Summary: A Politburo meeting was held on August 29, presided over by Xi Jinping, to review the "Regulations on Ideological and Political Work of the Communist Party of China" and to discuss the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Promoting Ethnic Unity and Progress (Draft)." The meeting emphasized the importance of Xi Jinping Thought in ideological work and the need to strengthen ethnic unity under the Party's leadership, solidifying the concept of a Chinese national community. The meeting also stressed prioritizing the safety of the people, focusing on disaster prevention and production safety. There was no discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the reporting.
Summary: Xi Jinping stressed the importance of upholding the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation to improve Party conduct, which he sees as crucial for the Party's image and survival. He highlighted the need for consistent effort to combat undesirable work styles and build a clean and disciplined Party. A meeting of the Central Party Building Work Leading Group, headed by Cai Qi and attended by Li Xi, conveyed Xi's directives and discussed consolidating the achievements of the study and education campaign on the Eight-Point Regulation. The meeting emphasized the need for continuous efforts to identify and resolve issues related to work style and to strengthen supervision and discipline.石泰峰、李书磊、穆虹 also attended the meeting.
Summary: The CCP Central Committee General Office circulated a notice from the Central Propaganda Department and the Central Organization Department regarding the study of "Xi Jinping: On Governance," Volume V. The volume contains 91 reports, speeches, talks, addresses, articles, and instructions by Xi Jinping from May 2022 to December 2024, divided into 18 topics. It highlights the Party's efforts to promote high-quality development and high-level opening up amidst a complex international environment. The notice emphasizes the importance of studying the volume to enhance understanding of Xi Jinping Thought and its role in advancing socialist modernization and contributing to a shared future for mankind. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this article.
Summary: The 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit, the largest in its history, will be held in Tianjin, China. Xi Jinping emphasizes that China prioritizes the SCO in its peripheral diplomacy and aims to strengthen the organization, focusing on regional security, stability, and member states' development. China sees the SCO as a platform for multilateralism and building a community with a shared future. Xi has previously proposed initiatives within the SCO framework, including health, security, development, and cultural communities, to promote unity and cooperation. The article highlights China's role in shaping the SCO's agenda and its commitment to multilateral cooperation, while also noting that the SCO is standing against hegemony, and seeking to make economic globalization more inclusive.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang chaired a State Council executive meeting on August 29th, focusing on domestic economic and social development initiatives. The meeting addressed piloting comprehensive reforms for market-based allocation of production factors in select regions, aiming to enhance market efficiency and resource allocation. Plans were also discussed to revitalize county-level high schools and strengthen grassroots healthcare services. The meeting emphasized improving healthcare access and capabilities at the local level.
Summary: The article reports on the Party-wide campaign to study and implement the "Eight-Point Regulation" (中央八项规定) led by the Party Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core since March. Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of this campaign during inspection tours in Guizhou, Yunnan, Henan, and Shanxi and in a group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on June 30th. The campaign focuses on rectifying undesirable work styles and promoting the Party's self-revolution, and has been conducted through thorough study, problem identification, and rectification. The effort seeks to strengthen the Party's governance and ensure the successful advancement of Chinese-style modernization.
Summary: President Mirziyoyev of Uzbekistan authored an article titled "Cooperation for Global Peace and Prosperity." The article does not appear to directly address China. The article does not appear to directly address the United States or U.S.-China relations. Another article discusses historical artifacts relating to the fourteen-year War of Resistance against Japan.
Summary: The article emphasizes the "Shanghai Spirit" – mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development – as the foundation of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO). China is portrayed as a key proponent and practitioner of this spirit, with Xi Jinping consistently promoting it at SCO summits. The upcoming SCO summit in Tianjin will continue to champion the "Shanghai Spirit." The SCO's focus on counter-terrorism and security cooperation is highlighted, alongside its commitment to non-alignment and dialogue. The article also mentions the upcoming summit will release a statement regarding the 80th anniversaries of the end of World War II and the creation of the United Nations.
Summary: President of Uzbekistan discusses Uzbekistan's strategic partnership with China, highlighting their "all-weather comprehensive strategic partnership," deepened by regular dialogues with President Xi Jinping. Trade between the two countries has tripled since 2017, with plans for further increases. The President emphasizes Uzbekistan's firm adherence to the One China principle and expresses gratitude for China's support for regional cooperation in Central Asia. The article discusses the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), and the Uzbekistan president mentioned China's Global Security Initiative, the Global Development Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative. The author expressed optimism for the upcoming SCO summit in Tianjin, China.
Summary: The 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit, the largest in its history, will be held in Tianjin, China. Xi Jinping emphasizes that China prioritizes the SCO in its foreign policy and aims to strengthen the organization. China aims to promote regional security, stability, and prosperity among member states. Xi Jinping will attend the summit and will sign and release the *Tianjin Declaration* with other leaders, as well as approve the *SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years*. The summit will also include a "SCO+" meeting and is intended to strengthen the organization's role in global governance, opposing hegemony and advocating for a more equitable world order.
Summary: To commemorate the 80th anniversary of victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and World Anti-Fascist War, the State Council issued a notice listing 34 national-level memorial facilities and sites, while the Ministry of Veterans Affairs announced a list of 43 renowned anti-Japanese martyrs and heroes. These sites and individuals were selected based on their significance, scale, protection, and role in commemorating the war, including battles, notable figures (including international friends), and atrocities committed by the Japanese army. The announcement emphasizes strengthening the protection and management of these sites, promoting the study of the war and the spirit of resistance, and educating the public about the history and sacrifices made during the war. The goal is to enhance national cohesion and strive for national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization. There is no explicit discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this document.
Summary: This document lists historical sites and memorials related to China's war history, spanning multiple provinces and autonomous regions within China, as well as locations in the Philippines, Malaysia and Myanmar. The sites commemorate events such as the War of Resistance Against Japan and the contributions of overseas Chinese communities. Locations include martyr's cemeteries, former headquarters of military commands, battle sites, memorial halls, and monuments dedicated to fallen soldiers and workers. The list also contains sites connected to international figures involved in China's war efforts.
Summary: This article lists names and positions of individuals and groups recognized as heroes who died during the period of resistance against Japan. These individuals were affiliated with a range of organizations, including the Chinese Communist Party, the National Revolutionary Army, and various anti-Japanese volunteer forces. The list also includes international figures, such as a Soviet Air Force pilot and a Romanian nurse, who supported China's war efforts. One entry, Zheng Shaoyu, was the Deputy Commander of the Sino-American Air Force Joint Command. The provided information originated from the Ministry of Veterans Affairs.
Summary: At a press conference, Vice Foreign Minister Ma Zhaoxu discussed China's commitment to peaceful development and building a community with a shared future for mankind. He highlighted Xi Jinping's global initiatives and China's role in promoting multilateralism within the UN framework. Ma emphasized the importance of stable major power relations, noting Xi's communication with the U.S. President and China-EU relations. He also reiterated China's stance on Taiwan as an integral part of China based on post-WWII agreements. Finally, Ma affirmed China's dedication to global climate cooperation under the Paris Agreement.
Summary: Five leaders from different non-Communist parties met with journalists on August 29th to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan. The leaders emphasized the importance of the United Front during the war and the leading role of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in achieving victory. Several leaders highlighted the contributions of their respective parties and overseas Chinese to the war effort. Taiwanese representatives condemned the Democratic Progressive Party's (DPP) historical revisionism and promotion of "Taiwan independence" (台独). The KMT Revolutionary Committee is reportedly actively promoting cross-strait historical discussion, while the China Zhi Gong Party highlighted its members role in transporting resources from abroad.
Summary: To commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, China's publishing industry has released a series of books and literary works. These publications aim to commemorate the history, honor the martyrs, cherish peace, and create a future by promoting the spirit of the war of resistance. The publications cover historical accounts, academic research, and literature and art, highlighting the contributions of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the united efforts of the Chinese people against the Japanese. Some publications also highlight the contributions of foreign friends who supported China during the war. They also aim to refute historical distortions and separatist views regarding Taiwan's history.
Summary: Preparations are nearing completion for the commemoration of the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War at Tiananmen Square in Beijing. The square's layout features a symmetrical arrangement emphasizing the main pathway between the Monument to the People's Heroes and Tiananmen Gate. Eighty red flags adorn both sides of the square, symbolizing the anniversary. Temporary grandstands and viewing platforms have been constructed, with a total capacity exceeding 50,000 people.
Summary: The General Office of the CPC Central Committee has circulated a notice from the Central Propaganda Department and the Central Organization Department regarding the study of Volume V of "Xi Jinping: The Governance of China." The notice emphasizes the importance of studying Volume V in conjunction with Volumes I-IV to deeply understand Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Volume V covers Xi's writings and speeches from May 2022 to December 2024, focusing on China's domestic development and its role in promoting a shared future for mankind. The publication aims to further arm the party and the people with Xi Jinping Thought and to enhance international understanding of China's ideas and solutions. The document does not directly mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: China's electricity consumption hit a record high of 1.02 trillion kWh in July, a 8.6% year-on-year increase, driven by high temperatures and economic development. National Energy Administration Director Wang Hongzhi stated that the energy supply has "withstood the peak and held the bottom." This was achieved through increased power generation capacity, grid optimization including new ultra-high voltage projects, and flexible storage solutions. A cross-regional power trading mechanism was launched in July to facilitate electricity transfer between different grid operators. Demand-side measures like incentivizing off-peak consumption are also being implemented.
Summary: A nationwide "Our Festival: Qixi" themed cultural event was held to promote traditional Chinese culture and celebrate the Qixi Festival. Various activities, including traditional customs, handicrafts, lectures on healthy marriage, and cultural markets, were organized across the country to provide immersive experiences. The event was jointly organized by multiple departments, including the Central Propaganda Department's Civilization Practice Bureau, to promote values such as diligence, wisdom, faithful love, family happiness, and the pursuit of a better life, and to foster a shared spiritual home for the Chinese nation. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: The State Council has appointed Song Xiude as Director of the National Railway Administration and Liao Zhiwei as Director of the Yangtze River Water Resources Commission. Zhu Chengqing was removed from her position as Vice Minister of Water Resources, and Tang Wenhong was relieved of his duties as Assistant Minister of Commerce. The article focuses on personnel changes within the Chinese government. The United States is not discussed in the article.
Summary: The article emphasizes the ongoing importance of the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定) under the leadership of Xi Jinping, highlighting its role in Party governance and self-revolution. It reports on a study and education campaign launched in March to further implement the regulation, with Xi Jinping providing guidance during inspection tours, including to Guizhou and Yunnan, and during a Politburo study session. The campaign focuses on addressing formalism and bureaucratism, with the goal of strengthening Party conduct and ensuring the effective implementation of the Party's decisions. The article further notes that the campaign is meant to provide a strong guarantee for the mission of the Party in the new era and on the new journey of Chinese-style modernization.
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Summary: The article discusses the current state of humanoid robot development in China, highlighting advancements showcased at the 2025 World Robot Conference and the World Humanoid Robot Sports Meeting. It emphasizes that while hardware and athletic capabilities are improving, breakthroughs in "brain" development, specifically embodied intelligence (具身智能), are crucial for broader applications. Challenges remain in achieving autonomy, accuracy, and safety in general scenarios, as well as addressing ethical and cost considerations for widespread adoption. Experts estimate China's humanoid robot market could reach 870 billion RMB by 2030, with continued progress expected in the field.
Summary: Chinese scientists have developed a "bionic band-aid" using snail mucus to treat diabetic foot ulcers. The band-aid utilizes glycosaminoglycans from snail mucus, which mimics the human extracellular matrix to promote cell growth. The band-aid also incorporates tea polyphenols for antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, released based on glucose concentration. Experiments on diabetic mice showed a significantly higher regeneration rate compared to saline solution, along with reduced inflammation and bacterial colonization. The research offers a new approach to wound healing in diabetic patients.
Summary: A team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences, analyzing 3.5 grams of lunar soil from Chang'e-6, precisely dated the Apollo basin within the South Pole-Aitken Basin to 4.16 billion years ago. This discovery pushes back the start time of the solar system's "impact storm" by at least 100 million years, challenging the traditional hypothesis of a sudden increase in impact intensity. The findings indicate a gradual decline in impact flux over time, contributing to a better understanding of the early solar system's dynamics and potentially impacting our understanding of early Earth. The Apollo samples taken by the United States from the near side of the moon were previously used to estimate the age of the moon, but the new samples offer a more precise estimate due to their location in the South Pole-Aitken Basin.
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Summary: The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) summit will be held in Tianjin from August 31 to September 1, attended by President Xi Jinping and leaders from 23 countries and 10 international organizations. The article highlights the SCO's commitment to the "Shanghai Spirit" of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development. It emphasizes the SCO's achievements in consolidating security, promoting development, deepening cultural exchanges, and enhancing its international influence. The article reiterates China's commitment to multilateralism, global development, and a global security initiative. The article mentions that during this year's summit, member states will issue a joint statement commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations.
Summary: A "Perception China—China-U.S. Friendship Music Storytelling Event" was held at the Chinese Embassy in Washington, D.C., attended by over 200 people. Commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory against Japanese aggression, the event highlighted the joint efforts of Chinese and American people during World War II, especially the fight against Japanese Fascism. The event featured symphonic music combined with immersive storytelling. Attendees also visited a photo exhibition showcasing historical events such as the Flying Tigers' aid to China and the Doolittle Raid rescue. The event was co-organized by the State Council Information Office and the Chinese Embassy in the U.S.
Summary: The article emphasizes the "Shanghai Spirit" – mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development – as the core of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO). China, as the initiator and practitioner of this spirit, is highlighted for its role in promoting the SCO's development, exemplified by hosting over 100 events under the theme "The Shanghai Spirit: SCO in Action" and the upcoming 2025 summit in Tianjin. The article stresses the SCO's commitment to peaceful development, rejecting bloc politics and promoting a new type of international relations. It mentions the upcoming Tianjin summit will mark the 80th anniversary of WWII and the UN. It is also noted that the SCO promotes an alternative to a US-led world order.
Summary: A Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson condemned the Philippines for allowing Taiwan's foreign affairs head, Lin Chia-lung, to visit under the guise of a foundation leader. The spokesperson accused the Philippines of violating the One China principle and damaging Sino-Philippine relations through a series of "erroneous and provocative words and deeds" related to Taiwan. China lodged strong protests in both Beijing and Manila, urging the Philippines to adhere to the One China principle and warning of consequences for actions that undermine China's core interests. The spokesperson stated that the Philippines' actions in "trampling on China's red line" will come at a cost.
Summary: To commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, China's publishing industry has released a series of books and literary works. These works highlight the unity of the Chinese people against Japanese aggression under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Several publications focus on the historical contributions of the CPC and the Chinese people within the broader context of the World War II effort against fascism. Some of these works also address the history of Taiwan under Japanese occupation, emphasizing its integral connection to China. These publications aim to promote patriotism, historical understanding, and commemorate the sacrifices made during the war.
Summary: The Ganzhou Municipal Public Utilities Investment Holding Group is strengthening Party building to drive development, focusing on a "1+4+N" Party building brand system. This framework prioritizes the "Municipal Services for the People" concept across water, public transportation, municipal construction, and municipal investment sectors. The group operates water plants, bus lines, and undertakes infrastructure projects to improve public services such as parking, water supply, and transportation in Ganzhou. Through initiatives like the "Gantong Stop" smart parking platform, the group is addressing urban challenges and contributing to the revitalization of the old revolutionary base area. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: The article discusses exhibits at the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japan, highlighting the spirit of resistance embodied in artifacts like Mao Zedong's "On Protracted War," which guided the war effort and was translated into English and Japanese for international and intelligence purposes. The exhibits also feature items connected to revolutionary martyrs, such as Yang Jingyu's seal and Shen Zhongming's martyr certificate, illustrating their sacrifices. Additionally, the exhibition includes medical equipment from Norman Bethune, reflecting international support for China, and artifacts related to the Battle of Liulaozhuang. Finally, it showcases the "Independence and Freedom Medal," awarded to those who contributed to the war.
Summary: An exhibition titled "For National Liberation and World Peace" commemorating the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression is being held at the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, having already received over 600,000 visitors. The exhibition focuses on the leading role of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in the war against Japan, highlighting its contributions to the establishment of the Eastern main battlefield in World War II. It emphasizes China's significant role in the global fight against fascism, showcasing its support for Allied operations and its contribution to the establishment of the United Nations. The exhibition uses various artifacts, historical records, and immersive technologies to illustrate the unity and resilience of the Chinese people during the war. The exhibition aims to inspire national rejuvenation and contribute to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Summary: This short article provides contact information for submissions to the *People's Daily* forum on ideological and political work, specifically an email address: ysbjs@peopledaily.cn. It also credits Zhang Fangman for the page layout design. The article does not discuss any political statements, actions of officials, or touch upon U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article discusses the enduring appeal and importance of Chinese television dramas depicting the Sino-Japanese War. It highlights several popular series like *Bright Sword* and new releases such as *Our Rivers and Mountains*, emphasizing the heroic spirit, patriotism, and sacrifices made during the war. Actor Wang Lei discusses his role in *Our Rivers and Mountains*, focusing on the importance of grassroots mobilization and connecting with the common people. Screenwriter Gao Mantang reflects on creating *The Homecoming*, emphasizing the resilience and difficult choices faced by individuals in extreme circumstances. The article aims to inspire viewers with the spirit of these heroes and apply them to the tasks of today.
Summary: The article credits Cai Huawei for layout and design, and lists Chen Xiaojin from People's Daily Media Technology Company, Liu Kejun from People's Daily New Media Center, and Xiong Qianyu from People's Daily Digital Communication Company as responsible for the content. The article does not contain any statements or actions of an official. The article also makes no mention of U.S.-China relations.
It is necessary to give full play to the guiding role of ideological and political work, adhere to putting the use of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想) to strengthen the soul at the forefront, take ideal and belief education as the core, closely integrate with reality to strengthen learning, publicity, and education, and better unify thoughts, build consensus, strengthen confidence, and inspire fighting spirit. It is necessary to strengthen and improve ideological and political work under the new situation, adapt to the development and changes of social groups, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of the work. It is necessary to adhere to and strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership over ideological and political work, and the Party committees (Party groups) should strengthen organizational leadership and effectively implement it. All Party members, especially leading cadres, should strengthen Party spirit training, set an example in carrying out ideological and political work, and promote ideological and political work to continuously create new situations.
It is necessary to continuously consolidate the common ideological and political foundation for the unity and struggle of all ethnic groups, always adhere to the Party's comprehensive leadership, and unswervingly follow the correct path of solving ethnic issues with Chinese characteristics. It is necessary to adhere to forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, promote the construction of the Chinese national community, and further promote extensive exchanges, interactions, and integration among all ethnic groups, common unity and struggle, and common prosperity and development. It is necessary to do a good job in the formulation, promulgation, and implementation of laws, and continuously improve the ability and level of governing ethnic affairs in accordance with the law.
It is necessary to adhere to the people-centered development thought, always put the safety of people's lives first, and firmly hold the bottom line that development must not be at the expense of safety. It is necessary to accurately prevent and resolve safety risks, fully carry out emergency rescue and disaster relief, and timely and properly resettle the affected people. All regions and departments must resolutely implement the responsibility for safe production, and unremittingly grasp the various tasks of safe production and prevention of natural disasters, so as to better coordinate high-quality development and high-level security.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), August 29th. The Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) held a meeting on August 29th to review the "Regulations on Ideological and Political Work of the Communist Party of China" (中国共产党思想政治工作条例) and study the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Promoting Ethnic Unity and Progress (Draft)" (中华人民共和国民族团结进步促进法（草案）). Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央总书记), presided over the meeting.
The meeting pointed out that ideological and political work is the Party's fine tradition, distinctive feature, and prominent political advantage. The formulation and promulgation of the "Regulations on Ideological and Political Work of the Communist Party of China" (中国共产党思想政治工作条例) is of great significance for adhering to and strengthening the Party's comprehensive leadership over ideological and political work, and improving the scientific, institutionalized, and standardized level of ideological and political work.
The meeting emphasized that it is necessary to give full play to the guiding role of ideological and political work, adhere to putting the use of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想) to strengthen the soul at the forefront, take ideal and belief education as the core, closely integrate with reality to strengthen learning, publicity, and education, and better unify thoughts, build consensus, strengthen confidence, and inspire fighting spirit. It is necessary to strengthen and improve ideological and political work under the new situation, adapt to the development and changes of social groups, and enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of the work. It is necessary to adhere to and strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership over ideological and political work, and the Party committees (Party groups) should strengthen organizational leadership and effectively implement it. All Party members, especially leading cadres, should strengthen Party spirit training, set an example in carrying out ideological and political work, and promote ideological and political work to continuously create new situations.
The meeting pointed out that the purpose of formulating the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Promoting Ethnic Unity and Progress" (中华人民共和国民族团结进步促进法) is to transform the major theoretical and practical achievements made by the Party in ethnic work into the will of the state through national legislation, improve the institutional mechanism for forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, and further enhance the cohesion and centripetal force of the Chinese nation.
The meeting emphasized that it is necessary to continuously consolidate the common ideological and political foundation for the unity and struggle of all ethnic groups, always adhere to the Party's comprehensive leadership, and unswervingly follow the correct path of solving ethnic issues with Chinese characteristics. It is necessary to adhere to forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, promote the construction of the Chinese national community, and further promote extensive exchanges, interactions, and integration among all ethnic groups, common unity and struggle, and common prosperity and development. It is necessary to do a good job in the formulation, promulgation, and implementation of laws, and continuously improve the ability and level of governing ethnic affairs in accordance with the law.
The meeting also put forward requirements on further grasping the various tasks of safe production and prevention of natural disasters. The meeting emphasized that it is necessary to adhere to the people-centered development thought, always put the safety of people's lives first, and firmly hold the bottom line that development must not be at the expense of safety. It is necessary to accurately prevent and resolve safety risks, fully carry out emergency rescue and disaster relief, and timely and properly resettle the affected people. All regions and departments must resolutely implement the responsibility for safe production, and unremittingly grasp the various tasks of safe production and prevention of natural disasters, so as to better coordinate high-quality development and high-level security.
The meeting also studied other matters.
Return to TopThe Party's conduct is the Party's image, which concerns the direction of the people's hearts and the Party's survival. We must continue to focus on implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee, further exert great efforts to build the Party well, create a team with pure Party spirit and a team with strict discipline, so that our Party will always live up to the people's expectations and unite and lead the people to successfully complete the historical mission entrusted to us.
This in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee adheres to the integrated promotion of learning, inspection, and rectification, adheres to consistency from top to bottom, adheres to the unwavering strict tone, and adheres to pragmatic and precise organization and implementation. The work has been carried out solidly and achieved obvious results.
The "Four Winds" problem has stubbornness and recurrence. We must implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee with the determination and perseverance to fight a tough battle and a protracted war, promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction, and unite our efforts and work hard in a practical manner with an excellent work style to continuously create a new situation in the development of our cause.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), August 29th. Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央), President of the People's Republic of China (国家主席), and Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军委), recently issued important instructions emphasizing that the Party's conduct is the Party's image, which concerns the direction of the people's hearts and the Party's survival. We must continue to focus on implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee, further exert great efforts to build the Party well, create a team with pure Party spirit and a team with strict discipline, so that our Party will always live up to the people's expectations and unite and lead the people to successfully complete the historical mission entrusted to us.
Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out that this in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee adheres to the integrated promotion of learning, inspection, and rectification, adheres to consistency from top to bottom, adheres to the unwavering strict tone, and adheres to pragmatic and precise organization and implementation. The work has been carried out solidly and achieved obvious results.
Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that the "Four Winds" problem has stubbornness and recurrence. We must implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee with the determination and perseverance to fight a tough battle and a protracted war, promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction, and unite our efforts and work hard in a practical manner with an excellent work style to continuously create a new situation in the development of our cause. We must enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of work style education, highlighting the education and guidance of newly promoted cadres, young cadres, and cadres in key positions. We must establish and improve a mechanism for regularly discovering and solving problems, carry out genuine rectification and remediation, and continuously release a strong signal of seeing things through to the end and being strict to the end. We must strengthen supervision and discipline enforcement, focus on the daily supervision of Party organizations, effectively leverage the role of mass supervision, and promptly investigate and severely punish those who violate discipline against the wind. We must implement the political responsibility for work style construction, strictly assume responsibility, strictly manage what is under our jurisdiction, forge a good work style with iron rules, and promote Party members and cadres to start businesses, take responsibility, and create benefits for the people.
The Central Party Building Work Leading Group (中央党的建设工作领导小组) convened a meeting on the 29th to convey Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions, summarize the in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee, and study and deploy the consolidation and expansion of the achievements of the study and education, the unremitting implementation of the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee, and the promotion of the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction. Cai Qi (蔡奇), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局常委) and leader of the Central Party Building Work Leading Group (中央党的建设工作领导小组) presided over the meeting and delivered a speech. Li Xi (李希), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局常委) and deputy leader of the Central Party Building Work Leading Group (中央党的建设工作领导小组), attended the meeting and delivered a speech.
The meeting emphasized that General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions on work style construction once again profoundly expounded the importance and urgency of formulating and implementing the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee and strengthening the Party's work style construction, fully affirmed the effectiveness of the study and education, and put forward clear requirements for consolidating and expanding the achievements of the study and education, unremittingly implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee, and promoting the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction, which is of great significance for the entire Party to adapt to the situation and tasks of the new era and new journey, strengthen work style construction, and deeply promote comprehensive and strict Party governance. The entire Party must conscientiously study, understand, and fully implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions.
The meeting pointed out that under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core, all levels of Party organizations have shouldered their political responsibilities and carefully organized and implemented the in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee. The vast number of Party members and cadres have actively responded and earnestly participated, and the people have widely paid attention and enthusiastically supported it. Obvious results have been achieved in integrating the promotion of learning, inspection, and rectification, genuinely addressing prominent problems of the "Four Winds" and making up for the shortcomings of the work style construction system, and strengthening the enforcement of the system, achieving the expected goals.
The meeting emphasized that it is necessary to deeply study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech and important instructions, deepen the understanding of work style construction from a higher political standpoint, and firmly establish the ideological concept of grasping it regularly, deeply, and persistently. We must strengthen work style education in various ways, guide Party members and cadres to strengthen theoretical arming, build a solid ideological dam, and consciously develop good habits of strictly abiding by the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation of the Central Committee and its implementation rules. We must continuously correct stubborn work style problems, improve the mechanism for regularly discovering and solving work style problems, improve the penetration and effectiveness of supervision, and keep a close eye on problems that need long-term treatment without giving an inch. We must deeply promote the joint investigation and treatment of work style and corruption, and eradicate the soil for the "Four Winds" problem. We must improve the institutional mechanism for work style construction, focus on the implementation of the system, and effectively transform the results of the system into governance effectiveness. We must adhere to leading by example, strengthen strict management and strict governance, transmit pressure at all levels, and promote the implementation of various deployments and requirements for work style construction.
Shi Taifeng (石泰峰), Li Shulei (李书磊), and Mu Hong (穆虹) attended the meeting.
Members of the Central Party Building Work Leading Group (中央党的建设工作领导小组) and others attended the meeting.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), August 29th -- Recently, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央办公厅) forwarded the "Notice of the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) and the Central Organization Department (中央组织部) on Seriously Organizing the Study of 'Xi Jinping: On Governance of China' Volume V'," and issued a notice requiring all regions and departments to conscientiously implement it in light of their actual conditions.
The full text of the "Notice of the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) and the Central Organization Department (中央组织部) on Seriously Organizing the Study of 'Xi Jinping: On Governance of China' Volume V'" is as follows.
Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is a major theoretical innovation achieved by adhering to the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with the specific realities of China and with China's outstanding traditional culture. It is contemporary Chinese Marxism and 21st-century Marxism. It is the essence of Chinese culture and Chinese spirit of the times. It has realized a new leap in the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and provides a scientific guide to action for comprehensively promoting the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的二十大) profoundly expounded the rich connotation and practical requirements of the "two combinations," succinctly summarized the worldview, methodology, and the standpoints, viewpoints, and methods running through Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and put forward new requirements for opening up new horizons in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and made arrangements for unremittingly using the Party's innovative theories to strengthen the soul and build the foundation.
The publication of Volumes I to IV of "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" has played an important role in arming the mind, guiding practice, and promoting work with Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and helping the international community enhance its understanding of the Chinese path, Chinese governance, and Chinese theory. Since the publication of Volume IV of "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China," General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has further answered a series of major questions of the times concerning the development of the Party and the country in the new practice of leading the governance of the country, and enriched and developed the Party's theoretical innovation achievements with a series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new conclusions.
With the approval of the Party Central Committee (党中央), the Central Propaganda Department (State Council Information Office) (中央宣传部（国务院新闻办）) together with the Party History and Literature Research Office of the Central Committee (中央党史和文献研究院) and the China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration (中国外文局), edited "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V. This book includes 91 reports, speeches, talks, addresses, congratulatory messages, articles, and instructions by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) from May 27, 2022, to December 20, 2024, divided into 18 topics. Some works are published for the first time.
"Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V vividly records the vivid practice of the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, coordinating the domestic and international situations, fully and accurately implementing the new development concept, focusing on promoting high-quality development, planning and promoting further comprehensive deepening of reform, promoting high-level opening up, overcoming difficulties and forging ahead, and promoting the comprehensive building of a socialist modern country to take solid steps in the face of the severe and complex international environment and the arduous and heavy domestic reform, development, and stability tasks. It centrally demonstrates the latest achievements in adhering to the "two combinations" and promoting the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and fully reflects the wisdom and solutions contributed by our Party to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. It is an authoritative work that comprehensively and systematically reflects the latest achievements of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
The publication and distribution of "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V is of great significance for promoting the vast number of Party members, cadres, and the masses to further study and implement Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, more profoundly understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments," enhance the "four consciousnesses," strengthen the "four self-confidences," and achieve the "two safeguards," and unite as one to strive for the realization of the grand blueprint drawn by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的二十大); it is of great significance for helping the international community to understand the latest developments of this important thought in a timely manner, deepen the understanding of Chinese concepts, Chinese solutions, and Chinese wisdom, and work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
Conscientiously studying "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V is an important measure to arm the entire Party, educate the people, and guide practice with Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Party organizations at all levels should carefully organize and arrange to take "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V and Volumes I to IV as a whole, guide the vast number of Party members and cadres to persistently read the original works, study the original text, and understand the principles, and earnestly achieve the integration of learning, thinking, and application, and the unity of knowing, believing, and acting. The theoretical study center groups of Party committees (Party groups) at all levels should include "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V in the study plan, continuously enhance the consciousness and firmness of studying thought, understanding thought, and applying thought, and transform the learning results into practical results in starting businesses and promoting high-quality development. Party schools (administrative colleges) and cadre colleges at all levels should incorporate "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V into the important content of training and teaching, universities and colleges should take it as an important teaching material for ideological and political education, and Party lecturers at all levels, as well as new era civilization practice centers and city and county-level integrated media centers, should strengthen targeted and segmented publicity and promotion, and continuously enhance attractiveness and appeal. We must adhere to the Marxist style of integrating theory with practice, combine it with doing a good job in all aspects of reform, development, and stability, and better use Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to unify thought, unify will, and unify action, creatively implement the Party Central Committee's (党中央) various decisions and deployments, and gather the mighty force to comprehensively promote the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 陈世涵 胡泽曦
On the banks of the Hai River, sails compete. From August 31st to September 1st, the 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit will be held in Tianjin (天津). This will be the largest summit since the establishment of the SCO.
"China is willing to work with all member states to take this year's Tianjin (天津) Summit as an opportunity to consolidate and strengthen the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织), and demonstrate new development, new breakthroughs, and a new atmosphere." President Xi Jinping (习近平) attaches great importance to the development of the SCO, personally conducts head-of-state diplomacy, and leads all parties to jointly build a closer SCO community with a shared future, promoting the SCO's steady and long-term development.
Taking the Tianjin (天津) Summit as a new starting point, the SCO countries are moving into a new stage of high-quality development that is more united, more collaborative, more dynamic, and more promising. The "SCO family" is striding towards a better future.
"China always regards the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织) as a priority in its neighborhood diplomacy"
After seven years, China has once again taken over the rotating presidency, and the Tianjin (天津) Summit carries thousands of expectations.
Co-founded by China, named after a Chinese city, and with its secretariat located in China... Over the past 24 years, the SCO has weathered storms and grown stronger, imprinting deep Chinese marks.
Looking back at the path of cooperation in recent years, amidst the once-in-a-century changes and the convergence of events, how has the SCO been able to withstand the waves of the times and achieve fruitful results in win-win cooperation?
From China's perspective, the SCO is a new type of regional international organization that has grown remarkably, representing new hope for international cooperation.
Originating at the beginning of this century, at a critical moment in the evolution of the international landscape, with new ways of interacting and new concepts of cooperation, the SCO's emergence has been called "a major event that changes the global strategic landscape."
The "Shanghai Spirit" of "mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development" has broken away from the outdated logic of the alliance system's "hierarchical order," transcended the closed exclusivity of various "small circles," and conformed to the historical trend of openness and inclusiveness, which is the source of the organization's vitality and growth.
Growing stronger in the new era, the SCO has become an important practical platform for China's neighborhood diplomacy concept, and also an important stage for China to work with all parties to jointly practice true multilateralism and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
President Xi Jinping (习近平) has high expectations for the SCO: "China always regards the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织) as a priority in its neighborhood diplomacy, and is committed to consolidating and strengthening the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织), safeguarding regional security and stability, promoting the development and prosperity of member states, and building a close community with a shared future."
From the SCO's perspective on China, this founding member has always been an important leading force in the organization's development and growth.
Looking at the timeline, Chinese voices, Chinese concepts, and Chinese initiatives have left important marks on the SCO's development process:
In 2018, on the coast of the Yellow Sea, the idea of building a Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织) community with a shared future was proposed, and "establishing a common concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind" was written into the Qingdao Declaration, gathering clear goals and broad consensus for all parties to move towards the future;
In 2020, at the "cloud" summit, major initiatives to build a "community of health and hygiene," a "community of security," a "community of development," and a "community of culture" within the SCO framework were proposed, making the actions to build a Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织) community with a shared future more determined;
In 2024, in Astana, the idea of building "five common homelands" of unity and mutual trust, peace and tranquility, prosperity and development, good-neighborliness and friendship, and fairness and justice was proposed, providing guidance for countries to strengthen cooperation and achieve each other amidst the turbulent international situation;
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Since 2013, President Xi Jinping (习近平) has attended all SCO summits. Closely following changes in the international situation and focusing on the common needs of all countries, he has not forgotten the original intention of cooperation and has updated the concept of cooperation in a timely manner, allowing the construction of a better "SCO family" to move forward continuously.
Looking at this year's cooperation agenda, the word "action" is the keyword. As the rotating presidency, China is practicing the resounding slogan of "Promoting the 'Shanghai Spirit': The SCO in Action," holding more than 100 activities to promote reform and innovation in the SCO's organizational structure, rules of procedure, and international cooperation.
As former SCO Secretary-General Mezentsev said: "If the SCO is compared to a beautiful painting, China is the most beautiful color in it."
"The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation's (上海合作组织) concept is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and its development prospects are widely favored"
In today's world, unilateralism and protectionism are rampant, but the SCO's "magnetic attraction" is getting stronger and stronger. A detail can be seen: the International Cooperation Department of the SCO Secretariat, which is responsible for expansion and other affairs, is now one of the busiest departments.
With India, Pakistan, Iran, and Belarus successively joining, the number of SCO member states has reached a historic double-digit figure; Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar have been approved, and Bahrain, Maldives, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, and Myanmar have been agreed to be new dialogue partners... "More and more countries are applying to join the 'SCO family,' which fully demonstrates that the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation's (上海合作组织) concept is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and its development prospects are widely favored."
From the initial 6 member states to the current 26 countries, why can countries with different histories, cultures, social systems, and stages of development maintain unity, cooperation, and mutual benefit on the SCO platform?
The answer can be found in President Xi Jinping's (习近平) two metaphors.
One metaphor is "homeland." "The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织) is our common homeland." The word "home" gives the SCO a rare affinity and sense of belonging in international relations.
As the international situation becomes more complex and severe, countries urgently need a stable regional environment for their survival, development, and revitalization. Advocating unity and cooperation, maintaining security and stability, and promoting development and prosperity, the SCO is a "big family" that all parties can rely on when storms come.
"Security is the cornerstone of development. Without security, there is no development." Every year when attending the SCO summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasizes security cooperation. In his speeches at previous summits, the word "security" has been mentioned hundreds of times.
Plan before acting. Cooperating to combat the "three forces," accelerating the construction of a comprehensive center for responding to security threats and challenges and its subordinate institutions, building a drug control center, and holding joint anti-terrorism military exercises... Practice has shown that the SCO's ability to resolve security risks is constantly improving, and it has become an important pillar for achieving long-term regional peace and stability.
From the "dual-wheel drive" of security and economic cooperation to the multi-track approach of "four communities" (health and hygiene, security, development, and culture), and then to the construction of "five common homelands"... The areas of cooperation are expanding, the forces of progress are gathering, and the SCO is becoming a regional security guarantee, a bridge of cooperation, and a bond of friendship.
From countries and individuals, from concepts to practices, the psychological distance between members of the "SCO family" is constantly being shortened. Continuing the millennium-old cultural heritage, the "Silk Road: the Road Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor" jointly declared by China, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan has been included in the "World Heritage List"; sharing development concepts, scholar Mirzaakhmedova has translated Chinese works such as "Getting Rid of Poverty," sending China's development experience to her home country of Uzbekistan...
The other metaphor is making the "cake" bigger. "Strive to make the 'cake' of mutually beneficial cooperation bigger," focusing on making the fruits of cooperation benefit the people of all countries more and more fairly.
Promoting economic growth is the common task of regional countries. As global development challenges emerge one after another, it is even more necessary to adhere to open cooperation and mutual benefit. In recent years, the "SCO family" has promoted the implementation of a series of mutually beneficial cooperation initiatives, among which the "Belt and Road" initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平) is one of the initiatives that is widely welcomed by members and has achieved fruitful cooperation results.
Continuous borders, integrated history, and close interests have led all parties to regard the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" as an important opportunity to upgrade pragmatic cooperation. "We should continue to promote the Silk Road spirit, consolidate the public opinion foundation for friendly exchanges between countries in the region, so that the people of all countries can trust and respect each other, and jointly build a harmonious, peaceful, and prosperous homeland." As early as the 2015 Ufa Summit, the joint construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt was written into the summit declaration.
Entering the Dushanbe No. 2 Thermal Power Plant in Tajikistan, witnessing the completion of the Angren-Pap railway tunnel in Uzbekistan, and promoting the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway... Over the years, President Xi Jinping (习近平) has personally promoted the deep integration of the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" with regional cooperation initiatives and the development strategies of various countries, becoming an important engine for regional development and prosperity.
As the economy rises, new energy vehicles, photovoltaic products, and other products from China enter the Central Asian market, and Central Asian agricultural products are placed on the tables of thousands of households in China; China-Europe freight trains, international road transport system routes, and air cargo transportation are developing rapidly, and the interconnection network is becoming denser and denser... In the first seven months of this year, China's imports and exports to other SCO member states reached 2.11 trillion yuan, an increase of 3% year-on-year, and the scale reached a record high for the same period.
As the cultural wind blows, China actively establishes cultural centers, opens branches of Chinese universities, and Luban Workshops with "SCO family" members such as Central Asian countries; China and Kazakhstan, and China and Uzbekistan have achieved mutual visa exemptions; the number of friendship cities between China and Central Asian countries has exceeded 100 pairs... Frequent cultural exchanges are constantly consolidating the foundation of public opinion for the long-term development of the SCO.
"The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织) stands on the right side of history, on the side of fairness and justice, and is of vital importance to the world"
From a geographical perspective, the current SCO spans across Asia, Europe, and Africa. Today's SCO story belongs not only to the region, but also to the world.
With a population accounting for about half of the world's population and an economic aggregate accounting for about 1/4 of the global economy, the SCO not only profoundly reshapes the regional governance pattern, but also has a constructive force with important international influence on reforming and improving the global governance system.
"The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织) stands on the right side of history, on the side of fairness and justice, and is of vital importance to the world."
Looking back at World War II, countries fought together in the same trenches against fascism. In the test of blood and fire, life and death, deep friendship was condensed and a common memory was built. Remembering history and maintaining peace is the common will of the "SCO family."
At this Tianjin (天津) Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) will issue a statement with other member state leaders on the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations. Adhering to the correct view of the history of World War II and maintaining the post-war international order, the world will once again witness "SCO's responsibility."
Each generation has its own tasks, and each generation needs to have its own responsibility.
Today, standing at a new historical crossroads, facing the lingering shadow of power hegemony and frequent international and regional conflicts, how can the SCO promote the development of the global governance system in a more just and reasonable direction?
"Resolutely oppose hegemony, domineering, and bullying, and make world multipolarity more equal and orderly; adhere to joint consultation, joint construction, and sharing, and make economic globalization more inclusive and beneficial; unite and lead the Global South, promote the establishment of a more just and reasonable global governance system, and gather tremendous strength for building a community with a shared future for mankind." President Xi Jinping (习近平) looks far ahead and points out the way forward amidst the chaos.
Taking the construction of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织) community with a shared future as a driving force for building a community with a shared future for mankind, China's concepts and actions are consistent. At the Tianjin (天津) Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) will sign and issue the "Tianjin Declaration" with other member state leaders and approve the "SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years." The world is looking forward to the SCO's constructive new methods and paths for maintaining the post-World War II international order and improving the global governance system.
From "SCO" to "SCO+", the pursuit of openness and inclusiveness is further demonstrated, and the driving force of multilateral cooperation is further enhanced. A year ago, in Astana, the summit was held for the first time in the form of "Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织)+", with good friends and new partners gathering together, "which shows that the organization's concept is widely welcomed in the new era, and member states have friends all over the world." During the Tianjin (天津) Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) will host the "SCO+" meeting, and the solidarity and self-improvement of the Global South will usher in another important moment.
The vision of cooperation also extends to a wider region. Carrying out extensive cooperation with international and regional organizations such as the United Nations, ASEAN, and the Commonwealth of Independent States, the SCO has built a multi-level, wide-ranging, and three-dimensional partnership network. In 2023, the United Nations General Assembly voted to adopt the resolution "Cooperation between the United Nations and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织)." This time, the heads of 10 international organizations are also invited to the banks of the Hai River to discuss cooperation plans. Replacing closure with openness, confrontation with cooperation, and jointly responding to threats and challenges with collective strength, solidarity, and cooperation, this is a vivid interpretation of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
As the curtain of the Tianjin (天津) Summit slowly opens, a new page of cooperation is about to be written. Drawing a new blueprint for development and gathering new consensus on cooperation, the SCO giant ship will set sail again from China towards a more magnificent new voyage.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 29th (新华社北京8月29日电) Premier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) presided over an executive meeting of the State Council on August 29th to study the pilot work of comprehensive reform on market-oriented allocation of factors of production in some parts of the country, deploy the revitalization action of ordinary high schools in counties, and deliberate and approve the "Implementation Plan for Strengthening Primary-level Medical and Health Projects."
The meeting pointed out that deepening the market-oriented reform of factors of production is an important measure to build a high-level socialist market economic system and an important part of promoting the construction of a unified national market. It is necessary to continue to promote reform, give play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, promote market determination of factor prices, autonomous and orderly flow, and efficient and fair allocation. It is necessary to stimulate the innovation vitality of technology factors, promote intensive and efficient allocation of land factors, guide the rational flow of human resources factors, accelerate the cultivation and improvement of the data factor market, enhance the ability of capital factors to serve the real economy, and improve the construction of market system for resources and environment. It is necessary to focus on key areas and key links to promote reform pilots, guide pilot areas to innovate boldly in accordance with local conditions, carry out differentiated reform explorations, and accelerate the removal of institutional and mechanism barriers. It is necessary to do a good job in overall coordination and guidance services for pilot work, conduct timely summary and evaluation, and form replicable and scalable experiences and practices.
The meeting pointed out that building good ordinary high schools in counties is related to the growth and success of tens of thousands of students, especially children in rural areas. It is necessary to scientifically optimize resource allocation, accelerate the construction of ordinary high schools in counties, adapt to the urbanization process and population mobility trends, plan ahead, combine near and far, rationally determine the construction scale, and increase the supply of degrees through multiple measures. It is necessary to make up for the shortcomings in the development of ordinary high schools in counties, improve school construction standards, adhere to both hardware and software, improve teaching and living conditions, strengthen the construction of the teaching staff, implement educational digital empowerment, and comprehensively improve the level of school management. It is necessary to establish a scientific education concept, deepen teaching and evaluation reform, standardize school management behavior, and actively create a learning environment conducive to the physical and mental health and comprehensive development of students.
The meeting pointed out that the implementation of the medical and health strengthening project is related to the health and well-being of the people. It is necessary to put strengthening the functions of primary-level medical and health services in a more prominent position, further optimize service content, strengthen the capacity building of chronic disease prevention and treatment, rehabilitation care, etc., improve the diagnosis and treatment level of common and frequently-occurring diseases at the primary level, facilitate people to seek medical treatment nearby, and better meet the multi-level, diversified, and high-quality health service needs of the people. It is necessary to promote the coordinated efforts of medical, health insurance, and pharmaceutical policies, increase investment in primary-level medical and health institutions, improve medical insurance payment and other policies, expand the types of drugs used, and enhance the ability to ensure access to medical treatment at the primary level.
The meeting also studied other matters.
Return to TopBy: 新华社记者
The Central Eight-Point Regulation is a move by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core to establish credibility like moving a tree, and it is a landmark measure for governing the Party in the new era.
The Central Eight-Point Regulation is not a five-year or ten-year regulation, but a long-term effective iron rule and hard constraint.
Since March of this year, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, the entire Party has been carrying out in-depth study and education on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation. The vast number of Party members and cadres have conscientiously studied General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on strengthening the Party's work style construction, perseveringly implemented the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation details, promoted the continuous improvement of the Party's work style, and promoted the implementation of various decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, injecting a continuous and powerful force into comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
Carefully planning and providing precise guidance to promote the solid development of study and education throughout the Party.
Carrying out in-depth study and education on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation is a key task of Party building this year personally planned by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平).
Less than a week after the closing of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国两会), the study and education on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation had just begun, and General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to Guizhou (贵州) and Yunnan (云南) for inspection and research.
During the inspection, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) repeatedly talked about the far-reaching considerations of the Party Central Committee's decision to carry out this study and education:
"In recent years, the Eight-Point Regulation has indeed promoted fundamental changes, and the atmosphere has been renewed. Most of the phenomena that were difficult to reverse in the past are gone. At the same time, we must see that some places have loosened, some aspects still have blind spots and dead corners, and some unhealthy trends have rebounded. Like hammering nails, hammer a few more times, and with sustained effort, transform customs."
A new and great chapter of the new era is being written. In 2025, the "14th Five-Year Plan" (十四五) will be completed and the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五) is being planned.
At this critical time node, carrying out in-depth study and education on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation is an important measure to consolidate and deepen the achievements of the theme education on studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and Party discipline study and education, and to promote the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth. It is an inevitable requirement for close Party-masses and cadre-masses relations and consolidating the Party's ruling foundation, and it is a strong guarantee for promoting Chinese-style modernization.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) attaches great importance to this study and education, grasping the direction, providing guidance throughout the process, and personally promoting it, delivering a series of important speeches and making many important instructions and approvals, pointing out the direction for the entire Party to carry out study and education well:
During the inspection and research in Guizhou (贵州) and Yunnan (云南), he instructed that "Party organizations at all levels should deeply understand the great significance of the Party Central Committee's decision, focus on the theme, and organize the study and education in a simple and pragmatic manner, without engaging in formalism, which is what the Eight-Point Regulation opposes";
During the inspection and research in Henan (河南), he emphasized that "we must effectively turn the hard requirements for work style into hard measures and let iron rules grow iron teeth, to ensure that learning is of high quality, investigation is forceful, and rectification is effective";
During the inspection and research in Shanxi (山西), he pointed out that "we must seize and refine the follow-up work of in-depth study and education on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, the investigation of problems must be real, and the rectification measures must be practical to ensure that practical results are achieved";
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Before "July 1st" (七一) this year, on June 30, Beijing Zhongnanhai (北京中南海), the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) conducted its 21st collective study on improving the long-term mechanism for implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and correcting the "Four Winds" (四风).
At this collective study, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that self-revolution is the Party's second answer to jumping out of the historical cycle of rise and fall, and promoting comprehensive and strict Party governance by starting with work style construction is an important experience of the Party's self-revolution in the new era.
"The task of building Chinese-style modernization undertaken by our Party is very arduous, and the ruling environment we face is extremely complex. The string of self-revolution must be tightened even more." From work style construction to the Party's self-revolution, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) put forward clear requirements for "promoting the Party's self-revolution, we must further implement in terms of improving understanding, enhancing Party spirit, regulating the operation of power, strictly supervising discipline enforcement, and fulfilling the responsibility of governing the Party," conveying a clear signal to carry out the Party's self-revolution to the end.
With both political and ideological nature, as well as pertinence and guidance, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) not only put forward clear requirements, but also took the lead in implementing the Central Eight-Point Regulation, providing fundamental guidance and setting a brilliant example for the entire Party to carry out study and education in a solid manner.
Careful deployment and swift action.
Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, the entire Party firmly grasped the goals, tasks, methods, paths, and work requirements of the study and education, enhanced political consciousness, ideological consciousness, and action consciousness, and promoted learning, investigation, and rectification in an integrated manner, promoting the study and education to go deeper and more solid.
On March 2, 2025, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央办公厅) issued the "Notice on Carrying Out In-depth Study and Education on Thoroughly Implementing the Spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation Throughout the Party," putting forward specific requirements and clarifying goals and tasks for carrying out study and education.
On March 12, the Central Party Building Work Leadership Group (中央党的建设工作领导小组) held a meeting to study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speeches and instructions on study and education, listen to reports on the preparation for study and education, and study and deploy study and education work.
The Central Party Building Work Leadership Group (中央党的建设工作领导小组) strengthened overall coordination, and the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部), together with the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关), established a special working group at the central level to carry out in-depth study and education on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, undertaking specific work.
The Party committees (Party groups) at all levels closely combined with the central work, grasped the goals and requirements, carefully planned and deployed, and promptly dispatched and promoted, and the secretaries of the Party committees (Party groups) earnestly assumed the responsibility of the first person responsible, and other members of the leading body fulfilled the "one post, two responsibilities" (一岗双责), grasping implementation at each level and promoting the study and education to the end.
Strengthening supervision and guidance is an important guarantee for achieving solid results in study and education. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made a series of important instructions and approvals on sending guidance groups and supervision groups, and rectifying violations of eating and drinking, promoting the implementation of relevant work.
During the study and education, the special working group at the central level to carry out in-depth study and education on thoroughly implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and the General Office of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (中央纪委办公厅) publicly reported three batches of four cases of serious violations of the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation in violation of eating and drinking, forming a strong deterrent.
Strict supervision and practical guidance to solve problems. The Party Central Committee successively sent 11 central guidance groups in two batches to carry out guidance and supervision in 30 localities and units. At the same time, localities and relevant units dispatched a total of 8,513 supervision groups to carry out supervision work in nearly 21,000 localities and units.
The central guidance groups and supervision groups adhered to answering the same questions, strictly reviewing and controlling, and promoting the solution of problems, giving full play to the role of "sharp swords," strengthening the in-depth analysis of typical cases, carrying out sparrow-style research, and promoting the realization of solving "one problem" to solving "a class of problems," promoting the achievement of solid results in study and education from point to surface.
Implementation at each level and deepening step by step.
Under the solid deployment and promotion of Party organizations at all levels, all regions, departments, and units closely combined the carrying out of study and education with strengthening the Party's work style construction, adhered to the integration of rectifying work style, enforcing discipline, and fighting corruption, went to the problems, stared at the problems to change, strictly investigated and dealt with those who violated discipline against the wind, publicly reported typical problems, and took practical actions to make iron rules more iron and hard constraints harder.
Focusing on the theme and paying attention to practical results, promoting learning, investigation, and rectification in an integrated manner.
With the implementation of the Eight-Point Regulation, the construction of work style is fully activated.
Since the launch of the study and education, Party organizations at all levels have shouldered their political responsibilities, carefully organized and implemented, integrated into daily life, grasped regularly, adhered to the integrated promotion of learning, investigation, and rectification, and solved outstanding problems with real action, promoting the orderly and effective development of study and education.
Focusing on the theme and deepening study and discussion:
Relying on Party branches, 151 young cadres were divided into 4 theoretical groups, and a study plan was formulated around the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation details. In the form of "leading learning + interpretation + discussion," one theme per week and one discussion per month...
In Chengdu (成都), Sichuan (四川), the Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision (市纪委监委) focused on grasping the study and education of young cadres, helping young cadres to re-learn, re-understand, and re-deepen in the collision of ideas through rich and diverse youth theoretical study activities.
This is a microcosm of all regions, departments, and units adhering to "studying ideology" as the primary task and the main line throughout, focusing on the theme to deepen study and discussion, and promoting the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation to be internalized in the heart and externalized in action.
Learn from the original text. The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关), the General Office of the CPC Central Committee (中央办公厅), the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部), and the Publicity Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央宣传部) focused on correcting the source and consolidating the foundation ideologically through forms such as theoretical study center group learning; the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央统战部), the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (中联部), the Central Social Work Department (中央社会工作部), and the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission (中央政法委) made good use of various learning platforms and adopted methods such as publicity and guidance, and rotational training of Party members to promote effective coverage of study and education; Shanghai (上海), Liaoning (辽宁), Jilin (吉林), and Gansu (甘肃) organized Party members and cadres to conduct in-depth discussions and exchanges and promote deepening and transformation through Party branch "three meetings and one lesson" (三会一课) and theme Party days.
Learn in combination with cases. Beijing (北京), Tianjin (天津), Anhui (安徽), Henan (河南), and Hubei (湖北) sorted out and issued typical cases, and guided Party members and cadres to learn from cases and reflect on themselves through methods such as centralized reading and exchange and discussion; Jiangsu (江苏), Zhejiang (浙江), Shaanxi (陕西), and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团) used resources such as warning records, confession records, warning education films, and warning education bases of cadres who violated discipline and law to carry out warning education, and guided Party members and cadres to enhance their consciousness and initiative in implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation.
Learn with classified guidance. Guangdong (广东), Yunnan (云南), Tibet (西藏), and Xinjiang (新疆) focused on grasping the study of key objects such as newly promoted cadres, young cadres, and cadres in key positions; the Central Party School (National Academy of Governance) (中央党校（国家行政学院）) included relevant content of study and education as compulsory courses in the teaching plan and covered all classes; the National Development Bank (国家开发银行), China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (中国电科), State Grid Corporation of China (国家电网公司), China Energy Investment Corporation (国家能源集团), and China Mobile (中国移动) used various learning platforms and adopted methods such as publicity and guidance, rotational training of Party members, and sending learning to the door, aiming at the characteristics of different groups, to promote effective coverage of study and education.
All regions, departments, and units put the study of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on strengthening the Party's work style construction and the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation details throughout the entire process, studied and used authoritative learning materials such as "The Achievements and Experiences of Thoroughly Implementing the Spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China" (党的十八大以来深入贯彻中央八项规定精神的成效和经验), "Eight-Point Regulation Changes China" (八项规定改变中国), and "Regulations on Practicing Economy and Opposing Waste in Party and Government Organs" (党政机关厉行节约反对浪费条例), further improved their political stance, strengthened their ideological understanding, and made efforts to achieve practical results in studying deeply and thoroughly.
Benchmarking and deeply investigating problems:
Party members and cadres went into enterprises and projects, rural communities to listen to opinions and suggestions, and unblocked channels such as "integrated media asking politics" (融媒问政) and the 12345 hotline to collect public opinions...
In Guiyang (贵阳), Guizhou Province (贵州省), the local area comprehensively used various forms and means to focus on formalism, violations of handling weddings and funerals, etc. to investigate problems and immediately rectify them, achieving significant results.
In the process of study and education, Guizhou (贵州) combined the problems found in discipline inspection and supervision, inspection and patrol, letters and visits, and the fight against organized crime and evil to compare and "sieve" one by one, promptly investigate and dynamically update, and promote the investigation of problems in various places and units from virtual to real, from shallow to deep, and strictly grasp rectification and remediation.
The process of investigating problems is the process of following the Party's mass line in the new era.
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会机关), the General Office of the State Council (国务院办公厅), the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协机关), the Central Financial Work Committee (中央金融工委), and the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (国务院国资委) compared the list of problems in violation of the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation details and the list of hidden and mutated work style problems, comprehensively and deeply searched for existing problems, and the leading bodies and leading cadres took the lead in deeply examining themselves;
The Central Policy Research Office (中央政策研究室), the Central Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission Office (中央改革办), the Work Committee of the Central and State Organs (中央和国家机关工委), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外交部), the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League (共青团中央), and the All-China Women's Federation (全国妇联) adhered to learning while examining, organized various departments and units to deeply investigate problems, listed the list on the basis of accurately identifying problems, and immediately corrected them;
Chongqing (重庆), Guangxi (广西), Qinghai (青海), and Ningxia (宁夏) combined the rectification of unhealthy tendencies and corruption problems around the masses, the rectification of formalism to reduce the burden on the grassroots, and the strengthening of teacher ethics and medical ethics, and further identified problems accurately and truly, and dynamically updated the list of problems;
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Actively benchmarking and deeply digging into the root causes of problems. All regions, departments, and units, in accordance with the requirements of comprehensive, deep, and realistic investigation, focused on clarifying the situation, accurately identifying problems, and putting forward practical countermeasures.
Taking real action to promote rectification and remediation:
"The supporting facilities in the community are insufficient, the water and electricity are unstable, and there is a shortage of fitness equipment. I hope the government will help solve it." In a regular face-to-face symposium between municipal and county leaders and the masses in communities in Lyuliang City (吕梁市), Shanxi Province (山西省), residents of Xuefu Community (学府社区), Xishuba Street (西属巴街道), Lishi District (离石区) reflected problems. The research leaders immediately convened the heads of relevant municipal departments to work on the spot, clarifying the responsible entities and the time limit for resolution item by item.
Always focusing on problems and effectively solving problems is the meaning of study and education.
The Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院), the Supreme People's Procuratorate (最高人民检察院), the Ministry of Education (教育部), the Ministry of Public Security (公安部), and the Ministry of Civil Affairs (民政部) implemented a cancellation management system for centralized rectification problems, solving one problem and canceling one number, and reminding and urging those with ineffective measures and slow progress, and seriously criticizing and promptly correcting those who make superficial articles and engage in formalism.
Peking University (北京大学), Tsinghua University (清华大学), and Central China Normal University (华中师范大学) focused on grasping immediate rectification, continuously sorting out and updating the list, focusing on the vital interests of teachers and students, and promoting the rectification of problems that everyone reflects on and cares about.
Daxing'anling Region (大兴安岭地区) in Heilongjiang (黑龙江) implemented research methods such as "squatting in the grid" and "walking the city on foot" to understand and grasp public opinions and solve problems such as road damage and private construction; Jinjiang (晋江), Fujian (福建) took various measures to provide policy support for the efficient use of land resources and other aspects, helping industrial enterprises to develop with high quality; Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County (保亭黎族苗族自治县) in Hainan Province (海南省) took the "Qin Jia Ben - Cadres and Masses Dialogue to Solve Problems" (亲加奔——干群对话解难题) activity as the starting point, and promoted the solution of many urgent and difficult problems for the masses, such as the blockage of silt in irrigation ditches and the damage of water channels affecting irrigation...
Solve whatever problems there are, and focus on rectifying whatever problems are prominent.
Since the launch of the study and education, all regions, departments, and units have truly grasped and strictly grasped 11 outstanding problems such as violations of eating and drinking, not only solving outstanding problems with real swords and guns, grasping the current, grasping typical examples, and grasping reports, but also putting seeking truth from facts in front, carrying out supervision and inspection in accordance with regulations and disciplines, not waiting or relying, immediately knowing and immediately changing, immediately changing and changing to achieve results, and not engaging in a gust of wind or a one-size-fits-all approach.
Open education, tangible and accessible to the masses:
Turning on the faucet, clear tap water flowed out. In Jinshidi Community (金狮堤社区), Ludishan Township (芦荻山乡), Wuling District (武陵区), Changde (常德), Hunan (湖南), Sun Jiashun (孙家顺), an elderly man who was washing vegetables in the kitchen at home, showed a satisfied smile.
In the past, the water supply network in Jinshidi Community (金狮堤社区) and its surrounding areas was aging, and running, dripping, and leaking were serious. The problem of insufficient water pressure and small water volume during peak water consumption periods occurred from time to time, seriously affecting the daily life of residents. In the study and education, the local area actively listened to the demands of the masses, solicited opinions and suggestions, and quickly started the pipeline network transformation, completely solving the water use problem of more than 600 households in the community and surrounding areas.
Persevering in implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation does not allow for any false efforts. All regions, departments, and units regard open education as an effective way to promote the in-depth and solid development of study and education, and the vast number of Party members and cadres adhere to the mass line, go deep into the front lines of rural revitalization, the front lines of the real economy, and the front lines of social governance to find out the urgent and difficult problems of the masses, and think and work together with the masses.
Those who know the roof leaks are under the eaves, and those who know the political failures are in the grass. The masses have the most real feelings about the effectiveness of work style construction.
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment organized party members and cadres to immerse themselves and go deep into the front lines to earnestly listen to the opinions and suggestions of local ecological environment departments and enterprises on further improving ecological and environmental protection work, and focused on solving problems of public concern such as noise, oily fumes, black and odorous water bodies, and illegal dumping of solid waste.
The Xilingol League (锡林郭勒盟) of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region guided party members and cadres to come up with ideas and practical measures to promote the implementation of policies benefiting farmers, herdsmen, and enterprises. Combining carriers such as "Party Member Central Households" (党员中心户) and "Double Entry and Double Service" (双进双服务), it organized party members and cadres to extensively and deeply understand public sentiment, listen to public opinions, and contribute to their positions.
The Jinan (济南) Municipal Medical Security Bureau of Shandong Province, based on optimizing business processes to meet the needs of the masses, reformed and innovated the handling and service model to achieve rapid and accurate distribution of maternity allowances. As of the first half of 2025, a total of 25,700 people in the city received maternity allowance benefits through the "exemption from application and immediate enjoyment" method.
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Put in real effort in taking responsibility, and see practical results in serving the people.
Since the launch of the study and education campaign, various regions, departments, and units have been "daring to open the door" (敢开门) and "truly opening the door" (真开门), paying attention to public participation in the process of investigation and rectification, accepting public supervision, and solving the urgent and difficult problems of the masses. Many people said that through study and education, they have seen the transformation of the work style of party members and cadres, the "most serious" (最讲认真) attitude of communists, and the firm determination of the Party Central Committee to implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation and vigorously grasp the construction of work style.
Provide strong work style guarantee for realizing the Party's mission and tasks in the new era and new journey.
In-depth implementation of the study and education of the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation is a comprehensive and profound work style baptism that questions the soul and strengthens the foundation. The vast number of party members and cadres have generally experienced a concentrated ideological tempering, party spirit training, and political experience. They have generally re-recognized, deepened, and re-acted on the Party's self-revolution, and the Party's work style has achieved an overall improvement.
However, it must also be clearly seen that the "four winds" problem still exists, and the soil is still there. The stock of unhealthy tendencies and corruption has not been exhausted, and the increment is still prone to occur frequently. It is necessary to fight a protracted war to implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, rectify work style, and fight corruption.
Adhere to the principle of "strictness" and continue to consolidate a clean and honest political ecology—
"Violations of regulations in accepting gifts, gift money, and consumer cards" (违规收受礼品、礼金、消费卡), "Violations of regulations in borrowing vehicles from management and service objects" (违规借用管理和服务对象车辆), "Accepting banquets that may affect the fair execution of official duties" (接受可能影响公正执行公务的宴请)…
Before this year's "May Day" and Dragon Boat Festival holidays, the Hebei (河北) Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision publicly reported eight typical problems of violating the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, sounding the alarm for party members and cadres, and releasing a clear signal of "zero tolerance" for work style problems, hitting them as soon as they appear, and being strict to the end.
Since the launch of the study and education campaign, various regions, departments, and units have been vigorously rectifying and addressing prominent problems such as violations of regulations in eating and drinking, violations of regulations in accepting gifts and gift money, infringement of the interests of the masses, and failure to take responsibility and act, severely curbing the hidden and mutated forms of the "four winds" (四风), strictly investigating and quickly dealing with and publicly reporting a batch of typical cases of violating the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, effectively creating a strict atmosphere and establishing a correct atmosphere. The political awareness of the vast number of party members and cadres has been further enhanced, and the clean and upright political ecology has been further consolidated.
Data shows that from March to July 2025, discipline inspection and supervision agencies at all levels investigated and dealt with a total of 111,000 cases of violating the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, criticized, educated, and dealt with 145,000 people, and the atmosphere of truly managing strictly, daring to manage strictly, and managing strictly for a long time has become more intense.
Embarking on a new journey, we must deeply study and understand Xi Jinping's (习近平) important thought on Party building and the important thought on the Party's self-revolution, always adhere to the strict tone, integrate the rectification of work style and discipline with anti-corruption, severely punish the problem of collusion between work style and corruption with "joint investigation," eradicate the common roots of work style and corruption with "joint governance," and block the evolution of work style and corruption with the connection of "investigation" and "governance," so as to promote party members and cadres to consciously abide by rules and discipline and boldly start businesses.
Work hard on "regularity" and "long-term effectiveness" to promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of study and education—
No additional dishes are arranged, and mobile phones are used to scan QR codes for payment… In Jiangxi (江西), the promotion and application of the "Gan Meal Code" (赣餐码) platform has opened up the inter-provincial meal payment and settlement business of 5,291 government canteens at the provincial, municipal, county, and township levels, basically realizing "one code for all, one network coverage, and integrated supervision" for government meals in the province, effectively reducing the burden on the grassroots.
"Now it's easier and more relaxed to scan the code for meals, each eating their own," the voice of grassroots cadres is the most direct reflection of the effectiveness of the reform.
Since the launch of the study and education campaign, various regions, departments, and units have adhered to the combination of "immediate rectification" and "long-term establishment," aimed at outstanding problems in violating the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, made up for institutional shortcomings, plugged institutional loopholes, strengthened power restriction and supervision, and the operation of power has been further standardized.
Embarking on a new journey, we must further improve the normalized and long-term institutional mechanism for work style construction, improve the governance effectiveness of work style construction, adhere to grasping Party spirit, Party conduct, and Party discipline together, adhere to correcting the "four winds" (四风) and establishing new styles at the same time, grasp self-consciousness, form habits, and let the new atmosphere of seeking truth and being pragmatic and being clean and honest continue to be filled.
Adhere to the principle of "doing" first, and educate and guide the vast number of party members and cadres to take responsibility in the construction of Chinese-style modernization—
Forming party member commando teams, working in shifts day and night to patrol and inspect; investigating hidden dangers and evacuating the masses overnight in the rain; making every effort to carry out restoration and reconstruction work to ensure the basic life of the masses…
Since the beginning of the flood season this year, many parts of China have suffered continuous heavy rainfall, and the safety of the people has been seriously threatened. In the face of the raging floods, party members and cadres have moved at the "flood" (汛) and stepped forward to protect the lives and property of the people, leaving behind moving figures of rushing around day and night.
A branch is a fortress, and a party member is a banner. In the study and education, various regions, departments, and units have placed the rectification of formalism and bureaucracy in a more prominent position, boosted the spirit of party members and cadres to take responsibility and start businesses, and transformed the results of study and education into a strong driving force for promoting high-quality development, strengthening grassroots governance, and completing urgent, difficult, and dangerous tasks.
In October this year, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party will be held in Beijing (北京) to study the proposal on formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.
In the face of complex and changing internal and external environments and arduous and heavy reform and development tasks, the excellent work style and full spirit of party members and cadres are an important guarantee for overcoming difficulties.
It's good to ride the wind, the sky is vast, and look down at the mountains and rivers.
Embarking on a new journey, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core, maintaining determination, strictly managing and strictly governing, persevering in implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, and deepening the construction of work style with the spirit of thorough self-revolution, the Chinese communists in the new era will surely lead the giant ship of "China" to continue to ride the wind and waves and set sail!
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), August 29)
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Return to TopBy: 国纪平
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the first international organization initiated by China and named after a Chinese city, has, since its establishment in 2001, consistently taken the "Shanghai Spirit" as its guide, forging a remarkably effective path of peaceful development and setting a model for building a new type of international relations.
Water has a source, and trees have roots. The "root" and "soul" of the SCO lie precisely in the "Shanghai Spirit," which is centered on "mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development." These twenty characters are the original aspiration of the SCO's establishment, the spiritual bond that enhances the SCO's national cohesion, the value pursuit that guides the SCO's development and growth, and the ideological source that enhances the SCO's influence, appeal, and attractiveness, possessing a lasting vitality that transcends time and space.
China is not only the initiator of the "Shanghai Spirit" but also its firm practitioner. Since 2013, President Xi Jinping (习近平) has attended every SCO summit, putting forward a series of important initiatives and proposals, continuously endowing the "Shanghai Spirit" with new contemporary connotations, and promoting the SCO's steady and long-term development.
Since assuming the rotating presidency in July last year, China, under the theme of "Promoting the 'Shanghai Spirit': The SCO in Action," has successfully held more than 100 important events, promoting the construction of a better SCO home and taking solid steps forward. The 2025 SCO Summit to be held in Tianjin (天津) will continue to hold high the banner of the "Shanghai Spirit," guiding the SCO to remain true to its original aspiration and forge ahead along the right path of building a human community with a shared future.
(I)
Taking mutual trust and mutual benefit as the basis for cooperation.
Looking back at the turn of the century, the opposition and division left over from the Cold War remained to be healed. Was it to move towards peaceful development or confrontational camps? Was it to choose good-neighborliness and friendship or create turmoil? Six neighboring countries in Eurasia made a crucial decision, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (上海合作组织) emerged as the times required.
The SCO's predecessor, the "Shanghai Five" mechanism, developed on the basis of signing two important agreements on strengthening trust and disarmament in border areas. After the establishment of the SCO, member states successively signed the "Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Charter" (《上海合作组织宪章》) and the "Treaty on Long-Term Good Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation between the Member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation" (《上海合作组织成员国长期睦邻友好合作条约》), two programmatic documents that legally established the strengthening of political mutual trust and good-neighborly friendship.
The leap from two important agreements to two programmatic documents is the rooting of the concept of lasting friendship and eternal peace, the accumulation of political mutual trust and mutual support, and the firmer determination for unity, cooperation, and common development.
The SCO was born out of mutual trust and mutual benefit and has grown stronger because of mutual trust and mutual benefit. From 6 founding member states to 10 member states, 2 observer states, and 14 dialogue partners, covering the three continents of Asia, Europe, and Africa, with an economic aggregate accounting for about 1/4 of the world's total... the SCO has become the largest regional international organization in the world in terms of area and population.
Over the 24 years since its establishment, the SCO has continuously enhanced political mutual trust among all parties, increased mutual support, expanded the convergence of interests, and continued to create more favorable conditions for deepening bilateral and multilateral cooperation.
Forming partnerships but not alliances, engaging in dialogue but not confrontation, mutual trust and mutual benefit have given rise to a new model. At summit after summit, national leaders have strengthened policy dialogue and communication and coordination, respected each other's reasonable concerns, promptly resolved problems arising in cooperation, jointly stabilized the direction of SCO development, and set a model for bridging the global trust deficit.
Security cooperation is a priority cooperation direction for the SCO. From taking the lead internationally in proposing to combat the "three evil forces" (打击“三股势力”), to holding joint anti-terrorism military exercises and establishing meeting mechanisms at all levels, from practicing a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept to building a security community and implementing the Global Security Initiative, the SCO, based on mutual trust and mutual benefit, has continuously broadened the path of security cooperation.
"The solidarity of member states is the fundamental guarantee and unique advantage for the SCO's development and growth, and it is also a valuable achievement gained from the accumulation of mutual trust bit by bit by all parties, which needs to be cherished and carefully nurtured." The more complex and turbulent the international and regional situation, the more SCO countries need to consolidate the foundation of mutual trust. SCO countries cherish unity, oppose interference, firmly support each other in safeguarding core interests and major concerns, firmly support each other in exploring development paths and governance models that suit their own national conditions, and firmly grasp the destiny of their own development and progress and the future of regional peace and development in their own hands.
(II)
Taking equality and consultation as the way to get along.
"'The Shanghai Spirit' is in the same vein as the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and it is the common value of the organization, which should be cherished and always followed."
Adhering to the "Shanghai Spirit," member states hold high the banner of peace, development, and cooperation, do not engage in closed and exclusive small circles, do not engage in small geopolitical calculations, actively promote the construction of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation, and jointly build a human community with a shared future.
In the historical process of modern human social development, how to properly handle relations between countries and jointly safeguard world peace and tranquility has always been a major issue for international exploration and practice. From inheriting the historical wisdom of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence to striving to build the era vision of a human community with a shared future, the equality and consultation embodied in the "Shanghai Spirit" have made the SCO, since its establishment, demonstrate the unique temperament of "a brand-new international organization." It abandons the hegemonic logic of "might makes right," transcends the old thinking of zero-sum games and civilization clashes, adheres to equal consultation, and explores a new path for the development of international organizations.
Former SCO Secretary-General Rashid Alimov believes that the SCO's uniqueness lies in the fact that the voice of each member state is listened to equally, and all member states strive to sit around a round table without "sharp corners," seeking a common denominator for common development based on considering their own interests.
The SCO Tianjin Summit will be the largest summit since the establishment of the SCO, not only holding a meeting of the Council of Heads of State of member states but also holding an "SCO+" meeting. This world-renowned event once again provides the world with two perspectives to understand the SCO's success code.
Internally, the SCO adheres to equal treatment among all countries, advocates equality between large and small countries, adheres to the principle of consensus, discusses matters more often, discusses matters well, and does not engage in bullying the small or the weak.
Externally, the SCO firmly adheres to the principle of openness, does not engage in closed and exclusive "small circles," but builds an open and inclusive "big family," and establishes partnerships and develops mutually beneficial cooperation with more like-minded countries and international organizations.
Because of this, the SCO is increasingly showing strong vitality, cohesion, and attractiveness, "the international community's interest in it is constantly increasing," "countries hoping to join the SCO are lining up," and "I believe that such an organization will only become more and more successful."
The SCO's international influence continues to increase, expanding the geographical space radiated by the concept of equality and consultation, and injecting strong momentum into building a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation.
(III)
Promoting harmony and inclusiveness by respecting diverse civilizations.
The deepest foundation of the "Shanghai Spirit" lies in adhering to equality among civilizations, dialogue and inclusiveness, and advocating the peaceful coexistence and harmonious coexistence of different civilizations.
The emblem of China's rotating presidency of the SCO takes the SCO emblem as the main body, surrounded by cloud and thunder patterns and Kui dragon patterns derived from bronze ware patterns in the pre-Qin period, implying full of hope and endless life. The design of the emblem embodies the sincere hope of "a civilization-type country where five thousand years of civilization overlaps with modern countries."
"Confucianism advocates 'When the Great Way is practiced, all under heaven will work for the common good,' and advocates 'harmonizing all nations, working together in harmony, and uniting the four seas into one family.' This concept of 'harmony' has many things in common with the 'Shanghai Spirit.'" At the SCO Qingdao Summit in 2018, in the birthplace of Confucian culture, President Xi Jinping (习近平) explained the "Shanghai Spirit" in this way.
The "Shanghai Spirit" originates from "the beauty of harmony lies in the combination of differences"—
The diversity of human civilization is the basic feature of the world and the source of human progress. Different histories and national conditions, different ethnic groups and customs, have nurtured different civilizations in the SCO region, spawned different political and economic systems in regional countries, and formed different levels and models of economic development. Civilizational diversity is the SCO's valuable asset, pregnant with the SCO's huge development potential. Regional countries adhere to respecting diverse civilizations and abandoning civilizational conflicts, laying a solid civilizational foundation for countries to achieve harmonious coexistence, mutual benefit and win-win results, and benefit the people.
The "Shanghai Spirit" is committed to "beauty in each other, harmonious coexistence"—
The most solid foundation for the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation lies in mutual learning among civilizations, and the deepest strength lies in the connectivity of people's hearts. The "SCO Health Express International Brightness Action" sows the seeds of light, the first Luban Workshop in Central Asia delivers a large number of professional talents to Tajikistan, the teenagers of the "SCO Family" jointly plant a friendship forest in Beijing, and tourism years, film festivals, joint archaeology, and other activities are held one after another... Regional countries adhere to openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual learning, practice the Global Civilization Initiative, and carry out in-depth cooperation in science and technology, education, art, health, tourism, and other fields, responding to the people's expectations for a rich spiritual life.
Civilizational exchanges and mutual learning, from a broader perspective, are also a common quest for development experience and modernization paths. Achieving modernization is the common goal of SCO countries. Chinese-style modernization is deeply rooted in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, draws on and absorbs all the excellent achievements of human civilization, and creates a new form of human civilization. China strengthens exchanges of experience in governance with regional countries and becomes fellow travelers on each other's modernization paths, which will surely enrich the garden of human civilization.
(IV)
Achieving win-win prosperity by seeking common development.
Development is the master key to solving all problems. The "Shanghai Spirit" advocates that true development is when everyone develops together, adheres to joint consultation, joint construction, and sharing, strengthens the alignment of development strategies, and takes the road of mutual benefit, win-win results, and common prosperity.
"This is a great undertaking that benefits the people of all countries along the route." On September 7, 2013, in Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦), a member state of the SCO, President Xi Jinping (习近平) first proposed jointly building the "Silk Road Economic Belt." A few days later, at the SCO Bishkek Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "The six member states and five observer states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation are all located along the ancient Silk Road. As member states and observer states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, we have a responsibility to carry forward the spirit of the Silk Road and carry it forward."
Since then, the spirit of the Silk Road of peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit, and win-win results has complemented the "Shanghai Spirit," injecting new development momentum into the SCO. The SCO's share of the global economy has steadily increased, and its contribution to world economic growth has continued to increase.
Former SCO Secretary-General Nurgaliyev said that in the process of SCO development, China has always taken its own actions to lead all parties to take the road of inclusive development and mutually beneficial cooperation.
In action, there is top-level design. Promote the alignment of the "Belt and Road" initiative with Kazakhstan's "Bright Road" new economic policy, Mongolia's "Prairie Road" initiative, the Eurasian Economic Union, and other regional countries' development strategies and cooperation initiatives, strive to create an "upgraded version" of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (中巴经济走廊), accelerate the construction of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor, create more cooperative growth points, and release regional development vitality.
In action, there is coordinated development. The China-SCO Local Economic and Trade Cooperation Demonstration Zone provides regional countries with a "sea outlet" facing the Asia-Pacific region, the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway is accelerating, Pakistan's Gwadar New International Airport has been officially put into operation, and the second phase of the China-Tajikistan highway will create "a new road connecting the two countries"... The flow of people, logistics, capital, and information, and interconnectivity release the surging momentum of regional cooperation.
In action, there are people's expectations. The SCO Agricultural Technology Exchange and Training Demonstration Base creates a "sample room" for smart agriculture, Chinese green electricity lights up the southern city of Zhanatas in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan pilots and promotes China's poverty reduction experience in all states of the country, and the China-Tajikistan cooperation digital medical platform realizes full coverage of remote consultation... Higher quality and more sustainable development meets the people's expectations for a prosperous and happy life.
2025 is the "Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Sustainable Development Year." China will continue to carry out practical actions with all parties around the eight key cooperation areas of the Global Development Initiative and will announce new measures and actions at the Tianjin Summit to support the SCO's high-quality development and all-round cooperation. The vigorously developing solid actions will lead the SCO cooperation to take on a new look, run out of acceleration, and reach a new level, and continuously enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
(V)
Following the "Shanghai Spirit," the SCO is not only committed to regional stability and prosperity but also makes important theoretical and practical explorations for building a new type of international relations and a human community with a shared future.
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, and also the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. At a time when the world is undergoing profound changes and turbulent changes are intertwined, the SCO Tianjin Summit will issue a statement on the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations, jointly sending out the strong voice of the SCO on major international and regional issues, reflecting reality and showing the future.
Eighty years ago, the countries and people of the SCO region experienced the catastrophe of World War II, paid huge sacrifices, and made decisive contributions to justice overcoming evil and civilization overcoming barbarism. On the basis of the victory of World War II, China, together with important members of the anti-fascist alliance, jointly discussed the establishment of the United Nations, jointly formulated the United Nations Charter, opened a historical chapter in which all countries jointly built peace and sought common development, and promoted the long-term progress of human civilization.
The best commemoration of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War is to write a new chapter in the practice of safeguarding world peace and promoting common development with greater political courage and historical responsibility.
At present, the world is undergoing profound changes, the international landscape is undergoing profound adjustments, regional conflicts are emerging one after another, and the peace deficit, development deficit, security deficit, and governance deficit are increasing. There are doubts about the "failure" of the United Nations and the "failure" of international law; there are attempts to believe in "zero-sum games" and "national priority" and replace international norms with the law of the jungle; there are acts of engaging in "decoupling and breaking chains" and "small yards and high walls" and suppressing and containing the development of other countries to maintain their own hegemony.
Adhering to the "Shanghai Spirit," SCO countries firmly stand on the right side of history, stand on the side of human civilization progress, practice true multilateralism, and advocate an equal and orderly world multipolarization and inclusive economic globalization. As an important platform for the unity and self-improvement of the Global South, the SCO is gathering powerful forces for improving global governance and building a human community with a shared future.
The road of history is never smooth, and the power of the spirit is needed to break through the barriers. **不忘初心，方得始终** (bù wàng chū xīn, fāng dé shǐ zhōng - "never forget the original intention, only then can one accomplish the mission," staying true to one's original aspiration leads to success). Taking the Tianjin Summit as a new starting point, the SCO will continue to use the "Shanghai Spirit" as a torch, continuously illuminating the road to building an SCO community with a shared future, and injecting more stability and hope for development and progress into a turbulent and changing world.
Return to TopBy: 沙夫卡特·米尔济约耶夫
Uzbekistan, along with several other countries, jointly participated in the establishment and development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), whose role and significance are increasingly prominent and important. Today, its activities not only affect the development of member states but also concern the well-being of all residents of this vast region.
Before discussing SCO cooperation issues, I would like to talk about our strategic partnership with the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国). China is a country that is extremely compatible with Uzbekistan in spirit, culture, and vitality. In recent years, the relationship between Uzbekistan and China has shown a good momentum of sustainable development, covering several key areas from political dialogue and security to comprehensive trade and economic cooperation, and cultural and people-to-people exchanges. The continuous deepening of the relationship between the two countries has made important contributions to the stability and sustainable development in the Central Asian region and within the SCO framework.
An important factor in deepening bilateral cooperation is the regular political dialogue between the heads of state of the two countries. In January 2024, during my state visit to China, President Xi Jinping (习近平) and I jointly elevated the relations between the two countries to a new era of all-weather comprehensive strategic partnership and clarified the key directions of cooperation and interaction on the international stage.
This unprecedented progress in the relations between the two countries is due to the great importance and unremitting efforts attached by our dear friend of Uzbekistan, President Xi Jinping (习近平), to further develop and strengthen comprehensive cooperation between Uzbekistan and China. The implementation of all agreements is guaranteed through mechanisms such as the Intergovernmental Cooperation Committee, inter-parliamentary groups, and strategic dialogues at the foreign minister level.
Strengthening political mutual trust and strategic partnership requires a full understanding and respect for each other's fundamental interests. Uzbekistan firmly adheres to the one-China principle. We express our sincere gratitude to China for supporting Uzbekistan's efforts to deepen regional cooperation in Central Asia and build the "Central Asian Partnership Spirit."
Since 2017, the trade volume between the two countries has tripled, reaching 14 billion US dollars. In the next few years, it is planned to increase the trade volume to 20 billion US dollars. During the same period, our country attracted a total of 24.6 billion US dollars of Chinese investment.
There is no doubt that the cooperation between Uzbekistan and China is gradually becoming a model of pragmatic and balanced partnership, contributing to regional sustainable development and strengthening the SCO's position as a platform for mutually beneficial multilateral cooperation.
(I)
The SCO is gradually becoming a highly anticipated and widely needed international cooperation model, which unites countries together based on the principles of equality, mutual benefit, and non-interference in internal affairs.
Since its establishment, the SCO has always adhered to and actively advocated the "Shanghai Spirit," that is, mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and seeking common development. The organization has completely abandoned the outdated "Cold War" mentality, overcome zero-sum thinking, and opposed the clash of civilizations.
The SCO actively advocates and practices the principles of non-alignment, non-confrontation, and non-targeting of third parties. The organization advocates that all countries, big and small, are equal, reach consensus through constructive consultation, and promote peace through dialogue and cooperation. This is precisely the source of the organization's attractiveness and vitality.
The SCO has successfully united countries with different political systems, historical and cultural traditions, and different levels of economic development. This fully demonstrates the growing potential of multilateral cooperation and the feasibility of the concept of harmonious coexistence and mutually beneficial cooperation.
Today, the SCO, a "big family" composed of 10 member states, 2 observer states, and 14 dialogue partners, covers a vast area of Asia, Europe, and Africa. The total territory of the SCO countries accounts for about 2/3 of the area of the Eurasian continent, and the population accounts for nearly half of the world's population. The total GDP of the organization's countries accounts for about 1/4 of the world's economy.
The SCO has established its own positioning as an active participant in international cooperation and an effective platform for multilateral diplomacy. The organization is actively establishing contacts with the United Nations and its specialized agencies, as well as with a number of regional and international institutions, including the Commonwealth of Independent States (独联体), BRICS (金砖国家), the Eurasian Economic Union (欧亚经济联盟), ASEAN (东盟), the Economic Cooperation Organization (经济合作组织), the Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (亚洲相互协作与信任措施会议), the Arab League (阿盟), and other organizations.
All of this fully demonstrates that the multilateral cooperation promoted by the SCO has reached a high level of maturity and systematization. Actively promoting institutional construction, promoting multi-field cooperation, and expanding international relations help enhance the authority and role of the SCO as a responsible, open, and inclusive mechanism, and contribute to the cause of global peace, stability, and prosperity.
The SCO is not a challenge to the existing system, but a response to the need to establish a new and fair world order based on dialogue rather than force. In a world of increasing conflict and ideological divisions, the SCO offers a viable alternative: mutual respect, equal dialogue, and common development.
(II)
Since the establishment of the SCO, Uzbekistan has always adhered to this vision and promoted the steady and comprehensive development of the organization's cooperation. As an active participant in SCO cooperation, our country has served as the rotating chair of the organization four times.
The SCO Samarkand Summit held in 2022 was an important milestone in the development process of the SCO. The summit facilitated the adoption of more than 40 important decisions, agreements, plans, and conceptual documents.
As one of the founding members of the SCO, China has made great contributions to promoting the development and deepening of multi-field cooperation within the framework of the organization in the past 24 years.
China has played an irreplaceable role in the organization's institutional construction and treaty legal development. The permanent institution in Beijing (北京) - the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Secretariat (上海合作组织秘书处) - has also made important contributions to the development of cooperation and the implementation of decisions and agreements reached by the heads of state.
The consistent visionary policy of Chinese leaders, especially a series of initiatives put forward by President Xi Jinping (习近平) of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国), has made important contributions to the successful construction of a modern cooperation architecture within the organization.
Against the background of increasing geopolitical turbulence, the Global Security Initiative proposed by China, adhering to the principle of indivisible security, advocates addressing global challenges with an equal attitude, and emphasizes the importance of strengthening coordination and cooperation among SCO member states. These principles provide guidelines for further improving joint mechanisms to deal with crises, cyber threats, and transnational crimes.
The Global Development Initiative proposed by China has made important contributions to the implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, promoted the improvement of infrastructure connectivity, promoted green and digital transformation, and deepened international cooperation. China's assumption of the rotating presidency of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation for 2024-2025 and the announcement of 2025 as the "Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Sustainable Development Year" have made important contributions to promoting the formation of new growth drivers for the economies of various countries, including green and digital transformation.
The Global Civilization Initiative proposed by China has contributed to promoting exchanges and cooperation in the cultural and people-to-people fields among the people of our countries.
China's support for the modernization strategy of Central Asian countries is particularly important. I would like to reiterate that President Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized in his speech at the China-Central Asia Summit in Xi'an (西安) that the world needs a stable, prosperous, harmonious, and connected Central Asia. At the Second China-Central Asia Summit held in Astana, the Chinese leader called for always adhering to and continuously carrying forward the "China-Central Asia Spirit." We believe that this is completely in line with the "Shanghai Spirit" and will help strengthen cooperation within the SCO.
(III)
Through the SCO, Uzbekistan's commodities can enter the large markets of member states. Uzbekistan's three major trading partners are China, Russia, and Kazakhstan.
SCO member states are also our main partners in the field of transportation and logistics. The joint implementation of infrastructure projects with organizational partners helps expand transit potential and attract more investment to the real economy.
Ensuring security remains the core priority of the SCO. Uzbekistan actively advocates expanding cooperation within the framework of the mechanism of the meeting of secretaries of the Security Council of member states, covering the coordination of law enforcement agencies, the exchange of experience in preventing youth extremism, responding to cyber threats, and combating drug smuggling channels.
In the field of trade and economy, we advocate fully releasing the trade and investment potential of the SCO. We believe that the key directions of this work include eliminating trade barriers, simplifying and unifying customs procedures, and actively promoting the participation of enterprises in SCO projects. These measures can not only strengthen the interconnection between member states, but also promote the synergistic connection between the respective development strategies of SCO countries and the "Belt and Road" Initiative.
Uzbekistan attaches great importance to expanding the SCO's cultural and people-to-people cooperation, with special attention to joint education projects, academic exchanges, and cooperation projects in the field of science, as well as cultural and sports activities. These activities not only promote national traditions, but also create an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect.
By actively promoting cooperation within the SCO, Uzbekistan supports new standards of regional cooperation based on pragmatism, respect for the national conditions of various countries, and commitment to sustainable development.
We look forward to the SCO summit being held in Tianjin (天津), a developed metropolis in China. I firmly believe that this summit will be successful and bring meaningful results to all member states. On this occasion, I would like to extend my sincere blessings to the great Chinese people and wish you peace, happiness, and prosperity.
(The author is the President of Uzbekistan)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 陈世涵 胡泽曦
On the banks of the Hai River, sails compete. From August 31st to September 1st, the 2025 Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit will be held in Tianjin (天津). This will be the largest summit since the establishment of the SCO.
"China is willing to work with all member states to take this year's Tianjin (天津) Summit as an opportunity to strengthen the SCO, demonstrate new development, new breakthroughs, and a new atmosphere." President Xi Jinping (习近平) attaches great importance to the development of the SCO, personally engages in head-of-state diplomacy, leads all parties to jointly build a closer SCO community with a shared future, and promotes the steady and long-term development of the SCO.
Taking the Tianjin (天津) Summit as a new starting point, SCO countries are joining hands to enter a new stage of high-quality development that is more united, more collaborative, more dynamic, and more promising. The "SCO family" is striding towards a better future.
"China always regards the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation as a priority in its neighborhood diplomacy."
After seven years, China has once again taken over the rotating presidency, and the Tianjin (天津) Summit carries thousands of expectations.
Co-founded by China, named after a Chinese city, and with its secretariat located in China... Over the past 24 years, the SCO has weathered storms and grown stronger, leaving a deep Chinese imprint.
Looking back at the road of cooperation in recent years, amidst the once-in-a-century changes and the confluence of events, how has the SCO been able to withstand the waves of the times and achieve fruitful results in win-win cooperation?
From China's perspective, the SCO, as a new type of regional international organization, is growing remarkably, representing new hope for international cooperation.
Originating at the beginning of this century, at a critical moment in the evolution of the international landscape, with new ways of interacting and new concepts of cooperation, the birth of the SCO has been called "a major event that changes the global strategic landscape."
The "Shanghai Spirit" of "mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development" has broken away from the outdated logic of the alliance system with its "hierarchical order," transcended the closed exclusivity of various "small circles," and conformed to the historical trend of openness and inclusiveness, which is the source of the organization's vitality and growth.
Growing stronger in the new era, the SCO has become an important practical platform for China's neighborhood diplomacy concept, and also an important stage for China to work with all parties to jointly practice true multilateralism and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
President Xi Jinping (习近平) has high expectations for the SCO: "China always regards the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation as a priority in its neighborhood diplomacy, and is committed to strengthening the SCO, safeguarding regional security and stability, promoting the development and prosperity of member states, and building a close community with a shared future."
From the SCO's perspective on China, this founding member state has always been an important leading force in the organization's development and growth.
Looking at the timeline, Chinese voices, Chinese concepts, and Chinese initiatives have left important imprints on the SCO's development process:
In 2018, on the coast of the Yellow Sea, the idea of building a community with a shared future for the SCO was proposed, and "establishing a common concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind" was written into the Qingdao (青岛) Declaration, gathering clear goals and broad consensus for all parties to move towards the future;
In 2020, at the "cloud" summit, major initiatives to build a "community of health and hygiene," a "community of security," a "community of development," and a "community of culture" within the SCO framework were proposed, making the actions to build a community with a shared future for the SCO more determined;
In 2024, in Astana, the proposal to build "five common homelands" of unity and mutual trust, peace and tranquility, prosperity and development, good-neighborliness and friendship, and fairness and justice provides guidance for countries to strengthen cooperation and achieve each other amidst the turbulent international situation;
…………
Since 2013, President Xi Jinping (习近平) has attended all SCO summits. Keeping up with changes in the international situation and focusing on the common needs of all countries, he has not only remained true to the original aspiration of cooperation but also updated the concept of cooperation in a timely manner, allowing the construction of a better "SCO family" to move forward continuously.
Looking at this year's cooperation agenda, the word "action" is the keyword. As the rotating presidency, China is practicing the resounding slogan of "Promoting the 'Shanghai Spirit': The SCO in Action," holding more than 100 activities to promote reform and innovation in the SCO's organizational structure, rules of procedure, and international cooperation.
As former SCO Secretary-General Mezentsev said: "If the SCO is compared to a beautiful painting, China is the brightest color in it."
"The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation's concept is deeply rooted in people's hearts, and its development prospects are widely favored."
In today's world, unilateralism and protectionism are rampant, but the "magnetic attraction" of the SCO is getting stronger and stronger. One detail can be seen: the International Cooperation Department of the SCO Secretariat, which is responsible for expansion and other affairs, is now one of the busiest departments.
With India, Pakistan, Iran, and Belarus joining in succession, the number of SCO member states has reached a historic double-digit figure; Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar have been approved, and Bahrain, Maldives, the United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, and Myanmar have been agreed upon as new dialogue partners... "More and more countries are applying to join the 'SCO family,' fully demonstrating that the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation's concept is deeply rooted in people's hearts, and its development prospects are widely favored."
From the initial 6 member states to now covering 26 countries, why can countries with different histories, cultures, social systems, and stages of development maintain unity, cooperation, mutual benefit, and win-win results on the SCO platform?
The answer can be found in President Xi Jinping's (习近平) two metaphors.
One metaphor is "homeland." "The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation is our common homeland." The word "home" gives the SCO a rare affinity and sense of belonging in international relations.
As the international situation becomes more complex and severe, countries urgently need a stable regional environment for their survival, development, and revitalization. Advocating unity and cooperation, maintaining security and stability, and promoting development and prosperity, the SCO is a "big family" that all parties can rely on when storms come.
"Security is the cornerstone of development. Without security, there is no development." Every year when attending the SCO summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasizes security cooperation. In his speeches at previous summits, the word "security" has been mentioned hundreds of times.
Plan before acting. Cooperating to combat the "three evil forces," accelerating the construction of a comprehensive center for responding to security threats and challenges and its subordinate institutions, building a drug control center, and holding joint anti-terrorism military exercises... Practice has shown that the SCO's ability to resolve security risks is constantly improving, and it has become an important pillar for achieving long-term regional peace and stability.
From the "dual-wheel drive" of security and economic cooperation to the multi-track advancement of the "four communities" of health and hygiene, security, development, and culture, and then to the construction of "five common homelands"... The areas of cooperation are expanding, and the forces of progress are gathering stronger and stronger. The SCO is becoming a regional security guarantee, a bridge of cooperation, and a bond of friendship.
From countries and individuals, from concepts to practices, the psychological distance between members of the "SCO family" is constantly being narrowed. Continuing the millennium-old cultural heritage, the "Silk Road: the Road Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor" jointly declared by China, Kazakhstan, and Kyrgyzstan has been included in the "World Heritage List"; sharing development concepts, scholar Mirzaakhmedova has translated Chinese works such as "Getting Rid of Poverty" to bring China's development experience to her home country of Uzbekistan...
The other metaphor is making the "cake" bigger. "Strive to make the 'cake' of mutually beneficial cooperation bigger," focusing on making the fruits of cooperation benefit the people of all countries more and more fairly.
Promoting economic growth is the common task of regional countries. As global development challenges emerge one after another, it is even more necessary to adhere to open cooperation, mutual benefit, and win-win results. In recent years, the "SCO family" has promoted the implementation of a series of mutually beneficial cooperation initiatives, among which the "Belt and Road" initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平) is one of the initiatives that is widely welcomed by members and has achieved fruitful cooperation results.
Continuous borders, integrated history, and close interests have led all parties to regard the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" as an important opportunity to upgrade pragmatic cooperation. "We should continue to promote the Silk Road spirit, consolidate the public opinion foundation for friendly exchanges between countries in the region, so that the people of all countries can trust and respect each other, and jointly build a harmonious, peaceful, and prosperous homeland." As early as the 2015 Ufa Summit, the joint construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt was written into the summit declaration.
Entering the Dushanbe No. 2 Thermal Power Plant in Tajikistan, witnessing the completion of the Angren-Pap railway tunnel in Uzbekistan, and promoting the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan railway... Over the years, President Xi Jinping (习近平) has personally promoted the deep integration of the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" with regional cooperation initiatives and the development strategies of various countries, becoming an important engine for regional development and prosperity.
As the economy surges, new energy vehicles, photovoltaic products, and other products from China have entered the Central Asian market, and Central Asian agricultural products have been placed on the tables of thousands of households in China; China-Europe freight trains, international road transport system routes, and air cargo transport have developed rapidly, and the interconnected network is becoming increasingly dense... In the first seven months of this year, China's imports and exports to other SCO member states reached 2.11 trillion yuan, an increase of 3% year-on-year, reaching a record high for the same period in history.
As the cultural breeze blows, China actively establishes cultural centers, opens branches of Chinese universities, and Luban Workshops with "SCO family" members such as Central Asian countries; China and Kazakhstan, and China and Uzbekistan have achieved mutual visa exemptions; the number of friendship cities between China and Central Asian countries has exceeded 100 pairs... Frequent cultural exchanges are constantly consolidating the foundation of public opinion for the long-term development of the SCO.
"The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation stands on the right side of history, on the side of fairness and justice, and is of vital importance to the world."
From a geographical perspective, the current SCO spans across Asia, Europe, and Africa. Today's SCO story belongs not only to the region but also to the world.
With a population accounting for about half of the world's population and an economic aggregate accounting for about one-quarter of the global economy, the SCO not only profoundly reshapes the regional governance pattern but also has a constructive force with important international influence on reforming and improving the global governance system.
"The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation stands on the right side of history, on the side of fairness and justice, and is of vital importance to the world."
Looking back at World War II, countries fought side by side in the same trenches against fascism. In the test of blood and fire, life and death, deep friendship was forged, and a common memory was built. Remembering history and maintaining peace is the common will of the "SCO family."
At this Tianjin (天津) Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) will issue a statement with other member state leaders on the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations. Adhering to the correct view of the history of World War II and maintaining the post-war international order, the world will once again witness the "SCO's responsibility."
Each generation has its own tasks, and each generation needs to have its own responsibilities.
Today, standing at a new historical crossroads, facing the lingering shadow of power politics and bullying, and the frequent occurrence of international and regional conflicts, how can the SCO promote the development of the global governance system in a more just and reasonable direction?
"Resolutely oppose hegemony, domineering, and bullying, and make the multipolar world more equal and orderly; adhere to joint consultation, joint construction, and sharing, and make economic globalization more inclusive and beneficial; unite and lead the Global South, promote the establishment of a more just and reasonable global governance system, and gather tremendous strength for building a community with a shared future for mankind." President Xi Jinping (习近平) looks far ahead and points out the way forward amidst the chaos.
Taking the construction of a community with a shared future for the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation as a driving force for building a community with a shared future for mankind, China's concepts and actions are consistent. At the Tianjin (天津) Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) will sign and issue the "Tianjin (天津) Declaration" with other member state leaders and approve the "SCO Development Strategy for the Next 10 Years." The world is looking forward to the SCO's constructive new methods and paths for maintaining the post-World War II international order and improving the global governance system.
From "SCO" to "SCO+", the pursuit of openness and inclusiveness is further demonstrated, and the momentum of multilateral cooperation is further enhanced. A year ago, in Astana, the summit was held for the first time in the form of "Shanghai Cooperation Organisation+", with good friends and new partners gathered together, "indicating that the organization's concept is widely welcomed and that member states have friends all over the world under the new conditions of the times." During the Tianjin (天津) Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) will host the "SCO+" meeting, and the solidarity and self-reliance of the Global South will usher in another important moment.
The vision of cooperation is also cast towards a wider region. Carrying out extensive cooperation with international and regional organizations such as the United Nations, ASEAN, and the Commonwealth of Independent States, the SCO has built a multi-level, wide-ranging, and three-dimensional partnership network. In 2023, the United Nations General Assembly voted to adopt the resolution "Cooperation between the United Nations and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation." This time, the heads of 10 international organizations have also been invited to the banks of the Hai River to discuss cooperation plans. Replacing closure with openness, confrontation with cooperation, and using collective strength, unity, and cooperation to jointly address threats and challenges is a vivid interpretation of promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
The curtain of the Tianjin (天津) Summit is slowly opening, and a new page of cooperation is about to be written. Drawing a new blueprint for development and gathering new consensus on cooperation, the SCO giant ship will set off again from China and sail towards a more magnificent new voyage.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), August 29th - To solemnly commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, with the approval of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, the State Council issued a notice announcing the fourth batch of 34 national-level memorial facilities and sites of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression; the Ministry of Veterans Affairs issued an announcement announcing the fourth batch of 43 famous anti-Japanese martyrs and heroic groups.
The Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression is the longest, largest, and most sacrificial national liberation struggle of the Chinese people against foreign aggression in modern times, and it is also the first national liberation struggle to achieve complete victory. This great victory completely shattered the Japanese militarists' plot to colonize and enslave China, re-established China's status as a major power in the world, established a historical turning point for the Chinese nation to move from a deep crisis in modern times to a great rejuvenation, laid an important foundation for the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups across the country to achieve national independence and people's liberation and establish a new China, and also had a significant and far-reaching impact on the victory of the people of all countries in the world in winning the anti-fascist war and striving for world peace. In the 14 years of arduous and bloody struggle, a large number of anti-Japanese martyrs and heroic groups emerged. The patriotic feelings of **天下兴亡，匹夫有责** (tiān xià xīng wáng, pǐ fū yǒu zé - "everyone is responsible for the fate of their country," it is everyone's responsibility to be concerned about the fate of their country), the national integrity of **视死如归，宁死不屈** (shì sǐ rú guī, níng sǐ bù qū - "regard death as going home, rather die than submit," to face death unflinchingly; to rather die than surrender), the heroic spirit of not fearing violence and fighting to the end, and the indomitable and unyielding belief in victory that they demonstrated are forever the invaluable spiritual wealth of the Chinese people. Their great achievements will shine with the sun and the moon and be forever recorded in history.
The national-level memorial facilities and sites of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression announced this time were selected on the basis of local selection and recommendation, public solicitation from society, on-site investigation and inspection, and concentrated research and argumentation by experts and relevant departments, taking into account memorial significance, construction scale, protection and management, and the role played. They mainly include facilities and sites commemorating important battles and battles during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, famous martyrs and international friends who made outstanding contributions to the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, overseas Chinese and overseas War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, as well as facilities and sites reflecting the crimes of the Japanese army's invasion of China. Most of them have been announced as national patriotic education demonstration bases, national key cultural relics protection units, national martyr memorial facilities, national red tourism classic scenic spots, and national defense education demonstration bases. The selection of famous anti-Japanese martyrs and heroic groups comprehensively considers the martyrs' positions, anti-Japanese deeds, sacrifice details, and social influence, covering all aspects of the anti-Japanese national united front, including the Eighth Route Army (八路军), the New Fourth Army (新四军), the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army (东北抗日联军), the South China Guerrilla (华南游击队) and other people's anti-Japanese armed forces under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Kuomintang (国民党) anti-Japanese generals, and representatives of different groups such as international friends who aided China.
The State Council notice pointed out that all regions and relevant departments should further strengthen the protection and management of memorial facilities and sites of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, do a good job in the excavation, sorting, publicity and display of historical materials and cultural relics of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the deeds of martyrs, widely carry out mass visits, memorial services, and commemorative activities, organize the study of the heroic deeds of anti-Japanese martyrs, and educate and guide the general public, especially young people, to fully recognize the crimes committed by the Japanese militarist invaders, remember the history of the Chinese nation's resistance to aggression and courageous struggle, as well as the great national sacrifices and important historical contributions made by the Chinese people to the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War, vigorously promote the great national spirit and the spirit of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and further enhance national cohesion and centripetal force, and unremittingly strive to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
Return to TopHebei Province
Fuping County Martyrs Cemetery (阜平县烈士陵园) is located at Lingyuan Road, Dongsi Community, Fuping County, Baoding City, Hebei Province (河北省保定市阜平县东寺社区陵园路).
Chahar Martyrs Cemetery (察哈尔烈士陵园) is located at No. 38, Lingyuan Road, Qiaodong District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province (河北省张家口市桥东区陵园路38号).
Shanxi Province
Former Site of the Headquarters of the First Army of the North China Dispatch Army of the Japanese Invading Army (侵华日军华北派遣军第一军军部大楼旧址) is located at No. 1, Xinmin North Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province (山西省太原市杏花岭区新民北街1号).
Former Site of the Taiyue Military Region Headquarters (太岳军区司令部旧址) is located in Yanzhai Village, Qinhe Town, Qinyuan County, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province (山西省长治市沁源县沁河镇阎寨村).
Site of the Yangmingbao Airport Night Raid by the Eighth Route Army (八路军夜袭阳明堡机场遗址) is located in Bosui Village, Yangmingbao Town, Daixian County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province (山西省忻州市代县阳明堡镇泊水村).
Jin Sui Liberated Area Martyrs Cemetery (晋绥解放区烈士陵园) is located at No. 20, Dongcheng Street, Weifen Town, Xingxian County, Luliang City, Shanxi Province (山西省吕梁市兴县蔚汾镇东城街20号).
Red Army Eastern Expedition Memorial Hall (红军东征纪念馆) is located on Dongzheng Street, Shilou County, Luliang City, Shanxi Province (山西省吕梁市石楼县东征大街).
Liaoning Province
Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army Chengzishan Base Site (东北抗联城子山根据地遗址) is located in Chengzishan Scenic Area, Liangquan Town, Xifeng County, Tieling City, Liaoning Province (辽宁省铁岭市西丰县凉泉镇城子山风景区).
Jilin Province
Hongshilazi Anti-Japanese Base Site (红石砬子抗日根据地遗址) is located in the Hongshilazi Mountain Area, Panshi City, Jilin City, Jilin Province (吉林省吉林市磐石市红石砬子山区).
Monument to the Miners Who Died at Shi Ren Xue Lei Mountain (石人血泪山死难矿工纪念地) is located on Guanghuan Street, Dashiren Town, Jiangyuan District, Baishan City, Jilin Province (吉林省白山市江源区大石人镇光环街).
Changbai Mountain Lao Hei He Site (长白山老黑河遗址) is located at the intersection of Baihua Road and Yucai Road, Fusong County, Baishan City, Jilin Province (吉林省白山市抚松县白桦路与育才路交叉路口).
Heilongjiang Province
Chaoyangshan Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army Third Route Army Secret Camp Site (朝阳山东北抗联第三路军密营遗址) is located in Chaoyang Township, Wudalianchi City, Heihe City, Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省黑河市五大连池市朝阳乡).
Shandong Province
Bohai Area Anti-Japanese Martyrs Shrine (渤海区抗战烈士祠) is located in Dongsui Village, Niuzhuang Town, Dongying District, Dongying City, Shandong Province (山东省东营市东营区牛庄镇东隋村).
Bohai Reclamation Area Revolutionary Memorial Hall (渤海垦区革命纪念馆) is located at No. 19, Jing'er Road, Yongan Town, Kenli District, Dongying City, Shandong Province (山东省东营市垦利区永安镇经二路19号).
Su Jiagu Anti-Japanese Martyrs Cemetery (苏家崮抗日烈士陵园) is located in Zhengcheng Town, Pingyi County, Linyi City, Shandong Province (山东省临沂市平邑县郑城镇).
Fan Zhuxian Martyrs Memorial Hall (范筑先烈士纪念馆) is located at No. 1, Gulou North Street, Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province (山东省聊城市东昌府区古楼北大街1号).
Guanxian Sixty-Two Martyrs Memorial Hall (冠县六十二烈士纪念馆) is located in Houtianzhuang Village, Donggu Town, Guanxian County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province (山东省聊城市冠县东古城镇后田庄村).
Bohai Revolutionary Old Area Memorial Park (渤海革命老区纪念园) is located on Fenghuang Eight Road, Binbei Street, Bincheng District, Binzhou City, Shandong Province (山东省滨州市滨城区滨北街道凤凰八路).
Henan Province
Zhengzhou Martyrs Cemetery (郑州烈士陵园) is located at No. 11, Danqing Road, Erqi District, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province (河南省郑州市二七区丹青路11号).
Former Site of the Eighth Route Army Office in Luoyang (八路军驻洛办事处旧址) is located at No. 222, Jiudu East Road, Laocheng District, Luoyang City, Henan Province (河南省洛阳市老城区九都东路222号).
Former Site of the CPC Central Plains Bureau (中共中央中原局旧址) is located at No. 119, Yan'an Street, Zhugou Town, Queshan County, Zhumadian City, Henan Province (河南省驻马店市确山县竹沟镇延安街119号).
Hubei Province
Former Site of the CPC Yu-E Border Region Committee (中共豫鄂边区委员会旧址) is located in Xiaohuanling Village, Xinshi Street, Jingshan City, Jingmen City, Hubei Province (湖北省荆门市京山市新市街道小焕岭村).
Hunan Province
Tianxin Pavilion Anti-Japanese War Memorial Facilities (天心阁抗战纪念设施) is located at No. 17, Tianxin Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province (湖南省长沙市天心区天心路17号).
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
Liuzhou Old Airport and City Defense Works Site (柳州旧机场及城防工事群旧址) is located at No. 86, Hangyin Road, Liunan District, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西壮族自治区柳州市柳南区航银路86号).
Chongqing Municipality
Yucai School Site (育才学校旧址) is located in Gusheng Village, Caojie Street, Hechuan District, Chongqing Municipality (重庆市合川区草街街道古圣村).
Guizhou Province
China Red Cross Society Rescue Headquarters Guiyang Tuyunguan Anti-Japanese War Memorial Park (中国红十字会救护总队贵阳图云关抗战纪念园) is located in the Forest Park, Yuanlin Road, Nanming District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province (贵州省贵阳市南明区园林路森林公园).
Former Site of Zhejiang University in Meitan (湄潭浙江大学旧址) is located in Meijiang Town and Yongxing Town, Meitan County, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province (贵州省遵义市湄潭县湄江镇和永兴镇).
Shaanxi Province
Changleyuan Anti-Japanese War Industrial Site (长乐塬抗战工业遗址) is located at No. 7, Xinfeng Lane, Jintai District, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province (陕西省宝鸡市金台区新风巷7号).
Memorial Site of the Eighth Route Army Crossing the Yellow River to Fight Against Japan (八路军东渡黄河出师抗日纪念地) is located in Fenghuangtai, Zhichuan Town, Hancheng City, Weinan City, Shaanxi Province (陕西省渭南市韩城市芝川镇凤凰台).
Gansu Province
Rewi Alley and He Ke Cemetery (艾黎与何克陵园) is located at No. 2, Nandajie Street, Qingquan Town, Shandan County, Zhangye City, Gansu Province (甘肃省张掖市山丹县清泉镇南大街2号).
Macau Special Administrative Region
Kiang Wu Historical Archive (镜湖历史纪念馆) is located at No. 68, Lian Sheng Street, Macau Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区连胜街68号).
Philippines
Philippine Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Martyrs Monument (菲律宾华侨抗日烈士纪念碑) is located in the Overseas Chinese Cemetery north of Chinatown, Manila, Philippines (菲律宾马尼拉中国城北部华侨义山公墓).
Malaysia
Selangor Overseas Chinese Motor Vehicle Workers' Memorial to Those Who Died in the War of Resistance Against Japan (雪兰莪华侨机工回国抗战殉难纪念碑) is located on Jalan Kerayong, Kwangtung Cemetery, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (马来西亚吉隆坡广东义山克拉容路).
Myanmar
Myitkyina Memorial Facility for the Fallen Soldiers of the Chinese Expeditionary Force (密支那中国远征军阵亡将士纪念设施) is located in the Chinese Cemetery in the suburbs of Shuise District, Myitkyina City, Kachin State, Myanmar (缅甸克钦邦密支那市水色区市郊华人墓园).
(Source: China Government Network)
Return to TopName of Martyr Position at Time of Sacrifice
Cao Jixi (曹基锡) (1904-1932) Secretary of the CPC Yanji District Committee (中共延吉区委书记)
Chen Jinghu (陈镜湖) (1901-1933) Secretary of the CPC Inner Mongolia Special Committee (中共内蒙古特委书记), Councilor of the Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Allied Army (察哈尔民众抗日同盟军参议)
Zheng Guilin (郑桂林) (1889-1933) Commander of the 1st Division of the 4th Army of the Chahar People's Anti-Japanese Allied Army (察哈尔民众抗日同盟军第4军1师师长)
Gai Zhonghua (盖中华) (1901-1935) Commander of the 3rd Route Army of the Northeast People's Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army (东北民众抗日义勇军第3路军司令)
Li Xiangshan (李向山) (1884-1937) Adjutant of the 1st Division of the 1st Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army (东北抗日联军第1军1师副官)
Dai Yongzhang (戴用章) (1910-1937) Squadron Leader of the 5th Squadron of the 3rd Aviation Brigade of the Air Force (空军第3航空大队5中队中队长)
Alexander Vasilyevich Orekhov (亚历山大·瓦西里耶维奇·奥列霍夫) (1912-1938) Pilot of the Soviet Air Force Volunteer Team (苏联空军志愿队飞行员)
Cheng Benhua (成本华) (1914-1938) Member of the He County Anti-Japanese People's Self-Defense Force (和县抗日人民自卫军成员)
Yang Fazhen (杨法震) (1905-1938) Attached Officer of the 102nd Regiment of the 17th Division of the National Revolutionary Army (国民革命军第38军17师102团团附)
Zhang Gengliang (张庚良) (1908-1938) Quartermaster of the Direct Supply Transport Battalion of the 177th Division of the 96th Army of the National Revolutionary Army (国民革命军第96军177师直属辎重营军需官)
Yan Purun (阎普润) (1906-1938) Commander of the 992nd Regiment of the 496th Brigade of the 166th Division of the 91st Army of the National Revolutionary Army (国民革命军第91军166师496旅992团团长)
Wei Yiqing (韦一青) (1909-1939) Squadron Leader of the 32nd Squadron of the 3rd Aviation Brigade of the Air Force (空军第3航空大队32中队中队长)
Wu Shiying (伍世英) (1909-1939) Secretary of the Underground Party Working Committee of the 112th Division of the Northeast Army (东北军112师地下党工委书记)
Zhang Xingde (张兴德) (1909-1939) Director of the Political Department of the 1st Division of the 11th Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army (东北抗日联军第11军1师政治部主任)
Yu Hua (郁华) (1884-1939) Section Chief of the Judicial Administration Department of the National Government (国民政府司法行政部科长), Presiding Judge of the Criminal Division of the Second Branch of the Jiangsu High Court (江苏高等法院第二分院刑庭庭长)
Hong Daping (洪大平) (1913-1939) Deputy Commander of the 4th Regiment of the 2nd Military Sub-district of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region of the Eighth Route Army (八路军晋察冀军区2分区4团副团长)
Yi Guangyan (蚁光炎) (1879-1939) Famous patriotic overseas Chinese leader (著名爱国侨领)
Chen Shuhui (陈曙辉) (1915-1940) Staff Officer of the New 8th Brigade of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army (八路军第129师新8旅参谋)
Zhou Shiying (周时英) (1915-1940) Deputy Section Chief of the Propaganda Section of the Political Department of the New Fourth Army (新四军政治部宣传科副科长)
Huang Jinrong (黄金容) (1902-1940) Secretary of the CPC Dan County Committee (中共儋县县委书记), Political Instructor of the 6th Detachment of the Independent Column of the Qiongya Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Force (琼崖抗日游击队独立总队第6大队政训员)
Fu Ke (符克) (1914-1940) Director of the Qiongya Overseas Chinese Returning Home to Resist Japan Service Corps (琼崖华侨回乡抗战服务团总团团长)
Wang Ping (王平) (1914-1941) County Magistrate of Zuoyun County, Shanxi Province (山西省左云县县长)
Wang He (王禾) (1929-1941) Member of the Children's Corps of Langyagou Village, Nanmazhuang Township, Laiyuan County (涞源县南马庄乡狼牙口村儿童团团员)
Zuo Qingchen (左清臣) (1904-1941) Deputy Commander of the 8th Regiment of the 358th Brigade of the 120th Division of the Eighth Route Army (八路军第120师358旅8团副团长)
Liu Mingqin (刘鸣琴) (1914-1941) Battalion Commander of the 2nd Battalion of the 17th Regiment of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region of the Eighth Route Army (八路军晋察冀军区17团2营营长)
Zhang Zhengkun (张正坤) (1898-1941) Commander of the 3rd Column of the New Fourth Army (新四军第3纵队司令员)
Zhao Qi (赵起) (1898-1941) Squadron Leader of the 3rd Squadron of the Pingbei Detachment (平北支队3中队中队长)
Gao Song (高嵩) (1908-1941) Deputy Commander of the 3rd Military Region of Shandong Province (山东省第3军区副司令员)
Zhu Mingjie (朱蓂阶) (1900-1942) Principal of Shandong Public School (山东公学校长)
Zheng Shaoyu (郑少愚) (1911-1942) Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Sino-American Air Force Joint Command (中美空军联合指挥部副总指挥)
Hou Yilu (侯宜禄) (1913-1942) Commander of the Independent Regiment of the New 111th Division of the Eighth Route Army (八路军新111师独立团团长)
Chang Enduo (常恩多) (1896-1942) Commander of the New 111th Division of the Eighth Route Army (八路军新111师师长)
Zhu Xiang (朱祥) (1916-1944) Commander of the 8th Light Bomber Squadron of the Air Force (空军轻型轰炸机第8大队大队长)
Liu Yi (刘一) (1904-1944) Commander of the 435th Regiment of the 145th Division of the 21st Army of the National Revolutionary Army (国民革命军第21军145师435团团长)
Li Zemin (李泽民) (1909-1944) Deputy Commander of the 2nd Detachment of the Independent Column of the Qiongya Anti-Japanese Guerrilla Force (琼崖抗日游击队独立总队第2支队副支队长)
Zhou Dingming (周鼎铭) (1901-1944) Colonel Adjutant of the 36th Army Group of the National Revolutionary Army (国民革命军第36集团军上校副官处长)
Ke Zhilan (柯芝兰) (1905-1944) Nurse of the Romanian Aid-China Medical Team (罗马尼亚援华医疗队护士)
Gao Peixian (高培显) (1907-1944) Commander of the 5th Detachment of the Independent Brigade of the New Fourth Army (新四军独立旅第5大队大队长)
Eric Liddell (李爱锐) (1902-1945) British Sprinter, International Friend Aiding China (英国短跑名将、援华国际友人)
Zhang Zhifa (张智发) (1907-1945) Commander of the 26th Regiment of the New 9th Brigade of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army (八路军第129师新9旅26团团长)
Cao Jiting (曹吉亭) (1912-1945) Director of the Political Department of the 3rd Independent Regiment of the Binhai Military Region of the Eighth Route Army (八路军滨海军区独立第3团政治处主任)
Name of Heroic Group Unit
Qiqihar Secret Military Intelligence Station Espionage Stars (齐齐哈尔秘密军事情报站谍报双星) (1937) "Popov" Communist International Secret Military Intelligence Station (“波波夫”共产国际秘密军事情报站)
Eighty-Five Warriors of Waitougu (歪头崮八十五勇士) (1943) 2nd Company, 1st Battalion, 2nd Regiment of the Luzhong Military Sub-district of the Eighth Route Army (八路军鲁中军分区2团1营2连)
(Source: Ministry of Veterans Affairs) (退役军人事务部)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 龚 鸣 白紫微
On August 29th, the press center for the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War held its second press conference. Vice Foreign Minister Ma Zhaoxu (马朝旭) introduced the relevant situation of adhering to peaceful development and promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Ma Zhaoxu (马朝旭) said that President Xi Jinping (习近平) has put forward the major concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind with a broad vision, answering the world's question, the historical question, and the question of the times of "where is humanity going," pointing out the direction for world peace and development at a historical turning point, and gathering a strong consensus for the common progress of mankind.
Ma Zhaoxu (马朝旭) said that the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind inherits and carries forward the diplomatic concepts, strategic thinking, and fine traditions since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and has been continuously enriched and developed in the magnificent practice of major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics, and has become an international public product with significant symbolic significance in today's world.
Since 2021, President Xi Jinping (习近平) has successively proposed the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, pointing out the direction of human social progress from the three dimensions of development, security, and civilization, providing solid support for promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. More than 100 countries and international organizations support and participate in the Global Development Initiative cooperation, and more than 80 countries have joined the "Group of Friends of the Global Development Initiative"; the Global Security Initiative has been supported by more than 130 countries and international and regional organizations, and has been clearly written into more than 140 Chinese and foreign bilateral and multilateral documents; the Global Civilization Initiative is increasingly becoming a global consensus and has been written into United Nations resolutions and various bilateral and multilateral documents many times, and June 10th each year has been designated as "International Day for Dialogue among Civilizations"... Ma Zhaoxu (马朝旭) said that China is willing to work with all parties to implement the three major global initiatives and inject more stability and certainty into the international community.
Head-of-state diplomacy is the highest form of Chinese diplomacy and plays a decisive role in major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, President Xi Jinping (习近平) has personally planned, personally implemented, and personally carried out head-of-state diplomacy with many highlights and climaxes, making 55 foreign visits to 72 countries, with his footprints all over the five continents, and receiving more than 230 foreign heads of state for state visits to China.
China actively promotes the construction of a major-country relationship pattern featuring peaceful coexistence, overall stability, and balanced development. China-Russia relations are the most stable, mature, and strategically rich set of major-country relations in today's turbulent and changing world. The two sides will promote the correct view of the history of World War II, defend the achievements of the victory of World War II, and promote the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era, making greater contributions to the cause of human progress. Since the beginning of this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) has had two phone calls and multiple communications with US President Trump, steering the giant ship of China-US relations. This year marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the European Union. When meeting with EU leaders, President Xi Jinping (习近平) profoundly summarized the important experiences and inspirations of the 50 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the EU, namely mutual respect, seeking common ground while reserving differences, opening up and cooperation, and mutual benefit and win-win results.
At present, the construction of a community with a shared future in the surrounding areas has continuously achieved new progress and reached new levels. Ma Zhaoxu (马朝旭) said that China will actively practice the concepts and policies of amity, security, prosperity, affinity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness, and a community with a shared future, and work with neighboring countries to write a new chapter in building a community with a shared future in the surrounding areas.
China has always been a member of the Global South and will always belong to developing countries. Ma Zhaoxu (马朝旭) said that we will uphold the correct concept of righteousness and benefit and the concept of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith, continue to deepen strategic mutual trust and pragmatic cooperation with Global South countries, support Global South countries in exploring development paths that suit their own national conditions, and be fellow travelers and good partners in building a community with a shared future for mankind.
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. Resolutely safeguarding the authority and status of the United Nations, maintaining the achievements of the victory of World War II and the post-war international order are matters concerning human peace and development. "A series of major crises and challenges in recent years have repeatedly warned us that the role of the United Nations can only be strengthened, not weakened; the status of the United Nations must be maintained, not replaced." Ma Zhaoxu (马朝旭) said that the major concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind put forward by President Xi Jinping (习近平) highly conforms to the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter. China takes the lead in practicing true multilateralism and firmly supports the United Nations in playing a central role in international affairs. China has made important contributions under the United Nations framework to promoting the political settlement of hotspot issues, reforming the international economic and financial system, safeguarding the interests of developing countries, and addressing global challenges such as climate change.
Taiwan's return to China is an important part of the achievements of the victory of World War II and the post-war international order. A series of documents with international legal effect, such as the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation, confirmed China's sovereignty over Taiwan. The historical and legal fact that Taiwan belongs to China is beyond doubt. "Safeguarding national sovereignty, security, and development interests is the sacred mission of Chinese diplomacy." Ma Zhaoxu (马朝旭) said that at present, the international community's pattern of adhering to the one-China principle is more consolidated, and the Chinese people's just cause of opposing "Taiwan independence" separatist activities and striving to complete national reunification has gained widespread understanding and support from the international community. The general trend that China will eventually be reunified and will inevitably be reunified is unstoppable.
This year marks the 10th anniversary of the conclusion of the Paris Agreement. As one of the important driving forces of the Paris Agreement, under the guidance of Xi Jinping's (习近平) ecological civilization thought, China is steadily advancing the "dual carbon" goals and actively carrying out international climate cooperation, becoming a firm actionist and important contributor to the world's green development. Ma Zhaoxu (马朝旭) said that we will follow the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Paris Agreement, anchor green and low-carbon development, deepen international cooperation, and jointly address the climate crisis through multilateral governance.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张 璁
During the Anti-Japanese War, the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) clearly put forward the correct proposition of establishing an anti-Japanese national united front. At that time, China's democratic parties, together with the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), adhered to the Anti-Japanese War, maintained unity, and promoted democracy. From sympathizing with, supporting, and leaning towards the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), they gradually formed a political consensus, making important contributions to consolidating and expanding the anti-Japanese national united front and winning the victory of the national Anti-Japanese War. On August 29, the press center for the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War held its first press conference, where five leading comrades from the central committees of the democratic parties introduced their understanding of the Anti-Japanese War and answered questions from reporters.
"Through the Anti-Japanese War, many senior members of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (中国国民党革命委员会) increasingly realized that the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) was the mainstay of the Anti-Japanese War and the leader of national rejuvenation." Chen Xingying (陈星莺), Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (中国国民党革命委员会), said that the cooperation between the democratic parties and the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) during the Anti-Japanese War inspires us to unswervingly accept the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), to unite sincerely, and to form an indestructible and powerful force.
At a time when the nation's survival was at stake, the China Zhi Gong Party (中国致公党) resolutely plunged into the torrent of the anti-Japanese national salvation movement, becoming one of the first democratic parties to respond to the call of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党). Lu Guoyi (卢国懿), Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the China Zhi Gong Party (中国致公党), summarized the cooperation between the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and the democratic parties during the Anti-Japanese War as "from acquaintance to understanding," "from proximity to closeness," and "from compatriots to comrades."
"Under the call of the anti-Japanese national united front, Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad, including the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party (中国农工民主党), united as never before, thinking in one direction and exerting their strength in one direction." Wang Lu (王路), Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party (中国农工民主党), said that during the Anti-Japanese War, many members of the Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party (中国农工民主党) joined the Eighth Route Army (八路军) and the New Fourth Army (新四军). To commemorate the great victory of the Anti-Japanese War, it is necessary to deeply recognize that the Communist Party of China's (中国共产党) role as the mainstay was the key to the victory of the Chinese people's Anti-Japanese War.
This year also marks the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's Retrocession. During the 50 years of Japanese occupation of Taiwan, Taiwanese compatriots with a glorious tradition of patriotism, together with their compatriots in mainland China, bravely resisted the Japanese invaders. More than 650,000 Taiwanese compatriots generously went to their deaths, making indelible contributions to safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity.
In recent years, the Democratic Progressive Party (民进党) authorities have promoted a "Taiwan independence" view of history, implemented a "de-Sinicization" policy, deliberately distorted history, and even whitewashed and beautified Japanese colonial rule, intending to sever the historical connection and spiritual ties between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.
"More than 80 years ago, countless Taiwanese compatriots, holding the belief of 'saving Taiwan must first save the motherland,' combined their fate with the fate of the motherland and plunged into the torrent of the national Anti-Japanese War." Jiang Liping (江利平), Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League (台湾民主自治同盟), said that the TDSL (台盟) will inherit and carry forward the glorious tradition of patriotism of Taiwanese compatriots and strive to contribute to the building of a strong country and the rejuvenation of the nation.
Chen Xingying (陈星莺) introduced that in recent years, the Central Committee of the Revolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang (民革中央) has actively promoted the sharing of historical materials and the joint revision of history books between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. "We will actively promote the formation of a warm atmosphere in which all sectors on both sides of the Taiwan Strait can talk about the Anti-Japanese War, remember the martyrs together, and create a future together, and enhance the spiritual bond and the spirit of self-improvement of the compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait."
"The China Zhi Gong Party (致公党) originated from the patriotic enthusiasm of the vast number of overseas Chinese." Lu Guoyi (卢国懿) introduced that during the Anti-Japanese War, the China Zhi Gong Party (致公党) organized overseas Chinese youth to resist Japan and save the country; more than 3,000 Nanyang overseas Chinese mechanics transported international aid materials to China on the Yunnan-Burma Road, braving the flames of war. Lu Guoyi (卢国懿) said that we must dedicate ourselves to public service, follow the Party, and serve the country with overseas Chinese affairs, and widely gather the wisdom and strength of Chinese sons and daughters at home and abroad to make new contributions to promoting the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
September 3, 1945, is the date of the founding of the Jiusan Society (九三学社), hence the name "Jiusan Society (九三学社)." "Inherit the tradition of serving the country with science and technology, and help achieve high-level self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology." Cong Bin (丛斌), Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Jiusan Society (九三学社), said, "Jiusan people" will take Wang Ganchang (王淦昌), Deng Jiaxian (邓稼先), and Wang Xuan (王选) and other older generation scientists as examples, guide the majority of members, especially young members, to integrate their personal ideals into national development, and practice their patriotic feelings in helping to build a strong country in science and technology.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 29th (北京) - This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. With a high sense of responsibility and mission, the publishing industry has closely focused on the theme of "remembering history, cherishing the memory of martyrs, cherishing peace, and creating the future," promoting the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and launching a number of high-quality masterpieces with excellent ideological, artistic, and readable qualities. These works are characterized by prominent themes, authoritative and valuable historical materials, and rich and vivid content, and have been well received by readers and have generated a positive social response.
A number of general history and thematic works vividly reproduce the historical scene of the Chinese military and civilians uniting as one and fighting bravely against the invaders under the banner of the anti-Japanese national united front advocated and established by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), focusing on demonstrating the unyielding backbone and spirit of the Chinese nation. The revised and republished "History of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-1945) (中华民族抗日战争史（1931—1945）)" presents the historical panorama and patriotic spirit of the Chinese nation's united resistance against Japan from political, military, and diplomatic perspectives, demonstrating the great image of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) as the mainstay of the national resistance against Japan. "A New Compilation of the History of World War II (新编第二次世界大战史)" presents a panoramic view of the grand picture of the World Anti-Fascist War, highlighting the position and contribution of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in the World Anti-Fascist War. The "Compilation of Archives of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (抗日战争档案汇编)" series is formulated by the State Archives Administration (国家档案局) to systematically organize the archives of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression preserved in comprehensive archives at all levels, providing detailed and reliable historical support for the study of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and helping to further promote the research and dissemination of the history of the War of Resistance. The "Series of Books on the Anti-Japanese War Behind Enemy Lines Led by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党领导的敌后抗战)" (22 volumes) comprehensively and vividly reflects the heroic feats and historical contributions of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) in formulating and implementing the comprehensive war of resistance line with a firm will to resist Japan and resolute anti-Japanese actions, and leading the Eighth Route Army (八路军), the New Fourth Army (新四军) and other anti-Japanese armed forces to advance behind enemy lines and resist the Japanese army. "Historical Materials on Japan's Decision-Making to Invade China (日本侵华决策史料丛编)" (46 volumes), "Compilation of Archives of the Japanese Army's Germ Warfare in World War II (二战日军细菌战档案汇编)" (18 volumes), and "Ironclad Evidence - Research on Newly Excavated Japanese Archives of the Invasion of China in Jilin Province (铁证如山——吉林省新发掘日本侵华档案研究)" (29 volumes) and other books, based on solid historical archives, deeply expose the crimes of Japan's invasion of China from multiple perspectives, including the aggressor, the victim, and the third party who witnessed Japan's invasion of China. "History of the Anti-Japanese Struggle of the Taiwanese People During the Japanese Occupation (日据时期台湾人民抗日斗争史)" comprehensively reflects the heroic struggle history of the Taiwanese people against Japanese colonial rule, elaborates on the important historical and practical significance of Taiwan's recovery, refutes the fallacies of the "Taiwan independence (台独)" separatist forces, and reveals the historical fact that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China's sacred territory. "The Complete History of Japanese 'Comfort Women' (日军“慰安妇”全史)" takes the three characteristics of "panoramic ironclad evidence, systematic and three-dimensional, and academic benchmark" to string together scattered historical materials into a complete chain of evidence, using 2 million words and more than 30 years of multinational field investigation results to record the real experiences of the victims and expose the barbaric acts of the Japanese invaders.
A number of academic research works adhere to the correct view of the history of the War of Resistance and the history of World War II, accurately grasp the historical process, mainstream, and essence of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, adhere to the unity of ideology and academic quality, adhere to recording history as it is, sing praises to heroes with deep affection, and pay attention to summarizing historical experience and drawing on the strength to forge ahead. There are new breakthroughs in the depth and breadth of research. "Mao Zedong (毛泽东), the Banner of the War of Resistance" systematically sorts out Comrade Mao Zedong's (毛泽东同志) accurate predictions of the Chinese War of Resistance, elaborates on his series of strategic thoughts and important measures on the anti-Japanese united front, protracted war, people's war, and guerrilla warfare, and demonstrates his banner-like and leading role in the Chinese War of Resistance. "The Southern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the Great War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (中共中央南方局与伟大的抗日战争)" recounts the achievements made by the Southern Bureau during the War of Resistance under the direct leadership of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央) in creatively carrying out its work, and its contribution to the victory of the War of Resistance. "People's Army's War Series · War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (人民军队征战丛书·抗日战争篇)" describes the arduous struggle waged by the anti-Japanese armed forces led by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) based on original telegrams, document archives, and other historical materials. The "Thematic Studies on the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (抗日战争专题研究)" series has now published 55 titles, targeting several special topics on the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, with more innovation in research direction, research content, framework system, and academic viewpoints. "Chinese Thought During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (抗战时期的中国思想)" comprehensively discusses the overall situation and characteristics of the development of Chinese thought during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, deeply reveals the glorious process of the national spirit of the Chinese nation being tempered and forged in the flames of the War of Resistance, and powerfully proves that the Communist Party of China's (中国共产党) role as the mainstay is the key to the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. "Research on the History of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Contemporary China (当代中国抗日战争史研究)" comprehensively reviews the research on the history of the War of Resistance since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, and shows the development context, important achievements, and innovative breakthroughs of the research. "Collection of Essays on the Study of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (抗日战争研究论集)" presents a panoramic view of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression with a broad historical vision, pays attention to summarizing and generalizing the laws of historical development, and elaborates on the important significance of the victory of the War of Resistance for the establishment of China's status as a major power.
A number of literary and artistic works deeply explore details, use objects to verify history, and reproduce the truth of history with simple emotions and vivid artistic language, telling the stories of unyielding and courageous resistance against Japan from multiple dimensions, demonstrating the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and possessing the power to warm people's hearts and inspire fighting spirit. "Secret Struggle: A Scholar's Cultural Resistance Against Japan (暗斗：一个书生的文化抗战)" tells the story of Zheng Zhenduo (郑振铎)'s efforts to preserve culture and continue the cultural heritage for the country during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, outlining a history of cultural resistance against Japan. "Cheqiao Cheqiao (车桥 车桥)" takes the New Fourth Army's (新四军) Cheqiao Campaign (车桥战役) in 1944 as the background, and presents a panoramic view of the prelude to the strategic counter-offensive against Japan in Central China. "Dipped in Fire (蘸火记)" takes the story of Zhangqiu (章丘) blacksmiths making guns to resist Japan as the main line, and tells the story of the anti-Japanese armed forces on Zhangqiu (章丘)'s Changling Mountain (长岭山) uniting to kill the enemy. "Family Letters from the War of Resistance (抗战家书)" (revised edition) includes nearly 100 family letters from more than 40 war of resistance veterans, telling the stories behind these family letters, and providing vivid materials and fresh perspectives for understanding the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. "My Grandfather Yang Jingyu (我的爷爷杨靖宇)" takes the family memory of Ma Jizhi (马继志), the grandson of General Yang Jingyu (杨靖宇将军), as a unique perspective, and vividly reproduces General Yang Jingyu's (杨靖宇将军) outstanding contributions, heroic deeds, and noble character in the War of Resistance through oral narration, demonstrating the inheritance of the red gene in the blood of future generations. "Unwavering Hearts: Foreign Friends During the War of Resistance Against Japan (无问西东：抗战时期的外国友人)" systematically sorts out the history of foreign friends from the fields of news, military, medical, and education supporting China's War of Resistance during the War of Resistance, and reproduces the magnificent picture of them fighting side by side with the Chinese military and civilians against fascism. "Three Hundred Poems of the War of Resistance Against Japan (抗战诗词三百首)" compiles poems with the theme of the War of Resistance from 1931 to 1945, combining poetry selection with narration, artistically reproducing the heroic deeds of people with lofty ideals in the War of Resistance, and leading readers to appreciate the glorious years. "Light and Shadow Landscape: Film and the War of Resistance Against Japan (光影山河：电影与抗战)" uses light and shadow to cast history, and presents the development context of the Chinese film industry in the 14 years of the War of Resistance through precious image materials and historical archives. "Authentication of Fine Arts: The History of the War of Resistance Against Japan in Fine Arts from 1931 to 1945 (丹青鉴证：1931—1945美术中的抗战历史)" includes more than 800 fine art works with the theme of the War of Resistance, vividly presenting the magnificent history of artists using fine art works to engrave the Chinese nation's united hatred against the enemy and bloody battle. "Victory and Peace - A Classic Collection of Comic Strips Commemorating the 80th Anniversary of the Victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War (胜利与和平——纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年连环画典藏)" selects 61 comic strip works with the theme of the War of Resistance, cleverly combining fiction and non-fiction, historical narrative and the stories of heroic figures, and reproducing the magnificent history of World War II from multiple angles. A batch of children's literature such as "Who Sings in the Forest (谁在林中歌唱)", "February Ballad (二月谣)", "Children's Troupe (孩子剧团)", "Jieyuan Flower Shop (芥园花铺)", "1938 Answers 2026 (1938回答2026)", "Bell (钟声)", "Bugle (号角)", "General's Order (将军令)", and "Summer Return (夏归)" tells the stories of the War of Resistance to teenagers and promotes the great spirit of the War of Resistance. In addition, a number of literary works such as "Red Star Over China (红星照耀中国)", "Chicken Feather Letter (鸡毛信)", "Little Hero Yu Lai (小英雄雨来)", "Little Soldier Zhang Ga (小兵张嘎)", and "The Diaries of John Rabe (拉贝日记)" have been revised and republished, fully demonstrating the charm of classic works and providing readers with a unique perspective to truly and objectively understand the history of the War of Resistance.
In order to do a good job in the publicity and promotion of books on the theme of the War of Resistance, the publishing industry has organized a series of colorful activities such as exhibitions and sales, new book readings, and serializations in newspapers and periodicals. In addition, book donation activities were also specially carried out, sending books to the grassroots level, which was welcomed by cadres and the masses.
Return to TopThe commemorative meeting for the 80th anniversary of the Victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War is about to be held, and the layout of the core area of Tiananmen Square (天安门广场) is basically ready.
The Monument to the People's Heroes (人民英雄纪念碑) and the Tiananmen Rostrum (天安门城楼) face each other across Chang'an Avenue (长安街), and the landscape arrangement is symmetrically arranged according to the main channel between the two points. There are a total of 80 red flags on the east and west sides of the square, symbolizing the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. Temporary grandstands are built in Tiananmen Square (天安门广场), plus the grandstand seats on both sides of Chang'an Avenue (长安街), which can accommodate more than 50,000 people watching the ceremony at the same time.
The grandstand is arranged in a "众 (zhòng)"-shaped stepped layout, and the landscape arrangement selects three kinds of plants: yellow peacock grass, green grass, and Begonia semperflorens.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), August 29th. Recently, the General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央办公厅) forwarded the "Notice of the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) and the Central Organization Department (中央组织部) on Seriously Organizing the Study of 'Xi Jinping: On Governance of China' Volume V'" and issued a notice requiring all regions and departments to conscientiously implement it in light of their actual conditions.
The full text of the "Notice of the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) and the Central Organization Department (中央组织部) on Seriously Organizing the Study of 'Xi Jinping: On Governance of China' Volume V'" is as follows.
Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is a major theoretical innovation that adheres to the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with the specific realities of China and with China's outstanding traditional culture. It is contemporary Chinese Marxism and 21st-century Marxism. It is the essence of Chinese culture and the spirit of China in this era. It has achieved a new leap in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, providing a scientific guide to action for comprehensively promoting the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-style modernization. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的二十大) profoundly expounded the rich connotation and practical requirements of the "two combinations," succinctly summarized the worldview, methodology, and the inherent standpoints, viewpoints, and methods of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and put forward new requirements for opening up new horizons in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and made arrangements for unremittingly using the Party's innovative theories to strengthen the soul and build the foundation.
The publication of Volumes I to IV of "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" has played an important role in arming the mind, guiding practice, and promoting work with Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and in helping the international community enhance its understanding of the Chinese path, Chinese governance, and Chinese theory. Since the publication of Volume IV of "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China," General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has further answered a series of major contemporary questions concerning the development of the cause of the Party and the country in the new practice of leading the governance of the country, and has enriched and developed the Party's theoretical innovation achievements with a series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new judgments.
With the approval of the Party Central Committee (党中央), the Central Propaganda Department (State Council Information Office) (中央宣传部（国务院新闻办）) , together with the Party History and Literature Research Office of the CPC Central Committee (中央党史和文献研究院) and the China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration (中国外文局), edited "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V. This book includes 91 reports, speeches, talks, addresses, congratulatory messages, articles, and instructions by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) from May 27, 2022, to December 20, 2024, divided into 18 topics. Some works are published for the first time.
"Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V vividly records the vivid practice of the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, coordinating the domestic and international situations, fully and accurately implementing the new development concept, focusing on promoting high-quality development, planning and promoting further comprehensive deepening of reform, promoting high-level opening up, overcoming difficulties, forging ahead, and promoting the comprehensive construction of a socialist modern country to take solid steps in the face of the severe and complex international environment and the arduous and heavy domestic reform, development, and stability tasks. It concentrates on demonstrating the latest achievements in adhering to the "two combinations" and promoting the adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times, and fully reflects the wisdom and solutions contributed by our Party to promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. It is an authoritative work that comprehensively and systematically reflects the latest achievements of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
The publication and distribution of "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V is of great significance for promoting the vast number of Party members, cadres, and the masses to further study and implement Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, to more deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments," to enhance the "four consciousnesses," strengthen the "four confidences," and achieve the "two safeguards," to unite as one to strive for the grand blueprint outlined by the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的二十大); and for helping the international community to understand the latest developments of this important thought in a timely manner, deepen their understanding of Chinese concepts, Chinese solutions, and Chinese wisdom, and work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
Conscientiously studying "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V is an important measure to arm the entire Party, educate the people, and guide practice with Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Party organizations at all levels should carefully organize and arrange to integrate "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V with Volumes I to IV as a whole, and guide the vast number of Party members and cadres to persistently read the original works, study the original text, and understand the principles, and truly achieve the integration of learning, thinking, and application, and the unity of knowledge, belief, and action. The theoretical study central groups of Party committees (Party groups) at all levels should include "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V in their study plans, continuously enhance the consciousness and firmness of studying thought, understanding thought, and applying thought, and transform the learning results into practical results in starting businesses and promoting high-quality development. Party schools (administrative colleges) and cadre colleges at all levels should incorporate "Xi Jinping: On Governance of China" Volume V into the important content of training and teaching, universities should use it as an important textbook for ideological and political education, and Party lecturers at all levels, as well as new era civilization practice centers and city and county-level integrated media centers, should strengthen targeted and segmented publicity and promotion, and continuously enhance its attractiveness and appeal. We must adhere to the Marxist style of integrating theory with practice, combine it with doing a good job in reform, development, stability, and other aspects of work, better use Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to unify thought, unify will, and unify action, creatively implement the Party Central Committee's (党中央) various decisions and deployments, and gather the mighty force to comprehensively promote the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 丁怡婷 常碧罗
1.02 trillion kilowatt-hours! In July, driven by multiple factors such as high temperatures and economic development, China's monthly electricity consumption exceeded 1 trillion kilowatt-hours for the first time, a year-on-year increase of 8.6%, which is also a first globally.
What is the concept of "1 trillion kilowatt-hours"? Horizontally, it is equivalent to the total annual electricity consumption of Japan; vertically, it is about twice the electricity consumption in China in July 2015.
Faced with the increasingly high and huge load test, why is there no power shortage this summer? Where does the confidence in ensuring supply come from?
Power sources are put into production in an orderly manner to ensure "supply can keep up."
During this year's peak summer season, the national electricity load broke historical records four times. In the State Grid (国家电网) operating area, the load of six regional power grids simultaneously reached new highs, the first time in nearly eight years. Regarding the recent "report card" for electricity supply security, Wang Hongzhi (王宏志), Director of the National Energy Administration (国家能源局), summarized it this way: "Energy security has 'withstood the peak and held the bottom line'."
In recent years, some countries in Europe and the Americas have experienced large-scale power outages, and some countries have implemented planned power outages due to high temperatures. A few years ago, rising international energy prices and tight domestic power supply and demand also led to power curtailments in some parts of China.
One of the reasons for the stable power supply this year is the accelerated planning and construction of various power sources, which jointly consolidate the basic foundation for power supply security.
In the eastern coastal areas, new units of China's largest thermal power plant under construction have been put into operation, with a single unit generating 6 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity per year and a significant reduction in coal consumption for power supply; on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原), China's largest single-unit wind power project in high-altitude areas has been connected to the grid, with an estimated annual on-grid electricity of nearly 1.4 billion kilowatt-hours; in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River (金沙江), the Huadian Jinshang Batang Hydropower Station (华电金上巴塘水电站) has been put into full-capacity operation, with an average annual power generation that can supply 1.75 million households for one year...
As of the end of July, the cumulative installed power generation capacity nationwide was 3.67 billion kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 18.2%, equivalent to more than 160 Three Gorges Dams (三峡电站). Various supporting and regulating power sources are opened as much as possible, and the supply of primary fuels such as coal and natural gas is sufficient to fully cope with the new high load test.
It is worth mentioning that the "green content" of power supply is constantly increasing. China has built the world's largest and fastest-growing renewable energy system, with new wind and solar power installations in 2024 accounting for more than 60% of the global total.
In the first half of this year, renewable energy power generation increased by 15.6% year-on-year, exceeding the sum of electricity consumption by the tertiary industry and urban and rural residents during the same period. Today, "one in every three kilowatt-hours of electricity is green electricity" in the total electricity consumption of the whole society.
The power grid is optimized and configured to ensure "stable transmission."
"Three or four years ago, the power supply was still relatively tight. Some shopping malls turned off escalators and unnecessary lighting. At that time, we responded to the call for energy conservation and reduced air conditioning," said Zeng Hong (曾红), a resident of Chongqing (重庆). This year, the highest temperature in Chongqing exceeded 40 degrees Celsius, and there was no problem with using both air conditioners and fans. "In July, our household electricity consumption increased by 25% year-on-year."
At Chongqing Sanyou Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (重庆三友机器制造有限责任公司), parts for intelligent connected vehicles are processed and tested in an orderly manner. "In previous years, we occasionally had to stagger peak electricity consumption, completing some production tasks in July and August ahead of schedule in May and June," said Zhu Chaoguang (朱朝广), head of the Environmental Safety Department of the company. This year, the power supply is stable, production is carried out in an orderly manner, and the output of auto parts in the first seven months increased by 10% year-on-year.
The reason for the change in electricity consumption experience is inseparable from the strong "external assistance" provided by Xinjiang (新疆) thousands of miles away. In June, the Hami-Chongqing UHV (哈密—重庆特高压) project transmitted electricity. During the same period, two 1 million kilowatt coal-fired power units jointly built by China Huadian (中国华电) and China Resources Group (华润集团) were put into operation. The electricity generated, together with wind and solar power, was sent to Chongqing, with a maximum transmission power exceeding 10% of the maximum load of the Chongqing power grid.
On one end is a massive power source, and on the other end are thousands of households. Ensuring power supply is inseparable from the full play of power grid resource allocation and regulation. In particular, China's energy resources and electricity load regional distribution are unbalanced, coupled with the complementarity of time zone differences and climate differences in various places, the space for staggered peak support of the power grid is broad.
This year, more than 160 key power grid projects for peak summer season were completed on schedule. As of June, China has put into operation more than 40 UHV AC and DC projects, with a cross-province and cross-regional transmission capacity of more than 400 million kilowatts, providing "hard guarantees" for power supply infrastructure.
Not only that, but there are also new "soft mechanisms." In July, a normalized power trading mechanism across power grid operating areas was launched, breaking the division of the power market between the State Grid (国网) and the Southern Power Grid (南网). More than 2 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity, equivalent to the annual electricity consumption of more than 800,000 households, are transmitted from Guangdong (广东), Guangxi (广西), and Yunnan (云南) to Shanghai (上海), Zhejiang (浙江), Anhui (安徽), and Fujian (福建) through the Min-Guangdong interconnection project (闽粤联网工程) and related channels, realizing mutual assistance and mutual protection of the power system nationwide.
Xinjiang's afternoon photovoltaic power generation "lights up" Beijing's (北京) night, and the hydropower in the southwest "lights up" the lights in eastern China. In the first seven months of this year, the national cross-province and cross-regional transaction electricity volume was 855.8 billion kilowatt-hours, a year-on-year increase of 9%.
Flexible energy storage regulation to ensure "good use."
New energy provides a lot of green electricity support, but it also has shortcomings. Their power generation output is unstable, such as "no wind in extreme heat" and "no light in the evening peak." At this time, energy storage, this "super charging treasure," is needed to store electricity during low electricity consumption periods and discharge electricity during peak periods.
In the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区), the number of full-capacity starts of 31 pumped storage units during this year's peak summer season increased significantly year-on-year, with the maximum daily regulation electricity exceeding 100 million kilowatt-hours; in Jiangsu (江苏), 93 new energy storage power stations concentrated on discharging electricity to the grid during the evening peak electricity consumption period, and the actual maximum call scale was equivalent to lighting more than 70 million 100-watt light bulbs at the same time. Data shows that China's new energy storage installed capacity has increased nearly 30 times in 5 years.
On the one hand, power sources, power grids, energy storage, etc. are working together from the supply side; on the other hand, demand-side resources that were once "sleeping," such as air conditioners and electric vehicle charging piles, are also being awakened.
From the perspective of many years of power operation, the peak load that exceeds 95% of the national annual electricity load only occurs for dozens of hours. Relying solely on supply-side construction is very costly in terms of investment and the utilization rate of resources is not high. If the potential of the demand side can be tapped through flexible measures such as time-of-use electricity prices and precise energy conservation, and electricity consumption can be appropriately staggered during these dozens of hours, a lot of resources will be saved.
Since July, the electricity load in Hefei (合肥), Anhui (安徽) has exceeded the extreme value of last year more than 20 times. In order to alleviate electricity consumption pressure, the local government has launched a residential energy conservation response activity, guiding reasonable electricity consumption through certain rewards. Ms. Li (李女士) signed up for the event: "After dinner, I turned off the appliances at home and went out shopping with my family. I also staggered the peak for charging my electric car. It's not troublesome and I can get rewards."
Zheng Kangzhen (郑抗震), Deputy Director of the Marketing Department of State Grid Anhui Electric Power (国网安徽电力市场营销部), introduced that since the launch of the energy conservation response activity, the province has attracted more than 5.43 million households to sign up, with a maximum daily load reduction of 990,000 kilowatts, equivalent to reducing nearly 1.5% of the peak load.
In Sichuan (四川), the first "orderly charging and discharging" residential community virtual power plant was put into operation this year. Car owners charge during low electricity consumption periods as agreed and discharge to the community's commercial transformer during peak electricity consumption periods, and can enjoy free charging benefits.
"According to calculations, if 30 cars are discharging at the same time, it can basically cover the load of the community's commercial transformer, alleviating the pressure on the power grid during peak electricity consumption periods," said Wu Wenjun (吴文军), a staff member of the Marketing Department of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Tianfu New Area Power Supply Company (国网四川电力天府新区供电公司营销部).
"Energy security and safety are related to the national economy and the people's livelihood, and are a 'major national matter' that cannot be ignored for a moment." Extending the timeline, China's power generation in 1949 was only 4.3 billion kilowatt-hours. By 2024, power generation has rapidly increased to over 10 trillion kilowatt-hours, accounting for about 1/3 of the global total. It has built the world's largest power supply system.
In the future, a new type of power system that is clean and low-carbon, safe and abundant, economical and efficient, supply and demand coordinated, and flexible and intelligent will better light up our beautiful life and bring more vitality to China's economic development.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 29th (Reporter Yang Zhanfei (杨湛菲)) This year, August 29th marks the seventh day of the seventh lunar month, the Qixi Festival (七夕节), a traditional Chinese festival. To inherit and promote outstanding traditional Chinese culture and deeply advance the revitalization of traditional festivals, the theme cultural activity "Our Festival·Qixi" is being carried out across the country around the Qixi Festival. Various regions are holding distinctive activities relying on the New Era Civilization Practice Centers (Institutes, Stations) to allow people to immerse themselves in the unique cultural charm of the Qixi Festival.
Traditional customs such as inviting the Seventh Sister (七姐), steaming flower buns, and listening to evening talks under grape trellises are reappearing in their splendor. Handicraft activities such as threading needles, weaving cloth, paper-cutting, and clay sculpting are full of fun. Lectures on healthy marriage and love culture, Qiqiao (乞巧) duet competitions, and book sharing sessions attract attention. Food and cultural and creative product markets and other activities are rich in characteristics.
Dongtai (东台), Jiangsu (江苏) is famous for the classic love story of "Dong Yong (董永) and the Seventh Fairy Maiden (七仙女)". On the day of Qixi, people can participate in the "Dating with 'Forest' · Love Words in the Forest" activity in the Yellow Sea Forest Park (黄海森林公园), or experience the "Qixi Limited" ancient silk reeling in Anfeng Ancient Town (安丰古镇). In Xingtai (邢台), Hebei (河北), where the story of "Cowherd and Weaver Girl" (牛郎织女) is widely circulated, the "Matchmaker Helping Group" builds a bridge of acquaintance for single young people. In recent days, more than 5,300 public welfare matchmakers, relying on the New Era Civilization Practice Centers (Institutes, Stations), have set off a wave of public welfare matchmaking services and the promotion of new trends in marriage customs throughout the city. In the People's Park (人民公园) in Wuhai (乌海), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), Hanfu (汉服) makeup, traditional Qiqiao experiences, and situational drama performances attract citizens and tourists to stop and linger. In Yunxi (郧西), Hubei (湖北), the provincial-level representative inheritor of intangible cultural heritage is busy with Qixi orders in the "Qiqiao Flower Bun Shop," and a number of activities such as "Cloud Appreciation of Qixi·Live Yunxi" are being launched one after another. By the Erhai Lake (洱海) in Dali (大理), Yunnan (云南), 60 couples from all over the country jointly held a civilized, frugal, warm, and romantic collective wedding. On the banks of Beilong Mountain (北龙山) in Huzhu Tu Autonomous County (互助土族自治县), Qinghai (青海), as "Hua'er" (花儿) love songs sounded, everyone danced the "Anzhao Dance" and "Praise Dance"... People deepen their cultural identity and value identity with the Qixi Festival in various distinctive activities.
It is reported that the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) Civilization Practice Bureau, the Ministry of Civil Affairs (民政部) Social Affairs Department, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部) Intangible Cultural Heritage Department, the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League (共青团中央) Propaganda Department, the All-China Women's Federation (全国妇联) Propaganda Department, and the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles (中国文联) Literary and Art Volunteer Service Center jointly held the theme cultural activity "Our Festival·Qixi," which aims to vigorously promote the values of diligence and wisdom, faithful love, family happiness, and the pursuit of a better life, promote changing customs and habits, cultivate a new style of civilization, and better build a common spiritual home for the Chinese nation.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 29th (Xinhua) -- The State Council has appointed and removed national personnel.
Song Xiude (宋修德) has been appointed as the Director of the National Railway Administration (国家铁路局); Liao Zhiwei (廖志伟) has been appointed as the Director of the Changjiang Water Resources Commission (长江水利委员会).
Zhu Chengqing (朱程清) (female) has been removed from the position of Vice Minister of the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部); Tang Wenhong (唐文弘) has been removed from the position of Assistant Minister of the Ministry of Commerce (商务部).
Return to TopBy: 新华社记者
The Central Eight-Point Regulation is a move by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core to establish credibility like moving a tree, and it is a landmark measure for governing the Party in the new era.
The Central Eight-Point Regulation is not a five-year or ten-year regulation, but a long-term effective iron rule and hard constraint.
Since March of this year, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, the entire Party has solidly carried out in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation. The vast number of Party members and cadres have conscientiously studied General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on strengthening the Party's work style construction, persistently implemented the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation details, promoted the continuous improvement of the Party's work style, and promoted the implementation of various decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, injecting a continuous and powerful force into comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
Carefully plan and provide precise guidance to promote the solid development of study and education throughout the Party.
Carrying out in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation is a key task of Party building work this year personally planned by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平).
Less than a week after the closing of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国两会), the in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation had just begun, and General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to Guizhou (贵州) and Yunnan (云南) for inspection and research.
During the inspection, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) repeatedly talked about the far-reaching considerations of the Party Central Committee's decision to carry out this study and education—
"In recent years, the Eight-Point Regulation has indeed promoted fundamental changes, and the atmosphere has been renewed. Most of the phenomena that were difficult to reverse in the past are gone. At the same time, it must be seen that some places have loosened, some aspects still have blind spots and dead corners, and some unhealthy trends have rebounded. Like hammering nails, hammer a few more times, and with sustained effort, transform customs."
A new and great chapter of the new era is being written. In 2025, the "14th Five-Year Plan" (十四五) will soon come to an end, and the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五) is being planned.
At this critical time node, carrying out in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation is an important measure to consolidate and deepen the achievements of the theme education on studying and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想) and Party discipline study and education, and to promote the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party in depth. It is an inevitable requirement for close Party-masses and cadre-masses relations and consolidating the Party's ruling foundation, and it is a strong guarantee for promoting Chinese-style modernization.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) attaches great importance to this study and education, guiding the direction, providing guidance throughout the process, and personally promoting it, delivering a series of important speeches and making many important instructions and approvals, pointing out the direction for the entire Party to carry out the study and education well—
During the inspection and research in Guizhou (贵州) and Yunnan (云南), he urged "Party organizations at all levels to deeply understand the great significance of the Party Central Committee's decision, focus on the theme, and organize the study and education in a simple and pragmatic manner, and not engage in formalism, which is what the Eight-Point Regulation opposes";
During the inspection and research in Henan (河南), he emphasized "effectively turning the hard requirements for work style into hard measures, letting iron rules grow iron teeth, and ensuring that learning is of high quality, investigation is strong, and rectification is effective";
During the inspection and research in Shanxi (山西), he pointed out "it is necessary to grasp and refine the follow-up work of in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, the investigation of problems must be real, and the rectification measures must be practical to ensure that practical results are achieved";
…………
Before "July 1st" (七一) this year, on June 30, Beijing Zhongnanhai (北京中南海), the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央政治局) conducted its twenty-first collective study on improving the long-term mechanism for implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and correcting the "four winds."
At this collective study, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that self-revolution is the second answer for our Party to jump out of the historical cycle of rise and fall, and promoting comprehensive and strict Party governance by starting with grasping work style is an important experience of the Party's self-revolution in the new era.
"The task of building Chinese-style modernization undertaken by our Party is very arduous, and the ruling environment we face is extremely complex. The string of self-revolution must be tightened even more." From work style construction to the Party's self-revolution, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) put forward clear requirements for "promoting the Party's self-revolution, it is necessary to further implement in terms of improving understanding, enhancing Party spirit, regulating the operation of power, strictly supervising discipline enforcement, and fulfilling the responsibility of governing the Party," conveying a clear signal to carry out the Party's self-revolution to the end.
With both political and ideological content, as well as pertinence and guidance, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) not only put forward clear requirements, but also took the lead in implementing the Central Eight-Point Regulation, providing fundamental guidance and setting a brilliant example for the entire Party to carry out the study and education in a solid manner.
Careful deployment and swift action.
Under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, the entire Party firmly grasped the goals, tasks, methods, paths, and work requirements of the study and education, enhanced political consciousness, ideological consciousness, and action consciousness, and promoted learning, investigation, and rectification in an integrated manner, promoting the study and education to go deeper and more solid.
On March 2, 2025, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央办公厅) issued the "Notice on Carrying Out In-depth Study and Education on Implementing the Spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation Throughout the Party," putting forward specific requirements and clarifying goals and tasks for carrying out the study and education.
On March 12, the Central Party Building Work Leading Group (中央党的建设工作领导小组) held a meeting to study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speeches and instructions on study and education, listen to reports on the preparation of study and education, and study and deploy study and education work.
The Central Party Building Work Leading Group (中央党的建设工作领导小组) strengthened overall coordination, and the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部) together with the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关) established a special working group at the central level to carry out in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation, undertaking specific work.
Party committees (Party groups) at all levels closely combined with the central work, grasped the goals and requirements, carefully planned and deployed, and promptly dispatched and promoted, and the secretaries of Party committees (Party groups) earnestly assumed the responsibility of the first person responsible, and other members of the leading group fulfilled the "one post, two responsibilities" (一岗双责), grasping implementation at each level and promoting the study and education to the end.
Strengthening supervision and guidance is an important guarantee for achieving solid results in study and education. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made a series of important instructions and approvals on sending guidance groups and supervision groups, and rectifying violations of eating and drinking, promoting the implementation of relevant work.
During the study and education, the special working group at the central level to carry out in-depth study and education on implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and the General Office of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (中央纪委办公厅) publicly reported three batches of four cases of serious violations of the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation in violation of eating and drinking, forming a strong deterrent.
Strict supervision and practical guidance to solve problems. The Party Central Committee sent 11 central guidance groups in two batches to carry out guidance and supervision in 30 localities and units. At the same time, localities and relevant units dispatched a total of 8,513 supervision groups to carry out supervision work in nearly 21,000 localities and units.
The central guidance groups and supervision groups adhered to answering the same questions, strictly reviewing and controlling, and promoting the solution of problems, giving full play to the role of "sharp sword," strengthening the in-depth analysis of typical cases, carrying out sparrow-style research, and promoting the realization from solving "one problem" to solving "a class of problems," promoting the achievement of solid results in study and education from point to surface.
Implementation at each level and deepening step by step.
Under the solid deployment and promotion of Party organizations at all levels, all regions, departments, and units closely combined the carrying out of study and education with strengthening the Party's work style construction, adhered to the integration of rectifying work style, enforcing discipline, and fighting corruption, went to the problems, stared at the problems to change, strictly investigated and dealt with those who violated discipline against the wind, and publicly reported typical problems, taking practical actions to make iron rules more iron and hard constraints harder.
Focus on the theme and pay attention to practical results, and promote learning, investigation, and rectification in an integrated manner.
With the implementation of the Eight-Point Regulation, the construction of work style is fully activated.
Since the launch of the study and education, Party organizations at all levels have shouldered their political responsibilities, carefully organized and implemented them, integrated them into daily life, grasped them regularly, adhered to the integrated promotion of learning, investigation, and rectification, and solved outstanding problems with real action, promoting the orderly and effective development of study and education.
Focus on the theme and deepen study and discussion—
Relying on various Party branches, 151 young cadres were divided into 4 theoretical groups, and a study plan was formulated around the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation details. In the form of "leading learning + interpretation + discussion," one theme per week and one discussion per month...
In Chengdu (成都), Sichuan (四川), the Municipal Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision (市纪委监委) focused on grasping the study and education of young cadres, and helped young cadres to re-learn, re-understand, and re-deepen in the collision of ideas with rich and diverse youth theoretical study activities.
This is an epitome of all regions, departments, and units adhering to "studying ideology" as the primary task and the main line throughout the entire process, focusing on the theme to deepen study and discussion, and promoting the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation to be internalized in the heart and externalized in action.
Learn from the original text. The Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Supervisory Commission (中央纪委国家监委机关), the General Office of the CPC Central Committee (中央办公厅), the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央组织部), and the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央宣传部) focused on correcting the source of thought and building a solid foundation through forms such as theoretical learning center group learning; the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee (中央统战部), the International Department of the CPC Central Committee (中联部), the Central Social Work Department (中央社会工作部), and the Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the CPC Central Committee (中央政法委) made good use of various learning platforms and adopted methods such as publicity and guidance, and rotational training of Party members to promote effective coverage of study and education; Shanghai (上海), Liaoning (辽宁), Jilin (吉林), and Gansu (甘肃) organized Party members and cadres to conduct in-depth discussions and exchanges and promote deepening and transformation through Party branch "three meetings and one lesson" (三会一课) and theme Party days.
Learn in combination with cases. Beijing (北京), Tianjin (天津), Anhui (安徽), Henan (河南), and Hubei (湖北) sorted out and issued typical cases, and guided Party members and cadres to learn from cases and reflect on themselves by adopting methods such as centralized reading and exchange and discussion; Jiangsu (江苏), Zhejiang (浙江), Shaanxi (陕西), and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (新疆生产建设兵团) used resources such as warning records, confession records, warning education films, and warning education bases of cadres who violated discipline and law to carry out warning education, and guided Party members and cadres to enhance their awareness and initiative in implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation.
Classified guidance and learning. Guangdong (广东), Yunnan (云南), Tibet (西藏), and Xinjiang (新疆) focused on grasping the study of key objects such as newly promoted cadres, young cadres, and cadres in key positions; the Party School of the Central Committee (National Academy of Governance) (中央党校（国家行政学院）) included relevant content of study and education as a compulsory course in the teaching plan and covered all classes; the National Development Bank (国家开发银行), China Electronics Technology Group Corporation (中国电科), State Grid Corporation of China (国家电网公司), China Energy Investment Corporation (国家能源集团), and China Mobile (中国移动) used various learning platforms and adopted methods such as publicity and guidance, rotational training of Party members, and sending learning to the door to promote effective coverage of study and education according to the characteristics of different groups.
All regions, departments, and units have run the important expositions of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) on strengthening the Party's work style construction and the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation details throughout the entire process, and studied and used well authoritative learning materials such as "The Achievements and Experiences of Deeply Implementing the Spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China" ("党的十八大以来深入贯彻中央八项规定精神的成效和经验"), "The Eight-Point Regulation Changes China" ("八项规定改变中国"), and "Regulations on Practicing Economy and Opposing Waste in Party and Government Organs" ("党政机关厉行节约反对浪费条例"), further improving their political stance, strengthening ideological understanding, and working hard and achieving practical results in studying deeply and thoroughly.
Align with the benchmark and conduct in-depth investigation of problems—
Party members and cadres went into enterprises and projects, rural communities to listen to opinions and suggestions, and unblocked channels such as "integrated media asking government" and the 12345 hotline to collect public opinions...
In Guiyang (贵阳), Guizhou Province (贵州省), the local area comprehensively used various forms and means, closely focused on formalism, violations of handling weddings and funerals, and other aspects to investigate problems and immediately rectify them, achieving significant results.
In the process of study and education, Guizhou (贵州) combined the problems found in discipline inspection and supervision, inspection and patrol, letters and visits, and the fight against organized crime and evil to compare and "sieve" them one by one, promptly investigate and dynamically update them, and promote the investigation of problems in various places and units from virtual to real, from shallow to deep, and strictly grasp rectification and remediation.
The process of investigating problems is the process of following the Party's mass line in the new era.
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会机关), the General Office of the State Council (国务院办公厅), the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协机关), the Central Financial Work Committee (中央金融工委), and the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council (国务院国资委) compared the list of problems in violation of the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation details and the list of hidden and mutated work style problems, comprehensively and deeply searched for existing problems, and leading groups and leading cadres took the lead in conducting profound self-examination;
The Central Policy Research Office (中央政策研究室), the Central Comprehensively Deepening Reform Commission Office (中央改革办), the Work Committee of the Central and State Organs (中央和国家机关工委), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外交部), the Central Committee of the Communist Youth League (共青团中央), and the All-China Women's Federation (全国妇联) adhered to learning while inspecting, organized various departments and units to conduct in-depth investigation of problems, listed the list on the basis of accurately identifying the problems, and immediately corrected them;
Chongqing (重庆), Guangxi (广西), Qinghai (青海), and Ningxia (宁夏) combined the rectification of unhealthy trends and corruption problems around the masses, rectified formalism to reduce the burden on the grassroots, strengthened the construction of teacher ethics and medical ethics, and further identified and truly identified problems, and dynamically updated the list of problems;
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Actively align with the benchmark and deeply explore the root causes of problems. All regions, departments, and units followed the requirements of comprehensive, in-depth, and realistic investigation, and focused on clarifying the situation, accurately identifying the problems, and putting forward practical countermeasures.
Take real action and promote rectification and remediation—
"The supporting facilities in the community are insufficient, the water and electricity are unstable, and there is a shortage of fitness equipment. I hope the government can help solve it." In a regular face-to-face symposium between municipal and county leaders and the masses in communities in Lyuliang City (吕梁市), Shanxi Province (山西省), residents of Xuefu Community (学府社区), Xishuba Street (西属巴街道), Lishi District (离石区) reflected problems. The research leaders immediately convened the heads of relevant municipal departments to work on-site, clarifying the responsible entities and the time limit for solving each item.
Always focusing on problems and effectively solving problems is the meaning of study and education.
The Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院), the Supreme People's Procuratorate (最高人民检察院), the Ministry of Education (教育部), the Ministry of Public Security (公安部), and the Ministry of Civil Affairs (民政部) implemented the cancellation management of centralized rectification problems, solving one problem and canceling one problem, reminding and urging those with weak measures and slow progress, and seriously criticizing and correcting those who make superficial articles and engage in formalism.
Peking University (北京大学), Tsinghua University (清华大学), and Central China Normal University (华中师范大学) focused on grasping immediate rectification, continuously sorted out and updated the list, focused on the vital interests of teachers and students, and promoted the rectification of problems that everyone reflected on and cared about.
Daxing'anling Prefecture (大兴安岭地区) in Heilongjiang (黑龙江) implemented research methods such as "squatting in the grid" and "walking through the city" to understand and grasp social conditions and public opinions, and solve problems such as road damage and private construction; Jinjiang (晋江), Fujian (福建) took various measures to provide policy support for the efficient use of land resources and other aspects, and helped industrial enterprises to develop with high quality; Baoting Li and Miao Autonomous County (保亭黎族苗族自治县) in Hainan Province (海南省) took the "Qin Jia Ben - Dialogue between Cadres and Masses to Solve Problems" (亲加奔——干群对话解难题) activity as the starting point, and promoted the solution of many urgent and difficult problems for the masses, such as the blockage of silt in water conservancy ditches and the damage of water channels affecting irrigation...
Solve whatever problems there are, and focus on rectifying whatever problems are prominent.
Since the launch of the study and education, all regions, departments, and units have truly grasped and grasped the 11 outstanding problems such as violations of eating and drinking, not only solving outstanding problems with real swords and guns, grasping the current situation, grasping typical cases, and grasping notifications, but also putting seeking truth from facts in the forefront, carrying out supervision and inspection in accordance with regulations and disciplines, and immediately correcting, immediately correcting, and correcting with results, without engaging in a gust of wind or one-size-fits-all.
Open education, accessible to the masses—
Turn on the faucet, and clear tap water flows out. In Jinshidi Community (金狮堤社区), Ludishan Township (芦荻山乡), Wuling District (武陵区), Changde (常德), Hunan (湖南), Sun Jiashun (孙家顺), an old man who was washing vegetables in the kitchen at home, showed a satisfied smile.
In the past, the water supply network in Jinshidi Community (金狮堤社区) and its surrounding areas was aging, and running, dripping, and leaking were serious. The problem of insufficient water pressure and small water volume during peak water use periods occurred from time to time, which seriously affected the daily life of residents. In the study and education, the local area actively listened to the demands of the masses, solicited opinions and suggestions, and quickly started the pipeline network transformation, completely solving the water use problems of more than 600 households in the community and surrounding areas.
Persevering in implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation does not allow for any false achievements. All regions, departments, and units have taken open education as an effective way to promote the study and education to go deeper and more solid. The vast number of Party members and cadres have adhered to the mass line, went deep into the front line of rural revitalization, the front line of the real economy, and the front line of social governance to find out the urgent and difficult problems of the masses, and thought and worked together with the masses.
Those who know the house leaks are under the eaves, and those who know the political losses are in the grass. How effective is the construction of work style? The feelings of the masses are the most real.
The Ministry of Ecology and Environment organized party members and cadres to immerse themselves and go deep into the front lines to earnestly listen to the opinions and suggestions of local ecological environment departments and enterprises on further improving ecological and environmental protection work, and focused on solving problems of public concern such as noise, oily fumes, black and odorous water bodies, and illegal dumping of solid waste.
The Xilingol League (锡林郭勒盟) of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region guided party members and cadres to come up with ideas and practical measures to promote the implementation of policies benefiting farmers, herdsmen, and enterprises. Combining carriers such as "Party Member Central Households" (党员中心户) and "Double Entry and Double Service" (双进双服务), it organized party members and cadres to extensively and deeply understand public sentiment, listen to public opinions, and contribute to their positions.
The Jinan (济南) Municipal Medical Security Bureau of Shandong Province, based on optimizing business processes to meet the needs of the masses, reformed and innovated the handling and service model to achieve the rapid and accurate distribution of maternity allowances. As of the first half of 2025, a total of 25,700 people in the city had received maternity allowance benefits through the "exemption from application and immediate enjoyment" method.
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Putting in real effort in taking responsibility and achieving practical results in serving the people.
Since the launch of the study and education campaign, various regions, departments, and units have been "daring to open the door" (敢开门) and "truly opening the door" (真开门), paying attention to public participation in the process of investigation and rectification, accepting public supervision, and solving the urgent problems of the masses. Many people said that through study and education, they have seen the transformation of the work style of party members and cadres, the "most serious" (最讲认真) attitude of communists, and the firm determination of the Party Central Committee to implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation and strictly grasp the construction of work style.
Providing strong work style guarantee for realizing the Party's mission and tasks in the new era and new journey.
In-depth implementation of the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation study and education is a comprehensive, profound, soul-searching, and soil-strengthening work style baptism. The vast number of party members and cadres have generally experienced a concentrated ideological tempering, party spirit training, and political experience, and have generally re-recognized, deepened, and re-acted on the Party's self-revolution, and the Party's work style has achieved an overall improvement.
However, it must also be clearly seen that the problem of the "four winds" (四风) still exists, and the soil is still there. The stock of unhealthy tendencies and corruption has not been exhausted, and the increment is still prone to occur frequently. It is necessary to fight a protracted war to implement the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, rectify work style, and fight corruption.
Adhere to the principle of "strictness" and continue to consolidate a clean and honest political ecology.
"Violations of regulations in accepting gifts, gift money, and consumer cards," "Violations of regulations in borrowing vehicles from management and service objects," "Accepting banquets that may affect the fair execution of official duties"...
Before this year's "May Day" and Dragon Boat Festival holidays, the Hebei Provincial Commission for Discipline Inspection and Supervision publicly reported eight typical problems of violating the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, sounding the alarm for party members and cadres, and releasing a clear signal of "zero tolerance" for work style problems, hitting them as soon as they appear, and being strict to the end.
Since the launch of the study and education campaign, various regions, departments, and units have taken swift and forceful measures to rectify and address outstanding problems such as violations of regulations in eating and drinking, violations of regulations in accepting gifts and gift money, infringement of the interests of the masses, and failure to take responsibility and act, resolutely curbing the hidden and mutated "four winds," strictly investigating and quickly handling and publicly reporting a number of typical cases of violating the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, effectively creating a strict atmosphere and establishing a correct atmosphere. The political awareness of the vast number of party members and cadres has been further enhanced, and the clean and upright political ecology has been further consolidated.
Data shows that from March to July 2025, discipline inspection and supervision agencies at all levels investigated and dealt with 111,000 cases of violating the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, criticized, educated, and dealt with 145,000 people, and the atmosphere of truly managing strictly, daring to manage strictly, and managing strictly for a long time has become more intense.
Embarking on a new journey, it is necessary to deeply study and understand Xi Jinping's (习近平) important thought on Party building and the important thought on the Party's self-revolution, always adhere to the strict tone, integrate the rectification of work style and discipline with anti-corruption, severely punish the problems of collusion between work style and corruption with "joint investigation," eradicate the common roots of work style and corruption with "joint governance," and block the evolution of work style and corruption with the connection of "investigation" and "governance," and promote party members and cadres to consciously abide by rules and discipline and boldly start businesses.
Work hard on "regularity" and "long-term effectiveness" to promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of study and education.
No additional dishes are arranged, and mobile phones are used to scan QR codes for payment... In Jiangxi (江西), the promotion and application of the "Gan Meal Code" (赣餐码) platform has opened up the inter-provincial meal payment and settlement business of 5,291 government canteens at the provincial, municipal, county, and township levels, basically realizing "one code for all swipes, one network coverage, and integrated supervision" for government meals in the province, effectively reducing the burden on the grassroots.
"Now it is easier and more relaxed to scan the code for meals, and everyone eats their own," the voice of grassroots cadres is the most direct reflection of the effectiveness of the reform.
Since the launch of the study and education campaign, various regions, departments, and units have adhered to the combination of "immediate rectification" and "long-term establishment," addressing outstanding problems in violating the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, supplementing institutional shortcomings, plugging institutional loopholes, strengthening power constraints and supervision, and further standardizing the operation of power.
Embarking on a new journey, it is necessary to further improve the normalized and long-term institutional mechanism for work style construction, enhance the governance effectiveness of work style construction, adhere to grasping Party spirit, Party conduct, and Party discipline together, adhere to both correcting the "four winds" and establishing a new style, grasp self-consciousness, form habits, and continuously enrich the new style of seeking truth and being pragmatic, being clean and honest.
Adhere to the principle of "doing" first, and educate and guide the vast number of party members and cadres to take responsibility in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
Forming party member commando teams, working in shifts day and night for duty and inspection; investigating hidden dangers and transferring the masses overnight in the rain; making every effort to carry out restoration and reconstruction work to ensure the basic life of the masses...
Since the beginning of the flood season this year, many parts of China have suffered continuous heavy rainfall, and the safety of the people has been seriously threatened. In the face of the menacing floods, party members and cadres have moved at the "flood" and stepped forward to protect the lives and property of the people, leaving behind moving figures of busy days and nights.
A party branch is a fortress, and a party member is a banner. In the study and education, various regions, departments, and units have placed the rectification of formalism and bureaucracy in a more prominent position, boosting the spirit of party members and cadres to take responsibility and start businesses, and transforming the results of study and education into a strong driving force for promoting high-quality development, strengthening grassroots governance, and completing urgent, difficult, and dangerous tasks.
In October this year, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China will be held in Beijing (北京) to study the proposal on formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.
In the face of the complex and changing internal and external environment and the arduous and heavy tasks of reform and development, the excellent work style and full spirit of party members and cadres are an important guarantee for overcoming difficulties.
Taking advantage of the good wind, the sky is vast, and looking down at the mountains and rivers.
Embarking on a new journey, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core, maintaining determination, strictly managing and strictly governing, perseveringly implementing the spirit of the Eight-Point Regulation, and deepening the construction of work style with the spirit of thorough self-revolution, the Chinese communists in the new era will surely lead the giant ship of "China" to continue to ride the wind and waves and set sail!
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), August 29)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王昊男
Core Reading
Not only are humanoid robots tumbling and leaping on the sports field, but they are also performing precise operations in factory workshops. A practical question has aroused widespread attention: How far are humanoid robots from daily life?
To move from the laboratory to industrial applications, robots still need to overcome obstacles in technological breakthroughs, ethical norms, and cost control.
This month, Beijing (北京) welcomed two world-class robot events. On August 8, the 2025 World Robot Conference was held, with more than 200 robot companies from home and abroad participating, during which more than 100 new products were released. On August 14, the world's first Humanoid Robot Sports Conference opened, attracting 280 teams from 16 countries and regions. From the conference venue to the arena, humanoid robots showed their skills and abilities.
At a critical stage of transitioning from laboratory technological breakthroughs to industrial applications.
Running, dancing, somersaulting, traversing obstacles... At the 2025 World Humanoid Robot Sports Conference, more than 500 steel "athletes" took to the National Speed Skating Oval. In the 5V5 football match on the last day of the competition, the "Tsinghua Vulcan Team" (清华火神队) used self-developed algorithms and strategies to defeat the German team 1-0 to win the championship.
"A total of 48 teams from home and abroad participated in the football project, all using our robots," said Dong Hao (董浩), Vice President of Technology at Beijing Acceleration Evolution Technology Co., Ltd. (北京加速进化科技有限公司). He introduced that being durable, resistant to falls, and developer-friendly are the significant characteristics of Acceleration Evolution robots. "The participating teams develop their decision-making programs based on our framework."
33.71 seconds, 394.40 seconds, these are the scores of YuShu Technology's (宇树科技) G1 robot and H1 robot in the 100-meter obstacle race and 1500-meter race respectively at the Humanoid Robot Sports Conference. Although the robots' scores are still far from those of human professional athletes, Wang Xingxing (王兴兴), the founder of YuShu Technology, believes that this also means that robots have great potential. "It won't be long before robots run faster than humans."
When will humanoid robots be able to "run" into our daily lives?
Jia Baoxiong (贾宝雄), a researcher at the Embodied Robot Center of the Beijing General Artificial Intelligence Research Institute (北京通用人工智能研究院具身机器人中心), believes that in specific tasks such as running and dancing, the motor ability of humanoid robots in extreme conditions has reached a high level, but to truly allow humanoid robots to enter daily life, breakthroughs are still needed in many aspects. "Their autonomy in general scenarios, the accuracy and stability of movement and operation, and the safety when interacting with people all need to be further improved."
"Globally, hardware physical performance continues to break through, artificial intelligence has achieved generational leaps in decision-making capabilities, and supporting technologies such as datasets and virtual simulations are constantly being strengthened." Xu Xiaolan (徐晓兰), Chairman of the Chinese Institute of Electronics (中国电子学会), said at the 2025 World Robot Conference that the current humanoid robot technology is showing a trend of multi-point breakthroughs and collaborative leaps, and is at a critical stage of transitioning from laboratory technological breakthroughs to industrial applications.
"Brain" development is key.
The starting point of humanoid robot research can be traced back to the 1970s. The current "boom" of humanoid robots largely depends on the development of embodied intelligence technology. Therefore, many people's attention to humanoid robots is not only on their motor ability, but also on their intelligence level.
"Songyan Power Little Rascal" (松延动力小顽童), which won the free gymnastics competition at the 2025 World Humanoid Robot Sports Conference, performed amazing somersaults on the field. Jiang Zheyuan (姜哲源), founder of Songyan Power (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd. (松延动力（北京）科技有限公司), said that China's humanoid robots are at the forefront of the world in terms of hardware and motor ability, "but in the development of the 'brain' of humanoid robots, there are not many breakthroughs globally at present."
Why do some robots deviate from the track when running? Why do robots sometimes fail to find and aim at their opponents in boxing matches? Such situations occur from time to time, and after the audience laughs, they will also be curious about the reasons behind them. One reason is that many robot contestants are remotely controlled by people, and the operator's proficiency and the interference of the surrounding electromagnetic environment on the remote control signal will affect the robot's performance.
In order to encourage intelligence, the 2025 World Humanoid Robot Sports Conference made designs in the formulation of rules. Many people may not know that the Tiangong Ultra robot (天工Ultra机器人), which won the 100-meter "flying man battle", was not actually the first to cross the finish line, but because it was the only robot among all the contestants that used a fully autonomous navigation system and was not remotely controlled throughout the entire process, according to the competition rules, the Tiangong Ultra robot's time was multiplied by a coefficient of 0.8, so it ranked the highest.
"Relying on the general embodied intelligence platform 'Huisikaiwu' (慧思开物), robots can also complete tasks in industrial production, commercial services, logistics, special operations, and family services, realizing one brain for multiple machines and one brain for multiple functions," said Xiong Youjun (熊友军), general manager of the Beijing Humanoid Robot Innovation Center (北京人形机器人创新中心). He said that the intelligence of humanoid robots is a process of gradual breakthroughs. "Continuously improving the level of intelligence can better help and serve us."
"Although existing hardware still needs continuous optimization, it already has basic usability. At present, the real bottleneck is that embodied intelligence is not yet fully mature, which is the key to restricting the large-scale application of humanoid robots." In Wang Xingxing's (王兴兴) view, it will still take some time for humanoid robots to truly enter the daily lives of ordinary people.
There are still several barriers to the widespread application of robots.
The humanoid appearance of humanoid robots allows them to replace people in completing various tasks. Material handling, drug sorting, hotel services... Unlike ordinary sports conferences, the Humanoid Robot Sports Conference has specially set up competition events in different application scenarios. These scenarios are considered by the industry to be the most likely scenarios for humanoid robots to achieve large-scale applications, and are the "front station" for humanoid robots to enter the daily lives of the public.
"Now, humanoid robots can provide us with emotional value in performance, entertainment and other scenarios. Combined with wheeled and other forms, they can also undertake the sorting and handling work in warehouses, supermarkets, pharmacies and other places, reducing the burden of manpower." Jia Baoxiong (贾宝雄) said, but to truly allow humanoid robots to enter the lives of the public, in addition to technological breakthroughs, there are also ethical, cost and other issues to be faced.
Price is a major barrier for humanoid robots to enter thousands of households. Xiong Youjun (熊友军) cited an example, the training of embodied intelligent large models currently requires a large amount of robot operating trajectory data, "**高质量数据** (gāo zhì liàng shù jù - "high-quality data," data that is accurate, complete, consistent, and reliable)" is not only scarce, but also costly, which has become the main reason restricting the development of embodied large models, and also increases the training cost of humanoid robots.
Not only does it require the patience to overcome technology, but also the need to maintain awe of ethics. "How to ensure our privacy after humanoid robots enter the home?" "How should we live with robots?" These questions are the focus of heated discussions at the 2025 World Robot Conference.
The International Federation of Robotics predicts that from 2021 to 2030, the compound annual growth rate of the global humanoid robot market will be as high as 71%. The Chinese Institute of Electronics predicts that by 2030, the market size of humanoid robots in China is expected to reach about 870 billion yuan.
Humanoid robots are still accelerating their evolution, and we look forward to the day when they "run" into thousands of households and integrate into daily life.
Fun Science
Look! The "Special Functions" of Robots
Electronic Nose
The basis of the electronic nose (see Figure 5, data picture) is the gas-sensitive unit, which converts the concentration of various gases in the environment into electrical signals through the principles of semiconductors, electrochemistry, optics, etc.; then uses micro-electromechanical system technology to miniaturize the sensitive unit and array the sensitive units with different response characteristics to different gases; finally combines AI algorithms to qualitatively or quantitatively detect environmental gases based on the signals of the sensitive unit array. Electronic noses can identify common liquids in life such as beverages, wine, and vinegar. In the future, with the development of materials, integration technology, etc., electronic noses will be more sensitive and intelligent, and the scope of application will be wider.
Dexterous Hand
Different types of Casia Hand dexterous hands (see Figure 6, data picture) have different focuses. The humanoid degree-of-freedom dexterous hand is controlled by 21 drives and 25 degrees of freedom, which is very flexible and can complete fine operations such as threading a needle and making coffee. The highlight of the high-speed adaptive dexterous hand is the ultra-high finger joint speed of up to 720 degrees/second, which ensures work efficiency and makes it more than capable on fast-paced production lines. The three-finger dexterous hand adopts 4 active degrees of freedom with a passive adaptive structure, which can load 5 kg, and the finger joint speed exceeds 180 degrees/second.
Exoskeleton
The exoskeleton knee robot (see Figure 7, data picture) is mainly for mountaineering, hiking and daily walking assistance scenarios. Its core feature is a motion recognition system based on AI adaptive algorithms, which can collect gait, joint angle and terrain information in real time through sensors, build a user's walking intention model, and dynamically adjust the assistance mode in states such as starting, accelerating, and going uphill and downhill to achieve human-machine collaboration that fits the individual rhythm. In terms of structural design, the stress point of the knee joint adopts a bionic shock absorption mechanism to disperse impact and reduce joint pressure, so as to take into account the needs of outdoor sports and rehabilitation assistance.
Return to TopBy: 吴明一
Did you know that the unassuming snail has the ability to heal wounds? Recently, Chinese scientists have developed a "bionic Band-Aid" using snail mucus, bringing new hope for the treatment of conditions such as diabetic foot ulcers.
It is very difficult for wounds of diabetic patients to heal. High blood sugar causes wounds to be in a state of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation for a long time, and the abuse of antibiotics can lead to the breeding of drug-resistant bacteria. This is like growing crops in saline-alkali land. On the one hand, the soil is compacted and lacks oxygen, and on the other hand, bacteria continue to "make trouble," making it difficult for even the best seeds to germinate.
There is a "wound repair master" in nature - the snail. When a snail crawls, even if it is scratched by rough rocks, it can quickly heal with the mucus it secretes. What substances are in snail mucus that can have such amazing healing abilities?
Scientists have found through previous studies that snail mucus mainly contains proteins and polysaccharides, including allantoin, elastin, glycosaminoglycans, etc. Among them, glycosaminoglycans are polysaccharide biological macromolecules and are the main effective components of snail mucus that can promote acute and chronic wound healing.
Glycosaminoglycans sound unfamiliar, but in fact, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, heparin, etc., which we are familiar with in our lives, all belong to glycosaminoglycans. Glycosaminoglycans are widely distributed in the human extracellular matrix. They set up "protective covers" for cell growth, fill the gaps between cells, are "natural adhesives," and also maintain tissue structure, lubricate joints, and participate in signal transduction.
In a recent study, we found that the structure of glycosaminoglycans in the mucus of different species of snails is different. Taking the *Cornu aspersum*, commonly known as the "French snail," as an example, the glycosaminoglycans in its mucus are the most recently discovered new type of glycosaminoglycan, and its structure is similar to that of glycosaminoglycans in the human extracellular matrix. Can snail glycosaminoglycans help human skin cells grow? A "bionic Band-Aid" was born.
First of all, it is necessary to create a healing place suitable for tissue growth for the wound. Using snail glycosaminoglycans and gelatin to construct a three-dimensional gel network similar to the human extracellular matrix can create a "cradle" for cell growth.
To treat the "saline-alkali land" of diabetic wounds, "fertilization" must also be customized. Through dynamic borate ester bond technology, tea polyphenols from natural tea trees are "anchored" in the gel. When the local glucose concentration of the wound increases, the borate ester bond will break and the drug will be automatically released. This not only solves the problems of easy oxidation and low bioavailability of tea polyphenols, but also achieves multiple effects such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory.
This "smart" "Band-Aid" has shown good results in experiments. In diabetic mouse model experiments, the epithelial regeneration rate of the patch group was 72.6% on the 7th day, which was more than 2 times that of the saline group, and the arrangement of collagen fibers was closer to that of normal skin.
In addition, the patch can also "calm down" the overactive immune system, reduce the level of wound inflammatory factors by more than 50%, and break the vicious cycle of "inflammation-tissue necrosis." It can also significantly inhibit bacterial colonization at the wound site and promote wound healing. We hope that the little snail will bring help to more patients.
(The author is a researcher at the State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany (中国科学院昆明植物研究所), Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), and the article was compiled by Zhang Chi (张驰), a reporter of this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 姜晓丹
Recently, the team of Academician Xu Yigang (徐义刚) from the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院广州地球化学研究所), analyzed 3.5 grams of lunar soil samples brought back by Chang'e-6 (嫦娥六号) and precisely determined for the first time that the Apollo Basin (阿波罗盆地) (approximately 540 kilometers in diameter) within the South Pole-Aitken Basin (南极—艾特肯盆地) on the Moon formed 4.16 billion years ago. This discovery not only pushes back the start time of the "impact storm" (late heavy bombardment period) in the solar system on the Moon by at least 100 million years, but also overturns the traditional hypothesis of "sudden increase in impact intensity" with solid data, helping humans better understand the turbulence of the early solar system. The findings were published in *Nature Astronomy* on August 20.
Most of the giant impact basins that dot the lunar surface are remnants of small celestial bodies impacting the solar system about 3.8 billion years ago. Scientists debate this "impact storm" in the solar system: whether the impact flux (the number of impact events per unit time) gradually decreased, or whether there was a sudden increase in intensity between about 3.8 billion and 4 billion years ago. "The controversy lies in the lack of accurate age data for key basins," said Chen Jingyou (陈景有), the first author of the paper and a member of the team.
Previously, studies of Apollo (阿波罗) samples retrieved from the near side of the Moon by the United States found that the ages of most basins on the Moon are concentrated between about 3.8 billion and 4 billion years ago. Due to sampling errors, there is debate in the academic community about the starting point and intensity of the "impact storm." The Apollo Basin (阿波罗盆地), where the Chang'e-6 (嫦娥六号) sampling site is located, is inside the South Pole-Aitken Basin (南极—艾特肯盆地) on the far side of the Moon. Its formation age may mark the start time of the late heavy bombardment period, becoming the key to deciphering the "impact storm."
How do scientists "see the big picture from the small" and explore the mystery? The research team screened out 3 tiny rock chips of 150-350 microns from only 3.5 grams of lunar soil - they are special rocks formed by high-temperature melting when the basin was formed, like sealed "time capsules." The researchers accurately determined the age of the rock chips, and at the same time comprehensively considered remote sensing images and geochemical data and other information, and finally confirmed that the 4.16 billion years recorded by the rock chips was the formation age of the Apollo Basin (阿波罗盆地), solving the mystery of the "rock clock."
This result refreshes the starting point coordinates of the late heavy bombardment period: the "impact storm" on the Moon had already begun at least 4.16 billion years ago. In addition, the researchers also found that during the "impact storm," the impact flux gradually decreased rather than suddenly increased. Chen Jingyou (陈景有) explained that this result negates the hypothesis of a "sudden surge in impact flux between about 3.8 billion and 4 billion years ago," indicating that the Moon's "history of being hit" is actually long and slow, with the intensity naturally decaying over time.
Why is this discovery significant? Chen Jingyou (陈景有) said: "The precise age of the Apollo Basin (阿波罗盆地) provides a key anchor point for the history of solar system impacts." The 4.16 billion-year-old Apollo Basin (阿波罗盆地), together with the known ages of other basins, forms a time scale to help scientists reconstruct a more complete history of solar system dynamic evolution. In addition, this achievement also helps us understand the early story of the Earth - as a planet closer to the sun, the Earth may have suffered more intense bombardment, which may have affected the origin and evolution of life on Earth.
"Every precise dating is adding a key piece to the puzzle of cosmic evolution," said Chen Jingyou (陈景有). China's lunar exploration project not only brought back lunar soil, but also brought back the "key" to understanding the Earth-Moon system and even the entire solar system's evolution. The "time capsule" from 4.16 billion years ago is telling us a grand story in the universe.
Return to TopLayout Design: Zhang Danfeng (张丹峰)
Return to TopBy: 王 毅
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Summit will be held in Tianjin from August 31 to September 1. At that time, President Xi Jinping (习近平) will gather with leaders from 23 countries and heads of 10 international organizations on the banks of the Haihe River to discuss friendship, cooperation, and common development.
I.
Twenty-four years ago, facing the complex international and regional situation after the end of the Cold War, China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan jointly founded the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to more effectively enhance good-neighborliness and friendship, strengthen unity and cooperation, and jointly address challenges.
Over the past 24 years, the SCO has adhered to the "Shanghai Spirit" of mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development, continuously promoting regional cooperation, steadily improving mechanism construction, actively participating in international and regional affairs, safeguarding the common interests of member states, promoting world peace and development, and conducting beneficial explorations and accumulating successful experiences for building a new type of international relations and a community with a shared future for mankind.
--Solidarity and mutual trust have been continuously consolidated. The SCO started with the "Shanghai Five." From strengthening military trust in border areas to concluding long-term treaties of good-neighborliness, friendship, and cooperation, from respecting each other's development paths to supporting each other's core interests, from exchanging experience in governance to aligning national development strategies, solidarity and mutual trust have been the main thread running through it all. In the face of all kinds of power politics and bullying practices, member states have firmly defended the basic norms of international relations, always speaking out for justice, upholding fairness, and supporting each other at the first time.
--The security barrier has been continuously strengthened. The SCO has always adopted a "zero tolerance" attitude towards the "three forces." Over the past 24 years, member states have thwarted more than 1,400 cases involving terrorism and extremism, and carried out more than 40 joint counter-terrorism exercises and joint actions such as "Peace Mission" and "Tianshan," effectively safeguarding regional security. Focusing on maintaining strategic, defense, law enforcement, information, ecological, and biosecurity, member states have woven a dense network of cooperation, turning the organization into a strategic support for preventing various traditional and non-traditional security threats and challenges.
--Development achievements have been continuously manifested. Member states have prominent resource endowments, complementary markets, and geographical proximity, and mutually beneficial cooperation shows broad prospects. In the past five years, the trade volume between China and other SCO member states has successively exceeded 300 billion, 400 billion, and 500 billion US dollars, reaching a record high of 512.4 billion US dollars in 2024, and a pattern of deep regional interconnection is taking shape. Public opinion polls in SCO countries show that nearly 70% of respondents recognize that the SCO has promoted their country's sustainable development and modernization process. The development practice of the SCO fully demonstrates that countries with different social systems and different levels of development can fully achieve coordinated development and mutually beneficial win-win results.
--Civilization exchanges have been continuously deepened. SCO member states have both common historical memories and distinctive cultural traditions, and the people of all countries have similar ideas and learn from each other. Over the past 24 years, cooperation among member states in education, culture, tourism, science and technology, disaster relief, and prevention and control of infectious diseases has become increasingly in-depth, and projects such as the SCO University, the Capital of Culture and Tourism, TV festivals, film festivals, art festivals, marathons, children's painting exhibitions, and youth exchange camps have become increasingly popular, and more than 30 non-governmental diplomacy teams such as the SCO Good-Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation Committee have become increasingly strong.
--International influence has been continuously enhanced. The "Shanghai Spirit" is widely welcomed and is regarded as a model of the concept of handling relations between countries. International recognition and appeal are growing day by day, and more and more countries are approaching and integrating into the SCO family. The SCO has also strengthened cooperation with many international organizations and multilateral mechanisms such as the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Independent States, ASEAN, and the Arab League. The SCO has always恪守 (kè shǒu - "scrupulously abide by," adhere to) the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and adheres to the principles of non-alignment, non-confrontation, and non-targeting of third parties. It has become a mainstay in the world today for practicing true multilateralism.
II.
The reason why the SCO has achieved remarkable achievements, won universal recognition, and developed into the most populous and geographically extensive regional cooperation organization in the world in just 24 years is that the SCO has always stood firmly on the right side of history and on the side of fairness and justice, and has embarked on a correct path that conforms to the common interests of member states.
--Always follow the "Shanghai Spirit." The core of the "Shanghai Spirit" is highly consistent with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, is in the same vein as the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and fully responds to the demands of good-neighborliness and friendship among member states. The "Shanghai Spirit" completely abandons the historical dregs of Cold War thinking, zero-sum games, and clashes of civilizations, and has become a cohesive force for member states to share weal and woe and be friends for generations.
--Always conform to the trend of the times. The remarkable growth of the Global South is the most distinctive feature of the times, peace, development, cooperation, and win-win are the most magnificent trends of the times, and a community with a shared future for mankind is the brightest prospect of the times. As a collection of emerging markets and developing countries, SCO member states have explored a new paradigm of cooperation for self-reliance, unity, and development, adhere to dialogue rather than confrontation, and partnership rather than alliance, and work together on the road to achieving their respective modernizations.
--Always respond to the expectations of the people. Peace and development are the eternal pursuits of human society. The SCO originated in consolidating regional security and succeeded in exploring cooperation in various fields. Member states unswervingly follow the path of development that suits their own national conditions, jointly build the "Belt and Road," jointly build a better home, jointly continue thousands of years of friendship, and share the fruits of development, transforming the people of all countries' yearning for a better life into the goals and driving force for the SCO's progress.
--Always uphold fairness and justice. Entering the 21st century, global challenges have emerged one after another, regional hotspots have sprung up one after another, and the foundation of multilateralism has been eroded. Facing the epochal question of where human society is going, the SCO practices true multilateralism with "SCO actions," defends international fairness and justice with "SCO voices," and promotes the resolution of regional contradictions and differences with "SCO solutions," practicing a global governance concept of consultation, joint construction, and sharing. An SCO that has the world in mind and is responsible and responsible is constantly winning widespread praise from the international community.
III.
At the 2024 Astana Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) put forward the important initiative of "building a united and mutually trusting, peaceful and secure, prosperous and developing, good-neighborly and friendly, fair and just SCO community with a shared future." Since taking over as the chair country for a year, China has anchored the above-mentioned goals, focused on the theme of "Year of Sustainable Development," practiced the working slogan of "Promoting the 'Shanghai Spirit': The SCO in Action," successfully held 110 important events, and worked with other member states to promote the SCO to achieve fruitful results in deepening cooperation in various fields and improving the organization's operating mechanism. Looking to the future, China will work with partners in the SCO family to stride forward towards building a closer SCO community with a shared future.
--We will unremittingly promote the "Shanghai Spirit." President Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out that the "Shanghai Spirit" is not only the code of conduct followed by member states, but also the original aspiration of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to pursue harmony and co-existence. Facing the turbulent and intertwined international situation, China will take President Xi Jinping's (习近平) guidance as the fundamental guideline, work with member states to keep in mind the original aspiration of the organization's establishment, polish the golden signboard of the "Shanghai Spirit," let the "Shanghai Spirit" continue to illuminate the future path of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation community with a shared future, take mutual trust and mutual benefit as the basis for cooperation, take equality and consultation as the way to get along, promote harmony and inclusiveness by respecting diverse civilizations, and achieve win-win prosperity by seeking common development.
--We will comprehensively and firmly consolidate the foundation of security. President Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out that security is the prerequisite for national development, and peace is the lifeline of people's happiness. The SCO should safeguard the bottom line of common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security. True security is when all countries are safe. At the 2024 Astana Summit, the leaders of member states reached a consensus on the establishment of a comprehensive center for responding to security threats and challenges, as well as a center for combating transnational organized crime, an information security center, and a drug control center. We must build these "four security centers" well, so that the SCO's security barrier will be more solid and the people of the region will be more at ease.
--We will actively and promisingly build a development highland. Facing a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, we must build more cooperation platforms for new quality productive forces, and deepen cooperation in cutting-edge fields such as economic and trade investment, clean energy, green industry, digital economy, scientific and technological innovation, artificial intelligence, and interconnection. China is willing to take the "Belt and Road" initiative and the Global Development Initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping (习近平) as a guide, and work with member states to jointly develop and achieve mutually beneficial win-win results. Continue the momentum and achievements of the "SCO Year of Sustainable Development," implement more sustainable and people-benefiting cooperation projects, and help SCO countries develop and revitalize.
--We will unswervingly practice multilateralism. The more turbulent and unstable the international situation is, the more necessary it is to practice true multilateralism, and the more it should defend the international system with the United Nations at its core. This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations. The heads of state of member states will issue a special joint statement on this occasion to solemnly commemorate this major event in human history, promote a correct view of the history of World War II, safeguard the achievements of the victory of World War II, and call on the people of all countries to learn from history and create the future. China is willing to take this as an opportunity to continue to support the core role of the United Nations in the international system, advocate an equal and orderly world multi-polarization and an inclusive and inclusive economic globalization, and promote the development of the international order in a more just and reasonable direction.
--We will uphold integrity and innovation to improve organizational construction. Compared with the beginning of its establishment, the SCO itself and the international and regional situation have undergone great changes. All parties are willing to sum up experience, keep pace with the times, and forge ahead with innovation in the historical sense of responsibility for promoting the long-term development of the organization, and further enhance the cohesion of the mechanism, enhance the organization's ability to act, and continuously strengthen and strengthen the SCO in the direction pointed out by the heads of state of member states. Maintaining the openness of the organization is crucial. The SCO will continue to open its doors and accept more countries that identify with the "Shanghai Spirit" to join the SCO family with a broad mind.
In April of this year, the Central Conference on Peripheral Work pointed out that it is necessary to focus on building a community with a shared future in the periphery and strive to create a new situation in peripheral work. The SCO is a priority of China's peripheral diplomacy and an important part of the overall diplomatic situation. We will take Xi Jinping's (习近平) diplomatic thought as a guide, and under the call of the concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind, work with other member states to implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, and make unremitting efforts to ensure that the SCO ship sails steadily and far.
**潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬** (cháo píng liǎng àn kuò, fēng zhèng yī fān xuán - "The tide is level, the banks are wide, the wind is fair, and the sail is high," a metaphor for smooth sailing and a bright future). The upcoming Tianjin Summit will be the largest grand event in the development history of the SCO, and it will be a milestone for the SCO's cooperation and development in various fields. Under the guidance of President Xi Jinping (习近平) and the leaders of participating countries, China is confident that it will make the Tianjin Summit a friendly, united, and fruitful grand event, help the SCO enter a new stage of high-quality development that is more united, more collaborative, more dynamic, and more promising, promote the construction of a closer SCO community with a shared future, and make greater contributions to promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind!
Return to TopThis newspaper's Washington dispatch on August 29th (Reporter Li Zhiwei (李志伟)) "Perceive China—China-U.S. People-to-People Friendship Music Story Concert" was held on the evening of the 27th at the Chinese Embassy in the United States in Washington (华盛顿), the capital of the United States, with more than 200 people from all walks of life in China and the United States participating.
As an important people-to-people exchange activity to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, this story concert took "Talking about the Echoes of Friendship Years" as its theme, and through the integrated form of symphonic music combined with immersive storytelling, it told the magnificent years of the Chinese and American military and civilians fighting side by side against Japanese fascism.
At the event, Chinese and American guests also visited the "Fighting Side by Side: Photo and Video Exhibition of the Chinese and American People Jointly Fighting Against Fascism." The exhibition takes time as its main thread and presents a panoramic view of historical events such as the Nanjing Massacre (南京大屠杀), the Flying Tigers' (飞虎队) aid to China, the Hump Route (驼峰航线), and the Doolittle Raid (杜立特行动) rescue.
This event was co-sponsored by the State Council Information Office of China (中国国务院新闻办公室), the Chinese Embassy in the United States (中国驻美国大使馆), and the Chinese Consulate General in New York (中国驻纽约总领事馆), and organized by the China Intercontinental Communication Center (五洲传播中心) and the Sino-American Aviation Heritage Foundation (美中航空遗产基金会), with support from many provinces and cities in China.
Return to TopBy: 国纪平
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the first international organization initiated by China and named after a Chinese city, has, since its establishment in 2001, consistently adhered to the "Shanghai Spirit" as its guiding principle, forging a remarkably effective path of peaceful development and setting a paradigm for building a new type of international relations.
Water has a source, and a tree has roots. The "root" and "soul" of the SCO lie precisely in the "Shanghai Spirit," which is centered on "mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diverse civilizations, and pursuit of common development." These twenty characters are the original aspiration of the SCO's establishment, the spiritual bond that enhances the SCO member states' cohesion, the value pursuit that guides the SCO's development and growth, and the ideological source that enhances the SCO's influence, appeal, and attractiveness, possessing a lasting vitality that transcends time and space.
China is not only the initiator of the "Shanghai Spirit" but also its staunch practitioner. Since 2013, President Xi Jinping (习近平) has attended every SCO summit, putting forward a series of important initiatives and proposals, continuously endowing the "Shanghai Spirit" with new contemporary connotations, and promoting the SCO to move steadily and far.
Since assuming the rotating presidency in July of last year, China, under the theme of "Promoting the 'Shanghai Spirit': The SCO in Action," has successfully held more than 100 important events, promoting the construction of a better SCO home and taking solid steps. The 2025 SCO Summit to be held in Tianjin (天津) will continue to hold high the banner of the "Shanghai Spirit," guiding the SCO to **不忘初心** (bù wàng chū xīn - "not forget the original intention," to remain true to one's original aspiration) and forging ahead along the right path of building a human community with a shared future.
(I)
Taking mutual trust and mutual benefit as the basis for cooperation.
Looking back at the turn of the century, the opposition and division left over from the Cold War remained to be healed. Would we move towards peaceful development or confrontational blocs? Would we choose good-neighborliness and friendship or create turmoil? Six neighboring countries in the Eurasian continent made a crucial decision, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation was born.
The predecessor of the SCO, the "Shanghai Five" mechanism, was developed on the basis of signing two important agreements on strengthening trust and disarmament in border areas. After the establishment of the SCO, member states successively signed the "Charter of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation" and the "Treaty on Long-Term Good Neighborliness, Friendship and Cooperation between the Member States of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation," two programmatic documents that legally established the strengthening of political mutual trust and good-neighborly friendship.
The leap from two important agreements to two programmatic documents is the rooting of the concept of lasting friendship and perpetual peace, the accumulation of political mutual trust and mutual support, and the firmer determination for unity, cooperation, and common development.
The SCO was born out of mutual trust and mutual benefit, and it has grown stronger because of mutual trust and mutual benefit. From 6 founding member states to 10 member states, 2 observer states, and 14 dialogue partners, covering the three continents of Asia, Europe, and Africa, with an economic aggregate accounting for about 1/4 of the world's total... The SCO has become the largest regional international organization in the world in terms of coverage area and population.
Over the 24 years since its establishment, the SCO parties have continuously enhanced political mutual trust, increased mutual support, expanded the convergence of interests, and continued to create more favorable conditions for deepening bilateral and multilateral cooperation.
Forming partnerships but not alliances, engaging in dialogue but not confrontation, mutual trust and mutual benefit have given rise to a completely new model. At each summit, the leaders of various countries strengthen policy dialogue and communication and coordination, respect each other's legitimate concerns, resolve problems arising in cooperation in a timely manner, jointly stabilize the direction of the SCO's development, and set a paradigm for bridging the global trust deficit.
Security cooperation is a priority cooperation direction for the SCO. From taking the lead internationally in proposing to combat the "three evil forces" to holding joint anti-terrorism military exercises and establishing meeting mechanisms at all levels, from practicing a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept to building a security community and implementing the Global Security Initiative, the SCO, based on mutual trust and mutual benefit, continues to broaden the path of security cooperation.
"The solidarity of member states is the fundamental guarantee and unique advantage for the SCO's development and growth, and it is also a valuable achievement gained from the gradual accumulation of mutual trust by all parties, which needs to be cherished and carefully nurtured." The more complex and volatile the international and regional situation, the more the SCO countries need to consolidate the foundation of mutual trust. The SCO countries cherish unity, oppose interference, firmly support each other in safeguarding core interests and major concerns, and firmly support each other in exploring development paths and governance models that suit their own national conditions, firmly grasping the destiny of their own development and progress and the future of regional peace and development in their own hands.
(II)
Taking equality and consultation as the way to get along.
"'The Shanghai Spirit' is in the same vein as the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence and is the common value of the organization, which should be cherished and always followed."
The member states uphold the "Shanghai Spirit," hold high the banner of peaceful development and cooperation, do not engage in closed and exclusive small circles, do not engage in small calculations of geopolitical games, actively promote the construction of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation, and jointly build a human community with a shared future.
In the historical process of modern human social development, how to properly handle relations between countries and jointly maintain world peace and tranquility has always been a major issue for the international community to explore and practice. From inheriting the historical wisdom of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence to striving to build the era vision of a human community with a shared future, the equality and consultation embodied in the "Shanghai Spirit" have enabled the SCO to demonstrate the unique temperament of "a completely new international organization" since its establishment. It abandons the hegemonic logic of "might makes right," transcends the old thinking of zero-sum games and civilizational conflicts, adheres to equal consultation, and explores a new path for the development of international organizations.
Rashid Alimov (拉希德·阿利莫夫), former Secretary-General of the SCO, believes that the SCO's distinctiveness lies in the fact that the voice of each member state is listened to equally, and all member states strive to sit around a round table without "sharp corners," seeking a common denominator for common development based on considering their own interests.
The SCO Tianjin (天津) Summit will be the largest summit since the establishment of the SCO, not only holding a meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the member states but also holding an "SCO+" meeting. This world-renowned grand event once again provides the world with two perspectives to understand the success code of the SCO.
Internally, the SCO insists on treating all countries equally, advocates equality between large and small countries, adheres to the principle of consensus, discusses matters more and discusses things well, and does not engage in bullying the small or the weak.
Externally, the SCO firmly adheres to the principle of openness, does not engage in closed and exclusive "small circles," but builds an open and inclusive "big family," and establishes partnerships and develops mutually beneficial cooperation with more like-minded countries and international organizations.
Because of this, the SCO is increasingly demonstrating strong vitality, cohesion, and attractiveness, "the international community's interest in it is constantly increasing," "countries hoping to join the SCO are lining up," and "I believe that such an organization will only become more and more successful."
The SCO's international influence continues to increase, expanding the geographical space radiated by the concept of equality and consultation, and injecting strong impetus into the construction of a new type of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation.
(III)
Promoting harmony and inclusiveness by respecting diverse civilizations.
The deepest foundation of the "Shanghai Spirit" lies in adhering to equality among civilizations and inclusive dialogue, and advocating the peaceful coexistence and harmonious symbiosis of different civilizations.
The emblem of China's rotating presidency of the SCO takes the SCO emblem as the main body, surrounded by cloud and thunder patterns and Kui dragon patterns derived from bronze ware patterns in the pre-Qin period, implying full of hope and endless life. The design of the emblem embodies the sincere hope of "a civilization-type country where five thousand years of civilization overlaps with a modern country."
"Confucianism advocates 'When the Great Way prevails, all under heaven will work for the common good,' and advocates 'harmonizing all nations, working together in harmony, and the whole world as one family.' This concept of 'harmony' has many things in common with the 'Shanghai Spirit.'" At the 2018 SCO Qingdao (青岛) Summit, in the birthplace of Confucian culture, President Xi Jinping (习近平) explained the "Shanghai Spirit" in this way.
The "Shanghai Spirit" originates from "the beauty of harmony lies in the combination of differences"—
The diversity of human civilization is the basic characteristic of the world and the source of human progress. Different histories and national conditions, different ethnic groups and customs have nurtured different civilizations in the SCO region, given rise to different political and economic systems in regional countries, and formed different levels and models of economic development. Civilizational diversity is the SCO's valuable asset, pregnant with the SCO's huge development potential. Regional countries adhere to respecting diverse civilizations and abandoning civilizational conflicts, laying a solid civilizational foundation for countries to achieve harmonious coexistence, mutual benefit and win-win results, and benefit the people.
The "Shanghai Spirit" is committed to "beauty in each and harmonious symbiosis"—
The most solid foundation for the development of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation lies in mutual learning among civilizations, and the deepest strength lies in the connectivity of people's hearts. The "SCO Health Express International Brightness Action" sows the seeds of light, the first Luban Workshop in Central Asia delivers a large number of professional talents to Tajikistan (塔吉克斯坦), the teenagers of the "SCO Family" jointly plant a friendship forest in Beijing (北京), and tourism years, film festivals, joint archaeology and other activities are held one after another... Regional countries adhere to openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual learning, practice the Global Civilization Initiative, and carry out in-depth cooperation in science and technology, education, art, health, tourism and other fields, responding to the people's expectations for a rich spiritual life.
Civilizational exchanges and mutual learning, from a broader perspective, are also a common quest for development experience and modernization paths. Achieving modernization is the common goal of the SCO countries. Chinese-style modernization is deeply rooted in the excellent traditional Chinese culture, drawing on and absorbing all the excellent achievements of human civilization, and creating a new form of human civilization. China strengthens exchanges of experience in governance with regional countries, becoming fellow travelers on each other's modernization paths, which will surely enrich the garden of human civilization.
(IV)
Achieving win-win prosperity by seeking common development.
Development is the master key to solving all problems. The "Shanghai Spirit" advocates that true development is when everyone develops together, adheres to joint consultation, joint construction, and sharing, strengthens the alignment of development strategies, and takes the path of mutual benefit, win-win results, and common prosperity.
"This is a great undertaking that benefits the people of all countries along the route." On September 7, 2013, in Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦), a member state of the SCO, President Xi Jinping (习近平) first proposed jointly building the "Silk Road Economic Belt." A few days later, at the SCO Bishkek (比什凯克) Summit, President Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "The six member states and five observer states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation are all located along the ancient Silk Road. As member states and observer states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, we have a responsibility to inherit the spirit of the Silk Road and carry it forward."
Since then, the spirit of the Silk Road of peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit, and win-win results has complemented the "Shanghai Spirit," injecting new impetus into the SCO's development. The SCO's share of the global economy has steadily increased, and its contribution to world economic growth has continued to rise.
Former SCO Secretary-General Nurgaliev (努尔加利耶夫) said that in the process of the SCO's development, China has always taken its own actions to drive all parties to take the path of inclusive development and mutually beneficial cooperation.
In action, there is top-level design. Promote the alignment of the "Belt and Road" initiative with Kazakhstan's (哈萨克斯坦) "Bright Road" new economic policy, Mongolia's (蒙古国) "Prairie Road" initiative, the Eurasian Economic Union, and other regional countries' development strategies and cooperation initiatives, strive to create an "upgraded version" of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (中巴经济走廊), accelerate the construction of the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor (中蒙俄经济走廊), create more cooperation growth points, and release regional development vitality.
In action, there is coordinated development. The China-SCO Local Economic and Trade Cooperation Demonstration Zone provides regional countries with a "gateway to the sea" facing the Asia-Pacific region, the construction of the China-Kyrgyzstan-Uzbekistan Railway (中吉乌铁路) is accelerating, Pakistan's (巴基斯坦) Gwadar (瓜达尔) New International Airport has been officially put into operation, and the second phase of the China-Tajikistan Highway (中塔公路) will create "a new road connecting the two countries"... The flow of people, logistics, capital, and information, and interconnectivity release the surging momentum of regional cooperation.
In action, there are people's expectations. The SCO Agricultural Technology Exchange and Training Demonstration Base creates a "sample room" for smart agriculture, Chinese green electricity lights up Zhanatas (札纳塔斯), a small city in southern Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦), Uzbekistan (乌兹别克斯坦) pilots and promotes China's poverty reduction experience in all states across the country, and the China-Tajikistan (中塔) cooperation digital medical platform achieves full coverage of remote consultations... Higher quality and more sustainable development meet the people's expectations for a prosperous and happy life.
2025 is the "Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Sustainable Development Year." China and all parties will continue to carry out pragmatic actions around the eight key cooperation areas of the Global Development Initiative and will announce new measures and actions at the Tianjin (天津) Summit to support the SCO's high-quality development and all-round cooperation. The vigorously developing solid actions will lead the SCO cooperation to take on a new look, run at an accelerated pace, and reach a new level, continuously enhancing the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
(V)
Following the "Shanghai Spirit," the SCO is not only committed to regional stability and prosperity but also makes important theoretical and practical explorations for building a new type of international relations and a human community with a shared future.
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, and also the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. At a time when the world is undergoing profound changes and turbulent transformations are intertwined, the SCO Tianjin (天津) Summit will issue a statement on the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations, jointly sending out the strong voice of the SCO on major international and regional issues, reflecting reality and indicating the future.
80 years ago, the countries and peoples of the SCO region experienced the catastrophe of World War II, made huge sacrifices, and made decisive contributions to justice defeating evil and civilization defeating barbarism. On the basis of the victory of World War II, China, together with important members of the anti-fascist alliance, jointly discussed the establishment of the United Nations, jointly formulated the UN Charter, opened a historical chapter for countries to jointly build peace and seek common development, and promoted the long-term progress of human civilization.
The best commemoration of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War is to write a new chapter in the practice of maintaining world peace and promoting common development with greater political courage and historical responsibility.
At present, the world is undergoing profound changes, the international landscape is undergoing profound adjustments, regional conflicts are emerging one after another, and the peace deficit, development deficit, security deficit, and governance deficit are increasing. There are doubts about the "failure" of the United Nations and the "failure" of international law; there are attempts to believe in "zero-sum games" and "national priority" and replace international norms with the law of the jungle; and there are acts of engaging in "decoupling and breaking chains" and "small yards and high walls" and suppressing and containing the development of other countries to maintain their own hegemony.
Upholding the "Shanghai Spirit," the SCO countries firmly stand on the right side of history, on the side of human civilizational progress, practice true multilateralism, and advocate an equal and orderly multipolar world and an inclusive and inclusive economic globalization. As an important platform for the unity and self-improvement of the Global South, the SCO is gathering powerful forces for improving global governance and building a human community with a shared future.
The road of history is never smooth, and the power of the spirit is needed to overcome obstacles. **不忘初心，方得始终** (bù wàng chū xīn, fāng dé shǐ zhōng - "do not forget the original intention, and you will reach the end," one who stays true to the original aspiration will achieve the goal). Taking the Tianjin (天津) Summit as a new starting point, the SCO will continue to use the "Shanghai Spirit" as a torch, continuously illuminating the path of building an SCO community with a shared future, and injecting more stability and hope for development and progress into a turbulent and changing world.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 29th. A spokesperson for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外交部) on the 29th answered a reporter's question regarding the Philippines' condoning of the Taiwan authorities' foreign affairs department head's visit to the Philippines.
A reporter asked: According to reports, the head of the Taiwan region's foreign affairs department recently visited the Philippines in the capacity of the head of a so-called foundation, met with individual Philippine officials, and participated in economic and trade activities. What is China's comment on this?
The spokesperson said that the Philippines' condoning of Lin Chia-lung (林佳龍)'s visit in the capacity of the head of a so-called foundation provides a stage for "Taiwan independence" separatist forces to engage in anti-China activities, seriously violating the basic norms of international relations and the Philippines' commitments on the Taiwan issue. Recently, the Philippines has taken a series of erroneous and provocative words and deeds on the Taiwan issue, continuously hollowing out the one-China principle, and continuously damaging China-Philippines relations, once again exposing the Philippine government's poor quality of 言而无信 (yán ér wú xìn - "words but no trust," breaking one's promise; untrustworthy). China firmly opposes this and has lodged solemn representations and strong protests with the Philippines in both Beijing (北京) and Manila (马尼拉).
The spokesperson stated that Taiwan is an inalienable part of China's territory. The Taiwan issue is China's internal affair. China urges the Philippines to abide by the one-China principle and the spirit of the China-Philippines Joint Communiqué on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations, 悬崖勒马 (xuán yá lè mǎ - "rein in the horse at the edge of the cliff," to come to a sudden realization and avoid danger; to stop before it's too late), 改邪归正 (gǎi xié guī zhèng - "abandon evil return to righteousness," to turn over a new leaf; to mend one's ways), not to play with fire on issues concerning China's core interests, stop sending any wrong signals to "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, and not to underestimate the Chinese people's firm will to defend national sovereignty and territorial integrity. The Philippines' actions of trampling on China's red line will inevitably pay a price, and all consequences arising therefrom must be borne by the Philippines.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, August 29th (北京) – This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. The publishing industry, with a high sense of responsibility and mission, closely focuses on the theme of "Remembering History, Cherishing the Memory of Martyrs, Cherishing Peace, and Creating the Future," promoting the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and launching a number of high-quality works with excellent ideological, artistic, and readability qualities. These works are characterized by prominent themes, authoritative and valuable historical materials, and rich and vivid content, which are welcomed by readers and have generated a positive social response.
A number of general history and thematic works vividly reproduce the historical scene of the Chinese military and civilians uniting as one, withstanding the enemy with a common hatred, and fighting to the death with the invaders under the banner of the Anti-Japanese National United Front advocated and established by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), focusing on demonstrating the unyielding backbone and spirit of the Chinese nation. The revised and republished edition of "A History of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japan (1931-1945) (中华民族抗日战争史（1931—1945）)" presents the historical panorama and patriotic spirit of the Chinese nation's united resistance against Japan from political, military, and diplomatic perspectives, showcasing the great image of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) as the mainstay of the entire nation's resistance against Japan. "A Newly Compiled History of World War II (新编第二次世界大战史)" presents a panoramic view of the grand picture of the World Anti-Fascist War, highlighting the position and contribution of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in the World Anti-Fascist War. The "Compilation of Archives of the War of Resistance Against Japan (抗日战争档案汇编)" series is developed by the State Archives Administration (国家档案局) with an overall plan to systematically organize the archives of the War of Resistance Against Japan preserved in comprehensive archives at all levels, providing detailed and reliable historical support for the study of the War of Resistance Against Japan, and helping to further promote the research and dissemination of the history of the War of Resistance. The "Series of Books on the Anti-Japanese War Behind Enemy Lines Led by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党领导的敌后抗战)" (22 volumes) comprehensively and vividly reflects the Communist Party of China's (中国共产党) firm will to resist Japan, resolute actions to resist Japan, the formulation and implementation of a comprehensive war of resistance line, and the heroic feats and historical contributions of leading the Eighth Route Army (八路军), the New Fourth Army (新四军), and other anti-Japanese armed forces to advance behind enemy lines and resist the Japanese army. "Historical Materials on Japan's Decision-Making to Invade China (日本侵华决策史料丛编)" (46 volumes), "Compilation of Archives of the Japanese Army's Germ Warfare in World War II (二战日军细菌战档案汇编)" (18 volumes), and "Ironclad Evidence - Research on Newly Excavated Archives of Japanese Invasion of China in Jilin Province (铁证如山——吉林省新发掘日本侵华档案研究)" (29 volumes) and other books, based on solid historical archives, deeply expose the crimes of Japan's invasion of China from multiple perspectives, including the war aggressor, the victim, and the third party witnessing Japan's invasion of China. "A History of the Anti-Japanese Struggle of the People of Taiwan During the Japanese Occupation (日据时期台湾人民抗日斗争史)" comprehensively reflects the heroic struggle history of the people of Taiwan against Japanese colonial rule, elaborates on the important historical and practical significance of Taiwan's recovery, refutes the fallacies of the "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, and reveals the historical fact that Taiwan is an inseparable part of China's sacred territory. "The Complete History of Japanese 'Comfort Women' (日军“慰安妇”全史)" features three major characteristics: "panoramic ironclad evidence, systematic and three-dimensional, and academic benchmark," linking scattered historical materials into a complete chain of evidence, using 2 million words and more than 30 years of multi-national field investigation results to record the real experiences of victims and expose the barbaric acts of Japanese invaders.
A number of academic research works adhere to the correct view of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japan and World War II, accurately grasp the historical process, mainstream, and essence of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, adhere to the unity of ideology and academic quality, insist on recording history as it is, passionately eulogize heroes, and also focus on summarizing historical experience and drawing on the strength to forge ahead. There are new breakthroughs in the depth and breadth of research. "Mao Zedong (毛泽东), the Banner of the War of Resistance" systematically sorts out Comrade Mao Zedong's (毛泽东同志) accurate predictions about China's War of Resistance, elaborates on his series of strategic thoughts and important measures on the Anti-Japanese United Front, protracted war, people's war, and guerrilla warfare, and demonstrates his banner-like and leading role in China's War of Resistance. "The Southern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the Great War of Resistance Against Japan (中共中央南方局与伟大的抗日战争)" recounts the achievements made by the Southern Bureau during the War of Resistance period under the direct leadership of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央) in carrying out its work creatively, and its contribution to the victory of the War of Resistance. "People's Army's Campaign Series: The War of Resistance Against Japan (人民军队征战丛书·抗日战争篇)" describes the arduous struggle of the anti-Japanese armed forces led by the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) based on original telegrams, document archives, and other historical materials. The "Thematic Studies on the War of Resistance Against Japan (抗日战争专题研究)" series has now published 55 titles, targeting several special topics on the War of Resistance Against Japan, with more innovation in research direction, research content, framework system, and academic viewpoints. "Chinese Thought During the War of Resistance Against Japan (抗战时期的中国思想)" comprehensively explores the overall situation and characteristics of the development of Chinese thought during the War of Resistance Against Japan, profoundly reveals the glorious course of the Chinese nation's national spirit tempered and forged in the flames of the War of Resistance, and powerfully corroborates that the Communist Party of China's (中国共产党) role as the mainstay is the key to the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. "Research on the History of the War of Resistance Against Japan in Contemporary China (当代中国抗日战争史研究)" comprehensively reviews the research on the history of the War of Resistance since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, and demonstrates the research development context, important achievements, and innovative breakthroughs. "Collection of Essays on the Study of the War of Resistance Against Japan (抗日战争研究论集)" presents a panoramic view of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japan with a broad historical perspective, focusing on summarizing and generalizing the laws of historical development, and elaborating on the important significance of the victory of the War of Resistance for the establishment of China's status as a major power.
A number of literary and artistic works deeply explore details, use objects to verify history, and reproduce the truth of history with simple emotions and vivid artistic language, telling the stories of unyielding, heroic, and fearless resistance against Japan from multiple dimensions, demonstrating the great spirit of the War of Resistance, and possessing the power to warm people's hearts and inspire fighting spirit. "Secret Struggle: A Scholar's Cultural War of Resistance (暗斗：一个书生的文化抗战)" tells the story of Zheng Zhenduo's (郑振铎) efforts to preserve culture and continue the cultural heritage for the country during the War of Resistance, outlining a group portrait history of the cultural war of resistance. "Cheqiao Cheqiao (车桥 车桥)" takes the New Fourth Army's (新四军) Cheqiao Campaign in 1944 as the background and presents a panoramic view of the prelude to the strategic counter-offensive against Japan in Central China. "Dipped in Fire (蘸火记)" takes the story of Zhangqiu blacksmiths making guns to resist Japan as the main line, telling the story of the anti-Japanese armed forces on Zhangqiu Changling Mountain (章丘长岭山) uniting to kill the enemy. "Family Letters of the War of Resistance (抗战家书)" (revised edition) includes nearly a hundred family letters from more than 40 war of resistance veterans, telling the stories behind these family letters, providing vivid materials and fresh perspectives for understanding the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. "My Grandfather Yang Jingyu (我的爷爷杨靖宇)" takes the family memory of Ma Jizhi (马继志), the grandson of General Yang Jingyu (杨靖宇将军), as a unique perspective, vividly reproducing General Yang Jingyu's (杨靖宇将军) outstanding contributions, heroic deeds, and noble character in the War of Resistance through oral narration, demonstrating the inheritance of the red gene in the blood of future generations. "Fly High With Songs: Foreign Friends During the War of Resistance Against Japan (无问西东：抗战时期的外国友人)" systematically sorts out the history of foreign friends from the fields of news, military, medical, and education supporting China's War of Resistance during the War of Resistance, reproducing the magnificent picture of them fighting side by side with the Chinese military and civilians against fascism. "Three Hundred Poems of the War of Resistance Against Japan (抗战诗词三百首)" compiles poems with the theme of the War of Resistance from 1931 to 1945, combining poetry selection with narration, artistically reproducing the heroic deeds of people with lofty ideals in the War of Resistance, and leading readers to appreciate the glorious years. "Light and Shadow Landscape: Film and the War of Resistance (光影山河：电影与抗战)" uses light and shadow to cast history, presenting the development context of the Chinese film industry in the 14 years of the War of Resistance through precious image materials and historical archives. "Appreciation of Fine Arts: The History of the War of Resistance in Fine Arts from 1931 to 1945 (丹青鉴证：1931—1945美术中的抗战历史)" includes more than 800 fine art works with the theme of the War of Resistance, vividly presenting the magnificent history of artists using fine art works to engrave the Chinese nation's common hatred and bloody battle. "Victory and Peace - A Classic Collection of Comic Strips Commemorating the 80th Anniversary of the Victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War (胜利与和平——纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年连环画典藏)" selects 61 comic strip works with the theme of the War of Resistance, cleverly combining fiction and non-fiction, historical narrative and the stories of heroic figures, and reproducing the magnificent history of World War II from multiple angles. A number of children's literature works, such as "Who Sings in the Forest (谁在林中歌唱)," "February Ballad (二月谣)," "Children's Troupe (孩子剧团)," "Jieyuan Flower Shop (芥园花铺)," "1938 Answers 2026 (1938回答2026)," "Bell (钟声)," "Bugle (号角)," "General's Order (将军令)," and "Summer Return (夏归)," tell the stories of the War of Resistance and promote the great spirit of the War of Resistance to young people. In addition, a number of literary works, such as "Red Star Over China (红星照耀中国)," "Chicken Feather Letter (鸡毛信)," "Little Hero Yu Lai (小英雄雨来)," "Little Soldier Zhang Ga (小兵张嘎)," and "The Diary of John Rabe (拉贝日记)," have been revised and republished, fully demonstrating the charm of classic works and providing readers with a unique perspective to truly and objectively understand the history of the War of Resistance.
In order to do a good job in promoting and recommending books on the theme of the War of Resistance, the publishing industry has organized a series of rich and colorful activities such as exhibitions, new book readings, and serializations in newspapers and periodicals. In addition, book donation activities were also carried out to send books to the grassroots level, which were welcomed by cadres and the masses.
Return to TopGanzhou Municipal Public Utilities Investment Holding Group Co., Ltd. (赣州市政公用投资控股集团有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "Ganzhou Municipal Public Utilities Group (赣州市政公用集团)") adheres to Party building to lead development, regards strengthening the construction of the Party building brand as a key link in the Group's deepening reform, takes the construction of a "1+4+N" Party building brand system as the center, and runs the concept of "municipal administration for the people" through the four major business segments of water affairs, public transportation, municipal construction, and municipal investment. It strengthens corporate governance, promotes market-oriented operation, comprehensively accelerates the transformation from a traditional municipal public utility enterprise to a modern state-owned enterprise, and demonstrates a stronger driving force in ensuring people's livelihood and serving society, and the effectiveness of reform continues to emerge.
In terms of water affairs, Ganzhou Municipal Public Utilities Group (赣州市政公用集团) operates 7 water plants and 21 booster stations, with a daily water supply capacity of 1.12 million tons, serving 820,000 users, with a total pipeline length of over 2,700 kilometers, and supporting sewage treatment and emergency water source facilities to comprehensively ensure urban water safety.
In terms of public transportation, the Ganzhou Municipal Public Utilities Group (赣州市政公用集团) Bus Company operates more than 120 routes, with an average daily passenger volume of 110,000 passengers. It has 24 stations, more than 1,000 bus waiting points, and thousands of buses and taxis, building a widely covered urban public transportation network.
In terms of municipal construction, Ganzhou Municipal Public Utilities Group (赣州市政公用集团) actively participates in the construction of various livelihood facilities, and has completed a number of livelihood projects with high quality and efficiency, such as the construction of 3 pedestrian bridges, the installation of anti-collision guardrails on 14 large bridges, the upgrading and renovation of 28 roads and 14 sidewalks, and the renovation of water accumulation points on Bayi 4th Road (八一四大道).
In terms of municipal investment, Ganzhou Municipal Public Utilities Group (赣州市政公用集团) has participated in 12 projects involving urban parking, ecological environmental protection, and other fields. In order to help solve the "difficult parking" problem for Ganzhou (赣州) citizens, it has adopted a systematic solution of "capacity expansion + speed increase + intelligence" to promote the construction of public parking lots in the central urban area, adding 5,267 parking spaces, creating a smart parking platform "Gantongting (赣通停)", connecting more than 580 parking lots, and registering 295,000 users, effectively alleviating the urban "difficult parking" problem. In response to the "difficult parking" problem of a certain affiliated hospital, Ganzhou Municipal Public Utilities Group (赣州市政公用集团) used the hospital's idle space to build a new intelligent three-dimensional parking building, which is connected to the "Five-District Integrated Smart Parking" management platform. Car owners can obtain real-time and accurate parking space information through "Gantongting (赣通停)".
In the magnificent journey of revitalizing the old revolutionary base area of southern Jiangxi (赣南), as a state-owned enterprise directly under the municipal government that guarantees people's livelihood, Ganzhou Municipal Public Utilities Group (赣州市政公用集团) always resonates with urban development and the people's expectations, practices the mission of "building a high-quality state-owned enterprise, a happy state-owned enterprise, and a responsible state-owned enterprise," and continues to accelerate the construction of a modern state-owned enterprise, contributing state-owned enterprise strength to Ganzhou's (赣州) urban development and people's well-being with solid business capabilities and a strong sense of social responsibility.
Data source: Ganzhou Municipal Public Utilities Investment Holding Group Co., Ltd. (赣州市政公用投资控股集团有限公司)
Return to TopThe wheels of history roll forward, but some memories are permanently engraved in the depths of the nation's soul, and some spirits will surely transcend time and space and remain fresh forever. The 14-year War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, 5,098 days and nights, nurtured the great spirit of the War of Resistance, which is not only a magic weapon for defeating the enemy in those years, but also an inexhaustible source of strength for us to embark on a new journey and gather strength.
Today, we enter the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the theme exhibition "For National Liberation and World Peace" to appreciate the unyielding spirit of the War of Resistance behind the revolutionary cultural relics and to appreciate the noble spirit of the revolutionary martyrs and predecessors who sacrificed themselves for national independence and freedom.
-- Editor
《On Protracted War》 Valuable Documents --
A guiding light to winning the victory of the War of Resistance
Chen Liang (陈亮)
In the exhibition cabinet displaying the general strategic policy of adhering to the protracted war in the third part of the exhibition, multiple versions of Mao Zedong's (毛泽东) "On Protracted War" are displayed.
In May and June 1938, Mao Zedong summarized the experience of the 10 months since the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, and completed "On Protracted War," thoroughly criticizing the erroneous views of "national subjugation theory" and "quick victory theory." With scientific foresight and rare insight, he planned the outcome of the Sino-Japanese War - "The War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression is a protracted war, and the final victory belongs to China," clearly and powerfully depicting the complete blueprint of China's War of Resistance and the bright future of anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare.
From May 26 to June 3, 1938, Mao Zedong delivered a speech entitled "On Protracted War" at the Yan'an (延安) Anti-Japanese War Research Association. The full text of "On Protracted War" was published in the combined issue of the 43rd and 44th issues of "Liberation" published on July 1, and multiple versions were published in various places.
The exhibition presents the earliest separate edition of "On Protracted War" - the Yan'an Liberation Society edition, the Wuhan (武汉) and Chongqing (重庆) editions of the Xinhua Daily (新华日报) widely circulated in the Kuomintang-controlled areas, various anti-Japanese base area editions, and the separate edition published by the Daily Translation Agency on September 4, 1938 - the Shanghai (上海) Concession edition.
Among the many versions, two foreign language versions are particularly eye-catching. In October 1938, Yang Gang (杨刚), a female reporter of Ta Kung Pao (大公报) and an underground member of the Communist Party of China, translated "On Protracted War" into English and serialized it publicly in "Candid Comment," and secretly published the English version of "On Protracted War." This version translates "On Protracted War" into Prolonged War, the author is Mao Tse Tung, that is, Mao Zedong, and the translator is Shih Ming, that is, "anonymous," which is Yang Gang's pen name. This is the English version of "On Protracted War" that can be seen during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
In December 1938, the Japanese translation of "On Protracted War" translated and published by the Central China Economic Research Institute of Japan (see Figure 2) was No. 80 of the Central Research Data. The cover is stamped with a red "Secret" stamp, which was stamped by the Japanese collection agency at that time as confidential information. Japanese intelligence and research institutions translated "On Protracted War" into Japanese, possibly for Japanese military and political leaders, intelligence personnel, etc. to read and study, and used it for internal research on the Communist Party of China's operational guiding ideology for the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. This version witnessed the tenacious resistance of the military and civilians in the anti-Japanese base areas led by the Communist Party of China against Japan, which has attracted great attention from Japan.
"On Protracted War" raised guerrilla warfare to a strategic height, formulated the correct line, principles, policies, and strategic tactics of people's war to guide the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and was a guiding light for the Chinese military and civilians to defeat Japanese imperialism and win the victory of the War of Resistance.
Yang Jingyu's (杨靖宇) Seal --
Engraving the unyielding will of anti-Japanese heroes
Zhao Dili (赵迪立)
This is a small square copper seal with a lion knob (see Figure 3). It is 15 mm long, 30 mm high, and the lion knob still has a luster. You can imagine that Yang Jingyu once held it tightly and stamped it on countless orders and notifications - the four characters "Yang Jingyu Yin" (杨靖宇印) in relief seal script are now deeply engraved in history. This seal may have been discarded by the Japanese army, or it may have been lost by General Yang Jingyu during the march. In 1967, it was accidentally discovered by a farmer in a field in Tonghua (通化), Jilin (吉林).
Yang Jingyu was one of the main founders and leaders of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army. In his early years, he actively participated in and led the workers' movement. He was arrested and imprisoned five times in Henan (河南) and Northeast China, and remained unyielding despite repeated torture.
After the September 18th Incident, Yang Jingyu formed the 32nd Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army South Manchuria Guerrilla Detachment in November 1932, and successively served as the political commissar of the South Manchuria Guerrilla Detachment, the commander and political commissar of the First Independent Division of the First Army of the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army, etc. During this period, he led the Anti-Japanese Allied Army to fight on the front line of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Guerrilla War, giving the Japanese and puppet troops a heavy blow and deterrence. After suffering repeated blows, the Japanese and puppet troops increased their military suppression, economic blockade, and political surrender efforts against the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army.
In 1940, the combat environment of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army deteriorated further. The troops led by Yang Jingyu were the focus of the enemy's concentrated "suppression." After learning that Yang Jingyu was active in the Mengjiang (濛江) area of Jilin, the Japanese army concentrated its forces to organize multiple "suppression teams" to track and pursue Yang Jingyu. Faced with the complex situation, Yang Jingyu decided to divide his troops, leading a part of the team to fight in the mountainous area between Mengjiang and Huinan (辉南), but he still failed to get rid of the enemy, and the troops suffered serious attrition. In the end, only two guards remained by his side. A few days later, two soldiers were killed while looking for food. The Japanese army judged that Yang Jingyu was nearby, so they increased their troops and blocked the mountains. Yang Jingyu insisted on fighting the enemy alone for five days and five nights. Due to the betrayal of the traitor, the enemy surrounded him in Sandao Waizi (三道崴子). Yang Jingyu held two guns and resisted desperately until he was heroically sacrificed at the age of 35.
The Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army was a people's anti-Japanese armed force under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Yang Jingyu and other leaders of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army were loyal Communist Party members. Their heroic struggle was a concrete manifestation of the Party's anti-Japanese proposition. The heroic struggle of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army is not only an important part of the history of the Chinese War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, but also a glorious chapter in the world's anti-fascist war. This history is worth remembering and studying in depth forever.
Shen Zhongming's (沈忠明) Certificate of Revolutionary Martyr --
Witnessing the underground Communist Party member who shed blood at Lugou Bridge (卢沟桥)
Shi Fang (施芳)
A yellowed certificate of revolutionary martyr is quietly displayed (see Figure 4), fixing Shen Zhongming's short and glorious life, and also witnessing a moving history.
In the late night of July 7, 1937, the gunfire at Lugou Bridge pierced the night sky. Japanese militarists launched a full-scale war of aggression against China, and the Chinese people rose up from then on to carry out a national war of resistance.
At dawn on July 8, the Japanese army heavily surrounded the Huilong Temple (回龙庙) at Lugou Bridge, attempting to seize a strategic location. Shen Zhongming was ordered to be stationed there. He was the platoon leader of the 1st Platoon of the 10th Company of the 3rd Battalion of the 219th Regiment of the 110th Brigade of the 37th Division of the 29th Army of the Chinese garrison, and also an underground member of the Communist Party of China. He led more than 60 soldiers to bravely fight the enemy, using rifles and broadswords to engage in close combat with the enemy, which was several times larger than his own. In the end, all but two members of the platoon were martyred while returning to the city to report the news. Shen Zhongming was seriously injured and heroically sacrificed at the age of 31. Shen Zhongming was an underground Communist Party member who shed blood at Lugou Bridge.
Shen Zhongming was from Huangyingzi Village (黄营子村), Maqiao District (马桥区), Suixi County (濉溪县), Anhui Province (安徽省) (now Huangying Village (黄营村), Songtang Town (宋疃镇), Lieshan District (烈山区), Huaibei City (淮北市)). In 1933, Shen Zhongming joined the Chahar Anti-Japanese Allied Army (察哈尔抗日同盟军). In August 1936, he secretly joined the Communist Party of China through the introduction of his fellow villager Zhou Shuyi (周树一). After the victory of the revolution, Zhou Shuyi proved it for him and wrote an article entitled "Communist Party Member Shen Zhongming Fired the First Shot of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" to tell the world about Shen Zhongming's heroic deeds. After that, Shen Zhongming was posthumously recognized as a revolutionary martyr.
Shen Shumin (沈树敏), Shen Zhongming's second son, is now over ninety years old. In his memory, he was only three or four years old when his father died. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, his family searched for his father's whereabouts everywhere. It was not until Zhou Shuyi found them that "we learned that our father had died at Lugou Bridge."
After that, Shen Shumin came to Lugou Bridge and brought back a handful of soil to build a cenotaph for his father in his hometown, so that his father's heroic soul could return to his hometown.
In July 2024, the staff in charge of cultural relics collection at the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression found Shen Zhongming's descendants, and they immediately said, "As long as the country needs it, we will donate the certificate at any time." That month, Shen Lei (沈磊), Shen Zhongming's great-grandson, donated his great-grandfather Shen Zhongming's certificate of revolutionary martyr to the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression on behalf of his family.
Bethune's Surgical Instruments --
Reflecting the Internationalist Spirit that Transcends Mountains and Seas
Ren Jingpei (任京培)
On August 15, 2007, the family members of You Shenghua (游胜华), Dr. Bethune's close comrade-in-arms and then Deputy Minister of the Health Department of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region (晋察冀军区), donated five precious relics of Dr. Bethune to the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
These five cultural relics are: a bone awl, a hemostat, a medium forceps, a retractor, and a wooden box (partially shown in Figure 5). The first four cultural relics are surgical instruments used by thoracic surgeons, brought by Bethune from Canada to China, and used in various frontline battlefield rescues. In 1939, in a letter he wrote to Nie Rongzhen (聂荣臻), then commander of the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region, when he was dying, he had such an instruction: "Give the Minister of Health of the Military Region two boxes, Deputy Minister You eight kinds of surgical instruments, Dr. Ling can take fifteen kinds, and let Principal Jiang of the Health School choose two items as souvenirs." The above four cultural relics should be part of the "eight kinds of surgical instruments" that Bethune gave to You Shenghua before his death.
As for the wooden box, Bethune used it to store surgical instruments and books during the difficult war years. When marching, he tied it to the pack frame on the horse's back. After arriving at the campsite, he put it on the kang (炕) as a small table. The "eight kinds of surgical instruments of Deputy Minister You" mentioned by Bethune were sent to You Shenghua together in this wooden box.
According to You Liqing (游黎清), the daughter of You Shenghua, her father and mother cherished the relics donated by Bethune very much during their many years of military life. They abandoned many things during marching and fighting, but always carried the legacy of Dr. Bethune with them. After the founding of New China, they cherished it as a family heirloom. In June 1938, Dr. Bethune came to the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region with a large number of medicines, microscopes, X-ray machines, and many surgical instruments, and served as a health consultant. Commander Nie Rongzhen assigned You Shenghua to specifically cooperate with Bethune's work and was responsible for Bethune's safety and life. They often performed surgery and made ward rounds together, went to the front line to perform battlefield surgery together, and went to the front line and rear hospitals to inspect and guide work. Gradually, they became close comrades-in-arms. Even the marriage of You Shenghua and Meng Yi (孟毅) was facilitated with the enthusiastic help of Bethune.
Today, this group of surgical instruments quietly tells the audience: A great internationalist fighter, in order to help the Chinese people's anti-Japanese cause, came to China from afar, not only bringing superb medical skills and sophisticated medical equipment, but also disregarding danger and going to the front line to save the lives of countless Eighth Route Army (八路军) soldiers, training and educating countless Eighth Route Army medical workers, and supporting the Chinese people's anti-Japanese struggle with full enthusiasm!
Relics of the Eighty-Two Martyrs of Liulaozhuang (刘老庄) --
Full of Firm Belief in the Victory of the War of Resistance
Lu Xiaoning (鲁晓宁)
A yellowed photo freezes the resolute face of a young soldier (see Figure 6); a faded envelope carries the family and national feelings of a revolutionary fighter. The fourth part of the exhibition displays the relics of martyr Li Yunpeng (李云鹏), the only one of the eighty-two martyrs of Liulaozhuang who left behind photos and letters. The family letter was a letter of peace written by Li Yunpeng to his family before the battle of Liulaozhuang, and the original letter has been lost.
Li Yunpeng joined the Anti-Japanese Propaganda Team in 1939 and joined the Communist Party of China in the same year. In 1940, he went south with the army and later served as the political instructor of the 4th Company of the 2nd Battalion of the 19th Regiment of the 7th Brigade of the New Fourth Army (新四军). During the march, Li Yunpeng was concerned about his father and seriously ill grandmother in his hometown of northern Jiangsu (苏北), and wrote this letter of peace. He cared about his grandmother's condition, and bluntly said that "it is my fault that I have not repaid this kindness but left home," expressing his self-blame for not fulfilling his filial piety; when talking about work, he hesitated to maintain the safety of his family, "For the sake of - so my work spirit is also very excited"; the expectation at the end of the letter, "Waiting for the wind to subside and the waves to calm, returning triumphantly, the whole family reunited," is full of firm belief in the victory of the War of Resistance.
However, this revolutionary fighter who cared about his family did not wait for the day of "returning triumphantly." In the spring of 1943, the Japanese army launched a large-scale "mopping-up" operation against the Huaibei Anti-Japanese Base Area (淮海抗日根据地) in northern Jiangsu. On the evening of March 17, the company was stationed in Liulaozhuang (刘老庄), Huaiyin County (淮阴县), waiting for orders. At dawn on the 18th, more than 3,000 invading Japanese and puppet troops were discovered. Facing an enemy dozens of times larger than themselves, Li Yunpeng and company commander Bai Sicai (白思才) led all the soldiers of the company to stubbornly resist, repelling 5 enemy attacks in more than 6 hours and killing and wounding more than 100 Japanese and puppet troops. In the end, all 82 warriors of the company ran out of ammunition and food and were all heroically martyred. Li Yunpeng's life was forever fixed at the age of 23.
In 2016, Li Yunpeng's sister Li Aiyun (李爱云) donated these two cultural relics to the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. Today, they are prominently displayed in the fourth part of the exhibition. The cultural relics not only express deep condolences to the eighty-two martyrs of Liulaozhuang, but also highlight the loyalty and concern of the revolutionary martyrs, the unrepentant dedication to the cause of the War of Resistance, and the firm confidence in achieving victory with the delicate carrier of "family letters."
The Medal of Independence and Freedom --
Engraving the outstanding achievements in striving for national independence
Dong Xiao (董晓), Wang Liduo (王立铎)
The Medal of Independence and Freedom was established in 1955 by a resolution passed by the Seventh Meeting of the Standing Committee of the First National People's Congress to award medals to meritorious personnel who participated in the revolutionary war during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. It is a high recognition of the meritorious personnel of the Chinese People's Liberation Army during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and a proof of their outstanding achievements in fighting heroically for national independence and freedom. The medal allows people to forever remember the martyrs who dedicated themselves to national independence and freedom and the predecessors who made contributions, inherit the patriotic feelings of **天下兴亡，匹夫有责** (tiān xià xīng wáng, pǐ fū yǒu zé - "everyone is responsible for the fate of their country," everyone bears responsibility for the rise and fall of the nation), and enhance national cohesion and centripetal force.
The exhibition cabinet in the eighth part of the exhibition displays the first, second, and third class Medals of Independence and Freedom (see Figure 7). The designer of the medal is Zhou Lingzhao (周令钊), who participated in drawing the portrait of Chairman Mao (毛主席) on the Tiananmen (天安门) Gate Tower during the founding ceremony.
In February 1955, after receiving the medal design task from the General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army, Zhou Lingzhao quickly put forward design ideas and drew sketches by consulting a large number of documents: the central pattern of the medal is the Yan'an Pagoda Mountain (延安宝塔山) illuminated by the red star, symbolizing that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the revolutionary holy land Yan'an was the revolutionary base of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression; the texture of the medal is a metal badge with alternating gold and silver colors. The design ideas and sketches were quickly approved. After the final draft was completed, Zhou Lingzhao's wife Chen Ruoju (陈若菊) participated in the in-depth and detailed drawing work and drew a three-dimensional rendering. The military reported the medal sample to the central government level by level for approval before production. The finally awarded "Medal of Independence and Freedom" includes the Medal of Independence and Freedom, a ribbon, a medal box, and a medal certificate. The Medal of Independence and Freedom is octagonal, the ribbon is green, and there are one to three yellow vertical bars indicating the level.
On September 27, 1955, Zhu De (朱德) and 117 others were awarded the first-class Medal of Independence and Freedom in the first batch. In 1957, another award ceremony was held, awarding 196 people the first-class Medal of Independence and Freedom, 4,152 people the second-class Medal of Independence and Freedom, and 31,098 people the third-class Medal of Independence and Freedom.
Return to TopBy: 罗存康 韩小昆
Before a photo matrix wall at the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (中国人民抗日战争纪念馆), there is always a constant stream of visitors stopping. The 5,098 old photographs of the war reflect the bloody resistance of 450 million Chinese people from September 18, 1931, to September 2, 1945, totaling 5,098 days, or 14 years. In the specially set up "Promoting the Great Spirit of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and Deeply Cherishing the Memory of the Heroes of the Resistance Against Japanese Aggression" special area, many visitors offer flowers to the heroes every day...
The theme exhibition "For National Liberation and World Peace" opened on July 7. Currently, it has received a cumulative total of over 600,000 visitors from all walks of life. With the theme of "Remembering History, Cherishing the Memory of Martyrs, Cherishing Peace, and Creating the Future," the exhibition is divided into 8 parts, displaying 1,525 photographs and 3,237 cultural relics. The exhibition presents a comprehensive view of the history of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression from 1931 to 1945, with the Communist Party of China's (中国共产党) role as the mainstay as the main thread, focusing on highlighting the status of the Chinese battlefield as the main Eastern battlefield, focusing on telling the stories of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, delving into details, using material evidence to tell history, and profoundly interpreting the great victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.
Focus on highlighting the Communist Party of China's (中国共产党) role as the mainstay in the national resistance against Japanese aggression.
Detailed archives recording Zhao Yiman's (赵一曼) arrest and heroic sacrifice, the martyr's certificate of Shen Zhongming (沈忠明), an underground party member who died in the July 7th Incident, and the backpack used by Snow (斯诺) during his interview in Yan'an (延安)... Nearly 1/3 of the cultural relics are on display for the first time in the exhibition.
The exhibition accurately grasps the theme and main line of the history of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and strives to demonstrate that the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) is the most determined to defend national independence, the most resolute in safeguarding national interests, and the most courageous in resisting foreign aggression, by widely absorbing important academic achievements, precious cultural relics and documents, and rare historical images in the past 10 years, focusing on highlighting the Communist Party of China's (中国共产党) role as the mainstay in the national resistance against Japanese aggression.
First, it focuses on demonstrating that the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) took the lead in holding high the banner of armed resistance against Japan and directly led the armed struggle against Japan in Northeast China, and was the national pioneer in rising up to resist the aggression of Japanese militarism; second, it focuses on demonstrating that the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) adhered to the line of all-out resistance and the general policy of protracted war, carried out anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare, and built consolidated anti-Japanese democratic base areas, and the enemy's rear battlefield gradually became the main battlefield of the anti-Japanese war; third, it comprehensively demonstrates that the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) opened up the enemy's rear battlefield, led the people's anti-Japanese armed forces, and stood firmly on the front line of the anti-Japanese war, becoming the mainstay of adhering to the anti-Japanese war, and fully reflects the heroic combat history of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) leading the four major battlefields of Northeast China, North China, Central China, and South China; fourth, it focuses on demonstrating that the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) advocated, adhered to, and maintained the anti-Japanese national united front, and effectively maintained the overall situation of unity and resistance against Japan.
Comprehensively demonstrate the important role and status of the main Eastern battlefield.
The exhibition emphasizes that China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression was an important part of the world's anti-fascist war, and the Chinese people heroically resisted the aggression of Japanese militarism and paid a huge national sacrifice. The exhibition runs through the concept of the main Eastern battlefield throughout, and comprehensively demonstrates the important role and status of the main Eastern battlefield.
The exhibition focuses on placing the content of each part in an international perspective, highlighting that China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression opened the prelude to the world's anti-fascist war, opened up the main Eastern battlefield of the world's anti-fascist war, and highlights the close connection between China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the world's anti-fascist war; it focuses on highlighting that China's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression has long contained and resisted the main force of Japanese militarism through a series of precious cultural relics, charts, and data, and has strategically coordinated and supported the operations of the Allied forces, making a major contribution to the victory of the world's anti-fascist war; by setting up large-scale theme videos, Chinese support for Allied operations landscapes and other exhibition items, it highlights the status and role of the Chinese battlefield as the main Eastern battlefield; through precious pictures, cultural relics, videos and other exhibition items, it highlights China's formation of the United Nations and its role as one of the permanent members of the Security Council, making contributions to maintaining world peace and development after the war.
Taking the audience as the center, creating an immersive visiting experience.
This exhibition takes the audience as the center, combines traditional methods with modern technology, combines physical exhibits with scene displays, combines static displays with dynamic interpretations, highlights interactivity, enhances participation, and creates an immersive visiting experience.
In the first part of the exhibition, simulated battle scenes of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army (东北抗联) with snow scenes, birch trees, and pine forests reproduce the arduous struggle environment of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army (东北抗联). This exhibition creates an emotional atmosphere of moving from dark to light, from cold to warm, from suffering to glory, and from sorrow to victory by integrating the color tones and lighting changes of the exhibition hall according to the historical development of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. The exhibition also extracts representative elements and iconic content based on historical photographs, mountains and geography, and ruins and relics, and comprehensively uses various elements such as cultural relics, pictures, charts, and videos to restore major historical events and important battles and battles in a scene-based manner and display them in a situational manner, creating a sense of immersion and enhancing the appeal.
Li Shaoyan's (李少言) prints are displayed in island-style central display cabinets, Soviet-style anti-aircraft guns and Nanjing (南京) surrender tables and chairs are displayed in semi-open style, archives of the Eighth Route Army's (八路军) anti-"mopping up" in North China are displayed in a concentrated manner, and archives of Japanese forced labor and overseas Chinese resistance against Japan are displayed in a pull-out style... This exhibition focuses on the multi-dimensional display of cultural relics and archives, the three-dimensional display of key cultural relics, strengthens the combination of narratives, and combines cultural relics with specific historical scenes and storylines, making the display of cultural relics more dynamic and layered.
The exhibition also uses oil paintings, traditional Chinese paintings, sculptures and other artworks that fit the theme to strengthen the theme narrative concept and enhance the artistic level and appeal of the exhibition. Such as the relief "December 9th Movement (一二九运动)", the sculpture "I Want to Go to Yan'an (我要去延安)", etc., among which the large group sculpture "Base Area Army and People (根据地军民)" is composed of six representative identity images such as the New Fourth Army (新四军), the Eighth Route Army (八路军), and the militia captain, vividly portraying the heroic image of the army and people in the anti-Japanese base areas sharing a common hatred and fighting to the end.
The use of the latest technological means such as multi-screen creative linkage, AI interaction, naked-eye 3D, and CAVE screen display enhances the immersive visiting experience. For example, using technological means to create a large-scale CAVE five-sided screen ultra-high-definition immersive experience area of "Celebrating the Victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression," the flat newspapers, photos, and videos are processed in three dimensions to reproduce the historical moment of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the victory of the anti-fascist war.
The rich exhibits and diverse forms are all to fully demonstrate the extensive social mobilization, the unprecedented national awakening, the tenacious fighting will, and the firm belief in victory of the Chinese people's united resistance against Japan. As the exhibition shows, the great spirit of resistance against Japan will always be a powerful spiritual driving force to inspire the Chinese nation to forge ahead bravely, guiding us to forge ahead on the road to realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and injecting lasting and majestic Chinese strength into building a community with a shared future for mankind.
(The authors are the Party Secretary and Curator of the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (中国人民抗日战争纪念馆), and the Deputy Director of the Exhibition and Display Department of the Museum of the War of Chinese People's Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (中国人民抗日战争纪念馆), respectively)
Return to TopThis edition's email: ysbjs@peopledaily.cn
Layout design: Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)
Return to TopRaise the National Backbone, Protect Our Vast Land
Ren Feifan (任飞帆)
"The brave win when they meet on a narrow road, always show your sword when encountering the enemy!" This heroic slogan from the TV series *Bright Sword* frequently appeared in the comments section of the People's Daily new media platform's solicitation for "My Favorite War of Resistance Drama."
Li Yunlong (李云龙) led the Independent Regiment in charging into battle. Facing the well-equipped Japanese army, they would defend their position even if only a single soldier remained. Though thousands may stand in my way, I will go forth. This is the spirit of "fighting to the end even if it means bayonet fighting," and the sense of responsibility of "if not me, then who?" at a time of national crisis.
In addition to the heroic Li Yunlong (李云龙), many other images of heroes in the War of Resistance have been etched in eternity. Yang Jingyu (杨靖宇) in *The Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army*, who was unyielding and steadfast; Zhou Yi (周乙) in *The Cliff*, who was profound and forbearing; the three Ming brothers in *The Disguiser*, who were loyal and righteous; and Yang Shusheng (杨树生) in *Heroes of Taihang*, who was brave and resolute, have all been engraved in our cultural memory like statues. In the TV drama exhibition celebrating the 80th anniversary of the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, new dramas such as *Our Rivers and Mountains*, *Returning to the Team*, and *Position* have also attracted much attention. We saw the Northeast Anti-Japanese United Army commando team, which had been reassembled after experiencing life-and-death tests, and we saw Zhuang Qifeng (庄埼风), a young Communist Party member who led the army and the people to expand the Gu County (崮城县) Anti-Japanese base area.
Heroes are not defined by their origins; only through a thousand trials can the most steadfast faith be forged. In *History's Sky*, Jiang Daya (姜大牙), full of Jianghu (江湖) spirit, gradually understood the original intention of "fighting for the poor" while fighting alongside the Communists, and eventually grew into a staunch revolutionary. In *The Rebel*, Lin Nansheng (林楠笙), a confused Kuomintang secret agent, was moved by the fearless spirit of the Communists and later risked his life to pass on intelligence on the hidden front, thwarting the Japanese army's actions. This steadfastness is not a momentary burst of passion, but a sober choice after undergoing trials—faith is always a spiritual lighthouse that cuts through the fog and points the way.
In war dramas, the protagonists are always in the minority. But look, that villager transporting ammunition in the corner, that old woman sewing soles for the soldiers next to the house, those soldiers who fell in the gunfire without names... A single shot on the screen may be a hero's entire life. No one is born a hero. Before this light shines, they are hidden among ordinary people like you and me.
Heroes are the most shining coordinates of a nation, and praising heroes has always been the most moving chapter. From its inception, the anti-Japanese war-themed TV series has shouldered the important mission of engraving memories and praising heroes. Although the storms of war have passed, the bells of history still echo. The patriotic feelings of everyone being responsible for the rise and fall of the world, the national integrity of regarding death as home and never yielding, the heroic spirit of not fearing violence and fighting to the end, and the indomitable and unyielding belief in victory—the great spirit of resistance shown by the heroes is also the eternal creative theme of anti-Japanese war-themed TV series.
Li Dazhao (李大钊) once said: "The road of history is not all smooth. Sometimes it reaches a state of difficulty and danger, and it is only through a strong spirit that it can be overcome." Since the "September 18th Incident" (九一八事变), the flames of war have continued, and the smoke of gunpowder has risen everywhere. The land of China has been devastated, and its people have suffered deeply. In times of national difficulty, heroes emerge. Looking back at the sky of history, it is countless heroes who have raised the national spirit of the vast land.
Today, we do not have to face the raging flames of war, but we still need the nourishment of the heroic spirit. Without "earth-shattering" scenes, the smallest daily life is enough to show the truth: daring to charge ahead in work and daring to tackle tough problems is today's "Bright Sword"; adhering to morality and being honest and upright in life is today's "Zhu Kaishan (朱开山)"; and maintaining sobriety and never wavering in the face of temptation is today's "Tie Lihua (铁梨花)."
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Admiration for heroes will produce heroes, and striving to be heroes will produce a multitude of heroes." The heroic image on the screen has long transcended the plot itself and become a spiritual force that inspires us to move forward. Let us integrate the heroic spirit into our blood and transform it into action, and continue to write our own heroic stories on the new journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Let Heroes Have a Dialogue with the Audience Across Time and Space
Wang Lei (王雷)
I have always felt that it is my honor to be able to portray heroes on the screen. From Jin Ge (金戈) in *War Flag*, to Liu Chunlei (刘春雷) in *Chinese Cavalry*, to Qin Jiwei (秦基伟) in *Shangganling*, and then to Li Yannian (李延年) in *Medal of the Republic*, they have different backgrounds, different personalities, and different destinies, but they are all warriors with a national spirit.
Zhuang Qifeng (庄埼风) in *Our Rivers and Mountains* is also such a character. He is not a fierce general charging into battle, but a weak scholar born and raised in the Yimeng (沂蒙) area, a young Communist Party member who, under the guidance and leadership of his superiors, carries out rent and interest reduction, organizes farmers' associations, and unites the people to resist Japan.
"The people are the foundation of victory" is the guideline for Zhuang Qifeng's (庄埼风) actions. The victory of the War of Resistance is inseparable from the bloody battles of the soldiers on the front lines, and it is also inseparable from the ideological mobilization work of the rear, the grassroots, and those who go deep into the masses. The grassroots party members who undertake this important task, like the heroes who fought bloody battles on the front lines, are serving the people and pursuing national liberation without hesitation. Zhuang Qifeng (庄埼风) approached the earthen kang (土炕) and went to the fields, discovering that it was useless to just talk about saving the country. The most basic wish of the common people was to have enough to eat and wear warm clothes, so he set about promoting rent and interest reduction to improve the lives of the villagers. Because he understood that "great wisdom" would be useless if it did not match the "small thoughts" of the people, and that only by making the villagers feel that this team was working for their happiness could they win support and thus win the war.
The drama largely shows this specific and micro work: awakening the people little by little, so that the villagers can understand and benefit from the party's policies. During the 14 years of the War of Resistance, thousands of grassroots cadres like Zhuang Qifeng (庄埼风) worked silently behind enemy lines, building a copper wall and iron wall for the people's war. They are the bridge connecting the "soldiers" and the "people," the strong backing behind the battlefield, and the cornerstone of victory.
Without the strong plot of bloody battles, how can the "political work" heroes in the base areas be brought to life on the screen? Combining the experience of shaping Li Yannian (李延年), I always remind myself: Zhuang Qifeng (庄埼风) is also communicating with the audience in front of the screen when he speaks to the soldiers and farmers. The audience will adopt the perspective of ordinary people in the drama, and the process of Zhuang Qifeng (庄埼风) explaining policies, boosting morale, and telling the truth to them is also conveying ideas and communicating emotions with today's audience. Therefore, he expresses himself with a distinct personality and with emotions for the villagers. Every sentence is to solve problems, win victory, and improve life, not empty preaching. If the farmers and soldiers understand, the audience will definitely understand, and the spiritual power of the heroes can reach people's hearts across time and space.
To play the story of a hero well, you need to enter the world of the hero, which is also a spiritual baptism for me. At the Yimeng Red Sister Memorial Hall (沂蒙红嫂纪念馆), the silent exhibits tell the story of the deep affection between the army and the people: the last grain of food is used as military rations, the last piece of cloth is used to make military uniforms, and the last son is sent to the battlefield. The villagers' emotional narration has accumulated an emotional foundation for me to shape the role, enabling me to further understand how important the day-to-day and in-depth mass work of "Zhuang Qifengs (庄埼风们)" is, and how much the spirit in them is worth our relaying and inheriting.
If the *Medal of the Republic's* "The Able-bodied Li Yannian (李延年)" unit answers "Why the army led by the Party is invincible," *Our Rivers and Mountains* reflects another historical picture: the cornerstone of victory is consolidated in the rear, at the grassroots level, and in every brick and tile of the people. Those thousands of heroes who work silently in the fields and among the masses may not have earth-shattering feats, but the sparks of thought they sow and the consensus of the people they gather converge into an endless source of power in the torrent of the War of Resistance.
"Zhuang Qifengs (庄埼风们)" are closely linked to the fate of the nation with the breath of soil and the taste of fireworks, and finally shine in the support of the people. Such a history reminds us forever: heroes come from the people.
(The author is an actor at the Beijing People's Art Theater (北京人民艺术剧院), and this article was compiled and edited by Zhang Mingse (张明瑟), a reporter from this newspaper)
"As Long as We Are Not Killed, We Will Not Be Scattered"
Gao Mantang (高满堂)
Twenty years ago, I set foot on the land of Heilongjiang (黑龙江) and began the creative interview for *Crossing the Guandong*. In those years, I visited more than 30 veteran soldiers of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army and listened to them tell about their youth in the flames of war and their persistence in separation, because the real good stories are in people's memories and in the folds of fate.
It is difficult to write anti-Japanese war dramas, because it is difficult to find an angle and because the audience is aesthetically fatigued. Too many "miracle dramas" have entertained this painful history, and too many "routine" narratives have obscured the true brilliance of human nature. How to break through? My answer is: return to the person himself, return to the specific person's predicament, choice, and spiritual trajectory in the historical scene.
In *Returning to the Team*, I want to shape a group of characters who are looking for hope in despair. After the "Sanjiang (三江) Great Suppression" in 1938, the Anti-Japanese Allied Army was dispersed, and the soldiers were scattered everywhere, looking for life in adversity and looking for hope in despair. We must firmly grasp the ups and downs of thought in the process of searching. They have had hesitation, wandering, and even evasion. It is these real emotional choices that unfold this story about faith and redemption.
Lu Changshan (鲁长山), as the soul of this drama, is not a perfect hero, but a flesh-and-blood leader. He is an ordinary person who came from Crossing the Guandong (闯关东) and became the spiritual totem of the scattered soldiers. His image is established through repeated searches, repeated failures, and repeated restarts. He said: "As long as we are not killed, we will not be scattered!" This is not just a slogan, but a belief that an ordinary person practices with his life in an extreme environment.
This drama shapes a three-dimensional group of heroes. Hu Jun's (胡军) Lu Changshan (鲁长山) and Li Naiwen's (李乃文) Tang Deyuan (汤德远) complement each other. The two mature actors present distinct but equally complex roles with superb acting skills. In order to realistically reproduce the era of hunger and cold, Hu Jun (胡军) lost nearly 20 kilograms and led all the actors to maintain a state of hunger through dieting. This respect for art is moving. Young actresses such as Yuan Shanshan (袁姗姗) and Jiang Xin (蒋欣) broke through the stereotypes of genre dramas and shaped flesh-and-blood female images.
The joining of a group of actors from Northeast China (东北) adds to the regional characteristics. Ren Bin's (任彬) Gao Yunhu (高云虎) is full of masculinity and emotional delicacy, and Li Junxian's (李俊贤) "bandit" Xiaobaima (小白马) is chivalrous and tender. These characters present the unique humorous and optimistic humanistic color of Northeast China. While conveying lofty spiritual values, they also bring the emotions and human touch in the rolling red dust to the audience. It is also worth mentioning the full participation of veteran actors such as Lin Yongjian (林永健), Ni Dahong (倪大红), and Liu Peiqi (刘佩琦). Their gestures are full of drama.
*Returning to the Team* focuses more on the individual's spiritual predicament and spiritual growth in extreme environments in the narrative. Heroes are not born, but are tempered in difficult choices. Tang Deyuan's (汤德远) inner struggle and final return, Hua'er's (花儿) tragic choice before sinking into the river, and Gao Yunhu's (高云虎) transformation from confusion to firmness—these plots show not the traditional "heroic moment," but the most real brilliance of human nature.
History does not repeat itself, but human nature is always connected. This is the fundamental reason why anti-Japanese war dramas transcend time and space and move the audience. Through *Returning to the Team*, I hope the audience can feel that heroes are not born, but are people who still choose to stick to the light in the darkest moments. This choice has a shocking power in any era.
(The author is a first-class screenwriter)
When I Think of Them, My Heart Burns
Yang Yang (杨洋)
Boys always love to watch war movies and imitate heroes. I remember when I was a child, I loved watching *Railway Guerrilla*. At that time, I only felt that the guerrillas dared to fight the Japanese invaders to protect their fellow villagers. They were very cool and powerful. I secretly thought in my heart: I will also be a hero in the future.
After being admitted to the PLA Academy of Art (军艺), one day I accidentally saw *Bright Sword* on TV, and I became fascinated as I watched it. Facing the heavy encirclement of the Japanese invaders' elite troops, Li Yunlong (李云龙) quickly assessed the battlefield situation and decisively issued an order to break through from the front. He stood in the trench, holding a gun, without any fear. Although his face was blackened by gunpowder, his eyes were very bright. At that moment, I suddenly felt that the image of the revolutionary martyrs depicted in the textbook stood before my eyes.
There are also many unforgettable faces in the play. Wang Chengzhu (王承柱), the honest soldier who can be called a "sniper," had only two shells left, but he dared to brave the hail of bullets to attack the enemy headquarters. When he was unfortunately shot by a cold gun from the Japanese invaders, he still hugged the mortar tightly. The young soldier Huzi (虎子) broke through with a grenade in his arms. His left leg was wounded by a bullet, so he gritted his teeth and dragged his wounded leg to crawl towards the enemy's position, pulled off the fuse, and threw himself at the firing hole, perishing with the enemy with his flesh and blood. There was also the cavalry company of the Independent Regiment. They were the sharpest "sword." In order to cover the retreat of the main force, they were besieged in the mountain col. When the bullets ran out, they smashed their guns and drew their swords to charge—even if they died, they would die on the way to charge... It is precisely because of this successive "charge" that we have our current happy and stable life.
Later, I watched *Crossing the Guandong* and found that heroes are not only on the battlefield, but also in life. A large family left their hometown and went to Northeast China (东北). They encountered natural disasters and wars, starved, froze, and were bullied, but no one said "forget it." The Zhu family's (朱家) father and son's hard work in guarding the fields, the brothers' toughness in protecting their families, and the unwillingness to admit defeat when they put down their hoes and picked up their guns in the face of national crisis were really uplifting. I also remember when Wen's mother (文他娘) left home, she said: "People are not at home, and the door cannot be locked. If passers-by come to rest and avoid the wind and rain in the future, our house will not be deserted." No matter how tight their own lives are, they are unwilling to block the difficulties of others outside the door, thinking of leaving a place for passers-by to settle down. Defending the country is loyalty, protecting the family is courage, and helping others is kindness. These are all engraved in the bones of the Chinese people.
Later, a series of spy war dramas appeared, and I loved watching *The Cliff* the most. The people in the play were lurking on the battlefield where no smoke of gunpowder could be seen. Zhou Yi (周乙) and Gu Qiuyan (顾秋妍) walked on the tip of a knife, had to stare at their shadows when walking, and had to hide their tracks when acting. In the deepest night and the coldest wind in Harbin (哈尔滨), the light in their eyes never dimmed. Faith is pressed in the deepest part of the heart. The appearance looks calm, but the inside is hot-blooded. This is the real "lone brave," who has been silently guarding the country and the people.
Many years have passed, and when I think of these pictures again, my heart still burns, and the seed of "being like them" has already sprouted in my heart. Even if I leave the army, that energy on my body has not dissipated. Later, I was fortunate enough to participate in *Beginning of the Great Revival* and *Glory of Special Forces*, and the heroic spirit always inspired me.
I often think that we are willing to watch anti-Japanese war dramas, also to use those pictures and stories to raise the energy in our hearts, for the people we want to protect and the things we want to guard in our hearts. In the era of peace, we no longer have to go through fire and water like the martyrs of the past, but we can still rush forward like them. The smoke of gunpowder will dissipate, and the stories will grow old, but the heroic spirit has always been there, illuminating us and guiding us to continue to move forward.
(The author is a young actor)
Netizen Comments
Which Anti-Japanese War Drama Moved You?
601e3a: *My Chief and My Regiment* is a "masterpiece" of anti-Japanese war dramas, but it does not mythologize the characters. Instead, it uses cruel and realistic shots to show the tragic nature of the war and portray a group of ordinary people's persistence and struggle in the flames of war.
5tZjCT: As a post-90s, *Little Soldier Zhang Ga (小兵张嘎)* was the enlightenment of my patriotic feelings. The children who fought wits and courage with the invaders were all as vivid as the little friends in reality. They told me from a child's perspective: the War of Resistance is a life-and-death battle in which our entire nation rises up to fight.
rj0411: Among the many anti-Japanese war dramas, *On the Taihang Mountains (太行山上)* is like an annalistic documentary, full of epic texture. Numerous characters, complex stories, and elaborate makeup bring the audience to follow the leadership of the Party and the local soldiers and civilians to crush the invaders' wishful thinking in guerrilla warfare.
Yan Ruihua (颜瑞华): I choose "Snow Leopard." "Snow Leopard" is not only the code name of a team, but also symbolizes a fighting spirit that can maintain noble and unyielding integrity, bravery and agility, and tenacity in extremely harsh environments. From Zhou Weiguo (周卫国), I saw the light of humanity and justice, and I saw the amazing courage, wisdom, and spirit of sacrifice that the sons and daughters of China burst forth in times of national crisis.
Fei Bisi Yu Zhu (非必丝与竹): From the passion of "Bright Sword" to the perseverance of "Cliff," from the fearlessness of "Deep Dive" to the magnificence of "Our Rivers and Mountains," let us embark on the journey of "Eight Thousand Miles of Cloud and Moon"!
(Excerpted from People's Daily (人民日报) Client and People's Daily (人民日报) Weibo message area)
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