Summary: The article emphasizes Xi Jinping's focus on prioritizing the people's welfare as the ultimate measure of political achievement for the Chinese Communist Party. It highlights Xi's consistent messaging that serving the people is the Party's fundamental purpose and that cadres should focus on tangible results that benefit the populace, drawing on examples from his own career and historical figures. The piece stresses the importance of aligning policies with the needs and desires of the people, warning against detached or unrealistic decision-making. It also asserts that public approval and historical evaluation are the true yardsticks for judging the effectiveness of governance.
Summary: The article reports on the closing of the 14th National People's Congress and the approval of the "15th Five-Year Plan," outlining China's development goals for the next five years under the leadership of the CCP Central Committee with Xi Jinping at its core. Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of high-quality development, reform, opening up, and common prosperity. Xi Jinping's post-plenum activities included a trip to South Korea for the APEC meeting, signaling China's intent to offer new opportunities to the region and the world through its modernization. The plan also focuses on strengthening the domestic economy and technological self-reliance, including the development of a modern industrial system.
Summary: The article discusses Xi Jinping's role, as then Zhejiang Party Secretary, in initiating the comprehensive protection project of West Lake in Hangzhou, which included making the area free to the public. Officials like Zhang Jianting, former director of the Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area Management Committee, recall Xi's emphasis on preserving the lake's cultural heritage and ensuring public access, leading to the area's restoration and free access starting in 2003. This initiative involved restoring historical sites, improving public facilities, and transforming exclusive clubs into public spaces. The article emphasizes that Xi promoted the idea that public resources should not be monopolized by a few, but for the enjoyment of all the people.
Summary: The article highlights the increasing competitiveness of China's domestic database industry, emphasizing its role in supporting critical infrastructure like the 12306 railway ticketing system. It details the technological advancements and market penetration of domestic database companies like OceanBase and Alibaba Cloud's PolarDB, which have broken international monopolies and achieved record-breaking performance in global benchmarks. The success of these companies is attributed to a focus on indigenous innovation, long-term investment, and the demands of the Chinese market, such as the challenges posed by events like "Double 11." Overcoming initial barriers of trust and talent shortages, Chinese databases are now expanding internationally, offering alternatives to established global players and are developing AI integration capabilities.
Summary: Multiple regions in China are experiencing a surge in agricultural activity as farmers seize the opportunity of the spring equinox to engage in plowing and field management. The article includes a photograph depicting farmers in Nantong, Jiangsu province, utilizing agricultural machinery for wheat field management on March 19th. The article does not mention any US or US-China related topics.
Summary: China's spring planting is underway with a slight increase in intended grain acreage. Winter wheat conditions have improved significantly due to targeted interventions and a warm winter, with the majority of crops now classified as first or second grade. Advanced technologies, including optimized seeds, efficient seedling cultivation, and precision field management using drones and digital platforms, are being implemented. The Agricultural Bank of China has increased financial support for spring planting, with loans for grain and agricultural product supply growing significantly. The report does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article discusses China's efforts to develop "future industries" through strategic investment and innovation. It highlights the Shanghai Future Industries Fund as an example of aligning investment with central government directives, focusing on emerging technologies and collaboration between investors, scientists, and entrepreneurs. The piece emphasizes the importance of long-term vision and practical action in seizing opportunities amidst global changes, referencing the Central Politburo's focus on future industry development and the "15th Five-Year Plan." China has launched over 100 innovation projects and is creating various application scenarios to accelerate the development of future industries. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Li Hongzhong, a member of the Politburo Standing Committee and Vice Chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee, conducted research in Zhejiang from March 18th to 19th, emphasizing the importance of adhering to Xi Jinping Thought and implementing the spirit of the Two Sessions. He stressed focusing on economic development, especially developing new quality productive forces, and strengthening legal work related to key, emerging, and foreign-related fields to promote high-quality economic and social development under the rule of law. Li also urged integrating the construction of the "four organs" of the NPC and its Standing Committee, establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, and adhering to serving the people and achieving performance through hard work to better serve the overall work of the Party and the country. The article does not discuss the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Chinese regulators are increasing oversight to curb "involutionary" competition, characterized by low prices and quality. The State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) is focusing on areas like mandatory product certification and platform practices, such as forced price reductions, which harm market order and consumer rights. SAMR will strengthen oversight of the certification process and place greater scrutiny on products priced below costs. Furthermore, regulators are working to prevent local governments from improperly interfering with market competition, especially in emerging industries like EVs, lithium batteries and photovoltaics.
Summary: China's national general public budget revenue increased by 0.7% year-on-year to 4.42 trillion yuan in the first two months of the year, while expenditures rose by 3.6% to 4.67 trillion yuan, prioritizing essential areas like basic-level guarantees. Tax revenue saw a slight increase of 0.1%, with notable growth in value-added tax and import-related taxes, partially offset by declines in consumption and income taxes due to base effects and timing of holidays. Export tax rebates increased, supporting foreign trade. Certain sectors like equipment manufacturing and modern services demonstrated strong tax revenue performance. There is no indication of any discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs released a list of 16 central government financial policies for 2026 aimed at benefiting farmers and promoting agricultural development. These policies include subsidies for farmland protection, agricultural machinery, crop protection, and insurance premiums, with differentiated subsidy levels based on region and type of agriculture. Subsidies also target agricultural socialization services, focusing on supporting small farmers and promoting advanced technologies for increased yields, particularly in key areas like precision planting. Furthermore, transportation subsidies are available for eligible individuals working in other provinces, especially those at risk of falling back into poverty. The central government distributes funds to provinces, which then determine specific implementation details and disburse funds directly to recipients.
Summary: A joint meeting of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the State Administration for Market Regulation convened on March 17 to address key tasks including regulating competition, boosting innovation, expanding consumption, and optimizing management within the new energy vehicle (NEV) industry. The meeting outlined plans to address disorderly competition and industry network chaos, including price monitoring and enforcing 60-day payment terms. Plans were also announced to strengthen key industrial chains, promote autonomous driving breakthroughs, and optimize standards for mass production. To stimulate consumption, the meeting highlighted initiatives for trade-ins, NEV heavy truck applications, and support for the vehicle modification market, including financial support for exports.
Summary: A modern agricultural service center in Changde, Hunan province, has begun operations, featuring advanced technologies for rice seedling cultivation. The center utilizes automated systems for seed processing, including soaking, germination, and planting, significantly improving efficiency and seedling quality. Farmer Kuang Songguo demonstrated the use of these technologies, emphasizing the importance of adopting new methods for modern agriculture. The center also incorporates smart farming technologies like weather stations and sensors, enabling data-driven agricultural management. This shift from experience-based to data-driven farming enhances farmers' confidence and yields.
Summary: The article discusses the increasing prominence and technological advancements of domestically produced Chinese databases, highlighting their crucial role in supporting large-scale systems like the 12306 railway ticketing platform. It emphasizes the shift from reliance on foreign database technology to the development of competitive domestic alternatives, driven by both national strategic goals and market demand. Several companies are mentioned for breaking the monopoly previously held by foreign companies in the industry, including OceanBase and Alibaba, whose cloud native database achieved high scores in international testing. The article underscores the importance of research and development, as well as talent cultivation, in strengthening China's database industry, and its increasing presence in international markets.
Summary: International figures interviewed by People's Daily emphasized the inevitability and popular support for the formation of the Chinese national community. They highlighted economic development in Xinjiang and Tibet alongside cultural preservation and improved living standards, crediting the CPC's policies. Interviewees cited examples such as improved infrastructure, poverty alleviation, and the integration of traditional cultures with modern industries. The interviewees suggest that China's approach provides a model for harmonious coexistence of diverse cultures. There was no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: The article discusses concerns surrounding potential constitutional revisions in Japan, particularly the acceleration of movements to revise Article 9, which prohibits the use of war as a means of settling international disputes. Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi has expressed support for enshrining the Self-Defense Forces (SDF) in the constitution, effectively legitimizing them as a military force. With pro-revision forces holding a supermajority in the Diet, the article warns that Japan might build a system for the SDF to participate in overseas operations under the U.S. military strategic framework. The author also expresses concern that increased defense spending and the inclusion of emergency clauses in the constitution could negatively impact social welfare, education, and democratic governance.
Summary: The article reports on the conclusion of the 14th National People's Congress (NPC) in March 2026, which approved the "15th Five-Year Plan." It emphasizes the leadership of Xi Jinping and the Party Central Committee in formulating the plan and guiding China's development. Xi Jinping stressed the importance of high-quality development, reform and opening up, and common prosperity. The report highlights Xi's post-plenum activities, including a visit to South Korea to promote opportunities for the Asia-Pacific region and the world, and domestic inspection tours to Hainan and Guangdong to boost opening up and high-quality development. The article concludes by noting China's economic resilience and contribution to global confidence amid international instability.
Summary: Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and British Foreign Secretary David Cameron spoke on the phone on March 19, primarily discussing the Middle East situation. Cameron conveyed the UK's perspective and desire for close communication with China to end hostilities and resume diplomatic negotiations. Wang Yi stated China's position, urging an immediate cessation of military actions and dialogue, emphasizing the conflict's impact on international stability and shared interests. Both parties agreed to strengthen communication and promote the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership to provide stability amid global turbulence, while also committing to upholding the UN charter.
Summary: Chinese Defense Minister Dong Jun and Vietnamese Defense Minister Phan Van Giang co-chaired the 10th China-Vietnam Border Defense Friendship Exchange in Nanning. Dong called for closer strategic communication and pragmatic cooperation between the two militaries to build a China-Vietnam community with a shared future, guided by the two countries' top leaders. Activities included visiting border troops, planting a friendship tree, attending the launch ceremony of a joint naval patrol and training exercise, and laying wreaths at monuments. Phan expressed Vietnam's willingness to enhance cooperation with China in various fields to deepen military relations.
Summary: A celebration themed "Healthy Living, Tai Chi Together" was held at UNESCO headquarters in Paris to mark the upcoming inaugural "International Tai Chi Day." Practitioners from China and France showcased Tai Chi, promoting Chinese culture and healthy lifestyles. The event aimed to spread Chinese traditional culture to the world.
Summary: The city of Tieling revitalized a large, previously abandoned commercial complex nicknamed "The Big Ship" after years of disrepair and failed attempts by private enterprises. Tieling leadership, including Party Secretary Li Wenbiao, emphasized the importance of addressing past issues and meeting public expectations, leading to the formation of a special task force. The city utilized state-owned enterprises to acquire the property, resolve complex debt issues, and attract new businesses. The successful revitalization has led to the implementation of a similar model to address other instances of ineffective or abandoned assets within the city. The initiative is aimed at stimulating the economy and improving local livelihoods.
Summary: The article emphasizes the importance of cultural preservation as a crucial aspect of governance, highlighting Xi Jinping's early efforts in Zhengding to protect historical sites. It contrasts superficial cultural projects with the long-term, often unseen, work ("潛功") required to genuinely preserve and promote cultural heritage, citing the example of the Liangzhu archaeological site. The article argues that cultural preservation and economic development are not mutually exclusive but can synergistically benefit each other, as demonstrated by Zhengding's early embrace of cultural tourism. Ultimately, the piece advocates for a balanced approach that prioritizes both material and cultural progress, contributing to China's national rejuvenation. The article does not mention the United States.
Summary: A joint notice from the Ministry of Natural Resources and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration outlines 13 measures to support the implementation of the 15th Five-Year Plan. The notice emphasizes dynamic maintenance of land use plans, streamlining approval processes for land, forestry, and sea usage, and prioritizing the revitalization of existing land resources over new development, with new construction land contingent on equivalent revitalization, except for energy, transportation, and water conservancy projects. Structurally, new construction land will not be allocated to operating commercial real estate development. The notice also supports the development of yachting and recreational fishing industries. The hard line of maintain more than 35% of mainland natural coastline will be adhered to.
Summary: Track-laying has officially begun on the Yunnan section of the Chongqing-Kunming High-Speed Railway (渝昆高铁) in Kunming, Yunnan province. This railway is a crucial component of China's "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-speed rail network, specifically the Beijing-Kunming corridor. Once operational, the travel time between Chongqing and Kunming will be reduced to approximately two and a half hours. The report did not mention any officials accompanying the event, or any mention of the United States.
Summary: The article recounts how, in 2002, then-Zhejiang Party Secretary Xi Jinping spearheaded the comprehensive protection and restoration of West Lake in Hangzhou, including opening the park around the lake to the public free of charge. Xi emphasized preserving the lake's cultural heritage and making it accessible to all people, not just a privileged few, even calling for the construction of the West Lake Museum to promote the area's cultural and natural heritage. Local officials emphasized that Xi's vision prioritized public service and accessibility, demonstrated by actions such as ensuring 24-hour access to public restrooms and converting exclusive clubs into affordable public spaces. This initiative has become a model for local officials, demonstrating that serving the people should be the primary focus of governance. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Guangzhou Railway Group launched its first high-speed "My Shaoshan Trip" study tour train from Chenzhou to Shaoshan, carrying over 2,400 students and teachers to visit Mao Zedong's birthplace and other revolutionary sites. This marks the first high-speed study tour train of 2024. Hunan province plans to organize approximately 580,000 students for similar red tourism activities this year. The Guangzhou Railway Group plans to operate 144 high-speed trains and 246 regular-speed trains for these study tours to Shaoshan.
Summary: Chen Bangzhu, former Deputy Director and Deputy Party Secretary of the State Economic and Trade Commission, passed away in Beijing at the age of 91. Chen held various positions throughout his career, including Minister of Domestic Trade and Governor of Hunan Province. He was a member of the 14th and 15th CPC Central Committees. Central leaders expressed their condolences to his family. The report does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Xie Hongsheng, former Deputy Director of the State Machinery Industry Commission, died in Beijing on February 19, 2026, at the age of 108. Central leaders expressed condolences to Xie's family after his death. Xie's career included roles in military logistics and various positions within the textile and light industry sectors. He retired in December 1982. The report does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: Lin Zhanxi, the 83-year-old inventor of Juncao technology, emphasizes its role in poverty alleviation and ecological improvement, both domestically and internationally. He recounts the initial challenges of developing the technology and its subsequent application in various regions, including impoverished areas in China and countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative. Lin highlights the positive impact of Juncao on local communities, citing increased income and environmental benefits. He emphasizes that the technology, which he considers "China's unique technology" as stated by Xi Jinping, is meant to benefit all of humanity and aligns with the goal of common prosperity in China. Lin intends to continue promoting Juncao technology to combat poverty and improve ecological conditions globally.
Summary: The article discusses the historical practice of building "惜字塔" (Towers for Cherishing Characters) to respectfully burn paper with writing on it, reflecting a traditional Chinese reverence for knowledge and culture. While the physical towers are largely relics of the past, the underlying principle of respecting and valuing the written word remains relevant in the digital age. The author cautions against the proliferation of misinformation and low-quality content online, especially with the rise of AI-generated text, emphasizing the need for mindful and ethical communication. Preserving this "敬惜字纸" (cherishing written words) spirit is crucial for maintaining a healthy and meaningful digital environment.
Summary: According to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, China's total forest area has reached 3.614 billion mu, with a forest coverage rate exceeding 25%. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, China protected approximately 5.08 million ancient and famous trees and effectively safeguarded 2.578 billion mu of natural forests. China has afforested 185 million mu, an area similar to Fujian Province. The article claims that China has become the country with the fastest and most significant increase in green cover globally.
Summary: China's Ministry of Commerce and six other departments jointly released a revised "Catalogue of Encouraged Import Services," adding new categories like "other professional services" and "medical and health services" while removing some previous inclusions. This revision reflects a focus on meeting the people's needs for a high quality of life and promoting high-quality development through expanded imports. The catalogue aims to address shortcomings, benefit the people, and promote industrial upgrading by supporting technological innovation and high-quality development. The article emphasizes the importance of adapting policies to actual conditions and promoting high-level opening up. It also stresses the need to combine investment in both material goods and human capital to promote comprehensive productivity.
Summary: According to Zhu Keli, the inclusion of "low-altitude economy" in the revised Civil Aviation Law will clarify regulations regarding airspace usage and management responsibilities, addressing concerns from companies involved in activities like medical supply transport. The forthcoming "airworthiness standards" for unmanned aircraft will fill a regulatory gap and are crucial for the commercialization of medium and large drones, including "air taxis." Zhu also emphasized the importance of balancing development with safety, advocating for measures like real-name registration, electronic fences, and inter-agency coordination to prevent illegal flights. He highlighted regional strengths, such as the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area's complete industrial chain and the Yangtze River Delta's digital infrastructure. Zhu suggests that regions should focus on developing low-altitude applications suited to their specific local conditions.
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Summary: Guangzhou is attracting foreign investment due to its solid industrial base and institutional opening-up, with foreign companies like Perennial Holdings, Hyundai Motor Group, and Zeiss investing in the city. Perennial Holdings established a wholly-owned hospital, while Hyundai Motor Group set up its first overseas hydrogen fuel cell system R&D, production, and sales base in Guangzhou. Guangzhou's stable policy environment, including subsidies for fuel cell vehicles, has been a key factor in attracting and retaining foreign investment, leading Hyundai to establish its first overseas hydrogen energy R&D center there. Zeiss has also benefited from Guangzhou's efficient customs services, which helped its manufacturing base become a "lighthouse factory".
Summary: The State Council approved Meishan City as a National Historical and Cultural City, citing its rich cultural heritage, well-preserved traditional layout, and distinct regional characteristics. The approval emphasizes the need to protect and utilize cultural heritage, study archaeological and historical materials, and clarify the spatial pattern and development context of ancient Meizhou. It also calls for strengthening the protection of cultural relics, improving infrastructure, and promoting the utilization of cultural relics. The State Council also stressed the importance of managing the relationship between urban development and cultural heritage protection. The document emphasizes the need to "tell Chinese stories" by promoting and carrying forward Chinese traditional culture.
Summary: The Macao Legislative Assembly unanimously passed the "National Security Affairs Committee of the Macao Special Administrative Region" bill, which will take effect the day after its publication in the Macao Special Administrative Region Gazette. The bill elevates the existing administrative regulation to a legal statute, defining the responsibilities, composition, and operation of the committee. The Macao government stated the bill embodies the organic unity of the central government's overall jurisdiction and the high degree of autonomy of the special administrative region. It will also enhance Macao's ability to coordinate and execute national security measures, safeguarding national sovereignty and development interests. The bill allows the national security affairs advisor to supervise, guide, coordinate and support Macao in carrying out national security work.
Summary: The AUX Group is expanding its production capacity with a 6 billion RMB investment in a new smart manufacturing park, driven by rapid market demand and a near-saturated existing air conditioner production. AUX's expansion is fueled by technological innovation, including AI-powered voice control systems and "smart central platforms" to enhance production efficiency and quality control. The company has invested heavily in R&D, establishing three global research centers and obtaining over 12,000 patents. AUX aims to enhance its global competitiveness through flexible delivery, intelligent quality control, and green manufacturing in its new facility. AUX's air conditioner business has expanded to over 160 countries and regions, holding a leading market share in over 20 of them.
Summary: The article describes how people across China are celebrating the spring equinox through traditional folk activities such as egg balancing, making peach blossom cakes, and flying kites. A photo from March 19th in Jiyuan City, Henan Province, shows children flying kites at a kindergarten. There is no mention of specific officials, the United States, or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: An article reports on Zizhong county in Neijiang city, Sichuan province building an "age-friendly society" by improving public services across different age groups. These improvements include affordable childcare, better education, convenient healthcare, and elderly care services. Zizhong is focusing on delivering these services at the community level to better serve the daily needs of residents. According to Hu Qinggao, Party Secretary of the Zizhong County Civil Affairs Bureau, these efforts require sustained focus on small things and details. The article does not discuss or allude to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: China's new Value Added Tax (VAT) law, effective January 1, 2024, maintains the existing three-tiered tax rate structure of 6%, 9%, and 13% while codifying previous reforms such as legalizing VAT refunds and clarifying the validity of e-invoices. The law refines the VAT deduction chain, allowing input tax deductions for certain services like catering for business activities, benefiting sectors like tourism. It also clarifies tax regulations for small-scale taxpayers, offering clearer guidelines for online businesses. The adjustments aim to provide businesses with more stable expectations and a clearer legal basis for their operations.
Summary: China's National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) has announced a new batch of 13 major foreign investment projects, totaling $13.4 billion, primarily focused on the manufacturing sector. These projects, encompassing electronics, chemicals, automotive, and electrical machinery, aim to accelerate industrial cluster development, while also extending support to the service sector, including logistics and biomedical research centers. The move signifies China's continued efforts to attract foreign capital and integrate advanced manufacturing with modern service industries. To date, these major foreign investment projects have totaled $108 billion in investment. There is no mention of the United States in this report.
Summary: Three major Chinese airlines – Air China, China Eastern, and China Southern – have announced new measures to protect passenger rights, including verification services to combat inflated prices and non-transparent fees on third-party platforms. Air China is offering real-time ticket verification and fare checks through its official channels, while China Eastern encourages passengers to use its app and WeChat mini-program for the same. Both Air China and China Southern are also introducing policies allowing passengers to claim free refunds if they find cheaper tickets for the same flight within a specified timeframe. China Eastern is offering a "2-hour full refund" policy and, under certain conditions, two free refunds within 180 days.
Summary: On March 19th, Wuhan-based Voyah Automobile, a high-end smart electric vehicle brand under Dongfeng Motor Corporation, was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange via introduction without issuing new shares or immediate financing. Dongfeng Motor Corporation Chairman Yang Qing stated that the listing would optimize the company's capital layout and governance structure, promoting specialization and growth in the intelligent connected new energy vehicle sector. Voyah has focused on technological innovation in platforms, electric systems, and assisted driving. The company projects a compound annual growth rate of 73% for new energy vehicle sales from 2023-2025, with a net profit of 1.02 billion RMB in 2025 and a gross profit margin of 20.9%.
Summary: Xingye Bank is strengthening financial consumer rights protection by upgrading elderly-focused services like the "An Yu Life" system and green channels on customer service lines. The bank is leveraging technology to provide convenient services, such as "social security services nearby" and a platform for small and micro enterprises. To protect consumers, Xingye Bank is actively fighting financial fraud through education and risk prevention, including AI-powered review systems. They are also working to provide financial education and convenient services to various demographics, including the elderly and young people. The bank aims to integrate consumer rights protection into its daily operations to better serve the people.
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Summary: The Supreme People's Court released a series of typical consumer rights protection cases focusing on food and drug safety, online transactions, and emerging consumer areas like "appearance economy" and pet industry. One case involved a consumer purchasing weight loss products containing banned substances, leading to a ruling that the seller was liable for punitive damages for failing to verify product safety. Another case covered misleading advertising targeting elderly consumers, where a business falsely claimed its product could treat diseases. The court also addressed issues with automatic subscription renewals, requiring platforms to provide clear and prominent reminders before charging consumers and to refund charges when reminders are inadequate. Finally, the court addressed issues in pet sales, citing that false advertisement of pet's breed shall be considered fraudulent.
Summary: A member of the Supreme People's Court emphasizes that consumer protection laws must adapt to evolving consumption patterns like automatic renewals and the "experience economy." Courts are actively regulating practices such as "seamless renewal" and unreasonable cancellation policies to protect consumer rights while balancing the interests of businesses. The Court has also ruled against false advertising in sectors like elderly care and cosmetic procedures. The emphasis is on upholding principles of voluntariness, equality, fairness, and good faith in commercial transactions, while offering complete and truthful information to consumers. The judiciary aims to foster consumer confidence and promote high-quality development through judicial means.
Summary: China's General Administration of Customs has revised regulations regarding the registration of overseas manufacturers of imported food, set to take effect on June 1, 2026. The revised rules aim to clarify responsibilities and improve the safety of the imported food supply chain by placing more responsibility on both overseas authorities and businesses. The regulations categorize registration management based on risk, establishing lists for food requiring official recommendation and those ineligible for automatic renewal. The updated guidelines streamline the application process, with all new registrations submitted by businesses, while also creating a "list registration" channel to help companies legally import food more efficiently.
Summary: Beijing announced 28 reform measures across four areas to improve the business environment, focusing on "partner-style" services and addressing bottlenecks. The measures include streamlining administrative procedures, expanding financing for small businesses, increasing housing support for talent, and strengthening legal protections against unfair competition. Beijing will also promote policy navigation and direct access to preferential policies for enterprises. Cross-regional coordination with Tianjin and Hebei will be enhanced, especially regarding administrative licensing, innovation resources, and public services like healthcare and elderly care. Lin Jianhua, Deputy Director of the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission, emphasized targeted actions to resolve specific issues.
Summary: The article reports on Dehong Prefecture in Yunnan province, which is using Party building to strengthen border defense and enrich the people. Specifically, the article highlights initiatives such as improving border patrol roads through community involvement, establishing a neighborhood watch system with Party member representatives, and creating "employment workshops at the doorstep" to provide income opportunities for border residents. The prefecture divides the area into small grids, each managed by a trusted resident, to resolve local issues and monitor the local situation. These efforts aim to transform the Party's advantages into a strong force for stabilizing and developing the border region. The piece makes no mention of the U.S. or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A large job fair was held in Heihe, Heilongjiang province on March 19, 2024, organized by the local Human Resources and Social Security Bureau. Ninety-eight companies participated, offering 1,175 positions across sectors including manufacturing, trade, ice and snow economy, agriculture, and cultural tourism. The event aimed to connect job seekers with employers and support employment for disadvantaged groups and rural laborers. No mentions of the U.S. or U.S.-China relations were in the article.
Summary: Si Zhaotian, a Meituan delivery team leader in Huangshi, Hubei Province, carries emergency equipment on his vehicle and is recognized for saving a person by administering CPR. Inspired by Lei Feng, Si mentors a disabled colleague, Chen Yulin, and assists him to become familiar with his work and earn a stable monthly income. Meituan recognized 310 delivery drivers for their acts of valor and awarded Si with a gift package. Si then gave the new electric vehicle in his gift package to Chen Yulin. Si also leads a volunteer service team of Meituan delivery drivers who offer emergency assistance and community support.
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Summary: According to the article, Xi Jinping has emphasized the success and continuation of the "Chinese path" of anti-corruption with Chinese characteristics, characterized by the Party's centralized leadership and a holistic approach to preventing and combating corruption. The author argues that this path's success stems from the Party's centralized leadership, which allows for strategic coordination and avoids the pitfalls of decentralized approaches. The article highlights the integrated approach of "not daring to, not being able to, and not wanting to" be corrupt as a key element of this strategy. Finally, the article argues that China's anti-corruption approach is superior due to its strategic integration, focus on public welfare, and embedding within the broader governance system.
Summary: This article emphasizes the importance of integrating "meeting rooms" (会场) and "on-the-ground" (现场) approaches for cadres to achieve tangible results and adhere to Xi Jinping's vision of performance evaluation (政绩观). It criticizes cadres who prioritize either meetings or fieldwork to the detriment of the other, arguing that effective governance requires a cyclical process of gathering insights from the field, formulating strategies in meetings, and then implementing and validating those strategies on the ground. The article highlights Xi Jinping's 2018 visit to Sichuan, where he conducted a meeting in a villager's home, as an example of effective and pragmatic engagement. The piece advocates for a closed-loop system where problems are identified in the field, solutions are devised in meetings, implementation occurs on the ground, and the results are evaluated by the people.
Summary: The article discusses promoting "civilized rural customs" (文明乡风) in China's villages by improving cultural resources, guided by Xi Jinping's thought on rural revitalization and the 15th Five-Year Plan. It emphasizes improving public cultural services' reach and precision, protecting and utilizing local cultural heritage, and respecting villagers' agency in cultural development. The author advocates for fostering local artistic talent and integrating culture with tourism and creative industries to boost both the economy and cultural enrichment. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Xi Jinping emphasized the importance of combining investment in physical capital with investment in human capital, viewing it as a crucial strategy for national development. The article argues that human capital is essential for long-term sustainable economic growth, especially as China aims to become a leading power in education, technology, and talent. It highlights the need to shift from factor-driven to innovation-driven growth by increasing investment in human capital to boost domestic demand and offset external uncertainties. Investing in people is seen as a way to improve people's well-being, stimulate consumption, and foster new investments, ultimately supporting high-quality economic and social development.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang signed State Council Decree No. 828, promulgating the revised *Regulations for the Implementation of the Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China*, effective May 15, 2026. The regulations aim to improve drug quality and innovation, support both traditional Chinese medicine and generic drug development, and emphasize risk control. They cover the entire drug lifecycle, from R&D and registration to production, distribution, and use in medical institutions. The regulations also address issues such as drug recalls, online sales, and the protection of undisclosed testing data for innovative drugs. The regulations also aim to improve drug quality, safety and innovation, but do not make any mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang signed State Council Decree No. 828, promulgating the revised *Regulations for the Implementation of the Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China*, effective May 15, 2026. The regulations aim to improve drug quality and innovation, support clinical-value-oriented pharmaceutical research, promote the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine, and boost the quality of generic drugs. They cover various aspects of drug management, including research and development, registration, production, operation, and supervision. The regulations also promote fair competition in the pharmaceutical industry. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Buick launched its first all-electric MPV, the GL8 Avenir electric edition, on March 17th, priced at 489,900 RMB. The vehicle leverages Buick's 27 years of experience in the MPV market, offering a luxurious pure electric option for families. The new car is equipped with a 900V 6C super fast charging battery and boasts a CLTC range of 601 kilometers. Buick is offering a limited-time package of incentives worth 62,000 RMB and a trade-in subsidy of up to 20,000 RMB for existing SAIC-GM customers. The vehicle also comes with a service agreement covering significant accident damage.
Summary: The 15th anniversary of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster sees ongoing protests in Japan, criticizing the government and TEPCO for neglecting the rights and well-being of displaced residents. Progress on decommissioning the plant and disposing of nuclear waste remains stalled, with experts estimating complete removal of nuclear debris could take 170 years. Tens of thousands remain displaced with inadequate support, facing challenges regarding housing, employment, and mental health. Public trust in the government's handling of the disaster is low, with many believing reconstruction efforts are superficial. The article does not mention the United States.
Summary: Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has emphasized Spain's consistent position of "no to war" regarding the escalating military conflicts in the Middle East, advocating for diplomatic solutions and adherence to international law. Despite some Western media portraying Spain as isolated for this stance, Sánchez asserted they are simply the first to voice this sentiment, similar to their early recognition of Palestine. Spain's anti-war stance stems from its own history of conflict and its geographic vulnerability to instability in the Middle East. The article suggests a shift in transatlantic relations, with European nations increasingly wary of U.S. foreign policy and prioritizing diplomatic solutions over military intervention. The article highlights the growing sentiment in Europe that military force creates instability and no country can be immune.
Summary: Here's a summary of the provided news articles, focusing on relevant points for analysts of Chinese politics: The Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) claimed to launch the 64th wave of "True Promise-4" attacks targeting Israel, including Ben Gurion Airport and fuel facilities, also alleging strikes on the US Navy Fifth Fleet. EU High Representative Josep Borrell stated that the EU has no intention to extend its naval mission in the Red Sea to the Strait of Hormuz and sees no legal basis for the use of force against Iran. Thailand's Anutin Charnvirakul was re-elected as Prime Minister. The US State Department announced the expansion of its visa bond requirement to 50 countries, including Cambodia and Mongolia.
Summary: Italian telecom operators are collaborating to expand 5G network coverage, particularly in underserved rural areas, aiming for nationwide 5G coverage by 2026. Italy is strategically positioning itself as a major data hub connecting Europe, Africa, and the transatlantic region, supported by significant investment in digital infrastructure and data centers, including potential collaborations with U.S.-based BlackRock. Minister Urso highlighted Italy's advantages in connecting continents and its commitment to digital and green transformation. The government is implementing policies to support digital transformation, including funding for 5G and broadband networks, and promoting the digitalization of public services. Italy is also restarting its nuclear program to ensure sufficient energy for its digital infrastructure.
Summary: Several South Korean universities are facing a crisis due to declining enrollment stemming from a shrinking school-age population and a preference for universities in the capital region. Some universities are resorting to unethical practices like "ghost students" to maintain funding and avoid closure. A report suggests focusing on specialized education tied to local industries and transitioning into lifelong learning institutions to broaden the student base. The South Korean government is implementing measures like the "Private University Structure Optimization Act" to facilitate the orderly restructuring of struggling universities and encourage quality enhancement. The article does not discuss or allude to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: The article discusses China's approach to rural revitalization through "片区 (pìan qū)" or regional development zones, where adjacent villages collaborate on planning, resource allocation, and economic development to overcome individual limitations. These zones aim to consolidate resources, promote economies of scale, and address uneven development. Success stories from Qingdao, Hangzhou, and Suzhou highlight increased tourism revenue and improved living standards due to unified branding, resource sharing, and coordinated governance. The article also touches on challenges such as attracting talent, coordinating diverse interests, and avoiding homogenization, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies, robust coordination mechanisms, and strong incentives for participation.
Summary: The article discusses China's "15th Five-Year Plan" strategy of promoting rural revitalization through "regionalized" development, moving beyond single-village efforts to consolidate resources and address imbalances. It emphasizes the importance of integrating resources, mechanisms, and human capital to achieve synergy and avoid simple geographical aggregation. The article stresses the importance of increasing farmer participation, and increasing farmer wealth and public services to drive true rural revitalization. It also acknowledges the challenges such as talent shortages, industrial homogenization, and brand recognition that need to be addressed for the development of the approach.
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Summary: Several articles highlighted China's advancements in green energy and technology, showcasing international collaborations and global outreach initiatives. Foreign journalists visiting China lauded projects like the Longjiang Hydropower Station and the Southern Power Grid Yunnan Electric Power Company, praising China's sustainable practices and technological advancements in renewable energy. Pakistan's *Pakistan Observer* highlighted the significance of the Karachi K-2/K-3 nuclear power plant, a project utilizing China's Hualong One technology. Changan Automobile's global expansion, including a new factory in Thailand, was also featured, emphasizing the company's transition from product exports to brand and industrial globalization, while also mentioning the U.S. as a target market. China Energy Engineering Corporation (中国能建) showcased innovative projects like high-altitude wind power and international collaborations in renewable energy, with a Nigerian news director noting their efforts support global green transition, while Kweichow Moutai was lauded for facilitating cultural exchange.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and concise summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: The article discusses the enduring appreciation for the Franco-Chinese painter Zao Wou-Ki in Locarno, Switzerland, highlighting a recent exhibition, "Zao Wou-Ki: Garden of Symbols," at the Casorella Museum. Curator Veronica Provenzale and museum director Peter Sebastian emphasized Zao's ability to bridge Eastern and Western cultures through his art. The exhibition featured works from 1949 to 1965, largely drawn from the collection of Nesto Jacometti, a Swiss art figure who gifted his Zao collection to Locarno. The article also mentions Peter Karls, a Swiss art lover who wants to bring more attention to Zao Wou-Ki abroad, and describes his efforts to promote Zao's work in the UK and other European locations.
Summary: Saint-Géron, a French village known for its naturally sparkling mineral water, gained international recognition at the 2010 Shanghai World Expo. The water's unique qualities stem from the volcanic geology of the region, and its production is regulated by strict French agricultural and environmental policies. The current owner, Jean-Robert, emphasizes sustainable practices, limiting extraction to preserve the water's natural characteristics. Saint-Géron maintains its commitment to being naturally sparkling, a quality increasingly rare as other brands resort to artificial carbonation.
Summary: This article describes the author's experience visiting Queenstown, New Zealand, located on the shore of Lake Wakatipu and surrounded by mountains. The author recounts the town's natural beauty, including the lake's unique "heartbeat" phenomenon and the surrounding mountain ranges. The article mentions the town's fame as an "adventure capital" due to activities like bungee jumping. A historic steamship named the Earnslaw adds to the area's charm. The piece concludes with reflections on the town's history, particularly its connection to the gold rush era. The United States and U.S. - China relations were not discussed in the article.
Summary: The Foreign Languages Press is publishing a three-volume series of translated books documenting the Nanjing Massacre, aiming to present historical truths through international perspectives and judicial archives. The series includes eyewitness accounts from foreign journalists, such as "What War Means: Japanese Atrocities in China" by Manchester Guardian reporter H.J. Timperley, and evidence and verdicts from the Tokyo and Nanjing tribunals. These books seek to provide a comprehensive understanding of the event, emphasizing both the individual suffering and the international legal response. The project emphasizes the Nanjing Massacre as a shared human tragedy and lesson for the world.
Summary: This short piece provides contact information for the *People's Daily* international affairs section. It lists an email address for submissions and feedback: rmrbbgjfk@peopledaily.cn. The article also credits Cai Huawei for the page layout design. No political content, US-China relations, or official statements are present in this snippet.
Summary: The article discusses the importance of "adapting to local conditions" (因地制宜) for economic development, using the example of the crayfish industry in Xuyi County, Jiangsu, and the development of open-source AI agents. Xuyi transformed crayfish from a pest into a booming industry by leveraging local resources and adapting to market changes. Similarly, regions should focus on developing new productive forces, like AI, based on their existing industrial strengths and resources, rather than blindly copying others. The "15th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes differentiated support policies based on regional functions, indicating a national strategy of tailored development.
Summary: The article discusses the successful "northward migration" of the Lion Head Goose from Shantou, Guangdong, to Fujin, Heilongjiang, overcoming initial challenges through collaborative efforts. Experts from both regions combined southern breeding techniques with northern expertise to adapt the goose to the colder climate. This has boosted the local economy in Fujin, creating a new industry and increasing farmers' incomes. The collaboration between Shantou and Fujin exemplifies how regional strengths can be combined for mutual benefit and rural revitalization. This collaboration has also increased the brand influence of the Lion Head Goose.
Summary: Zheng Xianming, the first secretary stationed in Jiatang Village, Nanlv Town, Tunchang County, Hainan, is leading efforts to revitalize the village's economy. Key initiatives include reclaiming abandoned fish ponds through public auctions, resulting in significant revenue increases, and introducing "Space Lotus No. 36" and high-quality fragrant rice cultivation. Zheng also established a farm machinery service team and collaborated with companies to develop agricultural brands. The village is focusing on agricultural tourism integration, planning to build facilities like a cafe above a lotus pond to improve the quality of life.
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Summary: The article discusses the history and significance of traditional Chinese libraries (藏书楼), highlighting twelve examples and their role in preserving Chinese culture. It emphasizes the dedication of individuals and families in maintaining these collections, such as the story of Fan Qin and his family rules regarding the Tianyi Pavilion library. The article further details the shift from private collections to public access, exemplified by figures like Liu Chenggan and Chen Baozhen, and the establishment of the National Archives of Publications and Culture (中国国家版本馆) as a modern institution for safeguarding cultural heritage. This transition reflects the evolving nature of cultural preservation in China, from private endeavors to a national strategy. The article does not mention the United States.
Summary: The book *War and Industry* analyzes the complex relationship between war and industrial capabilities, highlighting their symbiotic yet sometimes conflicting dynamic. It argues that war catalyzes industrial development by providing direction and resources, while industrial advancements reshape warfare, citing examples from the Napoleonic era to the Cold War. However, the book also explores "misalignments," such as the slow adoption of new technologies due to entrenched military thinking and the ethical dilemmas arising from industrial advancements in warfare, particularly nuclear weapons. The book emphasizes the need to consider the risks of arms races and strategic imbalances when considering the role of industry in warfare. It provides a historical analysis of the interplay between technology, military strategy, politics, and economics in understanding war.
Summary: This article discusses the role of science fiction in a rapidly advancing technological world, arguing that its value lies not in predicting the future, but in providing a unique perspective for examining the world. The author reflects on their own work, *Cha Hai*, and how it uses science fiction to explore themes of memory loss, ecological collapse, and the contrast between AI and human experience. The author contrasts the frictionless experience of consuming short-form video content with the challenging and empathy-building experience of reading a long-form science fiction novel. They argue that science fiction can help people maintain empathy, care, and awareness in the face of technological advancement.
Summary: The provided article discusses a book, "Seeing All of China's Museums: Interesting Knowledge of Thousand-Year-Old Cultural Relics", authored by "北大老杨" (Old Yang of Peking University), that aims to provide a systematic understanding of Chinese cultural relics for museum visitors. Rather than a museum-by-museum guide, the book categorizes relics by type (jade, porcelain, etc.) and explores each category through key questions, contextualizing individual artifacts within broader historical narratives. The author emphasizes the importance of understanding the historical and cultural context of artifacts, using examples like jade artifacts and the He Zun bronze vessel to illustrate this point. The book's success, as evidenced by positive reader feedback and multiple reprints, suggests a demand for more accessible and contextualized museum experiences. The author hopes to bridge the gap between the general public and museums, making history more engaging and understandable. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: The article discusses the upcoming Chinese publication of Miao Desui's biography of Darwin, *Eye of the Species: A Biography of Darwin*. The author, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, praises Miao's extensive research and unique qualifications for writing the biography, stemming from his background in stratigraphy paleontology and his previously translated and published works on Darwin. The article emphasizes the importance of biographies in popularizing science, highlighting their ability to convey scientific knowledge, methods, thought, and spirit. It notes the book is suitable for readers of all ages, and that it illuminates Darwin's personal qualities and intellectual development, and his relationships with other scientists.
Summary: The provided text appears to be a notice from the *People's Daily* indicating an email address and layout designer for the book review section. It contains no information regarding Chinese politics, official statements, actions, or U.S.-China relations. Therefore, a summary focused on those elements is impossible.
By: 本报记者 原韬雄
The question of "for whom" is the primary issue in the view of performance, testing the ruling purpose of a political party and determining the fundamental direction of entrepreneurship.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) profoundly pointed out: "Communists must bear in mind that creating happiness for the people is the greatest achievement." During this year's National People's Congress and Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国两会), the General Secretary once again urged: "Work and start businesses in a down-to-earth manner, and strive to create achievements that can stand the test of practice, the people, and history."
Adhering to achieving performance for the people reflects the unchanging original aspiration of the Chinese Communists.
"Serving the people wholeheartedly is the fundamental starting point and end point of all our party's actions, and it is the fundamental symbol that distinguishes our party from all other political parties."
Creating happiness for the people is Xi Jinping's (习近平) unwavering pursuit. More than half a century ago, when he was an educated youth in Liangjiahe (梁家河), Yanchuan (延川), Shaanxi (陕西), the belief in "doing practical things for the people" took root in the heart of the young Xi Jinping (习近平).
"The people's yearning for a better life is our goal." In November 2012, after the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (党的十八大) closed, Xi Jinping's (习近平) affectionate statement when meeting with Chinese and foreign journalists still warms the hearts of hundreds of millions of Chinese people.
The hearts of the people are the greatest politics. To create happiness for the people, we must always put the people in the highest position in our hearts. Children have access to education, people have jobs, the sick have medical care, the elderly have support, people have housing, and the weak have assistance... Since the new era, the people's thoughts and expectations have been in Xi Jinping's (习近平) heart and integrated into the top-level design of national development.
"General Secretary, you are so busy, but you still come to see us. Thank you so much." Facing the villagers' simple words, Xi Jinping (习近平) replied with a smile: "I am busy with these things. 'The most important thing for the country (国之大者)' is the happy life of the people."
Relying closely on the people to achieve performance, drawing wisdom and strength from the masses.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Establish and practice a correct view of performance and follow the party's mass line in the new era."
The birth of the "Double Eight Strategy (八八战略)" more than 20 years ago is a classic example of practicing the party's mass line, which still gives people profound inspiration.
When he first arrived in Zhejiang (浙江), someone asked Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) to talk about his "governance program." He smiled and said, "I just arrived and don't have the right to speak yet. When the time comes, I will speak."
In-depth understanding of the actual situation is inseparable from investigation and research. In nearly a year, Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) visited 11 cities and 69 counties (cities, districts), widely listened to the voices of grassroots cadres and the masses, and on this basis, systematically planned the "Double Eight Strategy (八八战略)" that benefited future generations.
In the new era of poverty alleviation, the General Secretary traveled to 14 contiguous poverty-stricken areas across the country, built a five-level secretary-led poverty alleviation mechanism, and led the entire party to win the battle against poverty; during the five-year transition period, the General Secretary went deep into the grassroots to conduct research and emphasized that "the bottom line of poverty alleviation must be rock solid"; this year is the first year of transitioning to normalized assistance, and the General Secretary requires "incorporating normalized assistance into the overall implementation of the rural revitalization strategy and firmly guarding the bottom line against large-scale return to poverty."
"Chinese-style modernization is the cause of all Chinese people, and we must rely closely on the people, gather the infinite wisdom and strength contained in the people, and constantly create new historical achievements." On the new journey, the Chinese Communists are always rooted in the people and rely on the people, highlighting the people-oriented nature of modernization, and the creative vitality of hundreds of millions of Chinese people is unprecedentedly bursting forth.
Always accept the people's inspection of performance and strive to deliver a satisfactory answer to the people.
"A gold cup or a silver cup is not as good as the people's reputation. What the people say is good is truly good." "The key to measuring whether a cadre's performance is good or not is whether the people's reputation is good or not." General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has emphasized this many times.
Jiao Yulu (焦裕禄) and Gu Wenchang (谷文昌), these two county party secretaries, are often mentioned by the General Secretary. Carrying the party's entrustment and the people's expectations, Jiao Yulu (焦裕禄) in Lankao (兰考), Henan (河南), and Gu Wenchang (谷文昌) in Dongshan (东山), Fujian (福建), fought against wind and sand, planted trees, and devoted themselves wholeheartedly. To this day, the people of Lankao (兰考) "think of Jiao Yulu (焦裕禄) when they see paulownia trees," and the people of Dongshan (东山) "first worship Duke Gu (谷公) and then worship their ancestors."
With a passion for work, whether the performance can be recognized by the masses must also be measured by the "adaptation" yardstick. On January 20, at the "first class of the year" for provincial and ministerial-level cadres, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) reminded everyone to "calculate the input-output account and improve the adaptation." Adaptation is a perspective in economic law and a measure of "what kind of performance to establish." Scientific and accurate decision-making, without deviating from reality or exceeding the stage, can truly benefit the people and be recognized by the masses.
At the Central Economic Work Conference (中央经济工作会议) held at the end of 2025, the General Secretary clearly pointed out: "The fundamental measure of whether a decision is scientific is whether it is approved and supported by the people and whether it can stand the test of practice and history. The 'three pats' phenomenon of making decisions by patting one's head, expressing opinions by patting one's chest, and leaving by patting one's butt must be resolutely prevented and corrected."
Looking into the depths of history. In October 2020, in Chaozhou (潮州), Guangdong (广东), on the Guangji Building (广济楼). General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) said meaningfully: "Every era must do the things of every era. Whether it is done well or badly, whether the contribution is great or small, history will judge!"
Shortly before the Spring Festival this year, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) said earnestly during his inspection in Beijing (北京): "The '15th Five-Year Plan (十五五)' has already started, and the leading groups at all levels are enthusiastic and energetic, which is good, but the key is that the view of performance must be correct."
Adhering to the general requirements of "ruling for the public, creating happiness for the people, making scientific decisions, and working hard," establishing and practicing a correct view of performance will surely continuously create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
Return to TopBy: 新华社记者
This is a general mobilization to pursue the dream of spring—
On March 12, the fourth session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人大) successfully concluded, and the congress approved the "15th Five-Year Plan" outline, the "blueprint" for China's development in the next five years is spread out before the world.
From the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) to the 2026 National People's Congress (全国两会), the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, keenly observes the times and trends, crises and opportunities, guides the drawing of a new five-year blueprint, and coordinates the deployment of a new development start. The Party's propositions are transformed into national will and common action of the people through legal procedures, gathering the magnificent power to forge ahead on a new journey.
"We must anchor our goals and tasks, strengthen our confidence, take advantage of the momentum, solidly promote high-quality development, further comprehensively deepen reform and opening up, promote common prosperity for all the people, and continue to write new chapters of the Chinese miracle."
A new page of history is being written. Along the direction guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), hundreds of millions of people are striding towards the bright prospects of Chinese-style modernization with a more vigorous posture!
Sounding a new call to action—
"Ensure decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization"
Chinese-style modernization is a long march of pursuing dreams, one journey after another.
In October 2025, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) deliberated and approved the "Suggestions of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development" (中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议). This is the third five-year plan proposal formulated by the Party Central Committee since the new era.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) used "building on the past and opening up the future" to define the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and made a scientific judgment on the development situation: China's development faces both strategic opportunities and risks and challenges, and uncertain and unpredictable factors have increased, but the supporting conditions and basic trends for China's economic and social development to improve in the long term have not changed.
The most important thing to do in cultivating new opportunities in crises and opening up new prospects in changing situations is to concentrate our efforts on managing our own affairs well.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has a broad vision: "We must seize this window of opportunity, consolidate and expand our advantages, remove bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weaknesses, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks concerning the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization."
Scientific judgment has anchored the strategic direction for the "15th Five-Year Plan" development and determined the logic of each step.
After the plenary session, General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) two consecutive activity arrangements fully reflected his far-reaching considerations on future development.
The first foreign visit after the plenary session—from October 30 to November 1, 2025, he went to South Korea to attend the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) (亚太经合组织) Leaders' Informal Meeting and paid a state visit to South Korea, sending a clear signal to the outside world: China will continue to provide new opportunities for the Asia-Pacific region and the world with new achievements in Chinese-style modernization.
The first domestic inspection after the plenary session—in November 2025, he went deep into Hainan (海南) and Guangdong (广东) provinces, requiring that the Hainan Free Trade Port (海南自贸港) be "built into an important gateway leading China's opening up to the outside world in the new era," and hoped that Guangdong (广东) would "promote high-quality development by comprehensively deepening reform and opening up."
One external and one internal, echoing each other, opening arms to embrace the world, and working hard to strengthen the foundation. This is a response to the judgment of the situation and a reflection of grasping the strategic initiative.
From the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) to the 2026 National People's Congress (全国两会), in just a few months, the international situation has been intertwined with changes and chaos, and geopolitical conflicts have continued to escalate, and the complexity, severity, and uncertainty of the external environment have further increased.
In the face of changing circumstances, China calmly responds, steadily advances, and plans for the future step by step.
Systematic deployment to build a solid foundation for development in the next five years.
The start is related to the overall situation, and the first step determines the subsequent momentum. The year 2026 is the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan," and how economic work begins directly affects whether the strategic goals and tasks for the next five years can be implemented and achieve results.
At the Central Economic Work Conference (中央经济工作会议) held in December 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) delivered an important speech. The conference set the tone for the economic policy orientation of the first year with the eight characters of "seeking progress while maintaining stability, improving quality and increasing efficiency" (稳中求进、提质增效), summarized the "five musts" of regularity understanding, and deployed key tasks with "eight insistences"... A series of arrangements led China to win the initiative in a more unstable and uncertain world.
It is necessary to meticulously refine the five-year construction blueprint and grasp the development of the first year.
January 20, 2026, the "first lesson" of the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan."
At the opening ceremony of the seminar for leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial level to study and implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Formulating and implementing five-year plans is an important experience for our party to govern the country" "Local plans and special plans should be well connected with the overall national plan" "We must establish and practice a correct view of political achievements"...
Focusing on the next five years, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) systematically explained the relationship between "new" and "old," internal and external, development and security, economic and social development, clarified cognitive misunderstandings, and dispelled the fog on the road ahead.
There are both profound explanations at the ideological level and clear deployments of specific focus points.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) clearly pointed out at the opening ceremony that building a modern industrial system and achieving an overall leap in the industrial system is an important strategic task during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
Ten days later, the first collective study of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee in the first year focused on forward-looking layout and development of future industries; on the eve of the Spring Festival, the first inspection in the first year, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to the National Information Innovation Park (国家信创园) in Yizhuang, Beijing (北京) to inspect the display of scientific and technological innovation achievements such as artificial intelligence, releasing a clear signal to cultivate and develop new quality productive forces.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "The 'Suggestions' put the construction of a modern industrial system at the top of the list of strategic tasks during the '15th Five-Year Plan' period, which is the result of careful consideration."
Gathering consensus and striving to create a new situation in high-quality development.
During the 2026 National People's Congress (全国两会), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) participated in group deliberations and discussions, discussed state affairs with deputies and members of the CPPCC National Committee, delivered a series of important speeches, clarified the direction, planned development, strengthened confidence, and gathered a strong joint force to embark on a new journey together.
In the Jiangsu (江苏) delegation, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) "highlighted" the economic province: "To complete the economic and social development goals and tasks of the '15th Five-Year Plan,' we need to deal with a more complex environment and solve more deep-seated contradictions" "We must work hard to study new situations and solve new problems and gain experience."
At the joint meeting of the CPPCC National Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Unswervingly follow the path of health and health development with Chinese characteristics" "Promote decisive progress in the construction of a healthy China during the '15th Five-Year Plan' period."
In the delegation of the People's Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that we should give full play to the unique advantages of building the army politically and concentrate our efforts to promote the modernization of national defense and the army to move forward steadily and far.
We must improve our internal skills, strengthen ourselves, accelerate the construction of a healthy China, and promote the modernization of national defense and the army with high quality... General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important guidance has both strategic height and people's livelihood temperature, and issued action orders for all aspects of the "15th Five-Year Plan" start.
Demonstrating the wisdom of whole-process people's democracy—
"Unite top-level design with asking the people for advice"
It is of great significance and arduous task to compile a development blueprint related to more than 1.4 billion people.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) personally served as the leader of the drafting group of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会). From the planning proposal to the planning outline, he personally planned and guided, made important deployments and instructions, guided the study of major issues, and played a leading role from beginning to end.
After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会), in accordance with the requirements of the Party Central Committee, the State Council established a leading group and a drafting group for the preparation of the Planning Outline (纲要草案), fully aligned with the spirit of the Party Central Committee's proposals, and drafted the Planning Outline (纲要草案).
Since the new era, with the national development plan as the leader, special plans, regional plans, and land and space plans are interconnected and coordinated, the unified planning system has become more and more sound, and the strategic guiding role of the national development plan has been better played.
At the Central Economic Work Conference (中央经济工作会议) in 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) put forward further requirements for the preparation of national and local "15th Five-Year Plans" and special plans: "We must strengthen overall planning, streamline and optimize the tasks of planning and preparation that are cross-repeated and lack effectiveness, and prevent excessive and excessive planning. All plans must be realistic and seek real and water-free growth, and promote high-quality and sustainable development."
Comprehensively, deeply, and accurately understanding the strategic deployment of the "15th Five-Year Plan" proposal, the planning outline's planning for work in various fields can be more scientific, forward-looking, and proactive, ensuring that China's development always moves forward in the right direction.
Asking the people for advice and vividly practicing whole-process people's democracy—
Developing whole-process people's democracy is an essential requirement of Chinese-style modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has repeatedly emphasized "uniting top-level design with asking the people for advice."
The drafting of the "15th Five-Year Plan" outline adhered to the principle of open planning, paying attention to strengthening investigation and research and scientific argumentation.
Focusing on key areas and difficult issues, high-level research institutions were organized to form nearly 200 supporting reports; more than 40 surveys were conducted in different types of regions and more than 50 special seminars were held; online consultation was conducted to solicit suggestions from the society, and the suggestions of key groups such as flexible employment personnel, youth, migrant workers, and people with disabilities were fully listened to...
Opening the door to accept advice gathers the wisdom and strength of the people, and the Party's propositions connect the hearts and minds of the people.
After the opening of the 2026 National People's Congress (全国两会), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) participated in group deliberations and discussions three times, listened to the speeches of deputies and members of the CPPCC National Committee, and had in-depth exchanges with everyone to discuss state affairs.
"After I came to work in the central government, I participated in the formulation of the '12th Five-Year Plan' to the '15th Five-Year Plan,' and I have a deep understanding. The process of planning is also a process of promoting whole-process people's democracy." On the afternoon of March 5, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) said with deep feeling when participating in the deliberation of the Jiangsu (江苏) delegation.
The Party Central Committee puts forward planning proposals, the State Council prepares planning outlines, and the National People's Congress reviews, approves, and publishes them for implementation. The compilation of plans continues to write a new chapter in "China's governance," and China's progress is confident and firm.
Establishing short-term and long-term goals and accurately grasping the future development direction—
Opening the "15th Five-Year Plan" outline, "significant achievements have been made in high-quality development" ranks first among the seven major goals of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
In the new five years, we must write a new chapter in high-quality development by uniting our efforts.
The planning outline proposes 5 aspects and 20 major indicators, deploys a number of major strategic tasks from 16 aspects, and determines 109 major projects, showing a panoramic view of China's high-quality development in the next five years.
In the new five years, we must shape new development advantages by overcoming difficulties.
Adhere to focusing on the real economy in developing the economy, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, build a strong domestic market, promote the construction of a unified national market in depth, and fully stimulate the vitality of various business entities... The planning outline focuses on "managing our own affairs well" and fully releases economic potential.
In the new five years, we must mark new progress in common prosperity by improving well-being.
Improve the childcare service system, promote the expansion and quality improvement of basic education, build a high-quality and efficient medical service system, and create a rich and colorful old age life... A series of heart-warming deployments in the planning outline demonstrate the original intention of serving the people.
In the mighty spring breeze and in the democratic hall, the Party's propositions, the national will, and the people's aspirations are closely integrated, gathering into a powerful force to promote national development, demonstrating the strong vitality of "China's governance."
Gathering confidence to stride towards the future—
"Continuously create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization"
The blueprint depicts a grand vision, and the great cause calls for a new departure.
In November 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out profoundly during his inspection in Hainan (海南) and Guangdong (广东) provinces: "Studying, publicizing, and implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会) is a major political task for the entire Party and the entire country in the current and future period."
During the inspection, the General Secretary was very concerned about the "15th Five-Year Plan" preparation work in various places, and urged "to guide the vast number of cadres and the masses to effectively unify their thoughts and actions with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee."
After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (党的二十届四中全会), a large-scale study from top to bottom was fully launched.
The Central Propaganda Group (中宣部) rushed to various places to give lectures, from the Party Central Committee to Party organizations at all levels, from cities to rural areas, from government agencies to enterprises, from communities to schools... The entire Party and the entire country quickly set off a wave of enthusiasm for studying and implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session.
"Unswervingly promote high-quality development" "Accelerate the construction of a new development pattern" "Promote solid progress in common prosperity for all the people" "Better coordinate development and security" "Coordinate and promote work in various fields"...
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made key analyses and profound explanations on the aspects that should be focused on in the implementation of the spirit of the plenary session, further unifying thoughts, gathering consensus, and providing fundamental guidelines for all localities and departments to do practical work.
In the face of new historical positions and new development tasks, only by taking the national development plan as the leader and incorporating the development goals and work priorities of various localities into the overall national development can we play a good game of chess across the country and form a strong joint force to promote the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) clearly required: "When planning economic and social development during the '15th Five-Year Plan' period, all regions should accurately position themselves in the overall national situation and strengthen planning coordination."
Opening the "15th Five-Year Plan" outlines of various places, a series of indicators highlight the focus of development in the next five years:
Zhejiang (浙江) proposed that by 2030, the per capita regional GDP will be close to the level of developed economies; Beijing (北京) set 29 major indicators from six dimensions: innovative development, coordinated development, green development, open development, shared development, and safe and stable development; Shanghai (上海) proposed that by 2030, the added value of the core industries of the digital economy will account for more than 20% of the regional GDP...
Implementing the important instructions and requirements of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), all localities have the "big picture of the country" in mind, stand on the "one side of the land," base themselves on reality and adapt to local conditions, and implement the grand vision of Chinese-style modernization into a "task book" for high-quality development.
In the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan," how to implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session and turn the blueprint into reality is related to the overall situation of modernization construction.
Just after the Spring Festival holiday, the "first meeting of the new year" in various places released a clear signal of high-quality development, clarified the "construction map," drew the "keywords," and conveyed the firm confidence in promoting high-quality development through practical work.
Anhui (安徽) focused on scientific and technological innovation to lead the development of new quality productive forces and made a series of deployments; Zhejiang (浙江) anchored high-quality development to build a demonstration zone for common prosperity and released measures and arrangements; Guangdong (广东) held a provincial high-quality development conference, focusing on the coordinated development of manufacturing and service industries; Fujian (福建) held a symposium for representatives of the private economy to stimulate the strong momentum of "starting the year well"...
Confidence is becoming more firm in overcoming difficulties and uniting and forging ahead.
From suggesting the development of digital infrastructure to deeply cultivating the road of independent innovation, from paying attention to the mental health of young people to speaking out for rural education... At the 2026 National People's Congress (全国两会), facing new situations and new problems, deputies and members of the CPPCC National Committee told the truth, offered good suggestions, and came up with practical measures, allowing the voices from the front line to become a source of living water for gathering national will.
Deliberating, reviewing, and discussing the draft "15th Five-Year Plan" outline, the government work report, and other reports, and three draft laws, true knowledge and insights are fully stimulated here, the direction of development for the future is becoming more firm, and the path of practice is becoming clearer.
"This year's National People's Congress (全国两会) focused on the theme of high-quality development, uniting and encouraging, and inspiring us to overcome difficulties and work hard in the first year, and strive to complete the annual goals and tasks," said Wang Yong (王勇), deputy to the National People's Congress and mayor of Baoji City (宝鸡市), Shaanxi Province (陕西省).
Through this grand meeting of spring, the country's grand plans and the people's expectations are closely integrated, and the entire Party and the entire society have gathered the spirit of doing business and starting a business, injecting a continuous stream of energy and motivation into the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
The grand plan is unfolding, and a new journey is starting; the spring breeze is vast, and all things are competing to develop.
A group of data writes the most vivid footnote for this spring—
A series of data points write the most vivid footnotes for this spring—
During the 9-day Spring Festival holiday, domestic travel reached 596 million trips, with spending exceeding 800 billion yuan, both hitting historical highs. In the first two months, China's total value of goods trade imports and exports reached 7.73 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 18.3%, returning to "double-digit growth" after more than two years. As of the end of February, China's foreign exchange reserve scale was 3,427.8 billion US dollars, continuing to maintain an upward trend month-on-month...
"At a time of world turmoil, China leads the future." The evaluation of the Argentine newspaper *Clarín* website confirms the confidence and strength that China's development injects into the world.
From the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to the National People's Congress, facing the changing world situation, China's progress is steady and strong.
Under the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, unswervingly adhering to the Party's leadership, giving full play to the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, the Party's propositions resonate with the people's aspirations.
On the magnificent journey of pursuing dreams, a new blueprint for development has been drawn, and Chinese-style modernization presents a myriad of scenes. The entire Party, the entire country, and all ethnic groups are more closely united around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, 万众一心 (wàn zhòng yī xīn - "ten thousand people one heart," united as one), striving forward, achieving great undertakings through hard work, and winning the future through innovation, and will surely continue to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), March 19)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 史一棋 刘军国
Spring breezes kiss West Lake (西湖), flowers bloom on its banks, willows sway to the orioles' song, and citizens and tourists stroll in twos and threes, enjoying the spring outing.
It is hard for people to imagine that more than 20 years ago, West Lake (西湖) in Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, was a scenic spot that required a ticket to enter: its area had shrunk, the lake water was polluted, the surrounding buildings were occupied, and the style was uneven, appearing messy and dilapidated.
In 2002, under the care and promotion of Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, the West Lake (西湖) Comprehensive Protection Project was steadily advanced, and the parks around the lake were gradually opened to the public free of charge.
"Communists must bear in mind that benefiting the people is the greatest achievement." At present, in the study and education of establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, revisiting the story of "returning the lake to the people" can better appreciate that profound feeling for the people.
Doing Things with Emotion
"It was here that we fought for 300 days and 'retrieved' 300 years of history." Zhang Jianting (张建庭), former director of the Hangzhou West Lake (杭州西湖) Scenic Area Management Committee, led reporters to Yanggong Causeway (杨公堤), his thoughts returning to November 28, 2002. On that day, Xi Jinping (习近平) Comrade's first stop in Hangzhou (杭州) was West Lake (西湖).
At that time, the water area of West Lake (西湖) had shrunk dramatically, reverting to the state it was 300 years ago, and the "Ten Scenes of West Lake (西湖十景)" were incomplete. Restoring the scenery of West Lake (西湖) was the expectation in the hearts of the citizens of Hangzhou (杭州).
Xi Jinping (习近平) stood at the construction site of the Yanggong Causeway (杨公堤) scenic spot and carefully examined the planning drawings. "Secretary Xi (习书记) said to everyone that the West Lake (西湖) Comprehensive Protection Project is a virtuous and beneficial act that wins the hearts of the people. His words strengthened everyone's confidence, and three days later, the project officially started," said Zhang Jianting (张建庭).
In the following years, West Lake (西湖) restored more than 180 historical and cultural landscapes, and the water area gradually recovered, "one lake reflecting twin pagodas, three causeways traversing the green waves." On October 1, 2003, all parks around the lake were opened to the public free of charge, and West Lake (西湖) Scenic Area also became the first 5A-level scenic spot in China to be opened for free.
"When cadres do things with emotion, the masses feel differently." Gan Ang (干昂), deputy director of the Party Member Education Center of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, said that benefiting the people is not a slogan written on paper, but a temperature engraved in the heart.
This temperature is hidden in the details. Walking down Yanggong Causeway (杨公堤), there is a public toilet across the road. Yang Xiaoru (杨小茹), former director of the Hangzhou West Lake (杭州西湖) World Cultural Heritage Monitoring and Management Center, smiled and said, "There is also a story here." After West Lake (西湖) was opened to the public for free, the public toilets closed as soon as it got dark, which was very inconvenient for citizens who came for a walk in the evening. "Secretary Xi (习书记) said bluntly that this was completely wrong. After that, all public toilets on the West Lake (西湖) were open 24 hours a day for free, and it has continued to this day," said Yang Xiaoru (杨小茹).
Closing the door is a kind of management, and opening the door is a kind of service. A simple choice reflects whether the people are in one's heart. Over the years, with this "emotion," Hangzhou (杭州) City has continued to work hard in optimizing the ecological environment, strengthening the management of scenic area traffic, protecting cultural heritage, and transforming "scenic villages," and the experience of the masses has been continuously optimized.
Cultural Heritage Belongs to All the People
"Returning the lake to the people" in West Lake (西湖) would be insufficient if only the scenery was returned.
After 2002, Xi Jinping (习近平) came to West Lake (西湖) for investigation and research many times. His focus was not only on the landscape but also on the cultural context between the mountains and rivers.
"Secretary Xi (习书记) required that the project should not blindly pursue novelty, but should retain and respect the truly charming 'old' and 'old' things." Zhang Jianting (张建庭) said, "From that time on, Secretary Xi (习书记) raised the protection and development of West Lake (西湖) to the height of world cultural heritage."
How to better present and display culture?
"Secretary Xi (习书记) believed that there should be such a place to centrally display the profound humanistic and natural heritage of West Lake (西湖), so in 2003, he wrote a letter to the main leaders of the Hangzhou (杭州) Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government at that time, proposing to build a West Lake (西湖) Museum." Pan Cangsang (潘沧桑), curator of the Hangzhou West Lake (杭州西湖) Museum, said with great emotion in front of the West Lake (西湖) Museum, "Later, Secretary Xi (习书记) came to the construction site of the West Lake (西湖) Museum to conduct on-site inspections and put forward many guiding opinions, emphasizing that the architectural form of the West Lake (西湖) Museum should conform to the characteristics of West Lake (西湖)."
Under the guidance of this concept, the West Lake (西湖) Museum has become a door to approach West Lake (西湖) culture. Every day, citizens and tourists look at history and talk to the city here.
"Cultural heritage belongs to all the people. Returning the lake to the people and making cultural heritage a public resource shared by all the people not only brings a higher quality of life to the masses but also reshapes the 'soul' of Hangzhou (杭州), a famous historical and cultural city, and embarks on a new path in which the Party Committee and government win praise, the city develops, and the people enjoy tangible benefits," said Chen Guangsheng (陈广胜), Secretary of the Party Group and Director of the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Culture, Radio, Film and Tourism.
Today, people who come to West Lake (西湖) have a richer experience. Passing by Taiziwan Park (太子湾公园), 400,000 tulips are in full bloom in the park. The elderly lead children to identify the flower species, young people hold up cameras to record the flower shadows, and couples whisper to each other... "Every year, many people come here admiringly," said He Lei (何蕾), deputy director of the Hangzhou West Lake (杭州西湖) Scenic Area Management Committee.
Do Not Be an "Official" Without the People in Mind
Beside West Lake (西湖), the Lakeside Residence (湖畔居) teahouse stands quietly in a corner, with simple and elegant decoration. "This used to be a high-end club with a per capita consumption of thousands of yuan, open only to a few people," said Yang Wei (杨薇), the person in charge of Lakeside Residence (湖畔居).
In 2014, Hangzhou (杭州) City strictly implemented the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and carried out a special rectification of "improper practices in clubs." More than 30 high-end business venues on the West Lake (西湖) were all closed and transformed.
On the current price list of Lakeside Residence (湖畔居), morning tea is 1 yuan, a bowl of noodles is 10 yuan, and the lunch set menu covers more than 20 varieties of rice noodles and snacks. "We hope to provide people who come to consume with urban cultural memories. Here, you can taste not only tea but also the true taste of a happy life," said Yang Wei (杨薇).
"General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) profoundly pointed out that 'public resources cannot be monopolized and enjoyed by a few people, let alone engage in unhealthy trends and corrupt social customs.'" Zhuge Jianqing (诸葛建清), Secretary of the Party Working Committee of Shangtang Street (上塘街道), Gongshu District (拱墅区), Hangzhou (杭州) City, said, "The rectification of 'improper practices in clubs' directly hits stubborn malpractices in work style. The closure and transformation of clubs closes the door to extravagance and opens the door to being close to the people. Now, citizens and tourists can enter the store to consume, chat while drinking tea, and also see the lake view through the window, truly achieving the goal of returning the lake to the people and returning the scenery to the people."
"'Returning the lake to the people' provides the most vivid practical example for Party members and cadres in the city to establish and practice a correct view of performance." Wu Yong (吴勇), Deputy Minister of the Organization Department of the Hangzhou (杭州) Municipal Party Committee, said that he was deeply impressed by the article "Do Not Be an 'Official' Without the People in Mind," "Making the people happy is the cause of the Party, and the people's praise is the real praise. Bearing in mind the entrustment and benefiting the people, we must make good use of the valuable wealth left to Hangzhou (杭州) by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), guide the vast number of Party members and cadres to establish and practice a correct view of performance, focus on the urgent needs and expectations of the masses, and earnestly do practical things for the people's livelihood, so that the fruits of development can benefit all the people more and more fairly."
The story of "returning the lake to the people" is passed down from mouth to mouth on the banks of West Lake (西湖). Always putting the people in the highest position in the heart and establishing and practicing a correct view of performance is a compulsory course for every Party member and cadre on the new journey.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 谷业凯 喻思南
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must comprehensively promote industrialization and large-scale application, cultivate large software enterprises with international influence, focus on breakthroughs in key software, promote the software industry to become bigger and stronger, and enhance the technological innovation and supply capabilities of key software."
Railway 12306 is the world's largest real-time ticketing system, processing millions of queries per second during the Spring Festival travel season. At peak times, it sells thousands of tickets per second, with daily visits reaching over 80 billion. The system also needs to lock seats in real-time, prevent overselling, support standby ticketing, and dynamically release tickets. However, it only takes users 2 to 3 seconds from submitting a request to receiving a ticket.
Amidst the "traffic surge" of "hundreds of millions of users and second-level ticket grabbing," domestic databases have not only played a crucial supporting role but have also become the foundation and engine for the stable, efficient, and secure operation of the system. In recent years, China has continuously increased its investment in the research and development of underlying key technologies for databases. More and more domestic databases have broken the long-term monopoly of international manufacturers, empowering the digital transformation of thousands of industries.
Databases are crucial to national economy and people's livelihood and are a key core technology in the software field. Data from the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology shows that China's database market size is nearly 60 billion yuan, with 164 database products. One out of every four database companies in the world comes from China. Domestic databases that can withstand pressure, store data securely, and perform calculations efficiently have become a concentrated microcosm of China's breakthrough in basic software technology and its development towards new and better directions.
"The computers we are familiar with started with 'calculation,' but the most important application is data management." In the late 1970s, Feng Yucai (冯裕才), chairman and founder of Wuhan Dameng Database Co., Ltd. (武汉达梦数据库股份有限公司), went to Wuhan Iron and Steel (武钢) to participate in technical studies. At that time, the hot rolling workshop of Wuhan Iron and Steel invested heavily in importing an unattended management system from abroad. Unexpectedly, after debugging the equipment, the foreign engineers destroyed three truckloads of technical data on the spot.
Witnessing this scene, Feng Yucai (冯裕才) was determined to develop China's own database system. After eight years of effort, he used Pascal language to develop China's first domestic database management system prototype with independent copyright.
As a fully self-developed native distributed database, OceanBase (海扬数据库) values the "ultimate mastery" of code above all else. From the day it was born, OceanBase (海扬数据库) insisted on not adopting "borrowed ideas" but instead focused on the independent control of "root technology," writing kernel code from scratch. Yang Zhenkun (阳振坤), the founder, once wrote more than 100 pages of code specifications, and the team also proofread tens of thousands of function logics line by line.
In the view of Yang Chuanhui (杨传辉), chief technology officer of OceanBase (海扬数据库), this is something that has to be done: "We are doing infrastructure, and we must take the most rigorous and responsible attitude." In October 2019, OceanBase (海扬数据库) topped the international authoritative database list, breaking the 9-year monopoly of foreign manufacturers.
While native distributed databases have made breakthroughs, China has also achieved transcendence in the cloud-native database track. In January 2025, Alibaba Cloud's (阿里云) PolarDB cloud-native database topped the TPC-C benchmark test list. This test, known as the "Olympics" of the database field, can simulate 1.6 billion users going online for transactions simultaneously. In the test, PolarDB completed 2.2 trillion data operations, with a volatility of only 0.16%, ensuring 100% data correctness, and set new world records for both performance and cost-effectiveness with 2.055 billion transactions per minute and a unit cost of 0.8 yuan.
Wang Yuan (王远), head of Alibaba Cloud's (阿里云) database product management and technology architecture department, said that it is precisely because of world-class challenges such as China's "Double 11" that domestic databases have developed world-class technology, constantly evolving towards extreme performance and simpler, better, and easier-to-use directions.
From the laboratory to the market, domestic databases have to pass not only the technical barrier but also the trust barrier. Many years ago, the market share of foreign database products once accounted for more than 80%, almost monopolizing the core systems of key industries such as finance, telecommunications, and energy. For these industries, foreign database products are almost the "default option." Even if they may be using "50-year-old theories and 20-year-old technologies," they can still firmly occupy the market. "Unable to change, afraid to change" was once an obstacle in front of domestic databases.
"Even a 1-second pause in the database can have a big impact." Yang Chuanhui (杨传辉) admitted, "Especially the financial industry, the requirements for databases are extremely strict. It is a 'tough bone' to crack in applications. Customers have 'drawn many question marks' regarding performance, cost, availability, and reliability. We can only explain it little by little and win trust with technology."
In order to prove that domestic databases work, OceanBase (海扬数据库) overcame difficulties, and the team often stationed in research and development. For more than 10 years, OceanBase (海扬数据库) has not only supported all the core accounts of Alipay but has also been running stably in more than 300 financial institutions, with over 4,000 customers.
Basic software requires long-term investment and more market support. From peripheral systems to high-end market core systems, Dameng (达梦) has spent more than 10 years overcoming database shared storage cluster technology. This technology was once only mastered by one foreign database manufacturer. It is precisely from market demand that Dameng (达梦) has made breakthroughs in this field.
"Good software is used. Especially databases, which need to be repeatedly polished in practice to continuously iterate and adapt to the market." Feng Yucai (冯裕才) said, "Over the years of development, the guidance of national strategy has been crucial."
Today, domestic databases have become the "standard configuration" in key basic fields, and the reason for purchasing domestic databases has changed from "can buy" to "worth buying." Increasingly powerful domestic databases are also actively "going out." From ride-hailing software in Southeast Asia to smart cities in the Middle East, from e-commerce upstarts in Africa to digital banks in Latin America, domestic databases provide new choices for global Internet applications. "Currently, Alibaba Cloud's (阿里云) database services cover 29 regions and 92 availability zones," said Li Feifei (李飞飞), senior vice president of Alibaba Cloud (阿里云).
In the past, talent and basic research were one of the biggest shortcomings in the development of domestic databases. Companies used foreign databases, and universities also taught foreign databases. In recent years, China's scientific research strength in the database field has steadily increased, and the degree of integration of industry, academia, and research has continued to deepen.
From 2022 to 2024, the average contribution of Chinese enterprises and universities to the world's three major database academic conferences accounted for 40.70%, 46.35%, and 54.09% respectively. At the same time, open-source database root communities represented by openGauss (开源高斯) gather universities, enterprises, and individual developers, and promote the rapid transformation from basic theory to industrial application through efficient cooperation models.
Currently, new technology iterations such as artificial intelligence have brought another development opportunity for domestic databases. Li Feifei (李飞飞) said: "We have already started the first batch in the 'AI native' direction, and we will accelerate in the future."
Return to TopMarch 20th, the Spring Equinox arrives. In recent days, farmers in many places have been seizing the agricultural season, actively engaging in various agricultural production activities such as spring plowing and spring management, presenting a busy scene in the fields.
The picture shows on March 19th, in Yinjiayuan Village (尹家园村), Liuqiao Town (刘桥镇), Nantong City (南通市), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), farmers are driving agricultural machinery to carry out field management operations on wheat.
Photo by Zhai Huiyong (翟慧勇) (Image China)
Return to TopAccording to a report in this newspaper from Beijing on March 19th (Reporter: Yu Jingxian (郁静娴)), with the temperature rising, spring farming is gradually unfolding across the country. Currently, early rice in the south has begun nursery cultivation, and winter wheat in the north has fully turned green.
Agricultural situation monitoring by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部) shows that the intended area for spring-sown grain this year is slightly increasing steadily. Nursery cultivation in the Yangtze River (长江) basin will begin in mid-to-late March, and in Northeast China (东北) it will begin in early April. Corn and soybeans will be sown on a large scale around May 1st.
Summer grain is the first season of grain production for the entire year. Affected by the rare continuous rainy weather last autumn, winter wheat growth before winter was relatively small and weak, and the seedling situation was complex. Various regions have adopted classified and precise policies, scientifically promoting the transformation of weak seedlings into strong ones. Coupled with the influence of a warm winter, winter wheat has turned green earlier, and the seedling situation has transformed quickly. According to the latest agricultural situation monitoring, the proportion of first and second-class winter wheat seedlings currently exceeds 80%, an increase of more than 30 percentage points compared to before winter.
The concentration of advanced elements has made the spring farming and spring management site a "technology home field."
Seeds are of higher quality. Jiangxi (江西) has released a rice production seed use guide, selecting 9 excellent early rice varieties suitable for different rice-growing areas within the province to promote the optimization of variety layout. In Hunan (湖南), low-cadmium varieties such as "Zhong'an Early 35 (中安早35)" and "Long'an Early No. 11 (隆安早11号)" have become the main promoted early rice varieties this year.
Nursery cultivation is more efficient. At the nursery cultivation factory of Hunan Daduizhang Agricultural Co., Ltd. (湖南大队长农业有限公司) in Taojiang County (桃江县), Yiyang City (益阳市), Hunan Province, unmanned transport vehicles operate efficiently, and seedlings germinated from darkroom germination can enter the intelligent nursery cultivation greenhouse in less than 10 minutes. Currently, Yiyang City (益阳市) has built over one million square meters of centralized nursery cultivation facilities.
Field management is more refined. Various regions are closely following the agricultural season, promoting technology to enter villages and households, and opening up the "last mile" of technology to the fields. In Xiajin County (夏津县), Dezhou City (德州市), Shandong Province (山东省), multi-spectral drones generate "seedling condition maps" to help formulate personalized fertilization plans. In Fengqiu County (封丘县), Xinxiang City (新乡市), Henan Province (河南省), the "Field Manager (田管家)" digital management platform efficiently connects agricultural needs, helping spring farming and spring management.
Since the beginning of this year, the Agricultural Bank of China (中国农业银行) has increased its financial support for spring plowing and preparation, with loans related to the supply of grain and important agricultural products growing by more than 150 billion yuan. At the end of February, the balance of agricultural machinery corporate loans increased by 20% compared to the beginning of the year, helping intelligent agricultural machinery equipment to be applied to front-line production. (Related reports can be found on the second page)
Return to TopBy: 嘉 佑
Laying out future industries means investing in the next era.
How to pinpoint the right direction? The approach of the Shanghai Future Industry Fund (上海未来产业基金) is enlightening. Closely following the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee (党中央), focusing on innovation trends, and promoting in-depth cooperation between investors, scientists, and entrepreneurs will accelerate the transformation of cutting-edge technologies into industrial reality. To date, the fund has cumulatively invested in 61 projects with a total amount of nearly 5 billion yuan.
To seize the initiative in developing the "no man's land," strategic vision is essential. In the opening year of the "15th Five-Year Plan," the Politburo (中央政治局) held its first collective study session focusing on the development of future industries; the "15th Five-Year Plan" outline proactively lays out future industries... A profound understanding of industrial laws is being transformed into tangible development coordinates.
To seize opportunities in a major era of transformation, one must rely on practical hard work. Currently, China has cumulatively deployed more than 100 future industry innovation "unveiling and leading" tackling tasks, creating a number of typical application scenarios, and the development engine of future industries has been ignited.
Finding the right foothold from the tide of technology, social needs, and trends of the times, using long-termism to traverse cycles, and opening roads and building bridges with dedication and hard work, the future is at our feet.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Hangzhou, March 19th. Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, conducted research in Zhejiang (浙江) from March 18th to 19th. He emphasized the need to adhere to Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as guidance, earnestly study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech during the Two Sessions, implement the deployment requirements of the Fourth Session of the 14th National People's Congress, anchor the "15th Five-Year Plan" goals and tasks to fulfill duties, adhere to, improve, and operate the people's congress system well, and promote the high-quality development of people's congress work while maintaining stability and seeking progress.
Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠) conducted research in Hangzhou (杭州) on enterprise technological innovation and the application of cutting-edge technology research and development achievements, and inspected the development of the digital economy, future industries, and the integration of industry and city. He went to Yiwu (义乌) to understand the development of sea-port intermodal transport, business environment construction, and foreign trade. He pointed out that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made important instructions on economic provinces working hard to study new situations, solve new problems, and gain experience. We must earnestly implement the major policies and guidelines of the Party Central Committee, focus on developing new quality productive forces in accordance with local conditions, enhance economic resilience, and broaden the path to common prosperity, actively do a good job in the legislative work of the People's Congress, strive to promote the solution of outstanding contradictions and problems restricting economic and social development, and continuously summarize, inherit, improve, and enhance, and fulfill the duties of the People's Congress work.
Li Hongzhong (李鸿忠) emphasized the need to thoroughly implement Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on the rule of law, General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important thought on upholding and improving the system of people's congresses, unswervingly follow the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the organic unity of the Party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, develop whole-process people's democracy, and give full play to the advantages of the people's congress system; focus on building a more complete socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics and building a socialist country under the rule of law at a higher level, strengthen legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas, deeply promote scientific legislation, democratic legislation, and legislation according to law, and promote high-quality economic and social development on the track of the rule of law; earnestly implement the newly formulated National Development Plan Law, correctly perform the duties of the People's Congress in supervising the implementation of the "15th Five-Year Plan," and transform institutional advantages into development momentum and governance effectiveness. It is necessary to promote the construction of the "four organs" of the People's Congress and its Standing Committee in an integrated manner, establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, adhere to achieving political achievements for the people and achieving political achievements through hard work, and better serve the overall work of the Party and the country.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 林丽鹂
Products are becoming lower in quality as competition intensifies, with a certain power bank manufacturer being investigated for violating mandatory product certification regulations and engaging in false advertising. The more platforms "compete," the greater the pressure on merchants, and several food delivery platforms have been summoned for talks due to "subsidy wars." "Involutionary" (内卷式) competition is a type of low-price, low-quality, and low-level competition that not only disrupts the market and reduces the efficiency of market resource allocation, eroding the long-term competitiveness of enterprises, but also affects the optimization and upgrading of industrial structures and high-quality development.
In response to typical "involutionary" behaviors in market competition, a series of measures have been introduced since last year. What is the progress in comprehensively rectifying "involutionary" competition? A reporter conducted interviews.
Strengthening Regulation of "Involutionary" Competition Such as Forced Promotions and Commercial Defamation
"The platform requires hotels to enable the 'Price Adjustment Assistant.' Once it detects that our pricing is higher than other platforms, it automatically lowers the price without notifying us," a hotel operator told reporters about their experience of being forced to intervene in pricing by a certain platform. Recently, under regulatory pressure, the platform took down the "Price Adjustment Assistant" feature, which has positive significance for alleviating price "involution" in the hotel industry.
At the beginning of this year, the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局) issued the *Antitrust Compliance Guidelines for Internet Platforms* (*互联网平台反垄断合规指引*), listing eight risk examples such as "lowest price on the entire network" and platforms selling below cost, clarifying the content and specific requirements for compliance of Internet platform enterprises, which helps to improve market expectations, guide enterprises to operate legally, and prevent problems before they occur.
The revised Anti-Unfair Competition Law (反不正当竞争法) in June 2025 strengthens the regulation of new and typical "involutionary" competition. For example, in response to platforms violating the wishes of operators within the platform, forcibly requiring price reductions and promotions, and even requiring the "lowest price on the entire network," it is clearly stipulated that operators within the platform shall not be forced or indirectly forced to sell goods at prices below cost according to their pricing rules, disrupting market competition order. In response to the behavior of some operators hiring "internet water armies" to maliciously slander other operators, it fills the legal gap and expands the object of commercial defamation from "competitors" to "other operators," more comprehensively regulating relevant defamation behaviors. A series of institutional rules are constantly improved, aiming to solve the "involutionary" competition problem with practical and hard measures.
Strengthening Certification Supervision of Products with Prices Significantly Lower Than Cost on the Market
Some media reported that a consumer left a power bank charging on the sofa and forgot to unplug it when leaving home. In just 3 hours, it caused a tragedy, and almost everything in the house was burned, resulting in heavy losses. Inferior power banks are a typical example of "the more the market competes, the lower the product quality," which ultimately infringes on consumer rights.
How to prevent the risk of product quality decline that may be brought about by "involutionary" competition among production enterprises?
Yang Dong (杨冬), Deputy Director of the Certification Supervision and Management Department of the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局认证监督管理司), believes that mandatory product certification is an important means to reduce institutional transaction costs and safeguard the bottom line of product quality and safety. Under the pressure of "involutionary" competition, enterprises' impulse to reduce costs increases, and the potential risks of product quality are further increased. Strengthening product consistency management has become a basic element to give full play to the role of the mandatory product certification system.
The regulatory authorities will carry out a special action to "guard the bottom line" of the mandatory product certification system. Strengthen the daily supervision of mandatory product certification designated institutions, carry out continuous compliance verification of the institutions' ability conditions, and establish a bi-monthly scheduling mechanism for designated institutions for key products. Improve the level of refined management, require certification institutions to strengthen risk identification, make good use of "cost accounting" methods, and strengthen certification supervision of products with prices significantly lower than cost on the market. Formulate management regulations for product certification institutions to establish certification quality directors and certification project quality supervisors, and strengthen the implementation of responsibilities to individuals. Strengthen the inspection of raw materials and important parts in the implementation of certification, and promote the improvement of enterprises' quality assurance capabilities and product consistency levels.
Reducing Disorderly Competition in Key Industries and Regulating the Behavior of Local Governments
What policy measures have been introduced since last year in response to "involution" behavior?
In response to phenomena such as "subsidy wars" on Internet platforms, the *Basic Requirements for Service Management of Food Delivery Platforms* (*外卖平台服务管理基本要求*) was implemented, stipulating the overall requirements for service management of food delivery platforms, including merchant management, pricing behavior, protection of the rights and interests of delivery personnel, protection of consumer rights and interests, and requirements for complaints, appeals, and handling, improving service quality, and reducing disorderly competition.
In response to phenomena such as "emphasizing marketing and neglecting quality" and "low price and low quality" in the field of online sales, the *Guiding Opinions on Improving the Quality of Products and Services on Online Trading Platforms* (*关于提升网络交易平台产品和服务质量的指导意见*) provides institutional guarantees for promoting the virtuous cycle of "high quality and high price."
In order to promote the high-quality development of new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, and the photovoltaic industry, the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局) deployed the development of 167 national standards in the field of "new three items" (新三样) in 2025, using quality and safety, energy efficiency, and classification standards to promote the governance of "involutionary" competition among "new three items" enterprises. Zhu Meina (朱美娜), Deputy Director of the Standards Technology Management Department of the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局标准技术管理司), introduced that as of the end of 2025, China has cumulatively released 57 relevant national standards, and will further accelerate the development of relevant national standards to lead the high-quality development of the "new three items" with standards.
Zhao Chunlei (赵春雷), Deputy Director of the Competition Policy Coordination Department of the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局竞争政策协调司), introduced that deeply implementing the fair competition review system and strengthening law enforcement against the abuse of administrative power to exclude and restrict competition are important measures to regulate improper government intervention in market competition. In 2025, market regulatory departments at all levels carried out a series of work in implementing the fair competition review system and strengthening administrative monopoly law enforcement.
Improve the fair competition review system to further draw a clear line for government behavior. The *Implementation Measures for the Fair Competition Review Regulations* (*公平竞争审查条例实施办法*) were promulgated, detailing the 4 aspects and 19 standards stipulated in the regulations into 66 prohibitive situations. The *Regulations on Preventing the Abuse of Administrative Power to Exclude and Restrict Competition* (*制止滥用行政权力排除、限制竞争行为规定*) were revised, adding types of behavioral manifestations, strengthening illegal punishment and accountability, and consolidating the institutional foundation for breaking local protectionism and administrative monopoly.
In the next step, the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局) will promote all regions and departments to deeply implement the *Fair Competition Review Regulations* (*公平竞争审查条例*), continue to break local protectionism and market segmentation, promote a better combination of an effective market and a promising government, deeply rectify "involutionary" competition, and help promote the construction of a unified national market in depth.
Return to TopAccording to a report from the Ministry of Finance (财政部) by reporter Qu Zhehan (曲哲涵) in Beijing (北京) on March 19th, from January to February, the national general public budget revenue was 4.42 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.7% year-on-year. The national general public budget expenditure was 4.67 trillion yuan, an increase of 3.6% year-on-year, and key expenditures such as the "three guarantees" at the grassroots level were well protected.
From January to February, the national tax revenue was 3.64 trillion yuan, an increase of 0.1% year-on-year. By tax type, domestic value-added tax increased by 4.7%, mainly driven by the growth of industrial services and the narrowing of the decline in ex-factory prices of industrial producers; domestic consumption tax decreased by 6.2%, mainly due to the decrease in cigarette consumption tax; value-added tax and consumption tax on imported goods increased by 12.9%, mainly due to the rapid growth of foreign trade imports at the beginning of the year; export tax rebates for value-added tax and consumption tax were 556.9 billion yuan, an increase of 49.4 billion yuan year-on-year, an increase of 9.7%, which strongly supported the growth of foreign trade exports; corporate income tax decreased by 3.9%, mainly because some final settlement income tax was put into the treasury earlier in the same period last year, raising the base; individual income tax decreased by 6.9%, mainly because the Spring Festival last year was earlier, and the individual income tax paid for the concentrated distribution of year-end bonuses and dividends in 2024 was put into the treasury earlier, raising the base, while the Spring Festival this year was in mid-to-late February, and the relevant tax revenue will be postponed to the treasury, and will correspondingly drive a significant rebound in the growth of individual income tax in March; the stamp tax on securities transactions increased by 1.1 times, mainly due to the active stock market trading and the increase in transaction volume. By industry, the tax revenue of equipment manufacturing, modern service industries and other industries continued to perform well. The tax revenue of the computer communication equipment manufacturing industry increased by 9%, the tax revenue of the electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry increased by 9.5%, the tax revenue of the scientific research and technical service industry increased by 15.8%, and the tax revenue of the cultural, sports and entertainment industry increased by 9.8%.
The national general public budget expenditure was front-loaded, and expenditures in key areas were well protected. Financial departments at all levels conscientiously implemented the spirit of the Central Economic Work Conference (中央经济工作会议), continued to implement a more proactive fiscal policy, maintained the necessary expenditure intensity, continued to optimize the expenditure structure, coordinated the use of various funds, and focused on doing a good job in various tasks during the New Year's Day and Spring Festival, and the expenditure progress was reasonably accelerated. Among them, social security and employment expenditure increased by 8.6%, health expenditure increased by 17.3%, housing security expenditure increased by 9%, urban and rural community expenditure increased by 7.7%, and energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure increased by 5.4%.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 郁静娴
To facilitate understanding of policies benefiting farmers, agriculture-related businesses, and various sectors of society, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (农业农村部) recently released a list of central government financial policies for 2026 that strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich rural areas, listing the areas and recipients of subsidies and support for each policy.
The list includes 16 stable policies that strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich rural areas: arable land fertility protection subsidies, agricultural machinery purchase and application subsidies, wheat "one spray three preventions" subsidies, soybean-corn strip intercropping subsidies, corn and soybean producer subsidies and rice subsidies, crop rotation and fallow subsidies, agricultural socialization service subsidies, improved seed and farming technology promotion subsidies, compulsory culling subsidies, fishing vessel and onboard facility and equipment renovation subsidies, fishery resource conservation subsidies, fisherman vessel reduction and industry transition subsidies, grassland grazing ban subsidies and grass-livestock balance rewards, agricultural insurance premium subsidies, inter-provincial employment transportation subsidies, and the Rain and Dew Program.
Regarding agricultural socialization service subsidies, funds are mainly used to support various service entities in providing specialized and convenient services to small farmers, focusing on advanced and applicable technologies such as large-scale yield improvement of grain and oil crops, promoting the application of integrated comprehensive solutions to promote high-yield and high-quality, cost-saving and loss-reducing; key links and single-link service subsidies focus on urgently needed bottleneck constraints such as precision grain sowing.
Regarding agricultural insurance premium subsidies, continued agricultural insurance premium subsidies are provided for 16 major agricultural products in three categories: planting, breeding, and forestry. On the basis of provincial financial subsidies of not less than 25%, the central government provides subsidies of 35% and 45% for planting insurance in the eastern region, central and western regions, and northeastern region, respectively, and subsidies of 40% and 50% for breeding insurance, respectively. Full cost insurance and planting income insurance policies for the three major grain crops of rice, wheat, and corn, as well as soybeans, are fully implemented nationwide. In addition, the central government arranges a certain amount of funds each year to support local advantageous and characteristic agricultural product insurance through reward-based policies.
Regarding inter-provincial employment transportation subsidies, funds are mainly used to support subsidy recipients in going out to work and employment, reducing the cost of working and employment. Those who are at risk of returning to poverty and those who need continued assistance from the original registered poor population who meet the conditions for inter-provincial employment can be arranged for one round-trip transportation subsidy each year.
For the above policies, the central government financial funds are calculated and distributed to the provinces according to the prescribed factors, and the provinces, in accordance with the requirements and in combination with local realities, organize the grassroots to refine the subsidy scope, support objects, and subsidy standards, and make public announcements in accordance with the regulations. The relevant direct subsidy funds are directly paid to households through the "one card system" ("一卡通").
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 19th (Reporter Wang Zheng (王政)) The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (工业和信息化部), the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委), and the State Administration for Market Regulation (市场监管总局) jointly convened a symposium for enterprises in the new energy vehicle industry on March 17th to deploy key tasks such as further standardizing the competitive order of the new energy vehicle industry, enhancing industrial innovation capabilities, expanding automobile consumption, and optimizing industry management.
Regarding strengthening departmental coordination, reinforcing innovation-driven development, and continuously promoting high-quality industrial development, the meeting made arrangements in four aspects. First, consolidate and deepen the effectiveness of regulating the competitive order of the industry, strengthen price monitoring and cost investigation, study and standardize automobile financial policies, normalize and sustain in-depth rectification of online chaos in the industry, and urge enterprises to strictly implement the 60-day account period commitment.
Second, implement a new round of high-quality development actions for key industrial chains, accelerate efforts to address shortcomings in automotive chips, basic software, etc., promote the expansion of application scale, and iteratively improve quality and performance; accelerate breakthroughs in autonomous driving technology, optimize access pilot processes, accelerate the formulation of relevant standards, and create favorable conditions for mass production.
Third, deeply implement special actions to boost consumption, solidly promote automobile trade-ins, promote the large-scale application of new energy heavy trucks, compile and issue policy documents to promote the healthy development of the automobile modification market, and fully stimulate market consumption potential; improve the level of financial credit services, strengthen international logistics transportation guarantees, and support automobile export trade and overseas development.
Fourth, improve the institutional system, accelerate the legislative process of the Regulations on the Administration of Access to Motor Vehicle Production, and establish a sound, open, scientific, and efficient automobile industry governance system; strengthen the identification of risks and hidden dangers, strictly control product access, strengthen supervision and inspection of production consistency, and 守牢 (shǒu láo - "firmly guard," to firmly maintain or safeguard) the bottom line of product quality and safety.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 杨 迅
Gangzhongping Area is a 10,000-mu comprehensive demonstration area for grain production in Xiejiapu Town (谢家铺镇), Dingcheng District (鼎城区), Changde (常德), Hunan (湖南). This year, its modern agricultural service center has officially started operation. In addition to providing one-stop agricultural services, a centralized seedling raising center has also been built.
The seedling raising center is equipped with many high-tech facilities. Integrated seed soaking and germination machines, dark germination rooms, modern seedling raising assembly lines, and intelligent seedling raising greenhouses are all available. These intelligent equipment and facilities can precisely control temperature and humidity and complete sowing in an integrated manner, greatly improving seedling quality and seedling raising efficiency.
The day before the Spring Equinox, Kuang Songguo (匡松国), a large grain grower, and his fellow villagers were busy with the pre-treatment of rice seeds in the seedling raising greenhouse. From careful screening to ultrasonic "awakening," each step is meticulous and in place.
"Don't underestimate these trivial steps, they have a big impact!" Kuang Songguo (匡松国) said with a smile to the farmers around him, "With these procedures, the seeds are like wearing a layer of 'protective armor,' which can prevent diseases and insects, and also stimulate vitality, so that the seeds no longer 'doze off'."
"Look at this big guy, it's quite capable!" Kuang Songguo (匡松国) operated an integrated seed soaking and germination machine. As long as the seed soaking mode is started with one click, the sprinkler will automatically spray water. After the water volume reaches the standard, it enters the circulation state. After 20 hours, it can be switched to the germination mode and controlled at a constant temperature of 32 degrees Celsius, providing the best environment for seed germination. "The traditional method of soaking and germinating seeds takes six or seven days, but this equipment can complete it in two days," said Kuang Songguo (匡松国).
Nearby, a modern seedling raising assembly line is running at high speed, becoming the "best helper" for spring plowing production. The assembly line is fully automated, with seamless connection of processes such as tray feeding, tray dividing, soil loading, sowing, and soil covering. Staff only need to put the seedling trays and seeds into the designated feeding port, and the equipment will accurately and efficiently complete the entire seedling raising process. Not only is the speed fast, but the seedlings produced are also very neat.
In earlier years, seed and seedling raising relied entirely on experience to "**闯关**" (chuǎng guān - "break through barriers," to overcome difficulties based on experience). Sowing relied on manual broadcasting, making it difficult to control the uniformity, and the seedlings grew unevenly. Fertilization relied on feeling to "**下料**" (xià liào - "add ingredients," to apply fertilizer based on intuition), with farmers controlling the amount themselves. Too much would burn the roots and wither the seedlings, while too little would make the seedlings listless. Even ventilation and temperature control relied entirely on a sense of touch, often leading to temperature imbalances and affecting seedling growth. Farmers spent all day around the seedling fields, busy and constantly on the go, but often could not raise good seedlings.
Kuang Songguo (匡松国) calculated an account: through the assembly line, the average daily seedling raising area per person can reach more than 130 mu. In the past, pure manual seedling raising could only raise a maximum of 10 mu per person per day. Compared in this way, the efficiency has increased by more than 10 times, and the saved manpower and time can be used to do a lot more agricultural work.
"Master Kuang (匡) knows so much, he is knowledgeable in everything. We admire his spirit of studying new technologies from the bottom of our hearts." Huang Jianglin (黄江林), a technician from Zoomlion Smart Agriculture (中联智慧农业), who had unknowingly stood aside to "steal" learning, couldn't help but admire.
Kuang Songguo (匡松国) smiled honestly: "In our line of work, the more we know, the more confident we are. Now farming needs to be intelligent, and if we don't study, we will fall behind. Young people learn quickly, we communicate more, and together we will raise good seedlings and grow good grain."
Relying on the intelligent seedling raising model, the seedlings cultivated by the seedling raising center are neat and uniform, with thick stems, developed roots, and stronger resistance to diseases, pests, and adversity than traditional methods. This directly enhances the confidence of farmers, allowing the benefits of scientific and technological farming to truly fall into the harvest of farmers.
In addition to seedling raising, spring plowing links such as field management have also kept up with the pace of technological development.
Huang Jianglin (黄江林) pointed to the operation interface of the smart farm and patiently explained to the farmers: "This is a visual map of the smart farm, and the distribution of plots and types of crops are clear at a glance. You only need to enter the corresponding seed varieties, and the platform can automatically generate an exclusive planting calendar and a full-cycle agricultural operation plan, and the management points of each link are clear."
In the core area of Gangzhongping (港中坪), more than 40 sets of Internet of Things equipment, such as agricultural meteorological stations, insect condition monitoring lamps, intelligent sluice gates, soil moisture sensors, and unmanned aerial vehicle automatic nests, operate around the clock. Soil moisture, real-time weather, crop growth, and other data are collected and uploaded in real time, clearly presented on the farmer's mobile phone, and agricultural production is accelerating from an "experience-driven" model to a "data-enabled" new model.
(Xiong Dan (熊丹) participated in the writing)
This issue is coordinated by: Cui Bin (崔斌)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 谷业凯 喻思南
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must comprehensively promote industrialization and large-scale application, cultivate large software enterprises with international influence, focus on breaking through key software, promote the software industry to become bigger and stronger, and enhance key software technology innovation and supply capabilities."
Railway 12306 is the world's largest real-time ticketing system, processing millions of queries per second during the Spring Festival travel season. At peak times, it sells thousands of tickets per second, with daily visits reaching over 80 billion. The system also needs to lock seats in real-time, prevent overselling, support standby ticketing, dynamically release tickets, and more. Yet, users only need 2 to 3 seconds from submitting a request to receiving a ticket.
Amidst the "traffic surge" of "hundreds of millions of users and second-level ticket grabbing," domestic databases have not only played a crucial supporting role but have also become the foundation and engine for the system's stable, efficient, and secure operation. In recent years, China has continuously increased its R&D investment in the underlying key technologies of databases. More and more domestic databases have broken the long-term monopoly of international manufacturers, empowering the digital transformation of thousands of industries.
Databases are crucial to the national economy and people's livelihoods and are a key core technology in the software field. Data from the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology shows that China's database market size is nearly 60 billion yuan, with 164 database products. One out of every four database companies globally comes from China. Domestic databases that are stable, reliable, and efficient have become a concentrated microcosm of China's breakthrough in basic software technology and its development towards new and better directions.
"The computer we are familiar with started with 'calculation,' but its main application is data management," said Feng Yucai (冯裕才), chairman and founder of Wuhan Dameng Database Co., Ltd. (武汉达梦数据库股份有限公司). In the late 1970s, Feng Yucai went to Wuhan Iron and Steel (武钢) to participate in technical studies. At that time, the hot rolling workshop of Wuhan Iron and Steel invested heavily to import an unattended management system from abroad. Unexpectedly, after debugging the equipment, the foreign engineers destroyed three truckloads of technical data on the spot.
Witnessing this scene, Feng Yucai was determined to develop China's own database system. After eight years of effort, he used Pascal language to develop China's first domestic database management system prototype with independent copyright.
As a completely self-developed native distributed database, OceanBase (海扬数据库) values the "ultimate mastery" of code above all else. Since its inception, OceanBase has insisted on not adopting "borrowed doctrines" but has instead anchored itself to the independent control of "root technology," writing kernel code from scratch. Founder Yang Zhenkun (阳振坤) once wrote more than 100 pages of code specifications, and the team also proofread tens of thousands of function logics line by line.
In the view of Yang Chuanhui (杨传辉), chief technology officer of OceanBase, this is something that must be done: "What we are doing is infrastructure, and we must take the most rigorous and responsible attitude." In October 2019, OceanBase topped the international authoritative database list, breaking the nine-year monopoly of foreign manufacturers.
While native distributed databases have made breakthroughs, China has also achieved breakthroughs in the cloud-native database track. In January 2025, Alibaba Cloud's (阿里云) PolarDB cloud-native database topped the TPC-C benchmark test list. This test, known as the "Olympics" of the database field, can simulate 1.6 billion users going online for transactions simultaneously. In the test, PolarDB completed 2.2 trillion data operations with a volatility of only 0.16%, ensuring 100% data correctness, and set new world records for both performance and cost-effectiveness with 2.055 billion transactions per minute and a unit cost of 0.8 yuan.
Wang Yuan (王远), head of database product management and technical architecture at Alibaba Cloud, said that it is precisely because of world-class challenges such as China's "Double 11" (双11) that domestic databases have developed world-class technology, constantly evolving towards extreme performance and simpler, better, and easier-to-use directions.
From the laboratory to the market, domestic databases have to overcome not only technical barriers but also trust barriers. Many years ago, the market share of foreign database products once accounted for more than 80%, almost monopolizing the core systems of key industries such as finance, telecommunications, and energy. For these industries, foreign database products were almost the "default option." Even if they may be using "50-year-old theories and 20-year-old technologies," they can still firmly occupy the market. "Unable to change, afraid to change" was once an obstacle in front of domestic databases.
"Even a 1-second pause in the database has a great impact," Yang Chuanhui admitted. "Especially the financial industry, which has extremely strict requirements for databases, is a tough 'hard bone' to crack in applications. Performance, cost, availability, and reliability, customers 'drew a lot of question marks,' and we can only explain it little by little and win trust with technology."
In order to prove that domestic databases work, OceanBase overcame difficulties, and the team often stationed in R&D. For more than 10 years, OceanBase has not only supported all of Alipay's (支付宝) core accounts but has also been running stably in more than 300 financial institutions, with over 4,000 customers.
Basic software requires long-term investment and more market support. From peripheral systems to high-end market core systems, Dameng (达梦) has spent more than 10 years overcoming database shared storage cluster technology. This technology was once only mastered by one foreign database manufacturer. It is precisely from market demand that Dameng has made breakthroughs in this field.
"Good software is used. Especially databases, which need to be repeatedly polished in practice to continuously iterate and adapt to the market," said Feng Yucai. "Over so many years of development, the guidance of national strategy has been crucial."
Today, domestic databases have become the "standard configuration" in key basic areas, and the reason for purchasing domestic databases has changed from "can buy" to "worth buying." Increasingly powerful domestic databases are also actively "going out." From ride-hailing software in Southeast Asia to smart cities in the Middle East, from e-commerce upstarts in Africa to digital banks in Latin America, domestic databases provide new choices for global Internet applications. "Currently, Alibaba Cloud's database services cover 29 regions and 92 availability zones," said Li Feifei (李飞飞), senior vice president of Alibaba Cloud.
In the past, talent and basic research were one of the biggest shortcomings in the development of domestic databases. Companies used foreign databases, and universities also studied foreign databases. In recent years, China's scientific research strength in the database field has steadily increased, and the degree of integration between industry, academia, and research has continued to deepen.
From 2022 to 2024, the average contribution of Chinese enterprises and universities to the world's three major database academic conferences accounted for 40.70%, 46.35%, and 54.09% respectively. At the same time, open-source database root communities represented by openGauss (开源高斯) gather universities, enterprises, and individual developers, and promote the rapid transformation from basic theory to industrial application through efficient cooperation models.
Currently, new technologies such as artificial intelligence are iterating, bringing another development opportunity for domestic databases. Li Feifei said: "We have already started the first batch in the 'AI native' direction, and we will accelerate in the future."
Return to TopThe Chinese nation is a unified, multi-ethnic family. Ethnic unity is the lifeline of all ethnic groups in China. The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposes the strategic deployment of "forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and promoting the construction of a community for the Chinese nation." The Fourth Session of the 14th National People's Congress voted to adopt the "Law of the People's Republic of China on Promoting Ethnic Unity and Progress," promoting the great unity of the Chinese nation onto a legal track, and pointing out the direction for promoting ethnic unity and progress with high quality and promoting Chinese-style modernization with the great unity of the Chinese nation.
International figures interviewed by this newspaper said that the formation and development of the Chinese national community is what people want, the general trend, and a historical necessity. Looking forward to the future, China will surely take solid steps to promote the cause of ethnic unity and progress to a new height, and work together to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
"Only with ethnic unity and social stability can the economic level be steadily improved"
"My love for Guangxi (广西) lies not only in its landscape, but also in its people." Hansen Nick Rene, a retired police officer from Luxembourg, has lived in Nandan County (南丹县), Hechi (河池), Guangxi (广西) for more than seven years. In his eyes, the most touching thing in northwestern Guangxi (广西) is the warm picture of harmonious coexistence of various ethnic groups: in the villages, the villagers weave Zhuang brocade, make silverware, play the flute and drums. Different customs and cultures are seamlessly connected in daily labor. The smiles on people's faces vividly interpret the warmth and strength of ethnic unity on this land. He sighed that different ethnic groups are as close as a family here, "Everyone is Chinese, and there is no estrangement between each other."
In the Diehu Scenic Area (蝶湖景区), Gongliu County (巩留县), Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture (伊犁哈萨克自治州), Xinjiang (新疆), a small house shaped like a pomegranate is particularly eye-catching. "Pomegranate seeds are tightly embraced together, symbolizing that the Chinese national family shares weal and woe, honor and disgrace, life and death, and destiny. China has the firm determination and ability to safeguard the great unity of all ethnic groups, and the masses of all ethnic groups also have a strong desire to unite and struggle and seek common development." Kawa Mahmoud, former Secretary-General of the Kurdistan Communist Party of Iraq, said that during his visit to Xinjiang (新疆), he saw the vigorous development of local factories and enterprises. "China's experience shows that only with ethnic unity and social stability can the economic level be steadily improved."
Robert Adolf is a travel blogger from Germany. Since 2021, he has filmed many documentaries about the local customs of ethnic minorities in Guizhou (贵州). "The rich and colorful ethnic culture is an important reason why I love Guizhou (贵州)." Adolf said that he hopes to share his experiences with more people, so that the world can understand the unique culture of these ethnic groups and the great achievements of the construction of the Chinese national community.
Participating in the lively Jingpo (景颇族) Munao Zongge Festival (目瑙纵歌节), watching people of all ethnic groups dressed in costumes singing and dancing; personally experiencing the joyful Water Splashing Festival celebration, seeing the streets and alleys filled with laughter, and conveying sincere blessings in mutual splashing... Talking about her many years of life in Ruili (瑞丽), Yunnan (云南), Nan Angqin (楠昂琴) from Myanmar said: "The atmosphere of harmonious coexistence, brotherhood, and mutual assistance among all ethnic groups in China has moved me." Nan Angqin (楠昂琴) believes that the flavors of various ethnic groups on the tip of the tongue are a vivid testimony to the harmonious coexistence of various ethnic groups in the local area. "In Yunnan (云南), I have eaten refreshing Dai (傣族) Sa Pie (撒撇), drunk mellow Jingpo (景颇族) rice wine, and tasted unique Achang (阿昌族) Guo Shou Rice Noodles (过手米线) and Yunnan (云南) local coffee. In the atmosphere of daily life, everyone celebrates festivals, eats, and dances together, and their hearts are very close."
"I have personally seen a vivid example of 'development for the people'"
Last summer, Fernando Morales, a reporter from the Spanish magazine *Global World*, witnessed a moving scene in Jiashi County (伽师县), Kashgar Prefecture (喀什地区), Xinjiang (新疆): clear tap water flowed into the courtyard of a Uygur (维吾尔族) villager. Who would have thought that just a few years ago, people here were still drinking bitter and salty water. "In less than two years, the problem that has plagued generations has been completely solved." In 2019, the local area launched an urban and rural drinking water safety project. The imported snowmelt water was purified and transported to thousands of households through a 1,827-kilometer pipeline network. By May 2020, the rural tap water coverage rate, centralized water supply rate, and drinking water safety rate all reached 100%. "Here, I have personally seen a vivid example of 'development for the people'." Morales said.
Last year, the Tibet Autonomous Region (西藏自治区) celebrated its 60th anniversary. Over the past 60 years, Tibet's (西藏) economy has continued to develop, society has been stable, and the rights of all ethnic groups have been fully guaranteed: the region's GDP in 2024 is 155 times that of 1965; the fight against poverty has been a complete victory, and a moderately prosperous society has been achieved in an all-round way together with the rest of the country. Jean Pegouret, a French expert on international issues, has visited Tibet (西藏) and other ethnic areas many times in the past 20 years and witnessed the tremendous changes that have taken place there. "Yak milk and barley have become best-selling commodities through a modern quality inspection system, which has increased the income of farmers and herdsmen; remote villages have been integrated into the digital network. Practice has fully proved that the Communist Party of China's (中国共产党) policy on Tibet (西藏) work is adapted to local conditions and effective." Pegouret said.
Tan Songqing (陈松青), Vice Chairman of the Chen Kah Kee Foundation Cultural Center (马来西亚陈嘉庚基金文化中心) in Malaysia, has driven to Tibet (西藏) three times, visited glaciers, and reached the Mount Everest base camp (珠峰大本营). "Three aspects of Tibet (西藏) impressed me very much: first, the local people live well and the infrastructure is perfect; second, the environmental protection is good, like a fairyland on earth; and third, the local Tibetan (藏族) people are very friendly and enthusiastic - these are very different from what some media reported." Tan Songqing (陈松青) said, "The lives of people of all ethnic groups in Tibet (西藏) have ushered in a leap, which has become a vivid portrayal of the progress of human rights in China."
"Sichuan (四川) was the first Chinese province I visited. It is not only full of development vitality, but also an important multi-ethnic gathering place with unique ethnic cultures." Julio Cesar, head of Mexico's Channel 6 TV station, told reporters that people of all ethnic groups share the fruits of Chinese-style modernization, which not only preserves traditional cultural heritage, but also demonstrates China's (中国) wisdom and achievements in promoting high-quality development in accordance with local conditions. People actively explore new industries and new business forms that combine intangible cultural heritage and natural resource endowments, establish a talent return mechanism, and guide talents to give back to their hometowns. "Ethnic areas in China (中国) are constantly making progress in human rights, economic and social aspects, and multiple ethnic groups jointly form a 'family,' uniting and struggling together, and developing and prospering together."
"Provides important inspiration for the harmonious coexistence of diverse cultures in the world"
In Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture (凉山彝族自治州), Sichuan (四川), take the "slow train" that travels through the mountains and interact with Yi (彝族) children to feel the warmth and depth of China's (中国) "not leaving anyone behind in development"; on the Inner Mongolia (内蒙古) prairie, practice archery, Khoomei, and wrestling (Mongolian wrestling) with great concentration to understand the heroic and tenacious spirit of the Mongolian (蒙古族) people; in Wuzhishan (五指山), Hainan (海南), go deep into the Li (黎族) villages, dance the happy bamboo dance with the locals, and listen to the ethnic friendship that jumps in the rhythm... Stuart Wiggin, a British video blogger, has traveled to more than 10 multi-ethnic gathering provinces in China (中国). The scenes of local social harmony and stability, rapid development and changes, and people's happy and healthy lives have left a deep impression on him. "In the future, I will continue to share these ordinary and moving stories with the world through short videos from a unique foreign perspective, and introduce China's (中国) valuable experience in promoting ethnic unity and achieving common prosperity."
Gustavo, editor-in-chief of the Argentine magazine *Contemporary* and researcher at the National University of Argentina, visited Xinjiang (新疆) in 2015 and 2025 respectively. The development and changes in Xinjiang (新疆) over the past decade have impressed him deeply. "The splendid history of this vast land is a vivid embodiment of the pluralistic and integrated pattern of the Chinese nation, proving that ethnic unity and economic and social development are mutually reinforcing. Linking development closely with social harmony, this concept also applies to Latin America and other regions."
"In the ethnic areas of China (中国), I have not only seen vivid scenes of harmonious coexistence among all ethnic groups, but also witnessed the integration and mutual promotion of traditional culture and modernization, and felt the people-oriented development temperature. The ubiquitous harmonious atmosphere has impressed me deeply." said Walid Koumayha, Director of the Lebanese Silk Road Institute.
"Through a series of effective ethnic policies and measures, all ethnic groups are equal, united, and make progress together, maintaining national unity and stability, and promoting China's (中国) continuous development and prosperity." Ahmed Saeed, President of Egypt's Hikmat Cultural Industry Group, said, "China's (中国) story provides important inspiration for the harmonious coexistence of diverse cultures in the world."
(Reporters Zhou Zhou (周輖), Yan Huan (颜欢), Li Weijun (李维俊), Li Maoying (李茂颖), Shang Kaiyuan (尚凯元), Zhang Niansheng (章念生), Xie Jianing (谢佳宁), Liu Zhonghua (刘仲华), Xu Fang (许放), Shen Xiaoxiao (沈小晓) of this newspaper)
Return to TopBy: 孙崎享
The recent round of elections has led to significant changes in Japan's political landscape. How to revitalize the pro-constitution forces is a difficult but very important task facing the Japanese people.
In the 1970s, Kakuei Tanaka (田中角荣), the then Prime Minister of Japan, warned: It is frightening when those who do not know the taste of war come to the central hub of Japanese power. This "frightening" situation is gradually becoming a reality in Japan, and one important manifestation of this is the acceleration of the movement to amend the constitution.
Japan's current constitution was formulated on the basis of the concepts that "Japan must never repeat the tragedy of war, the 'Peace Constitution' is a lesson we have learned with blood" and "We must establish a national system that forever renounces war from the experience of war." Its core clause is "forever renouncing the use of war, threats of force, or the exercise of force as a means of settling international disputes by the power of the state." However, the Japanese right wing is now trying to revise the "Peace Constitution" into a "constitution that can wage war." The current Prime Minister of Japan, Sanae Takaichi (高市早苗), has declared that the Self-Defense Forces should be written into the constitution, hoping to define the Self-Defense Forces as a "powerful organization" through constitutional amendment.
According to Japanese law, constitutional amendments must be supported by more than two-thirds of the members of the House of Representatives and the House of Councillors respectively, and after being proposed by the Diet, they can only be established with the consent of more than half of the national vote. In the Japanese House of Representatives election, the Liberal Democratic Party (自民党) and forces supporting constitutional amendments have secured two-thirds of the seats in the House of Representatives, reaching the legal threshold for initiating a constitutional amendment motion in the House of Representatives. Informed people in Japan are concerned that, given Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi's positive attitude towards constitutional amendments, combined with the power structure of various political parties in the Japanese Diet and the trend of public opinion, the possibility of Japan promoting constitutional amendments is quite high. Although the specific constitutional amendment clauses have not yet been clarified, their core content may focus on war-related clauses and emergency clauses.
The current Japanese constitution does not allow the dispatch of armed forces to the land, sea, or airspace of other countries for the purpose of using force. Once the constitutional amendment is promoted, the possibility of breaking this restriction is high. At that time, Japan may build a system in which the Self-Defense Forces participate in overseas operations under the strategic framework of the US military, and continuously strengthen its international intervention in the field of security. If the Self-Defense Forces are deployed to participate in overseas operations, the Japanese people will inevitably face a new financial burden. Japan's current finances are already very tight, and new expenditures in the military field will further increase the scale of debt, making the already difficult financial operations 雪上加霜 (xuě shàng jiā shuāng - "snow plus frost," one disaster after another; to make matters worse). At that time, the Japanese government will inevitably compress existing fiscal expenditures, including actual pension reductions, weakening of the support system for vulnerable groups, and reduction of national medical investment, which will ultimately exacerbate the polarization of wealth and make the living environment of vulnerable groups more difficult.
Education was once an important pillar of Japan's economic development. Today, total spending on primary to higher education institutions in Japan accounts for only 3.9% of GDP, below the average of 4.7% for OECD countries. Among them, households bear about 50% of the cost in the field of higher education, and public financial investment in higher education is only about half of the average level of OECD countries. It is not difficult to foresee that if Japan significantly increases defense spending, public funds for education will be further squeezed, which will lead to a continuous decline in Japan's long-term international competitiveness.
Once emergency clauses are introduced in the process of constitutional amendment, the functions of the Diet may be weakened under the so-called "state of emergency," causing the democratic attributes of the Japanese political level to regress, and the cabinet's administrative and ruling power will be further strengthened. The recent round of elections has led to significant changes in Japan's political landscape. How to revitalize the pro-constitution forces is a difficult but very important task facing the Japanese people.
(The author is a former official of the Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the director of the East Asian Community Research Institute.)
Return to TopBy: 新华社记者
This is a general mobilization to pursue the dream of spring—
On March 12, the fourth session of the 14th National People's Congress successfully concluded, and the congress approved the "15th Five-Year Plan" outline, the "blueprint" for China's development in the next five years is spread out before the world.
From the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to the 2026 National People's Congress, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core, insightfully observes the times and trends, crises and opportunities, guides the drawing of a new five-year picture, and coordinates the deployment of a new development start. The Party's propositions are transformed into national will and common action of the people through legal procedures, gathering the magnificent power to forge ahead on a new journey.
"We must anchor our goals and tasks, strengthen our confidence, take advantage of the momentum, solidly promote high-quality development, further comprehensively deepen reform and opening up, promote common prosperity for all the people, and continue to write new chapters of the Chinese miracle."
A new page of history is being written. Following the direction guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), hundreds of millions of people are striding towards the bright prospects of Chinese-style modernization with a more vigorous posture!
Sounding a new call to action—
"Ensure decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization"
Chinese-style modernization is a long journey of pursuing dreams.
In October 2025, the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC reviewed and approved the "Recommendations of the CPC Central Committee on Formulating the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development." This is the third five-year plan recommendation formulated by the Party Central Committee since the new era.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) used "building on the past and opening up the future" to define the important position of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period, and made a scientific judgment on the development situation: China's development faces both strategic opportunities and risks and challenges, and uncertain and unpredictable factors have increased, but the supporting conditions and basic trends for China's long-term positive economic and social development have not changed.
To cultivate new opportunities in crises and open up new prospects in changing situations, the most important thing is to concentrate our efforts on managing our own affairs well.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has a long-term vision: "We must seize this window of opportunity, consolidate and expand our advantages, break down bottlenecks and constraints, strengthen weaknesses, win strategic initiative in fierce international competition, promote major breakthroughs in strategic tasks related to the overall situation of Chinese-style modernization, and ensure that decisive progress is made in basically realizing socialist modernization."
Scientific judgment has anchored the strategic direction for the "15th Five-Year Plan" development and determined the logic of each step.
After the plenary session, General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) two consecutive activity arrangements fully reflect his far-reaching considerations on future development.
The first foreign visit after the plenary session—from October 30 to November 1, 2025, to South Korea to attend the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) leaders' informal meeting and pay a state visit to South Korea, sending a clear signal to the outside world: China will continue to provide new opportunities for the Asia-Pacific region and the world with new achievements in Chinese-style modernization.
The first domestic inspection after the plenary session—in November 2025, he went deep into Hainan (海南) and Guangdong (广东) provinces, requiring that the Hainan Free Trade Port be "built into an important gateway leading China's opening up to the outside world in the new era," and hoping that Guangdong (广东) would "promote high-quality development by comprehensively deepening reform and opening up."
One external and one internal, echoing each other, opening our arms to embrace the world, and working hard to strengthen the foundation internally. This is a response to the judgment of the situation and a reflection of grasping the strategic initiative.
From the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC to the 2026 National People's Congress, in just a few months, the international situation has been intertwined with changes and chaos, and geopolitical conflicts have continued to escalate, and the complexity, severity, and uncertainty of the external environment have further increased.
In the face of changing circumstances, China calmly responds, steadily and surely, planning for the future step by step.
Systematic deployment to build a solid foundation for future five-year development.
The start is related to the overall situation, and the first step determines the subsequent momentum. 2026 is the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan," and how to start economic work is directly related to whether the strategic goals and tasks for the next five years can be implemented and achieve results.
At the Central Economic Work Conference held in December 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) delivered an important speech. The conference set the tone for the economic policy orientation of the first year with the eight characters of "seeking progress while maintaining stability, improving quality and increasing efficiency," summarized the "five musts" of regularity understanding, and deployed key tasks with "eight insistences"... A series of arrangements led China to win the initiative in a more unstable and uncertain world.
It is necessary to meticulously refine the five-year construction blueprint and grasp the development of the first year.
January 20, 2026, the "first lesson" of the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan."
At the opening ceremony of the seminar for leading cadres at the provincial and ministerial levels to study and implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Formulating and implementing five-year plans is an important experience for our party in governing the country," "Local plans and special plans should be well connected with the overall national plan," "We must establish and practice a correct view of political achievements"...
Focusing on the next five years, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) systematically explained the relationship between "new" and "old," internal and external, development and security, economic and social development, clarified cognitive misunderstandings, and dispelled the fog on the road ahead.
There are both profound interpretations at the ideological level and clear deployments of specific focus points.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) clearly pointed out at the opening ceremony that building a modern industrial system and realizing the overall leap of the industrial system is an important strategic task during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
Ten days later, the first collective study of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee in the first year focused on forward-looking layout and development of future industries; on the eve of the Spring Festival, the first inspection in the first year, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) came to the National Information Innovation Park in Yizhuang, Beijing (北京) to inspect the display of scientific and technological innovation achievements such as artificial intelligence, releasing a clear signal of cultivating and developing new quality productive forces.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "The 'Recommendations' put the construction of a modern industrial system at the top of the list of strategic tasks during the '15th Five-Year Plan' period, which is the result of careful consideration."
Gathering consensus and striving to create a new situation in high-quality development.
During the 2026 National People's Congress, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) participated in group deliberations and discussions, discussed state affairs with deputies and members of the CPPCC National Committee, delivered a series of important speeches, clarified the direction, planned development, strengthened confidence, and gathered a strong joint force to embark on a new journey together.
In the Jiangsu (江苏) delegation, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) "highlighted" the key points for the major economic province: "To complete the goals and tasks of economic and social development during the '15th Five-Year Plan' period, we need to cope with a more complex environment and solve more deep-seated contradictions," "We must work hard to study new situations, solve new problems, and gain experience."
At the joint meeting of the CPPCC National Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "Unswervingly follow the path of health and development with Chinese characteristics" "Promote decisive progress in the construction of a healthy China during the '15th Five-Year Plan' period."
In the delegation of the People's Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that we should give full play to the unique advantages of building the army politically, and concentrate our efforts to promote the modernization of national defense and the army to move forward steadily and far.
We must improve our internal skills, strengthen ourselves, accelerate the construction of a healthy China, and promote the modernization of national defense and the army with high quality... General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important guidance has both strategic height and people's livelihood temperature, sending out action orders for all aspects of the "15th Five-Year Plan" start.
Demonstrating the wisdom of whole-process people's democracy—
"Unite top-level design with asking the people"
It is of great significance and arduous task to compile a development blueprint related to more than 1.4 billion people.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) personally served as the leader of the drafting group of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC. From the planning recommendations to the planning outline, he personally planned, personally guided, made important deployments and instructions, guided the study of major issues, and played a leading role from beginning to end.
After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, in accordance with the requirements of the Party Central Committee, the State Council established a leading group and a drafting group for the preparation of the planning "Outline (Draft)," comprehensively aligned with the spirit of the Party Central Committee's recommendations, and drafted the planning outline draft.
Since the new era, with the national development plan as the guide, special plans, regional plans, and territorial space plans are interconnected and coordinated, the unified planning system has become more and more sound, and the strategic guiding role of the national development plan has been better played.
At the Central Economic Work Conference in 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) put forward further requirements for the preparation of national and local "15th Five-Year Plans" and special plans: "We must strengthen overall planning, streamline and optimize the planning tasks that are cross-repeated and lack effectiveness, and prevent excessive and excessive planning. All plans must be realistic and pragmatic, pursue real and water-free growth, and promote high-quality and sustainable development."
Comprehensively, deeply, and accurately understanding the strategic deployments of the "15th Five-Year Plan" recommendations, the planning outline's planning for work in various fields can be more scientific, forward-looking, and proactive, ensuring that China's development always moves forward in the right direction.
Asking the people for advice and vividly practicing whole-process people's democracy—
Developing whole-process people's democracy is an essential requirement of Chinese-style modernization. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) has repeatedly emphasized "uniting top-level design with asking the people."
The drafting of the "15th Five-Year Plan" outline draft adheres to the principle of open planning, and pays attention to strengthening investigation and research and scientific argumentation.
Focusing on key areas and difficult issues, high-level research institutions have formed nearly 200 supporting reports; conducted more than 40 investigations in different types of regions and held more than 50 special symposiums; conducted online consultations with the public to seek advice and suggestions, and fully listened to the suggestions of key groups such as flexible employment personnel, young people, migrant workers, and people with disabilities...
Opening the door to accept advice gathers the wisdom and strength of the people, and the Party's propositions connect with the hearts and minds of the people.
After the opening of the 2026 National People's Congress, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) participated in group deliberations and discussions three times, listened to the speeches of deputies and members of the CPPCC National Committee, and had in-depth exchanges with everyone to discuss state affairs.
"After I came to work in the central government, I participated in the formulation of the '12th Five-Year Plan' to the '15th Five-Year Plan,' and I have a deep understanding. The planning process is also a process of promoting whole-process people's democracy." On the afternoon of March 5, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) said with deep feeling when participating in the deliberation of the Jiangsu (江苏) delegation.
The Party Central Committee puts forward planning recommendations, the State Council prepares the planning outline, and the National People's Congress reviews, approves, and publishes it for implementation. The planning preparation continues to write a new chapter of "China's governance," and China's progress is confident and firm.
Establishing short-term and long-term goals and accurately grasping the future development direction—
Opening the "15th Five-Year Plan" outline, "significant achievements have been made in high-quality development" ranks first among the seven major goals of the "15th Five-Year Plan" period.
In the new five years, we must write a new chapter of high-quality development in unity and concentration.
The planning outline proposes 5 aspects and 20 major indicators, deploys a number of major strategic tasks from 16 aspects, and determines 109 major projects, showing a panoramic view of China's high-quality development in the next five years.
In the new five years, we must shape new development advantages in overcoming difficulties.
Adhere to focusing on the real economy in developing the economy, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, build a strong domestic market, promote the construction of a unified national market in depth, and fully stimulate the vitality of various business entities... The planning outline focuses on "managing our own affairs well" and fully releases economic potential.
In the new five years, we must mark new progress in common prosperity by increasing well-being.
Improve the childcare service system, promote the expansion and quality improvement of basic education, build a high-quality and efficient medical service system, and create a rich and colorful life for the elderly... A series of heart-warming deployments in the planning outline demonstrate the original intention of serving the people.
In the vast spring breeze and in the democratic hall, the Party's propositions, the national will, and the people's aspirations are closely integrated, gathering into a powerful force to promote national development, demonstrating the strong vitality of "China's governance."
Gathering confidence to stride towards the future—
"Continuously create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization"
The blueprint depicts a magnificent vision, and the great cause calls for a new departure.
In November 2025, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out profoundly during his inspection of Hainan (海南) and Guangdong (广东) provinces: "Studying, publicizing, and implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC is a major political task for the entire Party and the entire country for the current and future period."
During the inspection, the General Secretary was very concerned about the "15th Five-Year Plan" preparation work in various places, and urged "to guide the vast number of cadres and the masses to effectively unify their thoughts and actions with the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee."
After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the CPC, a large-scale study from top to bottom was fully launched.
The Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) lectured in various places, from the Party Central Committee to Party organizations at all levels, from cities to rural areas, from government agencies to enterprises, from communities to schools... The entire Party and the entire country quickly set off a wave of enthusiasm for studying and implementing the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session.
"Unswervingly promote high-quality development," "Accelerate the construction of a new development pattern," "Promote solid progress in common prosperity for all the people," "Better coordinate development and security," "Coordinate and promote work in various fields"...
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made key analyses and profound explanations on the aspects to be focused on in implementing the spirit of the plenary session, further unifying thoughts, gathering consensus, and providing fundamental guidance for all localities and departments to do practical work.
In the face of new historical orientations and new development tasks, only by taking the national development plan as the guide and incorporating the development goals and work priorities of various localities into the overall national development can we play a good game of chess across the country and form a strong joint force to promote the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) clearly required: "When planning economic and social development during the '15th Five-Year Plan' period, all regions should accurately position themselves in the overall national situation and strengthen planning coordination."
Opening the "15th Five-Year Plan" outlines of various places, a series of indicators highlight the focus of development in the next five years:
Zhejiang (浙江) proposed that by 2030, the per capita regional GDP will be close to the level of developed economies; Beijing (北京) set 29 major indicators from six dimensions: innovative development, coordinated development, green development, open development, shared development, and safe and stable development; Shanghai (上海) proposed that by 2030, the added value of the core industries of the digital economy will account for more than 20% of the regional GDP...
Implementing the important instructions and requirements of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), all localities have the "big picture of the country" in mind, stand on the "one side of the land," base themselves on reality and adapt to local conditions, and implement the grand vision of Chinese-style modernization into a "task book" for high-quality development.
In the first year of the "15th Five-Year Plan," how to implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session and turn the blueprint into reality is related to the overall situation of modernization construction.
Just after the Spring Festival holiday, the "first meeting of the new year" in various places released a clear signal of high-quality development, clarified the "construction map," drew out the "keywords," and conveyed the firm confidence in promoting high-quality development with practical actions.
Anhui (安徽) focused on scientific and technological innovation to lead the development of new quality productive forces and made a series of deployments; Zhejiang (浙江) anchored high-quality development and the construction of a common prosperity demonstration zone and announced measures and arrangements; Guangdong (广东) held a provincial high-quality development conference, focusing on the coordinated development of manufacturing and service industries; Fujian (福建) held a symposium for representatives of the private economy to stimulate the strong momentum of "starting the year well"...
Confidence is becoming more firm in overcoming difficulties and uniting and forging ahead.
From suggesting the development of digital infrastructure to deeply cultivating the road of independent innovation, from paying attention to the mental health of young people to speaking out for rural education... At the 2026 National People's Congress, facing new situations and new problems, deputies and members of the CPPCC National Committee told the truth, offered good suggestions, and came up with practical measures, making the voices from the front line become the source of living water for gathering national will.
Deliberating, reviewing, and discussing the draft "15th Five-Year Plan" outline, the government work report, and other reports, and three draft laws, true knowledge and insights are fully stimulated here, the direction of development for the future is becoming more and more firm, and the practical path is clearer.
"This year's National People's Congress focused on the theme of high-quality development, uniting and encouraging, and inspiring us to overcome difficulties and work hard in the first year to strive to complete the annual goals and tasks," said Wang Yong (王勇), a deputy to the National People's Congress and mayor of Baoji (宝鸡) City, Shaanxi (陕西) Province.
Through this grand spring event, the country's grand plans and the people's aspirations are closely integrated, and the entire Party and the entire society gather the spirit of entrepreneurship, injecting a continuous stream of energy and power into the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
The grand plan is unfolding, and a new journey is starting again; the spring breeze is vast, and all things are competing to develop.
A group of data writes the most vivid footnote for this spring—
A series of data points write the most vivid footnotes for this spring—
During the 9-day Spring Festival holiday, domestic travel reached 596 million trips, with spending exceeding 800 billion yuan, setting a new historical record; in the first two months, China's total import and export value of goods trade was 7.73 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 18.3%, returning to "double-digit growth" after more than two years; as of the end of February, China's foreign exchange reserve scale was 3,427.8 billion US dollars, continuing to maintain an upward trend month-on-month...
"At a time of world turmoil, China leads the future." The evaluation of the Argentine newspaper *Clarín*'s website confirms the confidence and strength that China's development injects into the world.
From the Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to the National People's Congress (全国两会), facing the changing world situation, China's progress is steady and strong.
Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era (习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想), unswervingly adhere to the Party's leadership, give full play to the advantages of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and the Party's propositions resonate with the people's will.
On the magnificent journey of pursuing dreams, a new development blueprint has been drawn, and Chinese-style modernization is full of vitality. The entire Party, the entire country, and all ethnic groups are more closely united around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平同志) at its core, 万众一心 (wàn zhòng yī xīn - "ten thousand people one heart," united as one), striving forward, achieving great undertakings through hard work, and winning the future through innovation. We will surely continue to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
(Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京), March 19)
Return to TopBeijing, March 19 (People's Daily) -- Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs, spoke on the phone with British Foreign Secretary David Cameron on March 19 at the latter's request. The two sides focused on exchanging views on the situation in the Middle East.
Cameron introduced the UK's views on the current situation in the Middle East, saying that in the face of an increasingly turbulent world, the UK hopes to maintain close communication with China to promote an early end to the war, restart diplomatic negotiations, and seek long-term solutions.
Wang Yi elaborated on China's position, saying that the current Middle East conflict is still escalating and the war is still expanding, which not only impacts regional peace and stability, but also directly affects international energy, finance, trade and shipping, harming the common interests of all countries. There are no winners in a protracted war, and a ceasefire is what everyone hopes for. China urges all parties to immediately stop military actions, resolve differences through equal dialogue, and jointly safeguard regional peace and stability. As permanent members of the UN Security Council, China and the UK have a responsibility to maintain international peace and security. They should strengthen communication, persist in doing things that are conducive to peace, and jointly commit to safeguarding the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and the basic norms of international relations, preventing further damage to the international order and erosion of the foundations of world peace.
The two sides also exchanged views on China-UK relations, and agreed that they should actively implement the consensus reached by the leaders of the two countries, strengthen exchanges, and continue to promote a long-term, stable and comprehensive strategic partnership between China and the UK, so as to provide stability and certainty for a world intertwined with changes and chaos.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Nanning, March 19th (Reporter Mei Changwei (梅常伟)) Minister of National Defense Dong Jun (董军) and Vietnamese Minister of National Defense Phan Van Giang (潘文江) co-chaired the 10th China-Vietnam Border Defense Friendship Exchange Activity from March 18th to 19th. During the period, the two sides visited border defense troops together, planted friendship trees, attended the departure ceremony of the joint patrol and joint training of the two navies, laid wreaths at the Monument to the Revolutionary Martyrs of China and Vietnam, and held talks.
Dong Jun (董军) said that under the strategic guidance of the top leaders of the two parties and two countries, the two militaries should strengthen strategic communication and carry out in-depth practical cooperation to contribute to building a China-Vietnam community with a shared future that is of strategic significance.
Phan Van Giang (潘文江) said that Vietnam is willing to work with China to improve the quality and effectiveness of cooperation in various fields and promote the deepening and solidifying of relations between the two militaries.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Paris on March 19th (Reporter Shang Kaiyuan (尚凯元)) As the first "International Taijiquan Day" approaches, a celebration themed "Healthy Life, Taiji Together" was held on the 18th at the headquarters of UNESCO in Paris, France. Taijiquan practitioners from China and France performed on the same stage, showcasing the unique charm and profound connotation of Taijiquan, and spreading excellent Chinese traditional culture and a scientific and healthy lifestyle to the world.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 刘成友 刘佳华
As night falls, on the banks of the Tianshui River in the Fanhe New District of Tieling (铁岭) City, Liaoning (辽宁) Province, a large building shaped like a giant ship lights up with dazzling lights, welcoming the endless stream of citizens.
This "big ship" is a commercial complex with a construction area of 67,000 square meters. It used to be a good place for citizens to shop and relax, but it was shut down and "stranded" in 2018 due to the original property company's financial problems. At the end of last year, the "big ship" was revitalized, set sail and "returned to port," bringing back prosperity and the spirit of the city.
The "stranding" and "return to port" reflect the ups and downs of a shopping mall's fate; the idleness and revitalization lead to a contemporary examination question about establishing and practicing a correct view of achievements.
New officials must also manage old accounts.
In the years after the "big ship" closed, no one maintained the building, the ceiling fell, the exterior bricks were broken, and weeds grew everywhere. Some companies tried to reactivate it, but all failed.
What worried the citizens even more was that there were no large commercial complexes within a radius of dozens of kilometers. To go to a large shopping mall, they even had to drive to Shenyang (沈阳). "When will the 'big ship' be able to set sail again?" People often wondered.
Residents had expectations, and merchants also had needs. Xue Minghui (薛明辉) used to run a household goods company in the "big ship," and the customer traffic was considerable. After the "big ship" closed, he had no choice but to close the store, wondering when he could return.
Managing old accounts inevitably involves trouble and risks. Gao Yan (高岩), a full-time member of the Trial Committee of the Tieling (铁岭) Intermediate People's Court, introduced that after the original property company of the "big ship" went bankrupt, the debt relationship was chaotic and seriously insolvent; there were more than 20 creditors, all staring at this asset.
"Some insiders advised us that this was a hot potato, involving too much complexity, and to avoid it as much as possible. However, the Tieling (铁岭) Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government leadership team unanimously believed that new officials must also manage old accounts," said Li Wenbiao (李文飙), Secretary of the Tieling (铁岭) Municipal Party Committee. The expectations of the masses cannot be disappointed, the functions of the city cannot be missing, the legacy problems cannot be avoided, and revitalizing the "big ship" is imperative.
Managing old accounts is to follow the will of the people, and managing old accounts is to seek development.
In August 2023, Tieling (铁岭) City established a leading group for the revitalization of the "big ship" project to help the "big ship" return to port.
Without delay or waiting, face the problems directly. The public security organs tracked the flow of funds and clarified the debt relationship; the court legally designated a bankruptcy administrator to verify the creditors and the order of repayment.
In accordance with laws and regulations, fulfill responsibilities and be responsible. The 20-plus creditors had many demands and large differences, and the reorganization plan failed to pass after two votes. "Just follow the legal procedures, and don't leave it unresolved!" With the decision and consent of the Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government, the court explained the law and reason to the creditors while legally initiating bankruptcy liquidation procedures. Finally, the "big ship" ushered in the day of being put up for auction.
The more difficult, the more responsible
The "big ship" is large in size and has many problems. After being put up for auction, many private enterprises shied away, and both auctions failed.
Difficulty shows courage. The Tieling (铁岭) State-owned Assets System took the lead, guiding the Municipal State-owned Assets Group to raise funds, participate in the auction, and bid for the assets, shouldering the overall situation of urban development with the responsibility of state-owned enterprises.
Refinement begins with grinding. Facing numerous difficulties, state-owned assets, political and legal affairs, letters and visits, housing and construction, fire protection, transportation, natural resources and other departments worked together to overcome difficulties, unblocking the blockages in property rights, debts, financing, approval, safety, etc., and helping the "big ship" to overcome difficulties.
To solve the "difficulty in transferring ownership," multi-party communication and coordination were carried out to successfully lift the eight judicial seizures of the "big ship" in the courts of Shenyang (沈阳), Yingkou (营口), and Tieling (铁岭), as well as the mortgage registration in two banks; to solve the "high financing cost," banks were coordinated to provide financial support and reduce financing costs...
"There have been dozens of various coordination meetings, and countless phone calls," said Huang Tao (黄涛), Deputy Director of the Tieling (铁岭) State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission. Everyone worked together to raise the "sail of return."
The key to revitalizing idle assets lies in subsequent operations. The Tieling (铁岭) State-owned Assets Group listed the "big ship" for rent, and after several screenings and considerations, it was finally leased to a local enterprise recognized by citizens and merchants, and the "big ship" was tailored into Shuangyan Tianhe City (双燕天河城).
The housing and construction department coordinated and promoted the restoration of water, electricity, and gas, and reinforced the main structural parts of key buildings. In May last year, Shuangyan Tianhe City (双燕天河城) passed the safety appraisal and began renovation, changing every day. When the banner of "Re-equipped and Returning Flagship" was hung on the outer wall, the eyes of the whole city focused here again. Citizens came to see the progress while strolling, internet celebrities came to check in while live streaming, many merchants made advance arrangements, brands signed contracts one by one, and "first stores" settled in one after another.
Managing old accounts also requires calculating the big picture. Tieling (铁岭) City positioned Shuangyan Tianhe City (双燕天河城) as a carrier to improve urban functions, stimulate consumption vitality, and brighten the background of people's livelihood, using systematic thinking and taking multiple measures to help the shopping mall rejuvenate.
"In the early years, when the 'big ship' was built, there was no underground parking lot planned," said Meng Lingsen (孟令森), Director of the Tieling (铁岭) Municipal Bureau of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. They took the initiative to help the shopping mall connect, rented land on the south side to build a parking lot, and also expanded parking spaces and built pocket parks on the west side to realize the linkage of leisure sightseeing and commercial consumption.
In addition, the human resources and social security department held a special recruitment fair for Shuangyan Tianhe City (双燕天河城), and nearly 600 people reached employment intentions. Wu Mingxun (吴明洵), who joined the shopping mall supermarket, said: "I caught up with the reopening of the 'big ship' and found a job at my doorstep."
Form a mechanism and promote it again
At the end of last year, Shuangyan Tianhe City (双燕天河城) officially opened. "40 'Tieling (铁岭) first stores' were unveiled at the same time. On the opening day, the passenger flow exceeded 96,000, and the sales exceeded 8.9 million," introduced Hu Yidi (胡一迪), General Manager of Shuangyan Tianhe City (双燕天河城).
Wang Yuefeng (王岳峰), who runs a barbecue restaurant here, admitted frankly that he was not sure at first, but after the opening, the popularity was strong, and the passenger flow far exceeded the same-sized franchise stores in the province. "Now I have enough confidence!"
Xue Minghui (薛明辉), who closed his store at the beginning, has now returned to the "big ship" and rented a 1,300-square-meter store. "The store's sales are three times that of our regular stores in the old city."
Wu Mingxun (吴明洵) also often visits the "big ship" after work, tasting food and watching movies. "It's no worse than the shopping malls in big cities, and my friends envy me for being able to work here."
The shopping mall gathers popularity, and the business district surges with vitality. In the new "cabin," the scenes are diverse, with shopping, catering, leisure, social and other functions readily available. Thanks to the popularity brought by the reopening of the "big ship," more than 30 new stores have opened around it, and dozens of old stores have been renovated and revitalized, with booming business.
Revitalizing a "ship" awakens a city; managing an account solves a type of problem.
Regarding the successful return of the "big ship," Tieling (铁岭) summarized its experience and explored a set of "combined punches" to revitalize inefficient and idle assets: state-owned enterprises take responsibility and complement each other's advantages to ensure the bottom line of people's livelihood, department linkage and collaborative tackling to unblock process blockages, precise financing and timely debt resolution to achieve a virtuous cycle, and classified assessment and differentiated supervision to encourage innovation and breakthroughs.
This model of turning "idle" into gold has been replicated and promoted throughout the city—
At the foot of Panlong Mountain (蟠龙山), Jin Feng Town (金峰小镇) has been renewed. Tieling (铁岭) municipal state-owned enterprises integrated resources and innovated business formats to promote the integration of agriculture, culture, sports and tourism: the hot spring resort hotel opened in January this year, greenhouse blueberry sales are hot, and the ski resort and air-film sports hall are very popular... The once sleeping assets have been transformed into a new urban leisure landmark;
On the bank of Ruyi Lake (如意湖), Block A of Rixin Building (日鑫大厦) has been gorgeously transformed. The building, which had been idle for 14 years, was revitalized and transformed into Tieling's (铁岭) first digital intelligent manufacturing office center. Tieling (铁岭) City's Entrepreneurship Incubation Park took the lead in settling in, followed by 17 entrepreneurial enterprises;
With the coordination of the government and enterprises, the legacy problems of the Northeast Logistics City (东北物流城) for nearly 20 years have been systematically solved; the Municipal Urban Development Group innovated measures to restart the "Fruit and Vegetable Trade City" project, which had been unfinished for 10 years...
With responsibility as the pen and original intention as the answer, in Tieling (铁岭), idle stock is being transformed into development increment. Li Wenbiao (李文飙) said that Tieling (铁岭) will firmly establish and practice a correct view of achievements, strive to respond to the expectations of people's livelihood, actively revitalize idle assets, and let more "big ships" set sail.
Return to TopBy: 崔 妍
Not long ago, I visited Zhengding (正定) in Hebei (河北). Climbing the South City Gate (南城门) to overlook the area, the barbican square was open and flat, with Changshan Battle Drums (常山战鼓) standing tall; as the lights came on, the streets and lanes crisscrossed, outlining the skeleton of the ancient prefecture; on the horizon, Longxing Temple (隆兴寺) stood distantly, condensing a long history... The millennial atmosphere and contemporary elegance of the "Northern Majestic Town" (北方雄镇) were moving.
The ancient city of Zhengding (正定) was once "broken," with a large number of ancient buildings in disrepair, and the bricks of the city walls were removed for building houses and toilets. After decades of relay efforts to find the roots and soul, the ancient city now presents "a thousand years at a glance," which is a vivid answer sheet drawn under the guidance of a correct view of political achievements.
This answer sheet is engraved with the historical responsibility of "being responsible to ancestors and future generations."
When Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) first arrived in Zhengding (正定), he felt deeply saddened by the damage to cultural relics: "If we don't take good care of them, we are sinners and will be ashamed of future generations."
Protecting the ancient city walls, raising funds to repair Longxing Temple (隆兴寺), carrying out a comprehensive survey of cultural relics in the county, and formulating a plan for the on-site protection of cultural relics... Under the promotion of Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平), Zhengding (正定) ancient city was revitalized in the restoration process, both reforming the present and planning for the long term.
Protection or exploitation? The choice reveals vision, determination, and responsibility.
Protecting Sanfang Qixiang (三坊七巷), rescuing the Wanshouyan (万寿岩) site, and promoting the protection and research of Liangzhu Ancient City (良渚古城)... Looking back at Comrade Xi Jinping's (习近平) local work practice, the protection of cultural heritage has been consistent and strong. The clear guidance of "putting protection first" and the scientific concept of "protecting cultural relics is also a political achievement" have set a benchmark for coordinating development and protection, and balancing the present and the long term.
This answer sheet produces political achievements in places where it is not easy to produce them, and it shows even more hidden merits.
Cultural construction is by no means something that can be achieved overnight, "it requires the accumulation of bricks and tiles and the inheritance from generation to generation." Only by deeply cultivating the silent "hidden achievements" and not admiring the quick-success "obvious achievements" can we achieve real achievements that can stand the test.
The application for World Heritage status of the Liangzhu Ancient City (良渚古城) site is a powerful interpretation of the dialectical relationship between "hidden" and "obvious." Closing down stone quarries, calling a halt to blasting mountains for stone; relocating residents, evicting enterprises; recruiting multidisciplinary talents, and using wisdom to protect treasures... From dust to the World Heritage List, Liangzhu (良渚) took a full 16 years. Sixteen years of hidden work ultimately precipitated into obvious achievements of civilization.
Today, cultural construction carries more weight in people's hearts, and various places are happy to create cultural landmarks. However, some places only seek to "stand up" the landmarks, and are keen on creating highlights and building facades, but lose the connotation and the foundation. If you want to achieve success in the cultural field, you must do hidden work, and your mind must "sink down," so that the golden signboard can be erected.
This answer sheet shines with the synergistic wisdom of humanities and economy.
Cultural construction and economic development are not a wrestling field of ebb and flow, but a symbiotic and mutually beneficial stage.
Back then, when Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) heard that "Dream of the Red Chamber" (红楼梦) was going to be filmed, he keenly seized the opportunity, attracted the Rongguo Mansion (荣国府) to choose Zhengding (正定) as its location, and made the key decision to "build a real scene." In the year when Rongguo Mansion (荣国府) was built and opened, 1.3 million people came to visit, with ticket revenue reaching 2.21 million yuan and total tourism revenue of 17.68 million yuan.
At present, the story of "a drama bringing fire to a city" continues, and more and more "out-of-the-circle" passwords such as a museum and a "village super" are fully demonstrating the effectiveness of cultural empowerment. From Zhengding's (正定) pioneering exploration to today's blossoming of flowers, humanities and economy are mutually accomplishing each other with unprecedented depth.
Cultivating with heart and being good at making achievements, writing a great article on humanistic economics in the new era will better help "material civilization and spiritual civilization complement each other."
People's reputation is a real political achievement of cultural construction. Now, the curtain of the "15th Five-Year Plan" has been opened. With perseverance and hard work, transforming the millennial cultural context into development momentum, the roots of civilization will surely take deeper and deeper, injecting profound and lasting spiritual strength into the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 常 钦
The "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" outline's grand blueprint has already been drawn. How can the 109 major projects be solidly implemented? How can key projects start quickly and achieve results early? On March 16, the Ministry of Natural Resources held a regular press conference to provide an in-depth interpretation of the "Notice on Further Improving the Guarantee of Natural Resource Elements" (hereinafter referred to as the "Notice") jointly issued this month by the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部) and the National Forestry and Grassland Administration (国家林草局). This important document focuses on the common problems of local development at this stage and provides a solid and powerful guarantee of elements for the start of the "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" with 13 policy measures full of gold content.
Dynamic Maintenance and Digital Empowerment
The planning dynamic maintenance mechanism has become one of the highlights of the "Notice." Xie Haixia (谢海霞), Director of the Territorial Space Planning Bureau of the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部国土空间规划局), introduced that the target year of the current territorial space plans at all levels is 2035, spanning a long implementation cycle of 15 years. Dynamically optimizing the territorial space plan based on the task deployment of the national development plan every five years is an inevitable requirement to follow economic laws and urban development laws. The establishment of this mechanism means that spatial planning and national development planning will achieve true resonance.
Xie Haixia (谢海霞) also emphasized the inviolable red line: local authorities must ensure that cultivated land and permanent basic farmland "do not decrease in quantity, improve in quality, and improve in ecology," that ecological protection red lines "maintain stable area, enhance function, and do not change in nature," that urban development boundaries are economical and intensive, concentrated and agglomerated, and that they meet control requirements such as natural disaster prevention and control and historical and cultural protection. Under this premise, annual dynamic maintenance of the plan can be carried out in conjunction with regular physical examinations and evaluations.
In the "Notice," "one map" is a high-frequency word mentioned 11 times. This "multi-plan integration" digital base map of the territorial space planning system will change the traditional approval model. The "Notice" clarifies that for national and provincial stand-alone site selection projects that are located on the "one map," the provincial natural resources authorities will issue a permit opinion in accordance with the territorial space plan after review, and no land pre-examination and site selection procedures will be required. After obtaining the opinion, companies can use the land first.
Process Reengineering: Faster and More Economical
Liu Yan (刘彦), Director of the Department of Territorial Space Use Control of the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部国土空间用途管制司), summarized the changes in the approval process brought about by the "Notice" with three "more"s.
Fewer approval levels. The "Notice" delegates the land pre-examination and prior land use projects that originally fell within the authority of the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部) to the provincial natural resources authorities for handling. Projects that previously needed to be reported to the ministry for approval can now be resolved in a closed loop within the province, while the ministry relies on "one map" for remote penetration supervision.
Higher approval efficiency. The "Notice" comprehensively promotes the linkage approval of land use, forest use, grassland use, and sea use, changing the "serial approval" of departments to "parallel approval" to achieve "one window entry." More practical is the promotion of "four simultaneous actions": simultaneous surveying and mapping, simultaneous on-site inspection, simultaneous public announcement, and simultaneous payment of fees, changing "companies running around" to "departments running collaboratively," greatly reducing approval time.
Lower cost and expenses. By implementing the "multi-argument integration" of natural resource elements, the originally complex types of arguments are merged, achieving "only one argument, only one evaluation."
In terms of element guarantee, the innovation of forestry and grassland elements is also eye-catching. Zhang Min (张敏), Deputy Director of the Forest Resources Management Department of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration (国家林草局森林资源管理司), introduced that in response to the characteristics of linear infrastructure projects such as highways and railways, which have a wide coverage and long construction period, the "Notice" further relaxed the authority to apply for forestry and grassland land use procedures in stages from the prefecture-level city to the city and county level, enhancing flexibility.
Activating Stock: Land-Sea Coordination
Kong Weidong (孔维东), Director of the Natural Resources Development and Utilization Department of the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部自然资源开发利用司), introduced that the "Notice" sets a "hard target": except for stand-alone site selection projects such as energy, transportation, and water conservancy, the annual new construction land in various places shall not exceed the area of activated stock land, "one mu can be added only if one mu is activated."
Kong Weidong (孔维东) said that the allocation of land elements must take into account the "three accounts" of market benefits, national development, and people's livelihood and well-being. New construction land should prioritize major infrastructure, new quality productivity industrial systems, and people's livelihood undertakings such as urban village renovation.
Based on the new situation in which major changes have taken place in the supply and demand relationship in the real estate market, the "Notice" has made clear structural adjustments: new construction land will generally not be used for commercial real estate development. This does not mean stopping the supply of real estate land, but focusing on making good use of existing resources for "refined supply and superior supply." Kong Weidong (孔维东) introduced a set of data: In 2025, the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部) actively cooperated with the Ministry of Finance (财政部) to guide various places to issue more than 540 billion yuan of special bonds from local governments, mainly for the storage of idle land.
In terms of land-sea coordination, oceans and islands, as important strategic spaces for high-quality development, have received widespread attention. Xu Guodong (许国栋), Director of the Marine Area and Island Management Department of the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部海域海岛管理司), said that the Ministry of Natural Resources (自然资源部) has always strictly adhered to the rigid bottom line that the retention rate of natural coastlines on the mainland shall not be less than 35%.
With the upgrading of residents' consumption, leisure activities such as yachting and sea fishing are rapidly rising. In order to solve the problem of yacht berth shortages in coastal cities, the "Notice" supports local authorities in optimizing the infrastructure layout of the yachting and sea fishing industries in conjunction with territorial space planning. Xu Guodong (许国栋) said: "We look forward to cruise ships, yachts, sea fishing, etc. becoming new growth points in the cultural and tourism industry in the future."
Return to TopOn March 18th, track laying officially began on the Yunnan section of the Chongqing-Kunming High-Speed Railway in Songming County (嵩明县), Kunming (昆明) City, Yunnan (云南) Province. The Chongqing-Kunming High-Speed Railway is an important component of the Beijing-Kunming corridor of China's "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-speed rail network. After the line is opened and operating, the travel time from Chongqing (重庆) to Kunming (昆明) will be reduced to about two and a half hours.
Ye Chuanzeng (叶传增) and Yang Zixuan (杨紫轩) provided photographic coverage.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 史一棋 刘军国
Spring breezes across West Lake (西湖), flowers bloom on its banks, willows sway with the orioles singing. Citizens and tourists stroll in twos and threes, enjoying the spring scenery.
It's hard to imagine that just over 20 years ago, West Lake (西湖) in Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, was a scenic area requiring tickets for entry: its area had shrunk, the lake water was polluted, surrounding buildings were occupied, and the overall style was uneven, appearing disorganized and dilapidated.
In 2002, under the care and promotion of Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, the West Lake Comprehensive Protection Project was steadily advanced, and the parks around the lake were gradually opened to the public free of charge.
"Communists must remember that benefiting the people is the greatest achievement." Currently, in the study and education of establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, revisiting the story of "returning the lake to the people" allows us to better appreciate that profound people-centered sentiment.
Doing Things with Feeling
"It was here that we fought for 300 days, 'reclaiming' 300 years of history." Zhang Jianting (张建庭), former director of the Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area Management Committee, led the reporter onto Yanggong Causeway (杨公堤), his thoughts returning to November 28, 2002. On that day, Xi Jinping (习近平) visited West Lake (西湖) as the first stop of his inspection in Hangzhou (杭州).
At that time, the water area of West Lake (西湖) had significantly shrunk, reverting to the state it was in 300 years ago, and the "Ten Scenes of West Lake (西湖十景)" were incomplete. Restoring the scenery of West Lake (西湖) was the heartfelt expectation of the citizens of Hangzhou (杭州).
Xi Jinping (习近平) stood at the construction site of the Yanggong Causeway (杨公堤) scenic area, carefully examining the planning drawings. "Secretary Xi (习书记) said to everyone that the West Lake Comprehensive Protection Project is a virtuous act and a popular move. His words strengthened everyone's confidence, and three days later, the project officially started," Zhang Jianting (张建庭) said.
In the following years, West Lake (西湖) restored more than 180 historical and cultural landscapes, and the water area gradually recovered, with "one lake reflecting twin pagodas and three causeways traversing the green waves." On October 1, 2003, all parks around the lake were opened to the public free of charge, and West Lake (西湖) Scenic Area became the first 5A-level scenic area in China to be opened free of charge.
"When cadres do things with feeling, the masses feel differently." Gan Ang (干昂), deputy director of the Party Member Education Center of the Organization Department of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee, said that benefiting the people is not a slogan written on paper, but a temperature engraved in the heart.
This temperature is hidden in the details. Walking down Yanggong Causeway (杨公堤), there is a public toilet across the road. Yang Xiaoru (杨小茹), former director of the Hangzhou West Lake World Cultural Heritage Monitoring and Management Center, smiled and said, "There's a story here too." After West Lake (西湖) was opened to the public free of charge, the public toilets closed as soon as it got dark, which was very inconvenient for citizens who came for a walk in the evening. "Secretary Xi (习书记) said bluntly that this was completely wrong. After that, all public toilets around West Lake (西湖) were open 24 hours a day for free, and it has continued to this day," Yang Xiaoru (杨小茹) said.
Closing the door is a kind of management, and opening the door is a kind of service. A simple choice reflects whether the people are in one's heart. Over the years, with this "feeling," Hangzhou (杭州) has continued to make efforts in optimizing the ecological environment, strengthening scenic area traffic management, protecting cultural heritage, and transforming "scenic villages," and the experience of the masses has been continuously optimized.
Cultural Heritage Belongs to All the People
"Returning the lake to the people" at West Lake (西湖) would be insufficient if it only returned the scenery.
After 2002, Xi Jinping (习近平) came to West Lake (西湖) for research many times, and his focus was not only on the landscape but also on the cultural context between the mountains and waters.
"Secretary Xi (习书记) required that the project should not blindly pursue novelty, but should retain and respect the truly charming 'old' and 'worn' things." Zhang Jianting (张建庭) said, "From that time on, Secretary Xi (习书记) elevated the protection and development of West Lake (西湖) to the height of a world cultural heritage."
How to better present and display culture?
"Secretary Xi (习书记) believed that there should be such a place to centrally display the profound cultural and natural heritage of West Lake (西湖), so in 2003, he wrote a letter to the main leaders of the Hangzhou (杭州) Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government at that time, proposing to build a West Lake (西湖) Museum." Pan Cangsang (潘沧桑), curator of the Hangzhou West Lake (西湖) Museum, said with great emotion in front of the West Lake (西湖) Museum, "Later, Secretary Xi (习书记) came to the West Lake (西湖) Museum construction site to inspect and put forward many guiding opinions, emphasizing that the architectural form of the West Lake (西湖) Museum should conform to the characteristics of West Lake (西湖)."
Under the guidance of this concept, the West Lake (西湖) Museum has become a door to approach West Lake (西湖) culture. Every day, citizens and tourists look at history and talk to the city here.
"Cultural heritage belongs to all the people. Returning the lake to the people, making cultural heritage a public resource shared by all, not only brings a higher quality of life to the masses but also reshapes the 'soul' of Hangzhou (杭州), a famous historical and cultural city, and opens up a new path for the Party committee and government to win praise, the city to develop, and the people to enjoy tangible benefits." Chen Guangcheng (陈广胜), Secretary of the Party Group and Director of the Department of Culture, Radio, Television and Tourism of Zhejiang Province, said.
Today, people who come to West Lake (西湖) have a richer experience. Passing by Taiziwan Park (太子湾公园), 400,000 tulips are in full bloom in the park. The elderly lead children to identify the flower species, young people hold cameras to record the flower shadows, and couples whisper to each other... "Every year, many people come here admiringly," said He Lei (何蕾), deputy director of the Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area Management Committee.
Do Not Be an "Official" If You Do Not Have the People in Your Heart
Beside West Lake (西湖), the Lakeside Residence (湖畔居) teahouse stands quietly in a corner, with simple and elegant decoration. "This used to be a high-end club with a per capita consumption of thousands of yuan, open only to a few people," said Yang Wei (杨薇), the person in charge of Lakeside Residence (湖畔居).
In 2014, Hangzhou (杭州) strictly implemented the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and carried out a special rectification of "improper practices in clubs." More than 30 high-end business venues around West Lake (西湖) were closed down and transformed.
On the current price list of Lakeside Residence (湖畔居), morning tea is 1 yuan, a bowl of noodles is 10 yuan, and the lunch set menu covers more than 20 varieties of rice, noodles, and snacks. "We hope to provide people who come to consume with urban cultural memories. Here, you can taste not only tea but also the true taste of a happy life," Yang Wei (杨薇) said.
"General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) profoundly pointed out that 'public resources cannot be monopolized and enjoyed by a few people, let alone engage in unhealthy tendencies and corrupt social customs.'" Zhuge Jianqing (诸葛建清), Secretary of the Party Working Committee of Shangtang Street (上塘街道), Gongshu District (拱墅区), Hangzhou (杭州), said, "The rectification of 'improper practices in clubs' directly hits persistent problems of work style. The closure and transformation of the clubs closes the door to extravagance and opens the door to being close to the people. Now, citizens and tourists can enter the store to consume, chat while drinking tea, and also see the lake view through the window, truly achieving the return of the lake to the people and the return of the scenery to the people."
"'Returning the lake to the people' provides the most vivid practical example for Party members and cadres in the city to establish and practice a correct view of performance." Wu Yong (吴勇), Deputy Minister of the Organization Department of the Hangzhou (杭州) Municipal Party Committee, said that he was deeply impressed by the article "Do Not Be an 'Official' If You Do Not Have the People in Your Heart." "Making the people happy is the cause of the Party, and what the masses say is good is truly good. Keeping in mind the entrustment and benefiting the people, we must make good use of the valuable wealth that General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) left to Hangzhou (杭州), guide the majority of Party members and cadres to establish and practice a correct view of performance, focus on the urgent needs and expectations of the masses, earnestly do practical things for the people's livelihood, and make the fruits of development more and more fairly benefit all the people."
The story of "returning the lake to the people" is passed down from mouth to mouth on the banks of West Lake (西湖). Always putting the people in the highest position in the heart and establishing and practicing a correct view of performance is a compulsory course for every Party member and cadre on the new journey.
Return to TopThis newspaper Changsha (长沙) March 19th (Reporter Yang Xun (杨迅)) On the morning of March 16th, the G9694 train departed from Chenzhou West Station (郴州西站) and headed towards Shaoshan South Station (韶山南站). This marks the first high-speed rail study tour special train operated by China Railway Guangzhou Group (国铁广州局) since the launch of the "My Shaoshan Trip" red study tour special train in 2024. On the same day, the first regular-speed train study tour special train of the year departed from Chenzhou Station (郴州站).
The two special trains carried more than 2,400 teachers and students from Yongxing County No. 1 Middle School (永兴县一中) and Chenzhou Comprehensive Vocational Secondary School (郴州综合职业中专学校), starting their two-day study tour. After the red study tour special train arrived in Shaoshan (韶山), the teachers and students visited the former residence of Comrade Mao Zedong (毛泽东同志故居), Shaoshan School (韶山学校) and other red teaching sites.
This year, Hunan (湖南) plans to organize approximately 580,000 students from various cities and prefectures in the province to participate in the "My Shaoshan Trip" red study tour activities. China Railway Guangzhou Group (国铁广州局) plans to operate 144 high-speed rail study tour special trains and 246 regular-speed special trains to Shaoshan (韶山).
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 10th. Comrade Chen Bangzhu (陈邦柱), former Vice Minister and Deputy Party Secretary of the State Economic and Trade Commission (国家经济贸易委员会) (ministerial level), passed away in Beijing (北京) on February 8, 2026, due to illness, at the age of 91.
After the death of Comrade Chen Bangzhu (陈邦柱), relevant central leaders expressed their condolences in various ways and expressed their condolences to his family.
Chen Bangzhu (陈邦柱) was born in September 1934 in Jiujiang (九江), Jiangxi (江西) Province. He started working in February 1951 and joined the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) in October 1975. From June 1965, he served successively as Deputy Director of the Engineering Zone, Director of the Engineering Department, Director of the Dispatching Office, and Chief Engineer of the Ninth Chemical Construction Company of the Ministry of Chemical Industry (化学工业部第九化工建设公司), Manager and Chief Engineer of the Fourth Chemical Construction Company of the Ministry of Chemical Industry (化学工业部第四化工建设公司), Deputy Secretary of the Yueyang (岳阳) Municipal Committee of Hunan (湖南) Province, and Mayor, among other positions. From September 1984, he served successively as Vice Governor of Hunan (湖南) Province and Director of the Provincial Foreign Economic Relations and Trade Commission (省对外经济贸易委员会), Member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee (省委常委) and Vice Governor. From January 1989, he served successively as Deputy Secretary of the Hunan (湖南) Provincial Party Committee (省委), Acting Governor, Deputy Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee (省委), and Governor. From January 1995, he served as Minister and Party Secretary of the Ministry of Domestic Trade (国内贸易部). From March 1998 to December 1999, he served successively as Vice Minister and Member of the Party Group, and Vice Minister and Deputy Party Secretary of the State Economic and Trade Commission (国家经济贸易委员会). He formerly served as President of the China Association for Quality (中国质量协会).
Chen Bangzhu (陈邦柱) was an alternate member of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党第十三届中央委员会候补委员), a member of the 14th and 15th Central Committees of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党第十四届、十五届中央委员会委员), a representative of the 7th and 8th National People's Congress (第七届、八届全国人大代表), a member of the Standing Committee of the 9th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (政协第九届全国委员会常务委员), and a member of the Standing Committee of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (政协第十届全国委员会常务委员) and Director of the Population, Resources and Environment Committee.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 11th. Comrade Xie Hongsheng (谢红胜), former Deputy Director and Party Member of the State Machine-Building Industry Commission, passed away in Beijing (北京) on February 19, 2026, due to illness, at the age of 108.
After the death of Comrade Xie Hongsheng (谢红胜), relevant central leaders expressed their condolences in various ways and expressed their condolences to his family.
Xie Hongsheng (谢红胜) was born in January 1918 in Yanchang (延长), Shaanxi (陕西). He participated in the revolution in January 1936 and joined the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) in February of the same year. From January 1936, he served successively as Quartermaster of the Mishi Guerrilla Detachment in northern Shaanxi (陕北米西游击队), Special Commissioner of the First Regiment of the First Independent Division of the Red Army in northern Shaanxi (陕北红军独立一师一团特派员), Deputy Instructor of the First Battalion and Deputy Section Chief of the Political Department of the Fifth Regiment of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Garrison (陕甘宁边区警备五团一营副教导员、政治处副股长), Clerk of the Political Department, Deputy Secretary of the Party General Branch of the Directly Subordinate Team, and Political Commissar of the Youai Factory of the Third Garrison Brigade of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region (陕甘宁边区警备三旅政治部干事、直属队党总支副书记、友爱工厂政治委员), etc. From October 1945, he served successively as Political Commissar of the Military Industry Department of the Jidong Military Region (冀东军区军工处政治委员), Section Chief of the Military Industry Department of the Jireliao Military Region (冀热辽军区军工部科长), and Deputy Director of the Logistics Department of the Northeast Cavalry Column (东北骑兵纵队后勤部副处长), etc. From September 1947, he served successively as Director of the Preparatory Office of the Jiamusi Textile Factory (佳木斯纺织厂筹建处主任) and Deputy Director of the Northeast Textile Administration Bureau (东北纺织管理局副局长), etc. From July 1957, he served successively as Secretary of the Party Committee and Deputy Director of the Textile Science Research Institute of the Ministry of Textile Industry (纺织工业部纺织科学研究院党委书记、副院长), Deputy Director of the Political Department of the Ministry of Textile Industry (纺织工业部政治部副主任), Deputy Manager and Deputy Secretary of the Party Committee of the Textile Machinery Industry Company (纺织机械工业公司副经理、党委副书记), Head of the Machinery Group of the Ministry of Textile Industry (纺织工业部机械组负责人), and Director of the Machinery Bureau of the Ministry of Light Industry (轻工业部机械局局长). From February 1977 to December 1982, he served successively as Vice Minister and Party Member of the Ministry of Light Industry (轻工业部副部长、党组成员), Vice Minister and Deputy Secretary of the Party Group of the Ministry of Textile Industry (纺织工业部副部长、党组副书记), and Deputy Director and Party Member of the State Machine-Building Industry Commission (国家机械工业委员会副主任、党组成员). He retired in December 1982.
Return to TopBy: 林占熺
A technology's journey from the laboratory is only the first step of a long march. Only when it is brought to the place where it is most needed and given to the people who need it most does it truly come to life and become truly alive.
The fate of scientific researchers lies in exploration, and the joy also lies in exploration. Having been to so many places, the number of difficulties encountered is countless, but each difficulty forces us to break through technical boundaries and open up new application territories.
This year, I am 83 years old. Logically speaking, at this age, I should take a break. Why am I still running to the front line?
The answer is simple: forget your age, and your career will always be young. I am a scientific and technological worker, and also a child of farmers. I have dedicated my life to the Juncao (菌草) industry. As long as I can still walk, these feet must step in the soil. The times are so good, I have no reason to stop.
Many people know me through Professor Ling in the TV series "Minning Town (山海情)". Some people ask, is it really that difficult? I said, we have experienced the suffering shown in the play; we have also experienced what was not shown in the play. But that suffering is insignificant compared to the sweetness the masses receive.
I am always on the road because I always remember that sweetness, remember why I set out. To engage in scientific research, in a thousand words and ten thousand, is to solve the most urgent and difficult problems in the hearts of the people. In the late 1970s, our country had 250 million people living in poverty. The *Lentinula edodes* cultivation technology introduced from abroad, although it could increase income, was like **拆东墙补西墙** (chāi dōng qiáng bǔ xī qiáng - "demolish the east wall to repair the west wall," to rob Peter to pay Paul; to meet an immediate need at the expense of long-term interests). In order to grow mushrooms, the trees on the mountains had to be cut down. I felt really uncomfortable watching the green mountains turn into bald ridges.
Is it possible to use unwanted *Dicranopteris dichotoma*, *Miscanthus floridulus*, and other weeds instead of wood? Dare to think, but also dare to do. As soon as the idea came up, I went all out and borrowed 50,000 yuan—at that time, it was 100 times my annual salary—to build a simple laboratory, working day and night to study the cultivation of edible and medicinal fungi "using grass instead of wood." Looking back now, I was really bold. Fortunately, more than 1,000 days later, the first *Lentinula edodes* cultivated with wild grass broke ground, and the excitement at that moment was indescribable. I knew, it was done! Along the way, I have been afraid, but I have never regretted it.
With the technology, where should I go? Xiang Nan (项南), then Secretary of the Fujian Provincial Party Committee, instructed me, "You must not take the road of personal wealth," "Juncao technology should be used for poverty alleviation and to contribute to social development. This is the true value of your life." He also personally wrote the inscription, "Develop the Juncao industry and benefit all mankind." Look, this is the breadth of mind and benevolence of our Chinese people, establishing oneself to benefit others. Although starting a business is difficult, what is in their hearts is the rice bowl of all mankind. These 10 words have since become my lifelong purpose.
A technology's journey from the laboratory is only the first step of a long march. Only when it is brought to the place where it is most needed and given to the people who need it most does it truly come to life and become truly alive. After planting Juncao in the soil erosion area of Fujian (福建), surface runoff was greatly reduced that year; in the Xihai Gu (西海固) area of Ningxia (宁夏), known as "the most barren place in the world," the income of villagers' 50-square-meter mushroom houses exceeded that of 27 mu of wheat; in the Alxa (阿拉善) section of the Yellow River (黄河), Juncao reduced the amount of sediment entering the Yellow River by 90.9%... Wherever there is poverty, hardship, or poor ecology, I go there and plant Juncao there. As of June last year, Juncao technology has been promoted in 606 counties across the country and overseas, with a Juncao planting area of more than 6 million mu, creating an ecological value of more than 70 billion yuan.
I have also never forgotten the grand goal of "benefiting all mankind." Thanks to the open era, especially riding on the east wind of jointly building the "Belt and Road" initiative, Juncao has the opportunity to travel across the ocean and take root in many countries. But helping others is not so easy. From Fiji (斐济) to South Africa (南非), from Rwanda (卢旺达) to Kenya (肯尼亚), each country is a new "battlefield for poverty alleviation." The harshness of the conditions in some places is really unimaginable. Many people live tribal lives, wearing leaves as clothes, and cannot even guarantee three meals a day.
The more difficult it is, the more it reflects the meaning of help, and the more it needs our support. Everyone adapts to local conditions, simplifies the technology again and again, so that illiterate villagers can understand it at a glance and learn it as soon as they learn it. In Papua New Guinea (巴布亚新几内亚), the Juncao industry has radiated to 10 provinces and has become the second largest pillar industry in the Eastern Highlands Province; in Rwanda, more than 50 Juncao mushroom cooperatives have driven more than 30,000 people to find employment and double their income. When they mention Juncao, they will give a thumbs up and say that it is the "grass of prosperity" and "grass of happiness" from China.
Since embarking on the road of foreign aid in 1998, my mission has kept me from stopping, and my pride also makes me reluctant to stop. Some local people put on festive costumes and raise the Chinese flag higher than their own national flag; a minister directly changed his daughter's name to "Juncao" and specially published it in the newspaper. This is honor, but also responsibility. Every time I go abroad, I tell the team that we are carrying the national flag on our backs, sticking the national flag on our faces, and we must always think of the motherland in our hearts. When you are in a foreign country, you and I are China. The more backward the place, the more we must rise to the challenge, so that we can live up to the mission entrusted to us by the country and live up to the earnest expectations of countless local people who are eager to get rid of poverty.
The fate of scientific researchers lies in exploration, and the joy also lies in exploration. Having been to so many places, the number of difficulties encountered is countless, but each difficulty forces us to break through technical boundaries and open up new application territories. "Using grass instead of wood" was just the beginning. Today, Juncao is "growing bigger and bigger," and its technological applications have been expanded to multiple fields such as ecological governance, biomass energy, and bio-based materials; the excellent grass varieties selected, such as Giant Juncao and Oasis No. 1, have also achieved breakthrough progress in the production of pulp, textile fabrics, and fuels. Scientific research has no completion. In my twilight years, my original intention is still burning hot. As long as I live for one day, I will lead Juncao to move towards the light.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out that Juncao technology is a "technology unique to China." This is a great affirmation and encouragement. I often say that I am just a "commoner," and it is the country that has cultivated me and the times that have made me. If I had not been born in China, I would not have done Juncao research; if it were not for socialist China, this technology might not have been used for poverty alleviation and public welfare, let alone greening the world.
During this year's National People's Congress (全国两会), General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Chinese-style modernization is the modernization of common prosperity for all the people." As long as the mountains and rivers still need to be governed, as long as there is still poverty on the earth, I will always be on the road, continuing to write the great article of "developing the Juncao industry and benefiting all mankind." This is my luck, my duty, and also what I am happy to do.
(The author is the chief scientist of the National Juncao Engineering Technology Research Center (国家菌草工程技术研究中心) and the inventor of Juncao technology. This article was compiled and edited by Jiao Siyu (焦思雨), a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 张 铁
In Baishui County (白水县), Weinan City (渭南市), Shaanxi Province (陕西省), it is said to be the hometown of Cangjie (仓颉), the "ancestor of Chinese characters." In a corner of the Baishui Cangjie Park (白水仓颉公园), there is a "Cherish Character Pagoda" (惜字塔), five stories high and nine meters tall, built of bluestone. The tower is hollow, used for burning paper with writing on it.
Such pagodas, also known as "Character Repository Pagodas" (字库塔) or "Character Burning Furnaces" (焚字炉), are found in many places throughout China. In traditional Chinese concepts, writing has important significance in connecting heaven and earth and preserving unique knowledge. Therefore, the *Huainanzi* (《淮南子》) says that when Cangjie (仓颉) created characters, "heaven rained millet and ghosts cried at night," and the Qing Dynasty (清代) primer *Jie Yun You Yi* (《节韵幼仪》) warns, "Even a single word or piece of paper contains the Dao." Paper with writing on it should also be respected and cherished, and not discarded at will, so pagodas were specially built to burn it to avoid desecration.
The emergence of the "Cherish Character Pagoda" may have its folk origins; however, the concept of "cherishing paper with writing" behind it contains the genes of respecting knowledge and cherishing culture. In 1983, a farmer in Shandong (山东) discovered a copy of the *Yongle Encyclopedia* (《永乐大典》). Because the elderly farmer followed the tradition of "cherishing paper with writing," although he had cut off the "top and bottom margins" to make shoe patterns, he did not damage the main body of the text, allowing the content to be preserved. Mr. Wang Meng (王蒙) once emphasized the significance of writing: "If heaven does not change, the characters will not change," and thus "the Dao will not change." Respecting and cherishing writing is also an important reason for the continuous development of Chinese culture.
Today, most "Cherish Character Pagodas" have disappeared into the dust of history, and "characters" have evolved into "character codes," existing in digital space as virtual "0"s and "1"s. Books and periodicals have characters, and computers, mobile phones, and the internet also have characters. The form may have changed, but the essence of writing conveying information and expressing thoughts has not changed, nor will it change. From this perspective, aren't sounds and videos extensions of writing? These are all "paper of the times," constructing our cultural landscape and continuing the spiritual lifeline that transcends time and space. We no longer need to specially burn those papers with writing, but the cultural spirit embodied in the "Cherish Character Pagoda" is still precious.
On one side of the arched door on the first floor of the Baishui "Cherish Character Pagoda" (白水“惜字塔”) is a couplet: "Do not discard even a small piece of the six scripts, just because a single character is worth a thousand gold." This "a single character is worth a thousand gold" not only shows respect for writing, but also implies reflection on how to use writing, that is, to have respect in one's heart, to be cautious when writing, to pay attention to literary virtue, and to 惜字如金 (xī zì rú jīn - "cherish words like gold," to value every word; to be concise and careful in writing). Indeed, written paper is just a carrier, and the character is the foundation; looking deeper, the character is actually just a carrier, and the information, meaning, and thought contained within it are the key. In this way, cherishing written paper should have the meaning of using writing carefully, writing should not be arbitrary, and writing should not be taken lightly.
In the information age, the threshold for the production and dissemination of writing has been greatly reduced, but we still need to remember this warning of "a single character is worth a thousand gold." Today's "paper" can be said to be extremely rich. With a light press of the keyboard and a click to send, everyone's expression can be integrated into the information torrent, and everyone is a supplier of "paper." The so-called "a single character is worth a thousand gold" is not just a metaphor under the high returns brought by clicks. In reality, it is not uncommon to fabricate rumors to gain traffic, pretend to be crazy and sell foolishness to attract attention, and similar content pollution. The capacity of cyberspace is infinite, and if the "paper" produced is noise, or even radical or vulgar language, it is equally "insulting to culture."
In particular, the rapid development of artificial intelligence makes content production more convenient, and also makes the "cherishing expression" behind "cherishing paper" more critical. On the one hand, the "paper" we create may become the corpus of artificial intelligence. If the source is clear, the stream will be clear; if the source is turbid, the stream will be turbid. Low-quality corpus is difficult to train high-quality large models, and some people even deliberately "feed" polluted corpus. On the other hand, low-quality, homogenized content generated in batches by artificial intelligence, and even false content produced by "AI hallucinations," also permeate digital space with technical efficiency. This "AI swill" brings new test questions for the governance of the network ecology. Humans are always the foundation of the digital content ecology. Only by adhering to the heart of "cherishing paper" can we shape cyberspace with positive voices, mainstream values, and new trends of the times, so that the internet becomes an important position for ideological leadership, moral cultivation, and cultural inheritance.
In Chating Town (茶亭镇), Wangcheng District (望城区), Changsha City (长沙市), Hunan Province (湖南省), there is also a "Cherish Character Pagoda" (惜字塔), with a large tree growing out of the top of the pagoda, standing tall like a canopy. From Cangjie's (仓颉) creation of characters to "cherishing paper with writing," the context of writing connects the spiritual world of the Chinese nation. No matter how trends change or how technology iterates, by maintaining respect for writing and awe of culture, our spiritual home will surely be full of vitality and present a new era.
Return to TopThe latest data from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration (国家林草局) shows that the total forest area in China has reached 3.614 billion mu, with a forest coverage rate exceeding 25%. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China standardized the protection of approximately 5.0819 million ancient and famous trees, effectively safeguarding 2.578 billion mu of natural forests, and afforested 185 million mu, an area similar to Fujian Province (福建省), becoming the country with the largest and fastest increase in green cover globally.
This is precisely:
Green tides surge with the wind,
The forest deepens with the richness of spring.
Mountains and rivers are draped in brocade,
The Divine Land (神州) takes on a new look.
Yang Yuwen (杨羽文)
Return to TopBy: 尹双红
【Phenomenon】Not long ago, seven departments including the Ministry of Commerce jointly released the new version of the "Catalogue of Encouraged Import Services" (《鼓励进口服务目录》) (hereinafter referred to as the "Catalogue"). What's new? The most intuitive change is the addition of "Other Professional Services" and "Medical and Health Services" categories. Another change is the adjustment and optimization of some encouraged import service content, and the deletion of service content that no longer needs to be encouraged for import. The increase and decrease reflect the development wisdom of changing with the times and innovating with the situation, and demonstrate the people-oriented approach of better meeting the people's needs for a high-quality life.
【Commentary】
As an important policy document guiding and supporting the innovative development of service trade, the release of the new version of the "Catalogue" is an important measure for China to actively expand imports and achieve high-quality development. From the first release in 2016 to the two revisions, from the joint release by the earliest three departments to the current joint efforts of seven departments, the iterative evolution of the "Catalogue" is a microcosm of China's continuous deepening of opening up.
This year's "Government Work Report" proposed to "actively expand independent opening up," "expand market access and opening fields with the service industry as the focus," and "reduce the negative list of cross-border service trade." Whether it is the implementation of provisional import tax rates lower than the most-favored-nation tax rates for 935 commodities (excluding tariff quota commodities), or the construction of more consumer promotion scenarios for imported goods to allow high-quality imported products and services to "come in" and "sell well," a series of import expansion policies have been intensively implemented and exerted efforts in multiple areas since the beginning of this year, demonstrating China's determination to promote development through opening up and share opportunities with the world.
Observing from a longer time scale, China's door to opening up is opening wider and wider, and the focus is becoming more and more precise.
Take the adjustment of this "Catalogue" as an example. There is a reason for the increase, aiming at shortcomings and accurately filling gaps. The addition of medical and health services allows the masses to enjoy international high-quality diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation resources at their doorsteps, and puts the people's expectations into practice. The addition of supply chain management, integrated circuit research and development design, and other related services closely focuses on technological innovation and industrial upgrading, injecting vitality into new quality productive forces. There is a basis for the deletion, practicing internal skills, and grasping the initiative. Allowing services with sufficient domestic supply capacity to withdraw in a timely manner not only avoids resource misallocation but also creates greater development space for local service enterprises, which helps the long-term progress of China's service industry.
Filling shortcomings, benefiting people's livelihoods, and promoting upgrades, there is the same yardstick behind it: the reality of development. Proceeding from reality in everything makes high-level opening up more down-to-earth and more effective.
"We have to give a fast-growing child a bigger piece of clothing." Xi Jinping (习近平) once used such a vivid analogy while working in Zhejiang (浙江). Promoting the continuous and healthy development of industries and undertakings, "tailor-made" is an essential and important link.
As "national subsidies" enter the new year, how can we better play the role of "using four ounces to move a thousand pounds"? The scope of new digital product purchase subsidies has been expanded to digital and smart products, home appliance subsidies have been further focused on first-level energy efficiency (water efficiency) products, and automobile subsidies have been tilted towards new energy models, so as to improve quality and efficiency with "precise drip irrigation," and policy dividends will be more smoothly transformed into the driving force for high-quality development.
When the marginal benefits of simply investing in things diminish, emphasizing "the close combination of investing in things and investing in people," China's total factor productivity steadily increases. Carrying out vocational skills improvement training to enhance workers' employment and entrepreneurial abilities not only activates human capital but also drives residents' income growth and consumption upgrades.
Practice has proved that planning undertakings and work from reality can "make ideas, policies, and plans conform to actual conditions, objective laws, and scientific spirit," and can "create achievements that can stand the test of practice, the people, and history." Focusing on high-quality development and high-quality life needs, both anchoring the course with strategic determination and calibrating the coordinates of policy implementation with pragmatic innovation can maximize the guiding and supporting forces of policies, solve practical problems, and activate development momentum.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" (十五五规划纲要) outlines a new blueprint for development in the next five years. Being a good actionist and pragmatist, creatively carrying out work in combination with reality, and moving forward step by step, promoting the implementation and effectiveness of various tasks, will surely transform the "planning map" into a "real scene map."
Return to TopInterviewees:
Li Zheng (李拯), *People's Daily* Commentator
Zhu Keli (朱克力), Dean of the Bay Area Low-Altitude Economy Research Institute
Li Zheng (李拯): General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "We must do a good job in national air traffic management and promote the healthy development of the low-altitude economy." This year's *Government Work Report* proposed to build "emerging pillar industries such as the low-altitude economy." The newly revised Civil Aviation Law will be implemented in July this year, explicitly adding "low-altitude economy" to airspace management. How do you view the impact of this law on the development of the low-altitude economy?
Zhu Keli (朱克力): It is helpful to start with the specific needs of enterprises. A company engaged in the transportation of medical supplies in mountainous areas reflected that the flight approval process was previously complex, lengthy, and lacked uniform standards. A route of only a few dozen kilometers often required waiting for more than ten days, or even longer, making it impossible to implement many emergency scenarios. Explicitly incorporating the "low-altitude economy" into the airspace management system, standardizing airspace use, flight entities, and management responsibilities, and providing legal answers to questions such as "how to fly, who manages, and how high can you fly," will shift low-altitude flight from a "case-by-case" basis to **有法可依** (yǒu fǎ kě yī - "there are laws to abide by," having laws or rules to follow), which is conducive to stabilizing industry development expectations.
Li Zheng (李拯): Not long ago, the Aircraft Airworthiness Certification Department of the Civil Aviation Administration of China (中国民航局) released the *Airworthiness Standard for Normal Category Powered Lift Unmanned Aircraft Systems (Unmanned) (Draft for Comment)*. After the standard is introduced, it will fill the gap in national-level airworthiness standards for medium and large unmanned aerial vehicles.
Zhu Keli (朱克力): Previously, many domestic companies developing "air taxis" encountered practical difficulties: prototypes could be test-flown, but there were no national unified standards, making it impossible to carry out large-scale operations and difficult to obtain long-term confidence from the market and capital. After some companies completed the development of prototypes, the certification cycle was prolonged due to unclear standards, and the industrialization process was slow. This draft for comment is a key step for medium and large unmanned aerial vehicles and eVTOL (electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft) towards commercialization.
Li Zheng (李拯): As the number of unmanned aerial vehicles increases, some "low, slow, and small" unmanned aircraft "black flights" and other disruptive behaviors pose safety hazards. In the initial stage of emerging industries, how can we better coordinate development and safety?
Zhu Keli (朱克力): "Black flights" are like "unlicensed driving" in the air, with huge risks. Safety is the prerequisite for the development of the low-altitude economy. To better coordinate development and safety, the key is to focus on three aspects: advance technical control, fully implement real-name registration, electronic fences, and flight reporting to reduce illegal flights from the source; strictly supervise according to law, clarify punishment standards, and increase the investigation and punishment of disruptive and illegal flights; and coordinate and link departments, with civil aviation, public security, air traffic control, emergency response and other departments establishing a joint disposal mechanism.
Only with safety and controllability can the space for low-altitude opening be greater; only on a safe track can the low-altitude economy "fly" and "fly" more steadily.
Li Zheng (李拯): The low-altitude economy is still in the stage of transitioning from concept to application. What are the advantages and characteristics of some pioneering regions in developing the low-altitude economy?
Zhu Keli (朱克力): From a regional perspective, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (粤港澳大湾区) has a complete industrial chain and a concentration of leading enterprises, and has achieved normalized operation in scenarios such as drone logistics and low-altitude sightseeing; the Yangtze River Delta (长三角地区) region has complete digital infrastructure and dense logistics demand, making it suitable for developing urban instant delivery, medical emergency delivery and other businesses; the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) region has abundant R&D resources and has more advantages in emergency rescue, government patrol inspection, and aviation surveying and mapping; the Chengdu-Chongqing (成渝地区) region has unique terrain and diverse scenarios, making it suitable for developing characteristic low-altitude businesses such as mountain logistics, scenic spot sightseeing and emergency delivery...
From practical observation, low-altitude logistics and distribution are most likely to achieve large-scale breakthroughs first. At present, in Shanghai (上海), Shenzhen (深圳), Guangdong (广东), Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江) and other places, drone delivery of fast food, medicines, and documents has entered daily life, with thousands of orders delivered on a single day during peak periods. The model is mature, the demand is stable, and it is close to people's livelihood, making it the easiest scenario to move from pilot projects to popularization.
Li Zheng (李拯): From a national perspective, all regions want to enter the new track of the low-altitude economy. To avoid **一哄而上** (yī hōng ér shàng - "swarm up," a large number of people rushing forward at the same time), adhere to adapting to local conditions, how can various regions accurately locate themselves in the development of the low-altitude economy?
Zhu Keli (朱克力): To develop the low-altitude economy, various regions do not need to engage in complete machine manufacturing and headquarters bases, but more importantly, adapt to local conditions, guide according to the situation, and develop in a differentiated manner.
Although some counties do not have high-end manufacturing, they rely on farmland and mountains and forests to promote large-scale drone plant protection, forest fire prevention, and river patrol inspection, and have also formed characteristic industries; some cities rely on rich cultural and tourism resources to focus on developing low-altitude sightseeing and aerial tours, creating differentiated competitiveness; remote areas can focus on emergency rescue and material delivery, and use low-altitude technology where it is most needed. Each place can rely on its own resource endowments, refine a scenario, and implement a service, and can find its own place in the trillion-level market.
Li Zheng (李拯): Policy support is strong, enterprises are adding vitality, and the vigorous development of the low-altitude economy allows us to see a better combination of an active government and an effective market, and see the concrete presentation of the advantages of the socialist system. The low-altitude economy is not just an industrial economy, but the more valuable value lies in making the sky a new public infrastructure, allowing emergency supplies to be delivered faster, agricultural production to be more efficient, emergency rescue to be more timely, and public services to be more inclusive, so as to better benefit the people. With safety first, application as the focus, and people's livelihood as the foundation, multi-party collaboration and synergy will surely promote the continuous development and growth of the low-altitude economy.
Return to TopThis edition's email: rmrbl@peopledaily.cn
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By: 本报记者 王云娜
Singapore Perennial Group has established a wholly-owned hospital here; Hyundai Motor Group has located its first overseas hydrogen fuel cell system research and development, production, and sales base here; Zeiss Optics' Guangzhou manufacturing base has grown into a "Lighthouse Factory"... As China's southern gateway to the outside world, Guangzhou (广州), Guangdong (广东), known as the "Millennium Commercial Capital," is relying on its solid industrial foundation and institutional opening-up to become fertile ground for foreign investment in China.
In 2025, facing multiple challenges, Guangzhou newly established 11,000 foreign-invested enterprises, accounting for about 1/6 of the country; the actual use of foreign capital increased by 9.1% year-on-year, a growth rate higher than the national average. Recently, reporters visited three foreign-invested enterprises to explore Guangzhou's "hard-core" charm in attracting foreign investment.
"It's more reassuring to invest with people who know the industry"
Not long ago, Pan Xiyuan (潘锡源), Chairman of Singapore Perennial Group, flew to Guangzhou and immediately launched intensive business negotiations and talent interviews. "The Perennial Hospital invested by us in Baiyun District (白云区) is being renovated and is expected to be operational by the end of this year. To promote the project, I come to Guangzhou at least once a month," said Pan Xiyuan (潘锡源).
Perennial Group is a multinational healthcare and real estate integrated enterprise. In January 2025, its wholly-owned Guangzhou Baiyun Perennial Hospital was approved to be located in Baiyun District (白云区), becoming the first newly established wholly foreign-owned hospital in Guangdong (广东) after the promulgation of the new national policy on expanding opening-up in the medical field in 2024.
Why choose Guangzhou (广州)? Pan Xiyuan (潘锡源) has a deep connection with this city: he first traveled to Guangzhou (广州) in the 1990s, leaving a good impression; he visited Guangzhou (广州) frequently for work between 2000 and 2008, witnessing the city's tremendous changes. After starting his own business, investing in Guangzhou (广州) has always been a major wish of his.
At the end of 2024, the National Health Commission and other four departments issued the "Pilot Program for Expanding Opening-up in the Wholly-Owned Hospital Field," allowing the establishment of wholly foreign-owned hospitals in nine pilot areas, including Beijing (北京), Shanghai (上海), and Guangzhou (广州). As soon as the policy was released, Pan Xiyuan (潘锡源) immediately led a team to Guangzhou (广州), conceiving the idea of building a hospital around Guangzhou Baiyun Station (广州白云站).
"We value Guangzhou's top medical strength. There is a concentration of high-level hospitals here, which are competitive in the international medical market. At the same time, the cost of building a hospital in Guangzhou (广州) is only half that of Singapore, making it extremely cost-effective," Pan Xiyuan (潘锡源) analyzed.
In addition, the Guangzhou Baiyun Station (广州白云站) area has obvious location advantages: after the high-speed rail is opened, major cities in the Greater Bay Area (大湾区) can be reached in two or three hours; the airport is about half an hour away from the station, which is convenient for international patients; the climate is pleasant and the food is diverse, which is friendly to international people.
A overseas investment promotion activity by the Baiyun District (白云区) government further strengthened Pan Xiyuan's (潘锡源) determination. At that time, the district government carried out investment promotion in Singapore. After inspecting Perennial Group, the relevant responsible comrades of the district government analyzed the company's projects in China on the spot and gave specific suggestions. "They had done their homework in advance, not only were they full of sincerity, but they also deeply understood the logic of industrial development. It's more reassuring to invest with people who know the industry," Pan Xiyuan (潘锡源) said with emotion.
The project was quickly implemented with a total investment of 1 billion yuan, focusing on the introduction of cutting-edge tumor diagnosis and treatment technologies. With the deepening of cooperation, Perennial Group has also established a joint venture with a state-owned enterprise in Baiyun District (白云区) to jointly build Baiyun International Medical and Elderly Care City, planning to attract more high-quality Chinese and foreign enterprises to settle in.
"A long-term and stable policy environment makes investors more determined"
Inside Hyundai Motor Hydrogen Fuel Cell System (Guangzhou) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "HTWO Guangzhou"), new energy vehicles equipped with hydrogen fuel cell systems are neatly arranged.
"HTWO Guangzhou is Hyundai Motor Group's first overseas hydrogen fuel cell system research and development, production, and sales base. Looking back on the development process, the decision to invest in Guangzhou (广州) was very correct," said Choi Doo-ha (崔斗河), General Manager of the company.
In the field of new energy vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have attracted much attention due to their unique advantages. When talking about the reasons for choosing Guangzhou (广州), Choi Doo-ha (崔斗河) said that it was based on a comprehensive consideration of strategy, industry, policy, and market.
Guangzhou (广州) has a clear hydrogen energy industry plan and policy guidance. The "Guangzhou Hydrogen Energy Industry Development Plan (2019-2030)" has a forward-looking layout, coupled with a good business environment, which constitutes the "soft power" to attract foreign investment.
The industrial foundation is also solid: Guangzhou's (广州) hydrogen energy development is at the forefront of the country; the automotive industry chain is complete, which is conducive to local collaborative innovation and cost reduction; Guangdong's (广东) rich industrial by-product hydrogen and renewable energy hydrogen production resources ensure a stable supply of hydrogen.
In January 2021, HTWO Guangzhou was officially established, and it was completed and put into production in 2023. Its hydrogen fuel cell system has the characteristics of modularization, simplification, and lightweight, and is suitable for automobiles, ships, rail transit, and other fields.
In the early stage of market development, the company encountered difficulties: although the products were recognized, customers had concerns about costs and risks. In September 2024, a large logistics company issued a detailed cost analysis report at a product promotion meeting, raising concerns about hydrogen fuel costs and maintenance systems.
In November 2024, Guangzhou (广州) introduced several measures to accelerate the high-quality development of the hydrogen energy industry, establishing fuel cell vehicle demonstration operation subsidies and providing financial support based on mileage. After the policy was introduced, the logistics company changed its attitude and quickly signed a thousand-level strategic cooperation agreement with HTWO Guangzhou, and completed the delivery of the first batch of hundreds of hydrogen heavy trucks in December of the same year.
In June 2025, the "Three-Year Action Plan for Promoting the Development of the Intelligent Connected New Energy Vehicle Industry in Guangzhou" was released, clarifying that the first 5,000 fuel cell vehicles can enjoy purchase subsidies, further stabilizing market expectations.
With the help of policies, the company's layout has also shifted from production to research and development - in July 2025, Hyundai Motor Group established its first overseas hydrogen energy research and development center in Guangzhou (广州), using the university and scientific research resources of the Greater Bay Area (大湾区) to accelerate technology localization and innovation.
"A long-term and stable policy environment makes investors more determined. We will continue to expand the application of hydrogen energy in ships, power generation, and other fields," said Choi Doo-ha (崔斗河).
"Government departments always try to solve problems for enterprises"
Inside the Guangzhou manufacturing base of Carl Zeiss Optics (China) Co., Ltd., the lens production line is busy and orderly.
"The vigorous growth of the base is inseparable from the nourishment of this land," said Yang Xiaoguang (杨晓光), President of Zeiss Optics China. Since 2021, China has become Zeiss's largest single market in the world, and also one of the fastest-growing and most innovative markets.
Yang Xiaoguang (杨晓光) has worked at Zeiss Optics for 22 years and personally felt the charm of Guangzhou (广州): "Government departments always try to solve problems for enterprises."
At the beginning of this century, Zeiss France's customized lens orders grew rapidly, and European production capacity could not meet the demand. The group planned to build additional factories in Guangzhou (广州), but was worried about the timeliness of cross-border logistics. After learning about this, Huangpu Customs (黄埔海关) took the initiative to propose that it could provide all-weather customs clearance services according to the company's delivery time.
"Customized lenses rely on an efficient import and export system, and the support of the customs made us determined," said Yang Xiaoguang (杨晓光). In 2007, Zeiss built a high-end customized progressive lens and sunglasses factory in Huangpu Comprehensive Bonded Zone (黄埔综合保税区). After it was put into production, the first batch of goods arrived in France in 24 hours under the guarantee of the customs.
Since then, Huangpu Customs (黄埔海关) has continued to optimize services: providing "7×24 hours" appointment customs clearance to ensure "zero delay"; including enterprises in the white list of nuclear release order control to improve the efficiency of inspection and customs clearance; guiding enterprises to obtain AEO (Authorized Economic Operator) senior certification to enjoy the convenience of priority handling of various procedures.
In 2025, Huangpu Customs (黄埔海关) also promoted the use of drones to transport Zeiss bonded lenses, piloting a low-altitude intelligent customs clearance model to further improve efficiency.
"Efficient supervision and high-quality services have significantly enhanced the global competitiveness of our base. Today, 'Made in Guangzhou' not only supplies the domestic market, but also sells to the world," said Yang Xiaoguang (杨晓光). In mid-January this year, the Zeiss Optics Guangzhou manufacturing base was selected as a "Lighthouse Factory" by the World Economic Forum, becoming the first factory in the global optical lens industry to be certified.
Looking to the future, Yang Xiaoguang (杨晓光) said: "Investing in China is investing in the future. We will continue to deepen local cooperation, rely on Guangzhou's (广州) complete industrial chain, and expand new businesses such as orthokeratology lenses, AR (augmented reality)/VR (virtual reality) smart glasses, and continue to move forward on this fertile land."
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 19th. According to news from the Chinese Government Network on the 19th, the State Council recently approved the inclusion of Meishan City as a National Historical and Cultural City.
The approval pointed out that Meishan City has a long history, profound culture, rich cultural heritage resources, well-preserved traditional patterns and historical features, distinct regional characteristics, and important historical and cultural value.
The approval requires the People's Governments of Sichuan Province and Meishan City to implement the requirements of the "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics" and the "Regulations on the Protection of Famous Historical and Cultural Cities, Towns and Villages," deeply research and explore the connotation and value of cultural heritage, systematically carry out archaeological surveys and historical research, clarify the spatial pattern and development context of the ancient city of Meizhou, clarify the principles and priorities of protection, strengthen the protection and utilization of cultural heritage, inherit and promote outstanding Chinese traditional culture, and tell the Chinese story well. Compile and implement the Meishan City Historical and Cultural City Protection Plan and special plans for cultural relic protection, formulate and strictly implement protection management regulations, and clarify the list of various protection objects as well as protection content, requirements, and responsibilities.
The approval also requires correctly handling the relationship between urban construction and cultural heritage protection, ascertaining the resources of cultural relics, strengthening the protection of cultural relics, improving the system of "investigation before construction" and "archaeology before transfer," attaching importance to the protection of urban patterns and the control of style and features, and strengthening overall protection and systematic protection; protecting and restoring historical and cultural blocks, supplementing supporting infrastructure and public service facilities, and continuously improving the quality of the living environment; strengthening the repair and protection of immovable cultural relics and historical buildings, and promoting the revitalization and utilization of cultural relics.
Return to TopMacau, March 19 (Reporter Fu Zimei (富子梅)) The Legislative Assembly of the Macau Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区) held a detailed discussion and unanimously passed the "Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Macau Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区维护国家安全委员会)" bill on the 19th. The bill will take effect on the day following its publication in the *Macau Special Administrative Region Gazette* (《澳门特别行政区公报》).
The Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Macau Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区维护国家安全委员会) was established by Administrative Regulation No. 22/2018. The bill proposes to repeal the aforementioned administrative regulation, elevate the legal status of its norms, and explicitly stipulate in legal form the basic system for the duties, composition, and operation of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Macau Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区维护国家安全委员会). This endows the National Security Committee with a more solid legal foundation and is an important measure for the Macau Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区) to improve its national security legal system and strengthen the top-level design of its national security system.
The Macau Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区) government stated that the bill fully embodies the organic unity of the central government's overall jurisdiction and the high degree of autonomy of the special administrative region. It is conducive to the national security affairs advisor supervising, guiding, coordinating, and supporting the Macau Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区) in carrying out national security work, and is of great significance for ensuring that the Macau Special Administrative Region's (澳门特别行政区) national security work always advances in the correct direction. At the same time, the bill comprehensively enhances the comprehensive capabilities of the Committee for Safeguarding National Security of the Macau Special Administrative Region (澳门特别行政区维护国家安全委员会) in coordinating, efficiently executing, and supervising the implementation of various national security risks. It is of great significance for effectively safeguarding national sovereignty, security, and development interests.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 窦瀚洋
Driving past the Yinzhou Economic Development Zone (鄞州经济开发区) in Ningbo (宁波), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, the construction site of the AUX (奥克斯) Intelligent Manufacturing Science and Technology Park can be seen from afar – with numerous tower cranes and the steel structure of the factory buildings already taking shape.
In March of last year, AUX Group (奥克斯集团) invested 6 billion yuan to build the Intelligent Manufacturing Science and Technology Park project, covering an area of 850 acres.
Why such a large-scale expansion at this time? Lü Meng (吕萌), head of the home appliance division of AUX Group (奥克斯集团), put it very frankly: "We have to expand."
Market demand is growing rapidly, with more and more orders and busier production lines –
In the first half of 2025, AUX (奥克斯) air conditioner business achieved a total operating income of 20.09 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16.66%, and air conditioner production capacity is almost saturated. Data shows that AUX (奥克斯) air conditioners have expanded their market to more than 160 countries and regions, ranking among the top in market share in more than 20 countries.
Technology is updated and products are iterated, transformation needs to be accelerated, and innovation needs to be intensified –
Previously, AUX (奥克斯) had invested a total of 3 billion yuan for intelligent upgrades, refreshing the new speed of intelligent manufacturing at the Jiangshan (姜山) factory in Yinzhou District (鄞州区) of "one panel off the line every 38 seconds."
"AI technology is changing rapidly. Under the impact of new technologies, we must adapt to the trend of small-batch customization and develop technologies such as AI visual quality inspection and digital twin debugging," said Yin Changgeng (尹长庚), head of air conditioner manufacturing at AUX Group (奥克斯集团).
To seize the high ground of global high-end manufacturing, only technological innovation is the way. In the past 5 years, AUX (奥克斯) has invested hundreds of millions of yuan in research and development every year, built three global research and development centers, and has accumulated 12,000 patents and more than 1,000 R&D personnel.
On the R&D side, innovation drives product upgrades.
At the AUX Group (奥克斯集团) R&D center, staff are debugging a new type of smart voice air conditioner. "Hello Xiao Ao (小奥), I'm hot, turn the temperature down two degrees." As soon as the voice fell, the air conditioner responded and a cool breeze came slowly. "Early products were often mistakenly awakened due to environmental noise interference." Ye Luwei (叶鲁伟), head of air conditioner R&D at AUX Group (奥克斯集团), introduced that based on DeepSeek (深度求索) and Baidu's large model (百度大模型), the AUX (奥克斯) R&D team created a smart voice air conditioner control system, collected tens of thousands of noise samples from life scenarios, and "trained" the recognition model. Now, the new product can "understand" soft speech from a distance of 5 meters, achieving a response time of 0.46 seconds and a wake-up accuracy rate of 99.6%.
On the production side, wisdom empowers both quality and efficiency.
Through the "Smart Central Platform" of equipment independently developed by the company, each machine has a "digital twin": after receiving the order instruction, the process parameters are synchronously issued from the cloud, and the equipment autonomously aligns and automatically changes the mold. As early as 2013, AUX (奥克斯) established intelligence as a strategic direction. Today, AUX's (奥克斯) air conditioner manufacturing bases around the world have achieved production and processing automation, manufacturing process transparency, quality control precision, and warehousing and logistics efficiency. Taking the Ningbo (宁波) base as an example, it has achieved 100% interconnection of key equipment, an intelligence rate of over 85%, and an automation rate of 100% for key quality control points.
The AUX (奥克斯) Intelligent Manufacturing Science and Technology Park under construction will exert stronger advantages in flexible delivery, intelligent quality control, green and low-carbon initiatives. "Here will grow 'production lines that can think', relying on technologies such as digital twins to make production scheduling as real-time optimized as navigation," Lü Meng (吕萌) said frankly, "The reason for deciding to invest with such intensity is because we see a longer-term future and have confidence in the industry and the national economy."
Return to TopDuring the Spring Equinox, people in various regions enjoy the beautiful spring time through folk activities such as standing eggs, making peach blossom cakes, and flying kites.
The picture shows children from Yugong Road Kindergarten (愚公路幼儿园) in Jiyuan City (济源市), Henan Province (河南省) flying kites on March 19.
Photo by Duan Erping (段二平) (China Photo)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王明峰
On the opening day of the childcare class, inside the corridor of Changhong Kindergarten in Zizhong County (资中县), Neijiang City (内江市), Sichuan Province (四川省), the children lined up and followed the teacher's demonstration to do morning exercises. Outside the corridor, parent Dai Min (戴敏) watched attentively. Both she and her husband have to work, and the elderly at home are in poor health. When her child had just turned two, she once considered resigning, "There was really no one to take care of the child."
Sending her child to a public childcare center not far from home costs a few hundred yuan per month, which "can be managed" in the family budget, Dai Min (戴敏) said. For dual-income families like hers, inclusive public services are related to employment choices and life arrangements. After-school services, sports and education integration, psychological counseling, and other content are gradually being supplemented; juvenile police academies, Zizhong Women's Football (资中女足), and other educational services with local characteristics are constantly being improved. Starting from inclusive childcare services, public services are gradually integrated into different stages of children's growth.
Since last year, Neijiang City (内江市) has proposed building an age-friendly society, improving the population service system covering all people and the entire life cycle, and shifting people's livelihood work from single-point advancement to systematic layout. As a large county with a population of one million, Zizhong (资中) further specifically broke down this goal in the process of connecting with the development needs of the "elderly, youth, and children" service system: How to continuously improve the equalization, inclusiveness, and convenience of public services at the county level?
"Medical care is a need of people's livelihood." In the view of Hong Ling (洪玲), Deputy Director of the Zizhong County (资中县) Health Bureau, whether one can make fewer trips, wait less in line, and spend less energy is a direct test of whether public services are convenient.
Zizhong (资中) regards the construction of the county's medical system as one of the important pillars for promoting an age-friendly society, so that medical resources are as close as possible to the daily life radius of the masses.
Not long ago, in the corridor of Yinshan Town (银山镇) Health Center in Zizhong County (资中县), 78-year-old Zhang (张) just finished cataract surgery. "In the past, to have this kind of surgery, you definitely had to go to the county seat," Zhang's (张) family said. "Now you can do it in the town, the effect is good, and it costs less."
The change comes from the construction of a county-level medical community. In recent years, Zizhong (资中) has promoted the regular sinking of county-level hospital experts to the grassroots level, mutual recognition of medical examination results, and a number of common and frequently-occurring diseases have gradually been treated in township health centers. "Many elderly people are not afraid of seeing a doctor, but are afraid of the hassle," said Liu Yuanbin (刘元斌), Secretary of the Party Branch of Yinshan Town (银山镇) Health Center. With the sinking of medical resources, the people have less back-and-forth travel.
Data shows that since the establishment of the Zizhong County (资中县) medical community, the number of outpatient visits to township health centers has increased by more than 10%, and the rate of people seeking medical treatment within the county has increased by 6.6 percentage points. Follow-up visits for chronic diseases and treatment of common diseases, middle-aged and young patients are also gradually returning to the grassroots level.
Focusing on the elderly population, Zizhong (资中) is simultaneously promoting services such as health management, rehabilitation care, and medical-nursing integration. Through facility renovation, service sinking, and resource integration, efforts are being made to reduce the gap and clarify the path for urban and rural elderly people to obtain basic elderly care services.
In the community, employment service points are embedded in the residential living circle, job matching, skills training, and policy consultation are carried out centrally to help young people complete the transition from school to employment more smoothly; in the block, convenient stations such as "Rider Homes" are successively laid out to provide new employment groups with basic guarantees such as rest and charging... Zizhong (资中) "deconstructs" public services into more specific life scenarios, so that different groups can obtain support that is "just right" within their respective living radius.
At present, Zizhong (资中) has initially formed a public service network covering childcare, education, medical care, elderly care, and other fields. More resources are extended to communities and the grassroots level, and the allocation of public services continues to be tilted towards densely populated areas, striving to build a more equal, more inclusive, and more convenient people's livelihood security system at the county level.
"Building an age-friendly society is not just a slogan, it must start with small things and details," said Hu Qinggao (胡清高), Secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Zizhong County (资中县) Civil Affairs Bureau. Guaranteeing and improving people's livelihood requires continuous efforts and sustained dedication to bring concrete services into the daily lives of the masses.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王 观
As China's largest tax, value-added tax (VAT) virtually covers all aspects of economic activity across all industries, having a broad impact on the economy and society. The "Value-Added Tax Law of the People's Republic of China" officially came into effect on January 1 this year. With the legalization of VAT credit refunds, the expansion of input deduction scope, and the streamlining of deemed sales scope... What changes have occurred in the tax rate structure and deduction chain in the nearly three months since its implementation? Which industries can benefit? Our reporter conducted interviews.
——Editor
What Impact Does the Change in Tax Rate Structure Have?
Ensuring Smooth Policy Transition, More Stable Expectations for Enterprise Development
When it comes to VAT, many people often ask, "What is the tax rate?"
Currently, the VAT law specifies three tax rates, namely 6%, 9%, and 13%, which are unchanged from before. It also stipulates that the levy rate for calculating and paying VAT using the simplified tax calculation method is 3%.
The coexistence of VAT rates and levy rates is an institutional design that takes into account tax fairness, collection and management efficiency, and industrial support, mainly considering adapting to the accounting capabilities of different taxpayers and moderately reducing compliance costs. For example, small-scale taxpayers generally have insufficient financial personnel and weak accounting capabilities. The use of levy rates and simplified tax calculation methods eliminates the need to account for input, which can significantly reduce the compliance costs of small and micro enterprises.
The VAT law maintains the basic framework and tax burden level of the current VAT system unchanged, but it has also made some adjustments to further improve the modern VAT system. In the VAT law, some of the reform achievements of recent years have also been consolidated in legal form.
For example, the VAT law clarifies for the first time at the legal level that VAT is a price-exclusive tax, requiring the VAT amount to be listed separately on transaction vouchers, which helps to standardize market transaction behavior; it clarifies that electronic invoices have the same legal effect as paper invoices, which is conducive to promoting "governance by numbers" and adapting to the needs of economic structural transformation.
"The VAT law makes relevant policies clearer and more unified, and our enterprise development expectations are also more stable." Jiang Ermei (姜贰梅), the financial head of Chongqing Yu Da Water Co., Ltd. (重庆市渝大水务有限责任公司), said by way of example that in the past, the transitional policy of VAT exemption applied to the receipt of expropriation compensation. Now, it is clarified in principle that legally obtained expropriation compensation income belongs to VAT non-taxable income, which means that the more than 71 million yuan of expropriation compensation that the company's subordinate water plant is about to receive can be calculated separately more clearly and does not need to be taxed. Adapting to the VAT law's processing requirements, the company's new water plant construction and asset replacement will be smoother.
How to Achieve "Ring-by-Ring Deduction"?
Further Improving the VAT Deduction Chain, Enhancing Certainty and Operability
The deduction rule is the core of the VAT system. Through systematic institutional design, further improving the VAT deduction chain can effectively avoid double taxation and promote fair market competition.
"Generally speaking, we use the output tax amount minus the input tax amount, and take the balance as the tax payable. When the balance is positive, tax must be paid. If it is negative, it becomes the VAT credit, which can be applied for a VAT credit refund or carried forward to the next period for continued deduction according to regulations. This deduction rule reflects the basic characteristic of VAT's 'ring-by-ring deduction'," said Li Xuhong (李旭红), Vice President of Beijing National Accounting Institute (北京国家会计学院).
"This VAT law proposes that taxpayers are allowed to choose to carry forward the VAT credit to the next period for continued deduction or apply for a refund, which is equivalent to clarifying from a legal perspective that taxpayers have the right to a VAT credit refund, which not only enhances the stability and authority of the system, but also provides a legal basis for supporting policies," said Li Xuhong (李旭红).
It is worth noting that there are also major changes in input tax deduction. For example, the input tax amount corresponding to purchased catering services, residents' daily services, and entertainment services has been changed from non-deductible to the input tax amount corresponding to purchases and direct consumption being non-deductible.
"In the past, the input tax amount for enterprises purchasing catering, residents' daily services, and entertainment services was not deductible. After this adjustment, if a travel agency, as a general taxpayer, arranges catering for customers, it is part of the business activity rather than direct consumption, and the corresponding input tax can be deducted. This is good for the cultural tourism industry and can reduce our tax costs for outsourced services," said relevant personnel from Zhejiang Huzhou Yixing Travel Service Co., Ltd. (浙江湖州易行旅行服务有限公司).
The implementing regulations also adjusted and improved the input tax deduction rules for long-term assets with mixed uses. "The policy takes into account both flexibility and standardization, encouraging investment while achieving tax fairness through subsequent adjustments, which is conducive to enterprises planning long-term asset allocation more rationally and supporting sustainable development," said Sun Jing (孙静), the financial head of Jilin Siping Heating Co., Ltd. (吉林四平热力有限公司). Allowing full deduction for mixed-use single long-term assets with an original value of no more than 5 million yuan reduces operating costs and financial costs, which helps to accelerate equipment renewal and technological upgrades, and enhance competitiveness; for mixed-use single long-term assets with an original value of more than 5 million yuan, the input tax amount that cannot be deducted is adjusted year by year according to the number of years, making the VAT deduction chain more complete.
Which Industries Can Benefit?
Adapting to New Changes, Providing a Clear Legal Basis for Various Business Operations
Tax incentives are a focus of concern for many people.
The VAT law stipulates some VAT-exempt items. For example, medical services provided by medical institutions; antique and old books, items used by natural persons sold by themselves; imported instruments and equipment directly used for scientific research, scientific experiments, and teaching; childcare services, elderly care services, and services provided by institutions for the disabled provided by nurseries, kindergartens, elderly care institutions, and institutions for the disabled, marriage introduction services, and funeral services; academic education services provided by schools, and services provided by students through work-study programs, etc.
"Setting VAT-exempt situations is mainly to encourage the development of small and micro enterprises, small-scale taxpayers, and individual businesses, and reduce their tax burden," said Shi Zhengwen (施正文), Director of the Research Center for Fiscal and Tax Law at China University of Political Science and Law (中国政法大学).
Some past exemption items have also changed. For example, for-profit cosmetic medical institutions can no longer enjoy tax exemption as medical services. "Many beauty shops are high-end consumption, not general medical care. Appropriately increasing the tax burden on beauty shops is also a need to regulate the economy and ensure fairness," said Shi Zhengwen (施正文).
Someone asked, "I recently opened an online store. Is there anything I should pay attention to?"
Relevant personnel from the policy department of the Wuxing District Taxation Bureau of the State Taxation Administration of Huzhou City (国家税务总局湖州市吴兴区税务局) said that the VAT law has clarified and improved the definition of small-scale taxpayers, especially the small-scale identity rules for special subjects such as natural persons and non-enterprise units are clearer, avoiding misjudgment and mandatory registration risks.
Specifically, according to the law, a small-scale taxpayer refers to a taxpayer whose annual taxable VAT sales amount does not exceed 5 million yuan. At the same time, it is clarified that the "annual taxable VAT sales amount" refers to the cumulative taxable VAT sales amount of the taxpayer in a continuous operating period of no more than 12 months or 4 quarters, and the sales amount of the taxpayer's incidental sales of intangible assets and transfers of real estate is not included in the calculation of the annual taxable VAT sales amount.
"It should be noted that although the division standard between general taxpayers and small-scale taxpayers has not changed, there has been a change in the time point," Li Xuhong (李旭红) explained. Relevant regulations clarify that from 2026, if the annual taxable VAT sales amount exceeds the prescribed standard, the effective date of the general taxpayer is the 1st day of the current period exceeding the prescribed standard, but not earlier than January 1, 2026. That is to say, according to current regulations, if a taxpayer adjusts the previous sales amount due to risk control verification, tax inspection, or supplementary tax payments, it should be included in the sales amount of the corresponding period. When the cumulative sales amount exceeds the prescribed standard, it should be retroactively registered as a general taxpayer, but not earlier than January 1, 2026.
Return to TopBeijing, March 19 (Reporter Liu Zhiqiang (刘志强)) - It was learned from the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) that the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展改革委) has launched a new batch of 13 landmark major foreign investment projects, with a planned investment of 13.4 billion US dollars.
The newly selected projects are mainly concentrated in manufacturing, including electronic manufacturing, chemical industry, automobile, electrical machinery, etc., to promote the accelerated development of industrial clusters. At the same time, efforts will be increased to support the service industry, and logistics projects will be included in the list for the first time. R&D center projects in fields such as biomedicine will continue to be supported to promote the deep integration of modern service industries and advanced manufacturing.
Up to now, the landmark major foreign investment projects have cumulatively completed an investment of 108 billion US dollars, and the demonstration effect of attracting investment is **显著** (xiǎn zhù - "remarkable," clear and obvious).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 邱超奕
Air China (中国国际航空), China Eastern Airlines (中国东方航空), and China Southern Airlines (中国南方航空) recently released announcements on safeguarding passenger rights, introducing several ticket purchase guarantee measures.
In response to passenger feedback regarding issues such as irregular ticket price increases and opaque refund and change fees encountered when purchasing tickets through some third-party channels, the airlines have launched services such as "Ticket Verification" and "Fare and Tax Inquiry." Air China (中国国际航空) has launched a "Ticket Verification" service on its official channels, allowing passengers to verify the authenticity of their tickets, accurate fares, and refund/change rules in real-time. China Eastern Airlines (中国东方航空) stated that after purchasing tickets, passengers can log in to the "China Eastern Airlines (中国东方航空)" APP or the "China Eastern Airlines (中国东方航空)" WeChat mini-program to verify tickets and inquire about fares and taxes. China Southern Airlines (中国南方航空) encourages passengers to purchase tickets or verify ticket information through the "China Southern Airlines (中国南方航空)" APP, the "China Southern Airlines (中国南方航空)" WeChat mini-program, etc. If discrepancies are found between the ticket price and the itinerary, China Southern Airlines (中国南方航空) will compensate the passenger for the difference.
In response to fluctuations in airfares, the three major airlines have introduced corresponding measures. Previously, passengers had to pay a certain refund fee if they refunded their tickets when fares fluctuated. Air China (中国国际航空) has launched a new fare guarantee service, promising that passengers who purchase Air China (中国国际航空) domestic one-way direct tickets through the "China Air (中国国航)" APP and the "China International Airlines (中国国际航空)" mini-program can apply for a free refund of their original ticket within a specified time if they repurchase a lower-priced ticket for the same itinerary for the same passenger through any sales channel in China.
China Southern Airlines (中国南方航空) has also updated its ticket processing policy, allowing passengers who find that the fare has decreased after purchasing a China Southern Airlines (中国南方航空) domestic ticket to apply within 24 hours of ticketing. China Southern Airlines (中国南方航空) will process a free refund of the original ticket after the passenger purchases a new ticket. China Eastern Airlines (中国东方航空) has issued an announcement stating that consumers can use the "2-hour Full Refund" function within 2 hours of purchasing a ticket and 12 hours before the flight's departure. Tickets that meet certain conditions can enjoy two free refund rights within 180 days.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Wuhan (武汉) dispatch on March 19th (Reporters Yu Weiliang (禹伟良) and Fan Haotian (范昊天)) On March 19th, with the sound of a gong, Voyah Automobile, headquartered in Wuhan (武汉), Hubei (湖北) Province, was officially listed on the main board of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (香港联交所) and began trading. Voyah Automobile adopted a listing by introduction method for this listing on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (香港联交所), without issuing new shares or immediate financing.
"Promoting the listing of Voyah Automobile is a powerful measure for Dongfeng Motor Corporation (东风公司) to strengthen the market value management of listed companies and promote the preservation and appreciation of state-owned assets. It is a key measure for Dongfeng Motor Corporation (东风公司) to accelerate its new energy transformation." Yang Qing (杨青), Chairman and Party Secretary of Dongfeng Motor Group Co., Ltd. (东风汽车集团有限公司), said that the listing of Voyah Automobile will help optimize Dongfeng Motor Corporation's (东风公司) capital layout and governance structure, further promote professional integration, and continuously strengthen, optimize, and expand the intelligent connected new energy vehicle business.
As a high-end intelligent new energy vehicle brand under Dongfeng Motor Group (东风汽车集团), Voyah Automobile has been committed to technological innovation in key areas such as platform architecture, "three-electric" systems, and combined assisted driving for the past 6 years since its establishment. As of February 26 this year, Voyah Automobile has accumulated 5,828 patent applications and 2,042 authorized patents. The compound annual growth rate of new energy vehicle sales from 2023 to 2025 reached 73%; in 2025, it achieved a net profit of 1.02 billion yuan, with a gross profit margin stable at 20.9%.
Return to TopThe spring tide surges, warming people's hearts, and finance fulfills its mission for the people. Industrial Bank (兴业银行) adheres to a people-centered value orientation, continuously promotes the protection of financial consumer rights, closely focuses on the publicity theme of "Clean Financial Network, Safeguarding Secure Consumption," takes "Finance for the People, Doing Practical Things" as the main line, deeply integrates financial consumer protection education and publicity with people's livelihood services, acts as the "guardian" of financial consumer rights, and effectively enhances the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
Technology Empowers, Innovative Practices Write a Good Answer Sheet for People's Livelihood Services
Industrial Bank (兴业银行) continues to upgrade the "An Yu Life" (安愉人生) elderly financial service system, launches the "An Yu Edition" of mobile banking online, and opens a green channel for elderly customers on the customer service hotline 95561, helping the elderly to cross the "digital divide." In 2025, the green channel for elderly customers on the customer service hotline 95561 provided services to nearly 700,000 people, and the "An Yu Edition" of mobile banking served nearly 2.4 million customers.
Industrial Bank (兴业银行) deeply integrates technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence into products and services, and launched the "Social Security Nearby" service in Sanming City (三明市), Fujian Province (福建省) and other places, sinking 35 high-frequency social security businesses to outlets, and jointly with government units and many institutions to enrich the use scenarios of social security cards, such as designated elderly canteens for payment discounts, library face-swiping borrowing, etc., to provide convenience and benefits for local elderly citizens.
Industrial Bank (兴业银行) actively builds the "Industrial Inclusive Finance" (兴业普惠) platform to provide "financial + non-financial" services for small and micro enterprises, opens up the "last mile" of finance to the countryside, and quickly responds to the financial discount policy for personal consumption loans, launching an exclusive zone for mobile banking. For new employment groups such as truck drivers, online car-hailing drivers, takeaway delivery personnel, and couriers, it relies on a digital platform to create a convenient service system and accurately connect with their financial needs.
Adhere to the Bottom Line, Diversified Measures Consolidate the Financial Security Defense Line
In the "3·15" Financial Consumer Rights Protection Education and Publicity Campaign in 2026, Industrial Bank (兴业银行) focused on financial network chaos, and through short videos, animations, interactive H5 pages, etc., exposed marketing routines such as unqualified diversion and high-yield promises, and carried out "speaking about risks with cases" for risk points such as illegal agency refunds and claims, and overseas credit card theft, using real cases to dismantle financial fraud techniques.
Industrial Bank (兴业银行) cooperates with external cooperative institutions to carry out financial education and training to form a joint force in the industry to combat fraud and prevent fraud. At the same time, it unblocks channels for consumers to reflect their demands, broadens online and offline mediation channels, practices the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) in the new era, and transforms the customer's "problem list" into an "improvement list" to effectively solve the urgent and difficult problems of financial consumers.
Industrial Bank (兴业银行) builds a solid security defense line with technological innovation. The consumer protection review AI large model system it developed covers nearly 200 review points and more than 1,000 keywords, and accurately identifies risks through multi-modal technology, and has won many awards issued by the China Artificial Intelligence Industry Development Alliance and other institutions.
Inclusive for the People, Financial Knowledge Popularization Integrates Convenient Services
Facing elderly customers, Industrial Bank (兴业银行) has carried out the "Respect for the Elderly Month" theme activity for 11 consecutive years, and carried out various forms of activities to respect and love the elderly in outlets relying on the "An Yu Club" (安愉俱乐部), turning the outlets into a warm "silver-age paradise"; for young people, it links up with education authorities and schools to carry out publicity and education through campus debates, interactive Q&A, and "financial knowledge into campus" activities.
During this year's "3·15" period, Industrial Bank (兴业银行) continued to strengthen internal and external collaboration, and the head office and branches jointly created a three-dimensional publicity matrix. Offline, all outlets of the bank carried out a series of "3·15 Consumer Protection Service Day" actions, set up a "3·15" consumer protection service desk to provide consultation, carried out the "President on Duty in the Lobby" activity to listen to consumer demands, and carried out differentiated publicity in communities, enterprises, and villages. Online, it launched original consumer protection micro-movies, creative short videos, and prize-winning Q&A activities, forming a good atmosphere of "everyone is a consumer protection propagandist."
In addition, Industrial Bank (兴业银行) takes the "Xing Gongyi" (兴公益) benefit-the-people station in the outlets as the carrier, deeply integrates financial knowledge popularization with convenient services, provides more than 40 free convenient services, and builds a public financial education position.
Industrial Bank (兴业银行) always regards the protection of financial consumer rights as an important manifestation of practicing the political and people-oriented nature of financial work, adheres to integrating into daily life and grasping it regularly, continuously improves the digital financial service system, continuously strengthens risk prevention capabilities, carries out financial knowledge popularization on a regular basis, and uses more professional services and more powerful measures to implement "Finance for the People, Doing Practical Things" and contribute more Industrial Bank (兴业银行) strength to the people's better life.
Data source: Industrial Bank (兴业银行)
By: 本报记者 魏哲哲
The act of selling weight loss products containing prohibited ingredients: How is the behavior defined? Can consumers apply for refunds if "automatic renewal" deduction reminders are inadequate? How to protect rights when purchasing pets that are "not as advertised"? The Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院) released typical cases of consumer rights protection, focusing on food and drug consumption, online consumption, and emerging areas of consumption, responding to hot issues in the field of consumer rights protection.
Adding prohibited ingredients to food, and operators failing to fulfill their inspection obligations, must also bear punitive compensation responsibility.
In recent years, the market size of weight loss products has continued to expand. However, some manufacturers add prohibited ingredients to weight loss products, which seriously threatens the health of consumers.
Yu Mou (于某) spent more than 2,000 yuan in Zhang Mou's (张某) online store to purchase a certain weight loss food, and the production company of the food was a certain health care product company. After receiving the goods, Yu Mou (于某) found that the health care product company had been revoked its business license many years ago, so he reported the case to the public security organ. After identification, the food ingredient contained a large amount of sibutramine, which is a prohibited ingredient in food. Yu Mou (于某) sued the court, requesting that Zhang Mou (张某) bear punitive compensation liability of ten times the price.
"According to the provisions of the Food Safety Law, if an operator knows that the food does not meet food safety standards, the consumer has the right to require the operator to pay ten times the price as compensation. If the operator fails to fulfill the inspection obligation in accordance with the law, sells toxic and harmful food, and allows the risk of damage to occur, it should be identified as an operator who knows that the food does not meet food safety standards." The trial court held that Zhang Mou (张某) sold weight loss food that did not meet food safety standards, and Yu Mou's (于某) claim for punitive compensation should be supported.
The protection of the rights and interests of elderly consumers is also the focus of the judiciary. In practice, some operators make false propaganda, exaggerate product efficacy, induce elderly people to consume, and infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of elderly people.
Zhao Mou (赵某) promoted a certain physiotherapy product on an online platform as having the effects of "reducing the three highs" and "treating diabetic complications." After seeing this, Sun Mou (孙某) went to the physiotherapy store operated by Zhao Mou (赵某) to experience it, and purchased 10 courses of physiotherapy projects, totaling more than 10,000 yuan. After that, the physiotherapy store only used ordinary skin care products for physiotherapy services. After 4 courses, there was no effect, and Sun Mou (孙某) negotiated with Zhao Mou (赵某) for a refund but failed, so he sued the court.
"The information provided by operators to consumers about goods or services shall be true and comprehensive, and shall not be false or misleading. Zhao Mou (赵某) falsely advertised that his physiotherapy products have disease-curing functions such as 'reducing the three highs,' exaggerated the efficacy, and induced elderly people to consume, which constitutes fraud and should be refunded and bear punitive compensation liability." The trial court ruled that Zhao Mou (赵某) should refund the physiotherapy fee of more than 10,000 yuan and pay punitive compensation of three times the price.
Membership automatic renewal, the platform's reminders are not in place or unclear, the deducted fees and interest generated should be refunded.
Automatic renewal makes consumption more convenient. However, in practice, some operators have problems such as missing or inconspicuous deduction reminders, and inconvenient cancellation of automatic renewal.
A certain company is the operator of a certain video platform. Xie Mou (谢某) purchased the membership service of the video platform and selected the "continuous annual package" option. The service agreement stipulated the content of automatic renewal, and agreed that if errors occur in the deduction process, the party at fault shall bear the responsibility according to the cause of the fault.
Nearly a year later, the company sent Xie Mou (谢某) a reminder message for automatic renewal, but did not set up an automatic pop-up reminder for the message, and the viewing path was not clear. On the same day, the company sent a text message to Xie Mou's (谢某) mobile phone, but the sending failed. Later, the company did not remind Xie Mou (谢某) again. After Xie Mou (谢某) found that he had been deducted, he requested the company to refund the fee but was rejected, so he sued the court, requesting that the company be ordered to refund the fee and compensate for the interest loss during the period of capital occupation. The company was willing to refund the deducted fee, but refused to compensate for the interest loss.
According to the provisions of the Consumer Rights Protection Law, consumers have the right to know and the right to choose independently. The "Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Online Transactions" formulated by the State Administration for Market Regulation stipulate that if online transaction operators provide services in the form of automatic extension or automatic renewal, they shall remind consumers in a prominent manner five days before the consumer accepts the service and before the date of automatic extension or automatic renewal, so that consumers can choose independently.
"In the case where the information in the platform carries a large number of advertising notification functions, the automatic renewal reminder of a certain company did not set up an automatic pop-up reminder, and the path to view the information is not clear, this reminder method is difficult to say is prominent." The trial court held that after the text message was sent unsuccessfully, the company failed to continue to fulfill its reminder obligations and failed to fully protect consumers' right to know and right to choose independently. In the end, the court supported the consumer's litigation request.
At present, it has become common for consumers to book rooms through online platforms. Lu Mou (鲁某) booked a room for three days and two nights at a certain inn through an online travel service platform 14 days in advance, and paid the full room fee of 1281 yuan. The homepage of the booking order was marked with "cannot be canceled 30 minutes after the booking is successful, and the full amount of the advance payment will be deducted for cancellation." Because he did not buy a ticket to the destination, Lu Mou (鲁某) applied for a cancellation and a full refund two hours after the room booking was successful. The inn refused to refund on the grounds that Lu Mou's (鲁某) cancellation was overdue.
According to the Civil Code, the party providing the standard terms shall determine the rights and obligations between the parties in accordance with the principle of fairness, and the standard terms that unreasonably increase the other party's liability shall be invalid. "A certain inn accepts orders online, and the two parties constitute a hotel service contract relationship." The trial court held that although the clause "cannot be canceled 30 minutes after the booking is successful, and the full amount of the advance payment will be deducted for cancellation" was prompted on the homepage of the order, Lu Mou (鲁某) applied for a cancellation 14 days before the check-in date, and the inn had a reasonable period and market conditions for resale. If the above standard terms are implemented, it will unreasonably increase the consumer's liability and does not conform to the principle of fairness.
In the end, the trial court based on the actual losses of a certain inn, taking into account the performance of the contract, whether the cancellation affects the secondary sales, the fault of the parties, and other factors, and ruled that a certain inn should refund Lu Mou (鲁某) the room fee of 1000 yuan.
"Appearance economy" and pet economy fields are prone to fraud, and more attention should be paid to false propaganda and "goods not as advertised."
With the improvement of the quality of life, the "appearance economy" is becoming increasingly common. However, in practice, some medical beauty service operators have unlicensed operations, false propaganda, and use inferior products, which damage consumers' physical and mental health and property rights.
Zhang Mou (张某) received multiple medical beauty services such as face-lift injections and rhinoplasty in a certain cosmetics store, but symptoms such as nodules and erythema appeared on the nose and face. The store's operators falsely claimed to have medical beauty qualifications and that the products were compliant, and that the symptoms were caused by Zhang Mou's (张某) own physique, and promised to repair them. However, after multiple repairs, there was no improvement, so Zhang Mou (张某) went to the hospital for treatment. Later, Zhang Mou (张某) sued the court, requesting that the cosmetics store be ordered to refund the service fee of more than 50,000 yuan and bear punitive compensation liability of three times the price.
According to relevant regulations, medical beauty institutions must be registered with the health administrative department and obtain a "Medical Institution Practice License" before they can carry out practice activities. "In this case, the cosmetics store provided Zhang Mou (张某) with medical beauty services with quality problems for many times knowing that it did not have medical beauty qualifications, and there was concealment of facts and false promises, with fraudulent intent." The trial court finally ruled that the cosmetics store should return the service fee of more than 50,000 yuan to Zhang Mou (张某) and pay punitive compensation of three times the price.
In recent years, pet purchase, breeding and other related consumption has continued to grow. Some operators highlight the promotion of "pure breed" to attract consumers to buy, but disputes are often caused by "goods not as advertised."
Gao Mou (高某) wanted to buy a purebred Pomeranian and paid a certain pet company a price of more than 8,000 yuan. However, 4 days after receiving the dog, the pet hospital found that the dog had problems such as patellar dislocation and nasolacrimal duct obstruction. The breed certificate provided by the pet company was forged, and there was no other evidence to prove that the dog was a purebred Pomeranian. So Gao Mou (高某) sued the court, requesting that the pet company refund the price and bear punitive compensation liability of three times the price.
The Consumer Rights Protection Law stipulates that operators shall provide consumers with comprehensive and true information about the quality, performance, etc. of goods, and shall not make false or misleading propaganda. "The pet breed has a significant impact on its market value, and the pet breed certificate is an important certificate to prove the authenticity of the breed and is an important consideration for Gao Mou (高某) when purchasing." The trial court held that the pet company provided a false breed certificate and did not provide other evidence to prove it, and the dog had a variety of health problems, which was seriously inconsistent with the promises made by the pet company.
In the end, the court found that the pet company made false propaganda about the pet breed information, which constituted fraud, and ruled that the pet company should refund Gao Mou (高某) the purchase price of more than 8,000 yuan and pay punitive compensation of three times the price.
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China Consumers Association reminds -
Pay attention to the improper restrictions on rights in the standard terms when signing a service contract.
Beijing, March 19 (Reporter Qi Zhiming (齐志明)) The China Consumers Association and the China Market Supervision and Management Society released the "Typical Cases of Complaint Mediation of National Consumers Association Organizations in 2023-2025" on March 19. The typical cases of complaint mediation released this time cover issues such as sales fraud in live broadcast rooms, "cigarette card" consumption by minors, compensation for falls from shared power-assisted vehicles, agricultural machinery loan consumption, inducement to purchase "sky-high" Chinese medicinal materials in other places, and loss of pets during bathing, demonstrating the active role of consumer associations in various places in resolving consumer disputes and safeguarding consumer rights.
Taking the "Compensation Case for Falls from Shared Power-Assisted Vehicles Scanned by Non-Personal Codes" as an example, in April 2025, Qi Nvshi's (齐女士) son (who had reached adulthood) had a unilateral traffic accident due to vehicle quality problems while riding a power-assisted vehicle operated by Shanghai Hello Inclusive Technology Co., Ltd. Hello Company refused to pay compensation on the grounds that "accidents occurring during the process of riding a bicycle by scanning the code and settling accounts through a non-personal real-name account are not within the scope of insurance coverage" in the riding order insurance contract. After investigation, the Cangzhou Consumer Protection Committee of Hebei Province believed that the insurance company involved in the case unreasonably restricted consumers' right to claim compensation and exempted the operator from the compensation obligations that should be borne by taking "scanning the code for others to ride" as an exemption reason. The Cangzhou Consumer Protection Committee sent a letter suggesting that the National Financial Supervision and Administration Bureau correct the behavior of the insurance company and urge it to change the standard terms. The China Consumers Association reminds that consumers should carefully read the standard terms provided by operators before signing various service contracts or purchasing goods, and focus on the contents related to the exemption of rights and obligations, the limitation of liability, and the liability for breach of contract. If a consumer dispute occurs, report it in a timely manner.
Return to TopBy: 陈宜芳
In recent years, consumption scenarios have been continuously updated, and consumption patterns have become increasingly diverse. On the one hand, the public is increasingly willing to pay for "worry-free" and "convenience," and automatic renewals, online reservations, and other practices are becoming increasingly common. On the other hand, people are shifting from meeting basic living needs to pursuing quality of life, paying more attention to consumer experience and emotional value, and health and wellness, the "appearance economy," and the pet economy have also become consumer hotspots.
However, no matter how consumption methods are updated and iterated, and how consumption scenarios are innovated and changed, the law is always the guideline and boundary of business activities. In typical cases, the court regulates "unnoticeable renewals" to encourage consumers to consume with confidence; it finds that standard clauses such as "reservations cannot be canceled 30 minutes after successful booking, and full fees will be deducted for cancellation" are unreasonable, reasonably determines the amount of refunds, and fairly protects the rights and interests of consumers and operators; in cases involving elderly physiotherapy, medical aesthetics, and pet consumption, it orders operators who make false advertisements to bear punitive damages.
These cases once again remind business entities that when transacting with consumers, they should always adhere to the principles of voluntariness, equality, fairness, and honesty and trustworthiness; the goods and services provided should not harm the personal or property safety of consumers; and the information provided to consumers should be comprehensive and truthful, and no false advertising should be made. In the next step, the People's Court (人民法院) will continue to pay attention to new trends in the consumption field, actively respond to the new needs and expectations of the masses, safeguard the promotion of consumption with fair justice, and provide a more solid and powerful judicial guarantee for enhancing consumer confidence, stimulating consumption vitality, promoting high-quality development, and improving people's well-being.
(The author is a member of the Adjudication Committee of the Supreme People's Court (最高人民法院) and the Presiding Judge of the First Civil Division.)
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 19th (Reporter Ouyang Jie (欧阳洁)). The General Administration of Customs (海关总署) recently revised and issued the "Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Registration Management of Overseas Production Enterprises of Imported Food" (《中华人民共和国海关进口食品境外生产企业注册管理规定》) and supporting implementation announcements, consolidating the responsibilities of overseas competent authorities and enterprises for imported food, and further improving the responsibility system for the entire chain of imported food safety supervision with clear responsibilities, complete chains, and interlocking links. The relevant policies and measures will be officially implemented on June 1, 2026.
The "Registration Management Regulations" implement classified registration management based on risk. According to the food safety risk status of related products, whether major food safety incidents have occurred, and international practices, the "Registration Management Regulations" determine the list of imported foods that require official recommendation for registration, and the list of foods for which automatic renewal of registration will not be granted. Currently, the food categories that require official recommendation for registration include meat and meat products, aquatic products, etc., and 6 categories of primary edible agricultural products such as oilseeds, miscellaneous grains, fresh vegetables, and dried beans have been removed. Two categories of products, meat and meat products, and bird's nest and bird's nest products, are included in the list of foods for which automatic renewal of registration will not be granted. For other food production enterprises, automatic renewal is realized upon expiration of the validity period, optimizing the validity period management of enterprises.
The "Registration Management Regulations" optimize the registration application method for newly registered enterprises from the original "official recommendation registration" and "enterprise self-application registration" to all applications submitted by enterprises. For foods included in the list of imported foods that require official recommendation for registration, enterprises can directly submit applications to the Chinese side after obtaining inspection reports and recommendation letters issued by the competent authority. The progress of enterprise registration is directly notified to the enterprise through the system and notified to the overseas competent authority. A "list registration" fast track is added to ensure that the import registration of legal and compliant food enterprises is more efficient and convenient.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 19th (Reporter Wang Haonan (王昊男)): A reporter learned from the Beijing Municipal Government's press conference on deepening "Beijing Service" to empower high-quality enterprise development that this year, Beijing will launch 28 reform measures in 4 aspects, using a "partnership" service concept to continuously promote the improvement and upgrading of the business environment. In order to clear obstacles in handling affairs, Beijing will continue to deepen the reform of "efficiently completing one matter," launch the "Jing Tong (京通)" APP, upgrade the "Jing Ce (京策)" platform, and deepen the integrated service of "search, ask, handle, and evaluate." Build a unified city-wide policy navigation map to promote "direct and quick access" to preferential policies for enterprises.
In terms of strengthening full-factor guarantees, Beijing will provide precise services for enterprises in different stages of development by expanding financing for micro and small enterprises, increasing credit loan investments for light-asset enterprises, guiding more venture capital institutions to invest early and in small amounts, and improving listing and financing mechanisms. This year, 1 million square meters of entrepreneurial space and 10,000 sets of youth talent apartments will be provided, while districts will be encouraged to provide transitional housing for job-seeking graduates. In terms of legal guarantees, Beijing will strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition law enforcement, comprehensively implement "one comprehensive inspection" and "scan code inspection," and continue to expand the list of "undisturbed" enterprises.
In addition, Beijing will explore mutual recognition of administrative licensing results in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and deepen the integration of government services between Beijing and Xiong'an (雄安). Strengthen the function of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei National Technology Innovation Center, promote the efficient allocation of innovation elements across regions, and this year will connect no less than 300 technical needs and push no less than 400 achievements. Continue to promote mutual recognition of elderly care institution evaluations and mutual recognition of medical examination and inspection results, and optimize direct settlement of medical insurance in different places. "We selected more targeted tasks from the 28 reform measures, organized actions such as bureau and division chiefs 'walking the process,' law enforcement services 'taking a step forward,' and precise and rapid fulfillment of preferential policies for enterprises to solve problems of bottlenecks and obstacles," said Lin Jianhua (林剑华), Deputy Director of the Beijing Municipal Development and Reform Commission (北京市发展改革委).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 张 驰
In the early morning, the mist gradually dissipates in Xueli Village (雪梨村), Taiping Town (太平镇), Yingjiang County (盈江县), Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (德宏傣族景颇族自治州), Yunnan (云南). Among the mountains and forests, a winding path appears. Pai Zhonghua (排忠华), the Party branch secretary of the Shitai Villagers Group (石梯村民小组) in Xueli Village (雪梨村), prepares his equipment and embarks on the border patrol road.
Xueli Village (雪梨村) faces Myanmar (缅甸) across the river. Before 2025, this patrol road connecting the village and the border line was a "washboard road" that was muddy on rainy days and dusty on sunny days. The change in this road is a vivid portrayal of Dehong Prefecture (德宏州) using Party building to lead and promote strengthening the border, consolidating defense, and enriching the people along the border.
Speaking of the road construction story, Pai Zhonghua (排忠华) could not hide his excitement. Before the rainy season last year, he proposed road construction at a courtyard meeting, and the villagers responded enthusiastically: "I will contribute labor!" "My family has a tricycle!" Without large machinery, everyone carried simple tools on their shoulders and backs, and built the 11.4-kilometer block stone road smoothly, which not only facilitated border patrol and protection, but also improved the efficiency of transporting mountain goods.
Why is the small village on the border line so united? "The desire to safeguard the sacred territory unites everyone into one." Pai Zhonghua (排忠华) said that the village has established a "five-household joint guarantee, ten-household joint defense" neighborhood watch mechanism, and elected prestigious villagers to serve as household heads, conducting daily visits to investigate border conditions and listen to public opinions.
Dehong Prefecture (德宏州) has established Party branches at border checkpoints, villages and groups bordering the border, control grids, and border crossings, linking 24,000 border residents through 282 village and group Party branches bordering the border and 1,616 Party member central households.
"How are you feeling today?" In the early morning, Zhu Lingzhi (朱玲芝), a grid member of Menghuan Street (勐焕街道) in Mangshi (芒市), knocked on the door of Grandpa Jiang (姜大爷), a lonely elderly man in the Zhou Wuzi Community (州物资小区). This care stems from a door-to-door visit.
"I learned from the grid leader that Grandpa Jiang (姜大爷) needed rehabilitation training after a cerebral infarction, so I reported it to the community. The community coordinated volunteers to take turns visiting as 'training partners' and also helped with matters such as pension certification and medical insurance reimbursement," said Zhu Lingzhi (朱玲芝).
In the face of grassroots governance problems, Dehong Prefecture (德宏州) divides 32,000 grids according to a scale of about 10 households, and elects enthusiastic and trusted residents to serve as grid members, accurately grasp public sentiment, and resolve conflicts, realizing "minor matters not leaving the grid, and major matters being resolved through linkage."
Allowing the masses to have work to do and earn money at their doorsteps is a long-term plan to achieve prosperity and stability in the border areas. In recent years, Dehong Prefecture (德宏州) has promoted "employment workshops at the doorstep," which has been welcomed by the masses. "Now taking care of the children does not delay work, and I can earn nearly 2,000 yuan more a month!" Shi Mei (石妹), a villager in Huyu Township (户育乡), Ruili City (瑞丽市), said as she skillfully assembled data cables while calculating her income.
In the past, women like Shi Mei (石妹) who lived in border villages often could not go out to work because they had to take care of the elderly and young, and they faced great pressure on their livelihoods. In order to reduce the outflow of young labor and other problems, the Huyu Township (户育乡) Party Committee took the initiative to connect with enterprises and explore the "family workshop processing" model. With such an opportunity, the village cadres took the initiative to find Shi Mei (石妹): "You are young and learn things quickly. These raw materials can be taken home for processing without delaying taking care of your family." With a try-it-out mentality, Shi Mei (石妹) signed up for training and quickly became a skilled worker.
Relevant负责人 (fù zé rén - "person in charge," official) of the Organization Department of the Dehong Prefecture (德宏州) Party Committee said that Dehong Prefecture (德宏州) will adapt to local conditions, transform the Party's political and organizational advantages into a strong driving force for stabilizing the border, consolidating the border, and revitalizing the border, deeply promote the new era's action of enriching the people and strengthening the border, and effectively safeguard ethnic unity and border stability.
Return to TopOn March 19th, Heihe City (黑河市), Heilongjiang (黑龙江) held a large-scale special recruitment event for the 2026 "Spring Breeze Action and Employment Assistance Season" at the city's National Fitness Center. This event was hosted by the Heihe City Human Resources and Social Security Bureau (黑河市人力资源和社会保障局) and other departments to build a platform for connecting human resources supply and demand, help disadvantaged groups find employment, and promote employment and income growth for rural laborers.
During the event, 98 high-quality enterprises entered the venue to recruit, providing 1,175 job positions, covering key industries such as equipment manufacturing, foreign trade, ice and snow economy, modern agriculture, and cultural tourism services.
Photo by Qiu Qilong (邱齐龙) (People's Vision)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 吴 君
Si Zhaotian (司照天), the day shift captain of the Meituan Wuhan Road Station (美团武汉路站) in Huangshi (黄石) City, Hubei Province (湖北省), carries some emergency equipment in his vehicle. First aid kit, fire extinguisher, fire blanket, rescue rope... Open the car seat, and it's full.
Time goes back to 10:40 a.m. on August 30 last year, at the intersection of Hubin Avenue (湖滨大道) and Yaguang Road (亚光路) in Huangshi (黄石) City. Si Zhaotian (司照天) knelt on both knees and pressed the chest of the person who fell to the ground with his hands. Every 5 seconds, he bent down to perform artificial respiration. After repeating this for a few minutes, the person who fell to the ground gradually regained consciousness. Seeing the person who fell to the ground rescued, Si Zhaotian (司照天), who was soaked in sweat, breathed a sigh of relief.
When he was in the sixth grade of elementary school, the school organized a viewing of the movie "Leaving Lei Feng's Day". Si Zhaotian (司照天) was deeply moved, and the spirit of Lei Feng (雷锋) took root in his heart. In 2018, Si Zhaotian (司照天) became a Meituan (美团) delivery driver. Soon, he walked through all the streets and alleys within a 5-kilometer radius of his delivery service area. "This not only allows me to become familiar with the delivery routes, but I can also provide timely help to new colleagues if they have any questions," said Si Zhaotian (司照天).
Si Zhaotian's (司照天) apprentice, Chen Yulin (陈育林), has a hand disability. On his first day of reporting, Si Zhaotian (司照天) taught him hand-in-hand about routes, rules, and reward policies. Chen Yulin (陈育林) said, "Thanks to my master's help, I was able to quickly adapt to the job, and my monthly income is much more stable."
On February 10, Meituan (美团) sent thank-you gift packages to 310 riders across the country who had performed acts of courage and righteousness. Each gift package was worth about 5,000 yuan, including a brand-new electric vehicle, a cash bonus, and family health insurance. Si Zhaotian (司照天) went to the car dealership as soon as possible to select a vehicle and gave the new car to Chen Yulin (陈育林), "His car is relatively old and he needs a new one." After the platform learned about this, it decided to add an electric vehicle so that both Si Zhaotian (司照天) and Chen Yulin (陈育林) could use new cars.
Si Zhaotian (司照天) often helps out when the station organizes first aid training and volunteer services. "After participating many times, I have mastered a lot of emergency rescue knowledge and skills," Si Zhaotian (司照天) introduced. Under the leadership of Si Zhaotian (司照天), the Huangshi Meituan Wuhan Road Station (黄石美团武汉路站) officially established the "Xiaoxiang" (小巷) Volunteer Service Team in March 2023. "The service team currently has 32 registered volunteers, with a total of more than 2,600 hours of public welfare services, helping more than 400 people in need," Si Zhaotian (司照天) introduced. In addition to participating in emergency rescue, the service team also donates love funds on a daily basis, and helps disabled people and widowed elderly people repair water pipes and replace light bulbs. The team members have become the "family members" of community residents. "I also want to continue to pass on kindness."
Return to TopBy: 李 莉
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) delivered an important speech at the Fifth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, emphasizing: "Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, our party has successfully embarked on a path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics under the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, addressing both the symptoms and root causes, and integrating efforts to ensure officials *dare not*, *cannot*, and *do not want* to be corrupt. We must firmly continue down this path." This is not only a profound summary of the experience in the fight against corruption in the new era but also a theoretical sublimation of the understanding of the laws governing the fight against corruption. Deeply grasping the scientific connotation and practical requirements of the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics is of great theoretical and practical significance for winning the tough and protracted battle against corruption.
Adhering to and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the fundamental premise and political advantage of the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics.
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "We must always adhere to the Party's comprehensive leadership and the Party Central Committee's centralized and unified leadership, unswervingly comprehensively and strictly govern the Party, deeply promote the building of Party conduct and clean government and the fight against corruption, and forever maintain the Party's advanced nature and purity." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the fundamental reason why our party has been able to successfully embark on a path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics lies in adhering to and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee.
The centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee has gathered tremendous strength for winning an overwhelming victory in the fight against corruption and comprehensively consolidating it. The Communist Party of China is the leading core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the most reliable backbone for people of all ethnic groups. The leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. The fight against corruption is highly complex and arduous. Only by adhering to and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee can we transcend local and short-term considerations and carry out overall and systematic strategic deployment and power integration. The centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee provides a fundamental guarantee and solid support for enhancing the Party's political leadership, ideological guidance, mass organization, and social appeal, promoting the effective breakthrough of departmental barriers and solidified interest fences in the fight against corruption, and forming a strong synergy. Looking back at the course of the fight against corruption in the new era, a series of major reforms, such as comprehensively deepening the reform of the Party's discipline inspection system, the national supervision system reform, and the reform of discipline inspection and supervision institutions, strengthening political supervision, deepening political inspections, and promoting the improvement of the Party's self-revolution institutional and normative system, can move forward because of the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core and the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. It is precisely by adhering to and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee that our party has continuously promoted the systematic integration, coordination, and efficiency of discipline inspection and supervision work, transforming the institutional advantages of socialism with Chinese characteristics into a powerful momentum and effectiveness in combating corruption.
Systematic governance promotes the in-depth development of the fight against corruption. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "The concept of systems is a fundamental way of thinking and working." Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has adhered to the concept of systems, strengthened top-level design and overall planning, taken internal Party supervision as the leading factor, promoted the coordination and connection of various types of supervision, and improved the supervision system under the unified leadership of the Party, comprehensive coverage, and authoritative efficiency. Our party adheres to addressing both the symptoms and root causes, and integrates efforts to ensure officials *dare not*, *cannot*, and *do not want* to be corrupt. The fight against corruption is deeply integrated into the overall situation of economic and social development and the overall layout of Party building, realizing the coordinated coordination of anti-corruption and reform, development, and stability. This powerful strategic coordination and system integration capability is unmatched by any decentralized and fragmented supervision model, demonstrating our party's unique advantages and outstanding capabilities in governing a large party and a large country.
Integrating efforts to ensure officials *dare not*, *cannot*, and *do not want* to be corrupt is a scientific methodology for achieving both the symptoms and root causes in the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics.
Marxist epistemology follows the spiral upward law of "practice, knowledge, re-practice, and re-knowledge." General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Reform is generated by problems and deepened in the continuous solution of problems." The formation of the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics also reflects this law. "Addressing both the symptoms and root causes" is a distinct feature and important method of the fight against corruption in the new era. Among them, "treating the symptoms" and "treating the root causes" are coordinated and promoted, mutually supported, directed in the same direction, and complementary to each other, jointly constituting an important driving force for combating corruption. Adhering to "addressing both the symptoms and root causes" stems from a scientific grasp of the laws governing the fight against corruption. Corruption problems have complexity, concealment, and repeatability. It is difficult to eradicate them by relying solely on punishment, and it is easy to be too lenient and soft by relying solely on prevention. Only by adhering to addressing both the symptoms and root causes, both removing the "tumor" of corruption and eliminating the soil for corruption, can we integrate efforts to ensure officials *dare not*, *cannot*, and *do not want* to be corrupt.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has run "addressing both the symptoms and root causes" through the entire process of building Party conduct and clean government and combating corruption, both using thunderous means to "treat the symptoms" to form a strong deterrent and focusing on systematically "treating the root causes" by establishing and improving institutional mechanisms and cultivating a culture of integrity, purifying the political ecology, and eradicating the soil for corruption. From "punishing corruption" to "preventing corruption through systems" to "cultivating the mind with culture," a complete set of long-term mechanisms for governing the Party and administering the country with a high degree of self-purification function has been built, providing a strong guarantee for ensuring that the Party never changes its nature, color, or flavor. In the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics, "integrated advancement" is the key link and important hub for transforming "addressing both the symptoms and root causes" from a strategic concept into practical effectiveness. Integrating efforts to ensure officials *dare not*, *cannot*, and *do not want* to be corrupt is an interdependent and mutually reinforcing organic whole and systematic project. It is the winning code for achieving an overwhelming victory in the fight against corruption and comprehensively consolidating it, which can effectively promote the mutual coordination of policy orientation, mutual promotion in the implementation process, and mutual enhancement of work effectiveness in ensuring officials *dare not*, *cannot*, and *do not want* to be corrupt.
Hanging high the sword of punishment provides a powerful deterrent for creating an atmosphere where officials "dare not" be corrupt. The Fifth Plenary Session Communiqué of the 20th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Communist Party of China proposed: "Deepen the rectification of corruption in key areas such as finance, state-owned enterprises, energy, education, academic associations, development zones, and bidding and tendering, and seriously investigate and deal with problems such as collusion between government and business, power providing protection for capital, and capital infiltrating into the political field." In the face of the severe and complex anti-corruption situation, without thunderous means of punishment, it would be difficult to curb the spread of corruption and win the trust of the people. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping (习近平) at its core has adhered to no restricted areas, full coverage, and zero tolerance with the mission of "offending thousands of people and not failing 1.4 billion people," adhered to heavy containment, strong pressure, and long-term deterrence, and seriously investigated and dealt with a large number of serious violations of discipline and law, forming a strong deterrent effect. This sustained high-pressure situation provides a powerful momentum for winning the fight against corruption.
Tightening the cage of the system provides an important grasp for building a defense line where officials "cannot" be corrupt. While continuing to deter, the fight against corruption in the new era focuses on eradicating the soil for breeding corruption through system construction, so that corrupt behavior has nowhere to hide, thereby continuously consolidating the results of "dare not" be corrupt, and laying the foundation for enhancing the ideological realm of "do not want" to be corrupt. In leading and promoting the fight against corruption in the new era, our party focuses on putting power in the cage of the system, continuously deepening the reform of the national supervision system, and solving the problems of narrow supervision scope, scattered anti-corruption forces, and unsmooth connection between discipline and law that existed in some departments and fields in the past. At the same time, we strive to improve the enforcement of the system, promote scientific authorization, correct use of power, and effective restriction of power, strengthen "cannot" be corrupt by strengthening supervision and restriction, improve the institutional mechanism that unifies authorization, use of power, and restriction of power, is clear, transparent, and traceable, and make great efforts to solve the problems of supervising "top leaders" and peer supervision... Through these practical explorations, we have gradually built a systematic, complete, scientific, standardized, and effective institutional system, using the system to manage people, affairs, and power, so that corrupt behavior has nowhere to hide and corrupt elements have nowhere to hide.
Consolidating the ideological dam provides a fundamental strategy for strengthening the ideological consciousness of "do not want" to be corrupt. The lasting effectiveness of the system depends on people's inner recognition of the system. In the process of exploring and forming the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics, our party has always placed the consolidation of the ideological defense line of "do not want" to be corrupt in an important position and made it a process of integrating into daily life and transforming into customs. In this process, our party has educated and guided the vast number of party members and cadres, especially leading cadres, to keep their original aspirations and missions in mind and replenish the "calcium" of the spirit by continuously carrying out education on ideals and beliefs, Party spirit education, and Party discipline learning education. By continuously strengthening the construction of a culture of integrity, we create a social atmosphere that advocates integrity and resists corruption. We pay attention to the construction of family education and family style, and guide party-member leading cadres to cultivate themselves and discipline themselves, and to be honest and manage their families.
The Internal Logic and Comparative Advantages of the Path of Combating Corruption with Chinese Characteristics
Looking at international anti-corruption practices, different countries have formed diverse governance paths based on their respective political traditions and realistic conditions. The reason why the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics is feasible and truly effective lies not only in the fact that its strategies and methods keep pace with the times, but also in its internal logic and comparative advantages. The path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics is based on Chinese practice, scientifically integrating the Party's strong leadership, the fundamental position of being people-centered, and the needs of national development strategies, and realizing the deep unity of governance methods, value foundations, and system functions.
Comparative advantages of governance methods: transcending decentralized and passive governance. From an international perspective, how to effectively integrate the strategic authority, execution capability, and lasting motivation of anti-corruption is a common problem. For example, some countries have tried to rely on the separation of powers and checks and balances within the administrative system, which has led to anti-corruption falling into departmental barriers and the dilemma of "insider" protection; some rely too much on external drivers such as social public opinion and election pressure, which are often affected by the ruling cycle of political parties and interest groups, resulting in fragmented anti-corruption and short-term effects; and so on. In contrast, the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics demonstrates significant advantages in systematically solving corruption problems, which can be understood and grasped from the following aspects. First, it has the strategic coordination ability to transcend local interests. The path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics can transcend specific administrative levels or local interests, carry out top-level design and strategic consideration from the overall situation of the Party and the country, ensure that the direction of the anti-corruption struggle is clear, the pace is consistent, and resources are concentrated, so as to avoid the internal friction of governance with multiple policies and mutual constraints. Second, it forms the organizational mobilization ability to break through hierarchical barriers. Relying on the principle of democratic centralism and a strict organizational system, the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics can transform the Party Central Committee's decisions and deployments into practical actions of organizations at all levels with high quality and efficiency, and quickly form a strong synergy in combating corruption, thereby effectively overcoming the fragmentation and dispersion of anti-corruption forces. Third, it has a strong endogenous driving force. The path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics stems from the Party's internal requirements for self-purification, self-improvement, self-revolution, and self-enhancement, which determines that China's anti-corruption is an active, normal, and forward-looking strategic choice. It is precisely this endogenous driving force rooted in the Party's advanced nature and purity construction that constitutes our Party's strong political determination and lasting historical patience in the fight against corruption.
People's position: transcending the value foundation and identity advantages of instrumental rationality. In international anti-corruption practice, some countries focus on evaluating data targets. Although these technical efforts can bring about process improvements, they often gradually deviate from the purpose of enhancing public welfare in complex political games, making the public's participation, sense of gain, and identity insufficient. In sharp contrast, the path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics takes "people-centered" as the unshakable value foundation of the anti-corruption struggle and runs it through the entire process of policy formulation, implementation, and evaluation, which is recognized and supported by the broad masses of the people. This advantage is specifically manifested in the following characteristics: First, it benefits the broad masses of the people. China's anti-corruption has always adhered to "what the people oppose and hate, we will resolutely prevent and correct," focusing on rectifying unhealthy tendencies and corruption problems around the masses, and universally benefiting the broad masses of the people with anti-corruption "dividends." Second, it builds a multi-party orderly supervision synergy. The path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics incorporates mass supervision and public opinion supervision into the Party and state supervision system and conducts orderly integration through institutionalized channels. This not only effectively absorbs the powerful force of social supervision but also ensures the correct direction of anti-corruption, thereby gathering a strong synergy in combating corruption. Third, it adheres to taking people's satisfaction as the test standard. China takes "the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security" as the fundamental standard for measuring the effectiveness of anti-corruption. This test standard makes anti-corruption work face people's livelihood, respond to people's needs, and accept people's evaluation, consolidating the broadest and most solid mass base for the anti-corruption struggle.
Embedded governance: transcending the system synergy and strategic functions of a single boundary. The path of combating corruption with Chinese characteristics creatively embeds anti-corruption deeply into national governance, making anti-corruption transcend the functional boundaries of a single department and become an important strategic fulcrum for driving the improvement of the governance system, realizing the efficient synergy between anti-corruption and national development tasks. This "embedded governance" enables China's anti-corruption to effectively play the function of "promoting governance through punishment" and achieve the effect of investigating a case, warning a group, and governing a region. By investigating and dealing with corruption cases and deepening the promotion of reform through cases, we promote the mutual promotion of anti-corruption and comprehensive deepening of reform in key areas and key departments. This "embedded governance" adheres to the general requirements of the Party's unified leadership, comprehensive coverage, authority, and efficiency, realizes full coverage of supervision over all public officials exercising public power, profoundly reshapes the pattern of power supervision, significantly enhances the standardization and transparency of power operation, and provides a solid support for regulating the operation of power and building a country ruled by law. This "embedded governance" can effectively play the ecological purification function of cultural infiltration, through continuous rectification of work style and discipline and the construction of a culture of integrity, eliminate unhealthy trends and promote the formation of a governance environment where cadres are upright, the government is clean, politics are clear, and society is clear, laying a solid foundation for the sustained and healthy development of the economy and society, and providing a good environment for comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization.
(The author is the Deputy Dean of the Discipline Inspection and Supervision Institute of China University of Political Science and Law)
Return to TopBy: 潘成威
The view of achievements is the "navigation instrument" for starting a career. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized: "A correct view of achievements requires us to proceed from reality, act according to the laws, and create achievements that can withstand the test of practice and history, truly benefit the people, and be recognized by the masses through scientific decision-making and hard work." Proceeding from reality, acting according to the laws, scientific decision-making, and hard work are all closely related to two arenas: conference rooms and field sites. In terms of grasping the laws and making scientific decisions, conference rooms focus on pooling wisdom and researching decisions, while field sites focus on investigation and research, implementation, and testing effectiveness. Party members and cadres should establish and practice a correct view of achievements, be good at brainstorming and scientifically planning in conference rooms, and actively immerse themselves in field sites to understand the real situation, come up with practical solutions, and seek practical results, so that their work can truly take root among the masses and benefit the masses.
In work, some party members and cadres do not have a clear understanding or accurate grasp of the relationship between conference rooms and field sites. For example, some value conference rooms over field sites, are accustomed to discussing matters behind closed doors and exchanging documents, lack a true sense of the situation on the ground, make decisions that are divorced from reality, and may even give rise to image projects and vanity projects that waste money and manpower. Some value field sites over conference rooms, one-sidedly emphasizing "just do it," resulting in a failure to fully understand the spirit of the Party Central Committee and the work arrangements of higher authorities, leading to deviations in policy implementation, and even falling into busy but disordered and useless bureaucratism. In fact, conference rooms and field sites are not separated but closely related. The decisions and deployments made in conference rooms must be tested in the field, and the fresh experiences gained in the field are an important reference for decision-making in conference rooms. Connecting conference rooms and field sites conforms to the law of cognitive development of practice, knowledge, re-practice, and re-knowledge, and is an important method for improving work quality and creating outstanding achievements.
Going deep into the field and mastering the real situation is a basic skill for party members and cadres to establish and practice a correct view of achievements. Without connecting with the "earth," it is difficult to produce "real results." Sitting in a conference room listening to reports and reading materials cannot replace personal research and personal experience. To truly immerse oneself in the field, one must put down airs and devote oneself to the task, go to places where there are many difficulties, where the masses have concentrated opinions, and where work cannot be started, grasp first-hand materials, and listen to the original voices of the people. In fact, some problems that are unresolved in conference rooms have long been answered in the practice of the masses. Only by taking the people as teachers can we understand the "great wisdom" of solving problems and find the "golden key" to creating real achievements from the "local methods" of the grassroots.
The perceptual materials obtained in the field need to be "deeply processed" in the conference room to be transformed into scientific decisions that are based on the present and look to the future. From the "Fengqiao Experience" (枫桥经验) to the "Thousands of Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousands of Villages Renovation" Project (千万工程), these governance wisdoms originating from the grassroots have mostly gone through the process of exploration in the field, summary in the conference room, and then promotion on a larger scale. In this process, party members and cadres must be good at reviewing, refining, and systematically sorting out the situations brought back from the field in the conference room, transforming the "solutions" at the points into methods on the surface, and upgrading the grassroots initiatives into replicable and scalable governance methodologies. At the same time, the new ideas and new measures formed in the conference room should be further tested and optimized in the front line of the field to ensure that the decisions are in line with reality and effective.
The vitality of the conference room stems from its deep integration with field practice. In February 2018, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) took a car along the rugged mountain road to the hinterland of the Liangshan Mountains (大凉山) in Sichuan (四川) for inspection. By the fire pit in the villagers' home, he treated the scene as a conference room, sat around with representatives of the villagers and members of the village-based poverty alleviation work team, and held a small and unique symposium to prescribe prescriptions and seek ways for local poverty alleviation and prosperity. This fully shows that an effective conference room never sticks to form and pomp, but is based on the real scene and conducts pragmatic discussions around practical problems. The "field ridge meetings" (田埂会), "courtyard meetings" (院坝会), and "bench meetings" (板凳会) that have emerged in grassroots practice, although simple in form, are close to reality and face problems directly. The decisions planned in this way, which are full of practical "heat" and stained with the "soil" of the grassroots, are often more feasible and effective.
Currently, the entire party is carrying out a study and education campaign to establish and practice a correct view of achievements. Connecting conference rooms and field sites is an important starting point for promoting the transformation of learning and education results into practical work results. To make good use of this starting point, it is important to build a closed loop of work in which "problems come from the field, ideas are planned in the conference room, implementation goes to the field, and effects are evaluated by the masses," and constantly enhance the scientific nature, foresight, initiative, and creativity of the work, and effectively transform the "problem list" of the masses into a "happiness bill," consciously create achievements for the people, create achievements with hard work, and create more real achievements that can withstand the test of practice, the people, and history.
Return to TopBy: 季中扬
Civilized rural customs are the soul and link of the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside. General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "It is necessary to promote new trends and righteous atmosphere, promote changing customs and habits, cultivate civilized rural customs, good family traditions, and simple folk customs, and create a new atmosphere of rural civilization." The "15th Five-Year Plan"纲要 proposes: "Strengthen the construction of rural spiritual civilization in the new era, prosper and develop rural culture, and implement the construction project of civilized rural customs." The construction of civilized rural customs emphasizes taking the core socialist values as the guide, and guiding villagers to abandon outdated customs and establish modern civilized concepts through changing customs and habits and promoting new trends. In this process, high-quality cultural resources can help improve the quality of rural cultural life, nourish the spiritual world of villagers, and cultivate new trends of the times with their rich content, scientific concepts, and positive values. At present, the supply of cultural resources in some villages is still at a low level, and it is urgent to improve the quality. We must thoroughly study and implement the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important speech, implement the deployment of the "15th Five-Year Plan"纲要, and give full play to the empowering role of high-quality cultural resources in the construction of civilized rural customs.
Improve the coverage and accuracy of public cultural services. Enhancing the supply of public cultural services requires properly handling the dialectical relationship between comprehensive coverage and precise delivery. It is necessary to pay attention to opening up the "last mile" of cultural resources directly reaching the grassroots level, and to base on reality, deeply integrate regional characteristic culture, the connotation of the spirit of the times, and the needs of the masses' lives, and improve the adaptation of the supply of high-quality cultural resources to the spiritual and cultural life needs of villagers. To expand the coverage of public cultural services, we can rely on urban cultural squares, cinemas, museums, New Era Civilization Practice Centers, etc., to build a high-quality cultural resource sharing circle. For example, Shuyang County (沭阳县), Jiangsu Province (江苏省), uses cultural resources such as urban cultural centers, museums, and art galleries to implement the "Jasmine Blossom" literary and artistic direct train action, providing learning and experience opportunities for left-behind children in rural areas, and transforming high-quality aesthetic education resources into civilized rural customs construction resources. To improve the accuracy of public cultural services, we should improve the online and offline demand collection mechanism, accurately connect with the needs of farmers, and change from "what to send and what to watch" to "what to want and what to send." For example, Zhidan County (志丹县), Shaanxi Province (陕西省), innovatively launched the "Civilization Tent" volunteer service project, using the model of "people ordering and volunteers taking orders" to deliver civilization publicity, literary and artistic activities, etc., to bring high-quality cultural resources to the fields.
Dig local resources and inherit the rural cultural context. Rural culture carries virtues such as respecting the old and loving the young, helping neighbors, thrift and frugality, and honesty and trustworthiness, and is an important source for cultivating civilized rural customs. Excavating rural cultural resources and inheriting the rural cultural context is an effective way to promote the construction of civilized rural customs. To this end, it is necessary to systematically protect and revitalize rural cultural heritage, optimize and upgrade physical spaces such as village history museums and rural museums, so that cultural memories can be touched and felt. Promote "literary and artistic empowerment of rural areas," organize literary and artistic workers to go deep into rural areas, carry out various forms of literary and artistic volunteer services, and continuously participate in rural cultural construction. Innovatively carry out characteristic activities such as "Village Evening," folk festivals, and intangible cultural heritage performances to revitalize rural culture in ways that are popular with the masses. Improve the construction of facilities such as New Era Civilization Practice Centers, cultural squares, auditoriums, rural art galleries, and farmers' bookstores, strengthen cultural positions, enrich cultural carriers, and expand the practical scenarios for the construction of civilized rural customs.
Respect the main position of villagers and enhance the ability to "blood production." To promote the construction of civilized rural customs, it is not only necessary to "send culture," but also to "plant culture." Respect the main position of villagers in rural cultural construction, enhance the enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity of villagers in participating in cultural construction, so that high-quality cultural resources can originate from the cultural life veins of villagers' independent creation and self-renewal, in order to better activate the endogenous driving force of rural cultural development and internalize the construction of civilized rural customs into the conscious actions of villagers. To this end, it is necessary to cultivate a team of literary and artistic talents rooted in the grassroots, strengthen the support, guidance, and management of rural literary and artistic talents and folk literary and artistic performance teams, create more literary and artistic works that showcase local cultural characteristics and meet the needs of villagers, so that high-quality culture can take root and sprout at the grassroots level. Build a rural stage to stimulate villagers' enthusiasm for participating in the construction of civilized rural customs. Actively cultivate new forms of rural culture, promote the deep integration of rural culture with tourism, study tours, and cultural and creative industries, cultivate agricultural, cultural, and tourism integration development projects, build new cultural and tourism consumption scenarios, give full play to the economic and social value of rural culture, and achieve "both rich pockets and richer minds."
(The author is a professor at the School of Humanities, Southeast University (东南大学))
By: 鲍文涵
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out at the opening ceremony of the seminar for leading officials at the provincial and ministerial level to study and implement the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: "We must adhere to the close combination of benefiting people's livelihood and promoting consumption, investing in things and investing in people." Adhering to the close combination of investing in things and investing in people is a deepening of our Party's understanding of the laws of doing economic work well under the new situation. We must profoundly understand the strategic intention of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) to invest in people from the height of the overall situation of the cause of the Party and the country, fully activate the demographic dividend of human capital, promote the close combination of investing in things and investing in people, and better support the construction of a strong country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
From a development perspective, human capital is an important variable affecting long-term sustainable economic development. Looking back at the history of world economic development, a country's evolution from a low-income stage to a high-income stage will experience a gradient upgrade of the human capital structure. The entry of some Western capitalist countries into the ranks of high-income countries is closely related to the comprehensive popularization of high school education. Since the 16th century, Italy, the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the United States have all become global education centers before becoming global science and technology centers. Countries in Southeast Asia, Latin America, and other regions that have not crossed the "middle-income trap" have in common that they have failed to form a high-level labor-led human capital structure, and have fallen into the quagmire of "low human capital - low efficiency improvement - low consumption structure - low industrial structure." At present, China is in a critical period of laying a solid foundation and fully developing the basic realization of socialist modernization. Leading the development of new quality productive forces with scientific and technological innovation urgently requires strengthening talent support. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会) proposed to build a strong country in education and a strong country in talent by 2035. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党第二十届中央委员会第四次全体会议) proposed to coordinate the construction of a strong country in education, a strong country in science and technology, and a strong country in talent, highlighting the strategic leading position of a strong country in education and a strong country in talent and its supporting role in promoting and expanding Chinese-style modernization. It can be said that investing in people is the key to transforming China's population size advantage into a talent quality advantage.
Investing in things and investing in people are mutually supportive and two-way empowering organic whole. Only when the two are closely integrated can a strong synergy be formed to promote high-quality economic and social development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会), China has built the world's largest education system, providing solid and strong talent support and intellectual guarantee for the construction of a modern industrial system. In the past, China's economic development mainly relied on factor-driven and investment-driven, and the rate of return on investment in things has declined in recent years. To promote the transformation of China's economic growth dynamic mechanism and achieve innovation-driven and demand-driven, it is urgent to further increase investment in human resources, form a "human capital dividend," promote the coordinated cooperation and mutual benefit of investment in things and investment in people, and continuously cultivate new driving forces for economic growth.
Investing in people is not only an important measure to guarantee and improve people's livelihood, but also an important way to smooth economic fluctuations and strengthen macro-control. From the perspective of development goals, economic development is ultimately to achieve people's happiness and well-being, and investing in people is an important measure to improve people's well-being and promote people's all-round development. From the perspective of the development process, in the economic expansion stage, investing in people can increase the supply of high-quality labor; in the economic contraction stage, through current adjustment, staggered reserve, and intertemporal release, investing in people can play a counter-cyclical and cross-cyclical adjustment role. At the end of the last century, in the face of the impact of the Asian financial crisis, China launched a large-scale expansion of college enrollment, which not only alleviated employment pressure, but also reserved tens of millions of high-quality talents for China's economic take-off in the 21st century. At present, the century-old changes are accelerating, and the world is intertwined with changes and chaos, and turbulence is intensifying. The international circulation of China's market and resources "both ends outside" has been significantly weakened, and the structural contraction of external demand space has become a long-term trend. In this context, increasing investment in people's livelihood fields such as education, medical care, "the elderly and the young," and social security can not only bring more security to the broad masses of the people in the uncertainty of the external environment, but also stimulate the vitality of the demand side by accelerating the shaping of modern human resources, increase improved consumption demand, nurture new effective investment, effectively offset the demand gap caused by the shrinking of external demand and the slowdown of investment, and promote the benign interaction between consumption and investment, supply and demand.
The return on investment in people runs through the entire life cycle of workers, with the characteristics of current input, long-term appreciation, and multi-party benefit. Unlike material capital, once human capital is formed, it is integrated with people, and it does not wear out with use, but continues to appreciate in repeated practice. Investing in people also has a distinct externality. By increasing investment in education, health, social security, and other fields, it not only enhances people's ability to develop in an all-round way, but also spills over into the improvement of enterprise efficiency, the upgrading of industrial structure, and the progress of social civilization, and transforms into a lasting driving force for economic growth. Therefore, investing in people is a work that lays the foundation, benefits the long term, and increases the stamina. Its value formation has significant long-cycle characteristics, and it often takes more than ten or even decades to see results. China has the institutional advantage of concentrating its efforts on major issues. Scientifically formulating and successively implementing five-year plans is an important experience in our Party's governance, which highly coincides with the value orientation and inherent laws of investing in people. We must correctly handle the relationship between short-term macroeconomic balance and long-term sustainable growth, maintain historical patience and strategic determination, take investing in people as a more distinct reform orientation, deeply embed investing in people in the economic and social policy system, promote the establishment and improvement of a long-term mechanism for investing in people, comprehensively improve the level of human capital investment, and drive high-quality economic and social development.
Return to TopDecree of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
No. 828
The "Implementing Regulations of the Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China" was revised and adopted at the 76th Executive Meeting of the State Council on December 31, 2025, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force on May 15, 2026.
Premier Li Qiang (李强)
January 16, 2026
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the "Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China" (hereinafter referred to as the Drug Administration Law).
Article 2 Activities involving drug research and development, production, operation, use, and supervision and administration shall adhere to a people-centered approach to health, follow scientific laws and ethical principles, and comprehensively prevent and control risks.
Article 3 The state improves the drug innovation system, supports drug research and innovation oriented by clinical value, encourages research and creation of new drugs, and supports the clinical promotion and use of new drugs; promotes the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine, and gives full play to the role of traditional Chinese medicine in prevention, medical treatment, and health care; promotes the research and innovation of generic drugs, and improves the quality and efficacy of generic drugs.
Article 4 The departments responsible for drug supervision and administration of the people's governments at or above the county level (hereinafter referred to as drug supervision and administration departments) shall be responsible for drug supervision and administration. Other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for supervision and administration related to drugs within their respective responsibilities.
Article 5 The competent departments of industry and information technology of the State Council, the competent departments of commerce of the State Council, etc., shall, according to their respective responsibilities, formulate relevant national drug production, circulation, and other industry development plans and industrial policies in accordance with the national economic and social development plans and the development of the pharmaceutical industry, promote the adjustment of the pharmaceutical industry structure and technological innovation, enhance the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain, and promote the high-quality development of the pharmaceutical industry. The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall cooperate with the competent departments of industry and information technology of the State Council, the competent departments of commerce of the State Council, etc., to implement relevant national drug industry development plans and industrial policies.
Chapter II Drug Research and Development and Registration
Article 6 Activities involving drug research and development shall comply with the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) for non-clinical studies and Good Clinical Practice (GCP) for drug clinical trials, and ensure that records and data are true, accurate, complete, and traceable.
Article 7 Those who carry out drug non-clinical safety evaluation research activities for the purpose of applying for drug registration shall be implemented by drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institutions that have been qualified. To apply for qualification of a drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institution, an application shall be submitted to the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, and materials proving that it meets the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) for non-clinical studies shall be submitted. The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall organize and carry out the review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application. For those who meet the prescribed conditions, a license shall be granted and a qualification certificate shall be issued; for those who do not meet the prescribed conditions, a license shall not be granted and the reasons shall be explained in writing.
The validity period of the qualification certificate of the drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institution is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue to carry out drug non-clinical safety evaluation research after the expiration of the validity period, an application shall be made for re-issuance of the qualification certificate.
Article 8 The drug clinical trial sponsor shall select drug clinical trial institutions and researchers with corresponding capabilities, and fulfill the responsibilities of subject protection, clinical trial drug management, clinical trial data management, and risk management.
The preparation of drugs for clinical trials shall comply with the relevant requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for drugs.
Drug clinical trial sponsors and drug clinical trial institutions shall not charge subjects any fees related to clinical trials.
Article 9 If the sponsor of a drug clinical trial approved to be carried out in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 19 of the Drug Administration Law is changed, an application shall be submitted to the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council. The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 10 If drug research and development activities are carried out abroad for the purpose of applying for drug registration, the relevant provisions of the Drug Administration Law, these Regulations, and other laws, regulations, rules, standards, and norms shall be complied with; the research data obtained abroad may be used to apply for drug registration if it complies with the relevant provisions of the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.
Article 11 The import of reference drugs and samples required for research or inspection for the purpose of applying for drug registration shall be approved by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council; however, drugs for clinical trials specified in the drug clinical trial approval document may be imported with the approval document. The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 12 When developing chemical generic drugs, a reference drug shall be scientifically selected for comparative research in accordance with the technical requirements formulated by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council; if there is a reference preparation determined by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, the reference preparation shall be selected as the reference drug for comparative research.
Article 13 The research and development of traditional Chinese medicine shall be guided by the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and the safety and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine shall be comprehensively evaluated based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the experience of traditional Chinese medicine in human use, and clinical trial data. The evaluation of the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine shall be adapted to its clinical positioning and reflect the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.
Article 14 The research and development and production of traditional Chinese medicine shall ensure the stability of the source and quality of medicinal materials and the sustainable use of resources, and avoid adverse effects on the ecological environment; if wild animals and plants are involved, the relevant national regulations shall be complied with.
Article 15 For drugs applying for registration, the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall conduct review and approval in accordance with the provisions of Article 25 of the Drug Administration Law.
In order to support drug research and innovation oriented by clinical value, the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council may adopt breakthrough therapy drug procedures, conditional approval procedures, priority review and approval procedures, special approval procedures, etc. for drug registration applications that meet the conditions to accelerate the marketing of drugs.
The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall establish and improve a review and approval, inspection and testing, and standard management system that meets the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.
Article 16 When approving drugs, the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall review and approve chemical active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) at the same time; if the conditions are met, a drug registration certificate shall be issued for the drug, and a chemical API approval certificate shall be issued for the chemical API. For chemical APIs used in generic drugs that have been registered, an application for review and approval may also be directly submitted to the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council; if the conditions are met, a chemical API approval certificate shall be issued. When reviewing and approving chemical APIs, the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall approve the quality standards, production process, and labels of the chemical APIs at the same time.
To transfer a drug registration certificate or a chemical API approval certificate, an application shall be submitted to the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council. The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 17 The validity period of drug registration certificates and chemical API approval certificates is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue to market the drug after the expiration of the validity period, an application for re-registration shall be made.
The marketing authorization holder (MAH) of the drug and the chemical API manufacturer shall apply for re-registration to the drug supervision and administration department of the people's government of the province where they are located; if the MAH of the drug and the chemical API manufacturer are overseas enterprises, they shall apply for re-registration to the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.
Article 18 If the registration of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs meets the circumstances prescribed by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, the drug registration applicant may directly submit an application for OTC drug registration.
For prescription drugs that have been registered, if the MAH believes that it is appropriate to manage them as OTC drugs, it may apply to the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council to convert them into OTC drugs. For OTC drugs that have been registered, if the MAH believes that it is not appropriate to manage them as OTC drugs based on adverse reaction monitoring and post-marketing evaluation results, it shall apply to the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council to convert them into prescription drugs. The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall organize and carry out the evaluation, and if it meets the requirements, it shall decide to convert the prescription drug into an OTC drug or convert the OTC drug into a prescription drug, and announce it to the public.
The drug supervision and administration department of the State Council may, after organizing and carrying out the evaluation, decide to convert an OTC drug into a prescription drug based on the need to ensure the safety of public medication.
Article 19 The state promotes the improvement of drug standards and continuously improves the quality level of drugs.
The drug quality standard approved by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall be the drug registration standard. The drug registration standard shall comply with the general technical requirements of the "Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China" and shall not be lower than the corresponding national drug standard. The MAH shall evaluate the drug registration standard according to the formulation and revision of the national drug standard, and if it needs to be revised, it shall revise it in a timely manner and submit an application for change or file a record or report in accordance with the regulations of the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.
Article 20 When developing drugs and applying for drug registration, national drug reference standards and reference materials shall be used. If there are no national drug reference standards or reference materials, the drug registration applicant shall submit the raw materials and related technical data used by the drug quality standard research institute to the drug inspection agency set up or designated by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, and the drug inspection agency shall develop and calibrate the national drug reference standards and reference materials in accordance with the law.
The drug inspection agency set up or designated by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council shall strengthen the research and development capabilities of national drug reference standards and reference materials, and ensure the supply of national drug reference standards and reference materials.
Article 21 The state supports the research and innovation of drugs for children and drugs for the treatment of rare diseases.
For new varieties of drugs for children, drugs for children using new dosage forms or new specifications, and drugs with increased indications for children, a market exclusivity period of no more than 2 years may be granted if the conditions are met.
For drugs for the treatment of rare diseases that meet the conditions, if the MAH promises to ensure the supply of drugs, a market exclusivity period of no more than 7 years shall be granted. If the MAH fails to fulfill the commitment to ensure the supply of drugs, the market exclusivity period shall be terminated.
The specific conditions and measures for granting market exclusivity shall be formulated by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.
Article 22 The state implements protection for the independently obtained and undisclosed test data and other data submitted by the MAH of drugs containing new chemical ingredients and other drugs that meet the conditions, and no one shall improperly use the undisclosed test data and other data for commercial purposes.
The protection period of the data specified in the preceding paragraph shall not exceed 6 years from the date of drug registration. Within the protection period, other applicants shall not be permitted to apply for drug registration using the data specified in the preceding paragraph without the consent of the MAH; however, other applicants who submit independently obtained data shall be excluded.
Except for the following circumstances, the drug supervision and administration department shall not disclose the data specified in paragraph 1 of this article:
(1) The need for public interest;
(2) Measures have been taken to ensure that such data will not be improperly used for commercial purposes.
The specific protection measures for the data specified in paragraph 1 of this article shall be formulated by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.
Chapter III Drug Marketing Authorization Holders
Article 23 The MAH shall establish and improve a drug quality assurance system, establish an independent quality management department, and equip it with a production manager, a quality manager, and a qualified person. The qualified person shall independently perform the duties of drug release.
Article 24 The MAH shall comply with the Good Pharmacovigilance Practices (GPVP), establish and improve a pharmacovigilance system, monitor adverse drug reactions and other harmful reactions related to medication, and establish a risk identification, assessment, and control mechanism. Drug distribution enterprises and medical institutions shall cooperate with the MAH to carry out pharmacovigilance work.
The Good Pharmacovigilance Practices (GPVP) shall be formulated by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.
Article 25 If the MAH is an overseas enterprise, the Chinese legal entity designated by it in accordance with the provisions of Article 38 of the Drug Administration Law shall have corresponding quality management capabilities and risk control capabilities, establish corresponding management departments, and equip corresponding personnel; the relevant information of the designated Chinese legal entity shall be stated in the drug instructions.
Article 26 The MAH shall provide barrier-free format versions of drug labels and instructions, such as voice, large print, Braille, or electronic versions, in accordance with the regulations of the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, to facilitate medication for people with disabilities and the elderly.
The content of the electronic version of the drug instructions shall be consistent with the content of the drug instructions approved by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, and shall have the same effect as the paper version of the drug instructions; the voice and Braille versions of drug labels and instructions are for reference only.
Article 27 The MAH shall comprehensively evaluate and verify the impact of changes in the drug production process on the safety, effectiveness, and quality controllability of the drug, and submit an application for change or file a record or report in accordance with the regulations of the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council.
The drug supervision and administration department shall strengthen the supervision and management of changes in the drug production process. If it finds that the evaluation and verification of the changes filed or reported by the MAH are insufficient to prove that the change is scientific, reasonable, and the risk is controllable, or if it finds that the MAH has selected an inappropriate change management category, it shall order it to make corrections, take corresponding risk control measures, and deal with it in accordance with the law.
Article 28 The MAH shall continuously investigate the quality, efficacy, and adverse reactions of registered drugs.
The MAH shall regularly conduct post-marketing evaluations of registered drugs, conduct a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the risks and benefits of the drugs, and take measures such as revising instructions, improving quality standards, improving production processes, suspending production and sales, implementing drug recalls, and applying for cancellation of drug registration certificates based on the results of the post-marketing evaluation. When necessary, the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council may order the MAH to carry out post-marketing evaluations or directly organize and carry out post-marketing evaluations.
If the MAH fails to continuously investigate the quality, efficacy, and adverse reactions of registered drugs as required, or fails to carry out post-marketing evaluations as required by the drug supervision and administration department of the State Council, re-registration shall not be granted after the expiration of the validity period of the drug registration certificate.
Article 29 Traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces production enterprises and traditional Chinese medicine formula granules production enterprises shall fulfill the relevant obligations of the MAH, implement full-process management of the production and sales of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and traditional Chinese medicine formula granules, establish a traceability system for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and traditional Chinese medicine formula granules, and ensure that traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and traditional Chinese medicine formula granules are safe, effective, and traceable.
Chapter IV Drug Production
Article 30 To engage in drug production activities, an application shall be submitted to the drug supervision and administration department of the people's government of the province where it is located, and materials proving that it meets the conditions stipulated in Article 42 of the Drug Administration Law shall be submitted; to engage in vaccine production activities, materials proving that it meets the conditions stipulated in paragraph 3 of Article 22 of the "Vaccine Administration Law of the People's Republic of China" (hereinafter referred to as the Vaccine Administration Law) shall also be submitted. The drug supervision and administration department of the provincial people's government shall organize and carry out the review and make a decision within 30 working days from the date of accepting the application. For those who meet the prescribed conditions, a license shall be granted and a drug production license shall be issued; for those who do not meet the prescribed conditions, a license shall not be granted and the reasons shall be explained in writing.
If a drug production enterprise changes the licensed items of the drug production license, it shall submit an application to the original issuing department. The original issuing department shall review and make a decision within 15 working days from the date of accepting the application.
The validity period of the drug production license is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue to produce drugs after the expiration of the validity period, an application shall be made for re-issuance of the drug production license.
Article 31 If a marketing authorization holder (MAH) produces drugs by itself, it shall obtain a drug production license.
If a marketing authorization holder (MAH) entrusts the production of drugs, it shall entrust a drug production enterprise that meets the requirements. The marketing authorization holder (MAH) shall fulfill the responsibilities of supplier review, change management during the drug production process, and drug release for marketing, supervise the entrusted production enterprise, and ensure that the entire drug production process continuously meets statutory requirements. The entrusted production enterprise shall organize production in accordance with the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for drugs and shall not re-entrust production.
Blood products, anesthetic drugs, psychotropic drugs, medical toxic drugs, precursor chemicals for drug production, and drugs containing anesthetic drugs, psychotropic drugs, or precursor chemicals for drug production shall not be entrusted for production; however, this does not apply if the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) (国务院药品监督管理部门) stipulates otherwise.
Article 32 If a marketing authorization holder (MAH) truly needs to, it may entrust a qualified drug production enterprise to produce the following drugs in segments:
(1) Innovative drugs with special requirements for production technology, facilities, and equipment;
(2) Drugs urgently needed for clinical use, drugs urgently needed for responding to sudden public health incidents, or drugs needed for stockpiling, as proposed by relevant departments of the State Council;
(3) Other drugs stipulated by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) (国务院药品监督管理部门).
If a marketing authorization holder (MAH) entrusts the segmented production of drugs, it shall establish a unified quality assurance system covering the entire drug production process and all production sites to ensure that the entire drug production process continuously meets statutory requirements.
Article 33 Under any of the following circumstances, if the production capacity of a vaccine marketing authorization holder (MAH) is exceeded, with the approval of the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) (国务院药品监督管理部门), the vaccine marketing authorization holder (MAH) may entrust a qualified vaccine production enterprise to produce or segmentally produce vaccines:
(1) Producing multivalent and multivalent combined vaccines;
(2) Disease prevention and control urgently needed or stockpiling needs proposed by relevant departments of the State Council;
(3) Other circumstances stipulated by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) (国务院药品监督管理部门).
Article 34 The production of vaccines, blood products, and other biological products shall, in accordance with regulations, use information technology to truthfully record all data formed during the production and inspection processes.
Article 35 If drugs marketed in China are produced overseas, their production activities shall comply with the relevant requirements of the Drug Administration Law (药品管理法), these Regulations, and other laws, regulations, rules, standards, and norms. If drugs produced overseas are packaged in China, after the marketing authorization holder (MAH) files with the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) (国务院药品监督管理部门), the drug production enterprise implementing the packaging may sell its packaged drugs to drug distribution enterprises and medical institutions.
Article 36 The following drugs produced before obtaining drug approval documents, which meet the drug release requirements for marketing, may be marketed and sold after obtaining drug approval documents:
(1) Commercial-scale batch products that have passed the compliance inspection of the corresponding Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for drugs;
(2) Commercial-scale batch products produced after passing the compliance inspection of the corresponding Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for drugs, which are new drugs, drugs for the treatment of rare diseases, shortage drugs, and other clinically urgently needed drugs.
The marketing authorization holder (MAH) shall strengthen risk management of drugs marketed and sold in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 37 The state encourages the development of standardized cultivation and breeding of Chinese medicinal materials and encourages the use of authentic Chinese medicinal materials. Provincial people's governments shall formulate relevant plans based on local conditions, encourage the implementation of Good Agricultural and Collection Practices (GACP) for Chinese medicinal materials, and promote standardized cultivation and breeding of Chinese medicinal materials.
According to the characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials, they can be processed at the place of origin. The drug regulatory departments of provincial people's governments shall, in accordance with the Good Agricultural and Collection Practices (GACP) for Chinese medicinal materials, and in combination with the local distribution of Chinese medicinal material resources, traditional planting and breeding history, and the characteristics of authentic Chinese medicinal materials, formulate guidelines for the processing of Chinese medicinal materials at the place of origin.
Article 38 The Chinese medicinal materials used in the production of drugs shall comply with national drug standards and drug registration standards. If there are no national drug standards or drug registration standards, they shall comply with the regional folk medicinal material standards formulated by the drug regulatory departments of provincial people's governments.
The first import of Chinese medicinal materials shall be approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) (国务院药品监督管理部门). The National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) (国务院药品监督管理部门) shall conduct a review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 39 Chinese herbal medicine processing enterprises shall process Chinese herbal medicine pieces by themselves and shall not entrust the processing of Chinese herbal medicine pieces.
Chinese herbal medicine pieces shall be processed in accordance with national drug standards; if national drug standards do not exist, they shall be processed in accordance with the processing specifications formulated by the drug regulatory departments of provincial people's governments.
Chinese herbal medicine pieces processed in accordance with the processing specifications formulated by the drug regulatory departments of provincial people's governments may be sold and used across provincial administrative regions. Among them, if the processing methods and medication characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine pieces have regional differences and are prone to causing confusion in clinical medication when sold across provincial administrative regions, the Chinese herbal medicine piece production enterprise shall indicate clinical medication tips on the Chinese herbal medicine piece label and file with the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government in the place of purchase and use; medical institutions shall strengthen procurement management and rational drug use monitoring to prevent confusion in clinical medication. Specific measures shall be formulated by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) (国务院药品监督管理部门).
The label of Chinese herbal medicine pieces shall indicate the product attributes, product name, specifications, origin of Chinese medicinal materials, production enterprise, product batch number, production date, packaging quantity, shelf life, implementation standards, storage conditions, etc.; for Chinese herbal medicine pieces subject to approval management, the drug approval number shall also be indicated.
Article 40 Chinese herbal formula granule production enterprises shall file the Chinese herbal formula granule varieties they produce with the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government where they are located.
Chinese herbal formula granule production enterprises shall process the Chinese herbal medicine pieces used for the production of Chinese herbal formula granules themselves and produce Chinese herbal formula granules themselves, and shall not use purchased Chinese herbal medicine pieces to produce Chinese herbal formula granules, nor shall they entrust the production of Chinese herbal formula granules.
Chinese herbal formula granules shall be produced in accordance with national drug standards; if national drug standards do not exist, they shall be produced in accordance with the Chinese herbal formula granule standards formulated by the drug regulatory departments of provincial people's governments.
Chinese herbal formula granules produced in accordance with the Chinese herbal formula granule standards formulated by the drug regulatory departments of provincial people's governments may be sold and used across provincial administrative regions; if Chinese herbal formula granules are sold across provincial administrative regions, the Chinese herbal formula granule production enterprise shall file with the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government in the place of purchase and use.
The label of Chinese herbal formula granules shall indicate the product name, specifications, production enterprise, product batch number, production date, shelf life, implementation standards, storage conditions, filing number, etc.
Drug distribution enterprises shall not distribute Chinese herbal formula granules.
Article 41 Engaging in the production of excipients, packaging materials and containers that directly contact drugs shall comply with the relevant provisions of the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) for drugs, establish and improve a production quality management system, and ensure that the entire production process continuously meets statutory requirements.
It is prohibited to use excipients, packaging materials and containers that directly contact drugs that have been eliminated by the state to produce drugs.
Chapter V Drug Distribution
Article 42 To engage in drug distribution activities, an application shall be submitted to the drug regulatory department of the local people's government at or above the county level where the applicant is located, and materials proving that it meets the conditions stipulated in Article 52 of the Drug Administration Law (药品管理法) shall be submitted. The drug regulatory department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall organize and conduct a review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application. If the conditions are met, a drug distribution license shall be granted; if the conditions are not met, the application shall be rejected and the reasons shall be explained in writing.
If a drug distribution enterprise changes the licensed items of the drug distribution license, it shall submit an application to the original issuing department. The original issuing department shall conduct a review and make a decision within 15 working days from the date of accepting the application.
The validity period of a drug distribution license is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue distributing drugs after the expiration of the validity period, an application shall be made for the re-issuance of the drug distribution license.
Article 43 Drug distribution enterprises shall be equipped with pharmacists or other pharmaceutical technical personnel who have been qualified according to law and are adapted to their business scope and scale; however, drug retail enterprises that only distribute Class B over-the-counter drugs may be equipped with pharmaceutical technical personnel in accordance with the regulations of the drug regulatory department of the State Council.
Drug retail enterprises shall sell prescription drugs based on prescriptions.
Article 44 Drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs), drug production enterprises, and drug distribution enterprises shall take effective measures according to the packaging, quality characteristics, temperature control requirements, etc. of the drugs to ensure the quality of drugs during storage and transportation. If drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs), drug production enterprises, and drug distribution enterprises entrust the storage and transportation of drugs, they shall select entrusted parties with corresponding capabilities and supervise the entrusted parties. The entrusted parties shall strengthen the management of the drug storage and transportation process and take effective measures to ensure drug quality.
Drugs distributed to patients by drug retail enterprises shall have independent packaging and prominent identification.
Article 45 Third-party platform providers for online drug transactions shall establish and improve a quality management system for online drug sales, establish corresponding management departments, equip pharmaceutical technical personnel and other related professional personnel, and formulate and implement systems for drug quality management, distribution management, etc. Third-party platform providers for online drug transactions shall review the qualifications of drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs) and drug distribution enterprises applying to enter the platform for operation, inspect the drug information displayed on the platform, and manage the drug distribution activities that occur on the platform. Third-party platform providers for online drug transactions shall preserve audit, inspection records, and drug information displayed on the platform in accordance with regulations.
If third-party platform providers for online drug transactions, drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs), and drug distribution enterprises provide information display, link jumps, and other services for other third-party platform providers for online drug transactions, drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs), and drug distribution enterprises to sell drugs online, they shall comply with the regulations of the drug regulatory department of the State Council.
Article 46 Vaccines, blood products, anesthetic drugs, psychotropic drugs, medical toxic drugs, radioactive drugs, precursor chemicals for drug production, and other drugs subject to special management by the state shall not be sold online; other drugs with higher risks of medication shall not be retailed online. The specific catalog shall be formulated by the drug regulatory department of the State Council.
Article 47 For applications for the import of small quantities of drugs urgently needed for clinical use submitted by medical institutions, the drug regulatory department of the State Council shall solicit the opinions of the health and health administrative department of the State Council, conduct a timely review, and make a decision. If the State Council authorizes the provincial people's governments to implement approval, the authorized provincial people's governments shall formulate specific approval measures in combination with local conditions.
Article 48 Individuals carrying or mailing small quantities of drugs into the country shall be limited to a reasonable quantity for personal use and shall comply with the state's regulations on the management of personal items entering the country.
Chapter VI Pharmaceutical Affairs Management of Medical Institutions
Article 49 Medical institutions shall formulate and implement management systems for drug purchase inspection and acceptance, storage, use, etc., and establish corresponding management departments or designate personnel to be responsible for drug quality management.
Article 50 Medical institutions shall strengthen the management of prescription writing, review, and dispensing to improve the level of rational drug use by physicians.
Article 51 Physicians shall not write prescriptions for the drugs stipulated in Article 46 of these Regulations in online diagnosis and treatment activities.
Article 52 Medical institutions shall provide patients with prescriptions that comply with the regulations of the health and health administrative department of the State Council, and patients may choose to purchase drugs from drug retail enterprises based on the prescriptions.
It is encouraged to realize the flow of prescriptions between medical institutions and drug retail enterprises through information technology.
Article 53 For drugs that are undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of diseases that seriously endanger life and for which there are no effective treatments, if medical observation may be beneficial and complies with ethical principles, after review and approval by the ethics committee and the patient or their guardian signs an informed consent form, it may be used within the institution conducting the clinical trial for other patients with the same condition but unable to participate in the clinical trial.
Article 54 Medical institutions preparing preparations shall submit an application to the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government where they are located, and submit materials proving that they meet the conditions stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 75 of the Drug Administration Law (药品管理法). The drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government shall organize and conduct a review and make a decision within 30 working days from the date of accepting the application. If the conditions are met, a medical institution preparation license shall be granted; if the conditions are not met, the application shall be rejected and the reasons shall be explained in writing.
If a medical institution changes the licensed items of the medical institution preparation license, it shall submit an application to the original issuing department. The original issuing department shall conduct a review and make a decision within 15 working days from the date of accepting the application.
The validity period of a medical institution preparation license is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue preparing preparations after the expiration of the validity period, an application shall be made for the re-issuance of the medical institution preparation license.
Article 55 Medical institutions shall submit data, materials, and samples of the preparations they intend to prepare to the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government where they are located, and may prepare them only after obtaining a medical institution preparation registration certificate after review and approval; however, for Chinese medicine preparations prepared only using traditional techniques, the medical institution may prepare them after filing with the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government where it is located.
When approving applications for medical institution preparation registration, the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government shall approve the quality standards, preparation techniques, labels, and instructions for use of the preparations.
The validity period of a medical institution preparation registration certificate is 3 years. If it is necessary to continue preparing after the expiration of the validity period, an application for re-registration shall be made.
Article 56 If there are clinically needed drugs for children that are not available on the market or do not have dosage forms or specifications for children, the health and health administrative department of the State Council shall, in conjunction with the drug regulatory department of the State Council, include them in the list of commonly used medical institution preparations for children, support medical institutions to prepare and use them, and meet the clinical medication needs of child patients.
Article 57 The following drugs shall not be used as medical institution preparations:
(1) Chemical drugs containing active ingredients that have not yet been used in registered drugs;
(2) Chemical drugs with active ingredients of registered drugs used for new indications;
(3) Compound preparations composed of Chinese medicine and chemical drugs;
(4) Chinese medicine injections;
(5) Medical toxic drugs;
(6) Biological products other than allergens;
(7) Other drugs stipulated by the drug regulatory department of the State Council.
Article 58 Medical institutions preparing preparations shall comply with the Good Compounding Practice (GCP) for medical institution preparations, establish and improve a quality management system for preparation preparation, and ensure that the entire preparation preparation process continuously meets statutory requirements. The Good Compounding Practice (GCP) for medical institution preparations shall be formulated by the drug regulatory department of the State Council.
The legal representative and principal person in charge of a medical institution shall be fully responsible for the preparation preparation activities of the medical institution.
Article 59 Medical institution preparations may only be used in the medical institution based on a physician's prescription, and shall not be sold or sold in disguised form on the market, and shall not publish advertisements for medical institution preparations.
Article 59 Medical institution preparations can only be used in the medical institution based on a doctor's prescription, and shall not be sold or sold in disguised form on the market, nor shall medical institution preparation advertisements be published.
In the event of disasters, epidemics, other emergencies, or clinical needs for which there is no supply on the market, medical institution preparations may be transferred and used between designated medical institutions within a specified period with the approval of the drug supervision and management department of the provincial people's government; however, the transfer and use of special medical institution preparations prescribed by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院) and the transfer and use of medical institution preparations across provincial administrative regions shall be subject to the approval of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council. The drug supervision and management departments of the people's governments at or above the provincial level shall conduct a review and make a decision within 5 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 60 If a medical institution discovers a suspected adverse drug reaction, it shall promptly report it to the drug supervision and management department and the health authority in accordance with regulations.
If a medical institution discovers a suspected clustering event of adverse drug reactions, it shall promptly provide treatment to the patients, take measures to control risks, and report it to the drug supervision and management department and the health authority in accordance with regulations. After receiving the report, the drug supervision and management department and the health authority shall promptly investigate and handle it.
Article 61 If a medical institution discovers quality problems with the drugs it has purchased or used, it shall immediately take measures to control risks, promptly inform the supplier and the marketing authorization holder, and report it to the drug supervision and management department of the county-level people's government (县级人民政府) where it is located.
Marketing authorization holders and suppliers shall provide or publish email addresses, telephone numbers, fax numbers, etc., to facilitate medical institutions to inform relevant information.
Article 62 The drug supervision and management department and the health authority shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, supervise and manage the drug quality and drug use behavior in the drug use stage.
Chapter VII Supervision and Management
Article 63 The drug supervision and management department may take the following measures to implement supervision and inspection:
(1) Entering places where drug research and development, production, operation, and use activities are carried out, as well as places that provide related products or services for drug research and development, production, operation, and use, to conduct on-site inspections and sample extraction;
(2) Consulting and copying relevant documents, records, invoices, vouchers, electronic data, and other materials, and sealing up and detaining materials that may be transferred, concealed, or damaged;
(3) Sealing up and detaining drugs and related raw materials, excipients, and packaging materials and containers that directly contact drugs that have evidence to prove that they may endanger human health;
(4) Sealing up and detaining tools, facilities, equipment, and places that have evidence to prove that they may be used for illegal activities.
When the drug supervision and management department conducts supervision and inspection, there shall be no less than two law enforcement officers, and they shall present their law enforcement certificates. Relevant units and individuals shall cooperate with the supervision and inspection and shall not refuse or obstruct it.
Article 64 The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall formulate unified drug traceability standards and specifications. Marketing authorization holders and drug manufacturers shall affix traceability marks on drug packaging in accordance with regulations. Marketing authorization holders, drug manufacturers, drug distributors, and medical institutions shall provide traceability information in accordance with regulations to ensure drug traceability.
Article 65 The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall establish national drug professional technical institutions in accordance with procedures. The drug supervision and management departments of the provincial people's governments may establish local drug professional technical institutions in accordance with procedures based on the local drug industry development and supervision and management needs. National drug professional technical institutions shall strengthen technical guidance to local drug professional technical institutions.
The drug supervision and management departments of the people's governments at or above the provincial level may designate qualified institutions to undertake relevant professional technical work as needed for drug supervision and management.
Article 66 Drug quality sampling and inspection shall follow the principles of science, standardization, and impartiality.
The drug supervision and management department shall formulate and implement a drug quality sampling and inspection plan based on the needs of drug supervision and management.
During drug quality sampling and inspection, drug sampling shall be carried out by two or more sampling personnel in accordance with the regulations of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council. The sampled unit shall cooperate with the sampling personnel in sampling. If the sampled unit fails to cooperate without justifiable reasons, the drug supervision and management department may order the sampled unit to suspend the sale and use of the sampled drugs.
Based on the needs of drug supervision and management, the drug supervision and management department may conduct sampling and inspection of the quality of excipients and packaging materials and containers that directly contact drugs.
Article 67 If a party has an objection to the inspection result of a drug inspection institution, it may apply for re-inspection within 7 days from the date of receiving the drug inspection result.
When applying for re-inspection, the re-inspection and testing fees shall be paid in advance to the re-inspection institution in accordance with regulations. If the re-inspection and testing conclusion is inconsistent with the original inspection conclusion, the re-inspection and testing fees shall be borne by the original drug inspection institution.
Re-inspection shall not be granted for inspection items for which re-inspection is not allowed according to national drug standards, or other circumstances where re-inspection is not allowed as stipulated by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council.
Article 68 The drug quality sampling and inspection results announced by the drug supervision and management departments of the people's governments at or above the provincial level shall include the name of the sampled drug, the source of the sample, the indicated marketing authorization holder and manufacturer or the indicated medical institution, the product batch number, specifications, inspection institution, inspection basis, inspection conclusion, non-compliant items, and other content. If the announcement of drug quality sampling and inspection results is inappropriate, the publishing department shall correct it within the scope of the original announcement within 5 working days from the date of confirmation of the inappropriateness.
Article 69 For drugs that may be adulterated or falsified, if the inspection items and inspection methods stipulated in the national drug standards and drug registration standards cannot be used for inspection, the drug inspection institution may use supplementary inspection items and inspection methods approved by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council for inspection. The inspection results obtained using supplementary inspection items and inspection methods can be used as the basis for determining drug quality.
Article 70 If the drug supervision and management department takes risk control measures such as suspending production, sales, use, and import in accordance with the provisions of Article 99, Paragraph 3 of the Drug Administration Law (药品管理法), the marketing authorization holder, drug manufacturer, drug distributor, and medical institution shall make rectifications to eliminate safety hazards. If the drug supervision and management department assesses that it meets the relevant requirements, it shall lift the risk control measures that have been taken.
During the period when the drug supervision and management departments of the people's governments at or above the provincial level take the risk control measures stipulated in the preceding paragraph, advertisements for related drugs shall not be published; if they have already been published, they shall be stopped immediately.
Article 71 The following circumstances fall under the category of counterfeit drugs as stipulated in Article 98, Paragraph 2, Item 2 of the Drug Administration Law:
(1) Substances that do not have disease prevention, treatment, or diagnostic functions, or substances with unknown ingredients, that claim to have disease prevention, treatment, or diagnostic functions on labels and instructions to impersonate drugs;
(2) Using the names or approval numbers of other drugs, and marking indications or functions that are not possessed on labels and instructions;
(3) The drug ingredients are inconsistent with the ingredients marked on the labels and instructions;
(4) Marking false drug approval numbers and drug marketing authorization holders;
(5) Other circumstances in which non-drugs are impersonated as drugs or other drugs are impersonated as this type of drug.
Article 72 It is not necessary to conduct drug inspection to determine counterfeit drugs in accordance with the provisions of Article 98, Paragraph 2, Item 4 of the Drug Administration Law, and to determine substandard drugs in accordance with the provisions of Article 98, Paragraph 3, Items 3 to 5 of the Drug Administration Law. Drug inspection shall be conducted to determine counterfeit or substandard drugs in accordance with other provisions of Article 98, Paragraphs 2 and 3 of the Drug Administration Law; however, drug inspection may not be conducted if evidence such as the purchase and use records of raw materials and excipients can fully prove that they are counterfeit or substandard drugs.
Article 73 The unit where a drug safety incident occurs shall immediately take measures to prevent the expansion of the hazard and immediately report it to the drug supervision and management department of the county-level people's government (县级人民政府) where the incident occurred.
If a medical institution discovers a drug safety incident, it shall immediately report it to the drug supervision and management department of the county-level people's government (县级人民政府) and the health authority where the incident occurred.
After receiving the report, the drug supervision and management department shall immediately report it to the people's government at the same level and the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at the next higher level in accordance with regulations.
The people's governments at or above the county level shall organize and carry out response work in accordance with the drug safety incident emergency plan.
Article 74 The state strengthens drug reserves and implements a two-level reserve system at the central and local levels. The specific measures shall be formulated by the competent department of industry and information technology of the State Council (国务院) in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council.
Article 75 The health authority of the State Council (国务院) shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council, formulate national drug policies and the national essential drug system, and improve the management mechanism of the national essential drug list.
Article 76 The market supervision and management department shall strengthen the supervision and management of anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition in drug production and operation, investigate and deal with monopoly and unfair competition illegal acts in accordance with the law, and maintain a fair competitive order.
Article 77 If the drug supervision and management and other departments discover clues of suspected job-related violations or job-related crimes by public officials in supervision and management, they shall promptly transfer them to the supervisory authority.
Article 78 Fees may be charged for drug registration, implementation of drug registration inspection and mandatory inspection. The specific charging items and charging standards shall be formulated by the finance department of the State Council (国务院) and the development and reform department of the State Council (国务院) in accordance with relevant national regulations.
Chapter VIII Legal Liability
Article 79 In any of the following circumstances, the drug supervision and management department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall order a correction within a time limit, confiscate the illegally produced and sold drugs and illegal income, and impose a fine of not less than 10 times but not more than 20 times the value of the illegally produced and sold drugs. If the value of the illegally produced and wholesale drugs is less than 100,000 yuan, it shall be calculated as 100,000 yuan; if the value of the illegally retailed drugs is less than 10,000 yuan, it shall be calculated as 10,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, it shall also order the suspension of production and business for rectification until the drug production license and drug business license are revoked by the original issuing department:
(1) The marketing authorization holder sells commercial-scale batches of products produced before obtaining the drug approval document in violation of the provisions of Article 36 of these Regulations;
(2) Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces production enterprises entrust the preparation of Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces or Chinese herbal formula granules production enterprises entrust the production of Chinese herbal formula granules;
(3) Drug distribution enterprises operate Chinese herbal formula granules and medical institution preparations;
(4) Selling drugs through the Internet in violation of the provisions of Article 46 of these Regulations.
Article 80 In any of the following circumstances, the drug supervision and management department of the provincial people's government shall order a correction within a time limit and give a warning; if the correction is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed:
(1) Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces production enterprises and Chinese herbal formula granules production enterprises sell Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces and Chinese herbal formula granules across provincial administrative regions without filing in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 3 of Article 39 and Paragraph 4 of Article 40 of these Regulations;
(2) Chinese herbal formula granules production enterprises produce Chinese herbal formula granules without filing in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 1 of Article 40 of these Regulations.
Article 81 If a medical institution uses preparations prepared by other medical institutions without approval, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Articles 129 and 139 of the Drug Administration Law (药品管理法).
If a medical institution has any of the following circumstances, the drug supervision and management department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall order a correction within a time limit; if the correction is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed:
(1) Failure to formulate and implement management systems such as drug purchase inspection and acceptance, storage, and use in accordance with regulations;
(2) Failure to take measures or report in accordance with regulations upon discovering quality problems with the drugs purchased or used.
Article 82 Applying for qualifications for non-clinical safety evaluation research institutions, drug clinical trial permits, drug production licenses, drug business licenses, medical institution preparation licenses, drug registration, and other licenses, providing false certificates, data, materials, samples, or taking other deceptive means, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the county level shall not accept or grant the license, and shall not accept its corresponding application within 10 years, and shall impose a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 5 million yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the legal representative, main person in charge, directly responsible person in charge, and other responsible persons shall also be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan, and shall be prohibited from engaging in drug production and operation activities within 10 years.
If the false certificates, data, materials, and samples submitted by the applicant are forged or fabricated by a non-clinical safety evaluation research institution, a drug clinical trial institution, or other institutions entrusted to carry out drug research and development-related activities, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the provincial level shall punish the non-clinical safety evaluation research institution, drug clinical trial institution, or other institutions entrusted to carry out drug research and development-related activities in accordance with the provisions of Article 126 of the Drug Administration Law (药品管理法).
Article 83 If a drug clinical trial institution that has completed the filing does not meet the filing conditions, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the provincial level shall order a correction within a time limit; if the filing conditions are still not met within the time limit, the filing of the relevant drug clinical trial specialty or the filing of the drug clinical trial institution shall be cancelled, and it shall be prohibited from carrying out relevant professional drug clinical trials or prohibited from carrying out drug clinical trials within 1 year.
If false certificates are provided when filing a drug clinical trial institution, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the provincial level shall cancel the filing of the relevant drug clinical trial specialty or the filing of the drug clinical trial institution, prohibit it from carrying out relevant professional drug clinical trials or prohibit it from carrying out drug clinical trials within 3 years, confiscate the illegal income, and impose a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan, and the relevant clinical trial data shall not be used to apply for drug registration.
Article 84 If a third-party platform provider for drug online transactions fails to establish and improve a drug online sales quality management system in accordance with regulations, the drug supervision and management department of the provincial people's government shall order a correction within a time limit and give a warning; if the correction is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 2 million yuan shall be imposed.
If a third-party platform provider for drug online transactions, a marketing authorization holder, or a drug distribution enterprise provides information display, link jumping, and other services for other third-party platform providers for drug online transactions, marketing authorization holders, or drug distribution enterprises to sell drugs through the Internet, in violation of the regulations of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院), the drug supervision and management department of the provincial people's government shall order a correction within a time limit and give a warning; if the correction is not made within the time limit, the illegal income shall be confiscated and a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, the illegal income shall be confiscated and a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 2 million yuan shall be imposed.
Article 85 Refusing to implement risk control measures such as suspension of production, sales, use, and import taken by the drug supervision and management department in accordance with the law, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the county level shall impose a fine of not less than 5 times but not more than 10 times the value of the illegally produced, sold, used, and imported drugs, and if the value is less than 10,000 yuan, it shall be calculated as 10,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, it shall also order the suspension of production and business for rectification until the drug approval document, drug production license, drug business license, and medical institution preparation license are revoked by the original issuing department, and the legal representative, main person in charge, directly responsible person in charge, and other responsible persons shall be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan.
Article 85: Whoever refuses to implement risk control measures such as suspension of production, sales, use, or import adopted by the drug regulatory authority in accordance with the law shall be fined not less than 5 times but not more than 10 times the value of the drugs illegally produced, sold, used, or imported by the drug regulatory department of the people's government at or above the county level. If the value of the goods is less than 10,000 yuan, it shall be calculated as 10,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, it shall also be ordered to suspend production and business for rectification until the original certificate issuing department revokes the drug approval certificate, drug production license, drug business license, and medical institution preparation license, and the legal representative, principal person in charge, the person in charge directly responsible, and other responsible persons shall be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan.
Whoever violates the Drug Administration Law, the Vaccine Administration Law, and the provisions of these Regulations by refusing or obstructing supervision and inspection shall be ordered by the drug regulatory department of the people's government at or above the county level to make corrections within a time limit and shall be fined not more than 50,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend production and business for rectification.
Article 86: If a drug business enterprise or medical institution has fulfilled the obligations of incoming goods inspection and acceptance stipulated in the Drug Administration Law, the Vaccine Administration Law, and these Regulations, and has sufficient evidence to prove that it did not know that the drugs it sold or used were counterfeit or substandard drugs, it shall be exempted from punishment, but the counterfeit or substandard drugs it sold or used shall be confiscated; if personal, property, or other damages are caused, it shall bear compensation liability in accordance with the law.
Article 87: If the drug regulatory department and its staff violate the provisions of these Regulations by disclosing undisclosed test data or other data of the drug marketing authorization holder, causing losses to the drug marketing authorization holder, the drug regulatory department shall bear the liability for compensation in accordance with the law; after the drug regulatory department compensates for the losses, it shall order the staff who intentionally or with gross negligence to bear part or all of the compensation costs, and shall give disciplinary sanctions to the responsible leaders and directly responsible personnel in accordance with the law.
Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions
Article 88: The time required for drug registration review and evaluation, as well as the time required for technical review involved in the application for qualification of drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institutions, drug production license application, drug business license application, and medical institution preparation license application review, shall not be included in the time limit for the drug regulatory department to implement administrative licenses.
Article 89: These Regulations shall come into force on May 15, 2026.
(Xinhua News Agency) (新华社)
Return to TopDecree of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
No. 828
The "Regulations for the Implementation of the Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China" was revised and adopted at the 76th Executive Meeting of the State Council on December 31, 2025, and is hereby promulgated and shall come into force on May 15, 2026.
Premier Li Qiang (李强)
January 16, 2026
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1 These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the "Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China" (hereinafter referred to as the Drug Administration Law).
Article 2 Activities involving drug research and development, production, operation, use, and supervision and management shall adhere to a people-centered approach to health, follow scientific laws and ethical principles, and comprehensively prevent and control risks.
Article 3 The state improves the drug innovation system, supports drug research and innovation oriented towards clinical value, encourages research and creation of new drugs, and supports the clinical promotion and use of new drugs; promotes the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine, and gives full play to the role of traditional Chinese medicine in prevention, medical treatment, and healthcare; and promotes the research and innovation of generic drugs to improve the quality and efficacy of generic drugs.
Article 4 The departments responsible for drug supervision and management under the people's governments at or above the county level (hereinafter referred to as drug supervision and management departments) shall be responsible for drug supervision and management. Other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for supervision and management related to drugs within their respective responsibilities.
Article 5 The competent departments of industry and information technology of the State Council, the competent departments of commerce of the State Council, etc., shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, formulate relevant national drug production, circulation, and other industry development plans and industrial policies based on the national economic and social development plan and the development of the pharmaceutical industry, promote the adjustment of the pharmaceutical industry structure and technological innovation, enhance the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain, and promote the high-quality development of the pharmaceutical industry. The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall cooperate with the competent departments of industry and information technology of the State Council, the competent departments of commerce of the State Council, etc., to implement relevant national drug industry development plans and industrial policies.
Chapter II Drug Research and Registration
Article 6 Activities involving drug research and development shall comply with the Good Laboratory Practice for Non-clinical Study of Drugs and the Good Clinical Practice for Drug Clinical Trials to ensure that records and data are true, accurate, complete, and traceable.
Article 7 Those who carry out drug non-clinical safety evaluation research activities for the purpose of applying for drug registration shall be implemented by drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institutions that have been qualified. To apply for qualification of a drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institution, an application shall be submitted to the drug supervision and management department of the State Council, and materials proving that it complies with the Good Laboratory Practice for Non-clinical Study of Drugs shall be submitted. The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall organize and carry out the review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application. Those who meet the prescribed conditions shall be granted a license and issued a qualification certificate; those who do not meet the prescribed conditions shall not be granted a license and shall be given a written explanation of the reasons.
The validity period of the qualification certificate of a drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institution is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue to implement drug non-clinical safety evaluation research after the expiration of the validity period, an application shall be made for re-issuance of the qualification certificate.
Article 8 The drug clinical trial applicant shall select drug clinical trial institutions and researchers with corresponding capabilities, and fulfill the responsibilities of subject protection, clinical trial drug management, clinical trial data management, and risk management.
The preparation of drugs for clinical trials shall comply with the relevant requirements of Good Manufacturing Practice for drugs.
Drug clinical trial applicants and drug clinical trial institutions shall not charge subjects fees related to clinical trials.
Article 9 If the applicant for a drug clinical trial approved in accordance with the provisions of the first paragraph of Article 19 of the Drug Administration Law is changed, an application shall be submitted to the drug supervision and management department of the State Council. The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 10 If drug research and development activities are carried out abroad for the purpose of applying for drug registration, the relevant provisions of the Drug Administration Law, these Regulations, and other laws, regulations, rules, standards, and norms shall be complied with; the research data obtained abroad that meet the relevant provisions of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council may be used to apply for drug registration.
Article 11 The import of reference drugs and samples required for research or inspection for the purpose of applying for drug registration shall be approved by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council; however, drugs for clinical trials specified in the drug clinical trial approval document may be imported with the approval document. The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 12 When developing chemical generic drugs, comparative studies shall be conducted by scientifically selecting reference drugs in accordance with the technical requirements formulated by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council; if there is a reference preparation determined by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council, the reference preparation shall be selected as the reference drug for comparative studies.
Article 13 The research and development of traditional Chinese medicine shall be guided by the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, and the safety and effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine shall be comprehensively evaluated based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the experience of traditional Chinese medicine in human use, and clinical trial data. The evaluation of the effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine shall be adapted to its clinical positioning and reflect the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.
Article 14 The research, development, and production of traditional Chinese medicine shall ensure the stability of the source and quality of medicinal materials and the sustainable use of resources, and avoid adverse effects on the ecological environment; if wild animals and plants are involved, the relevant national regulations shall be complied with.
Article 15 The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall conduct review and approval of drugs applying for registration in accordance with the provisions of Article 25 of the Drug Administration Law.
In order to support drug research and innovation oriented towards clinical value, the drug supervision and management department of the State Council may adopt breakthrough therapy drug procedures, conditional approval procedures, priority review and approval procedures, special approval procedures, etc. for drug registration applications that meet the conditions to accelerate the marketing of drugs.
The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall establish and improve a review and approval, inspection and testing, and standard management system that conforms to the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.
Article 16 When approving drugs, the drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall review and approve chemical raw materials at the same time; if the conditions are met, a drug registration certificate shall be issued for the drug, and a chemical raw material approval certificate shall be issued for the chemical raw material. For chemical raw materials used in generic drugs that have been registered, an application for review and approval may also be directly submitted to the drug supervision and management department of the State Council; if the conditions are met, a chemical raw material approval certificate shall be issued. When reviewing and approving chemical raw materials, the drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall verify the quality standards, production process, and labels of the chemical raw materials at the same time.
The transfer of drug registration certificates and chemical raw material approval certificates shall be subject to application to the drug supervision and management department of the State Council. The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 17 The validity period of drug registration certificates and chemical raw material approval certificates is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue to market the drug after the expiration of the validity period, an application for re-registration shall be made.
Drug marketing authorization holders and chemical raw material production enterprises shall apply for re-registration to the drug supervision and management department of the people's government of the province where they are located; if the drug marketing authorization holder and chemical raw material production enterprise are foreign enterprises, they shall apply for re-registration to the drug supervision and management department of the State Council.
Article 18 If the registration of over-the-counter drugs conforms to the circumstances prescribed by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council, the drug registration applicant may directly submit an application for registration of over-the-counter drugs.
For registered prescription drugs, if the drug marketing authorization holder believes that it is appropriate to manage them as over-the-counter drugs, they may apply to the drug supervision and management department of the State Council for conversion to over-the-counter drugs. For registered over-the-counter drugs, if the drug marketing authorization holder believes that it is not appropriate to manage them as over-the-counter drugs based on adverse reaction monitoring and post-marketing evaluation results, they shall apply to the drug supervision and management department of the State Council for conversion to prescription drugs. The drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall organize and carry out the evaluation, and if it meets the requirements, it shall decide to convert the prescription drug to an over-the-counter drug or convert the over-the-counter drug to a prescription drug, and announce it to the public.
The drug supervision and management department of the State Council may, after organizing and carrying out the evaluation, decide to convert an over-the-counter drug to a prescription drug in accordance with the needs of ensuring public medication safety.
Article 19 The state promotes the improvement of drug standards and continuously improves the quality level of drugs.
The drug quality standard verified and approved by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall be the drug registration standard. The drug registration standard shall comply with the general technical requirements of the "Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China" and shall not be lower than the corresponding national drug standards. The drug marketing authorization holder shall evaluate the drug registration standard according to the formulation and revision of the national drug standard, and if it needs to be revised, revise it in a timely manner and submit an application for change or file a record or report in accordance with the regulations of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council.
Article 20 The research and development of drugs and application for drug registration shall use national drug standard articles and reference substances. If there are no national drug standard articles and reference substances, the drug registration applicant shall submit the raw materials and related technical materials used by the drug quality standard research institute to the drug inspection agency set up or designated by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council, and the drug inspection agency shall develop and calibrate the national drug standard articles and reference substances in accordance with the law.
The drug inspection agency set up or designated by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council shall strengthen the research and development capabilities of national drug standard articles and reference substances to ensure the supply of national drug standard articles and reference substances.
Article 21 The state supports the research and innovation of drugs for children and drugs for the treatment of rare diseases.
For new varieties of drugs for children, drugs for children using new dosage forms or new specifications, and drugs that increase indications for children, those that meet the conditions shall be granted a market exclusivity period of no more than 2 years.
For drugs for the treatment of rare diseases that meet the conditions, if the drug marketing authorization holder promises to ensure the supply of drugs, a market exclusivity period of no more than 7 years shall be granted. If the drug marketing authorization holder fails to fulfill the commitment to ensure the supply of drugs, the market exclusivity period shall be terminated.
The specific conditions and measures for granting market exclusivity shall be formulated by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council.
Article 22 The state implements protection for the independently obtained and undisclosed test data and other data submitted by the drug marketing authorization holder of drugs containing new chemical ingredients and other drugs that meet the conditions, and no one shall improperly use such undisclosed test data and other data for commercial purposes.
The protection period of the data prescribed in the preceding paragraph shall not exceed 6 years from the date of drug registration. Within the protection period, other applicants shall not be permitted to apply for drug registration using the data prescribed in the preceding paragraph without the consent of the drug marketing authorization holder; however, other applicants who submit independently obtained data shall be excluded.
Except in the following circumstances, the drug supervision and management department shall not disclose the data prescribed in paragraph 1 of this article:
(1) The public interest requires it;
(2) Measures have been taken to ensure that such data will not be improperly used for commercial purposes.
The specific protection measures for the data prescribed in paragraph 1 of this article shall be formulated by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council.
Chapter III Drug Marketing Authorization Holders
Article 23 The drug marketing authorization holder shall establish and improve a drug quality assurance system, establish an independent quality management department, and equip it with a production manager, a quality manager, and a qualified person. The qualified person shall independently perform the duties of drug release.
Article 24 The drug marketing authorization holder shall comply with the Good Pharmacovigilance Practice, establish and improve a pharmacovigilance system, monitor adverse drug reactions and other harmful reactions related to medication, and establish a risk identification, assessment, and control mechanism. Drug operating enterprises and medical institutions shall cooperate with the drug marketing authorization holder in carrying out pharmacovigilance work.
The Good Pharmacovigilance Practice shall be formulated by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council.
Article 25 If the drug marketing authorization holder is a foreign enterprise, the Chinese legal entity designated by it in accordance with the provisions of Article 38 of the Drug Administration Law shall have corresponding quality management capabilities and risk control capabilities, establish corresponding management departments, and equip them with corresponding personnel; the relevant information of the designated Chinese legal entity shall be stated in the drug instructions.
Article 26 The drug marketing authorization holder shall provide barrier-free format versions of drug labels and instructions, such as voice, large print, Braille, or electronic versions, in accordance with the regulations of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council, so as to facilitate medication for persons with disabilities and the elderly.
The content of the electronic version of the drug instructions shall be consistent with the content of the drug instructions approved by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council, and shall have the same effect as the paper version of the drug instructions; the voice and Braille versions of drug labels and instructions are for reference only.
Article 27 The drug marketing authorization holder shall comprehensively evaluate and verify the impact of changes in the drug production process on the safety, effectiveness, and quality controllability of the drug, and submit an application for change or file a record or report in accordance with the regulations of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council.
The drug supervision and management department shall strengthen the supervision and management of changes in the drug production process, and if it finds that the evaluation and verification of the changes filed or reported by the drug marketing authorization holder are insufficient to prove that the change is scientific, reasonable, and the risk is controllable, or if it finds that the drug marketing authorization holder has selected an inappropriate change management category, it shall order it to make corrections, take corresponding risk control measures, and handle it in accordance with the law.
Article 28 The drug marketing authorization holder shall continuously investigate the quality, efficacy, and adverse reactions of registered drugs.
The drug marketing authorization holder shall regularly conduct post-marketing evaluation of registered drugs, conduct a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the risks and benefits of the drugs, and take measures such as revising the instructions, improving quality standards, improving production processes, suspending production and sales, implementing drug recalls, and applying for cancellation of drug registration certificates based on the post-marketing evaluation results. When necessary, the drug supervision and management department of the State Council may order the drug marketing authorization holder to carry out post-marketing evaluation or directly organize the implementation of post-marketing evaluation.
If the drug marketing authorization holder fails to continuously investigate the quality, efficacy, and adverse reactions of registered drugs in accordance with the regulations, or fails to carry out post-marketing evaluation as required by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council, the drug registration certificate shall not be re-registered after the expiration of the validity period.
Article 29 Traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces production enterprises and traditional Chinese medicine formula granules production enterprises shall fulfill the relevant obligations of drug marketing authorization holders, implement full-process management of the production and sales of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and traditional Chinese medicine formula granules, establish a traceability system for traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and traditional Chinese medicine formula granules, and ensure that traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces and traditional Chinese medicine formula granules are safe, effective, and traceable.
Chapter IV Drug Production
Article 30 To engage in drug production activities, an application shall be submitted to the drug supervision and management department of the people's government of the province where it is located, and materials proving that it meets the conditions prescribed in Article 42 of the Drug Administration Law shall be submitted; to engage in vaccine production activities, materials proving that it meets the conditions prescribed in paragraph 3 of Article 22 of the "Vaccine Administration Law of the People's Republic of China" (hereinafter referred to as the Vaccine Administration Law) shall also be submitted. The drug supervision and management department of the provincial people's government shall organize and carry out the review and make a decision within 30 working days from the date of accepting the application. Those who meet the prescribed conditions shall be granted a license and issued a drug production license; those who do not meet the prescribed conditions shall not be granted a license and shall be given a written explanation of the reasons.
If a drug production enterprise changes the licensed items of the drug production license, it shall submit an application to the original issuing department. The original issuing department shall review and make a decision within 15 working days from the date of accepting the application.
The validity period of the drug production license is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue to produce drugs after the expiration of the validity period, an application shall be made for re-issuance of the drug production license.
Article 31 If a marketing authorization holder (MAH) produces drugs by itself, it shall obtain a drug production license.
If a marketing authorization holder (MAH) entrusts the production of drugs, it shall entrust a drug production enterprise that meets the requirements. The marketing authorization holder (MAH) shall fulfill the responsibilities of supplier review, change management during the drug production process, and drug release for marketing, supervise the entrusted production enterprise, and ensure that the entire drug production process continuously meets statutory requirements. The entrusted production enterprise shall organize production in accordance with the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for drugs and shall not entrust the production again.
Blood products, narcotic drugs, psychotropic drugs, medical toxic drugs, precursor chemicals for drug production, and drugs containing narcotic drugs, psychotropic drugs, or precursor chemicals for drug production shall not be entrusted for production; however, this does not apply if the drug regulatory authority under the State Council provides otherwise.
Article 32 If a marketing authorization holder (MAH) truly needs to, it may entrust a qualified drug production enterprise to produce the following drugs in segments:
(1) Innovative drugs with special requirements for production technology, facilities, and equipment;
(2) Drugs urgently needed for clinical use, drugs urgently needed for responding to sudden public health incidents, or drugs needed for stockpiling, as proposed by relevant departments of the State Council;
(3) Other drugs prescribed by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.
If a marketing authorization holder (MAH) entrusts the segmented production of drugs, it shall establish a unified quality assurance system covering the entire drug production process and all production sites to ensure that the entire drug production process continuously meets statutory requirements.
Article 33 Under any of the following circumstances, if the production capacity of a vaccine marketing authorization holder (MAH) is exceeded, with the approval of the drug regulatory authority under the State Council, the vaccine marketing authorization holder (MAH) may entrust a qualified vaccine production enterprise to produce or segmentally produce vaccines:
(1) Producing multivalent and multivalent combination vaccines;
(2) Disease prevention and control urgently needed or stockpiling needs proposed by relevant departments of the State Council;
(3) Other circumstances prescribed by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.
Article 34 When producing vaccines, blood products, and other biological products, all data generated during the production and inspection process shall be truthfully recorded using information technology in accordance with regulations.
Article 35 If drugs marketed in China are produced overseas, their production activities shall comply with the relevant requirements of the Drug Administration Law, these Regulations, and other laws, regulations, rules, standards, and norms. If drugs produced overseas are packaged in China, the drug production enterprise implementing the packaging may sell its packaged drugs to drug distribution enterprises and medical institutions after the marketing authorization holder (MAH) files with the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.
Article 36 The following drugs produced before obtaining drug approval documents, which meet the drug release requirements for marketing, may be marketed and sold after obtaining drug approval documents:
(1) Commercial-scale batch products that have passed the compliance inspection of the corresponding Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP);
(2) Commercial-scale batch products produced after passing the compliance inspection of the corresponding Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), which are new drugs, drugs for the treatment of rare diseases, shortage drugs, and other clinically urgently needed drugs.
The marketing authorization holder (MAH) shall strengthen risk management of drugs marketed and sold in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.
Article 37 The state encourages the development of standardized cultivation and breeding of Chinese medicinal materials and encourages the use of authentic Chinese medicinal materials. The provincial people's governments shall formulate relevant plans based on local realities, encourage the implementation of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) for Chinese medicinal materials, and promote standardized cultivation and breeding of Chinese medicinal materials.
According to the characteristics of Chinese medicinal materials, on-site processing of Chinese medicinal materials may be carried out. The drug regulatory departments of the provincial people's governments shall formulate guiding principles for on-site processing of Chinese medicinal materials in accordance with the Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) for Chinese medicinal materials, combined with the local distribution of Chinese medicinal material resources, traditional planting and breeding history, and the characteristics of authentic Chinese medicinal materials.
Article 38 The Chinese medicinal materials used in the production of drugs shall comply with the national drug standards and drug registration standards. If there are no national drug standards or drug registration standards, they shall comply with the regional folk medicinal material standards formulated by the drug regulatory departments of the provincial people's governments.
The first import of Chinese medicinal materials shall be approved by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council. The drug regulatory authority under the State Council shall conduct a review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 39 Chinese medicine decoction pieces production enterprises shall process Chinese medicine decoction pieces by themselves and shall not entrust the processing of Chinese medicine decoction pieces.
Chinese medicine decoction pieces shall be processed in accordance with national drug standards; if national drug standards are not specified, they shall be processed in accordance with the processing specifications formulated by the drug regulatory departments of the provincial people's governments.
Chinese medicine decoction pieces processed in accordance with the processing specifications formulated by the drug regulatory departments of the provincial people's governments may be sold and used across provincial administrative regions. Among them, if the processing methods and medication characteristics of Chinese medicine decoction pieces differ regionally and are likely to cause confusion in clinical medication when sold across provincial administrative regions, the Chinese medicine decoction pieces production enterprise shall indicate clinical medication tips on the Chinese medicine decoction pieces label and file with the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government in the place of purchase and use; medical institutions shall strengthen procurement management and rational drug use monitoring to prevent confusion in clinical medication. Specific measures shall be formulated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.
The labels of Chinese medicine decoction pieces shall indicate the product attributes, product name, specifications, origin of Chinese medicinal materials, production enterprise, product batch number, production date, packaging quantity, shelf life, execution standard, storage conditions, etc.; for Chinese medicine decoction pieces subject to approval management, the drug approval number shall also be indicated.
Article 40 Chinese herbal formula granules production enterprises shall file the Chinese herbal formula granules varieties they produce with the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government where they are located.
Chinese herbal formula granules production enterprises shall process the Chinese medicine decoction pieces used for the production of Chinese herbal formula granules by themselves and produce Chinese herbal formula granules by themselves, and shall not use purchased Chinese medicine decoction pieces to produce Chinese herbal formula granules, nor shall they entrust the production of Chinese herbal formula granules.
Chinese herbal formula granules shall be produced in accordance with national drug standards; if national drug standards are not specified, they shall be produced in accordance with the Chinese herbal formula granules standards formulated by the drug regulatory departments of the provincial people's governments.
Chinese herbal formula granules produced in accordance with the Chinese herbal formula granules standards formulated by the drug regulatory departments of the provincial people's governments may be sold and used across provincial administrative regions; if Chinese herbal formula granules are sold across provincial administrative regions, the Chinese herbal formula granules production enterprise shall file with the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government in the place of purchase and use.
The labels of Chinese herbal formula granules shall indicate the product name, specifications, production enterprise, product batch number, production date, shelf life, execution standard, storage conditions, filing number, etc.
Drug distribution enterprises shall not distribute Chinese herbal formula granules.
Article 41 Engaging in the production of excipients, packaging materials and containers that directly contact drugs shall comply with the relevant provisions of the Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) for drugs, establish and improve the production quality management system, and ensure that the entire production process continuously meets statutory requirements.
It is prohibited to use excipients, packaging materials and containers that directly contact drugs that have been eliminated by the state to produce drugs.
Chapter V Drug Distribution
Article 42 To engage in drug distribution activities, an application shall be submitted to the drug regulatory department of the local people's government at or above the county level where it is located, and materials proving that it meets the conditions stipulated in Article 52 of the Drug Administration Law shall be submitted. The drug regulatory department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall organize and carry out a review and make a decision within 20 working days from the date of accepting the application. For those who meet the prescribed conditions, a drug distribution license shall be granted and issued; for those who do not meet the prescribed conditions, the license shall not be granted and the reasons shall be explained in writing.
If a drug distribution enterprise changes the licensed items of the drug distribution license, it shall submit an application to the original issuing department. The original issuing department shall conduct a review and make a decision within 15 working days from the date of accepting the application.
The validity period of a drug distribution license is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue distributing drugs after the expiration of the validity period, an application shall be made for the re-issuance of the drug distribution license.
Article 43 Drug distribution enterprises shall be equipped with pharmacists or other pharmaceutical technical personnel who have been qualified in accordance with the law and who are adapted to their business scope and scale; however, drug retail enterprises that only distribute Class B over-the-counter drugs may be equipped with pharmaceutical technical personnel in accordance with the regulations of the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.
Drug retail enterprises shall sell prescription drugs based on prescriptions.
Article 44 Drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs), drug production enterprises, and drug distribution enterprises shall take effective measures in accordance with the packaging, quality characteristics, temperature control requirements, etc. of drugs to ensure the quality of drugs during storage and transportation. If drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs), drug production enterprises, and drug distribution enterprises entrust the storage and transportation of drugs, they shall select an entrusted party with corresponding capabilities and supervise the entrusted party. The entrusted party shall strengthen the management of the drug storage and transportation process and take effective measures to ensure drug quality.
Drugs distributed to patients by drug retail enterprises shall have independent packaging and prominent identification.
Article 45 Third-party platform providers for online drug transactions shall establish and improve a quality management system for online drug sales, establish corresponding management departments, equip pharmaceutical technical personnel and other related professional personnel, and formulate and implement drug quality management, distribution management, and other systems. Third-party platform providers for online drug transactions shall review the qualifications of drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs) and drug distribution enterprises applying to enter the platform for operation, check the drug information displayed on the platform, and manage the drug distribution activities occurring on the platform. Third-party platform providers for online drug transactions shall preserve the review and inspection records and the drug information displayed on the platform in accordance with regulations.
If third-party platform providers for online drug transactions, drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs), and drug distribution enterprises provide information display, link jumping, and other services for other third-party platform providers for online drug transactions, drug marketing authorization holders (MAHs), and drug distribution enterprises to sell drugs online, they shall comply with the regulations of the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.
Article 46 Vaccines, blood products, narcotic drugs, psychotropic drugs, medical toxic drugs, radioactive drugs, precursor chemicals for drug production, and other drugs subject to special management by the state shall not be sold online; other drugs with higher medication risks shall not be retailed online. The specific catalog shall be formulated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.
Article 47 For applications for importing a small amount of drugs urgently needed for clinical use submitted by medical institutions, the drug regulatory authority under the State Council shall solicit the opinions of the health and health authority under the State Council, conduct a timely review and make a decision. If the State Council authorizes the provincial people's governments to implement the approval, the authorized provincial people's governments shall formulate specific approval measures in combination with local realities.
Article 48 When individuals carry or mail a small amount of drugs into the country, they shall be limited to a reasonable quantity for personal use and comply with the state's regulations on the management of personal items entering the country.
Chapter VI Pharmaceutical Affairs Management of Medical Institutions
Article 49 Medical institutions shall formulate and implement management systems for drug purchase inspection and acceptance, storage, use, etc., and establish corresponding management departments or designate personnel to be responsible for drug quality management.
Article 50 Medical institutions shall strengthen the management of prescription writing, review, and dispensing to improve physicians' rational drug use level.
Article 51 Physicians shall not write prescriptions for the drugs specified in Article 46 of these Regulations in online diagnosis and treatment activities.
Article 52 Medical institutions shall provide patients with prescriptions that comply with the regulations of the health and health authority under the State Council, and patients may choose to purchase drugs from drug retail enterprises with prescriptions.
It is encouraged to realize the flow of prescriptions between medical institutions and drug retail enterprises through information technology.
Article 53 For drugs used to treat diseases that seriously endanger life and for which there are no effective treatments currently undergoing clinical trials, if medical observation may be beneficial and complies with ethical principles, after review and approval by the ethics committee and the patient or their guardian signs an informed consent form, they may be used within the institution conducting the clinical trial for other patients with the same condition but who cannot participate in the clinical trial.
Article 54 Medical institutions that prepare preparations shall submit an application to the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government where they are located, and submit materials proving that they meet the conditions stipulated in the first paragraph of Article 75 of the Drug Administration Law. The drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government shall organize and carry out a review and make a decision within 30 working days from the date of accepting the application. For those who meet the prescribed conditions, a medical institution preparation license shall be granted and issued; for those who do not meet the prescribed conditions, the license shall not be granted and the reasons shall be explained in writing.
If a medical institution changes the licensed items of the medical institution preparation license, it shall submit an application to the original issuing department. The original issuing department shall conduct a review and make a decision within 15 working days from the date of accepting the application.
The validity period of a medical institution preparation license is 5 years. If it is necessary to continue preparing preparations after the expiration of the validity period, an application shall be made for the re-issuance of the medical institution preparation license.
Article 55 Medical institutions shall submit the data, materials, and samples of the preparations they intend to prepare to the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government where they are located, and may only prepare them after obtaining a medical institution preparation registration certificate after review and approval; however, for Chinese medicine preparations prepared only using traditional techniques, medical institutions may prepare them after filing with the drug regulatory department of the provincial people's government where they are located.
When approving applications for medical institution preparation registration, the drug regulatory departments of the provincial people's governments shall approve the quality standards, preparation techniques, labels, and instructions for use of the preparations together.
The validity period of a medical institution preparation registration certificate is 3 years. If it is necessary to continue preparing them after the expiration of the validity period, an application shall be made for re-registration.
Article 56 For children's drugs that are truly needed clinically but are not available on the market or do not have dosage forms and specifications for children, the health and health authority under the State Council shall, in conjunction with the drug regulatory authority under the State Council, include them in the list of commonly used medical institution preparations for children, support medical institutions to prepare and use them, and meet the clinical drug needs of child patients.
Article 57 The following drugs shall not be used as medical institution preparations:
(1) Chemical drugs containing active ingredients that have not yet been used in registered drugs;
(2) Chemical drugs in which the active ingredients of registered drugs are used for new indications;
(3) Compound preparations composed of Chinese medicine and chemical drugs;
(4) Chinese medicine injections;
(5) Medical toxic drugs;
(6) Biological products other than allergens;
(7) Other drugs prescribed by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.
Article 58 Medical institutions that prepare preparations shall comply with the Good Compounding Practices (GCP) for medical institution preparations, establish and improve the quality management system for preparation preparation, and ensure that the entire preparation preparation process continuously meets statutory requirements. The Good Compounding Practices (GCP) for medical institution preparations shall be formulated by the drug regulatory authority under the State Council.
The legal representative and principal person in charge of a medical institution shall be fully responsible for the preparation preparation activities of the medical institution.
Article 59 Medical institution preparations can only be used in the medical institution based on a physician's prescription, and shall not be sold or sold in disguised form on the market, and shall not publish medical institution preparation advertisements.
In the event of disasters, epidemics, other emergencies, or clinical needs for which there is no supply on the market, medical institution preparations may be transferred and used among designated medical institutions within a prescribed period upon approval by the drug supervision and management department of the provincial people's government; however, the transfer and use of special medical institution preparations prescribed by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院) and the transfer and use of medical institution preparations across provincial administrative regions shall be subject to the approval of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council. The drug supervision and management departments of the people's governments at or above the provincial level shall conduct a review and make a decision within 5 working days from the date of accepting the application.
Article 60 If a medical institution discovers a suspected adverse drug reaction, it shall promptly report it to the drug supervision and management department and the health and health authority in accordance with regulations.
If a medical institution discovers a suspected cluster event of adverse drug reactions, it shall promptly provide treatment to the patients, take measures to control risks, and promptly report it to the drug supervision and management department and the health and health authority in accordance with regulations. After receiving the report, the drug supervision and management department and the health and health authority shall promptly investigate and handle it.
Article 61 If a medical institution discovers quality problems with the drugs it purchases or uses, it shall immediately take measures to control risks, promptly inform the supplier and the marketing authorization holder, and report it to the drug supervision and management department of the county-level people's government (县级人民政府) where it is located.
Marketing authorization holders and suppliers shall provide or publish email addresses, telephone numbers, fax numbers, etc., to facilitate medical institutions to inform relevant information.
Article 62 The drug supervision and management department and the health and health authority shall, in accordance with their respective responsibilities, supervise and manage the drug quality and drug use behavior in the drug use stage.
Chapter VII Supervision and Management
Article 63 When implementing supervision and inspection, the drug supervision and management department may take the following measures:
(1) Entering places where drug research and development, production, operation, and use activities are carried out, as well as places that provide related products or services for drug research and development, production, operation, and use, to conduct on-site inspections and sample extraction;
(2) Consulting and copying relevant documents, records, invoices, vouchers, electronic data, and other materials, and sealing up and detaining materials that may be transferred, concealed, or damaged;
(3) Sealing up and detaining drugs and related raw materials, excipients, and packaging materials and containers that come into direct contact with drugs, for which there is evidence to prove that they may endanger human health;
(4) Sealing up and detaining tools, facilities, equipment, and places for which there is evidence to prove that they may be used for illegal activities.
When the drug supervision and management department conducts supervision and inspection, there shall be no less than two law enforcement officers, and they shall present their law enforcement certificates. Relevant units and individuals shall cooperate with the supervision and inspection and shall not refuse or obstruct it.
Article 64 The drug supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院) shall formulate unified drug traceability standards and specifications. Marketing authorization holders and drug manufacturers shall affix traceability marks on drug packaging in accordance with regulations. Marketing authorization holders, drug manufacturers, drug distributors, and medical institutions shall provide traceability information in accordance with regulations to ensure drug traceability.
Article 65 The drug supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院) shall establish national drug professional technical institutions in accordance with procedures. The drug supervision and management departments of the provincial people's governments (省级人民政府) may establish local drug professional technical institutions in accordance with procedures based on the local drug industry development and supervision and management needs. National drug professional technical institutions shall strengthen technical guidance to local drug professional technical institutions.
The drug supervision and management departments of the people's governments at or above the provincial level may designate qualified institutions to undertake relevant professional technical work as needed for drug supervision and management.
Article 66 Drug quality spot checks and inspections shall follow the principles of science, standardization, and impartiality.
The drug supervision and management department shall formulate and implement a drug quality spot check and inspection plan based on the needs of drug supervision and management.
During drug quality spot checks and inspections, drug sampling shall be carried out by two or more sampling personnel in accordance with the regulations of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院). The sampled unit shall cooperate with the sampling personnel in sampling. If the sampled unit fails to cooperate without justified reasons, the drug supervision and management department may order the sampled unit to suspend the sale and use of the sampled drugs.
Based on the needs of drug supervision and management, the drug supervision and management department may conduct spot checks and inspections on the quality of excipients and packaging materials and containers that come into direct contact with drugs.
Article 67 If a party has objections to the inspection results of a drug inspection institution, it may apply for re-inspection within 7 days from the date of receiving the drug inspection results.
When applying for re-inspection, the re-inspection and inspection fees shall be paid in advance to the re-inspection institution in accordance with regulations. If the re-inspection and inspection conclusion is inconsistent with the original inspection conclusion, the re-inspection and inspection fees shall be borne by the original drug inspection institution.
Re-inspection shall not be carried out for inspection items for which re-inspection is not allowed as stipulated in the national drug standards, or for other circumstances where re-inspection is not allowed as stipulated by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院).
Article 68 The drug quality spot check and inspection results announced by the drug supervision and management departments of the people's governments at or above the provincial level shall include the name of the sampled drug, the source of the sample, the indicated marketing authorization holder and manufacturer or the indicated medical institution, the product batch number, specifications, inspection institution, inspection basis, inspection conclusion, non-compliant items, and other information. If the announcement of the drug quality spot check and inspection results is inappropriate, the publishing department shall correct it within 5 working days from the date of confirming the inappropriateness within the scope of the original announcement.
Article 69 For drugs that may be adulterated or counterfeited, if the inspection items and inspection methods stipulated in the national drug standards and drug registration standards cannot be used for inspection, the drug inspection institution may use supplementary inspection items and inspection methods approved by the drug supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院) for inspection. The inspection results obtained using supplementary inspection items and inspection methods may be used as the basis for determining drug quality.
Article 70 If the drug supervision and management department takes risk control measures such as suspending production, sales, use, and import in accordance with the provisions of Article 99, Paragraph 3 of the Drug Administration Law, the marketing authorization holder, drug manufacturer, drug distributor, and medical institution shall make rectifications and eliminate safety hazards. If the drug supervision and management department assesses that it meets the relevant requirements, it shall lift the risk control measures that have been taken.
During the period when the drug supervision and management departments of the people's governments at or above the provincial level take the risk control measures stipulated in the preceding paragraph, advertisements for the relevant drugs shall not be published; if they have already been published, they shall be stopped immediately.
Article 71 The following circumstances shall be deemed as counterfeit drugs as stipulated in Article 98, Paragraph 2, Item 2 of the Drug Administration Law:
(1) Substances that do not have disease prevention, treatment, or diagnostic functions, or substances with unknown ingredients, are claimed to have disease prevention, treatment, or diagnostic functions on labels and instructions, and are used to impersonate drugs;
(2) Using the names or approval numbers of other drugs, and indicating indications or functions that are not possessed on labels and instructions;
(3) The drug ingredients are inconsistent with the ingredients indicated on the labels and instructions;
(4) Indicating false drug approval numbers and drug marketing authorization holders;
(5) Other circumstances in which non-drugs are used to impersonate drugs or other drugs are used to impersonate this type of drug.
Article 72 It is not necessary to conduct drug inspection to determine counterfeit drugs in accordance with the provisions of Article 98, Paragraph 2, Item 4 of the Drug Administration Law, and to determine substandard drugs in accordance with the provisions of Article 98, Paragraph 3, Items 3 to 5 of the Drug Administration Law. Drug inspection shall be conducted to determine counterfeit or substandard drugs in accordance with other provisions of Article 98, Paragraphs 2 and 3 of the Drug Administration Law; however, drug inspection may not be conducted if evidence such as the purchase and use records of raw materials and excipients can fully prove that they are counterfeit or substandard drugs.
Article 73 The unit where a drug safety incident occurs shall immediately take measures to prevent the expansion of the hazard and immediately report it to the drug supervision and management department of the county-level people's government (县级人民政府) where the incident occurred.
If a medical institution discovers a drug safety incident, it shall immediately report it to the drug supervision and management department of the county-level people's government (县级人民政府) and the health and health authority where the incident occurred.
After receiving the report, the drug supervision and management department shall immediately report it to the people's government at the same level and the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at the next higher level in accordance with regulations.
The people's governments at or above the county level shall organize and carry out response work in accordance with the drug safety incident emergency plan.
Article 74 The state strengthens drug reserves and implements central and local two-level reserves. The specific measures shall be formulated by the competent department of industry and information technology of the State Council (国务院) in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council.
Article 75 The health and health authority of the State Council (国务院) shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments of the State Council, formulate national drug policies and the national essential drug system, and improve the management mechanism of the national essential drug list.
Article 76 The market supervision and management department shall strengthen anti-monopoly and anti-unfair competition supervision and management in drug production and operation, investigate and deal with monopoly and unfair competition illegal acts in accordance with the law, and maintain a fair competition order.
Article 77 If the drug supervision and management and other departments discover clues of suspected duty violations or duty crimes by public officials in supervision and management, they shall promptly transfer them to the supervisory authority.
Article 78 Fees may be charged for drug registration, implementation of drug registration inspection and mandatory inspection. The specific charging items and charging standards shall be formulated by the finance department of the State Council (国务院) and the development and reform department of the State Council in accordance with relevant national regulations.
Chapter VIII Legal Liability
Article 79 In any of the following circumstances, the drug supervision and management department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall order a correction within a time limit, confiscate the illegally produced or sold drugs and illegal income, and impose a fine of not less than 10 times but not more than 20 times the value of the illegally produced or sold drugs. If the value of the illegally produced or wholesale drugs is less than 100,000 yuan, it shall be calculated as 100,000 yuan; if the value of the illegally retailed drugs is less than 10,000 yuan, it shall be calculated as 10,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, it shall also order the suspension of production and business for rectification until the drug production license and drug business license are revoked by the original issuing department:
(1) The marketing authorization holder sells commercial-scale batches of products produced before obtaining the drug approval document in violation of the provisions of Article 36 of these Regulations;
(2) Chinese herbal medicine decoction piece production enterprises entrust the preparation of Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces or Chinese herbal formula granule production enterprises entrust the production of Chinese herbal formula granules;
(3) Drug distribution enterprises operate Chinese herbal formula granules and medical institution preparations;
(4) Selling drugs through the Internet in violation of the provisions of Article 46 of these Regulations.
Article 80 In any of the following circumstances, the drug supervision and management department of the provincial people's government (省级人民政府) shall order a correction within a time limit and give a warning; if the correction is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed:
(1) Chinese herbal medicine decoction piece production enterprises and Chinese herbal formula granule production enterprises sell Chinese herbal medicine decoction pieces and Chinese herbal formula granules across provincial administrative regions without filing in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 3 of Article 39 and Paragraph 4 of Article 40 of these Regulations;
(2) Chinese herbal formula granule production enterprises produce Chinese herbal formula granules without filing in accordance with the provisions of Paragraph 1 of Article 40 of these Regulations.
Article 81 If a medical institution uses preparations prepared by other medical institutions without approval, it shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of Articles 129 and 139 of the Drug Administration Law.
If a medical institution has any of the following circumstances, the drug supervision and management department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall order a correction within a time limit; if the correction is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 10,000 yuan but not more than 100,000 yuan shall be imposed:
(1) Failing to formulate and implement management systems such as drug purchase inspection and acceptance, storage, and use in accordance with regulations;
(2) Failing to take measures or report when discovering quality problems with the purchased or used drugs in accordance with regulations.
Article 82 Applying for qualifications for drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institutions, drug clinical trial permits, drug production licenses, drug distribution licenses, medical institution preparation licenses, drug registration, and other licenses, providing false certificates, data, materials, samples, or taking other deceptive means, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the county level shall not accept or approve it, shall not accept its corresponding application within 10 years, and shall impose a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 5 million yuan; if the circumstances are serious, the legal representative, principal person in charge, directly responsible person in charge, and other responsible personnel shall also be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan, and shall be prohibited from engaging in drug production and business activities for 10 years.
If the false certificates, data, materials, and samples submitted by the applicant are forged or fabricated by a drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institution, a drug clinical trial institution, or other institutions that accept entrustment to carry out drug research and development-related activities, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the provincial level shall punish the drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institution, drug clinical trial institution, or other institutions that accept entrustment to carry out drug research and development-related activities in accordance with the provisions of Article 126 of the Drug Administration Law.
Article 83 If a drug clinical trial institution that has completed the filing does not meet the filing conditions, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the provincial level shall order a correction within a time limit; if it still does not meet the filing conditions after the time limit, the filing of the relevant drug clinical trial specialty or the filing of the drug clinical trial institution shall be cancelled, and it shall be prohibited from carrying out relevant professional drug clinical trials or prohibited from carrying out drug clinical trials for 1 year.
If false certificates are provided when filing for a drug clinical trial institution, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the provincial level shall cancel the filing of the relevant drug clinical trial specialty or the filing of the drug clinical trial institution, prohibit it from carrying out relevant professional drug clinical trials or prohibit it from carrying out drug clinical trials for 3 years, confiscate the illegal income, and impose a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan, and the relevant clinical trial data shall not be used to apply for drug registration.
Article 84 If a third-party platform provider for drug online transactions fails to establish and improve a drug online sales quality management system in accordance with regulations, the drug supervision and management department of the provincial people's government (省级人民政府) shall order a correction within a time limit and give a warning; if the correction is not made within the time limit, a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 2 million yuan shall be imposed.
If a third-party platform provider for drug online transactions, a marketing authorization holder, or a drug distribution enterprise provides information display, link jumps, and other services for other third-party platform providers for drug online transactions, marketing authorization holders, and drug distribution enterprises to sell drugs through the Internet, in violation of the regulations of the drug supervision and management department of the State Council (国务院), the drug supervision and management department of the provincial people's government (省级人民政府) shall order a correction within a time limit and give a warning; if the correction is not made within the time limit, the illegal income shall be confiscated and a fine of not less than 100,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan shall be imposed; if the circumstances are serious, the illegal income shall be confiscated and a fine of not less than 500,000 yuan but not more than 2 million yuan shall be imposed.
Article 85 Refusing to implement the risk control measures such as suspending production, sales, use, and import taken by the drug supervision and management department in accordance with the law, the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the county level shall impose a fine of not less than 5 times but not more than 10 times the value of the illegally produced, sold, used, or imported drugs, and if the value is less than 10,000 yuan, it shall be calculated as 10,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, it shall also order the suspension of production and business for rectification until the drug approval document, drug production license, drug distribution license, and medical institution preparation license are revoked by the original issuing department, and the legal representative, principal person in charge, directly responsible person in charge, and other responsible personnel shall be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan.
Article 85: Whoever refuses to implement risk control measures such as suspension of production, sale, use, or import of drugs taken by the drug supervision and management department in accordance with the law shall be fined not less than 5 times but not more than 10 times the value of the drugs illegally produced, sold, used, or imported by the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the county level. If the value of the goods is less than 10,000 yuan, it shall be calculated as 10,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, it shall also be ordered to suspend production and business for rectification until the original certificate issuing department revokes the drug approval certificate, drug production license, drug business license, and medical institution preparation license, and the legal representative, principal person in charge, the person in charge directly responsible, and other responsible persons shall be fined not less than 20,000 yuan but not more than 200,000 yuan.
Whoever violates the Drug Administration Law, the Vaccine Administration Law, and the provisions of these Regulations by refusing or obstructing supervision and inspection shall be ordered by the drug supervision and management department of the people's government at or above the county level to make corrections within a time limit and shall be fined not more than 50,000 yuan; if the circumstances are serious, it shall be ordered to suspend production and business for rectification.
Article 86: If a drug business enterprise or medical institution has fulfilled the obligations of incoming goods inspection and acceptance stipulated in the Drug Administration Law, the Vaccine Administration Law, and these Regulations, and there is sufficient evidence to prove that it did not know that the drugs it sold or used were counterfeit or substandard drugs, it shall be exempted from punishment, but the counterfeit or substandard drugs it sold or used shall be confiscated; if personal, property, or other damages are caused, it shall bear compensation liability in accordance with the law.
Article 87: If the drug supervision and management department and its staff violate the provisions of these Regulations by divulging undisclosed test data or other data of the drug marketing authorization holder, causing losses to the drug marketing authorization holder, the drug supervision and management department shall bear compensation liability in accordance with the law; after the drug supervision and management department compensates for the losses, it shall order the staff who intentionally or with gross negligence to bear part or all of the compensation costs, and shall give disciplinary sanctions to the responsible leaders and directly responsible persons in accordance with the law.
Chapter IX: Supplementary Provisions
Article 88: The time required for drug registration review and evaluation, as well as the time required for technical review involved in the application for qualification of drug non-clinical safety evaluation research institutions, drug production license application, drug business license application, and medical institution preparation license application review, shall not be included in the time limit for the drug supervision and management department to implement administrative licenses.
Article 89: These Regulations shall come into force on May 15, 2026.
(Xinhua News Agency) (新华社)
Return to TopIn March, the domestic auto market gradually became active, and major segments ushered in a new round of product launch boom. On March 17, Buick's first pure electric MPV, the GL8 Avenir (至境世家) Pure Electric Edition, was launched, introducing the Pure Electric Luxury Edition model with an official guide price of 489,900 yuan. Relying on Buick's 27 years of experience in the MPV market, the GL8 Avenir Pure Electric Edition integrates Buick's high-end manufacturing experience and new energy technology achievements, positioning itself as a "luxury pure electric MPV" to provide diversified travel options for family users.
Deep Cultivation of the Market, 厚积薄发 (hòu jī bó fā - "accumulate richly, burst forth," great accumulation leads to great results; to save up for a rainy day).
In the MPV market, product quality, reputation, and brand accumulation are important considerations for consumers when ordering cars. Relying on the rich experience and profound technology accumulated by the Buick brand in the domestic MPV market for 27 years, the GL8 Avenir Pure Electric Edition deeply integrates high-end quality, comfortable experience, intelligent technology, and advanced electric technology to accurately meet the needs of the segmented market.
The GL8 Avenir Pure Electric Edition is based on Buick's "逍遥 (Xiaoyao)" super fusion architecture, continuing the brand's understanding of space layout and riding comfort. The new car's exterior adopts the "Land Bay Stream" design language and adds a new "matte gray" two-tone paint finish, using a 12-layer painting process for a more textured visual effect. Thanks to the streamlined body design, the new model has a drag coefficient (Cd) as low as 0.258, which helps improve range performance and driving quietness.
The new model's cabin adopts a floating surround design, which combines a sense of technology and design. The entire series comes standard with the Qualcomm Snapdragon 8775 intelligent cabin chip, providing computing power for the 8-screen linkage: the central control area is equipped with a 12.6-inch full LCD instrument panel and a 16.9-inch floating touch screen, the co-driver is equipped with an independent entertainment screen, and the rear row is equipped with dual second-row armrest touch screens and a top-mounted smart screen to achieve smooth flow of information throughout the cabin. The AR-HUD augmented reality head-up display system can project a 70-inch virtual screen, organically combining navigation information with real-world roads, and with the millisecond-level response of the voice assistant "Buick Xiao E (别克小E)", it reduces the driver's line of sight deviation and helps improve driving safety.
In terms of healthy cabins, the GL8 Avenir Pure Electric Edition uses antibacterial fabrics and is equipped with an AQS air quality control system and a negative ion generator to build a "five-dimensional health protection system" to ensure air quality and material safety in the car.
The seat system is one of the highlights of the new model's experience. The GL8 Avenir Pure Electric Edition is equipped with zero-gravity seats covered in NAPPA leather, supports 16-way electric adjustment, and has built-in pneumatic massage, heating, and ventilation functions. The second-row seats are equipped with electric leg rests and a one-button rest mode to provide a comfortable riding experience for long-distance travel.
Technological Breakthroughs, Responding to Needs
In terms of intelligent assisted driving, the GL8 Avenir Pure Electric Edition is equipped with the "逍遥 (Xiaoyao)" intelligent driving high-level assisted driving system, which is built based on the world's leading Momenta R6 reinforcement learning large model, supports breakpoint-free city NOA navigation assistance and full-scene parking assistance functions, and can easily cope with narrow road cruising, lane changes, ramp merging, traffic light recognition start and stop, U-shaped road U-turns and other scenarios, and can pass through roundabouts, tidal lanes and other complex road sections, and has the ability to identify restricted lanes and negotiate traffic in congested urban road conditions.
In response to the energy replenishment problems that pure electric users are generally concerned about, the 900V 6C ultra-fast charging battery equipped in the GL8 Avenir Pure Electric Edition has a peak charging power of 640 kilowatts and can complete 10% to 80% of the energy replenishment in just 11.5 minutes, effectively alleviating energy replenishment anxiety. In terms of range, the new car has a comprehensive range of 601 kilometers under CLTC (China Light-duty Vehicle Test Cycle) conditions, which can meet the needs of daily commuting and long-distance travel.
In terms of battery safety, the new model adopts the Ultium battery platform, which has achieved a record of 3.6 billion kilometers of driving with 0 spontaneous combustion. The battery pack adopts a "9 vertical and 5 horizontal" structural protection design, combined with multi-faceted liquid cooling technology, which can achieve thermal runaway without fire or spread under extreme conditions, improving the safety of the entire vehicle.
Rights and Guarantees, Full of Sincerity
While carefully crafting products and services, Buick has simultaneously launched a number of car purchase rights to lower the threshold for users to purchase cars and enhance the sense of security in using cars.
During the launch of the new car, Buick launched a "limited-time gift" worth 62,000 yuan, covering financial packages, charging services, maintenance, and other content. At the same time, SAIC-GM (上汽通用) brand car owners can enjoy a maximum of 20,000 yuan in repurchase or replacement subsidies.
In response to users' concerns about vehicle value preservation and accidental losses, the GL8 Avenir Pure Electric Edition is applicable to Buick MPV's entire "Golden Stone Agreement (金石之约)" service commitment: within 30 days of purchasing a new car, non-operating car owners can enjoy a special offer of 4,999 yuan to purchase rights; if a single vehicle damage exceeding 30% of the car purchase invoice price occurs within 3 years, they can enjoy free replacement services.
As competition in the high-end pure electric MPV market intensifies, consumers' focus on products is shifting from single configuration to comprehensive value. Based on brand accumulation, the Buick GL8 Avenir Pure Electric Edition continues to optimize product strength around energy replenishment efficiency, intelligent experience, cabin comfort, and safety guarantees, striving to provide consumers with a pure electric flagship model with balanced comprehensive performance, and striving to become a pragmatic choice in the high-end pure electric MPV market.
Data source: SAIC-GM (上汽通用)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 刘文璋
This year marks the 15th anniversary of the "3·11" Great East Japan Earthquake and the Fukushima nuclear accident. Over the past 15 years, the trauma caused by this extraordinary disaster has not yet healed, and the aftermath of the Fukushima nuclear accident is still progressing slowly. The decommissioning work at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant has been repeatedly delayed, and the final disposal plan for nuclear-contaminated soil remains unresolved; a large number of affected people are still evacuated throughout Japan (日本), unable to return to their homeland; the overall reconstruction progress in the earthquake-stricken areas is severely lagging behind, and various livelihood and development problems are intertwined... Recently, several Japanese (日本) civil groups have held successive protest rallies, criticizing the Japanese (日本) government and the Tokyo Electric Power Company (东京电力公司), the operator of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, for disregarding the basic rights and interests of earthquake victims and nuclear accident victims, ignoring the difficult living conditions of evacuees, and calling on relevant parties to earnestly face the long-term negative impacts of the nuclear accident and fundamentally improve the disaster victims' livelihood security system.
The disposal of nuclear debris and nuclear-contaminated soil has been in a long-term stalemate.
On March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9.0 earthquake occurred in the sea near Fukushima Prefecture (福岛县), Japan (日本), which triggered a tsunami, leading to the meltdown of Units 1 to 3 of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, a large amount of radioactive material leakage, and one of the world's most serious nuclear accidents. Recently, a protest rally with the theme "Don't Forget Fukushima! The Nuclear Accident is Far From Over!" was held in Yoyogi Park (代代木公园) in Tokyo (东京), gathering more than 8,000 people from civil groups, experts, scholars, and Fukushima (福岛) nuclear accident victims from all over Japan (日本) to speak out.
Tomoyaki Kobayakawa (小早川智明), President of Tokyo Electric Power Company (东京电力公司), recently stated that safely and reliably promoting the decommissioning work of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant is an important prerequisite for local post-disaster reconstruction. However, judging from the actual progress, the removal of nuclear debris is stagnant, the final disposal plan for contaminated soil has not been determined, and some high-radiation areas still do not have livable conditions. In the Fukushima (福岛) nuclear accident, as much as 880 tons of nuclear debris were generated due to the complete meltdown of nuclear fuel rods. Currently, Tokyo Electric Power Company (东京电力公司) has only completed two rounds of experimental removal operations of nuclear debris, with a cumulative removal of only 0.9 grams. Japanese (日本) industry experts conservatively estimate that it may take as long as 170 years to completely clean up this batch of nuclear debris.
Shunji Matsuoka (松冈俊二), a professor at Waseda University (早稻田大学), clearly stated that the goal proposed by the Japanese (日本) government and Tokyo Electric Power Company (东京电力公司) to "complete the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant by 2051" completely lacks realistic feasibility, and the overall progress of the nuclear accident aftermath disposal has fallen far behind the roadmap originally set by the Japanese (日本) government. Chikara Indate (引地力男), the executive director of the "Fukushima Without Nuclear Power Plants" Prefectural Assembly (‘没有核电站的福岛’县民大集会) Executive Committee, stated that the progress of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident aftermath work is severely lagging behind, the large-scale nuclear debris removal plan will not be launched until the mid-to-late 2030s at the earliest, the entire nuclear power plant decommissioning project has an extremely long cycle, and there is still no clear final completion picture, so the disaster victims and local people cannot see the hope of the aftermath ending.
The disposal of nuclear-contaminated soil generated after the Fukushima (福岛) nuclear accident has also fallen into a long-term stalemate. As of February 2026, the total amount of nuclear-contaminated soil generated by the Fukushima (福岛) nuclear accident is approximately 14.24 million cubic meters. According to current Japanese (日本) laws and regulations, all of this nuclear-contaminated soil must be transported out of Fukushima Prefecture (福岛县) before 2045 to complete the final harmless disposal. However, according to a recent questionnaire survey conducted by Kyodo News (共同社), none of the governors of all prefectures in Japan (日本) are willing to accept this batch of nuclear-contaminated soil, and the disposal work has completely stalled.
Tens of thousands of disaster victims are homeless and lack sufficient livelihood security.
After the Fukushima (福岛) nuclear accident, the area within a 20-kilometer radius of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant was urgently designated as a "restricted area," and approximately 154,000 local residents were forced to leave their homes and evacuate to temporary settlements throughout Japan (日本). The latest data released by the Japanese (日本) government shows that a total of 309 square kilometers of area in 7 municipalities under the jurisdiction of Fukushima Prefecture (福岛县) are still designated as "difficult-to-return areas," and approximately 26,000 disaster victims are in a state of evacuation, drifting in foreign lands.
At the protest rally, Suzuki (铃木), a member of the "Liaison Council of Nuclear Power Plant Accident Victims Groups" (核电站事故被害者团体联络会), told reporters that the Japanese (日本) government has a clear absence in long-term support and security after the disaster, and the living support policies for evacuees have been gradually reduced in recent years, and some housing subsidies for evacuees have been discontinued. What is even more unreasonable is that some core support policies take "returning to the original place of residence" as a necessary prerequisite, which is extremely unfair to disaster victims who choose to settle in other places, further exacerbating the living difficulties of this group of people. Kohei Kasaya (笠谷航平), a local resident who participated in the rally, told reporters that the Japanese (日本) government and Tokyo Electric Power Company (东京电力公司) have failed to provide continuous, stable, and sufficient livelihood security for disaster victims who have lost their original living environment due to the nuclear accident, and some residents who had lived in evacuation housing were even forcibly required to move out, and had no choice but to maintain their legitimate rights and interests through legal channels.
The Japanese (日本) government once implemented a special "watch and help project" for disaster victims, arranging special counselors to visit residents of disaster public housing in a circular manner to provide life and psychological assistance. However, according to a report by the Asahi Shimbun (朝日新闻), due to the cessation of special funding appropriations by the Japanese (日本) central government, as of March of this year, 15 municipalities in Iwate (岩手) and Miyagi (宫城) prefectures have announced the end or plan to terminate the project.
Long-term displacement has caused a large number of disaster victims to face continuous and severe challenges in terms of life reconstruction and psychological recovery. A special survey recently released by the Disaster Resilience Research Center of Ritsumeikan University (立命馆大学) shows that among 482 Fukushima (福岛) nuclear accident victims surveyed, more than half said that their current life is "very difficult" or "relatively difficult," 36.4% of respondents said they often or always feel lonely, and about 50% of respondents have varying degrees of mental health risks, and psychological trauma is difficult to heal. Professor Fuminori Tanba (丹波史纪) of Ritsumeikan University (立命馆大学), who presided over the survey, analyzed that after the nuclear accident, many residents were forced to evacuate and relocate multiple times, and problems such as family separation and employment difficulties became increasingly prominent. In the years after the disaster, the unemployment rate of the working-age population was still significantly higher than the pre-disaster level.
Oga (大贺), a resident of Fukushima (福岛), originally lived in an area about 7 kilometers away from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. After the nuclear accident, he was forced to evacuate to another place and has now settled in Niigata Prefecture (新潟县). He frankly told reporters that even though life in Niigata (新潟) has gradually stabilized, the psychological shadow brought by the nuclear accident is still difficult to eliminate, and the regret of not being able to return to his homeland always lingers in his mind.
Highlighting livelihood trauma, trust collapse, and governance shortcomings.
Futaba Town (双叶町) in Fukushima Prefecture (福岛县), where the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant is located, had more than 7,000 residents before the nuclear accident. Today, 85% of the area is designated as a "difficult-to-return area," and only about 200 people have returned to live there. The once-livable town is desolate and deserted, and a news program on Japan's TBS television bluntly stated that "this is the cruel reality of Fukushima (福岛) disaster area reconstruction."
The infrastructure and public services in some disaster areas of Fukushima (福岛) are still recovering slowly, and there are many problems in disaster victim resettlement, community reconstruction, and long-term livelihood security. Harue Sampei (三瓶春江), a resident of the Tsushima (津岛) area of Namie Town (浪江町) in Fukushima Prefecture (福岛县), said that the Japanese (日本) government is blindly promoting the return of disaster victims, but has been slow to repair and improve local basic living facilities. The area where he lives has no post office, convenience store, gas station, or other facilities, and the living conditions after returning are very difficult, and there is no basis for long-term living.
A joint public opinion poll recently released by the Fukushima Minpo (福岛民报) and Fukushima Television (福岛电视台) showed that the people of Fukushima Prefecture (福岛县) have extremely low recognition of the Japanese (日本) government's post-disaster reconstruction work. Only 8.5% of respondents believe that there has been substantial progress in the work of returning disaster victims to their homes, 7.5% believe that there has been progress in issues related to the disposal of nuclear-contaminated soil, and 5.8% believe that the revitalization of local agriculture, forestry, and fisheries has been successful. The vast majority of people believe that the reconstruction work is a mere formality and has not solved the core problems. Taku Kanno (菅野拓), an associate professor at Osaka Metropolitan University (大阪公立大学), said that the Japanese (日本) government's support and security for disaster victims still has obvious shortcomings and inadequacies. The living environment level of some shelters is far below international standards, and many shelters still adopt a collective living model with bedding on the floor, and the conditions are very simple.
The health hazards of the nuclear accident to local people continue to appear. After the Fukushima (福岛) nuclear accident, the cumulative number of confirmed and suspected cases of thyroid cancer in children in Fukushima Prefecture (福岛县) has exceeded 400, which is much higher than the incidence of thyroid cancer in children in other regions of Japan (日本). Koshiro Sato (佐藤光士郎), a student volunteer from the Japanese (日本) civil group "311 Thyroid Cancer Children Support Network" (311甲状腺癌儿童支援网络), said that the Japanese (日本) government and Tokyo Electric Power Company (东京电力公司) have always deliberately avoided responsibility, and some children who have contracted thyroid cancer due to the nuclear accident are under tremendous physical and mental pressure, and their health rights and reasonable demands have been neglected for a long time.
As Japanese (日本) media pointed out, the livelihood trauma, trust collapse, and governance shortcomings highlighted by the nuclear accident have long exceeded the scope of simple post-disaster reconstruction and have become long-term issues that Japanese (日本) society must face squarely.
(Reported from Tokyo (东京) on March 19 by this newspaper)
Return to TopBy: 颜 欢
Recently, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez's (佩德罗·桑切斯) speech about "no to war" has caused a huge wave in international public opinion. In response to the escalation of military conflict in the Middle East, Sánchez emphasized respect for international law, opposed the use of force to resolve disputes, and called for diplomatic means to ease the conflict, stating that the Spanish government's position is "clear and consistent," namely, "no to war."
Netizens on social media have applauded this, but in the narrative inertia of some people's "transatlantic consensus," Spain's expression of "no to war" seems somewhat "abrupt." Some Western media have given a familiar interpretation: Spain is "isolated and helpless" in Europe. Sánchez's response to this statement was: "We are not isolated, we are just the first."
Two years ago, Spain also chose to be "the first." In 2024, when Spain, Ireland, and Norway took the lead in announcing their recognition of the State of Palestine, some Western voices similarly asserted that it was "rash" and "isolated." But subsequently, the European political atmosphere changed. In September of last year, France, Belgium, Monaco, Luxembourg, Malta, Andorra, and other countries announced their formal recognition of the State of Palestine. The initial so-called "isolation" ultimately proved to be just a "time difference" in perception.
Why is "no to war" the Spanish government's "clear and consistent" position?
From the perspective of domestic consensus, Spanish society has always had a distinct reflective color regarding war. The Spanish people's memory of war is too painful. The Spanish Civil War in the 20th century and the subsequent decades of Franco's (弗朗哥) dictatorship left deep wounds on Spanish society. In 2003, Spain followed the United States in sending troops to Iraq, and millions of people took to the streets to oppose participation in the war. In 2004, 911 days after the "9/11" attacks, a series of explosions occurred on the suburban railway in Madrid, ultimately causing 193 deaths and over 2,000 injuries, which were confirmed to be caused by al-Qaeda in retaliation for Spain's participation in the Iraq War. This painful memory is rooted in the hearts of the Spanish people and has profoundly influenced the Spanish political ecology, enabling Spanish society to maintain a strong consensus on anti-war issues for a long time.
From the perspective of the international environment, Spain's geographical location determines that it cannot stand idly by the turmoil in the Middle East. Spain is an important gateway to the Atlantic and Mediterranean channels. Once the situation in the Middle East gets out of control, the pressure of shipping safety, trade, and even refugee issues will quickly be transmitted to Spain. Therefore, in its foreign relations, Spain positions itself as a mediator and connector. "Peace and development" is not just a slogan for Spain, it is a rigid demand.
One detail is worth noting: Although other European countries avoid giving Spain explicit support at the level of public statements, there are also very few voices publicly supporting US-Israeli military operations. Most European countries emphasize diplomatic solutions, avoiding escalation of the situation, and even eager to disassociate themselves. Portugal stated that it "did not participate, did not support, and was not informed" of the relevant military operations, the United Kingdom emphasized that it "will not participate in offensive strikes," and France criticized the US-Israeli actions as "deviating from the framework of international law"... It is clear that the style of transatlantic relations has changed.
What is the reason? Since last year, the United States has unreservedly reshaped its policy towards Europe with "America First" as its axis. After experiencing a series of operations initiated by the United States, such as military spending apportionment, tariff threats, and the desire to seize Greenland, Europe has realized that the so-called "ally" status does not prevent Europe from being placed on the table of hegemony.
What's more, from Afghanistan and Iraq to Libya and Syria, Europe's experience as a "follower" over the past 20 years shows that it is easy to start a war but difficult to end it, and what is left behind is a "mess," and participants will suffer damage. More and more European countries realize that force will only create new instability. Once order collapses, no country can be immune. As European Council President Charles Michel (科斯塔) called for, the role of the United Nations is irreplaceable because it is "the only platform with universal legitimacy."
Looking back at Sánchez's statement that "not isolated," it is not difficult to understand its meaning. The side that adheres to peace has never been truly isolated.
Return to TopIran Launches "True Promise-4" Sixty-Fourth Wave of Offensive
Xinhua News Agency, Tehran, March 19th (Xinhua) – The Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队) issued a statement on social media on the 19th, stating that since the early hours of the day, the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队) has launched the sixty-fourth wave of the "True Promise-4" operation against central and northern Israel.
The statement said that the targets included Ben Gurion Airport (本—古里安机场) in Israel, major combat and logistics assembly areas, fuel supply facilities, and troop assembly areas and oil refineries in the Haifa (海法) area. The attacks used various missiles such as "Ghadr (卡德尔)," "Emad (伊马德)," and "Khorramshahr (霍拉姆沙赫尔)."
The statement also said that the U.S. Navy Fifth Fleet (美国海军第五舰队) was also precisely struck by its missiles, and emphasized that the operation is still ongoing.
EU Official: Lack of International Legal Basis for the Use of Force Against Iran
Xinhua News Agency, Brussels, March 19th (Reporters Zhang Zhaoqing (张兆卿) and Ding Yinghua (丁英华)) – EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Josep Borrell (卡拉斯), said on the 19th that the EU has no intention of extending its escort operation in the Red Sea to the Strait of Hormuz, and believes that there is a lack of international legal basis for the use of force against Iran, and EU member states have no intention of getting involved in this war.
Borrell (卡拉斯) said that the EU Foreign Ministers' meeting on the 16th discussed the EU ships' existing actions to ensure safe passage in the Red Sea and exchanged views on whether to extend the scope of relevant actions to the Strait of Hormuz. He said that the foreign ministers of the member states did not have this intention, because the relevant parties did not consult the EU on taking military action against Iran, and it was not clear what the goal of this war was.
Borrell (卡拉斯) said that according to international law, the use of force should usually be based on the need for self-defense or authorization by the United Nations Security Council, but the current use of force against Iran does not meet the above conditions. EU member states "have no interest in getting involved in this war."
Anutin Charnvirakul (阿努廷·参威拉军) Re-elected as Prime Minister of Thailand
Xinhua News Agency, Bangkok, March 19th (Reporters Lin Shuting (林淑婷) and Chang Tiantong (常天童)) – The Thai House of Representatives convened a meeting on the 19th to elect the Prime Minister. Anutin Charnvirakul (阿努廷·参威拉军), the Prime Ministerial candidate nominated by the Bhumjaithai Party (自豪泰党), received 293 votes and was re-elected as the Prime Minister of Thailand.
The meeting began at 10:00 local time. The Bhumjaithai Party (自豪泰党) and the Palang Pracharath Party (人民党) respectively nominated their party leaders Anutin (阿努廷) and Nattaphon (那塔蓬) as Prime Ministerial candidates. A candidate who obtains the support of more than half of the 499 members of the House of Representatives can be elected.
U.S. Expands List of Countries Requiring Visa Bonds to 50
Xinhua News Agency, Washington, March 18th (Reporters Yang Ling (杨伶) and Xiong Maoling (熊茂伶)) – The U.S. Department of State said in a press release on its website on the 18th that the U.S. will expand the list of countries requiring visa applicants to pay a maximum bond of $15,000 to 50 countries.
The press release said that the bond requirement for the newly added countries will take effect on April 2nd. The 12 countries newly added to the list include Cambodia (柬埔寨), Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚), Georgia (格鲁吉亚), Grenada (格林纳达), Lesotho (莱索托), Mauritius (毛里求斯), Mongolia (蒙古国), Mozambique (莫桑比克), Nicaragua (尼加拉瓜), Papua New Guinea (巴布亚新几内亚), Seychelles (塞舌尔), and Tunisia (突尼斯). Previously, 38 countries had been added to the list.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 郑 彬
Recently, the three major operators in Italy, Telecom Italia, Fastweb, and Vodafone, reached a preliminary agreement on 5G network sharing, planning to build 15,500 new signal base stations by the end of 2028, focusing on covering towns with a population of less than 35,000, and focusing on solving the problem of weak signal coverage in remote areas. Currently, Italy is relying on its geographical advantage in the center of the Mediterranean to fully build an important data hub connecting Europe, Africa, and the transatlantic region. Analysts believe that this move will help Italy make up for its shortcomings in digital development and improve the level of regional interconnection.
In recent years, the development potential of Italy's digital economy has continued to be released. According to predictions from the data statistics platform Statista, from 2024 to 2027, the market size of Italy's digital economy will increase from 81.6 billion euros to 91.7 billion euros. By 2029, the total number of e-commerce users in the country is expected to reach 25.2 million, achieving continuous growth for nine years. Digital infrastructure has become an important support for driving Italy's economic development. More than 40% of the public believe that developing digital infrastructure helps to narrow regional gaps and build an interconnected and efficient social form. This field has also become one of the priority directions for infrastructure investment in Italy. The Polytechnic University of Milan (米兰理工大学) Research Center predicts that from 2025 to 2026, investment in Italy's data center field will reach 1 billion euros, doubling compared to the previous two years.
In order to solve the problems of unbalanced north-south development and insufficient infrastructure supply, the Italian government has introduced a series of policies to coordinate and promote digital transformation. In the Economic Recovery and Resilience Plan launched in 2021, 25.1% of the EU Recovery Fund is used for digital construction, focusing on supporting 5G ultra-high-speed broadband network construction, cloud computing infrastructure construction, and digital public management projects, of which the total investment in 5G and ultra-high-speed broadband networks reaches 6.7 billion euros. Since 2022, the country has successively launched 5G infrastructure construction projects and broadband network development strategies. In addition to the 5G sharing cooperation of the three major operators, local companies also provide high-speed network services for areas not covered by fiber optics through technological innovation, helping to achieve the goal of 5G coverage nationwide and 1Gbps network access in remote areas by 2026.
In order to ensure the steady progress of digital infrastructure, the Italian government is simultaneously strengthening energy and institutional support. In October 2025, the Italian government approved the draft nuclear energy restart bill, planning to build small modular reactors to meet the energy needs of the digital economy. The relevant legislative process is expected to be completed by the end of 2027. At the same time, the government actively adjusts and adapts relevant laws and regulations to create a stable and convenient business environment for investors at home and abroad. It also helps small and medium-sized enterprises integrate into the digital transformation process by setting up digital innovation centers and providing special preferential loans.
In the layout of key areas, Italy continues to focus on data center construction and digital public services. In 2023, the country's data center market size reached 3 billion US dollars, and the facility scale in the Lombardy region (伦巴第大区) accounted for 46% of the country, gradually rising to become a European data center strategic hub. Telecom Italia (意大利电信) has also invested 130 million euros to build a new data center, which is expected to be put into use by the end of 2026. BlackRock Group (贝莱德集团) of the United States is communicating with the Italian side to promote cooperation in big data centers and energy supporting projects. The two sides also plan to expand the infrastructure layout related to artificial intelligence based on joint funds. At the same time, the government is promoting a "cloud-first" strategy to promote the comprehensive transformation of public services to cloud technology. Through the "Digital Italy 2026" plan, it clarifies the goal of striving for 70% of citizens to hold electronic identity cards and 80% of public services to be digitized. Currently, more than 1/5 of Italian cities have launched smart city projects, optimizing transportation and people's livelihood services through digital platforms.
Adolfo Urso (乌尔索), the Italian Minister of Enterprises and Made in Italy (意大利企业与“意大利制造”部部长), said that relying on the geographical advantages of connecting approximately 800 million consumers in Asia, Africa, and Europe, and all-round guarantees, Italy is accelerating its transformation into a cross-regional data hub, and will continue to promote the deep integration of digital and green transformation in the future.
(Reported from Rome (罗马) on March 19)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 莽九晨
The recently released 2026 academic year enrollment data from Tongduk Women's University (韩国同德女子大学) in South Korea shows a significant decline in enrollment, with regular admission applications decreasing by 1,607 compared to the previous year and early admission applications decreasing by 6,517. This situation is not an isolated case. Recently, several local universities in South Korea have been facing operational difficulties due to consistently insufficient enrollment. Because government financial subsidies, operating qualifications, and enrollment quotas for local universities in South Korea are directly linked to the size of the student body, ensuring a certain number of students allows them to obtain more financial funding, maintain their operating licenses, and avoid being ordered to rectify or shut down due to failing to meet enrollment standards. To maintain operations, some universities have fostered illegal and chaotic phenomena such as "ghost students," which has aroused widespread concern from all sectors of South Korean society.
According to a report by the Chosun Ilbo (朝鲜日报) of South Korea, a university on Jeju Island (济州岛) was recently exposed for "ghost student" violations. The school nominally enrolled 1,480 students in 2025, but only 205 students were actually enrolled, with a large number of enrollment slots occupied by people who were "nominally registered but actually absent." Similar chaos has occurred repeatedly in many parts of South Korea, with some universities disguising students who had withdrawn as new students, relatives of faculty and staff using false names to enroll, and mass registering middle-aged and elderly people to fill enrollment gaps being exposed one after another. A university professor was placed under police investigation for illegally registering "new students" for relatives and friends, and some universities inflated enrollment figures by retaining the student status of absent students. The "ghost student" problem has evolved from an internal management loophole in universities into a public issue concerning educational equity and social integrity.
A special report released in July 2025 by the National Assembly Future Institute (韩国国会未来研究院) of South Korea stated that due to the continued decline in the number of newborns, the school-age population in South Korea is trending downward, and a large number of local universities will face a survival crisis in the next 10 to 15 years. The report's data shows that based on the total number of university enrollments in 2024 and combined with the average college entrance examination enrollment rate over the past three years, the number of new university students in South Korea will decrease to 59.1% of the 2024 level in 2036, further decreasing to 50% of the 2024 level in 2038, and will be only 39.4% of the 2024 level by 2043. Meanwhile, the Seoul Metropolitan Area (首都圈) in South Korea concentrates the country's high-quality employment and educational resources, and the tendency to "prioritize universities in the Seoul Metropolitan Area" further exacerbates the enrollment difficulties of local universities.
In response to the development predicament of local universities, the National Assembly Future Institute proposed two major response paths in its report: one is to promote specialized education that is deeply integrated with local industries, and the other is to transform into lifelong education institutions to broaden the student base. The report believes that the size of the middle-aged and elderly population in South Korea continues to expand, and coupled with the rapid adjustment of the economic and industrial structure, the market's demand for vocational skills training and re-education is increasing day by day. Local universities should proactively extend their educational service targets from traditional school-age groups to diverse groups such as adult learners and vocational practitioners, and build a sustainable school system by strengthening the function of lifelong vocational education. In addition, attracting foreign students has become an important measure for some local universities to alleviate enrollment pressure. According to a report by the Chosun Ilbo (朝鲜日报), Jeonbuk National University (全北大学), a well-known local university, has clearly proposed a goal of attracting 5,000 foreign students, and the number of students from Southeast Asian countries such as Vietnam and Indonesia, and Central Asian countries such as Uzbekistan, continues to grow.
To promote the orderly transformation of local universities and resolve operational crises, the South Korean government has introduced institutional safeguards. The "Private University Structural Improvement Act" (私立大学结构优化法), which will officially take effect in August 2026, clearly stipulates that school corporations can legally dispose of assets after closure to pay compensation to faculty and students, and the remaining assets can be retained for 15%. South Korean public opinion generally believes that the implementation of the new law will effectively reduce the exit costs of private universities, help curb illegal school operation chaos, promote the orderly exit of "problem universities" from the market, and create a more favorable development environment for high-quality local universities.
Baek Seung-ju (白承周), a researcher at the Korea Educational Development Institute (韩国教育开发院), said that the declining school-age population is reshaping the market pattern of higher education in South Korea, and universities have transformed from traditional education providers to demanders who need to actively compete for students. The core competitiveness lies in cultivating high-quality talents that meet the needs of enterprises and society. "Universities must take internal reform as the starting point and continuously improve the quality of education and the effectiveness of achievement transformation in order to gain a firm foothold in market competition," said Baek Seung-ju (白承周).
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李 蕊 白光迪 窦瀚洋
An Introduction
How much money can a farmhouse nestled in the mountains earn in a year? In Huangnixiang Natural Village (黄泥巷自然村), Tieshan Subdistrict (铁山街道), West Coast New Area (西海岸新区), Qingdao (青岛), Shandong (山东) Province, the owner, Yang Xiaoxia (杨晓霞), gave a stunning answer: "More than 1 million yuan!"
What brought the good business?
Rural vitality stems from regional synergy: In June 2022, the Yangjiashanli Rural Revitalization Area (杨家山里乡村振兴片区) was established, including Yangjiashanli First Village (杨家山里一村) and Second Village (杨家山里二村) in Tieshan Subdistrict (铁山街道), under which are eight natural villages, including Huangnixiang (黄泥巷), Dongnanya (东南崖), Daxia Village (大下庄), and Houshigou (后石沟). The area integrates mountains, rivers, culture, industry, and other resources, and operates as a whole, which has boosted tourism and helped Yang Xiaoxia's (杨晓霞) business enter the fast lane.
Not just Yangjiashanli (杨家山里). In recent years, some places have explored the formation of areas composed of several adjacent, functionally similar, and industrially linked villages, taking the area as a unit for unified planning, coordinated policies, and integrated resources, effectively driving agricultural efficiency and increasing farmers' income.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" (“十五五”规划纲要) proposes "promoting rural revitalization in a classified, orderly, and area-based manner."
Why promote rural revitalization on an area basis? What are the effects? What problems need to be solved in the implementation process? Recently, reporters conducted in-depth visits to Qingdao (青岛) and Hangzhou (杭州), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, Suzhou (苏州), Jiangsu (江苏) Province, and other places.
Where Does the Power Come From?
Improve scale efficiency, accurately allocate resources, and solve the problem of unbalanced development
At the entrance of Huangnixiang Village (黄泥巷村), there is a farmhouse with the sign "Shanshui Xianju" (山水贤居). Despite the lingering cold of spring, the parking lot is still full. "I can't take a break at noon," said the owner, Yang Xiaoxia (杨晓霞), a local villager, complaining but with a smile on her face.
The past Huangnixiang (黄泥巷) was not like this: the roads were broken, the village was poor, girls from outside the mountains were unwilling to marry in, and the men in the mountains were eager to leave. When she was young, Yang Xiaoxia (杨晓霞) left this "poor nest" and worked hard outside for many years.
In 2020, she returned to her hometown to visit relatives, and the construction of beautiful villages had given the village a new look: the roads were wide, the houses were tidy, and large cherry trees were all over the mountains. During the picking season, tourists came in droves.
Following the trend, Yang Xiaoxia (杨晓霞) returned to her hometown to develop and opened "Shanshui Xianju" (山水贤居), and the business was booming. Many people in the village followed suit, and farmhouses opened one after another. But over time, the drawbacks began to appear.
"The volume of a single village is small, and the tourism projects are limited. Many people eat farmhouse dishes, take a walk around the village, take pictures, and leave. Business is divided into peak and off-season, and they have to close in winter," Yang Xiaoxia (杨晓霞) recalled.
In the eyes of Zhu Zengjian (祝增建), Secretary of the Party Working Committee of Tieshan Subdistrict (铁山街道党工委书记), these villages in the mountains all have "treasures": Huangnixiang (黄泥巷) has cherry orchards, Daxia Village (大下庄) has the Qi Great Wall (齐长城) ruins, and Dongnanya (东南崖) has red tourism resources... But before, each village "sang its own tune," and good things were scattered into a plate of sand, making it difficult to generate scale benefits, and the rural industrial chain was difficult to extend and upgrade.
"Take Huangnixiang (黄泥巷) as an example. There are many cherries in the village, and villagers can't sell them at a good price at stalls, and sometimes they are unsalable, watching the fresh fruit rot in the ground," Zhu Zengjian (祝增建) cited an example, "The subdistrict wants to take the lead in building a processing plant, but there is no suitable idle land in the village."
In June 2022, Qingdao (青岛) launched the first batch of municipal rural revitalization area construction, and the Yangjiashanli Area (杨家山里片区) came into being. The area lies in the "arms" of Tieshan Mountain (铁橛山), Yuejie Mountain (越界山), and Sleeping Cow Mountain (睡牛山), with a river running through it, mountains and rivers depending on each other, and 1,023 households living there. In 2024, it was selected as a "Rural Revitalization Qilu Model Provincial Area" (“乡村振兴齐鲁样板省级片区”). Qingdao (青岛) already has eight such provincial-level areas.
Under the overall planning of the area, idle land and other resources in various villages are uniformly allocated, and the cherry processing plant, which originally had nowhere to be placed, has a "place to live"; the local area integrates scattered resources such as mountains, rivers, historical sites, and red culture, and rationally plans tourism routes to make up for the shortcomings of a single village with few ways to play.
"Now, some tourists will come to our village to eat farmhouse dishes after visiting other places, and the distinction between peak and off-season is not so obvious," Yang Xiaoxia (杨晓霞) said.
Similar to Yangjiashanli (杨家山里), in the Beipian Eight Villages Area (北片八村片区) of Liangzhu Subdistrict (良渚街道), Yuhang District (余杭区), Hangzhou (杭州), the "solo show" of village development is also turning into a "chorus" of industrial upgrading.
Xingang Village (新港村) in the area has a booming sports industry, with complete facilities such as badminton courts and gyms. In 2024, investors came to inspect and planned to build an archery stadium in the village, but the space here was limited and could not be undertaken, and the matter almost fell through. Later, Xingang Village (新港村) recommended the project to Shiqiao Village (石桥村) in the area, which was able to land smoothly.
Driven by Xingang Village (新港村), baseball and softball sports centers and other venues at the junction of Shiqiao Village (石桥村) and Qianshi Village (纤石村) have also been built - the formats in the area are complementary, high-level events have been introduced, tourists have increased, and villagers' pockets have become bulging.
In 2025, driven by the area, Liangzhu Subdistrict (良渚街道) has attracted a total of 9.01 million tourists and achieved revenue of 301 million yuan, an increase of 7.6% and 7.5% respectively year-on-year, relying on the "sports +" industrial integration model.
"From the perspective of introducing investment and policy support, 'arealization' makes resource allocation more accurate and efficient." Zhao Rui (赵瑞), Deputy Director of the Qingdao Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (青岛市农业农村局副局长), believes that the area is of moderate size, allowing large projects that were originally difficult for a single village to undertake to have space to land; at the same time, compared with the resource allocation method of "sprinkling pepper" on a large scale, the overall planning of financial funds and the allocation of public services with the area as a unit will be more accurate, which is conducive to forming a development model of "moderate scale, factor aggregation, and precise policy implementation."
In 2025, the Yangjiashanli Area (杨家山里片区) attracted more than 800,000 tourists, tourism revenue exceeded 150 million yuan, and the per capita net income of villagers increased to more than 39,000 yuan.
In Zhu Zengjian's (祝增建) view, promoting arealization is also beneficial to solving the problem of unbalanced development. Houshigou Village (后石沟村), adjacent to Huangnixiang Village (黄泥巷村), once had a weak industry and a weak foundation, and the collective economic organization was still in debt. "Thanks to the overall planning of the area, strong villages lead weak villages to run, industries are complementary, governance is coordinated, and we are moving towards common prosperity," he said.
Under the unified planning of the area, Houshigou (后石沟), which is surrounded by mountains and rivers, has undertaken the film and television industry. The dirt road has become a film and television street full of flowers, the old houses in the village have been transformed into film studios, and the villagers have become "actors" in the lens. Houshigou (后石沟) has also become an important stop on the area's tourism loop. At present, the annual income of the collective economic organization of Houshigou Village (后石沟村) exceeds 600,000 yuan, from a "debt village" to an "internet celebrity village."
How to Gather Joint Efforts?
Scientifically delineate areas, strengthen overall coordination, change ideas and dismantle "walls in the heart"
Looking at Tieshan Subdistrict (铁山街道), 43 natural villages are scattered, why choose 8 of them to form the Yangjiashanli Area (杨家山里片区)?
"The construction of the area must be based on in-depth research," Zhao Rui (赵瑞) said that the reasons for the construction of the area, how to divide it, and what are the regional advantages must be fully assessed to ensure scientific feasibility.
"We hired a professional urban and rural planning company, and for more than a month, we walked into the ditches and ridges of each village under the jurisdiction of the subdistrict; we turned over the county chronicles and sorted out the culture and historical context of each village; we also talked with the village cadres and villagers of each village to listen to social conditions and public opinion." Nie Heng (聂恒), director of the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Undertakings Development Center of the Qingdao West Coast New Area Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau (青岛西海岸新区农业农村局畜牧兽医事业发展中心主任), who was responsible for the area planning at that time, said, "After running around, we had a bottom line in our hearts, and then we came up with the Yangjiashanli Area (杨家山里片区) plan. There are both long-term plans and annual plans."
"Geographically, these 8 villages are connected by mountains and rivers and are adjacent to each other; in the area, more than 90% of the villagers are surnamed Yang; in terms of industry, the villages are mainly engaged in the planting of cherries, chestnuts, etc., which can be connected into a chain to enhance the overall attractiveness of regional tourism and drive the sales of agricultural products," Zhu Zengjian (祝增建) explained.
As of December 2025, Shandong (山东) Province, cities, and counties have launched the construction of 2,070 areas in three categories, covering more than 18,000 administrative villages, accounting for nearly 1/3 of the province.
Is there a standard for the size of the area?
"After practice, we believe that it is more appropriate to form an area with 6 to 10 villages. Too many, resources are not easy to gather; too few, it is difficult to form a joint force," Zhao Rui (赵瑞) said, but we cannot "apply one size fits all." For example, more than 10 villages in Laoshan District (崂山区), Qingdao (青岛) are distributed along the road and are closely related, and are finally划入划入 into the same area, "In the final analysis, we must adhere to seeking truth from facts and adapting to local conditions."
Different from the smaller Yangjiashanli Area (杨家山里片区), in Suzhou (苏州), the Yangcheng Lake Area Rural Revitalization Collaborative Development Area (阳澄湖地区乡村振兴协同发展片区), which started construction in 2024, spans Xiangcheng District (相城区), Changshu City (常熟市), and Kunshan City (昆山市), involving 37 administrative villages (communities) and 265 natural villages. The area has been identified by the Jiangsu Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (江苏省农业农村厅) as a cultivation object for livable, workable, and beautiful rural areas - at present, a total of 40 areas in the province have been included in the cultivation scope.
"These villages are located around Yangcheng Lake (阳澄湖), and they basically produce Yangcheng Lake hairy crabs (阳澄湖大闸蟹), and the industrial structure is highly consistent. We want to make the hairy crab industry bigger and stronger through area-based development," said Zhang Lisha (张莉莎), Deputy Director of the Suzhou Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (苏州市农业农村局副局长).
Area-based development will inevitably cross the original boundaries. Since the demands of each village are different, the considerations are different, and the production and living habits formed by the masses over a long period of time are difficult to change quickly, how to coordinate is a problem.
In the Yangjiashanli Area (杨家山里片区), the subdistrict Party Working Committee took the lead and newly established the Yangjiashanli Rural Revitalization Area Office (杨家山里乡村振兴片区办公室) to be responsible for the overall planning and construction. In the Beipian Eight Villages Area (北片八村片区) of Liangzhu Subdistrict (良渚街道), the subdistrict Party Working Committee promoted the establishment of a joint Party committee in the village to play a coordinating role.
The Yangcheng Lake Area (阳澄湖片区) has a wider scope, how to coordinate? A Shayang Line (沙阳线) inside the area witnessed the exploration path.
The Shayang Line (沙阳线) connects Shajiabang Town (沙家浜镇), Changshu City (常熟市), and Yangcheng Lake Town (阳澄湖镇), Xiangcheng District (相城区). In the past, it was a 6-meter-wide, bumpy road. The masses called for reconstruction and expansion, but it was difficult to promote. "It is difficult for the town level to promote the reconstruction of cross-regional roads; applying for funds also requires higher-level research and judgment," Zhao Xuefeng (赵学峰), Deputy Mayor of Shajiabang Town (沙家浜镇副镇长), admitted frankly.
Road construction is like this, and the coordination of other projects in the area is also like this. In this regard, the Suzhou (苏州) municipal-level person in charge regularly schedules, and also set up special groups for road traffic, ecological environment, etc., to take the lead in integrating the business of each line and each department to escort the development of the area; to solve the funding bottleneck, Suzhou (苏州) has specially established a key project library for the area, concentrating its efforts to do a good job in the major events and important matters of the area. As of now, the local area has promoted nearly 3,700 projects in rural construction, modern agriculture, etc.
"Through strong coordination and special group scheduling, the Shayang Line (沙阳线) reconstruction and expansion project has been promoted efficiently, and it is now a 12-meter-wide hardened asphalt road," Zhao Xuefeng (赵学峰) said.
Break down administrative barriers and eliminate ideological barriers. The Yangcheng Lake Area (阳澄湖片区) opened a training class for young cadres in the 3 towns around Yangcheng Lake (阳澄湖), which was hosted by Yangcheng Lake Town (阳澄湖镇), Shajiabang Town (沙家浜镇), and Bacheng Town (巴城镇), Kunshan City (昆山市) in rotation, and landed in Shajiabang Town (沙家浜镇) in 2025.
Bai Xinyue (柏心悦), a cadre of Xinhe Village (新开河村), Bacheng Town (巴城镇), joined the job just 2 years ago and participated in the 2025 training. During the training, various courses guided her to jump out of the "one-third of an acre" of her own town and village and grasp the development of the area as a whole; after the training, according to the arrangement, she and her classmates visited the 3 towns in rotation, shuttling through the fields and cultural tourism spots in the area.
"'Area' is no longer just a concept that stays on the documents. I gradually realized that the development of the area cannot be simply added, but must be clenched into a fist and form a joint force," Bai Xinyue (柏心悦) said that a normalized exchange mechanism has been established between the 3 towns, and through pairing and following posts, resource sharing, and project linkage, the cadres have moved from "nodding acquaintances" to "working in the same direction," reducing the cost of cross-regional communication, "The coordination problems that used to be daunting have become not so difficult."
Cadres' thinking must be changed, and the masses' "walls in the heart" must also be removed.
"In the past, in order to compete for the title of 'Yangcheng Lake hairy crab' (阳澄湖大闸蟹), there was little contact between villages. You don't accept my crabs, and I don't buy your seedlings," Xu Jiongqi (徐炯其), a crab farmer in Yangcheng Lake Town (阳澄湖镇蟹农), admitted frankly, "The root cause is that the pattern has not been opened, and I have not thought about how to make the brand bigger together."
To break down the barriers, the Yangcheng Lake Area (阳澄湖片区) has built a cross-regional collaborative platform for industrial docking, joint technology research, joint brand building, and channel sharing, unified and improved breeding standards, disease prevention and control specifications, quality evaluation systems, etc., reduced disorderly competition, and strengthened information interconnection.
"I used to think that the hairy crabs I raised were the best. After communicating with colleagues from other towns, I found that there was still room for improvement," Xu Jiongqi (徐炯其) said with a smile, "Now, some of my crab seedlings come from Bacheng Town (巴城镇), and the effect after breeding is indeed good. Some crab farmers in Bacheng Town (巴城镇) are also interested in the 'river shrimp polyculture' technology I use and are preparing to try it this year."
How to Unleash Vitality?
Expand comparative advantages, strengthen interest linkages, and continuously improve mechanisms
The villages in the area have similar resource endowments, and some industries tend to be homogeneous, which is easy to fall into homogeneous competition. After "grouping," how to build advantages?
"The key is to find the 'long board' and expand the comparative advantages," said Ma Tianqi (马天琦), Director of the Wujiang District Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (吴江区农业农村局局长), Suzhou (苏州).
The Huan Changyang Area (环长漾片区) in Wujiang District (吴江区) is adjacent to Taihu Lake (太湖), with a dense river network. It is a relatively complete area for the preservation of the "Jiangsu Wujiang Pond Agriculture System," an important agricultural cultural heritage, and has nurtured fishing culture, sericulture culture, silk culture, etc. "Jiangcun" (江村) written by the famous sociologist Fei Xiaotong (费孝通) in "Jiangcun Economy" (《江村经济》) is Kaiqiangong Village (开弦弓村), Qidu Town (七都镇) in the area, which has added a profound humanistic heritage to this land.
The area plays the "cultural card," dividing cultural functional areas such as Lugang (溇港) and Yugeng (渔耕). Tourists can not only visit along the crisscrossing Lugang (溇港) water system, but also experience agricultural cultural activities such as mulberry leaf picking, and visit the Fei Xiaotong Jiangcun Memorial Hall (费孝通江村纪念馆).
"Inside the area, each village revolves around the main line of culture, explores its own characteristics, and cultivates characteristic industries such as Taihu Lake (太湖) water town tourism, green circular agriculture, and study tours to achieve 'each is beautiful'; the villages have business linkage and resource sharing to form a differentiated and complementary 'beauty of beauty'; finally, they work together on the same cultural background to form the area's unique core competitiveness and move towards 'beauty and commonality'," Ma Tianqi (马天琦) introduced that in 2025, the Huan Changyang Area (环长漾片区) received approximately 5.3 million tourists and generated approximately 870 million yuan in revenue, an increase of 6% and 24.3% respectively year-on-year.
Differentiated and characteristic development makes the division of labor and positioning of each village on the industrial chain different. How to achieve benefit sharing is also worth paying attention to.
"Ensuring that farmers fully benefit and effectively participate is the starting point and foothold for promoting rural revitalization in an area-based manner. However, the loose interest linkage mechanism in some areas has affected farmers' enthusiasm and the social foundation for sustainable development of the area," Hou Fengyun (侯风云), a professor at the School of Economics of Shandong University (山东大学经济学院教授), believes that to mobilize farmers from "watching from the sidelines" to "working together," a close interest linkage mechanism must be established.
In this regard, the Yangjiashanli Area (杨家山里片区) established a strong village common prosperity company. The villagers first contribute the land management rights, idle farmhouses, etc. to the village collective, and the village collective then contributes these resources to the strong village common prosperity company. The 8 villages each account for 1/8 of the equity, realizing cross-village overall planning of resources and large-scale operation.
Taking cherry planting as an example. In the past, Yang Yuzi (杨玉梓), a grower in Huangnixiang Village (黄泥巷村种植户), was most afraid of cherries being concentrated on the market, "**便宜的时候** (pián yí de shí hòu - "when cheap," when the price is low), two or three yuan a catty, no one wants it." Now, he is only responsible for planting 20 acres of cherries at home. The village collective signed an agreement with the strong village common prosperity company, and the latter will uniformly purchase them. The strong village common prosperity company then cooperates with other enterprises to deeply process the cherries and brew them into cherry fruit wine, cherry beer, etc., and the profit is higher than selling fresh fruit.
Yang Yuzi (杨玉梓) recalled that at the beginning of the establishment of the strong village common prosperity company, everyone was skeptical, and he only contributed 2 acres of land. During the picking season in 2023, the strong village common prosperity company's truck drove into the field and purchased all of the approximately 1,000 catties of cherries produced on his family's two acres of land at a guaranteed price of 10 yuan per catty, and the money was credited to the account on the same day.
"I feel at ease. Later, my family signed a contract with the village for all 20 acres of land and contributed shares," Yang Yuzi (杨玉梓) said excitedly, "At the end of the year, the village collective notified us of dividends."
It turned out that after the strong village common prosperity company made a profit, it extracted 20% as a development fund as agreed to ensure the continuous upgrading of the area's industry; the remaining profit was distributed to each village according to the equity ratio. Each village then took out a portion to give dividends to the villagers. That year, Yang Yuzi's (杨玉梓) bank card had an extra 1,300 yuan.
Originally, after the strong village common prosperity company (强村共富公司) made a profit, it extracted 20% as a development fund as agreed to ensure the continuous upgrading of the industrial sector in the area; the remaining profit was distributed to the villages according to the shareholding ratio. The villages then took out a portion to distribute dividends to the villagers. That year, Yang Yuzi's (杨玉梓) bank card had an extra 1,300 yuan.
The income obtained by the village collective is also used to improve public services and village development. Today, the renovation and upgrading of 3 village health rooms, 2 elderly care canteens, and 1 kindergarten in the area have been completed, and the road hardening rate and sewage treatment rate have reached 100%.
The villagers' lives are getting more and more comfortable. "If I don't want to cook at noon, I go to the elderly care canteen for a meal. The village's public toilets and fitness equipment have also been renovated to be suitable for the elderly." Yang Yuzi (杨玉梓) said that everyone's enthusiasm for supporting the development of the area is even more unified.
"In order to prevent a single area from becoming a 'bonsai'," Peng Shanliang (彭善亮), director of the Qingdao West Coast New Area (青岛西海岸新区) Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, introduced that, for example, the Yangjiashanli (杨家山里) area and the adjacent Huamei Dani (画美达尼) area in Zhangjialou Street (张家楼街道) are integrated to enrich tourism routes and expand economies of scale.
In 2025, Qingdao West Coast New Area (青岛西海岸新区) issued an implementation plan for the integrated linkage operation of rural revitalization areas, and a district-level operation company was jointly established by district-owned state-owned enterprises and private enterprises to create a "district-town-village" three-level linkage operation platform, focusing on interest linkage and festival linkage, and coordinating the integrated linkage operation of 13 areas.
Walking around, the reporter found that although the area-based promotion of rural revitalization has made gratifying progress, there are still many problems to be solved.
"Rural areas do not have advantages in development space and salary, and it is difficult to attract professional talents who understand market operation." Zhu Zengjian (祝增建) said that the Yangjiashanli (杨家山里) area is exploring "external introduction and internal cultivation": externally, it provides rent-free and low-rent entrepreneurial space and subsidies for introducing talents; internally, it organizes experts and local capable people to "form pairs" to cultivate local backbones.
"In some places, the division of areas is highly arbitrary and lacks systematic planning and overall coordination." Jiao Litao (焦立涛), associate professor of the School of Marxism of Shandong University of Science and Technology (山东科技大学马克思主义学院), suggested that we should strengthen the classified guidance on the promotion paths of different types of areas, establish a dynamic adjustment mechanism, and allow timely optimization of development directions and cancellation of restructuring for areas that are not satisfied by the masses and have long-term lagging development, "adhere to the problem-oriented approach, continuously improve the mechanism, and promote the steady and long-term development of the area."
Return to TopBy: 李 蕊
In the Yangjiashanli Rural Revitalization Area (杨家山里乡村振兴片区) of Qingdao West Coast New Area (青岛西海岸新区), Shandong (山东), a farmhouse nestled in the mountains has an annual income exceeding one million yuan. Behind this figure lies the complementary nature of tourism resources brought about by area-based operations, which in turn has increased traffic and activated consumption potential.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" proposes "categorized, orderly, and area-based promotion of rural revitalization." This important deployment is closely aligned with the current realities of rural development and adapts to future trends, providing a practical path for further implementing the rural revitalization strategy.
Area-based operation is a "key" to solving the problems of insufficient development momentum in single villages and uneven development among villages. In the past, many villages "sang their own tunes," finding it difficult to monetize good resources. Area-based development transforms "solo combat" into "large-scale operations," integrating resources, complementing differences, and achieving win-win development. Taking the Yangjiashanli Area (杨家山里片区) as an example, Huangnixiang Village (黄泥巷村) was constrained by land resources, making it difficult to establish a cherry processing plant. After overall planning, the project was built and put into operation in a selected location within the area, and the added value of the industry subsequently increased. Relying on its mountain and water resources, Houshigou Village (后石沟村) has become an important stop on the area's tourism route, achieving a successful transformation from a "debt-ridden village" to an "internet-famous village."
The key to area-based construction lies in promoting deep integration from a "physical platter" to a "chemical reaction." To avoid simple geographical superposition, the scope of the area needs to fully consider factors such as geography, culture, and industry when determining the area's boundaries, and be precisely divided. Mechanism integration is even more important. Only by establishing a sound coordination mechanism can we be as responsive as limbs and form a synergistic effect. The integration of people is crucial. Cadres taking the lead in breaking the mindset of "one mu and three points of land" (一亩三分地) (yī mǔ sān fēn dì - "one mu three fen land," a tiny piece of land; narrow-minded thinking) and shifting from "planning for one village" to "planning for the overall situation" can stimulate a combined force of "1+1>2."
The focus of area-based development is to see tangible results in the word "enriching the people." In grassroots practice, some areas have excellent resource endowments, but the scorecard for enriching the people is not impressive. The root cause lies in insufficient public participation. Only when villagers change from "onlookers" to "participants" can area-based development maintain its vitality. By establishing a closer mechanism for linking interests, so that farmers' wallets become increasingly full with the development of industry, and the public services they can enjoy become increasingly better with the upgrading of the area, the path to common prosperity can become wider and wider.
Today, the practice of promoting rural revitalization on an area-based basis is being carried out in many places, and shortcomings such as talent shortages, industrial homogeneity, and low brand recognition cannot be ignored. By adhering to adapting to local conditions and implementing precise policies, area-based development can continuously inject surging momentum into the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside.
Return to TopLayout Design: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶)
Return to TopBuilding a "Ecosystem" of Green Energy Industry
By Yu Jinghao (于景浩) and Li Yuanxin (李源欣), reporters of this newspaper
On the main stream of the Long River (龙江) within the territory of Mang City (芒市), Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (德宏傣族景颇族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省), a dam over 100 meters high stands majestically. The river water pours down through the floodgates, like a giant silver dragon, making a deafening sound.
"This project is so magnificent!" "I hope that African countries, especially my home country, can have more such projects"... Recently, the joint Chinese and foreign media interview group of the 2025 "Belt and Road" Media Cooperation Forum came to the Yunnan Long River Hydropower Station (云南龙江水利枢纽) under the China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) and foreign reporters exclaimed. Climbing to the top of the dam, the reporters recorded the magnificent scene in front of them with their cameras.
Inside the plant, four generator units are running at high speed. On the other side of the dam mountain, large areas of photovoltaic panels shine silver in the sun. Yan Jun (阎俊), General Manager of China National Nuclear Corporation Yunnan Long River Hydropower Development Co., Ltd. (中核集团云南龙江水利枢纽开发有限公司), introduced that the total installed capacity of the Long River Hydropower Station is currently 278,000 kilowatts, adopting "hydro-solar complementarity" to transmit approximately 800 million kilowatt-hours of green electricity to the grid annually.
The Long River Hydropower Station is one of the landmark water conservancy projects of the Western Development Strategy, constructed and operated by Xinhua Power (新华发电), a subsidiary of China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团). This water conservancy project, which integrates power generation, flood control, irrigation and other functions, allows Chinese and foreign reporters to deeply feel the surging power of green development with its comprehensive economic, social and ecological benefits.
"Sustainability" and "green energy" are high-frequency words mentioned by Chinese and foreign media during the visit. In the eyes of Chinese and foreign reporters, this water conservancy hub embodies the potential for mutual benefit and win-win results in the green development of high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative.
Faisal Malik, Chairman and Editor-in-Chief of the Pakistan Observer (《巴基斯坦观察家报》), focused on Pakistan's largest Karachi K-2/K-3 nuclear power plant project when communicating with the staff of the Long River Hydropower Station. The project uses China's third-generation nuclear power technology Hualong One (华龙一号) and was officially delivered in February 2023, providing nearly 30 billion kilowatt-hours of clean electricity to the local area every year. "This is a grand and significant green project in the high-quality joint construction of the 'Belt and Road'," he said. "Pakistan is facing a power shortage, and China's clean energy technology and practical experience are worth learning from in depth."
On the edge of the fields in Nongkan Village (弄坎村), Zhaofang Town (遮放镇), Mang City (芒市), the boundless rice fields are full of vitality, and the water source that nourishes the rice fields comes from the Long River Hydropower Station. Through scientific regulation, the Long River Dam has accumulated a total storage capacity of 5.254 billion cubic meters, of which 2.176 billion cubic meters of agricultural irrigation water is directed to 101,200 mu of fertile land.
The Long River Hydropower Station has now become the "stabilizing needle" of the flood control system in western Yunnan (滇西), building a solid safety barrier for the downstream. The commissioning of the water transmission network with a total length of more than 60 kilometers can solve the drinking water problem for 156,100 people in Ruili City (瑞丽城区) and provide stable irrigation for 44,500 mu of cultivated land in Zhaofang (遮放) and Wanding (畹町) areas. China National Nuclear Corporation (中核集团) has successfully built a green energy industry "ecosystem" of multi-energy complementary development of "nuclear, hydro, wind, solar and storage". In the future, the Long River Hydropower Hub will rely on regional advantages and industrial advantages to make new contributions to revitalizing the border economy.
Increasing the "Green Content" of Industries to Enhance the "Gold Content" of Development
By Sun Guangyong (孙广勇), reporter of this newspaper
Inside the office building of the Measurement Center of Yunnan Power Grid Co., Ltd. (云南电网公司) of China Southern Power Grid (南方电网), the independently developed online monitoring system for carbon emissions in the park is monitoring data such as photovoltaics and energy storage in real time, and accurately calculating and managing carbon emissions; in the verification room, robots are performing automated operations, and robotic arms are accurately grabbing energy meters, and conveyor belts are quickly transporting equipment to the next link...
"By integrating digital technology, intelligent robots, automated equipment and systems, we have achieved unmanned operation in the entire process from logistics transportation, verification and testing to warehouse storage. We complete quality control of more than 3 million measuring instruments every year. The false detection rate and error detection rate are both 0. The work efficiency is 10 times higher than the previous traditional model," said Gao Liping (高丽萍), head of the measurement verification class of the Measurement Center. "Several robots undertake the annual workload of more than 400 workers in the past."
After listening to Gao Liping's (高丽萍) introduction, the visitors on site praised it repeatedly. Not long ago, reporters from the joint Chinese and foreign media interview group of the 2025 "Belt and Road" Media Cooperation Forum from many countries and regions walked into the Measurement Center of Yunnan Power Grid Co., Ltd. (云南电网公司) of China Southern Power Grid (南方电网) to experience China's advanced technology and environmental protection concepts in the energy field.
In the Electricity Science Popularization Experience Center of Yunnan Power Grid Co., Ltd. (云南电网公司) of China Southern Power Grid (南方电网), the MR (mixed reality) and VR (virtual reality) equipment in the immersive experience area can simulate the assembly line verification process and power work scenarios in real time. Mara Dan (玛腊丹), production manager of Myanmar Wedia Media Company, couldn't wait to step onto the experience platform to experience the feeling of electric shock. As the voltage increased, her hair slowly stood up. "This is a good place to popularize electricity knowledge. I hope we can fully learn from China's rich experience and advanced technology to enable Myanmar to achieve sufficient power supply and bring more convenient lives to the people."
Songsa Sakunkan (颂萨·萨昆坎), Deputy Director of the Mass Media Department of the Central Propaganda Department of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party, had the same feeling. He told reporters that the China-Laos 500 kV interconnected power grid project is a strategic energy project proposed in the "Laos Energy and Mines Five-Year Development Plan (2021-2025)". After completion, the two-way power mutual assistance capacity between China and Laos is expected to reach 1.5 million kilowatts, achieving a clean power transmission scale of about 3 billion kilowatt-hours, which will make Laos a hub for energy interconnection and an important energy trading center in the ASEAN region. "I came here to visit today and I personally felt China's leading technology in the power industry. I hope that there will be more cooperation between Laos and China in the future," said Songsa Sakunkan (颂萨·萨昆坎).
"I have visited Yunnan (云南) more than 10 times, and I especially like Dali (大理). The efforts of near-zero carbon can be seen everywhere: the industrial zone has achieved zero-carbon park electricity and carbon monitoring, and the tourist area is promoting digital distribution network projects. China is practicing green development with practical actions," Kasem, senior advisor of the Public Relations Department of the Thai Prime Minister's Office, told reporters. "The concept of '**绿水青山就是金山银山** (lǜ shuǐ qīng shān jiù shì jīn shān yín shān - "green mountains and clear water are gold and silver mountains," lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets)' is worth learning from other countries."
Practicing the new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing, in recent years, China Southern Power Grid (南方电网) has actively explored a unique near-zero carbon implementation path in Yunnan (云南) to help build a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient new energy system, increase the "green content" of industries to enhance the "gold content" of development, and help achieve the "dual carbon" goals.
Moving from Product Going Overseas to Brand and Industry Going Overseas
By Hannan Gilani and Li Yidan (李一丹)
In the intelligent factory of Changan Auto (长安汽车) in Chongqing Liangjiang New Area (重庆两江新区), rows of robotic arms are welding car bodies with an accuracy of 0.01 mm; at the same time, Changan Auto's (长安汽车) first flagship store in Europe officially opened in Drammen, Norway, and the Rayong factory in Thailand has also been completed and put into operation. These scenes are a vivid microcosm of Changan Auto's (长安汽车) global layout, and also reflect the solid steps of a century-old car company towards becoming a world-class brand.
Changan Auto (长安汽车) has more than 24,000 technical R&D personnel from 31 countries and regions, and has built 44 technical research and product development centers and 20 technology companies. It has built 180 laboratories, bringing together Chinese engineers, German chassis tuning experts, Japanese battery technology teams, etc. to jointly tackle key problems, so that the efficiency of the super electric drive system reaches 95%, and the low-temperature performance of the battery is improved. Wilson Zhu, special advisor to the Danish Copenhagen Post, commented: "The interior design of Changan Avatr (长安阿维塔) combines simplicity and practicality." Relying on the "global wisdom + China manufacturing" model, Changan's (长安) number of patents increases by an average of 19 per day, and the software-defined car architecture has achieved overseas localization adaptation.
Changan Auto (长安汽车) has currently built 9 overseas factories, and its global sales and service network reaches more than 14,000, including 9,000 overseas channels. The Thai factory, as the first overseas new energy vehicle base, will be put into operation in May 2025, marking Changan's (长安) move from product going overseas to brand and industry going overseas. Zhu Huarong (朱华荣), chairman of Changan Auto (长安汽车), said that Changan (长安) will strive towards the goal of annual global sales of 5 million vehicles and 3 million new energy vehicles, and achieve overseas sales of 1.5 million vehicles by 2030, further enhancing Changan Auto's (长安汽车) global competitiveness.
Local employees account for more than 90% of the employees in Changan Auto's (长安汽车) Rayong factory in Thailand, and most of them have received professional training in Chongqing (重庆). "We are not simply exporting cars, but rooting the industrial chain locally, creating employment and contributing to tax revenue," said the head of Changan's (长安) brand public relations department. Changan (长安) uses technology as a link to promote the coordinated going overseas of upstream and downstream industries and help the global automotive industry upgrade to green and intelligent.
At the 2025 Munich International Auto Show, Changan (长安) brought its two brands, DEEPAL (深蓝汽车) and AVATR (阿维塔), to Europe, allowing overseas consumers to experience China's new energy technology strength at close range. As of 2025, the cumulative sales of Changan's (长安) Chinese brand cars have exceeded 30 million. The company has led or participated in the formulation of more than 240 international, national and industry standards, some of which are led by the company to provide key data interaction frameworks for global intelligent connected vehicles. From the old factory that moved west to Chongqing (重庆) during the Anti-Japanese War to today's global automotive giant, Changan's (长安) international exploration has witnessed the leap of Chinese brands from "following and catching up" to "leading and surpassing".
Promoting the Deep Integration of Science and Technology and Industry
By Ding Yiting (丁怡婷), reporter of this newspaper
In Hami (哈密), Xinjiang (新疆), 14,500 heliostats accurately track the sun, focusing solar energy on the heat collection tower, supporting the 50 MW molten salt tower solar thermal project to achieve 24-hour continuous power generation, with an annual power generation of nearly 200 million kilowatt-hours. In Yingcheng (应城), Hubei (湖北), a 300 MW compressed air energy storage power station is connected to the grid at full capacity, relying on an underground 700,000 cubic meter gas storage, setting multiple world records for single-unit power, energy storage scale and conversion efficiency.
The joint Chinese and foreign media interview group of the 2025 "Belt and Road" Media Cooperation Forum walked into China Energy Engineering Corporation (中国能建) to explore its practical path to ensure energy security and promote green transformation.
At the forefront of innovation, the "flying power station" is eye-catching - the parachute ladder high-altitude wind power generation system is composed of a helium balloon, a working parachute and a cable, simulating the principle of flying a kite: the helium balloon provides lift, the working parachute captures 300-1000 meters of high-altitude wind energy, and the pulling force drives the generator. Compared with near-ground wind power, high-altitude wind energy has higher density, more stable wind conditions and less land occupation. China Energy Engineering Corporation (中国能建) Zhongdian Engineering (中电工程) leads the national key R&D plan for high-altitude wind energy, breaking through key technologies such as efficient capture, energy transmission and intelligent control, and has formed a series of independent intellectual property rights, realizing controllable entire industrial chain. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, China Energy Engineering Corporation (中国能建) focused on new power systems, deep-sea wind power, new energy storage, green hydrogen production and other directions, with an average annual increase of 16% in R&D investment, forming 12 major key technology groups; the new energy business accelerated its expansion, with cumulative contracts exceeding 1.2 trillion yuan by the end of 2024, and the development indicators of wind and solar new energy reached 31 times the total amount before 2021.
"This breaks out of traditional thinking and demonstrates China's original capabilities in the field of renewable energy," said Clement Oloyede, director of the political news department of the Nigerian Daily Trust (尼日利亚《每日信报》). These technologies are being promoted to other countries to help global green transformation.
China Energy Engineering Corporation's (中国能建) business covers 147 countries and regions, with a stable number of 110,000 international employees and a total overseas investment of approximately 1.008 billion US dollars, with "Belt and Road" projects accounting for more than 90%. In the exhibition hall, projects such as the first artificial intelligence big data center in North Africa, the Saudi 2.6 GW Al Shubah photovoltaic power station, and the Uzbekistan 1 GW Bukhara wind power station attracted Chinese and foreign reporters to stop. Merin Lopez, director of the international relations department of the Italian Controcorrente (意大利逆流外交网站), said: "China is not only advocating green transformation, but also taking action at a remarkable speed, and is a leader in the field of diversified energy."
In Turkey, protecting biodiversity, cleaning up beach garbage, and lighting the way for sea turtles to return home; in the Haiyang Power Plant in Vietnam, setting up "China-Vietnam bookshelves" and Chinese calligraphy experience areas; investing in and operating water supply projects in Brazil, and making charitable donations to local nursing homes, orphanages and other institutions... China Energy Engineering Corporation's (中国能建) practices of integrating into the local area have helped consolidate the foundation of "people-to-people connectivity".
Ni Zhen (倪真), Secretary of the Party Committee and Chairman of China Energy Engineering Corporation (中国能建), said that the company will continue to deeply cultivate new tracks such as new energy, new infrastructure, new equipment, and new materials, promote the deep integration of science and technology and industry, and contribute solid strength to the high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road".
Developing a Global Layout to Promote Cultural Exchanges Between China and Foreign Countries
By Fan Jiayuan (范佳元), reporter of this newspaper
The joint Chinese and foreign media interview group of the "Belt and Road" Media Cooperation Forum walked into Guizhou Moutai (贵州茅台), visited the workshop, watched the "Tianniang" (《天酿》) performance...
Passing through the factory area, entering the winemaking workshop built in 1956, several winemakers are performing the "Shangzeng" (上甑) operation. This seemingly simple process pays attention to "lightness, looseness, thinness, uniformity, flatness, and accuracy". New workers need to undergo 3 years of training before they can operate independently. Hundreds of years ago, people used a similar method to steam and cook the predecessor of Moutai wine - Goujiang wine (枸酱酒).
Chen Hankang (陈汉光), editor-in-chief of the Malaysian Sin Chew Daily (马来西亚《星洲日报》), said that Chinese Baijiu (白酒) has become increasingly popular in Malaysia in recent years, and Moutai (茅台) is a household name. "We are very interested in seeing its production process for the first time. Moutai (茅台) is not only a well-known brand, but also embodies cultural heritage."
In recent years, with the deepening of the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" initiative and the improvement of the international influence of Chinese culture, Guizhou Moutai (贵州茅台) has used wine as a medium and culture as a bridge to pave the way for "fragrance spreading around the world" in the global market.
From product export to brand and culture going overseas, and then to building a global wine industry dialogue platform, Moutai's (茅台) international layout has gone through decades.
In the 1950s, Moutai (茅台) entered the overseas market in the form of diplomatic gifts; since the 1990s, it has successively established branches in Hong Kong (香港), France, the United States and other places; in recent years, Moutai (茅台) has built and deeply cultivated the "six major systems" to promote the deepening and solid implementation of the internationalization process. Today, Moutai (茅台) products cover 66 countries and regions, with more than 110 overseas distributors, and the sales ratio of international duty-free channels continues to increase.
In 2024, Moutai's (茅台) annual export revenue exceeded 5 billion yuan for the first time, setting a record high. In the first three quarters of 2025, Moutai's (茅台) overseas market revenue reached 3.893 billion yuan, accounting for nearly 80% of China's total Baijiu (白酒) exports. From product structure, sales quality to supply and demand pattern, Moutai's (茅台) internationalization has entered a new stage.
While expanding overseas markets, Moutai (茅台) takes cultural going overseas as a starting point to actively enhance its global influence: appearing at the Davos Forum and APEC meetings, holding the China-France Food Festival in Paris, and combining traditional Chinese culture with contemporary art through activities such as the "Silk Road Love, Flying Dream" Dunhuang mural exhibition and overseas lion dance competitions; strengthening international brand IPs through cultural festivals and other forms, and conveying brand connotation and Chinese culture through the integration of "culture + scene".
Moutai (茅台) also enhances the synergy between distributors and brands and continuously improves channel operation capabilities through in-depth cultural experience activities such as the Super Factory Legend Tour.
On October 28, 2025, Moutai (茅台) held the first Chishui River Forum (赤水河论坛), bringing together more than 400 wine company representatives, cultural scholars and international organization guests to conduct multi-dimensional dialogues and release relevant practical results, providing new ideas for the high-quality development of the global wine industry.
Moutai (茅台) uses wine as a medium to let the world taste China and promote the continuous deepening of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.
Return to TopBy: 徐 馨
Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极), a French-Chinese painter of the 20th century, is world-renowned for his abstract paintings. For a long time, my understanding of Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) was limited to this. Earlier this year, I came to Locarno (洛迦诺), a small town in southern Switzerland. In just a few days, I followed the people here to get closer to Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) and was deeply moved by Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) and his works, as well as the understanding and love of people from distant foreign countries for him.
(I)
As soon as I got off the train, I saw Veronica Provenzale (维罗妮卡·普罗文扎莱) walking towards me—black-rimmed glasses and light golden hair reflecting golden fan-shaped earrings. Veronica (维罗妮卡) is a local art historian and the curator of the exhibition "Zao Wou-Ki: Garden of Signs." "Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) arrived in France in 1948 and came to Switzerland in 1950," she said in a brisk tone, with a hint of pride. "An old woman told me that she had a painting by Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) at home, which her husband bought at Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) solo exhibition in Locarno (洛迦诺) more than 60 years ago."
The exhibition "Zao Wou-Ki: Garden of Signs" is being held at the Casorella Museum (卡索雷拉博物馆) in Locarno (洛迦诺). This is a late 16th-century building with restrained and warm ochre-red brick. Walking into the museum, the director, Peter Sebastian (彼得·塞巴斯蒂安), had already arrived. He was shy and taciturn, but when he talked about Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极), his language was poetic and precise. Stepping on the creaking wooden stairs, we came to the exhibition hall on the top floor. The first thing that caught my eye was Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) oil painting "Tired Birds Returning to the Forest" (倦鸟归林) from 1955. Why choose this painting as the "opening"? "What Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) pursued throughout his life was to depict the invisible vitality and unnoticed rhythm, and this painting is just like that. We hope that everyone can feel the painter's pursuit," Veronica (维罗妮卡) said.
The exhibition features 89 works by Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) from 1949 to 1965. In the hearts of Sebastian (塞巴斯蒂安) and Veronica (维罗妮卡), Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) paintings highlight the open spirit of Locarno (洛迦诺). The exhibition has attracted many visitors, including European and Chinese collectors, and Sebastian (塞巴斯蒂安) and Veronica (维罗妮卡) are also very proud of the attention from Chinese media.
This exhibition features small-scale paintings. "Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) large paintings are certainly admirable, but the small paintings tell me more. They reveal extreme sensitivity, delicacy, and poetry." We came to Veronica's (维罗妮卡) favorite painting, "Grass is Growing." "Look—" she pointed to the small red bird hidden in the grass, her words full of joy, "Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) has a deep sense of perception, a unique perspective on the world, and pursues his own truth, rather than simply reproducing it. This is why I like him."
"Appreciating Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) takes time: at first, it seems that you can understand it immediately, but later you feel novel and slightly uneasy. His art is rooted in the great tradition of Chinese painting, while also full of Western modernity echoes, suspended between the two, bringing us both familiar resonance and alienated dislocation," Sebastian (塞巴斯蒂安) said. "In addition to his paintings, what resonates most with me about Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) is that he is often regarded as a bridge between Eastern and Western cultures, but he did not stick to it—he continued to travel through different cultures in a rigorous and disciplined manner. Each migration not only did not dissolve his identity, but also enriched his artistic language and became the source of his artistic creativity."
Sebastian's (塞巴斯蒂安) words reminded me of Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) contemporary friend, and one of the earliest European collectors of his works, the French poet Claude Roy (克洛德·鲁瓦): "China? France? East? West? The fact is that Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) only lives in one country—the name of this country is Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极). He buried himself deeply there."
(II)
"Look here." Wandering among the paintings, Sebastian (塞巴斯蒂安) and Veronica (维罗妮卡) sometimes discussed how to prepare for the upcoming permanent exhibition of Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) works, and sometimes signaled me to look at the inscription on the painting "To my friend Nesto (内斯托)."
Nesto Jacometti (内斯托·贾科梅蒂), a Swiss, was one of the core figures in the European printmaking innovation movement in the 1950s, and also a "hub figure" connecting artists, publishers, and exhibition halls. All the works in this exhibition come from Jacometti's (贾科梅蒂) legacy. In 1974, he donated all of his collection of 11 oil paintings, 34 paper works, and more than 100 prints by Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) to his hometown of Locarno (洛迦诺), making this small city the richest public collection of Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) works in Switzerland and even Europe.
The two met in Paris (巴黎) in 1950. A year later, Jacometti (贾科梅蒂) held two solo exhibitions for Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) in Bern (伯尔尼) and Geneva (日内瓦), Switzerland. In 1961, Jacometti (贾科梅蒂) held Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) solo exhibition for the first time at the "House of Wizards" (巫师之家), a gathering place for artists in Locarno (洛迦诺), allowing the artist community to truly understand his art. Jacometti (贾科梅蒂) wrote in the guide manual that year: "Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) painting is a true projection of a sensitive soul, like a poetic letter soaked in ancient legends, carrying the years and new life."
In 1965, the two ended their cooperation of more than 10 years. "I will always regard you as family. You are the first person to discover me and explore me. To me, you are like a brother, like a father—although we often have differences in artistic ideas, what can we do?" On February 6 of that year, Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) wrote to Jacometti (贾科梅蒂). When Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) wife, Chen Meiqin (陈美琴), was seriously ill, Jacometti (贾科梅蒂) wrote to comfort him: "Please allow me to make a suggestion, Wou-Ki (无极). Put aside the darkness, charcoal, and violence in your paintings... Return to the ancient poems in your poet's soul."
If Jacometti (贾科梅蒂) is looming in this exhibition, then the French poet and painter Henri Michaux (亨利·米修), who is also Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) most important confidant, is eye-catching. From the exhibition title "Garden of Signs" to the quotations on the walls of the exhibition hall, they all come from Michaux's (米修) poems; and the important medium that promoted the lifelong friendship between the two—two of the eight lithographs and the poems written by Michaux (米修) for the prints—are also on display for the audience. In 1949, a friend took Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) eight lithographs to Michaux (米修), who was already quite famous at the time. The next day, Michaux (米修) improvised eight poems for this Eastern painter he had never met, and then published them in a collection, making Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极), who had just arrived in Paris (巴黎), more well-known.
"Something in my life quietly emerged, and I was completely unaware of it, but Michaux (米修) understood it all," Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) wrote, looking back on this story of singing and harmony. When Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) could not pick up a paintbrush after Chen Meiqin's (陈美琴) death, Michaux (米修) suggested that he pick up ink painting again. When Michaux (米修) also passed away, Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) said that a part of his life went with him.
(III)
"Are you working well this summer? For 3 months, I have been with photos of your work, and they make me happier and happier," Roy (鲁瓦) wrote to Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) in the summer of 1956.
Today, there is also a person who likes to be accompanied by Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) paintings and obtain the highest pleasure from them, but instead of carrying photos with him, he carries a tablet computer specially used to view "Zhao's paintings." He is Peter Karls (彼得·卡尔斯), a famous maxillofacial surgeon who resides in Switzerland.
Like Veronica (维罗妮卡) and Sebastian (塞巴斯蒂安), Karls (卡尔斯) is a contemporary confidant of Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极). He travels between the United Kingdom and Switzerland all year round, making time to travel to various places to see Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) painting exhibitions. "I have been studying Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) for 8 years. My mission is to make him more widely known in regions outside of France, the United States, and China." When I met Karls (卡尔斯), he had just finished a series of continuous flights and work. "I'm really exhausted today, but as long as I talk about 'Zhao (赵)', I'm instantly fully charged!" Karls (卡尔斯) is tall and has a contagious bright smile.
"What kind of feeling does 'viewing Zhao (赵)' bring you?" I was curious about what made Karls (卡尔斯) so fond of Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极).
"It's hard to describe," Karls (卡尔斯) pondered for a moment, "It's happiness. I very much agree with Hesse's definition of happiness: deep, intense, clear, and short. Michelangelo (米开朗基罗), Cézanne (塞尚), and Zhao (赵) are the artists who bring me the ultimate sense of happiness. Language cannot touch their art, you need to stare, listen, and feel with your 'heart'."
In 2018, Karls (卡尔斯) first learned about Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) from a Sotheby's (苏富比) auction newsletter. He did his homework, put down his computer, and went directly to Paris (巴黎) to see the original works. "I was simply stunned and completely shocked by Zhao (赵)." That time, he didn't eat or drink for 6 hours. In addition to rushing between the airport and the exhibition hall, he was "nailed" in front of the paintings. "I got on the plane at the last minute, sat down and grabbed a pen and paper to keep recording what I saw that day. I have kept those 4 pages of notes." Five years later, after learning that the "Great Dao Wuji—Zao Wou-Ki Centennial Retrospective Exhibition" opened in Hangzhou (杭州), Karls (卡尔斯) took 5 days to travel back and forth between China and Switzerland. "I made 3 special trips to Paris (巴黎) in two years and saw a total of 8 paintings, but one trip to Hangzhou (杭州) allowed me to see more than 200 paintings!" Recalling this experience, Karls (卡尔斯) burst into laughter.
"I have a strong and deep desire. I want to see more of Zhao's (赵) paintings with my own eyes, and I also want more people to have such an opportunity," Karls (卡尔斯) said. "There is a German proverb: If you do nothing, luck may come once; if you devote all your energy to something, luck will come one after another."
Hundreds of emails, hundreds of kilometers of driving, and unremitting efforts. A network of European cultural and museum circles and collectors is quietly being woven under the promotion of Karls (卡尔斯). He knocked on the door of the director of the Franz Marc Museum (弗朗茨·马尔克博物馆) in Germany, promoting the meeting of the museum's collection of Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) representative work "Standing for Friends" with the public. In this process, he met Jessica Rawson (杰西卡·罗森), who is recognized by the Western academic community as an authority on the study of ancient Chinese art and culture, and who helped him establish connections with major cultural and museum centers such as the British Museum (大英博物馆), the Tate Modern (泰特现代美术馆), and the Victoria and Albert Museum (维多利亚与阿尔伯特博物馆).
In June 2025, when the Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) exhibition organized by Karls (卡尔斯) and his friends was held in Oxford (牛津), England, experts from the British cultural and museum circles were all present. After viewing the exhibition, the head of the Ashmolean Museum (阿什莫林艺术和考古博物馆) at the University of Oxford (牛津大学), which also houses Zao Wou-Ki's (赵无极) paintings, sent an email to Karls (卡尔斯): "We should hold an exhibition for Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) together."
Before leaving Locarno (洛迦诺), Sebastian (塞巴斯蒂安) gave me a gift, which was a thick retrospective exhibition catalog "Life Happiness Zao Wou-Ki (生命 幸福 赵无极)". On April 9, 2013, Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) passed away in Nyon (尼永), Switzerland. In September of the same year, Locarno (洛迦诺) held this large-scale retrospective exhibition for him. On January 15 this year, Sebastian (塞巴斯蒂安) wrote an email: "The 'Garden of Signs' just ended last Sunday, but we have already started preparing for the permanent exhibition of Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极)."
Zao Wou-Ki (赵无极) once wrote: "Around me, I can always find people who understand my work. I don't know what miracle and coincidence made me never misjudge." Yes, this miracle and coincidence continues.
(Copyright owners of "Untitled" and "Tired Birds Returning to the Forest": Swiss Copyright Collective for Literature and Visual Arts ProLitteris. Photo by Donna De Carli)
Return to TopBy: 尚凯元
In a corner of the Central Plateau of France lies a small village of just over 200 people called Saint-Géron (圣吉翁). The 2010 Shanghai World Expo made this name known to more people from afar. That year, the French Pavilion, themed "Sensual City," presented French life and culture in three dimensions with representative elements from different fields. Saint-Géron's mineral water was selected as one of them, representing the "water" category. It was also from that time that it opened the door to the Chinese market. How could the water from a small village travel so far?
The Central Plateau of France has abundant volcanic remains. Starting about 40 million years ago, the European continent collapsed during the continuous stretching of continental plates, forming a series of grabens, with deep volcanic material rising through the fissures; at the same time, under tectonic compression, the Alps gradually rose. Volcanic eruptions and related geological activities gradually subsided only about 6,000 years ago. Saint-Géron (圣吉翁) is located in the Brioude graben. Today, the fine, rising carbon dioxide bubbles in the spring water, originating from the depths of the earth, are the remaining charm of that geological epic.
In France, water has never been a transparent, simple existence, but a subject treated seriously. Like wine, many waters "with names and surnames" have clear geographical indications and source certifications. They have a legal "birth certificate" - a detailed hydrogeological report, and a complete protection and supervision system established around the water source. Drinking recommendations vary according to mineral composition and taste differences. For example, Volvic water is known for its lightness and low mineralization, and is suitable for daily drinking; Vichy water has a high degree of mineralization and has long been closely linked to therapeutic medicine. Saint-Géron (圣吉翁), as a precious natural sparkling mineral water, has fine bubbles and a mellow taste, making it a finishing touch on the table.
As early as the Roman Gaul era, the Saint-Géron (圣吉翁) water source was already known. This land has long been immersed in Roman civilization. The magnificent Romanesque Basilica of Saint-Julien, located in Brioude (布里乌德) near Saint-Géron (圣吉翁), is the most striking historical imprint on this land. Legend has it that Caesar (恺撒) also drank Saint-Géron (圣吉翁) water on his way to Gaul. When the water source was officially developed in the 19th century, ancient wooden well shafts, stone remains, and coins from the Roman Gaul period were excavated, silently confirming this drinking history.
Contrary to many people's imagination, "natural" does not mean unprocessed. Directly scooping up the freshly emerging mineral water to drink is not the best experience. Newly emerging natural mineral water often contains ferrous ions, which produce a distinct rusty taste after oxidation upon contact with air. Therefore, the factory must remove this unpleasant taste without changing the characteristics of the water, and then separate the gas and water before remixing them in the original proportions to ensure that the gas content and flavor of each bottle of water remain consistent. The intervention of modern industry allows this natural gift to maintain its authenticity and go further.
The Saint-Géron (圣吉翁) factory is located next to the old brick factory site from the last century. The juxtaposition of new and old buildings quietly tells the story of change. The new factory building has a wooden structure, humbly integrated into the field landscape, but the interior is a highly automated production line. The current head, Jean-Robert (让·罗贝尔), is in his eighties, but still has the enthusiasm of a young man, and tells the history of the factory in detail.
The output of Saint-Géron (圣吉翁) mineral water has never been large, making it difficult to attract capital from large beverage groups. Production was once suspended in the second half of the last century. Based on a firm belief in the value of the water source of their homeland, the new owners gradually repurchased and integrated the surrounding land, and even during the period of suspension, they continued to maintain the water source, ensuring that it always met strict protection standards. At the beginning of this century, Robert (罗贝尔) took over the factory and, with his lifelong experience in business management, turned losses into profits in more than 10 years.
The sweetness of Saint-Géron (圣吉翁) mineral water also benefits from France's strict agricultural environmental policies. The area surrounding the water source has long maintained non-intensive agriculture, and the use of pesticides is strictly restricted; in addition, mining directly reaches the aquifer 120 meters underground, and the nitrate content in Saint-Géron (圣吉翁) mineral water is zero, which is quite rare in today's mineral water.
In the pumping station, clear water flows continuously along the pipes, seemingly abundant and endless, but in fact, it is used in moderation. Regulatory agencies have set strict extraction limits to maintain the long-term stability of groundwater levels. Robert (罗贝尔) told me that in order to be faithful to the characteristic of "natural sparkling," the actual mining volume will be further restrained. He often personally visits high-end restaurants around the world to recommend this water to chefs. His attempts rarely fail - at a time when many water sources rely on artificial carbonation due to production pressure, Saint-Géron (圣吉翁) water seems particularly precious and pure.
When I left Saint-Géron (圣吉翁), I finally tasted the flavor of this water. It is a gift of nature, a gift of time. Every drop of water undergoes a long stay and slow flow underground before reaching the surface at just the right moment. People on the ground respond to this gift with patience, restraint, and long-term protection. This is a flowing contract, connecting the history of geology, human wisdom, and the promise of generations to the future.
Return to TopBy: 杨晓杰
Unfolding the map of New Zealand's South Island, my gaze follows the winding spine of the Southern Alps downwards. In the western mountains of the Otago region, a long, lightning-shaped expanse of deep blue quietly blooms – that is Lake Wakatipu (瓦卡蒂普湖). Queenstown (皇后镇) is on the north shore of the lake, backed by snow-capped peaks. The sky above the town is as blue as if it has been washed, and the clouds are fluffy and low, seemingly within reach. Overlooking Queenstown (皇后镇) from the air, the houses are scattered and well-arranged, surrounded by mountains and water.
Stepping out of the airport, I head towards Lake Wakatipu (瓦卡蒂普湖). Walking along the lakeside path, the air is crisp, with pebbles and fine sand underfoot, and The Remarkables and Cecil Peak (塞西尔峰) across the lake. Lake Wakatipu (瓦卡蒂普湖) is extremely calm in the early morning, shimmering with a steel-blue light, reflecting the contours of the mountains on the opposite shore.
There is an ancient and wonderful legend surrounding Lake Wakatipu (瓦卡蒂普湖): a giant beast named Matau sleeps at the bottom of the lake, and its "heartbeat" causes the lake surface to rise and fall by about 10 centimeters every 25 minutes. This phenomenon is scientifically known as a "seiche," caused by wind and air pressure in a special terrain. As I walk along the lake, I don't deliberately observe this wonderful phenomenon, but simply slow down my breathing, feeling the tranquility of the mountains, the lake, and the clouds.
The town center is right next to the pier, lively but not noisy. Moored at the pier is a steamship with a dark red hull and a straight chimney, out of place next to the modern yachts. This ship is called the TSS Earnslaw (厄恩斯洛号蒸汽船), and has been in service here for a century. Looking at it from afar, I hear the whistle "woo—" and the ship slowly moves out of sight, heading towards Walter Peak High Country Farm (瓦尔特峰高地农场). In the sound of the whistle, the seagulls that were resting on the wooden stakes of the pier flutter up.
The town is famous as the "Adventure Capital," and is lively all year round. To the east of the town is the Kawarau Bridge (卡瓦劳大桥), suspended above a verdant canyon, the birthplace of bungee jumping. Brave bungee jumpers often leap from the bridge, suddenly becoming a small dot, followed by the arc of the rope bouncing and faint cheers. But this noise doesn't seem to reach the heart of the lake; the water is still the same, leisurely and unhurried.
In the evening, the afterglow of the setting sun successively dyes the peaks of the snow-capped mountains golden red, pale purple, and finally sinks into indigo. I return to the town, sit on a lakeside bench, and watch the local children bending over to feed the swans. The aroma of coffee and grilled meat wafts from the restaurants on the street. I choose a quiet shop and order locally produced lamb chops and red wine. Outside the window, the last ray of light is extinguished in the heart of the lake, and the lights on the hillside across the lake gradually light up like stars, falling into the human world.
On the day I leave the town, I happen to see a few old wooden houses. The paint on the outer walls has faded in the wind and rain, revealing the original color and texture of the wood. These houses were left over from the gold rush era more than 100 years ago. Today, the hustle and bustle has long dissipated, and the sand and gravel on the river beach have been turned over by countless hands, looking unremarkable. Only the clusters of hydrangeas in front of the old houses, unattended, bloom year after year, not asking about the past, but quietly living in the present sunshine.
This is Queenstown (皇后镇) that I encountered. It is a majestic shadow cast by the snow-capped Southern Alps, a deep breath of Lake Wakatipu (瓦卡蒂普湖), and a flower in front of the window of an ordinary alley, blooming quietly after many seasons.
Return to TopBy: 李 黎
Three thick English manuscripts sit quietly on the desk. Opening the pages, the sound of the gavel in the Tokyo and Nanjing trial courts 80 years ago faintly echoes in my ears—a verdict on war criminals, and even more so, a resounding call for justice.
In 2025, the Memorial Hall of the Victims in Nanjing Massacre by Japanese Invaders (侵华日军南京大屠杀遇难同胞纪念馆) and Foreign Languages Press (外文出版社) jointly launched a series of English translations of historical materials on the Nanjing Massacre. The series of books chronicles the memory of the Nanjing Massacre from the perspective of foreigners, presents historical testimonies with complete judicial archives, and restores the truth of history in internationally accepted languages. It carries not only the historical memory of the Chinese nation, but also the "Memory of the World" as defined by UNESCO. In 2015, the "Nanjing Massacre Archives" was included in the "Memory of the World Register," meaning that the international community jointly recognizes this history as a common heritage of all mankind—both a legacy of trauma, warning of the extreme forms of human atrocities, and a legacy of reflection, prompting mankind to think about the universal values of peace, dignity, and human rights.
The first volume of the series, "What War Means: Japanese Atrocities in China," was published in 2023. It was written by Harold Timperley, a China correspondent for the British "Manchester Guardian" in 1938, and is the earliest English work to systematically expose the atrocities of the Nanjing Massacre to the world. Its English version was published in New York in early 1938, and the Chinese version was first published in Wuhan in July of the same year. Guo Moruo (郭沫若) sighed in the preface to the Chinese version: "It is very difficult for us to do such a fair and objective portrayal ourselves. We deeply rely on the enlightened editors and the international friends in this book who provided valuable information to the editors, risking great danger and difficulty, to do it for us. Here, not only is human sympathy overflowing, but even more so, the voice of justice is rising." This truth, initially guarded by international friends, laid the foundation for historical inquiry.
The newly published "Tokyo Trial: Evidence and Judgments on the Nanjing Massacre" and "Nanjing Trial: Evidence and Judgments on the Nanjing Massacre" (南京审判：南京大屠杀的证据与判决) (see photo, provided by Li Li (李黎)) in 2025 are the second and third volumes of the series, respectively. They select important documents such as witness testimonies, trial records, and judgments from the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and the Nanjing War Crimes Tribunal, and provide relevant annotations. The Tokyo Trial (东京审判) represents the international community's collective judicial trial of the Japanese army's aggression and its anti-human nature, while the Nanjing Trial (南京审判) reflects the thorough liquidation of specific crimes by a country and people who have suffered greatly. The judicial archives in the books clarify the basic facts of the Nanjing Massacre, with ironclad evidence. Their preciousness also lies in the fact that they simultaneously accommodate two dimensions—both the authoritative judgments made by the court based on all the evidence, and the historical details experienced by the victims.
The three volumes of documents constitute a complete cognitive framework: the immediate reports collected, sorted, and published by foreign journalists at great risk provide the first perspective of the historical scene; the trials of international tribunals represent the international community's judicial response to the atrocities; and the domestic trials in China show the specific dimensions of the trauma and the local adherence to justice. This framework allows international readers to understand the whole picture of the Nanjing Massacre from multiple perspectives, and to complete a deep understanding of history in rational cognition and emotional resonance, reflecting the positioning of "Memory of the World."
In the editing process, what touched me most was not only the shocking historical data, but also the specific individuals in the archives. Survivors described their escape experiences in detail in their testimonies, revealing not only fear between the lines, but also a persistence in life; a bill of indictment from relatives of the victims recorded not only the ordeal of their loved ones, but also the reality of the family's subsequent disintegration. Individual narratives and solemn judgments echo each other. It is the suffering of these thousands of individuals that constitutes the essence of the Nanjing Massacre, a catastrophe of civilization; and it is through the judicial confirmation of individual suffering that historical justice can be truly manifested.
Due to the age, some of the archival papers are yellowed and the handwriting is incomplete, making it difficult to identify. The review and editing team of Foreign Languages Press (外文出版社) repeatedly verified the details, carefully checking each word and sentence. An elderly translator in the team, nearly eighty years old, said: "Memories will not fade like these archives, and someone always has to do this." Regardless of the long cycle and the tediousness of revising the manuscript, this simple and firm commitment is a vivid reflection of being responsible for history and for the future.
The series of books records a deep trauma in human history. It wants to convey to the international community that the Nanjing Massacre is a historical lesson that all mankind must face together. When the archives speak, when the trials echo, when the memories are passed on, humanity can hope to see itself clearly in the mirror of history, move towards reconciliation in the reflection of trauma, and embrace peace in the adherence to truth. This may be the most profound meaning of "Memory of the World"—to let the suffering of the past illuminate the path of the future.
(The author is an associate editor of Foreign Languages Press (外文出版社))
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Layout Design: Cai Huawei (蔡华伟)
By: 郁静娴
Recently, two "lobsters" have frequently appeared in the public eye.
One is the Jiangsu Xuyi crayfish (江苏盱眙小龙虾), which became popular again during this year's National People's Congress (全国两会). According to statistics, the total output value of the Xuyi crayfish (盱眙小龙虾) industry has exceeded 40 billion yuan, driving employment and income growth for 1/6 of the county's population. Through the accounts of enriching the people, the characteristic industry fully demonstrates its vigorous vitality.
The other is the open-source artificial intelligence entity OpenClaw, known as "lobster," which has attracted widespread attention for its ability to autonomously perform tasks on users' computers. While further opening up people's imagination of the intelligent economy, it also faces limitations such as high barriers to use and the risk of data leakage.
The former swims in rice paddies and mud ponds, while the latter lurks in the depths of code. A close look at the development logic of the two reveals a methodology of adapting to local conditions everywhere.
From the perspective of cultivating characteristic industries, "adapting to local conditions" originates from an accurate grasp of comparative advantages.
Xuyi (盱眙) was once one of the economically weak counties in Jiangsu Province (江苏省). Crayfish, as an alien species, were once considered "pests" that damaged farmland. The local area "lived off the water," strengthening the entire chain layout of seedling research and development, breeding, processing, cultural tourism consumption, etc., and raised crayfish into a "big industry." What is particularly valuable is that the adaptation to local conditions in the development of the crayfish industry is not just a static concept, but a process of dynamic adjustment according to the time and situation, constantly capturing market opportunities and shaping new advantages.
Finding the right overall positioning is the key to being purposeful and amplifying advantages. Not only crayfish, but today's market is full of colorful "local specialties." Guangdong Huazhou pomelo (广东化橘红) has changed from "a medicinal herb" to "hundreds of goods," Qinghai potatoes (青海马铃薯) have become a "golden business card" for plateau agriculture, and the sour Sichuan Anyue lemons (四川安岳柠檬) reflect sweet days... Filling the market with unique characteristics, a small product can also form competitiveness. In 2025, the country has cultivated more than 100,000 agricultural product processing enterprises above designated size, and more than 180 rural industrial clusters with an output value of more than 10 billion yuan, and the future growth potential should not be underestimated.
From the perspective of the application of new quality productive forces, "adapting to local conditions" comes from the precise matching of application scenarios.
In this "crayfish farming" craze surrounding open-source intelligent entities, Longgang District (龙岗区), Shenzhen (深圳), Guangdong (广东) took the lead in releasing "Ten Lobster Articles" to support the creation of a preferred destination for global intelligent entity entrepreneurship. Why target intelligent entity innovation and entrepreneurship? The local answer is: the industrial and supply chain foundation is solid, the reserve of innovative talents is sufficient, and the data and digital ecology are good, providing massive scenarios and markets for AI (artificial intelligence) to land, and the active flow of data is the key to AI model training and algorithm iteration. This brings cold thinking to some regions that follow suit.
To develop new quality productive forces, we must adhere to starting from reality and adapting to local conditions. It must be seen that artificial intelligence is not effective once used, nor can it be used once and for all. If we copy "foreign experience" regardless of our own conditions, it will inevitably lead to acclimatization and resource mismatch. From smart watches to AI glasses, from smart farms to unmanned factories, in the surging wave of AI accelerating the empowerment of thousands of industries, only by deeply integrating technological innovation and industrial innovation can we truly gain a firm foothold in the digital ecological position of products.
The "15th Five-Year Plan" outline has been officially released, and from the perspective of the country's medium- and long-term plan, the wisdom of "adapting to local conditions" runs through it. Focusing on optimizing the development pattern of territorial space, it proposes to "improve differentiated support policies and assessment and evaluation mechanisms for different functional areas"; focusing on new urbanization, it proposes to "further improve the mechanism for linking 'people, land, and money'," and areas with large population inflows are expected to receive more resource support; focusing on county-level industries that enrich the people, it proposes to "cultivate strong agricultural counties, large industrial counties, and famous tourist counties according to local conditions"... Implementing policies according to categories and targeting efforts, the supply always revolves around demand, and productivity can be fully released.
It is now the vernal equinox, and wheat in the north is beginning to rise, and early rice seedlings in the south are in full swing. Grasping the soil and water and temperature difference, and seeking development based on one's own advantages, this is the only law for the growth of all things. Adapting to local conditions, guiding according to the situation, innovating and working hard, seizing opportunities, and stepping on the pace of progress in the spring will surely inject stronger vitality into high-quality development.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 姜晓丹 郭晓龙
The Chaoshan Plain (潮汕平原) at 23 degrees north latitude is a place where the aroma of braised lion's head goose is a culinary symbol deeply ingrained in the region's DNA. In Fujin (富锦), Heilongjiang (黑龙江) at 47 degrees north latitude, flocks of lion's head geese on the black soil are playing a lively tune of advancing cold-region breeding.
"Look at their spirit; who would have thought that four years ago, these 'distinguished guests' originally from Guangdong (广东) would almost not survive in our cold region?" Lin Qing Shuang (林清双), a technician at Heilongjiang Liangdu Hua'e Lion's Head Goose Farm, said as she stroked the thick feathers of a lion's head goose, her eyes full of emotion.
From the initial trial of the first batch of a hundred breeding eggs crossing the Yangtze River northward in 2022 to the mature stage of coordinated development of the entire industrial chain in both regions today, the "northward migration" of the Shantou Chenghai (汕头澄海) lion's head goose has not only solved the land bottleneck of southern breeding but also cultivated new momentum for rural revitalization on the black soil. This species domestication spanning thousands of miles is also a vivid practice of complementary resources and industrial collaboration between the north and the south.
Starting from Chaoshan (潮汕): The Goose King Seeks a Path, High-Quality Breeds Go North to Break Bottlenecks
Shantou Chenghai (汕头澄海) is the core hinterland of the 300-year breeding history of the lion's head goose. This "Goose King" with a fleshy瘤 on its head and striding proudly is a homesickness engraved in the bones of the Chaoshan people and a national-level livestock and poultry genetic resource. Adult lion's head geese can weigh up to 20 pounds, with firm meat and rich fat. After braising, the aroma fills the streets. Relying on this unique flavor, the Chenghai lion's head goose supports a local industrial cluster worth tens of billions of yuan. Data from 2025 shows that the total industrial chain output of Shantou (汕头) lion's head goose has exceeded 10 billion yuan, with an annual output of about 12 million geese, driving employment for more than 100,000 people throughout the chain, becoming a pillar industry for rural revitalization in Shantou.
The Chaoshan Plain (潮汕平原), where every inch of land is precious, can no longer accommodate the expansion and development of the lion's head goose industry. Looking at the crowded flocks of geese in his own farm, Xu Wei Han (徐伟汉), general manager of Shantou Zhengzhi Poultry Co., Ltd. (汕头市正治禽业有限公司), who has been deeply involved in lion's head goose breeding for decades, said with emotion: "The Chenghai (澄海) lion's head goose is a golden brand, but there is only so much land. We have good breeds, but it is difficult to expand new space." This is also a common problem for many local breeders and entrepreneurs, who are guarding high-quality breeds but are trapped in a development bottleneck due to the saturation of land resources.
A turning point came in 2022 when a cooperation invitation from the Harbin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (哈尔滨市农科院) brightened Xu Wei Han's (徐伟汉) eyes. The vast black soil of Northeast China is fertile, and the cost of feed materials such as corn and soybeans is low. In addition, the natural love of Northeasterners for goose meat makes it an ideal fertile ground for the national layout of the lion's head goose industry. He immediately decided to join hands with Fujin (富锦) to start the "Southern Goose Breeding in the North" experiment, allowing the Chenghai (澄海) high-quality breeds to cross the river northward and take a chance.
This "northward migration" was difficult at the beginning. Goose eggs were difficult to hatch, and the goslings that had traveled thousands of miles by plane and car also encountered serious acclimatization when they first landed in Fujin (富锦): The high protein content of northern feed caused gout, improper temperature and humidity control in the sheds led to serositis, and frequent outbreaks of diseases such as E. coli caused heavy casualties among the lion's head goslings. When the news reached Chenghai (澄海), Xu Wei Han (徐伟汉) quickly sent technical backbones north. This group of technicians who grew up guarding the Chaoshan (潮汕) goose sheds, with practical breeding experience, plunged into the goose sheds and lived with local staff. The Fujin (富锦) Municipal Government also immediately provided support, setting up special technical research funds and inviting a national-level waterfowl expert team from the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (黑龙江省农科院) to be stationed on-site to tackle the problems.
Experts from the north and south sat around to study the cause of the disease, adjusted the temperature and humidity parameters of the gosling sheds, improved the local feed formula, and taught the breeders how to do a good job in epidemic prevention and disinfection. One difficulty after another was overcome. In the spring of 2023, good news came from Fujin (富锦): The first batch of northern domesticated lion's head geese successfully laid eggs, and the survival rate of artificially hatched goslings was stable at over 85%. Seeing the video of the geese frolicking in the snow, the stone hanging in Xu Wei Han's (徐伟汉) heart finally fell to the ground, and he felt that the resilience of life was far beyond imagination.
After the initial victory, Shantou (汕头) accelerated the construction of seed source and technical support for the "northward migration" of the lion's head goose. In March 2025, the Chenghai Lion's Head Goose Incubation Base, jointly operated by Shantou Zhengzhi Poultry (汕头正治禽业) and Fujin Liangdu Hua'e (富锦粮都华鹅), was put into operation, successfully overcoming the "Northern Breeding Code," ending the single model of "Chenghai incubation + Fujin breeding," and realizing the localization of lion's head goose breeding in Northeast China. Data from January 2026 shows that the number of lion's head goslings transported north from Shantou (汕头) has increased from the initial 10,000 to over 110,000, which not only solved the bottleneck of breeding land in Chenghai (澄海) but also extended the breeding map from Fujin (富锦) to Jilin (吉林), Xinjiang (新疆) and other provinces and regions, realizing the national layout of high-quality breeds.
"This 'northward migration' is not a simple industrial transfer, but a win-win situation for complementary resources between the north and the south." The head of the Shantou Lion's Head Goose Industry Association (汕头狮头鹅产业协会) said frankly that Chenghai (澄海) is guarding the core advantages of seed source breeding, providing pure high-quality breeds and mature technology for the north, while the north is expanding new space for industrial development. "The seed source is in Chenghai (澄海), and the market is in the whole country. This is the real future of the Goose King."
Rooted in Fujin (富锦): Conquering Difficulties in Cold Regions, Southern Geese Become "Golden Phoenixes"
In Fujin (富锦) at 47 degrees north latitude, the midwinter temperature is as low as minus 30 degrees Celsius, and the cold wind roars past with ice chips, freezing the land hard. This extremely cold environment once made the Chenghai (澄海) lion's head goose, which came from afar, almost "suffer a setback." In 2022, the first batch of 150 Shantou (汕头) breeding eggs experienced high temperatures and bumps during long-distance transportation, and only more than 40 goslings were hatched. The huge differences in climate and feed between the north and the south caused the goslings to suffer from gout and serositis one after another. Only 7 survived after the first winter.
This almost "total annihilation" attempt did not extinguish the determination of Fujin (富锦) breeders. Instead, it made them realize that to allow southern geese to take root in the black soil, they could not simply copy the Shantou (汕头) model and must find a localized path in the cold region. With the experience support of Shantou (汕头) technicians, the Fujin (富锦) breeding team began a technical battle with the cold weather and a run-in with the soil and water.
Lin Qing Shuang (林清双) became the "goose keeper" in the goose shed. He and experts from the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (黑龙江省农科院) "moved" the laboratory to the goose shed. They replaced the thermometer in the brooding shed three times and revised the temperature control plan more than a dozen times. They stayed by the goslings day and night, staring at the thermometer scale, observing the goslings' feeding and activity status, and exploring the temperature regulation rules in cold regions. Finally, they developed the "gradient temperature control" method: Keep the goslings at a constant temperature of 37 degrees Celsius for the first 3 days after hatching, and then gradually decrease by 2 degrees Celsius every week to allow the goslings to gradually adapt to the outdoor low temperature, fundamentally solving the problem of poor cold resistance. After the temperature problem was solved, the localization and adaptation of feed was put on the agenda. Li Wen Han (李文瀚), deputy director of the Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center Livestock Station of Fujin City (富锦市动物疫病预防控制中心畜牧站), led the team, combined with the local corn and soybean resource advantages, and repeatedly debugged hundreds of times on the basis of the Shantou (汕头) feed formula to develop a "Fujin exclusive feed formula."
The formula, which is mainly composed of silage, straw, and soybean meal, not only meets the digestive habits of the lion's head goose and solves the diseases caused by feed incompatibility, but also makes the goose meat grown in cold regions firmer. At the same time, the team established a dynamic disease monitoring system, and vaccinated specifically according to the characteristics of cold-region diseases, building a solid defense line for the health of the goose flock.
The deep integration of northern and southern technologies has allowed this southern "distinguished guest" to take root in the black soil. Today, the survival rate of lion's head geese has jumped from less than 30% at the beginning to 92%. Fujin (富锦) people have successfully domesticated the Fujin (富锦) series of lion's head geese that are adapted to growing in cold regions. In 2025, the output of lion's head geese in Fujin (富锦) exceeded 100,000, and the industry output value exceeded 50 million yuan. The southern geese that came from afar have truly become "golden phoenixes" raised in cold regions.
The prosperity of the industry has spread to thousands of households in Fujin (富锦), and the lion's head goose has become a "wealth goose" for farmers to increase their income. Yu Yong (于永), a breeder in Xinglonggang Town (兴隆岗镇), Fujin City (富锦市), raised 500 lion's head geese with the company in 2025. The company provided goslings, customized feed, technical guidance, and epidemic prevention services throughout the process, and also recovered adult geese at the door. The recovery price was stable at 18 yuan per catty, and the annual net income was more than 50,000 yuan, which was more cost-effective than planting 10 hectares of land. "It's reassuring to raise geese with the company! You don't have to worry about technology, and you don't have to worry about sales." Yu Yong's words express the aspirations of local breeders. Today, there are 25 such breeders in Fujin (富锦), with an annual breeding volume of 35,000, directly driving local economic growth of 2.45 million yuan. Cold-region goose breeding has become a characteristic path for rural revitalization in Fujin.
Northern and Southern Harmony: A Blend of Flavors, One Goose Spreads Its Wings on the Road to Revitalization
A "northward migration" spanning thousands of miles has allowed the lion's head goose to take root in cold regions, and has also deeply integrated the flavors and resources of the north and the south, maximizing the value of the goose and embarking on a path of rural revitalization through northern and southern collaboration.
The "Uncle Xin Shuai Goose Lion's Head Goose Theme Restaurant" in the urban area of Fujin (富锦市) is always full of seats. The Northeastern specialty iron pot stewed goose is bubbling, and the soup is wrapped in tender goose meat, absorbing the mellow aroma of Northeastern miso, showing the boldness of the Northeast; the improved braised goose with Chaoshan (潮汕) flavor is fragrant, with a ruddy and shiny surface and chewy meat. A high-quality braised goose can sell for 1198 yuan. "The number of customers in winter has increased by 20%, and the daily sales have exceeded 3,000 yuan. Customers from the north and the south love to eat this." Sun Xiao Fu (孙孝福), the head of the restaurant, said that this is the best embodiment of the integration of northern and southern flavors.
The lion's head goose is a "treasure all over its body." Fujin (富锦) continues to work hard on intensive processing, sending breeding companies and chefs to Chenghai (澄海) in the south to learn authentic braised goose skills, and adjusting the formula according to Northeastern tastes, so that the Chaoshan (潮汕) braised aroma can be rejuvenated in the black soil; at the same time, relying on Shantou (汕头) processing technology, it has developed derivative products such as braised goose palms, goose meatballs, and goose down quilts. Goose meat, goose liver, goose down, and goose eggs are used to their full potential, with a comprehensive utilization rate of over 90%, realizing the transformation from "raising geese to eat meat" to full-chain value-added.
In the Fujin Liangdu Hua'e Theme Culture Museum (富锦粮都华鹅主题文化馆), products such as goose eggs, fresh goose meat, braised goose products, and goose down quilts are dazzling, attracting tourists from Harbin (哈尔滨), Jiamusi (佳木斯) and other places to check in and experience. Tourists taste goose banquets and buy goose products. The "goose economy" with goose as the core drives the integrated development of agriculture, culture, and tourism in Fujin (富锦), making the lion's head goose a local characteristic tourism business card.
The brand influence of the lion's head goose is also constantly climbing in the "northward migration." In 2024, "Fujin Lion's Head Goose" (富锦狮头鹅) was rated as a national famous, special, excellent, and new agricultural product, and was placed on the table of the Asian Winter Games Athletes Village, attracting countless fans at the Green Food Expo and the Harbin Trade Fair; Shantou Chenghai Lion's Head Goose (汕头澄海狮头鹅) relies on liquid nitrogen lock-fresh technology to allow braised goose pre-made dishes to go abroad and spread its fragrance to Southeast Asia. Northern and southern lion's head geese have their own characteristics and have become regional business cards.
The north and the south each give full play to their strengths. Shantou (汕头) optimizes seed source breeding and processing technology, providing solid support for the northern industry; Fujin (富锦) strengthens cold-region breeding and the local market, expanding new space for the Shantou (汕头) industry, forming a collaborative pattern of "northern breeding and southern sales, southern technology for northern use."
Today, the "northward migration" story of the lion's head goose is still being continued: Shantou (汕头) is building a 10 billion yuan-level industrial cluster integrating breeding, processing, cultural creation, and tourism with the Lion's Head Goose Industrial City as the core; Fujin (富锦) plans to expand the breeding scale to 300,000 and build a modern Lion's Head Goose Industrial Park. "Next year, we will let this 'cold-region goose' fly all over the country's tables." Lin Qing Shuang (林清双) looked at the thriving goose flock in the goose shed, his eyes full of anticipation.
From the Chaoshan Plain (潮汕平原) to the black soil of Heilongjiang (黑龙江), this lion's head goose has completed a stunning "northward migration" across thousands of miles, and has also written a vivid practice of industrial collaboration between the north and the south, injecting a steady stream of strong momentum into rural revitalization.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 孙海天
In Tunchang County (屯昌县), Hainan (海南), Jiatang Village (佳塘村), Nanlü Town (南吕镇). Before the morning mist had fully dissipated, Zheng Xianming (郑贤明), the first secretary stationed in the village, was already running towards the fields in his rubber boots.
Stepping on the wet and muddy ridges, he squatted down in front of a pond. Here, the small lotus had just revealed its pointed tips. It turned out that the "Space Lotus No. 36" (太空莲36号), planted at the end of last year, had already emerged from the water in a competitive manner. Pointing to the green expanse, Zheng Xianming's tone was full of anticipation: "Don't look at the fact that the leaves haven't fully unfolded yet, the lotus seeds underneath have basically grown. Around the 'May Day' (五一) holiday, they will bloom and bear fruit. Whether this 500-plus mu lotus pond can become a success depends on this year."
Two years ago, Jiatang Village (佳塘村) was not like this.
In June 2024, Zheng Xianming (郑贤明), who was responsible for farmland construction management at the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (省农业农村厅), came to the village. What lay before him was a large village with more than 3,200 people, a large outflow of young people, abandoned land, and a village collective economy that had once been zero, making it a notorious "weak and disorganized village" (软弱涣散村).
"No people, no money, and the land is fragmented. How do you calculate this?" Zheng Xianming (郑贤明) decided to start by taking stock of the village's assets.
The village's 62.5 mu of fish ponds, which had been idle for many years, were previously contracted out privately at low prices, with rent of only 360,000 yuan, for several decades, becoming a "long-standing difficult problem" (老大难) for the village. Zheng Xianming (郑贤明) put on a stern face and led the village's two committees to clean up overdue contracts and promote the trading of "three assets" (三资) in the market.
An "auction in the sun" opened the villagers' eyes: through public bidding at the Rural Property Rights Trading Center (农村产权交易中心), this dormant asset was auctioned off for a high price of 1.05 million yuan.
"With this money, the village finally had 'start-up capital.' But clearing the accounts is only the first step. To make the road passable, you have to make people feel good," said Wu Hong (吴洪), the village party branch secretary. Newly appointed after the recent election, he is now Zheng Xianming's (郑贤明) good partner.
How to spend the "first pot of gold"? Zheng Xianming (郑贤明) and Wu Hong (吴洪) were busy calculating at the village committee's office desk, but they were always on guard: "Our foundation is weak, we can't just 坐吃山空 (zuò chī shān kōng - "sit and eat mountain empty," to live off one's savings without replenishing them), we have to find a way to generate blood for a long time."
With the abacus clicking, the funds were exchanged for "iron oxen." Because the village's land was fragmented, Zheng Xianming (郑贤明) used his professional expertise to promote "small fields into large fields" and took the opportunity to form an agricultural machinery service team. These 10 large machines became "sweet pastries" (香饽饽) in the fields. Not only did they cultivate the land in the village, but they also went to Qionghai (琼海) and Wenchang (文昌) across cities and counties to take orders, earning a net profit of more than 200,000 yuan last year.
With the abacus clicking again, the funds attracted "good seeds." "Doing agriculture can't just talk about feelings, you have to calculate the accounts to the bone." Zheng Xianming (郑贤明) casually broke off a branch and drew his "exploration path" for reporters on the muddy ground of the field ridge.
"In the past, we only grew ordinary rice, which cost 90 cents per jin. After deducting labor and fertilizer, the villagers didn't have much left in their pockets." The branch drew a line in the mud. "We tried to introduce Space Lotus, which can be viewed for its flowers and eaten for its lotus seeds. Fresh lotus pods are a hot commodity in city supermarkets. The gross income per mu is 2,970 yuan, and the net profit is nearly 2,000 yuan after deducting costs!"
"The village also cooperates with Nanfan (南繁) companies to create the 'Jiatang Fragrant Rice' (佳塘香米) brand. The company guarantees the purchase, and the wet rice is 1.5 yuan per jin. Although it won't make a fortune, it can provide a safety net for the villagers." Zheng Xianming (郑贤明) threw the branch in his hand and patted the dirt on his hands. "First, let everyone see that farming is not a loss, and then people's hearts can be gathered together."
This year, the abacus beads in Jiatang Village (佳塘村) were dialed quite frequently: Australian freshwater lobsters were introduced for rice-shrimp co-culture, with the village collective providing land and the enterprise providing technology, sharing risks; orders for high-quality fragrant rice continued... As a result, in 2025, the village collective income exceeded the 2 million yuan mark.
Faced with this number, Zheng Xianming (郑贤明) did not "float": "Don't look at the fact that the accounts look good now, but the industry has only just begun to solve the problem. Putting the abandoned land to use and solving the historical legacy problems is only the first step in a long march."
Near noon, at the construction site of the "Lotus Seed驿站" (莲子驿站) project at the entrance of the village, workers are stepping up construction. According to the plan, a cafe suspended above the lotus pond will be built here in June this year.
"If you want the industry to truly get on the right track, it will take three to five years of deep cultivation." Looking at this construction site, Zheng Xianming (郑贤明) revealed his heart. "We have only solved the survival problem now. The next step is to engage in agricultural tourism integration and build a cafe to make the village more livable. But this all needs to be nurtured slowly, and we can't rush it."
At lunchtime, the aroma of food wafted from the farmhouses at the entrance of the village. Technicians from the Australian lobster breeding base, college students returning home for the New Year, and village cadres who had been busy all morning sat around a table. The topics of discussion ranged from the feed ratio of Australian lobsters to the time difference for the listing of Space Lotus, to the highway that will soon be open to traffic at the entrance of the village.
The warm wind is gentle, and the lotus leaves in the lotus pond of Jiatang Village (佳塘村) are lush. A new picture of agricultural tourism integration is slowly unfolding with vigorous vitality.
Return to TopBy: 鲁 青
What stories are hidden in the library buildings?
In 1585, Fan Qin (范钦), at the venerable age of 80, was nearing the end of his life. His greatest concern was the fate of his collection of over 70,000 volumes and the Tianyi Pavilion (天一阁). In his will, he presented his descendants with a century-long dilemma: divide the inheritance into two portions, one being ten thousand taels of silver, and the other being the Tianyi Pavilion and all its books, allowing the two branches of the family to choose. Each branch could only inherit one portion. Those who inherited the silver could spend it freely, while those who inherited the library would have to forever bear the responsibility of protecting the books and the building. Ultimately, the eldest son, Fan Dachong (范大冲), took on this "arduous task." While maintaining and supplementing the Tianyi Pavilion's collection, he also established the family rule of "no division of books among generations, no books leaving the pavilion." Unless all branches gathered the keys to the bookcases, they could not be unlocked. Huang Zongxi's (黄宗羲) lament at the beginning of his "Record of Books in Tianyi Pavilion" – "Reading is difficult, collecting books is even more difficult, and keeping them from scattering for a long time is the most difficult of all" – became the most prominent annotation of the Tianyi Pavilion's journey through wind and rain.
Not only Tianyi Pavilion, but also Guoyun Lou (过云楼), Yuhai Lou (玉海楼), Haiyuan Ge (海源阁), Chujing Tang (锄经堂), Xiaoxiaojing Ge (小校经阁), Chen's Five Buildings (陈氏五楼), Benyuan Library (贲园书库), Tieqin Tongjian Lou (铁琴铜剑楼), Jiaye Library (嘉业藏书楼), Heshun Library (和顺图书馆), National Archives of Publications and Culture (中国国家版本馆)... "Ascending the Library: The Chinese Literary Heritage in Library Buildings" focuses on these 12 carefully selected library buildings. Behind them lies the cultural miracle of "libraries existing together," the arduous journey of Chinese culture's preservation and transmission, and the safeguarding code for the continuous existence of Chinese civilization.
The history of library buildings can be traced back to the Zhou Dynasty. Since the Han Dynasty, successive dynasties have established specialized institutions for collecting books. The reason for investing so much effort in collecting and protecting classics is the belief that: if the classics do not perish, the culture will not perish. The ingenuity of the ancients can be seen in the architecture of the library buildings. The Ningbo Tianyi Pavilion (宁波天一阁) is the oldest existing private library building in China, with a history of over 400 years. It faces south, named according to the concept of "Heaven creates water," and its gable-roofed architectural structure, towering firewalls, and the water pool in front of the building constitute a precise and practical fire protection system, which also became the blueprint for the imitation construction of the seven pavilions of the "Complete Library of the Four Treasuries" (《四库全书》) in the Qing Dynasty. This solid armor and this solid barrier are all for the sake of protecting the foundation of the library building – the classics. The Tianyi Pavilion has a collection of nearly 300,000 volumes of ancient books, among which the Ming Dynasty local chronicles and imperial examination records are particularly valuable. For example, a copy of the "Hongzhi Twelfth Year Metropolitan Examination Record" (《弘治十二年会试录》) is evidence of Wang Yangming's (王阳明), a great Confucian scholar of the Ming Dynasty, participating in the metropolitan examination in 1499. It clearly records the examination process, the list of admitted candidates, and the examiners' comments on Wang Yangming, providing valuable original materials for later historical research.
Classics are never specimens that are static in the library buildings, but rather the flowing bloodline of civilization. What truly makes the library buildings "alive" are always those who silently hold the lamp in history, allowing the literary heritage to cross rivers and seas and be passed down from generation to generation.
In the 1930s, an octagonal building called "Xiaoxiaojing Ge" (小校经阁) in Shanghai not only housed about 100,000 books, but also gathered 28,000 pieces of oracle bones, making it the largest private collection of oracle bones at home and abroad. However, the owner, Liu Tizhi (刘体智), always had a regret in his heart. The "oracle bone fever" caused the loss and destruction of cultural relics: some antique dealers fabricated the place of origin of oracle bones in order to monopolize them; some unscrupulous merchants divided oracle bones into two, just to sell them for twice the price; foreigners searched everywhere, and oracle bones had been scattered to more than 10 countries and regions... Simply collecting was obviously weak, and Liu Tizhi urgently hoped that his collection could serve academic research, so he rubbed more than 20,000 pieces of oracle bones and bound them into "Compilation of Book Contracts" (《书契丛编》), and asked someone to take them to Japan to Guo Moruo (郭沫若), who selected 1,595 pieces from them and wrote "Compilation of Yin Remains" (《殷契粹编》), which caused a sensation in the academic world.
There are too many such stories. In Nanxun (南浔), Zhejiang, Liu Chengan (刘承幹), the owner of the Jiaye Library, who was jokingly called "silly young master" by Mr. Lu Xun (鲁迅), started working as a "publisher" from the third year of collecting books, regardless of cost or return, and successively published more than 3,000 volumes of rare books, just "to make unseen books into thousands of incarnations, to share them with the world for future generations." In Fujian, the Fujian Provincial Library, the Fujian Normal University Library, and major universities in the province all have books stamped with the "Chen's Five Buildings Collection Seal" (陈氏五楼藏书印). Influenced by the trend of thought and academic style of practical application in the late Qing Dynasty, Chen Baozhen (陈宝琛), the owner of Chen's Five Buildings, donated his lifelong collection of books. Under his leadership, major collectors in Fujian also responded, "It is better to store books in public than in private."
Time is the enemy of books, and the erosion of time is objective and ruthless; but time is also a witness to civilization, and ancient texts and profound culture have been able to thrive in the circulation of generations. The inheritance of culture never stops, and the story of the library building continues.
At the beginning of the 20th century, in Heshun Ancient Town (和顺古镇), Tengchong (腾冲), Yunnan, overseas Chinese who worked hard in foreign countries did not build houses or buy land with the money they earned, but instead sent it back to China from thousands of miles away to raise funds to buy books. Locals donated money for birthday celebrations and weddings. After a town-wide cultural crowdfunding campaign, the library in the remote mountain village was finally built. 轻舟已过万重山 (qīng zhōu yǐ guò wàn chóng shān - "a light boat has already passed ten thousand mountains," after experiencing many difficulties, one can finally relax). Today, the Heshun Library is showered with love, with continuous social donations. The national key cultural project selected this place, and the Chinese Re-creation of Rare Books Building was built. As the only rural library in Yunnan selected for the "National First-Class" category, the Heshun Library also took the lead in launching digital reading services. In Heshun Town, which has 8,000 permanent residents, as many as 3,000 people have applied for library cards. Guo Qiang (郭强), a liquefied gas deliveryman, has become the "top borrower" on the Heshun Library's borrowing list with more than 1,000 books borrowed over 30 years. Reading is constantly opening up new worlds for the people of Heshun.
The narrative of "Ascending the Library" clearly outlines a path of safeguarding Chinese culture: from the initial private secret collection to the public inheritance of the people, and finally rising to a national cultural strategy. The book records how the precious classics of Guoyun Lou, Tieqin Tongjian Lou, and other library buildings, under the profound understanding of later generations, stepped out of private buildings and entered public libraries, marking an important transformation from the "private collection of one family" in traditional book collection culture to the "public collection of the world" benefiting the general public. This transformation itself is also a manifestation of the strong vitality of Chinese culture. And this safeguarding thread finally converges in the new era's national cultural palace – the National Archives of Publications and Culture of China (中国国家版本馆). This national cultural seed bank, which integrates collection, research, and display, provides a systematic and professional platform for the protection and inheritance of classics, and also marks a new stage in the safeguarding of classics.
The quietly standing library building is like a civilization ark carrying the Chinese literary heritage through thousands of years. From the personal dedication, to the family's inheritance from generation to generation, and then to the nation's mission and responsibility, the sense of responsibility for safeguarding the spark of civilization has been inherited in the changing times. When young readers discover that ancient texts can become trendy and interesting, and the wisdom of their ancestors can still inspire today's life, the sense of pride and identity that arises from their bloodline is the foundation for the steady and long-term development of this civilization ark, and also the solid foundation of our cultural confidence.
("Ascending the Library: The Chinese Literary Heritage in Library Buildings": Edited by Gu Daoyuan (顾道远) and Lu Qing (鲁青), written by Tong Detian (童德田) et al.; published by Jiangsu Phoenix Fine Arts Publishing House)
Return to TopBy: 库桂生
"War and Industry" is a military history book, and also a work of economic history. This monograph breaks away from the usual routine, not limited to the enumeration of weapon evolution, but constructs a unique analytical framework, that is, based on the "symbiosis" and "misalignment" of war and industry as an implicit main line, systematically analyzing the complex dialectical relationship between war forms and industrial capabilities that both promote and restrict each other.
The demands of war are a catalyst for industrial development, providing the latter with a clear direction and enormous resources. The arsenals that dotted Europe during the Napoleonic era, the full mobilization of the American arms industry during World War II, and the fierce competition surrounding nuclear and aerospace technologies during the Cold War all repeatedly demonstrate that cutting-edge industrial capabilities and a vast industrial base are often forged when national security faces severe challenges. Every leap in industry—from the steam engine to the internal combustion engine, from electricity to atomic energy, from computers to the Internet—is invariably applied to the military field, shaping the face, scale, pace, and even ethics of war. The author incisively points out that the rewriting of the face of war by industry is "unparalleled in the entire military history in terms of depth and scope."
While sorting out the symbiotic relationship between war and industry, the author attempts to reveal the subtle and profound misalignment between the two. This misalignment is reflected in multiple levels. First, there is the misalignment between technological application and military thought. As detailed in the book, revolutionary weapons such as aircraft carriers and tanks initially encountered "embarrassment" because they were incompatible with traditional military thinking. Industrial progress cannot always immediately stimulate corresponding tactical revolutions, and the strong inertia of old military thinking often leads to the waste of valuable strategic opportunity periods. Second, there is the misalignment between industrial capacity and war objectives. Industry has given mankind unprecedented destructive capabilities, and its most extreme product—nuclear weapons—has undergone a "mutation" in its main function. "A paradox emerges: the atomic bomb is a weapon, but its purpose is to prevent war," and the motivation deviates from the result. Third, there is the misalignment between industrial development and human ethics. The tragic scenes of the two world wars have prompted the international community to issue various dense regulations. While industry gives mankind greater power, it also forces mankind to think about how to control this power. This ethical reflection and constraint is precisely the constructive result of "misalignment."
In narration, this book embodies a solid historical foundation and a clear logical structure. In the author's writing, the epoch-making reforms of Maurice, the groundbreaking tactical evolution of Napoleon (拿破仑), the rewriting of the face of war by "the initial appearance of machines," and every step of development in mechanized warfare, air power theory, nuclear revolution, and even information warfare are supported by detailed analysis and insightful historical facts. The author not only pays attention to the innovation of "hardware," but also attaches importance to the evolution of "software," and gives full discussion to the evolution of joint operations thinking and the ideological struggle behind military reforms, making this work rich in content and solid in its argument.
This book brings to readers not only the intertwined picture of technology and war, but also serious questions and reflections. When we marvel at the magical effectiveness of precision-guided weapons, we must also be wary of the ethical dilemmas brought about by the "one-way transparency" of war behind them; when we accept "peace" under nuclear terror, we cannot ignore the risks of a new round of arms race and strategic imbalance. In history, "mankind's beautiful vision of machines quickly dissipated in the smoke-filled, roaring explosions." In the new environment, the danger of war has not gone away, and it still tests human wisdom and determination.
"War and Industry" integrates technology, military affairs, politics, economics, and social history into a coherent picture, building a bridge for us to understand the past, examine the present, and look forward to the future. It has certain reference value for professionals, and it is also worth reading and thinking about for readers who care about the fate of mankind and the future of the world.
(The author is a professor at the National Defense University (国防大学). This article is a preface to the book "War and Industry." This edition has been abridged, and the title was added by the editor.)
Return to TopBy: 陈楸帆
As a science fiction writer, the most frequently asked question is: Today's technological development speed has exceeded imagination, so how can science fiction still be written?
I understand this confusion. When I wrote "Waste Tide" 12 years ago, brain-computer interfaces and cyborgs were still very distant to readers. But when I wrote "Calm Sea," ChatGPT swept the globe in a matter of months, and brain-computer interfaces had entered human clinical trials. Many of the technical details I fictionalized in the novel have been caught up by reality.
Later, I understood one thing: science fiction was never meant to predict the future. Jules Verne did not predict submarines, Isaac Asimov did not predict the Internet, and Liu Cixin (刘慈欣) did not predict the emergence of large language models when he wrote "The Three-Body Problem." But Jules Verne's "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea" is still fascinating, and the "dark forest theory" in "The Three-Body Problem" has become a common term for discussing civilizational relationships. The real power of science fiction lies not in predicting technological trends, but in providing a unique cognitive tool that helps us jump out of the inertia of daily experience and examine the world, society, and individuals with a new perspective.
That's what "Calm Sea" wants to do. In this story set in the future, I designed an isomorphic metaphor: an old man's Alzheimer's disease and the collapse of the entire Earth's ecosystem. On one side is the loss of individual memory, and on the other is species extinction and ocean current turbulence. The latter is due to the collective amnesia of human civilization, which selectively forgets the costs behind convenience while enjoying the conveniences of modern life. This scale shift from individual neurons to planetary ecology is a unique narrative ability of science fiction, which short videos cannot do, and news reports cannot easily achieve.
There is also a set of contrasts in the book that I particularly like: large language model LLM and large insane intelligence LILA. Today's AI is trained to be more and more correct, removing some chaotic and non-standard data, while LILA was born from discarded data garbage, although it does not follow logic, it has a wild wisdom. I started doing AI writing experiments in 2017 and have a very personal experience with this. The text generated by AI is too smooth, like a fingerprint-free glass, while human experience is rough, with body temperature, and has cracks. Good literature needs friction.
Writing needs friction, and so does reading. Reading a difficult book is essentially an adversarial training. The author makes a move: unfamiliar narrative, multiple perspectives, multi-line intertwined structure. The reader takes the move: confusion, persistence, breakthrough. This process will be uncomfortable, like the muscle soreness when running, but soreness means that cognitive abilities are growing. Short videos cancel this confrontation. It follows your laziness and preferences, letting you slide all the way down. We are surrounded by massive amounts of information fragments every day, and the brain is accustomed to passively receiving rapid stimulation, attention is shrinking, and empathy is degrading.
A good long science fiction novel is an evenly matched opponent, and you must be fully focused to catch its moves. Reading a long novel requires you to switch back and forth between different scales, and you need to feel the pain of a fish or the loneliness of a digital life, which is doing sensitivity recovery training. In the AI era, consciously training these cognitive muscles and persistently doing difficult in-depth reading is the most feasible and worthwhile thing to persist in.
At the climax of "Calm Sea," three women used brain-computer interfaces to instantly synchronize the pain of all things to global audiences. At that moment, what saved the world was not algorithms, not logic, but a moment of shared feeling for everyone. This is also my belief as a writer: in an era of accelerating technology, what we need most is to restore the ability to feel the situation of others, to feel the situation of other species, and to feel everything that this planet is enduring. The mission of science fiction is not to outrun the tide of technology, but to help people hold on to those things that are easily washed away—memory, pain, and genuine care for this world.
(The author is a science fiction writer)
Return to TopBy: 杨学涛
Today, more and more people are visiting museums, but they often have this experience: they see a lot but remember little, and they don't understand why the artifacts in the display cases are important or how they are related to each other. This fragmented way of visiting museums easily cuts history into fragmented branches, making it impossible to see what the whole tree looks like.
In my opinion, unsystematic knowledge cannot be called knowledge, and true knowledge cannot be mastered without systematic study. Based on this understanding, I launched the "Lao Yang of Peking University Talks About Cultural Relics" account three years ago, trying to systematically introduce cultural relics knowledge through videos. The book "Visiting Museums All Over China: Interesting Knowledge of Thousand-Year-Old Cultural Relics" is a periodic summary of this work.
Although the name contains "Visiting All Over," this book of 840,000 words with more than 1,000 illustrations does not introduce major museums one by one, nor is it a list of the treasures of each museum. Instead, it is divided into 10 chapters according to the main categories of cultural relics such as jade, porcelain, bronzes, clothing, architecture, and furniture, and each chapter is a complete unit. Taking jade as an example, instead of presenting it chronologically, it revolves around several core questions: Why study jade culture, what stages has Chinese jade culture gone through, how did different people use jade, and so on. By sorting out these questions, what readers see is not just a pile of jade pieces of different shapes, but a history of ten thousand years of jade culture. From the "heaven-connecting" medium in the hands of shamans in the Neolithic Age to the ethical carrier of "comparing jade to virtue" in the Zhou Dynasty, and then to the funerary practices of "serving the dead as if they were alive" in the Han Dynasty, the context is clear and perceptible. Understanding this thread of emotion, culture, craftsmanship, and system, and then looking at the 755 pieces of jade unearthed from the Tomb of Fu Hao (妇好墓), what you see is not just luxurious burial objects, but an era's pursuit of order, communication, and virtue.
This systematic thinking can also make the stories of individual cultural relics profound and easy to understand. For example, the He Zun (何尊). If we only emphasize that the inscription "Zhai Zi China (宅兹中国)" is the earliest source of the word "China (中国)," it still lacks relevance to the historical scene. But if we place it in the overall context of the early Western Zhou (西周) political reconstruction and the ritual system, its significance becomes three-dimensional: it is the material carrier of the Zhou people's political philosophy of "transfer of the mandate of heaven," the ritual expression of the spatial concept of "choosing the middle to build the capital," and a key example of the transformation of bronze inscriptions from recording events to proclaiming virtue. Obviously, to understand this meaning, readers will follow a cultural relic to learn more related knowledge of bronzes.
This book has been reprinted many times since its publication, and it seems to have really helped some friends untie the knot of "not understanding" when visiting museums. One reader left a message saying that he took his child to see porcelain according to the method in the book, and the child took the initiative to ask for the first time: "Dad, is this bottle earlier than the one just now?" Another middle school teacher told me that she used the "Jade Craft and Flow Chart" in the book in her class, and the students suddenly felt that the history class was more "alive." These feedbacks make me feel more at ease than any sales data. Because it shows that we are gradually breaking down the "wall" that stands between ordinary people and museums.
Return to TopBy: 周忠和
Learning that Mr. Miao Desui's (苗德岁) "The Eye of the Species: A Biography of Darwin" is about to be released in Chinese, my first feeling is that no one is more suitable to complete such a work than him. I dare to assert this, on the one hand, because of my 30 years of association with him, and on the other hand, based on his research and understanding of Darwin and his series of works.
The author's connection with Darwin can be traced back decades. As early as 1982, he bought an English version of "On the Origin of Species" in the United States and studied it. In 2013, Yilin Press (译林出版社) published his translation of "On the Origin of Species," which, in the eyes of many experts, is currently recognized as the best Chinese translation. His "On the Origin of Species (Children's Illustrated Edition)," specially created for children, has not only become a bestseller but also won numerous awards. The popular science essay collection "Miao Desui (苗德岁) Talks About Darwin," published in 2021, includes 24 short articles he has published in recent years introducing Darwin and his related works.
Miao Desui's (苗德岁) interest in Darwin is not unrelated to his own professional background. The stratigraphy and paleontology he studied during his undergraduate and graduate studies is an interdisciplinary subject of geology and biology. This discipline has both content overlap and close inheritance relationship with the natural history prevalent in Darwin's era. Readers who have read Miao Desui's (苗德岁) works will surely be familiar with his writing style. His works are relaxed and humorous, citing extensively, classical poems are readily available, and historical allusions are told in detail. The publication of "The Eye of the Species: A Biography of Darwin" is the result of decades of cultivation and 厚积薄发 (hòu jī bó fā - "accumulate richly, burst forth thinly," great accumulation leads to great achievement), which can be described as a natural outcome.
As the author stated in the introduction, this is the crystallization of his "decades of extensive reading and in-depth research on Darwin's experience and passion... I have been a serious and diligent 'flower arranger,' carefully selecting many beautiful flowers cultivated by predecessors and arranging them into a pleasing bouquet." In fact, many beautiful flowers in this bouquet also come from his inspiration and insights. Without a brilliant writing style, a solid interdisciplinary professional background, and a foundation of broad knowledge and strong memory, it would be difficult to complete.
In recent years, China's (中国) popular science cause has flourished, and the types of works are very rich. In addition to popular science articles and books, various long and short videos are also widely popular. However, the content of those classic works that can be passed down is never fragmented knowledge. I especially like biographical works. The reason is that, on the one hand, biographies have a strong story and high readability; on the other hand, biographies themselves are a restoration of a period of scientific history, which contains complex social and cultural backgrounds, character relationships, and the logic of scientific development, which can maximize the integration of science and humanities. I believe that excellent biographical works must contain four elements: scientific knowledge, scientific methods, scientific thought, and scientific spirit. Therefore, it is one of the most comprehensive and effective ways of popular science.
This book is clearly suitable for readers of all ages. It takes you on a voyage around the world, introduces you to various magical animals, plants, and geological phenomena, and helps you understand how Darwin gradually formed the idea of biological evolution and discovered the laws of natural selection through global investigation and long-term thinking. You will also meet many 19th-century naturalists, such as Humboldt (洪堡), Huxley (赫胥黎), and Mendel (孟德尔). Of course, there will also be stories about Darwin's "circle of friends."
For young friends, the life experiences gained from the book are the most valuable. What kind of person is Darwin after all? How did his growth experience affect his later achievements? What abilities contributed to his success? He may not be good at mathematics, but his ability to see through the essence of things from ordinary phenomena is very prominent. Darwin also frankly stated when reviewing his life in his later years that the factors that determined my success included a love of science, a never-ending curiosity, diligent observation and collection of facts, a good ability to ask and think about questions, unparalleled patience, and considerable inventive ability.
Writing here, I want to stop here. The evaluation of a book should ultimately be left to the readers. If, after reading this book, you can still agree with most of my views, I will feel very content.
(The author is an Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院))
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