevent environmental pollution and ecological damage.
The State strengthens the research, development, and application of technologies and products such as biological control of pests and diseases, microbial fertilizers, and biological pesticides, and promotes the production of green and high-quality agricultural products.
Article 77 The State gives priority to the development of ecological circular agriculture, advances the recovery, harmless treatment, and comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste, and encourages the development of planting-breeding circular agriculture.
Straw and other residual materials after the harvest of agricultural products shall be comprehensively utilized and properly disposed of to prevent environmental pollution and ecological damage. Local people's governments at all levels shall scientifically and precisely strengthen the organization, guidance, and management of straw burning.
Article 78 People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to urge relevant units to carry out treatment and prevent the pollution of the agricultural ecological environment by waste water, waste gas, solid waste, or other toxic and harmful substances. Where the discharge or dumping of waste water, waste gas, solid waste, or other toxic and harmful substances causes a pollution accident of the agricultural ecological environment, the competent department of ecological environment or the competent department of agriculture and rural affairs shall investigate and handle it in accordance with law; where losses are caused to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, the responsible persons concerned shall compensate in accordance with law.
Article 79 The State encourages and supports the protection of agricultural resources and the development of ecological agriculture, lawfully implements ecological protection compensation, and gradually improves the mechanism for realizing the value of agricultural ecological products.
Article 80 The State takes measures to actively respond to the impact of climate change on agriculture.
Chapter Ten Protection of Farmers' Rights and Interests
Article 81 Any organ or unit that collects administrative or institutional fees from farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations must do so in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. The basis, items, scope, and standards of fees shall be published. Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations have the right to refuse fees that have no basis in laws or regulations.
Any organ or unit that imposes fines or penalties on farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations must do so in accordance with the provisions of laws, regulations, and rules. Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations have the right to refuse fines that have no basis in laws, regulations, or rules.
No organ or unit may make apportionments on farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations in any manner. Except as otherwise provided by laws and regulations, any requirement by any organ or unit in any manner for farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations to provide manpower, financial resources, or material resources constitutes an apportionment. Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations have the right to refuse apportionments in any form.
Article 82 Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations bear tax obligations in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations and enjoy tax reductions and exemptions provided by laws and administrative regulations.
Article 83 People's governments at all levels and their relevant departments and subordinate units may not raise funds from farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations in any manner.
People's governments at all levels shall establish and improve a long-term mechanism for rectifying formalism and reducing burdens at the grassroots level, strictly control supervision, inspection, and assessment at the grassroots level, and streamline and optimize agriculture-related assessments. Without the basis of laws or regulations or the approval of the State Council, no organ or unit may carry out any form of standard-reaching, upgrading, or acceptance activities in rural areas.
Article 84 Rural compulsory education shall not charge fees other than those prescribed by the State from farmers and students. It is prohibited for any organ or unit to collect fees from farmers through rural primary and secondary schools.
The State takes measures to ensure the food safety of rural primary and secondary schools and improve the nutritional and health status of students.
Article 85 Where the State expropriates land collectively owned by farmers for the needs of the public interest in accordance with law, it shall protect the lawful rights and interests of farmers and rural collective economic organizations, pay land expropriation compensation in accordance with law, and arrange social security expenses. No unit or individual may withhold or misappropriate such compensation and expenses. Where the rural residential houses of villagers are expropriated, their right to housing and lawful housing property rights and interests shall be protected in accordance with law.
The State guarantees the lawful land rights and interests of farmers who settle in cities and towns, and lawfully safeguards the land contract management rights, homestead land use rights, and collective income distribution rights of farmers who settle in cities and towns.
Article 86 People's governments at all levels, rural collective economic organizations, or villagers' committees shall, in the processes of agricultural and rural economic structural adjustment, industrialized agricultural operation, and the transfer of land management rights, fully respect the wishes of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, may not infringe upon land contract management rights and land management rights, may not interfere with the production and operation projects independently and lawfully arranged by farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, may not forcibly destroy crop seedlings or fruit trees in full bearing period, and may not compel farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to purchase designated production materials or sell agricultural products through designated channels.
Article 87 Where rural collective economic organizations or villagers' committees need to raise funds or labor from their members (villagers) for developing production or running public welfare undertakings, they may do so only after the matter has been adopted by the members' (villagers') meeting or the members' (villagers') representative meeting in accordance with law.
Where rural collective economic organizations or villagers' committees raise funds or labor in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, they may not exceed the upper limit control standards prescribed by the State Council and provincial people's governments, and it is prohibited to forcibly commute labor with money payments.
Rural collective economic organizations and villagers' committees shall disclose important matters involving the interests of members (villagers) to the members (villagers), regularly publish financial accounts, and accept the supervision of the members (villagers).
Article 88 Any unit or individual that provides paid services such as production, technology, information, culture, and insurance to farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations must adhere to the principle of voluntariness and may not compel farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to accept services.
Article 89 When purchasing agricultural products, agricultural product purchasing units may not depress grades or prices, and may not deduct any fees from the payment.
Where a dispute arises between an agricultural product purchasing unit and an agricultural product seller over the quality grade of agricultural products, an agricultural product quality inspection institution with statutory qualifications may be entrusted to conduct inspection.
Article 90 Where users of agricultural production materials suffer losses due to quality problems of the production materials, the operator that sold the production materials shall compensate, and the amount of compensation shall include the purchase price, relevant expenses, and losses of obtainable benefits.
Article 91 Farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations have the right to report circumstances to and raise lawful demands with people's governments at all levels and their relevant departments in order to safeguard their own lawful rights and interests. People's governments and their relevant departments shall give timely replies to reasonable demands raised by farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations in accordance with the provisions of the State.
Article 92 Where farmers' rights and interests are infringed upon in violation of the provisions of laws, farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations may apply for administrative reconsideration or bring a lawsuit in the people's court in accordance with law, and the relevant administrative reconsideration organ or people's court shall accept the case in accordance with law.
Where the lawful rights and interests of farmers are infringed upon and the conditions for legal aid are met, they may apply for legal aid in accordance with law.
Article 93 The State strengthens rural governance, advances the construction of safe villages, builds harmonious and orderly rural society, and continuously enhances the sense of gain, happiness, and security of the broad masses of farmers.
Chapter Eleven Rural Economic Development
Article 94 The State adheres to integrated urban-rural development, raises the level of integration of urban and rural planning, construction, and governance, promotes the equal exchange and two-way flow of urban and rural factors, advances the balanced allocation of public resources, and promotes the common prosperity of urban and rural areas.
The State supports the development of new business forms such as ecotourism, folk culture, and leisure agriculture relying on the characteristic resources of agriculture and rural areas, promotes the deep integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, adjusts and optimizes the rural economic structure, strengthens industries that enrich the people at the county level, increases farmers' income, promotes the comprehensive development of the rural economy, and gradually narrows the urban-rural gap.
Article 95 Territorial spatial planning shall comprehensively consider the needs of urban and rural production, living, and ecological land use, and rationally arrange various types of land for rural industry, housing, public services, and infrastructure. Construction land indicators shall guarantee the reasonable needs of rural development.
People's governments at or above the county level shall optimize the layout of urban and rural industrial development and coordinate the planning, construction, management, and maintenance of urban and rural public infrastructure.
Article 96 The State promotes the development of the rural market economy and guarantees the equal legal status and development rights of all types of business entities.
Rural economic development shall adhere to the principal position of farmers and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of farmers.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to develop rural enterprises, support the development of agriculture, and absorb rural labor force employment. The State improves the support measures for the development of rural enterprises, and guides rural enterprises to optimize their structure, update technology, and improve competitiveness.
The State improves the rural collective property rights system, develops the new-type rural collective economy, and guarantees members' right to collective income distribution.
The State guides, regulates, and protects social capital to participate in rural development in accordance with law, supports farmers, college students, retired military personnel, and other persons returning to and entering rural areas to start businesses and find employment in rural areas, and encourages farmers' specialized cooperatives, supply and marketing cooperatives, and agricultural enterprises to establish close interest linkage mechanisms with farmers.
Article 97 Local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the local economic development level, locational advantages, and resource conditions, and in accordance with the principles of rational layout, scientific planning, and land conservation, advance the construction of small towns in rural areas with priorities.
Local people's governments at all levels shall pay attention to the use of market mechanisms, improve corresponding policies, attract farmers and social funds to invest in the development and construction of small towns, develop secondary and tertiary industries, and guide rural enterprises to develop in a relatively concentrated manner.
Article 98 The State coordinates the urban and rural employment policy system, takes measures to promote the formation of a human resources market that is fair in competition, standardized and orderly, and unified between urban and rural areas, improves the public employment and entrepreneurship service system that is equal between urban and rural areas, and guides the rational and orderly flow of labor between urban and rural areas and between regions. Local people's governments at all levels shall lawfully protect the lawful rights and interests of rural workers employed in cities and towns, and may not set unreasonable restrictions; those already set shall be abolished.
People's governments at all levels and their relevant departments shall take measures to comprehensively implement equal employment and equal pay for equal work for urban and rural workers, and lawfully protect the labor and social security rights and interests of migrant workers, including wages.
Article 99 The State improves the social insurance system and lawfully protects the lawful rights and interests of farmers in participating in social insurance and enjoying social insurance benefits.
The State improves the hierarchical and categorical social assistance system, improves the systems of minimum living security, support for persons in extreme difficulty, and temporary assistance, guarantees the basic livelihood of recipients of assistance such as rural minimum living security recipients and persons in extreme difficulty, and provides special assistance in medical care, housing, education, and employment in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State.
Article 100 The State supports underdeveloped regions in improving their economic development conditions, helps them carry out economic development, coordinates the establishment of normalized mechanisms for preventing relapse into poverty and the emergence of new poverty, and continuously consolidates and expands the achievements of poverty alleviation.
People's governments at all levels shall adhere to the policy of development-oriented assistance, enhance the endogenous development momentum of underdeveloped regions, guide and organize the rational use of assistance funds, rely on their own strength to change their backward appearance, promote the growth and expansion of industries, improve the skills and quality of rural workers, enhance employability and mobilize enthusiasm for participating in development, and guide the adjustment of the economic structure and the development of local resources. The development of underdeveloped regions shall adhere to the combination with resource protection and ecological construction, and promote the coordinated development and comprehensive progress of the economy, society, and ecology.
Article 101 The State Council and provincial people's governments shall include normalized assistance input in the annual fiscal budget, increase fiscal transfer payments and construction capital input to underdeveloped regions, and improve the performance of fund use.
The State encourages and supports financial institutions, other enterprises and public institutions, social organizations, and individuals to invest funds to support the development and construction of underdeveloped regions.
It is prohibited for any unit or individual to withhold or misappropriate assistance funds. Audit organs shall strengthen audit supervision over assistance funds.
Chapter Twelve Supervision and Inspection
Article 102 People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to gradually improve the agricultural and rural administrative management system that meets the requirements of the development of the socialist market economy.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs and relevant departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen their functions of planning, guidance, management, coordination, supervision, and service, administer according to law, and enforce the law impartially.
Local people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen comprehensive agricultural law enforcement, stabilize the law enforcement team, guarantee law enforcement conditions, improve the quality and ability of law enforcement personnel, raise the efficiency and level of law enforcement, strengthen law enforcement supervision, and advance strict, standardized, fair, and civilized law enforcement.
Article 103 When performing the duties of law enforcement supervision and inspection, the competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the county level have the right to take the following measures:
(1) requiring the inspected unit or individual to explain the circumstances and provide relevant documents and materials;
(2) entering agricultural production and operation premises to conduct on-site inspection;
(3) lawfully investigating suspected illegal acts, and ordering the violator to cease the illegal act and perform legal obligations;
(4) sealing up, seizing, or detaining premises, facilities, or property suspected of being involved in illegal agricultural production materials production and operation activities.
When performing the duties of supervision and inspection, agricultural administrative law enforcement personnel shall show their administrative law enforcement certificates to the inspected unit or individual and comply with law enforcement procedures. The relevant unit or individual shall cooperate with agricultural administrative law enforcement personnel in lawfully performing their duties, and may not refuse or obstruct them.
Article 104 The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs and agricultural production and operation units must be completely separated in institutions, personnel, and finance. The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs and their staff may not participate in or engage in agricultural production and operation activities.
Chapter Thirteen Legal Liability
Article 105 Whoever, in violation of the provisions of this Law, infringes upon the land contract management rights, land management rights, or other property rights or other lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations shall cease the infringement and restore the original state; where losses or damage are caused, they shall bear compensation liability in accordance with law.
Where state functionaries, taking advantage of their positions or under other pretexts, infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, they shall compensate for losses and be given sanctions in accordance with law.
Article 106 Whoever violates the relevant provisions of Articles 24, 30, 73, 75, and 85 of this Law shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.
Article 107 Where any of the following acts is committed, the competent organ at the higher level shall order the return of the withheld or misappropriated funds within a time limit, confiscate the illegal gains, and impose sanctions on the directly responsible persons in charge and other directly responsible persons in accordance with law:
(1) violating the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 41 of this Law by withholding or misappropriating grain purchase funds;
(2) violating the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 47 of this Law by withholding or misappropriating fiscal funds and credit funds used for agriculture;
(3) violating the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 101 of this Law by withholding or misappropriating assistance funds.
Article 108 Where fees, fines, or apportionments are illegally collected from farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations in violation of the provisions of Article 81 of this Law, the competent organ at the higher level shall stop the act and make a public announcement; where money has already been collected or manpower and material resources have already been used, the competent organ at the higher level shall order the return of the money already collected within a time limit or the reimbursement of the manpower and material resources already used at a converted price, and impose sanctions on the directly responsible persons in charge and other directly responsible persons in accordance with law.
Article 109 Where any of the following acts is committed, the competent organ at the higher level shall order the cessation of the illegal act, impose sanctions on the directly responsible persons in charge and other directly responsible persons in accordance with law, and order the return of the illegally collected fund-raising money or fees:
(1) violating the provisions of Article 83 of this Law by illegally conducting fund-raising, standard-reaching, upgrading, or acceptance activities in rural areas;
(2) violating the provisions of Article 84 of this Law by collecting fees from farmers through rural primary and secondary schools in excess of the prescribed amounts or beyond the prescribed items.
Article 110 Where farmers are compelled to commute labor with money payments in violation of the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 87 of this Law, the township people's government shall order correction and return the illegally collected funds.
Article 111 Where farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations are compelled to accept paid services in violation of the provisions of Article 88 of this Law, the relevant people's government shall order correction and return the illegally collected fees; where circumstances are serious, sanctions shall be imposed on the directly responsible persons in charge and other directly responsible persons in accordance with law; where losses are caused to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, compensation liability shall be borne in accordance with law.
Article 112 Where staff members of the competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the county level participate in and engage in agricultural production and operation activities in violation of the provisions of this Law, sanctions shall be imposed in accordance with law.
Article 113 Whoever, in violation of the provisions of this Law, infringes upon the lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, and the act constitutes a crime, shall be investigated for criminal liability in accordance with law.
Chapter Fourteen Supplementary Provisions
Article 114 For workers of state-owned farms, forest farms, pasture farms, fishery farms, and other enterprises and public institutions who implement contracted management, the provisions of this Law concerning farmers shall apply mutatis mutandis.
Article 115 This Law shall come into force as of January 1, 2027.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 28)
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China
No. 82
The Agriculture Law of the People's Republic of China, as revised, was adopted at the 24th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on August 28, 2026, and is hereby promulgated, to come into force on January 1, 2027.
Xi Jinping, President of the People's Republic of China
August 28, 2026
Table of Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Agricultural Production and Operation System
Chapter III Agricultural Production
Chapter IV Circulation and Processing of Agricultural Products
Chapter V Food Security
Chapter VI Agricultural Inputs and Support and Protection
Chapter VII Agricultural Science and Technology, Education, and Talent
Chapter VIII Protection of Land and Other Agricultural Resources
Chapter IX Green Development of Agriculture
Chapter X Protection of Farmers' Rights and Interests
Chapter XI Rural Economic Development
Chapter XII Supervision and Inspection
Chapter XIII Legal Liability
Chapter XIV Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 This Law is enacted in accordance with the Constitution for the purposes of consolidating and strengthening the foundational position of agriculture in the national economy, deepening rural reform, protecting agricultural resources, developing agricultural productive forces, advancing agricultural modernization, safeguarding the lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, increasing farmers' income, raising farmers' scientific and cultural quality, promoting the sustained, stable, and healthy development of agriculture and the rural economy, advancing the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, accelerating the building of a strong agricultural country, and comprehensively building a modern socialist country.
Article 2 For the purposes of this Law, agriculture refers to the industries of crop cultivation, forestry and grassland, animal husbandry, and fishery, as well as services directly related thereto before, during, and after production.
For the purposes of this Law, agricultural production and operation organizations refer to rural collective economic organizations, specialized farmer cooperatives, agricultural enterprises, and other organizations engaged in agricultural production and operation.
Article 3 Agricultural and rural work shall uphold the leadership of the Communist Party of China, implement the new development philosophy of innovation, coordination, green development, openness, and sharing, promote high-quality development, and coordinate development and security.
The state adheres to the priority development of agriculture and rural areas, places agriculture first in the development of the national economy, and coordinates the development of science-and-technology agriculture, green agriculture, quality agriculture, and brand agriculture.
The basic goals of agricultural and rural economic development are: to improve the rural economic system that meets the requirements of developing the socialist market economy; to continuously emancipate and develop rural productive forces; to enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity and quality and efficiency; to ensure the stable and secure supply of grain and other important agricultural products; to meet the needs of national economic development and the people's aspirations for a better life; to raise farmers' income and living standards; to promote multi-channel employment of the rural labor force; to advance the building of livable, workable, and beautiful villages; to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions; to promote integrated urban-rural development; and to gradually realize agricultural and rural modernization.
Article 4 The state upholds and improves the basic socialist economic systems, including the system under which public ownership is the mainstay and economic entities under diverse forms of ownership develop together, the system under which distribution according to work is the mainstay and multiple modes of distribution coexist, and the socialist market economy system, and revitalizes the rural economy.
The state consolidates and improves the two-tier management system in rural areas based on household contract management with the combination of unified and separate management, and improves a convenient and efficient socialized agricultural service system.
The state protects the lawful rights and interests of rural collective economic organizations and their members, regulates rural collective economic organizations and their operation and management, promotes the development of rural collective economic organizations, and expands and strengthens the new-type rural collective economy.
Article 5 The state adheres to the concept of big agriculture and the concept of big food, adheres to the simultaneous development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, ensures food security, and builds a diversified food supply system.
Article 6 The state takes measures to expand the multiple functions of agriculture and ensure that agriculture better plays its role in providing food, industrial raw materials, and other agricultural products, maintaining and improving the ecological environment, inheriting and carrying forward the excellent traditional Chinese farming culture, and promoting rural economic and social development.
Article 7 The state adheres to the policy of revitalizing agriculture through science and education and the sustainable development of agriculture, develops new quality productive forces in agriculture in light of local conditions, and promotes the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation.
The state takes measures to strengthen agricultural and rural infrastructure construction, adjust and optimize the agricultural and rural economic structure, promote industrialized agricultural operation, develop agricultural science and technology, education, and talent undertakings, cultivate agricultural science and technology and operation and management talent, promote the green development of agriculture, protect the agricultural ecological environment, promote agricultural mechanization, informatization, and intellectualization, and enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity.
Article 8 The state takes increasing farmers' income as the central task of agricultural and rural work. People's governments at all levels and their relevant departments shall take measures to increase farmers' income, effectively reduce the burden on farmers, narrow the income gap between urban and rural residents, and solidly promote common prosperity.
The state protects the lawful property and other lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations from infringement.
Article 9 The whole society shall attach great importance to agriculture and rural areas and support agricultural and rural development.
Units and individuals that make outstanding contributions to agricultural and rural work shall be commended and rewarded in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.
Article 10 People's governments at all levels are uniformly responsible for agricultural and rural economic development work, and organize all relevant departments and the whole society to do a good job in developing agriculture and in all work serving the development of agriculture.
The competent department of agriculture and rural affairs of the State Council is in charge of agricultural and rural economic development work nationwide, and the competent department of forestry and grassland of the State Council and other relevant departments are responsible for the relevant agricultural and rural economic development work within their respective functions and duties.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of local people's governments at or above the county level are responsible for agricultural and rural economic development work such as crop cultivation, animal husbandry, and fishery within their respective administrative areas, and the competent departments of forestry and grassland are responsible for forestry and grassland work within their respective administrative areas. Other relevant departments of local people's governments at or above the county level are responsible for the relevant work of serving agricultural production and operation within their respective administrative areas and within their respective functions and duties.
Article 11 The state adheres to the policy of equality and mutual benefit and win-win cooperation, supports international exchanges and cooperation in the field of agriculture, and actively participates in international governance of agricultural sustainable development and food security.
Chapter II Agricultural Production and Operation System
Article 12 The state implements the rural land contract management system, legally guarantees that rural land contract relations are stable and remain unchanged for a long time to come, and protects farmers' right to land contractual management over contracted land. The state protects the transferee's lawful, voluntary, and compensated transfer of land management rights and protects the lawful rights and interests of holders of land management rights.
Rural collective economic organizations shall, on the basis of household contract management, legally operate and manage collective property, provide their members with production, technology, information, and other services, organize the rational development, utilization, and protection of collective resources, and expand their economic strength.
The state promotes the building of a modern agricultural industrial system, production system, and operation system, develops agricultural operation at an appropriate scale, and realizes the organic connection between household management by farmers and the development of modern agriculture.
Article 13 The state encourages the lawful and voluntary development of specialized farmer cooperatives on the basis of household contract management.
Specialized farmer cooperatives shall adhere to the purpose of serving their members, and, in accordance with the principles of voluntary joining, free withdrawal, democratic management, and return of surplus, lawfully carry out agricultural production and operation and service activities within the scope stipulated in their articles of association.
Specialized farmer cooperatives are lawfully established and registered and obtain the status of legal persons. No unit or individual may infringe upon the lawful property, operational autonomy, or other lawful rights and interests of specialized farmer cooperatives.
Article 14 Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations may voluntarily, in accordance with the principle of combining democratic management, distribution according to work, and distribution of dividends according to shares, contribute capital, technology, physical objects, and other contributions as shares and lawfully establish various types of enterprises.
Article 15 The state encourages and supports the development of family farms that take the family as the basic operating unit and implement operation at an appropriate scale, guides them to adapt to modern agriculture, and raises the level of intensification and operational efficiency. Rural collective economic organizations may support the development of family farms by providing technical and information services and other means.
Article 16 The state strengthens the planning and construction of state-owned farms, forest farms, pasture farms, and fishery farms, and better gives play to their exemplary and leading role in developing modern agriculture.
The lawful land rights and interests of state-owned farms, forest farms, pasture farms, and fishery farms are protected by law. Without going through the approval procedures in accordance with state regulations, the land used by state-owned farms, forest farms, pasture farms, and fishery farms may not be taken back without authorization.
Article 17 The state encourages supply and marketing cooperatives, rural collective economic organizations, specialized farmer cooperatives, agricultural enterprises, other organizations, and individuals to develop multi-level and multi-type specialized services, and raises the level of socialized services before, during, and after agricultural production.
Article 18 The state takes measures to develop industrialized agricultural operation in various forms, and encourages and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in developing integrated production, processing, and sales operations.
The state guides and supports enterprises, scientific research institutions, and other organizations engaged in the production, processing, and circulation services of agricultural products, through concluding contracts with farmers, rural collective economic organizations, and specialized farmer cooperatives or establishing various types of enterprises, to form a community of shared interests with shared benefits and shared risks, promote industrialized agricultural operation, and drive agricultural development.
Article 19 Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations may, in accordance with laws and administrative regulations, establish organizations such as agricultural product industry associations, which provide members with production, marketing, information, technology, training, and other services, play a coordinating and self-regulatory role, file applications for agricultural product trade remedy measures, and safeguard the interests of members and the industry.
Chapter III Agricultural Production
Article 20 The State Council and provincial people's governments formulate agricultural development plans in accordance with national economic and social development plans, the basic goals of agricultural and rural economic development, and agricultural resource zoning.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the provincial level, in accordance with agricultural development plans, take measures to give play to regional advantages, promote the formation of a rational regional layout of agricultural production, and guide and coordinate the adjustment of the agricultural and rural economic structure. The competent departments of development and reform, finance, natural resources, water administration, and forestry and grassland of people's governments at or above the provincial level, in accordance with their respective functions and duties, take measures to implement agricultural development plans and promote the development of relevant industries.
People's governments at the level of cities divided into districts and at the county level formulate and organize the implementation of agricultural development plans in accordance with actual needs.
Article 21 The state guides and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in adjusting and optimizing the agricultural production structure and regional layout in light of local conditions, in accordance with market demand and the carrying capacity of the ecological environment, coordinating the development of crop cultivation, forestry and grassland, animal husbandry, and fishery, developing agriculture with high quality, high yield, and high efficiency, and improving the international competitiveness of agricultural products.
Crop cultivation shall adjust the crop structure, variety structure, and quality structure centering on optimizing varieties, improving quality, and increasing efficiency, and develop the production of grain and agricultural products such as cotton, oil, sugar, and vegetables, as well as forage and feed.
Strengthen the ecological construction of forestry and grassland, promote the protection and restoration of natural forests and basic grasslands and the prevention and control of desertification, strengthen the construction of shelterbelt systems, and, on the premise of ensuring ecological security, develop commercial forests and the under-forest economy, expand and strengthen the forestry and grassland industry, and increase the supply of forestry and grassland products.
In developing animal husbandry, it is necessary to strengthen the breeding and promotion of improved breeds of livestock and poultry, ensure the reasonable demand for land for livestock and poultry breeding, coordinately promote grassland protection and the development of grassland animal husbandry, promote pen-raising and house-feeding, and actively develop the forage industry, feed industry, and livestock and poultry product processing industry.
Fishery production shall protect and rationally utilize fishery resources, adjust the fishing structure, and actively develop aquaculture, distant-water fishery, and aquatic product processing industry.
People's governments at or above the county level shall formulate policies, arrange funds, and guide and support the adjustment of the agricultural structure.
Article 22 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to strengthen comprehensive agricultural development and the construction of agricultural and rural infrastructure such as farmland water conservancy, agricultural ecological environment protection, rural roads, rural energy and power grids, agricultural product storage and circulation, fishing ports, grassland fencing, bases for original and improved animal and plant varieties, agricultural disaster prevention and reduction, and agricultural and rural informatization, improve agricultural production conditions, and protect and enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity.
Article 23 The state supports the breeding, production, renewal, and promotion and use of improved animal and plant varieties, encourages the combination of variety breeding with production and operation, implements projects to upgrade the modern seed industry, promotes the cultivation of improved animal and plant varieties and the tackling of key core technologies in breeding, safeguards seed industry security, and raises the level of seed industry modernization. The State Council and provincial people's governments establish special funds to support the breeding and promotion of improved animal and plant varieties.
Article 24 People's governments at all levels and agricultural production and operation organizations shall strengthen the construction, management, and maintenance of farmland water conservancy facilities, conserve water, promote agricultural water-saving and efficiency enhancement and the development of highly efficient water-saving agriculture in light of local conditions, ensure agricultural water demand, strictly control the occupation of irrigation water sources by non-agricultural construction in accordance with law, and prohibit any unit or individual from illegally occupying or damaging farmland water conservancy facilities.
The state gives key support to water-deficient areas in promoting agricultural water-saving and efficiency enhancement and developing highly efficient water-saving agriculture.
Article 25 The state encourages and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in using advanced and applicable agricultural machinery, strengthens the safety management of agricultural machinery, and raises the level of agricultural mechanization.
The state provides support to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in purchasing and using advanced and applicable agricultural machinery.
Article 26 People's governments at all levels shall support the development of meteorological undertakings serving agriculture, strengthen the construction of a comprehensive agricultural meteorological monitoring network, and raise the level of meteorological disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning.
Article 27 The state takes measures to improve the quality of agricultural products, establishes and improves the system of quality and safety standards, inspection and testing, and supervision and management for agricultural products, guides and organizes the production and operation of agricultural products in accordance with relevant technical specifications, operating procedures, and standards, promotes the traceability management of agricultural product quality and safety, and ensures the quality and safety of agricultural products.
Article 28 The state encourages and supports the development of production of high-quality agricultural products, and supports the lawful establishment and improvement of a certification and labeling system for high-quality agricultural products. High-quality agricultural products that meet the standards prescribed by the state may apply to use the relevant labels in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations. Agricultural products that meet the requirements of the prescribed place of origin and production specifications may apply to use geographical indications in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.
Local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in light of local conditions and in accordance with law, take measures to support farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in maintaining and building an excellent environment for the place of origin of agricultural products, using agricultural inputs scientifically and rationally, implementing quality control in the production process, promoting quality improvement, actively building brands, and improving agricultural quality, efficiency, and competitiveness.
Article 29 The state implements a system for animal and plant epidemic prevention and quarantine, improves the animal and plant epidemic prevention and quarantine system, improves the monitoring and early warning network for animal and plant epidemics, strengthens the monitoring, early warning, prevention, and control of animal epidemics and plant diseases, pests, weeds, rodent damage, and other harmful organisms, establishes a rapid eradication mechanism for major animal and plant epidemics, builds animal disease-free zones, and implements projects to enhance animal and plant protection capacity.
Article 30 The production and operation of agricultural means of production that may endanger the safety of humans and animals, such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, feed and feed additives, fertilizers, seeds, agricultural machinery, and veterinary instruments, shall be subject to a filing, registration, or licensing system in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.
People's governments at all levels shall establish and improve systems for the safe use and quality monitoring of agricultural means of production. Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations shall implement the provisions on the use of agricultural means of production and may not use agricultural means of production such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, feed additives, and agricultural films that are explicitly eliminated or prohibited by the state, or other toxic and harmful substances.
Producers and sellers of agricultural means of production shall be responsible for the quality of the products they produce and sell; it is prohibited to pass off inferior products as superior ones, to pass off counterfeit products as genuine ones, or to pass off non-conforming products as conforming products; and it is prohibited to produce and sell agricultural means of production such as pesticides, veterinary drugs, feed additives, agricultural machinery, and agricultural films that are explicitly eliminated by the state.
Chapter IV Circulation and Processing of Agricultural Products
Article 31 The purchase and sale of agricultural products are regulated by the market. The state improves the market monitoring and early warning mechanism for agricultural products, implements necessary macro-control over the purchase and sale activities of grain and other important agricultural products that bear on the national economy and the people's livelihood, establishes a system of graded reserve and regulation at the central and local levels, improves the warehousing and transportation system, and ensures supply and stabilizes the market.
Article 32 The state gradually establishes a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system for agricultural products. The state provides support to rural collective economic organizations and specialized farmer cooperatives in establishing wholesale markets for agricultural products and rural trade markets for agricultural products.
The market supervision and administration departments and other relevant departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their respective functions and duties, manage wholesale markets for agricultural products in accordance with law, regulate the transaction order, and prevent local protectionism and unfair competition.
Article 33 The state encourages and supports the development of various forms of agricultural product circulation activities. It supports farmers and specialized farmer cooperatives in engaging in the purchase, wholesale, storage, transportation, retail, and intermediary activities of agricultural products in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state. It encourages supply and marketing cooperatives and other agricultural production and operation organizations engaged in the purchase and sale of agricultural products to provide market information, open up circulation channels for agricultural products, and serve the sale of agricultural products.
People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to urge relevant departments to ensure the smooth transportation of agricultural products and reduce the cost of agricultural product circulation. Relevant departments shall simplify procedures to facilitate the transportation of fresh and live agricultural products; except as otherwise provided by laws and administrative regulations, they may not detain the means of transport of fresh and live agricultural products.
Article 34 Local people's governments at or above the county level shall support the construction of facilities such as grain drying, product grading, cold-chain preservation at the place of origin of agricultural products, and cold-chain logistics, support the improvement of the county, township, and village logistics and distribution system, raise the technical level of agricultural product storage and transportation, and enhance the capacity to ensure supply.
The state takes measures to guide the integrated development of e-commerce with rural specialty industries and rural delivery logistics, and improve the rural e-commerce service network. The market supervision and administration, agriculture and rural affairs, and other departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with their functions and duties, strengthen the supervision of the sale of agricultural products and agricultural means of production through e-commerce.
Article 35 The state supports the development of the agricultural product processing industry and the food industry, promotes the optimization and upgrading of the agricultural product processing industry, and increases the added value of agricultural products. People's governments at or above the county level shall guide the agricultural product processing industry to form a rational regional layout and scale structure, and support the processing and comprehensive development and utilization of agricultural products.
The state establishes and improves quality standards for processed agricultural products, improves testing means, enhances testing capacity, strengthens quality and safety management and supervision in the process of agricultural product processing, and ensures quality and safety.
Article 36 The state encourages the development of import and export trade in agricultural products and trade in agricultural services.
The state takes measures such as strengthening international market research and providing information and marketing services to promote the export of agricultural products.
In order to maintain the order of agricultural product production and sales and fair trade, an early warning system for agricultural product imports is established. When certain imported goods have caused or may cause major adverse effects on the production of relevant domestic agricultural products, the state may take necessary measures.
Chapter V Food Security
Article 37 The state implements the national food security strategy of self-reliance first, based on domestic production, ensuring production capacity, moderate imports, and scientific and technological support, adheres to storing grain in the land and storing grain in technology, and ensures that grain is basically self-sufficient and that rations are absolutely safe.
Article 38 The state takes measures to protect and enhance the comprehensive grain production capacity, steadily raise the level of grain production, and ensure food security.
Article 39 The state gives key support to major grain-producing areas in terms of policy, funds, and technology, builds stable bases for the production of commodity grain, improves grain storage, purchase, and processing facilities, and raises the level and economic benefits of grain production, processing, storage, and transportation in major grain-producing areas.
The state improves the benefit compensation mechanism for major grain-producing areas, improves the fiscal transfer payment system for major grain-producing areas and major grain-producing counties, improves the inter-provincial horizontal benefit compensation mechanism between grain-producing and grain-consuming areas, and mobilizes the enthusiasm of local people's governments at or above the county level for developing grain production.
The state supports the establishment of stable purchase and sale cooperation relations between major grain-producing areas and major grain-consuming areas.
Article 40 The state improves the mechanism for guaranteeing the income of grain producers, improves the policy system of prices, subsidies, and insurance, improves the response mechanism for ensuring supply and stabilizing prices of agricultural means of production, and protects the enthusiasm of grain producers for growing grain.
Article 41 The state strengthens the regulation and control of the grain market.
When the market price of grain is too low, the State Council may decide to implement a price support system for key grain varieties. The support price shall be determined in accordance with the principle of being conducive to protecting the interests of farmers and stabilizing grain production.
People's governments at or above the county level shall organize relevant departments and purchasing units entrusted by the state to promptly raise sufficient funds for policy-based grain purchases. State policy-based financial institutions shall provide financial support in accordance with state regulations. No department, unit, or individual may withhold or misappropriate such funds.
Article 42 The state establishes a food security monitoring and early warning system, establishes a government grain reserve system, improves the grain emergency management system, and takes measures to ensure grain supply. The State Council shall formulate food security guarantee targets and grain reserve quantity indicators, and organize relevant competent departments to conduct verification of cultivated land and grain inventory as needed.
The state implements central government grain reserves and local government grain reserves for grain, and builds a warehousing and transportation system. Enterprises or other organizations undertaking government grain reserves shall, in accordance with laws, regulations, and the relevant provisions of the state, ensure the quantity and quality of reserve grain.
Article 43 The state establishes a grain risk fund for supporting grain reserves, stabilizing the grain market, and other purposes.
Article 44 The state advocates cherishing and saving grain, takes measures to reduce losses and waste in the links of grain production, storage, circulation, processing, and consumption, and prevents waste.
The state takes measures to promote the effective supply of various types of food, meet the people's diversified food consumption needs, and improve the people's food nutrition structure. The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs, forestry and grassland, and other competent departments of the State Council shall take measures to raise the level of development of relevant food industries.
Chapter VI Agricultural Inputs and Support and Protection
Article 45 The state promotes the accelerated formation of a pattern of agricultural and rural investment in which finance gives priority guarantee, finance gives key support, and society participates in multiple ways. The state raises the effectiveness of policies to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich farmers.
The state improves the agricultural support and protection system, adopts measures such as fiscal investment, tax incentives, and financial support, and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in developing agricultural production and raising farmers' income levels from the aspects of capital investment, scientific research and technology extension, education and training, supply of agricultural means of production, market information, quality standards, inspection and quarantine, socialized services, and disaster prevention and relief.
The State Council and its relevant departments formulate support policies for improving agricultural production conditions, protecting the agricultural ecological environment, and increasing farmers' income, and organize their implementation.
Article 46 The state gradually raises the overall level of agricultural investment, adheres to taking agriculture as a field of priority fiscal guarantee, and establishes and improves a mechanism for ensuring stable growth of agricultural investment. The annual increase in total agricultural investment by the central and local finances at or above the county level shall be higher than the increase in their regular fiscal revenue.
The funds arranged for agriculture in the fiscal budgets of people's governments at all levels shall be mainly used for: strengthening agricultural infrastructure construction; supporting the adjustment of the agricultural structure and promoting industrialized agricultural operation; protecting the comprehensive grain production capacity and ensuring national food security; improving the animal and plant epidemic prevention and quarantine system and strengthening the prevention and control of animal epidemics and plant diseases, pests, weeds, rodent damage, and other harmful organisms; supporting agricultural disaster prevention and reduction; establishing and improving the system of quality and safety standards and inspection, testing, and supervision for agricultural products, and the agricultural product market and information service system; supporting agricultural scientific research and education, agricultural technology extension, farmer training, and rural talent cultivation; promoting the green development of agriculture and strengthening the construction of agricultural ecological environment protection; and ensuring farmers' income levels.
The investment in agricultural capital construction for crop cultivation, forestry and grassland, animal husbandry, fishery, and farmland water conservancy by finances at all levels at or above the county level shall be arranged in a coordinated manner and increase in a coordinated way.
The state deeply implements the regional coordinated development strategy, major regional strategies, the main functional area strategy, and the new urbanization strategy, supports the development of underdeveloped areas, and increases investment in agricultural development and ecological environment protection.
Article 47 The funds arranged for agriculture in the annual fiscal budgets of people's governments at or above the county level shall be allocated in full and on time. People's governments at all levels shall strengthen the supervision and management of the distribution and use of various state agricultural funds, ensure the safety of funds, and improve the efficiency of fund use.
No unit or individual may withhold or misappropriate fiscal funds and credit funds used for agriculture. Audit organs shall, in accordance with law, strengthen audit supervision over fiscal and credit funds used for agriculture.
Article 48 The state uses taxation, prices, credit, awards and subsidies, and other means to encourage and guide farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to increase investment in agricultural production and operation and in capital construction such as small-scale farmland water conservancy.
The state encourages and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, on a voluntary basis and in accordance with law, to raise agricultural funds through various forms.
Article 49 The state encourages and guides social funds to be invested in agriculture, and encourages enterprises, public institutions, social organizations, and individuals to donate funds to establish funds supporting agricultural construction and agricultural science and technology, education, and other undertakings.
The state takes measures to promote the expanded use of foreign capital in agriculture.
Article 50 People's governments at all levels shall encourage and support enterprises, public institutions, and other types of economic organizations in carrying out agricultural information services.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs and other relevant departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall establish a system for the collection, sorting, analysis, and publication of agricultural information, and promptly provide market information and other services to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations.
Article 51 The state encourages and supports the development of the agricultural industry serving agriculture.
The state adopts tax, credit, and other means to encourage and support the production and trade of agricultural means of production, providing material guarantees for the stable development of agricultural production.
The state, through macro-control measures taken in accordance with law over major agricultural means of production such as fertilizers, pesticides, agricultural diesel, agricultural electricity, and agricultural water, ensures the production efficiency of major agricultural products.
Article 52 People's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments shall take measures to support the cause of socialized agricultural services.
For those engaged in cross-regional socialized agricultural services, the relevant departments such as agriculture and rural affairs, market supervision and administration, transportation, and public security shall take measures to provide support.
Article 53 The state establishes and improves a multi-level, wide-coverage, and sustainable rural financial system, promotes the facilitation of financial services, strengthens the construction of the rural credit system and rural financial supervision, and raises the level of rural financial services.
Relevant financial institutions shall take measures to increase credit investment, improve rural financial services, and provide credit support for agricultural production and operation activities.
Rural commercial banks, rural credit cooperatives, and other rural small and medium-sized financial institutions shall adhere to the purpose of serving agriculture, farmers, and rural development, and give priority to providing credit services for the production and operation activities of local farmers.
The state, through measures such as interest subsidies, encourages financial institutions to provide loans to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations for their agricultural production and operation activities, and reduces financing costs.
The state establishes and improves the agricultural credit guarantee system. Agricultural credit guarantee institutions established with fiscal funds shall mainly serve business entities engaged in agricultural production and operations directly related to agricultural production.
Article 54 The state improves the agricultural insurance system, develops multi-level agricultural insurance, enriches insurance products, raises the level of protection and service quality, and gives play to its role in stabilizing agricultural production, reducing disaster losses, and guaranteeing income.
The state improves the policy-based agricultural insurance system and improves the fiscal-supported mechanism for spreading major disaster risks of agricultural insurance. The financial departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall implement agricultural insurance premium subsidies in accordance with state regulations. The relevant departments of the State Council shall, in accordance with law, strengthen the review of the fairness and reasonableness of agricultural insurance terms and premium rates, improve the effectiveness of the use of fiscal subsidy funds, and strengthen the supervision of agricultural insurance.
The state encourages and supports commercial insurance companies and mutual assistance cooperative insurance organizations in lawfully carrying out agricultural insurance business.
Agricultural insurance implements the principles of government guidance, market operation, voluntary participation, and coordinated promotion. No unit or individual may force farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to participate in agricultural insurance.
Article 55 The state encourages qualified financial institutions and agriculture-related enterprises to issue bonds for use in agriculture. Government bonds issued in accordance with state regulations shall increase support for the development of modern agriculture.
The state improves the mechanism for the multi-level capital market to support agriculture, guides the stable and healthy development of the agricultural product futures market, and gives play to the functions of the futures market in price discovery, risk management, and resource allocation.
Article 56 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to raise the ability of agriculture to defend against natural disasters, do a good job in disaster prevention, reduction, and relief, help disaster-affected persons resume production, organize production self-rescue, and carry out social mutual assistance; and provide assistance and support to disaster-affected persons without basic living guarantees.
Chapter VII Agricultural Science and Technology, Education, and Talent
Article 57 The State Council and provincial people's governments shall, through measures such as formulating and implementing relevant plans, promote the development of agricultural science and technology, education, and talent.
People's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, gradually increase agricultural science and technology funds and agricultural education funds.
The state encourages and attracts enterprises and other social forces to increase investment in agricultural science and technology, and encourages farmers, agricultural production and operation organizations, enterprises, public institutions, and others to lawfully run agricultural science and technology and education undertakings.
Article 58 The state takes measures to strengthen agricultural scientific and technological innovation, build national strategic strength in agricultural science and technology, give play to the principal role of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, strengthen original innovation in agriculture and the tackling of key core technologies, raise agricultural labor productivity and the contribution rate of scientific and technological progress, and accelerate the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-strengthening in agricultural science and technology.
The competent department of agriculture and rural affairs of the State Council and provincial people's governments shall coordinate and integrate agricultural scientific and technological innovation resources, and strengthen the capacity building of innovation platforms and innovation entities.
Article 59 The state protects intellectual property rights such as new plant varieties and geographical indications, encourages, supports, and guides institutions of higher learning, scientific research institutions, and enterprises to strengthen basic research and applied research in agricultural science and technology, disseminate and popularize agricultural science and technology knowledge, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and their industrialization, and promote progress in agricultural science and technology.
The state encourages the research and development, promotion, and application of new agricultural varieties, new technologies, new equipment, and new products, builds a modern agricultural industrial technology system, and meets the needs of raising the level of agricultural modernization.
The state supports the development of smart agriculture and encourages the integration of new technologies such as the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence with agricultural production, operation, and management.
The state takes measures to promote international agricultural science and technology and education exchanges and cooperation, and encourages and supports the introduction of advanced foreign technology.
Article 60 The state supports the cause of agricultural technology extension, establishes an agricultural technology extension system combining government support with market guidance, paid services with free services, and state agricultural technology extension institutions with social forces, and promotes the prompt promotion and application of advanced agricultural technology and equipment.
Article 61 State agricultural technology extension institutions shall, relying on agricultural technology experiment and demonstration bases, undertake public welfare responsibilities such as the extension and demonstration of key technologies needed by the public, and provide free agricultural technology services to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations.
People's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the needs of agricultural production development, stabilize and strengthen the agricultural technology extension team and guarantee the working funds of agricultural technology extension institutions.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to guarantee and improve the working conditions, wages and treatment, and living conditions of professional scientific and technological personnel engaged in agricultural technology extension work in accordance with state regulations, and encourage them to serve agriculture.
Article 62 Scientific research institutions, relevant schools, specialized farmer cooperatives, agriculture-related enterprises, mass scientific and technological organizations, and relevant scientific and technological personnel may, in accordance with the needs of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, provide free services, and may also provide paid services and obtain lawful income through forms such as technology transfer, technology services, technology contracting, technology consulting, technology licensing, and technology as shares. Scientific research institutions, relevant schools, specialized farmer cooperatives, agriculture-related enterprises, mass scientific and technological organizations, and relevant scientific and technological personnel shall raise the level of service and ensure the quality of service.
The state provides preferential treatment in taxation, credit, and other aspects to enterprises run by scientific research institutions, relevant schools, and agricultural technology extension institutions to serve agriculture.
The state encourages and supports farmers, specialized farmer cooperatives, supply and marketing cooperatives, relevant associations, and other enterprises and public institutions in participating in agricultural technology extension work.
Article 63 The state establishes a continuing education system for agricultural professional and technical personnel. The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the county level shall, together with relevant departments such as education and human resources and social security, formulate continuing education plans for agricultural professional and technical personnel and organize their implementation.
Article 64 The state implements compulsory education in rural areas in accordance with law, establishes and improves a unified urban-rural compulsory education funding guarantee mechanism, and guarantees compulsory education funds. The salaries of teaching and administrative staff of ordinary primary and secondary schools run by the state in rural areas shall be uniformly paid by county people's governments in accordance with state regulations, and the funds for the construction and maintenance of teaching facilities such as school buildings shall be uniformly arranged by county people's governments in accordance with state regulations.
Article 65 The state develops higher agricultural education and vocational education, strengthens the construction of agriculture-related disciplines and specialties, and supports the cultivation of urgently needed and scarce professional talent in agriculture.
The relevant departments of the State Council shall, in accordance with the unified provisions of the national vocational qualification and vocational skill level system, formulate the occupational classification and occupational standards of the agricultural industry, and manage the vocational qualification certificates and vocational skill level certificates of the agricultural industry.
Article 66 The state organizes and carries out training in practical agricultural technology and skills and other employment training, cultivates local rural talent, takes measures to encourage farmers to adopt advanced agricultural technology, supports farmers in running various types of scientific and technological organizations, gives play to the role of agricultural radio and television schools, and raises farmers' cultural and technological quality and production and operation skills.
Chapter VIII Protection of Land and Other Agricultural Resources
Article 67 The development of agriculture and the rural economy must rationally utilize and protect natural resources such as land, water, forests, grasslands, and wild animals and plants, rationally develop and utilize renewable and clean energy such as hydropower, wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, and ocean energy, develop ecological agriculture, and protect and improve the ecological environment.
The state carries out surveys of agricultural resources in a planned manner. People's governments at or above the county level shall formulate agricultural resource zoning or zoning for the rational utilization and protection of agricultural resources, and establish an agricultural resource monitoring system.
Article 68 The state implements the strictest cultivated land protection system, implements special protection of permanently basic farmland in accordance with law, and ensures that the total amount of cultivated land and permanently basic farmland determined by territorial spatial planning does not decrease, quality improves, and ecological functions remain stable.
The state establishes and implements a compensation system for cultivated land protection and quality improvement.
The state strictly controls the conversion of cultivated land into non-cultivated land. Where cultivated land truly needs to be occupied, the responsibility for replenishing cultivated land shall be implemented in accordance with law. Local people's governments at or above the county level may, in accordance with law, require the stripping and rational utilization of the topsoil of cultivated land occupied by non-agricultural construction.
People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to strengthen soil improvement, fertility cultivation, and treatment and restoration, organize the treatment of degraded cultivated land, improve farmland infrastructure, protect and enhance the quality of cultivated land, and conduct investigation, monitoring, and evaluation of cultivated land quality.
People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to strengthen the construction of high-standard farmland, clarify the construction content and construction standards, and improve the mechanisms for project establishment, construction, acceptance, and management and maintenance.
Article 69 The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to support farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in strengthening the construction of cultivated land quality and participating in the construction and management and maintenance of high-standard farmland.
Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations shall maintain cultivated land, use chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and agricultural films scientifically and rationally, increase the use of organic fertilizers, adopt advanced technology, protect and enhance soil fertility, and prevent the pollution, destruction, and fertility decline of agricultural land. The state encourages the use of agricultural films that are degradable and harmless in the ecological environment.
The state strengthens the protection of black soil, adheres to the combination of use and nourishment, and promotes the sustainable use of black soil.
Article 70 The state adheres to the integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and sand, implements major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems, and strengthens the protection and restoration of ecology.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to strengthen comprehensive management of small watersheds and prevent and control soil erosion. Units and individuals engaged in production and construction activities that may cause soil erosion must take preventive measures and be responsible for controlling the soil erosion caused by their production and construction activities.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to prevent land desertification and control desertified land.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to carry out the treatment and comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land in light of local conditions.
Article 71 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to organize the masses to afforest, protect forest land and trees, prevent forest fires, prevent and control forest pests, stop indiscriminate and illegal logging, and raise the forest coverage rate and forest stock volume. The state implements a system of compulsory tree planting by the whole people.
The state implements a comprehensive protection system for natural forests, strictly restricts the logging of natural forests, and protects and restores natural forests.
Article 72 Relevant local people's governments shall strengthen the protection, construction, and management of grasslands, promote the development of grassland animal husbandry, guide and organize farmers (herdsmen) and agricultural (animal husbandry) production and operation organizations in building artificial grasslands, forage and feed bases, and improving natural grasslands, implement the determination of livestock numbers by grass yield and the balance between grass and livestock, reasonably control livestock carrying capacity, implement the systems of rest grazing and grazing prohibition, promote rotational grazing by zones, protect grassland vegetation, strengthen the prevention and control of grassland fires and pests and diseases, and prevent grassland degradation, desertification, salinization, rocky desertification, and soil erosion.
Article 73 It is prohibited to reclaim land by destroying forests and grasslands, to reclaim land by burning mountains, and to reclaim steep slopes that the state prohibits from reclamation. It is prohibited to reclaim farmland by draining lakes and to reclaim (enclose) natural wetlands.
Farmers who implement returning farmland in areas within the scope approved by the State Council shall be subsidized in accordance with state regulations.
Article 74 People's governments at all levels shall take measures to implement the systems of fishing licenses, fishing quotas, and fishing moratoriums and closed fishing seasons in accordance with law, increase fishery resources, and protect the ecological environment of fishing waters.
The state guides and supports farmers (fishermen) and agricultural (fishery) production and operation organizations engaged in the fishing industry to engage in aquaculture or other occupations, and farmers (fishermen) who change their production and employment in accordance with the unified planning of local people's governments shall be subsidized or provided with resettlement guarantees in accordance with state regulations.
Article 75 The state establishes a protection system for biological species resources related to agricultural production, protects biodiversity, and implements key protection of rare, endangered, and precious biological resources and their original habitats. The state strengthens the survey, collection, protection, development, and utilization of germplasm resources, and builds a national germplasm resource bank.
The introduction of biological species resources from abroad shall be subject to approval or registration in accordance with law, and corresponding safety control measures shall be taken.
People's governments at or above the county level and their relevant departments shall take measures to strengthen the prevention and control of invasive alien species.
The research, experimentation, introduction, production, processing, operation, and other applications of agricultural genetically modified organisms must strictly implement various safety control measures in accordance with state regulations.
Chapter IX Green Development of Agriculture
Article 76 The state promotes the comprehensive green transformation of agricultural development, encourages and supports farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in adopting intensive and economical planting and breeding technologies, and strengthens the prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at all levels shall guide farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations in adopting physical and biological measures or using highly effective, low-toxicity, and low-residue pesticides and veterinary drugs, and scientifically preventing and controlling animal and plant diseases, pests, weeds, rodent damage, and other harmful organisms. Units and individuals engaged in livestock, poultry, and aquaculture shall feed feed, bait, and fertilizer rationally, use drugs correctly, and prevent environmental pollution and ecological damage.
The state strengthens the research, development, and application of technologies and products such as biological control of pests and diseases, microbial fertilizers, and biological pesticides, and promotes the production of green and high-quality agricultural products.
Article 77 The state gives priority to the development of ecological circular agriculture, promotes the recycling, harmless treatment, and comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste, and encourages the development of planting-breeding circular agriculture.
Straw and other residual materials after the harvest of agricultural products shall be comprehensively utilized and properly disposed of to prevent environmental pollution and ecological damage. Local people's governments at all levels shall strengthen the organization, guidance, and management of straw burning scientifically and precisely.
Article 78 People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to urge relevant units to carry out treatment and prevent the pollution of the agricultural ecological environment by waste water, waste gas, solid waste, or other toxic and harmful substances. Where the discharge or dumping of waste water, waste gas, solid waste, or other toxic and harmful substances causes pollution accidents in the agricultural ecological environment, the competent department of ecological environment or the competent department of agriculture and rural affairs shall investigate and handle the matter in accordance with law; where losses are caused to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, the responsible persons concerned shall compensate in accordance with law.
Article 79 The state encourages and supports the protection of agricultural resources and the development of ecological agriculture, implements ecological protection compensation in accordance with law, and gradually improves the mechanism for realizing the value of agricultural ecological products.
Article 80 The state takes measures to actively respond to the impact of climate change on agriculture.
Chapter X Protection of Farmers' Rights and Interests
Article 81 Any organ or unit that collects administrative or institutional fees from farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations must do so in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations. The basis, items, scope, and standards of fees shall be published. Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations have the right to refuse fees without a basis in laws and regulations.
Any organ or unit that imposes fines or penalties on farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations must do so in accordance with the provisions of laws, regulations, and rules. Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations have the right to refuse fines without a basis in laws, regulations, and rules.
No organ or unit may make apportionments on farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations in any way. Except as otherwise provided by laws and regulations, any requirement by any organ or unit in any way that farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations provide manpower, financial resources, or material resources constitutes an apportionment. Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations have the right to refuse apportionments in any form.
Article 82 Farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations bear tax obligations in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations and enjoy tax reductions and exemptions provided by laws and administrative regulations.
Article 83 People's governments at all levels and their relevant departments and subordinate units may not raise funds from farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations in any way.
People's governments at all levels shall establish and improve a long-term mechanism for rectifying formalism and reducing burdens on the grassroots, strictly control inspections, inspections, and assessments carried out at the grassroots level, and streamline and optimize agriculture-related assessments. Without a basis in laws and regulations or without the approval of the State Council, no organ or unit may carry out any form of standard-reaching, upgrading, or acceptance activities in rural areas.
Article 84 Except for fees charged in accordance with state regulations, no other fees may be charged to farmers and students for rural compulsory education. It is prohibited for any organ or unit to charge fees from farmers through rural primary and secondary schools.
The state takes measures to ensure the food safety of rural primary and secondary schools and improve the nutritional and health status of students.
Article 85 Where the state expropriates land collectively owned by farmers in accordance with law for the needs of the public interest, it shall protect the lawful rights and interests of farmers and rural collective economic organizations, provide land expropriation compensation in accordance with law, and arrange social security expenses. No unit or individual may withhold or misappropriate such compensation and expenses. Where the houses of rural villagers are expropriated, their right to housing and lawful housing property rights and interests shall be guaranteed in accordance with law.
The state guarantees the lawful land rights and interests of farmers who settle in cities and towns, and lawfully maintains the right to land contractual management, the right to use homestead land, and the right to collective income distribution of farmers who settle in cities and towns.
Article 86 People's governments at all levels, rural collective economic organizations, or villagers' committees shall, in the process of agricultural and rural economic structural adjustment, industrialized agricultural operation, and transfer of land management rights, fully respect the will of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, may not infringe upon the right to land contractual management and land management rights, may not interfere with the production and operation projects independently and lawfully arranged by farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, may not forcibly destroy crop seedlings or fruit trees in full bearing, and may not force farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to purchase designated means of production or sell agricultural products through designated channels.
Article 87 Where rural collective economic organizations or villagers' committees need to raise funds or labor from their members (villagers) for developing production or running public welfare undertakings, they may do so only after the matter has been adopted by the members' (villagers') meeting or the members' (villagers') representative meeting in accordance with law.
Where rural collective economic organizations or villagers' committees raise funds or labor in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph, they may not exceed the upper limit control standards prescribed by the State Council and provincial people's governments, and it is prohibited to forcibly substitute payment for labor.
Rural collective economic organizations and villagers' committees shall disclose important matters involving the interests of members (villagers) to the members (villagers), regularly publish financial accounts, and accept the supervision of members (villagers).
Article 88 Any unit or individual that provides paid services such as production, technology, information, culture, and insurance to farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations must adhere to the principle of voluntariness and may not force farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations to accept services.
Article 89 When purchasing agricultural products, agricultural product purchasing units may not depress grades or prices, and may not deduct any fees from the price paid.
Where a dispute arises between an agricultural product purchasing unit and an agricultural product seller over the quality grade of agricultural products, a legally qualified agricultural product quality inspection institution may be entrusted to conduct inspection.
Article 90 Where users of agricultural means of production suffer losses due to quality problems of the means of production, the operator who sold the means of production shall compensate, and the amount of compensation shall include the purchase price, relevant expenses, and losses of expected benefits.
Article 91 Farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations have the right to report situations to and raise lawful requests with people's governments at all levels and their relevant departments in order to safeguard their own lawful rights and interests. People's governments and their relevant departments shall promptly give replies to reasonable requests raised by farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations in accordance with state regulations.
Article 92 Where the rights and interests of farmers are infringed upon in violation of legal provisions, farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations may apply for administrative reconsideration or file a lawsuit with a people's court in accordance with law, and the relevant administrative reconsideration organ or people's court shall accept the case in accordance with law.
Where the lawful rights and interests of farmers are infringed upon and they meet the conditions for legal aid, they may apply for legal aid in accordance with law.
Article 93 The state strengthens rural governance, promotes the building of safe villages, builds a harmonious and orderly rural society, and continuously enhances farmers' sense of gain, happiness, and security.
Chapter XI Rural Economic Development
Article 94 The state adheres to integrated urban-rural development, raises the level of integration of urban and rural planning, construction, and governance, promotes the equal exchange and two-way flow of urban and rural factors, promotes the balanced allocation of public resources, and promotes the common prosperity of urban and rural areas.
The state supports the development of new business forms such as ecotourism, folk culture, and leisure agriculture relying on the characteristic resources of agriculture and rural areas, promotes the deep integration of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, adjusts and optimizes the rural economic structure, expands industries that enrich the people in counties, increases farmers' income, promotes the comprehensive development of the rural economy, and gradually narrows the gap between urban and rural areas.
Article 95 Territorial spatial planning shall comprehensively consider the needs of urban and rural production, living, and ecological land use, and reasonably arrange various types of land use such as rural industry, housing, public services, and infrastructure. Construction land indicators shall guarantee the reasonable needs of rural development.
People's governments at or above the county level shall optimize the layout of urban and rural industrial development and coordinate the planning, construction, management, and maintenance of urban and rural public infrastructure.
Article 96 The state promotes the development of the rural market economy and guarantees the equal legal status and development rights of all types of business entities.
Rural economic development shall adhere to the principal position of farmers and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of farmers.
People's governments at all levels shall take measures to develop rural enterprises, support the development of agriculture, and absorb rural labor force employment. The state improves support measures for the development of rural enterprises, and guides rural enterprises to optimize their structure, update technology, and improve competitiveness.
The state improves the rural collective property rights system, develops the new-type rural collective economy, and guarantees members' right to collective income distribution.
The state guides, regulates, and protects social capital in lawfully participating in rural development, supports farmers, college students, retired military personnel, and other returning and incoming rural personnel in starting businesses and finding employment in rural areas, and encourages specialized farmer cooperatives, supply and marketing cooperatives, and agricultural enterprises to establish close interest linkage mechanisms with farmers.
Article 97 Local people's governments at or above the county level shall, in accordance with the local economic development level, locational advantages, and resource conditions, and in accordance with the principles of rational layout, scientific planning, and land conservation, promote the construction of small towns in rural areas with priorities.
Local people's governments at all levels shall pay attention to using market mechanisms, improve corresponding policies, attract farmers and social funds to invest in the development and construction of small towns, develop secondary and tertiary industries, and guide rural enterprises to develop in a relatively concentrated manner.
Article 98 The state coordinates the urban and rural employment policy system, takes measures to promote the formation of a human resources market that is fair in competition, standardized and orderly, and unified between urban and rural areas, improves the public employment and entrepreneurship service system that is equal between urban and rural areas, and guides the rational and orderly flow of labor between urban and rural areas and regions. Local people's governments at all levels shall lawfully protect the lawful rights and interests of rural workers who enter cities and towns for employment, and may not set unreasonable restrictions; those already set shall be abolished.
People's governments at all levels and their relevant departments shall take measures to fully implement equal employment and equal pay for equal work for urban and rural workers, and lawfully guarantee the labor and social security rights and interests such as wages of migrant workers entering cities for work.
Article 99 The state improves the social insurance system and lawfully guarantees the lawful rights and interests of farmers in participating in social insurance and enjoying social insurance benefits.
The state improves a hierarchical and classified social assistance system, improves the systems of minimum living security, support for persons in extreme difficulty, and temporary assistance, guarantees the basic livelihood of assistance recipients such as rural minimum living security recipients and persons in extreme difficulty, and provides special assistance in medical care, housing, education, and employment in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.
Article 100 The state supports underdeveloped areas in improving economic development conditions, helps them carry out economic development, coordinates the establishment of a normalized mechanism for preventing relapse into poverty and new poverty, and continuously consolidates and expands the achievements of poverty alleviation.
People's governments at all levels shall adhere to the policy of development-oriented assistance, enhance the endogenous development momentum of underdeveloped areas, guide and organize the rational use of assistance funds, rely on their own strength to change their backward appearance, promote the growth and expansion of industries, raise the skills and quality of rural workers, enhance employability and mobilize enthusiasm for participating in development, and guide the adjustment of the economic structure and the development of local resources. The development of underdeveloped areas shall adhere to the combination with resource protection and ecological construction, and promote the coordinated development and comprehensive progress of the economy, society, and ecology.
Article 101 The State Council and provincial people's governments shall include normalized assistance investment in the annual fiscal budget, increase fiscal transfer payments and construction fund investment to underdeveloped areas, and improve the performance of fund use.
The state encourages and supports financial institutions, other enterprises and public institutions, social organizations, and individuals in investing funds to support the development and construction of underdeveloped areas.
It is prohibited for any unit or individual to withhold or misappropriate assistance funds. Audit organs shall strengthen audit supervision over assistance funds.
Chapter XII Supervision and Inspection
Article 102 People's governments at or above the county level shall take measures to gradually improve the agricultural and rural administrative management system that meets the requirements of the development of the socialist market economy.
The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs and relevant departments of people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen their functions and duties of planning, guidance, management, coordination, supervision, and service, administer according to law, and enforce the law impartially.
Local people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen comprehensive agricultural law enforcement, stabilize the law enforcement team, guarantee law enforcement conditions, raise the quality of law enforcement personnel and law enforcement capacity, improve law enforcement efficiency and level, strengthen law enforcement supervision, and promote strict, standardized, fair, and civilized law enforcement.
Article 103 When performing the duties of law enforcement supervision and inspection, the competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the county level have the right to take the following measures:
(1) Requiring the inspected unit or individual to explain the situation and provide relevant documents and materials;
(2) Entering agricultural production and operation premises to conduct on-site inspections;
(3) Lawfully investigating suspected illegal acts, ordering the violator to cease the illegal act and perform legal obligations;
(4) Sealing up and detaining premises, facilities, or property suspected of being used in illegal agricultural means of production production and operation activities.
When performing the duties of supervision and inspection, agricultural administrative law enforcement personnel shall show their administrative law enforcement certificates to the inspected unit or individual and comply with law enforcement procedures. The relevant unit or individual shall cooperate with agricultural administrative law enforcement personnel in lawfully performing their duties and may not refuse or obstruct them.
Article 104 The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs and agricultural production and operation units must be completely separated in institutions, personnel, and finance. The competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs and their staff may not participate in or engage in agricultural production and operation activities.
Chapter XIII Legal Liability
Article 105 Where, in violation of the provisions of this Law, the property rights such as the right to land contractual management and land management rights or other lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations are infringed upon, the infringement shall be stopped and the original state restored; where losses or damage are caused, compensation liability shall be borne in accordance with law.
Where state functionaries, taking advantage of their positions or under other pretexts, infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, they shall compensate for losses and be given sanctions in accordance with law.
Article 106 Violations of the relevant provisions of Articles 24, 30, 73, 75, and 85 of this Law shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and administrative regulations.
Article 107 Where any of the following acts is committed, the competent organ at the higher level shall order the return of the withheld or misappropriated funds within a time limit, confiscate the illegal gains, and give sanctions to the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible persons in accordance with law:
(1) Withholding or misappropriating grain purchase funds in violation of the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 41 of this Law;
(2) Withholding or misappropriating fiscal funds and credit funds used for agriculture in violation of the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 47 of this Law;
(3) Withholding or misappropriating assistance funds in violation of the provisions of paragraph 3 of Article 101 of this Law.
Article 108 Where, in violation of the provisions of Article 81 of this Law, fees, fines, or apportionments are illegally collected from farmers or agricultural production and operation organizations, the competent organ at the higher level shall stop the act and make a public announcement; where money has already been collected or manpower or material resources have already been used, the competent organ at the higher level shall order the return of the money already collected within a time limit or the reimbursement at a converted price of the manpower and material resources already used, and give sanctions to the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible persons in accordance with law.
Article 109 Where any of the following acts is committed, the competent organ at the higher level shall order the cessation of the illegal act, give sanctions to the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible persons in accordance with law, and order the return of the illegally collected funds or fees:
(1) Illegally carrying out fund-raising, standard-reaching, upgrading, or acceptance activities in rural areas in violation of the provisions of Article 83 of this Law;
(2) Charging farmers excessive fees or fees beyond the prescribed items through rural primary and secondary schools in violation of the provisions of Article 84 of this Law.
Article 110 Where, in violation of the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article 87 of this Law, farmers are forced to substitute payment for labor, the township people's government shall order correction and return the illegally collected funds.
Article 111 Where, in violation of the provisions of Article 88 of this Law, farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations are forced to accept paid services, the relevant people's government shall order correction and return the illegally collected fees; where the circumstances are serious, sanctions shall be given to the directly responsible supervisors and other directly responsible persons in accordance with law; where losses are caused to farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations, compensation liability shall be borne in accordance with law.
Article 112 Where staff members of the competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs of people's governments at or above the county level participate in and engage in agricultural production and operation activities in violation of the provisions of this Law, sanctions shall be given in accordance with law.
Article 113 Where, in violation of the provisions of this Law, the lawful rights and interests of farmers and agricultural production and operation organizations are infringed upon and a crime is constituted, criminal liability shall be pursued in accordance with law.
Chapter XIV Supplementary Provisions
Article 114 Workers of state-owned farms, forest farms, pasture farms, fishery farms, and other enterprises and public institutions who implement contracted operation shall apply the relevant provisions of this Law concerning farmers by reference.
Article 115 This Law shall come into force on January 1, 2027.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 28)
Finance is the pulse; the mission is as solid as a rock. The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Hunan Branch (hereinafter "ICBC Hunan Branch") firmly grasps the fundamental purpose of finance serving the real economy, unswervingly implements the strategy of building a manufacturing powerhouse, supports Hunan Province's construction of the "Three Highlands" (三个高地) with finance, and contributes financial strength to the province's high-quality economic and social development through solid work and responsible action.
Upholding the "hard spine" of the modern industrial system
ICBC Hunan Branch regards serving Hunan Province's construction of the "national important advanced manufacturing highland" as an important strategic support point, focuses on cultivating advanced manufacturing clusters, makes forward-looking arrangements for comprehensive service plans, sets up a special work team for manufacturing and specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative (专精特新) "little giant" enterprises, and promotes mechanisms for making key industrial chains bigger and stronger. As of the end of June this year, manufacturing loans and trade financing increased by RMB 13.912 billion and RMB 12.273 billion year-on-year respectively, with growth rates 7.66 percentage points and 22.8 percentage points higher than the average growth rate of all loans, effectively consolidating the financial foundation for Hunan as a strong manufacturing province.
Activating the "strong engine" of new quality productive forces (新质生产力)
ICBC Hunan Branch, focusing on Hunan Province's construction of the "scientific and technological innovation highland with core competitiveness," leverages the first-mover advantage in landing Hunan Province's first AIC (financial asset investment company) venture capital fund, and deepens the integrated collaborative empowerment system of "sci-tech finance center + expert database + AIC." As of the end of June this year, sci-tech loans increased by RMB 11.506 billion, an increase of 11.27%, and the number of sci-tech enterprises with loan accounts exceeded 10,000. It has increased financial services for the computing power industry, actively connected with the National Supercomputing Center in Changsha, Changsha Artificial Intelligence Innovation Center, and other institutions, and provided diversified support such as financial leasing and project loans for the construction of computing power infrastructure, making "finance + digital" an accelerator for the leap of new quality productive forces.
Smoothing the "main artery" of high-level opening-up to the outside world
ICBC Hunan Branch actively participates in Hunan Province's construction of the "highland of reform and opening-up in the inland region," actively serves the construction of a new development pattern, relies on the China-Africa Cross-border RMB Center, deeply carries out the work of improving the "two statements and two rates" (两表两率) of international business, and has officially implemented the high-level opening-up pilot for cross-border trade, providing comprehensive and customized cross-border financial services for Hunan enterprises "going global" and foreign investment "being brought in." As of the end of June this year, international settlement volume, cross-border RMB business volume, and international trade financing balance increased by USD 3.2 billion, RMB 3.7 billion, and RMB 1.85 billion year-on-year, respectively.
During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, ICBC Hunan Branch will closely follow and support the implementation of Hunan Province's "Three Highlands and Four New" (三高四新) development strategy, continue to do well in the "five major articles" (五篇大文章) of finance, deeply cultivate the construction of the "six networks" (六张网) — the water network, new-type power grid, computing power network, new-generation communication network, urban underground pipeline network, and logistics network — and provide strong financial momentum for striving to write a new chapter of Chinese-style modernization (中国式现代化) in Hunan.
Data source: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Hunan Branch
Return to TopIn 2026, New China Life Insurance Co., Ltd. ("New China Life") ushers in its 30th anniversary.
Over the past 30 years of braving wind and rain and striving with determination, New China Life has grown from a startup with registered capital of 3.12 billion yuan into the first insurance company in China to conduct simultaneous public offerings on the "A+H" share markets, and from a financial institution serving the capital city into a Fortune Global 500 financial enterprise with total assets approaching 1.9 trillion yuan and institutional networks covering the whole country. Throughout this journey, it has steadfastly upheld its mission of serving economic and social development and safeguarding people's livelihoods.
Adhering to Party Building Leadership, Achieving High-Quality Development
Thirty years ago, the first batch of joint-stock insurance companies was approved for establishment, and New China Life came into being, becoming one of the first life insurance companies established in China after the promulgation of the Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China.
The name New China Life carries expectations: "New" signifies a new chapter of the times and a new landscape of development; "China" signifies the mountains and rivers of the Chinese nation and the myriad households of China. Since its founding, New China Life has responded to the demands of the times, taking "serving the country through finance, ensuring the people through insurance" as its mission, always basing itself on customer needs, safeguarding people's well-being, and contributing to the building of Chinese-style modernization.
Over the past 30 years, alongside the magnificent course of economic and social development, New China Life has seized opportunities for industry development, focused on life insurance, and shouldered responsibility with courage, continuously enhancing its capacity to serve society and people's livelihoods. In 2011, New China Life was listed on the Shanghai and Hong Kong stock exchanges, taking improved capital strength and governance structure as a new starting point and leveraging the capital market to achieve rapid development. In 2019, with the organizational relationship of the company's Party organization placed under the Party Committee of China Investment Corporation, New China Life opened a new chapter of serving people's livelihoods and giving back to society as a state-controlled financial insurance enterprise.
In recent years, New China Life has continuously raised its political standing and adhered to leading high-quality development with high-quality Party building. As of the end of 2025, the company's system had 578 Party organizations and 7,795 registered Party members, fully leveraging the role of grassroots Party organizations as fighting fortresses and Party members as vanguards and models, driving the enterprise to achieve sound performance. In 2025, New China Life achieved original insurance premium income of over 195.8 billion yuan, total assets of nearly 1.9 trillion yuan, an annualized total investment return rate of 6.6%, and net profit attributable to shareholders of the parent company of 36.28 billion yuan, with stronger development momentum and more prominent competitive advantages.
New China Life proactively integrates its own operations into the broader development landscape, achieving a historic transformation from small to large and from weak to strong while continuously enhancing its capacity to serve economic and social development. Relying on the trust and support of over 30 million customers and the advantages of focusing on life insurance, New China Life continues to usher in new highlight moments on its path of pursuing dreams: premium income has grown from 260 million yuan in 1996 to nearly 200 billion yuan today; asset scale has leapt from 770 million yuan in 1996 to nearly 1.9 trillion yuan; net profit successively crossed the 20 billion yuan and 30 billion yuan thresholds in 2024 and 2025; cumulative claims paid have exceeded 144 billion yuan, serving over 37.1 million claim settlements; cumulative dividends since listing have exceeded 40 billion yuan; its ranking on the Fortune and Forbes Global 500 lists has been continuously refreshed, firmly placing it in the first tier of China's life insurance industry.
Harnessing the Power of Insurance, Serving the Economy and People's Livelihoods
Satisfying the people's aspirations for a better life is New China Life's goal. Over the past 30 years, New China Life's service focus has changed with the times and advanced with the times: from helping customers process policies and claims, to providing "insurance + elderly care + medical care" one-stop solutions, to supporting the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas and excelling in the "five major articles" of finance — the vision of "safeguarding the people's better life" has never changed.
This vision is embedded in the long-termism of "protecting for the long term," reflected in the service boundary of "protecting health," and shines in the ecological offerings of "protecting a better life."
In the field of comprehensive rural revitalization, in 2025, New China Life provided "Pillar of the Family" insurance for 20,000 primary family breadwinners in Shibing County, Guizhou Province, and "Refueling Mulan" insurance for 17,000 women who have emerged from poverty, using its core insurance business advantages to add multiple layers of risk protection for rural families and blazing a distinctive path of insurance empowering comprehensive rural revitalization. Similar assistance practices have flourished across the country. In the first half of 2026, the company's total procurement and assisted sales of agricultural products from areas that have emerged from poverty exceeded 20 million yuan, and third-party assistance resources introduced exceeded 2.8 million yuan, building a "One New China Life" assistance force.
In serving people's livelihoods, New China Life launched the "Zun An Rui Yue Kang" service brand, continuously enriching rights and benefits across ten major areas: "medical care, health, elderly care, wealth, taxation, law, business, education, recreation, and culture." In 2025, the company's first mid-asset health and wellness resort community, the "Yada · Panasonic Community," was established in Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, relying on the beautiful landscapes of Yangxian Xishan and high-quality supporting wellness services to provide a new model for the healthy elderly care industry. To date, the company has deployed 61 high-quality wellness communities in 42 domestic cities and 83 high-quality resort projects in 67 cities both domestically and internationally, providing customers with a rich variety of resort-based elderly care options. The "Excellent Medical" service system network covers over 400 medical institutions both domestically and internationally, providing customers with full-cycle health management services covering disease prevention, medical assistance, and more.
In the utilization of insurance funds, New China Life plays the dual role of "insurance protection + long-term capital," transforming financial momentum into a solid force for serving the core insurance business, stabilizing financial markets, and supporting the real economy. The company, together with relevant institutions, established and invested in three phases of the Honghu pilot funds, innovating the model for long-term investment of insurance funds. In 2025, its subsidiary New China Asset Management participated as the sole insurance capital provider in Cambricon's private placement, empowering hard-tech enterprise development with financial insurance strength. From one locale to the whole, New China Life actively participates in projects such as the National Venture Capital Guidance Fund and the CASSTAR hard-tech fund, and the "two-way empowerment" between insurance capital and the real economy continues to bear fruit. As of June 30, 2026, the company's investment balance serving the real economy exceeded 1.4 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of over 15%. The investment balance serving the "five major articles" of finance exceeded 500 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of over 40%.
Through years of storms, the mission remains on our shoulders. New China Life persists in delivering claims responses in times of crisis, continuously launching diversified innovative products such as the "airborne counter," wellness communities, and resort projects. New China Life identifies focal points from the people's urgent concerns and expectations, writing warm annotations for insurance services.
Fulfilling Duties and Missions, Writing a New Chapter of a Better Life
Thirty years of days and nights turning have added rings of time to New China Life and gathered ever-rising strength for moving forward.
Looking ahead, Chinese-style modernization is advancing with great strides, the building of a strong financial country is being comprehensively promoted, the blueprint of the 15th Five-Year Plan is gradually unfolding, and the people's demand for protection and elderly care wealth management continues to be released. The insurance industry is ushering in brand-new development opportunities while also shouldering heavier responsibilities of the times. On the new journey, New China Life opens a new chapter with the ambition of standing firm at thirty.
Standing firm in the aspiration of serving the country and the people, polishing the value foundation of finance and insurance. As a state-controlled financial insurance enterprise under the leadership of the Party, New China Life will firmly practice the political nature and people-centered nature of financial work, align with what the country needs, what insurance can do, and what New China Life excels at, and with a higher position and greater effort, closely connect with the strategic needs of high-quality development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, guiding financial insurance resources to where they are most needed, and expanding development space in enhancing people's well-being.
Standing firm in the business of insurance protection, cultivating the development resilience to traverse cycles. Over the past 30 years, New China Life has adhered to the fundamental purpose of insurance, insisted on focusing on life insurance, and has always moved steadily toward the goal of becoming "a China-first-class financial services group centered on the insurance business." New China Life will proceed from the enterprise's actual conditions, act in accordance with the operational laws of the life insurance industry, advance specialized, market-oriented, and systematic reforms in depth, deepen the coordinated development of the "insurance + service + investment" three-pronged approach, and provide customers with comprehensive, professional, and proactive risk management, health management, and wealth management services.
Standing firm in the heart of benevolence and virtue, forging a professional and dedicated service team. New China Life will practice the three major strategic mainlines of "customer-centered, workforce-rooted, and employee-partnered," build a long-term and stable career development platform for employees and the workforce, hold every cent of customers' premiums in reverence, enhance customers' sense of gain and happiness through professional service, and realize "protecting for the long term, protecting health, and protecting a better life."
From 1996 to 2026, New China Life's brand image has shone ever more brightly through the baptism of time — it gleams in the sincere sentiment of "serving the country through finance, ensuring the people through insurance," grows in the professional expertise of "staying committed to the core insurance business," and is deeply embedded in the warm sense of responsibility for safeguarding the warmth and cold of people's livelihoods.
Having traversed 30 years, New China Life is in its prime. In the future, New China Life will closely focus on the goal of building a strong financial country, uphold the mission of serving the country through finance, continuously leverage the advantages of insurance protection, expand the breadth and depth of insurance services, make every effort to excel in the "five major articles" of finance, take on responsibility with courage for Chinese-style modernization, and write a splendid new chapter of serving national strategy and safeguarding a better life.
Data source: New China Life Insurance Co., Ltd.
By: 本报记者 范昊天 史鹏飞
At the foot of Nanwang Mountain, technical staff at the National Innovation Center for Optoelectronic Information (hereinafter referred to as the "Innovation Center") are packaging and testing a batch of silicon photonic chips; in the exhibition hall outside the workshop, achievements such as the world's first 170 GHz optical modulator and the 1.6 terabyte-per-second silicon photonic interconnect chip are drawing the gaze of visitors.
This is China Optics Valley (hereinafter referred to as "Optics Valley"), located in Wuhan, Hubei Province. In 1976, China's first optical fiber was born here. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Optics Valley has gathered 16,000 optoelectronic information enterprises, and the number of high-tech enterprises has grown from 3,146 to 5,821. A large number of scientific and technological achievements have been born here, including BeiDou high-precision chips, an "AI chip + large-model numerical control" system, and glass multi-dimensional storage systems, bearing witness to the innovation vitality continuously bursting forth in Wuhan.
Promoting a "two-way rush" between the innovation chain and the industrial chain
"Fifty years ago, Academician Zhao Zisen pulled out China's first practical optical fiber in the building next door using 'indigenous methods.' Today, we are anchoring ourselves to the goal of independent and controllable high-end optoelectronic devices and striving to overcome difficulties." Xiao Xi, General Manager of the Innovation Center, stated that this year, the Innovation Center successfully developed a 250 GHz ultra-wideband photonic chip and a 12-inch silicon photonic PDK (Process Design Kit), providing underlying support for optical-wireless converged communications.
Optics Valley is an important source of innovation for China's optical communications and a highland of scientific and technological innovation in Hubei Province. In recent years, Optics Valley has vigorously promoted the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, building a high-level scientific and technological innovation platform matrix of "1 national laboratory + 13 national key laboratories + 5 Hubei laboratories + 7 major scientific installations + 66 national-level innovation platforms."
Established in 2018, the Innovation Center undertakes the important mission of accelerating the integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain. "Previously, the domestic localization rate of high-end optical chips was not high. To break through key technologies in optoelectronic information, Wuhan Accelink Technologies Co., Ltd. took the lead, jointly establishing the Innovation Center with 11 optoelectronic device enterprises and research units." Xiao Xi introduced that the Innovation Center has gathered the strength of more than 30 universities and research institutes, integrated industry-university-research-application resources, jointly undertaken major scientific research tasks, achieved the first domestic production of a series of high-end optoelectronic chips, and gradually realized industrialization.
The "two-way rush" between the innovation chain and the industrial chain also cannot be separated from government support.
In recent years, Wuhan East Lake High-tech Development Zone has issued an action plan and several measures for building a new-era innovation and entrepreneurship highland, implementing five major actions and 11 measures, including innovation origin leadership, entrepreneurial risk sharing, and service efficiency improvement, accelerating the dual-chain co-dance of the technology chain and the industrial chain and the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation.
In the first quarter of this year, Optics Valley achieved a regional GDP of approximately 83.3 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 13.2%, and the added value of industries above designated size increased by 38.5% year-on-year.
Industry poses the questions, science and technology answers
To achieve the integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain, the most difficult part is breaking through information barriers and realizing precise and efficient matching of resources. To smooth the channel from the laboratory to the production workshop, since 2023, Hubei has innovatively promoted the construction of a scientific and technological innovation supply chain platform, using Optics Valley as the carrier, providing various users with services such as technology supply and demand publishing, talent matching, and finance, allowing entrepreneurs and scientists to better "join hands."
In October last year, a biotechnology company in Wuhan published a technology demand on the platform: they were troubled by the raw material problem in polylactic acid production — the traditional process relies on grain raw materials and has high costs, and they urgently needed to find a production technology based on non-grain raw materials such as methanol.
This piece of information caught the attention of Yang Ke, a technology manager on the scientific and technological innovation supply chain platform. Relying on his familiarity with the disciplinary advantages of universities, he keenly realized that experts in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering at Hubei University might be able to solve this problem. He plunged into the enterprise, communicated repeatedly, and finally sorted out a clear "technical requirement specification," turning the enterprise's pain points into a feasible "target."
Subsequently, Yang Ke took this "target" and found Professor He Qiaoning's team at Hubei University, which is deeply engaged in the modification of Zymomonas mobilis and AI-driven metabolic pathway design. From technical feasibility demonstration to contract negotiation, Yang Ke tracked the entire process and ultimately facilitated a 1.6 million yuan school-enterprise cooperation project. The project is expected to achieve industrial application by the end of this year, potentially exploring a new non-grain raw material pathway for the biodegradable materials industry.
"Since its launch, the platform has attracted over 123,000 registered users, with total demand exceeding 73,000 items. Linking domestic and international, online and offline, onshore and offshore, it has completed matching for over 22,000 projects." Li Tianpei, General Manager of Hubei Sci-Tech Innovation Supply Chain Co., Ltd., which operates the platform, introduced that relying on Optics Valley Financial Holdings' financial resources, the company has built a tiered support model of "concept verification funds + special incentive funds for bottom-up cultivation + concept verification seed funds for precise investment," successfully deploying multiple high-quality early-stage projects.
Anchoring basic research, forward-deploying future industries
Basic research is the source of scientific and technological innovation and an important competitive force for the future development of industries. Peng Ruoshi, Li Mingzhe, and other engineers born after 1995 at Hubei Jiufengshan Laboratory have developed a gallium oxide "electronic switch" with a withstand voltage of 9.02 kilovolts. This fingernail-sized chip can replace traditional equipment cabinets occupying 2 square meters.
For power grids, high-speed railways, AI data centers, and other facilities to operate stably, current "switches" that can withstand high voltage are indispensable. "In the past, the mainstream materials for such 'switches' were either too expensive or too large in volume." Peng Ruoshi said that the R&D team took a different path, adopting gallium oxide material and innovatively designing a double-layer field plate structure, successfully raising the switch's withstand voltage to 9.02 kilovolts. Once mass production is achieved in the future, it will have significant cost advantages.
The Jiufengshan Laboratory, established in February 2021, is one of the ten key laboratories deployed by Hubei Province. This laboratory, focused on compound semiconductors, connects cutting-edge research on one end and industrial demand on the other.
"Compound semiconductors have advantages such as high voltage resistance, high temperature resistance, and high frequency, making them an important foundation supporting the development of strategic emerging industries. From new energy vehicles, next-generation communication networks, and consumer electronics, to AI data centers, humanoid robots, smart grids, and low-orbit satellites, compound semiconductors are accelerating their penetration into a broader range of fields." Ding Qichao, Director of the Jiufengshan Laboratory, introduced that the laboratory has established deep cooperation with dozens of industry-leading enterprises, opening up the entire chain of "R&D—pilot testing—mass production," and producing a series of important achievements such as 8-inch silicon photonic thin-film lithium niobate optoelectronic integrated wafer technology and silicon-based heterogeneous integrated chip light-emitting technology.
Ultra-high-layer 3D NAND flash memory chips and other technologies lead the industry, the humanoid robot innovation center has been completed and put into use, brain-computer interface implanted chips... Over the past year, Optics Valley's innovation momentum has surged powerfully, empowering high-quality development.
"In the future, Optics Valley will actively deploy in fields such as quantum technology and nuclear fusion, vigorously expand industries such as 6G communications and biomanufacturing, invest in no fewer than 50 future industry projects, and introduce no fewer than 100 enterprises." A relevant person in charge of Optics Valley stated.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 宋 飞 环球时报记者 倪洪章
In the exhibition hall of Wuhan Aolvxin Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Aolvxin"), a minimally invasive myocardial rotary cutter is placed in a prominent position. As a world-first device, it can reach into the beating heart to "slim down" the myocardium. Compared with traditional open-chest surgery, this cutter requires only a fingertip-sized puncture opening, the heart does not stop beating, the operation takes about one hour, and the patient can be transferred out of the ICU the next day.
The birth of this "cutter" originated from a flash of inspiration Professor Wei Xiang of Tongji Hospital affiliated with Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology had when he saw a street vendor cutting pineapples. "Can we cut in rotation the way pineapples are cut, removing diseased myocardium for patients without opening the chest?" Wei Xiang's "whimsical idea" ultimately became reality at Aolvxin. The two sides joined forces to tackle the challenge, and after 7 iterations and more than 40 rounds of optimization, the "pineapple knife" became a reality, successfully completing over 1,500 surgeries, and even attracting experts from foreign medical centers to make a special trip to Wuhan to "learn from the experience." In March this year, this original Chinese technology has initiated clinical trials in the United States.
Wei Xiang's experience is a microcosm of the hundreds of innovation stories on the Aolvxin platform.
Sun Yun, Chief Technology Officer of Aolvxin, said that many top-tier clinical ideas often get stuck in the two stages between laboratory prototype "small-scale trials" and mass-production product "pilot-scale trials." This is precisely where Aolvxin's responsibility lies: building a one-stop medical-engineering integration incubation platform covering the entire chain of "achievement selection, concept validation, pilot-scale maturation, and shared intelligent manufacturing," interconnecting the nation's top clinical medical experts and a full-time engineering team spanning multiple disciplines including materials, machinery, and electronics, with complete manufacturing and testing professional capabilities. In the "Medical-Engineering Interaction Laboratory," ideas go through rounds of communication, design, prototyping, and experimentation among collaborating parties, iterating into safe and reliable samples.
As a concept validation center of Wuhan Optics Valley Biolake and a Hubei provincial-level pilot-scale base, Aolvxin's practice is a vivid portrayal of Wuhan Optics Valley's efforts to promote the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation: using enterprise-based platforms as the link, precisely connecting the clinical frontline innovation chain with the market-frontier industrial chain — the Optics Valley path of demand-oriented, enterprise-led, and deeply coordinated medical-engineering collaboration has accelerated the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, continuously injecting a source of living water into the cultivation of new quality productive forces in the life and health sector.
As of now, the platform has transformed more than 400 innovative medical devices, of which 5 have entered the "green channel" for special review of national innovative medical devices. "We are not only incubating products, but also incubating innovative technologies and future industries," Sun Yun said.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 叶 子 彭 飞
OLED (organic light-emitting diode) screens — can they be "printed"? In Wuhan Optics Valley, inside the production workshop of Wuhan Guochuangke Optoelectronic Equipment Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Guochuangke"), a white-bodied piece of equipment is in production; a robotic arm sends in a piece of glass substrate, and after multiple back-and-forth "printing" passes, one layer of display functional film is completed. With multiple stations and multiple devices successively completing multiple film layers, the printing-based manufacture of display panels can be realized.
These devices are able to precisely print each layer of the screen's functional structure onto the substrate. "On a G6 substrate of nearly 3 square meters, the equipment must complete the precise placement of droplets at the billion level." said Chen Jiankui (陈建魁), chairman of Guochuangke.
Chen Jiankui explained that the printing technology route differs from traditional OLED manufacturing; the latter adopts the evaporation process, which is already fairly mature in the small-size mobile phone screen field, but has low material utilization and high cost. "If we follow the original route, the materials, equipment, and patents all belong to others, and we can only sell production capacity; with the new route, the industrial chain is independently controllable, line construction costs are greatly reduced, and after production begins, material costs and operation and maintenance costs can also come down," Chen Jiankui said.
The enterprise's R&D and manufacturing technology for new-type display manufacturing equipment comes from more than 10 years of accumulation in the laboratory. At the end of 2020, the first 200-type inkjet printing equipment developed by the research team of Huazhong University of Science and Technology successfully passed acceptance. In the same year, the team founded Guochuangke and continued to tackle the development of equipment for larger-size OLED display panels. The team's journey from the laboratory to the market involves both the "creation" of scientific and technological innovation and the "breakthrough" of industrial innovation.
The transformation of industry-academia-research cannot be separated from the strong support of relevant government departments. The government connected leading enterprises and industrial funds, and Guochuangke obtained financing; developing equipment required large-space, high-standard clean workshops, and in less than a year, Optics Valley built nearly 6,000 square meters of production and office space. Leveraging Optics Valley's complete industrial chain, Guochuangke also found R&D partners and customers. "Right next to us are the two leading panel enterprises, China Star and Tianma, so we can directly connect with market demand," Chen Jiankui said.
In early April this year, the G6 full-size printing equipment independently developed by Guochuangke was successfully shipped and moved into the customer's site. Chen Jiankui explained that within this year, development of the G8.6 full-size industrial equipment will be completed, and the company is gradually building intelligent printing equipment, hoping that through the joint efforts of the academic and industrial communities, domestically produced "printed screens" can enter 千家万户 (qiān jiā wàn hù - "a thousand households, ten thousand doors," every household and family).
By: 夏康健 张 凡 牛菁诚
The arm rotates downward, grabs the bottle, puts it down... mimicking the operator's movements, the robot extends its "hand" to grab the bottle. "We are collecting motion data for humanoid robots," said Ye Rui (叶锐), docent at the Hubei Humanoid Robot Innovation Center (湖北人形机器人创新中心). "It's like being a teacher for humanoid robots, teaching hand by hand."
In May this year, the Cyberspace Administration of China (国家网信办), the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部) jointly issued the "Implementation Opinions on the Standardized Application and Innovative Development of Intelligent Agents," proposing to "enhance the supply capacity of high-quality datasets for intelligent agent training and operation." As the "AI+" action is implemented in depth, the humanoid robot industry is developing vigorously, and data collection and training centers related to it have 应运而生 (yìng yùn ér shēng - "arise in response to the times," to emerge as the times require).
A new profession has also emerged — humanoid robot trainer, mainly responsible for collecting and organizing motion data for humanoid robots. "The amount of data required by humanoid robots is extremely vast and complex, with obvious characteristics of randomness and fragmentation, so dedicated personnel are needed for collection," said Huang Quanzhou (黄全周), operations director of the Hubei Humanoid Robot Innovation Center. After collection is completed, the data must go through processes such as cleaning, annotation, and review before it can become qualified data. A 5-minute task needs to be broken down into 7,000–8,000 frames of data, and approximately every 182 frames of data requires a text description to help the humanoid robot understand.
On the data collection floor, even daily household chores such as clearing the dining table and placing food are broken down into 20 specific actions; in the simulated supermarket scenario, trainers wear VR (virtual reality) glasses to collect spatial data. Currently, the Hubei Humanoid Robot Innovation Center achieves a daily output of 24,000 data items, with an annual data collection volume of approximately 6 million items, covering multiple scenarios including supermarkets, coffee shops, industrial production lines, warehouses, apartments, conference rooms, and chemical laboratories.
Brain models, electronic skin, inertial sensors, battery cells, dexterous hands, chips, fingertip and palm tactile sensors... The humanoid robot industry involves multiple aspects. The Hubei Humanoid Robot Innovation Center is connecting the industrial chain, linking more than 50 upstream and downstream enterprises, and has developed multiple humanoid robots including "Shennong," "Worker No. 1," "Tianwen," "Chubao," and "Photon." The center currently has nearly 100 trainers, and has also established a dedicated talent training base to cultivate trainers.
"I am full of confidence in the future development of humanoid robots, and I look forward to humanoid robots being able to complete more tedious and repetitive work," said Lu Lang (卢浪), an intern trainer at the Hubei Humanoid Robot Innovation Center.
Return to TopBy: 孔庆元 陈静文 曹雅芳
Can rice also "produce blood"? In the exhibition hall of Hubei Wuhan Heyuan Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (禾元生物科技股份有限公司), golden rice ears, rice cell sections, and a human serum albumin DNA model are displayed side by side. Above the model hang award plaques including the "Second Prize of the National Technological Invention Award," the "China Patent Excellence Award," and the Hubei Province Specialized, Refined, Distinctive, and Innovative "Little Giant" Enterprise.
Human serum albumin is a protein in human plasma that can rapidly replenish fluids lost by the human body and maintain the balance of vascular pressure. It is widely used in the medical field and is known as the "golden life-saving drug." This drug can only be extracted from plasma, is extremely scarce, and has long been dependent on imports.
In 2005, Yang Daichang (杨代常), a professor at Wuhan University, formed a research team with four doctoral students and began tackling the biotechnological challenge of "producing blood from rice" from scratch.
"Rice endosperm cells possess a complete eukaryotic cell protein processing system, and the translation, folding, and modification of recombinant proteins are all very similar to those in mammalian cells," Yang Daichang explained. By introducing the gene fragment of the target protein into rice endosperm cells, rice can be made into a natural "protein factory." After the rice matures, through processes such as husking, milling, chromatography, and purification, recombinant human serum albumin can be obtained. "The human serum albumin purified from 5 kilograms of rice is equivalent to the amount extracted from 1 liter of plasma."
In 2017, the research achievement, which had undergone 37 rounds of scheme iteration, finally reached the stage of clinical trials. Yang Daichang personally lay down on the test bench and received an injection of 10 grams of recombinant human serum albumin. He said: "If I don't even dare to inject the drug I made myself, how can I make others trust it?"
In July 2025, the National Medical Products Administration (国家药品监督管理局) approved the marketing of the plant-derived recombinant human serum albumin injection through the priority review and approval procedure. "This rewrites the history that human serum albumin could only be extracted from plasma, and marks that our country has leapt to an internationally leading position in the fields of recombinant human serum albumin and plant biomanufacturing technology," Yang Daichang said.
In the headquarters building of Heyuan Biotechnology, one of the slogans on display reads: "Improve human health with green and safe products." Today, the production base for plant-derived recombinant human serum albumin — Phase II of the Heyuan Biotechnology Industrialization Base — has been completed in the East Lake New Technology Development Zone in Wuhan. Both the scale of output and the diversified development of products will ascend to a new level.
Return to TopBy: 王云杉
In the economic operation data for July released by the National Bureau of Statistics (国家统计局), one indicator is quite striking: in the first seven months, the contribution rate of new growth drivers to the growth of industrial enterprises above designated size reached 50.9%, up 3 percentage points from the first half of the year. For the first time, new growth drivers have shouldered "half the country" (bàn bì jiāng shān - "half the rivers and mountains," half of the whole), fully reflecting the positive trend of China's economy moving toward the new and toward excellence.
Analyzing the internal and external situation makes it easier to appreciate the weight of this "50.9%." Looking outward, global industrial competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and trade protectionism continues to rise; looking inward, the contradiction of strong supply and weak demand domestically remains relatively prominent, and some traditional industries face relatively great pressure in transformation. Under the pressure of the internal and external environment, the contribution of new growth drivers to economic development and industrial growth continues to rise, increasingly becoming a key support for China's economy maintaining stable operation in a complex environment — this is truly no small feat.
How has the steadily rising contribution rate of new growth drivers been achieved? We might understand it from three dimensions —
Innovation has depth. At present, China's development model is accelerating its shift from traditional factor-driven growth to innovation-driven growth. The increasingly complete industrial system and the advantages of a super-large market provide broad application scenarios for the iteration of new technologies and the landing of new products, realizing the rapid iteration of new technologies from the laboratory to industrialization and scale, continuously converting innovation potential into tangible economic increments. The data is powerful proof: from January to July, the proportion of investment in high-tech industries and intellectual property products in total investment increased by 1.2 and 2.1 percentage points year-on-year respectively, and the momentum of innovation is growing ever stronger.
Transformation has strength. The conversion between old and new growth drivers cannot be accomplished overnight (yī cù ér jiù - "to be achieved in one step," to succeed at the first attempt); it requires persistent effort over the long term (jiǔ jiǔ wéi gōng - "to achieve success through prolonged effort," to persevere over time) and sustained exertion. Last year, the added value of the "three-new" economy, centered on new industries, new business formats, and new business models, accounted for 18.39% of GDP, showing a trend of year-by-year increase, with a cumulative increase of 1.9 percentage points during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. Behind this lies China's strategic resolve in continuously promoting industrial transformation and cultivating innovation momentum over many years. From continuously promoting the transformation of manufacturing toward the mid-to-high end of the industrial chain and value chain, to strengthening and optimizing the digital economy and promoting the expansion and quality improvement of modern services, maintaining patience and perseverance in transformation, new growth drivers will also accelerate.
Policy has warmth. The vigorous growth (zhuó zhuàng chéng zhǎng - "to grow sturdy and strong," to thrive) of new industries and new business formats cannot be separated from the nourishment of the institutional environment. The "two major" and "two new" policies leverage effective investment and activate consumption vitality; "AI+" uses scenarios as a guide to open up development space; the construction of the "six networks" weaves a dense modern infrastructure and consolidates the foundation for development... A series of policies both target the present with precise force and plan for the long term with systematic layout, building the stage for enterprises to "put on a good show." Adhering to the simultaneous efforts of forceful policy support, patient capital investment, and full market competition will surely cultivate a rich soil for the growth of all kinds of new growth drivers.
At the same time, it must be recognized that industrial transformation and upgrading, and the conversion between old and new growth drivers, are not a fully synchronized process. We must both see the positive side of new growth drivers accelerating their growth and the economy moving toward the new and toward excellence, and also face squarely the practical problems that the succession of old and new growth momentum still requires time, and that some fields face short-term difficulties.
The meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) held on July 30 proposed accelerating the conversion between old and new growth drivers. We must continue to implement and refine the relevant policy deployments, coordinate the promotion of the upgrading of traditional industries, the expansion of emerging industries, and the cultivation of future industries, promote the smooth succession and conversion of old and new growth drivers, and inject stronger momentum into high-quality development.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李心萍 刘军国
The petrochemical industry is known as the "invisible grain" of modern industry. As demand for refined oil products peaks and declines, the petrochemical industry faces pressures such as intensifying competition in traditional oil refining business and accelerating pace of green transformation.
Let us go to Ningbo to see how a petrochemical base with 50 million tons of oil refining capacity and leading domestic scale in major products responds to transformation pressure and charts a path of transformation and upgrading.
A small plastic bottle cap contains great knowledge —
New materials become the breakthrough direction
Plastic bottle caps are ordinary and common, but did you know that China's beverage bottle cap raw materials long relied on imports?
A small bottle cap contains great knowledge. Plastic bottle caps come into direct contact with drinkable liquids such as drinking water and fruit juice, so the health and safety index requirements for bottle caps are especially high. In plain terms, bottle caps must pass three tests: "taste," "twist," and "smell."
First, "taste." This involves placing polyethylene bottle cap resin in water and boiling it; if a bitter taste is produced, this raw material cannot be used for bottle cap production.
Next, "twist." Is twisting open a bottle cap too laborious? That is because the material's torque is too high. But if the torque is too small, it will leak air and liquid, causing the water quality to deteriorate.
Entering the Sinopec Zhenhai Refining and Chemical exhibition hall, what is astonishing is that the raw material used to make these bottle caps is actually snow-white particles.
"Food-grade bottle cap material is a special plastic product with strict requirements for the raw material's odor, molding, torque, and other characteristics. The product needs to possess good environmental stress crack resistance, no off-odor, and easy processing characteristics," said Lin Huajie (林华杰), deputy director of Sinopec Ningbo New Materials Research Institute.
In 2024, Zhenhai Refining and Chemical made a technological innovation and produced polyethylene ZH5050 bottle cap material, and the product successfully passed national food safety certification.
To conquer the "smell" test, Zhenhai Refining and Chemical's research team specially formed a "Golden Nose Team" to comprehensively review possible sources of odor factors in product development.
The experiment is very tedious. 12.5 grams of particles must be placed into a 125-milliliter brown bottle. Bake at 80 degrees Celsius for two hours, then cool to 60 degrees Celsius for sniffing, ensuring the product's odor index fully meets standards.
Today, bottle caps made from polyethylene bottle cap resin produced by Zhenhai Refining and Chemical have been applied to products of well-known domestic beverage brands such as Wahaha.
The transformation stems from a change in philosophy.
"During the '15th Five-Year Plan' period, with the increase in new energy vehicle penetration rate, demand for refined oil products will peak and decline," analyzed Huang Aibin, deputy manager of Zhenhai Refining and Chemical's Science and Technology Department. The industry's supply-demand pattern has undergone profound change, and refining and chemical enterprises urgently need to build a new product system.
"Reducing oil and increasing chemicals" has become the transformation direction for Zhenhai Refining and Chemical and even the entire Ningbo petrochemical base.
Against this backdrop, the major scientific and technological innovation platform — Sinopec Ningbo New Materials Research Institute — emerged as the times required. It was jointly established by the Ningbo Municipal Government and China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec Group), with Zhenhai Refining and Chemical responsible for specific management.
The laboratory is separated from the plant area by only one wall. The laboratory "directly connects" to the production line, and Zhenhai Refining and Chemical's R&D and industry have sped onto the "expressway."
This year, good news came again. Zhenhai Refining and Chemical successfully produced qualified 4-methyl-1-pentene (4M1P) products. 4M1P is a key monomer for synthesizing PMP (polymethylpentene), a high-molecular polymer. PMP, in turn, is the key membrane material for manufacturing ECMO "artificial lungs."
Looking across the Ningbo petrochemical base, the industrial chain is continuously extending.
Focusing on C2, C3, and aromatics, the full industrial chain map is continuously improving. NHU methionine, Zhongzhe polymer, Juhua special polyester... a batch of high-end new material projects have been put into production one after another. Ningbo's petrochemical products are more diverse, and its foundation is more solid.
The production of a magical material, PTT —
Building a waste-free industrial chain
Entering the Ningbo Petrochemical Economic and Technological Development Zone, by the side of the West Grand River, the water is clear and the banks are green.
Deep in the Zhenhai Refining and Chemical plant area lies an egret garden, which has become a habitat for herons and egrets, with the number of egrets reaching 5,000 at peak times. This is also the country's first waste-free petrochemical base.
Refining towers, pipe corridors, and egrets coexist harmoniously. How did a chemical plant transform into a home for egrets?
Let us start with the production of a magical material, PTT (polytrimethylene terephthalate).
When you grab a shirt and put it on before going out in the morning, it remains crisp without ironing; when you sweat profusely in the gym, your sportswear fits tightly against your body, does not bind no matter how you stretch, and instantly returns to its original shape the moment you release it... Behind these high-quality garments hides a common "invisible hero" — PTT. In the Ningbo Petrochemical Economic and Technological Development Zone, from the very birth of this material, all raw materials have been supplied internally and resources have been recycled.
On October 19, 2025, the world's largest single-unit PDO/PTT integrated device at Ningbo Juhua Chemical Technology Co., Ltd. successfully started trial feeding and produced its first batch of qualified products, achieving success on the first startup.
Entering Ningbo Juhua, one of the raw materials needed to produce PDO happens to be the "trump card product" of neighboring Zhenhai Refining and Chemical, delivered directly through pipelines "point-to-point." At the same time, the other several raw materials needed for PTT production are all provided by enterprises within the park, achieving 100% "supply across the wall," forming a mature ecosystem of "mutual supply of raw materials and industrial circulation."
"For the petrochemical industry, resource recycling has changed from an 'optional question' to a 'required question,'" said Zhong Junliang, deputy secretary of the Party Committee and general manager of Ningbo Juhua. The company conducts full life-cycle carbon footprint accounting for its core products, with carbon emissions per unit product below 3 tons, representing an industry-leading low-carbon clean production solution.
The birth of a new product conveniently helped two other enterprises digest their by-products, turning "waste" into treasure through circulation within the park.
Looking across the Ningbo petrochemical base, there are many such "magic tricks." The NHU 180,000-ton liquid methionine project is a fine example of turning "waste into treasure."
On the park's industrial chain, some by-products from Zhenhai Refining and Chemical's production process, if disposed of as waste, would be difficult and costly; but sent elsewhere, they can become production raw materials for another enterprise. NHU, through its independently developed clean process, "consumes" these "waste materials" and, through marvelous chemical reactions, converts them into high value-added liquid methionine.
Methionine is one of the sulfur-containing amino acids needed by animals, which cannot be synthesized by the body itself and can only be supplemented externally through feed.
Today, NHU's project has not only solved the environmental protection难题 that plagued the industry, but also turned originally low-value by-products into high value-added products with expected annual sales revenue of 3.5 billion yuan, truly realizing circular utilization of the industrial chain.
Precisely because of this, the Ningbo Petrochemical Economic and Technological Development Zone's "reduction + recycling + digital supervision petrochemical industry waste-free park model" was selected among the first batch of national "waste-free park" typical cases. The park's circular economy industry correlation degree reaches 92%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste reaches 99.7%.
The pace of green transformation of the Ningbo petrochemical base is still accelerating. "We plan that by 2027, the petrochemical industry cluster will achieve full coverage of green transformation for industrial enterprises above designated size," said Zhou Ping, deputy director of the Ningbo Municipal Bureau of Economics and Information Technology.
How to inspect 3,500 kilometers of various pipelines for hidden dangers —
Building a safety bottom line with intelligence
In the petrochemical industry's production process, material transportation and chemical reactions mostly occur inside sealed devices and pipelines, invisible and intangible. How is safety ensured?
Standing on Jingshi South Road in the Zhenhai Refining and Chemical plant area, looking up, six layers of more than 100 pipelines of varying thicknesses thread through the space, like a complex neural network. At Zhenhai Refining and Chemical, the entire plant has 55 kilometers of system pipe corridors and 3,500 kilometers of various pipelines.
With such density, how are hidden dangers inspected?
The answer lies hidden in the Zhenhai Refining and Chemical Equipment Health Management Center. On the large screen, it is full of equipment nodes, with different colors indicating different health levels.
"We have installed sensors on equipment that upload vibration, temperature, and other data in real time. The platform conducts intelligent diagnosis through expert models, scoring each piece of equipment in real time and issuing automatic alerts," introduced Dong Yingyu, administrator of the Zhenhai Refining and Chemical Equipment Health Management Center.
Once a fault occurs, on-site personnel can scan the pipeline's QR code to call up the three-dimensional cross-sectional view of that section of pipeline, viewing material, medium, maintenance records, and other information in real time, making operations intuitive and efficient.
"Digital twin is like having an extra intelligent rehearsal ground, making production both predictable and more controllable," Gan Jianfu, manager of Zhenhai Refining and Chemical's Information Center, told reporters.
Not only that, robots are transforming into "safety officers" for the chemical park.
In the Zhenhai Refining and Chemical spherical tank area, flying-cable robots travel through the air along two steel cables only 7 millimeters thick, patrolling back and forth, achieving dead-angle-free inspection.
The spherical tank area, an important node for liquefied gas storage and transportation, is a major hazard source monitoring area. Previously, inspection relied on manual handheld detectors, checking point by point, with low efficiency and heavy workload. Now, robots fly through the air, avoiding all ground obstacles, and can detect abnormal gas signals within 50 meters in 2 seconds, like equipping the tank area with an "intelligent housekeeper."
Ningbo Juhua also has "aerial sentinels." Intelligent inspection robots, suspended in mid-air, patrol automatically year-round without rest, capable of checking gas leaks, reading instruments, and measuring temperature, achieving an all-round leap from "human defense" to "intelligent defense."
Data shows that as of now, the coverage rate of digitalization level 2.0 and above for industrial enterprises above designated size in the Ningbo green petrochemical cluster reaches 68.5%, and the numerical control rate of key processes reaches 68.2%.
Even more exciting is that the operating system behind the intelligent factories has also achieved domestic localization.
Ningbo, together with Zhejiang SUPCON, released an AI (artificial intelligence) factory operating system, building a "1 super brain + N intelligent agent cerebellum" architecture, forming five cluster-level solutions for equipment operation and maintenance, production control, energy consumption optimization, and others.
"Ningbo will continue to explore the cultivation path of a 'world-class, high-tech, integrated' petrochemical cluster, building an industrial cluster with a scale exceeding one trillion yuan," said Zhou Ping.
By: 周 蕊
Each patch of water and soil nurtures its own farming practices and shapes its own industries. Chongqing lies among the parallel ridge-valleys of eastern Sichuan, with the Yangtze River cutting through the mountains; peaks rise in layered folds, and contiguous plains are rare—most land consists of sloping terraces and fragmented hillside fields. This distinctive mountain topography has long constrained the farming patterns of this land, while also沉淀ing down a wisdom of mountain farming that adapts to local conditions.
Looking back over a thousand years, the agricultural development history of Bayu is a history of adjustment in the symbiosis between people and mountains. Unlike the large-scale reclamation of the Central Plains, the ancestors of Bayu followed the mountain contours and shaped fields according to the terrain, building terraces on slopes and cliffs, digging canals along streams, and transforming scattered sloping land into cultivable farmland. The geographical conditions of high mountains, deep valleys, and fragmented plots long kept traditional farming dependent on manual labor. Although sowing was broad and harvests were thin, the ancestors worked diligently and carved out a path of survival in the cracks between mountains and waters.
The barriers of the mountains also shaped a unique logic of rural economy. Historically, the Bayu salt ancient road linked mountain villages, the Yangtze waterway connected riverside ports, and the grain and oil produced on terraced fields and the local products nurtured in the wilds flowed outward along ancient roads and boats. In the Bayu countryside of that era, farming secured the foundation and trade supplemented agriculture; self-sufficient farming and short-distance commerce were interdependent, forming a small-peasant economic form adapted to mountain conditions—tenacious, pragmatic, introverted, and enduring—which became an important foundation of Bayu local civilization. Relying on the natural advantages of the golden waterway of the Yangtze, the farming production areas along the river gradually linked up with market towns and fairs, allowing mountain products to leave the deep ravines and mountains and be exchanged with each other. For example, Yunyang early noodles in the hinterland of the Three Gorges, which integrated noodle-making techniques from north and south with local well-salt craftsmanship, spread outward along the riverine trade routes.
The mountainous terrain nurtured a tenacious endowment, but also long constrained development: farming was fragmented, yields were limited, and disaster-resistance capacity was weak. The agricultural potential of this folded landscape of mountains and rivers was not fully released.
The mountains and rivers remain unchanged, but science and technology advance with each passing day. Since the beginning of the new era, as new quality productive forces have moved down to the countryside, the thousand-year-old mountain agriculture is undergoing a transformative change. Based on the regional characteristics of high-temperature summer droughts and hilly sloping lands, research institutions such as the Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences have delved deeply into germplasm innovation adapted to local water and soil conditions and tackled key mountain agricultural technologies, breeding a batch of highly recognizable independent varieties—high-temperature-tolerant, stress-resistant quality rice, specialty vegetables, mountain grain and oil crops—and breaking through the bottleneck of mountain seed industry. For example, Shizhu water shield, nurtured in the Wuling mountain area with abundant clouds and mist and clean water, has become a branded export product. At the same time, research teams have long been stationed in the fields, building platforms for germplasm identification and agricultural technology extension, and opening up the "last mile" for scientific research achievements to land in the fields.
The mountain conditions that once constrained farming have now become a unique advantage for distinctive development. Jiangjin and other places have continuously promoted the land transformation suitable for mechanization, deeply tapping the potential of hilly farmland. Intelligent agricultural machinery such as the "Agricultural Tank 1#" developed by the Municipal Academy of Agricultural Sciences, adapted to steep slopes, narrow ridges, and fragmented plots, shuttles through rugged mountain ridges, replacing the traditional labor of carrying loads on shoulders and backs for generations. Intelligent sensing, agricultural models, and precision management and protection systems cover the countryside, empowering field management with data and moving mountain farming toward refinement. Planting and breeding layouts adapted to local conditions, ecological recycling farming models, and full-process technological support are pushing mountain agriculture out of the old pattern of "depending on heaven for food."
From historically "adapting to the mountains to survive" to today's "reshaping the mountains to seek development," the transformation of Bayu farming is a two-way empowerment between geographical endowment and the development of the times, and it is also a vivid epitome of Chongqing's urban-rural iteration and rural revitalization. The tenacious foundation nurtured by a thousand years of mountains and waters continues to this day; new momentum from technological empowerment, germplasm innovation, and smart farming is growing vigorously. Traditional fragmented farming is gradually shifting toward scaled, distinctive, and branded modern mountain industry; the pure planting and breeding model has extended into diversified business forms such as deep processing of agricultural products, integration of agriculture and tourism, and smart farming operations, completely breaking the development dilemma of single-structure, low-value-added mountain agriculture.
The Ba Mountains remain as they were, yet the fields are renewed year after year. The new quality mountain agriculture, iterating and upgrading in the folds of mountains and rivers, is activating the enduring momentum of this thousand-year-old land and writing the Bayu chapter of comprehensive rural revitalization.
(The author is a researcher at the Information Institute of the Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences; compiled and arranged by our reporter Liu Xinwu)
Return to TopBy: 王东辉
Recently, a change known as global clients' "reverse business travel" is quietly taking place.
In the past, Chinese entrepreneurs' suitcases were packed with samples and business cards as they flew around the world seeking orders; today, the script has flipped — overseas clients taking the initiative to cross oceans to China for business inspections and negotiations has instead become a high-frequency scenario.
The "reverse overseas shopping" that was previously hotly discussed online — foreign tourists dragging empty suitcases to China to stock up on goods — together with "reverse business travel" forms a complete set of perspective lenses for observing China from all angles. One is shopping for products, the other is seeking solutions; from "reverse overseas shopping" to "reverse business travel," this reflects China's all-dimensional advancement from product manufacturing to innovation capability in the global value chain, and is also a vivid enactment of "China Opportunity 2.0" in reality, time and again.
Why does "reverse business travel" occur?
An "innovative China" continuously releasing dividends is undoubtedly the most direct factor.
In the past, there was a common model in the global industrial division of labor, where overseas parties were responsible for product definition and technology R&D, while China, as the "world's factory," was responsible for production and manufacturing. Today, this route is being rewritten. In frontier fields such as the low-altitude economy, artificial intelligence large models, and humanoid robots, some Chinese enterprises already possess "technology definition" capability.
Recently, real-time ranking data from a certain major global AI model aggregation platform showed that the world's top five AI large models were all developed by Chinese enterprises, with Chinese models accounting for over 63% of overall calls; in the first half of 2026, Chinese innovative drugs concluded 81 out-licensing deals with a total potential contract value of approximately 110 billion US dollars, already reaching 80% of the scale for the full year of 2025. Overseas clients coming to China are no longer seeking contract manufacturing, but rather the latest technology solutions and next-generation products.
China's capability to "rapidly transform ideas into products" is a deeper-level reason.
A Nordic automotive supply chain enterprise visited a domestic AI technology company three times within nine months. After witnessing the speed of technology iteration and product landing, the Nordic enterprise directly moved its annual global innovation summit to that company's laboratory. Having ideas and having approaches matters, but what matters more is being able to realize them. China possesses a complete industrial system and a resilient, efficient production and supply chain — from a lipstick to a car, the industrial chain is linked link by link, forging the world-astonishing "China Speed."
In Zhiyuan Robotics' supply chain, 90% of components can be procured locally in the Yangtze River Delta, with core components achieving hour-level response; a new energy vehicle can be manufactured without leaving Anhui; in Shanghai's "Brain Intelligence World" (脑智天地), numerous brain-computer interface enterprises cluster together, where "upstairs and downstairs are upstream and downstream"... The high-frequency feedback loop formed among talent, technology, supply chains, factories, and users is precisely the true meaning of "China Speed."
Rich application scenarios give rise to new business forms and new models, shaping competitiveness at a higher dimension.
Market competition today is no longer merely a contest of product performance alone, but also of complete solution packages and industrial ecosystems. Overseas clients coming to China to discuss cooperation also follows the market shift from "selling products" to "selling solutions." From digital-intelligent cold-chain comprehensive solutions winning favor with overseas partners, to smart home solutions entering European households, to intelligent inspection solutions going to overseas mines and factories, Chinese enterprises not only undertake solution execution, but also participate more deeply in problem definition, product design, scenario validation, and continuous iteration.
China's super-large market advantage and extremely rich application scenario advantage support "China Solutions" in continuously going overseas. Today, AI empowers thousands of industries; many new technologies, new products, and new services are accelerating from laboratories to markets, requiring refinement and optimization in real application scenarios. The massive demand and diverse scenarios of the Chinese market can rapidly test and iterate technologies. Overseas clients' difficult problems find solutions in China, form models, and are then applied and promoted to the global market — this is precisely the true reason behind "reverse business travel."
The suitcase of "reverse business travel" carries not only orders, but also a vivid testament to the leap in China's industrial capability. From "going overseas to find orders" to "coming to China to seek solutions," what has changed is the direction of supply-demand matching; what remains unchanged is the underlying logic of open cooperation and mutual benefit and win-win outcomes. By continuously releasing innovation vitality and making good use of the super-large market and rich scenario advantages, China will inject a steady stream of new momentum into global industrial upgrading.
Return to TopBy: 《中国经济周刊》记者 崔晓萌 侯 隽
Wang Nan, a post-80s professional working in new media in Beijing, tapped open a link shared by a colleague while on the subway heading home from work — golden pillow durian, directly sourced from Thailand, affordably priced, free delivery to her door. She placed the order, and three days later, a hefty durian was delivered to her doorstep.
This action could not be more ordinary.
Recently, the General Administration of Customs released a set of data: in the first half of this year, the scale of cross-border e-commerce export overseas warehouses grew by 3.3 times year-on-year, and 140 million people nationwide have used cross-border e-commerce to select and purchase global goods.
Wang Nan may not have realized that she is one of that 140 million. She only feels that the world is "getting smaller" — from Thai durian to niche French fragrances, from Australian health products to German kitchenware, those goods that once required asking others to buy on one's behalf, or required traveling abroad to purchase, have now become everyday consumption within easy reach.
Geographical distance has been infinitely narrowed by the shopping cart. Each order placed by those 140 million people is stringing together the vast world market, becoming a vivid portrayal of "China Opportunity 2.0."
China's consumption power of buying from around the world is attracting global brands to accelerate their convergence
According to customs statistics, in the first half of this year, China's total import value reached 10.74 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 22.1%, with the growth rate exceeding that of exports by 8.7 percentage points. Its pulling effect on overall foreign trade growth surpassed that of exports, effectively promoting the balanced and coordinated development of imports and exports.
This data is particularly valuable against the backdrop of a globally stressed economy. The UN Trade and Development report "Trade and Development Prospects 2026" projects that global economic growth will decline from 2.9% in 2025 to 2.6% in 2026, and the real growth rate of global merchandise trade will also slow from 4.7% to between 1.5% and 2.5%.
The high growth of imports is a vivid manifestation of the continued release of the potential of China's super-large-scale market, and it also confirms the improvement in the openness of the domestic market. These positive signals are continuously attracting global brands to accelerate their convergence.
Currently, Tmall Global has brought together more than 40,000 overseas brands from over 110 countries and regions around the world, covering mainstream consumer categories such as health, beauty and personal care, maternal and infant, apparel, food and fresh produce, sports and outdoor, pets, and gaming and digital products. In 2025 as a whole, a total of 2,415 new overseas brands opened their first stores on Tmall Global, with the number of first stores achieving double-digit growth, averaging more than six new overseas brands officially opening for business each day. Entering 2026, the momentum of overseas brands entering China remains strong. In the first half of 2026, more than 850 new overseas brands opened on Tmall Global, with the transaction volume of new brand stores all growing by more than 20% year-on-year.
After years of deep cultivation, JD Worldwide has now gathered more than 20,000 overseas brands from over 100 countries and regions on its platform, with the number of cross-border commodity SKUs (stock keeping units) available on the platform exceeding ten million. In terms of category structure, maternal and infant, beauty and personal care, nutrition and health, and imported food are the core advantageous categories, while also covering long-tail categories such as home furnishings, alcoholic beverages, outdoor goods, and niche trendy products, including both international big brands and a large number of distinctive overseas niche brands that have not yet formally entered the domestic market.
Zhang Yiting, associate researcher at the Institute of Foreign Economic Research of the Chinese Academy of Macroeconomic Research, believes that many overseas brands entering the Chinese market through agency or overseas direct-operation models reflects their confirmation of the long-term value of the Chinese market, and their willingness to exchange organizational restructuring for market dominance and long-term growth space.
Cross-border shopping is "as convenient and worry-free as ordering takeout"
Overseas brands are not only "coming in," but have also begun to deeply integrate into the daily shopping scenarios of Chinese consumers.
During last November's "Black Friday" (the first Friday after the American Thanksgiving, a large-scale promotional event originating in the United States), well-known shopping malls from more than 30 countries and regions around the world launched time-difference-free livestreams through cross-border e-commerce. Chinese consumers could participate immersively without leaving home, purchasing goods from more than 130 major brand stores at Los Angeles Castle Outlets at prices as low as 30 to 40 percent off, achieving ordering in the livestream room with direct sourcing and immediate shipping from the counters.
The fervor of cross-border consumption has also driven offline consumption — a niche Korean salon fragrance brand making its first appearance in the Chinese market saw not only a surge in online sales during "Black Friday," but also a notable increase in Chinese customers at its offline stores in South Korea. The brand's person in charge said: "Many customers traveling to South Korea were attracted by the online livestreams and made special trips to the offline stores to visit and purchase."
Changes are also reflected in the lives of ordinary consumers.
According to a 2026 report by iiMedia Research, among Chinese consumers' shopping frequency on cross-border e-commerce platforms in the past three years, those consuming 1–2 times per quarter accounted for 41.96%, those consuming 1–3 times per month accounted for 39.78%, and those consuming once a week or more accounted for 8.10%. Cross-border shopping is increasingly becoming a normalized choice for the general public.
Wang Nan is a veteran consumer who has been deeply engaged in "overseas online shopping" for more than 10 years, having fully experienced the transformation of cross-border consumption from "niche" to "everyday."
Ten years ago, if one wanted to purchase a pair of sneakers with an overseas-exclusive colorway or imported niche skincare products, there were almost no legitimate channels. At that time, there were no mature cross-border e-commerce platforms, so she could only move through various daigou (purchasing agent) communities or ask relatives and friends traveling abroad to bring items back. Not only was there no guarantee of product authenticity, but prices were also marked up layer upon layer.
The most troublesome issue was logistics delivery times — after placing an order, one often had to wait one to two months, and delayed logistics were the norm. Desired goods could not arrive for a long time, making one "overseas online shopping" experience comparable to "blind-box consumption."
Now, Wang Nan only needs to open a mobile cross-border e-commerce platform, and without leaving home, she can unlock global goods with one click. The official flagship stores of major brands have complete stock, with traceability that can be verified, and platform-wide price comparisons and promotional activities are clear at a glance, completely eliminating information asymmetry and price premiums. The well-developed cross-border logistics system has made delivery of overseas goods within three days, or even next-day delivery, the norm.
Taking JD Worldwide as an example, on the one hand, the platform continues to introduce more diversified overseas supply through national pavilions and the "Ten Billion Yuan, Thousand Products New Growth Plan," bringing more nationally distinctive goods to domestic consumers; on the other hand, it continues to refine the cross-border supply chain, optimizing the fulfillment times for bonded warehousing and direct mail, while strengthening compliance and authenticity control to lower the threshold for ordinary consumers to engage in "overseas online shopping." Relying on JD Logistics, the platform has built a bonded warehouse plus overseas direct-mail warehouse network, providing a full-chain solution of "overseas warehouse — bonded stocking — domestic fulfillment," allowing quality foreign goods to reach domestic consumers faster.
"Now 'overseas online shopping' is as convenient and worry-free as ordering takeout — no need to ask favors, no need to wait a long time," Wang Nan said.
In Zhang Yiting's view, the significance of 140 million people engaging in cross-border consumption goes beyond the numbers themselves, reflecting a new direction in China's consumption landscape. Digital technology has broken down geographical and channel barriers, allowing ordinary consumers to directly connect with the global market, pushing globalization to extend from the production end to end-consumption, and enhancing the resilience of the global economy.
Cross-border e-commerce is transforming the traditional daigou landscape
Tianyancha data shows that the number of cross-border e-commerce-related enterprises currently in operation or surviving status in China has exceeded 51,000, with registration numbers over the past five years showing stepped, exponential growth. 2025 saw a registration peak, with strong market expansion momentum.
The booming cross-border e-commerce is affecting traditional daigou.
"I'm now semi-retired, only taking orders from old clients and relatives and friends," said Sun Ni, who has lived in Sydney, Australia for 16 years.
She has witnessed the entire process of Australian daigou from rise, to explosion, to decline — starting in 2008 when domestic relatives and friends asked her to buy milk powder, to 2017 when she completely gave up her clerical job to do daigou full-time, to now holding onto a small number of old clients with sporadic orders.
Sun Ni's experience is a microcosm of a generation of cross-border consumption change.
Around 2008, Australian daigou rose with the surge in domestic demand for overseas milk powder and health products. According to the Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Australia once had approximately 150,000 people engaged in daigou, including not only professional buyers like Sun Ni but also large numbers of international students and tourists playing temporary roles, forming a complete industrial chain composed of private daigou, large distributors, daigou stores, and logistics service providers.
At that time, Sun Ni's suitcase was always packed with various types of infant milk powder, shoes, and health products. She didn't need to explain how good the products were; the logic of domestic clients at the time was simple: foreign products are good, and daigou prices are cheaper than domestic counter prices.
"Now, almost all well-known milk powder brands in the world have entered the Chinese market through cross-border purchasing, and consumers no longer need a 'middleman' like me," Sun Ni said.
"In the past, domestic customers who wanted to buy Australian milk powder could only rely on daigou. Now, there are Tmall Global, JD Worldwide, and even the Australian pharmacy chain brand Chemist Warehouse has opened several physical stores in China," said Xiao Ying, who lives in Australia.
More critically, information is now transparent and consumers can compare prices. Sun Ni's old clients now directly send price comparison links to her WeChat group: "Look at this price, it's even cheaper than your daigou."
Experts analyze that global price comparison has become the norm, thanks to the maturation of three conditions.
First, information is more transparent. Cross-border price comparison content on some e-commerce platforms is already quite mature. How many Australian dollars a milk powder sells for in an Australian pharmacy, and what the final delivered price is after adding shipping and taxes — consumers can calculate it with a few taps of their fingers. The room for price markup created by information asymmetry has been eliminated.
The interest-based consumption guide platform "SMZDM" (What's Worth Buying) helps consumers understand a richer array of external product supply through "overseas online shopping" product information, overseas promotional content, forwarding strategies, and user experience sharing, while also building basic awareness of overseas products, price differences, and purchasing pathways. "Products that still have strong cross-border purchasing appeal today are, on the one hand, products with relatively obvious originality and supply uniqueness, and on the other hand, products with relatively obvious global market price differences," said Zhang Zhao, head of the platform's operations center. For consumers, cross-border consumption in the past was more like "buying foreign brands," while today it is increasingly about searching the global market for products and prices that better suit oneself.
Second, channels continue to shorten. Cross-border e-commerce directly reaches overseas products, bypassing the multi-layer markup chain of "brand owner — general agent — regional distributor — retailer," greatly compressing terminal prices. When brands' official overseas flagship stores can directly connect with consumers, the value of daigou as an intermediate link is naturally diluted.
Third, substitute brands are constantly emerging. Chinese local brands are rapidly rising across multiple tracks including beauty, apparel, and home appliances, and consumers no longer blindly worship "foreign brands."
More products tailored for Chinese consumers are being "first released" in the Chinese market
At the 2025 China International Import Expo, foreign-invested beauty companies such as L'Oréal, Kao, and Shiseido showcased first-release products tailored for Chinese consumers. These products directly match the aesthetic preferences of Chinese consumers and were only subsequently rolled out to other global markets — China is no longer a market where products are "shelved later," but has become a testing ground for "first release."
Lan Zhenzhen, president of public affairs for L'Oréal North Asia and China, introduced that L'Oréal China placed R&D resources in China very early on, studying the characteristics of the Chinese market and Chinese consumers, and then developing the latest products accordingly.
Zhang Yiting stated that "localized operation in China" has already transformed from an "optional item" for overseas brands entering China to a "mandatory item." Chinese consumers' demand iteration speed is fast and the degree of segmentation is high, making standardized products based on a "global template" unable to adapt to the needs of China's super-large-scale market.
The trend toward refinement and specialization in imported consumption is increasingly evident. Consumer demand for imported goods has shifted from satisfying broad needs to precisely solving specific pain points. In 2025, the industries with the densest influx of new brands on Tmall Global were health, beauty and personal care, and maternal and infant. Within the maternal and infant industry, the infant and child food track was the hottest, with new brand entries surging by 128%. Within the health industry, the two segmented tracks of precision nutrition and oral anti-aging attracted the most merchants. Facing the strong rise of domestic beauty brands, overseas brands chose to avoid direct competition and seek opportunities in the personal care track, with the number of new personal care brands growing by 37%, more than half of which positioned themselves in hair care. Entering 2026, this trend has further deepened, with "fine care" becoming the most distinct theme of imported consumption in the first half of the year.
Data from the "SMZDM" platform also reflects this trend. From January to August 2026, the GMV (gross merchandise value) of Dyson brand-related products on the platform increased by 236.8% year-on-year, the GMV of outdoor backpack brand OSPREY products increased by 173.1% year-on-year, and brands such as Philips and Progaine also maintained relatively fast growth. "The growth of these brands shows that users' interest in overseas and imported products falls more on specific usage scenarios and clear product value, such as improvement of family life and outdoor travel experiences, rather than remaining at the level of brand origin itself," Zhang Zhao said.
Swisse is likewise a typical representative of this "localized operation in China." "Over the past 10 years, the biggest changes in Chinese consumers can be summarized in two keywords — 'refinement' and 'quality orientation,'" said Wu Weicong, marketing director of Swisse. On the one hand, consumers' focus has shifted from "whether to supplement" to "what to supplement, how to supplement, and whether it suits oneself." People of different ages, different lifestyles, and different health goals are all seeking more precise nutritional solutions. On the other hand, consumers' decision-making has become more rational, placing increasing importance on the market reputation a brand has accumulated over the long term and whether a product can withstand market validation.
"Chinese consumers not only pay attention to where a product comes from, but also to whether the product truly possesses stable, transparent, and verifiable quality assurance. This also exactly matches the full-chain high-quality service philosophy we have always adhered to," Wu Weicong said.
Hu Yifan, who works in cross-border purchasing, said: "In the past, daigou sold 'what you couldn't buy'; now consumers want 'buying well.' With the development of artificial intelligence, language communication has become more convenient, and young Chinese consumers have begun to compare quality, design, and prices on a global scale. Once this huge consumer group matures, it will certainly be even more remarkable."
By: 本报记者 王 珏
The artifact as a whole takes the form of a flower cluster, with golden blossoms piled upon one another in a mass of floral splendor. Most of the flowers have six petals, with pistils inlaid with pearls or affixed with small silver bubbles. At the top of the flower cluster stands a golden moth with spread wings, appearing to gently flutter its wings as if about to take flight. A silver filament draws a spread-winged flying moth woven from gold thread, with both the moth's eyes and body decorated with pearls.
Inside the exhibition hall of "Li Jingxun and Her Era," currently on display at the National Museum of China (中国国家博物馆), the cultural relic — the golden hairpin with the buzzing moth ornament (闹蛾金钗) — has drawn countless visitors who come specifically to see it. The owner of this buzzing-moth golden hairpin was a young girl named Li Jingxun who lived more than 1,400 years ago. Her great-grandfather was General of Agile Cavalry of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, her grandfather was Supreme Pillar of State of the Sui Dynasty, her maternal grandfather was Emperor Xuan of Northern Zhou, Yuwen Yun, and her maternal grandmother Yang Lihua was both Empress of Northern Zhou and the eldest legitimate daughter of Emperor Wen of Sui, Yang Jian. After 9-year-old Li Jingxun unfortunately fell ill and died young, her grief-stricken maternal grandmother held a funeral for her that exceeded her rank. The exquisiteness of the golden hairpin attests to her status and position.
The "buzzing moth" (闹蛾) is related to the Lantern Festival custom of "moths playing with fire." Because moths are highly prolific, it also carries the blessing of "many children, much happiness, and endless continuation of life." It is understood that the production of the golden hairpin involved such procedures as hammering, cutting, drawing, weaving, and soldering. The largest of the six-petal flowers measures approximately 10 millimeters in diameter, and the round gold wire used for the moth's wings has a diameter of 0.2 millimeters. This exhibition marks the first public appearance of this exquisite artifact after cultural relic preservation staff spent several months systematically restoring it.
Around the exhibition, the National Museum of China has launched a Li Jingxun series of cultural creative products. Among them, the buzzing-moth golden hairpin refrigerator magnet has become exceptionally popular. Liao Fei (廖飞), head of cultural creative products at the National Museum of China, said the refrigerator magnet was inspired precisely by this "star artifact" in the exhibition. "Interestingly, when design work began, the artifact was still in the restoration stage, and no one had seen its complete appearance. Designers could only rely on pre-restoration photographs to imagine it. After the artifact was fully restored and placed side by side with the refrigerator magnet we designed for comparison, the degree of restoration was extremely high," Liao Fei said. "The process of continuously exploring through imagination is itself the best inspiration."
Speaking of the original design intent, Liao Fei frankly stated that the market positioning of the Li Jingxun cultural creative series targets female groups, young groups, and all people who love beauty. "We positioned the refrigerator magnet as a 'new Chinese-style trendy item' that can be worn in daily life, rather than a bulky ornament or a homogenized souvenir," Liao Fei said. In particular, the goal was to combine "practicality" with "aesthetic appeal." The refrigerator magnet as a whole comes with magnetic attraction and can serve as refrigerator decoration. When assembled with the accompanying hairpin component, it can be worn daily as a hair ornament. The golden moth component at the top can be detached separately and, with a magnetic clasp attached, transforms into a brooch or badge. It also carries an AR (augmented reality) interactive function — scanning the refrigerator magnet with a mobile phone shows on the screen the effect of oneself "wearing" the buzzing-moth golden hairpin.
It is understood that the buzzing-moth golden hairpin refrigerator magnet currently sells an average of 2,000 units per day at the National Museum of China. At the inaugural China New Cultural Creative Market, this refrigerator magnet adopted a limited daily sales model of 180 units, selling out just 50 minutes after the event opened, with visitors lining up an hour in advance every day. "One object, three uses" and "divine restoration" have become common phrases in visitor reviews. Chen Chen (陈晨), born after 2000, told reporters: "It is extremely exquisite and ingeniously designed. Besides serving as a refrigerator magnet, it can also be worn as a hair ornament or a brooch."
Liao Fei introduced that the Li Jingxun cultural creative series covers jewelry, dressing mirrors, plush merchandise, and has also boldly ventured into the pet cultural creative track. All products are designed and developed with the core concepts of refined craftsmanship and high aesthetic appeal, while also carrying practical value. For example, the Li Jingxun cultural creative bracelet reproduces the elegance of pearls paired with turquoise, while the cultural creative necklace highlights the aristocratic air of staggered gemstones.
From a golden hairpin in the hair of a young girl of the Sui Dynasty to a "trendy item" on the refrigerator of a contemporary young person — Liao Fei said that the love of beauty has not changed in a thousand years. "We are simply restoring the beauty of cultural relics into the daily life of ordinary people. From ancient times to the present, people have always held a strong longing for refined and beautiful things. This heartfelt affection is the most genuine and stable consumer purchasing power," Liao Fei said.
Return to TopBy: 陈明明
North of Quzhou city in Zhejiang, there is a small village called Huangmeng, hidden deep in the Qianligang mountain range. Here, mountain ridges layer like folding screens, verdant green everywhere one looks, a clear stream gurgling past, with houses scattered along both banks.
Entering the village, one sees a signpost for the "Former Residence of Jiang Wenhuan." Climbing the stone steps, an old house built of cobblestones stands peacefully. Pushing open the door, the wooden bed, table, and wardrobe remain just as they were in those days.
Beside the old house is an exhibition hall. Inside, it displays not only the life story of martyr Jiang Wenhuan but also the family letters he wrote to his wife, Cheng Zhengjia. The yellowed pages carry his sincere and profound inner reflections: "Ambition is not generated by oneself, but is achieved through external pressure and guidance. So if we can make good use of our hardships, we should not only refrain from cursing them or detesting them, but should be grateful; without this driving force, I fear we would not be constantly striving upward, endeavoring to fight for a bright future and future happiness. We have hope, but hope alone is useless; at most it can give you the satisfaction of vast empty fantasies. Our most important point is whether there is a road that can lead us to that promised land."
This is not private whisperings — it is a cry rising from the mountain hollow, yearning toward a farther horizon.
This ambition had already taken shape when Jiang Wenhuan walked out of the mountains. He was intelligent from childhood. After graduating from primary school, he dropped out to help with farm work at home, and only after repeated requests was he allowed to return to school, where he was admitted to the then Quzhou Middle School. There, he met Cheng Zhengjia and also encountered a broader world. With youthful vigor and a pen that stirred thunder, he wrote articles such as "Conscription" and "Autumn Harvest" that exposed old society. In the autumn of 1941, when KMT secret service agents on campus suppressed students, he indignantly united his schoolmates to raise a wave of resistance. As a result, he was labeled an "unstable element" by the KMT authorities and expelled along with several other student leaders.
The iron hooves of the Japanese army pressed close to Quzhou. In May 1942, Jiang Wenhuan, together with classmates Cheng Zhengjia, Wang Haoran, and Zha Liangyong (Jin Yong), traveled westward together, making a circuitous journey to Chongqing. Later, he was admitted to the Southwest Associated University, while Cheng Zhengjia entered Chongqing Women's Normal College. On the campus of the Associated University, he came into contact with many progressive figures and witnessed again and again how the backbone of intellectuals remained straight under the rule of power. With the "December First" massacre in Kunming and the successive assassinations of Li Gongpu and Wen Yiduo, one bloody case after another let him see more clearly the nature of the KMT reactionaries, and made him ponder where to go.
After the Southwest Associated University "closed in victory," Jiang Wenhuan entered the Department of Western Languages at Peking University to continue his studies. In Beiping, he always stood at the forefront of the student movement, reading works by Mao Zedong, the Selected Works of Lenin, and other books, exposing the reactionary misdeeds of the KMT authorities with sharp writing. He participated many times in parades against the reactionary rule of the KMT. In the exhibition hall there is a black-and-white photograph: Jiang Wenhuan, arm raised high in a shout, walking at the very front of the parade, with the banner reading "Peking University" overhead fluttering like a flag.
The tempering of struggle made Jiang Wenhuan's faith ever more steadfast. In a letter he told his wife: "Besides my change in thought, if there is an opportunity, I will also carry out a revolution in action — that is, if there is a chance, I will go to the liberated areas, to that most luminous place!" And he made an agreement with his wife to go to the liberated areas together: "Of course, if I go, we go together; I will never abandon you to pursue the light alone. If I go and you do not, then one in the light and one in darkness, the suffering of separation and longing would be absolutely unbearable. My confidence in socialism is very strong, and I clearly understand that our future life, career, development of prospects, and the raising and happiness of our children and descendants can only find support, protection, and the possibility of achievement under that ideal, under that system."
But fate turned abruptly. Jiang Wenhuan's lung disease suddenly relapsed, and the plan to go to the liberated areas was forced to be shelved. The two returned to Quzhou. Cheng Zhengjia was hired as an English teacher at Jiangshan County Middle School, and Jiang Wenhuan, after his health somewhat recovered, also stood on the podium of the same school. In class, he used the texts to sow sparks of fire, explaining Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation and loudly proclaiming "Give me liberty, or give me death," igniting flames in the hearts of the young students.
At Jiangshan County Middle School, they were reunited with Lin Weiyan, a classmate from their Quzhou Middle School days. Through her introduction, they met Gao Zhan, a Party member of the Urban Work Department of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Gao Zhan's words awakened them: "Going to the liberated areas is revolution, going up the mountains to fight guerrilla warfare is also revolution, and staying in Jiangshan — this lair of the 'Three Maos and One Dai' (Mao Sen, Mao Wanli, Mao Renfeng, Dai Li) secret agents — to make revolution has even more special significance." In November 1947, Jiang Wenhuan, Cheng Zhengjia, and Lin Weiyan together took the oath to join the Chinese Communist Party. They established the Jiangshan County Middle School Party Branch, actively carried out work, developed multiple Party members, and strengthened the Party organization's forces.
In 1948, the sparks of revolution spread across all of Quzhou. Jiang Wenhuan united progressive teachers and students to establish the Quzhou Central Branch of the Urban Work Department of the Fujian-Zhejiang-Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party, serving as its secretary. Though afflicted with lung disease, he never stopped. He organized the establishment of a secret printing point where the mimeograph machines turned day and night, and propaganda materials such as On Coalition Government and The Present Situation and Our Tasks turned into silent cries that echoed again and again in the dark night.
The War of Liberation advanced with the force of a splitting bamboo. Higher authorities planned to form the Pucheng-Jiangshan-Qu County guerrilla detachment, and Jiang Wenhuan again took up the heavy responsibility of organizing the Qu County guerrilla brigade. On January 23, 1949, Jiang Wenhuan, carrying secret documents and propaganda materials, went with Lin Weiyan to Zhangshutan, detouring to Jiuhua Mountain to reorganize the armed forces, but was ambushed and captured by secret agents at Xi'anmen Wharf and thrown into prison.
In prison, Jiang Wenhuan, already afflicted with lung disease, was tortured several times until his breath was as faint as a thread. The enemy used both threats and bribes, forcing him to reveal the organization and the list of Party members, but he clenched his jaw and would not utter a single word. His cell was separated from Lin Weiyan's by only one wall, and the two conversed in English, encouraging each other and persisting in the struggle. With their flesh and blood, they protected the underground Party organization in western Zhejiang. Jiang Wenhuan encouraged his fellow prisoners: "Sacrificing one's life counts for nothing; it is only that a cause (referring to organizing guerrilla armed forces) has just begun and cannot be continued — that is regrettable!" How he longed to personally lead the guerrilla forces onto the battlefield to annihilate the enemy.
Before his sacrifice, Jiang Wenhuan entrusted a fellow prisoner to secretly smuggle out a family letter — just a few words, the last message left for his wife: "Do not fall ill because of me; take good care of the children." There were no grand heroic words, only the softest牵挂 (concern) of a husband and father. In mid-April 1949, Jiang Wenhuan, Lin Weiyan, Li Zizhen, Wang Duoxiang, Zheng Nanxuan, and Gao Shouhua — six Communist Party members — were secretly executed, never able to see with their own eyes the liberation of Quzhou.
After the founding of New China, Jiang Wenhuan and the other five were posthumously recognized as martyrs, known as the "Six Martyrs of Quzhou." Their names are forever engraved in the red annals of western Zhejiang.
Walking out of the exhibition hall, I look back at the continuous Qianligang mountains. Wind surges from the mountain hollow, as if still carrying the battle cries of the revolutionaries of those days. That cry has not faded; it is hidden in the growth rings of the trees, in the rises and falls of the stream, and in the depths of the gaze of that mountain village youth as he gazes at the mountains.
By: 董雪丹
Reading Renjian Cihua (Poetic Remarks in the Human World) again and again feels like conversing with a sincere and profound scholar, who tells me that writing poetry, writing ci, and writing prose all come down to one word: "truth" — to be real, to be sincere, to be genuine in temperament, to transcend technique and reach straight into the human heart.
"Therefore, those who can depict true scenes and true feelings are said to possess a realm of artistic conception. Otherwise, they are said to lack it." Wang Guowei extolled the depiction of true scenes and true feelings, and articulated the qualities that works with true scenes and true feelings should possess: "The works of great masters, when expressing emotion, must penetrate the heart and refresh the spirit (沁人心脾, qìn rén xīn pí - "to seep into the heart and spleen," to move one deeply); when depicting scenes, they must open the eyes and ears. Their words emerge spontaneously, without any trace of affectation or artifice. This is because what they see is true, and what they know is deep." After reading this, it feels as though a ruler has been placed in my heart — one that can measure the depth and shallowness, the height and lowness, of any work — and I have gained more confidence in my judgment and understanding of what makes poetry, ci, and prose "good," and in how one ought to write.
The "true scenes" that Wang Guowei speaks of are not a superficial "formal resemblance," but rather scenes that, having passed through the selection and discernment of the "self," convey a truth and spiritual vitality inherent in life itself. For example, in the line "The morning sun dries last night's rain on the lotus leaves; on the water's clear surface, round and smooth, one by one the wind-lifted lotus blooms rise," Wang Guowei praised it as "capturing the spiritual essence of the lotus." "True feelings" mean genuine temperament without falseness or pretense — the natural outpouring of a "childlike heart." Because of this truth, the uniquely personal joys and sorrows written by poets and ci composers can reach directly into the shared emotions of all humanity.
This ruler of "truth" can measure not only poetry and ci, but also all things — and the human heart.
Take, for instance, the lotus and other plants and grasses so often written about in ci poetry. Although they are depicted as "true scenes," the poet does not write of flowers and grasses for their own sake, but rather uses them to speak of a childlike heart — they are the vessel in which the poet lodges his true self. Extending this further, "truth" is not merely the standard by which we examine ci and other verse forms; it is also a way of viewing heaven and earth, of examining life, and of treating people and affairs: some people find their feelings in mountains and waters, and every mountain, river, lake, and sea they traverse leaves an echo in their soul; some people love writing, and between the lines they pour out truth, goodness, and beauty; some people love cooking, and in the delicious flavors lies their love for family; some people are devoted to running, and every footprint is a mark of genuine perseverance. And there are those who tend flowers, feed fish, sing, drink tea... In devoting oneself to any beloved pursuit, one must deliver one's true self.
Take myself as an example: I love flowers, plants, and trees. When I look at them, I do not merely use my eyes — I am also moved in my heart. To converse with plants and grasses, one must of course have a sincere heart. The grass and trees around us, if merely "noticed" in passing, remain far removed from "true scenes." Only by slowing one's steps and gazing upon them with an unruffled heart can one see the original nature of the plants and the great beauty that speaks without words. If one loves plants and grasses with "true feelings," they will respond in their own wordless language, allowing one to find stillness amid the clamor.
Interestingly, when one looks with a sincere heart, one can see not only the bright, swaying flowers that grow in high places, but also many small, unremarkable flowers and grasses in low places. Take, for example, the Trigonotis peduncularis: its flowers are as small as grains of rice. When you look down at it, it is merely the most ordinary of grasses. But if you are willing to bend down, to look at it at eye level or even from below, you will discover its beauty that is not readily revealed: five tiny blue petals surrounding an even smaller pale-yellow center, the blue gradually fading and turning white from the edge of the flower toward the middle, set off by the tiny light-yellow pistil. Such a minuscule flower, yet possessing such rich color, so elegant and delicate. Only by truly loving it can one lower oneself — lower than even a blade of grass — and thereby truly see into the heart of a small flower, see it in full bloom.
Wang Guowei said that those who "can depict true scenes and true feelings" are said to "possess a realm of artistic conception." Throughout the ages, those who truly "possess a realm" have often achieved accomplishments that reach beyond artistic talent. Not only can they depict true scenes and true feelings, they can also, in a troubled and complex world, live out their genuine temperament. They are people who enter life with a sincere heart, and who can also step outside life to examine it. This single word "truth" — from the writing of prose to the conduct of one's life — is worthy of our careful contemplation and savoring.
Return to TopBy: 吴春富
The lustrous white, crisp-tender Gorgon fruit (鸡头米), stewed together with silver ear fungus. Steam rises in wisps, the sweet fragrance of the Gorgon fruit enters the nostrils. Scoop a spoonful into the mouth, gently bite, the delicate texture melts between lips and teeth, and the dryness of early autumn dissipates 悄无声息 (qiāo wú shēng xī - "quietly without sound," silently and imperceptibly).
"Most of all in Jiangnan's autumn, the eighth month, Gorgon fruit rivals pearls in roundness." The Gorgon fruit newly on the market in early autumn, carrying the clarity of lake water, offers a season's freshness and sweetness. Silver ear fungus stewed with Gorgon fruit lets the lake's pure essence absorbed within the fruit release bit by bit, and the broth naturally becomes sweet and delicious. If one adds a small spoonful of rock sugar, the intertwining sweetness would curl the tip of the tongue.
The autumn Gorgon fruit, crisp and sweet, is stir-fried together with shrimp and peas. The iron wok becomes a stage, the Gorgon fruit the leading role, oil and salt the props. Heat the wok until scorching hot, the shrimp appear first, stir-fry until slightly changed in color, then remove. At this point the Gorgon fruit takes the stage, stir-fried over high heat, then add the peas and stir-fry together, and finally return the shrimp and stir-fry together, as if all the performers have made their appearance.
With the charm of the lake country, a plate of stir-fried Gorgon fruit is served. The Gorgon fruit is crisp white, the shrimp tender pink, the peas fresh green, the colors variegated, dazzling everyone's eyes. The original flavors of lake delicacies and seasonal vegetables burst forth together, the compound freshness falls into the depths of the throat, and the stomach and intestines that had been sluggish all summer immediately feel comfortable and refreshed.
Gorgon fruit also gives one a clear moistness from nature that nourishes body and mind. Scoop a bowl of millet into the rice cooker, add a dozen or so Gorgon fruits freshly harvested from the lake, press the porridge button, and in an hour, a small pot of warm and moist Gorgon fruit millet porridge is done. While drinking the porridge, take a bite of pickled water caltrop greens, the stomach feels comforted, and the mouth and tongue produce saliva.
Gorgon fruit boiled in plain water alone, with its 原汁原味 (yuán zhī yuán wèi - "original juice, original flavor," authentic and unadulterated), best brings out its fragrance. In childhood, after the Beginning of Autumn, the summer heat on the body had not yet dissipated, and boils and heat sores kept appearing. Father found Gorgon fruit and had mother boil the water for me to drink. Boiled over high heat, then cooled, I held up the blue-rimmed bowl and drank it all in one go, the sweetness as if rock sugar had been added. Perhaps it was the efficacy of the Gorgon fruit, perhaps it was the season, but within a few days, all the fire toxins on my body had dispersed.
The comfort in ordinary days comes precisely from the generous gifts of the lake region's natural bounty.
"In the dog days the pond boils, Gorgon fruit is beautiful and can be cooked. The fragrant pouch splits open like brocade, jade fingers peel bright pearls." The Song dynasty poet Tao Bi's (陶弼) verses depict the freshness and moistness of Gorgon fruit and the labor of picking and peeling with lightness and elegance, even somewhat tempting. In the first month of autumn, the Gorgon fruit has a bountiful harvest, jade-plate-like Gorgon leaves spread across the lake surface, harvest wooden boats slowly plow through a lake of green leaves, women picking Gorgon fruit in colorful clothing scattered here and there, a vivid water-country autumn harvest scene.
The ritual sense of autumn does not necessarily require ordering a cup of milk tea. For me, it only requires placing a small dish of Gorgon fruit on the small round table in the living room. Pick up one Gorgon fruit and put it in the mouth, outside the window autumn light slowly flows, vaguely reflecting the scene of the lake fields — women wearing plastic gloves, bending over to part the broad Gorgon leaves, 小心翼翼 (xiǎo xīn yì yì - "small heart, cautious," extremely careful) picking the Gorgon buds covered with sharp thorns at the top. Suddenly I understand that this mouthful of clear flavor was obtained with such difficulty.
In an instant, what spreads in the bottom of my heart is no longer just the sweetness and moistness of Gorgon fruit and the ritual sense of autumn...
Return to TopBy: 叶发永
The gun, found the gun
Comrade, found the comrade
Faith, found the faith
Hand clasped with hand
Clenched into a fist, raised
Like declarations, like exclamation marks
Red flags unfurl in the wind
Mountains line up in ranks
Pine waves cheer
Wildflowers along the way bloom into smiling faces
"The Red Army fears not the trials of the Long March, ten thousand waters and a thousand mountains are but idle ease"
A leader with a Hunan accent
Reciting verses
Turns a new page in history...
Oil painting Xintianyou (信天游), by Wu Yongnian, in the collection of the National Art Museum of China.
Return to TopBy: 周蓬桦
The car sped along the coastal highway and stopped before the beach. Before my eyes appeared a wondrous faint glow; a gentle breeze stirred the green waves, and by my ears rang the chirping of azure-winged magpies in bursts.
The forest park sits right next to a stretch of sandy beach. The sea was coming in with the tide; faint sounds of the waves mingled with the laughter of visitors drifted over. Beneath my feet the sand was soft, warm, and moist, and occasionally a small squirrel darted out from under the fallen leaves. Walking through a green corridor, I watched birds rise and land among the branches and leaves. Entering deep into the grove, the profusion of plants and trees before my eyes was almost too much to take in. Fond of soft cattail grass as I am, I found a patch of cattails and lay down; the sliver of blue sky swaying overhead carried me back to a childhood long left behind.
Master Yu, the forest ranger at the forest park, told us: "This place used to be a stretch of puddles, overgrown with wild grass. In summer the mosquitoes buzzed around, and nobody ever came here."
After some conversation, we learned that Master Yu is a retired veteran worker of the forest farm. Unable to sit idle, he had volunteered to serve as a guide at the forest park. I touched his palm — it was like gravel, calloused and strong, forming a sharp contrast with his head of white hair. Every day, in his authentic Rizhao, Shandong dialect, Master Yu tells visitors about the past and present of this forest park — because he personally experienced so many of the events, once the thread of the story is pulled, he talks on and on without stopping.
Master Yu said that many years ago, the locals called this place Dashawa, the Big Sand Hollow. As the name suggests, there was much sand, the terrain was low-lying, and it was too close to the sea — when the tide rose and fell, or during the rainy season, water pooled everywhere, and crops and trees could hardly survive. A saying circulated locally: Dashawa had three "treasures" — flying sand, sea fog, and biting midges. Called "treasures," they were in fact "scourges." In winter and spring, when the wind rose, the sand moved with the wind, and all one saw was yellow sand; you could not keep your eyes open while working. Black fog often rose over the sea, and the salt carried in the sea fog corroded the crop seedlings; once the sun came out, the leaves withered. The "biting midges" referred to a kind of stinging insect here that swarmed onto people's bodies in droves — let alone working, you could not even stand steady.
After the Dashawa Forest Farm was established, the work of sand control and afforestation officially began. In the first year, a batch of black pine seedlings was planted, but after a heavy rain soaked the ground, the accumulated water drowned the roots, and almost none survived. The forest farm workers were not discouraged; year after year they kept trying to plant. At last, based on the actual conditions of much sand and much water, people found a path of planting grass to fix the sand. They dug drainage ditches, and used the dug-out sand to raise the level of the terraced fields; with the platforms raised, the water table dropped, making it suitable for trees to survive. First they planted grass on the barren flats, then planted black pines, gradually improving the planting methods and increasing the variety of trees — and in this way a windbreak forest grew up on the sandy mounds. Whenever violent rain and fierce wind came, or the sea surged, this belt of forest stood as a barrier.
Today, the former Dashawa has been transformed into a vibrant national forest park. "Many kinds of birds roost here. When autumn comes, hares and squirrels run all over the place — it makes people so happy there are no words for it!" Master Yu's face was full of joy.
Standing in the forest park, fresh air emanates from among the branches and leaves. I suddenly wanted to let out a shout, to let my voice pierce the vast sea of trees, pierce the hard years of the past — but the sound rolled twice at my Adam's apple and returned the way it came, replaced by the sound of the forest waves. Countless superimposed images appeared before my eyes: in the early morning, elderly people strolling and practicing shadowboxing on the forest paths; in the evening, people sitting on the beach at the edge of the woods, watching the setting sun sink into the sea; on weekends, parents bringing their children to pick pinecones under the pines; on holidays, visitors walking through the forest, watching sunlight pass through the branches and leaves, scattering specks of gold...
Just beyond the woods is the sea. The waves are gentle and the beach is wide, the sand fine and smooth; stepping on it, one feels a quiet contentment. Gazing out at the sea, my ears still rang with the old ranger's words — "Plant the trees one by one, and the forest will grow up." Trees know gratitude to the land, and people know reverence for the mountains and the sea. This forest has witnessed the rebirth of a stretch of land. The sea wind remains the same, blowing in year after year from the Yellow Sea.
Return to TopBy: 李育善
An old brother's father-in-law passed away, and I went to pay my respects. The old man was 99, which counts as a "happy funeral." When I saw the sister-in-law, she showed us a video from a few days earlier, in which the old man was 红光满面 (hóng guāng mǎn miàn - "red glow fills the face," radiant with health). The sister-in-law said the old man ate braised pork belly every day, smoked two cigarettes, and drank a few sips of liquor. Suddenly his heart failed; he said he was done for, and immediately passed away peacefully.
As the sister-in-law spoke, tears flowed. I comforted her: "You and the old brother have already fulfilled your filial duty. Whatever the old man wanted to eat, whatever he wanted, you brought it to him right away — that's filial enough." She said, gratified: "While the old man was alive, I never dared to leave Xi'an all these years, for fear that I wouldn't care for him well enough and would have regrets in my heart." She wiped her tears and added: "My second daughter works in the UK. Last year, when her maternal grandmother passed away, I thought the distance was too far and didn't tell the child. She has been complaining, saying I deprived her of her right to know. This time I told her. She has already called, asking her sister's husband to pick her up at Xi'an airport this afternoon."
I couldn't help but think of my daughter.
The year my daughter graduated from university, when her mother was tidying up the family bookshelf, she found the cloth tiger my daughter had played with as a child — the one my mother had sewn for her back then. My daughter adored it; every night when she slept, she had to hold it in her arms. Her mother said, "Our daughter is all grown up now. Let's give this cloth tiger to the grandnephew. The child is four or five — just the right age to play with it."
As soon as the little grandnephew saw the cloth tiger, he was 爱不释手 (ài bù shì shǒu - "love, not release hand," to be so fond of something one can't bear to put it down). He carried it in and out every day, sometimes "feeding" it chocolate, sometimes combing its curly fur. Unexpectedly, when my daughter came back and learned of this, her face darkened: "It's my thing — why did you give it away without telling me?"
Her mother said: "You've grown up; you haven't played with it for ages. Keeping it is useless. That cloth tiger is old too — in several places it's worn and gone fuzzy. Besides, your sister's child likes it."
My daughter said: "The cloth tiger was made by my grandmother's own hands. Grandmother is gone; keeping it is a keepsake for me." As she spoke, she wiped her tears. Her mother hurriedly handed her a tissue, but she didn't take it; she pulled a tissue from her own pants pocket to wipe her tears.
Later, I was busy with work and forgot about this. Her mother said: "Our daughter is very thoughtful. She took her sister's son to the mall and said whatever toy the child liked, she would buy it, but with one condition: the cloth tiger would be returned to her. She also told her little nephew how the cloth tiger came to be and why she wanted it back. She said it all in words the child could understand."
One day, my niece's youngest son came to my house to play, and climbed up to my ear and whispered: "Grandpa, Little Aunt's cloth tiger is for when she misses Great-Grandma. No one can take it."
My daughter wiped the cloth tiger clean with a damp cloth and, 小心翼翼 (xiǎo xīn yì yì - "small heart, cautious cautious," very carefully), placed it in her cabinet. Her mother deliberately asked: "Daughter, how did you get it back from the child?" She raised an eyebrow and said: "The little nephew returned it of his own accord."
A friend's son, in third grade of elementary school, once when we met, insisted on giving us a lesson on the Civil Code. He explained it 头头是道 (tóu tóu shì dào - "every head is a way," to speak clearly and logically), for example, he said, his mother secretly took his New Year's money without telling him — that is infringement. His grandmother used to say he was fished out of the Dan River (丹江); that's lying, not telling the truth — obviously he was born from his mother's belly. Not treating a little man as a person — is that illegal or not? He was 一本正经 (yī běn zhèng jīng - "one copy, proper classic," to be solemn and serious), and everyone nodded and laughed as he spoke.
The old brother's second daughter came back. First she offered incense and kowtowed to her maternal grandfather, then stood in front of her grandfather's portrait in a daze for a while. After wiping away her tears, she came over and sat down to chat with us.
This girl grew up under our watch, and she speaks freely. Speaking of her maternal grandmother's passing, she wiped her tears and complained: "Uncles, be the judges: when my grandmother died, my mother didn't tell me — that was her fault, right? If she had told me, and I didn't come back, that would be my business. But she didn't tell me, and closed the door of my right to know — isn't that her fault?" The sister-in-law nodded repeatedly and said: "Yes, yes, it's Mommy's fault..."
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