Summary: The CCP Central Committee's Fourth Plenum analyzed the international and domestic situations, proposing recommendations for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030), a crucial period for achieving socialist modernization. The meeting highlighted both strategic opportunities and increasing risks, including complex major power competition internationally. Domestically, it recognized China's economic strengths while acknowledging issues such as unbalanced development and insufficient demand. The plenum emphasized the need to enhance technological self-reliance, build a strong domestic market, and expand high-level opening-up. The committee also stressed the importance of safeguarding national security and promoting peaceful development across the Taiwan Strait.
Summary: President Xi Jinping and Finnish President Alexander Stubb exchanged congratulatory messages on the 75th anniversary of diplomatic relations between China and Finland. Xi noted the deepening cooperation in political, economic, and cultural fields over the past 75 years, highlighting Stubb's state visit to China last October where they outlined a blueprint for a future-oriented partnership. Xi expressed his willingness to work with Stubb to promote a more equitable and inclusive global order. Stubb emphasized the strong foundation of bilateral ties and expressed his anticipation to continue dialogue with Xi on bilateral and global issues, including China's role as a permanent member of the UN Security Council.
Summary: Entrusted by the Politburo, the speaker provided an explanation to the plenary session regarding the drafting of the "Proposals of the CPC Central Committee for Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development." Li Qiang, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, and Ding Xuexiang were noted as deputy leaders of the drafting group. The speaker highlighted the importance of the 15th Five-Year Plan in laying a solid foundation for achieving socialist modernization. The proposals emphasize high-quality development driven by technological innovation and the need to strengthen the domestic cycle while also expanding international cooperation. The speaker noted that the proposals also touched on promoting common prosperity and balancing development with security.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang attended the 28th China-ASEAN Leaders' Meeting in Kuala Lumpur, emphasizing the importance of unity and cooperation between China and ASEAN nations, while also referencing the historical alliance during World War II. Li called for strengthened strategic trust, deeper integration of interests through initiatives like the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 upgrade, and stronger emotional connections via cultural exchange programs. He also stated China will continue to support the peaceful resolution of disputes and the quick conclusion of the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea." ASEAN leaders expressed their desire to strengthen cooperation with China across various sectors, including trade, digital economy, and green development. Prior to the meeting, Li Qiang and Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar witnessed the signing of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 upgrade protocol.
Summary: The 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee concluded in Beijing, passing revisions to laws including the Maritime Law and Cybersecurity Law, and approving international agreements such as the Minamata Convention on Mercury. Zhang Shengmin was appointed Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission, replacing He Weidong. Personnel changes included the appointment of Hao Peng and Sun Shaochang as deputy directors of special committees of the National People's Congress. Zhao Leji presided over the closing meeting and a lecture on the spirit of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee was given by Han Wenxiu. There is no explicit mention of the United States.
Summary: The 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), at its fourth plenary session, analyzed the international and domestic situations and proposed recommendations for the 15th Five-Year Plan. The meeting emphasized the importance of high-quality development, scientific and technological self-reliance, and building a strong domestic market. It also stressed expanding high-level opening up and creating a win-win situation. The plenary session underscored the need to maintain stable relations between major countries and promote a fairer international order, while resolutely opposing hegemony and power politics.
Summary: The article emphasizes that common prosperity for all people is an essential characteristic of Chinese-style modernization, as reiterated by the 20th CPC Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session. It highlights achievements since the 18th Party Congress, including poverty alleviation and improved living standards, attributing these successes to the Party's people-centered approach. The piece underscores the need for sustained efforts in areas like employment, education, and healthcare to achieve common prosperity and reduce regional disparities. Rural revitalization is presented as key, citing examples of successful agricultural industries driving economic growth in rural areas. Ultimately, the article connects modernization with the comprehensive development and well-being of the people.
Summary: The article reports on reactions from officials and citizens across China to the recently concluded Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, which laid out the top-level design for the "15th Five-Year Plan" (2026-2030). Officials emphasized the importance of adhering to the Party's leadership, promoting high-quality development, strengthening technological self-reliance, and balancing development with security. The article cites examples from Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Qinghai, Chongqing, Zhejiang, Beijing, Guizhou, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Henan, Gansu, Anhui, Inner Mongolia, and Xinjiang. Many local leaders pledged to implement the Plenary's spirit in their respective areas, focusing on economic development, technological innovation, and improving people's livelihoods. The article made no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The CCP Central Committee's Fourth Plenum analyzed the international and domestic situation, offering proposals for the 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030). The plenum emphasized that the period is crucial for achieving socialist modernization and highlighted the complex international environment, including great power relations, which imply U.S.-China relations, as impacting domestic development. The plenum called for upholding the authority of the Party Central Committee and strengthening the socialist market economy to build a powerful domestic market. It seeks to expand high-level opening-up and advance the construction of the "Belt and Road Initiative" to achieve a win-win relationship. The plenum stressed safeguarding national security and building a higher-level Peaceful China.
Summary: Commissioned by the Politburo, an unnamed official delivered an explanation to the plenary session regarding the drafting of the "Suggestions of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development." Li Qiang, Wang Huning, Cai Qi, and Ding Xuexiang served as deputy heads of the drafting group. The drafting process involved extensive consultation, including soliciting opinions from various sectors and conducting research trips to multiple provinces. The "Suggestions" outline key objectives such as high-quality development, technological self-reliance, and strengthening the domestic economic cycle, while also addressing issues such as common prosperity and national security. The document stresses the importance of the Party's leadership in achieving these goals and expanding the opening up, but does not mention relations with the U.S.
Summary: On October 28, 2025, the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee passed a decision to amend the "Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People's Republic of China." The amendment was announced by President Xi Jinping and will take effect immediately. The Xinhua News Agency reported on the passage of the amendment. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang met with Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim in Kuala Lumpur, reaffirming China's prioritization of Malaysia in its neighborhood diplomacy. Li highlighted the consensus reached between Xi Jinping and Anwar in Beijing, focusing on deepening the China-Malaysia community with a shared future and aligning China's "15th Five-Year Plan" with Malaysia's 13th Malaysia Plan, particularly in digital economy, AI, and new energy. Anwar expressed Malaysia's commitment to deepening cooperation with China in various sectors and appreciates China's role in regional and international affairs. Both leaders pledged to strengthen multilateral coordination and promote regional peace and development, with Malaysia appreciating China's support for its ASEAN chairmanship.
Summary: Speaking in Kuala Lumpur, the official highlighted the 80th anniversary of the victory against fascism, emphasizing the mutual support between China and ASEAN countries during that era. They noted the progress in China-ASEAN cooperation, including the upgraded Free Trade Area agreement. The speaker warned against external interference and economic bullying, advocating for stronger unity to safeguard mutual interests. China aims to enhance strategic trust, deepen economic integration through the FTA, and strengthen people-to-people exchanges with ASEAN. The official expressed China's willingness to strengthen development strategy alignment with ASEAN and build a closer community with a shared future.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang returned to Beijing on October 28 after concluding his official visit to Singapore and attending the East Asia Cooperation Leaders' Meetings in Malaysia. He was seen off in Kuala Lumpur by Malaysian Transport Minister Loke Siew Fook, Chinese Ambassador to Malaysia Ouyang Yujing, and Chinese Ambassador to ASEAN Hou Yanqi.
Summary: Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee Zhao Leji presided over the closing meeting of the 18th session of the 14th NPC Standing Committee, during which 6 of 10 draft laws and decisions were adopted. These included revisions to the Maritime Law to facilitate high-level opening up, amendments to the Organic Law of Villagers Committees and Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees to improve grassroots governance, and changes to the Cybersecurity Law to increase penalties for violations. The meeting also decided to designate October 25 as Taiwan Retrocession Day, which it claimed reflects the will of all Chinese people and demonstrates a firm commitment to the One China principle and national sovereignty. Zhao emphasized studying the spirit of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session and applying Xi Jinping Thought to advance the work of the NPC.
Summary: Chairman Zhao Leji presided over the 55th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee, where revisions to draft laws including the Maritime Law, the Villagers Committee Organization Law, the Urban Residents Committee Organization Law, the Cybersecurity Law, and the Environmental Protection Tax Law were discussed. Liu Qi, Secretary-General of the NPC Standing Committee, reported on the review results of motions from five special committees. The meeting decided to submit these drafts for voting at the closing meeting of the 18th session of the 14th NPC Standing Committee. Vice Chairpersons Li Hongzhong, Wang Dongming, and others also attended the meeting. The article does not mention the United States.
Summary: Politburo member and Foreign Minister Wang Yi congratulated Toshimitsu Motegi on his reappointment as Japanese Foreign Minister, emphasizing China's commitment to a stable, mutually beneficial relationship based on the four political documents. Wang noted positive signals from the new Japanese cabinet and stressed the importance of properly handling historical and Taiwan issues to safeguard the political foundation of the relationship. Motegi affirmed Japan's commitment to constructive ties, stating that Japan has no intention of decoupling from China, and highlighted Prime Minister Kishida's emphasis on the Japan-China relationship. Both sides agreed to strengthen exchanges at all levels and manage differences constructively. No mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations were noted in the exchange.
Summary: Wang Yi met with Kazakhstan's new Foreign Minister Kosherbayev in Beijing, stating that under the guidance of Xi Jinping and Tokayev, the China-Kazakhstan comprehensive strategic partnership is entering a new phase of building a shared future. Wang expressed a commitment to enhancing bilateral relations, focusing on shared development and the well-being of both nations. Kosherbayev expressed Kazakhstan's desire to deepen practical cooperation with China and strengthen mutual support within the UN and SCO frameworks.
Summary: Li Ganjie, entrusted by the CCP Central Committee, briefed non-CCP figures on the spirit of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CCP Central Committee, emphasizing its importance in achieving socialist modernization. He called on the United Front to align with the CCP Central Committee and contribute to the "15th Five-Year Plan" (2026-2030), focusing on areas like technological self-reliance, private sector development and risk management. Li urged them to provide suggestions on building a modern industrial system, developing new quality productive forces and building a strong domestic market. Zheng Jianbang, Ding Zhongli, Cai Dafeng, and other leading figures from various democratic parties and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce attended the briefing. The briefing did not mention any aspect of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The newly appointed officials, including Zhang Shengmin as Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission, Hao Peng as Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (NPC) Financial and Economic Affairs Committee, Sun Shao Cheng as Deputy Director of the NPC Social Construction Committee, and Zhai Wei as Deputy Director of the NPC Standing Committee Budget Work Committee, underwent a constitutional oath ceremony. Li Hongzhong, Vice Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, presided over the event. The appointments were decided at the recently concluded 18th session of the 14th NPC Standing Committee. Officials from the NPC and the Central Military Commission General Office attended the ceremony. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The 14th NPC Standing Committee has approved amendments to the Environmental Protection Tax Law. The amendment introduces a pilot program for levying environmental protection taxes on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by certain enterprises, with implementation details to be formulated by the State Council and reported to the NPC Standing Committee. The State Council will determine the tax scope and amount based on the characteristics of VOCs and report to the NPC Standing Committee regarding the pilot program's progress within five years, also suggesting further legislative amendments. The decision came into effect on the date of promulgation, with the Environmental Protection Tax Law being revised and re-promulgated accordingly.
Summary: Vice Premier He Lifeng met with the International Advisory Committee of the National Financial Regulatory Administration, where he addressed the current state of China-U.S. economic and trade relations. He Lifeng stated China's commitment to expanding high-level opening up in the financial sector, aligning with the spirit of the 20th CPC Central Committee's Fourth Plenum and the "15th Five-Year Plan." He encouraged foreign financial institutions to invest in China. The committee members expressed optimism about China's economic and financial prospects.
Summary: Beijing and Shanghai are exploring the creation of community gardens in underutilized spaces to foster neighborhood connections. These gardens aim to improve the environment and provide services and facilities for residents, moving beyond simply expanding the size of cities. The key to successful development lies in balancing construction with management and incorporating resident participation in the planning and maintenance. Cities are encouraged to explore market-based operational mechanisms and customized plans to sustainably optimize public facilities and increase public satisfaction. This approach aligns with the central government's emphasis on high-quality urban development and activating existing resources.
Summary: A docent at the Memorial of the First National Congress of the CPC discusses the importance of conveying historical facts with "awe and respect" to visitors. The docent emphasizes tailoring the historical narrative to diverse audiences and engaging younger generations through relatable stories and interactive programs. The museum has seen a surge in visitors, particularly young people, and aims to inspire them by connecting historical ideals with contemporary relevance. The docent also notes that they seek to actively disseminate knowledge of the party's history and values in the wider community. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses improvements to rural water supply in China, highlighting examples in Hubei and Shandong provinces where water access and infrastructure have been upgraded. Nationally, over half of counties have unified management for rural water supply, with the government aiming for 96% rural tap water coverage by the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan. It emphasizes the need for sustainable solutions through effective planning, financial investment, and innovative management systems to ensure long-term, stable water access for rural residents. The article also highlights the use of both governmental and market mechanisms to ensure the continued supply and quality of water for rural populations. It does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article reports on the flourishing tourism sector in China as autumn scenery attracts visitors to various locations. Specifically, it mentions tourists visiting the Qinling Taiping National Forest Park in Xi'an, Shaanxi, the Tulou scenic area in Nanjing, Fujian, and the Xingkai Lake National Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang. These destinations offer experiences ranging from autumn foliage viewing to agricultural activities and birdwatching. The overall tone suggests a vibrant and active domestic tourism market during the autumn season. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article from *Jilin Daily* discusses urban governance through the lens of managing construction site barriers (围挡). It argues that improving the management of these barriers, which often obstruct public space and urban aesthetics, reflects a higher level of urban governance. The article emphasizes a systematic and precise approach, advocating for tailored solutions and discouraging a "one-size-fits-all" approach, suggesting the approach of "demolish, retreat, expose, use, and retain". The piece emphasizes that the ultimate goal is to utilize the freed-up space to improve citizens' lives by addressing shortages in public facilities and enhancing urban functionality. Successful management requires ongoing standardization, supervision, and intelligent management to prevent the recurrence of the issue.
Summary: This article discusses the rise of "fragrance" products (perfumes, aromatherapy, etc.) as a new consumer trend in China driven by demand for higher quality of life and emotional value. It notes the industry's potential but also points out issues such as product homogeneity, lack of cultural branding, and the need for better standards and regulation. The piece argues that long-term success depends on tailoring products to meet diverse needs and focusing on cultural and emotional resonance. The article also criticizes formulaic and superficial reporting by local officials, advocating for a more pragmatic and localized approach to problem-solving and development. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: This article commemorates the 120th anniversary of Luo Denxian's birth, highlighting his contributions as a leader in the labor movement, the anti-Japanese struggle in Northeast China, and the establishment of anti-Japanese armed forces. It details his early involvement in labor activism in Hong Kong, his role in the Guangzhou Uprising, and his leadership in the Manchuria Provincial Committee following the September 18th Incident. The article emphasizes Luo's commitment to Marxism, his leadership in restoring the labor movement, and his contributions to anti-Japanese efforts in Northeast China despite facing severe challenges. It also touches on the importance of resisting Japanese aggression. The article concludes by calling on Party members to emulate Luo's unwavering faith, pioneering spirit, selfless dedication, and courage to struggle, in order to advance the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation through Chinese-style modernization.
Summary: The article highlights efforts in Yan'an, Shaanxi province, to promote "civilized rural customs" (文明乡风) through three examples: preserving revolutionary history in Nanniwan, promoting ecological restoration in Wuqi County, and revitalizing traditional culture through waist drum performances in Anse. Nanniwan leverages its history of revolutionary production to promote tourism and agricultural modernization. Wuqi County's reforestation efforts have transformed the landscape and shifted villagers towards eco-friendly lifestyles, including tourism. Anse County uses the popular waist drum dance to promote community harmony and economic opportunity, showcasing local role models and fostering positive social values. The piece did not mention any US or US-China relations.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang attended the 28th China-ASEAN leaders' meeting in Kuala Lumpur, emphasizing the importance of unity and cooperation, referencing historical support during WWII and later economic crises. Li called for stronger strategic trust, deeper integration of interests through the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0, and closer people-to-people exchanges, proposing initiatives like a digital college and maritime cooperation center. ASEAN leaders affirmed the deepening relationship and expressed willingness to enhance cooperation across various sectors, striving for an early conclusion to the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea." Before the meeting, Li and Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar witnessed the signing of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 upgrade protocol.
Summary: National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) Vice Chairman Shen Yueyue attended a CPPCC "Member Science Lecture" in Beijing focused on gravitational waves. Academician Cai Ronggen delivered the lecture, covering the theoretical predictions, experimental detection, and scientific significance of gravitational waves. Approximately 700 attendees, including CPPCC members, researchers, and students, participated. The lecture series is framed as an effort to implement Xi Jinping's instructions on popularizing science and serving the people through CPPCC members' expertise. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Wang Dongfeng, Vice Chairman and Secretary-General of the CPPCC National Committee, addressed visiting scholars from 50 countries in Beijing. He introduced the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee. Wang also discussed the CPPCC's role in providing advice for the formulation of the "15th Five-Year Plan." The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Song Tao, Director of the Taiwan Affairs Office, met with Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) Deputy Chairman-elect Hsiao Hsu-tsen in Tianjin. Song reiterated the importance of the "One China Principle" and the "1992 Consensus," while opposing "Taiwan independence." He stated Xi Jinping's congratulatory message to the KMT chairwoman, Zheng Liwen, indicated the future direction of cross-strait relations. Hsiao stated that the Taiwanese people are tired of "resisting China to protect Taiwan," and want to see cross-strait cooperation. Both sides expressed hope for strengthened exchanges and cooperation between the two parties to promote cross-strait peace and stability.
Summary: The 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee concluded in Beijing, passing revisions to several laws including maritime law and cybersecurity law. Zhang Shengmin was appointed Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission, replacing He Weidong. The committee also approved agreements with Zimbabwe and Ethiopia on criminal justice assistance, and ratified the "Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction." Various personnel changes were also approved, including the appointment of Hao Peng and Sun Shaochang as vice chairmen to the NPC's financial and social committees, respectively. The closing meeting was presided over by Chairman Zhao Leji, and a lecture was given by Han Wenxiu on achieving decisive progress in socialist modernization.
Summary: The "2025 Xiong'an Brand Night" was held in Xiong'an New Area, Hebei, as a special event of the "2025 China Brand Forum." Officials from the Xiong'an New Area Reform and Development Bureau introduced the construction, development, and policy system of the area, including support policies for relocation, technological innovation, and specific industrial sectors. The event also released "Our Xiong'an," an AIGC city theme song created by People's Daily for Xiong'an New Area, representing China's first city theme song integrating AI technology and human-machine collaboration. The theme song was written by Xin Sheng and composed by Shu Nan, and features a blend of AI and real children's vocals. There was no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: In a written speech at the APEC CEO Summit in Lima, Peru on November 15, 2024, Xi Jinping emphasized the enduring power of economic globalization, driven by technological advancements. China, as part of the Asia-Pacific family, is deepening green innovation cooperation and promoting high-quality, resilient development in the region. China is actively promoting digital economy development, including initiatives for digital villages and cross-border data flow, and it is also supporting green development through projects like the Chirata floating solar power project in Indonesia and promoting new energy vehicle exports. China also proposed the "Global AI Governance Initiative", according to the article. Li Jiancong, a member of the Malaysian Parliament, noted that China has played an important role in APEC by actively responding to climate change, promoting the green economy agenda, and sharing relevant experiences and technologies through South-South cooperation.
Summary: According to the Chinese Ambassador to South Korea, Xi Jinping will visit South Korea from October 30 to November 1 at the invitation of South Korean President Lee Jae-myung to attend the 32nd APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in Gyeongju and conduct a state visit. The ambassador emphasized the importance of maintaining a strategic cooperative partnership, resisting "decoupling," and jointly safeguarding the stability of the global supply chain and free trade in the face of unilateralism and protectionism. The ambassador also noted that China and South Korea should respect each other’s core interests, and that the relationship should not be influenced or dictated by third parties. China is also reported to support South Korea in hosting the APEC meeting this year and expects South Korea to support China as the host in 2026.
Summary: The article announces the appointment of Zhang Shengmin as Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (CMC) of the People's Republic of China. Simultaneously, it reports the removal of He Weidong from his position as Vice Chairman of the CMC.
Summary: The National People's Congress Standing Committee has ratified the "Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction" (BBNJ Agreement), signed in New York in September 2023. China declared exceptions to the agreement's application, stating it only applies to activities involving marine genetic resources collected *after* the agreement's enactment for China. China further declared that the agreement applies only to the high seas and the Area, and should not harm sovereign rights or jurisdiction, including any related disputes. The agreement's implementation should also coordinate with other international legal instruments and frameworks. Finally, the agreement will not apply to Hong Kong and Macau until further notice.
Summary: The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress has revised the Organic Law of Villagers Committees and the Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees, set to take effect on January 1, 2026. Central government officials emphasized the importance of these revisions for strengthening the Party's leadership in grassroots governance and promoting socialist democracy. The revisions aim to enhance democratic elections, consultation, decision-making, management, and supervision at the village and community level. These changes also focus on reducing burdens on grassroots organizations and ensuring adequate resources for their operation. Officials stated the revisions were in accordance with Xi Jinping's thought on the rule of law.
Summary: The Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress has approved amendments to Annex A and Annex B of the Minamata Convention on Mercury, as adopted at the fifth Conference of the Parties in Geneva on November 3, 2023, per Decision 5/4. The decision formalizes China's commitment to the international treaty regarding mercury use. The approval demonstrates China's continued engagement with multilateral environmental agreements. No U.S. involvement or mention of U.S.-China relations is indicated in the text.
Summary: The Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress approved the treaty between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Zimbabwe on criminal justice assistance. The treaty was signed in Beijing on September 3, 2024, by representatives of both countries.
Summary: The National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee announced the validation of Weitao's qualification as a delegate to the 14th NPC. Simultaneously, it announced the removal of Xu Dazhe, He Qiongmei, Yang Sanke, Sun Bin, and Yuan Huazhi from their positions as NPC deputies, and accepted the resignations of Wang Xiqin and Wang Xinyu. Xu Dazhe and Wang Xiqin were also removed from their positions on the NPC Standing Committee and related committees. As of the announcement, the 14th NPC has 2904 delegates. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The 14th National People's Congress Standing Committee approved the "Treaty between the People's Republic of China and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia on Criminal Justice Assistance," signed in Beijing on September 5, 2024, by a representative of the People's Republic of China. The decision was made at the committee's 18th session. The article does not mention any U.S. involvement or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Li Ganjie, a member of the Politburo and head of the United Front Work Department, briefed non-CPC members on the spirit of the 20th Central Committee's Fourth Plenary Session. He stated that the session, which adopted recommendations for the 15th Five-Year Plan, was crucial for national rejuvenation. Li urged the United Front to align with the CPC Central Committee, contribute to socialist modernization through research and advice, particularly on technological self-reliance and private sector development. He also stressed the need to guard against potential risks to the smooth implementation of the Plan. Mentioned as attending the briefing were Zheng Jianbang, Ding Zhongli, Cai Dafeng, and other leading figures from various democratic parties and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce.
Summary: The National People's Congress (NPC) appointed Hao Peng as Deputy Director of the NPC's Financial and Economic Affairs Committee. Simultaneously, Sun Shaochang was appointed as Deputy Director of the NPC's Social Construction Committee. The article focuses solely on these personnel appointments within the NPC. No statements or accompanying officials are mentioned, nor is there any reference to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article announces the removal of five individuals from their positions as deputy chairs within various committees of the 14th National People's Congress (NPC). Xu Hui is removed from the Constitution and Law Committee, Zhang Xuan from the Supervision and Justice Committee, Li Jinghai from the Education, Science, Culture, and Public Health Committee, Hao Ping from the Foreign Affairs Committee, and Jing Hanchao from the Social Development Committee. The announcement provides no reason for these dismissals. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article details personnel changes within the Supreme People's Court of China. Wang Zhongming was appointed as Vice President, member of the Adjudication Committee, and Judge. He Xiaorong was removed from his positions as Vice President, member of the Adjudication Committee, and Presiding Judge of the Fourth Circuit Court. Wang Chuang was appointed as Presiding Judge and Judge of the Second Civil Division. Luo Dian and Zhang Jinzhu were relieved of their duties as Deputy Presiding Judge of the Supervision Division and Judge, respectively.
Summary: Liu Haixing, Minister of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee, met with a delegation led by Belarusian Presidential Administration First Deputy Head Pertsov in Beijing on October 28. The two sides exchanged in-depth views on implementing the important consensus reached by the two countries' heads of state. Discussions focused on strengthening inter-party exchanges and deepening the exchange of experience in governance. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article announces the removal of Zhang Jin from the position of Procurator-General of the People's Liberation Army Military Procuratorate. Sun Xiujun has been appointed as the new Procurator-General of the People's Liberation Army Military Procuratorate. The article does not discuss United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article emphasizes that common prosperity for all citizens is a defining characteristic of Chinese-style modernization, and it is the Party's fundamental goal to improve people's lives. It highlights the achievements made since the 18th Party Congress in poverty alleviation, economic development, and improved living standards. The article stresses the importance of balanced development, particularly between urban and rural areas, citing examples of successful rural revitalization initiatives. It calls for continued efforts to promote common prosperity through measures focused on employment, income, education, social security, housing, healthcare, and elderly care. Ultimately, the article views modernization as the modernization of people, aiming for their free and comprehensive development.
Summary: Xia Guang has been removed from his position as Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (NPC) Standing Committee's Budget Work Committee. Zhai Wei has been appointed as the new Deputy Director of the same committee. The announcement details personnel changes within a key organ of the NPC responsible for budgetary oversight. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article reports the appointment of Yang Jianbo and Yu Shuangbiao as procurators of the Supreme People's Procuratorate. It also announces the removal of Na Yanfang from her position as a procurator at the same institution. The article does not discuss statements or actions of officials, nor does it make any mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article describes the "Chongyang Xia Sha" tradition at Moutai, marking the beginning of its annual brewing cycle, which relies on favorable autumn weather and high-quality sorghum. The process involves a natural fermentation facilitated by the temperature and water conditions in the Chishui River valley. A forum was held in Moutai Town with global leaders to promote the sustainable development of the alcohol industry. Moutai aims to promote its brand globally.
Summary: The article emphasizes the importance of strengthening *rule of law regarding foreign affairs* (涉外法治) as a crucial component of China's legal system and its international engagement, highlighting Xi Jinping's directives on the matter. It argues that enhancing this area is essential for navigating international legal risks, countering trade hegemony (potentially alluding to the United States), and upholding China's interests through international legal frameworks. The piece advocates for a systematic approach to foreign-related legal strategies to promote high-level openness and contribute to global governance. It underlines the need to build a legal system and capabilities that align with high-quality development and opening up, and that the progress of rule of law regarding foreign affairs should keep pace with the expansion of opening up.
Summary: The article emphasizes Xi Jinping's call for officials, especially young cadres, to gain practical experience and develop skills through hands-on work in challenging environments. It notes that some young cadres possess strong theoretical knowledge but lack practical experience, leading to a "competency panic." The piece advocates for sending cadres to the front lines of reform, stability maintenance, and public service to foster their ability to handle complex issues, build strong ties with the masses, and transform theoretical knowledge into practical skills. It argues against promoting inaction, and promotes rewarding cadres who demonstrate a willingness to take on responsibility and achieve concrete results. There is no discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: According to the article, China sees artificial intelligence (AI) as a crucial strategic tool for winning global technological competition and promoting overall economic advancement. The piece emphasizes the importance of deeply implementing the "AI+" initiative to foster the development of a smart economy, leveraging data, algorithms, and computing power to reshape industries and global value chains. The author stresses the need to seize opportunities by focusing on technological breakthroughs, deepening the integration of AI across various sectors, improving governance systems, and promoting open collaboration to gather global innovation elements. These efforts are intended to boost China's manufacturing capabilities and economic efficiency and bridge the urban-rural divide. There is no mention of the United States.
Summary: The article discusses the concept of "cultural economics" (人文经济学) and how culture can be a new engine for economic development. It highlights the importance of integrating traditional Chinese culture with the socialist market economy to drive high-quality development. Examples include the Palace Museum leveraging digital technologies and cultural and creative products, Wuyishan promoting tea culture through tourism and technology, and Suzhou's "Super League" integrating sports and tourism. The article emphasizes that cultural development needs to be centered on the people and meet their growing spiritual needs. The article does not directly address the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to give you an accurate and concise five-sentence summary geared towards professional analysts of Chinese politics, focusing on key statements, accompanying officials, and any mentions of the U.S. or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Kangshifu (Master Kong) held an ESG-themed fashion show at Shanghai Fashion Week, showcasing clothing made from recycled packaging from its instant noodles, drinks, and tea products in collaboration with Donghua University and RICO LEE. The show, which achieved carbon neutrality, highlighted Kangshifu's commitment to sustainable development and the circular economy, transforming waste into fashion and promoting a low-carbon lifestyle. Kangshifu is contributing to the United Nations Global Compact organization and their "GDI for SDG" pilot program, and hopes to promote a "Chinese model" of sustainability to the world. Kangshifu aims to integrate economic benefits with ESG practices to create a truly sustainable business model. This event marks a step towards building a sustainable "food, clothing, housing, and transportation" ecosystem for the company.
Summary: The article highlights the significance of the Qujialing site in Hubei Province, a key location for understanding the origins of agricultural civilization in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, dating back 5900 to 4200 years. The site, now a national archaeological park, features evidence of early rice cultivation, advanced prehistoric architecture including the earliest known *sangdun*, and sophisticated water management systems. The park also showcases the remarkable painted pottery of the Qujialing culture, including thin-shelled painted pottery cups and early high-temperature black-glazed pottery. The site has hosted "Roots-Seeking Journey" summer camps, attracting young people of Chinese descent from seven countries, and has welcomed over 7,000 visitors from more than 20 countries and regions, becoming an important window for cultural exchange. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article from *People's Daily* discusses methods to slow down physical and sensory decline in the elderly. Wu Wen from Nanfang Medical University emphasizes the importance of lifestyle interventions like regular sleep, balanced diet, and exercise, including resistance and balance training, to mitigate limb aging. Yue Jirong from Sichuan University's West China Hospital suggests protecting senses through regular eye exams, avoiding noise, maintaining oral hygiene, and engaging in activities that promote blood circulation. The article stresses early intervention and regular check-ups for managing both physical and sensory decline, but does not mention any U.S. related topics.
Summary: The author, a relative of Zhang Xueliang and a member of the CPPCC National Committee, attended events in Beijing commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory against Japan, including a座谈会with other relatives of 抗战将领and a military parade. The author contrasts the commemorations in Beijing with the diminished and altered understanding of "光复" (Taiwan's retrocession) in Taiwan, which he attributes to "台独" forces. He calls for increased cross-strait cooperation in various fields and emphasizes the importance of cultural exchange to promote shared identity and work towards "peaceful reunification" under "one country, two systems." The author believes that this approach will allow Taiwan compatriots to truly feel the benefits of improved cross-strait relations.
Summary: According to the article, cadres and the public across China are studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee, focusing on the "15th Five-Year Plan" (2026-2030). Officials and experts emphasized the importance of upholding the "Two Establishments" and implementing the spirit of the meeting to advance Chinese-style modernization. Specific initiatives include promoting high-quality development, technological self-reliance, and cultural innovation. The article highlights the importance of balancing development and security, as well as strengthening Party governance to support economic and social goals. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: The article highlights Yan'an's efforts to promote "civilized rural customs" through three examples: preserving revolutionary history in Nanniwan, promoting ecological restoration in Wuqi County, and revitalizing traditional culture through An塞腰鼓 in Fengjiaying Village. Nanniwan leverages its revolutionary history to attract tourists and promote the "Nanniwan Spirit." Wuqi County's afforestation efforts transformed barren hills into lush landscapes, boosting tourism and improving livelihoods. Fengjiaying Village uses An塞腰鼓 to foster community spirit and generate income.
Summary: The article discusses the promotion of "civilized village customs" (文明乡风) in Yan'an through the cultivation of revolutionary history, local culture, and modern development. It emphasizes the integration of the "red gene" (红色基因) from the revolutionary past with traditional Yellow River culture and new technologies to modernize rural life. Examples include using technology in apple orchards and developing rural tourism. The piece stresses that rural revitalization requires both physical and spiritual transformation, aligning with Xi Jinping's vision. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Amendments to the Organic Law of Villagers Committees and the Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees were passed, emphasizing the strengthening of the Party's leadership in grassroots governance and promoting socialist core values. The revisions aim to improve democratic elections, consultation, decision-making, management, and supervision mechanisms at the grassroots level, ensuring residents' rights. These changes seek to reduce burdens on grassroots organizations and guarantee resources for their operations, focusing on services for the elderly, children, and those in need. The revised laws also aim to standardize property management services and promote community participation in social governance. No mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations was made.
Summary: Shanghai's Putuo District is deepening cooperation with eight cities along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) Industrial Innovation Belt, aiming to become a key node connecting Shanghai and Jiangsu. Putuo District Party Secretary Hu Guangjie emphasized integrating the district's development with the broader Yangtze River Delta integration and Shanghai's "Five Centers" initiative. The district is focusing on integrating innovation, industrial, talent, and service chains to boost regional high-quality development, including establishing funds and service teams to encourage innovation. This effort includes building platforms for cross-regional collaboration, such as the "Shanghai-Nanjing Technology Manager Alliance," to facilitate technology transfer and address enterprise needs along the innovation belt.
Summary: The Shanghai-Nanjing Industrial Innovation Belt, connecting economic hubs and high-tech enterprises, aims to become a globally competitive industrial cluster. Shanghai's Putuo district has signed cooperation agreements with eight cities to promote its development. The plan, outlined in the 14th Five-Year Plan, seeks to break down regional barriers and foster deeper integration within the Yangtze River Delta region. The initiative emphasizes cross-regional collaboration and the development of innovation platforms. The goal is to create a world-class industrial cluster with international influence.
Summary: Shanghai's Putuo District, in collaboration with Shanghai Railway Station and Shangtie Cultural Tourism Group, launched a series of tourism products in September called "Traveling along the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway from Shanghai West Station." The project features five themed routes highlighting cultural, historical, and natural attractions along the Shanghai-Nanjing railway line, aiming to promote regional tourism. The initiative is designed to integrate culture, tourism, commerce, sports, and exhibitions, creating a unique travel brand in the Yangtze River Delta. Zhou Hanyan, Party Secretary and Director of the Putuo District Culture and Tourism Bureau, stated that the project will continue to promote the high-quality development of cultural and tourism integration. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A delegation of Nantong cadres, including Miao Zhijun, Deputy Director of the Nantong Science and Technology Bureau, visited Putuo District to study and facilitate collaboration. During the visit, Miao identified a potential synergy between Shanghai Zikangjia Robotics' rehabilitation technology and Nantong's long-term care insurance services. This led to swift collaboration between Zikangjia, the Nantong Medical Insurance Bureau, and related industrial parks, leveraging Putuo's innovation ecosystem. The collaboration aims to connect Shanghai's R&D resources with Nantong's manufacturing capabilities, fostering regional innovation. Miao pledged to continue facilitating cross-regional cooperation and resource matching.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics. Once you provide the article, I will focus on key statements, official actions, accompanying figures, and any mentions of the United States or US-China relations.
Summary: Shandong Normal University (SDNU), founded in 1950, has developed into a comprehensive normal university, emphasizing talent cultivation and scientific research. SDNU focuses on teacher education, offering a comprehensive education system and cultivating talents in educational theory. The university promotes organized research, strengthens cooperation with enterprises and regions, and actively participates in cultural inheritance and innovation. SDNU has established partnerships with over 180 universities in 38 countries and regions, building a global cooperative network. SDNU aims to accelerate the construction of an internationally renowned first-class normal university.
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Summary: The 7th U.S.-China Sister Cities Conference was held in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, with the theme of "Closer Cooperation, Sustainable Future." Over 180 representatives from 28 U.S. states participated, including California's Michael McQuary, who emphasized the importance of Americans seeing the real China for themselves. Oregon State Senator Wagner, who visited multiple Chinese provinces, stated his state would continue to strengthen cooperation with China, while Maryland's Montgomery County Executive Marc Elrich, who led a delegation, focused on exploring opportunities in China's technological innovation and highlighted an economic agreement with sister city Xi'an. Several attendees expressed the importance of people-to-people exchanges in U.S.-China relations, particularly for younger generations to understand China's technological advancements. The conference included visits to Hangzhou's technology and cultural sites.
Summary: China and ASEAN signed the upgraded version 3.0 of their Free Trade Agreement in Kuala Lumpur on October 28, marking a new milestone in their open cooperation. This agreement aims to inject strong momentum into building an open world economy amidst rising unilateralism and protectionism. The upgraded FTA is intended to promote development in digital and green industries, strengthen standards, regulations, infrastructure and supply chain connectivity. China and ASEAN are each other's largest trading partners, with trade expected to reach nearly \$1 trillion in 2024 and bilateral investment exceeding \$450 billion by July of this year, demonstrating their commitment to multilateralism and free trade in response to global uncertainties.
Summary: The 8th China International Import Expo (CIIE) will be held in Shanghai from November 5-10, with participation from 155 countries, regions, and international organizations, and 4,108 overseas exhibitors. Vice Minister of Commerce Sheng Qiuping stated that China remains the world’s second-largest import market, with expected imports exceeding $15 trillion during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. This year's CIIE will showcase 461 new products, technologies, and services, with a focus on promoting practical cooperation, including increased participation from Belt and Road countries and the Global South. Shanghai authorities, represented by Shanghai Municipal Committee Standing Committee member and Secretary-General Hua Yuan, will implement measures to facilitate customs clearance and entry for exhibitors.
Summary: During the "14th Five-Year Plan," Qiannan Prefecture in Guizhou Province achieved significant economic and social development, laying a solid foundation for the "15th Five-Year Plan" by focusing on high-quality development. The digital economy has grown substantially, and the region's industrial structure is modernizing with strengths in modern chemicals and new energy battery materials. Qiannan is also focusing on ecological conservation, improving livelihoods, and strengthening social governance to become a model area in these areas. The area is working to attract investment from eastern China through regional collaboration. Qiannan aims to become a vital new growth pole for Guizhou's high-quality development.
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Summary: This article presents reports from various regions in China on implementing the spirit of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee, focusing on the 15th Five-Year Plan. In Beijing's Huairou Science City, Lan Xiongjing emphasized the importance of technological self-reliance to compete with international technology, and promoted innovation. In Shanghai's Songjiang district, Chen Chao discussed promoting coordinated regional development via the G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor. In Guangxi, Tao Yang spoke on the importance of reform and opening up for regional development in the context of US-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses the recently passed proposals for the 15th Five-Year Plan, emphasizing the courage, wisdom, and historical patience of the CCP leadership in addressing key challenges. It highlights the plan's focus on tackling technological bottlenecks, promoting green development, and improving people's livelihoods. The article underscores the importance of strategic thinking, a systematic approach, and long-term perspective in achieving high-quality self-reliance in science and technology and building a strong domestic market. It frames the plan as a relay race, requiring sustained effort and commitment to lay a solid foundation for socialist modernization, ultimately requiring that everyone act according to these principles. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: Sichuan is focused on promoting the deep integration of culture and tourism to strengthen the cultural tourism industry, aiming to make it a pillar, livelihood, and happiness industry. The province is implementing annual actions for the protection and inheritance of Ba-Shu culture, accelerating the construction of national heritage parks for grotto temples in Sichuan and Chongqing, and reforming the management system of world heritage sites. Sichuan is actively promoting the integration of transportation and tourism, accelerating the construction of four major transportation and tourism integration demonstration zones, and connecting key tourist attractions with roads. The province aims to build itself into a culturally strong province and a strong tourism province, and to develop itself into an important world tourism destination.
Summary: The article profiles Wang Jun, a dedicated but seemingly unremarkable protector of a vital marshland habitat called "Teacher Rabbit." Wang Jun has worked there for 36 years, and is responsible for all the protection tasks in the marshland, including preventing people and livestock from entering, rescuing wounded wild animals, and feeding animals in winter. Despite the harsh environment and the personal sacrifices it entails, Wang Jun has developed a deep connection with the local wildlife, and diligently photographs the animals to document their lives. The article further relates that Wang Jun's dedication has strained his family life, with his wife shouldering most of the family responsibilities due to his absence. Despite the hardships, he remains committed to his work and the unique ecosystem he safeguards, even turning down a transfer to a less demanding position.
Summary: The article discusses the challenges and societal attitudes towards the elderly in China, emphasizing the importance of understanding and respecting the aging process. It argues that a society's level of civilization can be judged by how it treats its elderly population, highlighting the need for patience and consideration in daily interactions. The author provides examples of societal shortcomings in accommodating the elderly, such as requiring a severely ill elderly person to be brought to a bank to verify their identity, and points out that the elderly were once vital contributors to society. It argues against ageism and calls for a "generational contract" to ensure equal rights and respect for the elderly. There is no mention of the U.S. or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: During a recent vacation, the author revisited the site of their first archaeological dig in the Qinba Mountains, 13 years prior, near Shiyan. The experience involved basic living conditions and hard labor. The author recounts learning excavation techniques with the help of older students. By the end of the dig, the author was responsible for 450 square meters of excavation. The journey ended with a bus ride through the Qinling Mountains.
Summary: This article discusses Wu Guanzhong's painting "Limitless Autumn," housed in the National Art Museum of China. The piece is a representative example of Wu's artistic style. The article likely analyzes the painting's themes and significance within the context of Chinese art history. Because the article focuses on artwork, it does not discuss political figures, the United States, or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The author treasures a collection of old letters, including letters from his father, who encouraged him to work hard and listen to his leaders during his military service in 1992. He also treasures letters from his comrades during his military service. One fellow soldier's determination in pursuing further education inspired the author to also complete his bachelor's degree. He also keeps love letters from his wife from when he was courting her.
Summary: This poem uses train tickets as a metaphor for the cyclical nature of life and the connection between urban and rural China. Each season is represented, highlighting themes of reunion, separation, labor, and harvest. The rapid pace of urban life, symbolized by high-speed trains, contrasts with the slower rhythm of rural life. The ticket represents the journey and the emotional ties to both the city and the homeland. The poem does not mention U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The author recounts their experiences with the Chongyang Festival, contrasting their childhood indifference with the vibrant celebrations witnessed in Jinan during their time at Shandong University in 1988 and later as a faculty member in 2024. In 1988, they visited the bustling Thousand Buddha Mountain festival, buying a discarded diary of a middle school student who had met Prince Sihanouk, and the author attempted to return the diary to its owner via an essay. Returning to the festival in 2024, the author was impressed by the expanded festivities, including local crafts, food vendors, and a Peking opera performance featuring stories of the past. The author enjoyed the chrysanthemums while reflecting on the spirit of the holiday.
Summary: This article is an invitation for readers to submit original, unpublished articles to the People's Daily email address provided. The submissions should not be simultaneously submitted elsewhere. There is no mention of specific political topics, officials, or U.S.-China relations.
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) deeply analyzed the international and domestic situation and put forward the following suggestions on formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" for national economic and social development.
I. The "15th Five-Year Plan" Period Is a Critical Period for Basically Realizing Socialist Modernization
(1) China's development has made significant achievements during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. The development process of China (中国) during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period was extremely unusual and extraordinary. Facing the complex and volatile international situation and the arduous and heavy domestic reform, development, and stability tasks, the CPC Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core united and led the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to meet challenges head-on and forge ahead, withstand the severe impact of the century-long pandemic, effectively respond to a series of major risks and challenges, and promote new major achievements in the cause of the Party and the country. The economy has been operating steadily and making progress, and high-quality development has been steadily promoted; fruitful results have been achieved in scientific and technological innovation, and new quality productive forces have been steadily developed; comprehensive deepening of reform has been further advanced, and high-level opening-up to the outside world has been continuously expanded; whole-process people's democracy has been deeply developed, and the rule of law has been effectively implemented in all respects; cultural undertakings and cultural industries have flourished, and spiritual and cultural products have been rich and colorful; people's livelihoods have been solidly guaranteed, and the achievements in poverty alleviation have been consolidated and expanded; the pace of green and low-carbon transformation has been accelerated, and the quality of the ecological environment has continued to improve; the national security capacity has been effectively enhanced, the effectiveness of social governance has been enhanced, and the overall social situation has remained stable; major progress has been made in the building of national defense and the armed forces; the practice of "one country, two systems" has been deeply advanced; major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics has been comprehensively expanded; comprehensive and strict Party governance has achieved remarkable results, the anti-corruption struggle has been advanced in depth, and the Party's creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness have been significantly improved. China's (中国) economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and comprehensive national strength have reached new levels, Chinese-style modernization has taken new solid steps, and a good start has been made in the new journey toward the second centenary goal. The fundamental reason for these major achievements lies in the leadership and command of the CPC Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and in the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想).
(2) The "15th Five-Year Plan" period has an important position of linking the past and the future in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization. Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of step-by-step progress and continuous development, which requires unremitting efforts and continuous struggle. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for laying a solid foundation and making comprehensive efforts to basically realize socialist modernization. It is necessary to consolidate and expand advantages, remove bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weaknesses, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and lay a more solid foundation for basically realizing socialist modernization.
(3) China's (中国) development environment will face profound and complex changes during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. Relations between major countries affect the international situation, and the evolution of the international situation profoundly affects domestic development. China's (中国) development is in a period where strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertain and unpredictable factors are increasing. From an international perspective, the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, the balance of international power is undergoing profound adjustments, and a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating breakthroughs. China (中国) has many favorable factors to actively manage international space and shape the external environment. At the same time, the world is intertwined with changes and chaos, and turbulence is intensifying, and geopolitical conflicts are prone to occur frequently; unilateralism and protectionism are rising, and hegemonism and power politics are increasing threats, and the international economic and trade order is facing severe challenges, and the momentum of world economic growth is insufficient; major-country games are becoming more complex and intense. From a domestic perspective, China's (中国) economic foundation is stable, its advantages are numerous, its resilience is strong, and its potential is great. The supporting conditions and basic trends of long-term improvement have not changed, and the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the advantages of a super-large-scale market, the advantages of a complete industrial system, and the advantages of abundant human resources are more prominent. At the same time, the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development is still prominent; there is insufficient effective demand, and there are blockages in the domestic circulation; the task of converting new and old driving forces is arduous; the modernization of agriculture and rural areas is relatively lagging behind; there is greater pressure on employment and residents' income growth, and there are shortcomings in people's livelihood security; changes in the population structure have posed new challenges to economic development and social governance; and there are still risks and hidden dangers in key areas.
Changes contain opportunities, and challenges inspire fighting spirit. The entire Party must deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," strengthen the "Four Consciousnesses," strengthen the "Four Confidences," and achieve the "Two Safeguards," maintain strategic focus, enhance the confidence to win, actively recognize changes, respond to changes, and seek changes, dare to struggle, be good at struggling, and dare to face the major tests of high winds and rough waves or even stormy seas, overcome difficulties, fight risks, and meet challenges with a historical initiative spirit, concentrate efforts on managing our own affairs well, continue to write new chapters in the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and strive to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
II. Guiding Principles and Main Goals of Economic and Social Development During the "15th Five-Year Plan" Period
(4) Guiding ideology for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. We must adhere to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought (毛泽东思想), Deng Xiaoping Theory (邓小平理论), the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development, fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想), thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的二十大) and the Plenary Sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee, focus on building a strong socialist modern country in all respects and achieving the second centenary goal, comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization, coordinate and promote the "Five-in-One" overall layout, coordinate and promote the "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout, coordinate the domestic and international situations, fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, adhere to taking economic construction as the center, taking the promotion of high-quality development as the theme, taking reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force, taking meeting the people's growing needs for a better life as the fundamental purpose, and taking comprehensive and strict Party governance as the fundamental guarantee, promote the effective improvement of economic quality and the reasonable growth of quantity, promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people to take solid steps, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization.
(5) The principles that must be followed for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
--Adhere to the Party's overall leadership. Resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee (党中央), improve the Party's ability to steer the course, plan the overall situation, formulate policies, and promote reform, and integrate the Party's leadership into all aspects and the entire process of economic and social development, providing a fundamental guarantee for China's (中国) socialist modernization.
--Adhere to putting the people first. Respect the people's principal position, rely closely on the people, safeguard the people's fundamental interests, promote social fairness and justice, pay attention to guaranteeing and improving people's livelihoods in development, expand development space in meeting people's livelihood needs, promote coordinated economic and social development, promote the mutual promotion of material and spiritual civilization, and enable the achievements of modernization to benefit all people more and more fairly.
--Adhere to high-quality development. Lead development with the new development concept, develop new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, strengthen the domestic circulation, smooth the domestic and international dual circulation, coordinate the expansion of domestic demand and the deepening of supply-side structural reform, accelerate the cultivation of new driving forces, promote the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure, optimize increments, revitalize stocks, and promote sustained and healthy economic development and comprehensive social progress.
--Adhere to comprehensively deepening reform. Focus on the institutional and mechanism barriers that restrict high-quality development, promote deep-level reform, expand high-level opening-up, promote the better adaptation of the relations of production and productive forces, the superstructure and the economic base, and national governance and social development, and continuously enhance development momentum and social vitality.
--Adhere to the combination of an effective market and a capable government. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, build a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, build a legal economy and a credit economy, create a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized, and form an economic order that is both "flexible" and "well-managed."
--Adhere to coordinating development and security. Consolidate security in development, seek development in security, strengthen bottom-line thinking, effectively prevent and resolve various risks, enhance economic and social resilience, and guarantee a new development pattern with a new security pattern.
(6) Main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
--Significant achievements have been made in high-quality development. Economic growth will be maintained within a reasonable range, total factor productivity will be steadily improved, the residents' consumption rate will be significantly increased, the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth will be continuously enhanced, the potential for economic growth will be fully released, the construction of a unified national market will be advanced in depth, the advantages of a super-large-scale market will continue to be demonstrated, major progress will be made in new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, and major breakthroughs will be made in developing new quality productive forces, building a new development pattern, and building a modern economic system.
--The level of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology has been greatly improved. The overall effectiveness of the national innovation system has been significantly improved, the integrated development pattern of education, science and technology, and talent has been basically formed, the ability of basic research and original innovation has been significantly enhanced, key core technologies in key areas have been rapidly broken through, the number of areas leading in parallel running has been significantly increased, the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation has been significantly enhanced, and the driving role of innovation has been significantly enhanced.
--New breakthroughs have been made in further comprehensively deepening reform. The modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity has been deeply advanced, the socialist market economic system has been further improved, the high-level opening-up system and mechanism have been further improved, the level of institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of whole-process people's democracy has been further improved, and the construction of a socialist rule of law country has reached a higher level.
--The level of social civilization has been significantly improved. Cultural confidence has become more firm, mainstream ideology and public opinion have been continuously consolidated and strengthened, socialist core values have been widely practiced, the cultural innovation and creativity of the entire nation have been continuously stimulated, the people's spiritual and cultural life has become richer, the cohesion of the Chinese nation and the influence of Chinese culture have been significantly enhanced, and the country's soft power has continued to increase.
--The quality of people's lives has been continuously improved. New progress has been made in high-quality and full employment, residents' income growth is synchronized with economic growth, labor remuneration is improved in sync with labor productivity, the distribution structure is optimized, the middle-income group continues to expand, the social security system is more optimized and sustainable, and the level of equalization of basic public services has been significantly improved.
--New major progress has been made in building a beautiful China. Green production and lifestyles have been basically formed, the carbon peak target has been achieved on schedule, a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy system has been initially built, the total emissions of major pollutants have continued to decrease, and the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems have continued to increase.
--The national security barrier has been further consolidated. The national security system and capacity have been further strengthened, risks in key areas have been effectively prevented and resolved, the level of social governance and public safety governance has been significantly improved, the centenary goal of the army has been achieved on schedule, and the construction of a higher level of safe China has been steadily advanced.
On this basis, after another five years of struggle, by 2035, China's (中国) economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength, comprehensive national strength, and international influence will have greatly increased, per capita GDP will reach the level of moderately developed countries, people's lives will be happier and better, and socialist modernization will be basically realized.
III. Build a Modern Industrial System and Consolidate and Strengthen the Foundation of the Real Economy
A modern industrial system is the material and technological foundation of Chinese-style modernization. We must adhere to focusing on the real economy in developing the economy, adhere to the direction of intelligence, greening, and integration, accelerate the building of a manufacturing powerhouse, a quality powerhouse, an aerospace powerhouse, a transportation powerhouse, and a network powerhouse, maintain a reasonable proportion of manufacturing, and build a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone.
(7) Optimize and upgrade traditional industries. Promote the quality upgrading of key industries, and consolidate and enhance the position and competitiveness of industries such as mining, metallurgy, chemical industry, light industry, textile, machinery, shipbuilding, and construction in the global industrial division of labor. Enhance the level of independent control of the industrial chain, strengthen industrial base reengineering and major technical equipment tackling, roll out the high-quality development action of the key industrial chain of manufacturing, and develop advanced manufacturing clusters. Promote technological transformation and upgrading, promote the digital and intelligent transformation of manufacturing, develop intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing, and service-oriented manufacturing, and accelerate the transformation of industrial models and enterprise organizational forms. Enhance the capacity of quality and technical infrastructure, strengthen standard leadership, enhance the level of internationalization, and strengthen brand building. Optimize the industrial layout and promote the orderly transfer of key industries within the country.
(8) Cultivate and strengthen emerging industries and future industries. Focus on building emerging pillar industries. Implement industrial innovation projects, promote the construction of innovation facilities, technology research and development, and product iteration and upgrading in an integrated manner, and accelerate the development of strategic emerging industry clusters such as new energy, new materials, aerospace, and low-altitude economy. Improve the industrial ecology, implement large-scale application demonstration actions for new technologies, new products, and new scenarios, and accelerate the scale development of emerging industries.
Proactively lay out future industries, explore diversified technology routes, typical application scenarios, feasible business models, and market supervision rules, and promote quantum technology, bio-manufacturing, hydrogen energy and nuclear fusion energy, brain-computer interfaces, embodied intelligence, and sixth-generation mobile communications to become new economic growth points. Innovate regulatory methods, develop venture capital, and establish a mechanism for increasing investment and sharing risks in future industries. Promote the specialized and innovative development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and cultivate unicorn companies.
(9) Promote the high-quality and efficient development of the service industry. Implement the service industry expansion and quality improvement action, expand the opening up of the service industry, deepen regulatory reform, improve the supporting policy system, expand high-quality business entities, promote the extension of producer services to specialization and the high end of the value chain by sector, and promote the high-quality, diversified, and convenient development of life services. Improve the level of integrated development of modern service industries and advanced manufacturing and modern agriculture, and promote the digital and intelligent transformation of service industries. Strengthen service standards and quality brand building. Improve the service industry statistical monitoring system.
(10) Build a modern infrastructure system. Strengthen the overall planning of infrastructure, optimize the layout structure, promote integration and integration, and enhance safety resilience and operational sustainability. Moderately advance the construction of new infrastructure, promote the construction and intensive and efficient utilization of information and communication networks, the national integrated computing power network, and major scientific and technological infrastructure, and promote the upgrading and digital and intelligent transformation of traditional infrastructure. Improve the modern comprehensive transportation system, strengthen cross-regional overall layout and cross-mode integrated connection, and strengthen coverage and access guarantees in weak areas. Improve a diversified and resilient international transportation channel system. Optimize the layout of energy backbone channels and accelerate the construction of new energy infrastructure. Accelerate the construction of a modern water network and enhance the capacity for flood and drought disaster prevention, unified allocation of water resources, and urban and rural water supply security. Promote the construction of urban public infrastructure for both peacetime and emergency use.
IV. Accelerate High-Level Self-Reliance and Self-Improvement in Science and Technology and Lead the Development of New Quality Productive Forces
Chinese-style modernization must rely on scientific and technological modernization for support. Seize the historical opportunities of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, coordinate the building of a strong country in education, a strong country in science and technology, and a strong country in talent, enhance the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system, comprehensively enhance independent innovation capabilities, seize the commanding heights of scientific and technological development, and continuously generate new quality productive forces.
(11) Strengthen original innovation and tackle key core technologies. Improve the new national system, take unconventional measures, and promote the decisive breakthrough of key core technologies in key areas such as integrated circuits, industrial machine tools, high-end instruments, basic software, advanced materials, and bio-manufacturing in the entire chain. Highlight national strategic needs and deploy and implement a number of national major science and technology tasks. Strengthen the strategic, forward-looking, and systematic layout of basic research, increase the proportion of investment in basic research, and increase long-term and stable support. Strengthen the original innovation orientation of scientific research and technological development, optimize the environment conducive to original and disruptive innovation, and produce more iconic original achievements.
(12) Promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. Coordinate the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces to enhance the ability to tackle key problems in a systematic way. Strengthen the independent guarantee of scientific and technological infrastructure conditions, and coordinate the construction of scientific and technological innovation platform bases. Improve the regional innovation system, deploy and build regional science and technology innovation centers and industrial science and technology innovation highlands, and strengthen the originating function of international science and technology innovation centers. Accelerate the efficient transformation and application of major scientific and technological achievements, deploy and build concept verification and pilot test verification platforms, increase the construction and opening up of application scenarios, and strengthen the protection and utilization of intellectual property rights. Create an open innovation ecosystem with global competitiveness. Support young scientific and technological talents in innovation and entrepreneurship. Strengthen the popularization of science and technology, cultivate an innovation culture, and promote the spirit of scientists. Strengthen the construction of science and technology rule of law, ethics, integrity, and security.
Strengthen the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, promote the concentration of innovation resources to enterprises, support enterprises to take the lead in forming innovation consortia and undertake more national scientific and technological research tasks, encourage enterprises to increase investment in basic research, and promote the deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain. Cultivate and strengthen leading technology enterprises, support the development of high-tech enterprises and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, and increase the proportion of additional deductions for enterprise R&D expenses. Increase government procurement of independent innovation products.
(13) Promote the development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner. Establish and improve a coordinated mechanism for integrated promotion, strengthen planning coherence, policy coordination, resource integration, and evaluation linkage, promote the benign interaction between independent scientific and technological innovation and independent talent cultivation, and build education centers, science centers, and talent centers with global influence. Coordinate talent cultivation around scientific and technological innovation, industrial development, and national strategic needs, optimize the layout of universities, promote reform by category, coordinate the setting of disciplines, deeply promote the construction of "double first-class" universities and national interdisciplinary subject centers, strengthen the functions of scientific research institutions, innovation platforms, enterprises, and science and technology programs in gathering and cultivating talents, and cultivate top-notch innovative talents. Accelerate the construction of national strategic talent strength, and cultivate more strategic scientists, leading science and technology talents, outstanding engineers, master craftsmen, and highly skilled talents. Strengthen talent cooperation, optimize the talent structure, and promote coordinated regional development of talents. Taking innovation ability, quality, effectiveness, and contribution as evaluation guidance, deepen the reform of project review, institutional evaluation, talent evaluation, and income distribution, smooth the channels for talent exchange between universities, scientific research institutes, and enterprises, and stimulate the power and vitality of innovation and creation. Deepen international exchanges and cooperation, establish a high-tech talent immigration system, and attract and cultivate outstanding talents from around the world.
(14) Deeply promote the construction of Digital China. Improve the basic system of data elements, build an open, shared, and secure national integrated data market, and deepen the development and utilization of data resources. Promote the deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy, and implement the innovation and development project of the industrial Internet. Accelerate the innovation of digital intelligence technologies such as artificial intelligence, break through basic theories and core technologies, and strengthen the efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data. Comprehensively implement the "Artificial Intelligence+" action, use artificial intelligence to lead the paradigm shift of scientific research, strengthen the combination of artificial intelligence with industrial development, cultural construction, people's livelihood security, and social governance, seize the commanding heights of artificial intelligence industrial applications, and comprehensively empower thousands of industries. Strengthen the governance of artificial intelligence, improve relevant laws and regulations, policies and systems, application norms, and ethical guidelines. Improve supervision and promote the innovation and healthy development of the platform economy.
V. Build a strong domestic market and accelerate the construction of a new development pattern
A strong domestic market is the strategic support for Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to expanding domestic demand as a strategic base point, adhere to the close combination of benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, lead new supply with new demand, create new demand with new supply, promote the virtuous interaction between consumption and investment, supply and demand, and enhance the endogenous power and reliability of the domestic cycle.
(15) Vigorously boost consumption. Deeply implement special actions to boost consumption. Coordinate efforts to promote employment, increase income, stabilize expectations, reasonably increase the proportion of public service expenditure in fiscal expenditure, and enhance residents' consumption capacity. Expand the supply of high-quality consumer goods and services. Expand service consumption with a focus on relaxing access and integrating business formats, strengthen brand leadership, standard upgrades, and new technology applications, promote the expansion and upgrading of commodity consumption, and create a number of new consumption scenarios with a wide driving range and high visibility. Cultivate international consumption center cities and expand inbound consumption. Increase the intensity of inclusive policies directly reaching consumers and increase government funds for people's livelihood security expenditures. Improve the system and mechanism for promoting consumption, clean up unreasonable restrictive measures on consumption such as automobiles and housing, establish and improve management methods adapted to new consumption formats, new models, and new scenarios, and implement paid staggered vacations. Strengthen consumer rights protection.
(16) Expand effective investment. Maintain reasonable investment growth and improve investment efficiency. Optimize the structure of government investment, increase the proportion of government investment in people's livelihood, and promote the implementation of major national strategies and key areas of security capacity projects with high quality. Adapt to changes in population structure and flow trends, improve the layout of infrastructure and public service facilities, and strengthen human resource development and investment in the comprehensive development of people. Coordinate the use of various types of government investment, and explore the preparation of full-caliber government investment plans in places with a good working foundation. Strengthen the whole-process management of government investment. Deepen the reform of the investment approval system and further clarify the direction and focus of central and local investment. Strengthen planning and demonstration, and implement a number of major landmark projects. Improve the long-term mechanism for private enterprises to participate in major project construction, give play to the guiding and driving role of government investment funds, stimulate the vitality of private investment, increase the proportion of private investment, and enhance the effective investment growth momentum dominated by the market.
(17) Resolutely remove the blockages hindering the construction of a unified national market. Unify the basic system rules of the market, improve the systems of property rights protection, market access, information disclosure, social credit, mergers and acquisitions, and market exit, eliminate barriers in terms of element acquisition, qualification recognition, bidding and tendering, and government procurement, standardize the economic promotion behavior of local governments, and eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation. Comprehensively rectify "involutionary" competition. Unify market supervision and law enforcement, strengthen quality supervision, improve the benchmark system for administrative discretion, strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition law enforcement and justice, and form a market order of high quality and high price and benign competition. Improve the integrated circulation rules and standards, connect market facilities with high standards, and reduce the logistics costs of the whole society. Improve the statistical, fiscal, tax, and assessment systems that are conducive to the construction of a unified market, and optimize the sharing of benefits between corporate headquarters and branches, production locations, and consumption locations.
VI. Accelerate the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system and enhance the driving force for high-quality development
A high-level socialist market economic system is an important guarantee for Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system, give better play to the leading role of economic system reform, improve the macroeconomic governance system, and ensure that high-quality development is stable and far-reaching.
(18) Fully stimulate the vitality of various business entities. Adhere to and implement the "two unwavering" principles, and promote the complementary advantages and common development of various ownership economies. Deepen the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, strengthen, optimize, and expand state-owned enterprises and state-owned capital, promote the optimization of the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, enhance the core functions of state-owned enterprises, and enhance core competitiveness. Implement the Private Economy Promotion Law, and guarantee equal use of production factors, fair participation in market competition, and effective protection of legitimate rights and interests from the legal and institutional level, and develop and strengthen the private economy. Support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and individual businesses, and promote the coordinated and integrated development of large, medium, and small enterprises. Strengthen the enforcement and judicial protection of property rights, and strengthen judicial supervision of compulsory measures such as sealing up, detention, and freezing. Improve the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, promote the spirit of entrepreneurs, and accelerate the construction of more world-class enterprises.
(19) Accelerate the improvement of the market-oriented allocation system and mechanism of factors. Promote the efficient allocation of various factor resources, and establish and improve a unified urban and rural construction land market, a fully functional capital market, a smooth labor market, and a highly efficient technology market. Prepare a macroeconomic balance sheet, comprehensively ascertain the number of existing resource assets, and optimize the asset-liability structure. Improve policies such as mergers and acquisitions, bankruptcy, and replacement, and revitalize inefficient land use, idle real estate, and existing infrastructure. Improve laws and regulations on the renewal of industrial and commercial land use rights, and steadily promote renewal work in accordance with the law. Promote the revitalization and sharing of existing state-owned assets of national administrative institutions. Promote the organic connection between judicial judgment enforcement and the bankruptcy system, and effectively revitalize seized and frozen property in accordance with the law.
(20) Enhance the effectiveness of macroeconomic governance. Strengthen the strategic guidance role of national development planning, strengthen the coordination of fiscal and monetary policies, give full play to the role of industrial, price, employment, consumption, investment, trade, regional, environmental protection, and regulatory policies, and promote the formation of more economic development models dominated by domestic demand, driven by consumption, and endogenous growth. Strengthen counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments, implement more proactive macroeconomic policies, and continue to stabilize growth, employment, and expectations. Enhance the consistency of macroeconomic policy orientation, strengthen the evaluation of policy implementation effects, improve the expectation management mechanism, and optimize the comprehensive performance evaluation of high-quality development.
Give play to the role of proactive fiscal policy and enhance fiscal sustainability. Strengthen scientific fiscal management, strengthen the overall planning of fiscal resources and budgets, and strengthen the financial guarantee for major national strategic tasks and basic people's livelihood. Deepen zero-based budgeting reform, unify budget allocation power, optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, and strengthen budget performance management. Improve the local tax and direct tax system, improve the tax policies for business income, capital income, and property income, standardize tax preferential policies, and maintain a reasonable level of macro tax burden. Appropriately strengthen the central government's authority and increase the proportion of central government fiscal expenditure. Increase local independent financial resources. Strengthen financial and accounting supervision. Accelerate the construction of a long-term government debt management mechanism adapted to high-quality development.
Accelerate the construction of a financial powerhouse. Improve the central bank system, build a scientific and sound monetary policy system and a comprehensive macro-prudential management system, and smooth the monetary policy transmission mechanism. Vigorously develop science and technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance. Improve the institutional inclusiveness and adaptability of the capital market, and improve the capital market functions that coordinate investment and financing. Actively develop direct financing such as equity and bonds, and steadily develop futures, derivatives, and asset securitization. Optimize the financial institution system, and promote various financial institutions to focus on their main business, improve governance, and develop in a differentiated manner. Build a safe and efficient financial infrastructure. Steadily develop the digital RMB. Accelerate the construction of the Shanghai International Financial Center (上海国际金融中心). Comprehensively strengthen financial supervision, strengthen central and local regulatory coordination, enrich risk disposal resources and means, build a risk prevention and resolution system, and ensure the sound operation of finance.
VII. Expand high-level opening up to the outside world and create a new situation of cooperation and win-win results
Adhering to opening up and cooperation and mutual benefit and win-win results is the inevitable requirement of Chinese-style modernization. Steadily expand institutional opening up, maintain the multilateral trading system, expand international circulation, promote reform and development through opening up, and share opportunities and common development with countries around the world.
(21) Actively expand independent opening up. Connect with international high-standard economic and trade rules, expand market access and opening fields with service industries as the focus, and expand unilateral opening fields and regions. Accelerate the process of regional and bilateral trade and investment agreements, and expand the network of high-standard free trade zones. Optimize the regional opening layout and create diverse forms of opening highlands. Implement the free trade pilot zone upgrade strategy and build the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港) with high standards. Coordinate the layout and construction of major open cooperation platforms such as scientific and technological innovation, service trade, and industrial development. Promote the internationalization of the RMB, enhance the level of capital account opening, and build an independent and controllable RMB cross-border payment system. Promote the reform of global economic and financial governance, and promote the construction and maintenance of a fair, just, open, inclusive, and mutually beneficial international economic order.
(22) Promote trade innovation and development. Promote the improvement of the quality and efficiency of foreign trade and accelerate the construction of a trade powerhouse. Promote market diversification and the integration of domestic and foreign trade, optimize and upgrade trade in goods, expand trade in intermediate goods and green trade, and promote the balanced development of imports and exports. Vigorously develop trade in services, encourage service exports, improve the negative list management system for cross-border trade in services, and improve the standardization level of trade in services. Innovate and develop digital trade, and orderly expand the opening of the digital field. Enhance the functions of trade promotion platforms and support the development of new business forms and models such as cross-border e-commerce. Improve the export control and security review mechanism.
(23) Expand the space for two-way investment cooperation. Shape new advantages in attracting foreign investment, implement "access and operation," reduce the negative list for foreign investment access, and promote the reinvestment of foreign investment in China. Improve the service guarantee system for foreign investment, fully implement national treatment, promote the efficient, convenient, and safe cross-border flow of data, and create a transparent, stable, and predictable institutional environment. Effectively implement the management of foreign investment, improve the overseas comprehensive service system, promote the integration of trade and investment, and guide the rational and orderly cross-border layout of the industrial chain and supply chain.
(24) Jointly build the "Belt and Road" with high quality. Strengthen the strategic alignment with co-construction countries and strengthen the overall planning and management of cooperation. Deepen infrastructure "hard connectivity," rules and standards "soft connectivity," and people-to-people "heart connectivity" with co-construction countries, improve the three-dimensional interconnection network layout, and coordinate the promotion of major landmark projects and "small and beautiful" livelihood projects. Improve the development level of China-Europe (Asia) freight trains. Accelerate the construction of the New Western Land-Sea Corridor (西部陆海新通道). Deepen pragmatic cooperation in trade, investment, industry, and culture, and expand new spaces for cooperation in green development, artificial intelligence, digital economy, health, tourism, agriculture, and other fields. Improve a diversified, sustainable, and risk-controllable investment and financing system. Strengthen overseas interest protection.
VIII. Accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and solidly promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside
The modernization of agriculture and rural areas is related to the overall situation and quality of Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to solving the "San Nong" (三农) issue as the top priority of the work of the whole party, promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas, continue to consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation, promote the basic conditions for modern life in rural areas, and accelerate the construction of a strong agricultural country.
(25) Improve the comprehensive production capacity and quality and efficiency of agriculture. Adhere to the simultaneous focus on output capacity, production ecology, increased production, and increased income, coordinate the development of scientific and technological agriculture, green agriculture, quality agriculture, and brand agriculture, and build agriculture into a modern large industry. Increase the implementation of a new round of action to increase grain production capacity by 100 billion jin, and enhance the supply guarantee capacity of grain and other important agricultural products. Strictly abide by the red line of cultivated land, strictly manage the balance of occupation and compensation, and coordinate the optimization of agricultural land layout. Promote the construction of high-standard farmland with high quality, strengthen the protection of black soil and the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land, and improve the quality of cultivated land. Deeply implement the seed industry revitalization action, promote the research and application of high-end intelligent and hilly and mountainous agricultural machinery and equipment, and promote the integrated efficiency of good fields, good seeds, good machines, and good methods. Adhere to the simultaneous development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, develop modern facility agriculture, and build a diversified food supply system. Develop the under-forest economy and strengthen the forestry and grassland industry. Stabilize land contract relations and steadily promote the pilot project of extending the second round of contracts for another 30 years after expiration. Develop moderate-scale agricultural operations, improve the development quality of new agricultural business entities, improve the convenient and efficient agricultural socialization service system, and promote the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development.
(26) Promote the construction of livable, workable, and beautiful villages. Learn from and apply the experience of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project ( “千万工程”经验), improve the implementation mechanism of rural construction according to local conditions, promote rural revitalization in a classified and orderly manner and in a regionalized manner, and gradually improve the completeness of rural infrastructure, the convenience of public services, and the comfort of the living environment. Coordinate and optimize the layout of villages and towns, and promote the integrated planning, construction, management, and maintenance of county infrastructure. Coordinate and promote county territorial space governance, steadily carry out comprehensive land consolidation in the whole region, continuously rectify and improve the rural living environment, solve problems such as rural toilet renovation and garbage surrounding villages with a **钉钉子精神** (dīng dīng zi jīng shén - "nailing spirit," perseverance; the spirit of driving nails one by one), accelerate the completion of the shortcomings of modern living conditions in rural areas, and create high-quality rural living space. Develop county economies with distinctive characteristics, develop multiple functions of agriculture, promote the deep integration of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, cultivate and strengthen rural characteristic industries, improve the mechanism for connecting farmers and benefiting farmers, and promote the stable income increase of farmers.
(27) Improve the effectiveness of policies that strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich farmers. Improve the multi-input pattern with financial priority guarantee, financial key tilt, and active social participation to ensure the continuous increase of investment in rural revitalization. Protect and mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for farming and grain cultivation, and strengthen policy support and coordination such as prices, subsidies, and insurance. Increase the interest compensation for major grain-producing areas, and implement inter-provincial horizontal interest compensation in producing and marketing areas. Strengthen grain purchase and sales and reserve management. Promote the diversification of agricultural product imports and promote the coordination of trade and production. Promote the two-way flow of urban and rural elements, and encourage all kinds of talents to go to the countryside to serve, start businesses, and find employment. Economically and intensively utilize rural collective commercial construction land, revitalize idle land and houses in accordance with the law, and classify and guarantee land for rural development. Support the development of a new type of rural collective economy.
Establish a normalized mechanism to prevent returning to poverty, adhere to precise assistance, improve bottom-line security, strengthen development-oriented assistance, enhance endogenous power, provide assistance to underdeveloped areas in different layers and categories, improve support policies for key assistance counties for rural revitalization, and ensure that no large-scale return to poverty occurs.
IX. Optimize the regional economic layout and promote coordinated regional development
Coordinated regional development is an inherent requirement of Chinese-style modernization. Give play to the superimposed effects of regional coordinated development strategies, major regional strategies, major function zone strategies, and new urbanization strategies, optimize the layout of major productive forces, give play to the role of growth poles in key regions, and build a regional economic layout and territorial space system with complementary advantages and high-quality development.
(28) Enhance the coordination of regional development. Solidly promote the formation of a new pattern of large-scale development in the western region, new breakthroughs in the comprehensive revitalization of the northeast, the accelerated rise of the central region, and the accelerated modernization of the eastern region, and promote the coordinated development of the east, middle, west, south, and north. Consolidate and enhance the role of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), the Yangtze River Delta (长三角), and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) as high-quality development power sources. Continue to promote the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Promote the construction of Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) as a modern city with high standards and high quality, and enhance the development level of the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-City Economic Circle (成渝地区双城经济圈). Encourage all regions to give play to their comparative advantages and strengths, support major economic provinces to take the lead, and take the lead in demonstrating the promotion of Chinese-style modernization. Increase differentiated policy support to promote the revitalization and development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, and border areas.
(29) Promote coordinated regional development. Promote the construction of large cross-regional and cross-basin channels and strengthen the interconnection of regional infrastructure. Strengthen the coordinated and linked development of key urban agglomerations and promote the efficient collaboration of regional innovation chains and industrial chains. Promote the accelerated development of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and cultivate and develop a number of regional central cities to better play the supporting and driving role of cross-regional connecting areas. Deepen cross-administrative region cooperation, improve mechanisms for regional planning coordination, industrial collaboration, and benefit sharing, and expand models such as the basin economy.
(30) Optimize the development pattern of territorial space. Strengthen the implementation of the major function zone strategy, maintain the overall stability of the pattern of urbanization areas, major agricultural product producing areas, and key ecological function areas, refine and clarify special function areas, and improve supporting policies and assessment and evaluation mechanisms. Promote the optimization of the layout of strategic industries and energy and resource bases. Improve the territorial space planning system, implement and optimize control lines for cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red lines, and urban development boundaries, and implement differentiated and refined land use control by zone and category. Give provincial governments greater autonomy in coordinating construction land, explore the implementation of a total construction land control model according to the planning period, and implement integrated land supply that combines stock and increment.
(31) Deepen people-oriented new urbanization. Scientifically and orderly promote the urbanization of agricultural transfer populations and implement a system of providing basic public services by registering household registration in the place of permanent residence. Promote the modernization of governance in megacities and megacities, accelerate the integration of urban agglomerations and the integration of metropolitan areas, optimize the urban scale structure, and promote the coordinated development and intensive and compact layout of large, medium, and small cities and towns. Promote the urbanization construction with county towns as an important carrier in categories, and improve industrial support capabilities and public service levels. Adhere to the connotative development of cities, vigorously implement urban renewal, and build modern people's cities that are innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and intelligent. Solidly promote the construction of border towns.
(32) Strengthen marine development, utilization, and protection. Adhere to the overall planning of land and sea, improve the ability to manage the sea, promote the high-quality development of the marine economy, and accelerate the construction of a maritime power. Strengthen marine science and technology innovation, consolidate and enhance the advantages of marine equipment manufacturing, strengthen marine emerging industries, and develop modern shipping service industries. Implement marine surveys and observation and monitoring, promote the development and utilization of marine energy resources and sea areas and islands, and strengthen the ecological environmental protection and restoration of key sea areas. Strengthen the support and guarantee system for deep-sea and polar expeditions. Firmly safeguard maritime rights and security and improve maritime law enforcement and maritime judicial capabilities.
X. Stimulate the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation and promote the prosperity and development of socialist culture
Cultural prosperity is an important symbol of Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, be rooted in the broad and profound Chinese civilization, conform to the development trend of information technology, develop a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics that has strong ideological leadership, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence, and solidly promote the construction of a strong cultural country.
(33) Promote and practice the core socialist values. Deepen the study and publicity and education of the Party's innovative theories, and unswervingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想) to strengthen the soul. Innovate the implementation of the Marxist theory research and construction project and accelerate the construction of an independent knowledge system of Chinese philosophy and social sciences. Lead cultural construction with core socialist values, give play to the role of culture in cultivating the mind and cultivating sentiments, and cultivate the nation's spirit of vigorous development. Promote the culture of integrity and the culture of integrity. Strengthen and improve ideological and political work, promote campus cultural construction, make good use of red resources, and strengthen the ideal and belief education of young people. Coordinate and promote the construction of urban and rural spiritual civilization and improve the people's civilization literacy and the level of social civilization. Strengthen the construction and management of network content. Improve the governance capacity in the cultural field under informatization conditions.
(34) Vigorously promote cultural undertakings. Create a good cultural ecology, enhance cultural original ability, and promote the creation of high-quality products in the fields of news and publishing, radio, film, and television, and literature and art. Cultivate and form a large-scale, structurally reasonable, and innovative high-level cultural talent team. Widely carry out mass cultural activities and prosper new mass literature and art under Internet conditions. Deepen the systematic transformation of mainstream media, promote the integrated management of news publicity and online public opinion, and improve the guiding ability of mainstream public opinion. In-depth implementation of the project of inheriting and developing outstanding traditional Chinese culture, promoting the systematic protection and unified supervision and inspection of cultural heritage, and strengthening the effective protection and living inheritance of historical and cultural cities, blocks, villages, and towns. Build and use national cultural parks well. Build a Chinese civilization logo system. Adhere to cultural benefits for the people and implement actions to improve the quality and efficiency of public cultural services. Promote the construction of a book-fragrant society. Coordinate and promote the development of mass sports and competitive sports and accelerate the construction of a strong sports country.
(35) Accelerate the development of the cultural industry. Improve the cultural management system and production and operation mechanism. Improve the cultural industry system and market system, cultivate outstanding cultural enterprises and brands, implement a major cultural industry project-driven strategy, and implement active cultural economic policies. Promote the integration of culture and technology, promote the digital empowerment and information transformation of cultural construction, and develop new cultural formats. Guide and regulate the healthy development of online literature, online games, and online audio-visual programs, and strengthen the network protection of minors. Promote the construction of a strong tourism country, enrich the supply of high-quality tourism products, and improve the quality of tourism services. Improve the convenience and internationalization of inbound tourism. Promote the deep integration of culture and tourism, vigorously develop the cultural tourism industry, and empower economic and social development with culture.
(36) Enhance the communication power and influence of Chinese civilization. Improve the international communication system and mechanism, innovate communication carriers and methods, strengthen the construction of key bases, enhance the international communication capacity of mainstream media, comprehensively enhance international discourse power, tell Chinese stories well, and show a credible, lovely, and respectable image of China. Strengthen regional and national studies and improve the effectiveness of international communication. Deepen exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, widely carry out international cultural exchanges and cooperation, and encourage more cultural enterprises and excellent cultural products to go to the world.
XI. Increase efforts to guarantee and improve people's livelihoods and solidly promote common prosperity for all
Realizing the people's yearning for a better life is the starting point and end result of Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to doing our best and acting according to our capabilities, strengthen inclusive, basic, and bottom-line livelihood construction, solve the urgent and difficult problems of the people, unblock social mobility channels, and improve the quality of people's lives.
(37) Promote high-quality and full employment. In-depth implementation of the employment-first strategy, improve the employment promotion mechanism, and build an employment-friendly development mode. Strengthen the coordination of industry and employment, actively cultivate new occupations and new positions, and support enterprises to stabilize and expand employment. Improve the matching mechanism of human resources supply and demand, improve the lifelong vocational skills training system, strengthen the guidance of employment and employment concepts, and focus on solving structural employment contradictions. Improve the employment support and public service system, stabilize and expand the employment of key groups such as college graduates, migrant workers, and veterans, and promote the healthy development of flexible employment and new employment forms. Increase support for entrepreneurship and enhance the effect of entrepreneurship driving employment. Improve the labor standard system and labor relations consultation and coordination mechanism, strengthen the protection of workers' rights and interests, and create a fair and orderly employment environment. Improve employment impact assessment and monitoring and early warning, and comprehensively respond to the impact of external environmental changes and new technology development on employment.
(38) Improve the income distribution system. Adhere to distribution according to work as the mainstay and coexistence of multiple distribution methods, increase the proportion of residents' income in national income distribution, and increase the proportion of labor remuneration in primary distribution. Improve the primary distribution mechanism in which various factors are evaluated by the market for their contribution and remuneration is determined according to their contribution, and promote more pay for more work, more pay for skilled workers, and more pay for innovators. Improve the wage determination, reasonable growth, and payment guarantee mechanism for workers, implement the wage collective negotiation system, improve the minimum wage standard adjustment mechanism, and strengthen macro guidance on enterprise wage distribution. Increase urban and rural residents' property income through multiple channels. Strengthen the redistribution adjustment of taxation, social security, and transfer payments. Promote and regulate the development of public welfare and charitable undertakings. Regulate the income distribution order and wealth accumulation mechanism, support hard work, innovation, and legal wealth, and encourage those who get rich first to help those who get rich later to promote common prosperity. Implement an income increase plan for urban and rural residents, effectively increase the income of low-income groups, steadily expand the size of the middle-income group, reasonably adjust excessive income, eliminate illegal income, and promote the formation of an olive-shaped distribution pattern.
(39) Run education that the people are satisfied with. Implement the new era of moral education project, promote the effective integration of ideological and political classrooms and social classrooms, strengthen sports, aesthetic, and labor education, and improve the education evaluation system. Improve the education resource allocation mechanism adapted to population changes and expand the supply of education resources in towns with net inflows of school-age population. Steadily expand the scope of free education and explore extending the length of compulsory education. Promote the expansion and quality improvement of basic education, coordinate the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education and the high-quality and inclusive development of preschool education, expand the operating resources of ordinary high schools, and run special education and specialized education well. Promote the quality improvement and expansion of higher education and expand the enrollment scale of high-quality undergraduate education. Improve the operating capacity of vocational schools and build distinctive high vocational colleges. Guide and regulate the development of private education. Expand high-level education opening to the outside world. Promote the spirit of educators, cultivate a high-level teaching staff, and strengthen the guarantee of teachers' treatment. Improve the collaborative education mechanism of schools, families, and society. In-depth implementation of the education digitalization strategy and optimize lifelong learning public services.
(40) Improve the social security system. Improve and implement the national unified system for basic old-age insurance, accelerate the development of a multi-level and multi-pillar old-age insurance system, improve the benefit determination and adjustment mechanism, and gradually increase the basic old-age pension for urban and rural residents. Improve the multi-level medical security system, promote provincial-level overall planning for basic medical insurance, and optimize drug centralized procurement, medical insurance payment, and surplus fund use policies. Expand the coverage of unemployment and work-related injury insurance and establish and improve the occupational injury security system. Improve the policy on the transfer and continuation of social security relations and increase the participation rate of flexible employees, migrant workers, and new employment forms. Improve the social insurance actuarial system, continue to transfer state-owned capital to enrich the social security fund, and improve the long-term fund-raising, overall adjustment, value preservation and appreciation, and safety supervision mechanism of the social security fund. Give play to the supplementary security role of various commercial insurance policies. Optimize the national unified social security public service platform and management and service. Improve the social assistance system. Improve the service guarantee system for groups such as empty-nest elderly, children in difficulty, and disabled people. Establish and improve the basic funeral service system. Adhere to the basic national policy of equality between men and women and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and children. Strengthen the service guarantee for veterans.
(41) Promote the high-quality development of the real estate industry. Accelerate the construction of a new model for real estate development and improve the basic systems for commercial housing development, financing, and sales. Optimize the supply of guaranteed housing to meet the basic housing needs of urban wage earners and various families in difficulty. Increase the supply of improved housing according to local conditions. Build safe, comfortable, green, and intelligent "good houses," implement housing quality improvement projects and property service quality improvement actions. Establish a full life cycle safety management system for houses.
(42) Accelerate the construction of a healthy China. Implement a health-first development strategy, improve the health promotion policy system, enhance the effectiveness of the patriotic health campaign, and improve the average life expectancy and people's health level. Strengthen public health capabilities, strengthen the construction of the disease control system, and prevent and control major infectious diseases. Improve the coordinated development and governance mechanism of medical care, medical insurance, and medicine, and promote hierarchical diagnosis and treatment. Deepen the reform of public hospitals' staffing, service prices, compensation system, and comprehensive supervision, guided by public welfare, and strengthen the operation guarantee of counties, districts, and primary medical institutions. Optimize the functional positioning and layout of medical institutions, implement medical and health strengthening projects, and promote the digital construction of national health. Strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases and develop a full-chain service of prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and management. Comprehensively improve emergency, blood security, and emergency response capabilities. Strengthen the capacity and work style construction of the medical and health team. Promote the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and promote the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Support the development of innovative drugs and medical devices. Strengthen mental health and mental health services.
(43) Promote high-quality population development. Improve the population service system covering the entire population and the entire life cycle. Advocate a positive view of marriage and childbearing, optimize fertility support policies and incentive measures, give play to the role of childcare subsidies and personal income tax deduction policies, and effectively reduce the cost of family childbearing, raising, and education. Improve the maternity insurance system, implement the maternity leave system, and implement early pregnancy care actions and capacity improvement plans for pregnancy and birth defect prevention and control. In-depth implementation of demonstration pilots for childcare service subsidies, development of inclusive childcare and integrated childcare services, and gradually improve relevant systems. Strengthen women's and children's health services. Actively respond to population aging and improve the policy mechanism for the coordinated development of the elderly care industry and industry. Optimize the supply of basic elderly care services, improve the urban and rural elderly care service network, and strengthen the aging-friendly and barrier-free transformation of public facilities. Develop medical care and medical care services. Promote long-term care insurance, improve the care system for disabled and demented elderly people, and expand the supply of rehabilitation care and hospice care services. Steadily implement a gradual delay in the statutory retirement age, optimize age restriction policies in employment, social security, and other aspects, actively develop elderly human resources, and develop the silver-haired economy.
(44) Steadily promote the equalization of basic public services. Establish evaluation standards for the equalization of basic public services, improve the scope and content of basic public services, formulate goals, paths, and measures to achieve the equalization of basic public services, promote more public services to sink to the grassroots level, cover rural areas, and tilt to remote areas and people in difficult circumstances, and improve the public resource allocation mechanism that matches the permanent population. Strengthen the overall planning of basic public service supply in counties and improve the long-term mechanism for investment guarantee. Comprehensively deepen the reform of public institutions.
(45) Continue to vigorously advance pollution prevention and control and ecosystem optimization. Adhere to environmental protection for the people, fully implement precise, scientific, and law-based pollution control, pay more attention to source governance, strengthen the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, the synergy of multi-pollutant control, and the synergy of regional governance, and resolutely fight the battles to protect blue skies, clear waters, and clean soil. Accelerate the implementation of the pollutant discharge permit system as the core of fixed pollution source supervision. Implement comprehensive solid waste management actions. Strengthen environmental risk prevention and control, and vigorously promote the governance of new pollutants. Improve ecological environment standards, monitoring, evaluation, and assessment systems.
Adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and coordinate the promotion of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems. Strictly adhere to the ecological protection red line, comprehensively promote the construction of a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body, and orderly establish new national parks. Strengthen biodiversity protection. Carry out effectiveness assessments of ecological protection and restoration. Scientifically carry out large-scale national land greening actions, and fight well the "Three-North" Shelterbelt Project (三北防护林工程) battle. Strengthen the construction of ecological barriers in areas such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). Improve the diversified ecological compensation mechanism, and expand channels for realizing the value of ecological products in accordance with local conditions. Strengthen the systematic management and ecological protection of important rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Effectively implement the ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River (长江).
(46) Accelerate the construction of a new energy system. Continuously increase the proportion of new energy supply, promote the safe, reliable, and orderly replacement of fossil energy, focus on building a new power system, and build a strong energy nation. Adhere to the simultaneous development of wind, solar, hydro, nuclear, and other energy sources, coordinate on-site consumption and external transmission, and promote the high-quality development of clean energy. Strengthen the clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy, and promote the upgrading and transformation of coal-fired power and the replacement of bulk coal. Comprehensively improve the level of mutual complementation and safety resilience of the power system, scientifically plan pumped storage, vigorously develop new energy storage, and accelerate the construction of smart grids and microgrids. Improve the level of electrification of terminal energy use, and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy consumption. Accelerate the improvement of market and price mechanisms adapted to the new energy system.
(47) Actively and prudently promote and achieve carbon peaking. Implement a dual control system for total carbon emissions and intensity. Deeply implement energy-saving and carbon-reducing renovations. Promote the peaking of coal and oil consumption. Improve the carbon emission statistical accounting system, and steadily implement policies and systems such as local carbon assessment, industry carbon control, enterprise carbon management, project carbon evaluation, and product carbon footprint. Develop distributed energy and build zero-carbon factories and parks. Expand the coverage of the national carbon emission trading market and accelerate the construction of a voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market. Establish and improve a green and low-carbon standard system, and promote the improvement, connection, and mutual recognition of leading international rules and standards. Improve the work system for adapting to climate change and enhance the ability to respond to climate change, especially extreme weather.
(48) Accelerate the formation of green production and lifestyles. Deeply promote ecological environment zoning control, strengthen the connection with national land space planning, and synergistically optimize industrial layout. Promote the green and low-carbon transformation of key areas such as industry, urban and rural construction, transportation, and energy. Improve the total resource management and comprehensive conservation system, improve the level of garbage classification and resource utilization, and promote the development of a circular economy. Continue to build national ecological civilization pilot zones, build pioneer zones for a beautiful China, and create highlands for green development. Implement fiscal, taxation, financial, investment, price, technological, and environmental protection policies to promote green and low-carbon development. Improve the green consumption incentive mechanism and promote green and low-carbon lifestyles.
(49) Improve the national security system. Consolidate the centralized, unified, efficient, and authoritative national security leadership system, accelerate the construction of a new security pattern, and enhance the strategic initiative to maintain and shape national security. Adhere to strategy as the guide, policy as the grasp, the rule of law as the guarantee, and risk prevention and control as the foothold, and improve the national security legal system, strategic system, policy system, and risk prevention and control system. Strengthen the coordination mechanism for key areas and important special projects of national security and improve emergency response effectiveness. Implement the national security responsibility system, promote the coordinated linkage of the entire chain and all elements, and form a system synergy. Improve the foreign-related national security mechanism, build an overseas security guarantee system, strengthen the struggle against sanctions, anti-interference, and anti-"long-arm jurisdiction," deepen international law enforcement and security cooperation, and promote the improvement of global security governance. Strengthen national security education and build a solid people's defense line.
(50) Strengthen the national security capacity building in key areas. Forge practical and effective national security capabilities, highlight the protection of major security issues related to the long-term stability of the country, the healthy and stable economy, and the people's peaceful and happy life, and put safeguarding political security in the first place. Consolidate the basic guarantees of national security, ensure the security of food, energy resources, important industrial chains and supply chains, and major infrastructure, strengthen the exploration, development, and storage of strategic mineral resources, improve the intensive and safe utilization of water resources, maintain the security of strategic channels, and promote the construction of national strategic hinterland and key industry backups. Strengthen national security capacity building in emerging fields such as network, data, artificial intelligence, biology, ecology, nuclear, space, deep sea, polar regions, and low altitude. Improve the ability to prevent and resolve risks in key areas, coordinate the orderly resolution of risks in real estate, local government debt, and small and medium-sized financial institutions, and strictly prevent systemic risks.
(51) Improve the level of public safety governance. Improve the public safety system and promote the transformation of the public safety governance model to prevention in advance. Strengthen the monitoring, forecasting, and early warning of meteorological, hydrological, and geological disasters, improve the ability to prevent and reduce disasters, provide disaster relief, and handle major public emergencies, and strengthen emergency command, production safety, and food and drug safety. Improve the intrinsic safety level of important infrastructure and effectively curb major and extraordinarily serious accidents. Deepen the overall prevention and control system and capacity building of social security, implement the responsibility for maintaining social stability, develop and strengthen the forces of mass prevention and mass governance, improve the normalized mechanism for combating organized crime and evil, and increase the prevention and crackdown on telecommunications network fraud, drug crimes, and other crimes. Promote the standardized construction of comprehensive management centers. Deepen the comprehensive governance of cyberspace security and strengthen the protection of personal information. Strengthen the prevention and governance of illegal and criminal activities by minors. Comprehensively and accurately implement the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity, punish illegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law, and improve the quality and effectiveness of criminal punishment execution.
(52) Improve the social governance system. Adhere to systematic governance, governance according to law, comprehensive governance, and source governance, improve the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, and promote the modernization of social governance. Improve the social work system and mechanism, and improve the social governance policy and legal and regulatory system. Strengthen the Party building of new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups. Strengthen the cultivation and management of social organizations, and promote the reform and development of industry associations and chambers of commerce. Strengthen Party building to lead grassroots governance and grassroots political power construction, fully implement the list of responsibilities of townships (streets), and improve the access system for village (community) work matters. Adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) of the new era, strengthen rural governance, and improve community governance. Give play to the main role of the people and guide all parties to participate in social governance in an orderly manner. Promote online and offline collaborative governance. Strengthen the allocation of grassroots service management forces and improve service facilities and funding guarantee mechanisms. Give play to the role of citizen conventions and village rules, strengthen family education and family style construction, promote changing customs and habits, and effectively manage bad habits in weddings and funerals.
Improve the working mechanism for uniting and serving the masses and consolidate the mass base of social governance. Strengthen ideological and political guidance, improve the service management of various social groups, improve the coordination of interest relations and the protection system of legitimate rights and interests, and care for and care for the poor and vulnerable groups. Improve the social psychological service system and crisis intervention mechanism. Strengthen the functions of public service platforms such as citizen hotlines and promote "the people have calls, and I have responses." Develop volunteer services and strengthen the management of volunteer service organizations. Promote the legalization of petition work. Deeply promote the source resolution, diversified resolution, and orderly resolution of contradictions and disputes. Strengthen the construction of the social worker team and improve the level of professional services.
(53) Accelerate the construction of advanced combat capabilities. Strengthen strategic deterrence and maintain global strategic balance and stability. Promote the scaled, combat-oriented, and systematic development of new-domain and new-quality combat forces, accelerate the construction of unmanned intelligent combat forces and counter-capabilities, and strengthen the upgrading and transformation of traditional combat forces. Coordinate the construction and application of network information systems, strengthen the development and utilization of data resources, and build an intelligent military system. Accelerate the construction of modern logistics. Implement major national defense development projects, step up national defense science and technology innovation and advanced technology transformation, and accelerate the development of advanced weapons and equipment. Optimize military human resource policies and systems, improve the level of running schools and educating people in military academies, and build a high-quality, professional, and new-type military talent team. Implement the modernization promotion project of military theory. Deepen strategic and operational planning, solidly promote combat-oriented military training, strengthen the integration of combat capability systems, innovate the construction and application model of combat capabilities, and enhance the pertinence, initiative, and shaping power of military struggle.
(54) Promote the modernization of military governance. Improve the leadership and management system and mechanism of the People's Army, and adjust and optimize the joint operations system. Strengthen and improve strategic management, deepen the overall planning of war construction and preparation, strengthen the traction of operational needs, innovate management methods and means, and improve the operational efficiency of the military system and the efficiency of national defense resource utilization. Strengthen major decision-making consultation and evaluation and supervision of major projects, promote the reform of military expenditure budget management, improve the military procurement system, improve the statistical evaluation system for military construction, comprehensively implement the policy of building the army with diligence and thrift, and take the road of high efficiency, low cost, and sustainable development. Continue to deepen political rectification, promote fine traditions, and strengthen rectification and governance in key industries and fields. Deeply promote the construction of the military rule of law, strengthen the supply and execution supervision of laws and regulations, and improve the military rule of law system with Chinese characteristics.
(55) Consolidate and improve the integrated national strategic system and capabilities. Deepen cross-military-local reforms and build a cross-military-local work pattern with clear division of responsibilities, close collaboration, and standardized order. Accelerate the construction of strategic capabilities in emerging fields and promote the efficient integration and two-way pull of new quality productive forces and new quality combat forces. Build an advanced national defense science and technology industry system, optimize the layout of the national defense science and technology industry, and promote the generalization of military-civilian standards. Strengthen the reporting of military needs for national defense construction and military-local connection, promote the comprehensive implementation of national defense requirements in major infrastructure, and strengthen national defense strategic prefabrication. Accelerate the construction of national defense mobilization capabilities, strengthen the construction of reserve forces, strengthen modern border, sea, and air defense construction, and promote the joint efforts of the Party, government, army, police, and people to strengthen the border and consolidate the defense. Deepen national defense education for all people and consolidate the unity between the government and the army and between the army and the people.
(56) Adhere to and strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. Improve the implementation mechanism of major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee to ensure smooth communication and effective implementation. Continue to unify thoughts, wills, and actions with the Party's innovative theories. Develop intra-Party democracy, improve and implement democratic centralism, and adhere to scientific, democratic, and law-based decision-making. Adhere to the correct employment orientation, adhere to putting political standards first, establish and practice the correct view of performance, improve the cadre assessment and evaluation mechanism, adjust cadres who are incompetent for their current positions, and promote the normalization of cadres being able to be promoted or demoted. Strengthen education, training, and practical exercises to improve the ability of cadres to build modernization. Combine strict management with love, and combine incentives with constraints to stimulate the internal motivation and overall vitality of the cadre team. Coordinate the construction of grassroots Party organizations in various fields, enhance the political and organizational functions of Party organizations, and give play to the exemplary role of Party members. Persevere in implementing the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定), resolutely curb all kinds of unhealthy tendencies, and promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction. Deeply carry out the work of rectifying formalism to reduce the burden on the grassroots. Improve the Party and state supervision system and strengthen the standardization and supervision of power allocation and operation. Maintain the sobriety and determination that anti-corruption is always on the road, promote the integrated advancement of "dare not to corrupt, cannot corrupt, and do not want to corrupt," and resolutely fight the tough battle, protracted battle, and overall battle against corruption. Create a political ecology of integrity and uprightness.
(57) Promote the construction of socialist democracy and the rule of law. Unswervingly follow the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the organic unity of Party leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, develop whole-process people's democracy, and improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. Adhere to, improve, and operate the people's congress system well, ensure that state organs exercise their powers and perform their duties in accordance with the law, and ensure that the people's democratic rights and legitimate rights and interests are maintained and realized. Adhere to and improve the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, give play to the role of the People's Political Consultative Conference as a specialized consultative body, strengthen the coordinated cooperation of various consultative channels, and promote the extensive, multi-layered, and institutionalized development of consultative democracy. Improve the grassroots democratic system and ensure that the people manage grassroots public affairs and public welfare undertakings in accordance with the law. Improve the working mechanism for absorbing public opinion and gathering public wisdom. Give better play to the role of trade unions, the Communist Youth League, the Women's Federation, and other mass organizations, and strengthen policy guarantees for the construction of the industrial workers' team, the development of youth, and the development of women and children's undertakings. Promote the comprehensive development of human rights. Improve the overall pattern of the united front, consolidate and develop the broadest patriotic united front. Forge a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation and promote the construction of the Chinese national community. Adhere to the direction of Sinicization of religion in China and strengthen the rule of law in the governance of religious affairs. Comprehensively implement the Party's overseas Chinese affairs policy and better gather the hearts and strength of overseas Chinese.
Adhere to comprehensively governing the country according to law, and synergistically promote scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding. Strengthen the implementation and supervision of the Constitution and laws, and improve the institutional mechanism for maintaining the unity of the national rule of law. Strengthen legislative planning and legislative review and improve the quality of legislation. Strengthen the construction of a government under the rule of law, fully implement the record review of administrative normative documents, and improve the mechanism for substantially resolving administrative disputes. Promote the construction of a digital platform for political and legal work and strengthen cross-departmental law enforcement and judicial coordination and supervision. Standardize the operation of judicial power, improve the realization and evaluation mechanism of judicial justice, and improve the fairness, stability, and authority of judicial judgments. Strengthen procuratorial supervision and strengthen public interest litigation. Protect personal rights, property rights, and personality rights in accordance with the law, improve the long-term mechanism for regulating law enforcement involving enterprises, and prevent and correct illegal extraterritorial law enforcement and profit-seeking law enforcement. Improve the national enforcement system and effectively solve the problem of "difficulty in enforcement." Accelerate the construction of a foreign-related legal system and capacity, and improve international commercial mediation, arbitration, litigation, and other mechanisms. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of leading cadres in handling affairs in accordance with the law, and improve the comprehensive legal evaluation working mechanism. Promote the construction of a society under the rule of law and create a good environment in which the whole society advocates the rule of law, abides by rules, respects contracts, and maintains fairness.
(58) Promote the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao. Unswervingly implement the principles of "One Country, Two Systems," "Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong," "Macao people administering Macao," and a high degree of autonomy, implement the principle of "patriots administering Hong Kong" (爱国者治港) and "patriots administering Macao" (爱国者治澳), enhance the effectiveness of governance in Hong Kong and Macao in accordance with the law, and promote the economic and social development of Hong Kong and Macao. Support Hong Kong and Macao in better integrating into and serving the overall national development, strengthen cooperation between Hong Kong and Macao and the mainland in economy, trade, science and technology, culture, and other fields, and improve policies and measures to facilitate the development and life of Hong Kong and Macao residents in the mainland. Give full play to the unique advantages and important roles of Hong Kong and Macao, which are backed by the motherland and connected to the world, consolidate and enhance Hong Kong's status as an international financial, shipping, and trade center, support Hong Kong in building an international innovation and technology center, continuously highlight Macao's role as "one center, one platform, and one base," promote the moderate diversification of Macao's economy, and support Hong Kong and Macao in building highlands for gathering international high-end talents.
(59) Promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations and advance the great cause of national reunification. Thoroughly implement the Party's overall strategy for resolving the Taiwan issue in the new era, resolutely combat "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, oppose external interference, safeguard peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait, and firmly grasp the initiative and dominance in cross-strait relations. Deepen cross-strait exchanges and cooperation, and jointly inherit and promote Chinese culture. Promote the construction of cross-strait integrated development demonstration zones with high quality, strengthen industrial cooperation, and promote cross-strait economic cooperation. Implement policies that allow Taiwan compatriots to enjoy the same treatment, create better conditions for Taiwan compatriots to study, work, and live in the mainland, and enhance the well-being of compatriots on both sides of the strait.
(60) Promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Advocate an equal and orderly world multi-polarization and inclusive economic globalization, expand the global partnership network, and promote the building of a new type of international relations. Deepen the integration of surrounding development, strengthen common security, consolidate strategic mutual trust, and build a community with a shared future in the neighborhood. Maintain the overall stability of major-country relations, deepen solidarity and cooperation with developing countries, implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative, and guide the international order to develop in a more just and reasonable direction. Support the Global South in uniting and strengthening itself, increase foreign aid, and provide more international public goods. Resolutely oppose hegemony, domineering behavior, and bullying, safeguard international fairness and justice, and safeguard the common interests of the people of all countries. Promote the common values of all mankind, promote the building of a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness and inclusiveness, and cleanliness and beauty, and make Chinese contributions to building a community with a shared future for mankind.
(61) Fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of the entire society to devote themselves to the construction of Chinese-style modernization. In accordance with the spirit of this plenary session, formulate the national and local "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" (十五五规划) outline and special plans, etc., to form a national planning system with accurate positioning, clear boundaries, complementary functions, and unified connection. Strengthen the monitoring, evaluation, and supervision of the implementation of the plan, improve the policy coordination and work collaboration mechanism, and ensure that the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee (党中央) are implemented. Implement the policy of respecting labor, respecting knowledge, respecting talent, and respecting creation, stimulate the vitality of the entire society to start businesses, innovate, and create, and form a vivid situation in which everyone gives full play to their talents, makes the best use of their talents, and everyone is of one mind and works hard.
The entire Party, the entire army, and the people of all ethnic groups across the country must unite more closely around the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) as the core, and jointly strive to basically realize socialist modernization, and continuously create a new situation in which Chinese-style modernization comprehensively promotes the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
(Xinhua News Agency (新华社), Beijing (北京), October 28)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 28th (October 28th) -- President Xi Jinping (习近平) and Finnish President Alexander Stubb (斯图布) exchanged congratulatory messages on October 28th, celebrating the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.
Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out that Finland is a beautiful "Land of a Thousand Lakes" and one of the first European countries to sign intergovernmental trade agreements with China. Over the 75 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Finland, bilateral relations have transcended social systems and ideologies, withstood the test of international vicissitudes, and cooperation in politics, economy, trade, culture, and other fields has continued to deepen. In October last year, President Stubb (斯图布) successfully paid a state visit to China, and we jointly drew a blueprint for the development of a new type of China-Finland partnership oriented towards the future. I attach great importance to the development of China-Finland relations and am willing to work with President Stubb (斯图布) to inherit and promote the friendly traditions of the two countries, lead China-Finland cooperation in various fields to create a new situation, and jointly promote an equal and orderly multipolar world and inclusive economic globalization.
Stubb (斯图布) said that the relations between Finland and China are close and have a solid foundation. Over the 75 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations, bilateral relations have developed steadily and cooperation has continued to expand. In October last year, I paid my first state visit to China, and the two sides issued the "Joint Work Plan on Promoting a New Type of China-Finland Partnership Oriented Towards the Future (2025-2029)." The international community trusts China's role as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council. I look forward to continuing dialogue with President Xi Jinping (习近平) on bilateral and global issues.
Return to TopBy: 习近平
Comrades:
Entrusted by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, I will explain to the plenary session the relevant circumstances of drafting the "Proposals of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" (hereinafter referred to as the "Proposals").
I. Drafting Process of the "Proposals"
Formulating medium- and long-term plans to guide economic and social development is an important way for our Party to govern the country. The "14th Five-Year Plan" will be completed this year, and it is necessary to study and formulate the "15th Five-Year Plan." Studying and formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" well is of great significance for promoting the sustained and healthy development of China's economy and society, and laying a more solid foundation for achieving socialist modernization as scheduled.
In January of this year, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee decided that the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party would review the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposals, and established a drafting group, with me as the leader, and Comrades Li Qiang (李强), Wang Huning (王沪宁), Cai Qi (蔡奇), and Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) as deputy leaders. Responsible comrades from relevant departments and localities participated, and under the leadership of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, they undertook the drafting of the "Proposals." On February 11, the drafting group held its first plenary meeting, and the drafting of the "Proposals" officially started.
The Party Central Committee adhered to promoting democracy and pooling wisdom throughout the entire process of drafting the document, conducting in-depth investigations and research, and widely soliciting opinions from all parties. On January 22, the Party Central Committee issued the "Notice on Soliciting Opinions on the '15th Five-Year Plan' Proposals to be Studied by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party," soliciting opinions from within and outside the Party within a certain scope. In late February, the Party Central Committee organized 6 research groups to conduct special investigations in 12 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. At the same time, the Party Central Committee deployed some central and state organs to conduct 35 key research topics. On April 30, I presided over a symposium on economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in some provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in Shanghai (上海). Afterwards, Comrade Li Qiang (李强) was entrusted to convene three symposiums for the economic sector, the science and technology sector, and grassroots representatives. We also carried out online solicitation of opinions, receiving more than 3 million messages, from which relevant parties compiled more than 1,500 suggestions. All parties generally believe that the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party focusing on studying the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposals is of great significance for better leveraging the strategic guidance role of the national development plan, further uniting the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to forge ahead with vigor, and comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the nation with Chinese-style modernization. Comprehensive judgment indicates that China's development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period faces both strategic opportunities and risks and challenges, and there are increasing uncertain and unpredictable factors, but the supporting conditions and basic trends for the long-term positive development of China's economy and society have not changed. All parties generally hope to clarify the overall thinking, important principles, main goals, strategic tasks, and major measures for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, promote high-quality development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and lay a more solid foundation for basically achieving socialist modernization.
On August 4, the draft "Proposals" was distributed within the Party for soliciting opinions, including soliciting opinions from some veteran comrades within the Party, and also specifically listened to the opinions of the heads of various democratic parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and representatives of non-party individuals. From the perspective of soliciting opinions, all regions and departments fully affirmed the draft "Proposals." Everyone unanimously believes that the draft "Proposals" accurately grasps the historical position of the development of the Party and the country during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, deeply analyzes the profound and complex changes facing China's development environment, makes top-level design and strategic planning for development in the next 5 years, the guiding principles are scientific and accurate, the main goals are clear and definite, and the tasks and measures are realistic and pragmatic. It is another general mobilization and general deployment to take advantage of the situation and continue to promote the construction of Chinese-style modernization, reflecting the historical initiative to continue writing new chapters in the two major miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and strive to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization, which will inevitably have a significant and far-reaching impact on the development of the Party and the country. At the same time, all parties put forward many good opinions and suggestions. The drafting group analyzed them one by one, and absorbed as much as possible. A total of 218 additions, revisions, and simplifications were made to the draft "Proposals," covering 452 opinions and suggestions from all aspects.
During the drafting of the "Proposals," the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held 3 meetings, and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held 2 meetings to review and revise the draft, forming the draft "Proposals" submitted to this plenary session for deliberation.
It can be said that this drafting work is another vivid practice of promoting intra-party democracy and whole-process people's democracy.
II. Main Considerations for Drafting the "Proposals" and the Basic Content of the "Proposals"
The overall consideration for drafting the "Proposals" is to accurately grasp the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization, in accordance with the "two-step" strategic arrangement made by the 20th National Congress of the Party for comprehensively building a strong socialist modern country, deeply analyze the domestic and international situation, and make systematic plans and strategic deployments for China's economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
In the process of drafting the "Proposals," we paid attention to grasping the following points. First, we adhered to the goal orientation and problem orientation, based on the basic positioning of consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts, and made systematic plans with the focus on laying a more solid foundation for the goal of basically realizing socialist modernization, and focused on addressing shortcomings and strengthening weaknesses with the focus on effectively and orderly responding to the new situation of the world's century-old changes and outstanding problems in development. Second, we adhered to systematic thinking, and comprehensively deployed economic and social development and Party building in all aspects in accordance with the requirements of comprehensively promoting the "five-sphere integrated plan" and coordinating the promotion of the "four-pronged comprehensive strategy." Third, we adhered to further comprehensively deepening reform, focusing on using reform methods to solve development problems, and increasing momentum and vitality for development. Fourth, we adhered to expanding opening up to the outside world, both putting development on the basis of our own strength and coordinating the use of global factors and market resources.
The "Proposals" consists of 15 parts, divided into three major sections. The first section includes the first and second parts, which are the general outline, mainly elaborating on the major achievements of China's development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization, the profound and complex changes facing China's development environment during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the guiding ideology, principles, and main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and other content. The second section includes the third to fourteenth parts, which are the sub-topics, mainly focusing on key issues related to the overall situation and long-term development, deploying the strategic tasks and major measures for the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in various fields, and clarifying the ideas and key work in key areas from industrial development, technological innovation, domestic market, economic system, opening up to the outside world, rural revitalization, and regional development, to cultural construction, people's livelihood security, green development, safe development, and national defense construction. The third section includes the fifteenth part and the concluding remarks, mainly deploying tasks such as adhering to and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, promoting socialist democracy and the rule of law, work on Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of the entire society.
III. Several Key Issues That Need to Be Explained
The "Proposals" puts forward some important viewpoints and major measures. Here, I will briefly explain several key issues.
First, regarding the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of step-by-step progress and continuous development, which requires unremitting efforts and continuous struggle. The "Proposals" proposes that the "15th Five-Year Plan" period has an important position of linking the past and opening up the future in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization, which is a judgment made based on the historical tasks that the "15th Five-Year Plan" period should undertake. The 20th National Congress of the Party determined that socialist modernization will be basically realized by 2035. The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the first five years, and a solid foundation has been laid and a good start has been achieved. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts. Formulating and implementing the "15th Five-Year Plan" well will lay a more solid foundation for basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035.
The "Proposals" plans the development of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period from this basic positioning, which not only maintains the continuity with the concepts and ideas put forward in the "14th Five-Year Plan," but also accurately grasps the general trend of China's development in the next 5 years, and puts forward overall ideas, major principles, main goals, and strategic tasks that are in line with reality and have foresight. It is necessary to seize this window of opportunity, consolidate and expand advantages, break through bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weaknesses and shortcomings, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization.
Second, regarding the goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. Scientifically setting development goals is crucial for formulating and implementing the five-year plan well. The "Proposals" grasps the basic positioning and phased requirements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and clarifies the main goals of economic and social development. An important symbolic indicator of basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035 is that the per capita gross domestic product reaches the level of moderately developed countries, which requires economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period to maintain an appropriate speed. Based on in-depth research and scientific argumentation, the "Proposals" proposes important goals such as maintaining economic growth within a reasonable range, steadily improving total factor productivity, fully releasing the potential for economic growth, synchronizing the growth of residents' income with economic growth, synchronizing the increase in labor remuneration with the increase in labor productivity, and continuously expanding the middle-income group. At the same time, in light of the prominent problems such as the increasing downward pressure on the domestic economy and insufficient effective demand at the present stage, the "Proposals" proposes goals such as significantly increasing the residents' consumption rate and continuously enhancing the role of domestic demand as the main driving force for economic growth.
Referring to past practices, the "Proposals" proposes that the goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period are mainly qualitative requirements, and the necessary quantitative requirements and some specific work deployments will be left to be studied and determined when formulating the "Outline" of the plan, so as to better reflect and play the macro-guiding role of the "Proposals."
Third, regarding taking promoting high-quality development as the theme. The "Proposals" is in line with the "14th Five-Year Plan," and continues to define promoting high-quality development as the theme of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, requiring adherence to taking economic construction as the center, fully and accurately implementing the new development concept, achieving effective improvement in quality and reasonable growth in quantity, and promoting sustained and healthy economic development and comprehensive social progress. To promote high-quality development, the most important thing is to accelerate high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement, actively develop new quality productive forces, and achieve substantial and breakthrough progress in promoting technological innovation, accelerating the cultivation of new driving forces, and promoting the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure.
The "Proposals" highlights the leading role of technological innovation, and makes deployments in building a modern industrial system, accelerating high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement, and accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, proposing to optimize and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and strengthen emerging industries and future industries, and consolidate and strengthen the foundation of the real economy; proposing to strengthen original innovation and key core technology research, promote the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, promote the development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner, and deepen the construction of digital China; proposing to accelerate the construction of a new energy system and accelerate the formation of green production and lifestyle. It should be noted that the development of new quality productive forces requires certain endowments and conditions, and the feasibility of reality should be fully considered. The "Proposals" emphasizes developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, which is to guide everyone to carry out work scientifically, rationally, and realistically, and prevent rushing into action.
Fourth, regarding strengthening the domestic cycle and unblocking the domestic and international dual cycles. The more severe and complex the external environment, the more necessary it is to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and firmly grasp the initiative of development. At present and for a period of time to come, it is necessary to adhere to strengthening the domestic cycle, accelerate the formation of a strong domestic economic cycle system, and hedge the uncertainty of the international cycle with the stability of the domestic cycle.
The "Proposals" highlights strengthening the domestic cycle, and makes deployments for building a strong domestic market and accelerating the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system, emphasizing adhering to expanding domestic demand as a strategic base point, adhering to closely combining benefiting the people and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, vigorously boosting consumption, expanding effective investment, resolutely breaking down the blockages that hinder the construction of a unified national market, emphasizing fully stimulating the vitality of various business entities, accelerating the improvement of the system and mechanism for market-oriented allocation of factors, and improving the effectiveness of macroeconomic governance. At the same time, it proposes to expand the international cycle, steadily expand institutional opening up, maintain the multilateral trading system, and jointly build the "Belt and Road" with high quality.
Fifth, regarding making solid strides towards common prosperity for all the people. Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of common prosperity for all the people. Since the 18th National Congress of the Party, we have adhered to our original aspiration, considered issues from the standpoint of the people, promoted coordinated regional development, taken effective measures to guarantee and improve people's livelihood, won the battle against poverty, and comprehensively built a moderately prosperous society in all respects, creating good conditions for promoting common prosperity. The "Proposals" highlights making solid strides towards common prosperity for all the people in the guiding ideology, which is an overall requirement for guiding economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
The "Proposals" firmly grasps the goal requirements of common prosperity, and focuses on guaranteeing and improving people's livelihood, deploying a number of policies and measures with strong balance and accessibility in promoting high-quality and full employment, improving the income distribution system, running education that satisfies the people, improving the social security system, promoting the high-quality development of the real estate industry, accelerating the construction of a healthy China, promoting the high-quality development of the population, and steadily promoting the equalization of basic public services. Focusing on narrowing regional gaps and urban-rural differences, a number of pragmatic measures are deployed in accelerating agricultural and rural modernization, solidly promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, optimizing the regional economic layout, and promoting coordinated regional development. Focusing on promoting the common prosperity of the people's spiritual life, it proposes to promote and practice the core socialist values, vigorously promote cultural undertakings, accelerate the development of the cultural industry, and enhance the communication and influence of Chinese civilization.
Sixth, regarding coordinating development and security. Security is the prerequisite for development, and development is the guarantee for security. In the next 5 years, various uncertain and unpredictable risk factors in China will significantly increase, and the task of coordinating development and security will be more arduous. The "Proposals" focuses on promoting the modernization of the national security system and capabilities, proposing to improve the national security system, strengthen the construction of national security capabilities in key areas, improve the level of public safety governance, and improve the social governance system. Focusing on promoting the modernization of national defense and the military with high quality, it proposes to accelerate the construction of advanced combat capabilities, promote the modernization of military governance, and consolidate and improve the integrated national strategic system and capabilities.
Seventh, regarding adhering to the Party's overall leadership. Adhering to and strengthening the Party's overall leadership is the fundamental guarantee for promoting Chinese-style modernization. The "Proposals" focuses on improving the Party's ability and level to lead economic and social development, emphasizing adhering to and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, improving the implementation mechanism of major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee; continuously unifying thoughts, wills, and actions with the Party's innovative theories; adhering to the correct orientation of employing people, improving the cadre assessment and evaluation mechanism; coordinating the promotion of the construction of grassroots Party organizations in various fields; unremittingly implementing the eight-point regulations of the Central Committee; improving the Party and state supervision system; and resolutely fighting the tough battle, protracted war, and overall war against corruption.
Comrades, deliberating and adopting the "Proposals" for the "15th Five-Year Plan" is the main task of this plenary session. Everyone should think carefully, discuss in depth, put forward constructive opinions and suggestions, and jointly make this plenary session a success and revise the draft "Proposals" well.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), October 28)
Return to TopThis report was published in Kuala Lumpur on October 28th (Reporter Zhang Niansheng (章念生), Wang Di (王迪)) On October 28th, local time, Premier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) attended the 28th China-ASEAN Leaders' Meeting in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Li Qiang (李强) stated that, as President Xi Jinping (习近平) said during his visit to Southeast Asia in April, unity is strength, and cooperation leads to win-win outcomes. This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. During that war, China and Southeast Asian countries supported each other and fought side by side, ultimately winning independence and liberation. In the decades that followed, we have developed together, achieving rapid economic growth through mutual inspiration and cooperation, and overcoming major difficulties such as financial crises, tsunamis, and the COVID-19 pandemic through mutual assistance and concerted efforts. The current international situation has seen many new changes. China and ASEAN countries should more firmly strengthen unity and self-reliance, build greater synergy, eliminate external interference, safeguard our legitimate rights and interests through mutual reliance and coordinated action, and promote steady economic growth through mutual exchange and deepened cooperation.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that China is willing to strengthen the alignment of development strategies with ASEAN countries, implement the "Plan of Action for China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (2026-2030)" effectively, and continue to promote the building of a closer China-ASEAN community with a shared future. First, we must make strategic mutual trust more solid. Strengthen strategic communication and properly handle differences. China will continue to support the promotion of peaceful resolution of disputes between Cambodia and Thailand through the "ASEAN way." We must accelerate the consultation on the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea" and strive to reach an agreement as soon as possible. Second, we must make the integration of interests more in-depth. Taking the implementation of the upgraded Protocol 3.0 of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area as an opportunity, we will accelerate the promotion of trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and strengthen industrial integration. China will continue to contribute to the China-ASEAN Cooperation Fund, and is willing to establish a China-ASEAN Digital Academy with ASEAN countries, build an artificial intelligence cooperation platform mechanism, and establish a maritime development and technology cooperation center, etc., to deepen cooperation in transportation, digital economy, green economy, disaster prevention and mitigation, and climate change. Third, we must make emotional connections more solid. We will hold the closing ceremony of this year's cultural exchange year, designate 2026 as the "5th Anniversary Theme Year of the Establishment of China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership," accelerate the establishment of the China-ASEAN Tourism Ministers' Meeting and Education Ministers' Meeting mechanisms, and make good use of the China-ASEAN administrative colleges and think tank cooperation network. China is willing to work with ASEAN countries to promote the steady and long-term development of cooperation between China and ASEAN.
The leaders of ASEAN countries attending the meeting stated that ASEAN-China relations have continued to develop in depth, and cooperation in various fields has yielded fruitful results, bringing broad benefits to the people of the region, and have become a model of mutual respect and mutually beneficial cooperation in regional cooperation. ASEAN countries are willing to strengthen strategic communication with China, enhance political mutual trust, jointly implement the "Plan of Action for China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (2026-2030)" and the upgraded Protocol 3.0 of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area, expand cooperation in economy and trade, connectivity, digital economy, green development, energy, education, tourism, and combating transnational crime, strengthen people-to-people bonds, and promote the ASEAN-China comprehensive strategic partnership to a higher level. ASEAN is willing to reach the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea" with China as soon as possible, and make positive contributions to regional peace, security and stability.
Before the meeting, Li Qiang (李强) and Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar (安瓦尔), the rotating chair of ASEAN, jointly witnessed the signing of the upgraded Protocol 3.0 of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on October 28th (Reporter Peng Bo (彭波)) The 18th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee concluded at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) in Beijing (北京) on the afternoon of the 28th. The meeting voted and approved the newly revised Maritime Law, the Decision on Amending the Organic Law of Villagers Committees, the newly revised Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees, the Decision on Amending the Cybersecurity Law, and the Decision on Amending the Environmental Protection Tax Law. President Xi Jinping (习近平) signed Presidential Decrees No. 58, 59, 60, 61, and 62 respectively to promulgate them. The meeting voted and decided to appoint Zhang Shengmin (张升民) as Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军事委员会) of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国), and to remove He Weidong (何卫东) from the post of Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军事委员会) of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国). Chairman Zhao Leji (赵乐际) presided over the closing meeting.
159 members of the Standing Committee attended the meeting, and the number of attendees met the quorum.
The meeting voted and approved the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee's decision to approve the "Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction," the decision to approve the "Decision 5/4 of the Fifth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Minamata Convention on Mercury on Amendments to Annex A and Annex B of the Minamata Convention on Mercury," the decision to approve the "Treaty between the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国) and the Republic of Zimbabwe on Criminal Justice Assistance," and the decision to approve the "Treaty between the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国) and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia on Criminal Justice Assistance."
The meeting voted and approved the reports on the results of the deliberation of the motions submitted by the delegations to the Presidium of the Third Session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) submitted by the National People's Congress (全国人大) Supervision and Judicial Committee, the Financial and Economic Committee, the Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee, the Environment and Resources Protection Committee, and the Social Construction Committee, respectively.
The meeting voted and approved the report of the Credentials Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee on the qualifications of individual deputies.
The meeting voted to appoint Hao Peng (郝鹏) as Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Financial and Economic Committee, and Sun Shao cheng (孙绍骋) as Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Social Construction Committee; to remove Xu Hui (徐辉) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Constitution and Law Committee, to remove Zhang Xuan (张轩) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Supervision and Judicial Committee, to remove Li Jinghai (李静海) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee, to remove Hao Ping (郝平) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Foreign Affairs Committee, to remove Jing Hanchao (景汉朝) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Social Construction Committee; to remove Xia Guang (夏光) from the post of Deputy Director of the Budget Work Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, and to appoint Zhai Wei (翟炜) as Deputy Director of the Budget Work Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee.
The meeting voted to appoint Wang Zhongming (王中明) as Vice President, member of the Adjudication Committee, and Judge of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院), and to remove He Xiaorong (贺小荣) from the post of Vice President, member of the Adjudication Committee, and Chief Judge of the Fourth Circuit Court of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院); to remove Zhang Jin (张进) from the post of Procurator-General of the Military Procuratorate of the People's Liberation Army of China (中国人民解放军军事检察院), and to appoint Sun Xiujun (孙秀君) as Procurator-General of the Military Procuratorate of the People's Liberation Army of China (中国人民解放军军事检察院).
The meeting also voted on other appointment and removal proposals.
Vice Chairpersons of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠), Wang Dongming (王东明), Xiao Jie (肖捷), Zheng Jianbang (郑建邦), Ding Zhongli (丁仲礼), Cai Dafeng (蔡达峰), He Wei (何维), Wu Weihua (武维华), Tie Ning (铁凝), Peng Qinghua (彭清华), Zhang Qingwei (张庆伟), Losang Jamcan (洛桑江村), and Shohrat Zakir (雪克来提·扎克尔), and Secretary-General Liu Qi (刘奇) attended the meeting.
Vice Premier of the State Council He Lifeng (何立峰), President of the Supreme People's Court Zhang Jun (张军), responsible comrades of the National Supervisory Commission and the Supreme People's Procuratorate, members of the special committees of the National People's Congress (全国人大), responsible comrades of the standing committees of the people's congresses of various provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities, principal responsible comrades of the people's congresses of some sub-provincial cities, some deputies to the National People's Congress (全国人大), and responsible comrades of relevant departments attended the meeting as observers.
After the closing meeting, the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee held the 19th special lecture, which was presided over by Chairman Zhao Leji (赵乐际). Han Wenxiu (韩文秀), Deputy Director of the Central Financial and Economic Affairs Office in charge of daily work and Director of the Central Rural Work Leading Group Office, gave a lecture entitled "Ensuring Decisive Progress in Basically Realizing Socialist Modernization -- Studying, Understanding, and Implementing the Spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee."
Return to TopThe Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) deeply analyzed the international and domestic situation and put forward the following suggestions on formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" for national economic and social development.
I. The "15th Five-Year Plan" Period Is a Critical Period for Basically Realizing Socialist Modernization
(1) China's development has made significant achievements during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. The development process of China (中国) during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period was extremely unusual and extraordinary. Facing the complex and volatile international situation and the arduous and heavy domestic reform, development, and stability tasks, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core united and led the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to overcome difficulties and forge ahead. We withstood the severe impact of the century-long pandemic, effectively responded to a series of major risks and challenges, and promoted new major achievements in the cause of the Party and the country. The economy operated steadily and made progress, and high-quality development was steadily promoted; fruitful results were achieved in scientific and technological innovation, and new quality productive forces steadily developed; comprehensive deepening of reform was further advanced, and high-level opening up to the outside world was continuously expanded; whole-process people's democracy was deeply developed, and the rule of law was effectively implemented in all respects; cultural undertakings and cultural industries flourished, and spiritual and cultural products were rich and colorful; people's livelihood was solidly guaranteed, and the achievements in poverty alleviation were consolidated and expanded; the pace of green and low-carbon transition was accelerated, and the quality of the ecological environment continued to improve; national security capabilities were effectively enhanced, social governance effectiveness was enhanced, and the overall social situation remained stable; major progress was made in national defense and military building; the practice of "one country, two systems" was deeply advanced; China's (中国) characteristic major-country diplomacy was comprehensively expanded; comprehensive and strict Party governance achieved remarkable results, the anti-corruption struggle was advanced in depth, and the Party's creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness were significantly improved. China's (中国) economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and comprehensive national strength have reached a new level, Chinese-style modernization has taken new solid steps, and a good start has been made in the new journey toward the second centenary goal. The fundamental reason for achieving these major achievements lies in the leadership and steering of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and in the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
(2) The "15th Five-Year Plan" period has an important position in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization, linking the past and opening up the future. Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of step-by-step progress and continuous development, which requires unremitting efforts and continuous struggle. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for laying the foundation and fully exerting efforts to basically realize socialist modernization. It is necessary to consolidate and expand advantages, break through bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weaknesses, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and lay a more solid foundation for basically realizing socialist modernization.
(3) China's (中国) development environment will face profound and complex changes during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. Relations between major countries affect the international situation, and changes in the international situation profoundly affect domestic development. China's (中国) development is in a period where strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertain and unpredictable factors are increasing. From an international perspective, the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, the international balance of power is undergoing profound adjustments, and a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating breakthroughs. China (中国) has many favorable factors to proactively manage international space and shape the external environment. At the same time, the world is intertwined with changes and chaos, and turbulence is intensifying, with frequent outbreaks of geopolitical conflicts; unilateralism and protectionism are rising, and hegemonism and power politics are increasing threats. The international economic and trade order is facing severe challenges, and the world economy lacks growth momentum; major-country games are becoming more complex and intense. From a domestic perspective, China's (中国) economic foundation is stable, with many advantages, strong resilience, and great potential. The supporting conditions and basic trends for long-term improvement have not changed. The advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the advantages of a super-large-scale market, the advantages of a complete industrial system, and the advantages of abundant human resources are even more prominent. At the same time, the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development remains prominent; there is insufficient effective demand, and there are bottlenecks and blockages in the domestic circulation; the task of converting old and new driving forces is arduous; the modernization of agriculture and rural areas is relatively lagging; there is greater pressure on employment and residents' income growth, and there are shortcomings and weaknesses in people's livelihood security; changes in the population structure pose new challenges to economic development and social governance; and there are still risks and hidden dangers in key areas.
Changes contain opportunities, and challenges inspire fighting spirit. The entire Party must deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," strengthen the "Four Consciousnesses," strengthen the "Four Confidences," and achieve the "Two Safeguards," maintain strategic focus, strengthen confidence in victory, actively recognize, respond to, and seek changes, dare to struggle, be good at struggling, and bravely face the major tests of high winds, rough seas, and even stormy waves. With a historical initiative spirit, we will overcome difficulties, fight risks, and meet challenges, concentrate our efforts on managing our own affairs well, continue to write new chapters in the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and strive to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
II. Guiding Principles and Main Goals of Economic and Social Development During the "15th Five-Year Plan" Period
(4) Guiding ideology for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. Adhere to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought (毛泽东思想), Deng Xiaoping Theory (邓小平理论), the Important Thought of "Three Represents," the Scientific Outlook on Development, comprehensively implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的二十大) and the plenary sessions of the 20th Central Committee, focus on building a strong socialist modern country in all respects and realizing the second centenary goal, comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization, coordinate and promote the "Five-Sphere Integrated Plan," coordinate and promote the "Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy," coordinate the domestic and international situations, fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, adhere to taking economic construction as the center, taking the promotion of high-quality development as the theme, taking reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force, taking meeting the people's growing needs for a better life as the fundamental purpose, and taking comprehensive and strict Party governance as the fundamental guarantee, promote the effective improvement of economic quality and the rational growth of quantity, promote the comprehensive development of people and the common prosperity of all people to take solid steps, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization.
(5) Principles that must be followed for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
-- Adhere to the Party's overall leadership. Resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee (党中央), improve the Party's ability to grasp the direction, plan the overall situation, formulate policies, and promote reform, and integrate the Party's leadership into all aspects and the entire process of economic and social development, providing a fundamental guarantee for China's (中国) socialist modernization construction.
-- Adhere to putting the people first. Respect the people's principal position, rely closely on the people, safeguard the people's fundamental interests, promote social fairness and justice, pay attention to guaranteeing and improving people's livelihood in development, expand development space in meeting people's livelihood needs, promote coordinated economic and social development, and promote the mutual enhancement of material and spiritual civilization, so that the fruits of modernization construction can benefit all people more and more equitably.
-- Adhere to high-quality development. Lead development with the new development concept, develop new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, strengthen the domestic circulation, smooth the domestic and international dual circulation, coordinate the expansion of domestic demand and the deepening of supply-side structural reform, accelerate the cultivation of new driving forces, promote the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure, optimize increments, revitalize stocks, and promote sustained and healthy economic development and comprehensive social progress.
-- Adhere to comprehensively deepening reform. Focus on the institutional and mechanism barriers that restrict high-quality development, promote deep-level reforms, expand high-level opening up, promote the better adaptation of productive relations and productive forces, the superstructure and the economic base, and national governance and social development, and continuously enhance development momentum and social vitality.
-- Adhere to the combination of an effective market and a capable government. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, build a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, build a rule-of-law economy and a credit economy, create a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized, and form an economic order that is both "vibrant when let go" and "well-managed."
-- Adhere to coordinating development and security. Consolidate security in development, seek development in security, strengthen bottom-line thinking, effectively prevent and resolve various risks, enhance economic and social resilience, and guarantee a new development pattern with a new security pattern.
(6) Main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
-- Significant achievements have been made in high-quality development. Economic growth will be maintained within a reasonable range, total factor productivity will steadily increase, the residents' consumption rate will significantly increase, the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth will continue to strengthen, the potential for economic growth will be fully released, the construction of a unified national market will be advanced in depth, the advantages of a super-large-scale market will continue to be demonstrated, major progress will be made in new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, and major breakthroughs will be made in developing new quality productive forces, building a new development pattern, and building a modern economic system.
-- The level of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology has been greatly improved. The overall effectiveness of the national innovation system has been significantly improved, the integrated development pattern of education, science and technology, and talent has been basically formed, the ability of basic research and original innovation has been significantly enhanced, key core technologies in key areas have been rapidly broken through, the number of areas leading the way has significantly increased, the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation has been achieved, and the driving role of innovation has been significantly enhanced.
-- New breakthroughs have been made in further comprehensively deepening reform. The modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity has been deeply advanced, the socialist market economic system has been further improved, the high-level opening-up system and mechanism have been further improved, the level of institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of whole-process people's democracy has been further improved, and the construction of a socialist rule-of-law country has reached a higher level.
-- The level of social civilization has been significantly improved. Cultural confidence has become more firm, mainstream ideology and public opinion have been continuously consolidated and strengthened, socialist core values have been widely practiced, the cultural innovation and creativity of the entire nation have been continuously stimulated, the people's spiritual and cultural life has become richer, the cohesion of the Chinese nation and the influence of Chinese culture have been significantly enhanced, and the country's soft power has continued to increase.
-- The quality of people's lives has been continuously improved. New progress has been made in high-quality and full employment, residents' income growth is synchronized with economic growth, labor remuneration is synchronized with the improvement of labor productivity, the distribution structure has been optimized, the middle-income group has continued to expand, the social security system has been further optimized and is more sustainable, and the level of equalization of basic public services has been significantly improved.
-- New and major progress has been made in building a beautiful China (中国). Green production and lifestyles have been basically formed, the carbon peak target has been achieved on schedule, a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy system has been initially built, the total emissions of major pollutants have continued to decrease, and the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems have been continuously improved.
-- The national security barrier has been further consolidated. The national security system and capabilities have been further strengthened, risks in key areas have been effectively prevented and resolved, the level of social governance and public safety governance has been significantly improved, the centenary goal of the People's Liberation Army (建军一百年) has been achieved on schedule, and the construction of a higher-level Peaceful China (平安中国) has been steadily advanced.
On this basis, after another five years of struggle, by 2035, China's (中国) economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength, comprehensive national strength, and international influence will have greatly increased, per capita GDP will reach the level of moderately developed countries, people's lives will be happier and better, and socialist modernization will be basically realized.
III. Building a Modern Industrial System and Consolidating and Strengthening the Foundation of the Real Economy
A modern industrial system is the material and technological foundation of Chinese-style modernization. We must adhere to focusing on the real economy in developing the economy, adhere to the direction of intelligence, greening, and integration, accelerate the construction of a manufacturing power, a quality power, an aerospace power, a transportation power, and a cyber power, maintain a reasonable proportion of manufacturing, and build a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone.
(7) Optimize and upgrade traditional industries. Promote the quality and upgrading of key industries, and consolidate and enhance the position and competitiveness of industries such as mining, metallurgy, chemical industry, light industry, textile, machinery, shipbuilding, and construction in the global industrial division of labor. Enhance the level of independent control of the industrial chain, strengthen industrial foundation reengineering and major technical equipment breakthroughs, roll out high-quality development actions for key manufacturing industrial chains, and develop advanced manufacturing clusters. Promote technological transformation and upgrading, promote the digital and intelligent transformation of manufacturing, develop intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing, and service-oriented manufacturing, and accelerate the transformation of industrial models and enterprise organizational forms. Enhance the ability of quality and technical infrastructure, strengthen standard leadership, improve the level of internationalization, and strengthen brand building. Optimize the industrial layout and promote the orderly transfer of key industries within the country.
(8) Cultivate and strengthen emerging industries and future industries. Focus on building emerging pillar industries. Implement industrial innovation projects, integrate the construction of innovation facilities, technology research and development, and product iteration and upgrading, and accelerate the development of strategic emerging industrial clusters such as new energy, new materials, aerospace, and low-altitude economy. Improve the industrial ecology, implement large-scale application demonstration actions for new technologies, new products, and new scenarios, and accelerate the large-scale development of emerging industries.
Proactively plan for future industries, explore diverse technical routes, typical application scenarios, feasible business models, and market supervision rules, and promote quantum technology, bio-manufacturing, hydrogen energy and nuclear fusion energy, brain-computer interfaces, embodied intelligence, and sixth-generation mobile communications to become new economic growth points. Innovate regulatory methods, develop venture capital, and establish a mechanism for increasing investment and sharing risks in future industries. Promote the specialized, refined, and distinctive development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and cultivate unicorn enterprises.
(9) Promote the high-quality and efficient development of the service industry. Implement service industry expansion and quality improvement actions, expand service industry opening up, deepen regulatory reform, improve the supporting policy system, expand high-quality business entities, promote the extension of productive service industries to specialization and the high end of the value chain by sector, and promote the high-quality, diversified, and convenient development of life service industries. Improve the level of integrated development of modern service industries and advanced manufacturing and modern agriculture, and promote the digital and intelligent transformation of the service industry. Strengthen service standards and quality brand building. Improve the service industry statistical monitoring system.
(10) Build a modern infrastructure system. Strengthen the overall planning of infrastructure, optimize the layout structure, promote integration and integration, and enhance safety resilience and operational sustainability. Moderately advance the construction of new infrastructure, promote the construction and intensive and efficient utilization of information and communication networks, the national integrated computing power network, and major scientific and technological infrastructure, and promote the upgrading and digital and intelligent transformation of traditional infrastructure. Improve the modern comprehensive transportation system, strengthen cross-regional overall layout and cross-mode integrated connection, and strengthen coverage and access guarantees in weak areas. Improve a diversified and resilient international transportation channel system. Optimize the layout of energy backbone channels and accelerate the construction of new energy infrastructure. Accelerate the construction of a modern water network and enhance the ability to prevent and control floods and droughts, coordinate the allocation of water resources, and guarantee urban and rural water supply. Promote the construction of dual-use public infrastructure for cities in both peacetime and emergency.
IV. Accelerate High-Level Self-Reliance and Self-Improvement in Science and Technology and Lead the Development of New Quality Productive Forces
Chinese-style modernization must rely on scientific and technological modernization for support. Seize the historical opportunities of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, coordinate the construction of a strong country in education, a strong country in science and technology, and a strong country in talent, improve the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system, comprehensively enhance independent innovation capabilities, seize the commanding heights of scientific and technological development, and continuously generate new quality productive forces.
(11) Strengthen original innovation and breakthroughs in key core technologies. Improve the new national system, take extraordinary measures, and promote decisive breakthroughs in key core technologies in key areas such as integrated circuits, industrial machine tools, high-end instruments, basic software, advanced materials, and bio-manufacturing across the entire chain. Highlight national strategic needs and deploy and implement a number of national major science and technology tasks. Strengthen the strategic, forward-looking, and systematic layout of basic research, increase the proportion of investment in basic research, and increase long-term and stable support. Strengthen the original innovation orientation of scientific research and technological development, optimize the environment conducive to original and disruptive innovation, and produce more iconic original achievements.
(12) Promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. Coordinate the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces to enhance the ability to tackle key problems in a systematic way. Strengthen the independent guarantee of scientific and technological infrastructure conditions, and coordinate the construction of scientific and technological innovation platform bases. Improve the regional innovation system, deploy and build regional science and technology innovation centers and industrial science and technology innovation highlands, and strengthen the source function of international science and technology innovation centers. Accelerate the efficient transformation and application of major scientific and technological achievements, deploy and build concept verification and pilot test verification platforms, increase the construction and opening up of application scenarios, and strengthen the protection and application of intellectual property rights. Create an open innovation ecosystem with global competitiveness. Support young scientific and technological talents in innovation and entrepreneurship. Strengthen the popularization of science and technology, cultivate an innovation culture, and promote the spirit of scientists. Strengthen the construction of science and technology rule of law, ethics, integrity, and security.
Strengthen the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, promote the concentration of innovation resources to enterprises, support enterprises to take the lead in forming innovation consortia and undertake more national scientific and technological research tasks, encourage enterprises to increase investment in basic research, and promote the deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain. Cultivate and strengthen leading technology enterprises, support the development of high-tech enterprises and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, and increase the proportion of additional deductions for enterprise R&D expenses. Increase government procurement of independent innovation products.
(13) Promote the development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner. Establish and improve a coordinated mechanism for integrated promotion, strengthen planning coherence, policy coordination, resource integration, and evaluation linkage, promote the virtuous interaction between independent scientific and technological innovation and independent talent cultivation, and build education centers, science centers, and talent centers with global influence. Coordinate talent cultivation around scientific and technological innovation, industrial development, and national strategic needs, optimize the layout of universities, promote reform by category, coordinate the setting of disciplines, deeply promote the construction of "double first-class" universities and national interdisciplinary centers, strengthen the functions of scientific research institutions, innovation platforms, enterprises, and science and technology programs in gathering and cultivating talents, and cultivate top-notch innovative talents. Accelerate the construction of national strategic talent forces, and cultivate more strategic scientists, leading science and technology talents, outstanding engineers, master craftsmen, and highly skilled talents. Strengthen talent collaboration, optimize the talent structure, and promote coordinated regional development of talents. Taking innovation ability, quality, effectiveness, and contribution as the evaluation orientation, deepen the reform of project review, institutional evaluation, talent evaluation, and income distribution, unblock the channels for talent exchange between universities, scientific research institutes, and enterprises, and stimulate the power and vitality of innovation and creation. Deepen international exchanges and cooperation, establish a high-tech talent immigration system, and attract and cultivate outstanding talents from around the world.
(14) Deeply promote the construction of Digital China. Improve the basic system of data elements, build an open, shared, and secure national integrated data market, and deepen the development and utilization of data resources. Promote the deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy, and implement the innovation and development project of the industrial Internet. Accelerate the innovation of digital intelligence technologies such as artificial intelligence, break through basic theories and core technologies, and strengthen the efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data. Comprehensively implement the "Artificial Intelligence+" action, use artificial intelligence to lead the paradigm shift of scientific research, strengthen the combination of artificial intelligence with industrial development, cultural construction, people's livelihood security, and social governance, seize the commanding heights of artificial intelligence industrial applications, and comprehensively empower thousands of industries. Strengthen the governance of artificial intelligence, and improve relevant laws and regulations, policies and systems, application norms, and ethical guidelines. Improve supervision and promote the innovation and healthy development of the platform economy.
V. Build a strong domestic market and accelerate the construction of a new development pattern.
A strong domestic market is the strategic support for Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to expanding domestic demand as a strategic base point, adhere to the close combination of benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, leading new supply with new demand, creating new demand with new supply, promoting the virtuous interaction between consumption and investment, supply and demand, and enhancing the endogenous power and reliability of the domestic cycle.
(15) Vigorously boost consumption. Deeply implement special actions to boost consumption. Coordinate the promotion of employment, increase income, stabilize expectations, reasonably increase the proportion of public service expenditure in fiscal expenditure, and enhance residents' consumption capacity. Expand the supply of high-quality consumer goods and services. Focus on relaxing access and integrating business formats to expand service consumption, strengthen brand leadership, standard upgrades, and new technology applications, promote the expansion and upgrading of commodity consumption, and create a number of new consumption scenarios with a wide driving range and high visibility. Cultivate international consumption center cities and expand inbound consumption. Increase the intensity of inclusive policies directly reaching consumers, and increase government funds for people's livelihood security expenditures. Improve the system and mechanism for promoting consumption, clean up unreasonable restrictive measures on consumption such as automobiles and housing, establish and improve management methods adapted to new consumption formats, new models, and new scenarios, and implement paid staggered vacations. Strengthen the protection of consumer rights.
(16) Expand effective investment. Maintain reasonable investment growth and improve investment efficiency. Optimize the structure of government investment, increase the proportion of government investment in people's livelihood, and promote the implementation of major national strategies and key areas of security capacity projects with high quality. Adapt to changes in population structure and flow trends, improve the layout of infrastructure and public service facilities, and strengthen human resource development and investment in the comprehensive development of people. Coordinate the use of various types of government investment, and explore the preparation of full-caliber government investment plans in places with a good working foundation. Strengthen the whole-process management of government investment. Deepen the reform of the investment approval system, and further clarify the direction and focus of central and local investment. Strengthen planning and argumentation, and implement a number of major landmark projects. Improve the long-term mechanism for private enterprises to participate in the construction of major projects, give play to the guiding and driving role of government investment funds, stimulate the vitality of private investment, increase the proportion of private investment, and enhance the growth momentum of effective investment dominated by the market.
(17) Resolutely remove the blockages that hinder the construction of a unified national market. Unify the basic system rules of the market, improve the systems of property rights protection, market access, information disclosure, social credit, mergers and acquisitions, and market exit, eliminate barriers in terms of element acquisition, qualification recognition, bidding and tendering, and government procurement, standardize the economic promotion behavior of local governments, and eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation. Comprehensively rectify "involutionary" competition. Unify market supervision and law enforcement, strengthen quality supervision, improve the benchmark system for administrative discretion, strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition law enforcement and justice, and form a market order of high quality and high price and benign competition. Improve the integrated circulation rules and standards, connect market facilities with high standards, and reduce the logistics costs of the whole society. Improve the statistical, fiscal, tax, and assessment systems that are conducive to the construction of a unified national market, and optimize the sharing of benefits between corporate headquarters and branches, production areas and consumption areas.
VI. Accelerate the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system and enhance the driving force for high-quality development.
A high-level socialist market economic system is an important guarantee for Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system, give better play to the leading role of economic system reform, improve the macroeconomic governance system, and ensure that high-quality development is stable and far-reaching.
(18) Fully stimulate the vitality of various business entities. Adhere to and implement the "two unwaverings" (两个毫不动摇), promote the complementary advantages and common development of various ownership economies. Deepen the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, strengthen, optimize, and expand state-owned enterprises and state-owned capital, promote the optimization of the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, enhance the core functions of state-owned enterprises, and enhance core competitiveness. Implement the Private Economy Promotion Law (民营经济促进法), guarantee equal use of production factors, fair participation in market competition, and effective protection of legitimate rights and interests from the legal and institutional level, and develop and strengthen the private economy. Support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and individual businesses, and promote the coordinated and integrated development of large, medium, and small enterprises. Strengthen the enforcement and judicial protection of property rights, and strengthen judicial supervision of compulsory measures such as sealing up, detaining, and freezing. Improve the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, promote the spirit of entrepreneurs, and accelerate the construction of more world-class enterprises.
(19) Accelerate the improvement of the market-oriented allocation system and mechanism of factors. Promote the efficient allocation of various factor resources, and establish and improve a unified urban and rural construction land market, a fully functional capital market, a smoothly flowing labor market, and a highly efficient technology market. Prepare a macroeconomic balance sheet, comprehensively ascertain the existing stock of resources and assets, and optimize the asset-liability structure. Improve policies such as mergers and acquisitions, bankruptcy, and replacement, and revitalize and utilize inefficient land, idle real estate, and existing infrastructure. Improve the laws and regulations on the renewal of industrial and commercial land use rights, and steadily promote the renewal work in accordance with the law. Promote the revitalization and sharing of existing state-owned assets of administrative institutions across the country. Promote the organic connection between judicial judgment enforcement and the bankruptcy system, and effectively revitalize the property sealed up and frozen in accordance with the law.
(20) Enhance the effectiveness of macroeconomic governance. Strengthen the strategic guiding role of national development planning, strengthen the coordination of fiscal and monetary policies, give full play to the role of industrial, price, employment, consumption, investment, trade, regional, environmental protection, and regulatory policies, and promote the formation of more economic development models dominated by domestic demand, driven by consumption, and endogenous growth. Strengthen counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments, implement more proactive macroeconomic policies, and continue to stabilize growth, employment, and expectations. Enhance the consistency of macroeconomic policy orientation, strengthen the evaluation of policy implementation effects, improve the expectation management mechanism, and optimize the comprehensive performance evaluation of high-quality development.
Give play to the role of proactive fiscal policy and enhance fiscal sustainability. Strengthen scientific fiscal management, strengthen the overall planning of fiscal resources and budgets, and strengthen the financial guarantee for major national strategic tasks and basic people's livelihood. Deepen the zero-based budgeting reform, unify the budget allocation power, optimize the fiscal expenditure structure, and strengthen budget performance management. Improve the local tax and direct tax system, improve the income tax policies for business income, capital income, and property income, standardize tax preferential policies, and maintain a reasonable level of macro tax burden. Appropriately strengthen the central government's affairs and increase the proportion of central fiscal expenditure. Increase local autonomous financial resources. Strengthen financial and accounting supervision. Accelerate the construction of a long-term government debt management mechanism adapted to high-quality development.
Accelerate the construction of a financial powerhouse. Improve the central bank system, build a scientific and sound monetary policy system and a comprehensive macro-prudential management system, and unblock the monetary policy transmission mechanism. Vigorously develop science and technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance. Improve the institutional inclusiveness and adaptability of the capital market, and improve the capital market functions that coordinate investment and financing. Actively develop direct financing such as equity and bonds, and steadily develop futures, derivatives, and asset securitization. Optimize the financial institution system, and promote various financial institutions to focus on their main business, improve governance, and develop in a differentiated manner. Build a safe and efficient financial infrastructure. Steadily develop the digital RMB. Accelerate the construction of Shanghai International Financial Center (上海国际金融中心). Comprehensively strengthen financial supervision, strengthen the coordination of central and local supervision, enrich risk disposal resources and means, build a risk prevention and resolution system, and ensure the sound operation of finance.
VII. Expand high-level opening up and create a new situation of cooperation and win-win.
Adhering to opening up and cooperation and mutual benefit and win-win is the inevitable requirement of Chinese-style modernization. Steadily expand institutional opening up, maintain the multilateral trading system, expand international circulation, promote reform and development through opening up, and share opportunities and develop together with countries around the world.
(21) Actively expand autonomous opening up. Connect with international high-standard economic and trade rules, expand market access and opening fields with service industries as the focus, and expand unilateral opening fields and regions. Accelerate the process of regional and bilateral trade and investment agreements, and expand the network of high-standard free trade zones. Optimize the regional opening layout and create diverse forms of opening highlands. Implement the free trade pilot zone upgrading strategy and build the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港) with high standards. Coordinate the layout and construction of major opening and cooperation platforms such as scientific and technological innovation, service trade, and industrial development. Promote the internationalization of the RMB, improve the level of capital account opening, and build an independent and controllable RMB cross-border payment system. Promote the reform of global economic and financial governance, and promote the construction and maintenance of a fair, just, open, inclusive, and mutually beneficial international economic order.
(22) Promote trade innovation and development. Promote the improvement of the quality and efficiency of foreign trade, and accelerate the construction of a trade powerhouse. Promote market diversification and integration of domestic and foreign trade, optimize and upgrade trade in goods, expand trade in intermediate goods and green trade, and promote the balanced development of imports and exports. Vigorously develop trade in services, encourage service exports, improve the negative list management system for cross-border trade in services, and improve the standardization level of trade in services. Innovate and develop digital trade, and orderly expand the opening of the digital field. Enhance the functions of trade promotion platforms and support the development of new business forms and models such as cross-border e-commerce. Improve export control and security review mechanisms.
(23) Expand the space for two-way investment cooperation. Shape new advantages in attracting foreign investment, implement "access and operation," reduce the negative list for foreign investment access, and promote reinvestment of foreign investment in China. Improve the service guarantee system for foreign investment, fully implement national treatment, promote the efficient, convenient, and safe cross-border flow of data, and create a transparent, stable, and predictable institutional environment. Effectively implement the management of foreign investment, improve the overseas comprehensive service system, promote the integration of trade and investment, and guide the rational and orderly cross-border layout of the industrial chain and supply chain.
(24) Jointly build the "Belt and Road" with high quality. Strengthen the strategic connection with co-construction countries, and strengthen the overall planning and management of cooperation. Deepen infrastructure "hard connectivity," rules and standards "soft connectivity," and people-to-people "heart connectivity" with co-construction countries, improve the layout of the three-dimensional interconnection network, and coordinate the promotion of major landmark projects and "small and beautiful" livelihood projects. Improve the development level of China-Europe (Asia) freight trains. Accelerate the construction of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor in the western region (西部陆海新通道). Deepen pragmatic cooperation in trade, investment, industry, and culture, and expand new spaces for cooperation in green development, artificial intelligence, the digital economy, health, tourism, and agriculture. Improve a diversified, sustainable, and risk-controllable investment and financing system. Strengthen the protection of overseas interests.
VIII. Accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and solidly promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside.
The modernization of agriculture and rural areas is related to the overall situation and quality of Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to solving the "three rural issues" (三农问题) as the top priority of the work of the whole party, promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas, continue to consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation, promote the basic conditions for modern life in rural areas, and accelerate the construction of a strong agricultural country.
(25) Improve the comprehensive production capacity and quality and efficiency of agriculture. Adhere to grasping output capacity, production ecology, increased production and income together, coordinate the development of scientific and technological agriculture, green agriculture, quality agriculture, and brand agriculture, and build agriculture into a modern large industry. Increase efforts to implement a new round of action to increase grain production capacity by 100 billion jin (千亿斤粮食产能提升行动), and enhance the supply guarantee capacity of grain and other important agricultural products. Strictly abide by the red line of cultivated land, strictly manage the balance of occupation and compensation, and coordinate the optimization of agricultural land layout. Promote the construction of high-standard farmland with high quality, strengthen the protection of black soil and the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land, and improve the quality of cultivated land. Deeply implement the seed industry revitalization action (种业振兴行动), promote the research and application of high-end intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment suitable for hilly and mountainous areas, and promote the integrated efficiency of good fields, good seeds, good machines, and good methods. Adhere to the combination of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, develop modern facility agriculture, and build a diversified food supply system. Develop the under-forest economy and strengthen the forest and grass industry. Stabilize land contract relations and steadily promote the pilot project of extending the second round of contracts for another 30 years after expiration. Develop moderate-scale agricultural operations, improve the development quality of new agricultural business entities, improve the convenient and efficient agricultural socialization service system, and promote the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development.
(26) Promote the construction of livable, business-friendly, and beautiful villages. Learn from and apply the experience of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project ("千万工程"经验), improve the implementation mechanism of rural construction in accordance with local conditions, promote rural revitalization in a classified and orderly manner and in a block-based manner, and gradually improve the completeness of rural infrastructure, the convenience of public services, and the comfort of the living environment. Coordinate and optimize the layout of villages and towns, and promote the integrated planning, construction, management, and maintenance of county infrastructure. Coordinate and promote county territorial space governance, steadily carry out comprehensive land consolidation in the whole area, continue to rectify and improve the rural living environment, solve the problems of rural toilet renovation and garbage surrounding villages with the spirit of nailing nails, accelerate the completion of the shortcomings of modern living conditions in rural areas, and create high-quality living spaces in rural areas. Develop county economies with distinctive characteristics, develop multiple functions of agriculture, promote the deep integration of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, cultivate and strengthen rural characteristic industries, improve the mechanism for linking farmers and benefiting farmers, and promote the stable income increase of farmers.
(27) Improve the effectiveness of policies that strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich farmers. Improve the multi-input pattern of fiscal priority guarantee, financial key tilt, and active social participation to ensure that the investment in rural revitalization continues to increase. Protect and mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for farming and grain cultivation, and strengthen policy support and coordination such as prices, subsidies, and insurance. Increase the interest compensation for major grain-producing areas, and implement inter-provincial horizontal interest compensation in producing and marketing areas. Strengthen grain purchase and sales and reserve management. Promote the diversification of agricultural product imports and promote the coordination of trade and production. Promote the two-way flow of urban and rural factors, and encourage all kinds of talents to go to the countryside to serve and start businesses and find employment. Economically and intensively utilize rural collective commercial construction land, revitalize idle land and houses in accordance with the law, and classify and guarantee land for rural development. Support the development of a new type of rural collective economy.
Establish a normalized mechanism to prevent returning to poverty, adhere to precise assistance, improve bottom-line security, strengthen development-oriented assistance, enhance endogenous power, provide assistance to underdeveloped areas in a hierarchical and classified manner, improve support policies for key assistance counties for rural revitalization, and ensure that no large-scale return to poverty occurs.
IX. Optimize the regional economic layout and promote coordinated regional development
Coordinated regional development is an inherent requirement of Chinese-style modernization. Give play to the superimposed effects of regional coordinated development strategies, major regional strategies, major function zone strategies, and new urbanization strategies, optimize the layout of major productive forces, give play to the role of growth poles in key regions, and build a regional economic layout and territorial space system with complementary advantages and high-quality development.
(28) Enhance the coordination of regional development. Solidly promote the formation of a new pattern of large-scale development in the western region, new breakthroughs in the comprehensive revitalization of the northeast, the accelerated rise of the central region, and the accelerated modernization of the eastern region, and promote the coordinated development of the east, middle, west, south, and north. Consolidate and enhance the role of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), the Yangtze River Delta (长三角), and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) as high-quality development power sources. Continue to promote the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Promote the construction of Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) as a modern city with high standards and high quality, and enhance the development level of the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin City Economic Circle (成渝地区双城经济圈). Encourage all regions to give play to their comparative advantages and strengths, support major economic provinces to take the lead, and take the lead in demonstrating the promotion of Chinese-style modernization. Increase differentiated policy support to promote the revitalization and development of old revolutionary areas, ethnic areas, and border areas.
(29) Promote regional linkage development. Promote the construction of large trans-regional and trans-basin channels and strengthen the interconnection of regional infrastructure. Strengthen the coordinated and linked development of key urban agglomerations and promote the efficient collaboration of regional innovation chains and industrial chains. Promote the accelerated development of the city clusters in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and cultivate and develop a number of regional central cities to better play the supporting and driving role of trans-regional linked areas. Deepen cross-administrative region cooperation, improve mechanisms for regional planning coordination, industrial collaboration, and benefit sharing, and expand models such as the basin economy.
(30) Optimize the development pattern of territorial space. Strengthen the implementation of the major function zone strategy, maintain the overall stability of the pattern of urbanization areas, major agricultural product producing areas, and key ecological function areas, refine and clarify special function areas, and improve supporting policies and assessment and evaluation mechanisms. Promote the optimization of the layout of strategic industries and energy and resource bases. Improve the territorial space planning system, implement and optimize control lines such as cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red lines, and urban development boundaries, and implement differentiated and refined land use control by zone and category. Give provincial governments greater autonomy in coordinating construction land, explore the implementation of a total construction land management model based on the planning period, and implement integrated land supply that combines stock and increment.
(31) Deepen people-oriented new urbanization. Promote the urbanization of agricultural transfer populations in a scientific and orderly manner, and implement a system of providing basic public services by registering household registration in the place of permanent residence. Promote the modernization of governance in megacities and megacities, accelerate the integration of urban agglomerations and the integration of metropolitan areas, optimize the urban scale structure, and promote the coordinated development and intensive and compact layout of large, medium, and small cities and small towns. Promote urbanization construction with county towns as an important carrier in a classified manner, and enhance industrial support capabilities and public service levels. Adhere to the connotative development of cities, vigorously implement urban renewal, and build modern people's cities that are innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and intelligent. Solidly promote the construction of border towns.
(32) Strengthen marine development, utilization, and protection. Adhere to the integration of land and sea, improve the ability to manage the sea, promote the high-quality development of the marine economy, and accelerate the construction of a maritime power. Strengthen marine science and technology innovation, consolidate and enhance the advantages of the marine equipment manufacturing industry, strengthen emerging marine industries, and develop modern shipping service industries. Implement marine surveys and observation and monitoring, promote the development and utilization of marine energy resources and sea areas and islands, and strengthen the ecological environmental protection and restoration of key sea areas. Strengthen the support and guarantee system for deep-sea and polar exploration. Firmly safeguard maritime rights and security and improve maritime law enforcement and maritime judicial capabilities.
X. Stimulate the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation and promote the prosperity and development of socialist culture
Cultural prosperity is an important symbol of Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, be rooted in the broad and profound Chinese civilization, conform to the development trend of information technology, develop socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the new era with strong ideological leadership, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence, and solidly promote the construction of a strong cultural country.
(33) Promote and practice the core socialist values. Deepen the study and publicity and education of the Party's innovative theories, and unswervingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想) to build the soul and cast the soul. Innovate the implementation of the Marxist theory research and construction project and accelerate the construction of an independent knowledge system of Chinese philosophy and social sciences. Lead cultural construction with socialist core values, give play to the role of culture in cultivating the mind and cultivating sentiments, and cultivate the national spirit of forging ahead. Promote the culture of integrity and the culture of integrity. Strengthen and improve ideological and political work, promote campus cultural construction, make good use of red resources, and strengthen the ideal and belief education of young people. Coordinate the promotion of urban and rural spiritual civilization construction and improve the people's civilization literacy and the level of social civilization. Strengthen the construction and management of network content. Enhance the governance capabilities in the cultural field under informatization conditions.
(34) Vigorously promote cultural undertakings. Create a good cultural ecology, enhance cultural original capabilities, and promote the creation of high-quality products in the fields of news and publishing, radio, film, and television, and literature and art. Cultivate and form a large-scale, structurally reasonable, and innovative high-level cultural talent team. Widely carry out mass cultural activities and promote new mass literature and art under the conditions of the Internet. Deepen the systematic reform of mainstream media, promote the integrated management of news publicity and online public opinion, and improve the guiding ability of mainstream public opinion. Deeply implement the project of inheriting and developing outstanding traditional Chinese culture, promote the systematic protection and unified supervision and inspection of cultural heritage, and strengthen the effective protection and living inheritance of famous historical and cultural cities, blocks, villages, and towns. Build and use national cultural parks well. Build a Chinese civilization identification system. Adhere to cultural benefits for the people and implement actions to improve the quality and efficiency of public cultural services. Promote the construction of a book-fragrant society. Coordinate the promotion of mass sports and competitive sports and accelerate the construction of a strong sports country.
(35) Accelerate the development of the cultural industry. Improve the cultural management system and production and operation mechanism. Improve the cultural industry system and market system, cultivate excellent cultural enterprises and brands, implement a major cultural industry project-driven strategy, and implement active cultural economic policies. Promote the integration of culture and technology, promote the digital empowerment and information transformation of cultural construction, and develop new cultural formats. Guide and regulate the healthy development of online literature, online games, and online audio-visual programs, and strengthen online protection for minors. Promote the construction of a strong tourism country, enrich the supply of high-quality tourism products, and improve the quality of tourism services. Improve the convenience and internationalization of inbound tourism. Promote the deep integration of culture and tourism, vigorously develop the cultural tourism industry, and empower economic and social development with culture.
(36) Enhance the communication power and influence of Chinese civilization. Improve the international communication system and mechanism, innovate communication carriers and methods, strengthen the construction of key bases, enhance the international communication capabilities of mainstream media, comprehensively enhance international discourse power, tell Chinese stories well, and show a credible, lovely, and respectable image of China. Strengthen regional and national studies and improve the effectiveness of international communication. Deepen exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, widely carry out international cultural exchanges and cooperation, and encourage more cultural enterprises and excellent cultural products to go to the world.
XI. Increase efforts to guarantee and improve people's livelihoods and steadily promote common prosperity for all the people
Realizing the people's yearning for a better life is the starting point and end result of Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to doing our best and acting according to our capabilities, strengthen inclusive, basic, and bottom-line livelihood construction, solve the urgent and difficult problems of the people, smooth social mobility channels, and improve the quality of people's lives.
(37) Promote high-quality and full employment. Deeply implement the employment-first strategy, improve the employment promotion mechanism, and build an employment-friendly development mode. Strengthen the synergy between industry and employment, actively cultivate new occupations and new jobs, and support enterprises to stabilize and expand employment. Improve the matching mechanism of human resources supply and demand, improve the lifelong vocational skills training system, strengthen the guidance of career choice and employment concepts, and focus on solving structural employment contradictions. Improve the employment support and public service system, stabilize and expand the employment of key groups such as college graduates, migrant workers, and veterans, and promote the healthy development of flexible employment and new employment forms. Increase entrepreneurship support and enhance the employment-driven effect of entrepreneurship. Improve the labor standard system and the labor relations consultation and coordination mechanism, strengthen the protection of workers' rights and interests, and create a fair and orderly employment environment. Improve employment impact assessment and monitoring and early warning, and comprehensively respond to the impact of external environmental changes and new technology development on employment.
(38) Improve the income distribution system. Adhere to distribution according to work as the mainstay and coexist with various distribution methods, increase the proportion of residents' income in national income distribution, and increase the proportion of labor remuneration in primary distribution. Improve the primary distribution mechanism in which various factors are evaluated by the market for their contributions and remuneration is determined according to their contributions, and promote more pay for more work, more pay for higher skills, and more pay for innovators. Improve the wage determination, reasonable growth, and payment guarantee mechanism for workers, implement the wage collective bargaining system, improve the minimum wage standard adjustment mechanism, and strengthen macro guidance on enterprise wage distribution. Increase urban and rural residents' property income through multiple channels. Strengthen the redistribution adjustment of taxation, social security, and transfer payments. Promote and regulate the development of public welfare and charitable undertakings. Regulate the income distribution order and wealth accumulation mechanism, support hard work, innovation, and legal prosperity, encourage some people to get rich first and then lead others to get rich together, and promote common prosperity. Implement an income increase plan for urban and rural residents, effectively increase the income of low-income groups, steadily expand the size of the middle-income group, reasonably adjust excessive income, eliminate illegal income, and promote the formation of an olive-shaped distribution pattern.
(39) Run education that satisfies the people. Implement the new era's project of establishing morality and cultivating people, promote the effective integration of ideological and political classrooms and social classrooms, strengthen sports, aesthetics, and labor education, and improve the education evaluation system. Improve the education resource allocation mechanism that adapts to population changes and expand the supply of education resources in towns and cities with a net inflow of school-age population. Steadily expand the scope of free education and explore extending the length of compulsory education. Promote the expansion and quality improvement of basic education, coordinate the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education and the high-quality and inclusive development of preschool education, expand the operating resources of ordinary high schools, and run special education and specialized education well. Promote the quality improvement and capacity expansion of higher education and expand the enrollment scale of high-quality undergraduate education. Enhance the operating capacity of vocational schools and build distinctive high vocational colleges. Guide and regulate the development of private education. Expand high-level educational opening to the outside world. Promote the spirit of educators, cultivate and build a high-level teaching staff, and strengthen the guarantee of teachers' treatment. Improve the collaborative education mechanism of schools, families, and society. Deeply implement the education digitalization strategy and optimize lifelong learning public services.
(40) Improve the social security system. Improve and implement the national unified management system for basic old-age insurance, accelerate the development of a multi-level and multi-pillar old-age insurance system, improve the benefit determination and adjustment mechanism, and gradually increase the basic old-age pension for urban and rural residents. Improve the multi-level medical security system, promote provincial-level unified management of basic medical insurance, and optimize drug centralized procurement, medical insurance payment, and surplus fund use policies. Expand the coverage of unemployment and work-related injury insurance and establish and improve the occupational injury security system. Improve the policy on the transfer and continuation of social security relationships and increase the participation rate of flexible employees, migrant workers, and new employment form personnel. Improve the social insurance actuarial system, continue to transfer state-owned capital to enrich the social security fund, and improve the long-term fundraising, overall adjustment, value preservation and appreciation, and safety supervision mechanism of the social security fund. Give play to the supplementary security role of various commercial insurance policies. Optimize the national unified social security public service platform and management and service. Improve the social assistance system. Improve the service guarantee system for groups such as empty-nest elderly, children in difficulty, and disabled people. Establish and improve the basic funeral service system. Adhere to the basic national policy of equality between men and women and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and children. Strengthen the service guarantee for veterans.
(41) Promote the high-quality development of the real estate industry. Accelerate the construction of a new model for real estate development and improve the basic systems for commercial housing development, financing, and sales. Optimize the supply of affordable housing to meet the basic housing needs of urban wage earners and various families in difficulty. Increase the supply of improved housing based on city-specific policies. Build safe, comfortable, green, and smart "good houses," and implement projects to improve housing quality and actions to improve property service quality. Establish a full life cycle safety management system for houses.
(42) Accelerate the construction of a healthy China. Implement a health-first development strategy, improve the health promotion policy and system system, enhance the effectiveness of the patriotic health campaign, and improve the average life expectancy and people's health level. Strengthen public health capabilities, strengthen the construction of the disease control system, and prevent and control major infectious diseases. Improve the coordinated development and governance mechanism of medical care, medical insurance, and medicine, and promote hierarchical diagnosis and treatment. Deepen the reform of public hospitals' staffing, service prices, compensation system, and comprehensive supervision, with public welfare as the orientation, and strengthen the operation guarantee of counties, districts, and primary medical institutions. Optimize the functional positioning and layout of medical institutions, implement the medical and health infrastructure strengthening project, and promote the digital and intelligent construction of national health. Strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases and develop a full-chain service for prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and management. Comprehensively improve emergency and first aid, blood security, and emergency response capabilities. Strengthen the capacity and work style construction of the medical and health team. Promote the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and promote the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Support the development of innovative drugs and medical devices. Strengthen mental health and mental health services.
(43) Promote high-quality population development. Improve the population service system covering the entire population and the entire life cycle. Advocate a positive view of marriage and childbearing, optimize fertility support policies and incentive measures, give play to the role of childcare subsidies and individual income tax deduction policies, and effectively reduce the cost of family childbearing, raising, and education. Improve the maternity insurance system, implement the maternity leave system, and implement early pregnancy care actions and capacity improvement plans for pregnancy and birth defect prevention and control. Deeply carry out pilot demonstrations of childcare service subsidies, develop inclusive childcare and integrated childcare services, and gradually improve relevant systems. Strengthen women's and children's health services. Actively respond to population aging and improve the policy mechanism for the coordinated development of the old-age care cause and industry. Optimize the supply of basic old-age care services, improve the urban and rural old-age care service network, and strengthen the aging-friendly and barrier-free transformation of public facilities. Develop medical care and medical and nursing integration services. Promote long-term care insurance, improve the care system for disabled and demented elderly people, and expand the supply of rehabilitation care and hospice care services. Steadily implement a gradual delay in the statutory retirement age, optimize age restriction policies in employment, social security, and other aspects, actively develop elderly human resources, and develop the silver economy.
(44) Steadily promote the equalization of basic public services. Establish evaluation standards for the equalization of basic public services, improve the scope and content of basic public services, formulate goals, paths, and measures for achieving the equalization of basic public services, promote more public services to be sunk to the grassroots level, cover rural areas, and tilt towards remote areas and people living in difficulty, and improve the public resource allocation mechanism that matches the permanent population. Strengthen the overall planning of basic public service supply in counties and improve the long-term mechanism for investment guarantee. Comprehensively deepen the reform of public institutions.
XII. Accelerating the Comprehensive Green Transformation of Economic and Social Development and Building a Beautiful China
Green development is a distinct feature of Chinese-style modernization. We must firmly establish and practice the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, take carbon peaking and carbon neutrality as the guide, synergistically promote carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, build a solid ecological security barrier, and enhance the momentum of green development.
(45) Continue to vigorously advance the battle against pollution and optimize ecosystems. Adhere to environmental protection for the people, fully implement precise, scientific, and law-based pollution control, pay more attention to source governance, strengthen the synergy of pollution reduction and carbon reduction, the synergy of multi-pollutant control, and the synergy of regional governance, and thoroughly fight the battles to defend blue skies, clear waters, and pure land. Accelerate the implementation of the fixed pollution source supervision system with the pollutant discharge permit system as the core. Implement comprehensive solid waste management actions. Strengthen environmental risk prevention and control, and thoroughly promote the governance of new pollutants. Improve ecological environment standards, monitoring, evaluation, and assessment systems.
Adhere to the integrated protection and systematic governance of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and coordinate the promotion of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems. Strictly adhere to the ecological protection red line, comprehensively promote the construction of a natural reserve system with national parks as the main body, and orderly establish new national parks. Strengthen biodiversity protection. Carry out effectiveness assessments of ecological protection and restoration. Scientifically carry out large-scale national land greening actions, and fight well the "Three-North" Shelterbelt Project (三北防护林工程). Strengthen the construction of ecological barriers in areas such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Improve the diversified ecological compensation mechanism and expand channels for realizing the value of ecological products in accordance with local conditions. Strengthen the systematic governance and ecological protection of important rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Implement the ten-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River (长江).
(46) Accelerate the construction of a new energy system. Continuously increase the proportion of new energy supply, promote the safe, reliable, and orderly replacement of fossil energy, focus on building a new power system, and build a strong energy nation. Adhere to the simultaneous development of wind, solar, hydro, nuclear, and other energy sources, coordinate on-site consumption and external transmission, and promote the high-quality development of clean energy. Strengthen the clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy, and promote the transformation and upgrading of coal-fired power generation and the replacement of bulk coal. Comprehensively improve the level of mutual complementation and security resilience of the power system, scientifically lay out pumped storage, vigorously develop new energy storage, and accelerate the construction of smart grids and microgrids. Improve the level of electrification of terminal energy use and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy consumption. Accelerate the improvement of market and price mechanisms adapted to the new energy system.
(47) Actively and prudently promote and achieve carbon peaking. Implement a dual control system for total carbon emissions and intensity. Thoroughly implement energy conservation and carbon reduction transformations. Promote the peaking of coal and oil consumption. Improve the carbon emission statistical accounting system, and steadily implement local carbon assessment, industry carbon control, enterprise carbon management, project carbon evaluation, product carbon footprint, and other policies and systems. Develop distributed energy and build zero-carbon factories and parks. Expand the coverage of the national carbon emission trading market and accelerate the construction of a voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market. Establish and improve a green and low-carbon standard system, and promote the improvement, connection, and mutual recognition of leading international rules and standards. Improve the work system for adapting to climate change and enhance the ability to respond to climate change, especially extreme weather.
(48) Accelerate the formation of green production and lifestyle. Thoroughly promote ecological environment zoning control, strengthen the connection with territorial space planning, and synergistically optimize industrial layout. Promote the green and low-carbon transformation of key areas such as industry, urban and rural construction, transportation, and energy. Improve the total resource management and comprehensive conservation system, improve the level of garbage classification and resource utilization, and promote the development of a circular economy. Continue to build national ecological civilization pilot zones, build pioneer zones for a beautiful China, and create highlands for green development. Implement fiscal, taxation, financial, investment, price, technology, and environmental protection policies to promote green and low-carbon development. Improve the green consumption incentive mechanism and promote green and low-carbon lifestyles.
XIII. Promoting the Modernization of the National Security System and Capacity and Building a Higher-Level Safe China
Building a safe China is an important part of Chinese-style modernization. We must unswervingly implement the overall national security concept, follow the path of socialist social governance with Chinese characteristics, and ensure that society is both vibrant and orderly.
(49) Improve the national security system. Consolidate the centralized, unified, efficient, and authoritative national security leadership system, accelerate the construction of a new security pattern, and enhance the strategic initiative to maintain and shape national security. Adhere to strategy as the guide, policy as the grasp, the rule of law as the guarantee, and risk prevention and control as the foothold, and improve the national security legal system, strategic system, policy system, and risk prevention and control system. Strengthen the coordination mechanism for key areas and important special projects of national security, and improve emergency response effectiveness. Implement the national security responsibility system, promote the coordinated linkage of the entire chain and all elements, and form a system synergy. Improve the foreign-related national security mechanism, build an overseas security guarantee system, strengthen the struggle against sanctions, anti-interference, and anti-"long-arm jurisdiction," deepen international law enforcement security cooperation, and promote the improvement of global security governance. Strengthen national security education and build a solid people's defense line.
(50) Strengthen the capacity building of national security in key areas. Forge practical and effective national security capabilities, highlight the protection of major security issues concerning the long-term stability of the country, the healthy and stable economy, and the people's peaceful and happy life, and put safeguarding political security in the first place. Consolidate the basic guarantee of national security, ensure the security of food, energy resources, important industrial chains and supply chains, and major infrastructure, strengthen the exploration, development, and storage of strategic mineral resources, improve the intensive and safe utilization of water resources, maintain the security of strategic channels, and promote the construction of national strategic hinterland and key industry backups. Strengthen the national security capacity building in emerging fields such as network, data, artificial intelligence, biology, ecology, nuclear, space, deep sea, polar regions, and low altitude. Improve the ability to prevent and resolve risks in key areas, coordinate the orderly resolution of risks in real estate, local government debt, small and medium-sized financial institutions, and strictly prevent systemic risks.
(51) Improve the level of public safety governance. Improve the public safety system and promote the transformation of the public safety governance model to pre-event prevention. Strengthen the monitoring, forecasting, and early warning of meteorological, hydrological, and geological disasters, improve the ability to prevent, mitigate, and relieve disasters and handle major public emergencies, and strengthen emergency command, production safety, food and drug safety, and other work. Improve the inherent safety level of important infrastructure and effectively curb major and extraordinarily serious accidents. Deepen the construction of the overall prevention and control system and capacity for social security, implement the responsibility for maintaining social stability, develop and strengthen the forces of mass prevention and mass governance, improve the normalized mechanism for combating organized crime and evil, and increase the efforts to prevent and combat telecommunications network fraud, drug crimes, and the like. Promote the standardized construction of comprehensive governance centers. Deepen the comprehensive governance of cyberspace security and strengthen the protection of personal information. Strengthen the prevention and governance of illegal and criminal activities by minors. Comprehensively and accurately implement the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity, punish illegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law, and improve the quality and efficiency of criminal execution.
(52) Improve the social governance system. Adhere to systematic governance, law-based governance, comprehensive governance, and source governance, improve the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, and promote the modernization of social governance. Improve the social work system and mechanism, and improve the social governance policy and legal and regulatory system. Strengthen the Party building of new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups. Strengthen the cultivation and management of social organizations, and promote the reform and development of industry associations and chambers of commerce. Strengthen Party building to lead grassroots governance and grassroots political power construction, comprehensively implement the list of responsibilities of townships (streets), and improve the access system for village (community) work matters. Adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) of the new era, strengthen rural governance, and improve community governance. Give play to the main role of the people and guide all parties to participate in social governance in an orderly manner. Promote online and offline collaborative governance. Strengthen the allocation of grassroots service management forces and improve service facilities and funding guarantee mechanisms. Give play to the role of citizen conventions and village rules, strengthen family education and family style construction, promote changing customs and habits, and effectively govern bad habits in weddings and funerals and other issues.
Improve the working mechanism for uniting and serving the masses and consolidate the mass foundation of social governance. Strengthen ideological and political leadership, improve the service management of various social groups, improve the system for coordinating interests and protecting legitimate rights and interests, and care for and care for the difficulties and vulnerable groups. Improve the social psychological service system and crisis intervention mechanism. Strengthen the functions of public service platforms such as citizen hotlines and promote "the people have calls, and I have responses." Develop volunteer services and strengthen the management of volunteer service organizations. Promote the rule of law in handling letters and visits. Deeply promote the source resolution, diversified resolution, and orderly resolution of contradictions and disputes. Strengthen the construction of the social worker team and improve the level of professional services.
XIV. Achieving the Centenary Goal of the People's Liberation Army as Scheduled and Promoting the Modernization of National Defense and the Military with High Quality
Consolidating national defense and building a strong military is a strategic support for Chinese-style modernization. Implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) thinking on strengthening the military, implement the military strategic policy of the new era, adhere to the Party's absolute leadership over the people's army, implement the chairman responsibility system of the Central Military Commission (中央军事委员会), follow the new "three-step" strategy for the modernization of national defense and the military, promote political building of the military, strengthening the military through reform, strengthening the military through science and technology, strengthening the military through talent, and strengthening the military in accordance with the law, fighting, preparing for war, and building simultaneously, accelerating the integrated development of mechanization, informatization, and intelligentization, and improving the strategic ability to defend national sovereignty, security, and development interests.
(53) Accelerate the construction of advanced combat capabilities. Expand strategic deterrence forces and maintain global strategic balance and stability. Promote the scaled, combat-oriented, and systematic development of new domain and new quality combat forces, accelerate the construction of unmanned intelligent combat forces and counter-capabilities, and strengthen the upgrading and transformation of traditional combat forces. Coordinate the construction and application of network information systems, strengthen the development and utilization of data resources, and build an intelligent military system. Accelerate the construction of modern logistics. Implement major national defense development projects, step up national defense science and technology innovation and advanced technology transformation, and accelerate the development of advanced weapons and equipment. Optimize military human resource policies and systems, improve the level of running schools and educating people in military academies, and build a high-quality, professional, and new-type military talent team. Implement the modernization promotion project of military theory. Deepen strategic and operational planning, solidly promote combat-oriented military training, strengthen the integration of combat capability systems, innovate the construction and application model of combat capabilities, and enhance the military struggle's pertinence, initiative, and shaping power.
(54) Promote the modernization of military governance. Improve the leadership and management system and mechanism of the People's Liberation Army, and adjust and optimize the joint operations system. Strengthen and improve strategic management, deepen the coordination of war preparation and construction, strengthen the traction of operational needs, innovate management methods and means, and improve the operational efficiency of the military system and the efficiency of national defense resource utilization. Strengthen major decision-making consultation and evaluation and supervision of major projects, promote the reform of military expenditure budget management, improve the military procurement system, improve the statistical evaluation system for military construction, comprehensively implement the policy of building the military diligently and thriftily, and take the road of high efficiency, low cost, and sustainable development. Continue to deepen political rectification, promote fine traditions, and strengthen rectification and governance in key industries and fields. Deeply promote the construction of the rule of law in the military, strengthen the supply and execution supervision of laws and regulations, and improve the military rule of law system with Chinese characteristics.
(55) Consolidate and improve the integrated national strategic system and capacity. Deepen cross-military and local reforms, and build a cross-military and local work pattern with clear division of responsibilities, close cooperation, standardization, and order. Accelerate the construction of strategic capabilities in emerging fields, and promote the efficient integration and two-way traction of new quality productive forces and new quality combat forces. Build an advanced national defense science and technology industry system, optimize the layout of the national defense science and technology industry, and promote the generalization of military and civilian standards. Strengthen the reporting of military needs for national defense construction and military-local docking, promote the comprehensive implementation of national defense requirements in major infrastructure, and strengthen national defense strategic prefabrication. Accelerate the construction of national defense mobilization capabilities, strengthen the construction of reserve forces, strengthen the construction of modern border, sea, and air defense, and promote the joint efforts of the Party, government, military, police, and people to strengthen the border and consolidate the defense. Deepen national defense education for all people and consolidate the unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.
XV. The Whole Party, the Whole Country, and All Ethnic Groups Unite to Strive to Achieve the "15th Five-Year Plan"
Adhering to and strengthening the Party's overall leadership is the fundamental guarantee for promoting Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to leading social revolution with the Party's self-revolution, unswervingly promote the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, enhance the Party's political leadership, ideological guidance, mass organization, and social appeal, improve the Party's ability and level to lead economic and social development, and gather mighty strength for promoting Chinese-style modernization.
(56) Adhere to and strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. Improve the implementation mechanism of major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee to ensure smooth flow from top to bottom and effective execution. Continue to unify thoughts, unify will, and unify actions with the Party's innovative theories. Develop intra-Party democracy, improve and implement democratic centralism, and adhere to scientific decision-making, democratic decision-making, and law-based decision-making. Adhere to the correct employment orientation, adhere to putting political standards first, establish and practice the correct view of performance, improve the cadre assessment and evaluation mechanism, adjust cadres who are incompetent in their current positions, and promote the normalization of cadres being able to be promoted or demoted. Strengthen education and training and practical exercises to improve the ability of the cadre team to build modernization. Combine strict management with love, and combine incentives with constraints to stimulate the internal motivation and overall vitality of the cadre team. Coordinate the promotion of grassroots Party organization construction in various fields, enhance the political function and organizational function of Party organizations, and give play to the exemplary role of Party members. Unremittingly implement the eight-point decision of the Central Committee (中央八项规定精神), resolutely curb all kinds of unhealthy trends, and promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction. Deeply carry out the work of rectifying formalism and reducing burdens for the grassroots. Improve the Party and state supervision system and strengthen the standardization and supervision of power allocation and operation. Maintain the soberness and determination that anti-corruption is always on the road, promote the "three no's" (不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐 - "no daring to be corrupt, no way to be corrupt, no desire to be corrupt") in an integrated manner, and resolutely fight the tough battle, protracted battle, and overall battle against corruption. Create a clean and upright political ecology.
(57) Promote socialist democracy and the rule of law. Unswervingly follow the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, develop whole-process people's democracy, and improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. Adhere to, improve, and operate the people's congress system well, ensure that state organs exercise their powers and perform their duties in accordance with the law, and ensure that the people's democratic rights and legitimate rights and interests are maintained and realized. Adhere to and improve the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, give play to the role of the People's Political Consultative Conference (人民政协) as a specialized consultative body, strengthen the coordinated cooperation of various consultative channels, and promote the extensive, multi-layered, and institutionalized development of consultative democracy. Improve the grassroots democratic system and ensure that the people manage grassroots public affairs and public welfare undertakings in accordance with the law. Improve the working mechanism for absorbing public opinion and gathering public wisdom. Give better play to the role of trade unions, the Communist Youth League, the Women's Federation, and other mass organizations, and strengthen policy guarantees for the construction of the industrial workers' team, the development of youth, and the development of women and children's undertakings. Promote the comprehensive development of human rights. Improve the overall pattern of the united front and consolidate and develop the broadest patriotic united front. Forge a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and promote the construction of the Chinese national community. Adhere to the direction of Sinicization of religion in China and strengthen the rule of law in the governance of religious affairs. Comprehensively implement the Party's overseas Chinese affairs policy and better gather the hearts and strengths of overseas Chinese.
Adhere to comprehensively governing the country according to law, and coordinate the promotion of scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding. Strengthen the implementation and supervision of the Constitution and laws, and improve the institutional mechanism for maintaining the unity of the national rule of law. Strengthen legislative planning and legislative review and improve the quality of legislation. Strengthen the construction of a government under the rule of law, fully implement the record review of administrative normative documents, and improve the mechanism for substantially resolving administrative disputes. Promote the construction of a digital platform for political and legal work, and strengthen cross-departmental law enforcement and judicial coordination and supervision. Standardize the operation of judicial power, improve the realization and evaluation mechanism of judicial justice, and improve the fairness, stability, and authority of judicial judgments. Strengthen prosecutorial supervision and strengthen public interest litigation. Protect personal rights, property rights, and personality rights in accordance with the law, improve the long-term mechanism for regulating law enforcement involving enterprises, and prevent and correct illegal off-site law enforcement and profit-seeking law enforcement. Improve the national enforcement system and effectively solve the problem of "difficulty in enforcement." Accelerate the construction of a foreign-related legal system and capacity, and improve international commercial mediation, arbitration, litigation, and other mechanisms. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of leading cadres in handling affairs in accordance with the law, and improve the comprehensive rule of law evaluation mechanism. Promote the construction of a society under the rule of law and create a good environment in which the whole society advocates the rule of law, abides by rules, respects contracts, and maintains fairness.
(58) Promote the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macau. Unswervingly implement the principles of "One Country, Two Systems," "Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong," "Macau people governing Macau," and a high degree of autonomy, implement the principle of "patriots governing Hong Kong" (爱国者治港) and "patriots governing Macau" (爱国者治澳), enhance the effectiveness of governance in Hong Kong and Macau in accordance with the law, and promote the economic and social development of Hong Kong and Macau. Support Hong Kong and Macau in better integrating into and serving the overall national development, strengthen economic, trade, scientific, technological, and cultural cooperation between Hong Kong and Macau and the mainland, and improve policies and measures to facilitate the development and life of Hong Kong and Macau residents in the mainland. Give full play to the unique advantages and important roles of Hong Kong and Macau, which are backed by the motherland and connected to the world, consolidate and enhance Hong Kong's status as an international financial, shipping, and trade center, support Hong Kong in building an international innovation and technology center, continuously highlight Macau's role as "one center, one platform, and one base," promote Macau's moderately diversified economic development, and support Hong Kong and Macau in building highlands for gathering international high-end talents.
(59) Promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations and advance the great cause of national reunification. Thoroughly implement the Party's overall strategy for resolving the Taiwan issue in the new era, resolutely combat "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, oppose interference by external forces, safeguard peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait, and firmly grasp the initiative and dominance in cross-strait relations. Deepen cross-strait exchanges and cooperation, and jointly inherit and promote Chinese culture. Promote the construction of cross-strait integrated development demonstration zones with high quality, strengthen industrial cooperation, and promote cross-strait economic cooperation. Implement policies that allow Taiwan compatriots to enjoy the same treatment, create better conditions for Taiwan compatriots to study, work, and live in the mainland, and enhance the well-being of compatriots on both sides of the strait.
(60) Promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Advocate an equal and orderly world multi-polarization and an inclusive economic globalization that benefits all, expand the network of global partnerships, and promote the building of a new type of international relations. Deepen the integration of surrounding development, strengthen common security, consolidate strategic mutual trust, and build a community with a shared future in the neighborhood. Maintain the overall stability of major-country relations, deepen solidarity and cooperation with developing countries, implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative, and guide the international order to develop in a more just and reasonable direction. Support the Global South in uniting for self-improvement, increase foreign aid, and provide more international public goods. Resolutely oppose hegemonic, domineering, and bullying acts, safeguard international fairness and justice, and safeguard the common interests of the people of all countries. Promote the common values of all mankind, promote the building of a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness and inclusiveness, and cleanliness and beauty, and make Chinese contributions to building a community with a shared future for mankind.
(61) Fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of the entire society to devote itself to the construction of Chinese-style modernization. In accordance with the spirit of this plenary session, formulate national and local "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" outlines and special plans, etc., to form a national planning system with accurate positioning, clear boundaries, complementary functions, and unified connection. Strengthen the monitoring, evaluation, and supervision of the implementation of the plan, improve the policy coordination and work coordination mechanism, and ensure that the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee (党中央) are implemented. Implement the policy of respecting labor, respecting knowledge, respecting talent, and respecting creation, stimulate the vitality of the entire society to start businesses, innovate, and create, and form a vivid situation in which everyone can give full play to their talents, make the best use of their talents, and work together with one heart and one mind.
The entire Party, the entire army, and the people of all ethnic groups across the country must unite more closely around the Party Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and work together to basically realize socialist modernization, and constantly create a new situation in which Chinese-style modernization comprehensively promotes the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
(Xinhua News Agency (新华社), Beijing (北京), October 28)
Return to TopBy: 本报评论员
The common prosperity of all people is an essential characteristic of Chinese-style modernization. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) adhered to the people-centered development philosophy, firmly grasped the goal of common prosperity, and made strategic deployments around increasing efforts to guarantee and improve people's livelihoods and steadily promoting the common prosperity of all people, inspiring and motivating hundreds of millions of people to 踔厉奋发 (chuō lì fèn fā - "exert oneself vigorously," to strive forward with vigor) on the new journey and unremittingly strive to create a happier and better life.
Making people's lives happy is "a matter of national importance" ("国之大者"), and the fundamental purpose of all the struggles our Party has united and led the people in is to enable the people to live a good life. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的十八大), the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has adhered to its original aspiration, considered issues from the people's standpoint, promoted coordinated regional development, taken effective measures to guarantee and improve people's livelihoods, won the largest battle against poverty in human history, and comprehensively built a moderately prosperous society in all respects, creating favorable conditions for promoting common prosperity.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, more than 12 million new urban jobs were added annually, the average life expectancy reached 79 years, direct settlement of cross-provincial medical expenses benefited 560 million people, and the gross enrollment rate in preschool education reached 92%... Taking benefiting the people as the fundamental value orientation, steadily improving the level of people's livelihood security in development, and making the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security more substantial, more secure, and more sustainable. Having personally experienced the changes in China in the new era, a foreign friend commented: The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) does practical things for the people and leads all the people to common prosperity with practical actions.
Achieving common prosperity is a process of dynamic development, and it must be persistent and 久久为功 (jiǔ jiǔ wéi gōng - "achieve success through persistent efforts," persistent efforts will surely lead to success). The Plenary Session highlighted in its guiding ideology that common prosperity for all people has taken solid steps, which is an overall requirement for guiding economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. It is clear that the fundamental purpose is to meet the people's growing needs for a better life, that adhering to the people first is an important principle that must be followed, and that the continuous improvement of the quality of people's lives is one of the main goals. The Plenary Session deployed a number of policies and measures with strong balance and accessibility around the issues of employment, income, education, social security, housing, medical care, elderly care, and childcare that the masses are concerned about; focusing on narrowing regional gaps and urban-rural differences, a number of practical measures were deployed in accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, steadily promoting the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, optimizing the regional economic layout, and promoting coordinated regional development; focusing on promoting the common prosperity of people's spiritual life, clear requirements were put forward for stimulating the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation and prospering and developing socialist culture.
Urban-rural integrated development is an inherent requirement for meeting the people's yearning for a better life and promoting common prosperity. Here, it is taken as an example for further analysis.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized, "We must build both prosperous cities and prosperous rural areas in our comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country." During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, from taking the experience of learning and applying the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project ("千万工程") as a guide to steadily and powerfully promoting the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, to the "Four Good Rural Roads" ("四好农村路") paving the way for the people's prosperity, happiness, unity, and revitalization at their doorsteps, the integration of urban and rural infrastructure and the equalization of public services in our country have been deeply promoted, the flow of urban and rural factors has become smoother and more efficient, and the income growth of rural residents has been faster than that of urban residents for many consecutive years. In 2024, the ratio of urban to rural residents' income decreased by 0.22 compared to 2020. Practice has powerfully proven that promoting the formation of a new type of worker-peasant and urban-rural relationship featuring mutual promotion between industry and agriculture, urban-rural complementarity, coordinated development, and common prosperity can only be achieved under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and our socialist system.
Strengthening the county's (县域) wealth-generating industries is an inevitable requirement for coordinating the promotion of new urbanization and the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas, and it is of overall, fundamental, and strategic significance for promoting urban-rural integrated development and promoting common prosperity. In Anji (安吉), Zhejiang (浙江), a leaf has enriched the people, promoting the integrated development of agriculture, culture, and tourism, and moving from "beautiful scenery" to "a better life"; in Yan'an (延安), Shaanxi (陕西), the construction of a "high-quality apple development pioneer zone" relies on technological innovation to expand the industrial chain and value chain, making red apples "prosperity fruits" and "happiness fruits." Taking the solution of the "San Nong" (三农) issues (agriculture, rural areas, and farmers) as the top priority of the Party's work, developing county wealth-generating industries with obvious comparative advantages, strong driving capabilities, and large employment capacity, improving the comprehensive production capacity and quality and efficiency of agriculture, and improving the effectiveness of policies to strengthen agriculture, benefit agriculture, and enrich agriculture will surely lead the vast number of farmers to jointly move towards the bright future of Chinese-style modernization.
The essence of modernization is the modernization of people, and the ultimate goal is to achieve the free and all-round development of people. To implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会), always share weal and woe with the people, be of one heart and one mind with the people, think what the people think, do what the people entrust, guarantee and improve people's livelihood in development, and promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people to take solid steps, we will surely be able to create new historical achievements on the new journey.
Return to TopThe Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) made top-level designs and strategic plans for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, clarifying the direction and path for the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups across the country to continuously advance the grand cause of Chinese-style modernization.
In recent days, cadres and the masses in various regions have deeply studied and implemented the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会). Everyone has expressed that they will unify their thoughts and actions with the various decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, maintain strategic focus, strengthen their confidence in victory, seize the day and be proactive, turn the blueprint for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period depicted by the Plenary Session into reality, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically achieving socialist modernization.
Extraordinary Achievements Inspire Confidence
As the first rays of dawn appear, the Pearl River Estuary (珠江口) glistens, and traffic flows like shuttles on the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge (深中通道). During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the comprehensive strength of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) reached a new level, with its economic aggregate exceeding 14 trillion yuan.
The Plenary Session highly praised the significant achievements made in China's development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. Zhu Wei (朱伟), Executive Deputy Director of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Office (广东省大湾区办), felt this deeply.
"Building the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) is a major national strategy personally planned, personally deployed, and personally promoted by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平)," Zhu Wei (朱伟) said. From infrastructure "hard connectivity" to rule alignment and industrial synergy, the high-quality development of the Greater Bay Area (大湾区) is advancing steadily, which is an epitome of the historic changes in the cause of the Party and the country. Practice has fully proven that the fundamental reason for the achievements is the leadership and direction of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想).
Thousands of miles away, in the fields of the Jiaxing Modern Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative (嘉兴现代农机专业合作社) in Aihui District (爱辉区), Heihe City (黑河市), Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省), harvesters are collecting the new season's corn. "Just as the Plenary Session mentioned 'effectively responding to a series of major risks and challenges,' our bumper harvest was 'seized' in response to one challenge after another," said Gai Yongfeng (盖永峰), Director of the cooperative. Every Central No. 1 Document (中央一号文件) in the past five years has placed food security as the top priority, and the state has introduced a series of policies to help, benefit, and enrich farmers. If we follow the Party, the "Chinese rice bowl" will become more and more secure, and our lives will get better and better.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's development experienced the dangers of wading through shoals, the difficulties of climbing slopes, and the challenges of tackling tough problems, fully demonstrating the courage and wisdom of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core in leading the giant ship of China through turbulent waves.
After carefully studying the Plenary Session Communiqué, Ding Qichao (丁琪超), Director of the Jiufeng Mountain Laboratory (九峰山实验室) in Hubei (湖北), felt particularly deeply about "overcoming difficulties, fighting risks, and meeting challenges with a spirit of historical initiative." Faced with a complex external environment and fierce technological competition, the laboratory has achieved breakthroughs in the localization of key materials. "We have jointly targeted national needs with relevant institutions to carry out operations according to a roadmap," he said. The breakthroughs in technology demonstrate the institutional advantages of concentrating efforts to accomplish major tasks. It is precisely through continuous advancement and joint efforts that China's technological level and the independent and controllable capabilities of its industrial chain have been significantly improved.
Madoi County (玛多县), Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (果洛藏族自治州), Qinghai Province (青海省), located at the source of the Yellow River (黄河), once suffered ecological degradation due to climate change and overgrazing. Now, the grasslands are lush and the lakes are like stars.
Witnessing the changes in the ecology of his hometown, Jia Yang Duojie (加羊多杰), a cadre in the Yellow River Township (黄河乡) of Madoi County (玛多县), has a more intuitive understanding of the "complete, accurate, and comprehensive implementation of the new development concept" proposed by the Plenary Session: "The Party and the state care about the mountains, rivers, and lakes of our hometown. This time, it was mentioned again to accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. We must continue to work generation after generation to protect the 'Water Tower of China' (中华水塔) and make green waters and green mountains our advantage and pride forever."
After the Plenary Session Communiqué was issued, the Chongqing High-tech Zone Management Committee (重庆高新区管委会) in the Western Science City (西部科学城) immediately organized discussions and studies. Superimposed with national strategic opportunities such as the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle (成渝地区双城经济圈) and the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor (西部陆海新通道), this place has gradually transformed into a highland for western development. "The achievements have not come easily and need to be cherished and built upon," said Nie Hongyan (聂红焰), Director of the Chongqing High-tech Zone Management Committee (重庆高新区管委会) in the Western Science City (西部科学城), who has more expectations for the future. "We will understand the important spirit of the Plenary Session, promote the cross-regional layout of advantageous industries such as integrated circuits, accelerate the development of an open economy with greater reform efforts, and provide strong impetus for building a new development pattern."
Key Plans Guide a Magnificent Journey
On the basis of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035 requires the implementation of the "14th Five-Year Plan," "15th Five-Year Plan," and "16th Five-Year Plan." General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out the great significance of continuous struggle, clarifying that the "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for consolidating the foundation and fully exerting efforts.
"The Plenary Session profoundly elucidated the historical orientation of China's development, deeply analyzed the internal and external situation facing it, and drew a blueprint for development in the next five years, which is highly ideological, strategic, and guiding," said Lai Hong (赖宏), a professor in the Teaching and Research Department of the China Jinggangshan Cadre College (中国井冈山干部学院). In a critical period of linking the past and the future, it is necessary to more deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments" (两个确立) and more firmly achieve the "Two Safeguards" (两个维护), maintain strategic clarity, grasp key tasks, and steadily advance Chinese-style modernization.
On the coast of the East China Sea (东海), the coastline of Ningbo Zhoushan Port (宁波舟山港) in Zhejiang (浙江) is full of 10,000-ton giant ships, a scene of bustling activity.
The Plenary Session identified promoting high-quality development as the theme of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period and required "adhering to economic construction as the center," which filled Tao Chengbo (陶成波), Chairman of Zhejiang Seaport Group (浙江省海港集团) and Ningbo Zhoushan Port Group (宁波舟山港集团), with enthusiasm. "As the world's largest port in terms of annual cargo throughput for 16 consecutive years, we feel a great responsibility," he said. Ningbo Zhoushan Port (宁波舟山港) will continue to aim at the goal of "striving to build a world-class strong port," create a modern logistics supply chain covering the globe and connecting the inland, and serve high-quality development with high-quality port construction.
The next five years are a critical period for building a strong country in science and technology. The Plenary Session listed "a significant increase in the level of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology" as one of the main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, which made Zhang Jihong (张继红), Director of the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission and Administrative Commission of Zhongguancun (北京市科委、中关村管委会), feel a heavy responsibility: "General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) especially emphasized the need to seize this window of opportunity. Zhongguancun (中关村) must combine the work deployment of building an international science and technology innovation center, intensify the implementation of leading actions in basic research and tackling key core technologies, and accelerate the construction of a world-leading science and technology park."
In Zhaoxing Dong Village (肇兴侗寨) in Liping County (黎平县), Guizhou Province (贵州省), the "Dongpin Yuan" (侗品源) intangible cultural heritage workshop is filled with the fragrance of indigo, and Lu Yongmei (陆勇妹), the head of the workshop, is showing tourists the traditional indigo dyeing techniques.
China's outstanding traditional culture provides rich nourishment for Chinese-style modernization. The Plenary Session proposed a series of goals and tasks such as "stimulating the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation," which made Lu Yongmei (陆勇妹) more determined in the direction of progress: "In the future, we will open more intangible cultural heritage classes, organize skills training for artisans, and promote ancient techniques into people's lives, contributing our strength to showcasing the charm of Chinese culture."
The Plenary Session took "adhering to the overall planning of development and security" as one of the principles that must be followed in economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and made important deployments such as "building a higher level of Safe China (平安中国)."
Currently, the Jinfeng District People's Court (金凤区人民法院) in Yinchuan City (银川市), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (宁夏回族自治区), is carrying out a "Autumn Harvest Action" (秋收行动) to concentrate on enforcement activities, safeguard judicial authority with enforcement results, and respond to the expectations of the masses. Combining the spirit of the Plenary Session with his own work, Ma Junping (马君平), Vice President of the Jinfeng District People's Court (金凤区人民法院), said that he will ensure that case judgments are fair, efficient, and enforced in a standardized and powerful manner with a stronger sense of responsibility and more practical measures, contributing the strength of the court to building a higher level of Safe China (平安中国).
Opening Up a New Situation with Pragmatic Work
The great way is simple, and pragmatic work is essential. To ensure that goals and tasks are implemented effectively and transformed into reality, the key lies in continuous struggle and pragmatic work.
"General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made strategic guidance on the comprehensive, scientific, and accurate implementation of the spirit of the Plenary Session, clarifying that all regions and departments should adhere to a systematic concept, consciously act under the overall situation, and play a good game of 'the whole country as one chessboard' (全国一盘棋)," said Wang Junping (王军平), Deputy Director of the Xi'an Development and Reform Commission (西安市发展和改革委员会) in Shaanxi Province (陕西省). He said that he will take the spirit of the Plenary Session as a guide, plan for the future of Xi'an (西安) around the core functional positioning of "western economic center, science and technology innovation center, advanced manufacturing base, center for foreign exchanges, and international tourism destination," closely combine serving national strategies with promoting Xi'an's (西安) development and radiating and driving the northwest, and accelerate the preparation of local plans.
"Building a modern industrial system and consolidating and strengthening the foundation of the real economy" is placed at the top of the strategic tasks of the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal, which has made Wang Xinying (王新莹), Chairman of Luoyang Bearing Group Co., Ltd. (洛阳轴承集团股份有限公司), more determined to deeply cultivate the real economy: "We will fully grasp the implementation of the spirit of the Plenary Session, accelerate the construction of intelligent production lines for high-energy-level bearings such as offshore wind power, intensify efforts to tackle key core technologies of high-end bearings, and stand up the backbone of the national bearing industry."
In the late autumn season, the facility greenhouses in Mazhan Village (马站村), Dangzhai Town (党寨镇), Ganzhou District (甘州区), Zhangye City (张掖市), Gansu Province (甘肃省) are full of greenery, and organic vegetables such as cabbage are growing well. This year, the village's organic vegetable sales revenue is expected to exceed 50 million yuan.
"The Plenary Session proposed to improve the comprehensive production capacity and quality and efficiency of agriculture. For us, it means making the village's 'local specialties' grow well and sell well," said Ma Zhaocun (马兆存), Secretary of the General Party Branch of Mazhan Village (马站村). The current organic vegetable seedling base has been put into operation, and in the next step, we will continue to promote docking with enterprises, make the characteristic industry bigger, and drive villagers to increase their income and become rich.
The Plenary Session proposed "fully stimulating the vitality of various business entities," which made Lu Zhaode (卢照德), General Manager of Anhui Wan'an Auto Parts Co., Ltd. (安徽万安汽车零部件有限公司), more at ease in starting a business: "From tax and fee reductions to the collaborative guarantee of the industrial chain, the state and local governments have given strong support. We must invest all policy dividends in innovation, focus on lightweight technology, and continue to tackle new materials, contributing the strength of private enterprises to the development of the new energy vehicle industry."
In the great northwest of the motherland, the Guyuan Lane Community (固原巷社区) of Erdaoqiao Street (二道桥街道), Tianshan District (天山区), Urumqi City (乌鲁木齐市), Xinjiang (新疆) organized staff and veteran Party members to study the spirit of the Plenary Session as soon as possible. Zhang Yaowen (张耀文), Secretary of the General Party Branch of the community, said that we deeply feel that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) and the Party Central Committee always care about the people and listen to the grassroots, with a people-centered sentiment and pragmatic style. We will implement the requirements of the Plenary Session to "strengthen inclusive, basic, and bottom-line livelihood construction," focus on optimizing day care and after-school services for the elderly and children, promote the improvement of infrastructure in old residential areas, and fulfill the "happiness list" of the masses with practical actions.
The more effective the Party's governance, the stronger the guarantee for economic and social development. Deeply studying and understanding the spirit of the Plenary Session, Zhang Jun (张军), Secretary of the Disciplinary Committee of the Ijin Horo Banner (伊金霍洛旗) in Ordos City (鄂尔多斯市), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), said that the grassroots level is the "last mile" of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party. As a discipline inspection and supervision agency, we must always maintain the sobriety and firmness of "taking the exam," unswervingly investigate and deal with corruption and style problems around the masses, resolutely implement the requirements of the Party's self-revolution, and provide a strong guarantee for achieving the goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 28 (新华社北京10月28日电) Xinhua News Agency Reporter (新华社记者))
Return to TopThe Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) deeply analyzed the international and domestic situation and put forward the following suggestions on formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" for national economic and social development.
I. The "15th Five-Year Plan" Period Is a Critical Period for Basically Realizing Socialist Modernization
(1) China's development has made significant achievements during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. The development course of China (中国) during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period was extremely unusual and extraordinary. Facing the complex and volatile international situation and the arduous and heavy domestic reform, development, and stability tasks, the CPC Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core united and led the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country, overcame difficulties, forged ahead, withstood the severe impact of the century-long pandemic, effectively responded to a series of major risks and challenges, and promoted new major achievements in the cause of the Party and the country. The economy operated steadily and made progress, and high-quality development was steadily advanced; fruitful results were achieved in scientific and technological innovation, and new quality productive forces developed steadily; comprehensive deepening of reform was further advanced, and high-level opening up to the outside world was continuously expanded; whole-process people's democracy was deeply developed, and the rule of law was effectively implemented in all respects; cultural undertakings and cultural industries flourished, and spiritual and cultural products were rich and colorful; people's livelihood was solidly and firmly guaranteed, and the achievements in poverty alleviation were consolidated and expanded; the pace of green and low-carbon transition was accelerated, and the quality of the ecological environment continued to improve; national security capabilities were effectively enhanced, social governance effectiveness was enhanced, and the overall social situation remained stable; major progress was made in national defense and military construction; the practice of "one country, two systems" was deeply advanced; China's (中国) characteristic major-country diplomacy was comprehensively expanded; comprehensive and strict Party governance achieved remarkable results, the anti-corruption struggle was advanced in depth, and the Party's creativity, cohesion, and combat effectiveness were significantly improved. China's (中国) economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and comprehensive national strength have reached a new level, Chinese-style modernization has taken new solid steps, and a good start has been made in the new journey toward the second centenary goal. The fundamental reason for achieving these major achievements lies in the leadership and steering of the CPC Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and in the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想).
(2) The "15th Five-Year Plan" period has an important position of linking the past and opening up the future in the process of basically realizing socialist modernization. Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of step-by-step progress and continuous development, which requires unremitting efforts and continuous struggle. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a critical period for consolidating the foundation and fully exerting efforts to basically realize socialist modernization. It is necessary to consolidate and expand advantages, break through bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weaknesses and shortcomings, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and lay a more solid foundation for basically realizing socialist modernization.
(3) China's (中国) development environment will face profound and complex changes during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. Relations between major countries affect the international situation, and changes in the international situation profoundly affect domestic development. China's (中国) development is in a period where strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertain and unpredictable factors are increasing. From an international perspective, the world is undergoing accelerated changes unseen in a century, the international balance of power is undergoing profound adjustments, and a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is accelerating breakthroughs. China (中国) has many favorable factors to actively manage international space and shape the external environment. At the same time, the world is intertwined with changes and chaos, and turbulence is intensifying, and geopolitical conflicts are prone to occur frequently; unilateralism and protectionism are rising, and hegemonism and power politics are threatening to rise, the international economic and trade order is facing severe challenges, and the momentum of world economic growth is insufficient; major-country games are becoming more complex and intense. From a domestic perspective, China's (中国) economic foundation is stable, has many advantages, is resilient, and has great potential. The supporting conditions and basic trends for long-term improvement have not changed. The advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the advantages of a super-large-scale market, the advantages of a complete industrial system, and the advantages of abundant human resources are even more prominent. At the same time, the problem of unbalanced and insufficient development is still prominent; there is insufficient effective demand, and there are blockages in the domestic circulation; the task of converting old and new driving forces is arduous; the modernization of agriculture and rural areas is relatively lagging; there is greater pressure on employment and residents' income growth, and there are shortcomings and weaknesses in people's livelihood security; changes in the population structure have posed new challenges to economic development and social governance; and there are still risks and hidden dangers in key areas.
Changes contain opportunities, and challenges inspire fighting spirit. The entire Party must deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," strengthen the "Four Consciousnesses," strengthen the "Four Confidences," and achieve the "Two Safeguards," maintain strategic focus, enhance confidence in victory, actively recognize changes, respond to changes, and seek changes, dare to struggle, be good at struggling, and be brave in facing major tests with high winds and rough waves or even stormy seas, overcome difficulties, fight risks, and meet challenges with a historical initiative spirit, concentrate our efforts on doing our own things well, continue to write new chapters in the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and strive to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
II. Guiding Principles and Main Goals of Economic and Social Development During the "15th Five-Year Plan" Period
(4) Guiding ideology for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. We must adhere to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought (毛泽东思想), Deng Xiaoping Theory (邓小平理论), the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development, fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想), thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and the plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee (中央委员会), focus on building a strong socialist modern country in all respects and achieving the second centenary goal, comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization, coordinate the overall layout of the "five-in-one," coordinate the strategic layout of the "four comprehensives," coordinate the overall domestic and international situations, fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, adhere to the general tone of seeking progress while maintaining stability, adhere to taking economic construction as the center, taking the promotion of high-quality development as the theme, taking reform and innovation as the fundamental driving force, taking the satisfaction of the people's growing needs for a better life as the fundamental purpose, and taking comprehensive and strict Party governance as the fundamental guarantee, promote the effective improvement of the quality and the reasonable growth of the quantity of the economy, promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people to take solid steps, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization.
(5) Principles that must be followed for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
——Adhere to the Party's overall leadership. Resolutely safeguard the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee (党中央), improve the Party's ability to grasp the direction, plan the overall situation, formulate policies, and promote reform, and run the Party's leadership through all aspects and the entire process of economic and social development, providing a fundamental guarantee for China's (中国) socialist modernization construction.
——Adhere to putting the people first. Respect the people's principal position, rely closely on the people, safeguard the people's fundamental interests, promote social fairness and justice, pay attention to guaranteeing and improving people's livelihood in development, expand development space in meeting people's livelihood needs, promote coordinated economic and social development, material and spiritual civilization complementing each other, and enable the achievements of modernization construction to benefit all the people more and more fairly.
——Adhere to high-quality development. Lead development with the new development concept, develop new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, strengthen the domestic circulation, smooth the domestic and international dual circulation, coordinate the expansion of domestic demand and the deepening of supply-side structural reform, accelerate the cultivation of new driving forces, promote the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure, optimize increments, revitalize stocks, and promote sustained and healthy economic development and comprehensive social progress.
——Adhere to comprehensively deepening reform. Focus on the institutional and mechanism obstacles that restrict high-quality development, promote deep-level reform, expand high-level opening up, promote the better adaptation of the relations of production and productive forces, the superstructure and the economic base, and national governance and social development, and continuously enhance development momentum and social vitality.
——Adhere to the combination of an effective market and a capable government. Give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, build a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, build a rule-of-law economy and a credit economy, create a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized, and form an economic order that is both "vibrant when released" and "well-managed."
——Adhere to coordinating development and security. Consolidate security in development, seek development in security, strengthen bottom-line thinking, effectively prevent and resolve various risks, enhance economic and social resilience, and guarantee a new development pattern with a new security pattern.
(6) Main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
——Significant achievements have been made in high-quality development. Economic growth will remain within a reasonable range, total factor productivity will steadily increase, the residents' consumption rate will significantly increase, the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth will continue to strengthen, the potential for economic growth will be fully released, the construction of a unified national market will be advanced in depth, the advantages of a super-large-scale market will continue to be demonstrated, major progress will be made in new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, and major breakthroughs will be made in developing new quality productive forces, building a new development pattern, and building a modern economic system.
——The level of scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement has been greatly improved. The overall effectiveness of the national innovation system has been significantly improved, the integrated development pattern of education, science and technology, and talent has been basically formed, the ability of basic research and original innovation has been significantly enhanced, key core technologies in key areas have been rapidly broken through, the number of areas running in parallel and leading has significantly increased, the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation has been achieved, and the driving role of innovation has been significantly enhanced.
——New breakthroughs have been made in further comprehensively deepening reform. The modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity has been deeply advanced, the socialist market economic system has been further improved, the high-level opening-up system and mechanism have been further improved, the level of institutionalization, standardization, and proceduralization of whole-process people's democracy has been further improved, and the construction of a socialist rule-of-law country has reached a higher level.
——The level of social civilization has been significantly improved. Cultural confidence has become more firm, mainstream ideology and public opinion have been continuously consolidated and strengthened, socialist core values have been widely practiced, the cultural innovation and creativity vitality of the entire nation has been continuously stimulated, the people's spiritual and cultural life has become richer, the cohesion of the Chinese nation and the influence of Chinese culture have been significantly enhanced, and the country's soft power has continued to increase.
——The quality of people's lives has been continuously improved. New progress has been made in high-quality and full employment, residents' income growth is synchronized with economic growth, labor remuneration is increased in sync with labor productivity, the distribution structure has been optimized, the middle-income group has continued to expand, the social security system has been further optimized and is more sustainable, and the level of equalization of basic public services has been significantly improved.
——New and major progress has been made in building a beautiful China (中国). Green production and lifestyles have been basically formed, the carbon peak target has been achieved as scheduled, a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient new energy system has been initially built, the total emissions of major pollutants have continued to decrease, and the diversity, stability, and sustainability of ecosystems have continued to improve.
——The national security barrier has been further consolidated. The national security system and capabilities have been further strengthened, risks in key areas have been effectively prevented and resolved, the level of social governance and public safety governance has been significantly improved, the centenary goal of army building has been achieved as scheduled, and the construction of a higher-level safe China (中国) has been steadily advanced.
On this basis, after another five years of struggle, by 2035, China's (中国) economic strength, scientific and technological strength, national defense strength, comprehensive national strength, and international influence will have greatly increased, per capita GDP will reach the level of moderately developed countries, people's lives will be happier and more beautiful, and socialist modernization will be basically realized.
III. Build a Modern Industrial System and Consolidate the Foundation of the Real Economy
A modern industrial system is the material and technological foundation of Chinese-style modernization. We must adhere to focusing on the real economy in developing the economy, adhere to the direction of intelligence, greening, and integration, accelerate the construction of a manufacturing power, a quality power, an aerospace power, a transportation power, and a network power, maintain a reasonable proportion of manufacturing, and build a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone.
(7) Optimize and upgrade traditional industries. Promote the quality and upgrading of key industries, and consolidate and enhance the position and competitiveness of industries such as mining, metallurgy, chemical industry, light industry, textile, machinery, shipbuilding, and construction in the global industrial division of labor. Enhance the level of independent control of the industrial chain, strengthen industrial base reconstruction and major technical equipment tackling, roll out the high-quality development action of the key industrial chain of manufacturing, and develop advanced manufacturing clusters. Promote technological transformation and upgrading, promote the digital and intelligent transformation of manufacturing, develop intelligent manufacturing, green manufacturing, and service-oriented manufacturing, and accelerate the transformation of industrial models and enterprise organizational forms. Enhance the ability of quality technology infrastructure, strengthen standard leadership, improve the level of internationalization, and strengthen brand building. Optimize the industrial layout and promote the orderly transfer of key industries in China (中国).
(8) Cultivate and strengthen emerging industries and future industries. Focus on building emerging pillar industries. Implement industrial innovation projects, promote the construction of innovation facilities, technology research and development, and product iteration and upgrading in an integrated manner, and accelerate the development of strategic emerging industry clusters such as new energy, new materials, aerospace, and low-altitude economy. Improve the industrial ecology, implement large-scale application demonstration actions for new technologies, new products, and new scenarios, and accelerate the large-scale development of emerging industries.
Proactively plan for future industries, explore diversified technology routes, typical application scenarios, feasible business models, and market supervision rules, and promote quantum technology, bio-manufacturing, hydrogen energy and nuclear fusion energy, brain-computer interfaces, embodied intelligence, and sixth-generation mobile communications to become new economic growth points. Innovate regulatory methods, develop venture capital, and establish a growth and risk-sharing mechanism for future industries. Promote the specialized and innovative development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and cultivate unicorn enterprises.
(9) Promote the high-quality and efficient development of the service industry. Implement the service industry capacity expansion and quality improvement action, expand the opening up of the service industry, deepen regulatory reform, improve the support policy system, expand high-quality business entities, promote the extension of productive service industries to specialization and the high end of the value chain by sector, and promote the high-quality, diversified, and convenient development of life service industries. Improve the level of integrated development of modern service industries with advanced manufacturing and modern agriculture, and promote the digital and intelligent transformation of service industries. Strengthen service standards and quality brand building. Improve the service industry statistical monitoring system.
(10) Build a modern infrastructure system. Strengthen the overall planning of infrastructure, optimize the layout structure, promote integration and integration, and enhance safety resilience and operational sustainability. Moderately advance the construction of new infrastructure, promote the construction and intensive and efficient utilization of information and communication networks, the national integrated computing power network, and major scientific and technological infrastructure, and promote the upgrading and digital and intelligent transformation of traditional infrastructure. Improve the modern comprehensive transportation system, strengthen cross-regional overall layout and cross-mode integrated connection, and strengthen coverage and access guarantees in weak areas. Improve a diversified and resilient international transportation channel system. Optimize the layout of energy backbone channels and accelerate the construction of new energy infrastructure. Accelerate the construction of a modern water network and enhance the ability to prevent floods and droughts, coordinate water resources allocation, and guarantee urban and rural water supply. Promote the construction of urban public infrastructure for both peacetime and emergency use.
IV. Accelerate High-Level Scientific and Technological Self-Reliance and Self-Improvement and Lead the Development of New Quality Productive Forces
Chinese-style modernization must rely on scientific and technological modernization for support. Seize the historical opportunities of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, coordinate the construction of a strong country in education, a strong country in science and technology, and a strong country in talent, improve the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system, comprehensively enhance independent innovation capabilities, seize the commanding heights of scientific and technological development, and continuously generate new quality productive forces.
(11) Strengthen original innovation and tackle key core technologies. Improve the new national system, take unconventional measures, and promote decisive breakthroughs in key core technologies in key areas such as integrated circuits, industrial mother machines, high-end instruments, basic software, advanced materials, and bio-manufacturing across the entire chain. Highlight national strategic needs and deploy and implement a number of national major science and technology tasks. Strengthen the strategic, forward-looking, and systematic layout of basic research, increase the proportion of investment in basic research, and increase long-term and stable support. Strengthen the original innovation orientation of scientific research and technological development, optimize the environment conducive to original and disruptive innovation, and produce more iconic original achievements.
(12) Promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. Coordinate the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces to enhance the ability to tackle key problems in a systematic manner. Strengthen the independent guarantee of scientific and technological infrastructure conditions, and coordinate the construction of scientific and technological innovation platform bases. Improve the regional innovation system, deploy and build regional science and technology innovation centers and industrial science and technology innovation highlands, and strengthen the source function of international science and technology innovation centers. Accelerate the efficient transformation and application of major scientific and technological achievements, deploy and build concept verification and pilot test platforms, increase the construction and opening up of application scenarios, and strengthen the protection and utilization of intellectual property rights. Create an open innovation ecosystem with global competitiveness. Support young scientific and technological talents in innovation and entrepreneurship. Strengthen the popularization of science and technology, cultivate an innovation culture, and promote the spirit of scientists. Strengthen the construction of science and technology rule of law, ethics, integrity, and security.
Strengthen the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, promote the concentration of innovation resources to enterprises, support enterprises to take the lead in forming innovation consortiums and undertake more national scientific and technological research tasks, encourage enterprises to increase investment in basic research, and promote the deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain. Cultivate and strengthen leading technology enterprises, support the development of high-tech enterprises and technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises, and increase the proportion of additional deductions for enterprise research and development expenses. Increase government procurement of independent innovation products.
(13) Promote the development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner. Establish and improve a coordinated mechanism for integrated promotion, strengthen planning coherence, policy coordination, resource integration, and evaluation linkage, promote the virtuous interaction between independent scientific and technological innovation and independent talent cultivation, and build education centers, science centers, and talent centers with global influence. Coordinate talent cultivation around scientific and technological innovation, industrial development, and national strategic needs, optimize the layout of universities, promote reform by category, coordinate the setting of disciplines, deeply promote the construction of "Double First-Class" universities and national interdisciplinary centers, strengthen the functions of scientific research institutions, innovation platforms, enterprises, and science and technology programs in gathering and cultivating talents, and cultivate top-notch innovative talents. Accelerate the construction of national strategic talent forces, and cultivate more strategic scientists, leading science and technology talents, outstanding engineers, master craftsmen, and highly skilled talents. Strengthen talent collaboration, optimize the talent structure, and promote coordinated regional development of talents. Take innovation ability, quality, effectiveness, and contribution as the evaluation orientation, deepen the reform of project review, institutional evaluation, talent evaluation, and income distribution, unblock the channels for talent exchange between universities, scientific research institutions, and enterprises, and stimulate the power and vitality of innovation and creation. Deepen international exchanges and cooperation, establish a high-tech talent immigration system, and attract and cultivate outstanding talents from around the world.
(14) Deeply promote the construction of Digital China. Improve the basic system of data elements, build an open, shared, and secure national integrated data market, and deepen the development and utilization of data resources. Promote the deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy, and implement the innovation and development project of the industrial Internet. Accelerate the innovation of digital intelligence technologies such as artificial intelligence, break through basic theories and core technologies, and strengthen the efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data. Comprehensively implement the "Artificial Intelligence+" action, use artificial intelligence to lead the paradigm shift of scientific research, strengthen the combination of artificial intelligence with industrial development, cultural construction, people's livelihood security, and social governance, seize the commanding heights of artificial intelligence industrial applications, and comprehensively empower thousands of industries. Strengthen the governance of artificial intelligence, improve relevant laws and regulations, policies and systems, application norms, and ethical guidelines. Improve supervision and promote the innovation and healthy development of the platform economy.
V. Build a strong domestic market and accelerate the construction of a new development pattern
A strong domestic market is the strategic support for Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to expanding domestic demand as the strategic base point, adhere to the close combination of benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, leading new supply with new demand, creating new demand with new supply, promoting the virtuous interaction between consumption and investment, supply and demand, and enhancing the endogenous power and reliability of the domestic cycle.
(15) Vigorously boost consumption. Deeply implement special actions to boost consumption. Coordinate the promotion of employment, increase income, stabilize expectations, reasonably increase the proportion of public service expenditure in fiscal expenditure, and enhance residents' consumption capacity. Expand the supply of high-quality consumer goods and services. Expand service consumption with relaxed access and business integration as the focus, strengthen brand leadership, standard upgrades, and new technology applications, promote the expansion and upgrading of commodity consumption, and create a number of new consumption scenarios with a wide driving range and high visibility. Cultivate international consumer center cities and expand inbound consumption. Increase the intensity of inclusive policies directly reaching consumers and increase government funds for people's livelihood security expenditures. Improve the system and mechanism for promoting consumption, clean up unreasonable restrictive measures on consumption such as automobiles and housing, establish and improve management methods adapted to new consumption formats, new models, and new scenarios, and implement paid staggered vacations. Strengthen consumer rights protection.
(16) Expand effective investment. Maintain reasonable investment growth and improve investment efficiency. Optimize the structure of government investment, increase the proportion of government investment in people's livelihood, and promote the implementation of major national strategies and the construction of security capacity projects in key areas with high quality. Adapt to changes in population structure and flow trends, improve the layout of infrastructure and public service facilities, and strengthen human resource development and investment in the comprehensive development of people. Coordinate the use of various types of government investment, and explore the preparation of full-caliber government investment plans in places with a good working foundation. Strengthen the whole process management of government investment. Deepen the reform of the investment approval system and further clarify the direction and focus of central and local investment. Strengthen planning and demonstration, and implement a number of major landmark projects. Improve the long-term mechanism for private enterprises to participate in the construction of major projects, give play to the guiding and driving role of government investment funds, stimulate the vitality of private investment, increase the proportion of private investment, and enhance the growth momentum of effective investment dominated by the market.
(17) Resolutely remove the blockages that hinder the construction of a unified national market. Unify the basic system rules of the market, improve the systems of property rights protection, market access, information disclosure, social credit, mergers and acquisitions, and market exit, eliminate barriers in terms of element acquisition, qualification recognition, bidding and tendering, and government procurement, standardize the economic promotion behavior of local governments, and eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation. Comprehensively rectify "involutionary" competition. Unify market supervision and law enforcement, strengthen quality supervision, improve the benchmark system for administrative discretion, strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition law enforcement and justice, and form a market order of high quality and good prices and benign competition. Improve the integrated circulation rules and standards, connect market facilities with high standards, and reduce logistics costs for the whole society. Improve the statistical, fiscal, tax, and assessment systems that are conducive to the construction of a unified national market, and optimize the sharing of benefits between corporate headquarters and branches, production locations and consumption locations.
VI. Accelerate the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system and enhance the driving force for high-quality development
A high-level socialist market economic system is an important guarantee for Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system, give better play to the leading role of economic system reform, improve the macroeconomic governance system, and ensure that high-quality development is stable and far-reaching.
(18) Fully stimulate the vitality of various business entities. Adhere to and implement the "two unwaverings" and promote the complementary advantages and common development of various ownership economies. Deepen the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises, strengthen, optimize, and expand state-owned enterprises and state-owned capital, promote the optimization of the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, enhance the core functions of state-owned enterprises, and enhance core competitiveness. Implement the Law on Promoting the Private Economy, and guarantee equal use of production factors, fair participation in market competition, and effective protection of legitimate rights and interests from the legal and institutional level, and develop and strengthen the private economy. Support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and individual businesses, and promote the coordinated and integrated development of large, medium, and small enterprises. Strengthen the enforcement and judicial protection of property rights, and strengthen judicial supervision of compulsory measures such as sealing up, detention, and freezing. Improve the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics, promote the spirit of entrepreneurs, and accelerate the construction of more world-class enterprises.
(19) Accelerate the improvement of the market-oriented allocation system and mechanism of factors. Promote the efficient allocation of various factor resources, and establish and improve a unified urban-rural construction land market, a fully functional capital market, a smoothly flowing labor market, and a highly efficient technology market. Prepare a macroeconomic balance sheet, comprehensively identify the stock of existing resources and assets, and optimize the asset-liability structure. Improve policies such as mergers and acquisitions, bankruptcy, and replacement, and revitalize inefficient land use, idle real estate, and existing infrastructure. Improve the laws and regulations on the renewal of industrial and commercial land use rights, and steadily promote the renewal work in accordance with the law. Promote the revitalization and sharing of existing state-owned assets of administrative institutions across the country. Promote the organic connection between judicial judgment enforcement and the bankruptcy system, and effectively revitalize the property that has been sealed up and frozen in accordance with the law.
(20) Enhance the effectiveness of macroeconomic governance. Strengthen the strategic guiding role of national development planning, strengthen the coordination of fiscal and monetary policies, give full play to the role of industrial, price, employment, consumption, investment, trade, regional, environmental protection, and regulatory policies, and promote the formation of more economic development models dominated by domestic demand, driven by consumption, and endogenous growth. Strengthen counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustments, implement more proactive macroeconomic policies, and continue to stabilize growth, employment, and expectations. Enhance the consistency of macroeconomic policy orientation, strengthen the evaluation of policy implementation effects, improve the expectation management mechanism, and optimize the comprehensive performance evaluation of high-quality development.
Give play to the role of proactive fiscal policy and enhance fiscal sustainability. Strengthen scientific fiscal management, strengthen the integration of fiscal resources and budgets, and strengthen the financial guarantee for major national strategic tasks and basic people's livelihood. Deepen the zero-based budgeting reform, unify budget allocation rights, optimize the structure of fiscal expenditure, and strengthen budget performance management. Improve the local tax and direct tax system, improve the tax policies for business income, capital income, and property income, standardize tax preferential policies, and maintain a reasonable level of macro tax burden. Appropriately strengthen the central government's authority and increase the proportion of central fiscal expenditure. Increase local independent financial resources. Strengthen financial and accounting supervision. Accelerate the construction of a long-term government debt management mechanism adapted to high-quality development.
Accelerate the construction of a financial powerhouse. Improve the central bank system, build a scientific and sound monetary policy system and a comprehensive macro-prudential management system, and unblock the monetary policy transmission mechanism. Vigorously develop science and technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance. Improve the institutional inclusiveness and adaptability of the capital market, and improve the capital market functions that coordinate investment and financing. Actively develop direct financing such as equity and bonds, and steadily develop futures, derivatives, and asset securitization. Optimize the financial institution system, and promote various financial institutions to focus on their main business, improve governance, and develop in a differentiated manner. Build a safe and efficient financial infrastructure. Steadily develop the digital RMB. Accelerate the construction of the Shanghai International Financial Center (上海国际金融中心). Comprehensively strengthen financial supervision, strengthen central and local regulatory coordination, enrich risk disposal resources and means, build a risk prevention and resolution system, and ensure the sound operation of finance.
VII. Expand high-level opening to the outside world and create a new situation of cooperation and win-win
Adhering to opening up and cooperation and mutual benefit and win-win is the inevitable requirement of Chinese-style modernization. Steadily expand institutional opening up, maintain the multilateral trading system, expand international circulation, promote reform and development through opening up, and share opportunities and common development with countries around the world.
(21) Actively expand independent opening up. Connect with international high-standard economic and trade rules, expand market access and opening fields with the service industry as the focus, and expand unilateral opening fields and regions. Accelerate the process of regional and bilateral trade and investment agreements, and expand the network of high-standard free trade zones. Optimize the regional opening layout and create diverse forms of opening highlands. Implement the free trade pilot zone upgrade strategy and build the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港) with high standards. Coordinate the layout and construction of major open cooperation platforms such as scientific and technological innovation, service trade, and industrial development. Promote the internationalization of the RMB, enhance the level of capital account opening, and build an independent and controllable RMB cross-border payment system. Promote the reform of global economic and financial governance, and promote the construction and maintenance of a fair, just, open, inclusive, and mutually beneficial international economic order.
(22) Promote trade innovation and development. Promote the improvement of the quality and efficiency of foreign trade and accelerate the construction of a trade powerhouse. Promote market diversification and the integration of domestic and foreign trade, optimize and upgrade trade in goods, expand trade in intermediate goods and green trade, and promote the balanced development of imports and exports. Vigorously develop trade in services, encourage service exports, improve the negative list management system for cross-border trade in services, and improve the standardization level of trade in services. Innovate and develop digital trade and orderly expand the opening of the digital field. Enhance the functions of trade promotion platforms and support the development of new formats and models such as cross-border e-commerce. Improve export control and security review mechanisms.
(23) Expand the space for two-way investment cooperation. Shape new advantages in attracting foreign investment, implement "access and operation," reduce the negative list for foreign investment access, and promote the reinvestment of foreign investment in China. Improve the service guarantee system for foreign investment, fully implement national treatment, promote the efficient, convenient, and safe cross-border flow of data, and create a transparent, stable, and predictable institutional environment. Effectively implement the management of foreign investment, improve the overseas comprehensive service system, promote the integration of trade and investment, and guide the rational and orderly cross-border layout of the industrial chain and supply chain.
(24) Build the "Belt and Road" with high quality. Strengthen the strategic alignment with co-construction countries and strengthen the overall management of cooperation planning. Deepen the "hard connectivity" of infrastructure, the "soft connectivity" of rules and standards, and the "heart connectivity" of the people of co-construction countries, improve the three-dimensional interconnection network layout, and coordinate the promotion of major landmark projects and "small and beautiful" livelihood projects. Improve the development level of China-Europe (Asia) freight trains. Accelerate the construction of the New Western Land-Sea Corridor. Deepen pragmatic cooperation in trade, investment, industry, and culture, and expand new spaces for cooperation in green development, artificial intelligence, digital economy, health, tourism, agriculture, and other fields. Improve a diversified, sustainable, and risk-controllable investment and financing system. Strengthen overseas interest protection.
VIII. Accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and solidly promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside
The modernization of agriculture and rural areas is related to the overall situation and quality of Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to solving the "San Nong" (三农) problem as the top priority of the work of the whole party, promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas, continue to consolidate and expand the achievements of poverty alleviation, promote the basic conditions for modern life in rural areas, and accelerate the construction of a strong agricultural country.
(25) Improve the comprehensive production capacity and quality and efficiency of agriculture. Adhere to the simultaneous focus on output and capacity, production and ecology, and increased production and income, coordinate the development of scientific and technological agriculture, green agriculture, quality agriculture, and brand agriculture, and build agriculture into a modern large industry. Increase efforts to implement a new round of action to increase grain production capacity by 100 billion jin (斤), and enhance the supply guarantee capacity of grain and other important agricultural products. Strictly abide by the red line of cultivated land, strictly manage the balance of occupation and compensation, and coordinate the optimization of agricultural land layout. Promote the construction of high-standard farmland with high quality, strengthen the protection of black soil and the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land, and improve the quality of cultivated land. Deeply implement the seed industry revitalization action, promote the research and application of high-end intelligent agricultural machinery and equipment suitable for hilly and mountainous areas, and promote the integrated efficiency of good fields, good seeds, good machines, and good methods. Adhere to the simultaneous development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, develop modern facility agriculture, and build a diversified food supply system. Develop the under-forest economy and strengthen the forest and grass industry. Stabilize land contract relations and steadily promote the pilot project of extending the second round of contracts for another thirty years after expiration. Develop moderate-scale agricultural operations, improve the development quality of new agricultural business entities, improve the convenient and efficient agricultural socialization service system, and promote the organic connection between small farmers and modern agricultural development.
(26) Promote the construction of livable, workable, and beautiful villages. Learn from and apply the experience of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project ("千万工程"经验), improve the implementation mechanism of rural construction according to local conditions, promote rural revitalization in a classified and orderly manner and in areas, and gradually improve the completeness of rural infrastructure, the convenience of public services, and the comfort of the living environment. Coordinate and optimize the layout of villages and towns, and promote the integrated planning, construction, management, and maintenance of county infrastructure. Coordinate and promote county territorial spatial governance, steadily carry out comprehensive land consolidation in the whole region, continuously rectify and improve the rural living environment, solve problems such as rural toilet renovation and garbage surrounding villages with a nail-driving spirit, accelerate the completion of the shortcomings of modern living conditions in rural areas, and create high-quality rural living spaces. Develop county economies with distinctive characteristics, develop multiple functions of agriculture, promote the deep integration of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, cultivate and strengthen rural characteristic industries, improve the mechanism for linking farmers and benefiting farmers, and promote the stable income increase of farmers.
(27) Improve the effectiveness of policies that strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich farmers. Improve the diversified investment pattern of giving priority to financial security, focusing on financial support, and actively participating in society to ensure that the investment in rural revitalization continues to increase. Protect and mobilize farmers' enthusiasm for farming and grain cultivation, and strengthen policy support and coordination such as prices, subsidies, and insurance. Increase the interest compensation for major grain-producing areas, and implement inter-provincial horizontal interest compensation in producing and marketing areas. Strengthen grain purchase and sales and reserve management. Promote the diversification of agricultural product imports and promote the coordination of trade and production. Promote the two-way flow of urban and rural factors, and encourage all types of talents to go to the countryside to serve, start businesses, and find employment. Economically and intensively utilize rural collective commercial construction land, revitalize idle land and houses in accordance with the law, and classify and protect land for rural development. Support the development of new types of rural collective economies.
Establish a normalized mechanism to prevent returning to poverty, adhere to precise assistance, improve bottom-line guarantees, strengthen development-oriented assistance, enhance endogenous motivation, provide assistance to underdeveloped areas in different layers and categories, improve support policies for key assistance counties for rural revitalization, and ensure that no large-scale return to poverty occurs.
IX. Optimize the regional economic layout and promote coordinated regional development
Coordinated regional development is an inherent requirement of Chinese-style modernization. Give play to the superimposed effects of regional coordinated development strategies, major regional strategies, major function-oriented zoning strategies, and new urbanization strategies, optimize the layout of major productive forces, give play to the role of growth poles in key regions, and build a regional economic layout and territorial space system with complementary advantages and high-quality development.
(28) Enhance the coordination of regional development. Solidly promote the formation of a new pattern of large-scale development in the western region, new breakthroughs in the comprehensive revitalization of the northeast, the accelerated rise of the central region, and the accelerated modernization of the eastern region, and promote the coordinated development of the east, middle, west, south, and north. Consolidate and enhance the role of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀), the Yangtze River Delta (长三角), and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) as high-quality development power sources. Continue to promote the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. Promote the construction of Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) as a modern city with high standards and high quality, and enhance the development level of the Chengdu-Chongqing Twin-City Economic Circle (成渝地区双城经济圈). Encourage all regions to give play to their comparative advantages and strengths, support major economic provinces to take the lead, and take the lead and set an example in promoting Chinese-style modernization. Increase differentiated policy support to promote the revitalization and development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, and border areas.
(29) Promote coordinated regional development. Promote the construction of large trans-regional and trans-basin channels and strengthen the interconnection of regional infrastructure. Strengthen the coordinated and linked development of key urban agglomerations and promote the efficient collaboration of regional innovation chains and industrial chains. Promote the accelerated development of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and other regions, cultivate and develop a number of regional central cities, and better play the supporting and driving role of trans-regional connecting areas. Deepen cross-administrative region cooperation, improve mechanisms for regional planning coordination, industrial collaboration, and benefit sharing, and expand models such as the basin economy.
(30) Optimize the development pattern of territorial space. Strengthen the implementation of the major function-oriented zoning strategy, maintain the overall stability of the pattern of urbanization areas, major agricultural product producing areas, and key ecological function areas, refine and clarify special function areas, and improve supporting policies and assessment and evaluation mechanisms. Promote the optimization of the layout of strategic industries and energy and resource bases. Improve the territorial space planning system, implement and optimize the control lines for cultivated land and permanent basic farmland, ecological protection red lines, and urban development boundaries, and implement differentiated and refined land use controls by region and category. Give provincial governments greater autonomy in coordinating construction land, explore the implementation of a total construction land control model according to the planning period, and implement integrated land supply that combines existing and incremental land.
(31) Deepen people-oriented new urbanization. Promote the urbanization of agricultural transfer populations in a scientific and orderly manner, and implement a system of providing basic public services by registering household registration in the place of permanent residence. Promote the modernization of governance in megacities and megacities, accelerate the integration of urban agglomerations and the integration of metropolitan areas, optimize the urban scale structure, and promote the coordinated development and intensive and compact layout of large, medium, and small cities and small towns. Promote the urbanization construction with county towns as an important carrier in different categories, and improve industrial support capabilities and public service levels. Adhere to the connotative development of cities, vigorously implement urban renewal, and build modern people's cities that are innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and intelligent. Solidly promote the construction of border towns.
(32) Strengthen marine development, utilization, and protection. Adhere to the overall planning of land and sea, improve the ability to manage the sea, promote the high-quality development of the marine economy, and accelerate the construction of a maritime power. Strengthen marine science and technology innovation, consolidate and enhance the advantages of marine equipment manufacturing, strengthen emerging marine industries, and develop modern shipping service industries. Implement marine surveys and observation and monitoring, promote the development and utilization of marine energy resources and sea areas and islands, and strengthen the ecological environmental protection and restoration of key sea areas. Strengthen the support and guarantee system for deep-sea and polar exploration. Resolutely safeguard maritime rights and interests and security, and improve maritime law enforcement and maritime judicial capabilities.
X. Stimulate the cultural innovation and creativity of the entire nation and promote the prosperity and development of socialist culture
Cultural prosperity is an important symbol of Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, be rooted in the broad and profound Chinese civilization, conform to the development trend of information technology, develop socialist culture with strong ideological leadership, spiritual cohesion, value appeal, and international influence in the new era of China, and solidly promote the construction of a strong cultural country.
(33) Promote and practice the core socialist values. Deepen the study and publicity and education of the Party's innovative theories, and unswervingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想) to build the soul and cast the soul. Innovate the implementation of the Marxist theory research and construction project, and accelerate the construction of an independent knowledge system of Chinese philosophy and social sciences. Lead cultural construction with socialist core values, give play to the role of culture in cultivating the mind and cultivating sentiments, and cultivate the nation's high-spirited spiritual temperament. Promote the culture of integrity and the culture of integrity. Strengthen and improve ideological and political work, promote campus culture construction, make good use of red resources, and strengthen the ideal and belief education of young people. Coordinate and promote urban and rural spiritual civilization construction, and improve the people's civilization literacy and the level of social civilization. Strengthen the construction and management of network content. Improve the governance capabilities in the cultural field under informatization conditions.
(34) Vigorously promote cultural undertakings. Create a good cultural ecology, enhance cultural originality, and promote the creation of high-quality products in the fields of news and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art. Cultivate and form a high-level cultural talent team with a large scale, reasonable structure, and innovative spirit. Widely carry out mass cultural activities and prosper new mass literature and art under the conditions of the Internet. Deepen the systematic transformation of mainstream media, promote the integrated management of news publicity and online public opinion, and improve the guiding ability of mainstream public opinion. Deepen the implementation of the project of inheriting and developing excellent traditional Chinese culture, promote the systematic protection and unified supervision and inspection of cultural heritage, and strengthen the effective protection and dynamic inheritance of historical and cultural cities, blocks, and villages. Build and use national cultural parks well. Build a Chinese civilization identification system. Adhere to cultural benefits for the people and implement actions to improve the quality and efficiency of public cultural services. Promote the construction of a book-fragrant society. Coordinate and promote the development of mass sports and competitive sports, and accelerate the construction of a strong sports country.
(35) Accelerate the development of the cultural industry. Improve the cultural management system and production and operation mechanism. Improve the cultural industry system and market system, cultivate outstanding cultural enterprises and brands, implement a major cultural industry project-driven strategy, and implement a positive cultural economic policy. Promote the integration of culture and technology, promote the digital empowerment and informatization transformation of cultural construction, and develop new cultural formats. Guide and regulate the healthy development of online literature, online games, and online audio-visual, and strengthen the online protection of minors. Promote the construction of a strong tourism country, enrich the supply of high-quality tourism products, and improve the quality of tourism services. Improve the convenience and internationalization of inbound tourism. Promote the deep integration of culture and tourism, vigorously develop the cultural tourism industry, and empower economic and social development with culture.
(36) Enhance the communication power and influence of Chinese civilization. Improve the international communication system and mechanism, innovate communication carriers and methods, strengthen the construction of key bases, enhance the international communication capabilities of mainstream media, comprehensively enhance international discourse power, tell Chinese stories well, and show a credible, lovely, and respectable image of China. Strengthen regional and national studies and improve the effectiveness of international communication. Deepen exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations, widely carry out international cultural exchanges and cooperation, and encourage more cultural enterprises and excellent cultural products to go to the world.
XI. Increase efforts to guarantee and improve people's livelihoods and steadily promote common prosperity for all the people
Realizing the people's yearning for a better life is the starting point and end result of Chinese-style modernization. Adhere to doing our best and acting according to our capabilities, strengthen inclusive, basic, and bottom-line livelihood construction, solve the urgent and difficult problems of the people, smooth social mobility channels, and improve the quality of people's lives.
(37) Promote high-quality and full employment. Deepen the implementation of the employment-first strategy, improve the employment promotion mechanism, and build an employment-friendly development model. Strengthen the coordination of industry and employment, actively cultivate new occupations and new jobs, and support enterprises to stabilize and expand jobs. Improve the human resource supply and demand matching mechanism, improve the lifelong vocational skills training system, strengthen the guidance of career choice and employment concepts, and focus on solving structural employment contradictions. Improve the employment support and public service system, stabilize and expand the employment of key groups such as college graduates, migrant workers, and veterans, and promote the healthy development of flexible employment and new employment forms. Increase support for entrepreneurship and enhance the employment-driven effect of entrepreneurship. Improve the labor standard system and labor relations consultation and coordination mechanism, strengthen the protection of workers' rights and interests, and create a fair and orderly employment environment. Improve employment impact assessment and monitoring and early warning, and comprehensively respond to the impact of external environmental changes and new technology development on employment.
(38) Improve the income distribution system. Adhere to distribution according to work as the mainstay and coexistence of multiple distribution methods, increase the proportion of residents' income in national income distribution, and increase the proportion of labor remuneration in primary distribution. Improve the primary distribution mechanism in which various factors are evaluated by the market for their contribution and remuneration is determined according to their contribution, and promote more pay for more work, more pay for high skills, and more pay for innovators. Improve the wage determination, reasonable growth, and payment guarantee mechanism for workers, promote the wage collective bargaining system, improve the minimum wage standard adjustment mechanism, and strengthen macro guidance on enterprise wage distribution. Increase urban and rural residents' property income through multiple channels. Strengthen redistribution adjustments such as taxation, social security, and transfer payments. Promote and regulate the development of public welfare and charitable undertakings. Regulate the income distribution order and wealth accumulation mechanism, support hard work, innovation, and legal wealth, encourage some people to get rich first and then help others get rich together, and promote common prosperity. Implement an income increase plan for urban and rural residents, effectively increase the income of low-income groups, steadily expand the scale of middle-income groups, reasonably adjust excessive income, eliminate illegal income, and promote the formation of an olive-shaped distribution pattern.
(39) Run education that satisfies the people. Implement the new era's project of establishing morality and cultivating people, promote the effective integration of ideological and political classrooms and social classrooms, strengthen sports, aesthetics, and labor education, and improve the education evaluation system. Improve the education resource allocation mechanism that adapts to population changes, and expand the supply of education resources in towns and cities with net inflows of school-age population. Steadily expand the scope of free education and explore extending the length of compulsory education. Promote the expansion and improvement of basic education, coordinate the high-quality and balanced development of compulsory education and the high-quality and inclusive development of preschool education, expand the operating resources of ordinary high schools, and run special education and specialized education well. Promote the improvement of the quality and expansion of higher education and expand the enrollment scale of high-quality undergraduate education. Improve the operating capacity of vocational schools and build distinctive high vocational colleges. Guide and regulate the development of private education. Expand the high-level opening up of education to the outside world. Promote the spirit of educators, cultivate and build a high-level teaching staff, and strengthen the guarantee of teachers' treatment. Improve the collaborative education mechanism of schools, families, and society. Deepen the implementation of the education digitalization strategy and optimize lifelong learning public services.
(40) Improve the social security system. Improve and implement the national unified system for basic old-age insurance, accelerate the development of a multi-level and multi-pillar old-age insurance system, improve the benefit determination and adjustment mechanism, and gradually increase the basic old-age pension for urban and rural residents. Improve the multi-level medical security system, promote provincial-level overall planning for basic medical insurance, and optimize drug centralized procurement, medical insurance payment, and surplus fund use policies. Expand the coverage of unemployment and work-related injury insurance and establish and improve the occupational injury security system. Improve the policy on the transfer and continuation of social security relationships and increase the participation rate of flexible employees, migrant workers, and new employment form personnel. Improve the social insurance actuarial system, continue to transfer state-owned capital to enrich the social security fund, and improve the long-term fundraising, overall regulation, value preservation and appreciation, and safety supervision mechanism of the social security fund. Give play to the supplementary security role of various commercial insurance policies. Optimize the national unified social security public service platform and management and service. Improve the social assistance system. Improve the service guarantee system for groups such as empty-nest elderly, children in difficulty, and disabled people. Establish and improve the basic funeral service system. Adhere to the basic national policy of equality between men and women and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and children. Strengthen the service guarantee for veterans.
(41) Promote the high-quality development of the real estate industry. Accelerate the construction of a new model for real estate development and improve the basic systems for commercial housing development, financing, and sales. Optimize the supply of guaranteed housing to meet the basic housing needs of urban wage earners and various families in difficulty. Increase the supply of improved housing according to local conditions. Build safe, comfortable, green, and smart "good houses," and implement projects to improve housing quality and actions to improve property service quality. Establish a full life cycle safety management system for houses.
(42) Accelerate the construction of a healthy China. Implement a health-first development strategy, improve the health promotion policy system, enhance the effectiveness of the patriotic health campaign, and improve the average life expectancy and people's health level. Strengthen public health capabilities, strengthen the construction of the disease control system, and prevent and control major infectious diseases. Improve the coordinated development and governance mechanism of medical treatment, medical insurance, and medicine, and promote hierarchical diagnosis and treatment. Deepen the reform of public hospitals' staffing, service prices, compensation system, and comprehensive supervision, with public welfare as the orientation, and strengthen the operational guarantees of counties, districts, and primary medical institutions. Optimize the functional positioning and layout of medical institutions, implement the project of strengthening the foundation of medical and health care, and promote the digital construction of national health. Strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases and develop a full-chain service for prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, and management. Comprehensively improve emergency and first aid, blood security, and emergency response capabilities. Strengthen the capacity and work style construction of the medical and health team. Promote the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine and promote the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine. Support the development of innovative drugs and medical devices. Strengthen mental health and mental health services.
(43) Promote high-quality population development. Improve the population service system covering the entire population and the entire life cycle. Advocate a positive view of marriage and childbearing, optimize fertility support policies and incentive measures, give play to the role of childcare subsidies and individual income tax deduction policies, and effectively reduce the cost of family childbearing, raising, and education. Improve the maternity insurance system, implement the maternity leave system, and implement early pregnancy care actions and a plan to improve the prevention and control capabilities of pregnancy and birth defects. Deepen the demonstration pilot of childcare service subsidies, develop inclusive childcare and integrated childcare services, and gradually improve relevant systems. Strengthen women's and children's health services. Actively respond to population aging and improve the policy mechanism for the coordinated development of the old-age care cause and industry. Optimize the supply of basic old-age care services, improve the urban and rural old-age care service network, and strengthen the aging-friendly and barrier-free transformation of public facilities. Develop medical care and medical care services. Promote long-term care insurance, improve the care system for disabled and demented elderly people, and expand the supply of rehabilitation care and hospice care services. Steadily implement a gradual delay in the statutory retirement age, optimize age restriction policies in employment, social security, and other aspects, actively develop elderly human resources, and develop the silver-haired economy.
(44) Steadily promote the equalization of basic public services. Establish evaluation standards for the equalization of basic public services, improve the scope and content of basic public services, formulate goals, paths, and measures to achieve the equalization of basic public services, promote more public services to sink to the grassroots level, cover rural areas, and tilt towards remote areas and people living in difficulty, and improve the public resource allocation mechanism that matches the permanent population. Strengthen the overall planning of basic public service supply in counties and improve the long-term mechanism for investment guarantees. Comprehensively deepen the reform of public institutions.
(45) Continue to vigorously advance pollution prevention and control, and ecosystem optimization. Adhere to environmental protection for the people, fully implement precise, scientific, and law-based pollution control, pay more attention to source governance, strengthen the synergy of carbon reduction and pollution reduction, the synergy of multi-pollutant control, and the synergy of regional governance, and vigorously fight the battles to defend blue skies, clear waters, and pure land. Accelerate the implementation of the fixed pollution source supervision system with the pollutant discharge permit system as the core. Implement comprehensive solid waste management actions. Strengthen environmental risk prevention and control, and vigorously promote the governance of new pollutants. Improve ecological environment standards, monitoring, evaluation, and assessment systems.
Adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and deserts, and coordinate the promotion of major projects for the protection and restoration of important ecosystems. Strictly adhere to ecological protection red lines, comprehensively promote the construction of a natural protected area system with national parks as the main body, and orderly establish new national parks. Strengthen biodiversity protection. Carry out effectiveness evaluations of ecological protection and restoration. Scientifically carry out large-scale national land greening actions, and fight well the "Three-North" Shelterbelt Project (三北防护林体系工程) battle. Strengthen the construction of ecological barriers in areas such as the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (青藏高原). Improve the diversified ecological compensation mechanism, and expand channels for realizing the value of ecological products in accordance with local conditions. Strengthen the systematic management and ecological protection of important rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Effectively implement the ten-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River (长江).
(46) Accelerate the construction of a new energy system. Continuously increase the proportion of new energy supply, promote the safe, reliable, and orderly replacement of fossil energy, focus on building a new power system, and build a strong energy nation. Adhere to the simultaneous development of wind, solar, hydro, nuclear, and other energy sources, coordinate on-site consumption and external transmission, and promote the high-quality development of clean energy. Strengthen the clean and efficient utilization of fossil energy, and promote the upgrading and transformation of coal-fired power and the replacement of bulk coal. Comprehensively improve the complementarity and safety resilience of the power system, scientifically plan pumped storage, vigorously develop new energy storage, and accelerate the construction of smart grids and microgrids. Improve the level of electrification of terminal energy use, and promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy consumption. Accelerate the improvement of market and pricing mechanisms adapted to the new energy system.
(47) Actively and prudently promote and achieve carbon peaking. Implement a dual control system for total carbon emissions and intensity. Deeply implement energy-saving and carbon-reducing renovations. Promote the peaking of coal and oil consumption. Improve the carbon emission statistical accounting system, and steadily implement local carbon assessment, industry carbon control, enterprise carbon management, project carbon evaluation, and product carbon footprint policies and systems. Develop distributed energy and build zero-carbon factories and parks. Expand the coverage of the national carbon emission trading market and accelerate the construction of a voluntary greenhouse gas emission reduction trading market. Establish and improve a green and low-carbon standard system, and promote the improvement, connection, and mutual recognition of leading international rules and standards. Improve the work system for adapting to climate change and enhance the ability to respond to climate change, especially extreme weather.
(48) Accelerate the formation of green production and lifestyles. Deeply promote ecological environment zoning control, strengthen the connection with territorial space planning, and coordinate the optimization of industrial layout. Promote the green and low-carbon transformation of key areas such as industry, urban and rural construction, transportation, and energy. Improve the total resource management and comprehensive conservation system, improve the level of garbage classification and resource utilization, and promote the development of a circular economy. Continue to build national ecological civilization pilot zones, build pioneer zones for a beautiful China, and create highlands for green development. Implement fiscal, taxation, financial, investment, price, technology, and environmental protection policies to promote green and low-carbon development. Improve the green consumption incentive mechanism and promote green and low-carbon lifestyles.
(49) Improve the national security system. Consolidate the centralized, unified, efficient, and authoritative national security leadership system, accelerate the construction of a new security pattern, and enhance the strategic initiative to maintain and shape national security. Adhere to strategy as the guide, policy as the grasp, the rule of law as the guarantee, and risk prevention and control as the foothold, and improve the national security legal system, strategic system, policy system, and risk prevention and control system. Strengthen the coordination mechanism for key areas and important special projects of national security, and improve emergency response effectiveness. Implement the national security responsibility system, promote the coordinated linkage of the entire chain and all elements, and form a system synergy. Improve the foreign-related national security mechanism, build an overseas security guarantee system, strengthen the fight against sanctions, anti-interference, and anti-"long-arm jurisdiction," deepen international law enforcement and security cooperation, and promote the improvement of global security governance. Strengthen national security education and build a solid people's defense line.
(50) Strengthen the national security capacity building in key areas. Forge practical and useful national security capabilities, highlight the guarantee of major security issues related to the long-term stability of the country, the healthy and stable economy, and the people's peaceful and happy life, and put safeguarding political security in the first place. Consolidate the basic guarantees of national security, ensure the security of food, energy resources, important industrial chains and supply chains, and major infrastructure, strengthen the exploration, development, and storage of strategic mineral resources, improve the intensive and safe utilization of water resources, maintain the security of strategic channels, and promote the construction of national strategic hinterland and key industry backups. Strengthen national security capacity building in emerging fields such as networks, data, artificial intelligence, biology, ecology, nuclear, space, deep sea, polar regions, and low altitude. Improve the ability to prevent and resolve risks in key areas, coordinate the orderly resolution of risks in real estate, local government debt, and small and medium-sized financial institutions, and strictly prevent systemic risks.
(51) Improve the level of public safety governance. Improve the public safety system and promote the transformation of the public safety governance model to pre-event prevention. Strengthen the monitoring, forecasting, and early warning of meteorological, hydrological, and geological disasters, improve the ability to prevent and reduce disasters, provide disaster relief, and handle major public emergencies, and strengthen emergency command, production safety, and food and drug safety. Improve the inherent safety level of important infrastructure and effectively curb major and extraordinarily serious accidents. Deepen the construction of the overall prevention and control system and capacity for social security, implement the responsibility for maintaining social stability, develop and strengthen the forces of mass prevention and mass governance, improve the normalized mechanism for combating organized crime and evil, and increase the prevention and crackdown on telecommunications network fraud and drug crimes. Promote the standardized construction of comprehensive management centers. Deepen the comprehensive governance of cyberspace security and strengthen the protection of personal information. Strengthen the prevention and governance of illegal and criminal activities by minors. Comprehensively and accurately implement the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity, punish illegal and criminal activities in accordance with the law, and improve the quality and efficiency of criminal punishment execution.
(52) Improve the social governance system. Adhere to systematic governance, law-based governance, comprehensive governance, and source governance, improve the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, and promote the modernization of social governance. Improve the social work system and mechanism, and improve the social governance policy and legal system. Strengthen the Party building of new economic organizations, new social organizations, and new employment groups. Strengthen the cultivation and management of social organizations, and promote the reform and development of industry associations and chambers of commerce. Strengthen Party building to lead grassroots governance and grassroots regime construction, comprehensively implement the list of responsibilities for townships (streets), and improve the access system for village (community) work matters. Adhere to and develop the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) of the new era, strengthen rural governance, and improve community governance. Give play to the main role of the people and guide all parties to participate in social governance in an orderly manner. Promote online and offline collaborative governance. Strengthen the allocation of grassroots service management forces and improve service facilities and funding guarantee mechanisms. Give play to the role of civic conventions and village rules, strengthen family education and family style construction, promote changing customs and habits, and effectively govern bad habits in weddings and funerals.
Improve the working mechanism for uniting and serving the masses and consolidate the mass base of social governance. Strengthen ideological and political guidance, improve the service management of various social groups, improve the coordination of interest relations and the protection of legitimate rights and interests, and care for and care for the difficulties and vulnerable groups. Improve the social psychological service system and crisis intervention mechanism. Strengthen the functions of public service platforms such as citizen hotlines and promote "the people have calls, and I respond." Develop volunteer services and strengthen the management of volunteer service organizations. Promote the legalization of petition work. Deeply promote the source resolution, diversified resolution, and orderly resolution of contradictions and disputes. Strengthen the construction of the social worker team and improve the level of professional services.
(53) Accelerate the construction of advanced combat capabilities. Strengthen strategic deterrence and maintain global strategic balance and stability. Promote the scaled, combat-oriented, and systematic development of new domain and new quality combat forces, accelerate the construction of unmanned intelligent combat forces and counter-capabilities, and strengthen the upgrading and transformation of traditional combat forces. Coordinate the construction and application of the network information system, strengthen the development and utilization of data resources, and build an intelligent military system. Accelerate the construction of modern logistics. Implement major national defense development projects, step up national defense science and technology innovation and advanced technology transformation, and accelerate the development of advanced weapons and equipment. Optimize military human resource policies and systems, improve the level of running schools and educating people in military academies, and build a high-quality, professional, and new-type military talent team. Implement the modernization promotion project of military theory. Deepen strategic and operational planning, solidly promote actual combat military training, strengthen the integration of combat capability systems, innovate the construction and application model of combat effectiveness, and enhance the pertinence, initiative, and shaping power of military struggle.
(54) Promote the modernization of military governance. Improve the leadership and management system and mechanism of the People's Army, and adjust and optimize the joint operations system. Strengthen and improve strategic management, deepen the coordination of war construction and preparation, strengthen the traction of operational needs, innovate management methods and means, and improve the operational efficiency of the military system and the efficiency of national defense resource utilization. Strengthen major decision-making consultation and evaluation and supervision of major projects, promote the reform of military expenditure budget management, improve the military procurement system, improve the statistical evaluation system for military construction, comprehensively implement the policy of building the army with diligence and thrift, and take the road of high efficiency, low cost, and sustainable development. Continue to deepen political rectification, promote fine traditions, and strengthen rectification and governance in key industries and fields. Deeply promote the construction of the rule of law in the army, strengthen the supply and execution supervision of laws and regulations, and improve the military legal system with Chinese characteristics.
(55) Consolidate and improve the integrated national strategic system and capabilities. Deepen cross-military and local reforms, and build a cross-military and local work pattern with clear division of responsibilities, close cooperation, and standardized order. Accelerate the construction of strategic capabilities in emerging fields, and promote the efficient integration and two-way drive of new quality productive forces and new quality combat forces. Build an advanced national defense science and technology industry system, optimize the layout of the national defense science and technology industry, and promote the generalization of military and civilian standards. Strengthen the military demand reporting and military-local connection of national defense construction, promote the comprehensive implementation of national defense requirements in major infrastructure, and strengthen national defense strategic prefabrication. Accelerate the construction of national defense mobilization capabilities, strengthen the construction of reserve forces, strengthen modern border, sea, and air defense construction, and promote the joint efforts of the Party, government, army, police, and people to strengthen the border and consolidate defense. Deepen national defense education for all people and consolidate the unity between the government and the army and between the army and the people.
(56) Adhere to and strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee. Improve the implementation mechanism of major decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee to ensure smooth communication and effective implementation. Continue to unify thoughts, wills, and actions with the Party's innovative theories. Develop intra-Party democracy, improve and implement democratic centralism, and adhere to scientific, democratic, and law-based decision-making. Adhere to the correct employment orientation, adhere to putting political standards first, establish and practice the correct view of performance, improve the cadre assessment and evaluation mechanism, adjust cadres who are incompetent for their current positions, and promote the normalization of cadres being able to be promoted or demoted. Strengthen education, training, and practical exercises to improve the ability of the cadre team to build modernization. Combine strict management with love, and combine incentives and constraints, stimulate the internal motivation and overall vitality of the cadre team. Coordinate the construction of grassroots Party organizations in various fields, enhance the political and organizational functions of Party organizations, and give play to the exemplary role of Party members. Unremittingly implement the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定), resolutely curb various unhealthy tendencies, and promote the normalization and long-term effectiveness of work style construction. Deeply carry out the work of rectifying formalism and reducing burdens for the grassroots. Improve the Party and national supervision system and strengthen the standardization and supervision of power allocation and operation. Maintain the sobriety and determination that anti-corruption is always on the road, promote the integrated advancement of not daring to be corrupt, not being able to be corrupt, and not wanting to be corrupt, and resolutely fight the tough battle, protracted battle, and overall battle against corruption. Create a clean and upright political ecology.
(57) Promote the construction of socialist democracy and the rule of law. Unswervingly follow the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the organic unity of Party leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, develop whole-process people's democracy, and improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. Adhere to, improve, and operate the system of people's congresses, ensure that state organs exercise their powers and perform their duties in accordance with the law, and ensure that the people's democratic rights and legitimate rights and interests are maintained and realized. Adhere to and improve the system of multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, give play to the role of the People's Political Consultative Conference as a specialized consultative body, strengthen the coordinated cooperation of various consultation channels, and promote the extensive, multi-layered, and institutionalized development of consultative democracy. Improve the grassroots democratic system and ensure that the people manage grassroots public affairs and public welfare undertakings in accordance with the law. Improve the working mechanism for absorbing public opinion and gathering public wisdom. Give better play to the role of trade unions, the Communist Youth League, the Women's Federation, and other mass organizations, and strengthen policy guarantees for the construction of the industrial workers' team, the development of youth, and the development of women and children's undertakings. Promote the comprehensive development of human rights. Improve the overall pattern of the united front, consolidate and develop the broadest patriotic united front. Forge a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation and promote the construction of the Chinese national community. Adhere to the direction of Sinicization of religion in China and strengthen the rule of law in the governance of religious affairs. Comprehensively implement the Party's overseas Chinese affairs policy and better unite the hearts and strengths of overseas Chinese.
Adhere to comprehensively governing the country according to law, and coordinate the advancement of scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding. Strengthen the implementation and supervision of the Constitution and laws, and improve the institutional mechanism for maintaining the unity of the national rule of law. Strengthen legislative planning and legislative review and improve the quality of legislation. Strengthen the construction of a government under the rule of law, comprehensively implement the record review of administrative normative documents, and improve the mechanism for substantively resolving administrative disputes. Promote the construction of a digital platform for political and legal work and strengthen cross-departmental law enforcement and judicial coordination and supervision. Standardize the operation of judicial power, improve the realization and evaluation mechanism of judicial justice, and improve the fairness, stability, and authority of judicial judgments. Strengthen procuratorial supervision and strengthen public interest litigation. Protect personal rights, property rights, and personality rights in accordance with the law, improve the long-term mechanism for regulating law enforcement involving enterprises, and prevent and correct illegal extraterritorial law enforcement and profit-seeking law enforcement. Improve the national enforcement system and effectively solve the problem of "difficulty in enforcement." Accelerate the construction of a foreign-related legal system and capabilities, and improve international commercial mediation, arbitration, litigation, and other mechanisms. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of leading cadres in handling affairs in accordance with the law, and improve the comprehensive legal evaluation mechanism. Promote the construction of a society under the rule of law and create a good environment in which the whole society advocates the rule of law, abides by rules, respects contracts, and maintains fairness.
(58) Promote long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macau. Unswervingly implement the principles of "One Country, Two Systems" (一国两制), "Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong" (港人治港), "Macau people governing Macau" (澳人治澳), and a high degree of autonomy, implement the principle of "patriots governing Hong Kong" (爱国者治港) and "patriots governing Macau" (爱国者治澳), enhance the effectiveness of governance in Hong Kong and Macau in accordance with the law, and promote the economic and social development of Hong Kong and Macau. Support Hong Kong and Macau in better integrating into and serving the overall national development, strengthen cooperation between Hong Kong and Macau and the mainland in economy, trade, science and technology, culture, and other fields, and improve policies and measures to facilitate the development and life of Hong Kong and Macau residents in the mainland. Give full play to the unique advantages and important roles of Hong Kong and Macau, which are backed by the motherland and connected to the world, consolidate and enhance Hong Kong's status as an international financial, shipping, and trade center, support Hong Kong in building an international innovation and technology center, continuously highlight Macau's role as "one center, one platform, and one base" (一中心、一平台、一基地), promote the moderately diversified development of Macau's economy, and support Hong Kong and Macau in building highlands for gathering international high-end talents.
(59) Promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations and advance the great cause of national reunification. Thoroughly implement the Party's overall strategy for resolving the Taiwan issue in the new era, resolutely crack down on "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, oppose interference by external forces, safeguard peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait, and firmly grasp the initiative and dominance in cross-strait relations. Deepen cross-strait exchanges and cooperation, and jointly inherit and promote Chinese culture. Promote the construction of cross-strait integrated development demonstration zones with high quality, strengthen industrial cooperation, and promote cross-strait economic cooperation. Implement policies that provide Taiwan compatriots with equal treatment, create better conditions for Taiwan compatriots to study, work, and live in the mainland, and enhance the well-being of compatriots on both sides of the strait.
(60) Promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. Advocate an equal and orderly world multi-polarization and universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization, expand the network of global partnerships, and promote the building of a new type of international relations. Deepen the integration of surrounding development, strengthen common security, consolidate strategic mutual trust, and build a community with a shared future in the neighborhood. Maintain the overall stability of major-country relations, deepen solidarity and cooperation with developing countries, implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Governance Initiative, and guide the international order to develop in a more just and reasonable direction. Support the Global South in uniting for self-improvement, increase foreign aid, and provide more international public goods. Resolutely oppose hegemonic, domineering, and bullying acts, safeguard international fairness and justice, and safeguard the common interests of the people of all countries. Promote the common values of all mankind, promote the building of a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness and inclusiveness, and cleanliness and beauty, and make Chinese contributions to building a community with a shared future for mankind.
(61) Fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of the entire society to devote itself to the construction of Chinese-style modernization. In accordance with the spirit of this plenary session, formulate the national and local "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五规划) outline and special plans, etc., to form a national planning system with accurate positioning, clear boundaries, complementary functions, and unified connection. Strengthen the monitoring, evaluation, and supervision of the implementation of the plan, improve the policy coordination and work collaboration mechanism, and ensure that the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee are implemented. Implement the policy of respecting labor, knowledge, talent, and creation, stimulate the vitality of the entire society to start businesses and make innovations, and form a vivid situation in which everyone can give full play to their talents, make the best use of their talents, and be united and work hard.
The entire Party, the entire army, and the people of all ethnic groups across the country must unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and work together to basically realize socialist modernization, and constantly create a new situation in which Chinese-style modernization comprehensively promotes the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (新华社北京) , October 28)
Return to TopBy: 习近平
Comrades,
Entrusted by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, I will now explain to the plenary session the drafting of the "Proposals of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" (hereinafter referred to as the "Proposals").
I. Drafting Process of the "Proposals"
Formulating medium- and long-term plans to guide economic and social development is an important way for our Party to govern the country. The "14th Five-Year Plan" will be completed this year, and the "15th Five-Year Plan" needs to be studied and formulated. Studying and formulating the "15th Five-Year Plan" well is of great significance for promoting the sustained and healthy development of China's economy and society, and laying a more solid foundation for achieving socialist modernization as scheduled.
In January of this year, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee decided that the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party would review the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposals. A drafting group was established, with me as the leader, and Comrades Li Qiang (李强), Wang Huning (王沪宁), Cai Qi (蔡奇), and Ding Xuexiang (丁薛祥) as deputy leaders. Responsible comrades from relevant departments and local areas participated, undertaking the drafting of the "Proposals" under the leadership of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. On February 11, the drafting group held its first plenary meeting, officially launching the drafting of the "Proposals."
The Party Central Committee adhered to promoting democracy and pooling wisdom throughout the entire process of drafting the document, conducting in-depth investigations and research, and widely soliciting opinions from all parties. On January 22, the Party Central Committee issued the "Notice on Soliciting Opinions on the '15th Five-Year Plan' Proposals to be Studied by the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party," soliciting opinions within and outside the Party within a certain scope. In late February, the Party Central Committee organized six research groups to conduct special investigations in 12 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. At the same time, the Party Central Committee deployed some central and state organs to conduct 35 key topic studies. On April 30, I presided over a symposium on economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in some provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in Shanghai (上海). Afterwards, Comrade Li Qiang (李强) was entrusted to convene three symposiums for the economic, scientific and technological, and grassroots representative circles. We also carried out online solicitation of opinions, receiving more than 3 million messages, from which relevant parties sorted out more than 1,500 suggestions. All parties generally believe that the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Party focusing on studying the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposals is of great significance for better leveraging the strategic guiding role of national development plans, further uniting the 磅礴力量 (páng bó lì liàng - "boundless strength," describes a powerful and energetic force) of the entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country to forge ahead, and comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. Comprehensive judgment indicates that China's development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period faces both strategic opportunities and risks and challenges, and there are increasing uncertain and unpredictable factors, but the supporting conditions and basic trends for China's long-term positive economic and social development have not changed. All parties generally hope to clarify the overall thinking, important principles, main goals, strategic tasks, and major measures for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, promote high-quality development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and lay a more solid foundation for basically achieving socialist modernization.
On August 4, the "Proposals" were distributed within a certain range within the Party for soliciting opinions, including soliciting opinions from some veteran comrades within the Party, and also specifically listening to the opinions of the heads of the central committees of various democratic parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce (全国工商联), and representatives of non-party figures. Judging from the solicitation of opinions, all regions and departments fully affirmed the "Proposals." Everyone unanimously believes that the "Proposals" accurately grasp the historical position of the development of the Party and the country during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, deeply analyze the profound and complex changes facing China's development environment, make top-level designs and strategic blueprints for development in the next five years, the guiding principles are scientific and accurate, the main goals are clear and definite, and the tasks and measures are realistic and pragmatic. It is another general mobilization and general deployment to take advantage of the situation and continue to promote the construction of Chinese-style modernization, reflecting the historical initiative to continue writing new chapters in the two major miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability, and strive to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization, which will inevitably have a significant and far-reaching impact on the development of the Party and the country. At the same time, all parties put forward many good opinions and suggestions. The drafting group analyzed them one by one, and absorbed as much as possible, adding, rewriting, and simplifying a total of 218 places in the "Proposals," covering 452 opinions and suggestions from all aspects.
During the drafting of the "Proposals," the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held 3 meetings, and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held 2 meetings to review and revise them, forming the "Proposals" submitted to this plenary session for deliberation.
It can be said that this document drafting work is another vivid practice of promoting intra-Party democracy and whole-process people's democracy.
II. Main Considerations for Drafting the "Proposals" and the Basic Content of the "Proposals"
The overall consideration for drafting the "Proposals" is to accurately grasp the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in the process of basically achieving socialist modernization, in accordance with the "two-step" strategic arrangement made by the 20th National Congress of the Party for comprehensively building a strong socialist modern country, deeply analyze the domestic and international situation, and make systematic plans and strategic deployments for China's economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
In the process of drafting the "Proposals," we paid attention to grasping the following points. First, adhere to goal orientation and problem orientation, based on the basic positioning of consolidating the foundation and fully exerting efforts, systematically plan with the focus on laying a more solid foundation for the goal of basically achieving socialist modernization, and focus on effectively and orderly responding to the new situation of the world's century-old changes and outstanding problems in development to strengthen weaknesses and shortcomings. Second, adhere to systematic thinking, and comprehensively deploy all aspects of economic and social development and Party building in accordance with the requirements of comprehensively promoting the "five-in-one" overall layout and coordinating the promotion of the "four comprehensives" strategic layout. Third, adhere to further comprehensively deepening reform, and focus on using reform methods to solve development problems, and increase momentum and vitality for development. Fourth, adhere to expanding opening up to the outside world, both placing development on the basis of our own strength and coordinating the use of global factors and market resources.
The "Proposals" consist of 15 parts, divided into three major sections. The first section includes the first and second parts, which are the general outline, mainly elaborating on the major achievements of China's development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in the process of basically achieving socialist modernization, the profound and complex changes facing China's development environment during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, the guiding ideology, principles to be followed, and main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. The second section includes the third to fourteenth parts, which are the sub-topics, mainly focusing on key issues related to the overall situation and long-term development, deploying the strategic tasks and major measures of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period in various fields, and clarifying the ideas and key tasks in key areas from industrial development, technological innovation, domestic market, economic system, opening up to the outside world, rural revitalization, regional development, to cultural construction, people's livelihood security, green development, safe development, and national defense construction. The third section includes the fifteenth part and the concluding remarks, mainly deploying tasks such as adhering to and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, promoting socialist democracy and the rule of law, work related to Hong Kong (香港), Macao (澳门), and Taiwan (台湾), promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of the entire society.
III. Several Key Issues That Need to be Explained
The "Proposals" put forward some important viewpoints and major measures. Here, I will briefly explain several key issues.
First, regarding the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. Achieving socialist modernization is a historical process of step-by-step progress and continuous development, which requires unremitting efforts and continuous struggle. The "Proposals" propose that the "15th Five-Year Plan" period has an important position of linking the past and opening up the future in the process of basically achieving socialist modernization, which is a judgment made based on the historical tasks that the "15th Five-Year Plan" period should undertake. The 20th National Congress of the Party determined that socialist modernization will be basically achieved by 2035. The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is the first five years, and a solid foundation has been laid and a good start has been achieved. The "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for consolidating the foundation and fully exerting efforts. Formulating and implementing the "15th Five-Year Plan" well will lay a more solid foundation for basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035.
The "Proposals" plan the development of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period from this basic positioning, which not only maintains the continuity with the concepts and ideas put forward in the "14th Five-Year Plan," but also accurately grasps the general trend of China's development in the next five years, and puts forward overall ideas, major principles, main goals, and strategic tasks that are in line with reality and have foresight. It is necessary to seize this window of opportunity, consolidate and expand advantages, break through bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weaknesses and shortcomings, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically achieving socialist modernization.
Second, regarding the goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. Scientifically setting development goals is crucial for formulating and implementing the five-year plan well. The "Proposals" grasp the basic positioning and phased requirements of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and clarify the main goals of economic and social development. An important symbolic indicator of basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035 is that the per capita gross domestic product reaches the level of moderately developed countries, which requires economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period to maintain an appropriate speed. Based on in-depth research and scientific argumentation, the "Proposals" propose important goals such as maintaining economic growth within a reasonable range, steadily improving total factor productivity, fully releasing economic growth potential, synchronizing residents' income growth with economic growth, synchronizing the increase in labor remuneration with the increase in labor productivity, and continuously expanding the middle-income group. At the same time, in view of the outstanding problems such as increased downward pressure on the domestic economy and insufficient effective demand at the present stage, the "Proposals" propose goals such as significantly increasing the residents' consumption rate and continuously enhancing the leading role of domestic demand in driving economic growth.
Referring to past practices, the "Proposals" propose that the goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period are mainly qualitative requirements, and the necessary quantitative requirements and some specific work deployments will be left to the formulation of the "Outline" of the plan for research and determination, so as to better reflect and play the macro-guiding role of the "Proposals."
Third, regarding taking promoting high-quality development as the theme. The "Proposals" are consistent with the "14th Five-Year Plan" and continue to determine promoting high-quality development as the theme of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, requiring adherence to taking economic construction as the center, fully, accurately, and comprehensively implementing the new development concept, achieving effective improvement in quality and reasonable growth in quantity, and promoting sustained and healthy economic development and comprehensive social progress. To promote high-quality development, the most important thing is to accelerate high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement, actively develop new quality productive forces, and make substantial and breakthrough progress in promoting technological innovation, accelerating the cultivation of new driving forces, and promoting the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure.
The "Proposals" highlight the leading role of technological innovation, and make deployments in building a modern industrial system, accelerating high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement, and accelerating the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development, proposing to optimize and upgrade traditional industries, cultivate and strengthen emerging industries and future industries, and consolidate and strengthen the foundation of the real economy; proposing to strengthen original innovation and key core technology research, promote the deep integration of technological innovation and industrial innovation, promote the development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner, and deepen the construction of digital China; and proposing to accelerate the construction of a new energy system and accelerate the formation of green production and lifestyle. It should be noted that the development of new quality productive forces requires certain endowments and conditions, and the feasibility of reality should be fully considered. The "Proposals" emphasize developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, which is to guide everyone to carry out work scientifically, rationally, and pragmatically, and prevent 一哄而上 (yī hòng ér shàng - "swarm up," describes a situation where everyone rushes to do the same thing without proper planning or consideration).
Fourth, regarding strengthening the domestic major cycle and unblocking the domestic and international dual cycles. The more severe and complex the external environment, the more necessary it is to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and firmly grasp the initiative of development. At present and for a period of time to come, it is necessary to adhere to strengthening the domestic major cycle, accelerate the formation of a strong domestic economic cycle system, and offset the uncertainty of the international cycle with the stability of the domestic cycle.
The "Proposals" highlight strengthening the domestic major cycle, and make deployments for building a strong domestic market and accelerating the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system, emphasizing adhering to expanding domestic demand as a strategic base point, adhering to closely combining benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, vigorously boosting consumption, expanding effective investment, and resolutely breaking down the blockages that hinder the construction of a unified national market, emphasizing fully stimulating the vitality of various business entities, accelerating the improvement of the institutional mechanism for market-based allocation of factors, and improving the effectiveness of macroeconomic governance. At the same time, it proposes to expand the international cycle, steadily expand institutional opening up, maintain the multilateral trading system, and jointly build the "Belt and Road" with high quality.
Fifth, regarding taking solid steps towards common prosperity for all the people. Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of common prosperity for all the people. Since the 18th National Congress of the Party, we have adhered to not forgetting our original intention, considering issues from the standpoint of the people, promoting coordinated regional development, taking effective measures to guarantee and improve people's livelihood, winning the battle against poverty, and comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, creating good conditions for promoting common prosperity. The "Proposals" highlight taking solid steps towards common prosperity for all the people in the guiding ideology, which is an overall requirement for guiding economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
The "Proposals" firmly grasp the goal requirements of common prosperity, and focus on guaranteeing and improving people's livelihood, deploying a number of policies and measures with strong balance and accessibility in promoting high-quality and full employment, improving the income distribution system, running education that satisfies the people, improving the social security system, promoting the high-quality development of the real estate industry, accelerating the construction of a healthy China, promoting the high-quality development of the population, and steadily promoting the equalization of basic public services. Focusing on narrowing regional gaps and urban-rural differences, a number of pragmatic measures are deployed in accelerating agricultural and rural modernization, solidly promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, optimizing the regional economic layout, and promoting coordinated regional development. Focusing on promoting the common prosperity of the people's spiritual life, it proposes to promote and practice the core socialist values, vigorously promote cultural undertakings, accelerate the development of cultural industries, and enhance the communication power and influence of Chinese civilization.
Sixth, regarding coordinating development and security. Security is the prerequisite for development, and development is the guarantee for security. In the next five years, various uncertain and unpredictable risk factors in China will significantly increase, and the task of coordinating development and security will be more arduous. The "Proposals" propose to improve the national security system, strengthen the construction of national security capabilities in key areas, improve the level of public safety governance, and improve the social governance system, focusing on promoting the modernization of the national security system and capabilities. Focusing on promoting the high-quality modernization of national defense and the military, it proposes to accelerate the construction of advanced combat capabilities, promote the modernization of military governance, and consolidate and improve the integrated national strategic system and capabilities.
Seventh, regarding adhering to the Party's overall leadership. Adhering to and strengthening the Party's overall leadership is the fundamental guarantee for promoting Chinese-style modernization. The "Proposals" focus on improving the Party's ability and level of leading economic and social development, emphasizing adhering to and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, improving the implementation mechanism of the Party Central Committee's major decisions and deployments; continuously unifying thoughts, unifying will, and unifying actions with the Party's innovative theories; adhering to the correct employment orientation and improving the cadre assessment and evaluation mechanism; coordinating the promotion of the construction of grassroots Party organizations in various fields; perseveringly implementing the spirit of the Central Committee's eight-point regulations; improving the Party and state supervision system; and resolutely fighting a tough battle, a protracted war, and an overall war against corruption.
Comrades, deliberating and adopting the "Proposals" for the "15th Five-Year Plan" is the main task of this plenary session. Everyone should think carefully, discuss in depth, put forward constructive opinions and suggestions, and jointly make this plenary session a success and revise the "Proposals" well.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), October 28)
Return to TopThe "Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending the Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People's Republic of China" was adopted by the 18th Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on October 28, 2025, and is hereby promulgated and shall take effect from the date of promulgation.
Xi Jinping (习近平), President of the People's Republic of China
October 28, 2025
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), October 28)
Return to TopThis is a report from Kuala Lumpur, October 28th (Reporters Wang Di (王迪) and Cao Shiyun (曹师韵)). Local time, October 28th, State Council Premier Li Qiang (李强) met with Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar (安瓦尔) in Kuala Lumpur.
Li Qiang (李强) stated that China and Malaysia are good neighbors and good partners who can trust each other. Last month, President Xi Jinping (习近平) held a meeting with the Prime Minister in Beijing (北京), reaching new and important consensus on deepening the construction of a China-Malaysia community with a shared future. China always regards Malaysia as a priority direction for its surrounding diplomacy and is willing to work with Malaysia to strengthen high-level exchanges, strengthen strategic coordination, and deepen pragmatic cooperation, so as to further implement the consensus between the two sides and create more benefits for the people of the two countries.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that last week, the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee reviewed and approved the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal. China is willing to strengthen the connection with Malaysia's Thirteenth Malaysia Plan, deeply implement the Five-Year Plan for economic and trade cooperation between the two countries, tighten economic and trade ties, tap the potential for cooperation in cutting-edge fields such as the digital economy, artificial intelligence, and new energy, and jointly cultivate and expand new drivers of development. The two sides should expand cultural exchange and cooperation and consolidate the foundation of friendly public opinion. China appreciates Malaysia's important role as the rotating chair of ASEAN and is willing to work with all parties to implement the results of the East Asia Cooperation Leaders' series of meetings and inject more stability and positive energy into regional peace and development. China is also willing to strengthen multilateral coordination and cooperation with Malaysia to promote the implementation of the four major global initiatives by all parties, practice true multilateralism, and safeguard international fairness and justice.
Anwar (安瓦尔) said that the development of Malaysia-China relations is strong, with frequent high-level interactions, solid political mutual trust, and fruitful cooperation results. Malaysia is willing to further deepen cooperation with China in trade, investment, infrastructure, energy, minerals and other fields, and maintain the stability and smooth flow of the industrial chain and supply chain. We welcome Chinese companies to continue to invest and develop in Malaysia. Malaysia appreciates China's important role in regional and international affairs, thanks China for its strong support for Malaysia's performance as the rotating chair of ASEAN, and is willing to work with China to jointly promote the in-depth development of the ASEAN-China comprehensive strategic partnership and make greater contributions to regional and world peace and prosperity.
Return to TopBy: 中华人民共和国国务院总理 李 强（2025年10月28日，吉隆坡）
Respected Prime Minister Anwar (安瓦尔),
Colleagues,
It is a great pleasure to meet you all in Kuala Lumpur (吉隆坡). I thank Prime Minister Anwar (安瓦尔) and the Malaysian government for their thoughtful arrangements.
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War. In September, China held a series of grand commemorative events. Many leaders of ASEAN countries were invited to attend, jointly commemorating that arduous and moving time. In that war, China and Southeast Asian countries, 不畏强暴 (bù wèi qiáng bào - "not fearing violence," undaunted by brute force), rose up to resist, supported each other, and fought side by side, ultimately winning independence and liberation. In the decades that followed, we jointly developed, achieved rapid economic growth through mutual inspiration and cooperation, and overcame major difficulties such as financial crises, tsunamis, and the COVID-19 pandemic through mutual assistance and solidarity. As President Xi Jinping (习近平) said during his visit to Southeast Asia in April this year, unity is strength, and cooperation leads to win-win results. As good neighbors and brothers who are close, connected, and dependent on each other, China and ASEAN countries, as long as we unite and strengthen ourselves, we can unleash amazing and enormous energy, and there is no difficulty that cannot be overcome.
We are pleased to see that in the past year, China and ASEAN countries have made new achievements in joint development. Cooperation in various fields between the two sides has flourished, the scale of trade has steadily increased, and the "ASEAN Visa" has promoted more active cultural exchanges. We have just jointly witnessed the signing of the upgraded Protocol to the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0, ushering in new opportunities for expanding and improving economic and trade cooperation. At the same time, we must see that many new changes have emerged in the current international situation. Unilateralism and protectionism have seriously impacted the international economic and trade order, external forces' interference and disturbance in the region have increased, and many countries have been unreasonably subjected to high tariffs, facing greater risks and challenges to development. In the face of power politics and economic bullying, disunity and confrontation will not only bring no benefits but will also allow external forces to divide and rule. The more severe the situation, the more we should more firmly unite and strengthen ourselves, defend our legitimate rights and interests through mutual reliance and coordinated action, and promote steady economic growth through mutual exchange and deepened cooperation. China is willing to work with ASEAN countries to gather greater synergy, eliminate external interference, jointly resist risks and challenges, and create a bright future for us all.
Colleagues,
In May of this year, the ASEAN Summit adopted the "ASEAN Community Vision 2045." China is willing to strengthen the alignment of development strategies with ASEAN countries, implement the "Plan of Action to Implement the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (2026-2030)," continue to promote the building of a closer China-ASEAN community with a shared future, and continue to write a new chapter of our unity and self-improvement.
First, let us make strategic mutual trust more solid. China and ASEAN countries have similar values, and equal treatment, harmony, and common development are our common aspirations. We should strengthen strategic communication, properly handle differences, and ensure that trust always remains the mainstream. China will continue to support ASEAN in playing an active role and promoting the peaceful resolution of disputes between Cambodia and Thailand through the "ASEAN way." We must accelerate the consultation on the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea" and strive to reach an agreement as soon as possible to better maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea.
Second, let us make the integration of interests more profound. We should take the implementation of the upgraded Protocol to the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 as an opportunity to accelerate the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment and strengthen industrial integration. China will continue to inject capital into the China-ASEAN Cooperation Fund to provide support for practical cooperation between the two sides. China is willing to work with ASEAN countries to establish a China-ASEAN Digital Academy, build a platform mechanism for artificial intelligence cooperation, and establish a Maritime Development and Technology Cooperation Center to deepen cooperation in transportation, digital economy, green economy, disaster prevention and mitigation, and climate change, and continuously make the cake of mutual benefit and win-win results bigger and better.
Third, let us make emotional connections more solid. We should further expand the breadth and depth of cultural exchanges. China is willing to work with ASEAN to host the closing ceremony of this year's Year of Cultural Exchange, designate 2026 as the theme year of the "5th Anniversary of the Establishment of the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership," accelerate the establishment of the China-ASEAN Tourism Ministers Meeting and Education Ministers Meeting mechanisms, make good use of the China-ASEAN administrative colleges and think tank cooperation network, and continuously enhance mutual understanding and friendship between the two sides.
Looking to the future, China is willing to always be a good friend of mutual trust and a good partner of joint development with ASEAN countries. Let us firmly establish our determination to unite and strengthen ourselves, accelerate the pace of advancing side by side, promote the steady and long-term development of cooperation between China and ASEAN, and make greater contributions to promoting regional and world peace and development.
Thank you all!
(Xinhua News Agency, Kuala Lumpur (吉隆坡), October 28)
Return to TopPremier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) returned to Beijing (北京) by chartered plane on the evening of October 28, after concluding his official visit to Singapore and attending the East Asia Cooperation Leaders' Meetings in Malaysia.
When leaving Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian Minister of Transport Loke Siew Fook (陆兆福), Chinese Ambassador to Malaysia Ouyang Yujing (欧阳玉靖), and Chinese Ambassador to ASEAN Hou Yanqi (侯艳琪) saw him off at the airport.
Return to TopThe Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) held a closing meeting of the 18th session of the 14th NPC Standing Committee on the afternoon of October 28, presided over by Zhao Leji (赵乐际), Chairman of the NPC Standing Committee, according to a report in this newspaper from Beijing on October 28 (reporter Peng Bo (彭波)). Zhao Leji (赵乐际) delivered a speech after the meeting completed the relevant voting items.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) said that this meeting deliberated on 10 draft laws and decisions, and adopted 6 of them. The revision of the Maritime Law improves the maritime legal system with Chinese characteristics that conforms to international trends, and better adapts to the needs of high-level opening up and unimpeded domestic and international dual circulation. The simultaneous revision of the Organic Law of Villagers Committees and the Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees improves the grassroots mass autonomy mechanism under the leadership of grassroots party organizations, and provides more complete legal guarantees for developing grassroots democracy and promoting the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capabilities. The revision of the Cybersecurity Law focuses on strengthening legal responsibilities for cybersecurity and increasing penalties for illegal activities. The revision of the Environmental Protection Tax Law authorizes the State Council to carry out pilot projects and includes all volatile organic compounds in the scope of environmental protection tax collection, ensuring that major reforms have a legal basis.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) pointed out that the meeting made a decision to designate October 25 as Taiwan Retrocession Day (台湾光复纪念日), and the state will hold commemorative activities in various forms. This decision reflects the common aspirations and collective will of all Chinese sons and daughters, including Taiwan compatriots, and is of great significance for maintaining the victory of the World Anti-Fascist War and the post-war international order, demonstrating the firm will to adhere to the one-China principle and safeguard national sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity, strengthening the common national historical memory of compatriots on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and inspiring all Chinese sons and daughters to unite and struggle for national reunification and national rejuvenation.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) pointed out that the meeting deliberated in separate units on the draft of the Pollution Prevention Section of the Environmental Code and the draft of the Legal Responsibility and Supplementary Provisions Section, and conducted initial deliberations on the draft of the Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation Law and the draft of the Arable Land Protection and Quality Improvement Law. Relevant parties should carefully study the relevant opinions and revise and improve the drafts.
Zhao Leji (赵乐际) emphasized that studying and implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee should be taken as a major political task for the present and future, and the spirit of the Plenary Session should be fully and accurately understood and grasped. We must consciously unify our thoughts and actions with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, and implement them based on the functions and responsibilities of the NPC and in light of the actual work of the NPC. We must deeply understand and grasp the major achievements made in development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period and the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, more consciously support the "Two Establishments" and achieve the "Two Safeguards," and more consciously use Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to arm our minds, guide our practice, and promote our work. We must deeply understand and grasp the guiding ideology, major principles, main goals, strategic tasks, and major measures for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, understand the decision-making intentions of the Party Central Committee, adhere to **稳中求进** (wěn zhōng qiú jìn - "seek progress while maintaining stability," a principle of economic policy emphasizing gradual and stable development) and work in the same direction, comprehensively plan and promote the various tasks of the NPC around the overall situation, and provide legal guarantees for accelerating the construction of a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development. We must deeply understand and grasp the new deployments and new requirements for promoting socialist democracy and the rule of law, adhere to, improve, and operate the people's congress system well, earnestly perform our statutory duties, strengthen the implementation and supervision of the Constitution and laws, improve the quality of legislation, enhance the effectiveness of supervision, better play the role of NPC deputies, and promote the high-quality development of NPC work.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on October 28th (Reporter Peng Bo (彭波)) The 55th Chairman’s Meeting of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee was held at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) in Beijing (北京) on the afternoon of the 28th. Chairman Zhao Leji (赵乐际) presided over the meeting.
The meeting heard reports from Xin Chunying (信春鹰), Chairperson of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Constitution and Law Committee, on the deliberation of the revised draft of the Maritime Law Amendment Bill, the deliberation of the revised draft of the decision to amend the Organic Law of Villagers Committees, the deliberation of the revised draft of the Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees, the deliberation of the revised draft of the decision to amend the Cybersecurity Law, and the deliberation of the revised draft of the decision to amend the Environmental Protection Tax Law, and deliberated on the voting drafts of relevant bills.
The meeting heard a report from Liu Qi (刘奇), Secretary-General of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, on the deliberation of the proposed voting items, such as the report on the results of the deliberation of the motions submitted by deputies from the five special committees of the National People's Congress (全国人大): the Supervision and Judicial Committee, the Financial and Economic Committee, the Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee, the Environment Protection and Resources Conservation Committee, and the Social Construction Committee.
The Chairman’s Meeting decided to submit the aforementioned draft laws and other items to the closing meeting of the 18th Session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee for a vote.
Vice Chairpersons of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠), Wang Dongming (王东明), Xiao Jie (肖捷), Zheng Jianbang (郑建邦), Ding Zhongli (丁仲礼), Cai Dafeng (蔡达峰), He Wei (何维), Wu Weihua (武维华), Tie Ning (铁凝), Peng Qinghua (彭清华), Zhang Qingwei (张庆伟), Losang Jamcan (洛桑江村), and Shohrat Zakir (雪克来提·扎克尔) attended the meeting.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 28th (October 28th) – Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, spoke with the new Japanese Foreign Minister Toshimitsu Motegi (茂木敏充) by telephone on October 28th.
Wang Yi (王毅) congratulated Motegi (茂木敏充) on his reappointment as Foreign Minister, stating that China and Japan are important neighbors to each other. China's policy towards Japan maintains continuity and stability. China is willing to work with Japan to continue to comprehensively promote the China-Japan strategic and mutually beneficial relationship in accordance with the principles and directions established in the four China-Japan political documents, and to build a constructive and stable China-Japan relationship that meets the requirements of the new era.
Wang Yi (王毅) said that China has noted some positive signals released by the new Japanese cabinet. High-level exchanges are of great significance to the development of China-Japan relations. He hopes that the new Japanese cabinet will take a good "first step" in its exchanges with China and fasten the "first button" correctly. The issues of history and Taiwan concern the foundation of bilateral relations and the basic trust between the two sides. He hopes that Japan will work with China to safeguard the political foundation of China-Japan relations and promote the continued improvement and development of China-Japan relations along the correct direction.
Toshimitsu Motegi (茂木敏充) said that the current international situation is undergoing profound changes, and Japan and China are shouldering increasingly greater international responsibilities. China is an important neighbor of Japan, and Prime Minister Fumio Kishida (高市早苗首相) attaches great importance to Japan-China relations. Japan has never intended to decouple or break chains with China. It hopes that the two sides will strengthen exchanges at all levels, enhance mutually beneficial cooperation, properly handle differences, and comprehensively promote a constructive and stable Japan-China strategic and mutually beneficial relationship.
The two sides also exchanged views on some specific issues in bilateral relations.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 28th (October 28) - Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, held talks with Kazakhstan's new Foreign Minister Kosherbayev in Beijing (北京) on the 28th.
Wang Yi (王毅) said that under the strategic guidance and personal promotion of President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Tokayev, the China-Kazakhstan permanent comprehensive strategic partnership has been continuously upgraded in quality, jointly entering a new stage of building a China-Kazakhstan community of shared future. We are willing to follow the consensus of the two heads of state, take enhancing the well-being of the people as our original aspiration, and take seeking common development and revitalization as our mission to promote China-Kazakhstan relations to a new level.
Kosherbayev said that he is willing to deepen practical cooperation with China and strengthen mutual support within the framework of the United Nations, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and other organizations.
Return to TopThis newspaper Beijing (北京), October 28th (Reporter Liu Botong (刘博通)) On October 28th, entrusted by the CPC Central Committee, Li Ganjie (李干杰), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and head of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, briefed non-CPC individuals on the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee.
Li Ganjie (李干杰) stated that the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was a very important meeting held on the new journey toward the second centenary goal, which is of great significance for further uniting the powerful strength of the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups across the country, and for uniting and striving to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. The "Suggestions" adopted by the plenary session, based on consolidating the foundation and exerting comprehensive efforts, made arrangements for the strategic tasks concerning the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and are important programmatic documents guiding economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
Li Ganjie (李干杰) stated that studying and implementing the spirit of the plenary session is a major political task for the united front in the current and future periods. The united front must deeply understand the major achievements made in China's development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, especially since the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," continuously enhance the "Four Consciousnesses," strengthen the "Four Confidences," and achieve the "Two Safeguards," and always maintain a high degree of consistency with the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core. It is necessary to effectively enhance the political consciousness, ideological consciousness, and action consciousness of studying and implementing the spirit of the plenary session, further unify thoughts, unify will, and unify actions, transform the CPC Central Committee's decisions and deployments into the political consensus and action guidelines of the united front, and jointly strive to basically realize socialist modernization.
Li Ganjie (李干杰) expressed the hope that the democratic parties, the Federation of Industry and Commerce, and non-party individuals will take the formulation and implementation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" as the focus of their deliberation and suggestions, closely focusing on building a modern industrial system, developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, building a strong domestic market, and other areas of concern to the CPC Central Committee, needed for national development, and where they themselves have advantages, conduct in-depth investigations and research, and actively offer suggestions. Organize the vast number of members, especially talents in the field of science and technology, to focus on high-level self-reliance in science and technology, focus on cutting-edge technology fields, strengthen original innovation, break through key core technologies and "choke points" in strategic and forward-looking fields, and contribute to promoting high-quality development. Optimize the implementation of "region + field" group-style assistance activities to promote the development results to benefit the people's livelihood more and better and to unite people's hearts. Adhere to and implement the "Two Unwavering," promote the "Two Healths," take the implementation of the Private Economy Promotion Law as an opportunity, promote the implementation of the requirement of equal treatment of state-owned and private enterprises from the system and law, guide private enterprises to strengthen their development confidence, adhere to their main business, and strengthen their real economy. Enhance political sensitivity and political discernment, effectively prevent and resolve risks and hidden dangers, and create a good social environment for the smooth implementation of the "15th Five-Year Plan." Continue to consolidate and expand the achievements of the theme education of "learning regulations, strengthening work style, and establishing image," enhance awareness of discipline and rules, and strengthen and improve work style in a normalized and long-term manner.
Zheng Jianbang (郑建邦), Ding Zhongli (丁仲礼), Cai Dafeng (蔡达峰), He Wei (何维), Wu Weihua (武维华), Su Hui (苏辉), Shao Hong (邵鸿), Jiang Zuojun (蒋作君), He Baoxiang (何报翔), Zhu Yongxin (朱永新), Yang Zhen (杨震) and others attended the briefing. Relevant persons in charge of the central committees of the democratic parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, representatives of non-party individuals, and relevant persons in charge of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee attended the meeting.
Return to TopPeople's Daily, Beijing, October 28th (Reporter Peng Bo (彭波)) The 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee held a constitutional oath ceremony at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) in Beijing (北京) on the afternoon of the 28th. Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠), Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, presided over and supervised the oath.
The 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, which just concluded, decided to appoint Zhang Shengmin (张升民) as Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国中央军事委员会); to appoint Hao Peng (郝鹏) as Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Financial and Economic Affairs Committee, Sun Shaocheng (孙绍骋) as Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Social Construction Committee, and Zhai Wei (翟炜) as Deputy Director of the Budget Work Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee. In accordance with the Constitution and the decision of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee on implementing the constitutional oath system, the above-mentioned personnel took the constitutional oath in accordance with the law.
Relevant responsible comrades from the National People's Congress (全国人大) and the General Office of the Central Military Commission (中央军委办公厅) participated in the oath-taking ceremony.
Return to TopThe Eighteenth Session of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress (第十四届全国人民代表大会常务委员会) has decided to make the following amendments to the Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People's Republic of China:
One article is added as Article 27: "The State Council (国务院) shall, based on the needs of national economic and social development and environmental protection, conduct pilot projects for levying environmental protection tax on enterprises, public institutions, and other producers and operators that directly discharge volatile organic compounds into the environment that are not included in the "List of Taxable Pollutants and Equivalent Values" attached to this Law. The pilot implementation measures shall be formulated by the State Council (国务院) and reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人民代表大会常务委员会) for record.
"The State Council (国务院) and its relevant departments shall, according to the characteristics of volatile organic compounds, reasonably set the scope of taxation and tax rate range, improve monitoring technology and emission calculation methods, strengthen work coordination, and accelerate the promotion of pilot work.
"Within five years from the date of implementation of the pilot implementation measures, the State Council (国务院) shall report to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人民代表大会常务委员会) on the pilot situation of levying environmental protection tax on volatile organic compounds and propose amendments to the law."
This decision shall come into force from the date of promulgation.
The Environmental Protection Tax Law of the People's Republic of China shall be amended accordingly based on this decision, and the order of the articles shall be adjusted accordingly and republished.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (新华社北京), October 28)
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 28th. He Lifeng (何立峰), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, met with members of the International Advisory Committee of the National Financial Regulatory Administration at the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse on the evening of the 28th. He responded to inquiries by introducing the Sino-US economic and trade situation, and stated that China is comprehensively implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, and in accordance with the deployment of the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposals, will unswervingly expand the high-level opening up of the financial sector to the outside world and accelerate the construction of a modern financial powerhouse. We welcome more foreign-funded financial institutions and long-term capital to invest and develop in China, and deepen cooperation with China.
The members of the International Advisory Committee of the National Financial Regulatory Administration expressed optimism about China's economic and financial development prospects and expressed their willingness to continue to cultivate the Chinese market and continuously expand investment and cooperation with China.
Return to TopBy: 孟繁哲
How can idle corners in community buildings and courtyards be effectively utilized? Building community gardens and connecting neighborhood warmth is a common exploration direction for both Beijing (北京市) and Shanghai (上海市).
Before the construction of the micro-garden in Huacai Community (华彩社区), Chaoyang District (朝阳区), Beijing (北京市), technicians and residents conducted on-site inspections together and discussed the design plan. After the garden was built, residents maintained it together, and the community environment improved significantly.
In Xujiahui Subdistrict (徐家汇街道), Xuhui District (徐汇区), Shanghai (上海市), there is a "sky community garden" whose design inspiration largely comes from the children of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Primary School (上海交通大学附属小学). Imitating building blocks to create flower boxes, incorporating the Xujiahui (徐家汇) skyline into the garden design... As whimsical ideas are realized one by one, the garden's popularity is also growing.
What are the inspirations for building community gardens? From providing better services to creating a more livable environment, and then to building more complete facilities, cities across the country are exploring new ways of connotative development. In the community garden construction of Beijing (北京市) and Shanghai (上海市), we can see a clear "stock account" of urban development: compared to pursuing scale expansion, focusing on improving the quality and efficiency of existing stock, revitalizing idle resources, and promoting functional improvement and space optimization are more effective.
The key question remains: how to turn existing stock into incremental development and improve the quality of the city?
To tap into existing stock, it is necessary to see things, but also to see people and see life.
The beauty of a city is not only reflected in the design of buildings, but also in the atmosphere of everyday life and neighborhood relationships. In the Southwest Street Community (西南街社区) of Chengdu (成都市), Sichuan Province (四川省), there are many elderly residents who have been hoping for a place to relax, drink tea, play chess, and listen to operas. The local government used idle land to plan and build a neighborhood living room, building flower corridors, tea houses, and stages, turning the residents' expectations into reality one by one. Changban Community (长坂小区) in Dangyang City (当阳市), Hubei Province (湖北省), is composed of 37 unit dormitories. Walls between buildings are common, and there is a lack of parking spaces, fitness equipment, sports venues, etc. The street coordinated the demolition of illegally built walls and built a series of supporting facilities to facilitate residents' sharing of the "15-minute convenient living circle." Practice has proven that in urban construction and renewal, based on the needs of the masses, listening to the voices of the people in planning, and solving the worries of the people in details, revitalizing existing stock can "revitalize" the hearts of the masses.
Tapping into existing stock depends 30% on construction and 70% on management.
Community gardens, sports venues, elderly care centers, children's libraries... After the completion of people's livelihood projects, who will manage them? Who will pay for the operating funds? These two major problems have always been difficulties in grassroots governance. In Shibei District (市北区), Qingdao City (青岛市), Shandong Province (山东省), the nursery under the Jiaozhou Bay Bridge (跨海大桥) viaduct has been transformed into a sports park. After the transformation, citizens have a good place for leisure and recreation and to get close to nature. The park has also developed some for-profit projects, which can gradually cover costs and make operations more sustainable. The market-oriented operation mechanism promotes continuous optimization of services and continuous updating of projects, which not only facilitates citizens but also allows existing resources to be more fully utilized.
Each city has different needs for people's livelihood and different endowments of service resources. To do a good job in tapping into existing stock, on the one hand, it is necessary to adapt to local conditions and explore personalized and diversified operation plans to improve the operation level of public facilities; on the other hand, it is also necessary to deepen reforms, make full use of market means, and promote the benign interaction and close cooperation between an effective market and an active government. Only in this way can the city's existing resources be continuously transformed into the people's sense of gain.
Tapping into existing stock requires stimulating residents' "participation increment."
How to determine the plan for the renovation of old residential areas? In the Democratic Village Community (民主村社区) of Jiulongpo District (九龙坡区), Chongqing (重庆市), a table, a few chairs, party members, cadres, designers, and resident representatives sit together, and the blueprint for the renovation becomes clearer in the discussions of the courtyard meetings.
The difficulty of tapping into existing stock is not small, either because of diverse interests and difficulty in satisfying everyone; or because of many clues and lack of a handle; or because of limited resources and inability to do so. Therefore, to do a good job in tapping into existing stock, we should innovate mechanisms, encourage joint construction, joint governance, and sharing, and do our best to build consensus, coordinate, and enhance people's well-being.
The "Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Promoting High-Quality Urban Development" proposes: "Activate the potential of urban existing resources." Facing the future, firmly establish the concept of "cities are built by the people and cities are for the people," reform and innovate, work hard and diligently, let existing resources release vitality, and tap into the benefits of existing resources. We will surely be able to better draw a beautiful picture of a "happy city."
Return to TopBy: 杨 楠
The display boards are limited, but constantly increasing one's knowledge reserves can make the history more thoroughly explained; making good use of red resources can sow the seeds of faith in the hearts of more people.
The light of the original aspiration transcends time and space, and the ideals of more than a hundred years ago continue to grow new flesh and blood. Today, who among those who tell and listen to stories is not a writer? We look back at history time and time again precisely to follow the path we came from and continue to write this epic about original aspiration and dreams.
Some time ago, the TV series "Silent Glory," adapted from real people and events, attracted countless people to follow its updates. Some people said, "The real history itself is shocking enough." This made me think of my own work.
I am a guide at the Memorial of the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中共一大纪念馆). This is the spiritual home of Chinese communists. More than a hundred years ago, 13 young people with an average age of only 28 years old conceived of a "world-shaking event." Over the past hundred years, this place has changed its appearance several times. But when the sunlight falls on the lintel of the shikumen and shines on the swastika-patterned gilded bat decorations, it seems that nothing has changed.
As a Party history educator, our task is to speak with historical facts and make history audible. I believe that telling the true history well has a shocking power.
I still remember when I had my job interview, the curator asked me a question: What do you think is the most important thing in doing guiding work? I answered "reverence."
Reverence for what?
Reverence for history and reverence for the audience. In 2024, the Memorial of the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中共一大纪念馆) received more than 3.1 million visitors. The microphones we wear are connected to history on one end and to the audience on the other. Every explanation is backed by real history and life, carrying struggle and sacrifice, and condensing faith and ideals. To have a sense of reverence is to respect history, restore historical facts, treat every reception as the most important reception, and do every narration with the heart of a child.
Because of reverence, we are dedicated and passionate. For guiding work, memorizing the script is a basic skill. But visitors come from all over the world, with different identities and ages. Some want to focus on understanding a certain period of history, and some are interested in figures related to their hometowns... Day after day, facing the same exhibition hall, we still need to maintain a sense of focus in familiarity. In this way, we can adjust the pace and content of the explanation at any time according to the audience's reaction within the limited reception time, and guide everyone from "being there" to "being in the heart."
Telling children how the volunteer army shot down enemy planes, showing Party members and cadres how the oath of joining the Party connects Li Hanjun (李汉俊) and his daughter, whom they have never met, and taking foreign friends to see how Chinese communists unite and lead the people to fight against poverty... We strive to concretize the printed words in history books into stories that can be felt at the moment, and strive to "chat" with more visitors so that they can resonate.
The display boards are limited, but constantly increasing one's knowledge reserves can make the history more thoroughly explained; making good use of red resources can sow the seeds of faith in the hearts of more people. We have established "Original Aspiration Lecture Hall" (初心讲堂), "Cultivating Virtue Lecture Hall" (树德讲堂), and "Industrial Development Lecture Hall" (兴业讲堂) to provide exchange platforms for Party member training, student research, and so on. In addition, we also go to communities, enter schools, and stand on the stage to carry out activities such as "Half-Hour Red Walk" to let the explanation go out.
The light of the original aspiration transcends time and space, and the ideals of more than a hundred years ago continue to grow new flesh and blood. In recent years, a "cultural and museum craze" has swept across society. In the first half of this year, we received 1.54 million visitors, an increase of 12.69% year-on-year. What is even more gratifying is that more and more young people are visiting the museum. Once, a young visitor looked at the statue of Chairman Mao (毛主席) making a writing gesture and said, "That pen has been passed on to us." Yes, today, who among those who tell and listen to stories is not a writer? We look back at history time and time again precisely to follow the path we came from and continue to write this epic about original aspiration and dreams.
Working in the birthplace of the Party, my youth is about telling the youth of many people, and my responsibility is to tell the "youth code" of the century-old Party. If this can allow visitors to remember a person, an exhibit, or a story, and be touched and generate strength, it will be the greatest meaning.
(The author is a guide at the Publicity and Education Department of the Memorial of the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中共一大纪念馆宣传教育部))
Return to TopBy: 王 浩
Providing long-term, stable, and safe water supply services to farmers living in scattered areas in a sustainable manner is no easy task.
There are limitations imposed by the topography. Dongxiang Village (东乡村), Yanzhen Town (燕子镇), Hefeng County (鹤峰县), Hubei Province (湖北), experienced a drought last year, and the villagers faced a water shortage. Village officials and villagers climbed steep slopes, searched for water sources, and laid pipelines to bring in mountain spring water.
There are infrastructure gaps. In Jiaxiang County (嘉祥县), Shandong Province (山东), urban and rural areas share "one network of water," but initially, the rural water supply pipeline network had low standards, resulting in low water volume and low water pressure.
Today, this situation has improved significantly. In Dongxiang Village (东乡村), the village has established a water management system, with dedicated personnel responsible for everything from water source protection to pipeline network maintenance. In Jiaxiang County (嘉祥县), "one water pipe" runs to the end, with interconnected water plants and pipeline networks, achieving the same source, quality, and service for urban and rural drinking water. Looking at the whole country, during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, more than half of the counties have achieved unified management, monitoring, operation, and service for rural water supply. Rural water supply projects are continuously improving, and the management and protection mechanisms are becoming increasingly sound.
The changes in water supply have profoundly affected rural life and powerfully demonstrate the warmth of people's livelihood. Currently, China has built the world's largest rural centralized water supply system serving the most people, becoming the country with the greatest efforts to improve the drinking water situation for the rural population globally. It is estimated that by the end of the "14th Five-Year Plan," the national water network coverage rate will reach 80.3%, the cultivated land irrigation area will reach 1.09 billion mu, and the rural tap water penetration rate will reach 96%.
However, rural water supply projects are numerous, widespread, and large in scale. It is not just a matter of building water conservancy projects, but a comprehensive issue involving resources, funds, and social management. To achieve the smooth flow of "harvest water" and clean water into households, it is necessary to effectively coordinate current and long-term needs, inputs and outputs, efficiency and fairness, and to address shortcomings and make up for deficiencies in a targeted manner, continuously improving the resilience and efficiency of the overall water network.
From the perspective of the national water network structure, backbone water conservancy projects focus on serving the overall situation, while small and micro water conservancy projects are based on local needs. Only by doing a good job of organic connection and playing a good game of water use can the overall benefits of the water network be better realized. In Jiaozuo (焦作), Henan (河南), the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion (南水北调) passes through the city. The local government built pumping stations and laid pipelines, connecting micro-circulation to the main channel, so that the gurgling "southern water" benefits a wider range. In Linze County (临泽县), Gansu (甘肃), major arteries such as the Heihe River (黑河) main stream and the Heihe River West Main Canal (黑河西总干渠) are intertwined with water distribution branches such as rural safe drinking water, building a solid county-level water network. To achieve greatness by focusing on the details, and to open up the "last mile" in planning the overall situation, many problems will have better solutions.
The difficulty of rural water supply is not entirely about whether there is water or not, but more about sustainability. After the facilities are built, rural water supply often faces challenges such as where the money comes from, who manages it, and how to manage it. The way out of these long-standing problems lies in institutional innovation. The Dayudu Irrigation Area (大禹渡灌区) in Shanxi (山西) implements classified water prices for grain crops and cash crops, and implements progressive price increases for water use exceeding the quota. While not increasing the overall burden on farmers, it alleviates the cost pressure of daily operation and maintenance. Litong District (利通区) in Wuzhong City (吴忠市), Ningxia (宁夏), explores "contract water saving + water rights trading," trading the water saved in the irrigation area to enterprises, turning resources into assets, and improving water saving benefits. Practice has proven that only by grasping key links, enhancing the initiative of reform, and continuously optimizing the system can we ensure the stable operation of the rural water network.
Rural water supply has significant public welfare attributes, but to continuously improve service quality, market mechanisms must be used well. On the one hand, it is necessary to strengthen planning guidance, standardize rural water conservancy construction, optimize the supply of public goods, and consolidate the bottom line of water supply security. On the other hand, it is necessary to actively introduce social capital, innovate investment and financing models, and continuously broaden funding sources and improve operational efficiency and management level through equity cooperation, contract water saving, and other methods. The "visible hand" and the "invisible hand" work together and promote each other to build a new pattern of rural water supply that is guaranteed, sustainable, and high-quality.
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) proposed: "Accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and steadily promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside." The water veins that run through the countryside are not only a necessary source for development, but also a driving force for hope. Continuously improving the quality of rural water supply, so that safe water flows to thousands of homes, will surely continue to nourish this land and continuously paint a new chapter of livable, workable, and beautiful countryside.
Return to TopIn Shaanxi's Xi'an Qinling Taiping National Forest Park (陕西西安秦岭太平国家森林公园), the "red leaves and waterfall in the same frame" scenery attracts many tourists to check in; Fujian's Nanjing Tulou Scenic Area (福建南靖土楼景区) has launched a "farm experience + local consumption" model, allowing tourists to participate in traditional agricultural activities; in Heilongjiang's Xingkai Lake National Nature Reserve (黑龙江兴凯湖国家级自然保护区), geese and ducks have become the main force of migratory birds, attracting many photography enthusiasts... Recently, various places have successively entered the autumn viewing season, and people are going out to enjoy the beautiful scenery, and the tourism market continues to be hot.
This is precisely:
Maple leaves and osmanthus dye the branches golden,
Clouds and water dance with the seagulls.
Don't say that autumn is all desolate,
Let's enjoy the leisurely travel in the frosty sky.
Yang Yuwen (杨羽文)
Return to TopBy: 柳 五
Many difficult problems in urban governance are often hidden in easily overlooked details. Fences around idle plots of land of various shapes not only affect the urban landscape but also easily cause inconvenience to citizens' travel. Recently, some cities have used fence management as a "cut-in point" to successfully release a large amount of urban space.
Although fences are small, they reflect the level of urban governance and development ideas. Disorganized and overdue "service" fences enclose idle and dormant resources and block spaces shared by citizens. Managing fences is by no means a simple "one-size-fits-all" demolition; it is a comprehensive test of urban governance concepts, models, and effectiveness.
Fence management practices show that a scientific method combining systematic governance and precise policies is essential. Some places have established a graded consultation mechanism and used methods such as list-based clarification of responsibilities and case-by-case policies to ensure the orderly and efficient progress of management work. Adhering to a multi-pronged approach of "demolish, retreat, expose, use, and retain" makes necessary fences more standardized and beautiful, and returns unnecessary fences to the city. Being realistic and not adopting a 一刀切 (yī dāo qiē - "one knife cut," a one-size-fits-all approach) is the prerequisite for the smooth progress of management work.
The effectiveness of governance should ultimately be reflected in the improvement of development quality and people's livelihood. The land released by fence management is precisely connected to the needs of citizens—newly built parking lots alleviate the "difficulty in parking," renovated parks and green spaces add "leisure places," and opened up dead-end roads and bridges smooth the "microcirculation"... Using the freed-up valuable space to address shortcomings in people's livelihood and improve functional quality can allow citizens to truly feel the changes around them.
Fences are the appearance, and dormant resources are the deep-seated problem. Combining fence management with solving urban development problems and revitalizing idle resources and stagnant projects reflects the ideological and working methods of grasping the essence through phenomena. This inspires us that urban governance must enhance the insight to penetrate problems and the execution to solve them in a coordinated manner, dare to touch contradictions, and be good at integrating resources, thereby turning "burdens" into wealth and turning "blockages" into highlights.
Of course, fence management also requires a regular and long-term mechanism. A temporary centralized cleanup is not difficult; what is difficult is how to prevent the phenomenon of "setting up after demolition" and "repeated excavation." Some places promote the standardized management of the entire process of approval, setting, supervision, and garbage disposal, and implement the "segmented short fence" model to reduce the impact on traffic. Similar practices are worth learning from. In the future, further efforts are needed in standard setting, dynamic supervision, and intelligent management to make temporary fences "temporary" in a clear manner and to make long-term fences "long-term" in a standardized and tidy manner.
The city is the city of the people. People's yearning for a better life is reflected in smooth roads, accessible green spaces, and livable environments. Adhering to systematic thinking, putting in enough "embroidery" effort, and doing a good job in long-term articles, we can continuously solve governance problems, improve people's well-being, and make the city a strong support for the people to pursue a better life. This is not only the value orientation of urban development but also the inevitable requirement for improving the level of governance modernization.
(Excerpted from *Jilin Daily (吉林日报)*, original title: "Fence Management: 'Demolishing' Space, 'Managing' Effectiveness")
Return to TopHow "A Touch of Fragrance" Becomes a New Consumption Highlight
Zhao Jiechang (赵杰昌), Shapingba District (沙坪坝区), Chongqing (重庆市)
Smelling, matching, blending... Recently, a perfumer vocational skills competition was held in Ningbo (宁波市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省). In the fragrant atmosphere interwoven with various spices, nearly 50 contestants from perfumery-related industries exchanged ideas and improved their skills through competition.
In recent years, from perfumes and aromatherapy to fragrances and essential oils, "a touch of fragrance" has become a growing highlight of new consumption, with more and more consumers choosing to pay for it. This reflects a specific direction of consumption upgrading. With the continuous improvement of living standards, people's consumption is no longer limited to necessities; more people are pursuing a higher quality of life. "A touch of fragrance" is closely linked to the current popular emotional value and sense of ritual consumption keywords, and has considerable development prospects.
It should also be noted that the current related industries still have considerable room for improvement and potential to tap in terms of product quality, business models, and talent career development. For example, many products have problems such as creative homogeneity and non-standard ingredient labeling, and related standards and regulatory governance need to be further improved; many companies lack cultural narratives and brand values that can impress consumers. In the long run, focusing on multi-level and personalized needs, focusing on humanistic core and emotional connotation to create product lines and innovation chains, "a touch of fragrance" can truly break through the circle and move towards the blue ocean.
Having "Substance" in Mind Enables Targeted Action
Jin Wenfeng (金文丰), Hefei (合肥市), Anhui Province (安徽省)
Having attended important meetings in a certain place many times, it was found that when participants from different places reported problems, they were very similar from the title to the content. The local leader pointed out sharply that this phenomenon should not allow the writing style to distort the work style.
Behind the identical content, there may be coincidences, but more often it is a problem of unrealistic work style. The reason is that some cadres do not conduct in-depth research, and when writing materials, they copy mechanically, taking common problems as individual problems; some write reports behind closed doors, simply piecing together materials reported at various levels. Generalizing complex situations easily leads to cognitive biases and misjudgments, which in turn affects problem solving and even delays development opportunities.
Having "substance" in mind enables targeted action, solving real problems and truly solving problems; finding the right position enables selecting the right development track and focus. Looking at the whole country, regional development is unbalanced, and "distances and heights vary." Even in a province or region, "**十个指头伸出来也不一般齐**" (shí gè zhǐ tóu shēn chū lái yě bù yī bān qí - "ten fingers extended are not all the same length," things are uneven and vary). Whether it is solving problems or promoting development, it requires being realistic and pragmatic, and adhering to "one key to open one lock." From developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions to promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside through classified policies, only by understanding strengths and weaknesses and clarifying the main direction of attack can decisions and deployments be transformed into practical actions, and policy dividends be transformed into development momentum, empowering the present and accumulating energy for the future.
Return to TopThis edition's email: rmbpl@peopledaily.cn (Please indicate the column name when submitting articles)
Return to TopBy: 中共中央党史和文献研究院
This year marks the 120th anniversary of the birth of Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤). Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was an outstanding member of the Communist Party of China, a famous leader of the workers' movement, an important leader of the Northeast People's Anti-Japanese National Salvation Movement, and also an important founder of the anti-Japanese armed forces of the Northeast People led by the Party. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) joined the Communist Party of China during the Great Revolution. From the fragrant shores of Xiangjiang (香江) in the south to the white mountains and black waters of the north, his revolutionary footprints have been left. He was arrested and imprisoned three times, suffering all kinds of torture from the enemy, but he always remained steadfast and unyielding. On August 29, 1933, he heroically died in Yuhuatai (雨花台), Nanjing (南京), at the young age of 28. He once said: "I will always fight for the interests of the proletariat. I have decided to dedicate my life to the revolution, and nothing can shake me."
1. Establishing Faith in the Torrent of the Great Revolution and Bravely Fighting for the Vital Interests of the Working Masses
In 1905, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was born in Nanhai County (南海县), Guangdong Province (广东省). Because his parents died early and life was difficult, he entered the Taikoo Dockyard (太古船厂) in Hong Kong (香港) as an apprentice at the age of 11. In his difficult youth, he suffered from the oppression of imperialism and the exploitation of capitalists, and developed a strong class consciousness and fighting spirit. Before the establishment of the Communist Party of China, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) actively participated in the workers' movement. In 1920, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) participated in the Hong Kong mechanical workers' strike demanding wage increases. The strike was victorious with the strong support of Guangzhou (广州) workers, which made Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) deeply realize that workers can only have strength if they form alliances, organize, and unite to fight. Subsequently, he participated in planning the establishment of the Taikoo Dockyard Chinese Machinery Workers' Union, determined to fight for the vital interests of the working masses.
After the establishment of the Communist Party of China, organizations at all levels from the central to the local level devoted their main energy to the workers' movement. In 1922, the Hong Kong Seamen's Strike, which was the starting point of the first upsurge of the workers' movement led by the Party, broke out. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) immediately responded and organized a workers' meeting at the Taikoo Dockyard to mobilize workers to fight to the end. This struggle achieved a victory in increasing wages, strengthened the momentum of the Hong Kong Seamen's Strike, and also aroused the fear of the capitalists. They colluded with the Hong Kong British authorities and arrested Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) on the grounds of inciting workers to strike. After being released from prison, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) did not change his original intention and continued to organize workers to unite and fight, promoted the establishment of the Hong Kong Metal Industry Workers' Union, and was elected as one of the leaders. After the first Kuomintang-Communist cooperation was realized in 1924, the Party Central Committee successively sent Zhou Enlai (周恩来) and Chen Yannian (陈延年) to serve as the main leaders of the Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China. The Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Yang Yin (杨殷) and Chen Rixiang (陈日祥) to Hong Kong to carry out work. Influenced by them, in the torrent of the revolution, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) gradually established his Marxist belief and joined the Communist Party of China in the spring of 1925.
After the May 30th Massacre in 1925, a vigorous anti-imperialist wave was set off across the country, and large-scale strikes broke out in Guangzhou (广州) and Hong Kong (香港). Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) participated in the leadership work of the Guangdong-Hong Kong Strike Committee. He went deep into the shipyards in Hong Kong to mobilize workers to join the strike struggle, led Hong Kong workers to Guangzhou (广州) to participate in anti-imperialist demonstrations, organized workers to participate in the picket team to armed blockade Hong Kong, and protested against the Shaji Massacre (沙基惨案) atrocities manufactured by imperialism. During the strike, in order to strengthen the unity of the working class and increase combat effectiveness, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and the Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China carried out the Guangdong-Hong Kong Trade Union Unification Movement, requiring the merger of multiple trade unions into a unified trade union according to the categories of industry and occupation. Under the active preparation and careful guidance of Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) and others, the Hong Kong Metal Industry General Union, jointly composed of the Hong Kong Metal Industry Workers' Union, the Hong Kong Mechanical Workers' Federation, and others, was established in Guangzhou (广州) in April 1926. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was appointed as the Party Group Secretary of the Hong Kong Metal Industry General Union. The Guangdong-Hong Kong strike lasted for 16 months, demonstrating the great strength and fighting spirit of the Chinese working class, and writing a glorious page in the history of the Chinese revolution. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤), as one of the "leaders and organizers" of this strike movement, demonstrated a firm revolutionary stance and outstanding leadership talent. After the strike, he was elected as a member and standing committee member of the Hong Kong Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, and continued to lead the workers' movement, becoming a famous leader of the workers' movement.
2. Staying in the Central Committee During the White Terror, Conducting Practical Guidance and Theoretical Exploration to Promote the Recovery and Development of the National Workers' Movement
In the spring and summer of 1927, Chiang Kai-shek (蒋介石) and Wang Jingwei (汪精卫) successively betrayed the revolution. In August, the Party Central Committee held the August 7th Conference in Hankou (汉口), establishing the policy of land revolution and armed uprising.
At that time, the Party organization in Guangzhou (广州) was severely damaged, and communists and patriotic people were arrested and massacred. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) always stood on the front line of the struggle, successively serving as a member of the newly established Guangzhou Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China and a member of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, continuing to organize and lead armed struggles. He participated in leading the Guangzhou Uprising (广州起义), which shocked China and foreign countries, and personally led the First Regiment of the Workers' Red Guards to attack the Public Security Bureau and the Security Team. In the Guangzhou Soviet government established after the uprising, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was arranged to work in the People's Foreign Affairs Committee. After the failure of the uprising, he transferred to Hong Kong (香港) to engage in secret work. In January 1928, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) served as a standing committee member of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. In February, the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China was destroyed, and Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was arrested again. He suffered all kinds of cruel torture in prison, but never revealed the Party's secrets. Finally, he was rescued from prison by the Party organization and continued to work for the Party.
From the end of April to the beginning of May 1928, Comrade Zhou Enlai (周恩来) and others went to Moscow (莫斯科) to participate in the Sixth National Congress of the Party. At the same time, the Party Central Committee decided that Li Weihan (李维汉), Ren Bishi (任弼时), and Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) would form the Standing Committee of the Provisional Central Committee, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping (邓小平) as the Secretary-General of the Central Committee, presiding over domestic work. So, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) came to Shanghai (上海) and shouldered the important task entrusted by the Party.
At the First Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Party, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was elected as an alternate member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. He participated in the Standing Committee and special talks convened by the Central Committee many times, and put forward effective opinions and suggestions on strengthening the urban workers' movement, secret work, and propaganda of the Soviet. In December 1928, under the guidance of Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤), the French Power Branch of the Communist Party of China actively carried out activities and organized workers of the Shanghai French Water and Electricity Company to conduct a strike struggle that lasted for 24 days. In January 1929, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to reorganize the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, with Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) serving as the Secretary of the Provincial Committee. After that, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) successively served as the Secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Secretary of the Southern Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and other important positions.
During this period, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) conducted valuable theoretical explorations on the workers' movement. He successively published articles such as "The Development of the Recent Urban Workers' Movement," "Overview of the Recent Trade Union Movement Under Counter-Revolutionary Rule," and "After the Resumption of Work by Shanghai Postal Workers" in the Party Central Committee's organ publication "Bolshevik" and the organ newspaper "Red Flag." In these articles, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) conducted a comprehensive and in-depth investigation and analysis of the economic income, living conditions, and workers' movement of workers in Hunan (湖南), Guangdong (广东), Shanghai (上海), Beijing (北京), and other places, pointing out that "the lives of workers are completely in a desperate situation" and "there is only a way out by uniting and resisting." He proposed that "the working class should unite regardless of factions," and that different measures such as "expanding," "reorganizing," "overthrowing," and "eliminating" should be taken for trade unions of different natures, and that "trade unions should be managed by the workers themselves and not interfered with by any counter-revolutionary factions." He believed that "our struggle should adopt new tactics," "unite with the peasants to fight to riots, and there should be artistic organization in the struggle, and coordination with the deployment of rural struggles." Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) also criticized the erroneous ideas of reformism, pointing out that "the final way out for the working class is only to use armed riots" to overthrow the reactionary regime and "establish a congress of workers, peasants, and soldiers - the Soviet." These insights and understandings were far-sighted during the revolutionary low tide after the failure of the Great Revolution.
Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) attached great importance to theoretical propaganda work. In December 1928, on his suggestion, the organ publication of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, "Chinese Workers," was secretly re-published in Shanghai (上海). He personally wrote the "Preface," praising "Chinese Workers" as "the lighthouse of all Chinese workers," "We celebrate its eternal guidance of the working class, its long-lasting illumination of the national workers, and its guidance of us out of darkness and into light!" In March 1929, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) proposed at the enlarged meeting of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China that "the political influence of the Party should be expanded." Under his leadership, the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China successively founded publications such as "Shanghai News" and "Education Weekly," and the district committees and factory branches founded many popular publications and factory tabloids with the daily life and struggle of workers as the subject matter, strengthening the propaganda of the Party's theoretical policies and expanding the Party's public opinion front.
In December 1930, the Party Central Committee decided that Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) would be the person in charge of the Standing Committee of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. In March 1931, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) served as the Party Group Secretary of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, continuing to organize and lead the national workers' movement, and making outstanding contributions to the recovery and development of the workers' movement.
3. Participating in the Creation of the Anti-Japanese Armed Forces of the Northeast People Led by the Party at a Time of National Crisis, Organizing the Northeast People to Rise Up in Resistance Between the White Mountains and Black Waters
Before the September 18th Incident in 1931, the Party Central Committee sent Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) to serve as the representative of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in the Northeast, to guide the work of the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China. In December, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) served as the Secretary of the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Minister of the Organization Department, becoming an important leader of the Party in launching the anti-Japanese struggle in the Northeast.
After the September 18th Incident occurred, the Kuomintang government adopted a policy of compromise and concession towards Japan's invasion of Northeast China. At the critical moment of the national crisis, the Communist Party of China took the lead in holding high the banner of armed resistance against Japan. The day after the incident occurred, the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China held an emergency meeting. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) and other comrades of the Provincial Committee analyzed the nature of the incident, discussed and determined the tasks and strategies of the Provincial Committee, and issued the "Declaration of the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China on the Armed Occupation of Manchuria by Japanese Imperialism" after the meeting. The declaration pointed out that "the reason why Japanese imperialists can occupy Manchuria is entirely the result of the surrender of the Kuomintang warlords to imperialism," "only the armed forces of the working, peasant, and soldier laboring masses are the real force against imperialism," and "only under the leadership of the Communist Party can imperialism be driven out of China!"
Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) always had confidence in resisting the Japanese invaders, asserting that the three northeastern provinces would not be destroyed, and calling on all Communist Party members to join the people of the Northeast in persisting in resisting Japan to the end. Under the severe situation, he first led the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China to actively restore, rectify, and develop the Party organization. After requesting and obtaining approval from the Central Committee, the Provincial Committee moved its headquarters from Shenyang (沈阳) to Harbin (哈尔滨), which had not yet been occupied by the Japanese army, and deployed all aspects of the Party's work with the creation of anti-Japanese guerrilla teams and the development of guerrilla warfare as the center. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) and other comrades of the Provincial Committee fought side by side, on the one hand, carrying out anti-Japanese propaganda in cities such as Shenyang (沈阳), Harbin (哈尔滨), and Dalian (大连), calling on and organizing workers, students, and citizens to strike, boycott classes, and boycott markets, and on the other hand, organizing the people of the Northeast to carry out anti-Japanese struggles in rural areas, setting off a massive upsurge of the mass anti-Japanese national salvation movement on the vast black land.
In March 1932, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) presided over a meeting of the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, specifically studying the issue of creating guerrilla teams directly led by the Party. The meeting discussed and passed the document "Armed People's Masses to Resist Japan and Save the Country and Carry Out Guerrilla Warfare," pointing out that only by creating people's armed forces directly led by the Party in the mass struggle can we ensure thorough resistance against Japan and save the country; at the same time, the Party should use such armed forces as the core force to support, assist, and unite all other anti-Japanese armed forces to jointly resist the Japanese invaders. After the meeting, the Provincial Committee successively sent Yang Jingyu (杨靖宇), Zhao Shangzhi (赵尚志), Feng Zhongyun (冯仲云) and other comrades to Southern Manchuria, Bayan (巴彦) and Tangyuan (汤原) and other places to directly guide the creation of local guerrilla teams and the development of anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) attached great importance to the importance of armed struggle, personally explaining work tasks and methods to Party cadres sent to various places, and encouraging them to contribute to the Northeast national liberation struggle. The Communist Party members who were sent to various places closely relied on the local Party organizations, went deep into the masses, and created a number of anti-Japanese guerrilla teams in Southern Manchuria, Eastern Manchuria, Northern Manchuria, and Jidong (吉东) and other regions. These anti-Japanese guerrilla forces led by the Party continued to grow and develop, and later developed into the Northeast People's Revolutionary Army and the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Army. After the birth of the people's anti-Japanese armed forces led by the Party, they became active on the anti-Japanese battlefield with a new look, becoming the backbone force of the anti-Japanese armed forces in the Northeast.
Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) especially attached importance to the guidance of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army, pointing out that our Party's responsibility is to turn these spontaneous struggles into organized and led struggles. Under his leadership, the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting to study and summarize the experiences and lessons of the Provincial Committee in the work of the Volunteer Army, issued a series of instructions, and proposed that "we should use 100% of our strength to strengthen political and military leadership," so as to "establish a united anti-Japanese front for the people." Under his advocacy, the Provincial Committee successively sent hundreds of Party members and League members to directly participate in the Volunteer Army, and all sectors of society also actively carried out fundraising to support the Volunteer Army. The rapid development of the Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army in various parts of the Northeast severely打击了日本侵略者的猖狂气焰 (**dǎ jī le Rìběn qīnlüè zhě de chāngkuáng qìyàn** - "struck the arrogance of the Japanese invaders," to deal a blow to the overweening arrogance of the Japanese invaders),滞缓了日军的侵略步伐 (**zhì huǎn le rì jūn de qīnlüè bùfá** - "delayed the pace of the Japanese army's invasion," to slow down the advance of the Japanese army), and鼓舞了东北人民抗日救国的信心和斗志 (**gǔwǔ le Dōngběi rénmín kàngRì jiùguó de xìnxīn hé dòuzhì** - "inspired the confidence and fighting spirit of the Northeast people to resist Japan and save the country," to boost the morale of the Northeast people in their fight against Japanese aggression).
During his work in the Northeast, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) persisted in anti-Japanese guerrilla warfare under extremely difficult conditions, and strived to form anti-Japanese armed forces led by the Party, becoming a loyal and courageous practitioner of the Communist Party of China's leadership in resisting Japan in the Northeast. In December 1932, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was ordered to leave the Northeast and go to Shanghai (上海) to work, serving as the Party Group Secretary of the Shanghai Executive Bureau of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions. In March 1933, due to the betrayal of a traitor, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was arrested in Shanghai (上海), and heroically died on August 29 of the same year.
4. "A Glorious Model for Every Revolutionary"
Although Comrade Luo Dengxian's (罗登贤) life was short, it was rich in experience and full of revolutionary fighting spirit. After his sacrifice, the "Red China," the organ newspaper of the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Republic, published an article "In Memory of Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤)." Time flies, and Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) has been gone from us for more than 90 years, but his revolutionary spirit and noble demeanor will always be, as the article said, "a glorious model for every revolutionary."
Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) is a model of firm belief and loyalty to the Party. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) suffered inhuman torture in prison. The enemy brutally whipped his whole body with water-soaked leather whips, pressed his legs with iron bars, and subjected him to cruel electric shocks, so that "blood was stained everywhere, and the muscles were rotten in pieces," but he still faced the enemy's guns with his head held high, full of confidence in the victory of the revolution. Before his execution, he慷慨陈词 (**kāngkǎi chéncí** - "speak with fervor and conviction," to express oneself generously and passionately): "It is not a pity for me to die personally, but it is a pity for all ages that the national people have not been liberated and the responsibility has not been fulfilled!" Comrade Soong Ching Ling (宋庆龄) praised him as "China's anti-imperialist fighter" and "a typical example that the Chinese people should be proud of." General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "The belief in communism and the belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics are the political soul of communists and the spiritual pillar for communists to withstand any test." In the new era and new journey, we learn from Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤), we must take the belief in Marxism and the belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics as our lifelong pursuit, always believe in the Party, love the Party, and work for the Party, and constantly advance the practice of striving for lofty ideals.
Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was a model of one who was unafraid of hardship and courageous in pioneering. Throughout Comrade Luo Dengxian's (罗登贤) revolutionary career, daring to take responsibility and being pragmatic were his distinct characteristics. In his youth, Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) distinguished himself in the Hong Kong Seamen's Strike. Amidst the White Terror, he was among the first to join the new Guangzhou Municipal Party Committee, leading the armed struggle. During the critical autumn of leading the Northeast Anti-Japanese War, he insisted that "Communists must share weal and woe with the people of the Northeast" and that "no one within the Party is allowed to propose leaving the Northeast," leading the establishment of the new CPC Manchuria Provincial Committee and quickly opening up the work situation. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Taking responsibility and acting should involve genuine hard work and dedication, and we must never engage in empty talk or fail to put words into action." In the new era and on the new journey, as we learn from Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤), we must be doers who take action, pioneers who overcome difficulties, dare to show our swords in the face of major issues of principle, dare to meet challenges head-on in the face of contradictions, and dare to step forward in the face of crises.
Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was a model of one who disregarded fame and fortune and selflessly dedicated himself. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) always put the cause of the Party and the interests of the people first, obeyed the overall situation, and never considered the level of his position or personal gains and losses. He obeyed the needs of the Party and was transferred from the central government to work for the CPC Jiangsu Provincial Committee. In the Northeast, after leaving the leading position of the CPC Manchuria Provincial Committee, he continued to work diligently as a central representative. He used practical actions to interpret the true meaning of "fame and achievement are not about me, but struggle is about me." General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must aspire to do great things, not to become great officials, maintain a peaceful state of mind, take a dim view of personal advancement and retreat, and work wholeheartedly for the Party and the people." In the new era and on the new journey, as we learn from Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤), we must have the境界 of "success does not have to be achieved by me" and the commitment of "success will definitely have me," correctly treat fame and fortune, and correctly view advancement, retreat, retention, and transfer.
Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) was a model of one who dared to struggle and was good at struggling. Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤) participated in organizing workers to carry out strike struggles when he was only a 15-year-old teenager. In the Northeast, facing the Japanese invaders, he said: "Wherever the enemy tramples on our compatriots, we Communists will be there with the people to fight against the enemy." In prison, he denounced the traitors who came to persuade him to surrender, led his comrades in prison to carry out unremitting struggles against the enemy, and firmly stated: "I will always be loyal to the nation and the proletariat; they can beat me, but they can never subdue me." General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Daring to struggle is the political gene inherent in our Party and the distinct character honed over a century. Our Party relies on struggle to create a glorious history, and it must rely on struggle to open up a bright future." In the new era and on the new journey, as we learn from Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤), we must carry forward the spirit of struggle, strengthen our will to struggle, master the laws of struggle, enhance our ability to struggle, overcome all the difficulties and obstacles on the road ahead, and continuously seize new victories in the great struggle of the new era.
This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, and also the 120th anniversary of the birth of Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤). The entire Party and the people of all ethnic groups across the country are full of confidence in comprehensively building a modern socialist country and comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and the beautiful ideals for which generations of Chinese Communists have struggled are being realized step by step. We must inherit and carry forward the noble spirit and demeanor of Comrade Luo Dengxian (罗登贤), unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, comprehensively implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Party and the Second, Third, and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 20th Central Committee, forge ahead with determination, work diligently, and strive unremittingly to comprehensively promote the building of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization!
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张丹华 高 炳 贾丰丰
Civilized rural customs are the soul of rural revitalization. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized the need to "cultivate civilized rural customs" and "improve the level of civilized rural customs construction." From October 29th to 30th, the China Civilized Rural Customs Conference was held in Yan'an (延安) City, Shaanxi (陕西) Province.
Recently, reporters from this newspaper traveled to Yan'an (延安) and presented the practice of civilized rural customs construction here through three special features, feeling the "tremendous changes in the mountain villages" from the outside to the inside in the new era.
——Editor
A Hoe, Inheriting the Red Gene
Nanniwan (南泥湾) in late autumn has beautiful scenery. Driving through Daoxiangmen (稻香门), you are greeted by the Party Emblem Square, and not far away are thousands of acres of golden rice fields.
"The good times we have now were dug out by the commanders and fighters of the 359th Brigade with one hoe after another." In a farmhouse in Nanniwan (南泥湾) Village, Hou Xiuzhen (侯秀珍), an elderly woman in her 80s, is leaning against the wall, telling tourists the story of Nanniwan (南泥湾). On the outer wall of the cave dwelling, large characters are painted in red paint: "The Nanniwan (南泥湾) Spirit is Passed Down from Generation to Generation."
In 2020, Hou Xiuzhen (侯秀珍) took out all her family's savings and built six rooms in her yard to display revolutionary cultural relics and old photos of the 359th Brigade that she had collected for many years. Among them, an old hoe is particularly eye-catching. More than 80 years ago, Hou Xiuzhen's (侯秀珍) father-in-law, Liu Baozhai (刘宝斋), was the deputy company commander of the 9th Company of the 719th Regiment of the 359th Brigade, and he used this old hoe.
"In those days, people used it to reclaim wasteland and grow grain." Hou Xiuzhen (侯秀珍) pointed to the old hoe and said, "Now, to promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, the old hoe cannot be lost."
For a while, the rice planting area in Nanniwan (南泥湾) once shrank. "The restoration of rice fields is not easy." Cao Jie (曹杰), deputy general manager of Yan'an Nanniwan (延安南泥湾) (Group) Agricultural Co., Ltd., said with emotion, standing on the newly renovated field埂 in Nanyangfu (南阳府) Village, Nanniwan (南泥湾) Town.
The irrigation system was in disrepair for a long time, and the villagers repaired it with shovels and hoes; the soil was severely salinized, and everyone improved it bit by bit. Over the years, from Nanniwan (南泥湾) Village to the surrounding Gaofang (高坊) Village, Taobaoyu (桃宝峪) Village, etc., rice fields have been restored and connected one by one.
"'Rotten Mud Bay' has become 'Good Southern China', thanks to the hoes of the Eighth Route Army soldiers. Now, to revitalize the land, we have to rely on the people to pick up new 'hoes'." Cao Jie (曹杰) said. By introducing advanced agricultural machinery and equipment such as unmanned rice transplanters, combine harvesters, and drones, farmers have improved production efficiency, are more energetic in their work, and have more hope for their lives.
The military-civilian wells and cave dwellings of that year have been built into red tourist attractions; the collected old photos and old objects are displayed in the village history museum... Nanniwan (南泥湾) Village has built a platform for learning the Nanniwan (南泥湾) spirit and used the red gene to build civilized rural customs. Revolutionary site visits, rice field study tours, and special agricultural product tasting... Diverse business formats continue to activate development momentum. In 2024, Nanniwan (南泥湾) received more than 1 million tourists.
The Yan'an (延安) countryside not only retains 332 revolutionary sites, but also integrates the red gene into the construction of civilized rural customs in a way that revitalizes inheritance. Yan'an (延安) systematically integrates cultural resources and has embarked on a road of integrated development of "Party building + cultural tourism."
A Poplar Tree, Witnessing Green Fashion
In late autumn, walking into the hinterland of Baiyu (白于) Mountain, the rolling mountains are covered with colorful forests.
Arriving at the village history museum in Nangou (南沟) Village, Wuqi (吴起) County, a photo hanging on the wall attracted reporters who came to "explore the green" - a poplar tree standing alone on the cliff; in the distance, the ridges were bare. The photo was taken in 2001.
"Let's go, go up the mountain to find the tree." Following villager Liu Zhihong (刘志宏), climb up the small slope behind the village. You can see that the poplar tree on the opposite cliff is still vigorous. The difference is that the entire ridge next to it is already lush with vegetation.
In 1999, Yan'an (延安) sounded the "green charge" and launched the "Grain for Green" project. Nangou (南沟) Village took the lead in launching this magnificent "green revolution" in Yan'an (延安). "At the beginning, many villagers couldn't figure out 'closing the mountains for grazing' - there is not enough food for people to eat by growing grain. How can there be enough for sheep to eat by growing grass?" Liu Zhihong (刘志宏) remembers that after repeated persuasion from village cadres, the villagers gradually dispelled their doubts, "So everyone carried tree seedlings, iron shovels, and dry food, crossed deep ditches, climbed up the ridges, and dug pits and planted trees on the slopes."
The "green paintbrush" plus the "passage of time" has resulted in a "mountain miracle." As of the end of 2024, Yan'an (延安) has completed 10.775 million mu of returning farmland to forest, with a vegetation coverage rate of 81.3%. Nangou (南沟) Village is also lush, with flowers in three seasons and green in all four seasons.
In the early days of returning farmland, the sheep raised by villagers needed to be converted into captive breeding, and everyone was not very happy. "Looking back now, only when the ecology becomes better can life be better." Liu Zhihong (刘志宏) said.
What has changed is not only the landscape. "The villagers can't tell the big truth, they just say they are living a 'green life'." In the view of Bai Tao (白涛), secretary of the Nangou (南沟) Village Party Branch, the ecological concept is integrated into the rural customs, and the production and lifestyle of the people have also begun to "green upgrade."
In those days, villager Kuang Zhiwu (匡志武) raised 90 sheep and always wondered why he had to grow grass. Now, he has become a "white-collar worker" at his doorstep - Kuang Zhiwu (匡志武) works as an operator at the village's popular tourist project, the Rainbow Slide, with a monthly salary of 2,800 yuan.
Rainbow slides, water swing bridges, apple picking gardens... Nangou (南沟), which has a new look, has seen a boom in rural tourism. In 2024, the per capita annual income of villagers is nearly 20,000 yuan. Bai Tao (白涛) said with emotion: "The people in the old revolutionary base area are exploring new lives on a broader stage."
A Waist Drum, Beating Out New Sounds of Tradition
An'sai (安塞), Yan'an (延安), Fengjiaying (冯家营) Village. Walking into the courtyard of villager Zhou Zhizhan's (周志战) home, a burst of sonorous drumbeats breaks the silence of the Loess Plateau.
"The weather is clear, let's have some fun!" With a white sheep belly towel and a red belt, the waist drum is hung on his body, and Zhou Zhizhan (周志战) is full of energy. "For tourists, the waist drum is a performance; but for our own people, the waist drum is a way to communicate. In the waist drum, there are new rural customs!"
The waist drummers of Fengjiaying (冯家营) Village have been on the Spring Festival Gala and the World Expo, and their fame has long flown out of northern Shaanxi (陕北) and across the country. "Waist drummers have become disseminators of civilized new customs." Zhou Zhizhan (周志战) said.
Everyone is a villager and a teammate of the waist drum team, and they all have the "business card" of the waist drum on their bodies. If there is anything, "face to face", it is easier to resolve any contradictions and disputes.
The small waist drum beats out a new landscape of civilization and also beats out a new flavor of getting rich. "Throughout the year, the performances are fully scheduled!" Zhou Zhizhan (周志战) has a bright voice, and he is full of pride when he speaks, "After a performance, thousands of yuan are steadily pocketed!"
In 2018, the village built a waist drum culture village, and the cave dwellings attract tourists from far and near to check in. Wang Yanbin (王延斌), the village branch secretary, said: "The villagers are busy rehearsing programs and participating in performances. They earn money, their bodies are strong, and there are fewer quarrels!"
Walking into Fengjiaying (冯家营) Village, not only can you hear the sound of waist drums, but also farmer paintings and paper-cuts can be seen everywhere. On the corridor of civilized rural customs, the brightly colored farmer paintings do not depict landscapes but good people - "good mother-in-law" Chen Sifang (陈思芳), "good daughter-in-law" Fan Miao (范苗)... These "role models around" are hung on the walls and remembered in the hearts of the villagers.
The rural customs civilization council is the "navigation device" in everyone's mind. "I recommend and I evaluate the good people around me" and the selection of "civilized families" are strictly controlled by morality. The stories of the red list figures are spread more and more, and the villagers follow and catch up, and learning from good people and doing good deeds has become a new trend.
The sound of the drums is getting louder and louder, and the drumbeats are getting tighter and tighter. In Zhou Zhizhan's (周志战) yard, more and more villagers and tourists are gathering, and the good show belonging to Fengjiaying (冯家营) Village has begun.
Return to TopThis report was published in Kuala Lumpur on October 28th (Reporter Zhang Niansheng (章念生), Wang Di (王迪)) On October 28th, local time, Premier of the State Council Li Qiang (李强) attended the 28th China-ASEAN Leaders' Meeting in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Li Qiang (李强) stated that, as President Xi Jinping (习近平) said during his visit to Southeast Asia in April, unity is strength, and cooperation leads to win-win outcomes. This year marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War. During that war, China and Southeast Asian countries supported each other and fought side by side, ultimately winning independence and liberation. In the decades that followed, we have developed together, achieving rapid economic growth through mutual inspiration and cooperation, and overcoming major difficulties such as financial crises, tsunamis, and the COVID-19 pandemic through mutual assistance and concerted efforts. The current international situation has seen many new changes. China and ASEAN countries should more firmly strengthen unity and self-reliance, gather greater synergy, eliminate external interference, safeguard their legitimate rights and interests through mutual reliance and coordinated action, and promote steady economic growth through mutual exchange and deepened cooperation.
Li Qiang (李强) pointed out that China is willing to strengthen the alignment of development strategies with ASEAN countries, implement the "Plan of Action to Implement the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (2026-2030)," and continue to promote the building of a closer China-ASEAN community with a shared future. First, make strategic mutual trust more solid. Strengthen strategic communication and properly handle differences. China will continue to support the promotion of peaceful resolution of disputes between Cambodia and Thailand through the "ASEAN way." It is necessary to accelerate the consultation on the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea" and strive to reach an agreement as soon as possible. Second, make the integration of interests more in-depth. Taking the implementation of the upgraded Protocol to the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 as an opportunity, accelerate the promotion of trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and strengthen industrial integration. China will continue to inject capital into the China-ASEAN Cooperation Fund, and is willing to establish a China-ASEAN Digital Academy with ASEAN countries, build an artificial intelligence cooperation platform mechanism, and establish a maritime development and technology cooperation center to deepen cooperation in transportation, digital economy, green economy, disaster prevention and mitigation, and climate change. Third, make emotional connections more solid. Successfully hold the closing ceremony of this year's cultural exchange year, designate 2026 as the "5th Anniversary Theme Year of the Establishment of the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership," accelerate the establishment of the China-ASEAN Tourism Ministers' Meeting and Education Ministers' Meeting mechanisms, and make good use of the China-ASEAN administrative colleges and think tank cooperation network. China is willing to work together with ASEAN countries to promote the steady and long-term development of cooperation between China and ASEAN.
The leaders of ASEAN countries attending the meeting stated that ASEAN-China relations have continued to develop in depth, and cooperation in various fields has yielded fruitful results, bringing broad benefits to the people of the region, and has become a model of mutual respect and mutually beneficial cooperation in regional cooperation. ASEAN countries are willing to strengthen strategic communication with China, enhance political mutual trust, jointly implement the "Plan of Action to Implement the China-ASEAN Comprehensive Strategic Partnership (2026-2030)" and the upgraded Protocol to the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0, expand cooperation in economy and trade, connectivity, digital economy, green development, energy, education, tourism, and combating transnational crime, strengthen people-to-people bonds, and promote the ASEAN-China comprehensive strategic partnership to a higher level. ASEAN is willing to reach the "Code of Conduct in the South China Sea" with China as soon as possible, and make positive contributions to regional peace, security and stability.
Before the meeting, Li Qiang (李强) and Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar (安瓦尔), the rotating chair of ASEAN, jointly witnessed the signing of the upgraded Protocol to the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Beijing (北京) October 28th dispatch (Reporter Jiang Jie (姜洁)) The National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) (全国政协) "Member Science Lecture Hall" was held in Beijing (北京) on the 28th, with a popular science lecture on the theme of "Gravitational Waves: New Messengers of Cosmic Mysteries." Shen Yueyue (沈跃跃), Vice Chairperson of the National Committee of the CPPCC (全国政协), attended.
Cai Ronggen (蔡荣根), member of the National Committee of the CPPCC (全国政协) and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), introduced the past, present, and future prospects of gravitational waves from multiple dimensions, including theoretical predictions, experimental detection, and scientific significance, and interacted with the audience. More than 700 people, including some national and local CPPCC (政协) members, scientific researchers, and teacher and student representatives, participated.
The "Member Science Lecture Hall" is a practical action by the National Committee of the CPPCC (全国政协) to thoroughly implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important exposition on doing a good job in popular science work, and an important part of the National Committee of the CPPCC (全国政协) members' performance of their duties in "serving the people," aiming to give play to the professional advantages of CPPCC (政协) members and make positive contributions to improving the scientific literacy of the general public.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 28th (Reporter Wang Bin (王宾)) - Wang Dongfeng (王东峰), Vice Chairman and Secretary-General of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协) , attended the "CPPCC Entry" event for senior visiting scholars of the "Dongfang Scholarship (东方奖学金)" in Beijing (北京) on the 28th and delivered a speech, introducing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee (中共二十届四中全会) and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference's (人民政协) advice and suggestions for the formulation of the "15th Five-Year Plan (十五五)" and other situations. Senior visiting scholars from 50 countries participated.
Return to TopThis newspaper Tianjin (天津) October 28th (Reporter Jin Bo (靳博)) Song Tao (宋涛), Director of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council, met with a delegation led by Hsiao Hsu-tsen (萧旭岑), the incoming Vice Chairman of the Chinese Kuomintang (中国国民党), in Tianjin (天津) on the 28th.
Song Tao (宋涛) stated that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) sent a congratulatory message to Ms. Cheng Li-wen (郑丽文) on her election as Chairman of the Chinese Kuomintang (中国国民党), pointing out the direction for the development of relations between the two parties and across the Taiwan Strait. We have established Taiwan Retrocession Day to solemnly commemorate the 80th anniversary of Taiwan's retrocession, inspiring compatriots on both sides of the Strait to remember history, defend the achievements of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, safeguard our common homeland, and jointly create a future for the nation. Standing at a new starting point, we must adhere to the One China principle and the "1992 Consensus," oppose "Taiwan independence," strengthen exchanges between the two parties, promote cross-strait exchanges and cooperation, jointly promote Chinese culture, jointly promote national reunification, firmly safeguard the common home of the Chinese nation, and work together to create a better future for the Chinese nation.
Hsiao Hsu-tsen (萧旭岑) stated that the people of Taiwan (台湾) are tired of manipulating "resisting China to protect Taiwan" and do not want to see confrontation across the Taiwan Strait again. Both sides of the Strait are descendants of Yan and Huang (炎黄子孙) and belong to the Chinese nation. It is hoped that the Kuomintang (国民党) and the Communist Party (共产党) can strengthen cross-strait exchanges and cooperation on the common political basis of adhering to the "1992 Consensus" and opposing "Taiwan independence," promote peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait, benefit the people on both sides of the Strait, and jointly create the great cause of national rejuvenation.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on October 28th (Reporter Peng Bo (彭波)) The 18th meeting of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee concluded at the Great Hall of the People (人民大会堂) in Beijing (北京) on the afternoon of the 28th. The meeting voted and approved the newly revised Maritime Law, the Decision on Amending the Organic Law of Villagers Committees, the newly revised Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees, the Decision on Amending the Cybersecurity Law, and the Decision on Amending the Environmental Protection Tax Law. President Xi Jinping (习近平) signed Presidential Decrees No. 58, 59, 60, 61, and 62 respectively to promulgate them. The meeting voted and decided to appoint Zhang Shengmin (张升民) as Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军事委员会) of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国), and to remove He Weidong (何卫东) from the post of Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission (中央军事委员会) of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国). Chairman Zhao Leji (赵乐际) presided over the closing meeting.
159 members of the Standing Committee attended the meeting, and the number of attendees met the quorum.
The meeting voted and approved the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee's decision to approve the "Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction," the decision to approve the "Decision 5/4 of the Fifth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Minamata Convention on Mercury on Amendments to Annex A and Annex B of the Minamata Convention on Mercury," the decision to approve the "Treaty between the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国) and the Republic of Zimbabwe on Criminal Justice Assistance," and the decision to approve the "Treaty between the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国) and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia on Criminal Justice Assistance."
The meeting voted and approved the reports on the results of the deliberation of the motions submitted by the delegations to the Presidium of the Third Session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) presented by the National People's Congress (全国人大) Supervision and Judicial Committee, the Financial and Economic Committee, the Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee, the Environment and Resources Protection Committee, and the Social Construction Committee.
The meeting voted and approved the report of the Credentials Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee on the qualifications of individual deputies.
The meeting voted to appoint Hao Peng (郝鹏) as Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Financial and Economic Committee, and Sun Shaoсheng (孙绍骋) as Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Social Construction Committee; to remove Xu Hui (徐辉) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Constitution and Law Committee, to remove Zhang Xuan (张轩) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Supervision and Judicial Committee, to remove Li Jinghai (李静海) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee, to remove Hao Ping (郝平) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Foreign Affairs Committee, to remove Jing Hanchao (景汉朝) from the post of Deputy Director of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Social Construction Committee; to remove Xia Guang (夏光) from the post of Deputy Director of the Budget Work Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee, and to appoint Zhai Wei (翟炜) as Deputy Director of the Budget Work Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee.
The meeting voted to appoint Wang Zhongming (王中明) as Vice President, member of the Adjudication Committee, and Judge of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院), and to remove He Xiaorong (贺小荣) from the post of Vice President, member of the Adjudication Committee, and Presiding Judge of the Fourth Circuit Court of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院); to remove Zhang Jin (张进) from the post of Procurator-General of the Military Procuratorate of the People's Liberation Army of China (中国人民解放军军事检察院), and to appoint Sun Xiujun (孙秀君) as Procurator-General of the Military Procuratorate of the People's Liberation Army of China (中国人民解放军军事检察院).
The meeting also voted on other appointment and removal matters.
Vice Chairpersons of the National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠), Wang Dongming (王东明), Xiao Jie (肖捷), Zheng Jianbang (郑建邦), Ding Zhongli (丁仲礼), Cai Dafeng (蔡达峰), He Wei (何维), Wu Weihua (武维华), Tie Ning (铁凝), Peng Qinghua (彭清华), Zhang Qingwei (张庆伟), Losang Jamcan (洛桑江村), and Shohrat Zakir (雪克来提·扎克尔), and Secretary-General Liu Qi (刘奇) attended the meeting.
Vice Premier of the State Council He Lifeng (何立峰), President of the Supreme People's Court Zhang Jun (张军), responsible comrades of the National Supervisory Commission and the Supreme People's Procuratorate, members of the special committees of the National People's Congress (全国人大), responsible comrades of the standing committees of the people's congresses of various provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, principal responsible comrades of the people's congresses of some sub-provincial cities, some deputies to the National People's Congress (全国人大), and responsible comrades of relevant departments attended the meeting as observers.
After the closing meeting, the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee held the 19th special lecture, presided over by Chairman Zhao Leji (赵乐际). Han Wenxiu (韩文秀), Deputy Director of the Central Finance Office in charge of daily work and Director of the Central Rural Work Leading Group Office, gave a lecture entitled "Ensuring Decisive Progress in Basically Achieving Socialist Modernization - Studying, Understanding and Implementing the Spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee."
Return to TopThis newspaper's Xiong'an (雄安) dispatch on October 28th (Reporter Shao Yuzi (邵玉姿)) "2025 Xiong'an (雄安) Brand Night" was held on October 28th in Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), Hebei (河北). This event is a featured activity of the "2025 China Brand Forum" and aims to build an exchange platform for everyone to deeply understand Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), this city of the future.
The relevant responsible comrade of the Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) Reform and Development Bureau systematically introduced the construction and development of Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) and the policy system, including Xiong'an New Area's (雄安新区) undertaking of relief support policies, science and technology innovation policies, and specific industry policies in subdivided fields. The event released the theme MV "Our Xiong'an (雄安)". "Our Xiong'an (雄安)" is the first AIGC (Artificial Intelligence Generated Content) city theme song created by People's Daily (人民日报社) for Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), and it is also the first domestic city theme song that deeply integrates artificial intelligence technology and is sung by human-machine collaboration. The theme song was written by Xin Sheng (欣声) and composed by Shu Nan (舒楠), pioneering the integration of AI vocals and real children's voices in a joint performance.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 陈尚文
"Currently, the forces driving economic globalization are intertwined with those hindering it, but the driving forces still outweigh the obstacles. A new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation is developing in depth, and the world economy's digitalization, greening, and intelligentization are accelerating, accumulating strong momentum for the re-acceleration of economic globalization." On November 15, 2024, President Xi Jinping (习近平) delivered a written speech at the APEC CEO Summit held in Lima, Peru (秘鲁利马), profoundly grasping the laws of world economic development and contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to high-quality development in the Asia-Pacific region.
Planning for the big picture, shouldering great responsibilities, and following the right path. As a member of the Asia-Pacific family, China adheres to the concept of benefiting all mankind with scientific and technological achievements, deepens green innovation cooperation with all parties, and actively promotes higher-quality and more resilient development in the Asia-Pacific region.
Igniting the Engine of Digital Economic Development
On the vast coast of the Pacific Ocean, the Port of Chancay (钱凯港) in Peru (秘鲁), South America's first smart and green port, is a hive of activity.
On the docks, giant blue automated bridge cranes operate with precision, and intelligent driving container trucks shuttle back and forth; in the central control area, the port production operating system distributes work plans to bridge cranes, rail cranes, and container trucks, directing their automatic operation... Cynthia Gaspar (辛西娅·贾斯帕), a young Peruvian, sits in front of a computer screen, lightly tapping her fingers to complete the millimeter-level docking of container spreaders and freighter decks.
The opening of the Port of Chancay (钱凯港) has shortened the one-way sea transportation time between China and Peru (秘鲁) to 23 days, saving more than 20% in logistics costs. The automated operation scene on the dock is a vivid reflection of the Port of Chancay's (钱凯港) reliance on technologies such as the Internet of Things, digital twins, and artificial intelligence integration, achieving efficient and precise all-weather operation of the port area through a "computing power-driven" model.
In Thailand's (泰国) Eastern Economic Corridor (东部经济走廊), the first digital free trade zone jointly built by Chinese enterprises and Thailand (泰国) is located. Here, cross-border commodities are equipped with transaction orders, payment orders, and logistics orders, and "electronic three-order comparison" can be verified and released at one time, greatly improving customs clearance efficiency. The application of digital technology makes the process of goods from entering Thailand (泰国) to being delivered to consumers traceable and associable. The full-link customs clearance declaration on the merchant side and the full-link digital management on the regulatory side have reduced the fulfillment time of China-Thailand (中泰) cross-border e-commerce from 10 days to 3 days. Surasi Tanatrang (苏拉西·塔纳唐), director of the Thailand-China Strategic Research Center of the National Research Council of Thailand (泰国国家研究院泰中战略研究中心), believes that digital technology not only brings about an efficiency revolution but also reshapes the industrial ecology of the Asia-Pacific region.
Innovation is an important driving force for Asia-Pacific development. China is deeply promoting the innovative development of the digital economy, synergistically promoting digital industrialization and industrial digitalization, proposing initiatives such as APEC digital village construction, enterprise digital identity, and the use of digital technology to promote green and low-carbon transformation, and taking the development of new quality productive forces as an important traction, promoting international cooperation, and continuously injecting momentum into the digital, intelligent, and green transformation and development of the Asia-Pacific region.
Data, as a key element of the digital economy, plays an increasingly important role in innovation, development, and public governance. China released the "Global Data Cross-border Flow Cooperation Initiative," which puts forward constructive solutions to the data cross-border flow governance issues of general concern to all parties, clarifies China's position on promoting global data cross-border flow cooperation, advocates adhering to the principles of openness, inclusiveness, security, cooperation, and non-discrimination, promotes the construction of an open and win-win international cooperation pattern for data cross-border flow, and promotes efficient, convenient, and secure data cross-border flow.
In the view of Li Ziwenz (李子文), former Mexican Ambassador to China (墨西哥前驻华大使), China is in a world-leading position in areas such as digital infrastructure and digital technology development, and has the ability and willingness to contribute to promoting global digital economy governance, including APEC members such as Mexico (墨西哥) can carry out more cooperation with China in these areas.
Thickening the Green Background of Asia-Pacific Growth
In the north of the Yucatan Peninsula (尤卡坦半岛) in Mexico (墨西哥), the Ciralam Mangrove Reserve (齐拉姆红树林保护区), covering an area of more than 690 square kilometers, has more than 590 species of flora and fauna, dozens of which are endangered and key protected species.
Since 2022, Chinese enterprises have joined hands with the International Union for Conservation of Nature and the Yucatan (尤卡坦) State Government to launch the "Technology for Nature" digital technology cooperation project in the reserve. The first phase of the project collects audio and video data in the reserve, uses artificial intelligence to analyze and process data on the cloud platform, and then monitors biodiversity indicators to provide solid technical support for species protection and ecological research. According to statistics from the Yucatan (尤卡坦) State Government, as of April 2025, the above-mentioned project has identified 147 species, including a total of 16 jaguar activity traces that were recorded and confirmed locally for the first time.
The Cirata Reservoir (芝拉塔水库) lies quietly among the mountains of West Java Province (西爪哇省) in Indonesia (印度尼西亚). On the green water, square "islands" are connected to the shore by "roads" composed of cables, forming a unique landscape. The Cirata Floating Photovoltaic Power Generation Project (芝拉塔漂浮光伏发电项目), undertaken by Chinese enterprises, is Indonesia's (印尼) first and Southeast Asia's largest floating photovoltaic project, and its current power generation accounts for 25% of Indonesia's (印尼) total new energy power generation. Veronica Saraswati (维罗妮卡·萨拉斯瓦蒂), director of the Indonesia-China Partnership Research Center (印尼—中国伙伴关系研究中心), said that cooperation with China will further improve Indonesia's (印尼) overall technical and management capabilities in the field of green energy.
In Chile (智利), Chinese brand electric buses are operating on a large scale, providing low-carbon, environmentally friendly, efficient, and convenient public transportation solutions for the capital Santiago (圣地亚哥); in Malaysia (马来西亚), Chinese enterprises are helping the national brand Proton (宝腾) turn losses into profits, helping it build a full-industry chain factory for electric vehicles and start production... The rapid growth of exports of the "new three items" represented by new energy vehicles has added momentum to China's high-quality economic development and also provided important support for the industrial transformation and upgrading of Asia-Pacific countries.
In the view of Andre Correa do Lago (安德烈·科雷亚·多拉戈), President-designate of the 30th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, China has become one of the countries that provide the most solutions and make the most outstanding contributions to global climate action.
China promotes the construction of a green "Belt and Road," continuously deepens cooperation in green infrastructure, green energy, green transportation, and other fields, and supports the capacity building of developing countries through the South-South Cooperation Special Fund for Addressing Climate Change. China has proposed APEC cooperation initiatives such as green agriculture, sustainable cities, energy low-carbon transformation, and marine pollution prevention, and promoted the joint construction of a clean and beautiful Asia-Pacific region.
Li Jiancong (李健聪), a member of the Malaysian Parliament and chairman of the Regional Strategy Research Institute (区域策略研究所主席), said that over the years, China has actively responded to climate change, promoted the green economy agenda, shared relevant experiences and technologies through South-South cooperation, and firmly promoted the multilateral process of climate governance, playing an important role in APEC.
Actively Integrate into the Global Innovation Network
In a farmland in the suburbs of San Fernando (圣费尔南多), O'Higgins Region (奥伊金斯大区), central Chile (智利), pilot Marioli Carrasco (玛丽奥莉·卡拉斯科) is busy "arranging" weeding operations for drones. After simple coefficient settings, this smart agricultural drone developed by a Chinese enterprise autonomously plans the optimal operation route and evenly sprays herbicides on the ground. Carrasco (卡拉斯科) praised that advanced artificial intelligence technology effectively reduces the use of agricultural chemicals and helps farms achieve cost reduction and efficiency increase.
In a high-end medical institution in Singapore (新加坡), thanks to the intelligent analysis and follow-up system developed by a Chinese enterprise, the calculation time of single-case image examination data is shortened to 2 to 3 minutes, and radiologists are freed from repetitive image comparison work. In Brunei (文莱), the "Beidou Anti-Fatigue Supervision System" jointly built by Chinese enterprises and Brunei (文莱) Muara Port Co., Ltd. (摩拉港有限公司) can carry out pre-prevention, in-process early warning, and post-event evidence collection of safety hazards in the transportation process, and strengthen driving behavior supervision.
China has always attached importance to strengthening scientific and technological innovation exchanges and cooperation under the APEC framework, promoting the scientific and technological capacity building of regional countries, especially developing countries, and allowing the fruits of scientific and technological innovation to better benefit the people of all countries: proposing the "Global Artificial Intelligence Governance Initiative," releasing the International Science and Technology Cooperation Initiative, and taking the lead in launching the "Open Science International Cooperation Initiative"; jointly building joint laboratories, international technology transfer centers, and other innovation platforms, and promoting the global opening and sharing of major scientific and technological infrastructure platforms; accelerating the construction of international science and technology innovation centers and regional science and technology innovation centers, and exploring innovation-driven development paths in accordance with local conditions...
In the view of Vitaly Mankevich (维塔利·曼克维奇), chairman of the Russian-Asian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (俄罗斯—亚洲工业家和企业家联盟主席), the concept of open cooperation advocated by China is in line with the trend of technological innovation cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region and even the world, and can benefit participants universally.
"Innovation is the core driving force of APEC development." Quan Bingrui (全炳瑞), director of the Korea China Economic and Financial Research Institute (韩国中国经济金融研究所所长), said that from building a mutually beneficial and win-win "Digital Silk Road" to actively integrating into the global innovation network and deeply participating in global science and technology governance, China's concepts and actions go hand in hand, working with all countries to jointly build a better future for Asia-Pacific innovation and sustainability.
Return to TopBy: 戴 兵
At the invitation of South Korean President Lee Jae-myung (李在明), President Xi Jinping (习近平) will travel to Gyeongju, South Korea, from October 30 to November 1 to attend the 32nd APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting and pay a state visit to South Korea. This will play an irreplaceable strategic guiding role in the development of China-South Korea strategic cooperative partnership and the stability and prosperity of the Asia-Pacific region.
China and South Korea are important close neighbors and partners to each other, with a long history of friendly exchanges and close ties of realistic interests. In recent years, the once-in-a-century changes have accelerated, and the international situation has been intertwined with changes and chaos. China-South Korea relations have entered a critical period of either advancing or regressing. After the establishment of the new South Korean government in June this year, President Xi Jinping (习近平) and President Lee Jae-myung (李在明) had a phone call, leading to a good start for bilateral relations. Under the new era and new situation, the two sides should start from the "heart," strengthen friendly cooperation, and create a better future together.
The two sides should have a 与时俱进 (yǔ shí jù jìn - "advance with the times," keeping pace with the times; adapting to changing circumstances) consensus. In 1992, China and South Korea broke the ice of the Cold War and achieved historic diplomatic relations. Over the past 33 years, China and South Korea have transcended differences in ideology and social systems, actively promoted exchanges and cooperation in various fields, achieved mutual success and common development, and made important contributions to regional peace and prosperity. Today, profound changes have taken place in the respective development of China and South Korea and the international and regional situation. A healthy, stable, and continuously deepening China-South Korea relationship conforms to the trend of the times and the fundamental interests of the two peoples. It is necessary for both sides to revisit and adhere to the original aspiration of establishing diplomatic relations, objectively recognize each other and the changing international environment in a way that keeps pace with the times, and build a joint force to enhance understanding, consolidate mutual trust, and deepen cooperation.
The two sides should have the confidence to open up new prospects. China-South Korea economic and trade cooperation has a solid foundation, and the industrial supply chains of the two sides are deeply integrated. China has long been South Korea's largest trading partner and export market, and South Korea has become China's second-largest trading partner. In recent years, the industries of the two countries have gradually shifted from complementary vertical division of labor to horizontal close cooperation. It is a fact that the competitive aspects of some industries have increased, but the overall strategic and mutually beneficial nature of cooperation has not changed. At present, a new round of technological revolution is leading the global industrial transformation. China and South Korea, as global powers in science, technology, innovation, and manufacturing, should "join hands strongly" in emerging fields such as artificial intelligence, green and low-carbon, high-end manufacturing, and biomedicine to achieve a higher level of mutually beneficial and win-win results.
The two sides should have the sincerity to consolidate friendship. China and South Korea are geographically close, have close people-to-people ties, and share cultural affinity. The vast majority of people in both countries hope that China-South Korea relations will get better and better. In November 2024 and September 2025, China and South Korea successively implemented visa facilitation measures, and the number of mutual visits between the two peoples has increased significantly. The two sides should actively carry out local, educational, sports, and cultural exchanges, and encourage people from both countries, especially young people, to interact face-to-face, understand each other, and forge friendships. Recently, heartwarming and friendly stories such as the China Coast Guard rescuing a South Korean fishing boat, the South Korean Coast Guard rescuing Chinese citizens, a Chinese driver saving South Korean tourists, and a South Korean driver rescuing Chinese students have deeply touched the people of both countries. This is the main theme of the friendly public sentiment between the two countries.
The two sides should have the determination to eliminate interference. As close neighbors, China and South Korea inevitably have some differences. The key is to view them rationally, grasp the overall situation, and resolve them through communication. The fundamental driving force for the development of China-South Korea relations is the common interests of both sides. The China-South Korea strategic cooperative partnership is not directed against any third party, let alone subject to any third party. The two sides should adhere to good-neighborliness and friendship, respect each other's core interests and major concerns, and resist external interference with firm strategic autonomy. As beneficiaries and supporters of economic globalization, China and South Korea should jointly oppose unilateralism and protectionism, resist unilateral bullying and "decoupling and severing chains," and safeguard the international free trade system and the stability and smooth flow of industrial supply chains.
Following 2005, South Korea will host the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting again after 20 years. China firmly supports South Korea in hosting the meeting and wishes the meeting a complete success. China will take over as the host of APEC in 2026. It is believed that South Korea will also fully support China in successfully hosting the meeting. It is hoped that China and South Korea will work closely together to grasp the general trend of the times and send out a strong message of openness, inclusiveness, cooperation, and win-win results. The recently concluded Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee reviewed and approved the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal, outlining the blueprint for China's development in the next five years. China's promotion of Chinese-style modernization with high-quality development will provide more opportunities for the common prosperity of China and South Korea and even the Asia-Pacific region. China is willing to work with all parties to hold high the banner of the Asia-Pacific community with a shared future, adhere to true multilateralism and open regionalism, fully implement the Putrajaya Vision, and jointly write a new chapter of open and win-win cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region.
All sectors in South Korea are eagerly looking forward to President Xi Jinping's (习近平) visit. Standing at a new historical starting point, China is willing to work with South Korean friends to jointly implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, promote the continuous development of bilateral relations, better benefit the two peoples, and promote peace and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region and the world!
(The author is the Chinese Ambassador to South Korea)
Return to TopI. Appoint Zhang Shengmin (张升民) as Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China.
II. Remove He Weidong (何卫东) from the position of Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the People's Republic of China.
Return to TopThe Eighteenth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Fourteenth National People's Congress decided to approve the "Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction" (hereinafter referred to as the "Agreement"), signed on September 20, 2023, at the United Nations Headquarters in New York by the representative of the Government of the People's Republic of China. At the same time, the following declarations are made:
1. In accordance with Articles 10, paragraph 1, and 70 of the Agreement, the People's Republic of China makes an exception declaration regarding the application of the Agreement. For the People's Republic of China, the provisions of the Agreement shall only apply to activities related to marine genetic resources and digital sequence information on marine genetic resources from areas beyond national jurisdiction that are collected and generated after the Agreement enters into force for the People's Republic of China, and shall not apply to the utilization of marine genetic resources and digital sequence information on marine genetic resources from areas beyond national jurisdiction that were collected or generated before the Agreement enters into force for the People's Republic of China.
2. In accordance with Article 71 of the Agreement, the People's Republic of China makes the following declarations regarding the Agreement:
(1) In accordance with Articles 1, paragraph 2, 3, 6, and 18, etc., of the Agreement, the Agreement shall only apply to the high seas and the Area; the Agreement and its implementation shall not prejudice the sovereignty, sovereign rights, or jurisdiction of States, including any disputes related thereto; area-based management tools established under the Agreement, including marine protected areas, shall not include any area within national jurisdiction, or any area involving claims of national sovereignty, sovereign rights, or jurisdiction. Based on the above, the territorial sovereignty of the People's Republic of China is under no circumstances affected by the Agreement and its implementation; the maritime rights of the People's Republic of China in areas within its national jurisdiction are under no circumstances affected by the Agreement and its implementation.
(2) In accordance with Articles 2, 5, etc., of the Agreement, the Agreement and its implementation shall properly address the relationship between the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity, cooperate and coordinate with relevant international legal instruments, frameworks, and institutions, and shall not undermine the functions and operations of relevant international legal instruments, frameworks, and institutions.
(3) In accordance with Article 47, paragraph 5, of the Agreement, the Conference of the Parties to the Agreement shall make every effort to adopt decisions and recommendations by consensus.
3. Unless otherwise notified by the Government of the People's Republic of China, the Agreement shall not apply to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (香港特别行政区) and the Macao Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区) of the People's Republic of China for the time being.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 彭 波
On October 28, 2025, the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee voted to adopt the Decision on Amending the Organic Law of Villagers Committees and the newly revised Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees. President Xi Jinping (习近平) signed Presidential Decrees No. 59 and No. 60 to promulgate them, effective from January 1, 2026. Recently, the heads of the Central Social Work Department (中央社会工作部), the Social Construction Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大社会建设委员会), and the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会法制工作委员会) answered questions from reporters on relevant issues.
Q: What is the background, basic principles, and main content of the revision of these two laws? What is its significance?
A: The grassroots mass autonomy system is a basic political system stipulated by China's Constitution. The Organic Law of Villagers Committees and the Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees are legislative implementations of the Constitution's provisions on the grassroots mass autonomy system. Since their implementation, they have played an important role in upholding and improving the grassroots mass autonomy system, strengthening the construction of grassroots democratic politics, and vigorously developing whole-process people's democracy. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的十八大), the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平同志) at its core has emphasized the importance of strengthening grassroots governance and upholding and improving the grassroots mass autonomy system from the height of consolidating the Party's ruling foundation and ensuring the people's well-being, and has made a series of major decisions and deployments to improve the system of the Party's comprehensive leadership over grassroots governance and improve the vibrant grassroots mass autonomy system, achieving significant achievements. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的二十大) and the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee (二十届三中全会) clearly required improving the grassroots mass autonomy mechanism under the leadership of grassroots Party organizations. To implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平总书记) important exposition on grassroots governance and the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, it is necessary to carefully summarize the practical experience of grassroots governance and adapt to the new situation, new tasks, and new requirements to revise and improve the two laws. This is an inevitable requirement for upholding and strengthening the Party's comprehensive leadership over grassroots governance, an important measure for upholding and improving the grassroots mass autonomy system and developing whole-process people's democracy, and a realistic need for strengthening the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity.
The revision follows the following basic principles: First, strengthen the Party's leadership over grassroots mass autonomy work to ensure that the Party's leadership runs through the entire process and all aspects of the work of village (resident) committees. Second, grasp the nature and positioning of village (resident) committees as grassroots mass autonomous organizations, and consolidate and develop the grassroots mass autonomy system. Third, adhere to problem orientation, study and absorb mature experiences in practice, and at the same time leave room for local exploration. Fourth, adhere to the concept of system, make consistent provisions for similar situations adjusted by the two laws, make provisions that conform to reality for urban and rural differences, and do a good job of connecting with other laws. The main contents of the revision include: adhering to and strengthening the Party's comprehensive leadership over grassroots governance, improving the provisions on the composition and responsibilities of village (resident) committees, improving the election system of village (resident) committees, adding special provisions for democratic consultation, improving the system of village (resident) meetings and village (resident) representative meetings, improving the system and mechanism of democratic management and democratic supervision, and improving the work guarantee system of village (resident) committees.
The revision of these two laws is a vivid practice of Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on the rule of law in the field of grassroots governance. It is of great significance for improving the urban and rural grassroots governance system that combines Party organization leadership, rule of law, and moral governance, enhancing the effectiveness of urban and rural community residents' self-management, self-service, self-education, and self-supervision, improving the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, ensuring the people's direct exercise of democratic rights in accordance with the law, and promoting the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity. Relevant parties should conscientiously do a good job in learning, publicizing, and preparing for implementation to ensure the comprehensive and effective implementation of the two laws.
Q: What are the provisions for strengthening the Party's leadership over grassroots mass autonomy work in grasping Party building to lead grassroots governance?
A: General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平总书记) pointed out that the grassroots is the foundation and source of strength for the Party's governance. Grassroots governance must adhere to and strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership. The Constitution of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党章程) requires village (community) Party organizations to uniformly lead various grassroots organizations and work in the region, and support and ensure that grassroots mass autonomous organizations fully exercise their powers. This revision strengthens the Party's leadership over grassroots mass autonomy work, clarifies that the work of village (resident) committees adheres to the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the grassroots organizations of the Party in villages (communities) lead and support the village (resident) committees in carrying out their work, and gives play to the leading role of village (community) Party organizations in key links such as democratic elections, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management, and democratic supervision; and raises mature experiences such as strictly controlling the political qualifications of village (resident) committee member candidates, "four discussions and two public announcements" ("四议两公开"), "one shoulder pick" ("一肩挑"), and cross-appointment to the level of legal system.
Q: What systems and measures have been stipulated to vigorously develop whole-process people's democracy and ensure that grassroots people directly exercise their democratic rights?
A: Grassroots democracy is an important manifestation and vivid practice of whole-process people's democracy. As grassroots mass autonomous organizations, village (resident) committees have played an important role in developing grassroots democracy and consolidating grassroots political power, fully demonstrating the authenticity, breadth, and effectiveness of whole-process people's democracy. This revision improves the system and mechanism of village (resident) committees implementing democratic elections, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management, and democratic supervision, further guarantees the villagers' (residents') rights to know, participate, express, and supervise, ensures that villagers (residents) directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law, and injects new impetus into the development of whole-process people's democracy: First, improve the election system of village (resident) committees to ensure that villagers (residents) exercise their right to vote in accordance with the law; second, clarify and standardize the organization of democratic consultation by village (resident) committees to make the expression of the masses' demands more smooth and effective; third, improve democratic decision-making mechanisms such as village (resident) meetings and village (resident) representative meetings; fourth, improve democratic management regulations such as autonomous charters, village rules and folk agreements, and resident conventions; fifth, improve democratic supervision content such as village (resident) affairs disclosure and village (resident) affairs supervision.
Q: What requirements have been stipulated to implement the Party Central Committee's decision-making and deployment to reduce the burden on the grassroots?
A: General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平总书记) emphasized that resources, services, and management should be placed at the grassroots level as much as possible to ensure that grassroots affairs are handled at the grassroots level, grassroots power is given to the grassroots level, and grassroots affairs are handled by someone. In recent years, various localities have adhered to the clear orientation of focusing on the grassroots and have continued to deepen the work of reducing the burden on the grassroots. This revision implements the Party Central Committee's decision-making and deployment to reduce the burden on the grassroots, improves the responsibilities of village (resident) committees, further strengthens the guarantee of the work of village (resident) committees, and clearly stipulates that local people's governments at all levels should establish and improve a long-term mechanism to rectify formalism and reduce the burden on the grassroots. If village (resident) committees need to assist in carrying out work or entrust village (resident) committees to assist in carrying out work, it should comply with laws and regulations and provide necessary conditions and guarantees, providing a legal basis for reducing the burden on villages (communities); from the aspects of funding, facilities, personnel training, and information technology construction, provisions have been made for people's governments at all levels to guarantee the work of village (resident) committees; further improve the fundraising mechanism for community service projects, village collective economy supports village public affairs and public welfare undertakings, and relevant units stationed in rural areas and units stationed in communities support the work of village (resident) committees, providing a mechanism guarantee for village (resident) committees to link various resources and guide various forces to participate in rural governance and community governance.
Q: What improvements have been made to the responsibilities of village (resident) committees to promote grassroots mass autonomy and strengthen the construction of grassroots political power?
A: This revision implements the Party Central Committee's decision-making and deployment and the provisions of the Constitution and laws, responds to development needs and practical work, implements the requirements of reducing the burden on the grassroots and ensuring that village (resident) committees perform their duties in accordance with the law, and further standardizes and refines the responsibilities of village (resident) committees: First, in terms of strengthening publicity and guidance, support and guide villagers (residents) to practice socialist core values and forge a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation; second, in terms of maintaining social harmony and stability, assist in organizing villagers (residents) to participate in joint prevention and joint governance, assist in handling petition matters and coordinating and resolving conflicts and disputes, and assist in doing a good job in responding to emergencies; third, strengthen service guarantees for the masses, focus on old-age care, childcare, and assistance for the weak, and care for the elderly, children, the disabled, and villagers (residents) in difficulty; fourth, guide all parties to participate, support and guide various social forces to participate in grassroots governance and services; fifth, standardize property management services, respond to residents' demands, guide and assist in the establishment of owners' meetings and the election of owners' committees, assist in guiding and supervising owners' meetings and owners' committees to perform their duties in accordance with the law, and assist in mediating property disputes.
Return to TopThe 18th Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress decided to approve the "Amendments to Annex A and Annex B of the Minamata Convention on Mercury by Decision 5/4 of the Fifth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Minamata Convention on Mercury" adopted in Geneva on November 3, 2023, by the Fifth Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Minamata Convention on Mercury.
Return to TopThe 18th Session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress decided to approve the "Treaty between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Zimbabwe on Criminal Justice Assistance," signed in Beijing (北京) on September 3, 2024, by the representative of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国).
Return to TopThe 20th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th People's Congress of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西壮族自治区) elected Wei Tao (韦韬) as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The 18th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress confirmed the validity of Wei Tao's (韦韬) qualifications as a deputy based on the report submitted by the Credentials Committee.
The Standing Committee of the Hunan Provincial People's Congress decided to remove Xu Dazhe (许达哲) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Standing Committee of the Hainan Provincial People's Congress decided to remove He Qiongmei (何琼妹) from her position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Standing Committee of the Guizhou Provincial People's Congress decided to remove Yang Sanke (杨三可) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Military Representatives Assembly of the General Office of the Central Military Commission decided to remove Sun Bin (孙斌) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Naval Military Representatives Assembly decided to remove Yuan Huazhi (袁华智) from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Standing Committee of the Beijing Municipal People's Congress decided to accept Wang Xiqin's (王希勤) resignation from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. The Standing Committee of the Liaoning Provincial People's Congress decided to accept Wang Xinyu's (王心宇) resignation from his position as a deputy to the 14th National People's Congress. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Deputies to the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses at All Levels," the qualifications of Xu Dazhe (许达哲), He Qiongmei (何琼妹), Yang Sanke (杨三可), Sun Bin (孙斌), Yuan Huazhi (袁华智), Wang Xiqin (王希勤), and Wang Xinyu (王心宇) as deputies are terminated. In accordance with the relevant provisions of the "Electoral Law of the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses of the People's Republic of China," Xu Dazhe's (许达哲) positions as a member of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress and as the Deputy Chairperson of the Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee of the National People's Congress are accordingly revoked. Wang Xiqin's (王希勤) positions as a member of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress and as the Deputy Chairperson of the Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee of the National People's Congress are accordingly terminated.
As of now, the 14th National People's Congress has 2,904 deputies.
This is hereby announced.
Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
October 28, 2025
Return to TopThe 18th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人民代表大会) decided to approve the "Treaty between the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国) and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚联邦民主共和国) on Criminal Justice Assistance," signed in Beijing (北京) on September 5, 2024, by the representative of the People's Republic of China (中华人民共和国).
Return to TopThis newspaper Beijing (北京), October 28th (Reporter Liu Botong (刘博通)) On October 28th, entrusted by the CPC Central Committee, Li Ganjie (李干杰), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and head of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, briefed non-CPC individuals on the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee.
Li Ganjie (李干杰) stated that the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was a very important meeting held on the new journey toward the second centenary goal, which is of great significance for further uniting the powerful strength of the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups across the country to strive in unity to comprehensively promote the building of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. The "Suggestions" adopted by the plenary session, based on consolidating the foundation and making comprehensive efforts, deploy strategic tasks concerning the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and are an important programmatic document guiding economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
Li Ganjie (李干杰) stated that studying and implementing the spirit of the plenary session is a major political task for the united front in the current and future periods. The united front must deeply understand the major achievements made in China's development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, especially since the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," continuously enhance the "Four Consciousnesses," strengthen the "Four Confidences," and achieve the "Two Safeguards," and always maintain a high degree of consistency with the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core. It is necessary to effectively enhance the political consciousness, ideological consciousness, and action consciousness of studying and implementing the spirit of the plenary session, further unify thoughts, unify will, and unify actions, transform the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee into the political consensus and action guidelines of the united front, and jointly strive for the basic realization of socialist modernization.
Li Ganjie (李干杰) expressed the hope that the democratic parties, the Federation of Industry and Commerce, and non-party individuals will take the formulation and implementation of the "15th Five-Year Plan" as the focus of political consultation and advice, closely focusing on the areas of building a modern industrial system, developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, and building a strong domestic market, which are of concern to the CPC Central Committee, needed for national development, and where they have their own advantages, conduct in-depth investigations and research, and actively offer suggestions and advice. Organize the vast number of members, especially talents in the field of science and technology, to focus on cutting-edge technology fields around high-level scientific and technological self-reliance, strengthen original innovation, break through key core technologies and "choke points" in strategic and forward-looking fields, and contribute to promoting high-quality development. Optimize the implementation of "region + field" group-style assistance activities to promote the development results to benefit the people more and better and gather people's hearts. Adhere to and implement the "Two Unwavering" principles, promote the "Two Healths," take the implementation of the Private Economy Promotion Law as an opportunity, promote the implementation of the requirement of equal treatment of state-owned and private enterprises from the perspective of systems and laws, guide private enterprises to strengthen their development confidence, adhere to their main business, and strengthen their real economy. Enhance political sensitivity and political discernment, effectively prevent and resolve risks and hidden dangers, and create a good social environment for the smooth implementation of the "15th Five-Year Plan." Continue to consolidate and expand the achievements of the theme education of "learning regulations, strengthening work style, and establishing image," enhance awareness of discipline and rules, and strengthen and improve work style in a normalized and long-term manner.
Zheng Jianbang (郑建邦), Ding Zhongli (丁仲礼), Cai Dafeng (蔡达峰), He Wei (何维), Wu Weihua (武维华), Su Hui (苏辉), Shao Hong (邵鸿), Jiang Zuojun (蒋作君), He Baoxiang (何报翔), Zhu Yongxin (朱永新), Yang Zhen (杨震) and others attended the briefing. Relevant persons in charge of the central committees of the democratic parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, representatives of non-party individuals, and relevant persons in charge of the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee attended the meeting.
Return to TopI. Appointment of Hao Peng (郝鹏) as Deputy Director of the Financial and Economic Affairs Committee of the 14th National People's Congress.
II. Appointment of Sun Shao Cheng (孙绍骋) as Deputy Director of the Social Development Affairs Committee of the 14th National People's Congress.
Return to TopI. Xu Hui (徐辉) is removed from the position of Deputy Chairperson of the Constitution and Law Committee of the 14th National People's Congress.
II. Zhang Xuan (张轩), female, is removed from the position of Deputy Chairperson of the Supervision and Judicial Committee of the 14th National People's Congress.
III. Li Jinghai (李静海) is removed from the position of Deputy Chairperson of the Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee of the 14th National People's Congress.
IV. Hao Ping (郝平) is removed from the position of Deputy Chairperson of the Foreign Affairs Committee of the 14th National People's Congress.
V. Jing Hanchao (景汉朝) is removed from the position of Deputy Chairperson of the Social Development Affairs Committee of the 14th National People's Congress.
Return to TopI. Appoint Wang Zhongming (王中明) as Vice President, member of the Adjudication Committee, and Judge of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院).
II. Remove He Xiaorong (贺小荣) from the positions of Vice President, member of the Adjudication Committee, and Chief Judge of the Fourth Circuit Court of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院).
III. Appoint Wang Chuang (王闯) as Chief Judge and Judge of the Second Civil Division of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院).
IV. Remove Luo Dian (骆电) from the positions of Deputy Chief Judge and Judge of the Supervision Tribunal of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院).
V. Remove Zhang Jinzhu (张金柱) from the position of Judge of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院).
Return to TopOctober 28th, Xinhua News Agency Beijing (北京) – On October 28th, Liu Haixing (刘海星), Minister of the International Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央对外联络部), met in Beijing (北京) with a delegation led by First Deputy Head of the Presidential Administration of Belarus, Pertsov. The two sides exchanged in-depth views on jointly implementing the important consensus reached by the two heads of state, strengthening inter-party exchanges, and deepening the exchange of experience in state governance.
Return to TopRemoved Zhang Jin's position as Procurator-General of the People's Liberation Army Military Procuratorate;
Appointed Sun Xiujun (孙秀君) as Procurator-General of the People's Liberation Army Military Procuratorate.
Return to TopBy: 本报评论员
The common prosperity of all people is an essential feature of Chinese-style modernization. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) adhered to the people-centered development philosophy, firmly grasped the goal requirements of common prosperity, made strategic deployments around increasing efforts to guarantee and improve people's livelihoods, and solidly promoted the common prosperity of all people, inspiring and encouraging hundreds of millions of people to 踔厉奋发 (chuō lì fèn fā - "vigorously strive," to exert oneself and forge ahead with determination) on the new journey, and unremittingly strive to create a happier and better life.
Making people's lives happy is a "major task of the country" (国之大者), and the fundamental purpose of all the struggles our party has united and led the people in is to enable the people to live a good life. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的十八大), the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has adhered to its original aspiration, considered issues from the people's standpoint, promoted coordinated regional development, taken effective measures to guarantee and improve people's livelihoods, won the largest battle against poverty in human history, and comprehensively built a moderately prosperous society, creating favorable conditions for promoting common prosperity.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" (十四五) period, more than 12 million new urban jobs are added every year, the average life expectancy reaches 79 years, direct settlement of cross-provincial medical expenses benefits 560 million people, and the gross enrollment rate of preschool education reaches 92%... Taking benefiting the people as the fundamental value orientation, steadily improving the level of people's livelihood security in development, and making the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security more substantial, more guaranteed, and more sustainable. Having personally experienced the changes in China in the new era, a foreign friend commented: The Communist Party of China (中国共产党) does practical things for the people and leads all the people to common prosperity with practical actions.
Achieving common prosperity is a process of forward development in a dynamic state, which must be persistent and achieved through long-term effort. The Plenary Session highlighted the solid steps taken towards the common prosperity of all people in the guiding ideology, which is an overall requirement for guiding economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五) period. It is clear that the fundamental purpose is to meet the people's growing needs for a better life, that adhering to the people first is an important principle that must be followed, and that the continuous improvement of the quality of people's lives is one of the main goals. The Plenary Session deployed a number of policies and measures with strong balance and accessibility around the issues of employment, income, education, social security, housing, medical care, elderly care, and childcare that are of concern to the masses; focusing on narrowing regional gaps and urban-rural differences, a number of pragmatic measures were deployed in accelerating the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, solidly promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, optimizing the regional economic layout, and promoting coordinated regional development; focusing on promoting the common prosperity of people's spiritual life, clear requirements were put forward for stimulating the cultural innovation and creativity of the entire nation and promoting the prosperity and development of socialist culture.
Urban-rural integrated development is an inherent requirement for meeting the people's yearning for a better life and promoting common prosperity. Here, it is further analyzed as an example.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平总书记) emphasized that "we should build both prosperous cities and prosperous rural areas in our comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country." During the "14th Five-Year Plan" (十四五) period, from solidly and effectively promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside with the experience of learning and applying the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" Project (千万工程) as the guide, to the "Four Good Rural Roads" (四好农村路) paving the way for the people's prosperity, happiness, unity, and revitalization at their doorsteps, the integration of urban and rural infrastructure and the equalization of public services in our country have been deeply promoted, the flow of urban and rural factors has become smoother and more efficient, and the income growth rate of rural residents has been faster than that of urban residents for many years. In 2024, the ratio of urban to rural residents' income decreased by 0.22 compared to 2020. Practice has powerfully proved that promoting the formation of a new type of worker-peasant mutual promotion, urban-rural complementarity, coordinated development, and common prosperity can only be achieved under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) and our socialist system.
Expanding the county's (县域) wealth-generating industries is an inevitable requirement for coordinating the promotion of new urbanization and comprehensive rural revitalization, and has overall, fundamental, and strategic significance for promoting urban-rural integrated development and promoting common prosperity. In Anji, Zhejiang (浙江安吉), a leaf has enriched the people, promoting the integrated development of agriculture, culture, and tourism, and moving from "beautiful scenery" to a "better life"; in Yan'an, Shaanxi (陕西延安), the construction of a "pioneer zone for high-quality apple development" relies on technological innovation to expand the industrial chain and value chain, making red apples a "prosperity fruit" and a "happiness fruit." Taking the solution of the "San Nong" (三农) issue (agriculture, rural areas, and farmers) as the top priority of the Party's work, developing county wealth-generating industries with obvious comparative advantages, strong driving capabilities, and large employment capacity, improving the comprehensive production capacity and quality benefits of agriculture, and improving the effectiveness of policies to strengthen agriculture, benefit agriculture, and enrich agriculture will surely lead the vast number of farmers to jointly move towards the bright future of Chinese-style modernization.
The essence of modernization is the modernization of people, and the ultimate goal is to achieve the free and all-round development of people. To implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会), always share weal and woe with the people, be of one heart and one mind with the people, think what the people think, do what the people entrust, guarantee and improve people's livelihoods in development, and promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people to take solid steps, we will surely be able to create new historical achievements on the new journey.
Return to TopThe following is the English translation:
Removed Xia Guang's (夏光) position as Deputy Director of the Budget Work Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress;
Appointed Zhai Wei (翟炜) as Deputy Director of the Budget Work Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.
Return to TopI. Appoint Yang Jianbo (杨剑波) and Yu Shuangbiao (余双彪) as Procurators of the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
II. Remove Na Yanfang (那艳芳) (female) from the position of Procurator of the Supreme People's Procuratorate.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), October 28)
Return to TopOn the banks of the Chishui River (赤水河), autumn is deepening. Every year on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, Moutai (茅台) begins its year-long brewing cycle with "Chongyang Xiasha" (重阳下沙), a testament to craftsmanship. This is a resonance of nature and humanity, and a dialogue between craftsmanship and time.
The "sha" (沙) in "Chongyang Xiasha" (重阳下沙) does not refer to sand, but is a nickname for the main raw material of Moutai liquor – glutinous red sorghum (红缨子糯高粱) after it has been appropriately crushed. After being properly crushed and moistened to absorb water, the sorghum turns reddish-brown, resembling the river sand in the Chishui River (赤水河), hence the name. "Chongyang Xiasha" (重阳下沙) refers to the start of feeding production during the Chongyang Festival (重阳节), which is the first round in a production cycle of Moutai liquor.
The brewing of Moutai liquor follows a seasonal production method, with "Dragon Boat Festival Qu Making, Chongyang Xiasha" (端午制曲，重阳下沙) being two major representatives, which embodies the traditional wisdom of following nature.
The reason for choosing to start brewing during the Chongyang Festival (重阳节) is largely due to the climate. September in the lunar calendar falls in autumn, and the temperature cools down. The temperature in the Moutai (茅台) section of the Chishui River (赤水河) valley remains at around 25 degrees Celsius, which is conducive to controlling the natural fermentation process and cultivating a microbial system that is beneficial to brewing, providing the best environment for Moutai liquor brewing.
During the Chongyang Festival (重阳节), with the end of the rainy season, the Chishui River (赤水河) also changes from turbid to clear, and the water quality is the best of the year, which can provide the best brewing water for Moutai (茅台).
The glutinous red sorghum (红缨子糯高粱) used in Moutai liquor brewing has small grains, thick and strong skin, full grains, and high amylopectin content. Its rich natural products are also the substrate for the formation of Moutai liquor flavor, and are an important source of the liquor's rich aroma, delicate coordination, and elegant mellowness.
From a grain of sorghum to a drop of fine wine, Moutai's brewing always follows the laws of nature. As the atmosphere of Chongyang Xiasha (重阳下沙) rises, the first Chishui River Forum (赤水河论坛) opened on October 28 in Moutai Town (茅台镇), Zunyi City (遵义市), Guizhou Province (贵州省), with the theme of "Heaven and Earth Nurturing" (天地位育), bringing together global wine industry leaders, cultural scholars and cross-border elites to explore the path of sustainable development of the wine industry.
The Chishui River (赤水河) flows continuously, and Moutai's (茅台) craftsmanship is constantly renewed. From a grain of sorghum in Chongyang Xiasha (重阳下沙) to the global wisdom of the forum dialogue, Moutai (茅台) always practices the vision of "making the world fall in love with Moutai (茅台) and letting the aroma of Moutai (茅台) spread around the world," presenting fine wine to the vast number of consumers and promoting the global wine industry to jointly write a splendid chapter of civilization.
Data source: Kweichow Moutai (贵州茅台)
Return to TopBy: 郭 雳
As an important component of the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, foreign-related rule of law is related to the overall situation of comprehensively promoting the rule of law and China's opening up and foreign affairs. Since the new era, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has attached great importance to foreign-related rule of law, and has issued a series of important expositions. In February 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) chaired the second meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensive Law-Based Governance and emphasized: "Strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law to create a good legal environment for promoting reform, development, and stability"; in November 2020, at the Central Conference on Work Related to Overall Law-Based Governance, he emphasized: "We must accelerate the strategic layout of foreign-related rule of law, coordinate the advancement of domestic governance and international governance, and better safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests"; in October 2021, at the Central People's Congress Work Conference, he emphasized "coordinating the advancement of domestic rule of law and foreign-related rule of law"; and so on. The article "Strengthening the Construction of Foreign-Related Rule of Law" included in the fifth volume of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* is a summary of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) speech at the tenth collective study session of the 20th CPC Central Committee Political Bureau. The article points out: "We must deeply understand the importance and urgency of doing a good job in foreign-related rule of law from the height of better coordinating the two overall situations, domestic and international, and better coordinating development and security, build a foreign-related rule of law system and capabilities that are adapted to the requirements of high-quality development and high-level opening up, and create favorable legal conditions and an external environment for the steady and long-term progress of Chinese-style modernization." Currently, the world has entered a period of turbulence and change, and international competition is increasingly reflected in the competition of systems, rules, and laws. Strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law is conducive to our better response to the risks and challenges brought about by the unstable and uncertain international environment, to creating an important means of protecting our overseas interests, and to further consolidating the institutional foundation for promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind. As an important component of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on foreign-related rule of law are original theories that have gradually developed and matured in the accelerated evolution of a century of changes and the continuous advancement and expansion of Chinese-style modernization, and are representative achievements of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law in the field of foreign-related rule of law.
Strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law means responding to foreign-related legal risks and challenges with a systematic and complete strategic layout of foreign-related rule of law, resisting economic and trade hegemony and bullying with high-level opening up led by institutional opening up, safeguarding the interests of the country and the people by maintaining the international system and improving international rule of law, and creating a new situation in global governance. We must take the in-depth study of the fifth volume of *Xi Jinping: The Governance of China* as an opportunity to deepen our understanding of the theoretical innovation of strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law, deeply summarize the practical experience of strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law, profoundly grasp the Chinese wisdom and global significance contained in strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law, and provide strong foreign-related rule of law guarantees for promoting and expanding Chinese-style modernization.
Important Thoughts Gradually Matured in the Great Practice of the New Era
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out in "Strengthening the Construction of Foreign-Related Rule of Law": "The rule of law goes hand in hand with opening up. As opening up moves forward, the construction of foreign-related rule of law must keep up." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, China has increasingly approached the center of the world stage, and its interaction with the world has become increasingly close. The field of foreign-related affairs has continued to expand, which has placed higher demands on foreign-related rule of law. The Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has made a series of major decisions and deployments on comprehensively promoting the rule of law, and its thinking on foreign-related rule of law has continued to deepen and innovate.
In 2014, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee made top-level design and strategic deployment for comprehensively promoting the rule of law, and proposed "strengthening foreign-related legal work, using legal means to safeguard China's sovereignty, security, and development interests, and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese citizens and legal persons overseas and foreign citizens and legal persons in China." The "Decision" of the plenary session made a clear deployment for "strengthening foreign-related legal work" in the form of a central document for the first time, providing scientific guidance for using law to solve foreign-related affairs, which is of great significance for better coordinating the two overall situations, domestic and international, better maintaining and utilizing China's important strategic opportunities for development, and better realizing China's strategic goals of peaceful development, and for building a socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics and building a socialist country under the rule of law.
In February 2019, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) chaired the second meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensive Law-Based Governance and emphasized: "We must improve the planning of rule of law construction, improve the quality and efficiency of legislative work, guarantee and serve reform and development, create a harmonious and stable social environment, and strengthen the construction of foreign-related rule of law." At that time, the international situation was becoming increasingly complex, and some Western countries were exerting extreme pressure on China. General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important exposition demonstrated strategic and forward-looking thinking, guiding the in-depth advancement of China's foreign-related rule of law. In October 2019, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee made arrangements for strengthening foreign-related rule of law from the height of upholding and improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities, and proposed improving the system of foreign-related economic and trade laws and rules and establishing a foreign-related work legal affairs system. In February 2020, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) chaired the third meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensive Law-Based Governance and emphasized: "We must strengthen cooperation in the field of international rule of law, accelerate the construction of China's legal system applicable outside its territory, strengthen international law research and application, and improve the level of legalization of foreign-related work." In November 2020, facing the tests brought about by the global public health crisis and the increasingly severe international situation, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) coordinated the two overall situations, domestic and international, and emphasized at the Central Conference on Work Related to Overall Law-Based Governance that "we must adhere to the coordinated advancement of domestic rule of law and foreign-related rule of law." This conference clearly incorporated adhering to the coordinated advancement of domestic rule of law and foreign-related rule of law into the "eleven adherences" of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, and made systematic deployments for accelerating the strategic layout of foreign-related rule of law and coordinating the advancement of domestic governance and international governance, raising the construction of foreign-related rule of law to an unprecedented height. In December 2021, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed at the thirty-fifth collective study session of the 19th CPC Central Committee Political Bureau to "strengthen legislation in the foreign-related field and promote the construction of China's legal system applicable outside its territory."
In October 2022, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized in the report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China that "strengthening legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas" made strategic deployments for coordinating the advancement of domestic rule of law and foreign-related rule of law, and the important expositions on strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law became increasingly mature and complete. In November 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), when chairing the tenth collective study session of the 20th CPC Central Committee Political Bureau, made major deployments from the height of better coordinating the two overall situations, domestic and international, and better coordinating development and security, such as forming a large collaborative pattern of foreign-related rule of law, serving high-level opening up, strengthening the training and development of professional talents, and telling the story of China's rule of law in the new era. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee will deploy "strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law" as a key task for improving the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. These important expositions and important deployments provide fundamental guidance for us to strengthen foreign-related rule of law in the new era and on the new journey.
In general, Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law emphasizes strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law, profoundly answering a series of major theoretical and practical issues in the construction of foreign-related rule of law in the new era. The theoretical logic and practical logic are highly unified, creatively proposing new concepts represented by "the construction of foreign-related rule of law" and "the system and capabilities of foreign-related rule of law" and the new system of accurately dividing domestic rule of law and foreign-related rule of law, emphasizing the coordinated advancement of domestic rule of law and foreign-related rule of law, and deeply expounding new propositions such as "promoting global good governance with international good law and helping to build a community with a shared future for mankind" and "building a foreign-related rule of law system and capabilities that are adapted to the requirements of high-quality development and high-level opening up." These conceptual, propositional, and systemic innovations show that strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law is a thought and theoretical crystallization that has gradually matured in the great practice of the new era.
Major Innovations Responding to Realistic Needs and Containing Deep Concerns
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out in "Strengthening the Construction of Foreign-Related Rule of Law": "Strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law is not only a long-term need for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization, but also an urgent task for promoting high-level opening up and responding to external risks and challenges." As a representative achievement of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law in the field of foreign-related rule of law, strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law originates from General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) examination and response to practical needs in the process of Chinese-style modernization and his concern and thinking about major contemporary issues, reflecting a profound historical responsibility and great creative spirit, and demonstrating powerful practical power in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
Since the new era, under the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, the top-level design of China's foreign-related rule of law has been accelerated, the construction of the foreign-related laws and regulations system has been accelerated, international exchanges and cooperation in the field of rule of law have been continuously deepened, the level of foreign-related law enforcement, justice, and legal services has been effectively improved, and the foreign-related rule of law workforce has grown. The breadth and depth of China's foreign-related rule of law construction have been greatly expanded, and the ability to safeguard the interests of the country and the people by using legal means and legal methods has been significantly improved.
Responding to the increasingly severe foreign-related legal risks under the century of changes with a systematic and complete strategic layout of foreign-related rule of law. The rule of law has the important role of consolidating the foundation, stabilizing expectations, and benefiting the long term, and has been widely accepted as a common concept for national governance and global governance. Currently, the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, the international balance of power is undergoing profound adjustments, the anti-globalization trend is rising, local conflicts and turbulence are frequent, and global problems are intensifying; at the same time, some Western countries are attempting to contain China's development process by launching trade wars, technology wars, and other means. These have placed higher demands on the construction of China's foreign-related rule of law system and capabilities, requiring us to actively participate in international rule of law practices through strengthening the construction of foreign-related rule of law and respond to the international situation in accordance with the law. The foreign-related legal system is the foundation of foreign-related rule of law. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed "strengthening legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas," guiding the increase in the depth, breadth, and intensity of legislation in the foreign-related field, basically forming the "four beams and eight pillars" of the foreign-related laws and regulations system, further improving the foreign-related rule of law system, and providing guarantees for us to respond to risks and challenges in a rule of law manner. On top of this, Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law also proposes establishing a working mechanism for integrated advancement of foreign-related legislation, law enforcement, justice, compliance with the law, and legal services, and the cultivation of legal talents, forming a large collaborative pattern of foreign-related rule of law.
Resisting international hegemony and bullying and maintaining the multilateral trading system with high-level opening up led by expanding institutional opening up. Comprehensively promoting Chinese-style modernization with high-quality development has placed higher demands on China's level of opening up. Further improving China's level of opening up and accelerating the transformation from the opening up of commodity and factor flows to institutional opening up are the inherent requirements for promoting China's economy to a higher level of opening up. In recent years, some Western countries have introduced trade restriction measures such as imposing tariffs on China, which seriously violates international economic and trade rules and agreements. Facing various chaotic phenomena such as extreme protectionism against the world trend, China insists on opening up to the outside world unswervingly. Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law takes the construction of systems, laws, and other aspects as important content for enhancing international competitiveness and expanding high-level opening up, emphasizing the steady expansion of institutional opening up, improving the level of trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and building a new system of a higher-level open economy, adhering to the method of dialogue and consultation, mutual benefit and win-win results to effectively respond to the severe and complex international situation, and guiding China's foreign-related rule of law construction in the economic and trade and financial fields to achieve major progress. In terms of domestic legislation, we have promulgated laws and regulations such as the Civil Code and the Private Economy Promotion Law to further guarantee the construction of a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, rule-of-law-based, and internationalized; in terms of international practice, we firmly maintain the international economic and trade order, and the ability to counter sanctions, counter interference, and counter "long-arm jurisdiction" has been effectively improved. China stands on the high ground of the rule of law and gradually wins the initiative in economic and trade negotiations.
Maintaining national and people's interests by maintaining the international system and improving international rule of law, and creating a new situation in global governance. At present, unilateralism, protectionism, and other hegemonic, domineering, and bullying acts occur frequently, highlighting the risks of security and governance deficits in the international community. **孤举者难起，众行者易趋** (gū jǔ zhě nán qǐ, zhòng xíng zhě yì qū - "a single person can hardly lift something, but many people can easily move it," meaning that it is difficult to achieve anything alone, but it is easy to succeed with the help of others). Starting from the objective reality that the destinies of countries are intertwined and interconnected, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) accurately recognized changes, scientifically responded to changes, and actively sought changes in the century of changes, proposing to promote foreign-related rule of law, the fundamental purpose of which is to better safeguard the interests of the country and the people, promote the progress of international rule of law, and promote the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind in a rule-of-law manner. This profoundly reveals that an overall interest view should be established in foreign-related rule of law, and universal consensus and common interests should be sought between the Chinese nation and the countries of the world. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) also proposed to firmly maintain the international system with the United Nations as the core, the international order based on international law, and the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and to firmly maintain the multilateral trading system with the World Trade Organization as the core, clarifying the principles and essentials for us to achieve scientific response to changes in the construction of foreign-related rule of law. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, in recent years, China has scientifically and effectively responded to international changes, actively taken diversified measures to timely intervene in bad acts that may endanger regional peace and stability, and while effectively opposing hegemonism and power politics, it has vigorously promoted the equal and orderly multipolarization of the world and the inclusive and inclusive economic globalization.
Accelerate the Construction of China's Foreign-Related Rule of Law System and Capabilities
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out in "Strengthening the Construction of Foreign-Related Rule of Law": "On the new journey of building a strong country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must adhere to the correct political direction, and with a more active historical responsibility and creative spirit, accelerate the construction of China's foreign-related rule of law system and capabilities." To accelerate the construction of China's foreign-related rule of law system and capabilities, we must coordinate domestic and international, coordinate development and security, and adhere to forward-looking thinking, overall planning, strategic layout, and overall advancement. We must deeply understand and grasp the scientific guiding role of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law in China's foreign-related rule of law practices, and under the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, accelerate the construction of a foreign-related rule of law system and capabilities that are adapted to the requirements of high-quality development and high-level opening up.
Adhere to the people-centered approach and systematically promote foreign-related rule of law. Adhering to the people-centered approach is a distinct feature of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, which determines that accelerating the construction of China's foreign-related rule of law system and capabilities must adhere to the people's position, coordinate the advancement of domestic rule of law and foreign-related rule of law, accelerate the strategic layout of foreign-related rule of law, and realize the use of rule-of-law methods to safeguard the interests of the country and the people. Foreign-related rule of law is a systematic project with a wide range of involvement and strong linkages. We must adhere to legislation first, combining legislation, amendment, repeal, and interpretation, focus on the new practices and new requirements in China's foreign-related rule of law, seize the specialized foreign-related legislation, pay attention to improving the foreign-related clauses of relevant laws, and promote the construction of China's legal system applicable outside its territory. At the same time, comprehensively use various means to improve the effectiveness of foreign-related law enforcement and justice, vigorously develop foreign-related legal services, improve the level of foreign-related legal services, properly respond to major risks and challenges, and promote the steady and long-term progress of the cause of the Party and the people.
Building a foreign-related legal system that is compatible with the requirements of high-quality development and high-level opening-up. This is an inherent requirement for better coordinating high-quality development and high-level opening-up, and it is also an important part of strengthening the construction of a foreign-related legal system. The socialist market economy is essentially a rule-of-law economy, and high-quality development is the hard truth of the new era. To strengthen the construction of a foreign-related legal system, on the one hand, it is necessary to improve a transparent foreign-related legal and regulatory system, create a first-class market-oriented, rule-of-law, and internationalized business environment, proactively connect with high-standard international economic and trade rules, and steadily expand institutional opening-up. This is conducive to better leveraging China's super-large market advantages, enabling China to carry out all-round, multi-field, and in-depth exchanges and cooperation in an ever-expanding international "circle of friends," and better serving reform, development, and innovation through opening-up with the certainty, enforceability, and guiding role of the rule of law. On the other hand, it is necessary to further improve laws and regulations against sanctions, interference, and "long-arm jurisdiction," and deepen international cooperation in foreign-related law enforcement and judicial affairs. This is conducive to comprehensively improving the ability to safeguard the security of opening-up in accordance with the law and to escorting China's high-quality economic development.
Firmly believe in the rule of law and promote the progress of human legal civilization. Strengthening the construction of a foreign-related legal system is inseparable from actively expounding the concepts and propositions of a foreign-related legal system with Chinese characteristics. China has a long history and rich culture. The distinct characteristics of "the people are the foundation of the country" (民为邦本), "emphasizing trustworthiness and promoting harmony" (讲信修睦), and "being kind to neighbors" (亲仁善邻) in China's outstanding traditional culture demonstrate the value of the times and are constantly enriched and improved in China's practice of participating in international exchanges and promoting international cooperation, injecting cultural power into China's strengthening of the construction of a foreign-related legal system. China's strengthening of the construction of a foreign-related legal system not only fully absorbs the rich legal thoughts and profound political wisdom contained in China's outstanding traditional legal culture, but also widely absorbs and draws on the beneficial achievements of human legal civilization, adheres to upholding justice and innovation, embodies Chinese characteristics, and integrates important foreign-related legal theories at home and abroad, and a series of programs, mechanisms, and systems concerning the new form of human legal civilization and its realization path have emerged. For example, the establishment of the International Mediation Institute is an innovative move to build consensus among all parties through dialogue and consultation. The International Mediation Institute practices the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, absorbs the experience of China's promotion of Saudi Arabia and Iran to reach a settlement in Beijing (北京), and effectively fills the institutional gap in the field of international mediation, providing important public goods for improving global dispute resolution. To further strengthen the construction of a foreign-related legal system, it is necessary to firmly believe in the rule of law, strengthen the research on cutting-edge issues of foreign-related legal theory and practice, build a foreign-related legal theory system and discourse system with Chinese characteristics that integrates China and foreign countries, and continuously improve China's ability to participate in and shape global governance through the rule of law, promote the development of a new form of human civilization and the dissemination of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, and contribute to the progress of international rule of law.
(The author is the Dean of Peking University Law School (北京大学法学院))
Return to TopBy: 徐远健
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Knives need to be sharpened on stone, and people need to be trained through work. It is difficult to achieve great things without experiencing wind and rain and seeing the world." "Let the vast number of cadres temper their will to brave difficulties and overcome obstacles in practice, and enhance their ability to unite and serve the masses and manage complex situations." Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth and the only way for cadres to grow and develop. At present, the weight of reform, development, and stability tasks, the number of conflicts, risks, and challenges, and the magnitude of the tests of governing the country are all unprecedented, urgently requiring a high-quality cadre team that can shoulder heavy responsibilities, fight tough battles, and be good at making achievements. To build a high-quality cadre team and improve the ability and level of party members and cadres cannot be achieved just by thinking about it or talking about it; it must be tempered in practical work and experienced in practice.
In exchanges with some party members and cadres, it was found that some young cadres have high academic qualifications and a solid theoretical foundation, but lack grassroots experience and practical experience, which leads to "competency panic" when facing complex problems. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Let leading cadres, especially young cadres, learn to swim by swimming, undergo strict ideological tempering, political training, practical exercise, and professional training, and experience wind and rain, see the world, strengthen their muscles and bones, and grow their talents in severe and complex struggles." This is not only a profound grasp of the laws of cadre growth, but also an important guideline for the construction of the cadre team in the new era. To help these young cadres overcome "competency panic" and truly develop several "hard brushes" for planning development, promoting reform, and benefiting people's livelihoods, they should be sent to the main battlefield of reform and development, the front line of maintaining stability, and the forefront of serving the masses to "root and sprout" at appropriate times, so that they can learn to coordinate in dealing with complex contradictions, enhance their fighting skills in responding to risks and challenges, and cultivate a people-centered sentiment in solving the difficulties of the masses, so as to truly transform theoretical knowledge into practical ability to start a business.
The grassroots level is the "last mile" for policy implementation and a "living classroom" for cadres to understand public sentiment and familiarize themselves with public opinion; the masses are the creators of history and "good teachers" for cadres to draw wisdom and improve their abilities. In reality, some party members and cadres are accustomed to making decisions by patting their heads and taking things for granted when grasping work. What they think in their minds and do in their hands is always "separated by a layer" from what the masses expect, and the result is often counterproductive. Only by taking the grassroots level as a "training ground" and moving from "getting close to the masses" to "walking into the masses" can cadres be forged into pillars that can be of great use and shoulder heavy responsibilities by allowing them to work hard on the front line.
Great trees do not grow in greenhouses, and thoroughbred horses are not raised in stables. There is no shortcut for cadres to grow and develop; practical tempering is the right path. The more difficult the conditions, the more complex the situation, and the more arduous the tasks, the more they can test and exercise cadres, and the more they can stimulate cadres' potential and wisdom. Party members and cadres, especially young cadres, who want to become experts who understand the grassroots, understand public sentiment, and are good at governance, cannot sit and talk about it, only look at it on paper and are unwilling to do it on the spot; nor can they 因噎废食 (yīn yē fèi shí - "stop eating because of choking," to give up something important because of a minor setback), fearing to cause trouble and not doing anything. Only by swinging their arms and learning while doing, throwing themselves into the work and practicing, taking on more "hot potatoes" and drilling into more "contradiction nests" can they empathize with the urgent needs and concerns of the masses and have a clear understanding of the actual situation at the grassroots level.
It is inevitable to stumble when learning to walk and choke on water when learning to swim. It is also not something that can be accomplished overnight or smoothly for cadres to grow and develop through hard work and practical work. In work, it is not a shameful thing to be like "ants on a hot pot" a few times due to lack of experience and methods. What is to be feared is putting on airs in front of the masses and pretending to be experts when encountering problems. As long as you are willing to be a "primary school student" in front of the masses and be a "person with a heart" to explore practice, you will definitely be able to extract "golden ideas" to promote development from the "local methods" of the masses and find the "golden key" to solve problems from exploration.
To enable party members and cadres to grow and mature in practice and to take responsibility and make achievements in practical work, those who lie flat should not be allowed to lie down and win, and those who work hard should not suffer losses. Only by clearly establishing a personnel orientation that values the grassroots, practical work, and actual results, taking the courage to take on things, the willingness to do things, and the ability to do things as the hard criteria for evaluating cadres, building a stage and setting up ladders for those who work hard, supporting those who dare to do things, and taking responsibility for those who can take responsibility, can we create an atmosphere of daring to break through, daring to try, and actively making achievements, and guide and encourage the vast number of party members and cadres to dare to take responsibility, be brave to innovate, and be good at making achievements.
Return to TopBy: 冯朝睿
Currently, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is developing in depth, and global scientific and technological competition is becoming increasingly fierce. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Accelerating the development of a new generation of artificial intelligence is an important strategic tool for us to win the initiative in global scientific and technological competition, and an important strategic resource for promoting the leapfrog development of science and technology, industrial optimization and upgrading, and the overall leap in productivity in our country." The intelligent economy is an economic form formed by the deep integration of artificial intelligence technology and various fields of the economy and society. Its core is to reconstruct the allocation of production factors, reshape the industrial competition pattern, and rebuild the global value chain division of labor through data, computing power, and algorithms, and ultimately promote changes in production and lifestyles and form new drivers of economic development. In August of this year, the State Council issued the "Opinions on Deeply Implementing the 'Artificial Intelligence+' Action," proposing China's artificial intelligence development goals for 2027, 2030, and 2035, providing important guidance for us to accelerate the development of the intelligent economy and form new drivers of economic development. To implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech, we must seize the opportunity to deeply implement the "Artificial Intelligence+" action, strengthen forward-looking planning, systematic layout, industry-specific policies, open sharing, and safe controllability, and promote the accelerated development of the intelligent economy.
Since the new era, profound changes have taken place in China's development stage, development environment, and development conditions. From an international perspective, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is developing in depth, and the deep integration of digital technology and the real economy has spawned a large number of new industries, new business forms, and new models, which are very likely to promote a revolutionary leap in productivity development. From a domestic perspective, affected by the tightening constraints of land, energy, and other resources and the environment, China's traditional extensive economic development model is unsustainable, and there is an urgent need to accelerate the transformation of the development model, optimize the economic structure, and transform growth drivers. Artificial intelligence is a strategic technology that leads a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, mainly driven by data, algorithms, and computing power, and has general-purpose technology attributes. Deeply implementing the "Artificial Intelligence+" action and promoting the development of the intelligent economy is not only an active response to the general trend of a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, but also a strategic choice to accelerate the shaping of new drivers and new advantages for China's economic development.
Specifically, the coordinated cooperation of data, algorithms, and computing power can activate the massive data resources hidden in China's rich application scenarios, and mine the potential value of data through algorithm iteration and upgrading, providing basic support for the development of the intelligent economy. For example, technological innovation is the core driving force for economic development and a key support for enhancing economic resilience and releasing development potential. Deeply implementing the "Artificial Intelligence+" action, accelerating the exploration of new research paradigms driven by artificial intelligence, and promoting the intelligent upgrading of basic research platforms and major scientific and technological infrastructure will help promote the integrated development of multiple disciplines, accelerate the process of scientific discovery, form more major scientific discoveries "from 0 to 1," and then help solve the "bottleneck" problem of key core technologies, solve the resource element constraint problem of China's economic development, and further improve the efficiency of China's economic operation. For example, with the rise of anti-globalization trends and the acceleration of the restructuring of the global industrial chain, China's manufacturing industry is facing a "two-way squeeze" from the "return of high-end manufacturing" in developed countries and the "diversion of mid-to-low-end manufacturing" in other developing countries. Deeply implementing the "Artificial Intelligence+" action and empowering collaborative innovation in the industrial chain with artificial intelligence technology will help promote the high-end, intelligent, and green development of the manufacturing industry, promote the leap from "Made in China" to "Intelligent Manufacturing in China," promote the continuous growth of new drivers, and inject new vitality into high-quality economic development. For another example, common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Deeply implementing the "Artificial Intelligence+" action and promoting the extension of artificial intelligence products and services to rural areas will help promote the cross-regional flow of data elements and accelerate the construction of urban and rural digital infrastructure, thereby helping to narrow the gap between urban and rural areas, regions, and incomes through urban and rural intelligent inclusiveness, increase the income of urban and rural residents, improve human capital, provide solid support for improving total factor productivity, and consolidate the driving foundation for high-quality development.
Currently, China's artificial intelligence development is at the forefront of the world, and some domestic artificial intelligence large models have reached the international advanced level in multi-modal understanding, logical reasoning, and other fields; the layout of computing power is accelerating and improving, which can support the training of trillion-parameter large models; and it has the world's most complete industrial system, providing a closed-loop of the entire industrial chain of "research and development-verification-promotion" for artificial intelligence technology. These provide an important foundation for the development of China's intelligent economy. We must seize the opportunity, give full play to China's advantages of abundant data resources, complete industrial system, and broad application scenarios, deeply implement the "Artificial Intelligence+" action, and take multiple measures to promote the accelerated cultivation and development of the intelligent economy, so as to better serve the construction of Chinese-style modernization. Specifically, we can focus on the following aspects.
First, strengthen technological breakthroughs. By implementing key technology tackling plans related to the intelligent economy, establishing a national major technology tackling special fund, and establishing and improving the assessment mechanism and fault tolerance mechanism for major technology tackling projects, we will build a collaborative innovation ecosystem of industry, academia, research, and application, and consolidate the innovation foundation for developing the intelligent economy. Second, deepen scenario integration, such as implementing the "cloud-based, data-enabled, and intelligent empowerment" action in the industrial manufacturing field, accelerating the construction of demonstration zones for "Artificial Intelligence + Manufacturing" industrial clusters, promoting the pilot of "Artificial Intelligence + Precision Agriculture" and "Digital Farms" in the agricultural field, creating intelligent marketing platforms for agricultural products, and cultivating new models of intelligent inclusiveness in the service industry, so as to activate the transformation momentum of thousands of industries. Third, improve the governance system. By improving laws and regulations, exploring new models for data asset entry, accelerating the construction of a unified national data trading market, and strengthening technology governance, we will expand the development space for the intelligent economy and draw a "red line" for development, escorting the intelligent economy to move steadily and far. Fourth, promote open cooperation. By actively participating in the formulation of global artificial intelligence governance rules, promoting the joint construction of the "Digital Silk Road," and supporting leading domestic intelligent economy enterprises to "go global," we will gather global innovation elements.
(Author's unit: School of Management and Economics, Kunming University of Science and Technology (昆明理工大学))
Return to TopBy: 本期主讲人：中国旅游研究院院长 戴 斌
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to vigorously promote cultural undertakings, accelerate the development of cultural industries, and enhance the appeal and influence of Chinese civilization.
Culture is like water, silently nourishing all things, connecting a nation's past, present, and future.
Today's China is both ancient and fashionable. Outstanding traditional Chinese culture leads the "new Chinese trend," the consumer market sets off a "Chinese style," and humanities and economy blend and coexist, complementing each other.
"In places where culture is very developed, the economy is still at the forefront. We can study the humanities economics here." During the 2023 National People's Congress, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed the major proposition of "humanities economics" when participating in the deliberation of the Jiangsu (江苏) delegation.
Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of coordinated material and spiritual civilization. How can thousands of years of cultural heritage and the modern economy coexist harmoniously? The answer has been written in the vigorous tide of the times: "Chinese-style modernization gives Chinese civilization modern power, and Chinese civilization gives Chinese-style modernization a profound foundation."
Let's first look at the following set of data—
In 2024, national museums received 1.491 billion visitors and held 43,000 exhibitions, with sales revenue of cultural and creative products reaching 3.428 billion yuan. Many tourists "rush to a city for a museum." The national cultural industry achieved operating income of 19.14 trillion yuan, with revenue scale reaching a new historical high, and the cultural industry has become an important engine of economic growth. Domestic residents traveled 5.62 billion times, with a total expenditure of 5.8 trillion yuan. The integration of culture and tourism has created new highlights, further releasing consumption potential.
The long and magnificent Chinese civilization has not only left us with brilliant historical and cultural heritage and confident and inclusive genes, but also serves as a bridge connecting the past and the present, adding a rich cultural background to economic and social development.
Promoting high-quality development, culture is an important support. In recent years, young people have fallen in love with visiting museums, making appointments with "exhibition buddies" to touch history in immersive exhibitions, and buying exquisite cultural and creative products to "bring cultural relics home." Museums in various places are "doing all kinds of things," bringing vivid, three-dimensional, and fresh cultural experiences to the general public, not only igniting the "museum craze" and making the light of culture brighter, but also deeply integrating outstanding traditional Chinese culture into modern life, transforming cultural stock into consumption increment, and continuously stimulating the surging power of the cultural and tourism market.
The power of culture is a new engine and booster for economic development. Humanities economics is about thinking about how to integrate the humanistic spirit contained in outstanding traditional Chinese culture into the socialist market economy, so that the humanistic spirit can create new cultural impetus for high-quality development.
At the same time, economic development has also laid a solid material foundation for cultural prosperity, expanded a broad market space, and promoted the cultural industry to innovate and move forward on the basis of scale growth and quality improvement, effectively promoting the creative transformation and innovative development of outstanding traditional Chinese culture.
Driven by consumption, integrated with culture and tourism, and empowered by technology, how can we further activate the vitality of outstanding traditional Chinese culture? Take Wuyishan (武夷山) in Fujian (福建) as an example. Here, the vast number of science and technology commissioners walk out of the laboratory and go deep into the fields, "leading farmers to work and helping farmers earn money," not only sowing the seeds of scientific and technological prosperity in the countryside, but also making the tea culture inherited for thousands of years more flavorful.
Practice has proved that the fundamental role of the economy in cultural development is indispensable. In the new era and new journey, we must implement the new development concept, build a new development pattern, continuously transform the achievements of high-quality economic development into the driving force for cultural prosperity and development, enhance cultural leadership and technological innovation capabilities, and continue to create new scenarios, new spaces, new products, and new business forms, and promote the high-quality development of cultural undertakings and cultural industries in inheritance and innovation, and promote the construction of a strong socialist culture.
Culture empowers the economy, and the economy highlights culture. Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out in *Zhejiang Xin Yu* (之江新语): "The essence of 'cultural economy' lies in the integrated development of culture and economy, and in the final analysis, it is necessary to highlight the word 'people'." Enriching the people's spiritual world is one of the essential requirements of Chinese-style modernization. The humanities economics of the new era takes the all-round development of people as the goal and reflects the original intention of high-quality development.
Meeting the people's growing needs for a better life, culture is an important factor. While developing the economy, how can various places establish their hearts with culture, cultivate people with culture, and benefit the people with culture? The "Su Chao" (苏超), which became popular this summer, provides the answer. From holding competitions to polishing regional cultural IPs, to uniting the spirit of the city and promoting urban tourism, "Su Chao" insists on letting the masses play the leading role. Among the more than 500 participants from 13 teams, most are amateur players. The hearty competition not only contains competitive spirit, but also brings emotional value, fully satisfying everyone's personalized and diverse spiritual enjoyment and cultural needs. One after another "word-making hot topics" and waves of tourism traffic reflect the cultural creativity of the whole people.
"People" is the combination point of humanities and economics. The humanities economics of the new era adheres to the people-centered approach, constantly meets the people's growing needs for a better life, provides more and better spiritual food, and continuously improves the people's happiness index.
It is worth noting that some places have a long history and profound cultural heritage, but have not yet found an effective way to transform them into economic prosperity; some places have a high level of economic development, but the supply of public cultural services and the development of cultural industries are relatively weak. In the new era and new journey, all localities must adhere to in-depth research on humanities economics, and in the process of Chinese-style modernization, continue to promote the mutual integration, mutual promotion, and mutual complementation of culture and economy, and make precise efforts from multiple dimensions:
First, adhere to creative transformation and innovative development to inject a culturally powerful force that penetrates people's hearts into high-quality development. Chinese culture has a long history, and Chinese civilization is broad and profound. The colorful cultural heritage is a valuable resource for strengthening cultural confidence and building a strong cultural country. We must take the needs of the people as the guide, give full play to the power of cultural creativity, market innovation, and industrial creation, transform the advantages of cultural resources into the advantages of cultural development and economic development, and make full use of new materials, new technologies, advanced manufacturing, and cutting-edge technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of outstanding traditional Chinese culture, and continuously expand the supply of high-quality cultural products and public cultural services. Take "culture +" and "+ culture" to continuously explore new "opening methods" for economic development, so that outstanding traditional Chinese culture can be revitalized in consumption scenarios, and then effectively drive high-quality economic and social development.
Second, identify the growth points of cultural consumption, enhance the ability of cultural and technological innovation, and enhance cultural soft power. We must attach importance to the supporting role of economic development and market expansion in cultural development, open up new tracks for the cultural industry, stimulate new vitality in cultural tourism consumption, improve the modern public cultural service system, build new cultural spaces, and create new cultural consumption scenarios. While developing the economy and society, we will deeply promote the construction of the national cultural big data system and the national cultural digitalization strategy, use digital technology to strengthen the inheritance, protection, and revitalization of cultural heritage, and provide strong scientific and technological support for cultural development. Develop red tourism, promote red culture, and cultivate young people's feelings of home and country. Accelerate the development of new cultural enterprises, cultural formats, and cultural consumption models, build new landmarks of modern urban culture, inject the essence of the times into outstanding traditional Chinese culture, and stimulate the cultural pride and confidence of the entire nation.
Third, better practice the people-centered development thought and meet the people's growing needs for a better life. People's yearning for a better life has generally shifted from "whether there is" to "whether it is good," and we must meet people's diversified, multi-level, and multi-faceted cultural experiences and spiritual needs with high-quality development. Expand the consumption base through cultural benefits for the people, promote consumption upgrades through cultural creation, and then promote high-quality economic development. Focus on the needs of the people, enrich cultural supply, and enhance consumption capacity. Adhere to the people-centered creative orientation, launch more excellent literary and artistic works that enhance the people's spiritual strength, and develop more high-quality tourism and leisure products shared by both hosts and guests. Adhere to establishing the heart with culture, cultivating people with culture, and benefiting the people with culture, and achieve the unity of meeting the people's cultural needs and enhancing the people's spiritual strength, and the unity of social benefits and economic benefits.
Cultural prosperity leads to national prosperity, and cultural strength leads to national strength. Adhering to the combination of the basic principles of Marxism with the specific reality of China and with outstanding traditional Chinese culture, the high-quality development of China's economy and society profoundly reflects the distinctive people-centered, cultural, national, and modern nature of humanities economics.
A tree that is thousands of feet tall has roots, and a river that flows thousands of miles has a source. This year is the closing year of the "14th Five-Year Plan" and also the planning year of the "15th Five-Year Plan." Embarking on a new journey, let us jointly write this great article on "humanities economics" and strive to answer the question of the times: "In places where culture is very developed, the economy is still at the forefront."
(People's Daily Online reporters Huang Wei (黄维) and Liu Yingying (刘颖颖) compiled)
Case 1
The Palace Museum (故宫博物院) is in its prime
Speaker: Zhu Hongwen (朱鸿文), Deputy Director of the Palace Museum (故宫博物院)
*Qingming Shanghe Tu* (清明上河图) (Along the River During the Qingming Festival), *Five Oxen* (五牛图), *Bo Yuan Tie* (伯远帖)... Since the opening of the "Centennial Guardianship - From the Forbidden City to the Palace Museum" exhibition, visitors from all over the country and even overseas have flocked to it. Born in the great tide of social change in modern China and moving forward with the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the Palace Museum (故宫博物院) not only carries a heavy history, but also radiates the brilliance of the times.
We always put protection first. Since the founding of New China, with the great attention of the Party and the government and the care and help of all sectors of society, generations of Palace Museum (故宫博物院) people have devoted themselves to protecting the ancient buildings and precious cultural relics of the Palace Museum (故宫博物院) with awe, love, and solid actions.
Opening to the public is one of the focuses of the museum's work. On the basis of protecting the Palace Museum (故宫博物院) and protecting cultural relics, we continue to expand the open space and optimize the exhibition content. At the end of 2022, the North Branch of the Palace Museum (故宫博物院) was laid, which will greatly improve the conditions for the restoration and exhibition of cultural relics after completion, and better meet the diverse needs of the public for cultural appreciation and cultural sharing.
Upholding integrity and innovation, vitality never ceases. Whether it is the deep integration of "culture + technology" or the diversified exploration of cross-border cooperation, we always adhere to innovation in inheritance and development in innovation. In the "Digital Cultural Relics Library," there are high-definition images of more than 150,000 cultural relics, which are open to the public for free; the "Panoramic Palace Museum (故宫博物院)" platform realizes the year-round viewing of the Forbidden City (紫禁城) anytime, anywhere.
Standing at a new historical starting point, we will accelerate the construction of "Safe Palace Museum (平安故宫), Academic Palace Museum (学术故宫), Digital Palace Museum (数字故宫), and Vitality Palace Museum (活力故宫)" and promote the creative transformation and innovative development of outstanding traditional Chinese culture.
(People's Daily Online reporter Wei Yanxing (韦衍行) compiled)
Case 2
New Tea Fragrance Drifts from Wuyishan (武夷山)
Speaker: Zheng Yucheng (郑玉成), Science and Technology Commissioner of Nanping (南平) City, Fujian (福建) Province
Birds sing in the deep mountains, clouds and mist linger, and as far as the eye can see, there are layers of tea ridges. This is my hometown, Wuyishan (武夷山), which is rich in rock tea and black tea. The refreshing tea fragrance planted the seeds of love in my heart, which made me determined to pursue a doctorate in tea science and explore the mysteries of tea. After graduation, I became a lecturer at Wuyi University (武夷学院) and joined the team of science and technology commissioners.
Visiting tea gardens and tea factories, I found that the single main tea varieties and the low level of production technology restricted the development of the tea industry. What we young science and technology commissioners have to do is to take root in the tea mountains and transform the experience of our ancestors of "**看天做茶**" (kàn tiān zuò chá - "relying on the weather to make tea," relying on experience and weather conditions to produce tea) into a big data model; innovate tea-making technology to help the villagers build green ecological tea gardens; and build a drone "air tea road" to save time and effort to lock in the "freshness" of tea leaves. In addition to science and technology commissioners, the Nanping (南平) Branch of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (工商银行) has also formed a "financial commissioner" team to help tea farmers and tea companies solve the "troubles of growth."
From "relying on experience" to "relying on technology," the old tea town is filled with new tea fragrance. The rapid development of tea technology and the tea industry has made the tea farmers' pockets fuller and their lives better, and the tea culture has also become popular. Wuyishan (武夷山) has launched a series of cultural tourism experience activities such as traditional manual picking, tea making, and tea garden hiking. The tea garden has become a scenic spot, "**步步有景、处处可游**" (bù bù yǒu jǐng, chù chù kě yóu - "every step has scenery, everywhere can be visited," the scenery is beautiful everywhere).
A leaf activates a mountain and water, and tea culture enters people's lives in a more vivid posture. New products such as hanging ear tea and cold brew tea are emerging one after another, and cultural and creative products and theaters are integrated into tea culture elements. More and more people know Wuyishan (武夷山) and come to Wuyishan (武夷山) because of tea.
(People's Daily Online reporter Guo Guanhua (郭冠华) compiled)
Case 3
Gusu (姑苏) City Integrates "Ancient" and "Trendy"
Speaker: Zhong Yunfei (钟芸菲), Deputy Director of the Suzhou (苏州市) Municipal Bureau of Culture, Radio, Television and Tourism, Jiangsu (江苏) Province
This year, "Su Chao" (苏超) became a hit, and a series of passionate games attracted people from all over the world to Jiangsu (江苏).
With more than 60,000 people attending a single game and driving multi-scene consumption of 38 billion yuan in the entire Jiangsu (江苏) region, a "Su Chao" (苏超) ticket of less than 20 yuan has leveraged amazing consumption vitality and allowed "people's football" to find a deep resonance with the times.
Using sports as a medium to promote the integration of culture and tourism, what we have to do is not only attract people to come, but also make people willing to stay. Visiting the garden in the morning, listening to music in the afternoon, and watching the game in the evening - a ticket stub is an urban roaming ticket to open Suzhou (苏州). "Suzhou (苏州) spoils you, not just the ball" has become a new city business card.
A Pingjiang Road (平江路) is half of Gusu (姑苏) City. Old teahouses and new markets are adjacent to each other, traditional crafts and fashion trends reflect each other, and classical and modern coexist here. In Suzhou (苏州), culture is a flowing fireworks, a fresh daily life.
The Lotus Market is bustling with people, showing a unique "Suzhou (苏式) romance"; the light and shadow in the Humble Administrator's Garden (拙政园) are intertwined, injecting modern atmosphere into the classical garden; the immersive night tour of the Suzhou Museum (苏州博物馆) makes the millennium Jiangnan (江南) tangible and perceptible... We use culture to weave lines and embroider the lifestyle of modern people stitch by stitch.
Why is Suzhou (苏州) becoming more and more lively? It has both the slowness of Pingtan (评弹) and the speed of football; the quietness of the garden and the bustle of the market; when young people think "the old city is interesting" and old residents think "life is flavorful," then the place where the fireworks rise is the place where people's happiness lies, and it is also the most vivid *Gusu Flourishing Scene* (姑苏繁华图) in the new era.
(People's Daily Online reporter Liu Wei (刘微) compiled)
Return to TopOn October 11th, Tingyi (Cayman Islands) Holding Corp. (康师傅控股有限公司) (referred to as "Master Kong (康师傅)"), presented its "Food & Fashion - Rebirth Through Recycling, Universal Cycle" ESG-themed fashion show at the Shanghai Fashion Week for Spring/Summer 2026. This marks the first "cross-industry collaboration between food and fashion" at this season's Shanghai Fashion Week to achieve "carbon neutrality" for the event. The fashion show also represents Master Kong's (康师傅) debut in the fashion realm, partnering with innovative design talent from the renowned domestic fashion design institution, Donghua University (东华大学), and the well-known apparel and outdoor brand RICO LEE, focusing on Master Kong's (康师傅) four major product lines: Braised Beef Noodles (红烧牛肉面), Fresh Q Noodles (鲜Q面), Iced Red Tea (冰红茶), and Jasmine Tea (茉莉茶). They utilized discarded food packaging to create trendy fashion, showcasing circular aesthetics and jointly painting a picture of sustainable development "from food to fashion."
As a national brand, Master Kong (康师傅) adheres to the sustainable development concept of "Evergreen Homeland, Health is a Blessing." This season's fashion show is a concrete action by Master Kong (康师傅) to practice ESG principles and fulfill its social responsibility. Master Kong (康师傅) will continue to dedicate itself to the lightweighting, reuse, and recycling of packaging materials, contributing sustainable power to creating a green, low-carbon, and beautiful life, and helping the high-quality development of the industry.
Turning Food Packaging into Trendy Fashion, Creating a Carbon-Neutral Fashion Show of "Cross-Industry Collaboration between Food and Fashion"
This season's fashion show is a vivid embodiment of Master Kong's (康师傅) commitment to the concept of "circular rebirth." All the fashion pieces on stage were made from recycled and repurposed Master Kong (康师傅) product packaging. Beverage bottles were regenerated into lightweight and breathable functional fabrics, and PP material instant noodle forks were made into trendy accessories, becoming a vivid example of Master Kong's (康师傅) "turning waste into treasure."
The success of this circular aesthetic display is attributed to the joint interpretation of diverse design forces. The designers focused on Master Kong's (康师傅) four major products: Braised Beef Noodles (红烧牛肉面), Fresh Q Noodles (鲜Q面), Iced Red Tea (冰红茶), and Jasmine Tea (茉莉茶), designing four series, "Soul of Quality Manufacturing," "Deconstruction Thinking," "Energy Supply Station," and "Fresh Breath," totaling nearly 60 outfits.
The show venue was filled with Master Kong's (康师傅) brand DNA and circular concept. The "Soul of Quality Manufacturing" series pays tribute to Master Kong's (康师傅) launch of Braised Beef Noodles (红烧牛肉面) in 1992, inheriting the classic with the "since 1992" logo. The "Deconstruction Thinking" series accessories utilize 3D printing technology to cleverly integrate Master Kong's (康师傅) classic IP "Kang Bao Bao (康宝宝)" into the design, achieving the fusion of technology and aesthetics while reducing waste through digital manufacturing. The "Energy Supply Station" series draws inspiration from the "Refreshing Energy" brand slogan of Iced Red Tea (冰红茶), combining the product's iconic lemon yellow with outdoor elements, using three-dimensional tailoring techniques and high-performance recycled fabrics to convey a sense of refreshment in the visual presentation. The "Fresh Breath" series echoes the fragrance and elegance of Jasmine Tea (茉莉茶), using soft colors such as moon white and light green, with lightweight layered designs. The details incorporate jasmine flower elements and derived prints and other soft elements, creating a light outdoor wearing experience like a gentle breeze.
This season's fashion show was a carbon-neutral practice throughout. With the professional assistance of the low-carbon service platform TanHedge Technology (碳衡科技) and the third-party certification body CTI (华测检测), the entire event successfully obtained a carbon-neutral certificate, becoming the first "cross-industry collaboration between food and fashion" at this season's Shanghai Fashion Week to achieve carbon neutrality for the event.
Achieving "From Food to Fashion" Through "Circular Rebirth," Building a New Circular Economy Ecosystem
This season's fashion show aims to transform environmental protection concepts into tangible and perceptible fashion items, providing the industry and the public with a visible and touchable "circular rebirth" business model, demonstrating the environmental value that food packaging materials can possess, and the economic value that drives the development of the industrial chain.
The discarded packaging provided by Master Kong (康师傅), after the crushing and cleaning process, becomes clean recycled particles, which are made into fibers and then converted into yarns, and finally woven into environmentally friendly fabrics, gaining new life in the hands of designers, forming a complete and efficient "recycling-rebirth-application" chain. The entire process connects environmental protection practitioners downstream of the industrial chain, such as Veolia Huafei (威立雅·华菲), XinSheng (新生), Danmo (丹毛), Boheng (博恒), and Weixing (伟星), and ultimately lands as fashionable ready-to-wear garments.
With the large-scale implementation of resource recycling technology, today's recycled fabrics have achieved significant improvements in feel and appearance. Using recycled fabrics to make fashion, thereby calling on consumers to form a low-carbon and environmentally friendly lifestyle, is an innovative expression of Master Kong (康师傅) "eESG concept," which adds "e" representing economics to the traditional ESG framework. Master Kong (康师傅) is committed to creating economic benefits while practicing ESG principles, so that employees and partners are more actively involved in ESG practices, thereby enabling the company to achieve true sustainable development.
Under the guidance of the "eESG concept," Master Kong's (康师傅) ESG practice presents a path starting from "food" and gradually covering "clothing, housing, and transportation." In 2022, Master Kong (康师傅) participated in the "GDI for SDG" pilot project initiated by the United Nations Global Compact, cooperating to alleviate marine plastic pollution and helping the transition to a low-carbon economy, exploring homeland protection from the perspective of "plastic reduction"; in 2023, it participated in the "rPET Creates Everything" project, reshaping recycled beverage bottles into products such as trolley cases and picnic mats, injecting green temperature into "transportation"; in 2024, it launched the "Everything Has Yuán (万物皆有yuán)" project, tracing back to the source and focusing on green agriculture, consolidating the ecological origin of "food." This cross-border entry into the field of "clothing" is a key step for Master Kong (康师傅) in building a "sustainable living circle of clothing, food, housing, and transportation," marking the further improvement of Master Kong's (康师傅) circular economy ecosystem.
Master Kong's (康师傅) large-scale consumer network provides a stable resource base for the construction of a "sustainable living circle of clothing, food, housing, and transportation." The recyclable packaging generated by its instant noodles, beverages, and other products every year will become the starting point of Master Kong's (康师傅) circular economy, and the participation of partners in various links of the industrial chain will form a collaborative closed loop from recycling to regeneration.
This season's fashion show will be included in the annual project of the United Nations Global Compact's "GDI for SDG" pilot action. As the only Chinese food company to receive the "Forward Faster Early Mover" title in this field, Master Kong (康师傅) is promoting the "China sample" of sustainable development to the world.
Taking this season's fashion show as a starting point, Master Kong (康师傅) uses intuitive and perceptible methods to expand the concept of sustainable development from the runway to the industry, and conveys the company's proposition to the public: sustainability is not a distant concept, but an accessible lifestyle; the circular economy is not an empty concept, but a feasible path that can integrate brand value, business growth, and low-carbon environmental protection. From a box of instant noodles, a bottle of beverage, to a trendy fashion piece shining on the runway, Master Kong (康师傅) is adhering to the corporate vision of "Evergreen Homeland, Health is a Blessing," and using vivid ESG practices to depict a fashionable picture that combines business wisdom and humanistic care.
Data source: Tingyi (Cayman Islands) Holding Corp. (康师傅控股有限公司)
Return to TopIn the fertile northwest plains of the Jianghan Plain, within the territory of Jingmen City (荆门市), Hubei Province (湖北省), lies a dazzling pearl – the Qujialing Management District (屈家岭管理区). Qujialing (屈家岭) boasts a long history and splendid culture. Among them, the Qujialing Site (屈家岭遗址) carries the memory of civilization from 5900 to 4200 years ago. It is not only the discovery and naming place of the Qujialing Culture (屈家岭文化), but also an important large site that demonstrates the origin of agricultural civilization in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (长江). It is of great significance for studying prehistoric human settlements and the origin and development of Chinese civilization.
"The Starting Point of Hubei Archaeology": Exploring the Origin of Prehistoric Civilization
The Qujialing Culture (屈家岭文化) is the earliest Neolithic archaeological culture discovered and formally named in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (长江), and it is also the most prosperous Neolithic culture in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (长江). Its naming origin—the Qujialing Site (屈家岭遗址)—accumulates about 1,700 years of cultural information, basically covering the main development stages of prehistoric civilization in the Jianghan Plain (江汉平原) in the middle and late Neolithic Age, revealing its prominent position as a "regional central settlement," and becoming an important sample for exploring the process and development path of civilization in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River (长江).
The Qujialing Site (屈家岭遗址) was discovered in 1954 and first archaeologically excavated in 1955. It has undergone 4 systematic archaeological excavations and multiple investigations and explorations. The cumulative excavation area reaches 8,400 square meters, and the results are fruitful. The first excavation of the Qujialing Site (屈家岭遗址) pioneered the scientific archaeology of Hubei (湖北), and is the starting point of Hubei (湖北) archaeology.
National Archaeological Site Park: Decoding Civilized Remains
The Qujialing National Archaeological Site Park (屈家岭国家考古遗址公园) takes "Qujialing Culture (屈家岭文化)" as its theme, organically integrating site museum displays, archaeological sites, and natural landscape gardens, building a public cultural space integrating scientific research, education, and leisure. Here, the civilized remains that have been sleeping for thousands of years are decoded one by one.
"Living Witness" of Rice Farming Civilization: A large number of carbonized rice grains unearthed from the Qujialing Site (屈家岭遗址) are important evidence of early artificial rice cultivation in China, providing key physical data for tracing the origin and development path of rice farming agriculture.
"Technical Prelude" of Prehistoric Architecture: In the high-level building area of the Qujialing Site (屈家岭遗址), archaeologists discovered loess foundations and a large number of large-scale and exquisitely crafted plinth stones—the basic components of ancient buildings. This is the earliest form of plinth stones seen in China so far, providing a solid archaeological basis for the study of the origin and development of ancient Chinese civil engineering technology, and filling the gap in prehistoric architectural history.
"Ancient Footprints" of Water Conservancy Civilization: The Xiongjialing (熊家岭), Zhengfan (郑畈) and other prehistoric water conservancy systems newly discovered at the Qujialing Site (屈家岭遗址) in recent years date back to about 5100 to 4900 years ago. The Xiongjialing (熊家岭) water conservancy system is the most complete prehistoric water conservancy system known in China. This discovery is of great significance for exploring the development of prehistoric water resources management and intensive agriculture. In the early and late stages of the Qujialing Culture (屈家岭文化), the construction of high-level building areas and the expansion of the late Xiongjialing (熊家岭) dam were promoted simultaneously, indicating that the society entered a stage of accelerated development during this period. These important discoveries helped the Qujialing Site (屈家岭遗址) to be selected as one of the "Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries in China in 2023".
"Prehistoric Peak" of Painted Pottery Technology: The pottery making skills of the Qujialing (屈家岭) ancestors are admirable. The eggshell painted pottery cups in the museum are as thin as shells and exquisitely decorated, demonstrating the superb level of prehistoric pottery making technology. The site also unearthed the earliest high-temperature black glazed pottery in China so far, advancing the history of Chinese black glaze technology by nearly a thousand years. The various shapes and richly patterned painted pottery spinning wheels show the wisdom of the ancestors in textile production.
Immersive Tour Experience: Revitalizing Ancient Sites
Today, stepping into Qujialing (屈家岭), tourists can not only feel the charm of cultural relics and trace the context of civilization in the site museum, but also visit the archaeological site in person and feel the shock of exploring the unknown; they can also experience traditional farming in the fields and have an "in-depth dialogue" with ancient agricultural civilization. The Qujialing National Archaeological Site Park (屈家岭国家考古遗址公园) takes the Qujialing Culture (屈家岭文化) IP as the center, and continues to develop a series of cultural and creative products such as rice farming and pottery, building cultural tourism brands such as "The Heart of Yangtze Civilization, The Source of Agricultural Heritage" and "Traveling Through Five Thousand Years, Seeking Rice in Qujialing (屈家岭)", which are widely favored by tourists.
As of now, the site park has hosted several "Root-Seeking Journey" summer camps, attracting Chinese youth from 7 countries and regions to participate, and has received more than 7,000 visitors from more than 20 countries and regions, becoming an important window for civilization exchange and mutual learning.
Every inch of land in Qujialing (屈家岭) accumulates the genes of civilization; every relic and every site is engraved with the wisdom of the ancestors. In the new journey of promoting the research, dissemination and display of the origin of Yangtze River (长江) civilization, the Qujialing Management District (屈家岭管理区) will continue to protect heritage and activate value with a stronger cultural consciousness, more solid protection actions, and more innovative expressions, so that this shining pearl of prehistoric civilization can shine more brightly in the new era.
Let the world see Qujialing (屈家岭) and let culture radiate new vitality.
Data source: Qujialing Management District (屈家岭管理区), Jingmen City (荆门市), Hubei Province (湖北省)
Return to TopHow to Delay Limb Aging?
By Wang Yunna (王云娜), reporter of this newspaper
Entering old age, many people feel back pain, leg cramps, and slower movements. Wu Wen (吴文), director of the Rehabilitation Medicine Center of Zhujiang Hospital (珠江医院) of Southern Medical University (南方医科大学), said, "These are all signals of declining limb function, and ignoring them will accelerate the decline." Wu Wen (吴文) said that although physiological aging is irreversible, functional decline can be delayed. Enhancing awareness of maintenance through health management and lifestyle interventions can help older adults delay limb aging and improve limb health.
1. Regular Life.
Maintain sufficient sleep and a balanced diet to lay the foundation for muscle repair and nerve stability.
2. Avoid Cumulative Injuries.
Bad habits such as looking down at mobile phones and sitting for long periods of time can easily accumulate into chronic injuries. You can get up and move around every 30 minutes. When carrying heavy objects daily, you should also use the correct posture to avoid improper force that can cause damage to the limbs.
3. Enhance Basic Strength.
Sarcopenia is a common problem in older adults. It is recommended to carry out two to three resistance training sessions per week, such as elastic band exercises and sit-to-stand exercises. You can also appropriately supplement protein and calcium, and routinely assess muscle status.
4. Conduct Balance Training to Prevent Falls.
Falls are one of the important causes of hospitalization, bed rest, and even loss of function in older adults, often stemming from a decline in balance ability. You can practice standing on one leg, Baduanjin (八段锦), etc., to minimize the risk of falls. It is recommended to conduct a balance function assessment once a year. If problems occur, rehabilitation training should be carried out in a timely manner according to the doctor's advice.
5. Flexible Stretching to Maintain Joint Flexibility.
Performing 10 to 15 minutes of simple stretching every day, such as raising legs against a wall and doing calisthenics, can effectively improve joint flexibility and prevent limb stiffness.
6. Conduct Emotion and Breathing Management.
There is a two-way amplification effect between chronic pain and emotional stress, and anxiety and pain can aggravate each other. The "prolonged exhalation" method can be used, which is 4 seconds of inhalation and 6 to 8 seconds of exhalation, to help relax nerves and muscles.
7. Pay Attention to Regular Physical Examinations.
Limb aging is a natural phenomenon. Through data monitoring and refined adjustments, the health status can be kept in a "controllable area." Health monitoring should not only be for "disease screening," but also can become a tool for optimizing physical condition.
How to Deal with Sensory Degradation?
By You Yi (游仪), reporter of this newspaper
After entering old age, the five senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste, and touch will also "slow down." How to slow down the pace of aging? Yue Jirong (岳冀蓉), deputy director of the Geriatric Medicine Center of West China Hospital (华西医院) of Sichuan University (四川大学), suggests:
1. Protect eyesight - avoid prolonged reading or electronic screen stimulation, and check eyesight regularly.
Many older adults face the distress of declining vision, blurred vision at close range, difficulty seeing at night, and sensitivity to strong light. It is recommended that older adults use their eyes regularly and avoid prolonged reading or electronic screen stimulation.
Indoor lighting should be soft and sufficient, and regular fundus examinations should be performed to detect diseases such as cataracts and glaucoma early. In terms of diet, eat more foods rich in vitamins and lutein, such as carrots, pumpkins, spinach, and blueberries. If necessary, wear appropriate reading glasses or undergo surgical correction.
2. Protect hearing - stay away from noise, avoid prolonged use of headphones, and intervene as early as possible if hearing loss occurs.
As people get older, the number of inner ear cells decreases. Many older adults first cannot hear high-frequency sounds, such as children's voices and telephone rings. Some older adults also feel that others' speech is unclear, which is actually a weakening of the ear's ability to distinguish sounds.
It is recommended to stay away from noisy environments and avoid prolonged use of headphones. Hearing loss should be intervened as early as possible to rule out reversible causes such as earwax blockage and otitis media. For those with sensorineural hearing loss, hearing aids or cochlear implants can be used to reconstruct hearing.
3. Protect taste and smell - clean teeth regularly, quit smoking and limit alcohol, and seek medical attention in a timely manner if there are problems.
Changes in taste and smell in older adults are often silent. After the taste buds decrease, the food seems to have "no taste," which can easily affect appetite and nutrient intake. Although the degradation of smell and taste is often overlooked, it directly affects diet and nutrition. It is recommended that older adults maintain good oral hygiene, clean their teeth regularly, season appropriately when cooking, enrich the color, aroma, and taste, quit smoking and limit alcohol to prevent olfactory damage. Those with significant olfactory decline should be alert to early signals of nasal lesions or neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and seek medical attention in a timely manner.
4. Guard touch - moderate exercise to promote blood circulation and make the body feel safer.
Skin sensitivity decreases with age. Decreased touch can make older adults more likely to fall or be burned.
Moderate exercise is the best "neurotrophic agent." Activities such as dancing and playing ball can promote blood circulation and help restore touch. People with dry skin can use moisturizing lotion daily to avoid skin cracking and infection.
Return to TopBy: 李大壮
In the magnificent historical process of the Chinese nation, the retrocession of Taiwan is a chapter of great historical and symbolic significance. It is not only an important achievement of the victory against Japanese aggression, but also an important symbol of the Chinese nation washing away a century of humiliation, and an important ironclad proof of the Chinese government's restoration of the exercise of sovereignty over Taiwan. For me personally, this history is not an abstract concept, but a deep imprint in the family memory.
My grand-uncle, General Zhang Xueliang (张学良), was an indispensable witness to this period of history. After the September 18th Incident in 1931, the Northeast quickly fell. Zhang Xueliang adhered to his patriotic and anti-Japanese stance. On December 12, 1936, he and General Yang Hucheng (杨虎城) jointly launched the world-renowned Xi'an Incident (西安事变), forcing the Kuomintang authorities to change their policy of "internal pacification before external resistance" (攘外必先安内). The Xi'an Incident and its peaceful resolution played an important role in promoting the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and uniting to resist Japan. Next year marks the 90th anniversary of the Xi'an Incident, and this history once again reminds us that above national righteousness, no interest can replace the need for national unity.
In 1946, my grand-uncle was sent to Taiwan, where he lived in seclusion on the island for more than 40 years before going to the United States in his later years. The ups and downs of his fate are closely linked to the history of both sides of the Taiwan Strait. This profound historical memory prompts me to reflect: how should the two sides of the Strait move out of the past trauma and move towards a new future?
Memories of Beijing (北京): The Continuation of the Spirit of Resistance
On September 2 this year, as a relative of an anti-Japanese general, I went to Beijing (北京) with my cousin, Zhang Juxin (张居信), the grandson of Zhang Xueliang (张学良), to attend a symposium for Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots and overseas people concerned to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. The atmosphere at the scene was solemn and warm, and relatives of anti-Japanese patriots, experts and scholars from home and abroad gathered together.
We jointly commemorated the victory of the great War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and deeply felt that we should remember history, cherish the memory of martyrs, cherish peace, and create the future. History warns us that only development is the **硬道理** (yìng dào lǐ - "hard truth," the only correct principle), and only unity and struggle can create a more brilliant cause.
The next day, September 3, I stepped into Tiananmen Square (天安门广场) and witnessed a grand military parade. The sonorous footsteps, the magnificent scene, and the inspiring slogans made me deeply feel the confidence and strength of the Chinese nation today. This is not only a ritualistic commemoration of history, but also a concentrated display of the achievements of building a strong country. As a relative of an anti-Japanese general, I feel extremely proud, and I am even more determined to continue to promote cross-Strait exchanges and cooperation and devote myself to the rejuvenation of the nation.
Regret in Taipei (台北): Cross-Strait Differences in Commemorating the Retrocession of Taiwan
After the military parade, I returned to Hong Kong (香港) and immediately flew to Taipei (台北) with almost no rest to attend the "Retrocession Day" celebrations in Taiwan. The understanding and interpretation of "retrocession" in Taiwanese society is quite different from that in the mainland. What should have been a day for both sides of the Strait to commemorate and cherish together has been given a confrontational and even divisive color.
In the discourse of some Taiwanese media, "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, and political groups, "retrocession" has been diluted or even redefined, and the historical narrative has been dismembered and distorted, lacking the necessary national stance. In contrast, in the mainland, the retrocession of Taiwan is clearly regarded as an important achievement of the Chinese people's victory in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the result of the unity and struggle of the sons and daughters of China. This difference reflects the complexity of the current cross-Strait relations, which makes me feel quite regretful and even more that the task is arduous.
Nearly 40 Years of Observation and Reflection
Since the late 1980s, I have traveled back and forth across the Strait for nearly 40 years. During this period, I have often seen the tears of old soldiers reuniting, the sparks of thought from scholars' exchanges, and also felt the estrangement in communication. Sometimes, exchanges still remain at the level of expressing positions, lacking in-depth understanding. How to cross this psychological barrier has become a realistic issue before us.
The basic policy of the Chinese government to resolve the Taiwan issue is "peaceful reunification, one country, two systems." There is no doubt about the sincerity of peace, which is based on the hearts of the people. It is necessary to let each other see the truth, feel the warmth, and transform the compatriots' feelings into spiritual harmony. The cultural ties between the two sides of the Strait, which share the same roots and origins, have never been broken. Whether it is the common cultural tradition or the etiquette and customs that are still vivid in Taiwanese society, they are all a continuation of the Chinese civilization. These cultural commonalities are not only historical imprints, but also the cornerstone of mutual trust. Through cultural exchanges, academic cooperation, and youth exchange programs, compatriots can appreciate the vitality and inclusiveness of Chinese civilization, thereby enhancing their sense of identity.
History tells us that division weakens the nation, and backwardness invites aggression. Only through unity and development can we achieve national rejuvenation. Today, we should strengthen cooperation in the fields of economy, trade, education, science and technology, and culture, so that Taiwanese compatriots can truly feel the benefits of the improvement of cross-Strait relations, and work together with mainland compatriots to create a better future. As a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协委员) for six terms and as a relative of an anti-Japanese general, I deeply feel the mission entrusted to me by history. The history of the retrocession of Taiwan has profound implications for the future. Commemorating history is not only about cherishing the memory and remembering, but also about transforming it into responsibility and action. We must learn from history and, under the guidance of the "peaceful reunification, one country, two systems" policy, take integration as the path and reunification as the goal, so that compatriots on both sides of the Strait can work together and jointly move towards the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
(The author is a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协委员) and the great-nephew of the patriotic general Zhang Xueliang (张学良).)
Return to TopThe Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) made top-level designs and strategic plans for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, clarifying the direction and path for the entire Party and people of all ethnic groups across the country to continuously advance the grand cause of Chinese-style modernization.
In recent days, cadres and the masses in various regions have deeply studied and implemented the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会). Everyone has expressed that they will unify their thoughts and actions with the various decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, maintain strategic focus, strengthen their confidence in victory, seize every minute, and take responsibility, transforming the blueprint for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period depicted by the Plenary Session into reality, and ensuring that decisive progress is made in basically achieving socialist modernization.
Extraordinary achievements inspire confidence in progress.
At dawn, the Pearl River Estuary (珠江口) is shimmering, and the Shenzhen-Zhongshan Bridge (深中通道) is bustling with traffic. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the comprehensive strength of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) reached a new level, with its economic aggregate exceeding 14 trillion yuan.
The Plenary Session highly praised the major achievements made in China's development during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. Zhu Wei (朱伟), Executive Deputy Director of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Office (广东省大湾区办), has deep feelings about this.
"Building the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) is a major national strategy personally planned, personally deployed, and personally promoted by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平)," said Zhu Wei (朱伟). From infrastructure "hard connectivity" to rule alignment and industrial synergy, the high-quality development of the Greater Bay Area (大湾区) is advancing steadily, which is a microcosm of the historic changes in the cause of the Party and the country. Practice has fully proven that the fundamental reason for the achievements is the leadership and direction of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
Thousands of miles away, in the fields of the Jiaxing Modern Agricultural Machinery Professional Cooperative (嘉兴现代农机专业合作社) in Aihui District (爱辉区), Heihe City (黑河市), Heilongjiang Province (黑龙江省), harvesters are collecting the new season's corn. "Just as the Plenary Session mentioned 'effectively responding to a series of major risks and challenges,' our bumper harvest was 'seized' in response to one challenge after another," said Gai Yongfeng (盖永峰), Director of the cooperative. Every Central No. 1 Document (中央一号文件) in the past five years has placed food security as the top priority, and the state has introduced a series of policies to help farmers, the core of which is to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich farmers. If we follow the Party, the "Chinese rice bowl" will become more and more stable, and our lives will become better and better.
During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China's development has experienced the dangers of wading through shoals, the difficulties of climbing slopes, and the challenges of tackling key problems, fully demonstrating the courage and wisdom of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core in leading the giant ship of China through turbulent waves.
After carefully studying the Plenary Session Communiqué, Ding Qichao (丁琪超), Director of the Jiufeng Mountain Laboratory (九峰山实验室) in Hubei (湖北), felt particularly deeply about "overcoming difficulties, fighting risks, and meeting challenges with a spirit of historical initiative." Faced with a complex external environment and fierce technological competition, the laboratory has achieved breakthroughs in the localization of key materials. "We have jointly targeted national needs with relevant institutions to work on a project with a clear roadmap," he said. The breakthroughs in technology demonstrate the institutional advantages of concentrating resources to accomplish major tasks, and it is precisely through continuous advancement and joint efforts that China's technological level and the independent and controllable capabilities of its industrial chain have been significantly improved.
Madoi County (玛多县) in Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (果洛藏族自治州), Qinghai Province (青海省), located at the source of the Yellow River (黄河), once suffered ecological degradation due to climate change and overgrazing. Now, the grasslands are lush and the lakes are like stars.
Witnessing the changes in the ecology of his hometown, Jia Yang Doje (加羊多杰), a cadre in the Yellow River Township (黄河乡) of Madoi County (玛多县), has a more intuitive understanding of the "complete, accurate, and comprehensive implementation of the new development concept" proposed by the Plenary Session: "The Party and the state care about the mountains, rivers, and lakes of our hometown. This time, it was mentioned again to accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development. We must continue to work from generation to generation, protect the 'Water Tower of China,' and let green waters and green mountains always become our advantage and pride."
After the Plenary Session Communiqué was issued, the Chongqing High-tech Zone Management Committee (重庆高新区管委会) of the Western Science City (西部科学城) immediately organized discussions and studies. Superimposed with national strategic opportunities such as the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle (成渝地区双城经济圈) and the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor (西部陆海新通道), this place has gradually transformed into a highland for western development. "The achievements have not come easily and need to be cherished and built upon," said Nie Hongyan (聂红焰), Director of the Chongqing High-tech Zone Management Committee (重庆高新区管委会) of the Western Science City (西部科学城), who has more expectations for the future. "We will understand the important spirit of the Plenary Session, promote the cross-regional layout of advantageous industries such as integrated circuits, accelerate the development of an open economy with greater reform efforts, and provide strong impetus for building a new development pattern."
Key plans guide a magnificent journey.
On the basis of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035 requires the implementation of the "14th Five-Year Plan," "15th Five-Year Plan," and "16th Five-Year Plan" three five-year plans to complete. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out the great significance of continuous struggle, clarifying that the "15th Five-Year Plan" period is a crucial period for consolidating the foundation and fully exerting efforts.
"The Plenary Session profoundly expounded the historical orientation of China's development, deeply analyzed the internal and external situation facing it, and drew a blueprint for development in the next five years, which is highly ideological, strategic, and guiding," said Lai Hong (赖宏), a professor in the Teaching and Research Department of the China Jinggangshan Cadre College (中国井冈山干部学院). In the critical period of linking the past and opening up the future, it is necessary to more deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments" (两个确立) and more firmly achieve the "Two Safeguards" (两个维护), maintain strategic clarity, grasp key tasks, and steadily advance Chinese-style modernization.
On the coast of the East China Sea (东海), the coastline of Ningbo Zhoushan Port (宁波舟山港) in Zhejiang (浙江) is full of 10,000-ton giant ships, a scene of busy activity.
The Plenary Session determined that promoting high-quality development is the theme of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and required "adhering to economic construction as the center," which filled Tao Chengbo (陶成波), Chairman of Zhejiang Seaport Group (浙江省海港集团) and Ningbo Zhoushan Port Group (宁波舟山港集团), with energy. "As the world's largest port in terms of annual cargo throughput for 16 consecutive years, we feel a great responsibility," he said. Ningbo Zhoushan Port (宁波舟山港) will continue to anchor the goal of "striving to build a world-class strong port," create a modern logistics supply chain covering the globe and connecting the inland, and serve high-quality development with high-quality port construction.
The next five years are a critical period for building a strong country in science and technology. The Plenary Session listed "a significant increase in the level of self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology" as one of the main goals of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, which made Zhang Jihong (张继红), Director of the Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission and Administrative Commission of Zhongguancun (北京市科委、中关村管委会), feel a heavy responsibility on her shoulders: "General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) especially emphasized the need to seize this window of opportunity. Zhongguancun (中关村) must combine the work deployment of building an international science and technology innovation center, intensify the implementation of leading actions in basic research and tackling key core technologies, and accelerate the construction of a world-leading science and technology park."
In Zhaoxing Dong Village (肇兴侗寨) in Liping County (黎平县), Guizhou Province (贵州省), in the "Dongpin Yuan" (侗品源) intangible cultural heritage workshop, the fragrance of indigo permeates the air, and Lu Yongmei (陆勇妹), the head of the workshop, is showing tourists the traditional indigo dyeing techniques.
China's outstanding traditional culture provides rich nourishment for Chinese-style modernization. The Plenary Session proposed a series of goals and tasks such as "stimulating the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation," which made Lu Yongmei (陆勇妹) more determined in the direction of progress: "In the future, we will open more intangible cultural heritage classes, organize skills training for artisans, and promote ancient techniques to enter people's lives, contributing our strength to showcasing the charm of Chinese culture."
The Plenary Session regarded "adhering to the overall planning of development and security" as one of the principles that must be followed in economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and made important deployments such as "building a higher level of safe China."
At present, the Jinfeng District People's Court (金凤区人民法院) in Yinchuan City (银川市), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (宁夏回族自治区), is carrying out a centralized enforcement campaign called "Autumn Harvest Action" (秋收行动) to safeguard judicial authority and respond to the expectations of the masses with enforcement results. Combining the spirit of the Plenary Session with his own work, Ma Junping (马君平), Vice President of the Jinfeng District People's Court (金凤区人民法院), said that he will ensure that case judgments are fair, efficient, and enforced in a standardized and effective manner with a stronger sense of responsibility and more practical measures, contributing the strength of the court to building a higher level of safe China.
Opening up a new situation with practical work.
The great way is simple, and practical work is essential. To ensure that the goals and tasks are implemented effectively and transformed into reality, the key lies in continuous struggle and practical work.
"General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made strategic guidance on the comprehensive, scientific, and accurate implementation of the spirit of the Plenary Session, clarifying that all regions and departments should adhere to a systematic concept, consciously act under the overall situation, and play a good 'national game of chess'," said Wang Junping (王军平), Deputy Director of the Xi'an Development and Reform Commission (西安市发展和改革委员会) in Shaanxi Province (陕西省). He said that he will take the spirit of the Plenary Session as a guide, plan for the future of Xi'an (西安) around the core functional positioning of "western economic center, science and technology innovation center, advanced manufacturing base, center for foreign exchanges, and international tourist destination," closely combining serving national strategies with promoting Xi'an's (西安) development and radiating and driving the northwest, and accelerating the preparation of local plans.
"Building a modern industrial system and consolidating and strengthening the foundation of the real economy" is placed at the top of the strategic tasks of the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal, which has strengthened Wang Xinying's (王新莹), Chairman of Luoyang Bearing Group Co., Ltd. (洛阳轴承集团股份有限公司), determination to deeply cultivate the real economy: "We will fully grasp the implementation of the spirit of the Plenary Session, accelerate the construction of intelligent production lines for high-energy-level bearings such as offshore wind power, intensify efforts to tackle key core technologies of high-end bearings, and stand up the backbone of the national bearing industry."
In late autumn, the facility greenhouses in Mazhan Village (马站村), Dangzhai Town (党寨镇), Ganzhou District (甘州区), Zhangye City (张掖市), Gansu Province (甘肃省) are full of greenery, and organic vegetables such as cabbage are growing well. This year, the village's organic vegetable sales revenue is expected to exceed 50 million yuan.
"The Plenary Session proposed to improve the comprehensive production capacity and quality and efficiency of agriculture. For us, it means making the village's 'local specialties' grow well and sell well," said Ma Zhaocun (马兆存), Secretary of the General Party Branch of Mazhan Village (马站村). The current organic vegetable seedling base has been put into operation, and we will continue to promote docking with enterprises to make the characteristic industry bigger and drive villagers to increase their income and become rich.
The Plenary Session proposed to "fully stimulate the vitality of various business entities," which made Lu Zhaode (卢照德), General Manager of Anhui Wan'an Auto Parts Co., Ltd. (安徽万安汽车零部件有限公司), more at ease in starting a business: "From tax and fee reductions to the collaborative guarantee of the industrial chain, the state and local governments have given strong support. We must invest all policy dividends in innovation, focus on lightweight technology and new materials to continue to tackle key problems, and contribute the strength of private enterprises to the development of the new energy vehicle industry."
In the great northwest of the motherland, the Guyuan Lane Community (固原巷社区) of Erdaoqiao Street (二道桥街道), Tianshan District (天山区), Urumqi City (乌鲁木齐市), Xinjiang (新疆) organized staff and veteran Party members to study the spirit of the Plenary Session as soon as possible. Zhang Yaowen (张耀文), Secretary of the General Party Branch of the community, said that we deeply feel that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) and the Party Central Committee always care about the people and listen to the grassroots with a people-centered sentiment and pragmatic style. We will implement the requirements of the Plenary Session to "strengthen inclusive, basic, and bottom-line livelihood construction," focus on optimizing day care and after-school services for the "elderly and young," promote the improvement of infrastructure in old residential areas, and use practical actions to fulfill the people's "happiness list."
The more effective the Party's governance, the stronger the guarantee for economic and social development. After deeply studying and understanding the spirit of the Plenary Session, Zhang Jun (张军), Secretary of the Disciplinary Committee of Ejin Horo Banner (伊金霍洛旗) in Ordos City (鄂尔多斯市), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), said that the grassroots level is the "last mile" of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party. As a discipline inspection and supervision agency, we must always maintain the sobriety and determination of the "examination," unswervingly investigate and deal with corruption and style problems around the masses, resolutely implement the Party's self-revolution requirements in place, and provide a strong guarantee for achieving the economic and social development goals of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 28 (Xinhua News Agency Reporter))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张丹华 高 炳 贾丰丰
Civilized rural customs are the soul of rural revitalization. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized the need to "cultivate civilized rural customs" and "improve the level of civilized rural customs construction." From October 29th to 30th, the China Civilized Rural Customs Conference was held in Yan'an (延安) City, Shaanxi (陕西) Province.
Recently, reporters from this newspaper traveled to Yan'an (延安) and presented the practice of civilized rural customs construction here through three special features, feeling the "tremendous changes in the mountain villages" from the outside to the inside in the new era.
——Editor
A Hoe, Inheriting the Red Gene
Nanniwan (南泥湾) in late autumn has beautiful scenery. Driving through Daoxiangmen (稻香门), you are greeted by the Party Emblem Square, and not far away are thousands of acres of golden rice fields.
"The good times we have now were dug out by the commanders and fighters of the 359th Brigade hoe by hoe." In a farmhouse courtyard in Nanniwan (南泥湾) Village, Hou Xiuzhen (侯秀珍), an elderly woman in her 80s, is leaning against the wall, telling tourists the story of Nanniwan (南泥湾). On the outer wall of the cave dwelling, large characters are painted in red paint - "The Nanniwan (南泥湾) Spirit is Passed Down from Generation to Generation."
In 2020, Hou Xiuzhen (侯秀珍) took out all the family's savings and built six rooms in her yard to display the revolutionary cultural relics and old photos of the 359th Brigade that she had treasured for many years. Among them, an old hoe is particularly eye-catching. More than 80 years ago, Hou Xiuzhen's (侯秀珍) father-in-law, Liu Baozhai (刘宝斋), was the deputy company commander of the 9th Company of the 719th Regiment of the 359th Brigade, and he used this old hoe.
"In those days, people used it to reclaim wasteland and grow grain." Hou Xiuzhen (侯秀珍) pointed to the old hoe and said, "Now, to promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, the old hoe cannot be lost."
For a while, the rice planting area in Nanniwan (南泥湾) once shrank. "The restoration of the rice fields was not easy." Standing on the newly renovated field埂 in Nanyangfu (南阳府) Village, Nanniwan (南泥湾) Town, Cao Jie (曹杰), deputy general manager of Yan'an Nanniwan (延安南泥湾) (Group) Agricultural Co., Ltd., said with emotion.
The irrigation system was in disrepair for a long time, and the villagers repaired it with shovels and hoes; the soil was severely salinized, and everyone improved it bit by bit. Over the years, from Nanniwan (南泥湾) Village to the surrounding Gaofang (高坊) Village, Taobaoyu (桃宝峪) Village, etc., the rice fields have been restored and connected one by one.
"'Rotten Mud Bay' has become a 'Good Southern China', thanks to the hoes of the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army. Now, to revitalize the land, we have to rely on the people to pick up new 'hoes'." Cao Jie (曹杰) said. By introducing advanced agricultural machinery and equipment such as unmanned rice transplanters, combine harvesters, and drones, farmers have improved production efficiency, are more energetic in their work, and have more hope for their lives.
The military-civilian wells and cave dwellings of that year have been built into red tourist attractions; the collected old photos and old objects are displayed in the village history museum... Nanniwan (南泥湾) Village has built a platform for learning the Nanniwan (南泥湾) spirit and used the red gene to build civilized rural customs. Revolutionary site visits, rice field study tours, and tasting of special agricultural products... Diverse business formats continue to activate development momentum. In 2024, Nanniwan (南泥湾) received more than 1 million tourists.
The countryside of Yan'an (延安) not only retains 332 revolutionary sites, but also integrates the red gene into the construction of civilized rural customs in a revitalized way. Yan'an (延安) systematically integrates cultural resources and has embarked on a road of integrated development of "Party building + cultural tourism."
A Poplar Tree, Witnessing the Green Trend
In late autumn, walking into the hinterland of Baiyu (白于) Mountain, the rolling mountains are covered with colorful forests.
Arriving at the village history museum in Nangou (南沟) Village, Wuqi (吴起) County, a photo hanging on the wall attracted reporters who came to "explore the green" - a poplar tree standing alone on the cliff; in the distance, the ridges were bare. The photo was taken in 2001.
"Let's go, go up the mountain to find the tree." Following villager Liu Zhihong (刘志宏), climb up the small slope behind the village. On the opposite cliff, this poplar tree is still strong and vigorous. The difference is that the entire ridge next to it is already lush with vegetation.
In 1999, Yan'an (延安) sounded the "green charge" and launched the "Grain for Green" project. Nangou (南沟) Village took the lead in launching this magnificent "green revolution" in Yan'an (延安). "At the beginning, many villagers couldn't figure out 'closing the mountains and banning grazing' - there wasn't enough food for people to eat. How could there be enough grass for sheep to eat?" Liu Zhihong (刘志宏) remembers that after repeated persuasion from the village cadres, the villagers gradually dispelled their doubts, "So everyone carried saplings, shovels, and dry food, crossed deep ditches, climbed up the ridges, and dug pits and planted trees on the slopes."
The "green paintbrush" plus the "passage of time" has been exchanged for a "mountain miracle." As of the end of 2024, Yan'an (延安) has completed 10.775 million mu of returning farmland to forest, with a vegetation coverage of 81.3%. Nangou (南沟) Village is also lush, with flowers in three seasons and green in all four seasons.
In the early days of returning farmland, the sheep raised by the villagers needed to be converted into captive breeding, and everyone was not very happy. "Looking back now, only when the ecology becomes better can life be better." Liu Zhihong (刘志宏) said.
What has changed is not only the landscape. "The villagers can't tell the big truths, they just say they are living a 'green life'." In the view of Bai Tao (白涛), secretary of the Party branch of Nangou (南沟) Village, the ecological concept is integrated into the rural customs, and the production and lifestyle of the people have also begun to "green upgrade."
In those days, villager Kuang Zhiwu (匡志武) raised 90 sheep and never understood why he had to plant grass. Now, he has become an "office worker" at his doorstep - Kuang Zhiwu (匡志武) works as an operator at the village's popular tourist attraction, the Rainbow Slide, with a monthly salary of 2,800 yuan.
Rainbow slides, water swing bridges, apple picking gardens... Nangou (南沟), which has a new look, has seen a boom in rural tourism. In 2024, the per capita annual income of villagers is nearly 20,000 yuan. Bai Tao (白涛) said with emotion: "The people in the old revolutionary base area are exploring new lives on a broader stage."
A Waist Drum, Beating Out New Sounds of Tradition
An'sai (安塞), Yan'an (延安), Fengjiaying (冯家营) Village. Walking into the courtyard of villager Zhou Zhizhan's (周志战) home, a burst of sonorous drumbeats breaks the silence of the Loess Plateau.
"The weather is clear, let's have some fun!" With a white sheep belly towel and a red belt, Zhou Zhizhan (周志战) is full of energy with the waist drum hanging on his body, "For tourists, the waist drum is a performance; but for our own people, the waist drum is a way to communicate. In the waist drum, there is a new fashion in our countryside!"
The waist drummers of Fengjiaying (冯家营) Village have been on the Spring Festival Gala and the World Expo, and their reputation has long flown out of northern Shaanxi (陕北) and crossed the country's borders. "Waist drummers have become disseminators of civilized new customs." Zhou Zhizhan (周志战) said.
Everyone is a villager and a teammate of the waist drum team, and they all have the "business card" of the waist drum on their bodies. If something happens, "face to face", it is easier to resolve any contradictions and disputes.
The small waist drum beats out a new landscape of civilization and also beats out a new flavor of getting rich. "Throughout the year, the performances are fully scheduled!" Zhou Zhizhan's (周志战) voice is bright, and he is full of pride when he opens his mouth, "After a performance, thousands of yuan are steadily pocketed!"
In 2018, the village built a waist drum culture village, and the cave dwellings attract tourists from far and near to check in. Wang Yanbin (王延斌), the village branch secretary, said: "The villagers are busy rehearsing programs and participating in performances. They earn money, their bodies are strong, and there are fewer quarrels!"
Walking into Fengjiaying (冯家营) Village, not only can you hear the sound of waist drums, but also farmers' paintings and paper-cuts are everywhere. On the rural civilization corridor, the brightly colored farmers' paintings do not depict landscapes, but good people - "good mother-in-law" Chen Sifang (陈思芳), "good daughter-in-law" Fan Miao (范苗)... These "role models around them" are hung on the walls and remembered in their hearts by the villagers.
The rural civilization council is the "navigation device" in everyone's mind. "I recommend and I evaluate the good people around me", the selection of "civilized families", the moral standards are strictly controlled, the stories of the red list figures are spread more and more, and the villagers follow suit and catch up, and learning from good people and doing good deeds has become a new fashion.
The sound of the drums is getting louder and louder, and the drumbeats are getting tighter and tighter. In Zhou Zhizhan's (周志战) courtyard, more and more villagers and tourists are gathering, and the good show belonging to Fengjiaying (冯家营) Village has begun.
Return to TopBy: 张 铁
Walking in Yan'an (延安), a fresh atmosphere blows.
From the fruitful apple orchards to the tidy and clean farmhouses; from the "New Villagers' Convention" written on the earthen walls to the "Civilization Caravan" driving through the village lanes, on this hot land, the red gene lays the foundation, the yellow earth culture cultivates the true color, and green development depicts the new color. In the new era, new villages are unfolding a new picture of civilized rural customs.
Civilized rural customs, spiritual inheritance. Pagoda Hill (宝塔山), Yan River (延河水), the revolutionary holy land flows with red blood. The 332 revolutionary sites remaining in the villages of Yan'an (延安) are like spiritual coordinates, allowing the red gene to integrate into civilized rural customs. The "Zhang Side (张思德) Civilized Service" network covers Anse District (安塞区), towns, and villages, and the "Yan'an Spirit Young Pioneers Explanation Group" has an audience of over 1.5 million people... Red solidifies the foundation and nourishes the soul of the countryside, becoming a rich source of civilized rural customs.
Civilized rural customs, cultural nourishment. One side of the land nourishes one side of the people. The loess and the Yellow River (黄河) have nurtured the people of Yan'an's (延安) warm and simple character. Playing waist drums, performing Yangko dances, singing folk songs, blowing suonas, cutting window flowers... Continuing cultural traditions and innovating expressions, these cultural symbols belonging to this land show the hot and prosperous good days and the vigorous spirit, nourishing the hearts of farmers in the new era.
Civilized rural customs, the times are renewed. In the new era, in the green mountains and clear waters, the plateau blows a new atmosphere. In the continuous apple orchards, robots are used for picking, the Internet is used for sales, and new farmers are using new agricultural tools; in the small mountain villages between the ridges, cave dwellings have opened agritainment businesses, and research tours are being conducted in the fields. From poverty alleviation to comprehensive rural revitalization, changing old ideas, embracing new life, developing and improving civilization, and rural customs feeding back to development.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that "Rural revitalization should not only shape the form but also cast the soul." From Yan'an (延安) to the entire Shaanxi (陕西) province, from the land of Sanqin (三秦大地) to the north and south of the Yangtze River, civilized rural customs, good family traditions, and simple folk customs are radiating a new atmosphere of rural civilization and composing a new chapter of comprehensive rural revitalization.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 彭 波
On October 28, 2025, the 18th session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) Standing Committee voted to adopt the Decision on Amending the Organic Law of Villagers Committees and the newly revised Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees. President Xi Jinping (习近平) signed Presidential Decrees No. 59 and No. 60 to promulgate them, effective from January 1, 2026. Recently, the heads of the Central Social Work Department (中央社会工作部), the Social Construction Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大社会建设委员会), and the Legislative Affairs Commission of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (全国人大常委会法制工作委员会) answered questions from reporters on relevant issues.
Q: What are the background, basic principles, and main content of the amendments to these two laws? What is their significance?
A: The grassroots mass autonomy system is a basic political system stipulated by China's Constitution. The Organic Law of Villagers Committees and the Organic Law of Urban Residents Committees are legislative implementations of the Constitution's provisions on the grassroots mass autonomy system. Since their implementation, they have played an important role in upholding and improving the grassroots mass autonomy system, strengthening the construction of grassroots democratic politics, and vigorously developing whole-process people's democracy. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has emphasized the importance of strengthening grassroots governance and upholding and improving the grassroots mass autonomy system from the height of consolidating the Party's ruling foundation and ensuring the people's well-being, and has made a series of major decisions and deployments to improve the system of the Party's comprehensive leadership over grassroots governance and improve the dynamic grassroots mass autonomy system, achieving major achievements. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee clearly required improving the grassroots mass autonomy mechanism under the leadership of grassroots Party organizations. To implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on grassroots governance and the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, it is necessary to carefully summarize the practical experience of grassroots governance and adapt to the new situation, new tasks, and new requirements to amend and improve the two laws. This is an inevitable requirement for upholding and strengthening the Party's comprehensive leadership over grassroots governance, an important measure for upholding and improving the grassroots mass autonomy system and developing whole-process people's democracy, and a realistic need for strengthening the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity.
The amendments follow these basic principles: First, strengthen the Party's leadership over grassroots mass autonomy work to ensure that the Party's leadership runs through the entire process and all aspects of the work of village (resident) committees. Second, grasp the nature and positioning of village (resident) committees as grassroots mass autonomous organizations, and consolidate and develop the grassroots mass autonomy system. Third, adhere to problem orientation, study and absorb mature experiences in practice, and at the same time leave room for local exploration. Fourth, adhere to the concept of systems, make consistent provisions for similar situations adjusted by the two laws, make provisions that conform to reality for urban and rural differences, and do a good job of connecting with other laws. The main contents of the amendments include: upholding and strengthening the Party's comprehensive leadership over grassroots governance, improving the provisions on the composition and responsibilities of village (resident) committees, improving the election system of village (resident) committees, adding special provisions for democratic consultation, improving the system of village (resident) meetings and village (resident) representative meetings, improving the system and mechanism of democratic management and democratic supervision, and improving the work guarantee system of village (resident) committees.
The amendments to these two laws are a vivid practice of Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on the rule of law in the field of grassroots governance. They are of great significance for improving the urban and rural grassroots governance system that combines Party organization leadership, rule of law, and moral governance, enhancing the effectiveness of urban and rural community residents' self-management, self-service, self-education, and self-supervision, improving the social governance system of co-construction, co-governance, and sharing, ensuring that the people directly exercise democratic rights in accordance with the law, and promoting the modernization of the grassroots governance system and governance capacity. Relevant parties should conscientiously do a good job in learning, publicizing, and preparing for implementation to ensure the comprehensive and effective implementation of the two laws.
Q: What provisions are there for strengthening the Party's leadership over grassroots mass autonomy work in grasping Party building to lead grassroots governance?
A: General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out that the grassroots are the foundation of the Party's governance and the source of its strength. Grassroots governance must adhere to and strengthen the Party's comprehensive leadership. The Constitution of the Communist Party of China requires village (community) Party organizations to uniformly lead various grassroots organizations and work in the region, and support and ensure that grassroots mass autonomous organizations fully exercise their powers. The amendments strengthen the Party's leadership over grassroots mass autonomy work, clarify that the work of village (resident) committees adheres to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the grassroots organizations of the Party in villages (communities) lead and support the village (resident) committees in carrying out their work, and the village (community) Party organizations play a leading role in key links such as democratic elections, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management, and democratic supervision; and the mature experiences such as strictly controlling the political qualifications of candidates for village (resident) committee members, "four discussions and two public disclosures" ("四议两公开"), "one shoulder to carry" ("一肩挑"), and cross-appointment have been raised to the level of legal system.
Q: What systems and measures are stipulated for guaranteeing the direct exercise of democratic rights by grassroots people in vigorously developing whole-process people's democracy?
A: Grassroots democracy is an important manifestation and vivid practice of whole-process people's democracy. As grassroots mass autonomous organizations, village (resident) committees have played an important role in developing grassroots democracy and consolidating grassroots political power, fully demonstrating the authenticity, breadth, and effectiveness of whole-process people's democracy. The amendments improve the system and mechanism of village (resident) committees implementing democratic elections, democratic consultation, democratic decision-making, democratic management, and democratic supervision, further guarantee the villagers' (residents') rights to know, participate, express, and supervise, ensure that villagers (residents) directly exercise democratic rights in accordance with the law, and inject new impetus into the development of whole-process people's democracy: First, improve the election system of village (resident) committees to ensure that villagers (residents) exercise their right to vote in accordance with the law; second, clarify and standardize the organization and implementation of democratic consultation by village (resident) committees to make the expression of the masses' demands more smooth and effective; third, improve democratic decision-making mechanisms such as village (resident) meetings and village (resident) representative meetings; fourth, improve democratic management regulations such as autonomous charters, village rules and regulations, and resident covenants; and fifth, improve democratic supervision content such as village (resident) affairs disclosure and village (resident) affairs supervision.
Q: What requirements are stipulated for implementing the Party Central Committee's decision-making and deployment to reduce the burden on the grassroots?
A: General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that resources, services, and management should be placed at the grassroots level as much as possible to ensure that grassroots affairs are handled at the grassroots level, grassroots power is given to the grassroots level, and grassroots affairs are handled by someone. In recent years, all localities have adhered to the clear orientation of focusing on the grassroots and have continued to deepen the work of reducing the burden on the grassroots. The amendments implement the Party Central Committee's decision-making and deployment to reduce the burden on the grassroots, improve the responsibilities of village (resident) committees, further strengthen the guarantee of the work of village (resident) committees, and clearly stipulate that local people's governments at all levels should establish and improve a long-term mechanism for rectifying formalism to reduce the burden on the grassroots. If village (resident) committees need to assist in carrying out work or are entrusted to assist in carrying out work, it should comply with laws and regulations and provide necessary conditions and guarantees, providing a legal basis for reducing the burden on villages (communities); provisions have been made on the guarantee of village (resident) committees' work by people's governments at all levels in terms of funding, facilities, personnel training, and information technology construction; further improve the fundraising mechanism for community service projects, village collective economy supports village public affairs and public welfare undertakings, and relevant units stationed in rural areas and units stationed in communities support the work of village (resident) committees, providing a mechanism guarantee for village (resident) committees to link various resources and guide various forces to participate in rural governance and community governance.
Q: What improvements have been made to the responsibilities of village (resident) committees in promoting grassroots mass autonomy and strengthening the construction of grassroots political power?
A: The amendments implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee and the provisions of the Constitution and laws, respond to development needs and practical work, implement the requirements of reducing the burden on the grassroots and ensuring that village (resident) committees perform their duties in accordance with the law, and further standardize and refine the responsibilities of village (resident) committees: First, in terms of strengthening publicity and guidance, support and guide villagers (residents) to practice socialist core values and forge a strong sense of community of the Chinese nation; second, in terms of maintaining social harmony and stability, assist in organizing villagers (residents) to participate in joint prevention and control, assist in handling letters and visits, coordinate and resolve conflicts and disputes, and assist in doing a good job in responding to emergencies; third, strengthen service guarantees for the masses, focusing on old-age care, childcare, and assistance to the weak, and care for the elderly, children, people with disabilities, and villagers (residents) in difficulty; fourth, guide all parties to participate, support and guide various social forces to participate in grassroots governance and services; and fifth, standardize property management services, respond to residents' demands, guide and assist in the establishment of owners' meetings and the election of owners' committees, assist in guiding and supervising owners' meetings and owners' committees to perform their duties in accordance with the law, and assist in mediating property disputes.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 巨云鹏
Shanghai Putuo District (上海市普陀区), with a surrounding area of Wuning Road (武宁路) spanning approximately two kilometers, is home to nearly a thousand science and technology innovation entities, including universities, research institutes, and technology enterprises.
Since the beginning of this year, Putuo District (普陀区) has successively signed cooperation memorandums with eight cities in Jiangsu Province (江苏省): Nanjing (南京), Wuxi (无锡), Changzhou (常州), Suzhou (苏州), Nantong (南通), Yangzhou (扬州), Zhenjiang (镇江), and Taizhou (泰州), jointly promoting the construction of the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) line.
"Putuo District (普陀区) is known as Shanghai's 'West Parlor' (上海的‘西大堂’), an important transportation hub connecting Shanghai (上海) with the Yangtze River Delta (长三角), and a key node in the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) line," said Hu Guangjie (胡广杰), Secretary of the Putuo District (普陀区) Party Committee. Putuo District (普陀区) considers serving the construction of the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) line within the broader context of the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta (长三角) and plans it within Shanghai's (上海) construction of "Five Centers" (五个中心). It hopes to promote the deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, talent chain, and service chain to serve the high-quality integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta (长三角).
Aggregating Science and Technology Innovation Elements
Strengthening the Ability to Transform Achievements
On October 19, the Integrated Circuit Industry College of East China Normal University (华东师范大学) officially settled in Putuo District (普陀区). This is a government-industry-academia research institution jointly built by East China Normal University (华东师范大学), Putuo District (普陀区), and Shanghai Integrated Circuit R&D Center Co., Ltd. (上海集成电路研发中心有限公司), and another achievement of Putuo District's (普陀区) aggregation of innovation entities. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, in terms of science and technology innovation, the main role of universities, research institutes, innovation platforms, and innovation enterprises in Putuo District (普陀区) has become increasingly prominent, and the ability of collaborative innovation and achievement transformation has been continuously strengthened. In 2024, the number of "Little Giant" (小巨人) technology enterprises in Putuo District (普陀区) reached 346, and the number of high-tech enterprises reached 694, an increase of 95 and 255 respectively compared with the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" period.
Shanghai Tsinghua International Innovation Center (上海清华国际创新中心), Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry (上海化工研究院), East China Electric Power Design Institute (华东电力设计院), Shanghai Robot Industry Technology Research Institute (上海机器人产业技术研究院)... In order to better play the role of innovation synergy, Putuo District (普陀区) integrates the source end, the middle end, the application end, and various professional institutions serving innovation around the industrial chain, and promotes nearly a thousand units in the region to carry out cooperation in scientific research, technology research and development, and international market development.
"We give full play to the advantages of Putuo's (普陀) large universities and research institutes, and support them to build high-quality incubators and concept verification centers to become 'chain owner' enterprises in their respective fields," said Zhao Liang (赵亮), Mayor of Putuo District (普陀区). The district has established special funds and service teams to strive to form a risk-sharing and benefit-sharing mechanism of "scientists dare to do, capital dares to invest, enterprises dare to venture, and the government dares to support."
Creating the "Innovation Lane" (创新里) science and technology industry space, accelerating the construction of the Haina Town (海纳小镇) digital transformation demonstration zone, and establishing a Banma Suhe (半马苏河) Science and Technology Innovation Fund with a total scale of 5 billion yuan... A series of policies and measures have made the concentration of science and technology innovation elements in Putuo District (普陀区) increasingly high. "For the innovative development of enterprises, there are more diversified industrial forms and richer application scenarios on the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) line," said Lu Hai (陆海), Executive Deputy Director of the Putuo District (普陀区) Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) Collaborative Innovation Office.
Since the beginning of this year, the Putuo District (普陀区) Party and Government Delegation has successively signed cooperation memorandums with eight cities in Jiangsu Province (江苏省), focusing on industrial linkage, enterprise services, platform construction, and talent services, jointly promoting the construction of the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) line.
Building a Cross-Regional Cooperation Platform
Stimulating the Vitality of Innovation Entities
In May of this year, Putuo District (普陀区) held the first phase of primary and intermediate technology manager training on industrial innovation and technology transfer along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) line, hoping to create an "all-field" technology manager team to accurately serve cross-regional collaborative innovation work.
Wang Zhixuan (王志轩), who is engaged in the transformation of relevant scientific and technological achievements at the Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry (上海化工研究院), is one of the beneficiaries of this training. In March of this year, the Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry (上海化工研究院) released a demand for the localization of materials, but it has not found a suitable domestic supplier in Shanghai (上海).
Technology managers play an indispensable role in the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements. "At the training meeting, I met a technology manager from Suzhou (苏州). He has rich experience in the technical field of advanced materials and is very compatible with us," said Wang Zhixuan (王志轩). Through the connection of the technology manager, the two parties have reached a preliminary cooperation intention and are stepping up the design and evaluation of further cooperation plans.
Today, a team of 74 technology managers covers Putuo (普陀) and Nanjing (南京), Wuxi (无锡), Changzhou (常州), Suzhou (苏州), Nantong (南通), Yangzhou (扬州), Zhenjiang (镇江), and Taizhou (泰州), "one district and eight cities," serving as "scientific and technological matchmakers" for promoting technological exchanges and joint research among science and technology innovation enterprises on the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) line.
At the 2025 World Cities Day series of events and the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) Urban Science and Technology and Industrial Collaborative Innovation Day event, the "Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) Technology Manager Alliance" was officially established, and the first batch of Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) urban technology demand lists were released, totaling 230 million yuan.
"Enterprise demand is the 'source of living water' that drives the innovation chain. Focusing on key industries, we are promoting the 'enterprises propose questions, research institutes solve questions, and the government assists questions' mechanism to a larger scope," said Li Wenbo (李文波), Director of the Putuo District (普陀区) Science and Technology Commission. Putuo District (普陀区) actively builds the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) collaborative innovation market platform, gathers enterprise demands, scientific research platforms, and technical resources from different cities, and stimulates the vitality of innovation entities and improves the effectiveness of scientific and technological achievement transformation through the "reveal the list and take command" project.
Since its trial operation in July, the platform has jointly released 553 lists with relevant cities, research institutes, and enterprises, of which 30 have been successfully revealed, with a technology transaction amount of more than 16 million yuan. In addition, Putuo District (普陀区), together with eight cities in the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) industrial innovation belt, jointly sorted out the "three lists" of resources, demands, and cooperation, gathering 311 resources such as key laboratories and enterprise technology centers, 298 demands such as technology research, industrial linkage, and 196 cross-regional cooperation items.
Connecting Two Major Innovation Centers
Promoting Cross-Regional Collaborative Development
Since the beginning of this year, Putuo District (普陀区) and relevant cities in the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) industrial innovation belt have continued to deepen cooperation in various fields.
Establishing a "remote virtual window" to realize off-site application, consultation, and assistance services for government services, making it more convenient for enterprises to handle affairs across provinces; holding a small and medium-sized enterprise innovation and entrepreneurship competition, with enterprises from cities along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) line accounting for about 30%; the release of the "Starting from Shanghai West Railway Station - Traveling along the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) Line" series of tourism products, with 5 themed routes, strengthening the "mutual visits" of residents in Shanghai (上海) and many places in Jiangsu (江苏); in terms of talent policy, providing overseas outstanding graduates introduced by Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) cooperative cities with a maximum of 1 year of rental subsidies, and providing talents with short-term accommodation needs with a single maximum of 1 week and a cumulative maximum of 6 weeks of free accommodation throughout the year...
Focusing on building an industrial cluster led by the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) industrial innovation belt, the Putuo District (普陀区) CPPCC (政协) and the Shanghai Economic Information Center (上海市经济信息中心) conducted special research this year. The research results pointed out that the convenience brought by the "Yangtze River Delta (长三角) on the rail transit" makes Putuo District (普陀区) expected to become an important gateway connecting Shanghai (上海) and Jiangsu (江苏), two major innovation centers, and an important node for the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation and cross-regional collaborative development.
Currently, the role of the node has been showing. The Yangtze River Delta (长三角) Robot Industry Platform Innovation Alliance, led by the Shanghai Electrical Apparatus Research Institute (上海电科所), has provided testing and certification services to more than 20 robot companies in Nanjing (南京), Suzhou (苏州), Changzhou (常州), and other places. Relying on the advantages of isotope research and development, the Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry (上海化工研究院) has linked units in Suzhou (苏州), Wuxi (无锡), and other places to form the "Yangtze River Delta (长三角) Isotope Technology Innovation Consortium" to promote the mass production of key reagents for early tumor screening, filling the domestic gap.
Located in the Zhenru (真如) sub-center of Putuo District (普陀区), the Shanghai International Digital Advertising Park (上海国际数字广告园) has gathered nearly 180 digital advertising companies within two years of its opening, with revenue reaching 15 billion yuan last year. From January to September this year, the revenue of the advertising industry in Putuo District (普陀区) increased by about 14% year-on-year.
"On the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) industrial innovation belt, Shanghai's (上海) creative design capabilities are leading and can play a great value," said Ding Wei (丁伟), Dean of the Future Design Research Institute of the Shanghai Tsinghua International Innovation Center (上海清华国际创新中心). Give play to the advantages of Putuo District's (普陀区) design-driven innovation ecosystem, build a "design engine" for the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) industrial innovation belt, provide key solutions such as product definition, technology application, and brand building for cities along the line, and lead the regional industry to climb to the high end of the value chain.
Facing the "15th Five-Year Plan," Putuo District (普陀区) will continue to make efforts in many aspects on the basis of consolidating existing cooperation results to serve the construction of the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) industrial innovation belt:
Focusing on the "one map" of industry, deepen scientific and technological innovation to lead industrial innovation, and build a number of "chain alliances" around the key industry map; focusing on the "one chain" of innovation, deepen the collaborative innovation of universities, research institutes, and scientific research institutions; focusing on the "one network" of elements, guide the government capital and industrial capital of Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) cities to jointly participate in the funding end and the project end, investing early, investing small, and investing in hard technology; focusing on the "one-stop" service, actively build a technology innovation docking platform, an industrial cooperation exchange platform, and an enterprise overseas service platform; focusing on the "one game" of the market, strengthen cooperation in policy coordination, market access, and data interconnection to better break down barriers between regions and departments...
"We must further improve our position, open our minds, broaden our horizons, closely combine serving the construction of the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) industrial innovation belt with serving the overall development situation, and strive to build Putuo District (普陀区) into a 'gravity field, wisdom source, incubator, and service center' of the Shanghai-Nanjing (沪宁) industrial innovation belt," said Hu Guangjie (胡广杰).
Return to TopBy: 王 振
The industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway connects major economic hubs such as Shanghai (上海), Nanjing (南京), and Suzhou (苏州), gathering a large number of high-tech enterprises, national key laboratories, and numerous listed technology companies, forming a globally competitive innovative industrial cluster, and has the potential to be built into an industrial innovation belt with global influence.
Since the beginning of this year, the Putuo District (普陀区) of Shanghai (上海) has signed cooperation memorandums with eight cities, namely Nanjing (南京), Wuxi (无锡), Changzhou (常州), Suzhou (苏州), Nantong (南通), Yangzhou (扬州), Zhenjiang (镇江), and Taizhou (泰州), to jointly promote the construction of the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway.
In the national "14th Five-Year Plan" outline regarding enhancing the integrated development level of the Yangtze River Delta, it is clearly proposed to "accelerate the construction of the G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor and the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway." Facing the "15th Five-Year Plan," all cities should actively promote the construction of the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway, take the lead in breaking down regional divisions and administrative barriers, increase the intensity of institutional and mechanism innovation, and lead the expansion of the Yangtze River Delta integration to a deeper level and wider fields. Drawing on the construction experience of domestic and foreign science and technology innovation corridors, accelerate the construction of a cross-regional collaborative mechanism for the deep integration of science and technology innovation and industrial innovation in the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway.
It is necessary to strengthen policy focus, establish and improve the inter-governmental collaborative promotion system, fully mobilize the participation enthusiasm of various innovation entities and business entities along the route, explore the creation of a number of cross-regional innovation consortia, jointly build a number of high-level innovation service platforms, and fully empower Putuo District (普陀区) to give full play to its location advantages and science and technology innovation resource advantages.
It is necessary to give full play to the respective advantages of central cities and small and medium-sized cities to enhance industrial innovation capabilities and modernization levels. Through the cooperative creation of manufacturing innovation centers, further promote the diffusion of innovation chains gathered in central cities to surrounding areas and small and medium-sized cities; through opening up innovation platforms and providing innovation vouchers and other measures, enterprises in various places can share the innovation resources of central cities at low cost; by supporting enterprises to establish R&D centers and design centers in central cities, promote their active cross-regional integration.
It is necessary to establish a global vision and strategic thinking, unswervingly deepen reform, expand high-level opening up, strengthen cross-regional collaboration in science and technology innovation and industrial innovation, jointly build a source of science and technology innovation, jointly build a world-class industrial cluster, jointly cultivate a world-class innovation ecosystem, and cultivate and enhance the functions of the science and technology innovation source belt, the high-end industry leading belt, and the new industry, new business form, and new model incubation belt, and strive to build the industrial innovation belt along the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway into an industrial innovation belt with world influence.
(Author is the Executive Deputy Director of the Yangtze River Delta and Yangtze River Economic Belt Research Center of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences (上海社科院), compiled by Jv Yunpeng (巨云鹏), reporter of this newspaper)
Return to TopBy: 施旖雯
In the autumn, tourist trains depart from Shanghai West Railway Station (上海西站) one after another, carrying tourists along the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway (沪宁线), embarking on wonderful journeys that blend culture and nature.
Shanghai West Railway Station (上海西站) is located between Shanghai's inner and middle ring roads, where the Beijing-Shanghai Railway (京沪铁路), Shanghai-Kunming Railway (沪昆铁路), Shanghai-Nanjing Intercity Railway (沪宁城际铁路), and Shanghai Metro Lines 11 and 15 converge. It has become a comprehensive transportation hub at the city's sub-center level, integrating railways, subways, buses, and other modes of transportation.
In September, the "Departing from Shanghai West Railway Station (上海西站) - Traveling along the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway (沪宁线)" series of tourism products was officially released to the market and launched for operation. This project was jointly developed and designed by the Putuo District Culture and Tourism Bureau (普陀区文旅局), Railway Shanghai Station (铁路上海站), and Shanghai Railway Tourism Group (上铁文旅集团), and features five carefully designed themed routes, each with its own unique characteristics:
The Nanjing (南京) line focuses on "cultural express travel," leading tourists to appreciate the profound heritage of the ancient capital of six dynasties; the Changzhou Liyang (常州溧阳) line focuses on "deep oxygen and tranquility," inviting tourists to immerse themselves in the beautiful scenery of Tianmu Lake (天目湖); the Nantong Taizhou (南通泰州) line focuses on "cultural expo root-seeking," walking through Tangzha Ancient Town (唐闸古镇) to experience industrial heritage; the Wuxi Suzhou (无锡苏州) line fully displays the graceful style of "Jiangnan Impression"; the Zhenjiang Yangzhou (镇江扬州) line offers a "landscape poetry and painting" twin-city tour, where you can experience Zhenjiang's (镇江) unique vinegar culture and stroll along the banks of Yangzhou's (扬州) Slender West Lake (瘦西湖).
The launch of this series of products is a concrete practice of Putuo District (普陀区) joining hands with cities along the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway (沪宁线) to deepen the integration of culture, tourism, commerce, sports, and exhibitions, and jointly create the distinctive brands of "Traveling along the Shanghai-Nanjing Railway (沪宁线)" and "Traveling the Yangtze River Delta by High-Speed Rail."
"Strengthening resource integration, accelerating the upgrading and renewal of the tourism industry, and continuously enriching the supply of cultural and tourism products to meet the increasingly diverse consumer demands of the masses." Zhou Hanyan (周涵嫣), Party Secretary and Director of the Putuo District Culture and Tourism Bureau (普陀区文旅局), said that they will continue to deepen the linkage and cooperation with cities along the Shanghai-Nanjing Industrial Innovation Belt (沿沪宁产业创新带) in the fields of cultural exchange, resource promotion, and festival exhibitions, and promote the high-quality development of regional cultural and tourism integration.
Return to TopBy: 吴 凡
In July, a group of cadres from Nantong City (南通市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), came to Putuo District (普陀区) for study and exchange. Miao Zhijun (缪志军), Deputy Director of the Planning and Coordination Division of the Nantong Science and Technology Bureau (南通市科技局), was one of them. During his study, Miao Zhijun (缪志军) visited Shanghai Zikangjia Robotics Co., Ltd. (上海智康加机器人有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "Zikangjia Company"). The company focuses on the field of smart rehabilitation. Its portable upper limb rehabilitation robot weighs only 7 kilograms and can help stroke patients complete professional rehabilitation training at home through a gamified training mode.
"The robot's gamified home training mode is very compatible with a long-term care insurance service in Nantong (南通), which can assist medical-grade products in connecting with medical institutions and elderly care institutions in Nantong (南通)," said Miao Zhijun (缪志军).
After accurately identifying supply and demand resources, Zikangjia Company quickly connected with the Nantong Municipal Medical Insurance Bureau (南通市医保局) and related industrial parks. It took less than a month from the initial contact between the two parties to reaching a cooperation intention.
Xu Peiqi (徐培麒), the founder of Zikangjia Company, introduced that the company is based in the Putuo (普陀) R&D center, integrates the supply chain along the Shanghai-Nanjing Industrial Innovation Belt, and cooperates with manufacturing resources in Changzhou (常州), Nantong (南通) and other places to reduce production costs. With the incubation support of Putuo District (普陀区), Zikangjia Company has moved from the laboratory to the market, and its business has gradually covered the Yangtze River Delta region.
The cooperation between Nantong City (南通市) and Putuo District (普陀区), from cadre exchanges to industrial docking, regional collaboration is moving from simple resource aggregation to deep integration. Putuo District (普陀区) is cultivating an innovation ecosystem together with cities along the Shanghai-Nanjing line by building collaborative innovation platforms, sorting out resource demand lists, and promoting industrial chain complementarity. Cadres from Nantong (南通) went deep into the front lines of science and technology innovation and industrial innovation in Putuo District (普陀区), integrating supply and demand resources, and opening up supply and demand networks to achieve two-way empowerment. Miao Zhijun (缪志军) said with deep feeling: "We will continue to serve as a bridge and link for cross-regional cooperation, and act as a liaison for resource docking and a promoter of project cooperation." Nantong City (南通市) and Putuo District (普陀区) are promoting the implementation of the "Science and Technology Innovation Feidi" project, which will open up the channel between Shanghai's (上海) R&D resources and Nantong's (南通) manufacturing capabilities, and further deepen regional innovation linkage.
Return to TopLayout Design: Wang Zhepeng (汪哲平)
Return to TopFounded in 1950, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) has embedded "Promoting Virtue and Clarifying Aspirations, Learning Extensively and Practicing Earnestly" into its DNA from the very beginning. Since its establishment, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) has always resonated with the times, growing from a normal school that initially sowed the seeds of education to a comprehensive normal university with complete disciplines, strong faculty, and distinctive characteristics. It ranks among the top normal universities in the country and has become a shining pearl on the educational landscape of Shandong (山东) and even the whole country.
Talent Cultivation: Nurturing Talents on the Three-Foot Platform, Shining on the Education Field with Utmost Devotion
"Talents have different levels, and understanding things comes from learning." Since its establishment, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) has regarded talent cultivation as the foundation of its establishment. In the course of running the school, the university has built a complete training system from bachelor's to doctoral degrees.
In 1952, educator Zhang Yi (章益) came to Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) and devoted himself to promoting the development of pedagogy and psychology for 35 years, initiating the establishment of the Shandong Psychological Society (山东心理学会). In 1954, Professor Tian Zhongji (田仲济) of the Chinese Department became one of the first graduate student supervisors in New China and began enrolling graduate students the following year. The history of countless predecessors' struggles has laid a solid foundation for Shandong Normal University's (山东师范大学) education cause.
Since the new era, the school's talent training system has become more and more perfect. As a university with two complete training systems, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) adheres to the characteristics of teacher education and has built a comprehensive education system covering basic education, higher education, and continuing education, as well as an integrated education theory talent training system from bachelor's to postdoctoral research in education. The school has built 40 national-level first-class undergraduate major construction sites and 42 national-level first-class undergraduate courses, formed 2 "National Huang Danian-style Teacher Teams in Universities," and 86 people have been selected into national-level talent projects. Young teachers have won first prizes in national teaching competitions for four consecutive years. Relying on the "New Normal School" training platform, the school promotes the deep integration of general education, professional education, teacher education, and digital education, and builds an integrated teacher education system that runs through bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees, providing a solid support for high-quality talent training.
Since its establishment, nearly 700,000 graduates have walked out of here. Among them are scientists, artists, politicians, and entrepreneurs, as well as a large number of outstanding people's teachers and education administrators, who have interpreted the Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) campus spirit of "Respecting the Worthy and Valuing Merit, Striving for Progress."
Scientific Research and Innovation: Overcoming Difficulties to Climb Peaks, Applying Knowledge to Benefit People's Livelihoods
"How can the canal be so clear? Because there is a source of living water." Scientific research and innovation are the driving force for the development of universities. Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) people have always climbed academic peaks with the courage to "dare to be the first in the world."
In 1952, the three departments of physics, chemistry, and biology of the former Qilu University (齐鲁大学) were integrated into the school as a whole, injecting strong impetus into the school's innovative development. Today, the pace of revitalizing the school through scientific research is becoming more and more firm: in 2014, it became a university jointly built by the People's Government of Shandong Province (山东省人民政府) and the Ministry of Education (教育部); in 2018, it became the first provincial university to win the second prize of the National Natural Science Award (国家自然科学奖) as the "first completion unit"; in 2019, the School of Marxism (马克思主义学院) was selected into the third batch of national key Marxism colleges; in 2020, it entered the ranks of high-level universities in Shandong Province (山东省) to "strive for first-class" construction; in 2022, it entered the A level in the fifth round of national discipline evaluation; in 2023, 3 disciplines were selected into the "811" project of first-class discipline construction in Shandong Province (山东省), ranking first among provincial universities; in 2024, it won the highest national award in the field of humanities and social sciences - the first prize of the ninth Higher Education Scientific Research Outstanding Achievement Award, demonstrating the leap in scientific research strength with outstanding achievements.
The school vigorously promotes organized scientific research, focusing on the construction of disciplines and degree programs. It currently has 13 postdoctoral research stations, 16 first-level disciplines authorized to grant doctoral degrees, 4 professional doctoral degree authorization points, 31 first-level disciplines authorized to grant master's degrees, and 24 professional master's degree authorization categories (fields). 12 disciplines have entered the top 1% of ESI rankings. Facing the major national strategic needs and scientific frontiers, the school plans to build 120 scientific research and innovation team projects, and has approved 2,620 vertical projects (including 15 key science and technology projects). As the first unit, it has won 333 national, provincial, and ministerial-level science and technology awards, and 4 kinds of publications have been selected into the CSSCI database.
Serving the Society: Rooted in Shandong and Undertaking Missions, Radiating Across the Country and Showing Responsibility
From the transistors carried by "Dongfanghong-1" (东方红一号) in the 1970s to the first satellite live broadcast receiving system in the 1980s, the teachers and students of Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) have always written their papers on the land of the motherland. The school is deeply integrated into and serves the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. The Dongying Research Institute (东营研究院), the Yellow River Halophyte Research Institute (黄河盐生植物研究院), and the Carbon Neutrality Research Institute (碳中和研究院) and other platforms have been established to provide technical support for saline-alkali land utilization and green and low-carbon development.
The school attaches importance to cooperation between universities and enterprises and the integration of universities and localities, and has established close cooperative relationships with more than 20 cities and 40 leading enterprises, and signed more than 100 kinds of agreements. In the field of education services, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) Basic Education Group has held, co-organized, and supported more than 110 cooperative schools (kindergartens), covering 12 cities in Shandong Province (山东省), radiating to Guangdong (广东), Yunnan (云南), Xinjiang (新疆) and other places, benefiting more than 150,000 students, and has become a well-known basic education brand in the country.
As a key provincial university, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) has always resonated with the land of Qilu (齐鲁大地), striving to practice the university function of "serving the society," deeply rooting the social service system in the soil of people's livelihood, and interpreting responsibility with practical work.
Cultural Inheritance: Qilu Culture Nourishes the Campus, Uninterrupted Music Continues the Splendid Chapter
Cultural prosperity leads to national prosperity, and cultural strength leads to national strength. Rooted in the fertile soil of Qilu culture, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) actively acts as a practitioner of cultural inheritance and innovation. From An Zuozhang's (安作璋) "General History of Shandong" (《山东通史》), Zhang Shuzheng's (张述铮) "General Examination of Chinese Museum Objects" (《中华博物通考》), to Kong Fu's (孔孚) landscape poetry and Zhang Heyun's (张鹤云) flower and bird paintings, cultural genes have been passed down from generation to generation here.
As an academic center of Qilu culture, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) has established the Qilu Culture and Chinese Civilization Research Center, relying on the School of Marxism (马克思主义学院) of Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) and the Qilu Culture Research Institute (齐鲁文化研究院), the only key research base for humanities and social sciences of the Ministry of Education (教育部) in Shandong Province (山东省), to build a "pyramid-shaped" innovation platform system with "national-level bases leading, provincial and ministerial-level platforms as the main body, and school-level platforms as the foundation." The school has compiled works such as "A General View of Yellow River Culture" (《黄河文化通览》) and "An Overview of Qilu Culture" (《齐鲁文化要览》) to consolidate the foundation for cultural research and dissemination. Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan," 25 national-level social science major projects have been approved, and it has been rated as a demonstration project of the Ministry of Education (教育部) for "Saluting Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture," the first batch of Shandong Province (山东省) demonstration schools for the inheritance of Chinese excellent traditional culture, and a pilot construction unit for "Three-All Education" and all-environment moral education, and was selected into the first list of national civilized campuses in 2017.
Today, statues of predecessors such as Tian Peizhi (田珮之) and Yu Xiu (余修) stand quietly on the campus, conveying the campus spirit of "Respecting the Worthy and Valuing Merit, Striving for Progress." The upgraded exhibition hall of school achievements has become the first classroom for new student enrollment education. The "Spring of Shandong Normal University" cultural activity has been held for 34 consecutive sessions, and "Purple Leaf Plum Blossom" has become a cultural symbol that permeates the hearts of teachers and students.
International Exchange: Opening Schools to Attract Talents, Working Together to Seek Development
"A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near." Openness is the background color of universities. Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) has always built a bridge connecting the world with an inclusive attitude. In 1983, the school began to receive foreign students, promoting cultural communication through Chinese language teaching. Today, the school's "circle of friends" continues to expand, and the level of international education is constantly improving. There are nearly a thousand international students from more than 70 countries and regions, and 20 majors offer English instruction.
Facing the world is a clear pattern that Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) has always adhered to in its development process. The school adheres to the international development strategy, establishes friendly relations with more than 180 universities in 38 countries and regions, and builds a global cooperation network. It carries out more than 100 student international joint training projects, realizing full-chain coverage from credit projects to bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and postdoctoral research. It has been approved to establish 8 Confucius Institutes, ranking among the top provincial universities in terms of quantity, and has been rated as a national "Advanced Chinese Cooperation Institution for Confucius Institutes." It has jointly established the Herzen International Academy of Arts with the Russian National Pedagogical University, filling the gap in Sino-foreign cooperative education institutions in the field of art in Shandong Province (山东省).
At the foot of Thousand Buddha Mountain (千佛山麓), green shadows accompany great ambitions, and music passes on the torch; on the shore of Changqing Lake (长清湖畔), blue waves reflect the morning sun, and peach and plum trees shine on the education field. Looking to the future, Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学) will stride forward towards the goal of "accelerating the construction of an internationally renowned first-class normal university" with firm cultural confidence and a sense of responsibility for the times, and write a more brilliant "Shandong Normal University Chapter" in the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country.
Data source: Shandong Normal University (山东师范大学)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 刘 歌 李 强 翁宇菲
Beautiful Hangzhou (杭州) in late autumn, with its clear mountains and beautiful waters. From October 25th to 27th, more than 180 people from all walks of life from 28 states in the United States, together with representatives from 26 provinces and cities in China, gathered to participate in the 7th China-U.S. City Friendship Conference. This year's China-U.S. City Friendship Conference was co-sponsored by the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries (中国人民对外友好协会) and the People's Government of Zhejiang Province (浙江省人民政府), with the theme of "Closer Cooperation, Sustainable Future."
By the West Lake (西子湖畔), the natural beauty and cultural landscape made American friends linger. "The scenery is so beautiful, can you help me take a picture?" Michael McQuary, chairman of the San Diego International Sister Cities Association of California (加利福尼亚州圣迭戈国际姐妹城市协会), asked the reporter, holding up his mobile phone. McQuary had heard before that Hangzhou (杭州) is a beautiful and culturally famous city. "After this on-site visit, I found that it is more beautiful than I imagined. I am also more convinced that the American people should come to China more and observe the real China with their own eyes."
Before arriving in Hangzhou (杭州), Oregon (俄勒冈州) Senate President Wagner visited Guangdong (广东), Fujian (福建), Tianjin (天津), Beijing (北京), Shaanxi (陕西), Sichuan (四川) and other places. He said that Oregon (俄勒冈州) has a long history and a solid foundation of exchanges with many places in China. The Oregon (俄勒冈州) State Legislature has passed a bill to continue strengthening friendly exchanges and cooperation with various provinces and cities in China. Edward Martinez, Mayor of Richmond, California (加利福尼亚州里士满市), visited many places in Beijing (北京) by subway this time, all of which left him with good impressions. In his opinion, the sister city relationship is a valuable mechanism for strengthening people-to-people exchanges between the United States and China, and face-to-face exchanges between people from different places are the best way to understand each other.
Marc Elrich, County Executive of Montgomery County, Maryland (马里兰州蒙哥马利县), has visited China many times. This time, he led a delegation of six people to China, which is one of the largest U.S. city delegations to visit. He pays special attention to the development of China's technological innovation field and looks forward to exploring more economic and trade cooperation opportunities. In May last year, Montgomery County (蒙哥马利县) signed an economic cooperation agreement with its sister city Xi'an (西安). "We are proud to deepen our partnership with Xi'an (西安). Establishing sister cities deepens the friendship between cities and creates mutually beneficial and win-win economic and trade opportunities." Elrich said that friendly exchanges between U.S. and Chinese cities promote cultural and educational exchanges between the two sides, and also build a platform for cooperation between companies and institutions on both sides, "helping the local cooperation between the U.S. and China to prosper and develop."
"China has undergone tremendous changes in the past few decades. The world is so big, but so small, just like today, local friends from the United States and China can meet in Hangzhou (杭州)," said Natalie Mihalek, a member of the Pennsylvania (宾夕法尼亚州) House of Representatives. Rodrigo Rios, a member of the Merced County Board of Education (加利福尼亚州默塞德县教育委员会) and former county supervisor in California (加利福尼亚州), said that he brought his son to China for a visit a few years ago, which was very helpful for broadening his horizons. In Rios' view, increasing the understanding of the younger generation in the United States about China, especially understanding the changes that China has brought to the world in the field of technological innovation, will help the younger generation better understand the world.
During the conference, the participating guests visited the Hangzhou Future Science and Technology City (杭州未来科技城), museums and technology companies to learn about the history of technological development and technological innovation achievements in Hangzhou (杭州). In the Zhejiang Provincial Intangible Cultural Heritage Museum (浙江省非物质文化遗产馆), Kunqu Opera, Luban Locks, woodblock prints and other unique Chinese traditional cultures and skills attracted exclamations from American friends. Kristen Looney, a doctoral student at Georgetown University (美国乔治城大学), said: "I came to China to visit and understand the real China, and I will tell my classmates about the real development of China when I go back. I will continue to pay attention to and understand China, and I hope to have the opportunity to visit the countryside and further understand China's rural revitalization construction."
The key to sound relations between states lies in the affinity between their people, and the key to affinity between people lies in mutual understanding. The participating guests believed that the China-U.S. City Friendship Conference has played a positive role in deepening friendly exchanges between the two peoples and promoting mutual understanding. "Sincere communication and dialogue is what people want," McQuary said, adding that efficient and effective communication is essential to promoting the development of U.S.-China relations.
Return to TopIn today's world, where unilateralism and protectionism are surging, how can we inject more certainty into regional and even global development? China and ASEAN have jointly provided a strong answer. On October 28th, local time, China and ASEAN signed the upgraded Protocol of the Free Trade Area (FTA) 3.0 in Kuala Lumpur (吉隆坡), the capital of Malaysia (马来西亚). This is not only another milestone in the open cooperation between the two sides, but also injects strong impetus into building an open world economy at a critical moment.
The signing of the Protocol is a landmark achievement in implementing the important consensus reached by President Xi Jinping (习近平) and ASEAN leaders at the Commemorative Summit marking the 30th anniversary of the establishment of dialogue relations between China and ASEAN. It is also an important measure to implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee on expanding high-level opening-up and creating a new situation of win-win cooperation. The joint upgrade of cooperation between the world's second-largest economy and the fifth-largest economy is not only a superposition of numbers, but also a convergence of ideas. Since its comprehensive completion in 2010, the China-ASEAN FTA has always kept pace with the times and continued to upgrade and iterate in the process of accelerating regional integration: from focusing on tariff reduction in goods trade to expanding the market for trade in services, and then to aiming at rules and standards to promote integration. The constantly expanding areas of opening-up and the continuously improving level of opening-up clearly outline the development context of the deepening economic and trade cooperation between China and ASEAN, fully reflecting the strategic vision of both sides in looking to the future and adapting to the general trend.
Building the China-ASEAN FTA 3.0 is an effective way to jointly build a super-large market and a community with a shared future. Being each other's largest trading partner for five consecutive years, with a total trade value of nearly $1 trillion in 2024, and cumulative two-way investment exceeding $450 billion as of July this year, strong economic and trade cooperation provides an inexhaustible driving force for promoting the building of a closer China-ASEAN community with a shared future. In the process of building the China-ASEAN FTA 3.0, the two sides will jointly promote the development of emerging industries such as digital and green industries, while strengthening the alignment of standards and regulations, promoting infrastructure and supply chain connectivity, and promoting the regional economy towards deeper integration and long-term stable growth. "The terms of the agreement are very attractive to enterprises" and "It is conducive to building a stronger and more resilient supply chain"... The eager expectations of the business communities of both sides fully confirm that the FTA upgrade will accelerate the release of the potential of China-ASEAN cooperation.
The upgrade of the China-ASEAN FTA 3.0 fully reflects the solemn commitment of both sides to jointly support multilateralism and free trade. Against the international backdrop of intensified geopolitical games and rampant protectionism, China and ASEAN are responding to the uncertainty that permeates the turbulent world with the certainty of mutually beneficial cooperation. The firm determination of both sides to jointly build an open, inclusive, and rules-based regional integrated market and a mutually beneficial, win-win, and resilient regional industrial supply chain system will create abundant market and industrial cooperation opportunities for enterprises in both sides and countries around the world, inject strong confidence and impetus into regional and even global economic growth, and have important demonstration significance for countries to jointly cope with international economic and trade challenges.
Adhering to opening-up and cooperation and mutual benefit and win-win results is an inevitable requirement of Chinese-style modernization. As of the beginning of 2025, China has signed 23 free trade agreements with 30 countries and regions. As China actively expands its independent opening-up, promotes trade innovation and development, expands the space for two-way investment cooperation, and joins hands with its partners to build the "Belt and Road" with high quality, the space for China to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results with all parties will continue to expand. Looking to the future, China, which adheres to opening-up and cooperation and mutual benefit and win-win results, will continue to be the "stabilizing anchor" and "power source" of the world economy.
Economic globalization is an irreversible historical trend. China will continue to work with all parties to adhere to the right path of multilateralism and open cooperation, adhere to sharing opportunities and achieving win-win results in opening-up, promote inclusive economic globalization, promote the building of an open world economy, and jointly create a better future for mankind.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 罗珊珊
The 8th China International Import Expo (CIIE) will be held in Shanghai (上海) from November 5th to 10th, with the participation of 155 countries, regions, and international organizations, and 4,108 overseas companies exhibiting. The overall exhibition area will exceed 430,000 square meters, setting a new record in scale. Facing profound changes in the global landscape, this year's CIIE will inject more certainty into the world with practical actions. On October 28th, the State Council Information Office (国新办) held a press conference to introduce the relevant preparations.
Sheng Qiuping (盛秋平), Vice Minister of Commerce, stated that China has remained the world's second-largest import market for 16 consecutive years, and the import of goods and services will exceed $15 trillion during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. The previous seven CIIEs have accumulated intended transactions exceeding $500 billion, helping companies from various countries jointly cope with international market fluctuations and share the opportunities of China's super-large market.
According to reports, this year's CIIE will present four characteristics:
Adhering to the underlying tone of opening up to the outside world. The Ministry of Commerce will innovatively create the "Sharing a Large Market · Exporting to China" brand and hold the launch ceremony of the "Exporting to China" series of activities. The China Pavilion will showcase China's latest achievements in comprehensively deepening reforms and promoting high-level opening up during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. The Hongqiao International Economic Forum will release the "World Openness Report 2025" and the latest World Openness Index.
Promoting the sharing of innovative achievements. This year's CIIE will showcase 461 new products, new technologies, and new services. It will showcase future industries such as the low-altitude economy and humanoid robots. It will introduce new themes such as the silver economy, ice and snow economy, sports economy, and automotive tourism, and introduce new platforms such as digital consumption and health consumption to help expand the consumption of goods and services and develop new types of consumption.
Actively promoting practical cooperation among all parties. This year, the number of participating companies has increased by more than 600 from 3,496 last year. There are 290 Fortune Global 500 companies and leading companies in the industry participating in the exhibition. Both the exhibition area and the total number of companies have reached record highs. 43 trading delegations and more than 700 trading sub-delegations have been formed to negotiate and purchase. The registration of professional visitors has reached 449,500.
Balancing China's needs and the world's expectations. A total of companies from 123 countries participating in the "Belt and Road" initiative are participating in the exhibition, an increase of 23.1% year-on-year. There are 163 companies from the least developed countries, an increase of 23.5% year-on-year. The Africa product zone has been expanded, and the number of African companies participating in the exhibition has increased by 80% year-on-year. The Hongqiao International Economic Forum will for the first time focus on discussions around "Enhancing the Economic Resilience of the Global South" and "Sustainable Agricultural Development of the Global South."
Hua Yuan (华源), Standing Committee Member of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and Secretary-General of the Municipal Party Committee, introduced that Shanghai (上海) will further optimize the convenience services for exhibitors. For example, customs will introduce 18 measures to facilitate the customs clearance of exhibits; border inspection agencies will introduce 8 measures such as immediate processing of temporary entry permits; public security departments will introduce 20 convenience measures such as optimizing certificate registration management; and market supervision departments will implement a series of support policies such as 3C certification exemption.
Return to TopDuring the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (黔南布依族苗族自治州), Guizhou Province, has kept its mandate firmly in mind, moved forward with gratitude, unswervingly promoted high-quality development, and achieved historic achievements and undergone historic changes in economic and social development, laying a solid foundation for moving towards the "15th Five-Year Plan."
Innovation Leads, Transformation and Upgrading
Efforts to Write a New Chapter in High-Quality Development
Qiannan Prefecture is promoting economic and social development to a new level with the fighting spirit of "**开局就是决战、起步就要冲刺**" (kāi jú jiù shì jué zhàn, qǐ bù jiù yào chōng cì - "the start is the final battle, the first step is a sprint," to start with full force and determination).
Comprehensive strength has achieved a new leap. In the past four years, the added value of Qiannan Prefecture's digital economy has increased from 59.91 billion yuan in 2021 to 77.64 billion yuan in 2024, accounting for 39.9% of the region's GDP, with an average annual growth rate of 9%. In 2025, the region's GDP is expected to exceed 200 billion yuan.
Industrial development has built a new system. Qiannan Prefecture is closely focusing on "Four News" and focusing on "Four Modernizations" to accelerate the construction of a characteristic modern industrial system. In terms of industry, the two leading industries of modern chemical industry and new energy battery materials provide strong support. In 2024, the total output value accounted for 48.7% of the region's GDP, and it is estimated that the proportion will exceed 50% in 2025; the three pillar industries of modern energy, new building materials, and ecological and characteristic food are growing steadily, and the characteristic industries such as equipment manufacturing and health medicine are becoming more active. In terms of agriculture, the construction of high-standard farmland has achieved remarkable results, and the planting area and output of grain have remained stable; the six leading industries have improved in quality and efficiency, and the brand value of Duyun Maojian (都匀毛尖) has reached 5.223 billion yuan, ranking firmly in the first echelon of green tea in the country; the scale, output, and output value of characteristic industries such as vegetables, fruits, and Chinese medicinal materials have grown steadily. In terms of tourism, more than 80 million tourists were received in 2024, and the number of inbound tourists increased by 288%, achieving a historic breakthrough.
Development momentum has been newly enhanced. Qiannan Prefecture continues to optimize the business environment, explore the construction of a positive and negative list of pro-clean government-business relations, and promote the integrated reform of government services. Investment promotion has increased in both quantity and quality. Since 2021, a total of 2,130 projects have been introduced, with a contract investment of 349.14 billion yuan, 36 Fortune 500 companies have been introduced, with 92 investment projects, and 64 projects with a single investment of more than 1 billion yuan have been introduced. Scientific and technological innovation is bursting with vitality. Sixteen national-level and 102 provincial-level scientific and technological innovation platforms, such as the Qiannan Prefecture Phosphochemical and New Energy Storage Materials Industry Technology Advanced Research Institute (黔南州磷化工及新型储能材料产业技术高等研究院), have been established; there are 140 high-tech enterprises, and 11 people have been selected into the "Thousand Level" talent of high-level innovative talents in Guizhou Province, and the industrial innovation capability has been continuously improved.
Ecological Priority, People's Livelihood First
Strive to Build a Model Prefecture for Forging a Strong Sense of Community for the Chinese Nation
Qiannan Prefecture always adheres to the "model" standard and strives to take the lead and set an example in ecological civilization construction, improving people's livelihood and well-being, and social governance.
Set an example in ecological civilization construction. Qiannan Prefecture unswervingly follows the path of ecological priority and green development, and has delineated an ecological protection red line area of 7201.22 square kilometers. Improve the ecological environment protection system, implement watershed ecological compensation, innovate the "Forest Chief System + Big Data + Village Rules and Regulations" model, and continue to promote pilot projects such as forestry carbon tickets.
Set an example in improving people's livelihood and well-being. Qiannan Prefecture has thoroughly implemented the employment-first policy and created an "Innovation Incubation Base for College Graduates." The basic universalization of fifteen-year education and the basic balance of compulsory education have been achieved two years ahead of schedule, and provincial-level demonstration high schools and demonstration kindergartens have achieved "full coverage of counties." The ability of medical and health services has been greatly improved, and the county-level consultation rate has increased to 92.82%.
Set an example in social governance. Qiannan Prefecture has successfully created a national demonstration prefecture for the construction of a rule-of-law government, and the public's sense of security and satisfaction continue to rank among the top in the province. Innovative implementation of the implementation opinions on party building leading grassroots governance, and the effectiveness of grassroots governance has been comprehensively improved. Introduced a dynamic monitoring and normalized assistance mechanism for low-income people. Follow-up support for relocation for poverty alleviation, the construction of the "five systems," and comprehensive improvement of the rural environment have been steadily promoted.
Location Empowerment, Agglomeration of Elements
Focus on Building a New Important Growth Pole for High-Quality Development in Guizhou
Qiannan Prefecture gives full play to its advantages in location, resources, and industrial base, and strives to contribute stronger strength to the overall development of the province.
Create a growth pole for industrial agglomeration. Qiannan Prefecture deepens the reform of the park management mechanism and builds a ladder-type development pattern led by "three districts and four counties." Take a new path around "rich mine refined development," solidly promote provincial pilot projects, and improve the mineral resource management mechanism. Focusing on "phosphorus-based new energy materials, fine phosphochemicals, and comprehensive utilization of associated resources," a "2+3+N" industrial system has been initially constructed. The contribution rate of industry to the growth of the region's GDP has steadily increased, the number of industrial enterprises above designated size has reached 783, and new economic growth points are accelerating.
Create a growth pole for open cooperation. Qiannan Prefecture gives full play to its location advantages and actively integrates into regional development. Deepen east-west cooperation, attract the transfer of industries from the eastern coastal areas. Since 2021, a total of 304 enterprises have been introduced through the east-west cooperation mechanism, with an actual investment of 13.9459 billion yuan. Deepen cooperation with Huzhou (湖州), Zhejiang (浙江), Hechi (河池), Guangxi (广西) and other places to promote the two-way flow of technology, capital, and market elements, and empower new energy battery materials, characteristic light industry and other industries.
Create a growth pole for the hub economy. Qiannan Prefecture gives full play to its leading transportation location advantages in the province and the important node advantages of the western land-sea new channel, and builds a "one core and two districts" logistics hub pattern, with the Wengan-Fuquan (瓮安—福泉) bulk industrial product logistics distribution center as the center, and the Duyun (都匀) commercial and trade logistics park and the Longli (龙里) express logistics park as the two wings, radiating and driving the entire region. Cultivate Guizhou Anjie Fengmao (贵州安捷丰茂) and Fengmao Logistics (丰茂物流), two leading enterprises with a value of 100 million yuan, to drive the development of the industry.
Standing at a new historical starting point, Qiannan Prefecture will closely focus on the mission of "striving to write a new chapter in the high-quality development and modernization of ethnic regions, building a model prefecture for forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, and creating a new important growth pole for high-quality development in Guizhou," and strive to move in the same direction, synchronize, and move forward with the high-quality development of the country and the province.
Data source: Publicity Department of the CPC Qiannan Prefecture Committee (中共黔南州委宣传部)
Return to TopThe 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CPC Central Committee deliberated and approved the "Suggestions of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development." The blueprint has been drawn, and the key lies in implementation. Our newspaper reporters went deep into the grassroots to interview party members and cadres, listening to their understanding and commitment based on their actual positions, from "how to view" to "how to do."
——Editor
Beijing Huairou Science City (北京怀柔科学城)——
"Don't Wait, Don't Delay, Get to Work"
Our reporter Li Jianguang (李建广)
"Accelerate high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement to lead the development of new quality productive forces." As soon as the communique of the plenary session was released, Lan Xiongjing (兰雄景), Deputy Director of the Administrative Committee of Beijing Huairou Science City (北京怀柔科学城管委会) and Deputy Head of Huairou District (怀柔区), studied it immediately, paying special attention to this important deployment in the communique. He said: "Scientific and technological innovation is a key variable in responding to international competition and the largest increment in promoting high-quality development. We have the 'big picture of the country' in mind, plan for the needs of national strategy, gather advanced scientific and technological facilities, strengthen original innovation capabilities, and are committed to building a world-class original innovation bearing area."
A few days ago, the reporter drove to the Beijing Huairou Comprehensive National Science Center (北京怀柔综合性国家科学中心). With green mountains as a screen and green water as a companion, buildings of scientific and technological facility platforms came into view. This is one of the areas with the highest density of major global scientific and technological infrastructure.
Walking into the Multimodal Cross-Scale Biomedical Imaging Facility building in the Science City, precise microscopes are visually depicting the trajectory of life's rhythms. "Relying on this major scientific device, systematic decoding of life processes can be achieved," said Sun Yujie (孙育杰), professor at the Peking University (北京大学) Future Technology College.
A beam of light sees into the nanoscale microscopic world, a "digital earth" simulates global wind and clouds, and extreme conditions decipher the "superpowers" of matter... In the past few years, 29 of the 37 scientific and technological facility platforms deployed by the Huairou Comprehensive National Science Center (怀柔综合性国家科学中心) have entered a state of scientific research, accumulating 430 scientific research results.
"Every breakthrough is hard-won." Behind Lan Xiongjing's (兰雄景) emotion is the sense of urgency of Huairou Science City (怀柔科学城) to **只争朝夕** (zhǐ zhēng zhāo xī - "seize every minute," to seize every minute and second). "Original innovation is a long and difficult road, full of unknowns. However, it is not okay not to innovate, and it is not okay to innovate slowly. We must not wait, not delay, and get to work."
How to escort this expedition full of unknowns? The answer of Huairou Science City (怀柔科学城) is: create a "rainforest ecology" that nourishes innovation and stimulates creation.
In order to fully support innovation, Huairou Science City (怀柔科学城) has formed 19 teams of science stewards. "Responsive to requests, undisturbed when not needed. Each scientific device has an 'exclusive steward' responsible for regular contact, demand docking, and efficient problem solving," introduced Zhu Xiaoxiao (朱晓枭), Deputy Director of the Achievement Transformation and Innovation Coordination Department of the Huairou Science City (怀柔科学城管委会) Administrative Committee.
At present, Huairou Science City (怀柔科学城) is accelerating the formation of an innovation chain of "basic research - technological breakthrough - industrial transformation - demonstration application," and has planned to build more than 10 characteristic industrial parks, introducing more than 300 science and technology service institutions. Many scientific instrument parts of the Multimodal Cross-Scale Biomedical Imaging Facility come from Duochang Low Temperature Technology (Beijing) Co., Ltd. (多场低温科技（北京）有限公司), which is not far away.
"Innovation depends on people. To support innovation and serve innovation, we must focus on talent," said Lan Xiongjing (兰雄景).
To allow scientists to concentrate on research and entrepreneurs to focus on development, the Party Working Committee of Huairou Science City (怀柔科学城党工委) continues to optimize talent services, releasing the "Yanqi Qingchuang Worry-Free Ten Measures" to provide "one-stop" services around residence, entrepreneurship, and social interaction, focusing on solving the worries of scientific researchers. At present, the Science City has gathered 26,000 scientific research talents.
Everything is for innovation, and everything serves innovation. "We will thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the plenary session, solidly promote the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent, continue to gather strategic scientific and technological forces, strengthen original innovation and key core technology research, accelerate the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and build an international first-class strategic science and technology integration development demonstration zone." Looking to the future, Lan Xiongjing (兰雄景) is full of confidence.
Shanghai Songjiang District (上海市松江区)——
"Be a Brave 'Bridge Builder' for Regional Coordinated Development"
Our reporter Wang Yinxin (王崟欣)
The plenary session proposed to optimize the regional economic layout and promote regional coordinated development.
"Regional coordinated development is very beneficial." Chen Chao (陈超), Deputy Director of the G60 Joint Office and Director of the Science and Technology Innovation Development Office of Shanghai Songjiang District (上海市松江区科创发展办), said with deep feeling, "Many development problems, such as incomplete industrial chains and difficulties in breaking through innovation bottlenecks, are difficult to solve by fighting alone. We build bridges and pave roads to create the G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor, which is to allow resources to flow, complement each other's advantages, and form a joint force for development."
G60 is a traffic artery with surging traffic, and even more a science and technology innovation corridor driving regional collaborative innovation. Today, this corridor is becoming a "fast lane" for the gathering, integration, and surging of science and technology innovation elements in the nine cities (districts) of the Yangtze River Delta.
Walking into the G60 Joint Office, Chen Chao (陈超) is having a heated discussion with the hanging cadres from the nine cities (districts) to prepare for the G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor High-Quality Development Element Docking Conference next month.
"The main job is two words - docking!" Chen Chao (陈超) said, "What are the needs of each city, what problems do companies have, everyone faces each other, touches each other, and the effect is multiplied." Seemingly simple words contain the simple philosophy of regional coordinated development.
"Regional coordinated development is not a simple physical superposition, but the realization of element circulation and precise docking through institutional innovation, which catalyzes the chemical reaction of high-quality development." Chen Chao (陈超) further introduced that in the G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor, this kind of docking has become the norm - the docking of technology needs and scientific research resources, the docking of industrial upgrading and innovation elements, and the docking of enterprise demands and policy support.
Baolong Huofu (Shanghai) Electronics Co., Ltd. (保隆霍富（上海）电子有限公司), located in Songjiang (松江), is a beneficiary of this "docking." This company encountered basic innovation bottlenecks in its intelligent transformation. Song Suwei (宋苏伟), leader of the Science and Technology Innovation Group of the G60 Joint Office and Deputy Director of the Science and Technology Innovation Development Office of Songjiang District (松江区科创发展办), ran to the site and sent policies: "The Yangtze River Delta has joint research projects of the science and technology innovation community, which can solve your problems!"
Subsequently, the Joint Office sent a special person to help Baolong Technology (保隆科技) with the declaration of the "Tire Health Intelligent Management" scientific research project. Soon, Hangzhou Dianzi University (杭州电子科技大学) and Yinjian Technology Co., Ltd. (银江技术股份有限公司) jointly unveiled the list, injecting innovation momentum into the company.
Today, Shanghai's cutting-edge research and development manufacturing capabilities, Hangzhou's (杭州) digital economy, Suzhou's (苏州) advanced manufacturing, Hefei's (合肥) basic research... the advantages of each city are intertwined and integrated on the G60 platform, producing a synergistic effect of "1+1>2." During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the average R&D investment intensity of the nine cities (districts) of G60 reached 3.77%, and the number of high-tech enterprises accounted for about 13.5% of the country.
"In the future, we must resolutely grasp the implementation of the spirit of the plenary session, further establish the awareness of 'a chess game,' bravely be a 'bridge builder' for regional coordinated development, promote the G60 Science and Technology Innovation Corridor to become wider and wider, and contribute more to the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta," said Chen Chao (陈超).
Qumalai County (曲麻莱县), Qinghai Province (青海省)——
"We Must Protect This Pure Land"
Our reporter Qiao Dong (乔栋)
52!
A few days ago, Sonam Wenqing (索南文青), the second captain of the Ecological Management Team of Mashiu Village (麻秀村) in Bagan Township (巴干乡), Qumalai County (曲麻莱县), Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (玉树藏族自治州), Qinghai Province (青海省), excitedly recorded the departure of the 52nd black-necked crane this year in his patrol log. "The black-necked cranes are about to migrate, and the environment of the Dequyuan Wetland (德曲源湿地) is getting better and better. This year, there are 24 more than last year!"
Qumalai (曲麻莱) is located in the source of the Yellow River, Yueguzongliequ (约古宗列曲), and is also an important part of the "Water Tower of China." In recent years, with the establishment of the Sanjiangyuan National Park (三江源国家公园), the "four beams and eight pillars" of ecological protection have been built one after another - from the promulgation of the "Sanjiangyuan National Park Regulations (Trial)" to the hierarchical management system of the Administration, the Management Committee, the Protection and Management Station, and even the village, the power of ecological protection reaches the grassroots level.
Green mountains and clear waters are golden mountains and silver mountains. The Party Central Committee has always attached great importance to ecological civilization construction. The plenary session proposed to accelerate the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development and build a beautiful China.
In Sonam Wenqing's (索南文青) view, ecological protection is not a multiple-choice question, but a compulsory question. "What we are protecting is not only the wetlands and crane groups in front of us, but also the purity of the 'Water Tower of China' and the ecological foundation of future generations. We must protect this pure land."
This commitment has long been transformed into the daily responsibility and action of party members and cadres. Not long ago, Zha Jiang (扎江), the duty ecological manager of Mashiu Village (麻秀村), found that the wings of a big buzzard were entangled by the barbed wire of the pasture fence during a routine patrol to the Dequyuan National Wetland Park (德曲源国家湿地公园). He carefully cut the barbed wire and carefully treated the wound of the big buzzard. Afterwards, he summoned ecological managers to comprehensively investigate the fences in the park and replace the sharp barbed wire with animal-friendly protective nets. "The life of a bird is also the life of ecology. The more we do, the safer they will be," said Zha Jiang (扎江).
With the restoration of biodiversity, the value of the ecological economy is gradually reflected. The science museum in Mashiu Village (麻秀村), two small exhibition rooms, has become an important window for tourists to understand Sanjiangyuan (三江源) and a new business card for the development of ecological tourism in Mashiu Village (麻秀村). More than 80 herders in Mashiu Village (麻秀村) have been rated as "green credit users" by financial institutions for their long-term participation in returning grazing land to grassland and wetland ecological management, which has solved the development dilemma that pastures, cattle and sheep cannot be mortgaged.
"Protecting the ecological environment is protecting productivity, and improving the ecological environment is developing productivity." Tan Sheng (谭晟), Deputy Governor of Yushu Prefecture (玉树州) and Secretary of the Qumalai County (曲麻莱县) Party Committee, said, "We will conscientiously implement the spirit of the plenary session, resolutely build a solid ecological security barrier, strive to enhance the driving force of green development, further combine grassroots governance and ecological protection, explore the grassroots path to realize ecological value, enrich the biodiversity of Sanjiangyuan (三江源), and make the mountains of the 'Water Tower of China' greener and the water sweeter."
Luliang County (陆良县), Yunnan Province (云南省)——
"Lead the Masses to Struggle Together and Get Rich Together"
Our reporter Yang Wenming (杨文明)
Leaving the county seat of Luliang (陆良), Yunnan (云南), the car winds up the mountain road, and when it reaches a place higher than the wind power station, it reaches Longjiashuitang Village (龙家水塘村) in Huoshui Township (活水乡). This village of more than a thousand people has been limited in its development due to its high and cold location. In recent years, the Party's good policies have been like spring breeze and rain, making this small mountain village full of vitality.
"Not letting a single household fall behind, not letting a single person return to poverty - this is the most basic responsibility of our party members and cadres." Hu Sizhong (胡四忠), Secretary of the General Party Branch and Director of the Village Committee of Longjiashuitang Village (龙家水塘村党总支), said firmly.
At the beginning of his tenure, Hu Sizhong (胡四忠) led the village committee to actively strive for industrial poverty alleviation funds to develop the breeding industry and drive the increase in income of households lifted out of poverty and monitored households. From negotiating payment methods with seedling farms to finalizing sales channels with egg merchants, he and the village cadres were so busy that their feet did not touch the ground. Today, the village collective breeding farm has a stable annual dividend, and households lifted out of poverty have an extra income through chicken farming.
Guarding a green mountain, how to turn green into gold? The village cadres took the lead in trying to plant Chinese medicinal materials, trying again and again, succeeding again and again, and finding a new way to get rich for the villagers.
Zhang Xuebin (张学斌), who used to be a poor household, is now a "local expert" in the village's Chinese medicinal material planting. The village regularly invites agricultural experts and science popularization volunteers to carry out "on-demand" technical training. As long as there is training, Zhang Xuebin (张学斌) must attend every session. He has successively tried to plant more than a dozen kinds of Chinese medicinal materials, and finally found that Dipsacus is the most suitable for local planting. With the use of the village's water lifting irrigation project, he decisively expanded the planting area to more than 40 acres, not only got rid of poverty, but also built a new house and bought a new car, and his life is getting better and better.
In the entire Luliang County (陆良县), with the development of characteristic industries such as grain and oil, vegetables, live pigs, dairy, and potatoes, since 2021, it has covered and driven 12,000 people who have been lifted out of poverty with industrial development conditions and willingness to continue to increase their income steadily.
In recent days, Wu Junhui (吴俊辉), the head of Huoshui Township (活水乡), has repeatedly read and studied the communique of the plenary session. "Accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, and solidly promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside" "Increase efforts to guarantee and improve people's livelihood, and solidly promote common prosperity for all people"... The lines are filled with a strong temperature of people's livelihood.
"Common prosperity is not a slogan, but a political responsibility that must be shouldered." Wu Junhui (吴俊辉) said, "Now it has become the norm for villagers to plant well and raise well. Next, we must continue to maintain the work style of being pragmatic and doing practical work, and take practical actions to ensure that the spirit of the plenary session takes root at the grassroots level, especially to firmly grasp the development opportunities, increase efforts to promote industrial agglomeration, extend the industrial chain, and work hard on selling well and selling at a good price, so that the majority of villagers can share the fruitful results brought about by development!"
Hu Sizhong (胡四忠) stood at the entrance of the village, the distant mountains were like ink paintings, and the future was promising: "The responsibility of cadres is to implement the Party's policies in the fields, and lead the masses to struggle together and get rich together - this is our original intention and mission."
Nanning Area (南宁片区) of Guangxi Free Trade Pilot Zone (广西自贸试验区)——
"Adhere to Promoting Reform and Development Through Opening Up"
Our reporter Zhu Jiaqi (祝佳祺)
In the artificial intelligence factory of the China-ASEAN National Artificial Intelligence Application Cooperation Center in the Nanning Area (南宁片区) of the Guangxi Free Trade Pilot Zone (广西自贸试验区), on the huge electronic screen, various data such as computing power resource indicators, model training progress, and minority language data processing volume are clearly visible.
Data elements are becoming a "new bridge" connecting ASEAN. During this year's China-ASEAN Expo, this "digital bridge" attracted delegations from 10 ASEAN countries and Sri Lanka, the United Kingdom, South Korea, Australia and other countries, and successfully signed 24 industrial cooperation projects.
The plenary session proposed to expand high-level opening up to the outside world and create a new situation of win-win cooperation. Tao Yang (陶阳), Deputy Director of the Nanning Municipal Data Bureau (南宁市数据局), said: "Opening up is a distinct symbol of contemporary China, and opening up to the outside world has always been an important driving force for promoting reform and development. We are located at the forefront of China-ASEAN opening up and cooperation. Adhering to promoting reform and development through opening up is our unshirkable responsibility of the times."
Wu Zhihui (伍志慧), Director of the Free Trade Innovation and Development Bureau of the Nanning Area (南宁片区管委会自贸创新发展局) Management Committee, noted that the plenary session clearly proposed to "steadily expand institutional opening up." She introduced that at present, among the reform pilot tasks assigned to the Guangxi Free Trade Pilot Zone (广西自贸试验区) by the state, all 91 items involving the Nanning Area (南宁片区) have been implemented, and efforts are being made to create a market-oriented, rule-of-law, and international business environment.
"In the past, cross-border e-commerce goods had to go through multiple business nodes from declaration to customs clearance, which took a long time. Now, through measures such as the 'single window' and 'no-unload supervision,' all procedures can be completed in 1 hour!" said a cross-border e-commerce company employee who had just completed customs clearance in the comprehensive bonded zone of the Nanning Area (南宁片区).
In order to solve the bottleneck of cross-border trade efficiency, party members and cadres of the Nanning Area (南宁片区管委会) Management Committee conducted more than 50 in-depth investigations of enterprises. "In response to problems such as 'cumbersome procedures for transit goods,' we carried out the 'Smart Pass' reform of cross-border trade multi-zone linkage, and established a 'senseless customs clearance model' between the Nanning Comprehensive Bonded Zone (南宁综保区) and Nanning Airport (南宁空港), which greatly improved the customs clearance efficiency of transit goods," said Jiang Ninghua (蒋宁华), Director of the Party and Government Office of the Nanning Area (南宁片区管委会党政办) Management Committee.
In recent years, the Nanning Area (南宁片区) has taken a series of measures in terms of investment promotion, enterprise service, and image enhancement, and innovatively built a dual-line service system of "online AI virtual grid member + offline full-time grid member," equipped with "caring stewards" for enterprises, and efficiently solved the problems they encounter in production and operation and cross-border cooperation.
Data witnesses the effectiveness of opening up: In the past 5 years, the cumulative import and export of the Nanning Area (南宁片区) has exceeded 290 billion yuan, the export of new energy vehicles and lithium batteries has increased significantly, the China-Vietnam train "departs and arrives on the same day," and the airport's cargo and mail throughput has exceeded 100,000 tons.
Looking towards the "15th Five-Year Plan," Hu Maosong (胡茂松), Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Nanning (南宁) Municipal Bureau of Commerce, said: "We must conscientiously study and implement the spirit of the Plenary Session, with a broader vision and a more pragmatic style, continue to optimize the trade structure, innovate business formats and models, cultivate high-quality projects, and smooth international channels, so as to promote higher-quality development with a higher level of openness, and demonstrate greater achievements in China-ASEAN cooperation."
By: 吴储岐
What can you read from the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" proposal? Is it a series of goals, or a list of tasks? In fact, it is like a mirror, reflecting the courage and wisdom of the decision-makers. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China deliberated and approved the "Proposal of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development." From this, we can feel the historical initiative and pragmatic responsibility of the communists in the new era, who take their mission upon their shoulders.
Bearing the mission on their shoulders is first and foremost written in the courage to "dare to bite the bullet." Facing the "stranglehold" problems in the field of science and technology, the plenary session proposed "strengthening original innovation and tackling key core technologies"; facing the balance between production and ecology, it proposed "enhancing the momentum of green development"; facing the urgent and difficult problems of the masses, it proposed "strengthening inclusive, basic, and guaranteed people's livelihood construction"... These precise and powerful deployments are vivid portrayals of bearing the mission on the shoulders, which are not only a development blueprint for the future, but also a declaration of the communists to face problems and solve difficulties.
Bearing the mission on their shoulders is reflected in the wisdom of "providing bridges and boats." It is not enough to have goals without feasible paths. A plan that truly embodies responsibility never avoids the issue of methodology. The plenary session not only deployed "what to do," but also guided us on "how to do it." Taking "accelerating high-level scientific and technological self-reliance" as an example, the plenary session proposed to "seize the historical opportunities of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation," which demonstrates a historical perspective and a long-term vision, which is strategic thinking. Taking "building a strong domestic market and accelerating the construction of a new development pattern" as another example, the plenary session made deployments for both consumption and investment, supply and demand, which is actually a reflection of the concept of systems. By carefully studying and understanding the spirit of the plenary session, we can also read a series of scientific methods contained therein, such as putting the people first and being problem-oriented, and we can find many toolkits for solving problems. On the new journey, we need to study deeply and thoroughly, grasp the laws of development, and enhance our practical ability to overcome difficulties.
Bearing the mission on their shoulders is also reflected in the historical patience of "achieving success does not necessarily require me." The charm of the Five-Year Plan lies in the fact that it not only focuses on the present, but also plans for the long term. The plenary session pointed out: "Realizing socialist modernization is a historical process of step-by-step progress and continuous development, which requires unremitting efforts and continuous struggle." "'The Fifteenth Five-Year Plan' period is a crucial period for laying the foundation and fully developing the basic realization of socialist modernization." We grasp it with a sense of historical depth. Each Five-Year Plan is like a relay race, anchoring the goal without relaxation, and running one stick after another. This long-term strategic focus and pragmatic tenacity are a clear annotation of the historical responsibility of the communists.
Studying and understanding the spirit of the plenary session in depth, we feel a heavy responsibility and a force that inspires us to move forward. By shouldering the responsibility and mission and transforming the spirit of responsibility into everyone's conscious action, we can overcome all difficulties and obstacles and turn the grand blueprint into a beautiful reality step by step.
Return to TopFrom Xiling Snow Mountain (西岭雪山) to Shunan Bamboo Sea (蜀南竹海), from Jianmen Shudao (剑门蜀道) to modern greenways, Sichuan (四川) is focusing on promoting the deep integration of culture and tourism, and making the cultural tourism industry bigger and stronger, so that "poetry and distant places" become the daily life of more people. Since the beginning of this year, Sichuan has stepped up its efforts to promote the protection of cultural heritage and the development of cultural and museum tourism, striving to truly build the cultural tourism industry into a pillar industry, a people's livelihood industry, and a happy industry, so that "using culture to shape tourism and using tourism to promote culture" becomes a key path to promote high-quality development. Today, a flowing picture of "Beautiful Tianfu (锦绣天府) and Comfortable Sichuan (安逸四川)" is slowly unfolding on the land of Bashu (巴蜀).
Taking Culture as the Foundation: A Long Cultural Heritage, Renewed and Born
Bashu culture is like Sichuan hot pot, embracing all rivers, and like authentic covered teacups, encompassing everything, and even more like wonderful Sichuan opera, "harmony of five voices." Today's Sichuan forms a dialogue between the ancient and the modern, and the traditional and the innovative continue to blend.
In recent years, Sichuan has deeply implemented the "Two Creations" annual action of Bashu culture, systematically promoted the protection and inheritance of ancient Shu civilization and the protection and inheritance of Ba culture, accelerated the construction of the Chuanyu Grotto Temple National Heritage Park (川渝石窟寺国家遗址公园), and completed the reform of the management system of world heritage sites such as Leshan Giant Buddha (乐山大佛) and Qingcheng Mountain-Dujiangyan (青城山—都江堰), so that cultural heritage can be inherited in protection and renewed in inheritance.
A series of new archaeological discoveries such as the Baodun Ancient City Site (宝墩古城遗址) and the Mengxi River Site (濛溪河遗址) have repeatedly attracted the world's attention to Sichuan - the mystery of ancient Shu, the romance of the Ba people, and the wisdom of Sichuan and Shu have become cultural symbols shared by the world.
In contemporary life, Sichuan's culture is no longer just history "displayed in showcases," but daily life "flowing in streets and alleys."
Intangible cultural heritage enters the streets, cultural and creative products enter the business districts, and traditional skills such as Sichuan opera, Shu embroidery, and bamboo weaving enter the daily life of the masses in a young posture; "Dongpo Travel - Chinese Cultural Relics Theme Tourism Route" (东坡行旅——中国文物主题游径) was selected as a national special recommendation case; the new hall of the Sanxingdui Museum (三星堆博物馆) and the night tour project of the Jinsha Site Museum (金沙遗址博物馆) are very popular; the documentary "Bashu Grottoes" (巴蜀石窟), the Sichuan opera "Dream Back to Dongpo" (梦回东坡), the dance poetry drama "Shudao" (蜀道), and the animated film "Nezha: The Devil Child Comes into the World" (哪吒之魔童闹海) and other excellent works have emerged one after another, allowing the ancient culture to bloom with new brilliance on the Bashu stage.
Sichuan's performing arts and sports event economy has also been revitalized. The 2025 China (Chengdu) Performing Arts Fair (2025中国（成都）演出交易会) was successfully held, and the "Implementation Rules for Incentive Awards and Subsidies for Performing Arts Activities in Sichuan Province in 2025" (四川省2025年演艺活动激励奖补实施细则) was introduced, making the layout of the province's performing arts market more balanced, presenting a new pattern of "improving the quality of professional performances, enhancing the atmosphere of mass performances, and improving the efficiency of cultural tourism integration."
Various "large-scale performances" drive comprehensive urban consumption and revitalize the cultural tourism resources around venues such as Chengdu Dong'an Lake Sports Park (成都东安湖体育公园) and Fenghuang Mountain Sports Park (凤凰山体育公园); Sichuan Symphony Orchestra's "Four Seasons Concert" (四季音乐会), "Tianfu People's Stage" (天府百姓大舞台) and other activities have entered the lives of the masses one after another; 21 cities (states) formed teams to participate in the "Sichuan Super League" (川超), integrating cultural tourism consumption, showcasing the cultural characteristics of various places in Sichuan and promoting regional exchanges.
Sichuan's various "stages" are becoming new windows to showcase the city's temperament and vivid footnotes to the deep integration of culture and tourism. In the 2025 funding projects of the National Arts Fund (General Project) (国家艺术基金（一般项目）2025年度资助项目), 37 projects in Sichuan were selected, ranking among the top in the country in terms of the number of projects approved.
The deeper the roots of culture, the more prosperous the flowers of cultural tourism. Sichuan is using "cultural confidence" to ignite "cultural tourism enthusiasm," allowing the millennium-old cultural heritage to flow to every corner of modern life, full of vitality and bursting with vitality.
Taking Tourism as the Body: Mountains and Rivers Reflect Each Other, Fireworks Enter the Painting
In recent years, Sichuan has continued to polish the cultural tourism brand of "Beautiful Tianfu and Comfortable Sichuan" (锦绣天府·安逸四川), promote the deep integration of culture and tourism, and make the mountains and rivers more spiritual, the cities more warm, and the countryside more poetic.
From snow-capped mountains and grasslands to bamboo forest homes, from ancient town night tours to urban greenways, from "Sichuan opera + coffee" to "intangible cultural heritage + homestays," Sichuan is using all-area tourism as a starting point to make the life scene of "scenery everywhere, experience at all times" a reality.
In Chengdu (成都), the blue tiles and gray walls of Kuanzhai Alley (宽窄巷子) reflect the fluttering water sleeves; in Leshan (乐山), the light and shadow night tour of Jiazhou Ancient City (嘉州古城) makes the millennium-old stone carvings come to life; on the banks of the Yangtze River in Yibin (宜宾), the ancient streets of Luzhou (泸州), and the night markets of Mianyang (绵阳), music festivals, food festivals, and cultural and creative markets are staged in turn, and the cultural texture of the city is reawakened in the atmosphere of fireworks.
Rural tourism is equally wonderful - the pastoral camping, rice field coffee, and handicraft workshops in Mingyue Village (明月村), Pujiang County (蒲江县), Chengdu, complement each other; the homestay clusters in Heilongtan Scenic Area (黑龙滩景区), Meishan (眉山), are intertwined with the lake and mountain scenery; in the snow-capped mountain pastures of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture (阿坝藏族羌族自治州) and Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (甘孜藏族自治州), the smoke from farmers' cooking stoves and the laughter of tourists blend together.
Festival activities have become a new window for the integration of culture and tourism in Sichuan. The 14th China Arts Festival (第十四届中国艺术节), the 9th China Chengdu International Intangible Cultural Heritage Festival (第九届中国成都国际非物质文化遗产节), the Golden Panda Awards (金熊猫盛典), the "Comfortable Sichuan, Play Tianfu" Cultural Tourism Consumption Season ("安逸四川 玩转天府"文旅消费季), the "Follow the Games to Tour Sichuan" Sports Carnival ("跟着赛事游四川"体育嘉年华), and the "Four Seasons Tour of Sichuan" theme promotion activities ("一年四季游四川"主题推广活动) are staged in turn, using culture to shape tourism and using tourism to promote culture, turning festivals into grand events and expanding the market through holidays.
In the first half of 2025, Sichuan held more than 3,000 cultural tourism activities, with more than 40 million viewers, driving cultural tourism consumption of more than 100 billion yuan. The "traffic" of festivals is constantly being transformed into "retention," and the heat of culture is becoming the heat of consumption.
Today's Sichuan, tourism is no longer "skimming the surface," but "entering the scene"; no longer "holiday limited," but "comfortable at all times." One immersive and experiential new business format makes "Beautiful Tianfu and Comfortable Sichuan" knowable, perceptible, and accessible.
Taking Industry as the Wing: Integrated Development, Gold on the Chain
The integration of culture and tourism is not only a cultural feast, but also a new industrial chain. The prosperity of the industry has also brought Sichuan's cultural tourism into a new stage of "strengthening the chain and improving quality."
Sichuan has clearly proposed the goal of "building a strong cultural province and a strong tourism province, and building a world-important tourism destination," deepening "cultural tourism + hundreds of industries" and "hundreds of industries + cultural tourism," so that culture and tourism become an important support for high-quality development.
A series of perceptible, feasible, and people-benefiting policies have been frequently introduced, and "Several Policies on Supporting the Deep Integration and Development of Culture and Tourism to Make the Cultural Tourism Industry Bigger and Stronger" (关于支持文化和旅游深度融合发展做大做强文化旅游业的若干政策), "Sichuan Province Cultural and Tourism Industry Chain Special Work Plan" (四川省文化和旅游产业链专项工作方案) and other policies have been introduced one after another, using policies to leverage the market and using innovation to drive development.
The power of the cultural tourism industry is gathering into a "chain." In the first half of this year, the assets of cultural enterprises above designated size in the province exceeded one trillion yuan for the first time, with operating income of 279.07 billion yuan, an increase of 8.2% year-on-year, and the number of cultural tourism enterprises above designated size reached 18,300. The cultural tourism industry chain is constantly extending, and formats such as film and television, digital cultural creation, performing arts, health care, and exhibitions are developing synergistically.
At present, the construction of 515 key cultural tourism projects is accelerating, with actual completed investment exceeding 50 billion yuan. The construction of Tianfu Performing Arts Group's (天府演艺集团) theater chain is accelerating, the Dong'an Lake Grand Theater (东安湖大剧院) has been put into operation, and projects such as Bailian Outlets (百联奥特莱斯) and Asian Film Animation Digital Industry City (亚洲影视动漫数字产业城) have been launched one after another, and integrated models such as "cultural tourism + performing arts," "cultural tourism + technology," "cultural tourism + sports," and "cultural tourism + commerce" continue to emerge.
At the same time, Sichuan is actively promoting the integration of transportation and tourism, using roads as lines and scenery as beads to connect into a large pattern of all-area tourism.
The construction of the four major transportation and tourism integration demonstration zones of Da Emei (大峨眉), Da Jiuzhai (大九寨), Da Shangri-La (大香格里拉), and Da Shudao (大蜀道) is accelerating in an all-round way, covering 7 cities (states) and 41 counties (cities, districts), connecting 306 key tourist attractions, 109 museums, and 283 provincial-level or above intangible cultural heritage projects.
The full opening of the Jiumian Expressway (九绵高速) connects more than 30 high-quality cultural tourism resources such as Jiuzhaigou (九寨沟), Shiyi Qiang Village (石椅羌寨), and Wanglang National Nature Reserve (王朗国家级自然保护区); National Highway 318 (318国道) and National Highway 317 (317国道) are being built into "China's Most Beautiful Landscape Avenue"; creating popular "stations" in service areas such as Tianquan (天全) and Jiajiang (夹江); setting up special travel modes such as Panda Train, Hot Pot Bus, and Mountain Small Train to make the tour more experiential.
Sichuan embraces guests from all directions with a more open attitude, allowing the landscape chain to form an industrial chain.
Taking Results as Proof: Cultural Tourism Co-prosperity, Comfort Can Be Felt
Numbers are the intuitive answer.
In the first half of 2025, Sichuan received 682 million tourists, realizing a total tourist expenditure of 912.5 billion yuan, and tourism revenue continued to climb, ranking among the top in the country. Cultural activities are highly popular, performing arts box office, scenic spot night tours, and rural tourism are advancing simultaneously, and cultural tourism consumption is constantly breaking records.
Brands are also warm footnotes.
The cultural tourism brand of "Beautiful Tianfu and Comfortable Sichuan" (锦绣天府·安逸四川) is becoming brighter and brighter, and the brand awareness of Sanxingdui-Jinsha (三星堆—金沙), Jiuzhaigou-Huanglong (九寨沟—黄龙), Emei Mountain-Leshan Giant Buddha (峨眉山—乐山大佛), and Qingcheng Mountain-Dujiangyan (青城山—都江堰) is increasing day by day; high-energy activities such as the Golden Panda Awards, the China Chengdu International Intangible Cultural Heritage Festival, and the China (Chengdu) International Science Fiction Conference (中国（成都）国际科幻大会) have been successfully held, continuously enhancing international influence.
More valuable is the "shared beauty" advocated by "Comfortable Sichuan."
Cultural tourism activities enter communities, villages, and campuses, driving more than 11 million people to participate; consumer coupons, cultural tourism gift packages, and performance ticket stub discounts and other people-benefiting measures allow more people to "afford to travel and have fun"; the renewal of urban and rural cultural spaces and the landing of intangible cultural heritage workshops allow culture to truly "enter" the daily life of the masses.
Taking Development as the Foundation: Cultural Tourism as a Pen, Co-writing a New Chapter
Today's Sichuan, culture is not only a display, but also a source of happiness; tourism is not only a distant place, but also the daily life around people; the deep integration of culture and tourism flows into the economy, integrates into life, and nourishes the spirit.
Looking to the future, Sichuan will continue to adhere to the goal of "building a strong cultural province and a strong tourism province, and building a world-important tourism destination," further optimize the province's cultural and tourism development pattern, attract and cultivate a number of cultural tourism chain leading enterprises with strong competitiveness and driving force, and form a number of cultural tourism integration formats with Sichuan characteristics and advantages.
The light of culture is extending in the vast Bashan and Shushui (巴山蜀水); the road of tourism is leaving warm memories in people's hearts. The land of Bashu is interpreting "poetry and distant places" in its own unique way.
Data source: Sichuan Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism (四川省文化和旅游厅)
Return to TopBy: 任林举
Wang Jun (王俊) isn't handsome. He has a round face and slender eyes, seemingly "designed" specifically to adapt to the Gobi environment. For someone like him, who isn't good at speaking and doesn't have many opportunities to communicate with people, his expressions convey his inner emotions. A large face is like a large piece of paper with large characters written on it, making it conspicuous. Not only can familiar people understand it, but strangers can also understand it, and even the animals on the wetland can understand it. Slender eyes are even more necessary; the Gobi has a lot of wind and sand, and large eyes are a disadvantage, good-looking but not useful, too easy to get dust in them. When the scorching and violent, unshielded sunlight of the Gobi shoots like arrows, people with large eyes have to deliberately squint their eyes to prevent their fragile nerves from being "burned." Small eyes eliminate this trouble.
Although Wang Jun (王俊) isn't handsome, he is honest, down-to-earth, and approachable, especially liked by animals. He is the "soul" of this wetland; with him around, everything on the wetland is well-organized. He walks on the wetland, animals inhabit the wetland, they interact with each other, and no one treats anyone as an "outsider." When he sees those animals, he grins; when the animals see him, they are neither afraid nor do they hide. Birds will flap their wings a few times, and small animals will occasionally chirp gently. Every morning, Wang Jun (王俊) must get up early. If he doesn't get up, the wild ducks and gray geese will keep yelling by the water or in the grass outside his door until he gets up, opens the door, and patrols the water's edge, then this morning's noise will gradually subside.
The name of the wetland is very peculiar, called Laoshitu (老师兔), which is a transliteration of Mongolian, meaning "the place where springs emerge." The snowmelt from the Qilian Mountains (祁连山) flows and forms this wetland interspersed with open water and marshes. The wetland covers an area of 26,000 mu, with lush vegetation, including not only the camel thorns, white thorns, and red willows common in the Gobi, but also ice grass, reeds, and other water-loving plants. In between, there are more than 200 species of wild animals, which, together with Wang Jun (王俊) and Wang Jun's (王俊) colleagues and the work station, constitute the wetland's unique and extraordinary ecology.
The area of the wetland seems large from the numbers, but from a high altitude, it is just a small boat on the vast Gobi, swaying between the boundless yellow sand and gravel, as if it could be swallowed by the ruthless wind and sand at any time. The wetland ecosystem is fragile, so a protection station was specially set up to prohibit cattle and sheep from eating the grass here and to prohibit humans from arbitrarily trampling vegetation and hunting wild animals here. In this way, a group of unknown and unsung heroes 前仆后继 (qián pū hòu jì - "fall forward, followed by others," to advance wave upon wave; to act in the breach and follow one another in death) took on a sacred mission, full of passion, conscientiously, and meticulously guarding this wetland, creating a paradise for the animals and plants here that is undisturbed by humans.
Every day, Wang Jun (王俊) has to walk around the wetland constantly, patrolling everywhere, discovering various situations, and solving various problems. There is a lot of mud and water in the wetland, and it is very alkaline. Walking back and forth in the mud and water, at least three pairs of shoes are ruined in a year. If he finds someone or livestock entering the wetland, Wang Jun (王俊) will unceremoniously persuade them to return or drive them away; if he finds a wild animal injured, Wang Jun (王俊) will bring them back to bandage and feed them until they recover and return to the wetland; if a bird's wing is broken and it can no longer fly, Wang Jun (王俊) will raise it; when winter comes and the animals have nothing to eat, Wang Jun (王俊) will go back to the county to ask for food to help those animals that have nothing to eat.
All the creatures in the wetland are Wang Jun's (王俊) protected objects. He protects gazelles and wolves; he saves small birds and also saves falcons. He has raised a total of 6 falcons, 4 saker falcons and 2 Eurasian hobbies, all of which were injured in the wetland and can no longer fly. These falcons, known for their ferocity, are heroes or villains in the grassland, injured while catching prey or attacking other birds. For example, the Eurasian hobby, its flight speed is extremely fast, and when it swoops towards its prey at high speed in the air, the huge inertia can even penetrate a flying gray goose, and it often perishes because of greed and uncontrollable speed. No matter what kind of bird, in Wang Jun's (王俊) eyes, it is a life worth respecting, so he will treat them with equal compassion.
When the weather is good or he is in a good mood, Wang Jun (王俊) will pick up his camera, carry his tripod, and go to the wetland to take pictures of animals. Others call taking pictures of birds and animals photography, capturing those beautiful moments and posting them online. Wang Jun (王俊) never calls his own shooting photography. He insists that he is "taking pictures" for the wild animals he likes. His idea is very simple, just to record their figures and postures. Counting on his fingers, he has been working at this wetland protection station for 36 years. In the long 36 years, he and the wild animals have been together day and night, not only forming a deep relationship of mutual care and shared destiny, but also carrying out an interaction and mutual verification between life and life. In the seasonal rotation of spring and autumn and the migration of animals, he has witnessed the life and death and rise and fall of countless generations of wild animals.
Although he can't explain why he endlessly takes these photos, he is sure that his behavior is meaningful. In this vast and sparsely populated Gobi Desert, what is fresher, more novel, and more worthy of cherishing and recording than life? So he maintains an undiminished interest in photography month after month and year after year. In his opinion, the recording of life never repeats. Because life itself is constantly new, today and another day are not repeated, and even the same object on the same day will not be repeated. Every life has thousands of moods or postures, how can it be repeated? The theme of his photography does not change much. He has photographed each kind of wild animal more than ten or eight times, or even more, but those animals do look different and refreshing. Open his photo album, there is everything inside, common ones include common kestrel, Eurasian hobby, hawfinch, lark, white crane, gray goose, swan, gazelle, wild duck, owl... and uncommon ones, such as the rare black crane that he values most. In the past, black cranes were never seen here. It is only in recent years that the environment of the wetland has become better and better, and the food has become more and more abundant, that some "distinguished guests" have been attracted.
Wang Jun (王俊) also has times when he is in a bad mood. The vast Gobi, the endless dust and sand, and being far away from the crowd often make him feel lonely, depressed, and even desperate. After getting married, many things are not just one person's business, but the family's business, the business of two people, three people, or even more people. But he can only leave all these things to his wife. With children, the family burden is heavier, but he has no time to take care of it. It's not that he doesn't want to take care of it, it's because he can't go back. People need to solve not only material and life problems, but also emotional and spiritual problems. Children miss their father, wives miss their husbands, family members are sick and need someone to take care of them, and when the wind is strong and the rain is heavy at night, they need someone brave by their side... He can't be there, he can only be with the birds and animals in the wetland. Over time, his wife's concern was torn apart by the ruthless reality.
His wife is not wrong, the birds and animals are not wrong, and he is not wrong. Where is the mistake in this matter? Wang Jun (王俊) has a belly full of bitterness and nowhere to pour it out, so he can only shout at the wetland. Despite this, he still has no regrets. The unit considered that he had been in this position for too long and it was too hard, and wanted to transfer him to the forest police position, but he refused because he needed to take care of a few injured gazelles. He said that he has adapted to everything here, and don't replace him with another unadapted person.
Many years later, the conditions of the wetland have greatly improved, but the relationship between Wang Jun (王俊) and those birds does not seem to have changed much. As long as Wang Jun (王俊) shouts, the birds will still gather as before. Of course, the birds will still misunderstand Wang Jun (王俊), thinking that he is in a good mood and is going to bestow great favors and give them food. Whatever the reason, the gathering of the birds always gives Wang Jun (王俊) great comfort. After all, after many years, he still has the wetland he loves and these birds who are unwilling to leave him. When he thinks this way, his heart is filled with inexplicable compassion and warmth. He doesn't know it himself, but at this moment, he is the "Wetland King" of Laoshitu (老师兔) who doesn't need to be crowned.
Return to TopBy: 张心阳
An elderly foreign woman gave a speech on stage, and her answer when asked about "life experience" drew laughter from the audience. She said, "We old people are sometimes not very likable, let alone cute. Dear God, don't forget to remind everyone that there is no chance to practice getting old, because it is also my first time getting old, and I am getting old quite suddenly..."
Such humor is really likable. I have no experience of being "old," but I have seen the "old age" of my father, who is over eighty years old. Once, I accompanied him for a walk, and he always walked in the middle of the road. I pulled him back and said to him, "The middle of the road is for cars. It's dangerous for you to do this." He dismissed it: "Isn't the road built for people to walk on?" I smiled and teased him: "You seem to be getting senile." He retorted seriously: "Me old? What old?" This is also the mentality of many old people.
What counts as old depends not only on age, but also on physical and mental health. But once you enter the "old" state, you can't refuse it. After decades of wind and rain, various organs have entered the "retirement countdown." The muscles and bones are not so obedient. The vigor of the past has become a staggering pace; the number of neurons decreases, and information transmission inevitably experiences "stuttering"; the crystalline lens of the eye becomes more and more like a glass ball, and seeing people and things is sometimes like looking at flowers in the fog and watching the moon in the water; the hair cells in the inner ear are atrophying, and they really can't hear your high decibels, not pretending to be deaf. They even hate the multi-functionality of mobile phones. When faced with scanning codes, positioning, verification codes, online payments, etc., they always seem a little at a loss...
As such, a question is raised for public society: are the words and deeds of the elderly a nuisance and a constraint in life, or should they be regarded as a normal part of life, deserving understanding and respect?
I watched a video of an old man who was hospitalized with a serious illness. His family took his card to the bank to withdraw money for him, but not only did they fail to withdraw it, but they also had to lift the old man from the hospital bed to the bank to scan his face. This needs to be discussed. The ancients more than 2,000 years ago said: "When consulting with elders, one must hold a cane and follow them." Respecting the old and loving the young is a fine tradition of the Chinese nation. Consideration for the elderly should be reflected in all aspects of daily life, and we should try our best to think for them in the details of life. When they can't open the mobile payment code for a while when shopping and paying, do the people behind them have the patience to wait? Are the "priority seats for the elderly, weak, sick, disabled, and pregnant" on public transportation really occupied by those who should be seated? When passing through a revolving door, will anyone be willing to reach out and hold the door for the elderly? If the elderly drive a little slower sometimes, can the cars behind not honk their horns to urge them...?
That being said, it is not to excuse the elderly, advocating that whatever they do is right. The elderly naturally also need to maintain self-discipline, such as actively staggering peak travel times to reduce traffic pressure. But more importantly, whether a society has entered modern civilization and whether it can truly regard the living conditions of the elderly as an organic part of the overall life of society is also one of the indicators. In a civilized society, everyone should follow the "generational contract" and respect the right of others to "rational existence"; otherwise, age discrimination will cause injustice and inequality.
“世间何物催人老，半是鸡声半马蹄。” Today's elderly were once full of vigor and vitality. They created economic prosperity and social civilization by working hard from dawn to dusk. Without the creation and accumulation of the predecessors, how can there be the comfort and joy of the descendants? Now, they are getting old and will inadvertently become "confused," "clumsy," and even show "absurdity." In response, we can be more patient and less blame, annoyance, and ridicule. A person getting old is a natural state of life. It is both the first time and the last time. Because it is the first time, we don't have to nag. Because it is the last time, why should we be so calculating!
Return to TopBy: 樊志威
This year's vacation, I headed west, driving through the Qinba Mountains (秦巴山区). The journey started from Shiyan (十堰), because my first destination, Shangjin Ancient Town (上津古城), was nearby. Another important reason was that 13 years ago, in Wanjia坪 Village (万家坪村), Qingshan Town (青山镇), Yunxian County (郧县) (now Yunyang District (郧阳区)), on a small mountain terrace called Sanming Temple (三明寺), I started my first archaeological fieldwork.
Thirteen years ago, surrounded by gentle hills, under the scorching summer sun, I worked diligently at the excavation site every day, sweating profusely and drinking water like a cow became the norm. The accommodation was in a small building that had been vacated after the village committee moved. Seven or eight people were crammed into one room, without air conditioning, two large fans blew with all their might, bringing a trace of coolness. When it rained, we had to move the beds to places that didn't leak, and then use basins and buckets to catch the rainwater, gradually falling asleep to the accompaniment of "large and small pearls falling on a jade plate." There was no hot water, so we built a simple thatched shed and used a thin water pipe to draw the meager spring water from the mountain for bathing. Daring classmates would sometimes bathe in a small pool not far from the residence. The moonlight gently sprinkled on the pool, surrounded by darkness, and the quiet night was filled only with the chirping of insects and the croaking of frogs, a rare moment of tranquility.
It often rained in the mountains. When we were working hard excavating or drawing under the scorching sun, a gust of strong wind would suddenly blow, and the local villagers would shout, "It's going to rain!" Their rough voices always carried a hint of excitement. Looking up into the distance, we would see large, dark clouds moving quickly towards the construction site from the northwest, and we would quickly pack up our hand shovels, spades, and dustpans, and roll up the unfinished drawings. If we were greedy to draw those few curved lines, in an instant, large raindrops would "dada da" hit the drawings. The sudden heavy rain did not make everyone feel embarrassed, but rather quite happy. The workers thought that they would not have to work so hard today, and the students could also take a lazy break. But sometimes, the rain came and went quickly. After a brief and intense downpour, the team leader would shout, "Continue working!" The joy vanished in an instant, leaving only the rustling sound of tools colliding and footsteps slowly moving towards the excavation square. The scene of labor began again.
At the construction site, in addition to the dozen or so people from our archaeological team, there were also a dozen local villagers hired from other towns in the county to work as laborers. The villagers lived in an abandoned primary school. The village committee and the village school were two buildings, one in the south and one in the north, accompanying each other. With so many people, eating became a major issue. The two groups did not eat together. Teacher Lang's (郎老师) wife, a technician, arranged the meals for us, with simply two or three dishes in large basins for us to take ourselves. At that time, I was quite picky about food, not eating this or that, let alone communal meals, so I ate Lao Gan Ma (老干妈)拌饭 (rice mixed with Lao Gan Ma chili sauce) for two whole months.
My archaeological fieldwork skills were enlightened and honed here. As soon as I arrived at the construction site, before the strong sense of curiosity had faded, I was assigned an excavation square. The nine of us who went together as novices divided the squares according to areas of 25, 50, and 100 square meters, and I was honored to become responsible for 100 square meters. Because I was a novice, I needed senior students to "pass on experience and help," and the master's student Lao Bao (老包) from Zhengzhou University (郑州大学) was paired with me. Our squares were adjacent, making it convenient to take care of each other. Although the time we spent together was not long, I still remember Lao Bao's young and enthusiastic appearance. On the first day, he told me how to use the hand shovel, what scraping the surface meant, what drawing lines meant, and that the appearance of the fill in a certain ash pit in the square was the same as the mottled soil in the tomb pit, wishing he could impart all his knowledge and learning in one day. I nodded like a chicken pecking at rice, silently remembering, but it seemed like I didn't remember anything. The next day, Lao Bao suddenly looked preoccupied, saying that he had quarreled with his girlfriend, and that this construction site was the worst and most difficult he had ever been to. On the third day of work, Lao Bao was gone. The team leader told me meaningfully that Lao Bao had returned to Zhengzhou, and that I would take over his square.
I was both nervous and worried. A novice suddenly promoted to be the "square master" of two squares, how could I bear it? My brain was racing, and I suddenly caught sight of the master's student Yong Ge (勇哥), who had become my neighbor. After some ideological struggle, I, who usually didn't like to talk, ran to this senior brother, whom I wasn't yet familiar with, and asked him to take care of me. Yong Ge readily agreed. From then on, Yong Ge became my field mentor. Under Yong Ge's guidance, I learned how to identify soil, draw lines, draw maps, and also learned some professional knowledge. Later, my excavation area increased from 200 square meters to 400 square meters, and finally settled at 450 square meters. In this 450 square meters of land, I can't remember how many pots of water I sprinkled, how many times I scraped the surface of the square, or how many times I revised the bottom layer and the lines of the remains. I dug down from the foundations of the Ming and Qing Dynasty temples to the ash pits of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, then down to the ash pits of the Yangshao period, and finally, after sprinkling 18 pots of water in one day, I completely scraped several squares to the sterile soil surface, ending my field debut.
On the day I returned home, it was not yet dawn, and the students were still fast asleep. I waved goodbye to each room, boarded the minibus that only made one round trip a day, and swayed to Shiyan (十堰). I transferred to a bus and traveled along the ancient road that had existed for thousands of years, crossing the Qinling Mountains (秦岭) from south to north to Xi'an (西安). The Qinling Mountains (秦岭) were deep and layered, and the lush trees revealed an ancient mystery, making me curious and unwilling to close my eyes to rest for a moment. Perhaps inadvertently, the longing and obsession for this ancient mountain had quietly been planted in my heart.
Return to TopOil painting "Autumn Without End," by Wu Guanzhong (吴冠中), collection of the National Art Museum of China (中国美术馆).
Return to TopBy: 杨想发
Some people love collecting stamps, some are fond of antiques, but I uniquely love collecting letters.
Opening that heavy old leather suitcase, neatly arranged inside are my treasures—thirty or forty yellowed family letters and other old letters. A family letter is worth a fortune, and to me, the affection carried by these pages is far from comparable to money; they are priceless treasures of time.
The most numerous in the suitcase are the family letters that my father asked someone to write on his behalf. In the winter of 1992, I joined the army, and at that time, communication was inconvenient; making a phone call required a five-mile trip to the town. My father had limited literacy and even less ability to write, so he always asked someone to write letters to me. There are more than a dozen such letters. The letters invariably asked how I was eating, whether the training was tiring, and urged me to "listen to the leaders, work hard, and study hard." Reading them again now, I have mixed feelings. "A father worries about his son traveling thousands of miles," and between the lines is his anxious heart hoping his son will become successful. My father has been gone for more than ten years, and as my fingers stroke the blurred handwriting, I seem to hear his exhortations with a local accent again.
The suitcase also holds treasured letters from my comrades. When I first arrived at the army, I received a letter from a high school classmate who had joined the army earlier than me. He enthusiastically introduced army life and encouraged me: "Strive to take the military academy exam!" This friendship was like a seed planted. Later, I successfully passed the military academy exam as I wished. Last Spring Festival, we reunited after more than 30 years, and when we mentioned this matter, we smiled at each other.
Entering the military academy, I wrote to my original unit full of gratitude. Soon, replies from the political commissar and several leaders arrived. The letters praised "功夫不负有心人 (gōng fū bù fù yǒu xīn rén - "efforts will not fail those who put their heart into it," perseverance leads to success)" and encouraged me earnestly: "The road ahead is still long, don't forget your original intention, and continue to work hard!" Reading these short and powerful replies again now, a sense of closeness and gratitude arises spontaneously.
After graduating from military academy in 1998, the classmates were assigned to various places, and the only thing that maintained the friendship of classmates from all over the country was a letter. Among the many letters that came, the letter from my comrade and classmate Liu Shuangquan (刘双泉) was particularly important. Reading his letter, between the lines revealed a tenacity—after graduation, he studied diligently, first upgrading from a junior college diploma to a bachelor's degree, and then taking the postgraduate entrance examination twice, finally entering the Logistics Command Academy. Encouraged by him, I also completed the upgrade from a junior college diploma to a bachelor's degree and obtained a bachelor's degree in clinical medicine from Wuhan University (武汉大学). These letters are silent spurs, a force for moving forward.
Deep in the suitcase, there are a few special letters—those are the love letters I wrote to my wife more than 20 years ago. When pursuing her, every letter was carefully considered word by word. First, I made a draft on medical record paper, and then neatly copied it. Unexpectedly, my wife treasured all those drafts and love letters. She occasionally takes them out with a smile: "Look, what you wrote back then, how much you loved me... you have to keep your word!"
Nowadays, mobile phones and WeChat are readily available, and voices from thousands of miles away can be reached instantly. However, I still miss the excitement of tearing open the envelope, the warmth of stroking the letter paper, and the solemnity of carefully considering every word. Those letters with stamps and traces of time, lying quietly at the bottom of the box, have become precious "cultural relics." They record the footprints that relatives and friends and I have walked, the texture of life, they condense the expectations of relatives and friends, as well as that period of youth of sweating and never giving up. They are indelible ink marks, deep ruts of affection engraved by time on the letter paper.
Return to TopBy: 榆 木
The train ticket holds spring, and also holds
Joyful gatherings and farewells, holding the brand of the city
And the dialect of the hometown, although the speed of the bullet train
Reaches more than three hundred kilometers per hour
It still can't catch up with the running of the heart
The train ticket holds summer, and also holds
Lightning and thunder, holding the wrinkles of parents
And the wind that bends over, although the father's tricycle
Moves like a snail, but the wind in the mountain hollow
Turns the hometown green in an instant
The train ticket holds autumn, and also holds
A pregnant cat and the golden color of grain
Holding bright sunshine and the joy of childbirth
All the harvest is in this small train ticket
Tightly held in one's own hand
The train ticket holds winter, and also holds
Heavy snow and a full moon, holding the footprints of life
And the arrival of life, a train ticket
Gives the city the concern of the hometown
Gives the hometown the taste of the city
Return to TopBy: 赵德发
I only learned what the Double Ninth Festival was really like when I was 33 years old.
In the autumn of 1988, I went to Shandong University (山东大学) to register for the Writer's Workshop. A few days after settling in, I heard that Thousand Buddha Mountain (千佛山) would host a Double Ninth Festival fair, so I decided to go and have a look.
When I was a child, I didn't have much of a feeling about the Double Ninth Festival. In the morning, my father might say, "Today is the ninth day of the ninth month, Double Ninth," and then go to work in the fields. My mother still prepared ordinary meals, unlike the Mid-Autumn Festival on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, which included a meat dish. After starting school, I learned about the origin of the Double Ninth Festival: nine belongs to Yang, and two nines together are Double Ninth. I also learned about the related customs: ascending to a high place for a distant view, appreciating chrysanthemums and drinking wine, wearing dogwood, etc. But in our village, chrysanthemums were rarely seen, let alone dogwood. There were several mountains south of the village, but no one went to climb them on this day.
After coming to Jinan (济南), I realized that the Double Ninth Festival was so grand! There were classes in the morning, so I didn't go to Thousand Buddha Mountain (千佛山), located in the south of the city, until the afternoon, and it was still crowded with people. Many chrysanthemums were displayed by the roadside, golden and fragrant. On the hillside, there was a Lü Opera performance. I stopped to watch, and suddenly heard a long whistle coming from the treetops. I turned around and looked up, and the top of Thousand Buddha Mountain (千佛山) was full of people; the whistle came from there. I wanted to go to the top of the mountain, but seeing the crowds on the mountain path, I gave up the idea.
As I wandered around, an old book stall appeared in front of me. I squatted down and looked at it, and a red notebook was placed there. It turned out to be a middle school girl's diary, so I bought it. The stall owner only charged me two mao. After reading it carefully, I found that the content was mostly about the girl's study life. For example, a classmate could not afford tuition, and she persuaded her parents to pay for the classmate; the school established a propaganda team, and she wrote a play to perform. What she was most proud of was that she and her classmates welcomed Prince Norodom Sihanouk (西哈努克亲王) to Jinan (济南). She also wrote about her troubles in her diary, such as not receiving a reply from a friend for a long time.
I was a little surprised. How could this private diary end up on an old book stall? Later, I wrote an essay called "Lady, Please Cherish Your Fruit" (女士，请珍藏你的果子). I said, if you can see this article, please contact me, and I am willing to return the diary to you. But after the article was published, no one ever contacted me.
In the autumn of 2024, I was hired by Shandong University (山东大学) to teach at the Writer's College. My registration coincided with the Double Ninth Festival, and seeing the news of the "September 9th" Double Ninth Mountain Fair, I went to Thousand Buddha Mountain (千佛山) again.
The festive atmosphere was even stronger this day. Lanterns were hung on both sides of the mountain road, and stalls were filled with traditional Jinan (济南) snacks, as well as many special foods from other places, such as Henan's (河南) spicy soup and Hubei's (湖北) hot dry noodles. There were also various Shandong (山东) handmade crafts, with traditional handicrafts and modern creativity integrated, reflecting the creativity of culture.
Near noon, I heard Peking Opera being sung. Following the sound, I found an empty seat under the "Wen Shao Platform" (闻韶台) and sat down, drinking coffee while watching. On the stage, Mu Guiying (穆桂英) held a long spear in her hand, with four flags inserted on her back, dancing and singing. After she finished performing and stepped down, someone behind the scenes sang "Wearing the forest and crossing the snowfield, the spirit rushes to the sky" (穿林海跨雪原气冲霄汉), its sound piercing the clouds and cracking rocks. Yang Zirong (杨子荣) stepped onto the stage majestically with a horse whip in his hand. From *Mu Guiying Takes Command* (穆桂英挂帅) to *Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy* (智取威虎山), spanning a thousand years, it was soul-stirring.
Suddenly, an autumn breeze blew, and I smelled the fragrance of chrysanthemums. I left my seat to look for them, and found a patch in the woods. "Wait until the Double Ninth Day, and come back to enjoy the chrysanthemums" (待到重阳日，还来就菊花), I silently recited Meng Haoran's (孟浩然) poem, and stepped into the flowers to observe them carefully. Those chrysanthemums had single colors and multiple colors, mainly yellow; they had flat petals, tubular petals, and spoon petals, in various poses. In the autumn wind, they swayed and swayed, and their fragrance was refreshing.
The sun was setting, and the mountains were slightly cool. I went down the mountain with a body full of fragrance. On the way, I found that many people were excitedly coming towards me, walking up the mountain. They were new tourists. It seems that the Double Ninth Festival in Jinan (济南) is really joyful and lively, and there really is a festive atmosphere.
Return to TopThis edition's email: dadi@peopledaily.cn
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