Summary: In an article to be published in *Qiushi* magazine, Xi Jinping emphasizes the need for "five further steps in place" to advance the Party's self-revolution, viewing it as crucial for avoiding historical cycles of rise and fall. He stresses tightening self-revolution due to the complex environment and the demanding task of Chinese-style modernization, highlighting the importance of strengthening Party spirit through firm beliefs, loyalty, public service, moral integrity, and ethical conduct. The article also focuses on regulating the use of power, strict supervision and discipline, and implementing responsibilities for governing the Party, emphasizing that the Party must govern itself in order to provide a strong political guarantee for high-quality development. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article emphasizes the strategic importance of strengthening the domestic market in China's modernization drive, particularly through the "dual circulation" strategy. It highlights the achievements made since 2020, including China's position as the second-largest consumer market and leading trading nation, and the increasing contribution of domestic demand to economic growth. The piece underscores the need to rely on the domestic market for economic resilience amidst global uncertainties, while also promoting high-level opening-up, as demonstrated by the China International Import Expo. Zheng Shanjie, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, emphasized the importance of expanding aggregate demand, improving efficiency, and unblocking circulation to implement the strategy effectively. There is no direct mention of the United States or specific U.S.-China relations in this article.
Summary: The article reports on the completion of Shanghai's 30-year effort to eliminate "toilet-carrying" (拎马桶) by upgrading old housing and installing modern sanitation facilities for residents. Xi Jinping, while working in Shanghai and later as General Secretary, emphasized the importance of addressing this issue to improve the lives of ordinary citizens. The Shanghai municipal government used specialized bonds to supply the funding for these renovations. Shanghai Communist Party Secretary Chen Jining stated that the city will focus on optimizing urban space, strengthening urban development, improving urban life quality, and enhancing urban governance to promote the construction of a modern people's city. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article highlights the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin, a critical ecological barrier and economic region in China. It details efforts to improve the ecological environment through afforestation, wetland restoration, and pollution control, resulting in improved water quality and biodiversity. The article emphasizes coordinated governance, including water and sand management, water conservation, and inter-provincial ecological compensation mechanisms. These measures aim to balance ecological preservation with economic development, fostering green industries and improving livelihoods along the Yellow River. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this article.
Summary: As of November 29th, the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor has shipped over 5 million TEU of containerized goods, with over 1.3 million TEU shipped this year alone, a 55.3% year-on-year increase. The corridor facilitated 611.5 billion yuan in trade for western China in the first three quarters of the year, boosting the region's foreign trade growth by 3.4 percentage points. The provided photo depicts container loading and unloading at the Qinzhou Port in Guangxi on November 29th. The article does not mention the United States.
Summary: The article focuses on Xiaomi's commitment to technological innovation and high-quality development, highlighting their investment in core technologies like chips, AI, and operating systems, including the independently developed 3nm mobile processor chip, the Xuanjie O1. Xiaomi's founder, Lei Jun, emphasized the company's dedication to innovation and the integration of AI in their products, such as AI-powered glasses. It also describes Xiaomi's intelligent manufacturing capabilities in factories producing cars, smartphones, and smart appliances. Finally, it mentions Xiaomi's global expansion, with a strong presence in Southeast Asia and other regions, emphasizing the importance of both product innovation and retail presence in international markets.
Summary: China's November Manufacturing Purchasing Manager's Index (PMI) rose to 49.2%, a slight increase indicating improved economic sentiment. The new export orders index also saw a notable increase, particularly in high-tech and consumer goods manufacturing. This export stabilization contributed to a recovery in overall manufacturing market demand, reflected in the rise of the new orders index. Manufacturers' expectations for future production and operation also improved. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this article.
Summary: An 80-year-old woman from a formerly impoverished village in Gansu Province successfully underwent minimally invasive knee surgery at the local county hospital. This was made possible by the "Thousand Counties Project" (千县工程), a national initiative started in 2021 to improve the capabilities of county hospitals, with a goal of reaching third-tier hospital standards by 2025. The hospital in Danchang, Gansu, received assistance from experts from other hospitals and equipment, and the patient benefited from medical insurance, subsidies, and assistance programs, significantly reducing her out-of-pocket expenses. Village officials also visited the woman to brief her on policies to prevent her from falling back into poverty due to medical expenses.
Summary: This article discusses the ongoing challenges in maintaining healthcare access and preventing relapse into poverty in formerly impoverished regions of China, particularly focusing on the elderly and children. It highlights the higher aging population and vulnerability of "empty nest" elders in these areas. The author advocates for improved medical and elderly care services, robust health insurance and aid systems, and enhanced infrastructure in these regions to prevent poverty caused by elderly illness. For children, the article suggests targeted early childhood development intervention programs to improve nutrition, health, and psychological well-being, breaking the cycle of poverty.
Summary: According to an interview with Deng Xiuming, Deputy Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Executive Vice President of the Supreme People's Court, the court will focus on safeguarding high-quality development and high-level security during the 15th Five-Year Plan period by focusing on promoting the real economy, protecting intellectual property rights, and expanding the domestic market. The court will also focus on strengthening consumer rights protection and opposing monopolies, while also protecting the legitimate rights and interests of both domestic and foreign parties and maintaining national security. Furthermore, they plan to actively participate in international rule-making and counter "long-arm jurisdiction." The Supreme Court also aims to improve judicial services for the people.
Summary: The article emphasizes the strategic importance of a strong domestic market for China's modernization, highlighting Xi Jinping's call to strengthen the domestic economic cycle to counter international uncertainties. It discusses the "15th Five-Year Plan" which focuses on expanding domestic demand, promoting consumption, and improving the quality of domestic and international economic cycles. The article emphasizes the need to rely on the domestic market for resilience amid external complexities and showcases China's commitment to high-level opening-up, exemplified by the China International Import Expo. Zheng Shanjie, director of the National Development and Reform Commission, highlighted the importance of expanding increments, increasing efficiency, and smoothing circulation to build a strong domestic market.
Summary: China's National Bureau of Statistics reports that industrial enterprise profits above designated size increased by 1.9% year-on-year in the first ten months of the year, marking three consecutive months of growth since August. Equipment manufacturing saw a significant profit increase of 7.8%, contributing substantially to the overall industrial profit growth. High-tech manufacturing also performed well, with profits increasing by 8.0%, particularly in areas like smart electronics and semiconductors. Traditional industries are showing positive results from upgrades, with select sub-sectors outperforming their industry averages.
Summary: The article emphasizes China's commitment to shared development through increased imports from developing nations, citing examples like Pakistani pine nuts, South African macadamia nuts, and various products showcased at the China International Import Expo. China's "15th Five-Year Plan" includes a chapter on expanding high-level opening-up and mutually beneficial cooperation, and is working to expand trade relationships with countries in Africa and South America. The article highlights trade facilitation measures, such as streamlined customs and logistics, which are lowering barriers for developing countries to access the Chinese market. China's zero-tariff policies for certain African nations were also praised. The article did not mention the United States, or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Sanae Takaichi's recent statements in the Diet, claiming Japan does not have a position on Taiwan's legal status based on the Treaty of San Francisco, are criticized as distorting history and signaling intentions for military intervention in the Taiwan Strait. The article argues that Takaichi's reliance on the Treaty of San Francisco, while disregarding the Cairo Declaration and Potsdam Proclamation, challenges the post-WWII international order. The author warns against the resurgence of Japanese militarism and its implications for Taiwan, reminding the world that Taiwan is China's territory. The article cautions Japan against provocations regarding Taiwan, warning of severe consequences for interfering in China's internal affairs.
Summary: An article by the founding director of Mongolia's Belt and Road Joint Development Research Center discusses Xi Jinping's Global Governance Initiative (GGI). The author argues the GGI aligns with Mongolia's development strategies and foreign policy, offering cooperation opportunities in areas like green energy and digital economy, and providing alternatives to existing global governance structures. Mongolian President Khurelsukh Ukhnaa expressed support for the GGI during a meeting with Xi in September, praising its emphasis on UN centrality and developing country participation. The piece advocates for closer strategic alignment between Mongolia and China, utilizing platforms like the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation to deepen collaboration in areas like green development and desertification control. The article also touches on the need for a more fair and equitable international order.
Summary: Hungarian Workers' Party Chairman Thürmer Gyula stated that China's adherence to a people-centric approach is a key reason for its historical achievements, including lifting over 700 million people out of poverty. He highlighted China's new productive forces as an innovative development strategy and praised China's global governance initiatives, emphasizing cooperation over confrontation. He noted the strong trade relationship between Hungary and China, with bilateral trade reaching $16.2 billion in 2024, and highlighted the Belt and Road Initiative's impact on infrastructure projects like the Budapest-Serbia railway. Thürmer emphasized that Hungarian-Chinese relations are at their best, with China's engagement in the Hungarian economy providing new opportunities for China-Europe cooperation.
Summary: China Southern Power Grid's Peruvian subsidiary, Boluz Energy, implemented the "Ten Thousand Lights" project in impoverished communities in Lima, Peru, providing electricity to over 13,000 households and businesses. The project has improved living conditions by providing lighting and power for appliances and businesses. Boluz Energy also offers technical education scholarships, benefiting over 900 young people, including women, and fostering a cycle of education, employment, and poverty reduction. Some beneficiaries expressed interest in studying Chinese advanced power technology in the future. The project has not been reported to have any connection to the United States.
Summary: The article discusses Beijing's "12345" citizen hotline and its role in addressing public concerns, highlighting its effectiveness in resolving issues related to delivery drivers, environmental protection, and urban services. The hotline is credited with facilitating rapid responses and driving improvements in city governance through a system of receiving, processing, and resolving citizen complaints. Officials like Shen Binhua, Deputy Secretary-General of the Beijing Municipal People's Government, emphasize plans to further strengthen these platforms during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. The goal is to ensure citizen concerns are addressed effectively, fostering a positive interaction between the city and its residents. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses the effectiveness of Beijing's 12345 citizen service hotline in addressing urban issues, specifically highlighting its success in resolving problems faced by delivery drivers. The hotline's effectiveness stems from its ability to coordinate different departments, assign responsibility, analyze issues, and provide feedback. By addressing individual complaints, the hotline gathers data on public sentiment, which can be used to improve city governance. The article emphasizes the importance of using such hotlines to solve pressing issues and enhance urban management, ultimately aiming to improve citizens' well-being and sense of security.
Summary: During National Fire Prevention Month in November, China is emphasizing "fire safety for all, life first" through various activities nationwide. These initiatives include fire safety education in communities, businesses, and rural areas, using methods such as simulations, drills, and performances. Local fire departments are partnering with various organizations to deliver targeted safety information. Activities include training for citizens on safe usage of electricity and fire, as well as drills on how to respond to a fire. The goal is to increase awareness of and participation in fire safety across all sectors of society.
Summary: The article reports on Shanghai's completion of a 30-year effort to eliminate "toilet-carrying" (拎马桶) in old neighborhoods, improving living conditions for residents. This initiative involved renovating old housing, adding sanitation facilities, and sometimes relocating residents to create space for improvements. The effort reflects the city's commitment to improving people's lives and embodies the concept of a "people's city" (人民城市). The article references Xi Jinping's concern for the "toilet problem" and his emphasis on improving the lives of ordinary people. Shanghai's leaders, including Shanghai Party Secretary Chen Jining, are committed to modernizing the city for the people.
Summary: Following the rice harvest in Yantang Village, Jiangsu province, 6,000 rice straw bales have become a tourist attraction. Yantang Village is promoting agri-tourism by offering amenities like straw bale-themed cafes and hosting photography and short video contests and rural music concerts. The village plans to sell the straw bales to paper and power generation companies, thus recycling waste. The initiative is intended to boost local consumption through rural tourism. No mention is made of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: This article discusses the revitalization of the Liangma River in Beijing as a reflection of improved ecological awareness and upgraded governance concepts. The river's transformation from a polluted waterway to an integrated space for leisure, commerce, and culture exemplifies a shift towards prioritizing both ecological preservation and the needs of the people. It emphasizes the importance of coordinated governance among various departments to maximize the river's potential and improve urban life. The article highlights examples in other cities such as Tianjin and Shanghai as examples of the importance of integrating rivers into urban space. There is no explicit mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses China's advancements in developing "smart cities" through comprehensive digital transformation, aiming to enhance urban governance, improve residents' quality of life, and promote high-quality development. It highlights successful examples like Shanghai's "one network management" and Hangzhou's "city brain," while also pointing out challenges such as data silos and the need for robust data security measures. The piece emphasizes the importance of whole-area transformation, reform and innovation, and security as the foundation for the development of future smart cities. The article also alludes to the importance of addressing the concerns of its citizens by improving areas such as elderly care and healthcare through the use of AI. It also states that the aim is to achieve a high level of intelligent, refined, and citizen-centric urban governance.
Summary: A wetland protection worker in Chongqing utilizes technology like AI-powered monitoring platforms and acoustic sensors to analyze bird populations and overall ecosystem health. The advancements have led to a significant increase in identified bird species and successful protection efforts for endangered species like the Baer's Pochard. The integration of technology with human expertise is key to improving efficiency in ecological monitoring and protection. The article highlights how technological innovation provides new pathways for ecological protection, while ecological protection offers application scenarios for new technologies. Through ecological restoration, the water quality has improved and the number of migratory birds has increased significantly.
Summary: During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China significantly expanded its childcare services. The country now boasts 126,000 childcare institutions providing 6.657 million slots. China has exceeded its "14th Five-Year Plan" target, with 4.73 childcare slots per 1,000 infants under three years old. The article frames childcare development as crucial for high-quality population growth and pro-natal policies. The article does not allude to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: According to a recent interpretation of the 20th Fourth Plenary Session of the CCP, China aims to increase average life expectancy from 79 to 80 years by 2029. This goal reflects advancements in healthcare, social security, and overall health initiatives. Achieving this increase necessitates systemic societal adaptations, including improvements to infrastructure, elder care, and evolving social attitudes towards aging. The effort to extend life expectancy also emphasizes the importance of quality of life, active aging, and continued contributions from senior citizens. This initiative aims to improve overall well-being and promote a more vibrant and healthy society.
Summary: The article discusses the increasing availability of food delivery services in rural Chinese villages, highlighting its impact on convenience and consumption. While rural consumers appreciate the access to goods, the cost, including delivery fees, remains a concern. Experts suggest increased rural delivery penetration correlates with increased rural consumption. The article stresses the need for infrastructure development and increased rural incomes to facilitate further integration of delivery services and modernization of rural areas, especially for villages that are still unreached by these services.
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Summary: This article discusses Fujian province's implementation of the "Greater Food Perspective" (大食物观) and its successes in diversifying food sources and improving agricultural practices. Originating with Xi Jinping's work in Fujian, the approach emphasizes utilizing diverse resources like oceans and forests for food production. Fujian has achieved significant growth in aquatic products, forest-based foods, and facility agriculture, with increased production and quality. The province has also focused on food safety and quality control, implementing a comprehensive traceability system. The article highlights the importance of adapting to local conditions, technological innovation, market orientation, and sustainable development in ensuring food security and meeting diverse consumer needs.
Summary: The article discusses the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River basin, highlighting efforts to improve the environment, optimize water resource allocation, and promote sustainable development. Key initiatives include afforestation, wetland restoration, and the implementation of the Yellow River Protection Law. The article emphasizes coordinated efforts among the nine provinces along the Yellow River to enhance water quality, reduce soil erosion, and promote efficient water use. These efforts have led to improved water quality and increased economic output in the region. There is no discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this article.
Summary: This article emphasizes the importance of the Yellow River as the "Mother River" of the Chinese nation and highlights ecological protection and high-quality development along its course. It discusses the transformation of local populations into ecological stewards, the upgrading of traditional industries, and the emergence of new energy sources. The article touts increased water flow into the Bohai Sea as evidence of successful ecological management. It advocates for coordinated governance and emphasizes long-term commitment to ecological civilization under the guidance of Xi Jinping's thought.
Summary: A neighborhood in Nantong's Tongzhou District has implemented a system where local officials visit communities monthly to address resident concerns directly. This initiative involves a three-tiered system that integrates local representatives, government officials, and community members to identify and resolve issues. Since its implementation, the system has identified over 4,000 issues, resolving over 3,100 of them. A Tongzhou District Party Committee official stated that this system strengthens local governance and enables officials to address problems at the grassroots level. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: Following severe rainfall and rising water levels in the Hasuhai Reservoir, the Tumd Left Banner government discharged water into nearby villages, flooding homes and farmland and displacing approximately 450 households. Local officials, including Tumd Left Banner Party Secretary Haiying and Deputy Banner Heads Zhao Hongxing and Cui Jie, stated that the emergency discharge was necessary to prevent a potential dam breach that could threaten larger cities. The government offered a compensation plan involving monetary aid and relocation options, but some villagers are hesitant due to concerns about the adequacy of the compensation, the loss of their land, and the lack of a clear plan for the future use of the affected areas. Although the area has been submitted to higher authorities to be designated as a flood storage zone, it has not yet been approved. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A resident of Diecuiyuan in Guangzhou's Panyu District reports that demolition work in the nearby Zhidi Village has caused significant dust pollution impacting residents' health and daily life. The demolition company allegedly piled construction waste near the residential buildings and conducted on-site crushing without proper dust control measures like netting or spraying. The resident is requesting intervention from relevant departments to regulate demolition practices and remove the construction waste. The report does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The first article discusses the safety risks associated with the use of "windshield quilts" on electric bicycles during winter, noting that while they provide warmth, they can reduce stability and increase fire hazards. The author suggests finding a balance between warmth and safety by promoting alternatives like helmets and warm clothing. The second article addresses the need for more tailored and practical community elderly care services, such as smart device training, to meet the specific needs of the aging population. The third article warns of "fake nutritionists" on social media platforms who exploit consumers' health concerns by selling overpriced health products, and advocates for stricter regulations and platform oversight.
Summary: This year's "Double 11" shopping festival saw increased complaints regarding pricing transparency and misleading promotions, with 85.6% of complaints related to price discrepancies between pre-sale offers and actual prices. Consumers reported confusion over complex discount rules and dissatisfaction with the final prices, which often differed from advertised rates. Complaints also surged for emerging consumer goods like smart technology and virtual products, citing discrepancies between advertised functionality and actual performance. Experts suggest e-commerce platforms should leverage data and algorithms to create a transparent and fair consumer environment. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Agricultural Bank of China (ABC) reports allocating 2.52 trillion yuan in loans to 832 formerly impoverished counties by the end of September 2025, with a focus on supporting rural revitalization. ABC has implemented a "financial village director" model, appointing 45,000 such directors to enhance financial services and knowledge dissemination in rural areas. ABC also promoted "Benefit the People Loans (富民贷)", totaling 129.2 billion yuan, to assist 1.41 million households in increasing their income. The bank has supported 324 East-West collaboration projects with 12 billion yuan in loans and facilitated 406 assistance projects, attracting 898 million yuan of investment to Western regions.
Summary: This article outlines China's commitment to invigorating all types of business entities to drive high-quality economic development. It emphasizes strengthening state-owned enterprises (SOEs) through reform, strategic restructuring, and enhanced core competitiveness, while also supporting the growth of the private sector by improving the business environment, aiding SMEs, and protecting property rights. The piece also pushes for the creation of world-class enterprises by improving corporate governance and fostering entrepreneurship. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in this article.
Summary: The article emphasizes the importance of strengthening financial technology ethics to mitigate risks associated with AI and big data in the financial sector. It argues that ethical considerations should be integrated into technology design, product development, and risk control to prevent data breaches and algorithmic biases. The author calls for establishing unified ethical standards across financial institutions and technology companies, alongside robust regulatory frameworks that clarify responsibilities and promote transparency. Ultimately, the goal is to balance financial innovation with national financial security. There is no mention of the United States in this article.
Summary: This article emphasizes the importance of integrating education, science and technology, and talent development to achieve China's modernization goals and gain an advantage in global technological competition. It acknowledges existing disconnects between education, research, and practical application and calls for systemic reforms to address these issues through coordinated planning and strategic guidance. The author argues for optimizing resource allocation to facilitate the flow of innovation elements, and establishing contribution-oriented evaluation systems to guide development. The article concludes by underscoring the need for building platforms and ecosystems to foster collaborative innovation networks.
Summary: This article discusses the importance of the *Regulations on Ideological and Political Work of the Communist Party of China* and their implementation in Jiangsu Province. It emphasizes the necessity of using Xi Jinping Thought to unify thought and action, particularly in light of the complex development environment. The article underscores tailoring ideological work to different social groups and innovating methods to enhance its effectiveness. Finally, it calls for strengthening Party leadership and support for ideological and political work, including building a high-quality workforce. The United States is not mentioned.
Summary: Several new regulations came into effect on December 1, 2025, including measures to strengthen supervision of bulk liquid food transportation, a ban on "old standard" electric bicycles, and new rules for chain restaurant food safety. The regulations addressing chain restaurants aim to solve the problem of headquarters neglecting food safety management in their branch locations by establishing a risk control system. Hainan also implemented a new tourism regulation for its Free Trade Port, encouraging foreign investment and talent while prohibiting travel agencies from offering unreasonably low-priced tours. This regulation is meant to help Hainan build itself into an international tourist destination. The Hainan regulation aims to convert policy dividends into stable, transparent, and predictable regulations to accelerate the construction of Hainan as an international tourism and consumption center.
Summary: The 23rd International Teochew Convention was held in Chaozhou, Guangdong, from November 28-30, bringing together nearly 1800 representatives under the theme of "Common Roots, National Prosperity." The convention saw the launch of a "Teochew Business Directory," the initiation of a supply chain cooperation project ("Teochew Goods Go Abroad, Quality Products Enter Teochew"), and the opening of a "World Teochew History and Culture Exhibition Center." An initiative was launched to compile "Chronicles of Teochew Philanthropy" to systematically document and promote local charitable culture. The event also hosted a series of activities focusing on Teochew studies, business, youth, and expo.
Summary: Chongqing No.1 Vocational Technical College is developing a "3333" mechanism to cultivate high-quality skilled workers to support Chongqing's modern manufacturing clusters. This mechanism emphasizes integrating craftsman spirit into education, aligning curriculum with industry needs, and creating multiple pathways for student development through skills competitions and innovation projects. The college has achieved significant results, including national recognition and awards in international skills competitions. The college's experience has been adopted by other institutions and contributes to the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle. The article does not mention the United States.
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Summary: As of November 28th, the China-Europe Railway Express (CR Express) has operated over 120,000 trains, transporting goods valued at over $490 billion. The CR Express now operates 17 fixed-schedule routes, running over 1,000 trains annually, reducing transport times by 30% and increasing average cargo value by 41%. The railway operates through three main domestic corridors (West, Central, and East) and three international corridors (North, Central, and South), reaching 232 cities in 26 European countries. The CR Express has facilitated a 33-fold increase in cargo value transported between 2013 and 2024, now accounting for 8.5% of total China-Europe trade. China aims to work with other countries to explore new routes and form a diversified transportation network.
Summary: A scene-matching conference was held in Shenzhen's Baoan District, where Guangdong Province granted Baoan the title of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Application Scenario Innovation Center (Intelligent Manufacturing). The center will focus on leveraging technologies like AI and industrial internet to create new scenarios and promote intelligent manufacturing within the region. Over 760 enterprises participated in the conference, releasing over 500 scenario opportunities and capabilities, with more than 60 enterprises signing agreements. Baoan's strength lies in its large number of manufacturing enterprises and comprehensive transportation infrastructure.
Summary: The Bank of China (BOC) is supporting rural revitalization in Xianyang's "North Four Counties" through financial investments and infrastructure development. BOC has provided loans and financial support for projects ranging from egg production to traditional Chinese medicine industrial parks. These investments aim to stimulate local economies and increase farmers' incomes. BOC has also helped local businesses expand sales, including internationally. The bank has been involved in building local infrastructure, such as museums and e-commerce centers.
Summary: In the first ten months of 2023, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei comprehensive bonded zones saw a 7.7% year-on-year increase in imports and exports, totaling 397.61 billion yuan, with exports growing by 20.3%. The Xiongan comprehensive bonded zone saw imports and exports of 39.62 billion yuan. Customs authorities will support efficient operations at the Xiongan zone, including streamlined export and import processes. Efforts are underway to link Xiongan's land port with hubs like Tianjin Port and Daxing Airport, creating the "Xiongan International Port" platform.
Summary: Qinglong county in Hebei province, known as the "Home of Jingdong Chestnuts," has revitalized its chestnut industry through technological innovation, branding, and industry integration, increasing annual output value to over 1.6 billion yuan. The county has focused on improving chestnut varieties, cultivation techniques, and developing over a hundred products, including noodles, wine and tea. Qinglong promotes its chestnuts through e-commerce and branding initiatives, including exports to Japan and South Korea exceeding $5 million annually. The county is also integrating chestnut cultivation with tourism, aiming for year-round attractions and increased income for locals. Qinglong's experience is framed as a model for common prosperity in northern mountainous regions.
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Summary: The Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange (ZCE) has developed a comprehensive risk management system for the polyester industry, starting with PTA futures in 2006 and expanding to include short fiber, PX, and PET bottle chip futures and options. These futures contracts have become benchmarks for spot pricing and risk management tools, allowing companies to stabilize operations and enhance international competitiveness. ZCE has also taken steps to internationalize its polyester futures, including opening PTA futures to foreign traders in 2018 and allowing QFII and RQFII participation in multiple polyester futures and options contracts since 2022. These efforts have helped establish "China prices" that are increasingly recognized globally, influencing international trade and pricing for polyester products. ZCE has signed memorandum with several foreign exchanges including the Chicago Mercantile Exchange.
Summary: The "2025 Salute to Doctors Ceremony," hosted by the Global Times and other media outlets, honored 287 outstanding medical professionals and 11 medical teams. Award recipients, including 95-year-old Wang Naiqian and nearly 80-year-old Yang Wenying, emphasized dedication to patients and continuing contributions to healthcare. Wang Jian'an, rotating chairman of the award selection committee, highlighted the importance of professional dedication and humanistic care in medicine, while Zhan Qimin, the next rotating chairman, stressed the need to remember those dedicated to their work. The event aimed to promote respect for doctors and encourage medical workers to remain committed to their profession. The article makes no mention of the United States or US-China relations.
Summary: The article reports on the development of "15-minute community life circles" (一刻钟便民生活圈) in Xiamen, Fujian province, focusing on the Lianxing community. Local officials have worked to integrate resources and services to make daily necessities and activities, such as shopping, healthcare, and recreation, accessible within a 15-minute walk for residents. Specific services provided include elder care, home services for the disabled, and regulated spaces for small-scale vendors. As of the time of writing, there were 61 such pilot communities in Xiamen. The article makes no mention of the United States.
Summary: Didi Chuxing's "station bus" service, a digital platform partnering with local transportation companies, is expanding across China, offering convenient intercity travel via customized bus routes. According to Didi executive Lu Haochen, this model leverages Didi's digital technology and passenger transport companies’ operational capabilities. These "station buses" provide online ticketing, designated pick-up points, and real-time tracking. By collaborating with Didi, traditional passenger transport companies can improve efficiency and adapt to changing travel habits.
Summary: This article advertises an all-in-one network device for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) featuring multiple WAN ports for network redundancy and uninterrupted service. A dedicated "Turbo acceleration port" is designed to ensure smooth point-of-sale (POS) transactions. The device boasts 3600Mbps Wi-Fi 7 for high-speed wireless connectivity. It leverages Huawei's Kunling technology to assist SMEs in upgrading their intelligent infrastructure.
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Summary: Guo Wenhai, Party Secretary of Zhongshan, emphasized the city's commitment to addressing severe water pollution through scientific, source-oriented, systematic, and comprehensive treatment methods. Over the past four years, Zhongshan has constructed 7,000 kilometers of sewage pipelines, added 1.02 million tons/day of sewage treatment capacity, and improved the city's water quality index by 55.8% since 2021. This has eliminated substandard Class V water quality in its main rivers, spurred over 50 billion yuan in "water economy" investments, and restored 18,000 acres of riverside space. Furthermore, the city has implemented integrated management of sewage treatment plants and pipe networks. Guo stated that the next step is to develop new industries along the main river channels and build a harmonious and beautiful Zhongshan.
Summary: The article highlights Xiaomi's commitment to technological innovation, particularly in chips, AI, and operating systems, exemplified by their independently developed 3nm mobile processor chip. Xiaomi's founder, Lei Jun, emphasized the company's significant R&D investment, including the development of AI-powered devices and the "Human-Car-Home full ecosystem". The article also emphasizes Xiaomi's intelligent manufacturing capabilities, showcasing its smart factories and contributions to upgrading its supply chains. Furthermore, the piece discusses Xiaomi's global expansion, noting its top-three smartphone market share in numerous regions and its efforts to establish a stronger brand presence through "new retail" strategies.
Summary: In 2025, the Chongqing Municipal Trade Union Council is focusing on high-quality and full employment by enhancing skills training, deepening regional cooperation with Sichuan, and supporting business incubation. They are utilizing the "Employee Home" platform to connect job seekers with over 11,000 companies and nearly 200,000 positions, aiming for precise matching of talent with employer needs, and have conducted over 200 on-site recruitment events. The Trade Union Council is also collaborating with universities and enterprises to create training programs and promote labor mobility between Chongqing and Sichuan. These efforts aim to stabilize employment, benefit the people, and promote development.
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Summary: The article discusses the advancements and increasing market for flexible display technologies, highlighting innovations in materials and design, like stretchable polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and LG's stretchable display prototypes. It outlines applications in various sectors, including smartphones, wearables, automotive displays, healthcare, and public advertising. The article further discusses the shift towards "intrinsic flexibility" in displays, which aims to improve durability and enable more personalized and adaptive interactions, requiring further research and development in materials and manufacturing. The United States is mentioned as the location of some research.
Summary: An international collaboration, the International Brain Laboratory, involving 12 neuroscience teams, published a study in *Nature* mapping high-resolution neural activity across the entire mouse brain during decision-making. The study revealed that decision-making involves a decentralized, whole-brain dynamic collaboration, with neural coding related to choices emerging nearly simultaneously across multiple brain regions. This suggests that cognitive functions like decision-making are not localized but rely on the interaction and integration of multiple neural nodes within milliseconds. The findings imply that neurological disorders could be caused by network imbalance, rather than damage to a single region, and that treatment could shift from "point repair" to "network regulation". The collaborative approach serves as a model for future international brain research.
Summary: The European Space Agency reports that the James Webb Space Telescope has detected a supermassive black hole actively growing in a galaxy formed approximately 570 million years after the Big Bang. Analysis of the CANUCS-LRD-z8.6 galaxy revealed a rapidly accreting black hole growing faster than expected. Spectral data indicates the galaxy is dense and in an early stage of evolution, exhibiting signs of high-energy radiation and rapid rotation around a central source, key features of a supermassive black hole. The black hole's mass is disproportionately large compared to the galaxy's stellar mass, suggesting black holes in the early universe grew much faster than their host galaxies. This discovery challenges the established correlation between black hole and galaxy size, potentially revolutionizing the study of galaxy and black hole formation.
Summary: A collaborative study by researchers at the University of Manchester and the Australian National University has yielded a novel single-molecule magnet capable of maintaining magnetic memory at 100 Kelvin, potentially enabling data storage densities over 100 times greater than current technologies. The new molecule uses a unique structure with an alkene chemical group acting as a "molecular pin" to stabilize a linear configuration of dysprosium and nitrogen atoms. Researchers are now focusing on proving the molecules' magnetic properties persist when deposited on solid surfaces and developing new reading and writing processes at the nanoscale. While not yet functional at room temperature, this development shows promise for application in large data centers. Other researchers, including a team at the University of Science and Technology of China, are also working on enhancing single-molecule magnet performance.
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Summary: State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co. is taking measures to ensure a reliable power supply throughout Shaanxi province during the winter. These measures include optimizing resource allocation, advancing key grid projects like the Hanzhong and Ankang substations, and improving equipment inspection and maintenance through combined human and machine patrols. The company is also focused on improving customer service via home visits and prioritizing power restoration before repairs. Finally, they are focused on emergency response capabilities through a multi-party cooperation mechanism.
Summary: The article discusses the cyclical nature of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, highlighting how it exacerbates regional power imbalances. Hamas's October 2023 attacks aimed to prevent the Palestinian issue from being marginalized, especially given the U.S.-brokered Abraham Accords. Israel's military response, while damaging to Hamas and the "resistance axis" led by Iran, has led to political and diplomatic setbacks, with growing international recognition of Palestinian statehood. The author argues the "two-state solution" is the only viable path to peace, but it is being undermined by Israeli settlement expansion and what the author characterizes as unconditional U.S. support for Israel. China supports the "two-state solution" and criticizes the U.S. for hindering UN Security Council resolutions that do not adhere to "Palestinian-led governance," reflecting differing perspectives on the conflict's resolution.
Summary: The article discusses the growing international recognition of Palestine as a state, with 158 of 193 UN members recognizing it as of September 2024. It highlights the U.S. as a primary obstacle to Palestinian UN membership due to its veto power in the Security Council. The author notes China's support for Palestinian statehood and its facilitation of reconciliation talks between Palestinian factions in Beijing, resulting in the signing of the Beijing Declaration. China views the "two-state solution" as the only realistic path forward and has consistently called for a ceasefire and an end to the conflict. The author positions China's efforts as a contrast to the U.S. obstruction and a contribution to international momentum towards a resolution.
Summary: This article presents a personal account from a 52-year-old Gazan mother who lost her home and son in the conflict. Her home was destroyed in August, and her eldest son Anas was killed in a bombing while trying to get food for his children. She recounts fleeing with her family, including a near-death experience when a bridge collapsed during their escape. The family is now displaced in Deir al-Balah, living in a tent and struggling to survive with limited resources. The article makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: This article discusses the relationship between "doing one's best" (尽力而为) and "acting according to one's capabilities" (量力而行) in the context of improving people's livelihoods and achieving common prosperity, particularly within the upcoming "15th Five-Year Plan." It argues that both concepts are essential for responsible governance, requiring officials to prioritize the people's needs through thorough investigation and realistic planning. The piece emphasizes the importance of a long-term perspective and consistent effort in addressing livelihood issues, advocating for sustainable and well-considered policies. It stresses that understanding the people's needs is essential to ensuring policies are effective and beneficial. The article does not directly mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses recent efforts by Chinese financial institutions to improve services for citizens, focusing on initiatives like simplifying inheritance procedures for small bank deposits (under 50,000 RMB), enhancing fraud prevention through AI-driven systems, and providing elderly care support programs. These measures include installing alert systems in homes of elderly individuals at risk and offering targeted insurance products. The aim is to address urgent public concerns, enhance financial security, and improve the overall quality of life for the population. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank (SRCB) is running a public service project called "Heart Home" that offers free classes to seniors on topics such as avoiding online scams involving AI-generated videos. SRCB's initiative includes over 1,000 service stations and 120 teaching points, aiming to integrate financial services into community life and contribute to Shanghai's "people's city" construction. According to SRCB Chairman Xu Li, the bank launched the project to better serve the people and empower social governance, finding new opportunities and expanding markets while addressing social issues. The project reflects SRCB's broader commitment to serving the elderly population in Shanghai, which is facing an aging society. No mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations was made in the article.
Summary: China's Ministry of Finance and State Taxation Administration jointly issued an announcement clarifying the execution standards of resource tax policies, effective December 1, 2025. The announcement addresses nine aspects, including tax exemptions, applicable tax categories, taxable bases, and definitions for strategic resources like coal and rare earths. It aims to eliminate regional discrepancies in resource tax law enforcement and reduce disputes by providing clearer guidance for tax authorities and taxpayers. The announcement further clarifies the definitions of certain taxable resources like raw coal, processed coal, salt byproducts, and light versus heavy rare earth ores. This standardization seeks to avoid disagreements caused by differing interpretations of the policies.
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Summary: The article reports on the rapid development of commercial aerospace in Hainan, highlighting the construction and operation of the Hainan Commercial Space Launch Site, which achieved its seventh successful launch on November 10, 2025, sending a group of satellites into orbit. The launch site emphasizes cost-effectiveness and efficiency through technological innovations like "three-horizontal" testing and launch modes, significantly reducing preparation time. Hainan is fostering a comprehensive industrial ecosystem, aiming for a closed-loop system integrating rocket manufacturing, satellite production, and data applications, with over 700 aerospace companies now based in the Wenchang International Aerospace City. The region leverages its geographic advantages, favorable policies, and emerging industry to promote "aerospace+" tourism and other sectors, contributing to China's ambitions as a space power. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The upcoming 15th National Games of China, co-hosted by Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macau, showcases the Greater Bay Area's collaborative innovation and resource sharing. The Games highlight China's technological advancements, including deep-sea energy sourcing and AI-driven event technologies. These innovations are facilitated by China's ability to mobilize resources nationwide and leverage its vast market to rapidly test and deploy new technologies. The event demonstrates China's focus on developing new productive forces and achieving technological self-reliance.
Summary: A recent report, the "International Science and Technology Innovation Center Index 2025," indicates that Chinese cities are strengthening their global innovation position. Beijing ranked among the top three cities globally for the fourth consecutive year, with the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area rising to fourth and Shanghai in tenth. The report, jointly compiled by Tsinghua University and Nature Research, evaluated 113 cities using 30 indicators. Separately, the 2025 International AI Scientists Conference was held in Beijing, co-hosted by U.S. Chicago University, to discuss the evolution of AI in scientific research. Finally, a large model safety assessment system has been launched to promote the safe development of artificial intelligence.
Summary: A research team at Zhejiang University, led by Professor Li Peiliang, successfully navigated their "Xintianweng" (Albatross) unmanned sailing vessel through the eye of Typhoon "Butterfly" and later Typhoon "Wipa," collecting crucial data on typhoon structure and behavior. This marks the first successful marine atmospheric interface observation within a typhoon eye by a Chinese unmanned vessel, which provides first-hand information to improve typhoon forecasting. The vessel's design, inspired by the orca, reduces drag and has undergone extensive testing and modifications over three years to withstand extreme conditions. The team is now developing a third-generation "Xintianweng" with enhanced capabilities for long-distance voyages and potential underwater operations, aiming for global navigation and deep-sea exploration. The team is preparing to challenge the navigation and transfer in the harsh sea conditions from Guangdong to Hainan.
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Summary: The author reflects on the importance of ecological literature in highlighting harmonious relationships between humans and nature through detailed observations. Examples include farmers protecting birds' nests in rice fields, a man delaying driving to allow birds to hatch, and a swimmer coexisting with river wildlife. A construction project was halted to protect swallow nests, and a wetland park was built to preserve their habitat. The author emphasizes that sustainable development and ecological civilization are crucial, aligning with the pursuit of a "beautiful China" characterized by greenery, beauty, happiness, and well-being. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article critiques the overuse of hyperbolic praise, specifically the term "goddess," in Chinese online discourse. The author argues that the casual application of such titles to actresses and internet celebrities diminishes the value of genuine achievement and obscures deeper analysis of their qualities. This trend, driven by the pursuit of "click economy," overshadows truly deserving figures like scientists and artists. The author suggests this inflated language reflects a lack of critical thinking and promotes superficial admiration over substantive discussion. The article concludes with a hope for more objective and meaningful language use online.
Summary: A village's once-abandoned opera stage ("戏台") is revitalized by a local who returns to his hometown after working in cultural planning, spurred by a government call. He rallies the elderly villagers, some of whom had considered moving to the city, to restore the stage as a symbol of their community. The restored stage hosts performances by professional troupes and amateur villagers alike, attracting both returning middle-aged individuals and young students. The opera stage revives the village's cultural life and fills the emotional void left by years of decline, revitalizing the sense of community. The story does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article describes the oil painting "Morning Snow" by Han Jingsheng, which is in the collection of the National Art Museum of China. The summary focuses on the piece's provenance. There is no report of statements or actions by any official, nor any allusion to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: This article describes the process, consumption, and cultural significance of oyster cakes (海蛎饼) in Mabizhen, Lianjiang County, Fujian. The oyster cake is a local delicacy made with rice and soybeans, filled with oysters, radish, and herbs, and deep-fried. It is often consumed as breakfast or a snack, and served at celebrations. It represents both a cultural symbol and an emotional connection to home for the people of Mabizhen, even reaching overseas Chinese students abroad.
Summary: This article profiles Yin Hucheng, an ethnic Korean "mushroom elder" from the Changbai Mountains, and his relationship with matsutake mushrooms. Yin Hucheng, despite his lack of formal education, possessed an exceptional intuition for finding matsutake. He initially became wealthy by harvesting matsutake, but realized he was depleting the resource and began leaving some mushrooms to mature and spread spores. Years later, his grandson discovered an exceptionally large matsutake, signifying the forest's reward for Yin Hucheng's conservation efforts.
Summary: The author reflects on observing the Suzhou Creek in Shanghai from their apartment, noting its transformation from a working river to a site of tourism and modern development. The river's changing landscape, with old warehouses juxtaposed against new glass buildings, embodies Shanghai's unique blend of past and present. Unlike Beijing's centralized and historically grounded identity, Shanghai embraces a fluid, ever-evolving cultural identity, constantly mixing old and new. The author concludes that finding a place in Shanghai means accepting this layered reality and recognizing one's own transformation within it. The river reflects both the old and the new, symbolizing the continuous flow of time and change in the city.
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Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, November 30th. The 23rd issue of "Qiushi" magazine, to be published on December 1st, will feature an important article by Xi Jinping (习近平), General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, titled "Promoting the Party's Self-Revolution Requires Achieving 'Five Further Advancements'."
The article emphasizes that self-revolution is the second answer our Party has found to break free from the historical cycle of rise and fall. Starting with improving work style to advance comprehensive and strict Party governance is an important experience of the Party's self-revolution in the new era. Regarding the Party's self-revolution, the ideas and requirements are clear; the key lies in ensuring that implementation is truly in place.
The article points out that the understanding of the Party's self-revolution must be further in place. Currently, our Party shoulders the extremely arduous task of building Chinese-style modernization and faces an exceptionally complex governance environment. The string of self-revolution must be tightened even further. Our Party's self-revolution, turning the blade inward, eliminating the turbid and promoting the clear, and scraping the bone to remove poison, will not only not affect the Party's image and prestige but will instead enhance the Party's image and prestige; not only will it not dampen the enthusiasm of Party members and cadres but will instead mobilize the enthusiasm of Party members and cadres more broadly and fully; not only will it not affect economic and social development but will instead provide a strong political guarantee for high-quality development.
The article points out that Party members and cadres must further enhance their Party spirit. To advance self-revolution, we must strengthen the foundation and cultivate the source, and enhance Party spirit. The focus is on strengthening ideals and beliefs, forging loyalty to the Party, fostering a people-centered sentiment, purifying moral character, and maintaining integrity. We must strengthen theoretical arming and adhere to the spiritual pursuit of communists. Actively participate in the practice of Chinese-style modernization, temper our striving life in doing practical work and starting businesses, and sublimate our moral realm in creating benefits for the people. Actively participate in Party political life and be willing to accept Party organization education and supervision from all aspects. Conduct self-examination by comparing ourselves with positive and negative examples, and ensure that there are no reckless actions from within by ensuring that there are no reckless thoughts within. In selecting and using people, we must strengthen the identification of Party spirit and pay attention to examining the cadre's realm, pattern, loyalty, and integrity.
The article points out that the standardized operation of power must be further in place. "Four forms of formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance (四风)" mostly originate from privileged thinking, and the prominent manifestation of corruption is the use of power for personal gain. The Party's self-revolution focuses on governing power. Through continuous efforts, we must truly confine power to the cage of the system, effectively avoid "**牛栏关猫**" (niú lán guān māo - "using a cattle fence to keep out a cat," a loophole in the system) and "**纸笼禁虎**" (zhǐ lóng jìn hǔ - "using a paper cage to confine a tiger," ineffective restrictions), and minimize the space for rent-seeking. Party members and cadres must always remember that all our power is given by the people and must be exercised correctly and be responsible to the people. The Party does not allow the existence of privileged thinking or privileged phenomena, and even more does not allow the emergence of interest groups, powerful groups, or privileged classes. From the day we join the Party and become cadres, we must be in awe of the people, the organization, and the law.
The article points out that strict supervision and discipline enforcement must be further in place. Strict supervision and discipline enforcement are the sharp weapons of the Party's self-revolution. Disciplinary and legal violations must be resolutely dealt with, and decisive measures must not be lacking. In strict supervision, we must combine Party internal supervision with people's supervision and promote the coordination and connection of various types of supervision. In strict discipline enforcement, we must strictly adhere to standards, transform the rigid requirements of Party conduct and discipline into rigid measures, let iron rules grow iron teeth, expose and crack down on unhealthy tendencies and corruption phenomena as soon as they appear, send a signal to the entire Party that strictness will be carried out to the end and no concessions will be made, and form an effective deterrent effect.
The article points out that the implementation of the responsibility for governing the Party in a strict manner must be further in place. Grasping Party building is one's job, not grasping Party building is dereliction of duty, and not grasping Party building well is incompetence. The responsibility for governing the Party in a strict manner includes the main responsibility, the supervisory responsibility, the responsibility of the primary responsible person, and "**一岗双责**" (yī gǎng shuāng zé - "one position, two responsibilities," the responsibility of Party members to fulfill their duties in both their professional role and their role as a Party member), etc. These constitute a complete chain of responsibility, and each responsibility is very important and must be strictly implemented. Leading cadres at all levels must resolutely shoulder the responsibility for governing the Party in a strict manner, transmit pressure layer by layer, and effectively create a strict atmosphere and establish a correct atmosphere.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王 珂 齐志明 王云杉
A strong domestic market is the strategic support for Chinese-style modernization.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "At present and for a period to come, we must adhere to strengthening the domestic circulation, accelerate the formation of a strong domestic economic circulation system, and use the stability of the domestic circulation to hedge against the uncertainty of the international circulation."
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal states: "Adhere to expanding domestic demand as a strategic base point, adhere to closely combining benefiting people's livelihoods and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, using new demand to lead new supply, using new supply to create new demand, promoting virtuous interaction between consumption and investment, supply and demand, and enhancing the endogenous power and reliability of the domestic circulation."
Looking to the future, it is necessary to thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions and the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, focus on building a strong domestic market, expand international cooperation space in expanding opening up, respond to new changes, shape new advantages, and achieve new breakthroughs by accelerating the construction of a new development pattern, and comprehensively promote Chinese-style modernization with high-quality economic development.
Accelerating the construction of a new development pattern is related to the overall situation of China's development.
Looking back, drawing strength.
In April 2020, at the seventh meeting of the 19th Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) first proposed the strategic concept of building a new development pattern.
The development achievements since the "14th Five-Year Plan" demonstrate the strategic foresight of this preemptive move.
Steadily ranking as the world's second largest consumer market and the world's largest online retail market, the average contribution rate of domestic demand to economic growth reached 86.4% from 2021 to 2024; the scale of trade in goods steadily ranks first in the world, and the total import and export volume of goods increased from 32.2 trillion yuan in 2020 to 43.8 trillion yuan in 2024, with an average annual increase of 8.0%.
China is accelerating the construction of a new development pattern, the main position of domestic circulation is constantly consolidated, the spatial layout is gradually optimized, the quality of domestic and international dual circulation is steadily improved, the foundation of economic development is more solid, and safety and stability are further enhanced, showing strong vitality, resilience, and potential.
Looking forward, firm belief.
During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, China's development environment faces profound and complex changes, and China's development is in a period where strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertain and unpredictable factors increase. The more severe and complex the external environment, the more necessary it is to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and firmly grasp the initiative of development.
To accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, it is necessary to take domestic circulation as the main body and build a strong domestic market.
The characteristics of a major country's economy are that domestic demand is dominant and internal circulation is possible.
As the world's second largest economy, the world's largest manufacturing country, and the world's largest country in trade in goods, it is difficult for China to participate in the international economic cycle for a long time through the "two ends outside" model of markets and resources. In an unstable and uncertain external environment, it is necessary to rely on a strong domestic market to achieve internal circulation, so as to enhance the resilience of economic development, ensure the basic normal operation of the economy and the stability of the overall social situation in extreme cases, and firmly grasp the destiny and dominance of national development and progress in our own hands.
To accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, it is necessary to better connect the domestic market and the international market, and better utilize the two markets and two resources, both domestic and international.
From November 5th to 10th, the 8th China International Import Expo (CIIE) was held in Shanghai (上海). 155 countries, regions, and international organizations participated, with more than 4,100 overseas companies exhibiting, and the overall exhibition area exceeded 430,000 square meters, setting a new record in scale... The increasingly successful CIIE demonstrates the vigorous vitality of China's super-large-scale market and witnesses China's vivid practice of developing itself and benefiting the world in high-level opening up.
To accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, the key lies in simultaneously exerting efforts on both the supply and demand sides, coordinating and cooperating, and continuously improving the quality and efficiency of the economic cycle.
Holding a cup of hot tea, hanging an embroidered sachet... The intangible cultural heritage skills passed down for thousands of years are accelerating into people's daily lives. Nowadays, people are no longer limited to the use value of the goods themselves, but pay more attention to the emotional value brought by their cultural attributes. This year, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism launched a series of "Intangible Cultural Heritage Good Things · National潮 Renewal" quarterly intangible cultural heritage shopping month activities, promoting the deep integration of intangible cultural heritage into modern life by increasing high-quality supply and innovating consumption scenarios.
Building a new development pattern starts from unblocking the cycle and organically combines the strategy of expanding domestic demand with deepening supply-side structural reform, forming a higher-level dynamic balance of demand driving supply and supply creating demand.
The advantages of accelerating the construction of a new development pattern are constantly enhanced.
Exquisite works of art, dreamlike art images, thought-provoking art installations... Not long ago, the "NAFI2025 Nanjing International Art Season" exhibition held at the Sifang Art Lake District Art Museum in Pukou District (浦口区), Nanjing (南京) City, Jiangsu Province (江苏省) was very popular, attracting many art lovers to appreciate it.
"In nearly two months, we have received nearly 100,000 visitors, sold nearly 10 million yuan worth of works, and the income from tickets and cultural and creative products has reached a record high," said the relevant person in charge of the event.
To accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, it is necessary to correctly grasp the situation and recognize the development advantages.
From vigorously boosting consumption to improving investment efficiency, from enhancing the ability of scientific and technological self-reliance to promoting the construction of a unified national market in depth, from optimizing the consumption environment to innovating consumption scenarios... In recent years, all regions and departments have continuously improved their ideological understanding, continuously consolidated their work foundation, and gradually improved their policies and systems, laying a solid advantage for accelerating the construction of a new development pattern.
The endogenous power of domestic circulation is becoming increasingly strong.
In the small courtyard of Datian Village (大田村), Wuping Town (五陂镇), Anyuan District (安源区), Pingxiang City (萍乡市), Jiangxi Province (江西省), a two-story building exudes the aroma of coffee. The coffee shop, which was transformed from idle farmhouses, has become a choice for many tourists to relax. The Qushanye Huaxi Camp, built by Anyuan District (安源区) relying on the natural scenery of the Shili Huaxi (十里花溪), enriches the multi-dimensional consumption experience of "eating, drinking, playing, enjoying, and shopping" through parent-child handcrafting and stove-side tea brewing activities.
"We will continue to strengthen policy guidance, scenario innovation, and business integration, and promote the upgrading of consumption patterns to multi-dimensional integration of agriculture, culture, tourism, sports, and commerce by deepening the development model of 'agriculture as the foundation, cultural tourism as the attraction, sports as the empowerment, and commercial realization'," said the relevant person in charge of Anyuan District (安源区).
In recent years, China's consumption potential has continued to be released, and effective investment has continued to expand. From 2021 to 2024, the average contribution rate of final consumption to economic growth reached 56.2%; the average contribution rate of capital formation accumulated by investment to economic growth was 30.2%. The level of dynamic balance between supply and demand has continued to improve, driving the continuous release of investment potential and consumption vitality.
The ability of scientific and technological self-reliance has been greatly improved.
The "artificial sun" has repeatedly set records, laying a solid foundation for the development of nuclear fusion energy; the Hongmeng (鸿蒙) computer has been launched, and China has a computer operating system that is autonomous and controllable from the kernel layer; humanoid robots such as "Tiangong (天工)" and "Yushu (宇树)" are accelerating iteration, showing considerable prospects in the fields of industrial manufacturing and commercial services... Scientific and technological achievements continue to emerge, new quality productive forces are accelerating cultivation, and major breakthroughs are injecting strong momentum into high-quality economic and social development.
Scientific and technological innovation can spawn new industries, new models, and new driving forces. China's comprehensive innovation capability has been significantly enhanced. In 2024, the total R&D expenditure of the whole society reached 3.61 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world. In 2025, China jumped to tenth place in the Global Innovation Index ranking. Scientific and technological innovation leads the intelligent upgrade. In the first three quarters of this year, the added value of China's high-tech manufacturing industry above designated size increased by 9.6% year-on-year, and the added value of information transmission, software and information technology service industry increased by 11.2% year-on-year.
Steadily promote high-level opening up.
Since the beginning of this year, there has been a clear trend in the layout of foreign investment in China: more and more multinational companies are increasing their R&D investment in China, and the pace of establishing R&D centers is accelerating. According to statistics, as of September this year, the cumulative number of foreign-funded R&D centers in Shanghai (上海) reached 631; as of January this year, the number of foreign-funded R&D centers in Beijing (北京) reached 221... Foreign-funded enterprises are investing or increasing their R&D in China, not only because they are optimistic about China's investment environment, but also because they value China's innovation environment.
A set of data marks the new achievements of high-level opening up: the scale of trade in goods increased from 32.2 trillion yuan in 2020 to about 43.9 trillion yuan in 2024, and more high-tech new products such as electric vehicles, 3D printers, and industrial robots are accelerating to go overseas. The quality of foreign investment utilization has continued to improve. In the first 10 months of 2025, 53,782 new foreign-invested enterprises were established nationwide, an increase of 14.7% year-on-year. The high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" has been deepened and solid, the "hard connectivity" of infrastructure has continued to expand, the "soft connectivity" of rules and standards has become smoother, major landmark projects have been steadily promoted, and "small but beautiful" livelihood projects are widely welcomed.
Fully implement the strategic deployment of accelerating the construction of a new development pattern.
Building a new development pattern is a systematic project, which requires both "grasping its essentials at the top" to strengthen strategic planning and top-level design, and "dividing its details at the bottom" to grasp the focus of work.
In today's world, the scarcest resource is the market. A strong domestic market is the strategic support for Chinese-style modernization. "The '15th Five-Year Plan' proposal proposes to adhere to expanding domestic demand as a strategic base point and deploys three key tasks. To grasp the implementation, it is necessary to grasp the three keys of 'expanding increments, improving efficiency, and unblocking circulation'," said Zheng Shanjie (郑栅洁), Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Director of the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委).
Expanding increments——
On August 26, with the first test train No. 55402 departing from Yichang North Station (宜昌北站), the Wuhan (武汉) to Yichang (宜昌) section of the Shanghai-Chongqing-Rong High-speed Railway officially entered the final stage before opening - the trial operation stage; on September 26, the first-layer excavation of the diversion tunnel of the Gu Xian (古贤) Water Conservancy Hub Project on the Yellow River (黄河), an important node project of the national water network, achieved full-line connection, taking a key step towards the interception target; on October 13, the Huadian Jinshang Yebatan (华电金上叶巴滩) Hydropower Station successfully closed its gates for water storage, and China's highest concrete arch dam power station under construction officially entered the sprint stage for the first batch of units to be put into production and power generation...
"Focusing on major projects required by national strategies and industries, its investment not only generates immediate pulling effects, but also contains huge long-term development potential, which is an important starting point for expanding effective investment," said Zhang Linshan (张林山), a researcher at the Macroeconomic Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委). China has both space and potential to expand domestic demand. It is necessary to adhere to closely combining benefiting people's livelihoods and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, deeply implement special actions to boost consumption, maintain reasonable investment growth, expand domestic demand in all directions, and promote China's economy to continue to move upward and improve.
Improving efficiency——
"It used to be difficult to go downstairs, and I could only 'listen to the sound' outside the window. Now that the elevator is installed, I can go downstairs for a walk every day," said Ding Zidong (丁滋冬), a resident of Xianghu Jiayuan (湘湖家园), Chengxiang Street (城厢街道), Xiaoshan District (萧山区), Hangzhou (杭州) City, Zhejiang Province (浙江省), who is over ninety years old.
Small elevators have great significance for people's livelihoods. China's annual scale of fixed asset investment has reached 50 trillion yuan, but the tasks of benefiting people's livelihoods, making up for shortcomings, and cultivating kinetic energy are still very heavy. It is necessary to better use "money" in the key areas of development and spend it on the lives of the masses. Optimizing the structure of government investment, increasing the proportion of government investment in people's livelihoods, coordinating the use of various types of government investment, and strengthening the whole-process management of government investment will better play the leverage role of government investment and continuously enhance the comprehensive benefits of investment.
Unblocking circulation——
Anhui (安徽) optimizes the market access environment for unmanned aerial vehicle operations, Hainan (海南) simplifies the market access approval process for the commercial aerospace field, and Yunnan (云南) conducts in-depth market access effectiveness assessments... The number of items on China's market access negative list has been reduced from 123 in the 2020 version to 106 in the 2025 version, and the "subtraction" of market access has been exchanged for the "addition" of market vitality.
Only with a unified large market can we unblock the large circulation. Policy measures that hinder the flow of market factors have been cleaned up, but there are still many blockages and bottlenecks. It is necessary to unify the basic system rules of the market, break down local protectionism and market segmentation, regulate the economic promotion behavior of local governments, unify market supervision and law enforcement, comprehensively rectify "involution" competition, and other measures to more powerfully and effectively eliminate various market barriers and fully release the dividends of China's super-large-scale market.
We must firmly grasp the key starting point of building a strong domestic market, unswervingly accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, both based on the domestic consolidation of the foundation of development, and open to the outside world to expand cooperation space, will be able to promote China's economy to continue to move forward on the track of high-quality development, provide a solid support for the comprehensive construction of a socialist modern country, and inject more certainty and positive energy into the world economic development.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 吴 焰 田 泓 巨云鹏
Returning to Caoxi Third Village (漕溪三村), where she had lived for more than 40 years, 68-year-old Gu Lanmei (顾兰妹) beamed with joy as she opened the door to her new home. What made her particularly satisfied was the new toilet installed in the bathroom.
With a light press of the toilet button, water flushed down with a whoosh. Gu Lanmei (顾兰妹) exclaimed, "Many people may not understand how much suffering there is without a bathroom at home. We carried chamber pots for most of our lives, so we know it best."
Recently, like Gu Lanmei (顾兰妹), Ji Changping (纪昌平) from the 729 Neighborhood, Cheng Jinxin (程金鑫) from Guizhou Road, Qiu Zonghe (裘宗河) from Changle Village, Zhang Zimei (张自妹) from Yanling Village... these Shanghai (上海) uncles and aunties have had new experiences in their lives.
In September of this year, 118 households in Block 8 of Huangpu District (黄浦区) who "carried chamber pots" completed their agreements and moved out one after another. With this, the Shanghai (上海) "carrying chamber pots" renovation task, spanning more than 30 years, has been generally completed.
Shanghai (上海) can finally say goodbye to carrying chamber pots on its path to modernization. Behind this lies great compassion and great attention to people's livelihood.
Taking the upgrading and renovation of old housing without sanitary facilities as a starting point, Shanghai (上海) has embarked on a path of urban renewal and improvement of people's livelihood in a megacity, interpreting the power of truth and practical strength of the people-centered urban development concept, and writing the Shanghai (上海) story of Chinese-style modernization.
"The Toughest Nut to Crack"
The small chamber pot is a microcosm of urban development history and also "the toughest nut to crack" in Shanghai's (上海) urban renewal.
In 1990, Leng Yuying (冷玉英) graduated from university and joined the then Shanghai Municipal Construction Commission (上海市建委), later serving as Deputy Director of the Shanghai Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Administration (上海市房屋管理局). For more than 30 years, she participated in the entire process of the "chamber pot battle."
To be precise, it should be "old district renovation." A large number of "old, small, dilapidated" houses lacked sanitary facilities. Shanghai (上海) people were accustomed to placing a chamber pot or spittoon in their homes and carrying it to the nearby night soil station every morning.
Leng Yuying's (冷玉英) eyes widened when she first saw the scene of "carrying chamber pots": Is this really Shanghai (上海)?
In 1990, the per capita living area in Shanghai (上海) was 6.6 square meters, and the rate of housing with private facilities was only 31.6%. In a tiny space, the whole family lived together, and toilets were either shared by several families or simply non-existent. The life scene of "carrying chamber pots through the alleyways" was filled with the hardships and helplessness of many Shanghai (上海) citizens.
Shen Xincheng (沈辛成), born in 1984, was most afraid of going to his grandparents' home in Xingfu Village (幸福村), Changning District (长宁区), when he was a child. The old-style alleyways were exquisite in appearance but had no toilets. A hand-carried wooden bucket "hid" in the corner of the stairs. "The whole family used one chamber pot, covered with a lid. But the smell, how could it be contained?"
Childhood memories are so deep. When studying for a doctorate abroad, Shen Xincheng (沈辛成) chose the history of water supply and drainage engineering in Shanghai (上海) as the topic of his dissertation.
"Behind the flush toilet lies the concept of urban governance, infrastructure configuration, upstream and downstream industries, and the lifestyle of citizens." After returning to China, Shen Xincheng (沈辛成) was hired by the Institute for the History of Science and Culture at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学) to continue comparative research on water supply and drainage engineering in various countries.
At the beginning of the 20th century, flush toilets began to enter the lives of Shanghai (上海) people. Where did the sewage produced by water toilets go? Because the cost of building a large sewage pipe network was very high, and it was impossible to demolish surface buildings and re-bury pipes, a mode of using both sewage pipe networks and septic tanks was adopted at that time.
"This 'two-part model' brought difficulties to Shanghai (上海) in winning the 'chamber pot battle' a century later." Shen Xincheng (沈辛成) said that for Shanghai (上海) to completely say goodbye to "carrying chamber pots," "the difficulty is world-class!"
"Chinese-Style Modernization, People's Livelihood is Paramount"
"Chinese-style modernization, people's livelihood is paramount."
In the 1990s, "owning one square meter (of toilet) of dignity" became the wish of countless Shanghai (上海) citizens.
"We cannot walk towards modernization carrying chamber pots" became the call and expectation of all sectors of Shanghai (上海). After the reform and opening up, Shanghai (上海) continued to work hard to solve housing difficulties and launched rounds of renovation and upgrading of old housing.
Leng Yuying (冷玉英) has two particularly profound feelings.
One is General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) concern and care for the renovation of old districts in Shanghai (上海).
While still working in Shanghai (上海), the renovation of old districts was a key livelihood project that Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) paid attention to. When conducting research at Chengxing Neighborhood Committee (承兴居委) in Huangpu District (黄浦区), Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) paid close attention to the kitchen renovation of shikumen lane houses that was underway here. He said, "Such small things and practical things do not seem so grand, not as wonderful as building a big building, but they benefit the masses. We must do such things one by one." "Kitchen renovation is relatively easy. I think the most difficult thing is to solve the toilet problem." After working in the central government, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) always cared about this and paid special attention to the progress of solving the "toilet" problem during several inspections in Shanghai (上海).
"The General Secretary's people-centered feelings moved us and made us feel a greater responsibility." Shanghai (上海) cadres made up their minds: We must never wait until Shanghai (上海) becomes the most advanced metropolis in the world before there is still a phenomenon of "carrying chamber pots." Things that benefit the masses, "we must find ways to solve them no matter how difficult they are."
The other is the continuous efforts of successive Shanghai Municipal Party Committees and Municipal Governments.
In solving the livelihood problem of toilet renovation, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have always adhered to the concept of "people's livelihood is paramount," persevering and making continuous efforts to promote urban renewal and improve the quality of people's lives step by step, allowing the concept of people-centered urban development to take root through these "key small things."
In the 1990s, Shanghai (上海) promoted the renovation of "365 dangerous and dilapidated houses" and the renovation of old housing with private facilities, benefiting approximately 680,000 households.
Entering the new century, Shanghai (上海) increased its efforts to renovate the contiguous secondary old-style lane houses in the central urban area. By July 2022, the renovation of contiguous secondary old-style lane houses in the central urban area was fully completed, benefiting approximately 960,000 households.
In 2023, aiming at the last 14,082 "carrying chamber pots" locations, Shanghai (上海) listed a timetable: complete the overall renovation in two years.
Huangpu District (黄浦区) is the central urban area with the heaviest, most difficult, and most challenging task of renovating old districts in the city. A detail made Lu Shunfeng (陆顺凤), Secretary of the Party General Branch of Longquan Residential District (龙泉居民区), Nanjing East Road Street (南京东路街道), feel the firm determination of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government.
The renovation of old houses on Guizhou Road (贵州路) was delayed until this year because the difficulty was too great. To renovate, we can only "draw households" - exchange the houses of some residents through agreements so that those who do not have the conditions to install flush toilets in their homes can have sanitary facilities in the space vacated by the "drawn households." One household corresponds to one compartment and one key.
The cost of "drawing households" is much higher than installing them in households. But in the end, 24 households were drawn, solving the problem of no sanitary facilities for 60 households. Lu Shunfeng (陆顺凤) said with emotion: "Only a people-centered city would spend so much money for the people."
In the past two years, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government have provided strong financial guarantees for the city's "carrying chamber pots" renovation and "two old and one village" renovation through the use of special bonds.
Is it worth spending so much money?
Yes!
"As long as there is still one household or even one person who has not solved the basic living problem, we cannot take it for granted." "Our city cannot have skyscrapers on one side and dirty and messy shantytowns on the other side"... General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech pointed out the direction for cadres and grassroots workers in Shanghai (上海) and provided fundamental guidance. They often say that these last people "carrying chamber pots" are the city's low-income groups and are mostly disadvantaged groups. We would rather lose economically than improve the quality of life of the people. This is not an economic account, but a socialist livelihood account, which is the value orientation of a people-centered city for the people.
By the end of 2024, the per capita living area in Shanghai (上海) will reach 19.0 square meters, nearly three times that of 1990; the rate of housing with private facilities will increase to 98.9%.
"The scale and intensity of Shanghai's (上海) shantytown renovation are rare among major cities in the world." Zhao Min (赵民), professor at the School of Architecture and Urban Planning of Tongji University (同济大学), said with emotion, "This is precisely the embodiment of the superiority of the socialist system and a vivid interpretation of the concept of a people-centered city."
"Properly Handle the Relationship Between 'Immediate Improvement' and 'Long-Term Establishment'"
The "chamber pot battle" is also a process of continuous improvement of urban renewal and urban governance from concept to practice.
"Properly handle the relationship between 'immediate improvement' and 'long-term establishment'" is the content that Shanghai (上海) focuses on grasping when promoting the "chamber pot battle." The relevant departments of the city and districts have always promoted this livelihood work in a long-term and overall plan, adhering to the principle of "doing our best and acting according to our capabilities."
In 2017, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government made a directional adjustment to the renovation of old districts, changing the previous "demolition, renovation, and retention combined, with demolition as the main focus" to "retention, renovation, and demolition combined, with retention and protection as the main focus"; in 2021, the "Shanghai Urban Renewal Regulations" were promulgated, clarifying that Shanghai's (上海) urban renewal is committed to enhancing the city's functions, creating a high-quality life, inheriting historical and cultural heritage, and improving the city's competitiveness and enhancing the city's soft power.
Changle Village (长乐邨), located at No. 39 South Shaanxi Road (陕西南路), has a history of nearly a century and is an excellent historical building in Shanghai (上海).
"Among the existing 426 households, more than half are elderly residents, many of whom are over 70 years old." Gong Jianqun (龚建群), Secretary of the Party General Branch of Jinjiang Residential District (锦江居民区), Ruijin Second Road Street (瑞金二路街道), introduced that in the process of carrying out the renovation of excellent historical residential buildings in Changle Village (长乐邨), improving the quality of life of residents and protecting historical buildings have become goals that need to be completed together.
In the rooms, 122 sanitary facilities were added, and 56 age-appropriate sanitary facilities were updated through relocation, division, and transfer. The decayed roofs and fragile and aging brick and wood structures were completely replaced and reinforced; outside the rooms, the original Mansard roofs, fish-scale walls, dormer windows and other architectural features were all preserved, and the waterproof function was improved on the basis of repairing the old as before.
After Jing'an District (静安区) took the lead in completing the contiguous old renovation in 2020, it continued to improve the surrounding facilities, install age-appropriate facilities, and establish a "15-minute living circle." "While providing convenience to the masses during the transition period of urban renewal and improving the community's sanitary environment, we are accumulating data and experience for future continuous renewal." said Li Qing (李卿), Director of the Jing'an District Housing Security and Housing Management Bureau (静安区住房保障和房屋管理局).
"Good Things Must Be Done Well, and Practical Things Must Be Done Solidly"
A people-centered city is built by the people and is for the people.
No. 101 Puyu East Road (普育东路) is located in Huangpu District (黄浦区) and is a typical "old, small, dilapidated" house in the center of Shanghai (上海). Through two rounds of consultation, it was demolished and rebuilt, and the installation of sanitary facilities and the renovation of houses were promoted simultaneously.
"Good things must be done well, and practical things must be done solidly." Pan Xinghua (潘兴华), Director of the Huangpu District Housing Security and Housing Management Bureau (黄浦区住房保障和房屋管理局), said, "In our work, we always keep in mind that renovation is for the residents, so we must rely on the residents, listen to the residents, and respect the wishes of the masses."
Respecting the wishes of the masses is reflected in the "one household, one plan" in the design.
The Architectural Design & Research Institute of Tongji University (同济大学建筑设计研究院) undertook the design work for the reconstruction of this house. Designer Wang Xingchi (汪星池) and his colleagues came here, set up a consultation desk, spread out the drawings, and discussed the design problems of the new house with the residents face to face.
"My son is big, and I want a bigger place to take a bath." "We have feelings for the old furniture, and we will move it back later and put it in the same place." "My mother is old, and I want to live closer to her after moving back so that it is convenient to take care of her"...
"It's completely different from new commercial housing. We have to design it household by household according to the residents' requirements." Every day from 8:30 in the morning until 11:00 late at night, Wang Xingchi (汪星池) and the residential district cadres worked here for three months, putting the design requirements of each household on paper and signing for confirmation.
The original 142 houses could not meet the construction needs. The street community respected the wishes of the masses, and 20 households "drew households" and moved out, freeing up renovation space. In the framed space structure, "moving around" according to the needs of the masses, the mirrors in the newly built house are round and square, the kitchen countertops are high and low, and the bathrooms are large and small. "One household, one plan" is full of warmth.
Respecting the wishes of the masses is reflected in listening to the voices of the people and respecting public opinion throughout the process.
Qishan Village (岐山村) in Changning District (长宁区) is an excellent historical building in Shanghai (上海). Many residents living here share sanitary facilities with their neighbors. When the renovation was started that year, it was necessary to repair the old as before, and not even a water pipe could be added to the exterior wall of the building.
"Then what are we renovating?" Zhu Weihong (朱卫红), Secretary of the Party General Branch of Qishan Residential District (岐山居民区), remembers that only 30% of the residents agreed at the first consultation meeting. Some people stood up and left on the spot when they heard the words "restrictions on historical protected buildings."
Zhu Weihong (朱卫红) once thought about giving up and told the district that it could not be renovated. But some residents came to her and talked about their experiences of sharing toilets, and they were about to cry as they talked, "If we don't renovate this time, when will we have to wait next time?"
"The urgent wishes of the residents pushed me forward." Zhu Weihong (朱卫红) said that in order to find out the mentality of the residents, she simply conducted a large-scale visit and investigation. The analysis found that the vast majority of those who were unwilling to renovate were residents who rented out their houses. Those who lived in them were still very eager to renovate.
Zhu Weihong (朱卫红) and the designers conducted research together and determined four renovation plans according to local conditions: First, divide the shared toilet into a private one; second, encourage residents to take out one square meter of indoor space to add a toilet; third, increase the toilet position to improve the efficiency of use; fourth, if the first three plans cannot be implemented, then improve the existing settings. Seeing that various plans were gradually being tried, the number of residents who agreed to the renovation increased from 30% to 70%.
Zhu Weihong (朱卫红) said that this is not only a renovation process, but also a process of comforting residents' moods and even facing residents' conflicts directly.
In the course of 7 months, more than 380 coordination meetings were held to discuss and solve the problems that the masses were concerned about one by one. Finally, 172 pilot renovations of sanitary facilities were completed according to the wishes of the residents, improving the living environment of 486 households.
"The divided toilets are all marked on the drawings, and the residents sign an agreement, and the residents, the neighborhood committee, and the property management each keep a copy. Only by doing solid work can we protect the rights and interests of all parties." This is the experience summarized by Zhu Weihong (朱卫红).
Respecting the wishes of the masses is also reflected in "being ready at any time." At present, there are still dozens of households in Shanghai (上海) who have not agreed to the renovation for various reasons. "As long as they have renovation needs, we will respond as soon as possible." said the relevant staff.
"Adapt to Local Conditions and Put in Enough 'Embroidery Effort'"
"We must make a big difference in a small space!" From grassroots party organizations to design and construction personnel to cadres and residents, all parties have put in enough "embroidery effort" to gather strength for the dream between square inches.
Courtyards, drying platforms, under the stairs... "For some who really don't have the conditions, we use the method of 'drawing households' to exchange residents' houses through agreements and free up space to renovate sanitary facilities." Ma Mingyu (马明玉), Chief of the Urban Renewal Section of the Huangpu District Housing Security and Housing Management Bureau (黄浦区住房保障和房屋管理局城市更新科), said that relying on "embroidery effort," a total of 24 households were exchanged through agreements in the Guizhou Road (贵州路) block. In June of this year, the renovation of no sanitary facilities was successfully completed.
In Caoxi Third Village (漕溪三村) in Xuhui District (徐汇区), two 3-story old houses house 172 households. Before the renovation, not only did the residents of the entire building need to "carry chamber pots" every day, but also 44 households had houses facing north and could not get sunlight all year round.
"We must not only solve the problem of sanitary facilities for the masses, but also allow more residents to have good lighting." Liu Xiaodi (刘小娣), Deputy Director of the Design Institute of Shanghai Tianhua Architecture Design Co., Ltd. (上海天华建筑设计有限公司), said that after repeated revisions, the design of demolition and reconstruction abandoned the north-facing houses, increased the east-west orientation, and eliminated the "dark rooms."
After the renovation of Caoxi Third Village (漕溪三村) was completed in September of this year, 70-year-old Yan Weiming (严伟明) was the first to move back. Originally living in a north-facing house, he now has a south-facing house. "The house was renovated without spending a penny. I spent more than 40,000 yuan to buy these cabinets, tables and chairs, and I was happy to spend it!" said Yan Weiming (严伟明).
"Overall planning, overall consideration, adapting to local conditions, and putting in enough 'embroidery effort'. According to the renovation block and housing conditions, 'one policy for one district and one plan for one project' is to ensure that the needs of the masses have the best solution." said Gao Shiyun (高世昀), Director of the Shanghai Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Administration (上海市房屋管理局).
"Overall planning, holistic consideration, adapting to local conditions, and putting in enough 'embroidered effort.' Based on the conditions of the renovated plots and houses, 'one policy per district, one plan per project' is aimed at ensuring that the needs of the people have the best solution," said Gao Shiyun (高世昀), Director of the Shanghai Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Management Committee.
For Shanghai's urban development, solving the "carrying night soil bucket" problem is an epitome of housing security and people's livelihood improvement.
After historically completing the renovation of large areas of Grade II old residential areas in 2022, from 2023 to the present, Shanghai has comprehensively completed the renovation of 380,000 square meters of houses below the scattered Grade II old residential areas in the central urban area, benefiting 13,000 households; completed the renovation of 850,000 square meters of non-supporting old houses such as small beam thin slab houses, benefiting 24,000 households; and accelerated the launch of 56 urban village renovation projects, benefiting 22,000 households, which significantly enhanced the sense of gain, happiness, and security of citizens in terms of housing.
The "Recommendations" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed: "Adhere to the connotative development of the city, vigorously implement urban renewal, and build a modern people's city that is innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and intelligent." To allow more citizens to feel the warmth of the city at their doorsteps and in the details, Shanghai is interpreting and practicing the concept of a people's city with a stronger awareness, more powerful actions, and new and greater achievements.
"We must keep in mind General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) earnest entrustment, do a better job in the work of megacities, focus on optimizing the urban spatial layout, strengthen urban development support, improve the quality of urban life, improve urban governance effectiveness, and promote the construction of a modern people's city to a new level," said Chen Jining (陈吉宁), Secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张 铁 乔 栋 方 敏
Originating from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, emerging from valleys, shaping plains, gathering hundreds of rivers, and flowing into the Bohai Sea, the Yellow River rushes for 5,464 kilometers, flowing through 9 provinces and autonomous regions, drawing a "几" (jǐ) shape.
The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier for China, as well as an important area for population activities and economic development, holding a pivotal strategic position in the overall national development and the overall situation of socialist modernization.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has traveled throughout the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River, focusing on the major national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, and has chaired three symposiums to deeply plan the future of the Mother River.
According to the grand blueprint drawn by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), the provinces and autonomous regions along the Yellow River are focusing on strengthening the ecological environment governance of the Yellow River Basin, optimizing water resource allocation, promoting high-quality development of the entire basin, and improving the lives of the people.
New achievements have been made in ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. In 2024, the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP and the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of industrial added value in the Yellow River Basin both decreased compared to 2023. In the first half of this year, the total import and export value of the 9 provinces and autonomous regions in the Yellow River Basin reached 3.12 trillion yuan, a record high for the same period in history, accounting for 14.3% of the country's total, a year-on-year increase of 8.2%, maintaining growth for 17 consecutive months.
"Jointly grasp major protection, and collaboratively promote major governance," the "Yellow River Chorus" of the new era is even more melodious and resounding.
Jointly Protecting the "Beauty of the Great River"
The beauty of the Yellow River condenses the beauty of China; the ecological changes of the Yellow River reflect the ecological changes of China.
Upstream, in the Yellow River Source Park of the Sanjiangyuan National Park, Jia Yangduojie (加羊多杰), the head of the ecological protection and management station in the Yellow River Township, Maduo County, Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, wrote down observation records of black-necked cranes in his patrol log. Under their protection, the local hatching rate of black-necked cranes has increased from 20% at the beginning of this century to over 95% this year.
In the middle reaches, at Swan Lake in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, "the number of large swans wintering here has increased from more than 8,000 ten years ago to more than 16,000," said Gao Ruyi (高如意), director of the Sanmenxia Swan Lake Bird Ringing Station of the National Bird Ringing Center.
Downstream, in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve in Dongying City, Shandong Province, 233 nests of Oriental white storks have hatched 536 chicks here since the beginning of this year, and the breeding number of black-headed gulls has remained stable at more than 10,000.
From plateau wetlands to plain tidal flats, birds are like "ecological litmus paper," measuring the lushness of vegetation, the clarity of water quality, and, more importantly, the effectiveness of "jointly grasping major protection" in the Yellow River region.
Where does the ecological change come from?
The Yellow River ecosystem is not only an organic whole, but also has differences in the upper, middle, and lower reaches. Only by adhering to systematic, holistic, and coordinated approaches, and promoting the construction of an ecological environment governance system that connects the upper and lower reaches, can the stability of the basin's ecosystem be improved.
Afforestation and revegetation is one example.
Located in the Kanbula World Geopark in Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, the mountains on both sides of the Yellow River, more than 3,000 meters high, are full of lush greenery. Cai Benjia (才本加), director of the Natural Resources and Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Jianzha County, Huangnan Prefecture, introduced that Jianzha County has newly planted more than 4,000 spruce saplings at the Wanligou afforestation and greening site in Kanbula Town this year, and the survival rate of Qinghai spruce planted in the surrounding area in the past three years has exceeded 90%.
Oil pine is widely used in the middle reaches of the Yellow River to control soil erosion. In Baidong Village Chejia Mountain in Hukou Town, Jixian County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province, the mountains are covered with greenery. "When I first came in 2013, the entire mountain was 'losing soil' whenever the wind blew," said Dou Quanzhong (窦全忠), director of the Jixian Forestry Development Center. Now, 93,400 mu of barren mountains have been transformed into green mountains.
In Dongying City, Shandong Province, at the mouth of the Yellow River, *Tamarix chinensis*, which originally grew in the upper and middle reaches, has taken deep roots in the saline-alkali land, standing shoulder to shoulder with reeds and *Suaeda salsa*, weaving a 100-kilometer-long "scenic corridor" on the Yellow River levee.
By adapting to local conditions and coordinating linkages, both highlighting their own beauty and sharing beauty together, various places along the Yellow River jointly protect the beauty of the great river, forming a pattern of major ecological protection and major coordination.
The implementation of the "Yellow River Protection Law of the People's Republic of China," the issuance of the "Outline of the Yellow River Basin Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development Plan," and the establishment of a "three-line and one-list" ecological environment zoning control system... A series of top-level designs have built the "four beams and eight pillars" for the protection and governance of the Yellow River.
The 3 provinces (autonomous regions) and 7 cities (prefectures) of Sichuan, Qinghai, and Tibet signed a joint prevention and control cooperation agreement to protect the living water at the source; on both sides of the Jinshan Grand Canyon, Shanxi and Shaanxi jointly built the Yellow River Guxian Water Conservancy Hub Project, and jointly carried out wetland protection and migratory bird passage restoration projects... During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the 9 provinces and autonomous regions along the Yellow River jointly carried out a series of actions such as river and lake ecological protection and governance, and supplementing shortcomings in urban environmental governance facilities, completing a cumulative afforestation of 200 million mu and restoring 231 million mu of degraded grassland.
The Loess Plateau has turned from yellow to green, the Yellow River water has turned from muddy to clear, and the nine-bend Yellow River has a new look—
Maowusu, Kubuqi, Tengger... One after another, sandy lands and deserts have been locked up. Planting grass squares and *Haloxylon ammodendron* trees, fixing the sandy soil bit by bit, now, a ring of green oasis forest and grass belt, more than 380 kilometers long and covering an area of 2.15 million mu, has completed the locking edge closed loop.
Mines, tidal flats, saline-alkali land... One after another, "scars" are being repaired. On the hillside east of Ciyaogou Village, Longquan Town, Shenchi County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, the demonstration project for ecological restoration of historical abandoned mines in the key ecological tackling area of the Yellow River "几" (jǐ) bend is accelerating its implementation. Wang Baixin (王百新), the relevant person in charge of the construction party, pointed to the mine pit being covered with soil and repaired and said: "In the past, this was an abandoned coal mining point with exposed mountain rocks, and in the future, a scene of lush greenery will reappear."
Sanjiangyuan, Wuliangsu Lake, Yellow River Delta... One after another, wetlands are becoming more beautiful. In Wuliangsu Lake, Inner Mongolia, Liu Wenbin (刘文斌), a former "second generation fisherman," is now a "sea protector." "In recent years, the ecological environment has become better and better, and the types and numbers of migratory birds have continued to increase."
Huangshui, Weihe, Fenhe... One after another, tributaries are becoming clearer. In Xining City, Qinghai Province, the proportion of Class III and above excellent water quality in the Xining section of the Huangshui River Basin reached 100%; in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, the banks of the Weihe River have become an ecological corridor for the city; in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, the 43-kilometer-long Fenhe River Park has formed a "green ribbon."
Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," the quality of the water ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin has continued to improve, the main stream has reached Class II water quality for three consecutive years, and the proportion of excellent water bodies in the basin has exceeded 90% for two consecutive years.
The Yellow River is beautiful, and it will be even more beautiful in the future.
Jointly Planning the "Governance of the Great River"
Governing the Yellow River, the emphasis is on protection, and it must be governed.
Today, the sediment transport of the Yellow River has decreased significantly, and the average annual increase in water flowing into the Bohai Sea is about 10%. It has been flowing continuously for 26 consecutive years, reappearing the scene of "flowing to the sea and never returning." What is the secret to the Yellow River governance in the new era?
"Grasp the relationship between the overall situation and the local situation, and enhance the awareness of a chess game," "Pay more attention to the systematic, holistic, and coordinated nature of protection and governance"... The password is hidden in the word "coordination."
To coordinate and promote major governance, one important relationship is "water and sand."
The "yellow" of the Yellow River lies in the lack of water and excess of sand, and the uncoordinated relationship between water and sand. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) thought thoroughly: "To ensure the long-term stability of the Yellow River, we must firmly grasp the 'nose' of regulating the relationship between water and sand."
To reduce sand, jointly "set up a defense line."
"The mountains are bare and the ditches are full of rocks." In Gaoxigou Village, Yinzhou Street, Mizhi County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, on the Loess Plateau, things have long changed. Planting trees on the mountains to cover them with green clothes, terracing the mountain slopes with waistbands, planting trees and grazing grass on the edges of the mounds, and planting *Caragana korshinskii* on steep slopes... Relay to manage mountains and rivers, the village's 40 mountain mounds and 21 ditch forks "do not let mud go down the mountain, and do not let floods out of the ditch."
Among the thousands of gullies, a series of China's original "sand locking methods" have not only sharply reduced the sediment transport of the Yellow River, but also contributed Chinese wisdom to global desertification prevention and control.
Net rope grass squares constitute a protective belt about 153 kilometers long and 10 to 38 kilometers wide, locking the edge of the Tengger Desert in Ningxia; adding loess and farm manure, and planting apple trees, 60% of the "wind turns into sand, water turns into mud" *pisolite* in Jungar Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia has been treated; overall planning of the original slope ditch, integrated design of fields, forests, water, and roads, Linfen City, Shanxi Province has afforested more than 50,000 mu of slope surfaces, greening the original surface...
The Hukou Waterfall in photographer Lü Guiming's (吕桂明) lens hides the most intuitive answer: more than ten years ago, the peach blossom flood was turbid and turbulent, but now the white waves are滔天 (tāo tiān - "surging to the sky," describes huge waves).
To save water, jointly "install faucets."
The Yellow River supports the water needs of 12% of the country's population and 17% of the country's cultivated land with 2% of the country's river runoff. The provinces and autonomous regions along the Yellow River have increased their exploration efforts and jointly written articles on water conservation.
Xie Jianping (谢建平), a water conservancy specialist in Ligang Town, Helan County, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, has calculated an account: "In the past three years, Ligang Town has saved a total of 13 million cubic meters of water, and also earned 330,000 yuan returned to farmers through water rights transactions." Behind this is the institutional innovation of "confirming water rights to the end-level canal system."
In the "smart brain" of the Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia, a 53-meter-long electronic screen wall实时 (shí shí - "real-time," happening immediately) jumps with data from 64,000 kilometers of irrigation and drainage ditches. Through the large-scale promotion of Yellow River drip irrigation, the agricultural water consumption in the irrigation area has decreased from 4.33 billion cubic meters in 2020 to 3.96 billion cubic meters in 2024. Behind this is the practical exploration of technology enabling water conservation.
From "how many mouths drink how much water" to "how much soup soaks how many steamed buns," various places along the Yellow River determine the city by water, determine the land by water, determine the people by water, and determine the production by water, and promote the conservation and intensive use of water resources.
To regulate water and sand, exert efforts to "clear the meridians."
On June 23, at the Xiaolangdi Water Conservancy Hub in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the sand discharge tunnel gate slowly opened, and a huge white "water dragon" gushed out. By July 10, 150 million cubic meters of ecological water was injected into the Yellow River Delta wetland, and 0.32 billion tons of sediment was sent into the sea.
"Since 2002, the Yellow River Basin has carried out 32 water and sediment regulation operations," said Lu Jun (鲁俊), deputy director of the Planning Research Institute of the Yellow River Survey Planning and Design Research Institute Co., Ltd. A total of 3.65 billion tons of sediment has been transported into the sea, and the average main channel of the Yellow River downstream has been lowered by 3.1 meters.
To coordinate and promote major governance, another important relationship is "point and line."
The "disease" of the Yellow River is manifested in the Yellow River, but the root is in the basin. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) required clarification: "Firmly establish the idea of 'one game of chess'."
"One water for common use," how to coordinate?
The Yellow River's available water allocation plan in 1987 determined the specific limits for each province and autonomous region. Now, if you have a surplus and I have a need, water rights can be bought and sold.
The Ningdong Energy and Chemical Base in Yinchuan City, Ningxia, is only 30 kilometers away from the Yellow River, but it once had no water available.
In November 2023, Ningxia purchased 15 million cubic meters of Yellow River water rights from Sichuan Province for 3 years for the production of the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Base. Water rights trading has taken a new path of using market mechanisms to solve water resource bottlenecks.
"One region for common prosperity," how to balance?
Section water quality and pollutant indicators affect the effectiveness of ecological compensation. In 2021, Shandong and Henan provinces signed the first horizontal ecological protection compensation agreement in the Yellow River Basin. Since then, the water quality entering Shandong from the Yellow River has always remained above Class II. By July of this year, Henan had received a cumulative ecological compensation of 250 million yuan from Shandong.
At present, Gansu has signed ecological protection compensation agreements with Ningxia, Sichuan, and Qinghai, and Ningxia has signed agreements with Inner Mongolia. A unified horizontal ecological protection compensation mechanism for the main stream of the Yellow River is also being established, promoting the formation of a good pattern of jointly protecting the ecology of the Yellow River.
From "water and sand regulation" to "basin co-governance," the governance of the great river is also a microcosm of China's governance. The Yellow River governance has achieved a historic transformation from passive to active, providing a Chinese example for the protection and governance of rivers in the world.
Jointly Promoting the "Wealth of the Great River"
The great river flows through the Gobi desert, deep valleys, fertile plains, cities, and villages. The Yellow River Basin is an important economic zone in China, with different ecological environments and different resource endowments. After holding the baseline of ecological protection, how should development be planned?
"The regions along the Yellow River should proceed from reality, be suitable for water if water is suitable, be suitable for mountains if mountains are suitable, be suitable for grain if grain is suitable, be suitable for agriculture if agriculture is suitable, be suitable for industry if industry is suitable, and be suitable for commerce if commerce is suitable, and actively explore new paths for high-quality development with regional characteristics," General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out the direction.
Ecological priority, green development, "green" is the background color.
Grain and meat production accounts for about 1/3 of the country's total, and coal reserves account for more than half of the country's total... As an important agricultural and animal husbandry production base and energy base, from green agriculture to green energy, the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is moving towards "green."
Mengzhou City, Henan Province, on the bank of the Yellow River. Zhang Hongde (张洪德), a villager in Hengshan Village, Chemical Town, lightly tapped his mobile phone, and the irrigation equipment in the high-standard farmland a few miles away started immediately. "The land is quenched, and it is guaranteed to be harvested in drought and flood, and it is no longer 'relying on the sky for harvest'!" High-standard farmland construction, promotion of high-quality grain varieties, pilot projects of green circular and efficient agriculture... The fields of the Huanghuaihai Plain, the Fenwei Plain, and the Hetao Irrigation Area are焕发 (huàn fā - "radiating," to emit) new green technology.
In the Yushen Industrial Park in Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, tank trucks full of dimethyl carbonate slowly drove out. This high-end chemical product for new energy vehicle batteries comes from the local upgrade focusing on "coal-to-chemical" - no longer digging coal and selling coal, burning coal to generate electricity, but converting coal into coal-to-oil and coal-based high-end chemical products. Today, Yulin is transforming into a demonstration zone for energy revolution innovation.
In addition to coal, oil, and gas, there are also wind, light, and water. In the Talatan Photovoltaic Industrial Park in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, photovoltaic panels are arranged in huge concentric circles, generating 18 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity every year, which is equivalent to the annual power generation of two nuclear power units; in Zhongwei City, Ningxia, wind turbines stand along the Yellow River, and the "Thousands of Townships and Villages Wind Power Action" is being carried out; the 1 million kilowatt offshore photovoltaic project in Dongying City, Shandong Province, is just like a blue field on the sea... The "energy basin" has a new look.
Adapting to local conditions and implementing policies according to different categories, "new" is the color.
How fast is it to produce a new energy vehicle offline? The answer from Baoji City, Shaanxi Province is: 90 seconds. At the Geely Automobile Shaanxi Baoji Manufacturing Base, more than 300 robots wave their arms, and an average of one new energy vehicle rolls off the production line every 90 seconds. Shaanxi continues to exert efforts in the new energy vehicle industry. In 2024, the output of new energy vehicles will be 1.198 million, ranking among the top in the country.
How heavy can a single wind power hub casting be? The answer from the wind power industry base in Huimin County, Binzhou City, Shandong Province is: 160 tons. "From mold design, sand box production to precision machining and coating anti-corrosion, the entire industrial chain is in the base," said Zhang Zhenqiang (张振强), deputy general manager of Shandong Guochuang Precision Machinery Co., Ltd., patting the outer shell of the casting. "The annual output of 300,000 tons of wind power castings, the scale and technical level are leading in the country."
Inner Mongolia is rising as a clean energy highland; Gansu is actively promoting new industrialization; Henan is moving towards high-end equipment manufacturing... An industrial revolution driven by technological innovation is蓬勃 (péng bó - "vigorous," flourishing) unfolding in the provinces and autonomous regions along the Yellow River.
People-oriented, people's livelihood first, "warm" is the true color.
In Hongde Village, Hongsibao Town, Hongsibao District, Wuzhong City, Ningxia, villagers are busy and smiling everywhere in the breeding base, production workshop, and fields.
Xichen Village, Lugang Township, Changyuan City, Henan Province, is a typical Yellow River滩区 (tān qū - "floodplain area," area prone to flooding). In the past, when the Yellow River flooded, "the house would be submerged when the water rose." Now, the road surface is hardened, the pipeline network is laid, and a sewage treatment station has been built.
In Yangmiao Community, Dongji Town, Kenli District, Dongying City, Shandong Province, rows of buildings are neatly arranged, and trees line both sides of the cement road. The Party and Mass Service Center, kindergarten, and health center are all available.
Three small villages reflect the scene of promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside along the Yellow River. In the past, people only sought the stability of the Yellow River, but now they have higher expectations: to live a better life.
*** ***
In 1939, the "Yellow River Chorus," born in the cave dwellings of Yan'an, melted musical types such as Shanxi folk songs, northern Shaanxi music, and boatmen's chants into one furnace, singing the strong voice of the times. Today, jointly grasping major protection, coordinating and promoting major governance, and promoting the comprehensive green transformation of development methods, the "Yellow River Chorus" of the new era is converging into the磅礴 (páng bó - "vigorous," magnificent) movement of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
(Reporters Wang Jintao (王锦涛), Qin Ruijie (秦瑞杰), Zhang Cheng (张枨), Gao Bing (高炳), Fu Mingli (付明丽), and Hou Linliang (侯琳良) participated in the writing of this report)
Return to TopAs of November 29, the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor (西部陆海新通道) has cumulatively transported over 5 million TEU (twenty-foot equivalent unit) containers, reaching 5.003 million TEU. Among these, over 1.3 million TEU were transported since the beginning of this year, reaching 1.308 million TEU, a year-on-year increase of 55.3%. In the first three quarters of this year, the western region's imports and exports via the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor (西部陆海新通道) reached 611.5 billion yuan, driving the growth of foreign trade in the western region by 3.4 percentage points.
The picture shows cargo ships loading and unloading containers at the Qinzhou Port (钦州港) wharf in Guangxi (广西) on November 29.
By Pang Geping (庞革平) of this newspaper and Zhang Ailin (张爱林) of Xinhua News Agency (新华社).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李建广 王 洲
What can you do in a space of 109 square millimeters?
"This integrates approximately 19 billion transistors, like building a skyscraper on a strand of hair," said Chen Wencong (陈文聪), Xiaomi Xuanjie product manager, as he gently held up the Xuanjie O1, Xiaomi's self-developed 3-nanometer mobile processor chip.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposals suggest: "Strengthening the principal position of enterprises in technological innovation" and "Encouraging enterprises to increase investment in basic research, and promoting the deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain."
Empowering high-quality development with technological innovation, from early sales model innovation and scenario innovation to today's unwavering promotion of independent innovation, Xiaomi Group's 15-year development path has witnessed the innovative power of enterprises climbing "high" and moving "new."
Anchoring Innovation: Consolidating a Solid Foundation for Upward Growth
In 2024, Xiaomi Group's R&D investment exceeded 24 billion yuan, and R&D investment is expected to exceed 200 billion yuan in the next 5 years; the total number of R&D personnel exceeds 24,000, accounting for nearly 50% of the company's total employees...
"Accumulating innovative power, we are persistently investing in underlying technologies, and have identified chips, artificial intelligence, and operating systems as the three major technology tracks for key investment," said Lei Jun (雷军), founder, chairman, and CEO of Xiaomi Group. At the same time, the Xiaomi artificial intelligence glasses he was wearing were recording in real time. Using voice commands to take pictures, translate, and search for information, many functions of this personal smart assistant rely on the capabilities of artificial intelligence large models.
"The deep integration of artificial intelligence and the physical world will have a profound impact on people's lives," said Wang Bin (王斌), director of Xiaomi Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. By driving underlying data through artificial intelligence, Xiaomi is working hard to achieve the "Human-Car-Home Full Ecosystem" integration of mobile phones, smart homes, and automobiles.
In the smart home exhibition hall of Xiaomi Science and Technology Park (小米科技园) in Haidian District (海淀区), Beijing (北京), through artificial intelligence, scene preferences such as "close windows on rainy days" and "adjust temperature before bed" can be saved, and users' comprehensive needs for temperature, light, and noise can be understood, and the experience can be continuously optimized through continuous interaction.
Rooting downwards, innovative flowers bear fruitful results. In the 15 years since its establishment, Xiaomi's smart home IoT platform has connected more than 1 billion devices; Xiaomi's mobile phone shipments have ranked among the top three in the global smartphone market for 21 consecutive quarters; and Xiaomi cars have delivered more than 500,000 vehicles.
The high-quality development of enterprises cannot be separated from the nourishment of innovative soil. Data shows that in 2024, China's total social R&D investment exceeded 3.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 48% compared with 2020, and the total number of R&D personnel ranks first in the world.
"Innovation determines the future," said Lei Jun (雷军). Xiaomi will adhere to the road of technological innovation, accelerate the cultivation and development of new quality productive forces, apply advanced technologies to various terminals, and enable consumers to enjoy the beautiful life brought by technology.
Focusing on Intelligent Manufacturing: Technological Innovation Leads Industrial Innovation
In Yizhuang (亦庄), Beijing (北京), an efficient production directed by intelligent manufacturing is underway in the die-casting workshop of the Xiaomi Automobile Factory.
Liquid alloy at a high temperature of 700 degrees Celsius is injected into the mold, and in just 2 minutes, a Xiaomi car rear floor die-casting part is produced.
"The 9100-ton integrated die-casting equipment reduces the number of component manufacturing processes by 80% and the production time by 45%," said Ji Guowei (季国伟), director of the Xiaomi Automobile Factory.
Technological empowerment not only increases production efficiency but also improves product quality.
More than 300 sensors in the large die-casting equipment can monitor temperature and pressure in real time, and automatically compensate for parameter fluctuations through algorithms. After production is completed, there is also a "defense line" - X-ray detection, "which is dozens of times faster than manual." said Ji Guowei (季国伟).
At present, Xiaomi has built three large-scale intelligent factories for automobiles, smart phones, and smart home appliances, and has created the Xiaomi Pengpai Intelligent Manufacturing Platform to realize the digital, informational management and intelligent production of factories.
Technological empowerment turns supply chains into "win-win chains." In recent years, Xiaomi has helped partners improve production efficiency, product quality, and operation management level by exporting technical standards, management systems, etc., and helped the industrial chain improve quality and upgrade.
"After importing the Xiaomi Pengpai Intelligent Manufacturing Platform, quality, delivery, and efficiency are visible in real time on the platform." Jin Xin (金鑫), general manager of Jiangsu Shuanglu Shangling Refrigerator Factory (江苏双鹿上菱冰箱工厂), was overjoyed after introducing this system. "Not only has the product defect rate been effectively controlled, but also the production efficiency has been significantly improved. This year, it is expected to achieve cost savings and revenue increase of more than 8 million yuan."
"Our technological empowerment of the industrial chain and supply chain is not just a single point of technology output, but also lies in building an open ecosystem," said Zhou Yi (周毅), director of Xiaomi Mobile Phone Intelligent Factory. At present, the Xiaomi Pengpai Intelligent Manufacturing Platform has connected more than 200 manufacturing companies, covering home appliances, automobiles, parts and other fields.
Brand Going Overseas: Providing the World with More and Better "Chinese Intelligent Manufacturing"
Chip mounting, assembly, complete machine testing... In the Xiaomi Mobile Phone Intelligent Factory in Changping District (昌平区), Beijing (北京), automated production lines operate 24 hours a day, and about 10 million high-end flagship mobile phones are produced every year and go to the world from here.
A set of data outlines Xiaomi's overseas expansion: smartphone shipments rank among the top three in 57 countries and regions around the world, of which it ranks second in Latin America and the Middle East markets, and third in Europe, Southeast Asia and Africa markets. At present, Xiaomi's business has covered more than 100 countries and regions around the world.
From "product going overseas" to "brand going overseas," Tang Li (唐力), general manager of Xiaomi Southeast Asia, has a deep understanding.
"In Bangkok (曼谷), Thailand (泰国), the number of personnel at Xiaomi's regional headquarters has expanded from a dozen to nearly 500, and Xiaomi Home has also opened in major shopping malls in the core area of Bangkok (曼谷)," said Tang Li (唐力). Xiaomi can go to the world and be recognized because of the product power brought by technological innovation, as well as the brand power brought by offline retail and service networks.
In order to adapt to the offline consumption habits of foreign consumers, Xiaomi is promoting "new retail" globally. In the first three quarters of 2025, Xiaomi Home opened more than 130 new stores in Southeast Asia. "The expansion of Xiaomi Home is not just a simple increase in offline sales outlets, but also provides local consumers with a comprehensive experience of Xiaomi products and the 'Human-Car-Home Full Ecosystem' scenario," said Zeng Xuezhong (曾学忠), senior vice president of Xiaomi Group and president of the International Department.
Xiaomi's overseas expansion is not only conducive to its own development and growth, but also brings new opportunities to related regions and industries.
Looking inward, Xiaomi's overseas expansion indirectly drives the development of upstream supply chains in multiple categories such as camera modules, screens, and batteries; looking outward, Xiaomi has more than 2,000 foreign employees around the world, and has 11 cooperative factories in 7 countries, creating more employment opportunities and development opportunities for the local area.
"'Innovation' and 'quality' are becoming new impressions that many Chinese technology companies, including Xiaomi, are bringing to the world," said Zeng Xuezhong (曾学忠).
Return to TopThis report was published in Beijing (北京) on November 30th (Reporter Ouyang Jie (欧阳洁)). Data released on November 30th by the Service Industry Survey Center of the National Bureau of Statistics (国家统计局) and the China Federation of Logistics and Purchasing (中国物流与采购联合会) shows that China's (中国) manufacturing purchasing manager index (PMI) for November was 49.2%, an increase of 0.2 percentage points from the previous month, and most of the sub-indices also increased compared to the previous month, indicating an improvement in the level of economic prosperity.
Among the sub-indices, the new export order index was 47.6%, an increase of 1.7 percentage points from the previous month, with a relatively significant increase. Among them, the new export order index for high-tech manufacturing increased by more than 3 percentage points compared to the previous month, and the new export order index for consumer goods manufacturing increased by more than 2 percentage points compared to the previous month. The trend of stabilizing exports has led to an overall recovery in manufacturing market demand, with the new order index at 49.2%, an increase of 0.4 percentage points from the previous month.
In November, the production and operation activity expectation index was 53.1%, an increase of 0.3 percentage points from the previous month, indicating that manufacturing enterprises have somewhat strengthened their confidence in recent market development.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 宋朝军
"Gently lift your leg, slowly extend it outwards, does it hurt?" In the inpatient department of Dangchang County People's Hospital (宕昌县人民医院), Longnan (陇南), Gansu (甘肃), Zhao Tonghui (赵彤辉), attending physician of orthopedics, gently supported the left leg of patient Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) to perform limb elevation examination and training. After a week of hospitalization, Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) was about to be discharged, and Zhao Tonghui (赵彤辉) gave more detailed instructions.
"It doesn't hurt, thank you, young man." Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) is 80 years old this year and has just undergone arthroscopic minimally invasive surgery at the county hospital and is recovering well.
Ma Hudailian (马虎代连), a villager from Wangbu Village (汪布村), Licuan Town (理川镇), Dangchang County (宕昌县), was lifted out of poverty in 2020 and lives with her son. In mid-August of this year, her left knee was swollen and painful, and she could not even walk. After examination at the hospital, she was diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis, knee synovitis, and loose bodies in the knee joint.
The elderly are old, how should they be treated? Is the risk high? Will she suffer? Her family was very worried.
"Arthroscopic surgery can be performed through minimally invasive techniques, only requiring two small holes to be made below the patient's knee, each with a diameter of no more than 5 millimeters," Zhao Tonghui (赵彤辉) explained to them in detail.
Does that mean going to the provincial capital? Can the elderly travel? Can the county hospital perform minimally invasive surgery? The family had many questions.
In the past, the medical capabilities of county towns were limited, and in Ma Hudailian's (马虎代连) case, treatment would have been required in Lanzhou (兰州) or Chengdu (成都), Sichuan (四川). Now, thanks to the "Thousand Counties Project" (千县工程), formerly impoverished counties like Dangchang (宕昌) can also complete minimally invasive surgery.
In 2021, the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委) launched the "Thousand Counties Project" (千县工程) to improve the comprehensive capabilities of county hospitals, proposing that by 2025, at least 1,000 county hospitals nationwide will reach the level of tertiary hospitals in terms of medical service capabilities, with a focus on county hospitals in poverty-stricken areas and resettlement areas for relocated people.
In Dangchang (宕昌), the First Hospital of Lanzhou University (兰州大学第一医院) is providing "group-style" assistance to the county's People's Hospital (人民医院), coupled with the east-west collaboration assistance from Shinan District (市南区), Qingdao (青岛), Shandong (山东). Since July 2022, the county's People's Hospital (人民医院) has welcomed four batches of 27 assistance experts who provide consultations, ward rounds, and surgeries to improve local medical treatment capabilities. The county's People's Hospital (人民医院) has also sent more than 180 medical personnel to Lanzhou (兰州) and Qingdao (青岛) for further study. Zhao Tonghui (赵彤辉) himself studied at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (青岛大学附属医院), the First Hospital of Lanzhou University (兰大一院), and the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University (兰大二院) for two years.
"Managing patients, performing surgeries, attending outpatient clinics... both theoretical and practical skills have been improved. I learned the practical skills of arthroscopic surgery during this period," said Zhao Tonghui (赵彤辉). After returning to Dangchang (宕昌), experts from the First Hospital of Lanzhou University (兰大一院) will continue to provide training to continuously improve the capabilities of grassroots medical personnel.
At the same time, through the "Thousand Counties Project" (千县工程), the county's People's Hospital (人民医院) purchased equipment and instruments such as arthroscopes, and introduced and carried out 19 new businesses and related technologies. With talent, technology, and equipment guarantees, the hospital has performed more than 130 arthroscopic surgeries. Ma Hudailian's (马虎代连) family was relieved and decided to seek treatment in the county. The surgery was quick and completed smoothly in less than an hour. On the third day after the surgery, Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) was able to get out of bed and walk.
Not only is it convenient, but the cost of medical treatment has also been reduced. If they had gone to another place, the family's travel and accommodation expenses alone would have cost nearly 10,000 yuan, saving this money has made Ma Hudailian's (马虎代连) family much more relaxed.
Some money doesn't need to be spent, but has the burden been reduced where money needs to be spent?
Hospitalization, examination, surgery, medication... After a week, Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) originally needed to pay about 10,000 yuan. It seems like a lot, but as a participant in the urban and rural residents' medical insurance, she can get 80% of the medical insurance-compliant expenses reimbursed locally, which solves the major problem. And at the stage of participation, the Dangchang County (宕昌县) medical insurance department monitors in real time and has subsidized each member of the poverty-alleviated households with 100 yuan for participation fees.
At first, Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) didn't know the cost and was worried that she would still have to spend a lot of money after reimbursement. The hospital staff also explained to her a series of bottom-line measures - the medical insurance already includes critical illness insurance, medical assistance, etc. If the out-of-pocket expenses still exceed 5,000 yuan after the initial reimbursement by medical insurance, it will trigger the critical illness insurance alarm mechanism, and the insurance company will take the initiative to contact her and reimburse at least 5% more.
In Wangbu Village (汪布村), before Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) was discharged from the hospital, Ran Ruibin (冉瑞斌), the village party branch secretary, came to understand the situation and explain the policies - if the expenses are still large after all reimbursements, the village can assist the family in applying for temporary civil affairs assistance. After review by the township and relevant departments, each member of the family will receive a subsidy of 700 yuan per month, up to a cumulative period of 1 year. There are also subsidies for elderly people with economic difficulties, and priority arrangements for family members to find employment. "If you encounter difficulties, there is medical insurance and subsidies, so that everyone will not return to poverty due to illness," said Ran Ruibin (冉瑞斌). For poverty-alleviated households, monitoring, policies, and assistance from all levels of departments will not stop.
In addition, with policy support such as the reduction and exemption of registration fees for patients over 60 years old upon admission and medical assistance subsidies, Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) actually paid 1340.41 yuan upon discharge. This was the only payment Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) made during this hospitalization. "Don't need to pay a penny in advance?" At first, she was still very puzzled. "We promote treatment first and payment later, 'bedside settlement', and reimbursement and discharge can be completed in a few minutes at the nursing station on this floor," said Quan Jiannan (权剑南), secretary of the Party Committee of Dangchang County People's Hospital (宕昌县人民医院). Through information technology construction, the review of medical insurance reimbursement can be realized within the hospital.
"I didn't spend much money, my illness was cured, and I feel at ease." After packing her things, Ma Hudailian (马虎代连) held Zhao Tonghui's (赵彤辉) and the nurse's hands and shook them vigorously, with a smile on her face.
This issue is coordinated by: Guo Xueyan (郭雪岩)
Return to TopBy: 史 毅
Since the comprehensive victory in the battle against poverty, China has continued to focus on key areas, key populations, and key diseases, establishing a long-term mechanism and monitoring and early warning system to prevent people from falling back into poverty due to illness, accelerating the improvement of health service capabilities in poverty-stricken areas, and continuously consolidating the achievements of basic medical security. Currently, there are still several risks that require key attention, especially the health problems of the "old and young" in poverty-stricken areas.
This is because poverty-stricken areas have a higher degree of aging, and the risk resistance capacity of "empty-nest elderly" and "elderly living alone" is relatively weaker, and the possibility of falling into or returning to poverty due to major diseases or accidental injuries is higher. In addition, if there is insufficient support for the early development of children in poverty-stricken areas, it is easy to trigger intergenerational transmission of poverty.
To prevent the elderly from returning to poverty due to illness, it is necessary to further improve the medical and elderly care service capabilities in poverty-stricken areas and improve the comprehensive and full-cycle health service system. Ensure that poverty-stricken areas can obtain appropriate, comprehensive, and continuous health services, improve the service capabilities of primary medical institutions, and establish and improve major disease medical insurance and assistance systems. At the same time, actively improve rural infrastructure and the living environment of the elderly, improve the health management level of the elderly in poverty-stricken areas, maintain the health functions and self-care ability of the elderly, and provide medical support for elderly families with serious illnesses or long-term chronic diseases.
To avoid family burdens caused by children's illnesses, it is recommended to explore and implement early childhood development intervention projects that are accurate to individuals and provide guidance to households in rural areas and poverty-stricken areas to improve children's nutrition, development, and mental health levels. Encourage poverty-stricken areas to establish scientific parenting guidance funds, implement scientific parenting guidance projects, carry out various forms of infant and toddler care guidance pilot programs, strengthen parenting science popularization, and provide sufficient early development support for infants and young children.
(The author is Yang Yanfan (杨彦帆), an associate researcher at the China Population and Development Research Center (中国人口与发展研究中心). This article was compiled from an interview with a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 魏哲哲
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that the rule of law is an important guarantee for Chinese-style modernization. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) deliberated and approved the "Suggestions of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" (《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》, hereinafter referred to as the "Suggestions"), explicitly proposing goals and tasks such as "the construction of a socialist rule of law country reaching a higher level" and "the solid advancement of building a higher-level Peaceful China," making strategic deployments for adhering to the comprehensive rule of law, and pointing out the direction for strengthening trial work in the new era. To thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, our reporter interviewed Deng Xiuming (邓修明), Deputy Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Executive Vice President of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院).
Deeply Grasping the Great Significance of the Rule of Law for Economic and Social Development During the "15th Five-Year Plan" Period
Reporter: The "Suggestions" make strategic deployments for adhering to the comprehensive rule of law, and coordinating the advancement of scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. How do the people's courts understand and grasp its great significance?
Deng Xiuming (邓修明): The rule of law is the basic way of governing the country. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党), the CPC Central Committee (党中央) with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has positioned, planned, and strictly enforced the rule of law from the overall and strategic height of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, creatively putting forward a series of new concepts, new thoughts, and new strategies on the comprehensive rule of law, forming Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on the Rule of Law, leading China's socialist rule of law construction to achieve historic achievements, and providing an important guarantee for continuing to write new chapters of the two major miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability. The "Suggestions" make strategic deployments for "adhering to the comprehensive rule of law, and coordinating the advancement of scientific legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial justice, and universal law-abiding," further clarifying the goals and tasks for building a higher-level socialist rule of law country.
On the one hand, deeply recognizing that the rule of law is an important component of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. The "Suggestions" propose "promoting social fairness and justice" and "building a rule of law economy and a credit economy" in the "six adherences" principles that must be followed for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and propose "the construction of a socialist rule of law country reaching a higher level" and "the solid advancement of building a higher-level Peaceful China" in the main goals, clarifying new goals and putting forward higher requirements for China's socialist rule of law construction. Impartial justice is an important link in the comprehensive rule of law, and it shoulders important responsibilities and missions in building a higher-level Peaceful China and a rule of law China. The people's courts must conscientiously align with the deployment requirements of the "Suggestions" regarding the construction of socialist democracy and the rule of law, especially the promotion of impartial justice, adhere to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, unswervingly follow the path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, fully perform duties, perform duties in accordance with the law, and dare to take responsibility, accelerate the high-quality development of trial work in the new era, and serve the construction of a higher-level Peaceful China and a rule of law China with strict and impartial justice.
On the other hand, deeply recognizing that the rule of law is an important guarantee for Chinese-style modernization. The "Suggestions" outline the grand blueprint for economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and is another general mobilization and general deployment to take advantage of the situation and continue to advance the construction of Chinese-style modernization. In February of this year, the "Opinions of the CPC Central Committee on Strengthening Trial Work in the New Era" (《中共中央关于加强新时代审判工作的意见》) was issued, putting forward clear requirements for "guaranteeing high-quality development and high-level security with strict and impartial justice." The people's courts must adhere to focusing on the center and serving the overall situation, closely focus on the goals and tasks of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, perform the important functions of punishing crimes, protecting the people, resolving disputes, and maintaining justice in accordance with the law, ensuring that judicial services and guarantees follow wherever the central work of the Party and the country advances, more powerfully supporting and serving the construction of Chinese-style modernization, and making positive contributions to achieving decisive progress in basically realizing socialist modernization.
Guaranteeing High-Quality Development with Strict and Impartial Justice
Reporter: The "Suggestions" propose that economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period should "take promoting high-quality development as the theme," and the main goal of economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period also puts "significant achievements in high-quality development" in the first place. How will the people's courts implement this deployment?
Deng Xiuming (邓修明): High-quality development is the primary task of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way. The people's courts must fully, accurately, and comprehensively implement the new development concept, focus on the key areas, key links, and key tasks of high-quality development, give full play to the role of trial functions, always be consistent with the orientation of macroeconomic policies and coordinate with various policies, and strive to serve high-quality development with high-quality justice. Here, I will briefly introduce several key areas of work.
First, serving the construction of a modern industrial system. A modern industrial system is the material and technical foundation of Chinese-style modernization. The people's courts must properly hear cases involving advanced manufacturing, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, and the cultivation and expansion of emerging industries and future industries in accordance with the law, focusing on promoting the development of the real economy, adhering to promoting financial services to the real economy in financial trials, strengthening the orientation of financial return to its origin and preventing detachment from the real economy through impartial justice, and helping to consolidate and strengthen the foundation of the real economy.
Second, serving high-level self-reliance in science and technology. Protecting intellectual property rights is protecting innovation. The people's courts must both adhere to strict protection in accordance with the law, accurately apply systems such as pre-litigation preservation and punitive damages, and strengthen judicial protection for original innovation, key core technologies, and scientific and technological innovation entities; at the same time, they must prevent the abuse of rights, correct behaviors that disrupt the innovation order and damage the innovation environment through false litigation and malicious litigation in accordance with the law, and promote the enhancement of independent innovation capabilities, stimulate innovation and creativity, and promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation with strict and impartial justice.
Third, serving the construction of a strong domestic market. Building a strong domestic market is a key task to be promoted during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. The people's courts must strengthen judicial protection of consumer rights, give play to the role of judicial interpretations on prepaid consumption, and promote the solution of pain points and blockages in vigorously boosting consumption. Strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition justice, help comprehensively rectify "involutionary" competition, regulate local protection and market segmentation behaviors in accordance with the law, and resolutely eliminate the blockages that hinder the construction of a unified national market. Adhere to and implement the "two unwaverings," implement the Private Economy Promotion Law and the Supreme People's Court's (最高人民法院) 25 specific measures, protect the legitimate rights and interests of various business entities in accordance with the law, and ensure fair participation in market competition.
Fourth, serving the expansion of high-level opening up. How to serve the enhancement of the linkage effect between the two markets and the two resources at home and abroad, better respond to external risks, and safeguard national security is a major issue facing the people's courts. On the one hand, it is necessary to adhere to the equal protection of the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese and foreign parties in accordance with the law, further implement the pre-access national treatment plus negative list management system for foreign investment, promote the improvement of international commercial mediation, arbitration, litigation and other mechanisms, serve the steady expansion of institutional opening up, and actively create a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, rule-of-law-based, and internationalized. On the other hand, it is necessary to actively participate in the formulation of international rules, abide by international treaties, respect international practices, counter illegal sanctions and "long-arm jurisdiction" in accordance with the law, guide and support "going out" citizens and enterprises to use legal means to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, and firmly safeguard China's sovereignty, security, and development interests.
Fifth, serving the construction of a beautiful China. The people's courts must firmly establish and practice the concept that green waters and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains, adhere to protecting the ecological environment with the strictest system and the strictest rule of law, cooperate in doing a good job in the compilation of the ecological environment code, improve judicial policies and measures around the coordinated promotion of carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion, and growth, strengthen regional judicial cooperation in ecological environment according to local conditions, implement the requirements of coordinating high-quality development and high-level protection in trial work, and actively promote the comprehensive green transformation of economic and social development.
Reporter: Increasing people's well-being is the fundamental purpose of development. How do the people's courts promote the realization of this purpose with impartial justice?
Deng Xiuming (邓修明): People's happiness and well-being are the ultimate goal of promoting high-quality development. Judicial trial is a "heart-guarding" work. It is necessary to adhere to the people-centered approach, always "**把屁股端端地坐在老百姓的这一面**" (bǎ pì gu duān duān de zuò zài lǎo bǎi xìng de zhè yī miàn - "sit squarely on the side of the common people," to be firmly on the side of the people), and strive to make the people feel fairness and justice in every judicial case.
First, adhering to the awareness of "as if I were in the lawsuit." Remembering that the subject of feeling fairness and justice is the people, comparing hearts to hearts and thinking in other people's shoes as if you were "fighting a lawsuit" yourself, combining legal provisions with specific case details, natural justice, human feelings, and the demands of the masses, and striving to find the best judgment scale and effect, to achieve both settling disputes and resolving disputes, and both resolving "legal knots" and resolving "heart knots."
Second, effectively strengthening judicial protection for people's livelihood. Handling cases involving people's livelihood fields such as employment, education, medical care, elderly care, housing, and social security with heart and affection, being sensitive to grasping the trends of cases and the demands of people's livelihood interests behind them, giving play to the leading, regulating, and guaranteeing role of the rule of law, promoting the solution of urgent and difficult problems in the field of people's livelihood, and making the achievements of modernization benefit all the people more and more fairly.
Third, improving judicial measures to facilitate and benefit the people. Promoting the construction of an efficient, convenient, intelligent, and precise litigation service system into the goal of "steadily promoting the equalization of basic public services," deepening the implementation of standardized case filing and prior mediation, the promotion and application of model texts of complaints and statements of defense, and the construction of barrier-free litigation service centers, truly thinking about what the masses think, urgently needing what the masses urgently need, and doing what the masses need.
Guaranteeing High-Level Security with Strict and Impartial Justice
Reporter: The "Suggestions" make major deployments for "promoting the modernization of the national security system and capabilities, and building a higher-level Peaceful China." How will the people's courts grasp the implementation?
Deng Xiuming (邓修明): The people's courts shoulder the responsibilities and missions of safeguarding national political security, ensuring social stability, promoting social fairness and justice, and guaranteeing people's peace and contentment. They must unswervingly implement the overall national security concept, and effectively prevent risks, ensure security, and protect stability with strict and impartial justice.
First, resolutely safeguarding national security and social stability. Strictly implementing the national security responsibility system and the social stability maintenance responsibility system, always putting safeguarding political security in the first place, punishing various criminal acts in accordance with the law, improving the normalized mechanism for combating organized crime and eliminating evil, increasing the prevention and crackdown on crimes such as telecommunications network fraud and drugs, helping to prevent and resolve risks in key areas based on trial functions, and effectively safeguarding national security, social stability, and people's peace.
Second, comprehensively and accurately implementing the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity. Adhering to the unity of punishing crimes and protecting human rights, adhering to both punishment and prevention, and combining both symptoms and root causes, comprehensively considering the social situation, public security conditions, and the feelings of the people, grasping the circumstances of specific cases, following the principles of "strict handling in accordance with the law, unified judgment standards, and sufficient reasons for leniency and severity," comprehensively using criminal punishment means in accordance with the law, achieving leniency when leniency is due and severity when severity is due, and striving to achieve the organic unity of political effects, legal effects, and social effects, so as to better maintain social harmony and guarantee long-term peace and stability.
Third, deeply promoting the source resolution, diversified resolution, and orderly resolution of contradictions and disputes. Adhering to and developing the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era, actively participating in and actively integrating into the standardized construction of comprehensive management centers, improving the "total-to-total" diversified dispute resolution mechanism, solidly promoting the legalization of petition work, giving play to the exemplary leading role of "Fengqiao-style People's Courts" (枫桥式人民法庭), actively carrying out guidance and mediation, circuit trials, and legal interpretation through cases, and promoting the improvement of the socialization, legalization, intelligence, and specialization of social governance, and striving to promote the resolution of more contradictions and disputes at the grassroots level and in the bud.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王 珂 齐志明 王云杉
A strong domestic market is the strategic support for Chinese-style modernization.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "At present and for a period to come, we must adhere to strengthening the domestic circulation, accelerate the formation of a strong domestic economic circulation system, and offset the uncertainty of the international circulation with the stability of the domestic circulation."
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal puts forward: "Adhere to expanding domestic demand as a strategic base point, adhere to the close combination of benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, lead new supply with new demand, create new demand with new supply, promote the virtuous interaction between consumption and investment, supply and demand, and enhance the endogenous power and reliability of the domestic circulation."
Facing the future, it is necessary to thoroughly implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important instructions and the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee, focus on building a strong domestic market, expand international cooperation space in expanding opening up, respond to new changes, shape new advantages, and achieve new breakthroughs by accelerating the construction of a new development pattern, and comprehensively promote Chinese-style modernization with high-quality economic development.
Accelerating the construction of a new development pattern is related to the overall situation of China's development.
Looking back, draw strength.
In April 2020, at the seventh meeting of the 19th Central Committee for Financial and Economic Affairs, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) first proposed the strategic concept of building a new development pattern.
The development achievements since the "14th Five-Year Plan" demonstrate the strategic foresight of this preemptive move.
Steadily ranking as the world's second largest consumer market and the world's largest online retail market, the average contribution rate of domestic demand to economic growth reached 86.4% from 2021 to 2024; the scale of trade in goods has steadily ranked first in the world, and the total import and export volume of goods has increased from 32.2 trillion yuan in 2020 to 43.8 trillion yuan in 2024, with an average annual increase of 8.0%.
China is accelerating the construction of a new development pattern, the main position of domestic circulation is constantly consolidated, the spatial layout is gradually optimized, the quality of domestic and international dual circulation is steadily improved, the foundation of economic development is more solid, and the security and stability are further enhanced, showing strong vitality, resilience, and potential.
Looking forward, strengthen confidence.
During the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, China's development environment faces profound and complex changes, and China's development is in a period where strategic opportunities and risks and challenges coexist, and uncertain and unpredictable factors increase. The more severe and complex the external environment, the more necessary it is to accelerate the construction of a new development pattern and firmly grasp the initiative of development.
To accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, it is necessary to take the domestic circulation as the main body and build a strong domestic market.
The characteristics of a large country's economy are that domestic demand is the mainstay and internal circulation is possible.
As the world's second largest economy, the largest manufacturing country, and the largest trading country in goods, it is difficult for China to participate in the international economic cycle for a long time through the "two ends outside" model of markets and resources. In an unstable and uncertain external environment, it is necessary to rely on a strong domestic market to achieve internal circulation, so as to enhance the resilience of economic development, ensure the basic normal operation of the economy and the stability of the overall social situation in extreme cases, and firmly grasp the destiny and dominance of national development and progress in our own hands.
To accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, it is necessary to better connect the domestic market and the international market, and better utilize the two markets and two resources, both domestic and international.
From November 5th to 10th, the 8th China International Import Expo (CIIE) was held in Shanghai (上海). 155 countries, regions, and international organizations participated, with more than 4,100 overseas companies exhibiting, and the overall exhibition area exceeded 430,000 square meters, setting a new record in scale... The increasingly successful CIIE demonstrates the vigorous vitality of China's super-large-scale market and witnesses China's vivid practice of developing itself and benefiting the world through high-level opening up.
The key to accelerating the construction of a new development pattern lies in simultaneously exerting efforts on both the supply and demand sides, coordinating and cooperating, and continuously improving the quality and efficiency of the economic cycle.
Holding a cup of hot tea, hanging an embroidered sachet... The intangible cultural heritage skills passed down for thousands of years are accelerating into people's daily lives. Nowadays, people are no longer limited to the use value of the goods themselves, but pay more attention to the emotional value brought by their cultural attributes. This year, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism launched a series of activities for the "Intangible Cultural Heritage Good Things · National潮 Revitalization" Intangible Cultural Heritage Shopping Month, promoting the deep integration of intangible cultural heritage into modern life by increasing high-quality supply and innovating consumption scenarios.
Building a new development pattern starts from unblocking the cycle and organically combines the strategy of expanding domestic demand with deepening supply-side structural reform, forming a higher-level dynamic balance of demand driving supply and supply creating demand.
The advantages of accelerating the construction of a new development pattern are constantly enhanced.
Exquisite works of art, dreamlike art images, thought-provoking art installations... Not long ago, the "NAFI2025 Nanjing International Art Season" exhibition held at the Sifang Art Lake District Art Museum in Pukou District (浦口区), Nanjing (南京) City, Jiangsu Province (江苏省) was very popular, attracting many art lovers to appreciate it.
"In nearly two months, we have received nearly 100,000 visitors, sold nearly 10 million yuan worth of works, and the income from tickets and cultural and creative products has reached a record high," said the relevant person in charge of the event.
To accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, we must correctly grasp the situation and recognize the advantages of development.
From vigorously boosting consumption to improving investment efficiency, from enhancing the ability of technological self-reliance and self-improvement to promoting the construction of a unified national market in depth, from optimizing the consumption environment to innovating consumption scenarios... In recent years, all regions and departments have continuously improved their ideological understanding, continuously consolidated their work foundation, and gradually improved their policies and systems, laying a solid advantage for accelerating the construction of a new development pattern.
The endogenous power of domestic circulation is becoming increasingly strong.
In the small courtyard of Datian Village (大田村), Wupizhen (五陂镇), Anyuan District (安源区), Pingxiang City (萍乡市), Jiangxi Province (江西省), a two-story building exudes the aroma of coffee. The coffee shop, transformed from idle farmhouses, has become a choice for many tourists to relax. The Qushanye Huaxi Camp, built by Anyuan District (安源区) relying on the natural scenery of Shili Huaxi (十里花溪), has enriched the multi-dimensional consumption experience of "eating, drinking, playing, enjoying, and shopping" through parent-child handcrafting and stove-side tea brewing activities.
"We will continue to strengthen policy guidance, scenario innovation, and business integration, and promote the upgrading of consumption patterns to the diversified integration of agriculture, culture, tourism, sports, and commerce by deepening the development model of 'agriculture as the foundation, cultural tourism as the attraction, sports as the empowerment, and commercial realization'," said the relevant person in charge of Anyuan District (安源区).
In recent years, China's consumption potential has been continuously released, and effective investment has been continuously expanded. From 2021 to 2024, the average contribution rate of final consumption to economic growth reached 56.2%; the average contribution rate of capital formation accumulated by investment to economic growth was 30.2%. The level of dynamic balance between supply and demand has been continuously improved, driving the continuous release of investment potential and consumption vitality.
The ability of technological self-reliance and self-improvement has been greatly improved.
The "artificial sun" has repeatedly set records, laying a solid foundation for the development of nuclear fusion energy; the Hongmeng (鸿蒙) computer has been launched, and China has a computer operating system that is autonomous and controllable from the kernel layer; humanoid robots such as "Tiangong (天工)" and "Yushu (宇树)" are accelerating their iteration, showing considerable prospects in the fields of industrial manufacturing and commercial services... Technological achievements continue to emerge, new quality productive forces are accelerating their cultivation, and a series of major breakthroughs are injecting strong impetus into the high-quality development of the economy and society.
Technological innovation can spawn new industries, new models, and new driving forces. China's comprehensive innovation capability has been significantly enhanced. In 2024, the total R&D expenditure of the whole society reached 3.61 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world. In 2025, China jumped to tenth place in the Global Innovation Index ranking. Technological innovation leads the intelligent upgrade. In the first three quarters of this year, the added value of China's scale-above high-tech manufacturing industry increased by 9.6% year-on-year, and the added value of information transmission, software, and information technology service industries increased by 11.2% year-on-year.
Steadily promote high-level opening up.
Since the beginning of this year, there has been a clear trend in the layout of foreign investment in China: more and more multinational companies are increasing their R&D investment in China, and the pace of establishing R&D centers is accelerating. According to statistics, as of September this year, the cumulative number of foreign-funded R&D centers in Shanghai (上海) reached 631; as of January this year, the number of foreign-funded R&D centers in Beijing (北京) reached 221... Foreign-funded enterprises are investing in or increasing their R&D in China, not only because they are optimistic about China's investment environment, but also because they value China's innovation environment.
A set of data marks the new achievements of high-level opening up: the scale of trade in goods has increased from 32.2 trillion yuan in 2020 to about 43.9 trillion yuan in 2024, and more high-tech new products such as electric vehicles, 3D printers, and industrial robots are accelerating their export. The quality of foreign investment utilization has been continuously improved. In the first 10 months of 2025, 53,782 new foreign-invested enterprises were established nationwide, an increase of 14.7% year-on-year. The high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" has been deepened and solid, the "hard connectivity" of infrastructure has been continuously expanded, the "soft connectivity" of rules and standards has been smoother, major landmark projects have been steadily promoted, and "small but beautiful" livelihood projects are widely welcomed.
Fully implement the strategic deployment of accelerating the construction of a new development pattern.
Building a new development pattern is a systematic project, which requires both "grasping the key points at the top" to strengthen strategic planning and top-level design, and "dividing the details at the bottom" to grasp the focus of work.
In today's world, the most scarce resource is the market. A strong domestic market is the strategic support for Chinese-style modernization. "The '15th Five-Year Plan' proposal puts forward adhering to expanding domestic demand as a strategic base point and deploys three key tasks. To grasp the implementation, it is necessary to grasp the three keys of 'expanding increments, improving efficiency, and unblocking circulation'," said Zheng Shanjie (郑栅洁), Secretary of the Party Leadership Group and Director of the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委).
Expanding increments——
On August 26, as the first test train No. 55402 departed from Yichang North Station (宜昌北站), the Wuhan (武汉) to Yichang (宜昌) section of the Shanghai (沪) - Chongqing (渝) - Rong (蓉) High-speed Railway officially entered the final stage before opening - the trial operation stage; on September 26, the first-layer excavation of the diversion tunnel of the Gu Xian (古贤) Water Conservancy Hub Project on the Yellow River (黄河), an important node project of the national water network, achieved full-line connection, taking a key step towards the interception target; on October 13, the Huadian Jinshang Yebatan (华电金上叶巴滩) Hydropower Station successfully closed its gates for water storage, and China's highest concrete arch dam power station under construction officially entered the sprint stage for the first batch of units to be put into operation...
"Focusing on major projects required by national strategies and industries, its investment not only generates immediate pulling effects, but also contains huge long-term development potential, which is an important starting point for expanding effective investment," said Zhang Linshan (张林山), a researcher at the Macroeconomic Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委宏观经济研究院). China has both space and potential to expand domestic demand. It is necessary to adhere to the close combination of benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people, deeply implement special actions to boost consumption, maintain reasonable investment growth, expand domestic demand in all directions, and promote China's economy to continue to move upward and improve.
Improving efficiency——
"It used to be difficult to go downstairs, and I could only 'listen to the sound' outside the window. Now that the elevator is installed, I can go downstairs for a walk every day," said Ding Zidong (丁滋冬), a resident of Xianghu Jiayuan (湘湖家园), Chengxiang Street (城厢街道), Xiaoshan District (萧山区), Hangzhou (杭州) City, Zhejiang Province (浙江省), who is over ninety years old.
Small elevators have a big impact on people's livelihood. China's annual scale of fixed asset investment has reached 50 trillion yuan, but there are still heavy tasks such as benefiting people's livelihood, making up for shortcomings, and cultivating kinetic energy. We must better use the "money" in the key areas of development and spend it on the lives of the people. Optimizing the structure of government investment, increasing the proportion of government investment in people's livelihood, coordinating the use of various types of government investment, and strengthening the whole-process management of government investment will better play the leverage role of government investment and continuously enhance the comprehensive benefits of investment.
Unblocking circulation——
Anhui (安徽) optimizes the market access environment for unmanned aerial vehicle operations, Hainan (海南) simplifies the market access approval process for the commercial aerospace field, and Yunnan (云南) conducts in-depth market access effectiveness assessments... The number of items on China's market access negative list has been reduced from 123 in the 2020 version to 106 in the 2025 version, and the "subtraction" of market access has been exchanged for the "addition" of market vitality.
With a unified large market, we can unblock the large circulation. Policy measures that hinder the flow of market factors have been cleaned up, but there are still many blockages and bottlenecks. We must unify the basic system rules of the market, break down local protectionism and market segmentation, regulate the economic promotion behavior of local governments, unify market supervision and law enforcement, and comprehensively rectify "involution-style" competition, so as to more powerfully and effectively eliminate various market barriers and fully release the dividend of China's super-large-scale market.
We must firmly grasp the key starting point of building a strong domestic market, unswervingly accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, both based on the domestic to consolidate the foundation of development, and open up to the outside world to expand cooperation space, will be able to promote China's economy to continue to move forward on the track of high-quality development, provide a solid support for the comprehensive construction of a socialist modern country, and inject more certainty and positive energy into the world economic development.
Return to TopAccording to a report in this newspaper from Beijing (北京) on November 30th by reporter Liu Zhiqiang (刘志强): The reporter learned from the National Bureau of Statistics (国家统计局) that in the first 10 months, the profits of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 1.9% year-on-year, and the cumulative growth rate has maintained growth for three consecutive months since August this year; the operating income of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 1.8% year-on-year, creating favorable conditions for the recovery of industrial enterprise profits. In October, affected by factors such as the relatively high base in the same period last year and the rapid growth of financial expenses, the profits of industrial enterprises above designated size decreased by 5.5% year-on-year.
The profits of the equipment manufacturing industry grew rapidly. In the first 10 months, the profits of the equipment manufacturing industry above designated size increased by 7.8% year-on-year, driving the profits of all industrial enterprises above designated size to increase by 2.8 percentage points; the total profit accounted for 38.5% of the total profit of all industrial enterprises above designated size, an increase of 2.0 percentage points compared with the same period last year, and the profit structure of industrial enterprises continued to optimize. From the perspective of industries, in the first 10 months, 7 of the 8 major industries in the equipment manufacturing industry achieved year-on-year profit growth, among which, railway, ship, aerospace, and electronics industries achieved double-digit profit growth.
The high-tech manufacturing industry has a good momentum of benefit growth. In the first 10 months, the profits of high-tech manufacturing industries above designated size increased by 8.0% year-on-year, which was 6.1 percentage points higher than the average level of all industrial enterprises above designated size. From the perspective of industries, the development of intelligent electronic manufacturing is good, and the profits of intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle manufacturing and intelligent vehicle-mounted equipment manufacturing industries increased by 116.1% and 114.9% respectively; the benefits of semiconductor manufacturing increased rapidly, and the profits of integrated circuit manufacturing, electronic special material manufacturing, and semiconductor discrete device manufacturing industries increased by 89.2%, 86.0%, and 17.4% respectively.
The results of quality improvement and upgrading of traditional industries are evident. In the first 10 months, the results of the development of new quality productivity in traditional industries have initially emerged, and the profits are significantly higher than the industry average. In the chemical and building materials industries in the raw material sector, the profits of graphite and carbon product manufacturing, biochemical pesticide and microbial pesticide manufacturing, and cultural information chemical manufacturing industries increased by 77.7%, 73.4%, and 19.1% respectively, which were 76.7, 78.8, and 24.5 percentage points higher than the average level of the major industries to which they belong; in the chemical fiber, rubber, and plastic product industries, the profits of bio-based chemical fiber manufacturing and recycled rubber manufacturing industries increased by 61.2% and 15.4% respectively, which were 58.3 and 20.4 percentage points higher than the average level of the major industries to which they belong.
Return to TopChina's large market presents significant opportunities for the world. As the largest developing country globally, China consistently prioritizes promoting common development in its international cooperation efforts. The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal dedicates a specific chapter to "expanding high-level opening-up and creating a new landscape of win-win cooperation," emphasizing "sharing opportunities and developing together with countries around the world." Many distinctive products from developing countries have entered the Chinese market, driving industrial development and improving livelihoods in those countries. China, with its responsible major-country initiative, is opening its doors wider and wider, allowing all countries to share in the opportunities and dividends of China's development, injecting new momentum into global economic development.
Fruitful Results of Open Cooperation
In November, pine nuts from western Pakistan began to be sold on the market. In the market of Mardan City, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, various pine nuts are displayed in a dazzling array. "This year is a bumper harvest year for pine nuts. I purchase pine nuts from the mountainous areas, sell some to purchasers, and then export them to China," stall owner Altaf Hussain told reporters. "The more pine nuts the Chinese market needs, the more revenue we can obtain."
Since 2020, Pakistani pine nuts exported to China have enjoyed zero-tariff treatment. In 2024, Pakistan's pine nut exports to China exceeded $18 million, an increase of 14% year-on-year. Pine nut plantations have been built in many parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, and pine nut processing and sorting machines have been introduced from China to further improve the yield and quality of pine nuts. "Thanks to China's open market and tariff-free policy, in recent years, the potential of Pakistan's pine nut industry has been fully released, becoming one of the main sources of China's imported pine nuts," said Nurullah Khan, an official of the Pakistan Agricultural Research Council. "Pakistani pine nuts have become a popular product in China, driving the quality and upgrading of Pakistan's pine nut industry and benefiting more people."
As the world's second-largest consumer market and import market, China is the main export destination for nearly 80 countries and regions. China's ultra-large-scale market is transforming "China's demand" into "world opportunities."
"In August of this year, the South African Macadamia Association went to China to participate in the 2025 China International Nut Conference. We actively cooperate with the Chinese side and actively promote South African macadamia nuts on social media platforms," Liesel Pretorius, president of the South African Macadamia Association, told reporters. In 2024, China imported approximately 48,000 tons of in-shell macadamia nuts and approximately 2,200 tons of macadamia nut kernels from South Africa, accounting for 54% of South Africa's export volume in the 2024 production season. According to statistics, 48% of South Africa's in-shell macadamia nuts in the 2025 production season will be exported to the Chinese market. "China is one of the most important partners of the South African macadamia nut industry," Pretorius said. The association cooperates with approximately 1,100 macadamia nut farmers in South Africa, creating nearly 100,000 jobs. "South African macadamia nuts are exported to the Chinese market, which not only provides Chinese consumers with more choices, but also promotes the continuous improvement of the South African macadamia nut industry chain."
Development Achievements Benefit People of All Countries
As a member of the Global South, China always adheres to developing hand in hand with all parties, including the least developed countries, to promote mutual benefit and win-win results.
In the town of Belabo, Bangladesh, jute handicrafts handmade by more than 2,000 rural women not only enter the Chinese market in large quantities, but also sell to European and American countries through cross-border e-commerce. Bangladesh's Dada Company has continuously participated in the China International Import Expo (CIIE), with annual order growth exceeding 20%, developing from a small and micro enterprise with only a dozen people to a well-known local enterprise with more than 2,000 people. Afghan carpets and handbags, Senegalese pure natural shea butter, Malian baobab fruit powder... The 8th CIIE set up a special zone for products from the least developed countries for the first time, with 163 companies from the least developed countries participating in the exhibition, an increase of 23.5% year-on-year. Data shows that at the previous seven CIIEs, the cumulative intended transaction volume of the least developed countries reached $4.18 billion. Taking the CIIE as a platform, many products from the least developed countries have entered thousands of Chinese households, taking an important step in integrating into the global value chain.
Cuauhtémoc Alcántara, Director of the Historical Archive Communication Office of the National Autonomous University of Mexico, said that a series of open platforms such as the CIIE have released a positive signal that China is willing to be a global partner, and have effectively promoted trade, investment and supply chain cooperation, so that development results can benefit the people of all countries more and more fairly.
Bernardo Muñoz, Commercial Counselor of the Consulate General of Peru in Shanghai, said that in recent years, the level of trade facilitation between Peru and China has continued to improve. It is gratifying that Peru-China economic and trade cooperation has effectively benefited the people. For example, the alpaca doll industry has created considerable income for local Peruvian artisans, especially female artisans, and has also allowed this traditional skill to be inherited and renewed. "We look forward to working with Chinese partners to carry out more cooperation in agricultural technology, market development and other fields, achieve complementary advantages, and jointly seize the new opportunities brought about by China's consumption upgrade," Muñoz said.
At present, China is actively promoting the signing of agreements on economic partnership for common development and implementing measures to implement zero tariffs on 100% of tariff items for 53 African countries that have diplomatic relations with China. Relying on the advantages of zero tariffs, Andy, a Rwandan coffee merchant, received an order for a container of coffee beans this year. Dennis Munene, Executive Director of the China-Africa Center of the Africa Policy Institute in Kenya, said: "The zero-tariff policy is an important measure for China to implement the Global Development Initiative, which will expand market access for African products such as avocados, tea, and wild anchovies, provide important opportunities for local development and livelihood improvement, and provide key impetus for African countries to integrate into the global value chain."
Trade Facilitation Broadens Cooperation Space
ASEAN fruits imported from the Pingxiang Port (凭祥口岸) in Guangxi can reach the Guangzhou Jiangnan Fruit and Vegetable Wholesale Market (广州江南果菜批发市场) in 7 hours and the Beijing Xinfadi Market (北京新发地市场) in 30 hours. Strengthening the construction of smart ports between China and Vietnam and implementing customs clearance facilitation measures such as "fruit express line" and "zero waiting customs clearance" have greatly reduced the time and logistics costs of ASEAN fruit exports to China; the opening of the "Callao to Shanghai" direct route has significantly shortened the freight time, reducing the voyage of Peruvian fresh agricultural products to China to 23 days, saving more than 20% of logistics costs, and greatly enhancing the competitiveness of Peruvian fresh products such as blueberries and avocados in the Chinese market; the successful launch of China's aid to the Lao Rural E-commerce Platform not only has payment and logistics docking systems, but also directly connects producers, suppliers and buyers, building a new bridge for interconnection between Laos and abroad, driving trade and investment growth, and creating more jobs...
From implementing zero-tariff policies to unblocking trade channels such as customs, logistics, and cross-border e-commerce, China continues to improve the level of trade facilitation. Alcántara said that China has significantly reduced the cost and threshold of cross-border trade by creating comprehensive cross-border e-commerce pilot zones, optimizing customs procedures, and improving infrastructure, building a bridge for small and medium-sized enterprises to enter the global market. For developing countries, this not only means the opportunity to enter the huge Chinese market, but also brings new cooperation space such as digital trade integration, technology and financial support.
"China continues to expand opening up, strengthen economic ties and cooperation with the vast number of developing countries, and promote the stable development of the global industrial chain and supply chain," said Li Renliang, Associate Professor of the National Institute of Development Administration in Thailand. He paid particular attention to the fact that the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自贸港) will officially launch full island customs closure operations on December 18. "Systems such as 'zero tariffs, low tax rates, and simple tax system' will help Thai companies export goods such as tropical fruits, agricultural products, and daily necessities to China more conveniently and reduce trade costs. Thai companies can also set up companies in the Hainan Free Trade Port and use Hainan's local policy advantages and market advantages to carry out more businesses."
"China's trade policies bring huge market opportunities to developing countries," said Gerd Müller, Director-General of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. "China is the most important investment and trade partner for developing countries and countries of the Global South. The United Nations highly appreciates China's consistent commitment to multilateralism, which is more important today than ever before."
(Reported on November 30 from Beijing (北京), Islamabad (伊斯兰堡), Johannesburg (约翰内斯堡), Mexico City (墨西哥城), Nairobi (内罗毕), and Bangkok (曼谷) by reporters Gong Ming (龚鸣), Zhao Yipu (赵益普), Dai Kairan (戴楷然), Xie Jianing (谢佳宁), Huang Weixin (黄炜鑫), and Yang Yi (杨一))
Layout design: Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)
Sanae Takaichi (高市早苗) has repeatedly made mistakes on the Taiwan issue, exposing her deeply ingrained historical revisionist tendencies and reflecting her misjudgment of the current international political reality.
Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi (高市早苗) recently stated during a party leaders' debate in the Diet that "(Japan) has abandoned all rights under the 'Treaty of San Francisco' and has no position on determining the legal status of Taiwan." This deliberately distorted historical argument of so-called "undetermined status of Taiwan" is consistent with her previous erroneous remarks publicly claiming that a "Taiwan emergency" may constitute a "survival-threatening situation" for Japan. It once again exposes her true intention to break through the post-war international order and pre-emptively pave the way for Japanese military intervention in the Taiwan Strait.
The historical context and legal facts of the Taiwan issue are very clear. In April 1895, Japan occupied Taiwan and the Penghu Islands through unequal treaties. In December 1943, the governments of China, the United States, and the United Kingdom issued the "Cairo Declaration," announcing that the purpose of the three countries was to ensure that territories Japan had stolen from China, such as the Northeast, Taiwan, and the Penghu Islands, be returned to China. In July 1945, the United States, the United Kingdom, and China jointly signed the "Potsdam Proclamation," later joined by the Soviet Union, reiterating that "the terms of the Cairo Declaration shall be carried out." In September of the same year, Japan signed the instrument of surrender, explicitly promising to "faithfully fulfill the obligations of the Potsdam Proclamation." This series of documents with international legal effect constitutes the complete legal chain for China to recover Taiwan. The return of Taiwan to China is a manifestation of justice and an important victory of World War II. Any erroneous argument about the "undetermined status of Taiwan" is a blatant challenge to the post-war international order.
It is particularly important to point out that the so-called "Treaty of San Francisco" cited by Sanae Takaichi (高市早苗) was a document issued in the 1950s when some Western countries, out of Cold War strategic considerations, excluded major World War II victors such as China and the Soviet Union and separately concluded peace with Japan. This document violated the provision in the "Declaration by United Nations" signed by 26 countries, including China, the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union in 1942, which prohibited separate peace treaties with enemy countries. It also violated the "Charter of the United Nations" and basic principles of international law. Any ambiguous content regarding the sovereignty of Taiwan or any territorial and sovereign rights involving China as a non-contracting party is a departure from the "Cairo Declaration" and the "Potsdam Proclamation" and other documents with international legal effect, and is therefore illegal and invalid. Sanae Takaichi (高市早苗) selectively ignores a series of legal documents that constitute the cornerstone of the post-war international order, and only cites this illegal and invalid document, which is not only ignorance and distortion of history, but also a trampling on internationally recognized norms.
Sanae Takaichi (高市早苗) declared that "Japan is back." We cannot help but ask, what kind of Japan is back?! If this refers to Japan learning from the lessons of World War II, reflecting on the history of militarist aggression, and adhering to its commitment to the pacifist constitution, thus returning to the international community as a normal country, it is naturally beyond reproach. However, if this means that Japanese militarism is resurfacing or even becoming rampant, the international community needs to be highly vigilant. Taking Taiwan as an example, what did Japanese militarists bring to Taiwan in history? Dark colonial rule and inhumane crimes. During the half-century of Japan's forced occupation and colonial rule of Taiwan, hundreds of thousands of Taiwanese compatriots were killed, and the people had no political rights, freedom of belief, or cultural freedom. Mineral resources and people's livelihood materials were frantically plundered. In the Yunlin Massacre, about 30,000 Taiwanese people died tragically under the knives of the Japanese army; in the Taoyuan Sanjiaoyong Massacre, the Japanese army burned and killed 25,000 people; in the Xiaolong Massacre, the Japanese army brutally killed 27,000 people... This is the darkest page in Taiwan's history. The past is not far away. Now, Japanese right-wing politicians advocate that "a Taiwan emergency is a Japan emergency" and once again covet Taiwan, which is tantamount to rubbing salt in historical wounds.
Taiwan is China's Taiwan, and the Taiwan issue is the core of China's core interests. Eighty years ago, China had the ability to defeat Japanese militarism. Today, the Chinese government and people have even more firm will, full confidence, and strong ability to defeat any attempt to interfere in China's internal affairs and obstruct China's great cause of reunification. We solemnly warn certain Japanese politicians: those who play with fire on the Taiwan issue will 必自焚 (bì zì fén - "will burn themselves," those who play with fire will get burned). Japan, which bears serious historical guilt on the Taiwan issue, should be cautious in its words and deeds, deeply reflect on history, and stop any provocative behavior on the Taiwan issue, so as not to repeat historical mistakes.
Return to TopBy: 朝伦爱登
The Global Governance Initiative not only responds to the common concerns of the vast number of developing countries, but also provides new cooperation opportunities for developing countries, including Mongolia, to participate in international affairs.
Currently, the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century at an accelerated pace. Global issues such as geopolitical tensions, climate change, public health crises, digital security, and energy shortages are emerging one after another. Faced with multiple challenges, the existing international governance system seems inadequate. On the one hand, the representation and voice of the Global South countries in international affairs are still insufficient; on the other hand, individual countries are pursuing unilateralism, which weakens the effectiveness of multilateral cooperation. The international community urgently needs a more inclusive, just, and effective global governance solution.
In this context, President Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed the Global Governance Initiative. The initiative's five core concepts—adhering to sovereign equality, abiding by international rule of law, practicing multilateralism, advocating people-centeredness, and emphasizing action-orientedness—not only respond to the common concerns of the vast number of developing countries, but also provide new cooperation opportunities for developing countries, including Mongolia, to participate in international affairs. The five core concepts of the Global Governance Initiative are highly consistent with China's foreign policy, reflecting the continuity and stability of China's diplomacy.
Since the reform and opening up, China has adhered to an independent foreign policy, deeply integrated into the world economy, deeply participated in global affairs, and provided many popular public goods to the international community. China has actively participated in global governance, successively proposing the "Belt and Road" Initiative, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative, which have been widely responded to and actively supported by the international community, and its global influence has continued to increase. The proposal of the Global Governance Initiative is the latest annotation of China's continuous improvement in regional and global influence.
As many international scholars have pointed out, the Global Governance Initiative responds to the shortcomings and weaknesses of the current global governance system. At present, many international institutions still continue the architecture formed decades ago, and the representation and voice of emerging market countries and developing countries are insufficient. Major decisions are still dominated by a few developed countries. This unbalanced pattern weakens the executive power of international institutions and makes global governance fall into an effectiveness crisis. Faced with emerging challenges in areas such as climate change, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and global public health, the functional deficit of global governance is becoming increasingly prominent.
China is Mongolia's neighbor and partner. Mongolia attaches great importance to its relations with China and has always attached importance to multilateral diplomacy and regional cooperation. The Global Governance Initiative is highly consistent with Mongolia's development strategy and diplomatic philosophy, and it is worthy of Mongolia's in-depth understanding and active connection. For example, adhering to sovereign equality means that developing countries have the right to independently express their positions and participate in international affairs on an equal footing, so as to better safeguard their legitimate rights and interests; emphasizing action-orientedness means opposing empty talk and focusing on action, which helps to transform political consensus into cooperative results, promote pragmatic cooperation in areas such as green energy, infrastructure, and the digital economy, and further enhance the development capabilities of developing countries.
In September of this year, Mongolian President Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh (呼日勒苏赫) stated during a meeting with President Xi Jinping (习近平) that President Xi Jinping's (习近平) proposal of the Global Governance Initiative, which advocates the establishment of an international governance system with the United Nations as the core and the equal participation of developing countries, is highly appreciated by Mongolia, which is willing to support each other and cooperate closely with China on the international stage to safeguard the common interests of developing countries. At present, Mongolia is actively promoting the "Vision 2050" long-term development policy and the "New Revival Policy," covering areas such as mineral energy, interconnectivity, and green development. The four global initiatives proposed by China are in line with Mongolia's development strategy and will bring new capital, technology, and market opportunities to Mongolia.
The Global Governance Initiative helps promote the construction of a more fair and reasonable international order. Looking to the future, we expect Mongolia and China to further strengthen the connection of development strategies, transform the implementation of the Global Governance Initiative into an opportunity for pragmatic cooperation, make full use of multilateral platforms such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and deepen cooperation in areas such as green development, the digital economy, port construction, and desertification prevention, so as to benefit the people of both countries and jointly build a more peaceful, secure, and prosperous world.
(The author is the founding director of the Mongolia "Belt and Road" Common Development Research Center)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 禹丽敏
"Chinese-style modernization is an important component of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and one of its characteristics is adhering to the people's position." Chairman Thürmer Gyula of the Hungarian Workers' Party (匈牙利工人党主席蒂尔默·久洛) said in a recent exclusive interview with this reporter that adhering to the people-centered development philosophy is an important reason for China's historical achievements.
Thürmer (蒂尔默) said that in the past 40 years, China has lifted more than 700 million rural poor people out of poverty, which is an unprecedented feat in human history. "The Chinese people can proudly say: 'Our lives today are better than yesterday, and tomorrow will be better than today.'"
Thürmer (蒂尔默) believes that China's proposal to develop new quality productive forces and promote high-quality development in a manner appropriate to local conditions is "not only an economic strategy, but also a national governance philosophy in the new era—in the global technological and industrial revolution, China has chosen an innovation-driven development strategy and a people-centered development philosophy."
Thürmer (蒂尔默) said that the global governance initiatives proposed by China are forward-looking, meaning "cooperation instead of confrontation, mutual benefit and win-win instead of power hegemony, consultation mechanisms instead of unilateral decision-making, and common development instead of unilateral growth." In global governance, China has become an important force in promoting world peace and development. Without China, there would be no Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路) or the New Development Bank (新开发银行) today.
Thürmer's (蒂尔默) relationship with China can be traced back to November 1990, when he first visited China. He said with emotion that from eliminating absolute poverty to upgrading infrastructure, China's modernization development practice is impressive. The development and changes in Shenzhen (深圳) are particularly unforgettable to him: "When I stood in Shenzhen (深圳) that year, looking at the brightly lit Hong Kong (香港) in the distance, Shenzhen (深圳) seemed a bit dim; many years later, when I stood in Hong Kong (香港), looking at the brightly lit Shenzhen (深圳) in the distance, I couldn't help but marvel—Shenzhen (深圳), as a window of China's reform and opening up, has changed so much!"
In 2024, the bilateral trade volume between China and Hungary reached 16.2 billion US dollars, a year-on-year increase of 11.4%. For many years, China has remained Hungary's largest trading partner outside the European Union. At present, there are 21 weekly passenger direct flights between China and Hungary, connecting Budapest (布达佩斯) with 7 cities in China, and the construction of the Hungarian section of the Hungary-Serbia Railway (匈塞铁路) , a landmark project of the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路), is steadily advancing. "These facts show that Hungary and China have achieved fruitful results in multi-dimensional cooperation in trade and investment, industrial layout, and infrastructure construction," said Thürmer (蒂尔默).
Thürmer (蒂尔默) believes that the relationship between Hungary and China is at its best historical period. Chinese companies are actively participating in Hungary's economic construction, and new energy vehicles and high-speed railways made in China have entered the lives of the Hungarian people, reflecting China's leading position in modern manufacturing and providing new opportunities for cooperation between Europe and China. "Hungary's 'Opening to the East' strategy is deeply aligned with the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路), and the two countries have achieved fruitful results in economic, trade, infrastructure and other fields. The Hungarian Workers' Party (匈牙利工人党) has always regarded Hungary-China cooperation as a valuable asset of the country, inherited and carried forward the traditional friendship, and promoted Hungary-China relations and pragmatic cooperation to a higher level," said Thürmer (蒂尔默).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 宋亦然
As night falls, the Ancon (安孔) area in northern Lima (利马), the capital of Peru (秘鲁), gradually lights up. The streets and alleys, once plunged into darkness and silence at night, are now bustling with people.
"In the past, we had to use flashlights when going out at night, and at home, we could only rely on candles or small kerosene lamps for lighting," recalled resident Sofia (索菲亚). In December 2024, the "Ten Thousand Lights" project, brought by Peru Boluz Energy Co., Ltd. (秘鲁博路兹能源股份有限公司), controlled by China Southern Power Grid (中国南方电网), entered Sofia's community. Residential buildings were connected to the power grid, and Sofia's family not only installed electric lights but also added a refrigerator. Her husband set up a small stall at the community intersection. "With electricity, our lives are slowly getting better," she said with a smile.
The Asplodan (阿斯普罗丹) community in Ancon (安孔) also long lacked a stable power supply. In November 2024, the "Ten Thousand Lights" project connected more than 2,200 households to the power grid and installed streetlights on both sides of the main roads. Resident Eduardo Canchano (爱德华多·坎查诺) said, "The days of lighting candles and groping in the dark are gone forever." According to reports, since the implementation of the "Ten Thousand Lights" project, it has completed the electrification of more than 13,000 households, small and medium-sized enterprises, schools, and other places in the suburbs of Lima (利马), benefiting more than 50,000 people. As the project continues to advance, the lights not only illuminate the streets of poor communities but also illuminate the path for more people to pursue their dreams.
Maria (玛丽亚) is an electrical technician in the "Ten Thousand Lights" project. Three years ago, she had to drop out of school because her father was unemployed due to a work injury. "Boluz Company (博路兹公司) gave me a job opportunity and allowed me to master a skill," she said. Now she is responsible for the power grid maintenance in the northern Lima (利马) community, and her income is three times her family's original monthly income. "Now I can not only support myself but also send my younger brother to school."
"To truly achieve poverty reduction and eradication, we must make community residents participants and jointly create a virtuous cycle of 'education-employment-poverty alleviation'," said Liu Wentao (刘文涛), Chairman of Boluz Company (博路兹公司). It is reported that the company provides technical education scholarships to young people over 17 years old in the franchise area. As of now, more than 900 young people have received scholarship support, including 91 women. Brenda Ortiz (布伦达·奥尔蒂斯), 20, is one of them. She said, "I hope that one day I can go to China (中国) to learn advanced power technology and then come back to benefit the community."
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王昊男
Strengthen the functions of public service platforms such as the citizen hotline to promote "responding to the needs of the people."
——Excerpt from the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal
In the evening, long queues of people waiting for meals have formed on Gui Street (簋街), a well-known food street in Dongcheng District (东城区), Beijing (北京市). Li Junhui (李军辉), a delivery rider, parked his electric vehicle next to the battery swapping cabinet at the restaurant entrance, scanned the code, and swapped the battery. The whole process, including picking up the meal, took less than 5 minutes. "In the past, I had to wait in line for 20 minutes to change the battery, which often led to order timeouts." He said as he walked, "It really worked after I reported it to 12345."
In the first half of this year, Dongcheng District (东城区), Beijing (北京市) received 2,305 complaints from riders, many of which reflected difficulties in parking, finding restaurants, and swapping batteries.
Responding to the needs of the people. In response to public demands, Beijing (北京) launched targeted governance to improve the service experience for delivery riders on Gui Street (簋街): designating exclusive parking areas, adding battery swapping cabinets; encouraging businesses to set up guides and erect signs to facilitate finding restaurants; and piloting "rider + property management" relay delivery, with property management personnel assisting in diverting meal pickups during peak hours; while addressing the riders' demands, the overall service standards of the business district are being upgraded.
Behind the hotline is an urban governance reform driven by public demands. In 2019, Beijing (北京) took the 12345 Citizen Service Hotline as the main channel to innovatively promote the "Responding Immediately Upon Receiving a Complaint" reform, building a mechanism for rapid response, efficient handling, timely feedback, and proactive governance of citizen demands.
"One number responds, fully accepting complaints. The entire process of receiving, dispatching, handling, and evaluating is controlled." Yao Lei (姚磊), director of the Beijing (北京市) Citizen Hotline Service Center, said that 12345 is like a "digital nerve," sensing various needs in the city. "We are promoting the deep integration of digital intelligence technology and urban governance to make this hotline smarter and warmer."
It manages both life and ecology. At about 9 a.m. this morning, the hotline platform received a call from a citizen: "There is a bulldozer working on the Yongding River (永定河) bank, destroying the sand martin habitat!"
The hotline drives multi-party response. Around 11 a.m., staff from the water resources, landscaping departments, and local government arrived at the scene; around 12 p.m., the construction machinery was withdrawn; at 4 p.m., the area requiring protection was clearly delineated. Standing in front of the newly installed fence, volunteer Sun Leijian (孙磊健) exclaimed, "A few phone calls can make a bulldozer turn around and give the sand martins a safe home."
One hotline forces governance upgrades. In Yanqing District (延庆区), heating equipment failures have led to a direct dispatch mechanism of "on-site service in 2 hours, repair in 4 hours"; at Beijing West Railway Station (北京西站), the AI system enables second-level response to 200,000 passengers; in the Beijing Economic-Technological Development Area (经开区), AI inspection vehicles can identify 37 types of urban problems... Over the past six years, the Beijing (北京) 12345 Citizen Service Hotline has cumulatively accepted 170 million complaints from the public and enterprises, with a resolution rate of 97.2% and a satisfaction rate of 97.6%.
"Responding immediately upon receiving a complaint truly makes citizens participants and supervisors in urban governance, forming a virtuous interaction between the city and its citizens." Shen Binhua (沈彬华), Deputy Secretary-General of the Beijing (北京市) Municipal People's Government and Director of the Beijing (北京) Municipal Government Service and Data Management Bureau, said, "During the '15th Five-Year Plan' period, we will further strengthen the functions of public service platforms such as the citizen service hotline to truly achieve 'responding to the needs of the people.'"
Return to TopBy: 陈 震
In life, we often see delivery drivers so busy they are 晕头转向 (yūn tóu zhuàn xiàng - "dizzy and disoriented," extremely busy and confused), unable to find places to park, pick up food, or change batteries. Where should one report these kinds of problems where it's unclear who is responsible?
In recent years, citizen service hotlines have increasingly become convenient and efficient "general customer service" platforms. In Beijing (北京), 12345 has resolved the pain points of delivery drivers: designating parking areas, adding battery swapping stations, dispatching guides... A series of measures have been implemented and have taken effect, behind which there is both a sense of responsibility of "accepting complaints and handling them immediately" and "one dispatch order manages to the end," as well as mature and effective mechanisms and methods such as coordinating all parties, consolidating responsibilities, analyzing and researching, and providing feedback and evaluation.
One hotline, multiple benefits. By resolving requests one by one, related work can be improved in a targeted manner. The public opinions gathered by big data help to practice "the people's city is built by the people, and the people's city is for the people." Smooth communication between governors and the masses can not only resolve specific problems, bringing a sense of gain and happiness to the masses, but also 未雨绸缪 (wèi yǔ chóu móu - "before it rains, mend the roof," to plan ahead; to take precautions), providing all-weather security for daily life.
To efficiently solve the urgent and difficult problems that the masses are concerned about, it is necessary to continue to make good use of the citizen service hotline as a key, unlock more paths and methods, and let urban governance work directly reach the hearts of thousands of households.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 亓玉昆
November is National Fire Prevention Publicity Month, with the theme of "Fire Safety for All, Life First - Safe Use of Fire and Electricity." Creating fire safety science popularization bases, holding open days for fire stations, and carrying out investigations into fire safety hazards... In recent days, various regions have innovated scenarios and carried out a variety of themed activities to make the public's awareness of fire safety more deeply rooted in people's hearts.
Simulating the scene of a fire in a kitchen or living room, and using electric bicycle sheds as "fire safety training grounds"... Recently, the 2025 Fire Prevention Publicity Month "Community and Village Fire Safety Tour" presentation and performance event in Chaoyang District (朝阳区), Beijing (北京市) was held in Langyuan (郎园). A full-size shed was specially built at the event site, and the methods of extinguishing initial fires and evacuation procedures were demonstrated through real-scene replication and actual combat drills.
"Everyone, pay attention, you must not use water to put out a fire in a hot oil pan!" In Luobin Village (洛滨村), Guokeng Town (郭坑镇), Longwen District (龙文区), Zhangzhou City (漳州市), Fujian Province (福建省), a wok suddenly burst into fierce flames, and the firefighter explained and demonstrated the fire extinguishing method. The Zhangzhou Fire and Rescue Detachment (漳州市消防救援支队) sent fire safety knowledge to thousands of households through the publicity model of "experimental demonstration + practical teaching + hidden danger investigation."
In order to further enhance the fire safety awareness of enterprises and improve their ability to prevent and rescue themselves in response to sudden fire accidents, the Wuhan Fire and Rescue Detachment (武汉市消防救援支队) in Hubei Province (湖北省) took the initiative to connect with enterprises in its jurisdiction, and improved the fire safety quality of employees through theoretical training, evacuation drills, and practical training, so as to escort the safe production of enterprises.
It is the winter season, and the use of fire and electricity has increased, and the probability of fire has increased. In response to the fire safety needs and risk characteristics of different groups, various regions have carried out precise publicity.
"Brother Liu's words are too biased, fire safety should be kept in mind, three cleans and three checks should not be lazy, and the debris on the balcony should be cleared..." Recently, at the Party and Mass Service Center of Zuowa Village (左洼村), Hugang Township (湖岗乡), Qi County (杞县), Kaifeng City (开封市), Henan Province (河南省), a "sending opera to the countryside" cultural performance wrapped in "fire safety flavor" kicked off. Kaifeng City (开封市) incorporated fire safety knowledge on the safe use of fire and electricity into opera and other cultural programs, so that villagers could firmly remember fire safety knowledge while watching the opera.
The Sichuan Provincial Forest Fire Brigade (四川省森林消防总队) joined forces with the Dujiangyan Scenic Area Administration (都江堰景区管理局), the Yajiang County Khampa Art Troupe (雅江县康巴汉子艺术团), and the Seda County Horseback Propaganda Team (色达县马背宣讲队) to carry out policy and regulation publicity and warning education in shopping malls, villages, factories, mines, and other places, integrating typical cases into sketches, situational dramas, and poems, and sending them to the masses, guiding farmers and herdsmen to strengthen fire source control and adhere to the safety bottom line.
Fire safety is not only the responsibility of fire departments and fire rescue personnel, but also the common responsibility of the whole society.
Smart and brave fire rescue dogs, powerful fire trucks, and fire helicopters that integrate patrol and extinguishing... Recently, the Qingdao Fire and Rescue Detachment (青岛市消防救援支队) in Shandong Province (山东省) held a fire safety citizen open day event, attracting more than 30,000 citizens to participate enthusiastically. Fire equipment display, fire knowledge explanation, fire extinguishing experience and other colorful projects, so that the visiting citizens gained a lot.
In the Emergency Fire Protection Education and Experience Hall in Yuhang District (余杭区), Hangzhou City (杭州市), Zhejiang Province (浙江省), under the guidance of educational videos and commentators, children put on costumes such as firefighters and medical staff, and quickly integrated into the safety education situation. In the simulated smoke duct, the children bent down, covered their mouths and noses, and evacuated in an orderly manner along the evacuation indicator lights, completing a realistic fire escape drill.
Hainan (海南) launched the "Youth is in Progress, Fire Protection Escort" campaign, organizing college student fire volunteers to go deep into communities to carry out publicity activities; Shanxi (山西) staged fire-themed light shows and drone performances in Pingyao Ancient City (平遥古城), Datong Ancient City (大同古城) and other places; in Guizhou (贵州), firefighters went deep into villages and used ethnic minority languages to explain common sense about the use of fire and electricity...
Various regions have innovated forms and practices, and widely carried out activities such as learning about the knowledge of using fire and electricity, fire warning education, and emergency evacuation drills, effectively enhancing the public's awareness of fire safety and self-rescue capabilities, and promoting the whole society to pay attention to fire safety, support fire safety, and participate in fire safety.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 吴 焰 田 泓 巨云鹏
Returning to Caoxi Third Village (漕溪三村), where she had lived for more than 40 years, 68-year-old Gu Lanmei (顾兰妹) beamed with joy as she opened the door to her new home. What made her particularly satisfied was the new toilet installed in the bathroom.
With a light press of the toilet button, water flushed down with a whoosh. Gu Lanmei (顾兰妹) exclaimed, "Many people may not understand how much suffering there is without a bathroom at home. We carried chamber pots for most of our lives, so we know it best."
In recent days, like Gu Lanmei (顾兰妹), Ji Changping (纪昌平) from the 729 neighborhood, Cheng Jinxin (程金鑫) from Guizhou Road (贵州路), Qiu Zonghe (裘宗河) from Changle Village (长乐邨), Zhang Zimei (张自妹) from Yanling Village (延陵邨)... these Shanghai (上海) "uncles" and "aunties" have had new experiences in their lives.
In September of this year, 118 households in Block 8 of Huangpu District (黄浦区) who "carried chamber pots" completed their contracts and moved out one after another. With this, the Shanghai (上海) "carrying chamber pots" renovation task, spanning more than 30 years, was generally completed.
Shanghai (上海) can finally say goodbye to carrying chamber pots on its path to modernization. Behind this lies great compassion and great concern for people's livelihood.
Taking the upgrading and renovation of old houses without sanitary facilities as a starting point, Shanghai (上海) has embarked on a path of urban renewal and improvement of people's livelihood in a megacity, interpreting the power of truth and the great power of practice of the people-centered urban development concept, and writing a Shanghai (上海) story of Chinese-style modernization.
"The Toughest Nut to Crack"
The small chamber pot is a microcosm of urban development history and also "the toughest nut to crack" in Shanghai's (上海) urban renewal.
In 1990, Leng Yuying (冷玉英) graduated from university and joined the then Shanghai Municipal Construction Commission (上海市建委), later serving as the Deputy Director of the Shanghai Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Administration (上海市房屋管理局). For more than 30 years, she participated in the entire process of the "chamber pot battle."
To be precise, it should be "old district renovation." A large number of "old, small, dilapidated" houses lacked sanitary facilities, and Shanghai (上海) residents were accustomed to placing a chamber pot or spittoon in their homes, which they carried to the nearby night soil station every morning.
The first time Leng Yuying (冷玉英) saw the scene of "carrying chamber pots," her eyes widened: Is this really Shanghai (上海)?
In 1990, the per capita living area in Shanghai (上海) was 6.6 square meters, and the rate of self-contained housing was only 31.6%. In a small space, the whole family lived together, and toilets were either shared by several families or simply non-existent. The life scene of "carrying chamber pots through the alleyways" was full of the hardships and helplessness of many Shanghai (上海) citizens.
Shen Xincheng (沈辛成), born in 1984, was most afraid of going to his grandparents' home in Xingfu Village (幸福村), Changning District (长宁区), when he was a child. The old-style lane houses were exquisite in appearance but had no toilets. A hand-carried wooden bucket "hid" in the corner of the stairs. "The whole family used one chamber pot, covered with a lid. But the smell, how could it be covered?"
Childhood memories are so deep. While pursuing a doctoral degree abroad, Shen Xincheng (沈辛成) chose the history of Shanghai (上海) water supply and drainage engineering as the topic of his dissertation.
"Behind the flush toilet are urban governance concepts, infrastructure configuration, upstream and downstream industries, and citizens' lifestyles." After returning to China, Shen Xincheng (沈辛成) was hired by the Institute for the History of Science and Culture at Shanghai Jiao Tong University (上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院) to continue comparative research on water supply and drainage engineering in various countries.
At the beginning of the 20th century, flush toilets began to enter the lives of Shanghai (上海) people. Where did the sewage produced by water toilets go? Because the cost of building large-scale sewage pipe networks was very high, and it was impossible to demolish surface buildings and re-bury pipes, a model of using both sewage pipe networks and septic tanks was adopted at that time.
"This 'two-part model' brought difficulties to Shanghai (上海) in winning the 'chamber pot battle' a century later." Shen Xincheng (沈辛成) said that for Shanghai (上海) to completely say goodbye to "carrying chamber pots," "the difficulty is world-class!"
"Chinese-Style Modernization, People's Livelihood Comes First"
"Chinese-style modernization, people's livelihood comes first."
In the 1990s, "owning one square meter (of toilet) of dignity" became the wish of countless Shanghai (上海) citizens.
"We cannot move towards modernization carrying chamber pots" became the call and expectation of all sectors of Shanghai (上海). After the reform and opening up, Shanghai (上海) continued to work hard to solve housing difficulties and launched rounds of renovation and upgrading of old houses.
Leng Yuying (冷玉英) has two particularly profound feelings.
One is General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) concern for the renovation of old districts in Shanghai (上海).
When he was still working in Shanghai (上海), the renovation of old districts was a key livelihood project that Xi Jinping (习近平) paid attention to. During a survey at Chengxing Neighborhood Committee (承兴居委) in Huangpu District (黄浦区), Xi Jinping (习近平) paid close attention to the kitchen renovation of the Shikumen (石库门) lane houses that was underway. He said, "Such small things and practical things do not seem so grand, not as wonderful as building a tall building, but they benefit the masses. We must do such things one by one." "Kitchen renovation is relatively easy. I think the most difficult thing is to solve the toilet problem." After working in the central government, Xi Jinping (习近平) always cared about this and paid special attention to the progress of solving the "toilet" problem during several inspections in Shanghai (上海).
"The General Secretary's people-centered feelings moved us and made us feel a greater responsibility." Shanghai (上海) cadres were determined: We must never wait until Shanghai (上海) becomes the most advanced metropolis in the world before there is still a phenomenon of "carrying chamber pots." Things that benefit the masses, "no matter how difficult, we must find a way to solve them."
The other is the continuous efforts of successive Shanghai (上海) Municipal Party Committees and Municipal Governments.
In solving the livelihood problem of toilet renovation, the Shanghai (上海) Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have always adhered to the concept of "people's livelihood comes first," persevering and making continuous efforts to promote urban renewal and improve the quality of people's lives, allowing the concept of people-centered urban development to take root through these "key small things."
In the 1990s, Shanghai (上海) promoted the renovation of "365 dangerous shacks and simple houses" and the renovation of old houses into self-contained units, benefiting approximately 680,000 households.
Entering the new century, Shanghai (上海) increased its efforts to renovate the contiguous secondary old-style houses in the central urban area. By July 2022, the renovation of contiguous secondary old-style houses in the central urban area had been fully completed, benefiting approximately 960,000 households.
In 2023, targeting the last 14,082 "carrying chamber pots" locations, Shanghai (上海) specified a timetable: complete the overall renovation in two years.
Huangpu District (黄浦区) is the central urban area with the heaviest, most difficult, and most challenging old district renovation task in the city. A detail made Lu Shunfeng (陆顺凤), Secretary of the Party General Branch of Longquan Residential District (龙泉居民区) in Nanjing East Road Street (南京东路街道), feel the firm determination of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government.
The renovation of old houses on Guizhou Road (贵州路) was delayed until this year because the difficulty was too great. To renovate, we can only "draw households" - negotiate the exchange of houses of some residents, so that those who do not have the conditions to install flush toilets in their homes can have sanitary facilities in the space vacated by the "drawn households." One household corresponds to one compartment and one key.
The cost of "drawing households" is far higher than installing them in households. But in the end, 24 households were drawn, solving the problem of no sanitary facilities for 60 households. Lu Shunfeng (陆顺凤) was very emotional: "Only a people-centered city would spend so much money for the people."
In the past two years, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government have provided strong financial guarantees for the city's "carrying chamber pots" renovation and "two old and one village" renovation through the use of special bonds.
Is it worth spending so much money?
Yes!
"As long as there is still a household or even one person who has not solved the basic living problems, we cannot sit idly by" "Our city cannot have skyscrapers on one side and dirty and messy shantytowns on the other"... General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech pointed out the direction for cadres and grassroots workers in Shanghai (上海) and provided fundamental guidance. They often say that these last people "carrying chamber pots" are the city's low-income groups and are mostly disadvantaged groups. We would rather lose economically than improve the quality of life of the people. This is not an economic account, but a socialist livelihood account, which is the value orientation of the people-centered city.
By the end of 2024, the per capita living area in Shanghai (上海) will reach 19.0 square meters, nearly three times that of 1990; the rate of self-contained housing has increased to 98.9%.
"The scale and intensity of Shanghai's (上海) shantytown renovation are rare among the world's major cities." Zhao Min (赵民), a professor at the School of Architecture and Urban Planning of Tongji University (同济大学建筑与城市规划学院), said with emotion, "This is precisely the embodiment of the superiority of the socialist system and a vivid interpretation of the concept of a people-centered city."
"Solve the Relationship Between 'Immediate Improvement' and 'Long-Term Establishment'"
The "chamber pot battle" is also a process of continuous improvement of urban renewal and urban governance from concept to practice.
"Solve the relationship between 'immediate improvement' and 'long-term establishment'" is the content that Shanghai (上海) focuses on grasping when promoting the "chamber pot battle." The relevant departments of the city and districts have always placed this livelihood work in the long-term and overall planning, adhering to the principle of "doing our best and acting according to our ability."
In 2017, the Shanghai (上海) Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government made a directional adjustment to the renovation of old districts, changing the previous "demolition, renovation, and retention go hand in hand, with demolition as the main focus" to "retention, renovation, and demolition go hand in hand, with retention and protection as the main focus"; in 2021, the "Shanghai Urban Renewal Regulations" were issued, clarifying that Shanghai's (上海) urban renewal is committed to improving the city's functions, creating a high-quality life, inheriting historical context, and improving the city's competitiveness and enhancing the city's soft power.
Changle Village (长乐邨), located at No. 39 South Shaanxi Road (陕西南路), has a history of nearly a century and is an excellent historical building in Shanghai (上海).
"Of the current 426 households, more than half are elderly residents, many of whom are over 70 years old." Gong Jianqun (龚建群), Secretary of the Party General Branch of Jinjiang Residential District (锦江居民区) in Ruijin Second Road Street (瑞金二路街道), introduced that in the process of carrying out the renovation of excellent historical residential buildings in Changle Village (长乐邨), improving the quality of life of residents and protecting historical buildings have become goals that need to be completed together.
Inside the rooms, 122 sanitary facilities were added, and 56 age-appropriate sanitary facilities were updated through relocation, division, and transfer. The decayed roofs and fragile and aging brick-wood structures were completely replaced and reinforced; outside the rooms, the original Mansard roofs, fish-scale walls, dormer windows, and other architectural features were all preserved, and the waterproof function was improved on the basis of repairing the old as before.
After Jing'an District (静安区) took the lead in completing the contiguous old renovation in 2020, it continued to improve the surrounding facilities, install age-appropriate facilities, and establish a "15-minute living circle." "While providing convenience to the masses during the transition period of urban renewal and improving the community's sanitary environment, we are accumulating data and experience for future continuous renewal." said Li Qing (李卿), Director of the Jing'an District Housing Security and Housing Management Bureau (静安区住房保障和房屋管理局).
"Good Things Must Be Done Well, and Practical Things Must Be Done Practically"
The people build the people's city, and the people's city is for the people.
No. 101 Lane, Puyudong Road (普育东路) is located in Huangpu District (黄浦区) and is a typical "old, small, dilapidated" house in the center of Shanghai (上海). Through two rounds of consultation, it was demolished and rebuilt, and the installation of sanitary facilities and the renovation of houses were promoted simultaneously.
"Good things must be done well, and practical things must be done practically." Pan Xinghua (潘兴华), Director of the Huangpu District Housing Security and Housing Management Bureau (黄浦区住房保障和房屋管理局), said, "In our work, we always remember: Renovation is for the residents, so we must rely on the residents, listen to the residents, and respect the wishes of the masses."
Respecting the wishes of the masses is reflected in the "one household, one plan" in the design.
The Architectural Design and Research Institute of Tongji University (同济大学建筑设计研究院) undertook the design work for the renovation of this house. Designer Wang Xingchi (汪星池) and his colleagues came here, set up a consultation desk, spread out the drawings, and discussed the design issues of the new house with the residents face-to-face.
"My son is big and wants a bigger place to take a bath" "We have feelings for the old furniture and will move it back later and put it in the same place" "My mother is old, and I want to live closer to her after moving back so that I can take care of her"...
"It's completely different from newly built commercial housing. It must be designed according to the requirements of the residents, one household at a time." Wang Xingchi (汪星池) and the residential district cadres worked here for three months, starting at 8:30 in the morning and sometimes until 11:00 at night, putting the design requirements of each household on paper and signing for confirmation.
The original 142 houses could not meet the construction needs. The street community respected the wishes of the masses, and 20 households "drew households" and moved out, freeing up renovation space. "Moving around" according to the needs of the masses in the framed space structure, the mirrors in the bathrooms in this newly built house are round and square, the kitchen countertops are high and low, and the bathrooms are large and small. "One household, one plan" is full of warmth.
Respecting the wishes of the masses is reflected in listening to the voices of the people and respecting public opinion throughout the process.
Qishan Village (岐山村) in Changning District (长宁区) is an excellent historical building in Shanghai (上海). Many residents living here share sanitary facilities with their neighbors. When the renovation was started that year, it was necessary to repair the old as before, and not even a water pipe could be added to the exterior wall of the building.
"Then what are we renovating?" Zhu Weihong (朱卫红), Secretary of the Party General Branch of Qishan Residential District (岐山居民区), remembers that only 30% of the residents agreed at the first consultation meeting. Some people stood up and left on the spot when they heard the words "restrictions on historical protected buildings."
Zhu Weihong (朱卫红) once thought about giving up and told the district that it could not be renovated. But some residents came to her and talked about their experiences of sharing toilets, and they were about to cry as they talked, "If we don't renovate this time, when will we have to wait until next time?"
"The urgent desire of the residents pushed me forward." Zhu Weihong (朱卫红) said that in order to find out the mentality of the residents, she simply conducted a large-scale visit and survey. The analysis found that the vast majority of those who were unwilling to renovate were residents who rented out their houses. Those who lived in them were still very eager to renovate.
Zhu Weihong (朱卫红) and the designers conducted research together and determined four renovation plans based on local conditions: First, divide the shared toilet into a private one; second, encourage residents to take out one square meter of indoor space to add a toilet; third, increase the location of the toilet to improve efficiency; fourth, if the first three plans cannot be implemented, then improve the existing settings. Seeing that various plans were gradually being tried, the number of residents who agreed to the renovation increased from 30% to 70%.
Zhu Weihong (朱卫红) said that this is not only a renovation process, but also a process of comforting the residents' feelings and even facing the residents' conflicts directly.
In the course of 7 months, more than 380 coordination meetings were held to discuss and solve the problems that the masses were concerned about one by one. Finally, 172 pilot renovations of sanitary facilities were completed according to the wishes of the residents, improving the living environment of 486 households.
"The divided toilets are all marked on the drawings, and the residents sign an agreement, and the residents, the neighborhood committee, and the property management each keep a copy. Only by doing practical work can we protect the rights and interests of all parties." This is the experience summarized by Zhu Weihong (朱卫红).
Respecting the wishes of the masses is also reflected in "being ready at any time." At present, there are still dozens of households in Shanghai (上海) who have not agreed to the renovation for various reasons. "As long as they have renovation needs, we will respond as soon as possible." said the relevant staff.
"Adapt to Local Conditions and Put in Enough 'Embroidery Effort'"
"We must make a difference in the snail shell!" From grassroots party organizations to design and construction personnel to cadres and residents, all parties have put in enough "embroidery effort" and worked together to gather strength for the dream between square inches.
Courtyards, drying platforms, under the stairs... "For some that really have no conditions, we use the 'drawing households' method to negotiate the exchange of residents' houses and free up space to renovate sanitary facilities." Ma Mingyu (马明玉), Chief of the Urban Renewal Section of the Huangpu District Housing Security and Housing Management Bureau (黄浦区住房保障和房屋管理局城市更新科), said that with "embroidery effort," a total of 24 households were negotiated and exchanged in the Guizhou Road (贵州路) block. In June of this year, the renovation of no sanitary facilities was successfully completed.
In Caoxi Third Village (漕溪三村) in Xuhui District (徐汇区), there are 172 households living in two 3-story old buildings. Before the renovation, not only did the residents of the entire building need to "carry chamber pots" every day, but also 44 households faced north and could not get sunlight all year round.
"We must not only solve the problem of sanitary facilities for the masses, but also allow more residents to have good lighting." Liu Xiaodi (刘小娣), Deputy Director of the Design Institute of Shanghai Tianhua Architectural Design Co., Ltd. (上海天华建筑设计有限公司设计副所长), said that after repeated revisions, the design of demolition and reconstruction abandoned the north-facing houses, increased the east-west orientation, and eliminated "dark rooms."
After the renovation of Caoxi Third Village (漕溪三村) was completed in September of this year, 70-year-old Yan Weiming (严伟明) was the first to move back. Originally living in a north-facing house, he now has a south-facing house. "The house was renovated without spending a penny. I spent more than 40,000 yuan to buy these cabinets, tables and chairs, and I was happy to spend it!" said Yan Weiming (严伟明).
"Overall planning, overall consideration, adapting to local conditions, and putting in enough 'embroidery effort'. According to the renovation block and housing conditions, 'one policy for each district and one plan for each project' is to ensure that the needs of the masses have the best solution." said Gao Shiyun (高世昀), Director of the Shanghai Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Development Administration (上海市房屋管理局).
For Shanghai's urban development, solving the "carrying a chamber pot" problem is an epitome of housing security and improvement of people's livelihood.
After historically completing the renovation of large areas of Grade II old residential areas in 2022, from 2023 to the present, Shanghai has comprehensively completed the renovation of 380,000 square meters of houses below the scattered Grade II old residential areas in the central urban area, benefiting 13,000 households; completed the renovation of 850,000 square meters of incomplete old houses such as small beam and thin slab houses, benefiting 24,000 households; accelerated the launch of 56 urban village renovation projects, benefiting 22,000 households, significantly enhancing the sense of gain, happiness, and security of citizens in terms of housing.
The "Suggestions" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed: "Adhere to the connotative development of the city, vigorously implement urban renewal, and build a modern people's city that is innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and intelligent." To allow more citizens to feel the warmth of the city at their doorsteps and in the details, Shanghai is interpreting and practicing the concept of a people's city with a stronger consciousness, more powerful actions, and new and greater achievements.
"We must keep in mind the earnest entrustment of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), do a better job in the work of megacities, focus on optimizing the urban spatial layout, strengthen urban development support, improve the quality of urban life, improve urban governance effectiveness, and promote the construction of a modern people's city to a new level," said Chen Jining (陈吉宁), Secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee.
Return to TopRecently, after the rice harvest in Yantang Village (严唐村), Jiangyan District (姜堰区), Taizhou City (泰州市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), 6,000 straw bales were produced, and the unique scenery attracted many tourists to visit and take photos.
Yantang Village (严唐村) has launched new business formats such as straw bale cafes, and held photography and short video competitions, and rural concerts, to drive consumption through the integration of agriculture and tourism, and plans to sell the straw bales to paper making and power generation companies to realize the reuse of waste resources. The picture shows tourists playing and taking pictures in the straw bale landscape of Yantang Village (严唐村) on November 29.
Photo by Tang Dehong (汤德宏) (People's Vision)
Return to TopBy: 石 羚
The reconstruction of the relationship between people and rivers reflects the improvement of ecological civilization awareness and the upgrading of governance concepts.
Continuously opening up the "imagination space" of rivers, realizing the full integration of leisure, commerce, culture, and other resources, seamlessly connecting buildings, streets, and municipal facilities, and coordinating the governance of water, scenery, culture, and tourism, can better meet the people's needs for a better life with the limited carrying capacity of water resources.
Early winter sunshine, midday. Strolling along the Liangma River (亮马河) in Beijing (北京). Appreciating the scenery along the bank and gazing at the towering buildings. Busyness and leisure, noise and quiet, business districts and green spaces, nature and humanity, all are here.
West of Yansha Bridge (燕莎桥), there are few paddleboard enthusiasts on the water, but anglers on the north and south banks are still enthusiastic. Mr. Li (李) a resident who has been fishing here for more than 40 years, opened the conversation when talking about the changes of the past and present. "In the past, sewage was discharged secretly, and the water was very turbid, and sometimes it smelled strange." "In the past, you had to slide down the slope to get to the river, but now the platform is built to the water's edge." The river is "closer" to people, and people are "closer" to the river. What is brought closer is not only the physical distance, but also the inner distance.
Rivers are the carriers of urban memory. From the lush aquatic plants in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, where people washed and dried horses, to the siltation of riverbeds and direct discharge of sewage in the last century, when merchants along the river once operated with their backs to the river, to the comprehensive renovation in 2019, the international style waterfront has become the city's "golden business card." The "awakening" of the Liangma River (亮马河) has become a vivid footnote to the changing relationship between people, rivers, and cities.
The ancients once discussed the three realms of "looking at mountains and looking at water." Isn't this the urban story that many people have experienced: In the past, "seeing water as water," people lived along the river, and the daily life of fishing, playing in the water, and washing was closely related to the river; when industrialization and urbanization accelerated, "seeing water is not water" under extensive development, river pollution intensified, and it was difficult to find waterfront spaces; promoting the construction of ecological civilization, people and rivers coexist harmoniously, "seeing water is still water." The reconstruction of the relationship between people and rivers reflects the improvement of ecological civilization awareness and the upgrading of governance concepts.
Behind the interaction between people and rivers is the relationship between people and the city. Today, people are increasingly aware that cities are not only spaces for production and life, but also places for the soul to live. The mode of getting resources and space from the city unilaterally and discharging pollutants at will is unsustainable. The city supports the people, and the people prosper the city. People and the city can achieve each other.
From this perspective, "seeing water is still water" is not just a return to the original, but also an optimization and upgrading. People's expectations for waterfront space are as always, but for constantly growing metropolises, the function of rivers is more abundant.
West of Bisha Bridge (碧沙桥), retired Zhang Dama (张大妈) and Zhang Daye (张大爷) played "Textile Girl" with electronic wind instruments and Hawaiian guitars, and the melodious melody attracted pedestrians to stop; under Yinma Bridge (饮马桥), cruise ships passed by, and tourists who had just visited the Blue Harbor (蓝色港湾) business district boarded the ship to enjoy the scenery and take beautiful photos of each other; passing Good Luck Bridge (好运桥), people ordered a cup of coffee and studied in the riverside bookstore; north of Friendship Bridge (友谊桥), an exhibition of paintings by Spanish painter Joaquin Sorolla (华金·索罗亚) was unveiled on the riverside... From recreational spaces, urban landscapes to cultural venues and waterfront business districts, the Liangma River (亮马河) accommodates more diverse lifestyles, highlighting not only ecological beauty, but also the atmosphere of daily life and artistic flavor.
At present, China's urban development is shifting from a stage of large-scale incremental expansion to a stage dominated by stock quality improvement and efficiency enhancement. For urban river management, it is important to protect the water ecology, but also to pay attention to water life and water economy; we should focus on the "line" of the river, and also coordinate the "surface" of the river bank, and avoid large-scale demolition and construction. Continuously opening up the "imagination space" of rivers, realizing the full integration of leisure, commerce, culture, and other resources, seamlessly connecting buildings, streets, and municipal facilities, and coordinating the governance of water, scenery, culture, and tourism, can better meet the people's needs for a better life with the limited carrying capacity of water resources.
This requires breaking the "nine dragons governing water" model and allowing water affairs, gardens, culture and tourism, urban management and other departments and enterprises to participate in coordination, and promoting the connotative development of the city through governance upgrades.
"The people's city is for the people." What is governed is the river, what is updated is the city, and what is focused on is the people. Previously, some citizens reported that strollers and wheelchairs could not enter the walkway due to the obstruction of the hairpin gate. The Chaoyang District (朝阳区) Water Affairs Bureau (水务局) developed and installed a new type of revolving door, which not only blocked electric vehicles and bicycles, but also facilitated special groups. Details reflect the people's hearts and test wisdom. Taking into account both current and long-term affairs, solving problems with practical and ingenious measures, and taking care of the scenery with perseverance and patience, can truly return the river to the people and leave the best resources to the masses.
"A city is beautiful with water, and a residence is spiritual with water." In Tianjin's Haihe River (海河), a music concert by the bridge plays beautiful notes, and the winding river is transformed into an art gallery; in Shanghai's Huangpu River (黄浦江), buildings of various countries and skyscrapers reflect each other, highlighting the inclusive atmosphere of Shanghai... The interaction between people, rivers, and cities has shaped a unique physical space and created a brilliant history and culture. This cultural context is like flowing water, constant from ancient times to the present, and always new. By integrating ancient genes and new qualities, and exploring a new model of harmonious coexistence between people and water and the suitability of people and cities, we can continuously gather popularity, stimulate vitality, and gather humanities, so that the city's river can benefit the people and help the river of civilization flow endlessly.
(The author is an editor in the Commentary Department of this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 李君强
Using digitalization as the "blood" and "nerves" to activate the perception, judgment, and coordination capabilities of the city's organic life, what is achieved is not only the symbiosis and co-prosperity of "people, city, environment, and industry," but also a profound reshaping of the logic of urban development.
The intelligent lighting system adjusts brightness based on pedestrian and vehicle traffic and natural light, saving energy and electricity. Integrated sensors monitor air quality, noise, temperature, and humidity in real-time. The elderly care system solves the problem of unattended elderly people... The future smart city's appearance can be glimpsed through these innovative applications.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposes: "Build innovative, livable, beautiful, resilient, civilized, and smart modern people's cities." The National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) and other five departments jointly issued the "Action Plan for Deepening the Development of Smart Cities and Promoting Digital Transformation in All Regions" (《深化智慧城市发展 推进全域数字化转型行动计划》), requiring full play to be given to the role of data in empowering urban economic and social development. The city is a comprehensive carrier for promoting the construction of Digital China (数字中国). From top-level design to specific practice, the more "evolved" the smart city, the more "new" the lives of the people become.
In recent years, China's smart city development has achieved remarkable results. The city's data foundation has been gradually consolidated, data application scenarios have become increasingly rich, and the digital transformation ecosystem has been continuously optimized... Using digitalization as the "blood" and "nerves" to activate the perception, judgment, and coordination capabilities of the city's organic life, what is achieved is not only the symbiosis and co-prosperity of "people, city, environment, and industry," but also a profound reshaping of the logic of urban development.
"Wisdom" improves efficiency and promotes urban governance upgrades. Shanghai (上海) promotes "One Network Management" ("一网统管"), Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江) creates "City Brain" ("城市大脑"), and Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区), Hebei (河北) builds "Digital Twin City" ("数字孪生城市")... The construction of smart cities helps to achieve facility interconnection, data integration, platform interoperability, and business connectivity. The operation of "one network" and the governance of "one game of chess" greatly improve the level of urban management and service capabilities.
The underlying color of "wisdom" is for the people, making the city more warm. The masses have the most say in whether the construction of smart cities is good or not. Lixia District (历下区), Jinan (济南), Shandong (山东) has established a smart elderly care system, created electronic health records for more than 30,000 elderly people, and created a new smart elderly care industry; Ningbo (宁波), Zhejiang (浙江) has built an "AI+Medical" intelligent ecosystem, greatly shortening the average time patients spend seeing a doctor offline. Focusing on the urgent and difficult problems of the masses and expanding the application scenarios of smart cities can continuously enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
Looking to the future, deepening the development of smart cities can be achieved by focusing on three aspects.
Full-domain transformation is the direction. Government services are shifting from "one thing" to "many things," and city operations are shifting from "one scenario" to "many scenarios." The construction of smart cities is shifting from single-point construction to system coordination. Taking advantage of the momentum, promoting digital transformation in all fields, enhancing transformation support in all directions, and optimizing the transformation ecology in the whole process, and improving the intelligence and refinement of urban governance can inject strong impetus into the construction of modern people's cities.
Reform and innovation are the key. Many places lack coordination and linkage mechanisms in the construction of smart cities, and face problems such as inconsistent data standards and incompatible data interfaces. The phenomenon of "data silos" still exists. Some intelligent scenarios do not match public needs, and the application effect is not good. To break down the blockages and bottlenecks of digital transformation, it is also necessary to deepen the adaptation reform, which emphasizes cross-departmental, cross-level, and cross-regional overall coordination, and also focuses on encouraging and supporting each city to adapt to local conditions and explore the path of full-domain digital transformation in a differentiated manner.
Security is the foundation. Information and data, as new elements of urban governance, bring new challenges while providing convenience. Issues such as data security, algorithm bias, and privacy protection all require responses from the system. The construction of smart cities should not only pursue data running fast and accurately, but also guard the bottom line of security and clarify the boundaries of rights and responsibilities in all aspects of collection, storage, use, and sharing.
The "evolution" of smart cities is not only a technical proposition, but also a process of updating governance concepts, improving the institutional system, and reshaping the relationship between people and cities. Opening a new stage of full-domain digital transformation of cities, using the power of digital to promote high-quality urban development, the beautiful picture of a new path of urban modernization with Chinese characteristics is promising.
Return to TopBy: 余先怀
Technological innovation provides new paths for ecological and environmental protection, while ecological and environmental protection provides application scenarios for new technologies.
"Chirp, chirp"—this is the clear call of the light-vented bulbul; "jiya, jiya"—the call of the masked laughingthrush is more urgent... My job is to use technology to identify birds by their calls, compare changes in bird sound spectrograms, analyze bird migration patterns, habitat preferences, and population changes, and help determine the health of wetland ecosystems, providing a basis for ecological protection. I am stationed at the Shuang桂 Lake National Wetland Park (双桂湖国家湿地公园) in Liangping (梁平), Chongqing (重庆), watching migratory birds come every spring and leave every autumn, listening to the wetlands sometimes quiet and sometimes lively. This tidal rhythm is the vitality of nature. It is the responsibility of wetland conservationists to protect this vitality.
Compared to the vast wetland environment, bird sounds are weak, and decoding bird sounds and analyzing sound spectrograms requires special attention. Analyzing a bird's call thousands of times to more accurately identify species; building workstations along the lake to respond to data fluctuations as soon as possible; repeatedly refining the operation and maintenance plan of intelligent equipment to improve work efficiency and level... Over the years, the number of bird species I have identified has increased from 137 to 221, including 28 species of national first- and second-class protected animals, including the Baer's pochard, glossy ibis, and Chinese merganser. New species are constantly jumping onto the branches, and I can always feel surprises. How many secrets does nature still hold? Only by protecting it can we find the answer.
Ecological protection must be one step ahead and think ahead. Today, our team has built the Shuang桂 Lake (双桂湖) Bird AI Monitoring Big Data Platform. The powerful computing power module can analyze 30 images per second with a recognition success rate of up to 99%. Last winter, the system automatically captured images of the Baer's pochard, a national first-class protected animal, and we immediately launched a protection plan to delineate a temporary protected area. As soon as the Baer's pochard lands, it can enjoy a comfortable environment and can rest undisturbed. Adhering to technology for good and making good use of technology can invisibly achieve "**万物并育而不相害**" (wàn wù bìng yù ér bù xiāng hài - "all things grow together without harming each other," all things in nature should be able to coexist harmoniously), and achieve harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.
In recent years, as the concept of ecological and environmental protection has taken root in people's hearts, more "smart partners" have come to the wetlands, writing stories of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature. The Internet of Things technology connects water quality sensors, weather stations, and protection centers to monitor water health in real time. This is a manifestation of systematic thinking in the field of environmental protection; the soundscape database is not only used for scientific research, but also derives cultural and tourism products such as "soundscape guides," allowing tourists to get closer to nature. This is a gift from the integration of the innovation chain and the industrial chain... These are all "symphonies" of the deep integration of technological innovation and ecological and environmental protection. Technological innovation provides new paths for ecological and environmental protection, while ecological and environmental protection provides application scenarios for new technologies. The integration of the two can not only promote green productivity, but also better protect green mountains and clear waters.
Technology is an important tool for ecological protection, and human wisdom and patience are still needed to make it useful and effective. In 2024, we installed 3 sets of sound spectrogram recognition equipment in Shuang桂 Lake (双桂湖) to capture wetland sounds 24 hours a day, using algorithms to separate bird calls, insect chirps, and frog sounds to identify species. Faced with the complex sound environment of the wetland, the equipment was confused, and we had to go into battle ourselves. The call of the brown shrike is "squeak, squeak," short and urgent, and particularly difficult to record. In order to calibrate the sound spectrogram without disturbing the birds, I had to "nail" myself in the reeds without making a sound. Finally, the "squeak" sounded, and I, soaked by the rain, recorded this pure call. Human willpower and creativity are unmatched by machines, and human-machine collaboration can improve efficiency.
"Protect the ecological environment like protecting our eyes." From being reduced to inferior Class V water due to aquaculture pollution, to stabilizing water quality at Class III after returning farmland to wetlands and ecological restoration, and the number of migratory birds increasing fivefold in 5 years, Shuang桂 Lake (双桂湖) pleases people's body and mind with more beautiful scenery, and also nourishes the source of development with a healthier ecology. Protecting wetlands, protecting the tidal rhythm of wetlands, is protecting the future of harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.
(The author is a senior engineer at the Liangping (梁平) District Wetland Protection Center (湿地保护中心) in Chongqing (重庆). This report was compiled and edited by Shen Jingran (沈靖然), a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopDeveloping childcare services is an important measure to promote high-quality population development and a fertility-friendly society. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China vigorously promoted the construction of a childcare service system. At present, there are 126,000 childcare service institutions nationwide, providing a total of 6.657 million childcare slots. China has reached 4.73 childcare slots for infants and young children under 3 years old per thousand people, exceeding the target set in the "14th Five-Year Plan."
This is precisely:
Childcare slots build a rainbow bridge,
Good policies protect young seedlings.
Relieving the burden on both shoulders,
Enlightenment towards a bright future.
Xu Zhiwen (徐之文)
Return to TopBy: 余姝满
"Hoping that through five years of effort, the average life expectancy of Chinese residents can be increased by one year from the 2024 baseline of 79 years, reaching around 80 years." Not long ago, Lei Haichao (雷海潮), Party Secretary and Director of the National Health Commission (国家卫生健康委), made a statement while interpreting the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, which attracted attention.
How should we understand "another year of improvement"? We can first look at a piece of data: at the beginning of the founding of New China, the average life expectancy in our country was only about 35 years. Then look at a curve: from the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" to the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan," the average life expectancy in our country has increased by one year every five years, reaching 79 years in 2024. A steadily rising "lifeline" is clearly visible. Behind this upward curve is the systematic progress of China's medical level and medical system, and the continuous efforts of our country to improve the social security system and promote the construction of a Healthy China.
It will only be more difficult to improve by another year at a high starting point, and it will face greater changes and more challenges, requiring further advancement and improvement in social adaptability. Its significance is not only in living longer, but also in paying attention to the length of life and the quality of life.
Improving by another year corresponds to more profound and systematic changes in social structure. For individuals, one year may not seem long, but multiplied by more than 1.4 billion people, it is an extension of the overall life scale. The responsibility behind this is greater, not only meaning that medical standards, social security systems, and the ecological environment must be further improved, but also facing challenges such as changes in population structure and a substantial increase in pension demand. For example, currently, everyone is paying close attention to age-friendly renovations. Large-print versions of drug instructions, enlarged versions of APPs, and the installation of elevators in old residential areas... Social adaptation to aging is all-round and multi-layered, including infrastructure and ideological awareness. Only with warmth and texture can it meet the common expectations of the whole society.
Improving by another year also requires updating social concepts. As early as 2021, the "Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Strengthening Aging Work in the New Era" proposed "integrating a positive view of aging and the concept of healthy aging into the entire process of economic and social development." For example, currently, the "silver power" cannot be ignored. Silver-age teachers return to the podium, and low-age elderly volunteers serve the society... In all walks of life, there are still many elderly people shining and contributing, and rejuvenating in 老有所为 (lǎo yǒu suǒ wéi - "old have what to do," the elderly can still contribute to society), which is a manifestation of a more caring, more dynamic, and healthier society.
Facing the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the country is making efforts and individuals are working hard to fully increase the average life expectancy from 79 years to 80 years, so that this one-year improvement can drive improvements in all aspects, truly improve people's livelihoods, and enhance well-being.
(Excerpted from *Sichuan Daily (四川日报)*, originally titled "Another Year of Improvement: Living Long and Living Well")
Return to TopBy: 史 哲
Now, rural areas can also order takeout. In Huizhou (惠州), Guangdong (广东), the aroma of coffee wafts into the fields; in Xianyang (咸阳), Shaanxi (陕西), birthday cakes arrive at the village entrance on time. "Grandparents were so happy to receive the fruit I ordered, they couldn't stop smiling," "I don't have to rush back to cook for the elders today," "The kids want to eat hamburgers, and we can order them in the village"... Each order records not only a transaction but also a slice of life, reflecting the warmth and convenience that takeout services bring to rural areas.
So, how is "takeout entering the village" really? The author opened the Meituan (美团) takeout app, located their old home in rural Hebei (河北), and placed an order. Although there aren't many shops, there is a full range of food, fruits and vegetables, daily necessities, and flower cakes. A box of milk and some snacks cost 74.5 yuan, with a delivery fee of 15 yuan. It was delivered in over 50 minutes from 15 kilometers away. When the items arrived, the family on the other end of the phone was pleasantly surprised. Over 50 minutes may not be fast for city dwellers who are used to ordering takeout, but for the villagers, it was a unique experience.
For a long time, the gap between urban and rural development has been an objective reality and a "narrative framework" that we are accustomed to. However, in fact, this gap is changing at a speed visible to the naked eye. More and more new farmers are returning to the land where they were born and raised, more and more new business formats are extending from the city to the fertile fields, and more and more possibilities are sprouting in the fields. "Takeout entering the village" has become a side and a window to observe the integrated development of urban and rural areas.
Some say that "takeout entering the village" is a "two-way rush" between the sinking of service markets and the upgrading of rural consumption. Data shows that the average annual compound growth rate of takeout orders in counties and towns exceeds 40%, and takeout services have covered more than 2,000 counties across the country. This convenience allows travelers to convey their concerns at any time and allows villagers to taste sweetness. Some experts point out that every 1 percentage point increase in takeout in towns and villages can drive rural consumption by 0.3 percentage points. Township shops are opening up online and offline channels, and riders are shuttling between urban and rural areas. This service chain, which is gradually taking shape, is quietly reshaping the rural consumption ecology.
However, the road of "takeout entering the village" is also full of challenges. Relatives in my hometown frankly said that although takeout is convenient, the price is too high when the delivery fee is included. It's okay to try it occasionally, but you have to "**掂量掂量**" (diān liang diān liang - "weigh, weigh," to consider carefully) if you consume it often. Obviously, the rural consumer market has its own characteristics, and short-term, high-subsidy "tactics" may not work. In fact, rural areas are no stranger to "door-to-door delivery." In my memory, the shouts of vendors walking through the villages are still clear. At that time, the "takeout" was a mobile service provided by the seller, and the villagers purchased it as needed. Today's fingertip takeout is actively summoned by the buyer. This is precisely the profound change that the digital age has brought to rural China.
Under this change, how can we better meet the various needs of rural areas? The "14th Five-Year Plan" (十四五规划) proposed: "Promote the integrated development of urban and rural areas" and "Promote rural areas to basically have modern living conditions." In reality, rural areas in Jiangsu (江苏) and Zhejiang (浙江) have begun to pilot drone food delivery; while in some central and western regions, rural areas still face difficulties such as poor logistics and inconvenient door-to-door delivery of express delivery. This reminds us that while we are happy to see more new supplies such as "takeout entering the village," we must also pay attention to those "villages that takeout cannot enter."
The integrated development of urban and rural areas has a long way to go. As far as "takeout entering the village" is concerned, we need to work hard on hardware and improve infrastructure such as networks and transportation; we also need to work hard on software, release policy dividends, and broaden the channels for farmers to increase their income so that the villagers' wallets can be filled. At the same time, platform companies also need to innovate service models according to local conditions, such as exploring convenient services such as "express delivery pick-up" and "urgent medicine delivery" in areas with scattered and low-density orders.
From "takeout entering the village" to new energy vehicles going to the countryside, from the popularization of smart home appliances to the rise of green consumption... In the journey towards modernization, the countryside is an indispensable part and a vibrant blue ocean. Let us participate in and witness this road of integrated urban-rural development together.
Return to TopThis edition's email: rmbpl@peopledaily.cn (Please indicate the column name when submitting articles)
Return to TopBy: 金 轩
Introduction
The eating problem of more than 1.4 billion people is always on General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) mind. The article "Ensuring Our Country's Food Security" in the first volume of *Xi Jinping's Economic Anthology* points out that "Our country is a large country with a large population, and solving the problem of eating is always the top priority of governing the country." As early as when he was working in Fujian (福建), Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) proposed "'Rely on the mountain to eat the mountain and sing mountain songs, rely on the sea to eat the sea and chant sea sutras,' stabilize grain, and grasp the mountains, seas, and fields together," taking the lead in proposing and exploring the practice of the grand food concept in China. Over the past 30 years, Fujian (福建) has deeply practiced the grand food concept, and its diversified food supply capacity has been effectively improved. The relevant experiences and practices have important enlightenment and reference significance for accelerating the construction of a strong agricultural country and promoting agricultural and rural modernization in the new era.
I. Background
Fujian (福建) has always been known as "eight mountains, one water, and one field," and its per capita arable land is only 1/4 of the national average. In the 1980s, the total amount of food was scarce and the variety was single. There were few types and low yields of agricultural products such as meat, aquatic products, vegetables, and fruits. The rich mountain and sea resources were not effectively utilized, and a large amount of grain and vegetables needed to be transferred from other provinces every year.
In September 1988, after conducting in-depth research in the nine counties of Mindong (闽东), Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Ningde (宁德) Prefectural Committee of Fujian (福建), creatively and prospectively proposed the grand food concept, requiring the grasping of large-scale agriculture and promoting the comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline occupations, and fishery. In 2001, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平), then Deputy Secretary of the Fujian (福建) Provincial Party Committee and Governor of Fujian (福建) Province, personally presided over the formulation of the *Guiding Opinions of the Fujian (福建) Provincial People's Government on Accelerating the Adjustment of Agricultural Structure*. The grand food concept was implemented in the overall thinking, which was reflected in "one guarantee," that is, on the basis of stabilizing grain production and ensuring food security, increasing the production and development of characteristic agricultural products; "four focuses," that is, strengthening infrastructure to improve production capacity, optimizing planting structure to adapt to market demand, giving play to regional advantages to maintain overall balance, and improving processing levels to solve the problem of outlets; "three industrial belts," that is, optimizing the regional layout of agriculture, constructing a coastal blue industrial belt, a mountainous green industrial belt, and a southeastern Fujian (福建) high-quality agricultural industrial belt, and clarifying 15 key tasks and 10 main measures to promote the implementation of the grand food concept. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) later recalled: "When I was working in Fujian (福建), I worked in mountainous areas and also in coastal areas. At that time, I proposed the grand food concept, meat, eggs, poultry, milk, fish, fruits, fungi, tea... these are all grains."
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has continuously enriched and developed the interpretation of the grand food concept. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has successively made a series of important expositions such as "establish a grand agricultural view and a grand food view, ask for calories and protein from arable land, grassland, forests, and oceans, from plants, animals, and microorganisms, and develop food resources in an all-round and multi-channel manner," "establish a grand food view, proceed from better meeting the needs of the people's beautiful life, and grasp the changing trend of the people's food structure," "'eating' is not just consuming grain, meat, eggs, milk, fruits, vegetables, fish, mushrooms, bamboo shoots, etc. are all delicacies," and "ask for food from the land and also from the ocean," which has enriched the new connotation for ensuring national food security, planned new ideas for promoting high-quality agricultural development, and pointed out new paths for enhancing people's well-being, which has very important practical significance and guiding significance.
Over the past 30 years, under the scientific guidance of the grand food concept, Fujian (福建) has been based on the diversity of agricultural resources and the advantages of suitable climate, and has continuously explored and innovated, and worked for a long time, asking for food from the ocean, asking for food from the forest, and asking for food from facility agriculture, vigorously promoting the transformation of characteristic modern agriculture to high-quality, high-efficiency, diversified, and ecological, and has achieved remarkable results. While the yield per unit area of grain has increased, the food supply has become more abundant and diversified. The output of livestock and poultry meat has increased significantly. In 2024, the total output of meat reached 3.14 million tons, an increase of 2.5 times compared with the early 1990s, of which poultry meat increased by 13 times. Aquaculture has developed rapidly. The breeding of aquatic products has developed from the traditional "two algae and four shellfish" (seaweed, laver, oysters, clams, razor clams, and blood clams) to more than 120 varieties of fish, shrimp, and shellfish. The per capita possession of aquatic products is more than 220 kilograms, ranking first in the country. The edible fungus industry has grown from scratch. At present, more than 50 kinds of edible fungi are cultivated in the province, and more than 30 kinds are cultivated on a commercial scale. The number of cultivated species is the largest in the country, and the total output of edible fungi ranks among the top in the country, of which the output of 9 varieties such as white fungus ranks first in the country. At the same time, Fujian (福建) has become one of the seven major "southern vegetables transported to the north" and major export vegetable provinces in the country, with more than 40% of winter and spring vegetables being transferred to other provinces; the annual tea output has increased from 50,000 tons in the late 1980s to the current 570,000 tons, and the output value and yield per unit area rank among the top in the country.
II. Main Practices and Achievements
All parts of Fujian (福建) have thoroughly implemented the grand food concept, combined with the characteristics of resource endowments, adhered to the simultaneous development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, enriched the diversified supply of "vegetable basket" products such as meat, eggs, milk, fruits, vegetables, fish, mushrooms, and bamboo shoots, created a "marine granary" and "forest granary" with Fujian (福建) characteristics, and built a diversified food supply system, gradually forming a series of effective practices.
(1) Building a "marine granary" to enhance the supply strength of aquatic products. In 1993, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Fuzhou (福州) Municipal Party Committee, emphasized that it is necessary to attach importance to sea areas as much as arable land, and to grasp marine development as much as grain production. Since then, he has continued to develop the marine economy during his work in Fujian (福建), and promoted the construction of Fujian (福建) into a strong marine economic province. Fujian (福建) has continuously strengthened the development of marine resources and asked for food from the ocean. Accelerate the construction of marine pastures, draft the *Fujian (福建) Provincial Deep-Sea Aquaculture Development Plan*, establish the first provincial refined and intelligent marine grid forecast business system, and develop 5 deep-sea aquaculture platforms such as "Min Tou 1" (闽投1号), with nearly 300,000 cubic meters of aquaculture water. Strengthen the development of distant-water fisheries, issue the *Notice on Eight Measures to Promote the High-Quality Development of Distant-Water Fisheries*, and build the Fuzhou (Lianjiang) (福州（连江）) National Distant-Water Fishery Base, which currently has 605 distant-water fishing vessels. Develop healthy and ecological aquaculture, promote healthy aquaculture models such as factory-based recirculating water and multi-nutrient level ecological aquaculture, and build green aquaculture demonstration zones such as Shacheng Port (沙埕港), Sandu Bay (三都湾), Dinghai Bay (定海湾), Nanri Island (南日岛), Dongshan Bay (东山湾), and Zhao'an Bay (诏安湾). Cultivate and strengthen aquatic seed industry, carry out general survey of aquatic germplasm resources, strengthen the protection of aquatic germplasm resources, establish core seedling demonstration bases, and breed nearly 200 million excellent seedlings (grains). In 2024, the province's aquatic product output reached 9.24 million tons, and the entire industrial chain output value of the six major advantageous varieties, including large yellow croaker, white shrimp, oysters, abalone, eel, and laver, all exceeded 10 billion yuan.
(2) Developing a "forest granary" to tap the development potential of forest food. In 1989, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Ningde (宁德) Prefectural Committee, proposed that the revitalization of Mindong (闽东) lies in "forest," and the forest is a reservoir, money bank, and granary. Fujian (福建) is based on the advantages of warm climate and abundant rainfall, and asks for food from the forest. Expand the scale of woody grain and oil, successively carry out bamboo and flower industries and famous, special, and high-quality economic forest projects, implement a three-year action plan for the camellia oil industry, and build 7 "hometowns of Chinese camellia oil." In 2024, the province's camellia oil planting area exceeded 2.5 million mu, and the camellia oil output reached 28,000 tons. Make full use of forest space, set up special funds for subsidies for under-forest economic utilization, implement financial discounts for forestry loans, compile the *Practical Technology Manual for Under-Forest Economy*, encourage business entities and the masses to participate in the development of under-forest planting and breeding, vigorously develop "forest carbohydrates," "forest protein," and "forest fat," and form formats such as forest medicine, forest poultry, forest oil, forest bees, and forest fungi. Cultivate the forest food industry chain, develop a series of forest foods such as chinquapin, camellia oil, and chestnuts, expand the industrial chain of medicinal and edible homologous products such as purple ganoderma, polygonatum, and dendrobium, create forest food geographical indication products, and promote models such as "Party branch-led cooperatives + demonstration bases + forest farmers," "enterprises + state-owned forest farms + bases + forest farmers," and "large planting households + processing enterprises + e-commerce," and vigorously develop woody grain and oil processing. In 2024, the province's under-forest economic utilization area was 32.24 million mu, the output value was 89.3 billion yuan, and the bamboo shoot output was about 2.1 million tons, ranking first in the country.
(3) Developing facility agriculture to stimulate the vitality of rural characteristic industries. In 1989, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Ningde (宁德) Prefectural Committee, proposed in *Correctly Handling the Six Relationships in Mindong's (闽东) Economic Development* that it is necessary to jump out of the traditional natural economic agricultural circle and step onto a new stage of comprehensive commodity economic large-scale agriculture. Fujian (福建) has developed a facility agriculture area of more than 2.4 million mu, providing strong support for enriching the supply of important agricultural products. Support the development of facility greenhouses. The provincial finance arranges special funds to encourage various places to explore the construction of facility greenhouses on non-arable land such as barren land and saline-alkali land, develop soilless cultivation such as substrate and hydroponics, and has implemented more than 3,000 greenhouse projects, of which more than 100 are relatively contiguous large-scale facility agriculture bases with more than 1,000 mu. Upgrade and transform facility equipment, vigorously develop and promote facilities suitable for Fujian's (福建) hilly tea and fruit, promote advanced equipment such as automated production lines for edible fungi, develop standardized and large-scale livestock and poultry breeding, and support the construction of agricultural Internet of Things application centers. At present, the level of factory production of edible fungi is 20 percentage points higher than the national average, and the level of large-scale breeding of pigs, broilers, laying hens, and dairy cows ranks among the top in the country. Promote agglomeration and cluster development, build facility agriculture agglomeration areas, promote local "small specialties" to upgrade to "large industries," form a characteristic industrial development pattern of one industry per county, one characteristic per town, and one product per village, and create agricultural brands such as Anxi Tieguanyin (安溪铁观音), Fuding White Tea (福鼎白茶), Gutian Edible Fungi (古田食用菌), Jianning Seed Industry (建宁种业), Guangze Broilers (光泽肉鸡), and Fujian Passion Fruit (福建百香果). There are 22 counties with agricultural characteristic industries exceeding 10 billion yuan, 142 strong towns exceeding 1 billion yuan, and 305 villages exceeding 100 million yuan.
(4) Strengthening whole-process supervision to enhance the quality and safety assurance capabilities of agricultural products. In 2001, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平), then Deputy Secretary of the Fujian (福建) Provincial Party Committee and Governor of Fujian (福建) Province, proposed to accelerate the governance of "table pollution" and promote the construction of the "food safety project," emphasizing that it is necessary to effectively safeguard the fundamental interests of the broad masses of the people and provide the people with a safe food consumption environment. Fujian (福建) has continued to strengthen the quality supervision of agricultural products to ensure that the people eat safely and with peace of mind. Strengthen the source supervision of agricultural products, give full play to the early warning function of source rapid testing, promote all agricultural townships in the province to equip equipment and carry out rapid testing of pesticide residues, accurately grasp the access control of producing areas, and there are 18 national agricultural product quality and safety counties (cities) in the province, ranking among the top in the country. Build a whole-process traceability system for food safety, take the lead in building a "one product, one code" whole-process traceability system and a provincial food safety information traceability management platform in the country, improve the food safety information traceability management, the connection between the origin access of edible agricultural products and the market access, and the traceability coverage, the number of subjects, and the amount of data are in the leading position in the country. Continue to strengthen the governance of "table pollution," and for 25 consecutive years, the project of governing "table pollution" and building the "food safety project" has been listed as a practical project for the people, deepen the "certification" action of qualified agricultural products, increase the intensity of food sampling and monitoring, and the amount of sampling is far higher than the number required by the state. In 2024, the overall pass rate of sampling and inspection of major agricultural products in the province remained above 99%, ranking among the top in the country.
III. Experiences and Enlightenment
Under the strategic planning and care and guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), and under the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Fujian (福建) and other places have actively practiced the grand food concept based on their local realities, and have accumulated important experiences and enlightenment.
(1) Adhere to the concept of system and develop characteristic agricultural industries in accordance with local conditions. Fujian (福建) is based on the province's conditions to broaden food sources, develop characteristic agriculture, and ask for grain and food from mountains, seas, forests, fields, and lakes. This inspires us that we must integrate ensuring food security and the grand food concept, and on the basis of deeply understanding the large differences in resource endowments among regions in our country, we must make full use of the resource conditions of various places, strive to explore and develop various food resources, adhere to the concept of system, give play to comparative advantages, grow grain where it is suitable for grain, engage in economy where it is suitable for economy, raise livestock where it is suitable for livestock, engage in fishing where it is suitable for fishing, and engage in forestry where it is suitable for forestry, and actively develop characteristic and advantageous agricultural products to meet the diverse food consumption needs of the people.
(2) Adhere to scientific and technological support, focus on bottlenecks and promote the tackling of key core technologies. Fujian (福建) vigorously promotes the revitalization of the seed industry, strengthens scientific and technological innovation and achievement transformation of the seed industry, such as successfully overcoming the problem of artificial hatching and breeding of large yellow croaker, making large yellow croaker currently the largest farmed marine fish in China. The annual output of large yellow croaker in Fujian (福建) is more than 200,000 tons, accounting for more than 80% of the country; another example is the innovation of factory production and cultivation technology of white fungus, etc. The annual output of white fungus is 560,000 tons, accounting for nearly 90% of the country. This inspires us that practicing the grand food concept must attach great importance to improving the level of agricultural science and technology, start with strengthening scientific and technological support, further optimize the key directions of agricultural scientific and technological research, promote the combination of production, education, and research, accelerate the breakthrough of core technologies such as breeding and seedling breeding, and machinery and equipment research and development, give full play to the driving role of scientific and technological innovation in the large food industry, and accelerate the construction of a large food industry innovation system.
(3) Adhere to market orientation and promote coordinated development of agricultural production, supply, and marketing around demand. Fujian (福建) closely follows market demand, adjusts and improves the rural planting and breeding structure, such as building the largest white fungus production base and the most complete edible fungus production base in Gutian (古田) County, creating rich products such as white fungus candies and beverages for different consumer groups, and supporting and improving the agricultural product logistics system, and expanding sales through e-commerce, with good economic benefits. This inspires us that practicing the grand food concept must attach great importance to the important link of agricultural product sales, firmly establish the concept of the market, strengthen demand orientation, develop and produce marketable agricultural products, build the entire chain, deeply develop, and develop brands, effectively connect the development of the large food industry with market sales, build upstream and downstream industrial chains and value chains, realize the coordinated development of production, supply, and marketing, and improve the comprehensive benefits of food development.
(4) Adhere to green development and achieve the unity of ecological benefits and economic benefits. In the process of practicing the grand food concept, Fujian (福建) adheres to the concept of green development, strengthens ecological civilization construction, and maintains the first forest coverage rate in the country, which not only protects the ecological environment, but also provides favorable growth conditions for under-forest crops. This inspires us that practicing the grand food concept must pay attention to the unity of ecological benefits and economic benefits, and while developing rich food resources and developing the large food industry, we must develop in protection and protect in development, improve the comprehensive utilization rate of resources, and promote the benign cycle of ecology.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张 铁 乔 栋 方 敏
Originating from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, emerging from canyons, shaping plains, gathering hundreds of rivers, and flowing into the Bohai Sea, the Yellow River rushes for 5,464 kilometers, flowing through 9 provinces and regions, drawing a "几" shape.
The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier in China, as well as an important area for population activities and economic development, holding a pivotal strategic position in the overall national development and the overall situation of socialist modernization.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has traveled throughout the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River, focusing on the major national strategy of ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, chairing three symposiums, and making far-reaching plans for the future of the Mother River.
According to the grand blueprint drawn by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), the provinces and regions along the Yellow River are focusing on strengthening ecological environment governance in the Yellow River Basin, optimizing water resource allocation, promoting high-quality development of the entire basin, and improving the lives of the people.
New achievements have been made in ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. In 2024, the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of GDP and the water consumption per 10,000 yuan of industrial added value in the Yellow River Basin both decreased compared to 2023. In the first half of this year, the total value of imports and exports of the 9 provinces and regions in the Yellow River Basin reached 3.12 trillion yuan, a record high for the same period in history, accounting for 14.3% of the country, a year-on-year increase of 8.2%, maintaining growth for 17 consecutive months.
"Jointly grasp major protection and collaboratively promote major governance," the "Yellow River Cantata" of the new era is even more melodious and resounding.
Protecting the "Beauty of the Great River" Together
The beauty of the Yellow River encapsulates the beauty of China; the ecological changes of the Yellow River reflect the ecological changes of China.
In the upper reaches, in the Yellow River Source Park of the Sanjiangyuan National Park, Jia Yangduojie (加羊多杰), the head of the ecological protection management station in Huanghe Township, Maduo County, Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, wrote down observation records of black-necked cranes in his patrol log. Under their protection, the hatching rate of local black-necked cranes has increased from 20% at the beginning of this century to over 95% this year.
In the middle reaches, at Swan Lake in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, "the number of large swans wintering here has increased from more than 8,000 ten years ago to more than 16,000," said Gao Ruyi (高如意), director of the Sanmenxia Swan Lake Bird Ringing Station of the National Bird Ringing Center.
In the lower reaches, in the Yellow River Delta National Nature Reserve in Dongying City, Shandong Province, 233 nests of Oriental white storks have hatched 536 chicks here since the beginning of this year, and the breeding number of black-headed gulls has stabilized at more than 10,000.
From plateau wetlands to plain tidal flats, birds are like "ecological test papers," measuring the lushness of vegetation, the clarity of water quality, and more importantly, the effectiveness of the "jointly grasping major protection" in the Yellow River region.
Where does the ecological change come from?
The Yellow River ecosystem is not only an organic whole, but also has differences in the upper, middle, and lower reaches. Adhering to systematic, holistic, and coordinated approaches, and promoting the construction of an ecological environment governance system that connects the upper and lower reaches, can enhance the stability of the basin's ecosystem.
Afforestation and greening is one example.
Located in the Kanbula World Geopark in Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, the mountains on both sides of the Yellow River, more than 3,000 meters high, are full of lush greenery. Cai Benjia (才本加), director of the Natural Resources and Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Jianzha County, Huangnan Prefecture, introduced that Jianzha County has newly planted more than 4,000 spruce seedlings at the Wanligou afforestation and greening site in Kanbula Town this year, and the survival rate of Qinghai spruce planted in the surrounding area in the past three years has exceeded 90%.
Oil pine is widely used in the middle reaches of the Yellow River to control soil erosion. In Baidong Village, Hukou Town, Jixian County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province, the mountains of Chejiashan are wrapped in greenery. "When I first came in 2013, the entire mountain was 'losing soil' with every gust of wind," said Dou Quanzhong (窦全忠), director of the Jixian County Forestry Development Center. Now, 93,400 mu of barren mountains have been transformed into green mountains.
In Dongying City, Shandong Province, at the mouth of the Yellow River, tamarisk, which originally grew in the upper and middle reaches, has taken deep roots in the saline-alkali land, standing shoulder to shoulder with reeds and alkali grasses, weaving a 100-kilometer-long "scenic corridor" on the Yellow River levee.
By adapting to local conditions and coordinating linkages, both showcasing their own beauty and sharing beauty together, the Yellow River region jointly protects the beauty of the great river, forming a pattern of major ecological protection and major collaboration.
Implementing the "Yellow River Protection Law of the People's Republic of China," issuing the "Outline of the Plan for Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development in the Yellow River Basin," and establishing a "three-line and one-list" ecological environment zoning control system... A series of top-level designs have built the "four beams and eight pillars" for the protection and governance of the Yellow River.
The 3 provinces (autonomous regions) and 7 cities (prefectures) of Sichuan, Qinghai, and Tibet signed a joint prevention and control cooperation agreement to protect the living water at the source; on both sides of the Jinshan Grand Canyon, Shanxi and Shaanxi jointly built the Yellow River Guxian Water Conservancy Hub Project, and jointly carried out wetland protection and migratory bird passage restoration projects... During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the 9 provinces and regions along the Yellow River jointly carried out a series of actions such as river and lake ecological protection and governance, and supplementing shortcomings in urban environmental governance facilities, completing a cumulative afforestation of 200 million mu and restoring 231 million mu of degraded grassland.
The Loess Plateau has turned from yellow to green, the Yellow River water has turned from turbid to clear, and the Yellow River in its nine bends has a new look—
Mu Us, Kubuqi, Tengger... One piece of sandy land and desert after another has been locked up. Planting grass squares and planting *Haloxylon ammodendron* trees, fixing the sand little by little, now, a ring of green oasis forest and grass belt more than 380 kilometers long and covering an area of 2.15 million mu has completed the locking and closing loop.
Mines, tidal flats, saline-alkali land... One "scar" after another is being repaired. On the hillside east of Ciyaogou Village, Longquan Town, Shenchi County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, the demonstration project for ecological restoration of historical abandoned mines in the key ecological tackling area of the Yellow River "几" bend is accelerating its implementation. Wang Baixin (王百新), the relevant person in charge of the construction party, pointed to the mine pit that is being covered with soil and repaired and said: "In the past, this was an abandoned coal mining point with exposed rocks. In the future, a scene of lush greenery will reappear."
Sanjiangyuan, Ulansuhai, Yellow River Delta... One wetland after another is becoming more beautiful. In Ulansuhai, Inner Mongolia, Liu Wenbin (刘文斌), a former "second generation fisherman," is now a "sea protector." "In recent years, the ecological environment has become better and better, and the types and numbers of migratory birds have continued to increase."
Huangshui, Weihe, Fenhe... One tributary after another is becoming clearer. In Xining City, Qinghai Province, the proportion of Class III and above excellent water quality in the Xining section of the Huangshui River Basin reached 100%; in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, the banks of the Weihe River have become an ecological corridor for the city; in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, the 43-kilometer-long Fenhe Park has formed a "green ribbon."
Since the "14th Five-Year Plan," the quality of the water ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin has continued to improve, the main stream has reached Class II water quality for three consecutive years, and the proportion of excellent water bodies in the basin has exceeded 90% for two consecutive years.
The Yellow River is beautiful, and it will be even more beautiful in the future.
Jointly Plan "Great River Governance"
Governing the Yellow River, the emphasis is on protection, and it must be governed.
Today, the sediment transport of the Yellow River has been greatly reduced, and the average annual increase in water flowing into the Bohai Sea is about 10%. It has been flowing continuously for 26 consecutive years, reappearing the scene of "flowing to the sea and never returning." What is the secret to the Yellow River governance in the new era?
"Grasp the relationship between the overall situation and the local situation, and enhance the awareness of a chess game," "Pay more attention to the systematic, holistic, and coordinated nature of protection and governance"... The password is hidden in the word "coordination."
To collaboratively promote major governance, one important relationship is "water and sand."
The "yellowness" of the Yellow River lies in the fact that there is little water and a lot of sand, and the relationship between water and sand is uncoordinated. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) thought thoroughly: "To ensure the long-term stability of the Yellow River, we must firmly grasp the 'ox nose' of regulating the relationship between water and sand."
Reducing sand, jointly "setting up a defense line."
"The mountains are bare, and the ditches are full of rocks." In Gaoxigou Village, Yinzhou Street, Mizhi County, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, on the Loess Plateau, it has long changed its appearance. Planting trees on the mountains to cover them with green clothes, terracing the hillsides, planting trees and grazing grass on the edges of the mounds, and planting *Caragana korshinskii* on steep slopes... Continuing to manage the mountains and rivers, the village's 40 mountains and 21 ditches have achieved "no mud going down the mountains and no floods coming out of the ditches."
Among the thousands of gullies, a series of China's original "sand locking methods" have not only sharply reduced the sediment transport of the Yellow River, but also contributed Chinese wisdom to global desertification prevention and control.
Net rope grass squares form a protective belt about 153 kilometers long and 10 to 38 kilometers wide, locking the edge of the Tengger Desert in Ningxia; adding loess and farm manure, and planting apple trees, 60% of the *pisolite* in Jungar Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, which "turns into sand when encountering wind and turns into mud when encountering water," has been treated; overall planning of the original slope and gully, and integrated design of fields, forests, water, and roads, afforestation of more than 50,000 mu on the slopes of Xixian County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province, dyeing the original surface green...
The Hukou Waterfall in the lens of photographer Lü Guiming (吕桂明) hides the most intuitive answer: more than ten years ago, the peach blossom flood was turbid and rolling, but now the white waves are滔天 (tāo tiān - "surging to the sky," describes huge waves).
Conserving water, jointly "installing faucets."
The Yellow River supports the water needs of 12% of the country's population and 17% of the country's cultivated land with 2% of the country's river runoff. The provinces and regions along the Yellow River have increased their exploration efforts and jointly written articles on water conservation.
Xie Jianping (谢建平), a water conservancy specialist in Ligang Town, Helan County, Yinchuan City, Ningxia, has calculated an account: "In the past three years, Ligang Town has saved a total of 13 million cubic meters of water, and has also earned 330,000 yuan returned to farmers through water rights transactions." Behind this is the institutional innovation of "confirming water rights to the end-level canal system."
In the "smart brain" of the Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia, a 53-meter-long electronic screen wall is dynamically displaying data from 64,000 kilometers of irrigation and drainage canals in real time. By widely promoting Yellow River drip irrigation, the agricultural water consumption in the irrigation district has decreased from 4.33 billion cubic meters in 2020 to 3.96 billion cubic meters in 2024. Behind this is the practical exploration of technology enabling water conservation.
From "how many mouths drink how much water" to "how much soup soaks how many steamed buns," the Yellow River region determines the city, land, population, and production based on water, and promotes the conservation and intensive use of water resources.
Regulating water and sand, exerting efforts to "unblock the meridians."
On June 23, at the Xiaolangdi Water Conservancy Hub in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the sand discharge tunnel gate slowly opened, and a huge white "water dragon" gushed out. By July 10, 150 million cubic meters of ecological water was injected into the Yellow River Delta wetland, and 32 million tons of sediment was sent into the sea.
"Since 2002, the Yellow River Basin has carried out 32 water and sediment regulation operations," said Lu Jun (鲁俊), deputy director of the Planning Institute of the Yellow River勘测规划设计研究院有限公司. A total of 3.65 billion tons of sediment has been transported into the sea, and the average main channel of the Yellow River downstream has been lowered by 3.1 meters.
To coordinate and promote major governance, another important relationship is "point and line."
The "disease" of the Yellow River is manifested in the Yellow River, but the root cause lies in the basin. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) required clarification: "Firmly establish the idea of 'a chess game'."
"Sharing water," how to coordinate?
The Yellow River's available water allocation plan in 1987 determined the specific quotas for each province and region. Now, if you have a surplus and I have a need, water rights can be bought and sold.
The Ningdong Energy and Chemical Base in Yinchuan City, Ningxia, is only 30 kilometers away from the Yellow River, but it once had no water available.
In November 2023, Ningxia purchased 15 million cubic meters of Yellow River water rights from Sichuan Province for 3 years for production at the Ningdong Energy and Chemical Base. Water rights trading has embarked on a new path of using market mechanisms to solve water resource bottlenecks.
"Sharing prosperity in one region," how to balance?
Section water quality and pollutant indicators affect the effectiveness of ecological compensation. In 2021, Shandong and Henan provinces signed the first horizontal ecological protection compensation agreement in the Yellow River Basin. Since then, the water quality of the Yellow River entering Shandong has always remained above Class II. By July of this year, Henan had accumulated 250 million yuan in ecological compensation funds from Shandong.
At present, Gansu has signed ecological protection compensation agreements with Ningxia, Sichuan, and Qinghai, and Ningxia has signed agreements with Inner Mongolia. A unified horizontal ecological protection compensation mechanism for the main stream of the Yellow River is also being established, promoting the formation of a good pattern of jointly protecting the ecology of the Yellow River.
From "water and sediment regulation" to "basin co-governance," the governance of the great river is also a microcosm of China's governance. The Yellow River governance has achieved a historic transformation from passive to active, providing a Chinese example for the protection and governance of rivers in the world.
Jointly Promote "Great River Prosperity"
The great river flows through the Gobi Desert, deep valleys, fertile plains, cities, and villages. The Yellow River Basin is an important economic zone in China, with different ecological environments and different resource endowments. After holding the baseline of ecological protection, how should development be planned?
"The regions along the Yellow River should proceed from reality, suitable for water, suitable for mountains, suitable for grain, suitable for agriculture, suitable for industry, and suitable for commerce, and actively explore new paths for high-quality development with regional characteristics," General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out the direction.
Ecological priority, green development, "green" is the background color.
Grain and meat production accounts for about 1/3 of the country, and coal reserves account for more than half of the country... As an important agricultural and animal husbandry production base and energy base, from green agriculture to green energy, the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is moving towards "green."
Mengzhou City, Henan Province, on the banks of the Yellow River. Zhang Hongde (张洪德), a villager in Hengshan Village, Chemical Town, tapped his mobile phone, and irrigation equipment was immediately activated in the high-standard farmland a few miles away. "The land is quenched, and it is guaranteed to be harvested in drought and flood, and it is no longer 'waiting for the sky to harvest'!" High-standard farmland construction, promotion of high-quality grain varieties, and pilot projects for green and circular efficient agriculture... The fields of the Huanghuaihai Plain, the Fenwei Plain, and the Hetao Irrigation District are焕发 (huàn fā - "radiate," to emit or display) new green technology.
In the Yushen Industrial Park in Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, tank trucks loaded with dimethyl carbonate slowly drove out. This high-end chemical product used in new energy vehicle batteries comes from the local focus on upgrading "coal-to-chemical" - no longer mining and selling coal, or burning coal to generate electricity, but converting coal into coal-to-oil and coal-based high-end chemical products. Today, Yulin is transforming into a demonstration zone for energy revolution innovation.
In addition to coal, oil, and gas, there are also wind, light, and water. In the Talatan Photovoltaic Industrial Park in Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province, photovoltaic panels are arranged in huge concentric circles, generating 18 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity every year, equivalent to the annual power generation of two nuclear power units; in Zhongwei City, Ningxia, wind turbines stand on the banks of the Yellow River, and the "Thousands of Townships and Villages Wind Power Action" is being carried out; the 1 million kilowatt offshore photovoltaic project in Dongying City, Shandong Province, is like a blue field on the sea... The "energy basin" has a new look.
Adapting to local conditions and implementing policies according to categories, "new" is the color.
How fast is it to produce a new energy vehicle offline? The answer in Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, is: 90 seconds. At the Geely Automobile Shaanxi Baoji Manufacturing Base, more than 300 robots waved their arms, and an average of one new energy vehicle rolled off the production line every 90 seconds. Shaanxi has continued to exert efforts in the new energy vehicle industry. In 2024, the output of new energy vehicles was 1.198 million, ranking among the top in the country.
How heavy can a single wind power hub casting be? The answer from the wind power industry base in Huimin County, Binzhou City, Shandong Province, is: 160 tons. "From mold design, sand box production to precision machining and coating anti-corrosion, the entire industrial chain is in the base," said Zhang Zhenqiang (张振强), deputy general manager of Shandong Guochuang Precision Machinery Co., Ltd., patting the outer shell of the casting. "The annual output of 300,000 tons of wind power castings, the scale and technical level are leading in the country."
Inner Mongolia is rising as a clean energy highland; Gansu is actively promoting new industrialization; Henan is moving towards high-end equipment manufacturing... An industrial revolution driven by technological innovation is booming in the provinces and regions along the Yellow River.
People-oriented, people's livelihood first, "warm" is the true color.
In Hongde Village, Hongsibao Town, Hongsibao District, Wuzhong City, Ningxia, villagers can be seen busy and smiling everywhere in the breeding base, production workshop, and fields.
Xichen Village, Lugang Township, Changyuan City, Henan Province, is a typical Yellow River beach area. In the past, when the Yellow River flooded, "the water would flood the house." Now, the road surface is hardened, the pipeline network is laid, and a sewage treatment station has been built.
In Yangmiao Community, Dongji Town, Kenli District, Dongying City, Shandong Province, rows of buildings are neatly arranged, and trees line the cement roads. Party and mass service centers, kindergartens, and health rooms are all available.
Three small villages reflect the scene of promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside along the Yellow River. In the past, people only sought the stability of the Yellow River, but now they have higher expectations: to live a better life.
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In 1939, the "Yellow River Cantata," born in the cave dwellings of Yan'an, melted musical types such as Shanxi folk songs, northern Shaanxi music, and boatmen's chants into one, singing the strong voice of the times. Today, jointly grasping major protection, collaboratively promoting major governance, and promoting the comprehensive green transformation of development methods, the "Yellow River Cantata" of the new era is converging into the magnificent movement of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
(Reporters Wang Jintao (王锦涛), Qin Ruijie (秦瑞杰), Zhang Cheng (张枨), Gao Bing (高炳), Fu Mingli (付明丽), and Hou Linliang (侯琳良) of this newspaper participated in the writing)
Return to TopBy: 方 敏
Generating the historical context of Chinese civilization for thousands of years and nurturing generations of Chinese sons and daughters, the Yellow River is undoubtedly the "Mother River" of the Chinese nation.
From the Sanjiangyuan (三江源), the "zigzag bend," to the estuary, walking and thinking, one becomes more and more emotional. Up and down the great river, the most beautiful thing is the ecology, the warmest thing is the people's livelihood, and the most inspiring thing is the practical exploration of "jointly grasping great protection and collaboratively promoting great governance" in various places.
Prioritizing ecology and green development, comprehensively promoting the integrated management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass, and sand. At the source of the Yellow River, former herders have transformed into ecological rangers, protecting a clear water source for continuous eastward flow.
Coordinating development and protection to promote high-quality development. In the middle reaches of the Yellow River, traditional industries are transforming and upgrading, and new driving forces such as new energy and high-end manufacturing are constantly emerging. People have discovered that "by guarding the increasingly beautiful Yellow River, they have become rich."
Coordinating planning and promoting collaboration to build a "chess game" governance pattern. In the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the average annual increase in water flowing into the Bohai Sea (渤海) is about 10%, and it has been flowing continuously for 26 consecutive years.
Guided by Xi Jinping's (习近平) ecological civilization thought, with the spirit of 功成不必在我、功成必定有我 (gōng chéng bù bì zài wǒ, gōng chéng bì dìng yǒu wǒ - "achieving success does not necessarily require me, but success will definitely have me," emphasizing long-term commitment and contribution without seeking immediate personal recognition), we will strive to write a new chapter in the protection and development of the Yellow River, and make the Yellow River a happy river that nourishes Chinese civilization.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Nanjing (南京) November 30th dispatch (Reporter Wang Weijian (王伟健)) "In the past, reporting problems required running to several departments. Now, the heads of relevant departments in the district come to the community on the 10th of each month to receive visitors, and things can be explained clearly face-to-face." Zhang Xiaohong (张小红), who lives in Huashan Community (华山社区), Jinxin Subdistrict (金新街道), Tongzhou District (通州区), Nantong City (南通市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), was once concerned about the lack of traffic facilities at the intersection of Zhaoxia Road (朝霞路) and Huashan Road (华山路). She raised this issue during a joint reception activity of "Two Representatives and One Member" in the community. A few days later, the local transportation department installed traffic lights and added a left-turn lane, completely eliminating the safety hazard.
Since the beginning of this year, Tongzhou District has taken the special action of "Township and Street Cadres Going Downward, Empowering the Front Line of Grids" as a starting point, building a three-level linkage downward system of "Two Representatives and One Member Entering Villages to Receive Visitors, Government Cadres Entering Grids to Connect with Households, and Township and Street Cadres Entering Grids to Perform Duties," promoting the integration of resources at the front line, the discovery of problems at the front line, and the resolution of contradictions at the front line. As of now, a total of 4,014 problems have been discovered, 3,103 have been resolved, and the completion rate exceeds 70%.
"The difficulty of grassroots governance lies in the lack of resources and strength. We have integrated resources and activated forces through deeply promoting the 'Deep Root Project' of grassroots party building with a three-level linkage downward system, which not only reduces the burden and solves problems for the grassroots, but also allows party members and cadres to practice their original aspirations and missions at the front line," said the relevant person in charge of the Organization Department of the Tongzhou District Party Committee (通州区委组织部). Nowadays, in the enterprise workshops and fields of Tongzhou District, one can often see the busy figures of downward cadres. They serve the masses, solve people's livelihood problems, and let the "roots" of grassroots party building be deeply rooted among the masses.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 史一棋 向子丰 人民网记者 游天燚
Dear Editor,
In July and August of this year, we experienced heavy rainfall, and the water level of the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) next to our village rose rapidly. The banner government sent a working team to drain the accumulated water from the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) into our village. On August 20th, the town government notified villagers to evacuate urgently. There was no time to take large items from our homes, and the village's houses, roads, and farmland were all flooded.
Three months have passed, and the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) is no longer in danger, but our houses and farmland are still submerged. When we evacuated, the government gave each household 4,000 yuan as temporary resettlement fees, and later proposed a relief plan asking us to relocate by discounting the value of our houses, homesteads, etc. We are unwilling to accept this, and we cannot return home. Please help us.
Villagers of Xiaopangjiaying Village (小庞家营村), Chalechuan Town (敕勒川镇), Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗)
Upon receiving the reader's letter, the reporter recently went to Chalechuan Town (敕勒川镇), Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗), Hohhot (呼和浩特市), Inner Mongolia (内蒙古) for investigation and interviews.
Village houses, roads, and farmland were flooded, and villagers were hastily evacuated. Three months later, the floodwaters have not receded and have already frozen.
On the afternoon of November 18th, the reporter arrived at Xiaopangjiaying Village (小庞家营村) and saw "a vast expanse of water." The minimum temperature that day was minus 6 degrees Celsius, and the water surface had already frozen. More than 30 villagers gathered at the village entrance, taking turns riding agricultural tractors into the village. The reporter accompanied them, crushing ice along the way, heading towards the center of the village.
Along the way, the water depth reached 70 to 80 centimeters in some places, submerging more than half of the tractor's wheels. Behind an iron sign that read "Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Whole Village Poverty Alleviation and Development Project" was a cornfield. Unharvested stalks still had corn on them.
Not far from the cornfield was the house of villager Wang Yuebiao (王月表). The courtyard gate and house door were frozen shut. She sat in the tractor's trailer and told the reporter that a month ago, before the floodwaters froze, she had waded home to find winter clothes. "The water was too deep, and all my home appliances were flooded."
The house of villager Pang Xinshi (庞新世) is located in the central area of Xiaopangjiaying Village (小庞家营村), the highest point in the village. Out of more than 200 households in the village, only a few, including his, had the water recede. This was Pang Xinshi's (庞新世) first time returning home after the disaster. The reporter followed him into the house and saw that the white floor tiles in the living room had partially sunk, creating a slope of about 10 degrees; the kitchen was full of mud, and the stove had collapsed from being soaked in water, revealing cracks; the wooden bed in the bedroom had fallen apart and emitted a strong musty smell... Seeing this scene, Pang Xinshi (庞新世) choked up.
Across the road from Xiaopangjiaying Village (小庞家营村) is Dapangjiaying Village (大庞家营村). Aerial footage shows that most of the houses are submerged in water, and the originally dry land surrounding the village has been flooded, resulting in a complete loss of corn harvest (see photo, taken by You Tianyi (游天燚)). The reporter also visited Jiajiaying Village (贾家营村) and Zhijiliang Village (只几梁村), and the situation on the ground was similar.
Villagers told reporters that a total of about 450 households in 5 villages were flooded, including 144 households in Zhijiliang Village (只几梁村), 133 households in Xiaopangjiaying Village (小庞家营村), 88 households in Dapangjiaying Village (大庞家营村), 81 households in Jiajiaying Village (贾家营村), and 4 households in Tiemengeng Village (铁门更村).
Villager Wang Yang (王洋) said that in August of this year, there was continuous rain in the area, and the water level in the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) flood discharge channel continued to rise. The local government then forcibly discharged the water to the surrounding area of the reservoir, causing the flooding of several villages.
Several villagers recalled that on August 20th, the town government suddenly notified villagers to evacuate urgently. "We didn't pack anything, and we didn't take anything with us, only people came out." Villager Luo Juan (罗娟) said that some people were unwilling to leave, but the situation was urgent, leaving no room for hesitation. Some people were unwilling to give up and secretly swam back to try to pack some things, but were discovered by staff, forcibly persuaded to leave, and escorted out.
Wang Yang (王洋) said that after three months of flooding, "except for organizing water pumping at the end of August, we haven't seen a water pump since then." He showed the reporter a copy of the "Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) Flood Storage and Detention Area Implementation Plan," which designated the above-mentioned 5 villages as flood storage and detention areas.
Luo Juan (罗娟) said, "We are all old and don't know what the situation is for evacuation. We just hope the government can explain it clearly."
Heavy rainfall caused the water level of the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) to surge, and the government urgently discharged water and designated a flood storage and detention area, which is still under approval.
Was the water in the village forcibly discharged from the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库), as the villagers said?
Zhao Hongxing (赵红星), member of the Standing Committee of the Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) Party Committee and Executive Deputy Banner Head, introduced that the total storage capacity of the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) is 60.6 million cubic meters, and the flood season restriction water level is 990.25 meters. From July to August of this year, the area experienced continuous heavy rainfall, with cumulative rainfall in the upstream area reaching 533.4 millimeters, breaking historical extreme values. By August 21st, the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海) storage capacity had reached 78.7 million cubic meters, and the reservoir water level was 991.96 meters.
In this situation, "once the dike breaches, a large amount of floodwater will cause great damage to both sides of the canal, threatening the lives and property safety of the people in Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗), Tumote Right Banner (土默特右旗), and Tuoketuo County (托克托县) in the cities of Hohhot (呼和浩特) and Baotou (包头)." Hai Ying (海鹰), Secretary of the Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) Party Committee, said that in order to cope with the possible disasters, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区) quickly established a frontline command for flood control and emergency response at Hasuhai (哈素海). According to the command's deployment, the first stage from July 29th to August 18th was to forcibly discharge water from the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) to the Waigonghao (外公壕); the second stage from August 19th to August 21st was to forcibly discharge water to the temporary flood diversion areas of Yuchi (鱼池) and farmland.
"The two stages still did not achieve the superior's forced discharge task, so we carried out the third stage of forced discharge to the villages in the temporary flood diversion area, giving priority to selecting areas with relatively low and flat terrain to continue drainage," Zhao Hongxing (赵红星) said. The periphery of the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) is not suitable for cultivation due to high groundwater levels and severe salinization, and has already accumulated large areas of water due to the early rainfall, making it the best choice for a temporary flood diversion area. Xiaopangjiaying Village (小庞家营村) and other 5 villages are among them.
Hai Ying (海鹰) explained that at that time, the 5 villages had not yet been designated as flood storage and detention areas. "According to the work instructions issued by the frontline command, the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) storage capacity had to be reduced to below 60.6 million cubic meters before August 26th. Therefore, we formulated the 'Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) Flood Storage and Detention Area Implementation Plan.'" "The situation was too urgent, so we could only carry out forced discharge first, and then submit a supplementary request to the higher authorities. The relevant request has now been sent to the Ministry of Water Resources (水利部) and is awaiting approval."
Zhao Hongxing (赵红星) said that on August 19th, town and village cadres were arranged to notify villagers to prepare for evacuation from house to house. "When notified, many villagers did not believe that a flood would occur here, and were even more unwilling to evacuate. An 80-year-old villager said that he had never seen what flooding looked like since he could remember." Zhao Hongxing (赵红星) explained the reason for the slightly hasty emergency evacuation.
Regarding the villagers' question of why water pumping was not actively organized for 3 months after the forced discharge, Wang Ruigen (王瑞根), Deputy Director of the Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) Water Resources Bureau, explained that due to the rise in groundwater levels in the affected villages after the flood, even if water pumping was carried out, groundwater would still seep out of the ground. In addition, the number of local water pumping equipment was too small, so there has been no water pumping recently.
"Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) has always been an arid and rain-scarce area, and water conservancy facilities are all built around drought resistance. Cadres and the masses lack flood control experience," said Li Ruiheng (李锐亨), Deputy Secretary of the Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) Party Committee and Banner Head. Post-disaster reconstruction work also faces the practical difficulties of lacking money and equipment.
The banner government proposed a relief plan, believing that it could guarantee the basic living needs of the villagers.
How did the government resettle the villagers of Xiaopangjiaying (小庞家营) and the other four villages after the evacuation? "The government first gave each household 4,000 yuan as a living allowance, allowing us to rent houses to live in. Later, they proposed a relief plan," a villager introduced.
Zhao Hongxing (赵红星) showed the reporter a copy of the "Chalechuan Town (敕勒川镇) Xiaopangjiaying Village (小庞家营村) and Other Flood-Affected Areas Relief Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Relief Plan"), which clearly stated that the relief for villagers would adopt three models: monetary relief, villager purchase and construction, and nearby off-site replacement. Houses, decorations, and above-ground attachments are monetary subsidies, for example, brick-concrete structures are calculated at 1,100 yuan/square meter, and earth-wood structures are calculated at 800 yuan/square meter.
"Homesteads are subsidized according to the principle of compensated withdrawal, with a benchmark land price multiplied by a coefficient of 1.1. Villagers can purchase nearby homesteads or vacant houses. We have also centrally planned two open spaces in other villages for off-site replacement, and villagers can replace them and then build houses. The cost of building houses is the same as the subsidy in the relief plan," Zhao Hongxing (赵红星) said.
In addition to houses, Zhao Hongxing (赵红星) told reporters that they plan to have state-owned enterprises contract the village's farmland, with contracts signed for 3 years first, and the transfer fee is 500 to 600 yuan per mu per year.
Cui Jie (崔杰), member of the Standing Committee of the Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) Party Committee and Deputy Banner Head, said that the land around Xiaopangjiaying Village (小庞家营村) and other villages had no harvest last year, and the privately transferred land in the village was 200 to 300 yuan per mu per year. The transfer fee of 500 to 600 yuan is higher than the average level. At the same time, only about half of the village's population actually lives there. "It is already difficult for villagers to make a living by farming alone, and most villagers need subsidies from their children who work outside. We have adopted a policy of land transfer, also taking into account the subsequent living costs of the villagers. Villagers receiving minimum living allowances and agricultural subsidies can continue to receive them."
"The 'Relief Plan' refers to multiple documents, and the standards are generally higher than the national level. The plan has been negotiated in the city, and other affected counties are similar," Hai Ying (海鹰) believes that the relief plan can guarantee the basic living needs of the villagers.
Some villagers have accepted the relief plan. Villager Xing Laibiao (邢来表) is 66 years old. He accepted the relief plan and bought a 103-square-meter fully furnished house in Chasuchi Town (察素齐镇), where the banner government is located, spending more than 300,000 yuan. "The original house was subsidized for more than 400,000 yuan," Xing Laibiao (邢来表) said.
Villager Zhu Tuanyuan (朱团员) also plans to move to Chasuchi Town (察素齐镇). However, the compensation for his original house is 200,000 to 300,000 yuan, and he can only buy a house of about 90 square meters in the banner, which is not enough for his couple and his parents, a family of four, to live in. "Not to mention the subsequent property fees, heating fees, water and electricity fees, etc."
In addition to economic considerations, many villagers have doubts and disagreements.
Villager Liu Xirong (刘喜荣) questioned that since the village was flooded due to forced discharge, why is the compensation for the villagers the "Relief Plan"? The farmland is transferred for 3 years, "What will happen after 3 years? Will the government continue to transfer it? How will the transferred land be used?"
In response, Zhao Hongxing (赵红星) said that there is currently no clear use plan for the transferred land, and no development will be done.
Hai Ying (海鹰) explained that Xiaopangjiaying (小庞家营) and the other 5 villages that were forcibly discharged this time have been reported to higher authorities as flood storage and detention areas, but have not yet been approved. The banner party committee and banner government are providing relief first to ensure the basic living needs of the villagers, and the relief plan is higher than the compensation standard for flood storage and detention areas.
According to the "Compensation Measures for the Use of Flood Storage and Detention Areas" promulgated by the State Council in June 2025, crops are compensated according to 50% to 70% of the average annual output value of the 3 years before the use of the flood storage and detention area, housing is compensated according to 70% of the water damage loss, and agricultural production machinery, major household durable consumer goods, and livestock and poultry are compensated according to 50% of the water damage loss.
Some villagers do not understand or accept the relief plan and have concerns about their future lives.
Wang Yang (王洋) showed the reporter a certificate for applying for a transitional resettlement subsidy, which stated "Flood Storage and Detention Area Housing Certificate," "But on August 20th, when the Hasuhai Reservoir (哈素海水库) was forcibly discharged, our village did not become a flood storage and detention area." "The government is saying that this place will be used as a flood storage and detention area in the future, and applying future policies to the present, which makes people suspicious," Liu Xirong (刘喜荣) said.
Liu Xirong (刘喜荣) questioned that if it is just relief for the villagers, then the villagers should still have ownership of the houses and homesteads. Why does the "Relief Plan" say that "the original disaster-stricken houses will be uniformly transferred to the Chalechuan Town (敕勒川镇) People's Government for separate disposal, and the homesteads will be taken back by the village committee"? Moreover, the "Compensation Measures for the Use of Flood Storage and Detention Areas" also does not have the provision that the ownership of houses and homesteads must be handed over after becoming a flood storage and detention area. If the relief is accepted, must the villagers relocate? If the villagers must relocate, why not apply the compensation standards for whole village relocation and expropriation and demolition?
Hai Ying (海鹰) explained that because the groundwater level has risen, even without heavy rainfall, nearby villages are no longer suitable for living and farming, and it is recommended that villagers move away. "For relocation, we have always adopted the principle of voluntariness. Villagers who accept the relief plan can relocate, and villagers who do not accept it can continue to live in the village after the water recedes. There is no forced relocation or expropriation."
"If we want to ensure that the villagers continue to live, we should start water pumping operations earlier. Now everything is damaged by soaking, and we can't go back to live," Liu Xirong (刘喜荣) believes that for 3 months, the government has not actively taken measures such as water pumping, nor has it maintained roads and other infrastructure. "This is irresponsible."
The "Relief Plan" states that "After this plan is printed and implemented, in principle, the relief confirmation and related agreements shall be completed before November 15, 2025. If it is not signed by the deadline, it will be deemed as automatically giving up this relief."
Even so, many villagers still do not accept it. When the reporter arrived in Tumote Left Banner (土默特左旗) on November 18, only 44 households had accepted the relief plan, less than 10% of the total.
"If we move to a neighboring village, it will be difficult for us to integrate psychologically," Zhu Tuanyuan (朱团员) said, "The villagers are scattered in all directions, and we don't know how long this kind of life will last. The government has not given any explanation." Speaking of her flooded house, villager Ji Quanmei (冀全美) shed tears, "We are full of feelings for the place where we live, this is our home."
Even the villagers who have accepted the relief plan have many regrets. Villager Li Hezhong (李和中) is preparing to accept the monetary relief method and take the money to buy a small courtyard in the banner. He also said, "City life is more lonely, and there are no people I know."
Town cadres have been patiently and meticulously doing ideological work among the masses without interruption. After November 15, the town government still visited and mobilized households one by one. As of November 25, 159 households had signed agreements and accepted the "Relief Plan." The reporter will continue to follow up.
Return to TopI live in Diecuiyuan, South China Country Garden Community, Panyu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province (广东省广州市番禺区华南碧桂园小区叠翠苑). Starting in March of this year, Zhidi Village (植地庄村) next to our community began demolition. The construction team not only piled the demolished construction waste downstairs in our community (see picture) but also crushed it on the spot. During the operation, neither dust-proof nets were laid nor dust-reducing measures such as spraying water were taken. A large amount of dust was blown around by the blower, which seriously affected the daily life and health of nearby residents. I hope that relevant departments will regulate the demolition work and remove this pile of construction waste as soon as possible.
Resident of Diecuiyuan, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province (广东省广州市叠翠苑居民)
Return to TopSafety Matters More Than Warmth
Pay Attention to the Risks of Electric Bicycle "Windshields"
In the cold winter, adding a "windshield" to electric bicycles has become a common "standard configuration." However, while "windshields" protect against the cold wind, they also increase safety risks. For example, "windshields" disrupt the original design balance of electric bicycles, reduce vehicle stability, and increase the probability of collisions with surrounding vehicles. Some "windshields" are also large and can easily get caught or rolled into the wheels while driving. At the same time, "windshields" restrict the rider's hands, affecting operational flexibility. In addition, the "windshields" and handlebar gloves on the market usually use polyester fiber as filling and fleece as lining. Both materials are flammable, which invisibly increases the risk of vehicle fires.
In response to the safety hazards caused by adding "windshields" to electric bicycles, many places have introduced detailed rules and carried out special rectification actions. I believe that adding "windshields" to electric bicycles should neither be ignored nor be subject to a **一刀切** (yī dāo qiē - "one knife cut," a one-size-fits-all approach) ban. Instead, we should help riders find a balance between warmth and safety. It is recommended that relevant departments guide the public to recognize the safety risks brought by "windshields" and choose to wear safety helmets, cold-proof clothing, and use warm knee pads, etc., to ensure safe travel while taking into account warmth.
Zhang Limei (张立美), Linyi City (临沂市), Shandong Province (山东)
Adding Smart Device Teaching
Community Elderly Care Services Should Be Precise and Practical
The community where I live has a large number of elderly people, many of whom are empty-nest families. In recent years, the community has successively added elderly care services, but the actual effect has been unsatisfactory. For example, the meal assistance point provides two simple meals a day, with single dishes and tastes, which are difficult to meet the personalized dietary needs of elderly people, sick elderly people, and others. In addition, elderly care activities are mainly based on chess, cards, and singing, lacking practical content such as smart device teaching and health knowledge lectures for the elderly. Many elderly people want to learn how to use smart phones to register and shop, but cannot find suitable guidance channels.
The core of community elderly care services is to meet the actual needs of the elderly. It is recommended that relevant departments conduct detailed surveys of the age structure, health status, and service needs of the elderly in the jurisdiction to understand the needs of the elderly; and then provide precise services for different groups, such as introducing professional nursing teams for disabled elderly people, providing regular door-to-door companionship services for elderly people living alone, and opening special training classes for elderly people with learning needs. At the same time, establish and improve a service evaluation mechanism to force the improvement of service levels and truly warm the hearts of the elderly.
Chen Zemin (陈泽民), Wuhan City (武汉市), Hubei Province (湖北)
Setting Up Scams in the Name of Health
Beware of "Pseudo-Nutritionists" on Social Platforms
With the improvement of living standards, consumers' attention to nutrition and health has increased significantly. Some people on various social platforms use names such as "health managers" and "nutrition consultants" to decorate their facades with short-term, quick-training certificates, or directly forge qualification certificates to gain consumer trust. These "pseudo-nutritionists" use people's needs for nutrition and health to fabricate success stories and use rhetoric such as "customized plans," "course packages," and "buy more save more" to induce consumers to buy a large number of health products at prices much higher than the market price. Some consumers, especially many elderly consumers, do not realize they have been deceived until they have spent thousands or even tens of thousands of yuan.
In the face of such "pseudo-nutritionists," consumers need to keep their eyes open. On the one hand, they should be wary of "nutritionists" on social platforms. On the other hand, they should clearly recognize that health foods are not drugs and cannot replace drug treatment. At the same time, regulatory departments should take the initiative to increase the supervision of relevant qualifications and training, investigate and deal with "pseudo-nutritionists" in accordance with the law, and hold them accountable for exaggerated publicity and false marketing, so that the cost of violating the law is higher than the benefits of violating the law. In addition, platforms need to improve content review levels, establish a nutritionist qualification verification mechanism, and seriously deal with violations of regulations to cut off the spread path of scams from the source.
Wang Junrong (王军荣), Wenling City (温岭市), Zhejiang Province (浙江)
By: 本报记者 赵 兵 人民网记者 李 源
This year's "Double 11" (双11) promotional event has concluded. Compared to previous years, this year's promotional event started earlier and lasted longer. Various platform enterprises have promoted the implementation of new models such as AI-guided shopping and instant retail, shifting from traffic competition to quality competition that focuses more on user value. At the same time, consumer complaints still focus on price issues, focusing on the transparency of rules.
According to statistics, the People's Daily Online "People's Complaint" (人民网“人民投诉”) platform received more than 13,000 complaints during the "Double 11" period. Data shows that the peak of complaints occurred earlier, during the initial pre-sale period, mainly reflecting issues such as price disputes and false advertising.
"I paid a deposit to order a chest of drawers, and the merchant said that the deposit would be refunded after the installation was completed. As a result, when I paid the final payment, I found that the non-pre-sale price was even cheaper than what I pre-ordered!" Mr. Pang (庞先生) from Xi'an (西安市), Shaanxi (陕西) thought that pre-sale would be more cost-effective, but he encountered "a different price every day." The customer service explained, "The time is different, the activities are different, so the price is different."
Many netizens also reported that, on the one hand, it seems that "this year, we enjoy more preferential benefits," with various subsidies and discount coupons "added on top of each other, stacked on top of each other"; on the other hand, the preferential rules are dazzling. Some coupons failed to be stacked successfully, some category coupons conflicted with each other, and some discount coupons required manual selection for the first use, but the platform did not fully inform in advance, leaving consumers caught off guard when settling, failing to truly obtain the discounts.
"People's Complaint" statistics show that complaints related to "price" accounted for 85.6% of the total number of complaints. A review of the messages shows that phenomena such as "pre-paid final payment 'stab in the back'," "spot goods are actually cheaper than pre-sale," and "automatic price increase" have received a lot of complaints. Some merchants have also been accused of "raising prices first and then lowering prices" before the pre-sale, or attracting consumers to place orders through various discounts, but failing to obtain the expected discounts when settling.
In response, some e-commerce platforms and merchants explained that the price displayed on the product page is the optimal price automatically calculated by the system after all discounts are stacked. When consumers actually pay, the final price is higher than the price displayed on the page.
"This year's complaints about prices and rules reflect that consumers not only pay attention to the level of prices, but also demand transparency in promotional rules and fairness in the transaction process." Pang Jun (庞隽), a professor at Sun Yat-sen University Business School (中山大学商学院), analyzed that e-commerce platforms should leverage their unique data and algorithm advantages to build a transparent, fair, and orderly consumption environment. "For example, platforms can provide 30-day price comparisons or historical price range prompts to help consumers intuitively judge the degree of discount; by clearly displaying the price relationship between pre-sale and spot goods in the promotional information, and providing reminders of the timeliness and risks of price protection," Pang Jun (庞隽) said.
It is worth noting that during this year's "Double 11" (双11) period, complaints about emerging consumer categories such as smart technology and virtual goods have increased significantly. Mr. Zhu (朱先生) from Nanjing (南京市), Jiangsu (江苏) purchased a projector during the "Double 11" (双11) period. "The merchant advertised 8K picture quality and no pressure for direct projection during the day, but the actual picture quality was so blurry that even the subtitles could not be seen." He proposed "refund one and compensate three," but after negotiation, the merchant only agreed to provide dozens of yuan in compensation.
A review of the complaint messages also reveals that the growth rate of complaints about smart products is the fastest, increasing by 72.6% compared to last year, mostly due to inconsistencies between functional claims and actual experience, such as drone obstacle avoidance failures, frequent failures of sweeping robots, and difficult after-sales maintenance. Virtual services are inconsistent with the advertised service content, such as the quality of online courses shrinking, and card and voucher accounts cannot be used or have many restrictions after being recharged, and it is difficult to provide evidence when defending rights.
In addition, complaints about health products increased by 36.2%, mainly involving drug quality issues, false advertising of health care products, and poor actual effects. Pang Jun (庞隽) believes that, unlike smart technology products, the increase in complaints about health products and virtual services is not a problem of insufficient technological maturity, but is caused by merchants' "excessive promises" and "ambiguous rule design" and other non-standard marketing behaviors. Merchants should abide by the principle of good faith, rather than exaggerating their effects, otherwise, while bringing a bad experience to consumers, they will also damage their credibility.
Return to TopThis year marks the final year of the 5-year transition period for consolidating and expanding the achievements in poverty alleviation and effectively linking them with rural revitalization. Over the past five years, the Agricultural Bank of China (中国农业银行) has resolutely implemented the strategic deployments of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, consistently shouldering its political responsibilities, refining its work measures, and consistently helping to consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation, firmly guarding the bottom line against large-scale return to poverty, and fully promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside. As of the end of September 2025, the Agricultural Bank of China's outstanding loans in 832 poverty-stricken counties totaled 2.52 trillion yuan, including 481.2 billion yuan in 160 key national counties for rural revitalization, with growth rates consistently higher than the bank's average loan growth rate.
Adhering to Party Building Leadership to Unite Financial Assistance Efforts
Party organizations at all levels of the Agricultural Bank of China actively collaborate with county and township (town) Party committees and village committees, innovatively launching the "Financial Village Director" assistance model, jointly exploring "organizational co-construction, credit co-evaluation, village co-management, talent co-cultivation, difficulty co-assistance, and resource sharing" Party building co-construction methods, helping grassroots Party organizations play a fighting fortress role in consolidating and expanding the achievements in poverty alleviation and effectively linking them with rural revitalization. Village committee members familiar with village conditions and public sentiment are invited to serve as "Financial Village Directors" to promote financial knowledge and policies, promptly grasp villagers' financial needs, and connect with ABC customer managers through the "e-promoter" mini-program to handle loans on-site, allowing villagers to enjoy convenient and efficient financial services without leaving their homes, and helping to optimize and upgrade the rural credit system through "Party building + finance + technology." As of the end of September 2025, the Agricultural Bank of China has cumulatively appointed 45,000 "Financial Village Directors," built 99,000 credit villages, and issued loans exceeding 450 billion yuan to 6.16 million farmers in credit villages.
In Xinhua Village (新华村), Oronchon Autonomous Banner (鄂伦春自治旗), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (内蒙古自治区), the ABC Oronchon Sub-branch invited village committee members to serve as "Financial Village Directors" to understand villagers' financial needs, promote financial knowledge and ABC's pro-agriculture policies, and solve the "urgent needs" of many farmers and herdsmen in production and operation.
Since 2023, the Agricultural Bank of China has jointly formulated a "Financial Village Director" service plan with the Oronchon Autonomous Banner Party Committee and government, launched an exclusive "e-promoter" scenario, and issued a special performance evaluation plan, building a bridge of information and services between financial institutions and farmers. Today, the "Financial Village Director" service model has achieved full coverage in 82 administrative villages and 33 communities under the jurisdiction of the Oronchon Autonomous Banner, and has cumulatively recommended 4,400 loans totaling 1.1 billion yuan through this model.
Focusing on Poverty-Stricken Farmers to Help Safeguard the Bottom Line Against Large-Scale Return to Poverty
The Agricultural Bank of China strictly implements the "Four No Removals" requirements, establishes a "one county, one file" working mechanism in key national counties for rural revitalization and the original "Three Regions and Three Prefectures" areas, accurately grasps the financial needs of poverty-stricken areas, formulates assistance goals by layer and category, improves the long-term assistance system, and actively promotes characteristic products such as small loans for poverty-stricken people and "Prosperity Loans" to provide financial support for the majority of farmers, especially poverty-stricken households and households at risk of falling into poverty, to increase their income and become rich. As of the end of September 2025, the Agricultural Bank of China's targeted assistance loan balance was 603.3 billion yuan, supporting nearly 920,000 poverty-stricken people in developing production and driving nearly 3.8 million poverty-stricken people to achieve employment and income growth; the "Prosperity Loan" balance was 129.2 billion yuan, helping 1.41 million farmers embark on the road to prosperity.
In Nuriba Village (努日巴村), Golmud City (格尔木市), Qinghai Province (青海省), an Agricultural Bank of China "Prosperity Loan" of 200,000 yuan helped herdsmen solve the funding problem for building standardized cattle sheds. The "Prosperity Loan" not only has preferential interest rates but also enjoys interest subsidies from guarantee institutions, greatly reducing the financing costs for herdsmen.
Since the promotion of the "Prosperity Loan," the ABC Qinghai Branch has closely focused on the actual situation in poverty-stricken areas, jointly established a government-bank-guarantee collaborative mechanism with local agricultural and rural departments and guarantee companies, superimposed preferential loan interest rates and guarantee fee subsidies, effectively reducing loan costs for farmers and herdsmen. At the same time, the scope of "Prosperity Loan" business was expanded to 39 poverty-stricken counties. Since 2021, the ABC Qinghai Branch has cumulatively issued over 12.9 billion yuan in "Prosperity Loans," benefiting nearly 66,000 farmers and herdsmen.
Empowering Industrial Revitalization to Activate the Endogenous Momentum of the Countryside
The Agricultural Bank of China deeply grasps the requirements of rural industrial revitalization, precisely embeds financial services into the entire chain of rural industrial development, fully guarantees the stable production and supply of important agricultural products such as grain, vigorously supports the cultivation of characteristic industries such as "one village, one product" and "one county, one industry" in various places, and continues to increase support for new agricultural business entities such as family farms, farmers' cooperatives, and leading agricultural industrialization enterprises, and continuously consolidates and enhances the foundation for rural industrial development. As of the end of September 2025, the Agricultural Bank of China's rural industrial loan balance was 2.74 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.79 trillion yuan compared to the beginning of 2021.
In Nianpu Village (廿铺村), Tianshui City (天水市), Gansu Province (甘肃省), the Agricultural Bank of China's "Huinong e-Loan" helped fruit farmers "pull up" hail nets to avoid cold waves and hail damage to Gala apples. ABC customer managers conducted on-site surveys, collected data, and established credit files, and the loan was issued in just 3 days.
Most farmers in Nianpu Village make a living by growing apples. The ABC Tianshui Branch in Gansu Province, combined with the actual local industry, actively supports the production and operation of Gala apple base cooperatives and surrounding farmers with products such as "Industrial Revitalization Loans" and "Huinong e-Loans." In the past three years, it has issued loans of over 180 million yuan to more than 120 cooperative members and 300 villagers in Nianpu Village, benefiting more than 60% of local apple growers.
Building a Beautiful and Harmonious Countryside to Make Up for Shortcomings in Rural Development
The Agricultural Bank of China continues to increase financial support for infrastructure construction and public service fields in key national counties for rural revitalization and underdeveloped areas such as the original "Three Regions and Three Prefectures," focusing on infrastructure construction such as rural water, electricity, roads, gas, and communications, as well as key projects such as water conservancy, energy, and ecological environment governance. Actively participate in the rural living environment improvement action, providing financing support for rural toilet revolution, domestic waste and sewage treatment, and village appearance improvement. Focusing on key areas of follow-up support in resettlement areas, the "Yifu Asset Loan" product was innovatively launched, exploring a commercialized and sustainable financial service model for follow-up support for resettlement. As of the end of September 2025, the Agricultural Bank of China's loan balance in the field of rural construction in key national counties for rural revitalization and the original "Three Regions and Three Prefectures" areas exceeded 290 billion yuan, an increase of over 170% compared to 2021.
In a resettlement site in Bijiang District (碧江区), Tongren City (铜仁市), Guizhou Province (贵州省), rows of residential buildings are neatly arranged, and public service facilities such as community kindergartens, hospitals, and basketball courts are readily available. In order to help resettled people achieve the goal of "stable settlement and prosperity," the ABC Guizhou Branch innovatively launched a special "Yifu Asset Loan" service plan. As of the end of September 2025, it has provided credit support of 436 million yuan for the construction of industrial employment and public service facilities in 20 resettlement sites across the province, benefiting 154,000 resettled people.
Gathering Diverse Forces to Increase Comprehensive Assistance
The Agricultural Bank of China continues to strengthen multi-party cooperation, formulate policies and measures around East-West collaboration, consumption assistance, and talent assistance, and promote the continuous improvement of the quality and efficiency of comprehensive assistance. Proactively connect with local governments' East-West industrial transfer and project introduction work arrangements, and coordinate Eastern region branches to actively participate in local governments' key East-West collaboration projects. Since 2021, the Agricultural Bank of China has provided supporting financial services for 324 East-West collaboration projects, with a cumulative loan issuance of 12 billion yuan; helping Western regions introduce 406 assistance projects and introduce 898 million yuan in funds. Give full play to the advantages of system coordination, organize and mobilize all employees and customers of the bank to actively purchase agricultural and sideline products from poverty-stricken areas. In the past five years, the cumulative amount of consumption assistance has exceeded 10 billion yuan. The Agricultural Bank of China's "ABC Mall" consumption assistance model was selected as a "Typical Case of National Consumption Assistance to Help Rural Revitalization in 2023" by the National Development and Reform Commission. Continue to carry out the "Financial Talent Stationed in Counties to Help Towns and Villages Enrich People Action," cumulatively dispatching nearly 5,000 temporary assistance cadres, providing solid talent support for the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside.
The Talatan (塔拉滩) in Gonghe County (共和县), Qinghai Province (青海省) was once barren and uninhabited. In 2012, the local area began to vigorously develop the photovoltaic industry, gradually exploring a new "photovoltaic + agriculture and animal husbandry" "mutual promotion of animal husbandry and light" model. The ABC Jiangsu Branch sent temporary cadres to Gonghe County for exchanges, and worked with the local team to guide nearly 400 million yuan of funds to the Talatan photovoltaic industry, driving local farmers and herdsmen to increase their income and become rich by expanding the scale of Tibetan sheep breeding. At present, the Gonghe County photovoltaic pasture covers an area of over 120,000 mu, radiating and driving 21 village collectives and over 6,000 farmers and herdsmen, with a periodic annual breeding capacity of nearly 20,000 Tibetan sheep, and an increase in income of nearly 4 million yuan for farmers and herdsmen.
Since the launch of the Agricultural Bank of China's East-West Collaboration "Double Hundred" Cadre and Talent Pairing Assistance Program for Rural Revitalization, the ABC Jiangsu Branch has cumulatively selected 41 "Double Hundred" exchange cadres to carry out targeted assistance around key areas such as industrial development, bank-government cooperation, and investment promotion. Actively organize high-quality enterprises in Jiangsu to go to counterpart assistance areas for inspection and investment, effectively supporting the industrial transformation and upgrading of poverty-stricken areas and the employment and income increase of the masses.
Data source: Agricultural Bank of China (中国农业银行)
Return to TopBy: 张玉卓
The main players in the economy are the main participants in China's economic activities, the main providers of employment opportunities, and the main drivers of technological progress. The "Suggestions of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" adopted at the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, takes "fully stimulating the vitality of various business entities" as an important task to accelerate the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system and enhance the driving force for high-quality development. This is a strategic deployment made by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, focusing on comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. We must thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, always adhere to and implement the "two unwaverings," make greater efforts to fully stimulate the vitality of various business entities, and continuously inject strong impetus into China's high-quality economic development.
1. Unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, and strengthen, optimize, and expand state-owned enterprises and state-owned capital.
State-owned enterprises are an important material and political foundation of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which is related to the consolidation of the dominant position of public ownership, the Party's ruling position and ability to govern, and China's socialist system. To promote Chinese-style modernization, we must adhere to the Party's leadership over state-owned enterprises, unswervingly strengthen, optimize, and expand state-owned enterprises and state-owned capital, effectively enhance the competitiveness, innovation, control, influence, and risk resistance of the state-owned economy, and accelerate the creation of modern new state-owned enterprises that are innovation-leading, functionally prominent, efficiently governed, and full of vitality.
(1) Deepen the reform of state-owned assets and state-owned enterprises. Through reform, we will continuously clear the bottlenecks restricting the high-quality development of enterprises, and better stimulate endogenous power and innovation vitality. We must improve the market-oriented operating mechanism, deepen the reform of the three internal systems of enterprises, thoroughly implement the term-of-office system and contractual management of members of the management, deepen the reform of the wage determination mechanism of state-owned enterprises, reasonably determine and strictly regulate the salaries, allowances, and subsidies of leaders at all levels, and support technology-based subsidiaries in establishing more flexible and market-competitive medium- and long-term incentive mechanisms, so that state-owned enterprises can truly operate according to market-oriented mechanisms. We must optimize the enterprise management and operation system, accelerate the transformation of enterprise organizational forms, promote large enterprises to implement flattening transformation in light of actual conditions, continuously compress management levels, shorten decision-making chains, accelerate digital transformation and intelligent upgrading, enhance the sensitivity to changes in the market environment and industrial development trends, fully tap the "talent benefits," and vigorously promote efficiency revolution. We must improve the state-owned asset supervision system, adhere to the separation of government and enterprises and the separation of government and capital, improve the investor system and centralized and unified supervision system for operating state-owned assets, create specialized state-owned asset supervision agencies, and formulate more targeted, inclusive, and flexible supervision policies according to the different industries and development stages of enterprises, increase the investigation of responsibility for violations of business investment, and continuously improve the level of professional, systematic, rule-of-law, and efficient supervision.
(2) Promote the optimization of the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy. Adhere to doing something and not doing something, focus on strategic security, industrial leadership, national economy and people's livelihood, public services and other functions, adjust the stock structure, optimize the incremental investment direction, and vigorously develop the real economy. We must clarify the key investment areas and directions of state-owned capital, improve the management of primary responsibilities and primary industries, and promote the concentration of state-owned capital in important industries and key areas related to national security and the lifeline of the national economy, in public services, emergency capabilities, and public welfare areas related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and in forward-looking strategic emerging industries. We must strengthen strategic and specialized restructuring, increase efforts to merge "similar items" around strengthening functional missions and improving scale benefits, avoid duplication of construction and disorderly competition; around promoting technological innovation and industrial innovation, promote technology-leading enterprises to strengthen the integration and integrated allocation of innovation resources, gather innovation elements, and form innovation synergy; around enhancing the resilience and competitiveness of China's industrial chain, strengthen the vertical integration and cooperation of upstream and downstream resources in the industrial chain, and jointly move towards the high end of the value chain. We must promote the rational and orderly flow of state-owned capital, better play the functional role of state-owned capital investment and operation companies, create professional and market-oriented state-owned capital operation platforms, accelerate the disposal of inefficient and ineffective assets and the revitalization of existing assets, and promote the optimization of allocation, value enhancement, and income improvement of state-owned capital in rational and orderly flow, and create more social wealth.
(3) Enhance the core functions of state-owned enterprises and enhance their core competitiveness. Promote state-owned enterprises to better use operating means and market forces to fulfill the national strategic mission, and effectively play the role of technological innovation, industrial control, and security support in building a modern industrial system and building a new development pattern. We must improve the evaluation system of state-owned enterprises, establish an evaluation system for state-owned enterprises to fulfill their strategic missions, improve the accurate, differentiated, and long-term evaluation system and policy support system for technological innovation and industrial innovation, implement "one enterprise, one policy" assessment, and guide state-owned enterprises to effectively shift the focus of development to enhancing core functions and enhancing core competitiveness. We must promote state-owned enterprises to build original technology sources and modern industrial chain leaders, strengthen applied basic research, accelerate the tackling of key core technologies, and strive to become demanders, innovation organizers, technology providers, and market appliers of original technologies; flexibly use industrial development funds and other tools to guide state-owned capital to play an active role in the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, the cluster development of strategic emerging industries, and the cultivation of future industries. We must enhance the bottom-line support and guarantee capabilities of state-owned enterprises, strengthen the layout of the state-owned economy in important industries and fields such as national defense security, energy, resource and food supply, strategic material reserves, and backbone networks, and better safeguard national strategic security.
2. Unwaveringly encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector of the economy, and promote the development and growth of the private economy.
Since the reform and opening up, the development and growth of the private economy has injected strong impetus into China's economic and social development. At present, the number of private enterprises accounts for more than 90% of the total number of enterprises, accounting for more than 90% of the national high-tech enterprises, contributing more than 80% to urban employment, and contributing more than 50% to imports and exports and taxes. It is an important force in promoting the development of the socialist market economy. Supporting the development of the private economy is a consistent policy of our Party. We must fully implement the policies and measures of the Party Central Committee to promote the development of the private economy, implement the Private Economy Promotion Law, guide private enterprises to firmly become builders of socialism with Chinese characteristics and promoters of Chinese-style modernization, and promote the healthy development of the non-public sector of the economy and the healthy growth of people in the non-public sector of the economy.
(1) Continuously optimize the development environment of the private economy. Guarantee equal use of production factors, fair participation in market competition, and effective protection of legitimate rights and interests from the legal and institutional level, and fully stimulate the vitality of private enterprises. We must continue to eliminate barriers to market access and fair competition, promote the construction of a unified national market in depth, implement the new version of the market access negative list, implement non-discriminatory policies for private enterprises in bidding, government procurement, and other public resource transaction fields, continue to promote the fair opening of competitive fields of infrastructure to various business entities, improve the long-term mechanism for private enterprises to participate in major projects, support capable private enterprises to take the lead in undertaking national key technology research tasks, support private enterprises to invest and layout in emerging industries and future industries, and support private enterprises to actively participate in the "two major" construction and "two new" work. We must focus on solving the problem of arrears of payments to private enterprises, make good use of new local government special bonds and other policies, promote state-owned enterprises to take the lead in untangling the "chain套", establish and improve a long-term mechanism for clearing and preventing arrears of payments, improve the government's integrity performance mechanism, and increase the cost of arrears and breach of trust by government departments and state-owned enterprises. We must increase policy support for the development of the private economy, further build a close and clear relationship between government and business, make good use of the comprehensive service platform for the development of the private economy, improve the closed-loop mechanism for problem collection, handling, feedback, and follow-up visits, help private enterprises solve more difficult problems from point to surface, reduce the financing costs of private enterprises, and provide multi-channel support for the financing of technology-based private enterprises.
(2) Support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and individual businesses. Small and medium-sized enterprises and individual businesses are all over thousands of industries and connected to thousands of households. They are the most numerous business entities in China and an important force in promoting innovation, promoting employment, and improving people's livelihood. We must strengthen high-quality and efficient service support, further standardize law enforcement and supervision behaviors involving enterprises, carry out special governance of fees involving small and medium-sized enterprises and individual businesses, establish and improve the four-level small and medium-sized enterprise public service platforms at the national, provincial, municipal, and county levels, and continuously improve the accuracy, timeliness, and satisfaction of services. We must promote relief and cultivation with greater efforts, increase financial credit support for small and medium-sized enterprises and individual businesses, actively help individual businesses solve problems such as rent, taxes, fees, and social security, thoroughly implement the high-quality small and medium-sized enterprise cultivation project, encourage small and medium-sized enterprises to participate in the formulation of international standards, national standards, and industry standards, and cultivate more specialized, refined, and new small and medium-sized enterprises. We must promote the coordinated and integrated development of large, medium, and small enterprises, give play to the leading role of large enterprises, especially leading enterprises in the industrial chain, help small and medium-sized enterprises participate in strengthening and supplementing the key industrial chain supply chain, accelerate the collaborative innovation of industry, academia, and research, promote the empowerment of scientific and technological achievements to small and medium-sized enterprises, support the clustered development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and build a number of small and medium-sized enterprise characteristic industrial clusters.
(3) Strengthen the protection of property rights through law enforcement and justice. The property rights of the public sector of the economy are inviolable, and the property rights of the non-public sector of the economy are equally inviolable. We must accelerate the formation of a legal system based on the Private Economy Promotion Law and supported by relevant laws, regulations, and rules, and better play the role of the rule of law in promoting the development of the private economy in consolidating the foundation, stabilizing expectations, and benefiting the long term. We must protect the legitimate rights and interests of private enterprises and private entrepreneurs in accordance with the law, accelerate the improvement of the administrative discretion benchmark system in areas such as administrative penalties, publicly disclose regulatory standards and rules in accordance with the law, enhance the stability and predictability of regulatory systems and policies, improve mechanisms for appeals and retrials of cases involving enterprises, improve effective prevention and normalized correction mechanisms for unjust and wrong cases, and strengthen the protection of original innovation of private enterprises. We must strengthen judicial supervision of compulsory measures such as sealing up, detaining, and freezing, prevent sealing up, detaining, and freezing property beyond authority, scope, amount, and time limit, prevent illegal extraterritorial law enforcement and profit-seeking law enforcement, prevent the use of administrative and criminal means to interfere in economic disputes, and minimize the impact of investigation and handling of cases on the normal office and legitimate production and operation of enterprises.
3. Accelerate the construction of world-class enterprises and strive to achieve better governance, stronger competitiveness, and greater influence.
World-class enterprises are an important manifestation of a country's economic strength, technological strength, and international competitiveness, and are a key force in leading global industrial development and technological innovation. To comprehensively build a strong socialist modern country, we must promote the complementary advantages and common development of various ownership economies, and accelerate the construction of a number of world-class enterprises with excellent products, outstanding brands, leading innovation, and modern governance.
(1) Improve the modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics. The modern enterprise system with Chinese characteristics is an important part of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, which is of great significance for enhancing the governance capabilities of modern enterprises. We must adhere to and strengthen the Party's leadership, improve the institutional mechanism for the Party to lead state-owned enterprises, explore effective models that combine adhering to the principle of the Party managing cadres and the Party managing talents with giving play to the role of the market mechanism, and better give play to the leading role of the enterprise Party committee (Party group) in grasping the direction, managing the overall situation, and ensuring implementation; strengthen and improve the Party building of non-public enterprises, and establish and improve the working mechanism for Party organizations and enterprise management to jointly study, communicate, negotiate, and hold talks in light of actual conditions. We must improve the corporate governance structure, promote state-owned enterprises to establish and improve a corporate governance mechanism with statutory powers and responsibilities, transparent powers and responsibilities, coordinated operation, and effective checks and balances, strengthen the basic role of the articles of association in corporate governance, and encourage qualified private enterprises to standardize the establishment of shareholders' meetings, boards of directors, and management, innovate management models, and optimize organizational structures. We must improve the level of scientific management, strengthen strategic, internal control, risk, scientific and democratic management, promote enterprises to apply lean management to the entire process of research and development design, production and manufacturing, supply chain management, and marketing services, support enterprises to strengthen management innovation, and continuously consolidate the management foundation for high-quality development.
(2) Promote the spirit of entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs are an important subject of economic activities and an important source of power for innovation and development. We must create an excellent team of entrepreneurs, improve the system and mechanism for the cultivation, selection, assessment, evaluation, and appointment of leaders of state-owned enterprises, and select and equip the leadership team of state-owned enterprises in accordance with the requirements of "being loyal to the Party, daring to innovate, being good at managing enterprises, revitalizing enterprises, and being honest and clean"; improve the entrepreneur cultivation system, and cultivate entrepreneurs with patriotic feelings, global strategic vision, market development spirit, management innovation ability, and social responsibility. We must create a social atmosphere that respects and encourages entrepreneurs to start businesses, establish and publicize advanced models of entrepreneurs, improve the mechanism for entrepreneurs to participate in the implementation of major strategies, guide entrepreneurs to love the country, be dedicated to their work, abide by laws and regulations, innovate and start businesses, and serve the society, better play the role of entrepreneurs, and give more understanding, tolerance, and help to the mistakes and failures of entrepreneurs in legitimate operations, and promote entrepreneurs to become explorers, organizers, and leaders of innovative development.
(3) Accelerate the construction of more world-class enterprises. Follow the laws of the market economy and the laws of enterprise development, support and guide leading enterprises in the industry to deepen reform, strengthen innovation, and expand opening up, and continuously form new advantages in international competition. We must cultivate world-class independent innovation capabilities, guide enterprises to continuously increase investment in research and development, build high-level research and development platforms, cultivate strategic scientific and technological talents, leading scientific and technological talents, outstanding engineers, and high-level innovation teams, and form cross-field, large-scale collaboration, and high-intensity innovation bases and innovation consortia, and better fulfill the mission and responsibility of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance. We must create world-class products, services, and brands, promote enterprises to innovate production models and industrial organization methods, better adapt to personalized, differentiated, and high-quality consumption needs, focus on key areas to create high-quality products and services, scientifically build a brand architecture system, improve brand management and operation capabilities, enhance brand value, and shape a number of globally well-known brands. We must form world-class resource allocation and integration capabilities, support enterprises to integrate into the global market more deeply and widely, realize the global allocation of various elements such as capital, resources, technology, and talents, build a global production, sales, and service network, focus on high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative, actively and steadily explore the international market, and drive China's standards, technologies, equipment, services, etc. to accelerate "going out."
Return to TopBy: 张学勇
In today's world, a new round of technological revolution, represented by artificial intelligence technology, is flourishing, constantly spawning new scenarios, new business forms, and new models. While empowering the economic development and progress of human society, it also brings some risks, challenges, and security concerns. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Properly address the rule conflicts, social risks, and ethical challenges brought about by technological development." The "Suggestions" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed: "Strengthen the construction of science and technology rule of law, ethics, integrity, and security." Finance is the lifeblood of the national economy and an important component of national core competitiveness. With the empowerment of new technologies such as artificial intelligence and big data, fintech is constantly innovating and deeply integrating into the development of the financial industry. Effectively governing fintech activities is an inherent requirement for preventing and resolving financial risks, maintaining financial security, and promoting high-quality financial development. We must thoroughly study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech, earnestly implement the decisions and deployments of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, continuously strengthen the construction of financial technology ethics, and constantly consolidate the national financial security defense line.
Financial activities are centered on credit, and the foundation of credit lies in trust. Financial ethics is the institutionalization and standardization of this trust, and it is the moral code and code of conduct for financial operations. In recent years, with the deep integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and blockchain with financial businesses, fintech innovation has become an important force in promoting the development of the financial industry, providing a continuous source of power for financial development, and also bringing some challenges. For example, fintech innovation has achieved remarkable results in improving financial efficiency and expanding inclusive services, and can better solve the problems of high costs, insufficient returns, and difficulty in balancing efficiency and security faced by the development of inclusive finance, reduce the service threshold of financial institutions, and solve the financing difficulties and high financing costs of small and micro enterprises and "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers" (三农), but it also brings ethical risks such as data security and privacy leakage. For example, while artificial intelligence technology empowers high-quality financial development, it inevitably leads to ethical hazards such as algorithmic bias and black-box decision-making, amplifying the speed and scope of financial risk diffusion. This fully demonstrates that strengthening the construction of financial technology ethics is imminent. Strengthening the construction of financial technology ethics, on the one hand, helps to enhance the spirit of contract, standardize market order, improve information transparency, reduce market speculation and moral hazard-related behaviors, prevent the accumulation of financial risks, and maintain the stability of the financial system; on the other hand, it helps to restrain capital from deviating from the real economy and excessively pursuing profits, regulate the flow of funds and risk preferences, ensure that the financial system better serves the real economy, and consolidate the foundation of financial security. To this end, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of financial technology ethics, coordinate the relationship between technology and finance, and ensure the dynamic balance between financial technology innovation and financial security.
Expand the boundaries of financial security. With the deep embedding of new technologies such as artificial intelligence into financial business processes such as credit, payment, investment, and risk control, the types of financial risks have extended from traditional credit risks and market risks to technical risks and data risks, and the risk generation mechanism has become more hidden and the transmission path has become more diversified. Strengthening the construction of financial technology ethics requires moving the financial security defense line forward, shifting the focus of prevention and control from ex-post remedy to ex-ante prediction, strengthening ethical assessment at the source of technological innovation, integrating ethical requirements into the entire process of technology design, product development, and risk control, and building a dynamic ethical governance system covering ex-ante, in-process, and ex-post. In terms of technology application, promote the construction of algorithm transparency and explainable mechanisms, and strengthen model review and data quality management. In terms of data governance, improve the data classification management and usage restriction system, improve the supervision of the entire process of data collection, transmission, and storage, and prevent the spread of systemic risks caused by information abuse, misuse, and abuse. In terms of credit construction, guide financial institutions to implement ethical prudence principles in risk management models, optimize customer profiling and credit assessment rules, and promote the transformation of financial security defense lines from passive prevention and control to active prevention.
Integrate ethical principles into the entire operation process of financial institutions and technology companies. To strengthen financial technology innovation, we must build a solid ethical bottom line to ensure that the development of financial technology serves the public interest and the goal of financial inclusion. At the industry level, guide financial institutions to firmly grasp the financial culture with Chinese characteristics, integrate ethical principles into the entire process of corporate operations and innovation activities, and achieve honesty and trustworthiness, taking righteousness to obtain profit, being prudent and steady, adhering to integrity and innovation, and complying with laws and regulations. At the business level, accelerate the formulation of unified ethical standards and risk warning mechanisms covering the entire business process, so that ethics becomes the basic moral code of financial technology innovation. At the institutional construction level, establish a mechanism that combines ethical compliance with performance evaluation, so that ethics becomes the "accelerator" and "firewall" of financial technology innovation activities. In addition, it is also necessary to improve the ethical education and professional training system for employees to enhance the ethical and moral qualities of financial technology research and development and management personnel.
Strengthen the construction of systems and mechanisms. A sound financial ethics code can effectively prevent the erosion of system security by the speculative profiteering and short-sighted behavior of financial institutions and financial practitioners, and maintain financial market stability and security. To this end, we can clarify the boundaries of responsibility for key links such as algorithm development, data use, and privacy protection, promote the construction of a standardized, procedural, and clearly defined responsibility system, and formulate ethical codes and operating norms adapted to financial technology innovation. Promote financial technology companies to implement the main responsibility in information disclosure and data security, improve public accountability and social supervision channels, and enhance the transparency and credibility of financial technology companies' ethical governance. Strengthen regulatory coordination, promote information sharing involving enterprises, promote联动协作 between regulatory departments, financial institutions and technology companies, and achieve a virtuous unity of financial security and financial technology innovation.
(The author is the Dean of the School of Finance, Central University of Finance and Economics (中央财经大学))
Return to TopBy: 李善廷
Education, science and technology, and talent are the fundamental and strategic pillars of Chinese-style modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must adhere to the integrated advancement of education development, technological innovation, and talent cultivation to form a virtuous cycle." The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made important deployments for deeply implementing the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education and improving the technological innovation system; the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed "coordinating the construction of a strong country in education, a strong country in science and technology, and a strong country in talent, and enhancing the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system" and "promoting the development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner." Facing the new situation of global technological competition, only by promoting the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent can we accelerate the development of new quality productive forces, shape new drivers of development, and win the initiative in global technological competition. We must take the blueprint drawn by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) and the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee as our guide, maintain strategic focus, adhere to systematic thinking, build a new ecology for the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent, closely connect the education system with the forefront of science and technology, build talent cultivation and innovation chains, efficiently transform scientific and technological achievements in close connection with industrial needs, form a vivid situation in which education nourishes talent, talent drives innovation, and innovation feeds back into education, build a solid foundation for Chinese-style modernization, and inject an inexhaustible driving force for national rejuvenation.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has always placed education, science and technology, and talent undertakings in an extremely important strategic position, adhered to the idea that science and technology are the primary productive force, talent is the primary resource, and innovation is the primary driving force, deeply implemented the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country through talent, and the strategy of innovation-driven development, and deeply promoted the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent. At the same time, in reality, there are still problems such as the disconnection between education supply and industrial demand, the disconnection between scientific and technological research and development and market application, and the deviation between talent evaluation and actual contribution. To solve these problems, we must promote systemic changes, strengthen high-level coordination, improve institutional guarantees, encourage grassroots exploration, and activate endogenous动力, and effectively发挥 the leading role of education, the leading role of science and technology, and the core role of talent, and form a development path of coordinated efforts from top to bottom and integrated advancement.
Strengthen strategic leadership and systematic planning, and break down institutional barriers through high-level coordination. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must coordinate the integrated reform of the education, science and technology, and talent systems and mechanisms, and firmly grasp the strategic initiative in the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation." The key to building a new ecology for the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent lies in strengthening top-level design and strategic guidance. High-level coordination is a prerequisite for breaking down institutional barriers and leading systemic changes. For example, the Beijing (北京市) Municipal Party Committee's integration and establishment of a leading group for education, science and technology, and talent work is an important practice to adapt to this demand. Its deeper significance lies not only in establishing a cross-departmental coordination mechanism, but also in conveying to all innovation entities the determination to break down barriers and firmly integrate. Effective top-level design must achieve the organic connection of education, science and technology, and talent-related plans in terms of strategic goals, policy tools, and resource allocation, which requires comprehensive consideration from the height of the overall national and regional development, unifying goals and tasks, and coordinating policy steps. The "Suggestions" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clearly proposed "improving the new national system," which requires transcending local interests and ensuring that the three major systems work together towards a common innovation goal, fundamentally solving the problem of resource dissipation caused by disconnected planning. To this end, we must further realize the simultaneous formulation, coordinated implementation, and integrated evaluation of education development plans, science and technology development plans, and talent development plans in national-level plans, forming a national pattern of advancement.
Optimize factor allocation and innovation mechanisms to stimulate the system's endogenous动力 through smooth flow. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must promote the deep integration of science and technology and economic and social development, and open up the channel from a strong country in science and technology to a strong country in industry, a strong country in economy, and a strong country." This requires the smooth flow and efficient allocation of innovation factors such as knowledge, technology, talent, and capital. Only by strengthening mechanism innovation can we form a virtuous cycle of free flow and efficient allocation of innovation factors. We must adhere to the guidance of major national strategies and industrial needs, and reshape the education system and scientific research paradigm. The key to China's (中国) brilliant achievements in aerospace, high-speed rail, and other fields lies in the long-term and stable collaborative efforts of industry, academia, and research, and in cultivating a large number of top engineering and technical talents while breaking through key technologies. We must vigorously reform the management of scientific research projects, promote scientific research project establishment to closely connect with industrial needs and talent cultivation goals, strengthen the joint efforts of industry, academia, and research, and simultaneously realize knowledge creation, technological breakthroughs, and talent cultivation in projects. Implement systems such as "revealing the list and taking command" and "horse racing" to build team formation and assessment mechanisms across units and fields. In 2024, the national expenditure on research and experimental development (R&D) reached 3.6 trillion yuan, of which enterprises accounted for approximately 77.7%. China's (中国) scale of science and technology investment has increased, and the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation has been strengthened, but there is still considerable room for improvement in the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements. To systematically improve the efficiency of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, we must promote the construction of carriers such as concept verification platforms, pilot verification platforms, and technology transfer institutions, open up the transformation path from laboratory samples to production line products, and then to market commodities, and rely on the smooth circulation and efficient integration of factors to continuously stimulate the system's endogenous动力 and innovation vitality.
Deepen evaluation reform and value reshaping to establish a contribution-oriented指挥棒. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has repeatedly emphasized "breaking the four onlys" and "establishing new standards," requiring "accelerating the establishment of a talent evaluation system oriented towards innovation value, ability, and contribution." The "Suggestions" of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed: "Take innovation ability, quality, effectiveness, and contribution as the evaluation orientation, and deepen the reform of project review, institutional evaluation, talent evaluation, and income distribution." The evaluation system is the key to determining the effectiveness of the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent. Only by truly reflecting collaboration and value creation in the evaluation指挥棒 can we better guide all types of entities to devote themselves wholeheartedly to the practice of integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent. We must avoid the problems of each doing its own thing and closed-loop circulation through deepening evaluation reform, and establish multi-dimensional evaluation scales that run through education, science and technology, and talent. In the evaluation of universities, the assessment weight of serving major national strategies, solving key core technology problems, and improving the effectiveness of scientific and technological achievement transformation should be greatly increased; in the evaluation of scientific research institutions, the assessment of the effectiveness of supporting industrial development and cultivating innovative talents should be strengthened. We can explore the establishment of long-cycle evaluation, team overall evaluation, and third-party evaluation mechanisms to avoid quantity orientation and short-term behavior. Improve the incentive mechanism, so that collectives and individuals who have achieved outstanding results can receive due recognition and development channels, and establish an evaluation orientation that emphasizes practical results, respects innovation, and is tolerant of failure.
Build platform carriers and integrated ecosystems to create a three-dimensional collaborative innovation network. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must deepen scientific and technological collaborative innovation" and "strengthen collaborative innovation and industrial collaboration." Only by building collaborative innovation platforms and constructing collaborative innovation systems can we improve the quality and efficiency of collaborative innovation. We must establish and improve a coordination mechanism for the integrated advancement of education, science and technology, and talent development, break down organizational boundaries and disciplinary barriers, and promote the cross-integration of factors such as knowledge, technology, talent, and capital. For example, in the process of building an international science and technology innovation center, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) is focusing on the entire chain of "basic research + technology tackling + achievement transformation + technology finance + talent support" to build a closed-loop innovation ecosystem and vigorously promote regional collaborative innovation. We must coordinate the construction of various science and technology innovation platforms, effectively发挥 the role of high-energy science and technology innovation platforms, and promote the decisive breakthrough of key core technology tackling in the entire chain. Strengthen platform opening and sharing and networked links, explore market-oriented operation models, and enhance the ability to connect with industries and serve innovation. Accelerate the construction of new infrastructure, deploy digital infrastructure that serves collaborative innovation, and improve resource allocation and collaborative efficiency through technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence. Vigorously cultivate an innovation culture, promote the spirit of scientists, and create a strong atmosphere of collaborative tackling and open sharing, so as to build a solid cultural foundation for building a new ecology for the integrated development of education, science and technology, and talent.
(The author is a special researcher at the Beijing (北京市) Research Center for Xi Jinping's (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era)
Return to TopBy: 信长星
As the first overarching and comprehensive foundational regulation on ideological and political work in the history of our Party, the promulgation of the "Regulations on Ideological and Political Work of the Communist Party of China" (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations") fully embodies the great importance attached to ideological and political work by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, and provides an important institutional guarantee for ideological and political work in the new era. We must conscientiously grasp the study, publicity, and implementation of the "Regulations," give full play to the guiding role of ideological and political work, better unify thinking, build consensus, strengthen confidence, inspire fighting spirit, and unite our efforts to promote the new practice of Chinese-style modernization in Jiangsu (江苏).
Guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on ideological and political work, we must deeply understand the important significance of the "Regulations."
Ideological and political work is the Party's fine tradition, distinctive characteristic, and prominent political advantage, and it is the lifeline of all work. In various periods of revolution, construction, and reform, our Party has always regarded ideological and political work as an overall and fundamental task. From the very beginning of the Party's establishment, we carried out ideological education and political guidance in factories, rural areas, and schools, to the Gutian Conference establishing the principle of building the Party ideologically and the army politically, the Yan'an Rectification systematically carrying out ideological and political work, to emphasizing "the whole Party must strengthen political and ideological work" after the founding of New China, and then to adhering to "combining ideological and political work with economic means" after the reform and opening up, a series of rich ideological and political work practices have provided a solid guarantee for our Party to complete the central tasks of various historical periods.
In particular, since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), focusing on the overall development of the Party and the country, has delivered a series of important speeches and made a series of important instructions on strengthening and improving ideological and political work, and has creatively put forward a series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new judgments. He emphasized that ideological and political work "can only be strengthened, not weakened, can only move forward, not stagnate, and can only be proactive, not passively respond," and that "ideological and political work should run through all activities carried out"; he emphasized that "ideological and political work is fundamentally about working with people," and that "we must attach great importance to the ideological and political work of the younger generation, improve the ideological and political work system, and constantly innovate the content and form of ideological and political work"; he emphasized that "it should be adapted to circumstances, advanced with the times, and innovated according to the situation," and "promote the deep integration of the traditional advantages of ideological and political work with information technology to enhance the sense of the times and attractiveness"; and so on. General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions have profoundly answered the major directional, fundamental, and overall issues of ideological and political work, enriched and developed our Party's understanding of the laws of ideological and political work, and promoted ideological and political work to show new atmosphere and new achievements.
On the solid foundation of ideological theory and practice, focusing on providing a strong ideological and political guarantee for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has formulated and promulgated the "Regulations," which is of great significance. First, the "Regulations" take the Party Constitution as the fundamental basis and fix the status and role of ideological and political work through the form of Party regulations, filling the gap in the field of ideological and political work with the main Party regulations. This gives ideological and political work a more authoritative and stable institutional guarantee, marking a new stage in the scientific, institutionalized, and standardized development of ideological and political work. Second, the "Regulations" deeply grasp the new situation and new tasks facing ideological and political work, and make institutional arrangements to address shortcomings and strengthen weaknesses at the institutional level. It is an institutional arrangement made to adapt to the needs of the development of the times and address practical problems, providing a fundamental solution for solving the problems of ideological and political work and improving the quality and efficiency of work. Third, the "Regulations" summarize the historical experience of the Party's leadership in ideological and political work, especially the theoretical and practical experience of ideological and political work in the new era, and further clarify "who should do," "what to do," and "how to do" ideological and political work in the new era, providing basic guidelines for ideological and political work in the new era.
Accurately grasp the connotation and practical requirements of the "Regulations" to better guide people, inspire people, unite people, and shape people.
The "Regulations" have a complete system and rich content, and must be studied systematically and comprehensively to accurately grasp the main content, methods, and goals and tasks of ideological and political work in the new era, and constantly improve its pertinence and effectiveness, so that ideological and political work can better transform people like a spring breeze and moisten things silently.
Firmly grasp the primary task. The "Regulations" clarify the main content of ideological and political work from nine aspects, and the primary task is to unswervingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to strengthen the soul. In recent years, Jiangsu (江苏) has improved the implementation of the study system of the theoretical learning center group of the Party Committee (Party Group), the "First Topic" system, etc., built and used the Jiangsu (江苏) Provincial Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era Research Center and other platforms and carriers, deeply implemented the Marxist theory research and construction project, carefully built the Jiangsu (江苏) theoretical publicity co-construction and sharing platform, and coordinated the study of key groups such as leading cadres, ordinary Party members, and young students, and constantly promoted the Party's innovative theory to deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. Adhere to the socialist core values as the guide, continue to promote the normalization and institutionalization of ideal and belief education, widely carry out revolutionary tradition education and patriotism education, and more than 100,000 mass-themed publicity and education activities such as "Always Follow the Party" and "Strengthen the Country and Revitalize Me" are held annually. In 2024, patriotic education bases at the provincial level and above received more than 100 million visitors. Jiangsu (江苏) shoulders the mission and task entrusted by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) to "take the lead and set an example in promoting Chinese-style modernization." In the face of profound and complex changes in the development environment and the increasingly active social thoughts and values, it is even more necessary to use Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to unify thinking, unify will, and unify action. We will conscientiously implement the "Regulations," and on the basis of existing work, combined with changes in the situation and practical development, continue to improve the work system of arming the entire Party and educating the people with the Party's innovative theory, guide the vast number of Party members, cadres, and the masses to more deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments," resolutely achieve the "Two Safeguards," and constantly consolidate the common ideological foundation for the unity and struggle of the people of the province.
Always adhere to focusing on people. Ideological and political work solves problems such as people's thoughts, viewpoints, and attitudes. It is to build in people's minds, which requires high standards and great difficulty. At present, with the development of the economy and society, social groups are constantly developing and changing, and the objects of ideological and political work are also changing accordingly. The "Regulations" actively adapt to these changes and make clear provisions for ideological and political work in enterprises, rural areas, government agencies and institutions, schools, communities, emerging fields, and the Internet, pointing out the direction for relevant fields to carry out ideological and political work. From the perspective of Jiangsu (江苏) practice, in recent years, we have paid attention to the segmentation, objectification, and precision of ideological and political work, and implemented classified policies for different groups and different fields. For example, focusing on the youth group, we have deeply implemented the "Soul Casting Project for Newcomers of the Times" and the New Era Lide Shuren Project, solidly promoted the integrated construction of ideological and political education in primary, secondary, and universities, and carried out the "Marxism Youth Talk" series of activities for nine consecutive years to educate and guide young people to firmly listen to the Party and follow the Party; focusing on emerging field groups, we have solidly promoted the tangible coverage of Party organizations and the effective coverage of Party work, strengthened the care and assistance for new employment groups, and constantly enhanced the sense of belonging and gain of various groups in emerging fields; focusing on grass-roots positions such as grass-roots communities, we have given full play to the political and organizational functions of grass-roots Party organizations in communities, and comprehensively promoted the "building branches into communities" to better approach the masses, unite the masses, and guide the masses, and achieved good results. In the face of new situations and requirements, we will combine solving ideological problems with solving practical problems according to the needs and characteristics of different fields and objects, do more work to win people's hearts, warm people's hearts, and stabilize people's hearts, and strive to achieve where people are, ideological and political work will be done there through personalized value guidance and differentiated response to demands.
Actively innovate methods. Good ideological and political work should be like salt, but you can't just eat salt. The best way is to dissolve the salt into various foods and absorb it naturally. In recent years, Jiangsu (江苏) has adhered to following the laws, grasping the methods, and focusing on enhancing the affinity and appeal of ideological and political work. For example, we pay attention to cultivating people with culture and transforming customs with style, give play to the resource advantages of Jiangsu (江苏) as a major cultural province, organize and carry out the quality improvement project of literary and artistic works, improve the mechanism for high-quality culture to directly reach the grass-roots level, and innovatively implement actions such as the "Jasmine Flower Blooming" literary and artistic direct train. The province and cities jointly organize benefit-the-people performances, public welfare exhibitions, counseling lectures, and mass literary and artistic activities to cultivate common values in a subtle way. For another example, we pay attention to the leading role of advanced models, vigorously select and publicize moral models, good people around us, etc., and widely carry out activities such as learning from Lei Feng (雷锋) volunteer services. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, two national "Models of the Times" and six Jiangsu (江苏) "Models of the Times" emerged, as well as 20 national moral models and nomination awards and 105 Jiangsu (江苏) provincial moral models and nomination awards, as well as many "most beautiful people." The social atmosphere of advocating morality and goodness and learning from the virtuous is becoming more and more intense. The "Regulations" further clarifies the basic methods of ideological and political work from six aspects: theoretical learning and education, creating a public opinion atmosphere, leading mainstream values, cultural immersion and nourishment, model demonstration and inspiration, and caring service guidance. We will adhere to the combination of inheriting fine traditions and improving innovation, actively adapt to the profound changes in social structure, ideological concepts, and communication technology, actively innovate work models and discourse expressions, and constantly improve work effectiveness, so that the power of thought can directly reach people's hearts.
Accelerate the construction of a work pattern in which all parties work together to implement the various provisions of the "Regulations."
Ideological and political work has integrity and systematicness. It requires coordinating the efforts of all parties, improving the work system, promoting the coordination between internal elements of ideological and political work, and the coordination between ideological and political work and other work, and accelerating the formation of a work pattern that is vertical to the end, horizontal to the edge, three-dimensional in level, and comprehensive in coverage.
Strengthen the Party's overall leadership. This is the fundamental guarantee for doing a good job in ideological and political work. We must implement the Party's leadership in the whole process and all aspects of ideological and political work, conscientiously implement the responsibilities of local Party committees, Party committees (Party groups) of departments and units, Party committees' propaganda departments, and grass-roots Party organizations, and tighten and implement the responsibilities of the main leaders, responsible leaders, and other members of the leading group of the Party committee (Party group). Incorporate the development of ideological and political work into the responsibility system of Party building work, into the target management of leading groups and leading cadres, and into the scope of supervision, discipline enforcement, and accountability. Strengthen the supervision and inspection of the implementation of the "Regulations," pay attention to summarizing and promoting advanced experience, and promptly discover and solve problems in the work.
Give play to the advantages of mass organizations. The "Regulations" specially deploys the advantages of trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women's federations, and other mass organizations in ideological and political work, fully reflecting the special role of mass organizations in ideological and political work. We must improve the system and mechanism, create favorable conditions, and provide necessary guarantees to promote mass organizations to run ideological and political work through all work and various activities, rely on organizational networks and grass-roots positions, promptly understand and reflect the ideological status, wishes, and demands of the masses they contact, promote the masses they contact to improve their ideological awareness, moral standards, and civilization literacy, and unite the masses they contact most widely and closely around the Party.
Strengthen work support and guarantee. The "Regulations" proposes to build a high-quality ideological and political work team with firm political stance, proficient business skills, excellent work style, sufficient quantity, and reasonable structure. We must focus on the requirements of the situation and tasks of ideological and political work in the new era, focus on equipping and strengthening the backbone team of ideological and political work, enriching and optimizing the part-time team, and developing and expanding the volunteer service team, grasp the training, management, and use of the ideological and political work team, improve the assessment and evaluation, incentive guarantee, supervision and management mechanism, and education and training system, and cultivate more experts in ideological and political work. Improve supporting policies to support ideological and political work, strengthen the construction of ideological and political education positions, platforms, and carriers, promote the extension and tilt of ideological and political work resources to the grass-roots level, and provide strong guarantees for ideological and political work.
(The author is the Secretary of the Jiangsu (江苏) Provincial Party Committee)
Return to TopEffective from December 1, 2025
Strengthening Supervision of Road Bulk Transport of Key Liquid Foods
The newly revised "Food Safety Law of the People's Republic of China" (中华人民共和国食品安全法) stipulates that road transport operators engaged in the road bulk transport of key liquid foods shall spray special food identification marks in prominent positions on the transport containers, use transport containers in accordance with relevant national regulations and clean them in a timely manner, and strictly prohibit the loading of substances other than food.
"Old National Standard" Electric Bicycles Completely Discontinued
According to the "Announcement of the State Certification and Accreditation Administration on Strictly Managing Mandatory Product Certification of Electric Bicycles" (国家认监委关于严格电动自行车强制性产品认证管理的公告), all "Old National Standard" electric bicycles are completely discontinued. When purchasing electric bicycles, please identify the CCC certification mark and product qualification certificate.
Implementation of the "Supervision and Administration Provisions on Catering Service Chain Enterprises Implementing the Main Responsibility for Food Safety" (餐饮服务连锁企业落实食品安全主体责任监督管理规定)
Solving the problem of some chain brands "only opening stores, not managing stores"
By Lin Lili (林丽鹂), reporter of this newspaper
In recent years, the branding and scaling level of China's catering industry has been continuously improving. However, there have also been problems such as some chain brands "only opening stores, not managing stores" and "only charging fees, not taking responsibility." The "Supervision and Administration Provisions on Catering Service Chain Enterprises Implementing the Main Responsibility for Food Safety" (hereinafter referred to as the "Provisions") will be officially implemented on December 1, aiming to solve problems such as the "lax and soft" food safety management of some chain catering enterprise headquarters over their stores. The "Provisions" require the construction of a food safety risk prevention and control system mechanism, strengthening the inspection and evaluation of food safety conditions, and guiding the headquarters to strengthen food safety standardization management and other system systems.
The relevant person in charge of the Catering Food Safety Supervision and Administration Department of the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局) believes that risk prevention and control is the top priority. The "Provisions" require the enterprise headquarters to formulate a "Food Safety Risk Control List" (食品安全风险管控清单) and establish a three-level working system mechanism of "headquarters dispatch, branch investigation, and store control." Stores implement daily food safety inspections and form a "Daily Food Safety Inspection Record" (每日食品安全检查记录) to be submitted to the branch; the branch forms a "Weekly Food Safety Investigation and Management Report" (每周食品安全排查治理报告) every week and submits it to the enterprise headquarters; the enterprise headquarters summarizes and analyzes the food safety problems found every month, proposes solutions, and arranges key tasks for the next month.
At present, the State Administration for Market Regulation has guided local market supervision departments to conduct a thorough investigation of catering service chain enterprises within their administrative regions, systematically sort out the main body conditions of chain enterprise headquarters and their affiliated branches, central kitchens, stores, etc., clarify the contact person of the enterprise headquarters, determine the corresponding regulatory level, and ensure the implementation of the "Provisions." Liu Peng (刘鹏), a professor of public administration at Renmin University of China (中国人民大学), believes that the "Provisions" consolidate the management responsibilities of the enterprise headquarters, clarify "what to manage" and "how to manage" for the enterprise headquarters, and will have a 事半功倍 (shì bàn gōng bèi - "half the work, twice the effect," achieve twice the results with half the effort) effect.
Implementation of the "Hainan Free Trade Port Tourism Regulations" (海南自由贸易港旅游条例)
Travel agencies shall not organize tourism activities at prices below cost
By Dong Zeyang (董泽扬), reporter of this newspaper
The "Hainan Free Trade Port Tourism Regulations" (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations") reviewed and approved by the 20th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh Hainan Provincial People's Congress (海南省第七届人大常委会) will be implemented on December 1. The "Regulations" consist of 9 chapters and 68 articles, with a special chapter on "Tourism Opening and Internationalization," proposing to gradually relax or cancel restrictions on foreign investment in the tourism industry in terms of access qualifications, investment ratios, and business scope, and encouraging the introduction and cultivation of urgently needed international talents in the tourism field and other measures.
On December 18, the full island closure operation of the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自由贸易港) will be officially launched, opening up broad space for the high-quality development of the tourism industry. Chen Tiejun (陈铁军), Director of the Hainan Provincial Department of Tourism, Culture, Radio, Television and Sports (海南省旅游和文化广电体育厅), said: "The 'Regulations' will transform policy dividends into stable, transparent, and predictable laws and regulations, laying a solid institutional foundation for Hainan to accelerate the construction of an international tourism consumption center."
In the past period, problems such as "unreasonable low-price tours" have affected the healthy development of the tourism market. In this regard, the "Regulations" clearly stipulate that travel agencies shall not solicit, organize, or receive tourism activities at prices below cost; shall not falsely promote shopping venues as tourist attractions, cultural venues, rest places, etc. and include them in the tourism itinerary; and shall not imply or explicitly state that tourists must reach a minimum consumption amount.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Chaozhou (潮州) dispatch on November 30th (Reporter: Li Zong (李纵)) From the 28th to the 30th, the 23rd International Teochew Convention, themed "Common Roots, National Prosperity," was held in Chaozhou (潮州), Guangdong (广东). Nearly 1,800 representatives crossed mountains and seas to gather together, seeking their roots, reminiscing about their hometown, revitalizing their families and country, and planning for the future on their journey home.
This year's conference saw the implementation of several measures, including the official launch of the "Teochew Business Directory," the start of supply chain cooperation for "Teochew Goods Going Overseas, Quality Products Entering Teochew," and the opening of the "World Teochew History and Culture Exhibition Center." The conference released the "A Letter of Proposal to Teochew People at Home and Abroad: All Teochew People are One Family, Sharing the Chinese Dream Together." In addition, to systematically sort out, permanently preserve, and promote local charity culture, this year's conference launched the compilation of "Chronicles of Teochew Charity," comprehensively collecting and organizing related deeds, and synchronously building a special database. Currently, approximately 1 million words of materials have been collected and organized, involving more than 700 charitable figures. During the conference, the organizers also focused on the four major sections of "Teochew Studies, Teochew Business, Teochew Youth, and Teochew Expo" to hold a series of activities.
Return to TopOn the new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country, it is crucial to promote the high-quality development of vocational education. Chongqing May First Vocational Technical College (重庆五一职业技术学院) serves the construction of a strong education country, adheres to and strengthens the Party's comprehensive leadership over the college's work, and based on Chongqing's (重庆) "33618" modern manufacturing cluster system development needs, explores and constructs a new "three-linkage, three-integration, three-connection, three-support" "3333" craftsman talent training mechanism, contributing vocational education wisdom and practical experience to cultivating high-quality craftsman talents that meet the requirements of the new era.
"Three-linkage" enriches the fertile ground for nurturing people. The college adheres to prioritizing morality and cultivating people with culture, taking the spirit of craftsmanship as an essential quality for technical and skilled personnel. By deepening the "five educations" linkage, it organically integrates elements such as professional ethics, craftsmanship, and the spirit of model workers into the entire process of education and teaching, achieving the coordinated improvement of ideals, beliefs, and professional qualities; coordinating the "four scenarios" linkage, embedding immersive teaching in master studios in life, learning, classrooms, and practice, guiding students to develop a focused, rigorous, and meticulous professional character; and promoting school-enterprise linkage, establishing a student craftsmanship feedback mechanism, realizing the cultivation of craftsmanship throughout the entire process of career development.
"Three-integration" connects with the forefront of the industry. Relying on the resources of leading enterprises such as Chongqing Changan (重庆长安), the college constructs a teaching system that synchronizes skills training with the development of new technologies. The curriculum standards are integrated with cutting-edge technologies, updating teaching content in a timely manner to maintain resonance with industry development; curriculum teaching is integrated with practical projects, widely adopting resources such as loose-leaf textbooks and virtual projects to enhance students' ability to solve practical problems; and enterprise projects are integrated with practical links, introducing real tasks into the classroom, forming a closed loop of "job ability - curriculum standards - enterprise projects," achieving seamless connection between talent training and industry needs.
"Three-connection" expands the path to growth. The college builds a "three-connection, dual-line, nine-competition" innovation ability training platform. One line connects with skill competition standards, carrying out six levels of skill competitions: class competition, grade competition, school competition, city competition, national competition, and world competition, creating an atmosphere of "**以赛促学、以赛促练**" (yǐ sài cù xué, yǐ sài cù liàn - "promote learning through competition, promote practice through competition," using competitions to stimulate learning and practice); the other line connects with various innovation and entrepreneurship competitions, connecting three stages: basic skills, professional skills, and comprehensive skills. Through student-led innovative work competitions, self-organized innovative team integrated application competitions, and excellent innovative team enterprise project combat competitions, it achieves full-coverage, full-process progressive innovation ability training.
"Three-support" consolidates the foundation for nurturing people. In terms of practical training platforms, it optimizes and integrates on-campus and off-campus practical training bases and virtual simulation training centers, building 12 industry-education integration practical training bases; in terms of teaching teams, the "Four Teachers Studio" collaborates with teaching and research offices to carry out teaching and teaching reform, promoting the timely integration of new technologies into the curriculum; in terms of evaluation systems, it innovatively constructs a "four-subject, four-checkpoint, four-dimension" comprehensive evaluation mechanism, benchmarking enterprise employment standards, and conducting multi-dimensional assessments from ideological and moral character to technological innovation, ensuring that the quality of talent training meets social expectations.
Through continuous exploration, the college has achieved remarkable results in nurturing people. The college has been approved as the Craftsman College (工匠学院) to be supported by the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (全国总工会) in 2024, the first batch of pilot units for the construction of vocational training institutes in the country, and the national demonstration base for high-skilled talent training. The construction of teaching staff has been continuously strengthened, with 7 national and municipal-level skill master studios built, and 5 people have received special allowances from the State Council (国务院政府特殊津贴). Students have won 228 awards in skill competitions above the provincial and ministerial level, and the trained athletes have won a total of 33 medals in international competitions, including 5 gold, 5 silver, and 4 excellence awards in the WorldSkills Competition, and 6 people have been awarded the title of "National Technical Expert" (全国技术能手). It has cumulatively trained approximately 70,000 craftsman-type talents for Chongqing (重庆), and related experiences have been adopted by the Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (重庆市教委) and other departments, and promoted in more than 100 units in 25 provinces, providing a practical example that can be used for reference for the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle (成渝地区双城经济圈).
The journey is long, and only struggle can lead to success. Looking to the future, Chongqing May First Vocational Technical College (重庆五一职业技术学院) will continue to deepen reform and forge ahead with innovation, cultivating more skilled craftsmen and great craftsmen in the process of serving national strategies and regional development, and contributing a more solid vocational education force to promoting Chinese-style modernization.
Data source: Chongqing May First Vocational Technical College (重庆五一职业技术学院)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李心萍
As of November 28, the China-Europe Railway Express has cumulatively operated over 120,000 trains, shipping goods worth over $490 billion, with the variety of goods expanding to 53 categories and over 50,000 types of commodities. What new changes have occurred in the operation of the China-Europe Railway Express since the beginning of this year? What new progress has been made in the construction of channel networks? A reporter conducted interviews.
Keywords: Full Timetable
The number of China-Europe Railway Express trains operating on a full timetable has increased to over 1,000 trains per year.
The full timetable China-Europe Railway Express refers to China-Europe Railway Express trains that operate according to fixed train numbers, routes, schedules, and fixed domestic and foreign originating stations, ports, and arrival times.
In November of this year, China State Railway Group (国铁集团) released the fourth batch of full timetable China-Europe Railway Express schedules. To date, the operating routes of the full timetable China-Europe Railway Express have increased to 17; 22 trains operate weekly, including 8 return trips; and the number of trains operating has increased to over 1,000 per year.
What are the advantages of the full timetable China-Europe Railway Express?
Faster speed—
Statistics show that compared with ordinary China-Europe Railway Express trains on the same operating route, the operating time of the China-Europe Railway Express trains implementing a full timetable is reduced by an average of more than 30%. Taking the Zhengzhou (郑州)-Hamburg (汉堡) full timetable China-Europe Railway Express train that recently started operating as an example, its originating station is Zhengzhou Putian Station (郑州圃田站) in Henan (河南), and its destination station is Hamburg Billwerder Station (汉堡比尔韦德站) in Germany (德国), with a total transportation time of 11 days and 19 hours.
More stable operation—
With fixed points, fixed routes, fixed times, and fixed train numbers, the full timetable China-Europe Railway Express can provide more convenience for companies' logistics arrangements. Taking the Xi'an (西安)-Budapest (布达佩斯) full timetable China-Europe Railway Express as an example, since November 22, one train has been operating every week, departing from Xi'an International Port Station (西安国际港站) in Shaanxi (陕西) every Saturday at 23:00, arriving in Budapest (布达佩斯), Hungary (匈牙利) in 10 days and 23 hours. "Bus-like operation and real-time price disclosure help 'China's Intelligent Manufacturing' (中国智造) to explore the European market, and also make it easier for high-quality European goods to enter China," said Li Baozhou (李保洲), director of the Xi'an West Station Command Center (西安西站指挥中心主任).
Higher value of goods—
According to statistics, the average value of goods per container on the full timetable China-Europe Railway Express has increased by 41% compared with ordinary China-Europe Railway Express trains. "Since November, we have transported a large number of seasonal new products such as perfumes and skin care gift boxes through the full timetable China-Europe Railway Express, completing the shelving before the New Year's Day (元旦) peak consumption season," said Shao Bo'er (邵博尔), general manager of Xi'an International Land Port Group Multimodal Transport Co., Ltd. (西安国际陆港集团多式联运有限公司总经理).
Keywords: Channel
Mainly operates through 3 channels in western, central, and eastern China; has developed into 3 channels in northern, central, and southern regions outside of China.
As of the end of October this year, the number of cities in China operating China-Europe Railway Express trains has reached 128, reaching 232 cities in 26 European countries and more than 100 cities in 11 Asian countries, with the service range basically covering the entire Eurasian region.
Observing the China-Europe Railway Express channel network, it mainly operates through 3 channels in western, central, and eastern China.
The western channel passes through the Alashankou (阿拉山口) and Khorgos (霍尔果斯) ports. In the first 10 months of this year, the western channel has cumulatively handled 7,749 China-Europe Railway Express trains, accounting for more than 50% of the country's total. With the full opening of the second line of the Jinghe (精河) to Alashankou (阿拉山口) section of the Lanxin Railway (兰新铁路), the standard-gauge receiving capacity of the Alashankou port has increased by 15%, the broad-gauge receiving capacity has increased by 30%, and the average time for receiving and dispatching trains has been reduced by 30 minutes.
The central channel passes through the Erenhot (二连浩特) port. As of November 20, the Erenhot Railway Port (二连浩特铁路口岸) has cumulatively handled more than 21,300 China-Europe Railway Express trains, with the throughput exceeding 3,500 trains this year. This year, the Erenhot Railway Port has successively added operating routes such as "Wuhu (芜湖)-Moscow (莫斯科)," "Liulihe (琉璃河)-Minsk (明斯克)," and "Datong (大同)-Selyatino (谢利亚季诺)," and currently operates 74 China-Europe Railway Express routes.
The eastern channel passes through the Manzhouli (满洲里), Suifenhe (绥芬河), and Tongjiang (同江) ports. As of now, the eastern channel has cumulatively handled 36,727 China-Europe Railway Express trains, with 4,891 trains this year. Among the three ports in the eastern channel, the Tongjiang port is the youngest. "The railway transportation distance from the Tongjiang port to the hinterland of Europe is 809 kilometers shorter than that of the Suifenhe Railway Port," said the relevant person in charge of China Railway Harbin Group (国铁哈尔滨局).
Outside of China, the China-Europe Railway Express has developed into 3 channels in the northern, central, and southern regions.
The northern channel passes through the Erenhot, Manzhouli, Suifenhe, and Tongjiang ports, connecting the broad-gauge railways of Mongolia (蒙古国), Russia (俄罗斯), and Belarus (白俄罗斯), reaching various European countries; the central channel passes through the Alashankou and Khorgos ports, connecting the broad-gauge railway of Kazakhstan (哈萨克斯坦), and converges with the northern channel in Russia; the southern channel passes through the Alashankou, Khorgos, and other ports, connecting the broad-gauge railways of Kazakhstan, the Caspian Sea ferry, Azerbaijan (阿塞拜疆), and Georgia (格鲁吉亚), and reaches various European countries through the Turkish (土耳其) railway or the Black Sea (黑海) sea-rail combined transportation.
Keywords: Value of Goods
From 2013 to 2024, the value of goods transported by the China-Europe Railway Express increased by approximately 33 times.
The China-Europe Railway Express has opened up new channels for inland areas in Asia and Europe, and has also brought new opportunities for economic and trade cooperation along the route. Data shows that from 2013 to 2024, the value of goods transported by the China-Europe Railway Express increased by approximately 33 times, and its proportion in the total Sino-European trade volume increased from 0.4% to 8.5%.
Nankang District (南康区) in Ganzhou (赣州), Jiangxi (江西) consumes nearly 10 million cubic meters of wood annually, 80% of which relies on imports. "In the past, importing wood from Europe took a long time and was costly. Relying on the China-Europe Railway Express, the transportation time has been reduced to 12 days, saving 25 days compared with traditional sea transportation, and the comprehensive logistics cost has also been reduced by 18%," said Ye Zhangnan (叶樟南), business manager of the Ganzhou International Port (赣州国际港) Business Department of Nanchang Railway Logistics Center (南昌铁路物流中心).
Relying on the "port + bonded + cross-border" linkage model of Ganzhou International Land Port, Nankang furniture has signed overseas orders exceeding 5 billion yuan, realizing "buying wood globally and selling furniture globally."
Looking at "China Shopping" (中国购) again, the China-Europe Railway Express is providing new logistics solutions.
Anna (安娜), a tourist from Germany, took a fancy to a Chinese tablecloth during her travels in China. The seller suggested that she place an order online and it could be delivered to her home in Germany in 3 days.
The "acceleration" of cross-border shopping is inseparable from the new global logistics network built by the China-Europe Railway Express and overseas warehouses. "Relying on the large-scale transportation of the China-Europe Railway Express, we deploy a large number of Chinese goods to overseas warehouses in advance, and then carry out localized distribution, which greatly shortens the distribution time," said Song Penghui (宋鹏辉), sales manager of Henan Ouhang International Logistics Co., Ltd. (河南欧航国际物流有限公司), adding that overseas warehouses now cover 25 EU countries.
Inland countries such as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan (乌兹别克斯坦), and Mongolia have used the China-Europe Railway Express to open up sea outlets; relying on the China-Europe Railway Express, the export-oriented economic output value of Chinese cities such as Chongqing (重庆), Xi'an, Zhengzhou, and Wuhan (武汉) has achieved significant growth...
The relevant person in charge of China State Railway Group (国铁集团) stated that in the next step, China is willing to work with countries along the route to jointly develop new transportation routes while building and maintaining existing transportation channels, and accelerate the formation of a diversified transportation channel pattern.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Shenzhen on November 30th (Reporter Lü Shaogang (吕绍刚)) The 2025 Qianhai (前海)·Bao'an (宝安) "Baojing Chuangxiang" Scenario Connection Conference was held on the 30th in Bao'an District (宝安区), Shenzhen (深圳市), Guangdong Province (广东省). At the meeting, the Guangdong Provincial Development and Reform Commission (广东省发展改革委) awarded Bao'an District (宝安区) the title of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Application Scenario Innovation Center (Intelligent Manufacturing) (粤港澳大湾区应用场景创新中心（智能制造）).
The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Application Scenario Innovation Center (Intelligent Manufacturing) (粤港澳大湾区应用场景创新中心（智能制造）) is a provincial-level scenario innovation center approved and established in accordance with the "1+N" scenario innovation center organizational structure of Guangdong Province (广东省). Relying on Bao'an District's (宝安区) manufacturing foundation and application scenario resources, the center will focus on new technologies such as artificial intelligence, industrial internet, big data, and cloud computing to create a number of new field and new track scenarios, high-value small-cut scenarios, and cross-regional and cross-field comprehensive scenarios, and build a bay area intelligent manufacturing technology verification and product first-trial, first-use, and first-choice destination. In addition, the center will also use application scenario innovation as a traction to unblock the "technology-industry-finance" circulation bottlenecks, empower and incubate a number of scenario innovation enterprises with explosive potential, and promote the deep empowerment of intelligent manufacturing and artificial intelligence to industrial development and urban functions.
The scenario connection conference attracted more than 760 enterprises, releasing more than 500 scenario opportunities and scenario capabilities, and more than 60 enterprises signed contracts on the spot. More than 150 enterprises focused on displaying more than 500 new technologies and new products, covering many fields such as intelligent manufacturing, artificial intelligence, low-altitude economy, and full-space unmanned system.
Among the more than 500 scenario opportunities and scenario capabilities opened at the conference, 288 scenarios are government-led, covering public areas such as social governance, people's livelihood services, and industry applications; 220 scenarios are enterprise application scenarios, focusing on industries such as intelligent terminals, ultra-high-definition video display, semiconductors and integrated circuits, intelligent connected vehicles, and low-altitude economy.
Bao'an District (宝安区) has nearly 560,000 enterprises, including nearly 5,600 manufacturing enterprises above designated size, covering all 31 major categories of manufacturing. At the same time, the district also has nearly 400 square kilometers of land area, 175 square kilometers of sea area, and a comprehensive transportation hub with "six-in-one" of aviation, sea transportation, high-speed rail, intercity rail transit, expressway, and subway.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 温素威
On the bank of the Wei River, the morning light shines brightly. In the Xunyi County (旬邑县) Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition Hall in Xianyang City (咸阳市), Shaanxi Province (陕西省), are displayed representative paper-cut works by artist Ku Shulan (库淑兰), as well as a collection of intangible cultural heritage treasures such as clay sculptures and embroidery, attracting many tourists.
"The Xunyi County (旬邑县) Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition Hall was built with the assistance of the Bank of China (中国银行), and received strong support from design to construction," said curator Di Wu Yadong (第五亚东). "This venue has become a bright cultural calling card for Xunyi (旬邑)."
Intangible cultural heritage protection is a microcosm of the Bank of China's (中国银行) efforts to promote the high-quality development of cultural and tourism integration and help Xianyang's (咸阳) "North Four Counties" (北四县) (Changwu County (长武县), Xunyi County (旬邑县), Chunhua County (淳化县), and Yongshou County (永寿县)) achieve comprehensive rural revitalization.
Industrial revitalization is the foundation and key to comprehensive rural revitalization. In Yongshou County (永寿县), financial empowerment has unleashed new vitality in specialized breeding industries. In the "Egg Product No. 1" Science and Technology Industrial Park in Luojia Village (罗家村), Mafang Town (马坊镇), laying hens live in intelligent chicken coops with constant temperature, automatic feeding, and intelligent manure removal. Currently, more than 1.6 million laying hens are raised here, producing 1.52 million eggs per day. The rapid development of the project is inseparable from the precise support of the Bank of China's (中国银行) 400 million yuan fixed asset loan.
In the Xunyi (旬邑) Traditional Chinese Medicine Industrial Park, the rich aroma of medicinal herbs permeates the entire production workshop. Shaanxi Haitian Pharmaceutical (陕西海天制药) relies on the "government + enterprise + base + farmer" model to drive surrounding farmers to plant more than 1,200 mu of Chinese medicinal herbs, with an output value exceeding 1.5 billion yuan in 2024. The Bank of China (中国银行) invested 9.5 million yuan to support the construction of standardized factory buildings in the park, helping the development of industrial clusters.
In order to accurately allocate financial resources and better help comprehensive rural revitalization, the Bank of China (中国银行), based on the establishment of 4 village banks during the poverty alleviation period, added a Changwu County (长武县) branch at the end of 2023, connecting the "last mile" of convenient financial services in the county. Each institution closely focuses on local development needs, supports local key project construction, inclusive finance, and the development of people's livelihood consumption fields, and achieves a multiplier effect of "linking farmers, benefiting farmers, and enriching farmers" by building a sustainable industrial ecosystem. The Bank of China (中国银行) also actively promotes investment through "going out" and "bringing in." Since 2024, staff members have traveled to more than 10 cities to connect with more than 300 enterprises, organized more than 50 enterprises to visit the assisted counties for inspection, and attracted more than 400 million yuan in investment.
In Shiqiao Town (石桥镇), Chunhua County (淳化县), in just a few years, Dahuaishu Village (大槐树村) has developed into the county's leading village in terms of income. "The Bank of China (中国银行) began to assist Dahuaishu Village (大槐树村) in 2018, starting with the construction of the Party organization position, and later gradually extending to the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries," said Zhang Jinming (张津铭), the first secretary stationed in Dahuaishu Village (大槐树村). The village has built an e-commerce center and processing enterprises, forming four major product systems: fresh fruits, coarse grains, dried fruits, and mountain goods. From 2019 to date, the village's e-commerce has accumulated sales of 58 million yuan, driving 10,000 person-times of employment.
The Bank of China (中国银行) also helped the "Xianyang Malan Red" (咸阳马栏红) apple brand to appear on large-scale exhibition stages such as the China International Consumer Products Expo and the China International Import Expo. At the same time, it also joined hands with overseas branches to send Xianyang's (咸阳) apples, buckwheat, cloth art and other rural good products to international shelves. With the support of the Bank of China (中国银行), the characteristic industries of Xianyang's (咸阳) "North Four Counties" (北四县) are constantly upgrading, and the pace of comprehensive rural revitalization is becoming more solid.
Return to TopThis reporter learned from Shijiazhuang Customs (石家庄海关) that in the first 10 months of this year, the comprehensive bonded zones in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) region achieved a total import and export value of 397.61 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.7%. Among these, exports reached 89.51 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 20.3%, and imports amounted to 308.1 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 4.5%. Specifically, the Xiong'an Comprehensive Bonded Zone (雄安综保区) recorded an import and export value of 39.62 billion yuan.
The customs authorities of Beijing (北京), Tianjin (天津), and Hebei (河北) will support the efficient operation of the Xiong'an Comprehensive Bonded Zone (Phase I), enabling "Xiong'an inspection and release, direct loading at the port" for export goods, and "direct pickup at the ship's side, Xiong'an inspection and release" for import goods. In consolidating the construction of cross-border logistics channels, the land port supervision and operation sites in Xiong'an New Area (雄安新区) are efficiently linked with hubs such as Tianjin Port (天津港) and Daxing Airport (大兴机场), creating a new platform for the "Xiong'an International Port (雄安国际港)".
Return to TopQinglong Manchu Autonomous County (青龙满族自治县) in Hebei Province has long enjoyed the reputation of being the "Hometown of Jingdong Chestnuts." In recent years, Qinglong has adhered to the principle of "revitalizing the industry with chestnuts and enriching the people with the chain," reorganizing industrial genes according to the idea of "technology in planting, depth in production, branding in sales, and experience in tourism," deepening the "chestnut+" model, and promoting this "golden fruit" with more than 2,000 years of planting history from a traditional crop to a pillar industry with an annual output value of over 1.6 billion yuan. In 2025, Qinglong Chestnuts won the title of National Famous, Special, Excellent, and New Agricultural Product, and the "Satisfied Qinglong (满意青龙)" regional public brand topped the list of the 2023 "Xiong'an Release·China Agricultural Product Regional Public Brand" new forces list. The Qinglong practice of revitalizing the entire chestnut industry chain is exploring new paths for promoting common prosperity in northern mountainous areas.
Technological Empowerment: From "Relying on Heaven" to "Smart Chain"
In the autumn, the million acres of chestnut forests in the eastern foothills of the Yanshan Mountains (燕山) in Qinglong are layered like waves. Aiming at the pain points of traditional planting being scattered and technology being backward, Qinglong, in conjunction with Hebei University of Science and Technology Normal College (河北科技师范学院) and the Changli Fruit Tree Research Institute of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences (河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所), has built 30 new variety test gardens and 4 superior new variety scion orchards, and selected high-quality varieties, increasing the county's chestnut improved variety rate to over 80%. Qinglong has established forestry work stations in 24 townships, promoting organic planting technology all year round, and has carried out more than 1,000 "online + offline" trainings, covering more than 100,000 chestnut farmers.
Qinhuangdao Baifeng Food Co., Ltd. (秦皇岛百峰食品有限公司), located in Xiaoyingzi Town (肖营子镇), was formerly a trader that simply purchased and sold raw chestnut products. Now, by overcoming the "-38℃ rapid freezing and freshness locking" technology, the company's frozen chestnut products have broken through with an 18-month shelf life advantage. This not only breaks the seasonal restrictions on chestnut operations, but also allows deep-processed products such as frozen chestnuts and peeled sweet chestnuts to be exported to Japan and South Korea, with annual exports exceeding 5 million US dollars. Qinhuangdao Zaiqi Ecological Food Co., Ltd. (秦皇岛在旗生态食品有限公司), which mainly produces healthy coarse grain staple foods, has innovatively developed a series of chestnut diced coarse grain staple foods, which won the gold medal at the American Panama Pacific International Exposition. At present, Qinglong has developed more than 100 products such as chestnut noodles, chestnut wine, and Longli tea, increasing the added value of a chestnut by more than 5 times.
Brand Breakthrough: From "Deep Mountain Fruit" to "International Brand"
At the 2024 China·Qinglong Chestnut and Qinglong Agricultural Products Wuhan Promotion Conference, Qinhuangdao Hongchun Technology Co., Ltd. (秦皇岛鸿醇科技有限公司) launched a cross-border new product, chili oil chestnut puree ice cream, which attracted the attention of the audience. The Longli tea, which debuted at the same time, uses chestnut shells as an ingredient, transforming the slightly astringent taste into a unique sweet aftertaste, attracting young consumers to stop and taste.
Qinglong's branding development began with systematic planning. In 2021, Qinglong launched the "Three-Level Secretary Grasping E-commerce" project, building a system of "1 county-level logistics center + 24 township distribution stations + 396 village-level service points" to open up the "last mile" for agricultural products to leave the mountains. With the landing of Tmall flagship stores and "Hema Village," Duyuanhu E-commerce Logistics Industrial Park (都源湖电商物流产业园) processes more than 10,000 tons of agricultural products annually. More than 4,000 rural online merchants in the county have driven employment for 15,000 people. As of the end of August 2025, e-commerce sales exceeded 2 billion yuan.
The brand matrix demonstrates Qinglong's development confidence. The "Qinglong Chestnut (青龙板栗)" geographical indication certification trademark was approved by the State Intellectual Property Office (国家知识产权局) in 2025, becoming the "Oriental Pearl"; the "Satisfied Qinglong (满意青龙)" regional brand leads characteristic single products such as chestnuts and apples, forming a "1+N+N" brand ecosystem. With the support of the think tank of the Ministry of Education, more than 200 experts have promoted the research and development of healthy new products such as low-GI chestnut flour, giving traditional crops a "youthful" label. Today, Qinglong has 691 agricultural trademarks, and its products are sold to more than 30 countries and regions.
New Business Forms: From "One Season Harvest" to "Four Seasons Tourism"
"Chestnut + Culture and Tourism" turns mountainous areas into scenic spots. Huachangyu Village (花厂峪村) in Zushan Town (祖山镇) is an old revolutionary area. Today, more than 20 farmhouses offer special dishes such as braised pork with chestnuts and chestnut chicken, receiving more than 100,000 tourists annually and increasing the annual per capita income of villagers by 1,000 yuan; "Qiushan Du·Li (秋山度·栗)" chestnut garden in Xiaoyingzi Town (肖营子镇) offers chestnut tree horseback riding tours, chestnut flower rope weaving, and chestnut food making experience projects; the "Beautiful 'Chestnut' Qinglong·Zongqing Dragon Boat Festival" event connects homestays and markets... These are all vivid portrayals of Qinglong's promotion of "three-industry integration."
Qinglong uses "chestnut+" as a link to activate new momentum for the development of all-area tourism. Relying on ancient chestnut trees that are more than a century old, it carries out ancient tree adoption and protection, publishes "Listening to the Fragrance of Chestnut Flowers Again (又听栗花香)," recording folk customs such as "taking chestnut as a surname, chestnut as a custom, chestnut as poetry, chestnut as medicine, and chestnut as painting," as well as the story of chestnuts driving the people of Qinglong to become rich, making chestnut culture tangible and perceptible; cleverly using the excellent ecology of the Yanshan Mountains (燕山), it develops health products such as chestnut health porridge and chestnut medicinal diets, plans chestnut-themed hiking routes, and attracts tourists from Beijing and Tianjin to come and "taste chestnuts and enjoy health"; breaking the "autumn limited" perception, it launches "million acres of chestnut flower sea" viewing in spring, frozen chestnut dessert experience in summer, and chestnut hot pot set meals in winter, realizing the transformation from "one season hot" to "four seasons fire."
From a poor county with "**八山一水一分田**" (bā shān yī shuǐ yī fēn tián - "eight mountains, one water, one field," describing a place with very little arable land) to a demonstration county with all-season and all-chain revitalization, Qinglong's transformation stems from the integrated development of "characteristic industry + whole chain thinking" - using technology to solve production bottlenecks and rejuvenate millennium chestnuts; opening up market space with brands and allowing deep mountain specialties to go to the world; expanding value dimensions with integration and transforming a single industry into an all-area ecology. Today, when the warm autumn sun shines on the Yanshan Mountains (燕山), the sound of harvest among the million acres of chestnut forests is not only Qinglong's "sound of prosperity," but also a strong voice for northern mountainous areas to achieve revitalization by relying on characteristic industries.
Data source: Publicity Department of the CPC Qinglong Manchu Autonomous County Committee (中共青龙满族自治县委员会宣传部)
Return to TopPolyester, as an important commodity in China, provides 70% of the raw materials for domestic textiles and is widely used in packaging and other fields. It has the characteristics of a long industrial chain and wide relevance, and is closely related to people's lives. Since the launch of the world's first polyester futures product, PTA (Purified Terephthalic Acid) futures, on the Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange (ZCE) (郑州商品交易所) in 2006, the ZCE has continued to cultivate the polyester industry chain and has built a risk management system covering the entire chain and multiple tools. Today, the polyester futures sector has not only become an important tool for domestic enterprises to stabilize their operations, but has also gradually promoted the "China Price" to the world, becoming a vivid example of how China's futures market serves the real economy and enhances its international pricing influence.
Based on industry needs, weaving a dense risk management network for the entire chain. As intermediate products, polyester industry chain products are susceptible to fluctuations in upstream crude oil prices and changes in downstream textile and packaging demand, which in turn trigger price fluctuations throughout the chain. Without effective risk management tools, companies are vulnerable to the double squeeze of "high-priced raw materials and low-priced products."
The ZCE focuses on industry pain points and is committed to building a polyester futures sector to provide the industry with effective risk management tools. On December 18, 2006, the world's first polyester futures product, PTA futures, was launched on the ZCE, opening the chapter of China's chemical futures. This is not only the listing of a single product, but also the beginning of a systematic project. The ZCE takes PTA as a strategic fulcrum and continues to extend to the upstream and downstream of the polyester industry chain, from scratch, from existence to excellence, step by step weaving an increasingly dense risk management "protective net."
In 2019, the ZCE launched PTA options to provide companies with more refined and diversified risk management tools.
In 2020, the ZCE listed short fiber futures, extending the scope of risk management to textile raw materials downstream of the polyester industry chain.
In 2023, the ZCE listed PX (Paraxylene) futures and options, and short fiber options, making up for the shortcomings in risk management of the main raw materials upstream of the polyester industry chain.
In 2024, the ZCE launched PET bottle chip futures and options, extending the scope of risk management to the non-fiber polyester field downstream of the polyester industry chain.
At present, the ZCE has built a complete tool system covering four major products: PTA, short fiber, PX, and PET bottle chips, helping companies achieve a closed loop of risk management from raw materials to products, and improving their ability and strategic dimension to cope with complex market changes.
Effective function, promoting high-quality development of the polyester industry.
The ZCE has effectively played the three major functions of polyester futures: price discovery, risk management, and resource allocation, which has significantly changed the trade habits of the polyester industry, increased the resilience of the industrial chain and supply chain, and provided important support for the high-quality development of China's polyester industry.
Polyester futures have changed the original price mechanism of the industry and become a benchmark for spot pricing. Since 2010, the supply and demand of PTA has eased, and the pricing method has become more diversified. With the strong promotion of national policies, China's PTA production capacity has grown rapidly, and the import dependence has been significantly reduced. As the release of production capacity is faster than the growth of demand, downstream enterprises have increased spot purchases. At the same time, the ZCE has continued to deepen the cultivation of the PTA futures market, and some enterprises have begun to use futures prices to manage risks. Since 2014, with the expansion of PTA production capacity, futures prices have become an important reference. The effective function of PTA futures has promoted the popularization of basis trading. According to statistics, nearly 100% of PTA spot trade is priced according to the "futures price + premium/discount" method; the price of long-term contracts is determined by the "monthly average price + discount" method, and the monthly average price is the arithmetic average of the daily spot prices in the current month, and the daily spot price is also basically determined according to the "futures price + premium/discount" method. Therefore, the futures price has become an important reference for spot pricing.
Polyester futures have become a "stabilizer" for enterprise operation. The price of polyester products is easily affected by international geopolitics, the cycle of new production capacity release, changes in downstream demand and other factors. Whether or not risks can be effectively managed is a key factor in determining whether enterprises can survive in the fierce market competition. The polyester futures sector can help Chinese enterprises actively build a risk "firewall" and achieve stable operation through cycles. Industrial enterprises represented by Yisheng Petrochemical (逸盛石化), Hengli Petrochemical (恒力石化), and Xinfengming (新凤鸣) fully use the polyester futures market to pre-research and pre-judge, organize production and operation, optimize inventory management, avoid price risks, and achieve stable operation. For example, PTA factories can simultaneously buy PX futures and sell PTA futures in the futures market to lock in future processing fees. No matter how the prices of raw materials and products fluctuate, they can maintain the expected production profits, thereby helping enterprises to focus more on production and operation optimization.
At present, China's polyester industry has built a good ecosystem of "futures price + premium/discount" as the pricing benchmark, the widespread application of spot-futures combination mode, and the coordinated progress of industry and finance through the deep application of futures tools. Polyester futures not only improve the transparency of spot prices and the efficiency of resource allocation, but also effectively help enterprises to operate steadily through diversified risk hedging tools, and significantly enhance the international competitiveness of China's polyester industry.
Deepen opening up and enhance the international price influence of China's important commodities.
In order to help enhance the price influence of futures products in the polyester industry chain and promote the formation of a "China Price" that reflects China's supply and demand and is recognized by the world, the ZCE is steadily promoting the internationalization of polyester sector products.
Increase open varieties. In 2018, PTA futures were approved as the first batch of designated futures products to introduce overseas traders; since 2022, the ZCE has successively allowed Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (QFII) and RMB Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors (RQFII) to participate in PTA, short fiber, PX, and PET bottle chip futures and options contract trading.
Continue to hold market cultivation activities. Since 2018, the ZCE has held five China (Zhengzhou) International Futures Forum Industrial Products (Polyester) Sub-forums, using high-level exchange platforms to promote PTA futures and other polyester industry chain futures products. Cooperate with futures companies to hold online training to introduce PTA's opening-up business rules to overseas customers; visit Singapore, Italy and other countries to investigate local industrial enterprises to understand their participation and opinions and suggestions.
Actively obtain overseas licenses and carry out international exchanges and cooperation. The ZCE obtained the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission's Automated Trading Services Provider License in 2019 and became a Singapore Recognized Market Operator in 2020; it officially joined the International Futures Industry Association in 2019, actively opening up communication and dialogue channels with countries co-building the "Belt and Road," and exploring the possibility of carrying out business cooperation. Signed cooperation memorandums of understanding with a number of overseas futures exchanges such as the Chicago Mercantile Exchange in the United States, the Multi Commodity Exchange of India, the Deutsche Börse, and the Singapore Exchange.
Since the opening up of PTA futures, with the active development of overseas markets by domestic polyester enterprises, PTA futures prices have not only affected the international trade pricing of PTA spot, but have also been deeply applied by industrial enterprises in the international trade of upstream and downstream products such as PX, PET bottle chips and short fibers, becoming the "stabilizing star" of international trade in polyester products. For example, when Hengyi Petrochemical (恒逸石化) signed an annual PTA purchase and sale agreement with an overseas customer, it agreed to use the PTA futures price as the pricing benchmark, shortening the negotiation cycle to within 1 day, greatly improving the efficiency of negotiation and transaction, and stabilizing the supply chain cooperation relationship between the two parties. This move is a successful practice of deeply embedding financial instruments into physical trade, and also demonstrates the influence of China's futures prices in international trade.
At present, the risk management tool system of the polyester industry chain continuously built by the ZCE has basically taken shape, and the polyester sector has become a "star sector" in China's futures market with complete industry chain products, large market scale, good function, and high industry recognition. Next, the ZCE will focus on refining existing products, expanding opening up, doing a solid job in industrial services, and strengthening supervision to prevent risks, and continue to adhere to serving the construction of a manufacturing power and contribute futures power to accelerating the advancement of new industrialization.
Data source: Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange (郑州商品交易所)
Return to TopBy: 健康时报记者 王艾冰 石梦竹
On November 28th, the "2025 Salute to Doctors Ceremony," co-sponsored by the Global Times (环球时报), Health Times (健康时报), and Life Times (生命时报), was held at the People's Daily (人民日报社). 287 outstanding medical professionals and 11 gold-medal medical teams were selected for the 2025 "Honored Doctors" ("荣耀医者") and "National Renowned Doctors" ("国之名医") honor lists. The aim is to promote the noble professional spirit of "respecting life, rescuing the dying, being willing to dedicate, and boundless love," and to create a good atmosphere in the whole society of understanding, trusting, and respecting doctors.
"Honor Belongs to Every Medical Worker"
At the beginning of the grand ceremony, glory gathered. Three "Honored Doctors - Respect for Life" ("荣耀医者·生命之尊") and two "National Renowned Doctors - Special Tribute" ("国之名医·特别致敬") awardees took the stage first.
In order to attend the grand ceremony in the best condition, Wang Naiqian (王迺谦), a "National Renowned Doctor - Special Tribute" awardee and 95-year-old director of the Institute of Stomatology at Harbin Medical University (哈尔滨医科大学), began exercising a month in advance. In the 1960s, he treated a farmer who was attacked by a black bear while collecting firewood in the mountains. The patient had severe injuries to half of his face. At that time, lacking sophisticated microsurgical instruments, he re-stitched the patient's face with his superb skills and extraordinary courage. From then on, Wang Naiqian (王迺谦) deeply rooted himself in this black soil, and at the age of 90, he was still insisting on seeing patients.
Yang Wenying (杨文英), a "National Renowned Doctor - Special Tribute" awardee and nearly 80-year-old former director of the Center for Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases at China-Japan Friendship Hospital (中日友好医院), said firmly: "Honor belongs to every medical worker, and even more to the patients who dare to entrust their lives to us."
"I will continue to contribute my remaining energy to protect the health of the people," said Li Qian'gou (李乾构), an 88-year-old chief physician at Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (首都医科大学附属北京中医医院) affiliated with Capital Medical University (首都医科大学), and a "Honored Doctor - Respect for Life" awardee.
"Doctors' benevolence remains unchanged, and their original aspiration to help the world is as firm as a rock; they devote their lives to the medical cause and protect life with benevolence." This award speech echoed for a long time at the grand ceremony, and young doctors in the audience kept waving to pay tribute to the predecessors who were sticking to the cause of people's health.
"Inspire More Medical Workers to Adhere to Their Original Aspiration to Practice Medicine"
Outside the award ceremony, honor boards displayed the names of the awarded doctors and teams. Many people stopped to exchange ideas, share medical treatment experiences, and look forward to the application of new technologies.
Lu Jie (卢洁), the representative of the "Honored Doctors - Gold Medal Team" ("荣耀医者·金牌团队") awardee and director of the Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine at Xuanwu Hospital (宣武医院) of Capital Medical University (首都医科大学), found her team's honor board and shared this moment with members who were not present. "Technological advancements enable radiologists to play a key role in diagnosis and treatment. When receiving the award, the days and nights of working with the team to overcome numerous technical difficulties flashed through my mind like a movie. For the sake of the patients, all our efforts are worth it," said Lu Jie (卢洁).
Hao Wei (郝伟), a "National Renowned Doctor - Outstanding Achievement" ("国之名医·卓越建树") awardee and chief physician of the Institute of Mental Health at the Second Xiangya Hospital (湘雅二院) of Central South University (中南大学), specially brought his wife to witness this important moment. Watching Hao Wei (郝伟) raise the trophy high on the stage, his wife said: "He is often busy with scientific research projects until late at night. What I can do is to share more of his burdens in life, so that he can do more for the patients."
Clinical strength has always been an important yardstick for the selection of "Honored Doctors" and "National Renowned Doctors." From the "Golden Lancet Award" ("金柳叶刀奖"), "Chinese Medicine Contribution Award" ("中华医药贡献奖"), and "Gold Medal Team Award" ("金牌团队奖") in the "Honored Doctors" list, to the "Outstanding Achievement" ("卓越建树"), "Excellent Style" ("优秀风范"), and "Youth New Talent" ("青年新锐") in the "National Renowned Doctors" list, all demonstrate the appreciation for doctors' scientific research innovation ability and superb technical level.
"The responsibility of doctors lies in respecting life; the honor of doctors is seen in benevolence and skillful techniques." Wang Jian'an (王建安), the rotating chairman of the 2025 Salute to Doctors selection and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), is a practitioner who protects life through technological innovation. He once led a team to study abroad and introduced transcatheter heart valve therapy technology, benefiting countless patients.
Wang Jian'an (王建安) said in his speech: "As a doctor who has been deeply involved in the field of cardiovascular disease for decades, I deeply know that behind every precise diagnosis and treatment is the accumulation of professional knowledge over time; the establishment of every doctor-patient trust is the heartfelt humanistic care. We expect this 'honor' to inspire more medical workers to adhere to their original aspiration to practice medicine and devote themselves to the great cause of protecting people's health with greater enthusiasm."
"Make Respecting Doctors and Valuing Health Everyone's Action"
Before the opening of the grand ceremony, in the live broadcast room of "Dialogue with Selected Candidates - Sharing the Moment of Glory," more than 20 award-winning representatives faced the camera and told about the unforgettable moments in their professional careers.
"I am from the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (国家心血管病中心), and my specialty is aortic surgery. My daily work is to treat patients suffering from various aortic diseases. A considerable number of patients have a very sudden onset and extremely dangerous conditions. Every time we snatch patients' lives back from the god of death, I feel extremely happy," said Sun Xiaogang (孙晓刚), a "National Renowned Doctor - Outstanding Achievement" awardee, deputy director of the Surgical Management Committee of Fuwai Hospital (阜外医院) of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (中国医学科学院), and director of the Third Ward of the Vascular Center.
"I'm leaving first, there's still an operation." Lin Jianhao (林剑浩), a "Honored Doctor - Golden Lancet" awardee and chief physician of the Department of Orthopedics and Joint Surgery at Peking University People's Hospital (北京大学人民医院), left in a hurry before the end of the grand ceremony in order to return to the operating room as soon as possible.
"Every award winner today has countless stories of racing against life engraved behind them. As a doctor who has been practicing medicine for more than 60 years, I know better than anyone what kind of responsibility and weight is hidden behind this 'white coat as armor' profession," said Zhang Boli (张伯礼), the rotating chairman of the 2025 Salute to Doctors selection, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (中国工程院), and a master of traditional Chinese medicine.
As the rotating chairman of the 2026 Salute to Doctors selection, Zhan Qimin (詹启敏), an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (中国工程院) and president of Peking University International Cancer Institute (北京大学国际癌症研究院), said: "Medicine is a science, which requires the support of cutting-edge technology and cannot be separated from the nourishment of dedication. Behind every precise diagnosis and treatment are countless days and nights of research, and behind every successful rescue is the doctor's awe and responsibility for life. We must let the figures who stick to the front line be remembered, and let respecting doctors and valuing health become everyone's action."
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 付 文
What can you do within a 15-minute walk from your home?
Buying groceries, taking kids to school, seeking medical treatment, exercising, walking the dog... In Lianxing Community (莲兴社区), Jialian Subdistrict (嘉莲街道), Siming District (思明区), Xiamen City (厦门市), Fujian Province (福建省), resident Feng Lin's (冯琳) daily needs can all be met within a 15-minute walk.
Feng Lin (冯琳), 61 years old this year, has lived in the community for 13 years. "The surrounding facilities are becoming more and more complete. There are not only farmers' markets and supermarkets, but also various snack shops. You can buy whatever you want to eat," said Feng Lin (冯琳).
"Lianxing Community (莲兴社区) has 26 residential complexes and more than 22,000 residents, making governance more difficult," said Du Yingying (杜莹莹), Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of Lianxing Community (莲兴社区党委副书记).
In 2021, Xiamen (厦门) was selected as one of the first pilot cities for the national 15-minute convenient living circle. In recent years, Xiamen (厦门) has actively promoted the construction of the 15-minute convenient living circle by integrating community service resources, equipping community service facilities, enriching community service formats, and enhancing community service capabilities.
"In the past, the elderly often complained that there were no places to do activities," said Du Yingying (杜莹莹). The community actively revitalized idle spaces in the area to create fully functional gyms and activity rooms, giving residents a good place to exercise.
Every morning, many residents follow Feng Lin (冯琳) to practice soft ball in the gym. "I am the head coach of the community soft ball team. The team has more than 20 people, the oldest is 70 years old, and the youngest is over 50 years old," said Feng Lin (冯琳). With the gym, there is no need to worry about sun and rain during training.
In addition to meeting the daily needs of residents, Lianxing Community (莲兴社区) also focuses on solving the life problems of elderly people who live alone, are severely disabled, or are unable to care for themselves. Xiao Shengyan (肖生燕) is an assistant for the elderly in Lianxing Community (莲兴社区). She and her colleague Wu Dandan (吴丹丹) are responsible for visiting elderly people over 80 years old in the community. "We serve a total of 1,785 people, including the elderly, the disabled, low-income households, and families who have lost their only child," said Xiao Shengyan (肖生燕). In addition to visiting and publicizing policies, they also help the elderly with haircuts, grocery shopping, and medicine purchases.
Lianxing Community (莲兴社区) actively coordinates resources to provide more refined services for elderly people who are disabled or semi-disabled. Wang Jianzhong (王建忠) (pseudonym), a 65-year-old disabled man, has lived alone for many years and has difficulty living. A caring enterprise in the community provides him with meal assistance services, and Jialian Subdistrict (嘉莲街道) also hires a third-party organization to provide him with door-to-door housekeeping services in the form of purchasing services. "I come four times a month, two to three hours each time," said housekeeper Zhang Lanyu (张兰玉).
In response to governance pain points and difficulties, Lianxing Community (莲兴社区) innovates management mechanisms and incorporates "small repairs and patches" services such as mobile shoemakers into the standardized system. The urban management department and property companies jointly regulate the order around the community, which not only solves the problem of street vendors occupying roads, but also preserves the atmosphere of daily life. "The community has designated a fixed stall for me, which makes it easy for customers to find me, and my business is better," said stall owner Li Mantao (李满桃).
As of now, Xiamen (厦门) has 61 pilot communities for the 15-minute convenient living circle, including 21,200 commercial outlets, driving employment for 105,000 people and serving more than 980,000 community residents.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 韩 鑫
In Nanchang (南昌), Jiangxi (江西), the "Blue and White Porcelain" bus is printed with Jiangxi (江西) cultural elements such as the Pavilion of Prince Teng (滕王阁); in Xishuangbanna (西双版纳), Yunnan (云南), the "Rainforest" bus with elements such as tropical rainforests connects multiple scenic spots along the route; in Qiandao Lake (千岛湖), Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江), the "Thousand Islands" bus travels back and forth from Qiandao Lake (千岛湖) High-speed Railway Station to dozens of surrounding hotels...
Didi Station Bus combines urban characteristics to launch a number of "Easter egg" buses, becoming a beautiful urban landscape.
"As a new business form, Didi Station Bus is a road passenger transport digital operation platform jointly built by Didi and many large, medium and small passenger transport companies in China," said Lu Haochen (陆昊辰), general manager of Didi Chuxing (滴滴出行) Intercity Business Department. Under this model, Didi's digital technology advantages and passenger transport companies' offline service capabilities complement each other and empower each other in both directions.
Passenger transport stations are moved to the "doorstep", making it more convenient for citizens to travel.
"I buy tickets online in advance, take the bus near the community, and get on the bus downstairs, which is very convenient." Mr. Wang (王先生), who lives in Kunming (昆明), Yunnan (云南), works in Wenshan (文山), Yunnan (云南), and travels back and forth between the two places every weekend, "The one-way distance is more than 300 kilometers, and the fare is 59 yuan, which is very affordable."
By launching functions such as "online ticket purchase, online selection of points, nearby ride, and dynamic visibility," Didi Station Bus has upgraded the traditional "people to station" transportation model to "multi-point connection," covering high-frequency travel areas such as communities and business districts.
With the expansion of the service network, the service model of Didi Station Bus continues to deepen - in Guangxi (广西), the "University Direct Bus" from Nanning (南宁) to Fusui County (扶绥县) in Chongzuo (崇左) connects multiple universities, making it convenient for students to travel back and forth; in Zhejiang (浙江), the "Health and Wellness Special Line" connecting Taizhou (台州) and Hangzhou (杭州) Class A hospitals allows medical groups to avoid the trouble of transfer; in Beijing (北京), the "Beijing South Railway Station Special Line" realizes dynamic capacity allocation to ensure the rapid evacuation of passengers during peak hours... The "capillary" station layout makes intercity travel more convenient.
Passenger transport companies are accelerating their transformation and upgrading through digitalization.
Affected by multiple factors such as changes in public travel habits, in recent years, the passenger flow of many traditional automobile passenger transport companies in various places has declined, and transformation and development are imperative.
"As a road passenger transport digital operation platform, Didi Station Bus can provide cooperative passenger transport companies with online traffic and a complete set of line operation solutions," said Lu Haochen (陆昊辰). Through deepening cooperation, passenger transport companies can more accurately grasp market demand, optimize capacity allocation, and improve operational efficiency.
Taking Guangdong Yueyun Transportation (广东粤运交通) as an example, since the pilot cooperation with Didi (滴滴) in 2023, station buses have been launched in 18 cities in Guangdong (广东), and the passenger flow and vehicle load rate of pilot lines have been greatly improved.
"Station Bus injects vitality into the transformation and upgrading of traditional passenger transport companies," said Wang Qinghong (王清红), deputy general manager of Yunnan Transportation and Transportation Co., Ltd. (云南交通运输有限责任公司). Relying on Didi's (滴滴) Internet platform to accurately match passenger flow demand and improve vehicle load rate, it has effectively improved the passenger riding experience, and the company's transformation and development has achieved phased results.
As of now, Didi (滴滴) has established cooperative relationships with more than 200 automobile passenger transport companies in China, and has opened Didi Station Bus business in more than 110 cities in more than 20 provinces. "We look forward to cooperating with more road passenger transport companies in the future to help road passenger transport companies accelerate their transformation and development, and bring users a more convenient and safe intercity travel experience," said Lu Haochen (陆昊辰).
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By: 本报记者 洪秋婷 李 刚
Core Reading
Zhongshan City (中山市) in Guangdong (广东) Province, with its dense river network, once suffered from severe water pollution. Over the past four years, Zhongshan City (中山市) has vigorously promoted the battle against water pollution, systematically managing and efficiently governing water resources. The results of water management are becoming increasingly apparent, driving local economic development.
On the banks of the Qijiang River (岐江) in Zhongshan City (中山市), Guangdong (广东) Province, an old industrial park has been revitalized. The once-barren vacant land is now covered with fresh, smooth green lawns; the originally mottled old walls are also covered with ingenious and brightly colored artistic murals.
You Yuan (游源), the general manager of the park, has witnessed the tremendous changes in the river in front of him: "It used to smell bad here, but now the water is clear, the surrounding environment has improved, and more people are coming here," You Yuan (游源) said with a smile.
Zhongshan City (中山市) has a dense river network and once suffered from severe water pollution. Four years ago, the city had 306 severely black and odorous water bodies with dirty and messy banks. Industrial wastewater, domestic sewage, and aquaculture tailwater were directly discharged into the rivers and streams, making the polluted rivers incompatible with the Lingnan (岭南) water towns.
"We must be brave to face problems, vigorously control pollution, and adhere to scientific water management, source water management, systematic water management, watershed water management, and comprehensive water management," said Guo Wenhai (郭文海), Secretary of the Zhongshan Municipal Party Committee (中山市委).
Today, Zhongshan City (中山市) has cumulatively built 7,000 kilometers of new sewage pipe networks, adding 1.02 million tons/day of sewage treatment capacity. The city's water quality index has improved by 55.8% compared to 2021, with all hundred main rivers completely eliminating Class V or lower water quality. This has spurred investment in water economy projects exceeding 50 billion yuan, restoring 18,000 mu of riverside space.
Water Management—
Promoting smooth pipe networks, clear rivers and banks, and interconnected water systems
Water management is not easy, first of all due to natural conditions.
"Zhongshan City (中山市) has poor hydrodynamic conditions, with a river network slope elevation difference of less than two meters, and the river water flows slowly," said Ouyang Jinquan (欧阳锦全), Deputy Mayor of Zhongshan City (中山市).
How should such water be managed?
Zhongshan City (中山市) insists on simultaneously advancing dredging, interception, and integration into pipe networks, promoting smooth pipe networks, clear rivers and banks, and interconnected water systems, and implementing "one policy per basin" and "one policy per river." Taking the Nanlang River Basin (南朗流域) as an example, based on a thorough investigation of the basin's pollution situation, an overall basin plan is formulated, determining control and interception of pollution sources, endogenous management, living water conservation, and shoreline restoration as governance strategies. "One policy per river" is also compiled for each of the 14 rivers and streams in the basin to further refine governance measures. Now, the 14 rivers and streams in the Nanlang River Basin (南朗流域) have basically eliminated Class V or lower water quality.
The root of water pollution lies on the shore.
In the past, over 2/3 of Zhongshan City's (中山市) polluting enterprises were scattered in inefficient industrial parks. "Most of the original factory buildings were iron sheet houses with insufficient environmental protection facilities. Many enterprises directly discharged wastewater into the rivers and streams, which is an important reason for the black and odorous water bodies in the surrounding rivers and streams," introduced Du Min (杜敏), Director of the Zhongshan Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment (中山市生态环境局).
Having found the source, Zhongshan City (中山市) is coordinating the promotion of water pollution control and the upgrading of inefficient industrial parks in villages and towns. Over the past four years, Zhongshan City (中山市) has dismantled and reorganized over 50,000 mu of inefficient industrial land. In terms of technical routes, it has conducted in-depth investigations of six major pollution sources, including urban areas, rural areas, residential areas, factories and enterprises, urban non-point sources, and agricultural non-point sources, identifying gaps and deficiencies, and carrying out targeted governance projects. From the source to the end, from main pipelines to capillaries, a dense "one network" is woven throughout the city, sending sewage to sewage treatment plants.
Wherever the focus of water management is, the transformation of inefficient industrial parks follows.
Zhongshan City (中山市) is exploring the construction of 25 "environmental protection common industrial parks," gathering specific production links of enterprises such as electroplating, circuit boards, printing and dyeing, and chemicals. The industrial parks discharge and supervise through one outlet, implementing centralized production, centralized treatment, and centralized supervision, with a regional daily sewage treatment capacity of 13,000 tons.
Currently, 220 administrative villages in Zhongshan City (中山市) have completed domestic sewage treatment, 1,568 residential areas have completed drainage pipe network renovation, and 6,756 factories have completed rainwater and sewage diversion renovation.
Water Management—
Managing rainwater and sewage together, integrating water supply and drainage operations
Water management is not only about governance but also about management.
In the past, sewage treatment plants and sewage pipe network construction and management were separate systems, resulting in low sewage collection and treatment efficiency.
Zhongshan (中山) specifically established a drainage company, adhering to integrated plant-network management, closely connecting sewage treatment plants and sewage pipe networks. By building a smart drainage system platform, the city efficiently combines the "one map of the drainage system" and the "one map of comprehensive operation and maintenance."
On the Zhongshan Public Smart Drainage System Platform (中山公用智慧排水系统平台), the data information of all drainage pipe networks is clear at a glance. "We use artificial intelligence models to perform logical calculations based on front-end data and collected videos, make predictions about problems, issue instructions, and promote the improvement of sewage treatment plants," introduced Xu Xingquan (徐兴泉), General Manager of Zhongshan Public Water Environment Management Co., Ltd. (中山公用水环境治理有限公司).
"Integrated plant-network management is like a link, closely connecting sewage treatment plants and sewage pipe networks," said Ren Haiying (任海英), Deputy Leader of the Technical Group of the Zhongshan Water Management Office (中山市治水办). Specifically, it is divided into four dimensions: urban-rural integration, plant-network integration, rainwater-sewage integration, and supply-drainage integration, building a full-chain water management system from city to countryside, from construction to management, from rain to sewage, and from supply to drainage. Now, the management scope of integrated plant-network has expanded, not only to cities but also to towns. The management model has also changed, with equal emphasis on construction and management. There have also been significant adjustments to the management mechanism, with rainwater and sewage managed together, and water supply and drainage operated in an integrated manner, making the entire system more focused on long-term benefits.
By integrating resources and breaking down departmental barriers, the integrated planning, construction, and management of sewage treatment plants and sewage pipe networks are realized. The entire process of sewage from generation to treatment achieves efficient control, and the effectiveness of water management is improved.
Water Enjoyment—
People live close to the water, and projects are built near the water
"The water quality has improved, and the environment on the shore has also improved. I feel like I've returned to my childhood," said Chen Kangzhao (陈康照). He is in his 50s and is a master of dragon boat racing.
Anfu Yong (安阜涌) in Tanzhou Town (坦洲镇), Zhongshan City (中山市), has transformed from a "stinky ditch" into a "clear stream." This year, on this sparkling water race track, 11 boat teams competed in a dragon boat race full of speed and passion, and Chen Kangzhao (陈康照) participated in it.
From avoiding it to living close to the water, from covering noses and closing windows to enjoying the water, the water is lively and joyous, and the songs on the shore are melodious. The wonderful stories of the former Lingnan (岭南) water towns are being re-enacted.
The beautiful ecological environment of clear water surrounding the city and green banks continues to attract a group of university research institutes to settle down.
"The research institute is built near the water, and it has laid out research in the field of optoelectronics, focusing on the cultivation of master's and doctoral students, and serving the industrialization construction of Zhongshan Bay Area Optoelectronic Valley (中山湾区光谷). The environment here is beautiful, and the teachers and students feel very comfortable," said Ma Yunshi (马云石), a specialist in the Science and Technology Development Department of Changchun University of Science and Technology Zhongshan Research Institute (长春理工大学中山研究院).
On the banks of the Qijiang River (岐江), at dusk, egrets rest in the woods, and the night market in the ancient city of Xiangshan (香山古城) is bustling with people. The water is clear, there are more people, and the night economy is booming.
The effectiveness of water management is evident, and economic development has followed. In 2024, Zhongshan's (中山) total GDP reached 414.325 billion yuan, and the economy is showing a continuous growth trend in 2025.
"Next, Zhongshan (中山) will accelerate the improvement and optimization of the long-term and effective management mechanism for water management, deeply promote the protection and construction of happy and beautiful rivers and lakes, develop new formats and new industries along the main rivers, and build a beautiful Zhongshan (中山) where people and water live in harmony," said Guo Wenhai (郭文海).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李建广 王 洲
What can you do in a space of 109 square millimeters?
"This integrates approximately 19 billion transistors, like building a skyscraper on a strand of hair," said Chen Wencong (陈文聪), product manager of Xiaomi's Xuanjie, gently holding up the Xuanjie O1, Xiaomi's self-developed 3-nanometer mobile processor chip.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal suggests: "Strengthen the principal position of enterprises in technological innovation," and "Encourage enterprises to increase investment in basic research, and promote the deep integration of the innovation chain, industrial chain, capital chain, and talent chain."
Empowering high-quality development with technological innovation, from early sales model innovation and scenario innovation to today's unwavering promotion of independent innovation, Xiaomi Group's 15-year development path has witnessed the company's innovative power in climbing "high" and moving "new."
Anchoring Innovation: Consolidating a Solid Foundation for Upward Growth
In 2024, Xiaomi Group's R&D investment exceeded 24 billion yuan, and R&D investment is expected to exceed 200 billion yuan in the next 5 years; the total number of R&D personnel exceeds 24,000, accounting for nearly 50% of the company's total employees...
"Accumulating innovative power, we are persistently investing in underlying technologies, and have identified chips, artificial intelligence, and operating systems as the three major technology tracks for key investment," said Lei Jun (雷军), founder, chairman, and CEO of Xiaomi Group. At the same time, the Xiaomi artificial intelligence glasses he was wearing were recording in real time. Using voice commands to take pictures, translate, and search for information, the many functions of this personal smart assistant rely on the capabilities of artificial intelligence large models.
"The deep integration of artificial intelligence and the physical world will have a profound impact on people's lives," said Wang Bin (王斌), director of Xiaomi Artificial Intelligence Laboratory. By driving underlying data through artificial intelligence, Xiaomi is working hard to achieve the "Human-Car-Home Full Ecosystem" integration of mobile phones, smart homes, and automobiles.
In the smart home exhibition hall of Xiaomi Science and Technology Park (小米科技园) in Haidian District (海淀区), Beijing (北京), through artificial intelligence, scene preferences such as "closing windows on rainy days" and "adjusting temperature before going to bed" can be saved, and users' comprehensive needs for temperature, light, and noise can be understood, and the experience can be continuously optimized through continuous interaction.
Rooting downwards, innovative flowers bear abundant fruits. In the 15 years since its establishment, Xiaomi's smart home IoT platform has connected more than 1 billion devices; Xiaomi's mobile phone shipments have ranked among the top three in the global smartphone market for 21 consecutive quarters; and Xiaomi cars have delivered more than 500,000 vehicles.
The high-quality development of enterprises cannot be separated from the nourishment of innovative soil. Data shows that in 2024, China's total social R&D investment exceeded 3.6 trillion yuan, an increase of 48% compared with 2020, and the total number of R&D personnel ranks first in the world.
"Innovation determines the future," said Lei Jun (雷军). Xiaomi will adhere to the path of technological innovation, accelerate the cultivation and development of new quality productive forces, apply advanced technologies to various terminals, and enable the majority of consumers to enjoy the beautiful life brought by technology.
Focusing on Intelligent Manufacturing: Technological Innovation Leads Industrial Innovation
In Yizhuang (亦庄), Beijing (北京), an efficient production directed by intelligent manufacturing is underway in the die-casting workshop of the Xiaomi Automobile Factory.
Liquid alloy at a high temperature of 700 degrees Celsius is injected into the mold, and in just 2 minutes, a Xiaomi car rear floor die-casting part is produced.
"The 9100-ton integrated die-casting equipment reduces the number of parts manufacturing processes by 80% and production man-hours by 45%," said Ji Guowei (季国伟), director of the Xiaomi Automobile Factory.
Technological empowerment not only increases production efficiency but also improves product quality.
More than 300 sensors in the large die-casting equipment can monitor temperature and pressure in real time, and automatically compensate for parameter fluctuations through algorithms. After production is completed, there is also a "defense line" - X-ray inspection, "which is dozens of times faster than manual." said Ji Guowei (季国伟).
At present, Xiaomi has built three large-scale intelligent factories for automobiles, smart phones, and smart home appliances, and has created the Xiaomi HyperOS intelligent manufacturing platform to realize the digital, information-based management and intelligent production of the factory.
Technological empowerment turns supply chains into "win-win chains." In recent years, Xiaomi has helped partners improve production efficiency, product quality, and operation management level by exporting technical standards, management systems, etc., and helped the industrial chain improve quality and upgrade.
"After importing the Xiaomi HyperOS intelligent manufacturing platform, quality, delivery, and efficiency are visible in real time on the platform." Jin Xin (金鑫), general manager of Jiangsu Shuanglu Shangling Refrigerator Factory (江苏双鹿上菱冰箱工厂), was overjoyed after introducing this system. "Not only is the product defect rate effectively controlled, but also the production efficiency is significantly improved. It is expected to achieve cost reduction and income increase of more than 8 million yuan this year."
"Our technological empowerment of the industrial chain and supply chain is not just a single point of technology output, but also lies in building an open ecosystem," said Zhou Yi (周毅), director of Xiaomi Mobile Phone Intelligent Factory. At present, the Xiaomi HyperOS intelligent manufacturing platform has connected more than 200 manufacturing companies, covering home appliances, automobiles, parts and other fields.
Brand Going Overseas: Providing the World with More and Better "China Intelligent Manufacturing"
Chip mounting, assembly, complete machine testing... In the Xiaomi Mobile Phone Intelligent Factory in Changping District (昌平区), Beijing (北京), automated production lines operate 24 hours a day, and about 10 million high-end flagship mobile phones are produced every year and go to the world from here.
A set of data outlines Xiaomi's overseas expansion: smartphone shipments rank among the top three in 57 countries and regions around the world, of which it ranks second in the Latin American and Middle East markets, and third in the European, Southeast Asian and African markets. At present, Xiaomi's business has covered more than 100 countries and regions around the world.
From "product going overseas" to "brand going overseas," Tang Li (唐力), general manager of Xiaomi Southeast Asia, has a deep understanding.
"In Bangkok (曼谷), Thailand (泰国), the size of Xiaomi's regional headquarters has expanded from a dozen people to nearly 500 people, and Xiaomi Home has also opened in major shopping malls in the core area of Bangkok (曼谷)," said Tang Li (唐力). Xiaomi can go to the world and be recognized because of the product power brought by technological innovation, as well as the brand power brought by offline retail and service networks.
In order to adapt to the offline consumption habits of foreign consumers, Xiaomi is promoting "new retail" around the world. In the first three quarters of 2025, Xiaomi Home opened more than 130 new stores in Southeast Asia. "The expansion of Xiaomi Home is not just a simple increase in offline sales outlets, but also provides local consumers with a comprehensive experience of Xiaomi products and the 'Human-Car-Home Full Ecosystem' scenario," said Zeng Xuezhong (曾学忠), senior vice president of Xiaomi Group and president of the International Department.
Xiaomi's overseas expansion is not only conducive to its own development and growth, but also brings new opportunities to related regions and industries.
Looking inward, Xiaomi's overseas expansion indirectly drives the development of upstream supply chains in multiple categories such as camera modules, screens, and batteries; looking outward, Xiaomi has more than 2,000 foreign employees around the world, and has 11 cooperative factories in 7 countries, creating more employment opportunities and development opportunities for the local area.
"'Innovation' and 'quality' are becoming new impressions that many Chinese technology companies, including Xiaomi, are bringing to the world," said Zeng Xuezhong (曾学忠).
Return to TopWhere the Yangtze and Jialing Rivers meet, Chongqing (重庆) presents a new landscape. Employment is connected to both the myriad homes and the overall macro situation. In 2025, the Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) is targeting high-quality and full employment, following the All-China Federation of Trade Unions' (全国总工会) "Trade Union Employment Service" work requirements. Taking the "Workers' Home" (职工之家) platform as its main base and precise service as its primary focus, it is launching a series of practical measures, such as deeply cultivating skills enhancement, deepening regional cooperation, and assisting in entrepreneurial incubation, to create a powerful, warm, and effective "combination punch" of employment services, making positive contributions to stabilizing employment, benefiting people's livelihoods, and promoting development.
Precise Matching of Supply and Demand: Weaving a Dense Service Network for Matching People and Positions
Job seekers open the "Trade Union Employment Service Cloud" platform, and job information is clear at a glance; enterprises rely on the "Trade Union Employment Service Cloud" platform to obtain job seeker information in real-time—in Chongqing (重庆), the picture of precise matching of talent supply and demand is becoming increasingly clear.
In order to promote the direct access of enterprise needs and the precise matching of people and positions, the Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) has established a job seeker demand database. Relying on the "Trade Union Employment Service Cloud" platform, it conducts online questionnaires to dynamically collect and update job seekers' professional skills, employment intentions, salary expectations, and other information to understand the employment needs, employment quality, and employment policy implementation of employees, covering more than 20,000 employees. At the same time, the Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) gives play to the linkage role of district and county (industry) trade unions, enterprise trade unions, and human resources companies, closely focusing on the employment needs of the "33618" modern manufacturing cluster system and labor-intensive enterprises such as wholesale and retail, and continues to expand the job resource pool. Currently, more than 11,000 enterprises have settled in the "Trade Union Employment Service Cloud" platform, releasing nearly 200,000 jobs, and opening up the "last mile" of people-position matching.
In addition, in order to further promote the implementation of employment services, the Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) continues to strengthen its linkage with departments such as human resources and social security, and the Federation of Industry and Commerce. Combining with special activities such as the "Spring Breeze Action" and the "Golden Autumn Recruitment Month," it has held more than 200 on-site recruitment fairs in trade union stations, large supermarkets, and other places, promoting the use of the "Workers' Home" APP (职工之家) and the "Trade Union Employment Service Cloud" platform, serving more than 200,000 employees, and realizing two-way linkage between online precise matching and offline precise service.
Deeply Cultivating Skills Training: Building a Large Platform for Employment Services
Vocational skills training is a fundamental measure to comprehensively improve workers' employment and entrepreneurship capabilities, solve structural employment contradictions, and improve employment quality. The Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) carries out integrated project-based employment skills training of "job demand + skills training + employment recommendation + level evaluation," and jointly connects with human resources companies and vocational training institutions to connect with employment enterprises to carry out order, targeted, and fixed-position training, accumulating more than 200 employment skills training sessions, covering more than 22,000 people, helping job seekers improve their job competitiveness and career development capabilities.
Targeting key groups such as laid-off and unemployed workers, workers in difficulty, college graduates with employment assistance needs, and migrant workers, the Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) has carried out the "Sunshine Employment" action, implemented "one-to-one" precise employment assistance, and conducted a grid-style investigation at the grassroots level. Through face-to-face communication, telephone follow-up, and other methods, it grasps the employment status, skill level, and assistance needs of key personnel. At the same time, through household visits, training lectures, and other methods, it accurately delivers assistance policies to service objects, and guides key personnel to improve information on the "Trade Union Employment Service Cloud" platform and submit employment assistance applications. As of now, it has completed more than 30,000 intention surveys and carried out skills training for more than 4,000 key groups.
Deepening Coordinated Development: Expanding New Space for Employment Growth
Currently, the Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) is expanding new space for employment growth through regional cooperation, school-enterprise linkage, and multi-dimensional entrepreneurial incubation. In terms of regional cooperation, the Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) and the Sichuan Provincial Federation of Trade Unions (四川省总工会) have established an employment service cooperation mechanism, mutually collecting and releasing high-quality job information to promote the orderly flow of labor in the Sichuan (四川) and Chongqing (重庆) regions.
In 2025, the Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) jointly organized the "Sichuan-Chongqing Job Delivery, I am in the Dual Circle" employment service activity with the Sichuan Provincial Federation of Trade Unions (四川省总工会), organizing more than 1,000 enterprises to carry out offline recruitment activities, providing 35,300 jobs. Strengthening "Trade Union + School-Enterprise" cooperation, the Liangjiang New Area Federation of Trade Unions (两江新区总工会) jointly with the Chongqing Industry Polytechnic College (重庆工业职业技术大学), through opening up the entire chain barriers between the talent supply side (colleges and universities) and the industrial demand side (enterprises), creating a five-ring linkage closed-loop service model of "enrollment-cultivation-internship-entry-employment evaluation," forming a typical case of "Trade Union + School-Enterprise" supply and demand docking service, and creating a demonstration model of industry-education integration in the Sichuan (四川) and Chongqing (重庆) regions.
In addition, the Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会) encourages trade unions in various districts and counties to strengthen linkage with human resources and social security departments to build employee entrepreneurship incubation bases, focusing on supporting employees to carry out entrepreneurship around production service industries, life service industries, and other projects, providing employees with entrepreneurship training, entrepreneurship guidance, and financial support through the incubator model. The Shapingba District Federation of Trade Unions (沙坪坝区总工会) jointly with the district human resources and social security bureau, education commission, and commerce commission, through the dual-wheel drive of "base entity operation" and "alliance ecological construction," created the "Shaci Gongyun · Create and Share the Future" entrepreneurship incubation alliance (沙磁工韵·创享未来), integrating the resources of parks, universities, and enterprises to create a comprehensive entity incubation base integrating office space, skills training, legal consultation, and financial docking. By regularly holding project roadshows, resource docking meetings, and entrepreneurship salons, it continuously improves the survival rate and competitiveness of entrepreneurship projects, driving employment through entrepreneurship.
Data source: Chongqing Municipal Federation of Trade Unions (重庆市总工会)
Return to TopBy: 赵志远 郭云龙 刘云圻
In recent years, display technology has been accelerating its upgrade from "rigid" to "flexible." With its "stretchable" characteristics, flexible displays are increasingly being used in consumer electronics, commercial spaces, smart interaction, and other fields. Recently, a research team from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院化学研究所) successfully prepared high-performance stretchable polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs), whose photoelectric performance and mechanical stability were significantly improved. Not long ago, South Korea's LG Display also showcased its stretchable display prototype, which can achieve about 53% tensile deformation. A series of breakthroughs are laying an important foundation for the rapid development of flexible displays.
From foldable phones to curved-screen wristbands, from in-vehicle flexible screens to large-screen outdoor advertisements, flexible displays, with their bendable, ultra-thin, and high-contrast characteristics, break through the physical limitations of traditional screens, creating new forms such as edge bending, full-screen bending, folding, and curling. It promotes related products towards the vision of "**万物皆显示**" (wàn wù jiē xiǎn shì - "everything is a display," the idea that displays will be integrated into all aspects of life), reshaping the boundaries of human-computer interaction and spawning a huge new generation of industrial clusters.
How Flexible Screens are "Refined"
Flexible screens are by no means simply "bending" traditional glass screens; achieving this function can be described as "**牵一发而动全身**" (qiān yī fà ér dòng quán shēn - "move one hair and affect the whole body," a slight move in one part may affect the situation as a whole). It is like a multi-layered "rainbow cake" composed of a substrate, electronic components, encapsulation film, and cover plate. Only when each layer of the "cake" is flexible can the overall bending and folding be achieved, while ensuring the display effect and durability of the screen. This requires collaborative innovation in multiple fields such as flexible substrate materials, core electronic components, structural design, and flexible packaging technology.
The first is flexible substrate material. Because there are various high-temperature and acid-base environments in the screen manufacturing process, the substrate needs to be a thin, soft, high-temperature-resistant, and corrosion-resistant polymer material. Currently, commonly used polymer substrate materials include polyimide and polyester materials, which can be as thin as 0.1 mm and can withstand high-temperature processes and withstand tens of thousands of folds without deformation.
The second is core electronic components, including thin film transistors (TFTs) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). They rely on high-performance electronic materials, such as oxide semiconductors, organic semiconductors, and conductive metal/polymer materials. These key materials are like a team with tacit cooperation: oxide semiconductors are like "fast carriers" of current, ensuring that current flows quickly in the screen, making the display respond quickly and display clearly and smoothly; organic semiconductors have the "magic of self-illumination," which can emit light by themselves without a backlight, making the screen brighter, more energy-efficient, and able to adapt to bending and folding; conductive metals are the "highways of current," ensuring that current flows smoothly between various parts. At the same time, an "island-bridge structure" design is also required between these components. Each component is like a small island, connected by elastic structures to form a flexible network. When the screen is bent, these components can effectively release the pressure and stress generated by the deformation to maintain the integrity and functionality of the display.
Finally, there is packaging technology. This is the key to protecting flexible displays from external environments (such as oxygen and water vapor). Ideal packaging materials need to be lightweight and flexible, while providing excellent moisture-proof and anti-oxidation capabilities to protect the organic components inside the display from damage. To this end, researchers have developed multi-layer composite packaging and even explored self-healing coatings to greatly extend the life of flexible screens while maintaining flexibility.
Application Scenarios Expand to Multiple Fields
At present, the global market size of flexible displays continues to expand. According to relevant statistics, global shipments of flexible active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) panels reached 631 million units in 2024, accounting for 42% of the mobile phone screen market; it is estimated that by 2031, the flexible display market size will exceed US$173 billion, with a compound annual growth rate of up to 34.3%. Currently, flexible display technology applications have gradually expanded to multiple fields such as smart terminals, wearable devices, automobiles and transportation, medical health, and public services.
In the field of smart terminals, flexible displays are continuously enriching product forms. In 2025, Huawei (华为) released the world's first three-fold notebook, which can reach 18 inches when unfolded, allowing for easy switching between large-screen office work and portable storage. Samsung (三星) is developing a scrollable screen phone, which can be stretched from a regular size to 12.4 inches, expanding the cross-border experience of "phone-tablet." Compared with early curved and foldable screens, the new generation of flexible smart devices has comprehensively improved in terms of size, resolution, and durability.
In the field of wearable devices, flexible screens make products more skin-friendly and more functional. In 2020, Huami Technology (华米科技) and BOE (京东方) jointly launched a curved-screen wristband, which uses a curved screen that surrounds the wrist, allowing health and sports data to be viewed on one screen. In the future, stretchable displays are also expected to be embedded in smart clothing to achieve real-time visualization of health data. From "only reading numbers" to "full interaction," flexible screens are constantly improving wearing comfort and information carrying capacity.
In the field of automobiles and transportation, flexible displays are reshaping the human-vehicle interaction interface. In 2022, the Mercedes-Benz (奔驰) VISION EQXX concept car was released, equipped with a 47.5-inch integrated flexible OLED central control screen with higher resolution and lower power consumption. BMW (宝马), Audi (奥迪), and others are also equipped with flexible OLED instrument panels and entertainment screens in high-end models to achieve dynamic display and personalized interaction. BOE (京东方) has been mass-producing in-vehicle flexible screens since 2020 and has cooperated with car companies such as NIO (蔚来) and XPeng (小鹏). Compared with traditional liquid crystal displays, the new generation of in-vehicle flexible screens are larger in size, more energy-efficient, and can be bent according to the scene.
In the field of medical health, flexible displays are being implemented in clinical and home settings. A Japanese printing company once exhibited a health patch equipped with a flexible screen, which can display parameters such as heart rate and blood oxygen in real time. In 2021, BOE (京东方) launched a flexible wearable medical terminal, which is connected to a remote monitoring platform, and data is instantly visible. In recent years, portable ultrasound equipment has also introduced flexible OLEDs, which have clearer images, lower energy consumption, and are convenient for doctors to make mobile rounds. Currently, flexible medical displays have made significant progress in terms of clarity, portability, and reliability.
In the field of public services, flexible displays have begun to enter public spaces on a large scale. The new generation of large-size flexible OLED screens are superior to early liquid crystal displays in terms of brightness, lifespan, and bending resistance. Bus stops, shopping mall windows, and exhibition booths are gradually becoming new "canvases" for flexible displays. These large-size flexible OLED screens can be attached to walls and columns to create immersive advertisements. In 2024, the Paris Olympic Games venues used flexible transparent displays for event information broadcasting and interactive guidance.
Intrinsic Flexibility is Expected to Bring New Breakthroughs
Currently, mainstream flexible screens still rely on external structures to achieve deformation, and inevitably face challenges such as stretching, twisting, fragility, and loss of display resolution. With the development of emerging technologies such as smart homes, the Internet of Things, and virtual reality, higher requirements are also placed on the flexibility and stability of display devices. The development of new intrinsic flexible materials is expected to effectively solve these problems.
The so-called "intrinsic flexibility" refers to the fundamental flexibility achieved from the inside of materials and devices. Through the molecular structure of materials and the microscopic design of devices, the screen itself has the ability to withstand deformation, rather than relying on external structures to achieve bending. Researchers are constantly improving the mechanical strength and durability of flexible displays by introducing new material systems. In 2022, Bao Zhenan's (鲍哲南) team at Stanford University (斯坦福大学) in the United States developed an intrinsically flexible OLED composed of luminescent polymer fibers and a polyurethane matrix, with a luminous intensity of 7450 candelas per square meter (cd/m²) and a maximum strain of 100%, demonstrating good stability and stretchability. This time, the research team from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院化学研究所) proposed an innovative strategy: by introducing microcrystalline elastomers into the luminescent polymer matrix, they successfully prepared high-performance intrinsically stretchable PLED devices.
At present, intrinsic flexible displays are still in the material verification stage and have not yet achieved large-scale application. In key links such as highly elastic self-healing substrates, electrodes, and flexible packaging materials, the development of intrinsic flexibility still faces huge challenges, requiring continuous cross-disciplinary efforts and joint efforts from the industrial chain.
The significance of intrinsic flexibility lies not only in improving durability and stability, but also in opening up new application scenarios. With further in-depth integration with technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and big data analysis, intrinsic flexible displays will provide a more personalized and intelligent user experience. For example, embedding sensors and AI algorithms in intrinsic flexible displays can achieve real-time data analysis and adaptive interaction, promoting true "human-machine symbiosis." That is to say, future screens will not only be able to bend and stretch, but also adapt to different forms of equipment, such as wearable devices, smart homes, etc., and adjust the display content and layout in real time according to user needs and environmental changes. This change from "humans adapting to devices" to "devices adapting to humans" is the core charm of flexible display technology, inspiring expectations for more innovative products in the future.
(The author's affiliation is the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院化学研究所), and Liu Yunqi (刘云圻) is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院院士).)
Return to TopBy: 毕国强
Recently, the International Brain Laboratory brought together 12 well-known neuroscience research teams from around the world to publish a landmark research result in the journal *Nature*: they have drawn the first high-resolution neural activity map covering the entire mouse brain and running through the complete decision-making process. This collaborative effort, which lasted for many years and spanned multiple countries and regions, not only refreshed people's understanding of how the brain makes decisions, but also expanded a new paradigm for international brain science research with "distributed scientific research."
For general cognition, people are accustomed to imagining the brain as a sophisticated machine, with different brain regions performing their respective functions—the visual area "sees," the motor area "moves," and the prefrontal cortex "thinks." In fact, the real brain operation process may be more like a super metropolis that never sleeps, with information flowing and dynamically integrating at high speed between hundreds of functional areas and tens of thousands of neurons. To solve the neural code behind decision-making, observing only one or two brain regions is tantamount to 管中窥豹 (guǎn zhōng kuī bào - "look at a leopard through a pipe," to have a limited view of something). Due to the limitations of current technology, researchers find it difficult to achieve synchronous recording of whole-brain neuronal activity in the same sample object, and the inconsistency of data standards makes it difficult to integrate cross-laboratory research.
The research of the International Brain Laboratory broke this predicament. They established a set of highly standardized experimental paradigms: in 12 laboratories distributed around the world, researchers used the same equipment, training procedures, and behavioral tasks to allow mice to complete a seemingly simple visual choice—when a pattern signal appeared on the left or right side of the screen, the mouse rotated the turntable to move the pattern to the middle of the screen to obtain a drinking water "reward." This seemingly simple task includes cognitive links such as perception, decision-making, action, and feedback.
In order to capture the neural response of the whole brain, the research team performed a total of 699 electrode insertions in the brains of 139 mice, covering 279 anatomically defined brain regions, and recorded the discharge activity of approximately 622,000 neurons. All data were integrated through a unified analysis process, and finally a dynamic, panoramic "whole-brain neural activity map" was constructed. It should be emphasized that this is not a "real-time whole-brain recording" of a single animal, but a statistical whole-brain decision-making picture pieced together through standardized experiments and large-scale data fusion—like using tens of millions of aerial photos to synthesize a city's light thermal map at different times.
The research shows that when mice perform tasks, their brains do not successively activate one "command center" after another, but present a "city-wide lighting" type of collaborative activation. Visual stimulation first triggers local "lighting" in the classical visual pathway, and then the signal quickly spreads to the whole brain, with signals related to motor preparation, execution, and reward expectation rising and falling in the cortex and subcortical regions. What is particularly critical is that the neural code related to the choice of "left or right" is not limited to high-level brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex, but emerges almost synchronously in multiple brain regions. This shows that decision-making in the brain requires multiple neural nodes to interact and weight integrate within a millisecond-level "time window" to jointly form behavioral output. When the "reward" arrives, the whole brain of the experimental mice also shows extensive rhythmic synchronous activity, demonstrating the high coordination of the nervous system.
This discovery has far-reaching significance for the development of brain science. It means that a large number of interconnected neurons in multiple brain regions realize high-level cognitive functions such as decision-making in a "decentralized" whole-brain dynamic collaborative manner. It also suggests that many neuropsychiatric diseases (such as depression and schizophrenia) may not be caused by a single brain region injury, but by the result of large-scale neural network coordination imbalance. Future treatment strategies may shift from "point repair" to "network regulation," restoring the dynamic balance of overall function through precise intervention in key nodes.
However, the current map mainly reveals the correlation between neural activity and behavior. To establish a causal relationship, it is also necessary to combine interventional methods such as optogenetics and chemogenetics to further verify the role of each neural circuit in the entire network connection system in decision-making. At the same time, the animals in this experiment are in a head-fixed state, and how to perform whole-brain recording in the free behavior scenario of experimental subjects in the future is also an important topic. Furthermore, this "light map" of neural activity is mutually confirmed and superimposed and integrated with the "circuit map" research of neural connections, so as to construct a multi-dimensional panoramic neural map, providing the possibility for realizing a true "digital twin of the brain."
It is worth mentioning that the organization method of this research also shows a high degree of collaboration. The 12 laboratories are like different regions in the brain, working together and sharing data under unified standards, and finally achieving scientific breakthroughs far beyond the capabilities of a single team. Through this "distributed scientific research network" model, global researchers will draw an ever-improving picture, jointly explore the deep mechanisms of brain function, and promote continuous breakthroughs in brain-like intelligence, brain-computer interfaces, and neuropsychiatric disease treatment.
(The author is a professor at the School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China (中国科学技术大学))
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency, Paris (Reporter Luo Yu (罗毓)) - The European Space Agency recently reported that researchers using the James Webb Space Telescope have discovered that a supermassive black hole actively growing existed in a galaxy only about 570 million years after the Big Bang. This discovery will further reveal the key mechanisms of black hole and galaxy origin.
Using Webb's Near-Infrared Spectrograph, an international research team detected faint light from the distant galaxy CANUCS-LRD-z8.6. Analysis of key spectral features of the galaxy revealed the presence of an accreting black hole in the galaxy, and the black hole is growing rapidly, much faster than expected.
Spectroscopic data show that the galaxy itself is very dense and has not yet produced a large number of heavy elements, confirming that it is a galaxy in the early stages of evolution. The gas in the galaxy is strongly ionized by high-energy radiation and shows signs of rapid rotation around a central source, which are key features of an accreting supermassive black hole.
Notably, in this galaxy, the black hole mass is too large compared to the stellar mass, suggesting that black hole growth may have been much faster than the growth of its host galaxy in the early universe.
Astronomers have previously observed a correlation between the mass of a supermassive black hole and its host galaxy: the larger the galaxy grows, the larger the black hole at its center becomes. But the research team says the observations challenge this view, suggesting that black holes may have formed and begun to accelerate their growth in relatively small galaxies even in the early universe. This opens up new perspectives for studying the formation of galaxies and black holes and their relationship.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李 墨
With the rapid development of technologies such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and streaming media, the global data scale has experienced explosive growth, placing higher demands on the size and density of storage devices. Recently, research teams from the University of Manchester (曼彻斯特大学) in the United Kingdom and the Australian National University (澳大利亚国立大学) published a new type of single-molecule magnet research result in the journal "Nature." It can maintain magnetic memory at 100 Kelvin (approximately -173 degrees Celsius) and enable a theoretical storage density more than 100 times that of existing technologies. David Mills (大卫·米尔斯), a professor of inorganic chemistry at the University of Manchester (曼彻斯特大学) and one of the corresponding authors of the study, said in an interview with this reporter that the achievement is expected to help develop higher-density data storage devices.
Traditional hard drives rely on magnetized areas composed of a large number of atoms in magnetic materials to store data and represent binary information by changing the direction of the magnetic field. Single-molecule magnets achieve storage through the quantum spin effect. A single molecule can independently store information without relying on neighboring molecules, which greatly expands the storage capacity. "The new technology spawned by this new type of single-molecule magnet can achieve the storage of approximately 3TB of data per square centimeter," said Nicholas Chilton (尼古拉斯·奇尔顿), a professor of computational and theoretical chemistry at the Australian National University (澳大利亚国立大学) and a co-corresponding author of the study. "This is equivalent to fitting 500,000 short videos into a hard drive the size of a postage stamp."
Although the theoretical performance of single-molecule magnets is excellent, they usually can only maintain magnetic memory at extremely low operating temperatures, and such harsh conditions severely restrict practical applications. To overcome this limitation, the research team designed a unique molecular structure: a rare earth element dysprosium atom is sandwiched between two nitrogen atoms, and the three are arranged almost in a straight line. In the past, this type of molecular structure was extremely prone to bending, which would damage the magnetic capacity of the magnet. To solve this problem, the researchers introduced olefin chemical groups into the molecule, which act like a "molecular pin," fixing the linear molecular configuration by anchoring the dysprosium atom. "In this new molecule, there is only a weak interaction between the olefin group and the dysprosium atom, but it precisely pushes another ligand to a nearly linear position," Chilton (奇尔顿) told reporters. This linear configuration can significantly improve the magnetic properties of single-molecule magnets and break through the magnetic memory temperature to 100 Kelvin, which is 20 Kelvin higher than before, meaning that the data storage capacity of the magnet can be maintained by liquid nitrogen cooling.
"One of the most promising applications of single-molecule magnets is for high-density data storage devices," Mills (米尔斯) said. Although the single-molecule magnet has not yet achieved room temperature operation, it is theoretically feasible for application in large data centers. The next step is to study and prove that when these molecules are deposited on the surface of a solid substrate in an array, they can continue to maintain their magnetic properties. At the same time, new read and write processes need to be developed to encode and read magnetic information on the nanoscale.
"Designing single-molecule magnets that have both high operating temperatures and high molecular stability will be a hot research direction in synthetic chemistry and magnetic materials in the future," Yang Shangfeng (杨上峰), Deputy Dean of the School of Chemistry and Materials Science at the University of Science and Technology of China (中国科学技术大学), told reporters. Currently, research teams from many countries are committed to improving the performance of single-molecule magnets and exploring their application potential. In 2024, the USTC (中科大) team used a special fullerene carbon cage (a spherical molecular structure composed of 60 carbon atoms) to capture and stabilize dysprosium atoms, effectively improving molecular stability and providing ideas for designing high-performance single-molecule magnets with special structures.
In the future, "molecular designers" will continue to climb new technological peaks based on existing achievements. "We are looking for new ligand combinations to increase charge density and achieve more linear molecular configurations," Chilton (奇尔顿) said, "There are almost infinite possibilities in chemical space!"
Return to TopLayout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
Return to TopThe north wind howls, and winter arrives again. To ensure a reliable power supply for the Shaanxi (陕西) region and to keep the people warm through the winter, State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd. (国网陕西省电力有限公司) (hereinafter referred to as "State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power (国网陕西电力)") resolutely shoulders the responsibility of ensuring electricity supply, implements various winter peak load supply guarantee work deployments, goes all out to ensure safety, power supply, and people's livelihood, and ensures a reliable power supply throughout the province.
Ensuring power supply, promoting development, and benefiting people's livelihoods, State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power (国网陕西电力) is taking multiple measures and advancing in an orderly manner. In terms of strengthening resource allocation, refined joint optimization scheduling is carried out to maximize the supply guarantee effectiveness of various power sources. In terms of power grid project construction, efforts are being made to promote the commissioning of 750 kV Hanzhong (汉中) and Ankang (安康) substations and other projects, to ensure that key projects such as the Shaanbei (陕北)-Anhui (安徽) ±800 kV UHV DC transmission project and the Shaanbei (陕北)-Guanzhong (关中) 750 kV third channel transmission and transformation project are advanced according to plan, and to accelerate the completion of 10 kV line connections, winter supply guarantee power supply capacity improvement projects, and other projects to improve power supply guarantee capabilities. In terms of equipment inspection and maintenance, the "manual inspection + machine inspection + live detection" model is promoted, the operation and maintenance of important intersection and crossing sections are strengthened, seasonal measures are strengthened, and the safe and reliable operation of equipment is ensured. In terms of optimizing power supply services, the role of "large-scale visits" and "micro-services" is brought into play, the quality and efficiency of "micro-services" is continuously improved, the standards of "micro-services" are raised, supply guarantee measures such as "transfer with generation" are adopted, the requirement of "restore power first, then repair" is implemented, and the service level is improved. In terms of emergency response capabilities, a multi-party linkage emergency guarantee mechanism is constructed, emergency resources are coordinated and allocated, and safe and orderly emergency response is ensured.
Now, State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power (国网陕西电力) is ready to go, turning the continuous current into a warm current, guarding the warmth of the Shaanxi (陕西) region in winter, lighting up thousands of homes, and interpreting the mission of "the people's electric power for the people."
Data source: State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd. (国网陕西省电力有限公司)
Return to TopBy: 田文林
On October 9th of this year, the Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) reached the first phase of a ceasefire agreement in Gaza with Israel. On November 3rd, Turkey and other Islamic countries convened a ministerial meeting on the Gaza issue, focusing on the current ceasefire situation in the Gaza Strip, the humanitarian situation, and possible coordinated actions to be taken subsequently. The first phase of the Gaza ceasefire agreement has temporarily eased the protracted Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and a glimmer of peace has appeared in the Middle East. However, the ceasefire agreement is extremely fragile, and sporadic conflicts between the two sides have not ceased to this day. There are many structural contradictions between the Palestinian and Israeli sides, and they cannot get out of the predicament caused by deep-seated problems in the short term.
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is a product and driver of the imbalance of power in the Middle East.
The new round of Israeli-Palestinian conflict that broke out in October 2023 seems accidental, but it actually contains inevitability and is a direct product of the imbalance of power in the Middle East.
Looking back at history, for a considerable period in the past, the Palestinian national liberation cause mainly relied on the collective support of the Arab world. Since the establishment of Israel in 1948, the Arab world has fought several wars with Israel, but it has lost more than it has won. In particular, the failure of the Third Middle East War in 1967 greatly reduced the prestige of Arab nationalism, which strongly supported Palestine. Since then, the Middle East has experienced a series of major events, the Arab world has continued to split internally, and the Arab-Israeli conflict has gradually turned into the Palestinian-Israeli issue. In this context, the balance of power between Palestine and Israel has been seriously imbalanced, the legitimate rights and interests of Palestine have been continuously violated, and the "Al-Aqsa Flood" operation in October 2023 was finally triggered.
The new round of Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which has lasted for two years, has further exacerbated the imbalance of power in the Middle East. From the perspective of the balance of power between the Palestinian and Israeli sides, Israel's military operations in Gaza have caused heavy losses to Hamas. From a regional perspective, the prolongation of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has triggered military conflicts between the "resistance axis" represented by Iran and Israel. Under Israel's offensive, the "resistance axis," including Hezbollah in Lebanon, Syria, and Iran, has been greatly weakened. The "resistance axis" led by Iran, especially Hezbollah in Lebanon, has suffered severe blows from Israel and can hardly provide strong support to Syria.
The further imbalance of power in the Middle East has made Israel's policies on the Palestinian-Israeli issue more radical, and regional peace and stability face greater challenges.
The Gaza crisis: the balance of international support begins to tilt.
Hamas took the initiative to launch the "Al-Aqsa Flood" operation, behind which there was an important motive - to prevent the Palestinian issue from being marginalized.
Entering the 21st century, Middle East hotspots have emerged one after another: the Iraq War, the Iranian nuclear issue, the Syrian crisis, the Libyan civil war, the Yemen civil war... These hotspots have continuously diverted the attention of the international community, and the Palestinian issue has become increasingly marginalized. Especially during the first term of the Trump (特朗普) administration, the United States vigorously promoted the "Abraham Accords," which led to the establishment of diplomatic relations between the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Morocco, and Sudan, four Arab countries, and Israel, and negotiations on the normalization of relations between Saudi Arabia and Israel were also continuing. Once Saudi Arabia and Israel establish diplomatic relations, the Palestinian issue will be further marginalized.
In this context, Hamas launched the "Al-Aqsa Flood" operation, bringing the Palestinian issue back to public attention. Today, "there can be no peace in the Middle East unless the Palestinian issue is resolved" has become a new consensus among Middle Eastern countries.
Hamas's actions triggered Israel's continued military retaliation against the Gaza Strip, which led to unprecedented casualties and humanitarian disasters in Gaza. As of October 10th of this year, Israeli military operations have caused 67,000 deaths and 160,000 injuries in Gaza; more than 90% of the infrastructure has been destroyed, and economic losses have exceeded 68 billion US dollars. The United Nations assessment believes that Gaza's development has regressed by 69 years. 90% of the population in the Gaza Strip has been displaced, and more than 1.9 million people are in a serious humanitarian crisis, including more than 1 million children who are on the verge of starvation.
With its own military advantages and the support of the United States, Israel has severely damaged Hamas and the "resistance axis" in military confrontation, and has temporarily gained the upper hand militarily. However, in the political and diplomatic fields, Israel faces huge losses. At the regional level, after the outbreak of this round of Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Saudi Arabia immediately suspended the process of establishing diplomatic relations with Israel, and other Arab countries also condemned Israel. The Arab-Israeli reconciliation process carefully created by the United States and Israel has fallen into a stalemate; at the global level, the Israeli military's practice of artificially exacerbating humanitarian disasters in the Gaza Strip has been condemned by the international community.
Some Western countries that have consistently supported Israel in the past have begun to change their positions in order to alleviate their own domestic pressure, raise the tone of criticism against Israel, and distance themselves from the United States on the Palestinian-Israeli issue. In September of this year, 11 countries, including the United Kingdom, France, and Canada, publicly recognized the State of Palestine, bringing the number of countries in the international community that recognize the State of Palestine to 158, accounting for more than 81% of the United Nations member states. This "recognition wave" is not only a strong support for the Palestinian right to statehood, but also a diplomatic isolation and moral condemnation of Israel.
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which has lasted for more than two years, has once again proved that Palestine cannot defeat Israel militarily, and Israel cannot defeat Palestine politically. There is no real winner in this contest.
The "two-state solution" is the only viable solution to achieve Israeli-Palestinian peace.
The "two-state solution" is the only viable solution to achieve lasting peace in the Middle East.
The "two-state solution" is in line with the original face of history. Historically, Jews and Arabs lived in the Palestinian region at different times, and both nations have the right to establish their own countries there. Jews were able to re-establish a country in Palestine 1,700 years after leaving, and Palestinians, who have lived there for more than 1,600 years, naturally also have the right to establish an independent country. There should be no double standards on this. The fact that the people of Gaza have fallen into a serious survival crisis since 2023 precisely shows that Palestine can better protect its territorial integrity and the legitimate rights and interests of its citizens only by establishing an independent country. This is also an important reason why the international community pays close attention to the issue of Palestinian statehood.
The "two-state solution" has a solid legal basis and is rooted in the international consensus formed by a series of United Nations resolutions. In November 1947, the United Nations General Assembly passed Resolution 181 on the partition of Palestine, agreeing to establish an "Arab state" and a "Jewish state" respectively after the United Kingdom ended its mandate in Palestine, and for the first time established the legal basis for the "two-state coexistence" at the legal level.
After the Third Middle East War in 1967, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 242, establishing the principle of "land for peace," requiring Israel to withdraw from the territories occupied in the war. In 2012, the United Nations General Assembly granted Palestine the status of "non-member observer state," which is essentially a reaffirmation of Palestine's right to self-determination and the right to statehood. As United Nations Secretary-General Guterres (古特雷斯) said: "The independence of the Palestinian people is a right, not a reward."
Implementing the "two-state solution" is the common aspiration of Middle Eastern countries and the basis for achieving peace and stability in the Middle East. In 2002, the Arab League passed the "Arab Peace Initiative," clearly promising that Arab countries would normalize relations with Israel on the basis of Israel's withdrawal from the territories occupied in 1967, the establishment of a Palestinian state, and the just resolution of the refugee issue. This initiative clearly conveys the common desire of the Arab world to achieve regional peace through the "two-state solution."
Facts have repeatedly proved that the Palestinian-Israeli issue is the core issue of the Middle East. If this issue is not resolved, the entire Middle East will never have peace. The international community should continue to promote a comprehensive ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and restart the "two-state solution," and must not allow Palestinian people to be plunged into misery again.
The road to peace is difficult and long, and the international community needs to unite its efforts.
Although the "two-state solution" is the only correct path to solve the Palestinian-Israeli issue, in the foreseeable future, the real establishment of a Palestinian state and the real achievement of peace between Palestine and Israel will still be difficult and long.
Under the power structure of a strong Israel and a weak Palestine, Israel continues to increase its erosion of Palestinian land, continuously hollowing out the geographical basis for Palestinian statehood. In particular, in August of this year, Israel announced a plan to build settlements in the "E1 area" of the West Bank, dividing the area into northern and southern parts. The international community generally expressed opposition and condemnation, believing that this would seriously undermine the territorial contiguity of Palestine and damage the basis for Palestinian statehood.
The reason why Israel dares to wantonly erode Palestinian territory and ignore the calls of the international community is mainly because of the unconditional bias of the United States towards Israel. The Egyptian newspaper Al-Ahram pointed out that the United States' military support on the Palestinian-Israeli issue and its veto in the United Nations Security Council are important reasons why the "two-state solution" is blocked.
In the two years since the outbreak of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the United States has provided a total of 21.7 billion US dollars in military aid to Israel. Since October 2023, the United Nations Security Council has put forward 16 draft resolutions on the Gaza conflict and put them to a vote, with only 5 being adopted. Among the 11 draft resolutions that were not adopted, except for 2 submitted by the United States, the United States voted against the remaining 9, 7 of which were "vetoed" by the United States.
The Palestinian issue is the core of the Middle East issue, which is related to international fairness and justice and affects the regional situation. As a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, China firmly supports the just cause of the Palestinian people to restore their legitimate national rights and advocates promoting Palestinian-Israeli reconciliation through the "two-state solution." After the outbreak of the new round of Israeli-Palestinian conflict, China has actively promoted peace and promoted talks in international occasions such as the United Nations, and is committed to peacefully resolving the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, playing an important and constructive role in promoting the resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
On November 17th, the United Nations Security Council voted on the "20-point plan" resolution proposed by the United States to end the Gaza conflict, and China and Russia abstained. China believes that this draft resolution has defects in many aspects, is vague on many crucial issues, does not reflect the fundamental principle of "Palestinians governing Palestine," does not ensure the effective participation of the United Nations and the Security Council, and is not the result of full consultation among the members of the Security Council. The pen-holder country hastily requested the Security Council to make an important decision on the future destiny of Gaza less than two weeks after submitting the draft resolution. China is deeply disappointed by this practice of disrespecting the members of the Security Council and undermining the unity of the Security Council.
If we want to truly resolve the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and promote regional peace, Palestine and the Arab world must first achieve unity and unite their efforts to strive for legitimate rights and interests. At the same time, the international community must promote a comprehensive and lasting ceasefire in Gaza with the greatest sense of urgency, avoid the recurrence of war, and alleviate the current humanitarian disaster. Countries that have a special influence on Israel should earnestly assume their responsibilities, and the United Nations Security Council and humanitarian agencies should also fulfill their duties and jointly inject impetus into the implementation of the "two-state solution" and the promotion of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process. Only in this way can Middle East peace truly arrive.
(The author is the director of the Middle East Institute of the Institute of Regional and National Studies of Renmin University of China (中国人民大学))
By: 纳迪娅·希勒米
This year, the United Kingdom, France, and many other countries announced their recognition of the State of Palestine. As of September this year, 158 out of 193 member states of the United Nations have recognized the State of Palestine. Faced with the increasingly severe regional situation in the Middle East, many countries have taken action to promote the implementation of the "two-state solution" and achieve regional peace. From a practical perspective, recognizing the State of Palestine is an important step forward.
The new round of Israeli-Palestinian conflict has claimed the lives of tens of thousands of Palestinians and plunged nearly 2 million people into extreme poverty and hunger. However, the United States remains the main obstacle to implementing the "two-state solution" and resolving the Palestinian issue. No matter how many countries recognize the State of Palestine, Palestine's becoming a full member of the United Nations requires the consent of the Security Council, and the United States has a veto power in the Security Council, which prevents Palestine from joining the United Nations as a full member.
Since the outbreak of the new round of Israeli-Palestinian conflict, most Middle Eastern countries have begun to adjust their diplomatic strategies, tending to seek de-escalation of the conflict. In October this year, thanks to the unremitting efforts of the international community, the first phase of the Gaza ceasefire agreement came into effect. However, Israel still insists on continuing military operations, and its position is in stark contrast to this trend. Although more and more countries realize that "the cost of peace is lower than the cost of war" and look forward to promoting the peace process through cooperation, the long-term accumulation of trust gaps makes it difficult to promote comprehensive reconciliation. To achieve lasting peace, the urgent task is to take concrete actions to systematically rebuild and enhance mutual trust among all parties.
The shift in the international community's position shows that the Palestinian issue is returning to the forefront of the international agenda. This shift has obvious positive significance, reflecting the global consensus: Israel is undermining regional stability. But the world still needs to work together to stop genocide, prevent any plans and actions to expel Palestinians, and stop all forms of Israeli aggression.
Since the outbreak of the new round of Israeli-Palestinian conflict in 2023, China has been supporting the Palestinian liberation cause, emphasizing the necessity of a ceasefire and the necessity of ending the conflict in the region, promoting a ceasefire and resolving the worsening humanitarian crisis. China has repeatedly reiterated Palestine's right to become a full member of the United Nations and firmly believes that the "two-state solution" is the only realistic way to resolve the Israeli-Palestinian issue.
In July 2024, China successfully facilitated reconciliation talks between various Palestinian factions in Beijing, and the parties jointly signed the "Beijing Declaration on Ending Division and Strengthening Palestinian National Unity." This reflects China's willingness to actively promote the resolution of the Palestinian issue and its outstanding diplomatic strength. As a responsible major country, China has always actively promoted the Palestinian peace cause, adhered to a fair position, and promoted the Israeli-Palestinian peace process with pragmatic actions. China participates deeply in the mediation of the Israeli-Palestinian issue through multilateral mediation and the proposal of systematic solutions, and its actions reflect principles, constructiveness, and sustainability. China's goal is to promote an immediate ceasefire by all parties, alleviate the humanitarian crisis, and ultimately achieve a comprehensive, just, and lasting solution to the Palestinian issue through political dialogue. China's peace efforts, together with the international wave of recognition, inject momentum into promoting a comprehensive, just, and lasting solution to the Palestinian issue.
(The author is a professor of political science at Beni Suef University (贝尼苏韦夫大学) in Egypt)
Return to TopBy: 萨布琳
I am 52 years old this year and a mother from Gaza.
I used to have a home in the Sabra neighborhood of Gaza City (加沙城萨布拉街区)—a simple dwelling sheltering a family of ten. The house was filled with the laughter of children and carried our simple dreams, until the bombs fell. In August of this year, my home collapsed in an instant. Everything disappeared under the rubble, our past, peace, and future were buried. Since then, we have been forced to run between explosions and smoke, our family weeping and trembling, trying to survive. Under the influence of the war, my children are scattered everywhere... they no longer gather around me as they used to, and the war has torn apart the bonds that once held us tightly together.
We spent days full of fear and hunger, becoming homeless, fleeing from one disaster to another. We moved to the Shati refugee camp in northern Gaza, clinging to the little hope of life we had left. But the war did not spare us, it took away the most precious part of my heart—my eldest son, Anas (阿纳斯), died in a bombing on his way to prepare food for the children, never to return. His young children—a 5-year-old son and a 3-year-old daughter—were orphaned. Anas (阿纳斯), 29, was the light of my life, and his departure left a void in my heart that devours me every moment. I call his name with tear-soaked lips, but the only response is silence, and I can only face the endless night alone.
This land is now ravaged by war, full of fear and destruction. Many people like us live in the pain of displacement. Everywhere we look, we are searching for shelter, searching for food and water, searching for even a moment of peace, while bombs follow us at all times.
Helpless, we decided to abandon everything and start to flee, but even the road to escape betrayed us. In September, we joined the crowds fleeing south, eager to find safety. At a crowded bridge on Rashid Street (拉希德街), just as we reached the head of the bridge, it suddenly collapsed. The air was filled with terrified cries, and many lives were lost in an instant. I was terrified, holding my children tightly, praying that my arms could become a shield against death, calling out my children's names again and again, fearing that more children would leave me. Fortunately, we survived in the end, but a part of us was forever broken there.
Where to go tomorrow? What will happen next? I don't know. Now, we have fled to Deir al-Balah (代尔巴拉赫市) in the central Gaza Strip (加沙地带), living in a temporary tent. We don't know how long we can stay, nor do we know where we can go next. Almost penniless, we can only receive a small amount of food at food distribution points, but this is far from enough—not enough to fill our stomachs, nor to soothe our souls.
I am a mother who has lost her home, and also a mother who has lost her beloved son. Now, I live on this land that can no longer bear blood and suffering, shouting from the bottom of my heart: Save us... We just want to live, no more death, no more loss.
Return to TopLayout design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
Return to TopBy: 邱超奕
The view of people's livelihood reflects the view of development and the view of achievements. We should both "take a broad and long-term view," maintain historical patience and a clear understanding, and "seize the day and seize the hour," enhance the sense of urgency and enterprising spirit that we can't be relieved of at all times.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五规划) proposal, when deploying the strategic tasks and major initiatives of "increasing efforts to guarantee and improve people's livelihood, and steadily promoting common prosperity for all the people," emphasizes "adhering to doing our best and acting according to our capabilities."
What is the relationship between "doing our best" and "acting according to our capabilities"? How should we grasp it in practical work? We might as well look at it from "three hearts."
Original intention – "doing our best" and "acting according to our capabilities" are both about responsibility.
The essence of doing one's best is to do it wholeheartedly, and only when the heart is there can the ability be there. "Those who rejoice in the joy of the people, the people also rejoice in their joy; those who worry about the worries of the people, the people also worry about their worries." Only by treating the affairs of the masses as their own, thinking about what the masses think, and being anxious about what the masses are anxious about, can we sincerely solve urgent, difficult, and worrying problems. A single word "尽 (jìn - do one's best)" first reflects the importance attached to people's livelihood work. If we don't pay attention to it, those trivial matters of daily life are just small things, but if we pay attention to them, we will realize that the elderly and the young, every vegetable and every meal are major events that affect hundreds of millions of families, and are "major national affairs."
Acting according to our capabilities is also intended to be responsible to the masses. The word "量 (liàng - measure)" measures the direction of people's hearts. The more we stand with the people, think together, and work together, the more we will think deeply and carefully consider things when handling affairs, and the more we must live up to the trust of the people. Some places have adopted a one-size-fits-all approach to coal-to-gas conversion for winter heating, using too much force; some are particular about ostentation and waste funds when building urban landscapes; some do not quench the thirst when implementing policies to benefit enterprises and help them, scratching the surface... It is precisely because they fail to take the people's hearts as their own and distance themselves from the masses that they change and deform in their work, causing the lessons of good intentions doing bad things and doing wrong things.
Sincerity – "doing our best" and "acting according to our capabilities" are all about seeking truth.
Whether people's livelihood work is done to the best of our ability cannot be decided by ourselves, but also depends on how the masses evaluate it. We must conduct in-depth investigations and research to find out the social conditions and public opinions. How to "measure" acting according to our capabilities? The scale cannot be subjectively judged, but must be combined with the needs of the masses and the actual work, which is also inseparable from investigation and research.
"Doing our best" and "acting according to our capabilities" both focus on "为 (wéi - do)" and "行 (xíng - act)," both of which contain the importance and methodology of investigation and research. "Those who know the house leaks are under the eaves, and those who know the political failures are in the grass." The Central Eight-Point Regulation (中央八项规定) puts "improving investigation and research" in the first place. If we do not take root in the grassroots to work hard and observe the suffering of the people, and if we do not experience the磨砺 (mólì - "tempering," trials and hardships) of "ten months of pregnancy" in investigation and research, the work will easily float on the surface, and the policy will be difficult to win the hearts of the people. Overdrawing on the future in ecological and environmental protection in exchange for short-term benefits, or engaging in "welfareism" in public services, exceeding the ability to bear, these decisions that拍脑袋 (pāi nǎo dài - "pat the head," make decisions rashly) and博眼球 (bó yǎn qiú - "win eyeballs," seek attention) may win temporary applause, but they will not stand the test of history in the end.
Looking at the drafting of the "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五规划) proposal this time, the Central Government (中央) held symposiums, the research team went to many provinces for field research, and the online solicitation of opinions collected more than 3.11 million suggestions... Combining the excellent style and scientific methods of investigation and research can maximize the accuracy of finding out where the people's hearts are and gather the strength to forge ahead.
Perseverance – "doing our best" and "acting according to our capabilities" are all about long-term planning.
Xi Jinping (习近平) made a very vivid analogy in "Zhejiang New Discourse" (之江新语): "Implementing work is like hammering nails into a wall: if the nail is not nailed to the point, the nail will be crooked; if the nail is nailed to the point, but only nailed once or twice, the nail will fall off; if the nail is nailed three or four times, the nail will still loosen after a while; only by nailing it seven or eight times can the nail be firm."
Doing our best and acting according to our capabilities, these eight characters together, also speak of the spirit of nailing nails. Whether it is desertification control, water management, urban renewal, or rural education, many people's livelihood works belong to the things that lay the foundation and benefit the long term, and are potential achievements, which cannot be completed in two or three days or even two or three years. Although it is slow to take effect in the short term, only by doing our best to do every day well and doing everything well can we ensure that the realization of long-term goals will not be derailed or dragged down. At the same time, only by acting according to our capabilities and steadily advancing towards the goal in a planned and methodical manner can we avoid贪功冒进 (tān gōng mào jìn - "greedy for success and rashly advance," be overanxious for quick results) and朝令夕改 (zhāo lìng xī gǎi - "issue orders in the morning and change them in the evening," constantly changing policies).
"Doing our best" and "acting according to our capabilities" contain profound dialectics, and the view of people's livelihood reflects the view of development and the view of achievements. "There is no end to guaranteeing and improving people's livelihood, only continuous new starting points." We should both "take a broad and long-term view," maintain historical patience and a clear understanding, and "seize the day and seize the hour," enhance the sense of urgency and enterprising spirit that we can't be relieved of at all times, hammering one hammer after another, drawing a blueprint to the end, and turning the people's yearning for a better life into reality.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 屈信明 葛孟超
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed that we should adhere to doing our best and acting according to our capabilities, strengthen inclusive, basic, and guaranteed livelihood construction, solve the urgent and difficult problems of the people, smooth social mobility channels, and improve the quality of people's lives. In recent years, under the guidance of policies, financial institutions have focused on the affairs of the people, and widely carried out the "doing practical things for the people" campaign, aiming to enhance the accessibility of financial services and better protect the people's "money bags."
Where are these measures "practical"? What is the effect? Let's listen to the voices of consumers.
Increasing people's benefits and solving people's worries, policies have warmth
[Scene]
"I heard that according to the new policy, small deposits of less than 50,000 yuan can be inherited without notarization. But when I went to the bank to handle it, it wasn't so smooth." Recently, in Qingshan District, Wuhan (武汉) City, Hubei (湖北) Province, Wang Jianjun (王建军), who is in his 80s, and his wife went to a bank outlet to handle the inheritance of a deceased relative's deposit. They thought it would be done quickly, but the bank staff told them that they could not conveniently withdraw the deposit according to the small estate inheritance method, and they needed notarized inheritance.
"At first, I was also wondering, this account doesn't have much deposit, so it should be exempt from notarization. Notarization is not only troublesome, but also costs money." Grandpa Wang (王大爷) was confused and hurriedly asked the bank staff.
"After Grandpa Wang (王大爷) raised his doubts, we further verified the deposit details and found that a social security funeral subsidy of more than 10,000 yuan was recently transferred into the account. After adding this amount, the balance exceeded 50,000 yuan." The bank staff said that after clarifying the situation, they helped Grandpa Wang (王大爷) to make a convenient withdrawal.
"According to the new policy, the limit for small deposit withdrawals for deceased depositors has been increased to 50,000 yuan. If funeral expenses and pensions are transferred into the account of the deceased depositor, the bank can handle the simplified withdrawal of funeral expenses and pensions for the first-order heirs in accordance with regulations. Funeral expenses and pensions are not included in the account limit." The bank staff explained the relevant policies to Grandpa Wang (王大爷) and guided him to use the fund source list printed by the relevant departments as supporting materials to help him quickly complete the withdrawal.
Last year, the National Financial Regulatory Administration (国家金融监督管理总局) and other departments further optimized the handling requirements for small deposit withdrawals for deceased depositors, uniformly increasing the simplified withdrawal account limit from a minimum of 10,000 yuan to 50,000 yuan, and also included gold accumulation products, treasury bonds, and wealth management products in the simplified withdrawal scope, ensuring deposit security while facilitating the public's "one-stop" handling of deposit inheritance. According to relevant notices, banking financial institutions, including rural small and medium-sized banks, will fully implement this requirement by the end of this year.
[Short comment]
The inconvenience of inheriting small deposits, whether the rights and interests of forgotten insurance policies can be realized, whether new cars can be insured with peace of mind, and whether there are convenient and effective channels for mediation and rights protection... The "key small matters" in financial services are directly related to the financial consumption experience.
In recent years, combined with the focus of consumer attention, relevant policies and service measures have been continuously optimized. For example, at the beginning of this year, the insurance industry launched the "Car Insurance Easy to Insure" platform to provide "stable underwriting" for new energy vehicle owners who encounter "difficulty in insuring" through conventional insurance methods; for another example, the Beijing (北京) Financial Regulatory Bureau promoted the establishment of the country's first joint people's mediation organization in the financial industry, integrating local people's mediation organizations, relying on the extensive layout of financial institutions, and establishing 249 "Fengqiao Studios (枫桥工作室)", ensuring that consumers can arrive at industry mediation service stations in "15 minutes" and obtain more convenient and considerate mediation services.
Focusing on the urgent and difficult problems of the people, and doing more "key small matters" that benefit the people, warm the people's hearts, and conform to the people's will, will surely allow financial consumers to have a greater sense of gain.
Preventing fraud and eliminating hidden worries, building a "firewall"
[Scene]
"Ms. Chen (陈女士), have you sent us a WeChat message? Who just replied to us 'the police have come to the door to handle it properly'?"
One evening not long ago, Yang Guang (杨珖), deputy director of the Dongzhimen Inner Street branch of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (中国工商银行) Beijing (北京) Dongcheng (东城) branch, rushed to the home of customer Ms. Chen (陈女士). As soon as he entered the door, Yang Guang's (杨珖) words made Ms. Chen (陈女士) realize that she might have been defrauded.
At 6 pm that day, the "Victim Early Warning Protection Model" independently developed by the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (中国工商银行) detected a risk information - customer Ms. Chen (陈女士) may be suffering from telecommunications fraud. The model also issued an early warning to the local public security organs and the Beijing (北京) branch of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (中国工商银行).
"After receiving the early warning, the anti-fraud work-related departments of the branch immediately launched an emergency response mechanism and contacted us to carry out dissuasion work." Yang Guang (杨珖) said that he and his colleagues tried many times to contact the customer by phone and WeChat, and received Ms. Chen's (陈女士) WeChat feedback that "I have received a call from the anti-fraud center and the police have come to the door to handle it properly, no need to assist on the spot." Yang Guang (杨珖), who was suspicious, rushed to the customer's residence. As soon as he arrived at Ms. Chen's (陈女士) home, Yang Guang (杨珖) saw that there were no police officers present and reminded Ms. Chen (陈女士) that she might have encountered fraud.
"Only then did I realize that I had been deceived. I immediately reported the loss of all my bank accounts and reported the case to the police station." Ms. Chen (陈女士) recalled that at about 5 pm, she received a call from someone claiming to be a customer service representative of a short video platform, informing her that she had opened a platform membership and would automatically deduct 800 yuan per month. "I panicked when I heard this. I didn't apply for this membership and was anxious to cancel it. The other party said that they could handle it for me online and asked me to download the relevant APP to operate, so I did so. After the bank staff came to the door to explain, I realized that the other party had remotely controlled my mobile phone through the APP, trying to steal my personal information and deposits, and also impersonated me to refuse bank staff to visit." Ms. Chen (陈女士) said.
While the bank staff reminded her, the Beijing (北京) Anti-Fraud Center simultaneously implemented a temporary stop payment on Ms. Chen's (陈女士) bank account. The public security organs and the bank jointly helped Ms. Chen (陈女士) protect her funds.
[Short comment]
The rapid development of information technology has brought many conveniences to people. However, telecommunications network fraud occurs from time to time, infringing on the people's property safety. In recent years, financial institutions have increased the application of artificial intelligence, big data and other technologies, established intelligent risk control systems, and strengthened anti-fraud work in all directions online and offline. The "Victim Early Warning Protection Model" is a positive exploration. It is based on big data risk feature analysis, introduces a black industry-specific fraud device tracking and confrontation mechanism, and accurately identifies high-risk behaviors such as "remote control" and "screen sharing."
There are many such innovative practices. The Telecommunications Network New Illegal and Criminal Transaction Risk Event Management Platform launched by China UnionPay (中国银联) continues to provide commercial banks and non-bank payment institutions with the function of transmitting instructions such as inquiry, stop payment, and freezing of involved accounts issued by public security organs. China Merchants Bank (招商银行) continues to upgrade the "Libra (天秤)" intelligent risk control platform to form a 7×24-hour real-time transaction monitoring and protection system. In the future, we should further build a full-link intelligent risk prevention and control system, improve the industry's anti-fraud infrastructure, optimize the risk information sharing mechanism, enhance the ability of financial institutions to identify and intercept suspicious transactions, and help protect the people's "money bags."
Guarding + compensation, weaving a "security net"
[Scene]
"Now, as soon as my younger brother leaves home, I can receive a reminder in time and understand his whereabouts." Wei Lin (魏林) of Xipi Street, Xinluo District, Longyan (龙岩) City, Fujian (福建) Province, said.
Wei Lin's (魏林) "younger brother" is an elderly person with mental illness, and his daily life is taken care of by his elder brother and sister-in-law for a long time. "One day at the beginning of this year, my younger brother went out alone and got lost. Fortunately, he was found by enthusiastic citizens and the police near Zhangzhou (漳州) and safely sent home." Wei Lin (魏林) said that this incident made him feel lingering fear. Not long after, the local area promoted the implementation of the "Silver Age Anju (银龄安居)" service project, and relevant staff took the initiative to come to the door to bring good news, solving Wei Lin's (魏林) problem.
"The company closely cooperates with streets and neighborhood committees to conduct on-site surveys of the home conditions of specific elderly groups and establish a 'one person, one file' information ledger. Combining Grandpa Wei's (魏爷爷) risk of getting lost and home safety hazards, we decided to install four types of alarm devices in his home: water leakage, smoke, gas leakage, and human infrared induction. Among them, the human infrared sensor can promptly remind family members of his outgoing dynamics and prevent the risk of getting lost. The security equipment cluster ensures the elderly's home safety and reduces the burden of care for family members." Said the staff of China Pacific Life Insurance (中国太保寿险) Longyan (龙岩) Central Branch.
"In the past, I was always worried that if my younger brother was alone at home, if an accident occurred, it could not be discovered in time. Now that these devices are installed, the family is much more at ease. We think this service is very considerate." Wei Lin (魏林) said.
Lin Zheng (林征), deputy director of the Longyan (龙岩) Financial Regulatory Sub-bureau, said that at the beginning of this year, the local area promoted insurance institutions to jointly implement the "Silver Age Anju (银龄安居)" service project with civil affairs departments. Insurance companies strengthen cooperation with streets, communities, and social organizations to provide free installation of an integrated "equipment + monitoring + response" intelligent home care system for elderly people who are high-aged and living alone designated by the civil affairs department, equipped with water immersion, smoke, pull rope, and unmanned infrared alarm devices to monitor the elderly's home status in real time. Once an abnormality occurs, the system will immediately trigger an alarm and a professional team will respond quickly.
It is understood that in recent years, the local area has actively promoted inclusive insurance that includes accidental risk liability protection for the elderly. The insurance industry's targeted strengthening of safety protection for the elderly is also conducive to reducing the risk of insurance accidents, reducing compensation pressure, and achieving a win-win situation for economic and social benefits.
"In the entire province, the 'Silver Age Anju (银龄安居)' project has helped many elderly people obtain emergency rescue through pull rope assistance and long-term inactivity early warning equipment." Zheng Xiufang (郑秀芳), head of the Personal Insurance Department of the Fujian (福建) Financial Regulatory Bureau, said, "Insurance institutions strengthen communication and cooperation with relevant departments, put the risk management link forward, change from 'ex-post compensation' to 'ex-ante guarding', better promote the aging-friendly transformation of homes, and improve social governance effectiveness, which is conducive to better achieving 'old-age care'."
[Short comment]
Insurance is named "insurance," and weaving a security net is the value of the industry. The "Social Responsibility Report of China's Insurance Industry (2024)" recently released by the Insurance Association of China (中国保险行业协会) shows that in 2024, 44.8935 million new long-term health insurance policies were added, and compensation expenditures were 118.777 billion yuan, an increase of 3.07% year-on-year; as of the end of 2024, the industry has built 130 elderly care community projects, an increase of 38% year-on-year; and provided personal insurance protection for more than 760 million elderly people over 60 years old, an increase of 55% year-on-year.
In recent years, the insurance industry has strengthened communication and cooperation with relevant departments, innovated social governance methods, and better helped to ensure and secure the bottom line of people's livelihood.
Ping An Property & Casualty (平安财险) cooperated with traffic management departments to investigate 1,247 high-risk road sections in counties and assisted in upgrading and transforming traffic facilities, and the number of accidents on related road sections decreased by more than 30%; China Life (中国人寿) participated in the social assistance fund service for road traffic accidents in Shanxi (山西), Shandong (山东), Shaanxi (陕西) and other places through the "government purchase of services, professional agency operation" model, and has cumulatively prepaid 1.673 billion yuan, assisting more than 41,000 people; The Beijing (北京) Financial Regulatory Bureau combined local family property insurance underwriting and claims data to draw a "risk map" to help relevant departments investigate safety hazards... Every new service and new measure demonstrates the value of the industry in serving people's livelihood security.
Chinese-style modernization puts the people's livelihood first. It is expected that financial institutions will always adhere to the people-centered value orientation, seek more benefits for the people's livelihood, solve more worries for the people's livelihood, provide more high-quality, efficient, and convenient services, and continuously enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王崟欣 葛孟超
"Everyone, look at this video, guess what in the video is real and what is fake?"
In November of this year, in the classroom of the Sanlin Sub-branch of the Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank (上海农商银行) Pudong Branch (浦东分行), a teacher was lecturing to more than 10 elderly people. At the beginning of the course, the teacher first played a short video and then posed this question.
Below the stage, the students sat around, watching and answering in a lively manner: "The stool is fake," "The pet is fake," "Could the person also be fake?"...
This is a scene from the elderly university classroom of the "Heart Home" (心家园) public welfare service project of Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank (上海农商银行). The theme of this course is "Safeguarding Your Retirement Money," and the lecturer, Ni Zuxin (倪祖欣), is a financial manager at Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank (上海农商银行) and a part-time teacher certified by the Shanghai Municipal Elderly Education System (上海市老年教育系统).
"Actually, everything that appears in the video is fake. None of it was filmed on-site but was generated by AI," Ni Zuxin (倪祖欣) revealed the answer.
Seeing that the elderly were skeptical, Ni Zuxin (倪祖欣) opened a software on the computer on the spot and entered the command "generate a video of elderly people attending a class." In less than a minute, a video that was almost indistinguishable from the real scene immediately appeared on the screen, which surprised the elderly.
"AI technology is becoming more and more developed, and online fraud methods are becoming more and more sophisticated. Using the avatars and voices of relatives and friends, they can have video chats with you. Many elderly people's money has been swindled away in this way," Ni Zuxin (倪祖欣) repeatedly reminded, "No matter what the situation, don't rush to transfer money, be sure to verify further," "Ask the other party to turn their face and blink," "Ask about the little secrets between us."
In the classroom, Fu Liangfang (傅良芳), an elderly woman, listened very carefully, taking photos with her mobile phone from time to time. When she found something particularly useful, she forwarded it to the chat group. In the past, Fu Liangfang (傅良芳) had also been defrauded, and the amount was not small. Now, her awareness of prevention is getting higher and higher. "I live nearby. I have attended every session of the 'Heart Home' (心家园) course. I am now an anti-fraud expert in the community," said Fu Liangfang (傅良芳).
Shanghai (上海) has entered a deeply aging society, and how to better meet the multi-level needs of the elderly in terms of material and spiritual aspects is becoming an issue that the whole society must face directly.
In December 2022, Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank (上海农商银行), based on extensive research and using financial means to integrate social resources, launched the "Heart Home" (心家园) public welfare service project—the elderly have the need to receive further education, and with the support of the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (上海市教委) and Shanghai Elderly University (上海老年大学), the bank is exploring the establishment of an offline systematic elderly university; focusing on the high-frequency life service needs of community families, building a home life service platform, the bank is working with communities and domestic service agencies to jointly provide life services such as dining in elderly canteens...
As of now, Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank (上海农商银行) has built more than 1,000 "Heart Home" (心家园) public welfare service stations in the city, achieving full coverage of all 216 streets and towns in the city; it has opened 120 elderly university teaching points, offering more than 140 courses, serving more than 5,000 elderly students.
"Pure public welfare operation, without charging any fees to students, is a major feature of the 'Heart Home' (心家园) public welfare service project," said Yan Chaohong (严超弘), Deputy General Manager of the Basic Customer Group Management Department of Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank (上海农商银行). The bank has established an operating model of "finance + non-finance," "offline + online," and "regular + flexible" for the project, promoting the efficient and sustainable operation of the project through the establishment of a working team, supporting management systems, the establishment of special funds, the construction of a service platform, and the formation of a professional team.
"The original intention of launching the 'Heart Home' (心家园) public welfare service project is to better play the function and role of the bank, so that inclusive finance can better serve the people and empower social governance. Over the past 3 years since the project was launched, the bank has found new opportunities in solving social pain points and difficulties, expanded new markets, and achieved the organic unity of commercial value and social functions," said Xu Li (徐力), Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank (上海农商银行). The bank will deeply practice the concept of financial services for the people, continue to promote the operation of the project, better integrate financial services into community life, create a more intelligent and caring community service platform, and help build Shanghai (上海) into a "people's city."
Return to TopAccording to reports from our newspaper, the Ministry of Finance (财政部) and the State Taxation Administration (国家税务总局) jointly issued an announcement recently, clarifying the implementation scope of relevant resource tax policies, which will take effect on December 1, 2025. The announcement mainly clarifies the implementation scope of relevant resource tax policies and collection and management issues from nine aspects, including circumstances under which resource tax is not payable, applicable tax items and taxable objects for some taxable products, the tax calculation basis for taxable products under special circumstances, legitimate reasons for obviously low transfer pricing, the definition of self-use continuous production of taxable products, tax reduction and exemption management regulations and calculation methods, and the time when the tax obligation arises for resource tax under different settlement methods. Regarding the taxable objects of resource tax, the announcement further clarifies and refines the conceptual definitions of coal raw ore, beneficiation products, salt beneficiation products, and light rare earth, medium-heavy rare earth, and other important strategic resource raw ore and beneficiation products, which are the focus of disputes between tax authorities and taxpayers in actual collection and management. Clarifying the implementation scope of relevant resource tax policies is conducive to further eliminating the implementation differences of resource tax laws between regions, avoiding collection and management disputes caused by policy understanding deviations, and providing clearer operational guidance for tax authorities and taxpayers.
(Wang Guan (王观))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 孙海天
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal suggests, "Accelerating the development of strategic emerging industry clusters such as new energy, new materials, aerospace, and the low-altitude economy." Currently, global commercial aerospace competition is becoming increasingly fierce, emerging as a new focus of competition among major powers. To further support, encourage, and regulate the high-quality and safe development of commercial aerospace, the China National Space Administration (国家航天局) recently issued the "Action Plan of the China National Space Administration (国家航天局) for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Aerospace (2025-2027)."
Commercial aerospace, as a new track for new quality productive forces, has enormous market potential. How can we further leverage the synergy between the "visible hand" and the "invisible hand," effectively integrate policy guidance with market vitality, promote rapid technological innovation and iteration, continuously reduce costs, and expand applications? How can we build a commercial aerospace industry ecosystem covering the entire chain, achieving a transformation from "follower" to "leader"? Our reporter recently conducted on-site investigations in Hainan (海南), Shandong (山东), Beijing (北京), and other places.
-- Editor
"5, 4, 3, 2, 1, ignition!" At 10:41 AM on November 10, 2025, in Dongjiao Town (东郊镇), Wenchang (文昌), Hainan (海南). The Long March 12 (长征十二号) carrier rocket, enveloped in golden flames, pierced through the clouds and soared upwards, sending the 13th group of low-Earth-orbit satellite internet satellites into their predetermined orbit.
This was the seventh successful launch since the completion and commissioning of the Hainan Commercial Space Launch Site (海南商业航天发射场). From achieving a "zero to one" breakthrough last November to setting a "two launches in five days" record this year, and now entering a new stage of high-density, normalized launches, this young aerospace "home port" is accelerating its pace.
Behind the rocket's ascent, a new commercial aerospace system centered around the launch site and integrating rocket, satellite, and data chains is rapidly taking shape on the coast of the South China Sea. It not only completes the "last piece of the puzzle" for China's (中国) entire commercial aerospace industry chain but also explores a new path of high-efficiency, low-cost, and systematic development.
Creating High-Density, Low-Cost Launch Capabilities
It took only 878 days from groundbreaking to the first launch. In 2022, when Yang Tianliang (杨天梁), Chairman of Hainan International Commercial Aerospace Launch Co., Ltd. (海南国际商业航天发射有限公司), first arrived at the project site in Wenchang (文昌), Hainan (海南), he was greeted by a dirt road extending to the coconut groves by the sea, an enclosure, and a pile driver.
At that time, domestic commercial aerospace launch demand was continuously growing, and the state approved the construction of the first commercial aerospace launch site, giving a hard target: to be capable of performing launches within two years.
To complete this task, a "youth team" with an average age of only 30 gathered here. They treated the construction site as their home, engaging in practical operations during the day and studying theory at night, racing against time.
Now, upon arriving at the launch site, one can see two launch towers standing tall. Facing the diverse range of commercial rocket models, the team boldly designed a "universal" interface for the No. 2 launch position. "Commercial aerospace must be concerned with cost and efficiency. The traditional model is 'one rocket, one position,' while the No. 2 position is China's (中国) first universal medium-sized liquid position, like a 'universal charger,' currently adaptable to more than 10 rocket companies and more than 20 different rocket models," said Yang Tianliang (杨天梁).
Efficiency comes from technological innovation. The No. 2 position innovatively adopts the internationally advanced "three-horizontal" testing and launch mode—the rocket is assembled horizontally, tested horizontally, and transported horizontally, and after arriving at the position, it is erected as a whole, and fuel can be added for launch. "This process reduces the launch preparation time from about 20 days to 10 days or even shorter," said Shou Junming (首俊明), General Manager of Wenchang Aerospace Launch Support Co., Ltd. (文昌航天发射保障有限公司). The No. 1 position, "tailor-made" for the Long March 8 (长征八号) series, has the rapid response capability of "7 days for launch, 7 days for recovery."
On the evening of November 30, 2024, the cheers celebrating the successful first flight of the Long March 12 (长征十二号) resounded through the command hall, and Yang Tianliang (杨天梁) could not hide his excitement: "Our technological innovation, verified by practice, has succeeded!"
Behind the high efficiency is a whole new set of working concepts. "We are doing standardized processes, and the daily work from rocket entry to launch is fixed to reduce human intervention," introduced Yin Jingbo (尹景波), overall scheduling engineer of Wenchang Aerospace Launch Support Co., Ltd. (文昌航天发射保障有限公司). To do a good job in high-density launch risk prevention and control, they also established a "reverse process" in the mission—returning to the previous stage to start again.
"Commercial launch speed" has both the rigor of traditional aerospace spirit and the flexibility and efficiency of commercial aerospace. "Commercial aerospace is first and foremost aerospace, and the ultimate pursuit of reliability is always the first priority," said Zhang Xiaojun (张小军), chief commander of the No. 1 launch position. "Compared with the traditional model, we iterate faster, and the goals of cost reduction and efficiency increase for all parties are highly consistent."
From "launches every month" to "scheduled launches," the blueprint for Wenchang (文昌) commercial aerospace has been drawn. Not long ago, the second phase of the Hainan Commercial Launch project officially started, planning to build two new launch positions, No. 3 and No. 4, which are expected to be capable of launching by the end of 2026, when the total annual launch capacity of the launch site is expected to reach more than 60 launches.
Building an Industrial Closed Loop of "Launch Upon Leaving the Factory"
"The launch site is like a dock, the rocket is like a ship, and the satellite is the cargo. Once the dock is built, the ship and cargo will naturally come," said Peng Xiaobo (彭小波), Chairman of iSpace (星际荣耀航天科技集团), explaining the development logic of Hainan (海南) commercial aerospace of "bringing industry with the site."
"We are innovating the industrial system and collaborating with a group of leading enterprises to produce and build a pipeline model of 'launch upon leaving the factory,'" said Wang Fengyu (王凤宇), Deputy Director of Wenchang International Aerospace City Administration (文昌国际航天城管理局).
Walking into the iSpace Industrial Park (星箭产业园), only a few kilometers away from the launch tower, a "front store and back factory" industrial ecosystem is taking shape in Wenchang International Aerospace City (文昌国际航天城).
In October 2025, the iSpace Carrier Rocket Assembly and Testing Reusable Factory (Phase I) (星际荣耀运载火箭总装总测复用工厂（一期）), only a few kilometers away from Hainan Commercial Launch (海南商发), was completed. This is China's (中国) first comprehensive factory focusing on the "assembly, testing, and reuse" of carrier rockets.
"Choosing Hainan (海南) is based on long-term technical considerations," Peng Xiaobo (彭小波) explained that reusability is the key to reducing launch costs, and sea recovery is safer and has less capacity loss than land recovery. "The cost of a rocket's first stage accounts for more than 70%. If it can be recovered and reused, the launch cost is expected to be reduced to 1/5 of that of traditional rockets. Wenchang (文昌) is surrounded by the sea on three sides, with open launch directions, making it an ideal place for sea recovery," said Peng Xiaobo (彭小波).
Peng Xiaobo (彭小波) told reporters that in the past, the transportation cost of a rocket from Beijing (北京) to Wenchang (文昌) was about 3 million yuan, but now it has achieved "going to the tower upon leaving the factory." In August of this year, China's (中国) first carrier rocket recovery ship "Interstellar Homecoming" (星际归航) independently built by iSpace (星际荣耀) was launched, and a full-process closed loop of "launch-recovery-testing-reuse" is gradually forming in Wenchang (文昌).
The leading enterprises of the "rocket chain" have come one after another, driving the accelerated layout of the "satellite chain." In the iSpace Industrial Park (星箭产业园), the main structure of Asia's largest "satellite super factory" has been capped and is expected to be completed and put into production by the end of the year. In the future, after the satellites are offline here, they can take rockets into the sky a few kilometers away. "At present, we are promoting the construction of a global satellite assembly, integration, and testing headquarters base to create a shared assembly, integration, and testing factory for the world to support the mass production of 500 kg satellites," said Yuan Shiying (袁世英), Deputy Mayor of Wenchang (文昌).
On the data chain, "aerospace +" application scenarios are also constantly expanding. The Wenchang Aerospace Supercomputing Center (文昌航天超算中心), which has been put into operation, provides data computing power support for hundreds of users at home and abroad and is moving towards the goal of "launching is operating and data is service." Relying on the policy advantages of the free trade port "data security and orderly flow," the "Lancang-Mekong Satellite Remote Sensing Data Center (澜沧江—湄公河卫星遥感数据中心)" has been built here, the Thailand (泰国) low-latency cross-border data special line, a meteorological data service contract signed with the Hong Kong (香港) Observatory, and the first domestic meteorological satellite data export has been realized.
The increasingly perfect "rocket chain, satellite chain, and data chain" has attracted the gathering of upstream and downstream enterprises. "For the Long March 8 (长征八号) launch, we provided a full set of special fuel and special gas products," introduced the person in charge of Hainan Jiufeng Energy Co., Ltd. (海南九丰能源有限公司). As a supporting project of the launch site, the company built a factory in Wenchang (文昌) to provide a stable "grain and grass" guarantee for high-density launches. Today, more than 700 aerospace enterprises have settled in Wenchang International Aerospace City (文昌国际航天城), and an efficient, collaborative, open, and shared "industrial rainforest" is flourishing.
Aerospace New Business Forms Release Spillover Effects
What is the secret to the rapid rise of Hainan (海南) commercial aerospace?
"We have three obvious development advantages: location advantages, policy advantages, and industrial ecological advantages," said Yuan Shiying (袁世英). Wenchang (文昌) is located at 19 degrees north latitude, and the lower latitude can increase the carrying capacity of the same type of rocket by 10% to 15%; the free trade port policies such as "zero tariff, low tax rate, and simple tax system" are very attractive to high-investment aerospace enterprises; the special measures to relax market access specially issued by the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) and the Ministry of Commerce (商务部) provide a solid guarantee for Hainan (海南) to build a world-class commercial aerospace launch site.
What Hainan (海南) commercial aerospace strings together is not just stars and arrows. The most direct change is the popularity of "aerospace + cultural tourism." Every rocket launch attracts a large number of tourists to Wenchang (文昌). Since the Wenchang Space Launch Site (文昌航天发射场) was put into use in 2016, the scale of accommodation and catering industries in Longlou Town (龙楼镇), the "aerospace town," has continued to expand.
On the morning of November 10, at the Yaoguang Rocket Viewing Platform (瑶光火箭观礼平台) in Dongjiao Town (东郊镇), Wenchang (文昌), only two kilometers away from the launch site, more than a thousand tourists witnessed the shocking moment of the rocket launch together. "Watching the rocket launch live, the shock is beyond words!" said a tourist from Beijing (北京) excitedly. The Wenchang Aerospace Science Popularization Center (文昌航天科普中心) not far away is also crowded with people. After the upgrade and transformation, the exhibition area has been expanded to more than 6,700 square meters, and 46 exhibits and interactive projects, such as the 1:1 restored space station Tianhe core module, intra- and extravehicular spacesuits, and VR lunar walks, make it a "galactic paradise."
The application of aerospace technology is also empowering thousands of industries. In Sanya (三亚), "space seeds" carried by satellites are being selected and bred in the Nanfan base; in Haikou (海口), low-altitude logistics drones relying on Beidou data fly across the sea... From a launch site to an industrial cluster to an open and innovative ecosystem. Hainan (海南) is transforming geographical advantages and policy advantages into industrial advantages and development advantages.
Starting from this coastal hot land, rockets and satellites carrying dreams are constantly refreshing the new height of space exploration, injecting a steady stream of power into building a strong aerospace country.
Return to TopBy: 李君强
As a sports event jointly hosted by Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, the 15th National Games embodies the whole-process linkage of resource sharing and achievement co-creation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and has also become a vivid practice of using large-scale scenarios to drive large-scale innovation and using large-scale industries to support a great future.
At the opening ceremony of the 15th National Games, two unusual flames lit up the scene. One flame came from a cold spring vent 1,522 meters deep in the South China Sea. Researchers remotely controlled the "Hai Ma" (海马) ("Seahorse") submersible to collect combustible ice and associated gas, which was depressurized and decomposed to produce methane. Then, the electricity generated by photovoltaic power was sent to the seabed to realize the "light of the sky" igniting the "fire of the sea." The other was a virtual flame presented in the form of electric light, water, and mist on the main torch tower, which was light and pure.
The two beams of technological "fire" illuminated the night sky and also illuminated the surging momentum of innovation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Beyond sports competition, the 15th National Games has become a grand stage for technological innovation. Humanoid robots "collaborated in groups" to play ancient ceremonial music; the event's intelligent assistant used a digital human image to realize voice interaction and Q&A; the "event free-view system" comprehensively used cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies to provide the audience with a brand-new viewing experience; and the micro-nano passive cooling coating equipped volunteer stations with "zero electricity bill air conditioning"... Inside and outside the stadium, the sense of technology is evident everywhere.
From the window of the 15th National Games, we can see the internal logic of China's continuous breakthroughs in technological innovation.
Giving full play to the advantages of the new type of national system and accelerating the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology are more confident. To accomplish great things and overcome difficulties, concentrating strength is the key. The "source fire" at the opening ceremony was achieved by a scientific and technological research team led by the Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey (广州海洋地质调查局), which united universities, enterprises, and other entities to tackle key problems, and finally realized deep-sea collection and stable combustion. The emergence of innovative achievements relies on the national "coordinated chessboard" style of power integration and organization and mobilization.
Giving play to the advantages of China's super-large-scale market and rich application scenarios provides more test fields and application fields for scientific and technological innovation achievements. The intelligent transportation command system can be widely used in urban transportation operations; the AI scroll and mobile large screen designed around the opening ceremony provide new technologies for cultural tourism performances and cultural consumption... These future-oriented technologies "promote trials through competitions," which greatly shortens the product iteration cycle. Rich application scenarios effectively reduce the cost of innovation and entrepreneurship and promote the accelerated transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productivity.
Develop new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions and continuously shape new momentum and new advantages. The elements of scientific and technological innovation in the 15th National Games reflect the Greater Bay Area's strategic layout for future industries and new quality productive forces. Looking at the whole country, various regions are also accelerating the promotion of total factor productivity and the expansion of new momentum and new advantages by developing new quality productive forces. Beijing (北京) gathers national strategic scientific and technological forces and focuses on forging long boards in basic and cutting-edge fields; Shenzhen (深圳) has an efficient industry-university-research transformation system to help scientific and technological achievements "take root"; Hangzhou (杭州) takes the digital economy as the starting point to promote industrial upgrading... Developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions means that technological innovation is no longer a single-point breakthrough, but an overall leap "from one technology to one industry, and from one industry to one ecosystem."
As a sports event jointly hosted by Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, the 15th National Games embodies the whole-process linkage of resource sharing and achievement co-creation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, and has also become a vivid practice of using large-scale scenarios to drive large-scale innovation and using large-scale industries to support a great future. China is cultivating and strengthening new quality productive forces with more adequate institutional advantages, greater market space, and more abundant innovation vitality, accelerating the realization of high-level self-reliance and self-improvement in science and technology, and promoting new achievements in high-quality development.
Return to TopChina's cities continue to strengthen their advantages in the global innovation landscape.
Recently, the "Global Science and Technology Innovation Center Index 2025" report, jointly compiled by the Research Center for Industries Development and Environmental Governance of Tsinghua University (清华大学) and Nature Research Intelligence, was released. The index uses 30 indicators to evaluate 113 international science and technology innovation center participating cities and 12 micro-science and technology innovation center participating cities. The report shows that China's cities continue to strengthen their advantages in the global innovation landscape. Among the top 10 cities (metropolitan areas) in the evaluation ranking, Beijing (北京) has ranked among the top three for four consecutive years, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) has jumped to fourth place, and Shanghai (上海) ranks tenth. In addition, Beijing (北京) topped the science center dimension for the first time, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) jumped to second place in the innovation highland dimension. A total of 21 Chinese cities (metropolitan areas) were selected into the global top 100 this time.
(Liu Shiyao (刘诗瑶))
2025 International Artificial Intelligence Scientists Conference Held
The 2025 International Artificial Intelligence Scientists Conference was held in Beijing (北京) recently. This conference was jointly organized by Beijing Zhongguancun College (北京中关村学院) and Zhongguancun Institute of Artificial Intelligence (中关村人工智能研究院), together with Tsinghua University (清华大学) and Westlake University (西湖大学), and co-organized by the University of Chicago (美国芝加哥大学). Participating experts from home and abroad jointly explored the evolution of artificial intelligence from a scientific research auxiliary tool to an "intelligent scientific research partner." In the achievement release session, Beijing Zhongguancun College (北京中关村学院) and Zhongguancun Institute of Artificial Intelligence (中关村人工智能研究院) officially released a scientific research intelligent body system to help cultivate scientific research talents throughout the entire process. The system is driven by the dual engines of "meta-scientific insight" and "scholar digital twin." Among them, "meta-scientific insight" will enable scientific research intelligent bodies to understand scientific logic, identify potential problems, and predict research frontiers; "scholar digital twin" can understand scientific research styles, cognitive preferences, and growth rhythms, providing personalized support and collaborative optimization.
(Gu Yekai (谷业凯))
Large Model Security Assessment System Escorts the Development of Artificial Intelligence
Recently, NSFOCUS Technologies Group (绿盟科技集团) released a number of large model security products, including a large model security assessment system and an artificial intelligence security all-in-one machine. Among them, the large model security assessment system can perform automated deep scans on multiple mainstream large models to accurately discover risks such as adversarial attacks, data leakage, and component vulnerabilities; the artificial intelligence security all-in-one machine integrates key capabilities such as sensitive data leakage prevention and refined computing power scheduling. In recent years, NSFOCUS Technologies (绿盟科技) has continued to deepen application innovation and product implementation. In terms of artificial intelligence security, it has promoted the integration of intelligent capabilities into traditional security products. At the same time, it has followed the trend of large model applications and launched a series of innovative solutions.
(He Xu (何旭))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 刘军国
In people's minds, typhoons seem to be a "special product" of summer. But in fact, typhoons can form in all seasons. To study and prevent typhoons, scientists need to constantly "deal" with them.
In mid-June of this year, Professor Li Peiliang (李培良) and his team from the College of Oceanography of Zhejiang University (浙江大学海洋学院) controlled an unmanned sailing vessel, "Albatross" (信天翁), to enter the eye of Typhoon No. 1 "Choi-wan" from the north, and then exited from the southeast of the typhoon eye more than half an hour later. During this period, the vessel withstood a maximum wind force of 44 knots (approximately 81 kilometers per hour), and not only was it unscathed, but it also mastered complete "first-hand information" on meteorology, ocean waves, and other aspects during the typhoon's movement.
This is the first successful use of an unmanned marine vehicle to actively cross the eye of a typhoon to carry out air-sea interface observations in China's marine meteorological history, obtaining "first-hand information" on the structure and changes of typhoons, which is crucial for improving the accuracy of typhoon forecasts. On July 20 this year, "Albatross" successfully crossed the core wind area of Typhoon No. 6 "Wipha" this year. In the future, humans will have more means to "take the pulse" of the ocean.
Mimicking the shape of a killer whale to reduce the sailing resistance of unmanned sailing vessels.
In 2014, during the typhoon research process, in order to accurately explore the impact of mesoscale eddies on modal water dissipation, Li Peiliang (李培良) painstakingly deployed 17 buoys. However, the buoys had no power and could only drift with the waves. In order to keep these buoys in the vortex, the team spent nearly two years designing a solution. "At that time, I was thinking about developing an intelligent buoy that can move actively, be commanded by us, and accurately reach the target sea area," said Li Peiliang (李培良).
In 2021, Li Peiliang (李培良) formed the Marine Process and Equipment Team of the Hainan Research Institute of Zhejiang University (浙江大学海南研究院), and began to develop the vessel. The hull shape was the first challenge the team faced. Most traditional underwater unmanned vehicles are torpedo-shaped, designed for underwater navigation. This unmanned sailing vessel needs to sail on the surface and submerge underwater, so what should the shape be designed as?
"We later discovered that killer whales can move quickly underwater and on the surface of the sea," said Li Peiliang (李培良). After a large number of simulations, the team was pleasantly surprised to find that mimicking the shape of a killer whale can reduce the sea surface sailing resistance by 28% while keeping the underwater resistance basically unchanged.
After the shape was determined, mold manufacturing became another major challenge. "A brand-new fiberglass hull requires precise molds, and opening such steel molds is very expensive, with one mold possibly costing millions of yuan," said Li Peiliang (李培良). He decided to do it himself. Based on 3D printing, they spent more than a month building it by hand. In this way, the hull of the first-generation "Albatross" was born.
Why is the unmanned sailing vessel named "Albatross"? Li Peiliang (李培良) explained that the albatross is considered the bird that best utilizes wind on Earth and can predict the weather.
Effectively utilizing wind, with a cumulative test duration of 2200 hours.
After the first-generation "Albatross" was born, what awaited was a long "training session." "In fact, building a ship is not difficult, the difficulty lies in how to make it survive in extreme environments," said Li Peiliang (李培良). Sometimes, a complete simulated ship would go out and come back with parts missing or the sail damaged.
The first-generation "Albatross" considered very complex functions. Li Peiliang (李培良) introduced that in continuous experiments, the team gradually realized that the difficulty was "how to effectively utilize wind."
Over three years, members of the Li Peiliang (李培良) team tested and modified the "Albatross" while testing, with a cumulative test duration of 2200 hours. Until the beginning of this year, the various parameters of the "Albatross" in the sea training became stable, and it no longer "fell apart" in strong wind tests.
Knowing that Typhoon "Choi-wan" was coming, the first thing Li Peiliang (李培良) did every morning was to open the real-time typhoon path release system. After Typhoon "Choi-wan" gradually formed, the team placed the second-generation "Albatross" 530 kilometers north of it and started this mission. In the following days, everyone took turns on duty 24 hours a day.
At 0:28 am on June 13, "Albatross" entered the eye of the typhoon. Some people stared at their mobile phones to pay attention to the typhoon's direction, while others stared at the computer's digital background, adjusting the position of the vessel at any time. "Success!" Everyone cheered at the moment of crossing the typhoon eye.
So far, China has taken an important step in the field of marine meteorological monitoring. The application of "Albatross" can help accurately understand the exchange of material and energy at the air-sea interface, and improve the accuracy of typhoon forecasting and disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities.
This is an adventure, but also a rigorous scientific experiment. "Through this natural testing ground of typhoons, we need to carry out targeted operations to test the downwind sailing, upwind sailing, and crosswind sailing of unmanned sailing vessels," said Li Peiliang (李培良).
Departing towards the farther deep blue, to meet the challenges of more extreme marine-air environments.
The second-generation "Albatross" successfully crossed the eye of Typhoon "Choi-wan", but it also exposed problems such as the small size of the hull and limited load capacity. Based on this, the design goals of the third-generation machine became clear, and the team completed the finalization in only about a month.
"The third generation is about 1.5 meters longer than the second generation. More importantly, we have integrated the entire sailing boat control system to make it more resistant to wind." At the same time, the structure of the sail has also been upgraded from the standard style to withstand the huge wind stress in typhoons. In addition, the third-generation machine is also equipped with a wind profile radar, two cameras, and two satellite communication antennas, becoming a true "mobile marine laboratory."
At present, the improved third-generation "Albatross" is ready to go, preparing to challenge the long-distance navigation and transfer under harsh sea conditions from Guangdong (广东) to Hainan (海南). The team's eyes have already turned to the farther deep blue. "Every accessory we are making now, including communication antennas, motors, and pressure-resistant cabins, is designed according to the standard of pressure resistance exceeding 1000 meters underwater, and the materials used are titanium alloys," said Li Peiliang (李培良). All of this is to prepare for the goal of achieving global navigation and kilometer-level diving in the future.
In the future, "Albatross" will start its "round-the-world trip" from one of the most severe sea areas in the world - the Westerlies, to meet the challenges of more extreme marine-air environments. 等风来 (děng fēng lái - "waiting for the wind to come," waiting passively for an opportunity), it is better to chase the wind," said Li Peiliang (李培良).
(Liu Jiaru (刘珈如) participated in the writing)
Return to TopBy: 李青松
My research focuses on ecological literature, which is essentially an emotional expression towards nature. This emotional expression particularly needs details to carry and embody it. In ecological literary creation, writers deeply reflect on various ecological crises and explore the deep roots of the tense relationship between humans and nature. While these are important, they are not the primary function of ecological literature.
Today, in the 21st century, what does destroying nature mean? How important is it to protect nature? Everyone understands these principles. But simply understanding is not enough; what is important is action, is change. Action and change need to start with each individual. We need to bend down and carefully observe the land beneath our feet—because what happens on the land beneath our feet is what happens to the Earth.
In late autumn, the rice has already been harvested, and the rice paddies are very desolate. In one corner of the rice paddy, however, there is a clump of rice that was missed by the farmers during the harvest. From a distance, it looks like the work of a careless, sloppy farmer; but upon closer inspection, that clump of rice holds a secret—oh, there is a bird's nest, and the chicks inside are chirping.
Immediately, I understood the farmer's intention. Although I still don't know the farmer's name, my respect for him has arisen spontaneously.
During the summer vacation, my friend Lin Qiang (林强) went on vacation to another place. Before leaving, his SUV was parked in his own yard. After returning from vacation, he prepared to wash the car and drive it to work clean. When he came to the car with a rag, he found a bird's nest between the two windshield wipers, with 5 bird eggs in the nest. Soon after, the bird mother returned to forage—it was an Oriental Turtle Dove.
Lin Qiang (林强) smiled, and he didn't touch the bird's nest or the eggs inside. He thought to himself, let's drive this car after the dove hatches the chicks. So, from that day on, Lin Qiang (林强) walked to and from work. It wasn't until the baby doves hatched, and the wings of the 5 baby doves became stronger day by day, and finally grew feathers, and flew away with the dove mother, that he resumed driving.
There is a river next to the city where I live, and calamus, reeds, and water onions grow along the riverbank. An old man is swimming in the river. From a distance, his gray hair looks like a clump of withered grass drifting on the river. The old man's name is Gu Liang (顾亮), a former postal worker, now 78 years old, and retired for many years. He has a cheerful personality and likes to exercise. When conditions permit, he exercises by swimming, using a frog-like breaststroke, swimming 1000 meters every day.
At this time, under the sunlight, the river water is shimmering with white light. The old man is not alone. When he swims, groups of fish swim in front of and behind him. Occasionally, one or two fish jump out of the water, playfully drawing arcs and making some splashes. A white egret flies over and simply lands on that clump of "withered grass," looking around. The old man continues to swim as usual, without driving it away. Perhaps the egret is already familiar with the old man—is that clump of withered grass its occasional resting island? Or is it its frequently resting mobile nest?
The egret cannot stand firmly, and its tail wags. The egret flies up, flaps its wings a few times in the air, and then folds them back and lands on that clump of withered grass again. The old man swims forward, constantly blowing air from his mouth, and the splashes of water fall on the egret's feathers. The egret shakes off the water droplets and continues to stand on that clump of withered grass, looking relaxed and content.
Seeing this scene by the river, I quickly took this precious photo with my mobile phone.
300 meters south of the Jingxiong Expressway Yongding River (永定河) Grand Bridge, there is a fine sand cliff, which may pose a flood prevention hazard in summer. In June 2024, the bulldozers of Beijing Construction Engineering Group (北京建工集团), which was tasked with removing the hidden danger, came to remove the fine sand cliff and carry out slope protection construction. However, unexpectedly, there were more than 150 round holes in the fine sand cliff, and these round holes turned out to be the nests of sand martins—filled with furry little heads. At that time, it was the breeding season for sand martins, and more than 200 chicks had not yet left the nest. If construction were carried out according to the original plan, it would endanger the lives of the little swallows. What to do? At a critical moment, leaders and experts arrived, conducted on-site surveys, conducted on-site research, and finally made a decision to suspend construction. Bulldozers and construction personnel were orderly withdrawn, and the site was temporarily sealed off with warning tapes, prohibiting any human activity from interfering with the breeding sand martins. Construction would resume after the sand martin breeding season ended and the young birds learned to fly and migrated away from here.
What is the situation here now? Not long ago, I went here to find out and learned that the construction unit had formulated another plan—building a cofferdam around the fine sand cliff and building a wetland park (the small fish, shrimps, and aquatic insects in the wetland became food for the sand martins). In other words, this sand martin habitat will be permanently preserved.
Over the years, I have constantly encountered such stories in my interviews, which have made me feel time and time again that the key issue of ecology lies in handling "relationships" well: the relationship between people, the relationship between people and society, the relationship between people and nature, and even the relationship between all things and the Earth. Our development cannot be at the expense of nature, but must unswervingly adhere to the path of sustainable development and ecological civilization. This is also what ecological literature needs to focus on most.
Although the era we live in is characterized by intelligence and big data, its fundamental characteristic should still be "green" and "beauty." "Green" is the mode of development and lifestyle, and "beauty" is the goal of development and also the goal of life. "Beauty" also contains words such as happiness, peace, health, and well-being—these are the fundamental things we pursue.
Who can say that these scenes before my eyes are not the most vivid and vivid display of "Beautiful China"?
Return to TopBy: 王乾荣
Recently, I saw a video online titled "From Screen Goddess to Single Mother: A Tumultuous Life," which told the story of a certain movie star from the 1970s and 80s.
The word "goddess" in the video touched my thoughts. I remembered Cao Zhi (曹植) describing the goddess of the Luo River in "Ode to the Luo River Goddess." Although Cao Zhi (曹植) did not write the word "goddess," the radiant Luo River goddess he depicted is undoubtedly one of the most famous goddesses in literary works. The original meaning of "goddess" refers to female deities—those with both wisdom and beauty are more in line with people's imagination, which is fine. Later, people gradually borrowed it to describe outstanding women in the world—being able to win this honor represents extremely high praise and affirmation.
I admired the aforementioned movie star's performance back then, but I didn't think she was the best among actresses. I have never regarded several other female artists of her generation, whom I greatly admire, as "goddesses"—in that era, they were "literary and art workers," and there was no such thing as "deification."
However, in today's online environment, "deification" has become commonplace. Regardless of the level of achievement or moral character, as long as there is a slight highlight, or if it occasionally touches the emotions of netizens, they are easily given the title of "god"—"great god," "goddess," "male god," "divine work," and "eternal god" are flying everywhere. For example, the title of "goddess" has become 司空见惯 (sī kōng jiàn guàn - "commonly seen," a common occurrence; nothing new), and can almost be used on any actress or female internet celebrity with acceptable looks. This kind of grand, inappropriate, and arbitrary "deification" has vaguely become a malady of online language.
When praise is given so easily, the power of praise itself is severely diluted. Random and exaggerated praise is not only likely to be reduced to a cheap label, but may also simplify or even eliminate the evaluation process that should be based on facts. Why is a female actor excellent? What aspects of her acting are outstanding? What qualities does her personal charm stem from? What beneficial enlightenment does her success bring us? All of these slightly deeper thoughts are obscured by a simple and domineering "goddess" label. Furthermore, exaggerated labeling also reflects a lack of intellectual power and a conformist laziness. Because this evaluation method is not conducive to the formation of a rational and objective discussion atmosphere, it will make people accustomed to simple worship or slander, rather than fact-based analysis and criticism.
In the internet age, some media like to attract attention in the fastest and most intense way. Words like "amazing" and "excellent" are considered too bland, while words that express extreme emotions, such as "god," "king bomb," and "ceiling," are intense and powerful enough to have sufficient impact. Some people know this well, and they use extreme words to praise idols (or pseudo-idols) in order to cater to the enthusiasm of fans and exchange it for clicks and reposts—this is the "eyeball economy" they are pursuing.
What impact will this have? At the very least, it will dissolve the meaning of praise, because people see that praise is so random, exaggerated, and even untrue. Furthermore, it may obscure those figures who deserve attention—those scientists, artists, and engineers who have made outstanding contributions in their respective fields, those with noble character who are beneficial to the world and people's hearts, and those workers who silently dedicate themselves in ordinary positions, all deserve to be respected, paid attention to, and praised—unfortunately, in many cases, people often easily give their attention and respect to those so-called online "great gods."
Perhaps some will say that these phenomena are just a natural process of language evolution in the internet age, and will slowly improve. I hope so, so let us start with ourselves and strive to make the use of language more objective and more beautiful.
Return to TopBy: 朱顺清
The stage is located in the middle of the village. The platform base is made of bluestone, and the stage surface is covered with thick wooden boards. Four *Phoebe zhennan* wood pillars hold up a piece of sky and earth. At first glance, it looks dignified and imposing.
As night falls, the warm-up drumbeats sound. The villagers hurriedly gather in front of the stage from the fields, from the streams, and from the places where cooking smoke curls up.
The gongs and drums are loud, and the suona horns play loudly. The actors, dressed in costumes, perform stories of joys and sorrows on the stage: Zhang Sheng who climbs over the wall, Luo Fu who picks mulberry leaves, Dou E who cries out for injustice, Liu Hai who chops firewood... What about the villagers offstage? They watch attentively, sometimes laughing, sometimes sighing, everyone immersed in the wonderful world of opera...
This is what the village used to look like. In the 1990s, the young people in the village went south to work, and then the middle-aged people followed. Only some old people were left in the village, guarding a few acres of thin fields and that lonely stage.
The stage is piled with dead leaves. Two ancient camphor trees, leaning on either side of the stage, maintain their posture of listening to the opera, regardless of whether you sing or not. Their annual rings have circled round and round.
Ten years ago, the village had asphalt roads and solar street lights installed, which greatly changed its appearance, but the stage remained lonely. The old people who wandered around the stage every day, with the pension money sent back by their children in their pockets, always felt like they had lost their souls, their eyes empty. Some old people simply went to the city with their children. Only Old Man Yang from the west end of the village stubbornly refused to go to the city. He always hobbled over alone with his crutches at dusk, sitting foolishly on the stone in front of the stage, until the twilight gradually swallowed the stage.
Will the lonely stage always be like this?
Ma Ping (马平), who used to lie in front of the stage watching operas as a child, worked outside for several years in cultural tourism planning. Responding to the government's call, he returned to the village. After circling the dilapidated stage several times, Ma Ping's eyes became brighter and brighter.
"This stage is the soul of our village!" He slapped his thigh and began to prepare to rebuild the stage.
After Old Man Yang (杨老爹) found out, he made several phone calls and called the old people of the village back. The old people took out the pension money given by their children, but Ma Ping (马平) smiled and turned them all away. The money came from the project, and everyone worked together. So, cleaning moss, repairing stage boards, painting pillars, hanging lanterns... The old people couldn't move heavy objects, so they sat aside and handed tools, their eyes burning, as if they were repairing not the stage, but their lost days.
The reopening of the stage was unprecedented. Big red lanterns were hung high, and energy-saving electric lights illuminated the stage brightly. The city's Huaguxi Opera Troupe sang the songs they were most familiar with, "Liu Hai Cuts Firewood," "Beating the Gong," and "Mending the Pot" for the old people. As soon as the gongs and drums sounded, the gray-haired heads under the stage raised together. Mixed among them were many middle-aged people who had rushed back after hearing the news and curious students looking around. Ma Ping (马平) helped Old Man Yang (杨老爹) sit in the first row. As soon as Liu Hai (刘海) sang "Sister Hu, you are my wife," tears rolled down from Old Man Yang's (杨老爹) cloudy eyes.
Since then, the stage has really come alive, and it belongs to every ordinary day. There are performances in the village every week, sometimes by professional troupes invited in, and more often by villagers who write, direct, and perform themselves. The younger ones dance square dances, the old men beat the gongs and drums, and the suona horns blow the ordinary days into a hot and lively state. Under the stage, popularity has gathered again, with laughter, discussions, and the hawking of sweet rice wine intertwined and boiling.
On a late autumn night, another opera ended. The crowd gradually dispersed, and the air was still filled with a mixture of tobacco and dust. Ma Ping (马平) walked last, and when he looked back, he saw Old Man Yang (杨老爹) still standing in the middle of the stage, looking up at the brightest light. The light stretched his figure very long, projecting straight onto the brand-new stage boards.
Ma Ping (马平) did not disturb him. He understood that the bottomless hole in the old man's heart had now been filled inch by inch by the bustling gongs and drums, the familiar tunes, and the lights that had been relit on the stage.
On the stage, what is performed is opera; under the stage, what is lived is life. This stage, which has become lively again, is, in the final analysis, just to keep the local customs of this world from ever fading, isn't it?
Return to TopOil painting "Morning Snow," by Han Jingsheng (韩景生), collection of the National Art Museum of China (中国美术馆).
Return to TopBy: 吴安钦
Mabi Town (马鼻镇) in Lianjiang County (连江县), Fujian (福建) Province, is the "Oyster Town" on the west coast of Luoyuan Bay (罗源湾), blessed with unique marine resources. The oyster cake here, round like a full moon and the size of a palm, is golden in color, with a crispy crust and a delicious filling. It is the most beloved local snack for people along the Luoyuan Bay (罗源湾).
Making oyster cakes is a time-honored craft. The main ingredients are rice and soybeans, mixed in a ratio of seven parts rice to three parts beans. After soaking for several hours, they are washed clean and slowly ground into a milky yellow "batter." Add an appropriate amount of salt and monosodium glutamate to the batter and mix well. Then, prepare freshly harvested oysters, local snow-white shredded radish, a little celery and chopped green onion, and you can start frying. The frying process is very particular. First, heat the iron spoon in the oil pan to prevent sticking. After taking it out, quickly spread a layer of batter on the bottom of the spoon, add the mixed shredded radish, celery, chopped green onion, and oysters, then wrap a layer of batter to seal the filling, and then slowly put it into the pot. The moment the hot oil meets the batter, a "sizzling" sound constantly comes from the pot. Before long, the oyster cake will be coated in a golden crust and gradually detach from the iron spoon, eventually floating up from the oil.
The freshly fried oyster cake is fragrant. Taking a bite produces a "crunch" sound. The crust is crispy, the inside is warm, and the flavors of vegetables and oysters are perfectly integrated, making it fresh and delicious. Locals like to eat oyster cakes as a side dish for breakfast porridge. If you can pair it with a bowl of guobianhu (锅边糊), it is simply a delicious dish that you will never tire of.
In Mabi Town (马鼻镇), oyster cake is not only a food, but also a cultural symbol and emotional bond. When the villagers celebrate weddings or host banquets for distinguished guests, the first "dish" served is oyster cake. This has become a local custom of hospitality. During festivals, people who have left their hometown return one after another, and the busiest place is in front of the oyster cake stalls. People consciously line up, patiently waiting for the oyster cakes to come out of the pot. Just the aroma that enters the noses of those in line can make people swallow their saliva. Many people chew in their mouths, hold in their hands, and also pack several pieces in bags to take away. That satisfaction is as if they have eaten some rare delicacies.
People from Mabi Town (马鼻镇) always bring a dozen oyster cakes when they go out, so that the taste of their hometown accompanies them on their journey. This seemingly ordinary snack has even traveled across the ocean to comfort the homesickness of overseas students. One year, before the Spring Festival, a student studying in Canada called and asked his father to send him some oyster cakes by express delivery. After more than 10 hours of air travel, this batch of Mabi Town (马鼻镇) oyster cakes finally appeared on the table in a foreign country.
The oyster cake stalls in the streets and alleys, the sizzling sound of frying, and the aroma that spreads everywhere constitute a unique landscape of Mabi Town (马鼻镇). This is an irresistible temptation, a deep-rooted homesickness, it lets us understand that no matter how far we go, the taste of home is always missed.
Return to TopBy: 孙翠翠
National Highway 334 is like a ribbon, winding and stretching between the Tianfozhi Mountain (天佛指山) on the eastern foot of Changbai Mountain (长白山). High in the mountains are dense forests of red pine and Mongolian oak, the growing place of matsutake mushrooms.
Stepping out of the car, the mountain wind, carrying a chill, rushed towards me. The shadows of the trees flickered under the headlights, like a memorable time gently swaying before my eyes. Today, I finally met my interview subject—a Korean "Mushroom Elder" named Yin Hucheng (银虎成). I have always wanted to open a door through this old man, letting him take me into that secret realm in the forest full of matsutake. But disappointingly, Yin Hucheng (银虎成) told me that I had already missed this season's matsutake. Half a month ago, the last matsutake in the forest had been picked. So, I had to sit down and listen to Yin Hucheng (银虎成) tell his stories about matsutake.
The forestry personnel present introduced that, to this day, humans have successfully "domesticated" enoki mushrooms with fine hairs, achieving industrialized production, and can also allow the "delicate" morel mushrooms to be cultivated on a large scale in intelligent temperature-controlled greenhouses. However, for matsutake, scientists have worked hard for over a century, but still have not fully mastered all the secrets of its reproduction.
Although he doesn't recognize many characters, Yin Hucheng (银虎成) has a good intuition that ordinary people cannot match—an intuition for matsutake. He can accurately predict which forest land will have matsutake emerging when the earth has not fully awakened in the spring.
Once, Yin Hucheng (银虎成) contracted a mountain forest in Tianfozhi Mountain (天佛指山). He is familiar with the characteristics of matsutake. Only immature "young mushrooms" are delicious, and once the cap opens and begins to spray spores, no one cares about them. At that time, in order to maximize the economic benefits of this mountain forest, Yin Hucheng (银虎成) relied on his skills to pick every matsutake that had not yet opened its umbrella—in just a few years, he escaped poverty by picking matsutake.
According to common sense, once a "matsutake nest" is formed, it can last for decades and expand 10-15 centimeters along the direction of the pine roots every year, producing offspring fungi. However, the matsutake in Tianfozhi Mountain (天佛指山) are decreasing year by year, and several "matsutake nests" have not produced a single matsutake for several years in a row. Looking at the increasingly "empty" mountain forest, Yin Hucheng (银虎成) fell into contemplation. Suddenly one day, he woke up. It turned out that it was human's unrestrained demands that had destroyed the already difficult reproduction path of matsutake. If this continues, sooner or later, Tianfozhi Mountain (天佛指山) will no longer produce matsutake.
From then on, Yin Hucheng (银虎成) left a few healthy matsutake in the "matsutake nest" every year without picking them, allowing them to grow into "parent plants" that spray spores. His family didn't understand this, because it takes at least 5 years for a spore to grow into a small matsutake from the time it lands, and the contract period for a mountain forest may have passed—they can "save seeds," but they cannot enjoy the "dividends" of "saving seeds."
Yin Hucheng (银虎成) said to his family: "This mountain forest has nurtured us, we can't let it become an empty mountain in our hands!" Later, Yin Hucheng (银虎成) simply put away the bamboo knife he had used for many years to pick matsutake, and never mentioned his experience of running in the mountains to pick matsutake again.
Many years later, this mountain forest changed hands several times and was contracted by Yin Hucheng's (银虎成) grandson, Liu Jianguo (柳建国). One sunny afternoon, Liu Jianguo (柳建国) discovered a light brown color under a layer of decaying leaves—it was an extra-large matsutake, with a full and thick cap and a thick and upright stem, almost twice the size of ordinary matsutake. Liu Jianguo (柳建国) held his breath, carefully used a bamboo knife to pry open the surrounding soil, held the "treasure" in his palm, and went straight to Yin Hucheng's (银虎成) old house.
Yin Hucheng (银虎成) had never seen such a large matsutake in his life, and his eyes suddenly turned red.
He told me that he was 80 years old that year and had "sealed the knife" for 20 years. When he saw that "King of Matsutake," he knew that the mountain was telling him a secret, a secret about matsutake.
I think that should be the deepest gratitude of this silent mountain forest to a mushroom picker who knows how to restrain and knows how to be in awe.
Saying goodbye to Yin Hucheng (银虎成), I traveled alone in a car on National Highway 334. The mountain wind brushed past birch, red maple, smoke tree, and green pine, bringing the most simple information from the forest: those billions of matsutake spores are starting their new round of life journey under the decaying leaves...
Return to TopBy: 陈义望
In Shanghai, I live in a high-rise building by the Suzhou Creek (苏州河). From the 32nd floor, I can see the entire course of the river. I'm used to moving a deck chair to the balcony and sitting down around dusk. Not for any particular reason, just to watch. Watch the river, watch both banks, watch how the light gradually retreats from the river, and watch how the lights twinkle on.
This river is called the "Mother River" by Shanghainese. The name is intimate, and the appearance also feels intimate. It's not as flamboyant as the Huangpu River (黄浦江). It's narrow, winding, and the current is gentle. The river water is much clearer than in previous years, still with a hint of yellowish-green and gray, as if it were the leftover base of all the colors on a palette, mixed with water and stirred together. It flows slowly, almost imperceptibly, with only a few lazy ripples when the wind blows. When the setting sun shines, the water surface glitters with fine gold. Watching this scene for a long time makes you feel that time is also viscous here, unable to flow.
My hometown is Suizhou (随州), Hubei (湖北) province, famous for the Marquis Yi of Zeng's bronze chimes (曾侯乙编钟). A set of bronzes buried underground for more than 2,400 years, when dug out and struck, the sound can still travel a long way. That's another form of time, sealed up, heavy, and when struck, it hums loudly, causing a bit of panic. Unlike this river in front of me, time seems to be scattered, diluted in the water, flowing day and night, as if nothing can be retained, yet as if everything has left a trace.
Several bridges are forcibly laid across the river, connecting the north and south banks. The bridges are built in a simple style, with a clear purpose: to allow people and cars to pass quickly, without much attention to aesthetics. The river is still the same river, but the cargo ships have long been replaced by sightseeing boats, drilling back and forth under the bridges, with brightly painted hulls, carrying tourists from all over the country. Occasionally, I can hear faint laughter, which sounds tired when it reaches the 32nd floor, as if heard through several layers of cloth. After the boats pass, they leave long ripples, which slowly spread out and break against the concrete embankments on both sides.
The changes on the banks are silent but dramatic. On the south bank, brand-new residential buildings stand side by side, with clean and neat glass curtain walls. In the evening, the lights in each household come on one after another, in squares, one after another, exuding a sense of orderly warmth.
On the north bank of the river, a brand-new park is exquisitely built, with winding walkways, neat lawns, and small groups of citizens strolling. Further away, the glass curtain walls of office buildings shimmer in the setting sun. Most of the legendary solid and heavy old warehouses are gone, and the few that have been completely preserved have become art restaurants or galleries, like specimens specially left behind for people to mourn the past. This is a "restoration as before" renovation, but the "old" is only the shell, and the "new" is the soul. This kind of life probably has nothing to do with the sweat, shouts, and years of carrying heavy packages that once existed in those warehouses.
I watch this day after day. Suddenly, one day, I feel that what is framed by this window is not a painting, but a huge, open-air urban cross-section. The silt of the "Hudu" (沪渎) fishing village, the buildings of the "Bund" (十里洋场), the bricks and stones of industrialization, and the current globalized, smooth glass and steel structures are all stacked on both sides of the river. Time here is not a line, flowing forward; but a well, digging down, digging out the sediment deposited from different eras.
This feeling is different from when I was in Beijing (北京). In Beijing, I also loved to climb high. On Jingshan Hill (景山), I would look at the golden-tiled roofs of the Forbidden City (紫禁城), shimmering with a somber light in the setting sun. It was an incomparably solemn and orderly splendor. A central axis, like a hard spine, supported the entire city in a stable manner. All the power, all the glory, gathered towards one center. But in Shanghai, high above the Suzhou Creek, the view is divergent. Scanning the scene, there are countless juxtaposed, chaotic, and even mutually tearing "nows." The old has not yet disappeared, and the new has already flourished. There is no clear boundary between the two, but they grow together in a jagged manner. Watching this for a long time will make you fundamentally doubt the idea of searching for "purity" or "origin." Because everything here is a mixture.
Therefore, Shanghai's cultural identity has never been a completed "crystal." It is always in a state of "solution," with various components colliding, reacting, and precipitating inside, occasionally forming some temporary, unstable crystals, which are then dissolved by new trends. It does not insist on asking the essence of "what you are," but is more concerned with the function and possibility of "what you can bring" and "what we can become together." Understanding this, the "settlement" problem of the individual living as a guest seems to have found an answer.
One evening, I was walking by the river and saw an old man painting the river. He was painting the old warehouses on the opposite bank, but he also painted the newly built glass buildings. I asked him if he didn't think it was abrupt? He didn't even look up and said, "They're all reflected in the river, what's the difference between new and old?" These words are true. The river doesn't distinguish between new and old, it just flows. It reflects the bricks of the old warehouses, and it also reflects the glass of the new buildings; it carries cargo ships, and it also carries tourist boats. Time on it is layered on top of each other, not new replacing old.
After watching for two or three years, I understood something. The important thing in this place is to learn to find your place in the layers. Like the bridges on the river, connecting north and south, and also bearing ancient and modern times. People in the city are also bridges—connecting hometown and other places, past and future.
The night is getting deeper, and the lights on the river are stretched out very long. I sat in front of the window again. The river water seems to have turned bluish-gray, flowing as slowly as ever. I know that it is actually constantly changing, just as I know that I am also quietly changing. This is probably settlement—not finding some eternally unchanging "crystal," but learning to recognize your own reflection in the flow.
I closed the window, and the river flowed quietly outside the window.
Return to TopThis edition's email: dadi@peopledaily.cn
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