Summary: The General Office of the CCP Central Committee issued an "Opinion on Strengthening Party Building to Promote the Building of the Communist Youth League (CYL)," outlining measures to enhance the Party's leadership over the CYL. The document emphasizes the importance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and strengthening the CYL's political awareness, advanced nature, and mass base. It calls for enhancing the Party's unified leadership over the CYL, including incorporating Xi Jinping's thoughts on youth work into Party training. The opinion stresses the need to cultivate young people who are loyal to the Party and adhere to communist ideals.
Summary: The article discusses Chongming Island's development as an "ecological island" following Xi Jinping's guidance in 2007 when he was Shanghai Party Secretary, emphasizing the importance of ecological preservation, long-term planning, and avoiding short-term gains. Local cadres initially had doubts about the focus on ecology over rapid economic growth seen in other areas. The island prioritized ecological projects like wetland restoration over potentially harmful but faster chemical solutions, and made strategic decisions to develop eco-friendly industries instead of heavy industry. The article highlights improved living standards and increased incomes for residents due to eco-tourism and sustainable development initiatives.
Summary: Following the Party Central Committee's arrangements, various localities are conducting study and education on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance. These efforts involve mobilizing cadres to learn and implement policies in their work, focusing on practical results. Specific initiatives include utilizing local resources for education, establishing problem-solving mechanisms, and launching special action plans to address issues like inefficient asset utilization. Local governments are also engaging with the public to gather feedback and solve immediate problems, such as parking issues and business registration processes. The aim is to ensure that cadres prioritize the people's interests and achieve tangible results in their work. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Premier Li Qiang issued a directive emphasizing the importance of grain production for the "15th Five-Year Plan," urging comprehensive implementation of national policies, securing grain production, and enhancing the supply of agricultural products. Vice Premier Liu Guozhong, speaking at the National Spring Agricultural Production Work Conference in Henan, stressed the need to prioritize grain security and implement policies to support agricultural production, including winter wheat management and stable planting areas. Liu also emphasized the need to improve the quality of agricultural products and improve disaster prevention and mitigation. Prior to the meeting, Liu Guozhong conducted field research in Xuchang and Zhoukou, focusing on winter wheat conditions, technology application for increased production, and agricultural supply. The article did not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Wang Huning met with Harvard Professor Graham Allison in Beijing, stating that Xi Jinping and President Trump's relationship provided strategic guidance for improved U.S.-China relations. Wang emphasized China's commitment to addressing international uncertainties through its own development and highlighted the Taiwan issue as a core interest. Both Wang and Allison stressed the importance of the U.S. and China finding a way to coexist peacefully for the sake of global stability and hoped for proper handling of issues such as Taiwan. Wang Dongfeng was also present at the meeting.
Summary: Foreign Ministry Spokesperson announced that Vice President Han Zheng will visit Kenya, South Africa, and Seychelles from March 22nd to 30th. The visits are at the invitation of Kenyan Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua, South African Deputy President Paul Mashatile, and Seychellois Vice President Ahmed Afif. The announcement did not mention any agenda items or allude to the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A new "Road-Air Integration" testing facility for intelligent connected vehicles and low-altitude aircraft opened in Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, on March 20. The 8,600-mu facility includes 100 square kilometers of airspace and supports testing for autonomous vehicles, vehicle-to-infrastructure cooperation, and road-air integration. It covers over 100 test scenarios for four product categories, with maximum speeds of 280 km/h and altitudes of 1200 meters. The facility reflects China's push to develop integrated intelligent transportation systems. No officials were mentioned as accompanying the opening. The article does not mention U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Ahead of the 14th International Day of Forests on March 21st, China's National Forestry and Grassland Administration reported that China's forest area and stock volume have increased for 40 consecutive years, making it the world's fastest-growing country in afforestation. The country's forest area has reached 3.614 billion mu, with a forest coverage rate of 25.09% and a stock volume of 20.988 billion cubic meters. China's forestry and grass industry's annual output value is nearly 11 trillion yuan, with annual imports and exports of forest products exceeding 180 billion U.S. dollars. The sector directly employs over 60 million people.
Summary: In the first two months of 2024, China's postal industry saw a 5.6% year-on-year increase in total delivery volume, reaching 33.14 billion items. Specifically, express delivery volume grew by 7.1% to 30.49 billion items, driving a 7.9% increase in express delivery revenue to 238.54 billion yuan. The central and western regions experienced increased proportions of both express delivery revenue and volume compared to the same period last year. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: Politburo member and head of the Central Organization Department, Shi Taifeng, met with newly elected academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Chinese Academy of Engineering, emphasizing the importance of studying Xi Jinping Thought and contributing to building a strong nation in science and technology, and advancing Chinese-style modernization. Shi stressed that technological modernization is key to Chinese-style modernization. He urged the academicians to focus on self-reliance in science and technology, original innovation, and key core technology breakthroughs, while leveraging the advantages of the "new type of whole-nation system." He also emphasized the importance of promoting the spirit of scientists, adhering to the principle of the Party's management of talent, and strengthening talent policy support and service guarantees.
Summary: The People's Bank of China and other financial regulators have released a draft of the "Financial Law of the People's Republic of China" for public comment. The draft law aims to strengthen the Party's centralized leadership over finance, enhance financial regulation, prevent financial risks, and promote high-quality financial development. It covers various aspects, including the modern central bank system, financial institutions' activities, financial product standardization, financial market optimization, comprehensive financial supervision, and risk disposal mechanisms. The draft emphasizes serving the real economy and improving financial security capabilities. The consultation period extends to April 19, 2026, and aims to incorporate diverse perspectives to improve the law's quality.
Summary: A draft of the "Financial Law of the People's Republic of China" is open for public comment, encompassing regulations for the entire modern financial system. It aims to address key issues such as strengthening the Party's leadership, ensuring full regulatory coverage, standardizing the behavior of shareholders and executives, and improving risk disposal mechanisms. The draft seeks to improve financial services for the real economy and promote high-quality financial development, while also increasing the legal penalties for financial violations. It aims to build a strong financial nation, while also deepening supply-side structural reform and promoting high-quality economic and social development. The draft also intends to solve problems such as the low cost of financial violations and insufficient deterrence.
Summary: Agricultural expert Guo Tiancai is reported to have been working in Henan's Zhoukou city to address challenges in wheat production caused by adverse weather conditions. Guo noted the high proportion of weak seedlings this year, emphasizing the importance of field management in the coming months to ensure a good harvest. Modern agricultural technology, such as a modular robot capable of precise spraying and autonomous navigation, is also being deployed to aid in wheat management, reducing damage to crops and improving efficiency. The combination of experienced experts and modern technology seeks to ensure good harvest in the "Central Plains Granary". The article makes no mention of the United States or US-China relations.
Summary: The China Ordnance Industries Group Corporation announced the delivery of the "Aisheng Lingque·Hongyun" drone, developed by the Xi'an Aisheng Technology Group, on March 20th. Designed for complex mountainous logistics, the drone can carry 40 kg, withstand level 7 winds, and operate stably at an altitude of 2000 meters. Its implementation is projected to reduce transportation costs by 30-40% and increase the price of agricultural products by 10-15%. On return trips, it can transport daily necessities and emergency medicines to mountain villages.
Summary: China's Ministry of Commerce, along with eight other departments, issued 16 policy measures to promote travel service exports and expand inbound consumption across seven areas, including tourism, business, sports, culture, health, and education. The measures aim to address the service trade deficit by boosting inbound consumption through streamlined processes and diversified offerings, like "sports + tourism" packages. China aims for 35.17 million inbound foreign tourists and a travel service export scale of 393.98 billion yuan in 2025. The policies focus on improving the entire inbound experience by facilitating payment, tax refunds, communication, and ticketing.
Summary: The article highlights Chongming Island's commitment to ecological preservation and sustainable development, guided by Xi Jinping's directives from 2007 when he urged the region to focus on building an "ecological island." Local officials emphasized prioritizing long-term ecological benefits over short-term economic gains, choosing environmentally conscious methods for projects like wetland restoration. The island leveraged its unique ecological advantages to foster green industries, such as promoting zero-carbon factories and eco-tourism. The article also touches upon the improved living standards and increased incomes for residents resulting from the integrated approach to ecological and economic development. Chongming's approach serves as an example of balancing environmental protection with economic growth and improved livelihoods, as emphasized by district Party Secretary Li Jun. There is no discussion of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: China's Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Commerce, and State Taxation Administration are piloting a six-month "lucky invoice" program in 50 cities starting in early 2026, aiming to stimulate consumption. As of March 12th, the program has disbursed 1.85 billion yuan in prizes and attracted 230 million participants. However, the State Taxation Administration is cracking down on fraudulent activities such as issuing fake invoices, splitting or merging invoices, and improperly voiding invoices to increase winning chances. Penalties for such violations include reclaiming prize money, disqualification from the program, and inclusion on a blacklist.
Summary: A delegation of cadres from the ruling United Seychelles party visited China from March 9th to 18th, expressing admiration for China's development achievements and seeking valuable lessons. The delegation, led by Secretary-General Paul Ernesta, focused on rural revitalization, green development, and youth engagement during their visit. They were impressed by China's long-term planning, environmental protection efforts, and the opportunities provided for young people to contribute to national development. The Seychelles delegation expressed interest in increased cooperation with China, particularly in tourism and sustainable development, and hoped to foster youth exchanges. The group visited various sites, including the Chinese Communist Party History Exhibition Hall.
Summary: According to the article, China is cultivating an image as a "predictable partner" in a turbulent world, committed to stability and cooperation. This predictability stems from consistent policies, effective governance exemplified by the National Development Plan Law, and a responsible foreign policy focused on building a community with a shared future. Eschewing hegemony, China advocates for a multipolar world and inclusive globalization. The article emphasizes China's contribution to global economic growth and its commitment to high-level opening-up, creating predictable opportunities for global businesses. China aims to foster a stable external environment and contribute to a better world through its own development.
Summary: A recent donation and exhibition at the Guangdong Provincial Archives showcased historical evidence of Japanese war crimes in China during WWII, including soldiers' letters, photographs, and testimonies. These materials detail atrocities committed by Japanese forces, including the use of biological warfare through Unit 8604, and reveal the Japanese military's ambition to invade the South China Sea. The archive aims to serve as a reminder of the dangers of Japanese militarism and the importance of upholding the post-WWII international order. The article stresses that the evidence is irrefutable and highlights the need for international vigilance against any resurgence of Japanese militarism. The author is the director of the Guangdong Provincial Archives.
Summary: Wang Yi and French Diplomatic Advisor Bonne telephoned to discuss the Middle East situation. Bonne expressed France's support for the UN, adherence to international law, and promoting dialogue to resolve differences. Wang stated that the Middle East situation is deteriorating and that China and France should strengthen strategic communication and coordination. Wang added that China and France should jointly work together to find a correct way out of the crisis through dialogue and negotiation. The two countries discussed the need to prevent the world from reverting to the "law of the jungle."
Summary: Pakistani Ambassador to China Khalil Hashmi stated that China's steady economic development and commitment to high-level opening-up inject stability and certainty into the world. Hashmi highlighted China's strategic planning and policy continuity as demonstrated in the "15th Five-Year Plan," and noted that China shares opportunities with the world through initiatives like the Belt and Road Initiative. He emphasized the relevance of China's development model for developing countries, particularly in long-term planning and balancing industrial upgrading with improving people's livelihoods. Hashmi affirmed the all-weather strategic cooperative partnership between Pakistan and China as a positive factor for regional peace and stability, advocating for multilateralism amid global challenges. He also noted that both countries share broad consensus on safeguarding the international system, promoting development cooperation, and supporting the Global South.
Summary: During the 61st session of the UN Human Rights Council, the China Association for International Friendly Contact and the Chinese Mission to Geneva co-hosted a side event commemorating the 40th anniversary of the Declaration on the Right to Development. Nearly one hundred Chinese and foreign individuals gathered to discuss how NGOs can use digital technology to safeguard the right to development. Discussions covered addressing global challenges like climate change and public health crises, and promoting solutions to discrimination and inequality. Representatives, NGO heads, and experts from over 20 countries, including Australia, the UK, and Russia, participated. Participants also exchanged ideas on using technology to protect the rights of people with disabilities, emphasizing the right to development for people in war-torn areas, and promoting collaboration between diverse entities in the human rights protection process.
Summary: This article discusses Bijie, Guizhou Province, as a case study of the "precise work method" (精准工作法) championed by Xi Jinping. Bijie, once a poverty-stricken area, has utilized this approach, emphasizing tailored strategies and localized solutions to achieve economic and ecological progress. The article highlights specific examples of how Bijie has balanced development with environmental protection, developed specialized industries like the *Cili* fruit, and addressed structural employment issues. It emphasizes the importance of understanding local conditions and adapting policies accordingly to achieve sustainable growth and improve livelihoods. The article mentions Xi Jinping's instruction to focus on developing human resources in Bijie.
Summary: The People's Publishing House has released a guidance book, compiled by the National Development and Reform Commission, to aid in the understanding and implementation of the 15th Five-Year Plan. The book contains 45 articles that comprehensively explain the strategic deployments and key content of the plan's chapters. It aims to be an authoritative guide for cadres and the public to systematically understand the plan. The full text of the 15th Five-Year Plan is included for reference.
Summary: China's Ministry of Justice's 2025 report on the construction of a government ruled by law indicates improvements in administrative law enforcement, including the rectification of 57,000 instances of problems in enterprise-related administrative law enforcement. This saved enterprises 28.97 billion yuan. Total administrative inspections related to enterprises decreased, while the rate of discovering problems increased. The report also highlights the increased application of the national administrative law enforcement supervision information system, which has accumulated 457 million data entries. Administrative review agencies nationwide handled 1.115 million cases, correcting 72,000 illegal or inappropriate administrative actions.
Summary: Hebei province has released a list of 35 "AI+" typical cases for 2025, showcasing the deep integration of AI technology with various sectors like manufacturing, healthcare, social governance, agriculture, and logistics. The province currently has 13 large AI models registered with the Cyberspace Administration of China and has developed 365 vertical models across 26 sectors. Hebei is implementing an "AI+" action plan focusing on innovation in 15 industries, with the goal of fostering AI application and integration within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The examples provided include AI models for law enforcement, intelligent manufacturing, semiconductor material diagnostics, agriculture, and natural resource monitoring. The initiative aims to promote AI's original application innovations within Hebei and its integration with key regional industries.
Summary: Across China, local Party organizations are implementing a campaign to instill in cadres a "correct view of achievement" (正确政绩观), focusing on practical results and serving the people. Provinces and cities are tailoring the campaign to local contexts, emphasizing problem-solving and responsiveness to public concerns through measures like surveys and streamlined services. Cadres are participating in training programs and study sessions to internalize the desired values, with some localities using model examples and case studies to reinforce the message. The campaign emphasizes practical action and tangible benefits for the population, with cadres encouraged to address issues such as business support and property rights. There was no mention of the United States or U.S. - China relations.
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Summary: China is promoting "beautiful village" construction to improve rural ecological environments, with 23 counties named as pilot zones. These zones are categorized by ecological function, urban-rural integration, and agricultural production, each with tailored approaches. The initiative aims to address issues like untreated wastewater and promote sustainable agriculture, leveraging ecological assets for economic development through tourism and innovative farming practices. By 2027, China plans to support 100 pilot counties, aiming for 40% of counties to achieve "beautiful village" status, contributing to the broader "Beautiful China" initiative. This initiative does not mention the United States.
Summary: The second domestically produced large cruise ship, "Adora Magic City," has been moved to the wharf for final testing, marking progress towards its mid-year trial voyage and year-end delivery. The ship boasts increased construction efficiency compared to its predecessor. Digital technologies were used throughout the shipbuilding process, creating a more streamlined final product. The "Adora Magic City" cruise ship has seen stable operations since its maiden voyage. The second article discusses the opening of a new bridge in Wuhan, which is expected to reduce travel time in the region.
Summary: The All-China Federation of Trade Unions (ACFTU), along with other organizations, jointly issued guidelines on labor rules and algorithmic negotiation for platform enterprises. The guidelines aim to regulate platform enterprises' labor practices, strengthen protections for new employment forms, and promote healthy platform economic development. The guidelines specify procedures for selecting representatives, conducting negotiations, and implementing agreements, emphasizing transparency and regular feedback. The ACFTU aims to actively promote algorithmic and labor rule negotiation, with 15 platform enterprises having engaged in these negotiations and signed agreements, covering over 20 million new employment workers.
Summary: A conference on online public engagement, hosted by People's Daily, was held in Kunming, Yunnan Province. Attendees, including officials from the Central Social Work Department, the Cyberspace Administration of China, and other central and local Party and government organizations, discussed leveraging online platforms to improve Party-masses relations and gather public input for the 15th Five-Year Plan. Yunnan Party Secretary Wang Ning and People's Daily Deputy Editor-in-Chief Xu Lijing delivered speeches. The conference also featured the release of a data analysis report on the "Leaders' Message Board" and the launch of initiatives related to AI governance and online public engagement.
Summary: A recent meeting in Hunan Province summarized the successes of the three-year national covered bridge protection initiative, launched in 2023 by the Central Propaganda Department, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, and the National Cultural Heritage Administration. The initiative identified 2,193 covered bridges, a 61% increase from previous counts, and implemented 177 restoration projects. The "Chinese Wooden Arch Bridge Traditional Construction Technique" was removed from UNESCO's list of endangered Intangible Cultural Heritage and placed on its Representative List. The initiative also focused on protecting the surrounding environment, establishing small exhibits, launching themed tourist routes, and enacting local regulations. The effort emphasized systematic protection through resource investigation, restoration, intangible heritage preservation, and social participation.
Summary: Jiang Qianlin, former president of Nanjing Political College, delivered a lecture on "Promoting the Lei Feng Spirit and the Growth and Success of Youth" at the 167th "Core Socialist Values Hundred Lectures Forum" in Beijing. He emphasized the enduring relevance of the Lei Feng spirit for cultivating socialist values and traditional Chinese virtues, arguing it serves as a vital tool for ideological and political education, especially among youth. Jiang urged the cultivation of aspiration and dedication to contribute to China's modernization. The event was hosted by several organizations, including the Beijing Municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department.
Summary: On March 20th, members of the National Patriotic Health Campaign Committee (全国爱卫会) launched a group blood donation drive at the Beijing Red Cross Blood Center. The event included tours and lectures about blood donation, processing, and usage. Cadre and staff actively participated in blood donation, demonstrating a spirit of leadership and public service. Member units are using the event to promote routine blood donation and highlight the leading role of central and state organs. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
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Summary: According to Chinese Academy of Sciences academician Ouyang Minggao, green hydrogen is critical for achieving carbon neutrality because it can convert renewable energy into zero-carbon fuels and raw materials. Ouyang highlights that green hydrogen's advantages include its long value chain, high output value, strong job creation potential, and broad application coverage. He also notes that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have become a pioneer in China's hydrogen energy application, establishing a complete technology chain. The article further discusses the potential of hydrogen energy in various applications, including power generation and energy storage, and the development of hydrogen technologies in China. It also mentions the successful application of hydrogen fuel cells in the Chinese Antarctic Qinling Station.
Summary: A recent study of trace fossils in China's Three Gorges area, specifically the Shiban灘 biota, reveals complex animal behaviors from the late Ediacaran period (approximately 550 million years ago). These fossils, including the earliest known footprints and complex three-dimensional burrows, challenge previous assumptions that early Ediacaran organisms only left simple surface traces, suggesting that animals had complex nervous systems earlier than previously thought. The discovered burrows, some with multiple chambers, demonstrate sophisticated burrowing behaviors that reshaped the ancient seabed. This "bio-engineering" by ancient animals transformed the seabed, paving the way for the Cambrian explosion by altering oxygen and nutrient distribution.
Summary: China National Building Material Group (CNBM) has announced the successful development and mass production of SYT80 (T1200 grade) ultra-high-strength carbon fiber. This achievement signifies a breakthrough in China's carbon fiber production capabilities, reaching globally leading levels. The SYT80 carbon fiber, independently developed by CNBM's subsidiary, Sinoma Science & Technology, boasts a tensile strength exceeding 8000 MPa, ten times more than typical steel. This new product can be used in a variety of industries including high-speed rail, commercial aerospace, and new energy. There is no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: A research team at Zhejiang University led by Professor Yu Xiaofang has made an academic breakthrough in restricting the cross-species transmission of avian influenza viruses. The research reveals a critical defense pathway in the human innate immune system involving the cGAS-STING pathway, which inhibits viral replication via the NF-κB signaling pathway. The study identifies GADD34 as a key antiviral molecule produced by this pathway that directly inhibits influenza virus genome replication. The team found that a specific mutation at amino acid 115 of the avian influenza virus M1 protein significantly enhances its ability to overcome the human immune barrier, enabling cross-species transmission. This research advances the study of virus infection and cross-species transmission prevention and provides new tools for studying tumor immunity and autoimmune disease-related mechanisms.
Summary: China's first domestically designed and built integrated large-scale fracturing vessel, "Haiyang Shiyou 696," has been delivered in Zhoushan, Zhejiang. According to a representative from the Tianjin Company Engineering Technology Operation Center of CNOOC (China National Offshore Oil Corporation), the vessel is capable of high-volume, high-power offshore fracturing operations. Its operational efficiency is improved by nearly 40%, allowing for the efficient development of previously difficult-to-access oil and gas resources. The vessel will be deployed in the Bohai Sea and other sea areas for offshore oil and gas fracturing operations.
Summary: A research team at the Changping Laboratory in Beijing has identified abnormally strong connections in the brain networks of Parkinson's disease patients, specifically within the somato-cognitive network and key brain regions. This discovery, published in *Nature*, pinpoints specific targets for non-invasive brain stimulation, potentially improving treatment precision and effectiveness. The team used self-developed technology to create personalized brain circuit maps for patients, enabling millimeter-level precision in targeted therapy. A precision brain circuit stimulation system has been developed based on this research and approved as a national medical device, already in clinical use at multiple institutions. The article does not mention the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: A joint research team discovered a new genus and species of large, omnivorous, multituberculate lizard dating back to the Late Cretaceous period in Ganzhou Basin, Jiangxi Province, named Fang's Heterodontosaurus. The lizard, *Fang's Heterodontosaurus*, possessed unique heterodont dentition, with anterior teeth suited for grasping prey and posterior teeth capable of shearing and grinding food. This complex dentition, a first for Asian multituberculates, suggests an omnivorous diet and fills a gap in the understanding of Asian multituberculate ecological niches. The discovery provides important evidence for studying biodiversity and ecosystem evolution at the end of the Cretaceous period. The article makes no mention of the United States or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to provide an accurate and relevant summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: The article discusses the revitalization of old village opera stages (老戏台) in China, highlighting their transformation from cultural landmarks to platforms for policy dissemination and cultural tourism. In Zhejiang, opera stages are being renovated and used for amateur performances, boosting local Yue opera culture and industry. In Jiangxi, stages host "three-minute pre-show" segments to educate villagers on policies and promote social norms. In Sichuan, opera stages have become tourist attractions, integrating cultural heritage with economic development through interactive experiences.
Summary: The article discusses the Wangbao stage in Wangbao Village, Gaoping City, Shanxi Province, which is considered the oldest existing physical theater in China, dating back to the Jin Dynasty (1183). Discovered by faculty and students of the Shanxi Normal University's Institute of Drama Relics, the stage was used for opera performances and also served various socio-cultural functions like ancestral worship and celebrations. After being confirmed as a relic of the Jin Dynasty, the site was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit in 2006. It has been restored according to the principle of "repairing the old as old," integrating cultural tourism to revive performances. The article does not mention the U.S. or U.S.-China relations.
Summary: The article explains that "林檎" (línqín) is an archaic term for apples, reflecting the fruit's growth in forests and attraction to birds. It further details classical names for other fruits, like "离枝" (lízhī) for lychee due to its perishability, "含桃" (hántáo) and "莺桃" (yīngtáo) for cherries reflecting their small size and association with birds, "丹若" (dānruò) and "天浆" (tiānjiāng) for pomegranates highlighting their red color and sweetness, and "玉露" (yùlù) for grapes because of their jewel-like appearance. The article emphasizes the poetic and cultural significance embedded in these classical fruit names. The author is a professor at the Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploring Chinese Products and Civilization at Nanjing Agricultural University.
Summary: This article reports on etiquette guidelines for attending performances in China, as explained by Wang Meng, an education and training director at the Beijing Tianqiao Art Center. Wang advises arriving early, avoiding bringing food and large bags, dressing appropriately, silencing phones, and minimizing noise during performances. Applause should be reserved for appropriate moments, such as between musical movements or during curtain calls. The article stresses the importance of respecting performers and fellow audience members, and suggests following safety regulations.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to accurately provide a concise summary tailored for professional analysts of Chinese politics.
Summary: This article discusses the importance of emergency conservation of unearthed archaeological artifacts. Upon excavation, the previously stable environment of the artifact is disrupted, causing rapid corrosion and loss of historical information. Emergency conservation aims to quickly stabilize the artifact by simulating its original environment and slowing down the corrosion process. The process requires a minimum intervention and re-treatability approach, emphasizing scientific methods to diagnose corrosion causes and apply appropriate conservation materials and techniques. The ultimate goal is to preserve the artifact's historical information for further study and long-term preservation.
Summary: This article discusses the growing importance and potential of small to medium-sized museums (中小博物馆) in China amidst a "museum boom." It highlights the shift towards specialized, innovative, and locally-focused exhibitions as key to their success, contrasting with the encyclopedic approach of larger institutions. Local governments are encouraged to provide policy support and resources, and for larger museums to support smaller ones. The article argues that these smaller museums can become "living memories" by focusing on local stories and utilizing technology. The author emphasizes that cultural inheritance is not in "big," but in "refined."
Summary: Unearthed in 1987 from a Chu tomb in Hubei, the painted lacquer box depicts a scene of figures, chariots, and horses, offering insight into Warring States period society, rituals, and vehicle construction. The artwork, featuring 26 figures, 4 chariots, and 10 horses, is considered one of China's earliest narrative scroll paintings. The painting's depiction of clothing reflects the blending and evolution of garments during the Warring States period. The lacquer box exemplifies the advanced lacquerware craftsmanship of the Chu state. There is no mention of U.S. or U.S.-China relations in the article.
Summary: The article discusses the Qianyan Bridge (千眼桥), a Ming Dynasty-era stone bridge located in Poyang Lake, which emerges during the dry season. Built in 1631 by a local official, Qian Qizhong, the bridge served as a vital transportation route, facilitating travel and commerce. Its unique design, featuring nearly a thousand "eyes" or arches, allowed it to withstand the lake's currents. After undergoing a restoration in 2016, the bridge now serves as a tourist attraction and a valuable resource for researchers studying the ecology of Poyang Lake and the Yangtze River.
Summary: An exhibition at the National Museum of China showcases archaeological findings from the tomb of King Kaolie of Chu, featuring over 10,000 artifacts, with a focus on bronze ritual vessels. The bronze vessels, including an impressive set of *ding* (tripod cauldrons), reveal details about the King's opulent final banquet, reflecting both Chu traditions and influences from other states. Some of the artifacts, including *ding* originally from the state of Zhongshan and Yue-style *ding* from Baiyue, suggest gifts sent by various states including Yan, Zhao, Wei, Han, and even Qin, for the King's funeral. These artifacts, indicative of cultural exchange during the Warring States period, contributed to the ideological foundations of Qin's eventual unification. King Kaolie led the final coalition against the state of Qin, ultimately leading to the Qin dynasty's conquest of the other Warring States.
Summary: Please provide the article you would like me to summarize. I need the text of the article to create the summary for professional analysts of Chinese politics. I am ready when you are.
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 20th. The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共中央办公厅) issued the "Opinions on Strengthening Party Building to Promote the Building of the Communist Youth League" (关于加强党建带团建工作的意见) (hereinafter referred to as the "Opinions"), making arrangements for strengthening Party building to promote the building of the Communist Youth League.
The "Opinions" pointed out that to strengthen Party building to promote the building of the Communist Youth League, it is necessary to adhere to Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as guidance, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Plenary Sessions of the 20th Central Committee, fully implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important thoughts on Party building and important thoughts on youth work, adhere to and strengthen the Party's leadership over the Communist Youth League, adhere to the principle of the Party managing youth work, improve the institutional mechanism of Party building leading the building of the Communist Youth League, connect the integrated education chain of the Party, the League, and the Team, drive the Communist Youth League to further enhance its political nature, progressiveness, and mass character, enhance its leadership, organizational, and service capabilities, comprehensively and strictly manage the League, earnestly shoulder the mission and tasks entrusted by the Party in the new era and new journey, and mobilize and lead the vast number of young people to unswervingly listen to the Party and follow the Party.
The "Opinions" require strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee over the Communist Youth League and youth work, and adhering to the organizational leadership system in which the Communist Youth League is subject to the dual leadership of the Party committee at the same level and the League organization at the higher level, with the leadership of the Party committee at the same level as the main focus. Incorporate General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important thoughts on youth work into the study content of the theoretical learning center group of Party committees (Party groups) at all levels, and incorporate it into the content of cadre education and training. Party committees (Party groups) at all levels should guide the leading organs of the League to deeply understand the decisive significance of the "Two Establishments" (两个确立), enhance the "Four Consciousnesses" (四个意识), strengthen the "Four Confidences" (四个自信), and achieve the "Two Safeguards" (两个维护); guide the Communist Youth League to solidly promote education on loyalty to the Party and education on ideals and beliefs, firmly establish the lofty ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics; urge the leading organs of the League to strictly implement the reporting system for major matters; and strengthen the cultivation of the political ability of League cadres.
The "Opinions" require Party committees (Party groups) at all levels to guide the Communist Youth League to consolidate and expand the achievements of the theme education of studying and implementing Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and improve and implement a long-term mechanism for building the soul through learning, increasing wisdom through learning, correcting conduct through learning, and promoting work through learning; guide the vast number of League members and young people to deeply study and understand Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and vigorously cultivate good young people in the new era who have ideals, dare to take responsibility, can endure hardship, and are willing to struggle. Improve the education and training system for League cadres and members, support the Communist Youth League to carry out education and training for League cadres on a regular basis, and earnestly strengthen the education and training of League members.
The "Opinions" require Party committees (Party groups) at all levels to strengthen guidance on the construction of the leading organs of the League, support the Communist Youth League to keep up with the pace of Party organizational construction, and continuously consolidate and expand the effective coverage of League organizations. Build a team of League cadres with excellent qualities, improve the cadre management methods that conform to the characteristics of mass organizations and the management system of League cadres that combines full-time, part-time, and concurrent positions. Give full play to the backbone role of young Party members in the work and construction of the League. Party organizations at all levels should pay attention to cultivating and developing Party members from outstanding League members; strengthen leadership over the work of the Young Pioneers, and guide the Communist Youth League to fulfill its responsibility of leading the Team. Support and guide the Communist Youth League to unite and lead young people to play the role of a new force and shock force. Standardize the evaluation of the May Fourth Youth Medal and the New Era Youth Pioneer Award.
The "Opinions" require Party organizations at all levels to strengthen education on the correct career outlook and growth outlook of League cadres, guide League organizations to establish a working mechanism for League cadres to do practical things for young people, guide the vast number of League cadres to refrain from empty talk and do more practical work, think more for young people and less for themselves; guide the Communist Youth League to thoroughly implement the spirit of the Central Eight-Point Regulation and its implementation rules, and cultivate a positive, healthy, and upward ideological style, work style, and lifestyle; adhere to and improve the working mechanism for close contact with young people, follow the online mass line, and effectively play the role of a bridge and link between the Party and young people. Guide the Communist Youth League to strictly implement the Party's discipline requirements. Guide the Communist Youth League to promote comprehensive and strict management of the League, highlight political requirements, purify the political ecology, and maintain a good image; guide League organizations to strictly manage the education of League members, strictly enforce the organizational life of the League, and strictly enforce discipline.
The "Opinions" emphasized that Party organizations at all levels should earnestly fulfill their responsibilities for Party building leading the building of the Communist Youth League, regard Party building leading the building of the Communist Youth League as an important part of the responsibility system for Party building work, and incorporate the building of the Communist Youth League into the planning and evaluation of Party building work. The Communist Youth League should consciously adhere to the Party's leadership, implement the deployment of Party building leading the building of the Communist Youth League, and comprehensively strengthen the work and construction of the League.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李林蔚 姜泓冰 季觉苏
Stepping onto Chongming Island (崇明岛) in the spring, the air is moist and fresh, and the birdsong is crisp and pleasant.
"Every time I come to Chongming (崇明), I can always take satisfactory photos," said Mr. Qiu (仇先生), a photography enthusiast who lives in Jing'an District (静安区), Shanghai (上海).
Here, is China's third largest island, backed by the international metropolis of Shanghai (上海), and has always adhered to its ecological foundation.
In April 2007, when Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, visited Chongming (崇明) for research, he pointed out: "Along the way, I have a deep impression of Chongming Island (崇明岛). Chongming's (崇明) development concept is very good. We must follow the idea of building an ecological island, and do it conscientiously. As long as we are sure of the direction, we must not waver."
Starting from reality, developing with a scientific attitude and pragmatic spirit, has created today's vivid picture of green shores, clear waters, and harmonious coexistence between humans and nature on Chongming Island (崇明岛). Recently, reporters walked into Chongming Island (崇明岛) to appreciate the profound connotation and practical value of "scientific decision-making."
Taking a long-term view, building a solid ecological foundation with strategic focus.
Chongming Dongtan (崇明东滩), reeds undulating, water birds gathering. "On March 4 this year, we conducted a synchronous waterbird survey in the reserve and recorded 5,216 Lesser White-fronted Geese, breaking the historical record," said Niu Dongliang (钮栋梁), director of the Chongming Dongtan (崇明东滩) Nature Reserve Management Affairs Center, with great pride.
Chongming Island (崇明岛), located at the mouth of the Yangtze River (长江), has a unique geographical location, but also faces a variety of external pressures such as reduced sand and water from upstream and rising sea levels, and the vulnerability of the ecological environment has long existed. As early as 2001, Chongming (崇明) clearly defined the development direction of establishing the island on ecology.
In April 2007, Xi Jinping (习近平) further requested that "Chongming (崇明) should be built into a modern ecological island area with a harmonious and beautiful environment, intensive use of resources, and coordinated economic and social development."
"'Shanghai (上海) still needs to have blank spaces and cannot engage in large-scale development.' This kind of 'blank space' is not 'not doing,' but leaving enough space for sustainable development." Chu Weidong (褚卫东), director of the Chongming District (崇明区) Ecology and Environment Bureau, said, "Only by adhering to a scientific attitude and pragmatic spirit, starting from reality, and acting according to the laws, can we create achievements that can stand the test of practice, the people, and history."
Over the years, Chongming (崇明) has always insisted on taking a long-term view and calculating the overall account, investing more than 4 billion yuan in wetland ecological protection and water environment management, and has successively completed a series of projects such as Spartina alterniflora management, Dongtan (东滩) wetland bird habitat optimization, and the Yangtze River (长江) fishing ban and retreat.
The Spartina alterniflora management project once had two options: one was to take the path of chemical restoration, which was quick and had a short cycle, but could have subsequent impacts on the bottom mud, water body, and wetland background; the other was to take the path of manual restoration, which required more investment and a longer treatment cycle, but could minimize the disturbance to the original ecosystem.
"We asked relevant parties to repeatedly demonstrate and finally chose the manual restoration plan," said Tang Chendong (汤臣栋), then director of the Dongtan (东滩) Nature Reserve Management Office. "Eliminating the impetuous impulse for quick success is the real responsibility to future generations." Finally, after more than 5 years of efforts, the degraded wetland ecosystem has been gradually restored.
Adapting to local conditions, grasping development opportunities with precise positioning.
In fact, in the course of Chongming's (崇明) development, local cadres were not without hesitation or wavering.
"Other suburban areas have buildings rising one after another, and the total economic volume has been climbing year by year, but Chongming (崇明) has to adhere to 'ecology.' Isn't it a bit uneconomical? Some people also think that the construction of an ecological island is a restriction on development, and thus complain and do not understand," recalled Lu Yi (陆一), former director of the Chongming County (崇明县) Development Planning Commission.
Two key "opportunities" tested the performance values of Chongming's (崇明) party members and cadres.
One was the opening of the Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge (上海长江隧桥) in 2009, which connected Chongming Island (崇明岛) to the urban area of Shanghai (上海) by "land route." In addition, at that time, a number of industries along the Huangpu River (黄浦江) needed to be transferred, and Chongming (崇明), which was close and rich in coastline resources, became a "sweet pastry."
The other was the opening of the Chongqi Bridge (崇启大桥) in 2011, which made Chongming (崇明) a transportation hub connecting Shanghai (上海) and Qidong City (启东市) and Haimen City (海门市) (now Haimen District (海门区)), Nantong (南通), Jiangsu (江苏). Some people felt that the opportunity to engage in large-scale economic development had come.
How to choose? How to give up?
"In fact, as early as the April 2007 survey, Secretary Xi (习书记) clearly required that 'we must accelerate the construction of a modern ecological industrial system.' This is not only an accurate positioning of Chongming's (崇明) reality, but also contains a profound understanding of the laws of development," said Hu Tingting (胡婷婷), deputy director of the Chongming District (崇明区) Development and Reform Commission. "We did not blindly develop and construct, but repeatedly investigated and demonstrated, analyzing where Chongming's (崇明) advantages and disadvantages lie. In the end, everyone unified their thinking. Chongming Island's (崇明岛) special location does not have the relative advantage of developing industry. On the contrary, the vast ecological strategic space and the rare ecological value are our foundation."
"Seeing the general trend and finding the right positioning is what is now often said to be adapting to local conditions and seeking truth from facts," said Wu Mei (吴美), deputy general manager and party branch secretary of Shanghai Guanhua Stainless Steel Products Co., Ltd. (上海冠华不锈钢制品股份有限公司). As a traditional manufacturing enterprise, in the past two years, domestic and foreign customers have increasingly demanded carbon emissions, supply chain traceability, and circular production, and old methods have become increasingly difficult to adapt to the new market. "If we continue to rely on traditional manufacturing to compete on price and cost, the road will become narrower and narrower."
Under the guidance of establishing the island on ecology, Guanhua Stainless Steel (冠华不锈钢) has taken the initiative to change, first using the roof of the factory to develop distributed photovoltaic power generation, and then building a decentralized wind power project to gradually increase the proportion of green electricity use. By 2024, the wind power project will be in place, superimposed on the previous photovoltaics, and the company will basically achieve self-sufficiency in electricity, moving towards a "zero-carbon factory."
"Establishing the island on ecology is not only setting rules for development, but also pointing the way for enterprises," said Wu Mei (吴美). "Affected by the ecological concept early, the transformation started early, and instead seized the opportunity in the new round of competition."
Taking into account all factors, writing a people-benefiting answer sheet with a systematic concept.
All the way east on Chongming Island (崇明岛), passing through fields and forest belts, Yingdong Village (瀛东村) in Chenjia Town (陈家镇) comes into view. The river is clear, the village road is clean, and farmhouses and homestays are scattered in an orderly manner. "These days, we are busy with the Flower Festival. There are also various Shanghai (上海) landmark agricultural products and intangible cultural heritage creative products on site, which are extremely popular!" Guo Lizhou (郭礼周), secretary of the Yingdong Village (瀛东村) Party Branch, is busy inside and out, his face full of joy.
In 2007, Xi Jinping (习近平) came to Yingdong Village (瀛东村) and visited the home of villager Yin Quanlang (尹全郎). Yin Quanlang (尹全郎) remembers very clearly, "Secretary Xi (习书记) asked very carefully, and every sentence fell on the lives of the common people."
"In those days, Secretary Xi (习书记) urged 'to correctly handle the relationship between ecology and people's livelihood.' In recent years, our people have truly felt that the ecological environment has improved, the people's welfare has improved, and the industry is also developing steadily," Guo Lizhou (郭礼周) said with deep feeling, "A good ecology is a good people's livelihood, and green waters and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains."
In recent years, the village has connected the North and South Lakes to form a 1,000-mu large water surface, and cooperated with universities to develop green and pollution-free aquatic product farming. Fishing and leisure tourism are carried out on the water, and ecological resorts are upgraded and built on the shore. "There is an income of more than 3,400 yuan per month, and the village also gives us two old people a dividend of 5,000 yuan per person at the end of the year. The couple's annual income adds up to more than 80,000 yuan," said Yin Quanlang (尹全郎), 73, with a smile.
"Coordinating development and protection, coordinating ecology and people's livelihood, this is a systematic concept," said Hu Tingting (胡婷婷). Chongming (崇明) has rolled out six rounds of three-year action plans for ecological island construction, with a cumulative arrangement of more than 200 key projects, and has put ecological restoration, infrastructure, people's livelihood security, and industrial transformation on a map to promote in a coordinated manner. In 2025, the per capita disposable income of all residents will reach 57,100 yuan, an increase of 5.4%; in 2025, the per capita life expectancy in Chongming (崇明) has increased to 85.33 years.
"Not greedy for temporary success, not seeking temporary gain, adhering to starting from reality and acting according to the laws, this is a valuable inspiration for Chongming's (崇明) development," said Li Jun (李峻), Secretary of the Chongming District (崇明区) Party Committee. "We must unswervingly follow the path of ecological priority and green development. In the process of promoting the construction of a world-class ecological island, we should pay attention to coordinating protection and development, ecological beauty and economic value, both guarding the ecological bottom line and actively exploring the path of ecological value transformation, and strive to better transform ecological advantages into development advantages."
Return to TopBy: 本报记者
In accordance with the unified deployment of the Party Central Committee, various regions have deeply carried out study and education on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, quickly mobilizing and carefully organizing, clarifying responsibilities and refining arrangements, and promoting learning, investigation, and rectification in an integrated manner, guiding the vast number of party members and cadres to learn from the heart and work in a practical manner, and to start businesses and make achievements with a correct view of performance.
Overall Planning and Clear Tasks
Fuzhou (福州市), Fujian Province, deeply studied and implemented the important expositions of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, and issued a city-wide study and education work plan, carefully deploying and arranging 15 specific tasks. Among them, it was clearly required to make full use of 21 on-site teaching points, such as the "Immediately Handle, Truly Grasp and Solidly Implement" Spirit Exhibition Hall, to promote learning, thinking, and understanding among party members and cadres at all levels, and to establish a clear orientation of emphasizing responsibility, practical work, and actual results.
Nanjing (南京市), Jiangsu Province, deeply recognized the important significance of carrying out study and education, and refined the study and education tasks into 19 measures. In terms of theoretical arming, it was clearly proposed to focus on thematic learning, exchange and discussion learning, inclusion in training learning, branch coverage learning, and typical case learning; in terms of problem investigation and rectification, a "three checks and three looks" problem list review mechanism was established, that is, check the problem expression and see whether it closely follows the main problem list of deviations in the view of performance, check the specific performance and see whether it is generalized, and check the main content and see whether it finds the root cause from itself. "We will also rely on the 'Listening Language+' online integrated application platform to widely listen to opinions and suggestions from all parties. For the problems reflected by the masses, we will adopt the form of 'list system + responsibility system' to ensure that the rectification does not go through the motions," said the relevant person in charge of the Nanjing (南京市) study and education work team.
Hanzhong (汉中市), Shaanxi Province, firmly grasped the general requirements of "ruling for the public, benefiting the people, making scientific decisions, and truly grasping and solidly implementing," refined and decomposed 13 key tasks in 5 aspects, and deployed five special actions, including problem project investigation and rectification, idle asset inventory and utilization, efficiency improvement of parks and platform companies, standardization of service management in the real estate property field, and rectification of illegal debt financing, striving to see the truth and seek practical results in solving practical problems.
Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (海西蒙古族藏族自治州), Qinghai Province, benchmarked against the deployment requirements of the Party Central Committee, based on the actual local situation, formulated a list of study and education tasks for the entire prefecture, clarified key measures such as true investigation and practical rectification, establishing rules and regulations, and open education, requiring in-depth investigation of existing problems in the view of performance, establishment of a problem list, and achieving simultaneous investigation and rectification, immediate rectification, and striving to ensure the "solid" results with a "strict" style.
Enriching Forms and Deepening Understanding
On the morning of March 20, at the Ancient County Government Integrity Education Base in Fuliang County (浮梁县), Jingdezhen (景德镇) City, Jiangxi Province, more than 50 students from the 23rd session of the Municipal Party School's middle-aged and young cadres class participated in the on-site teaching of "The View of Performance in Couplets." Jingdezhen (景德镇) City incorporated study and education into the teaching plan of various training courses of the Municipal Party School, comprehensively using various forms such as case teaching, warning education, and situational teaching to promote the internalization of the correct view of performance in the heart and its externalization in action. At present, 3 training courses have been held, training more than 150 people.
Qionghai (琼海市) City, Hainan Province, focused on county and department-level leading cadres, combined with different fields and positions, and conducted study and discussions around establishing and practicing a correct view of performance. At the same time, combined with the Hainan Free Trade Port Pioneer Action, a "Pioneer Lecturer Group" was formed to carry out thematic lectures on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance for party members and cadres.
Guiyang (贵阳市) City, Guizhou Province, focused on different industries and fields such as education, finance, non-public economic organizations, and social organizations, and delivered learning accurately; organized self-study through online platforms; gave play to the exemplary role of advanced models, and let people around them talk about things around them... Multiple measures were taken simultaneously to make the learning content more refined, the forms more flexible, and the effects more practical.
"I have a deeper understanding that the real achievements lie in how many practical things have been done for the people." Recently, the report hall of the Yuanjiang (沅江市) Municipal Party School in Yiyang (益阳市) City, Hunan Province, was packed with people, and a trainee cadre sighed after listening to the lecture. Recently, Yiyang (益阳市) City established a study and education work team, and guided party members and cadres to calibrate the coordinates of performance in in-depth study and understanding through special reading classes, youth reading sharing sessions, and other forms.
Open Education and Promoting Work Through Learning
"Every tourist season, cars are parked randomly, affecting villagers' travel." Not long ago, villagers from Da Ninth Village, Sangyuan Town (桑园镇), near the Wuqiao Acrobatics World (吴桥杂技大世界) in Cangzhou (沧州市), Hebei Province, complained that the parking lot plan was unreasonable. After receiving feedback, the Wuqiao County (吴桥县) Urban Management Bureau promptly consulted and judged, and built a temporary parking lot nearby. Cangzhou (沧州市) insisted on open education, solicited opinions from the masses, accepted supervision from the masses, and promoted people's livelihood practical matters such as convenient parking and charging services and the construction and upgrading of convenient vegetable markets, deepening ideological understanding and testing the quality of performance in solving problems and doing practical things.
Since the launch of study and education, Hohhot (呼和浩特市) City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, has insisted on making achievements for the people and making achievements through practical work, focusing on helping enterprises to overcome difficulties, promoting city leaders to contract enterprises, department leaders to visit enterprises, and relevant persons in charge of banners, counties, and districts to work on-site, sorting out three types of matters: problems, responsibilities, and rectification, and transforming the "demand list" of enterprises into a "performance list," guiding party members and cadres to learn while doing and do while learning.
"In the past, registering a company had to run to several places, but now it can be done in one stop at the window." In Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture (大理白族自治州), Yunnan Province, Mr. Yang, a resident tourist, not only successfully completed the company registration process, but also learned about more preferential policies for entrepreneurship. Since the launch of study and education, Dali Prefecture (大理州) has required party and government leading cadres at all levels to go down to the grassroots level, think about what the masses think, and be anxious about what the masses are anxious about, and implement the "masses raise the questions, cadres lead the questions, and solve the questions on-site," so that the correct view of performance can take root at the grassroots level and benefit people's livelihood through proactive work.
Some time ago, many residents of Nanfukang Community in Xingqing District (兴庆区), Yinchuan (银川市) City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, received their long-awaited real estate certificates with the joint efforts of the municipal government and the district's housing and construction, judicial, taxation, and real estate registration center units. Yinchuan (银川市) insisted on taking the resolution of historical legacy issues as an important starting point for testing the effectiveness of study and education, formed a list of government service problems, and promoted the solution of urgent and difficult problems for the masses, such as "difficulty in obtaining certificates," through departmental coordination and linkage, and the establishment of a tolerance mechanism, so that the masses could feel and touch the effectiveness of study and education.
(Our reporters He Zhaoyu (何昭宇), Zhang Wen (张文), Yang Wenming (杨文明), Huang Xian (黄娴), Yang Xun (杨迅), Gao Bing (高炳), Shao Yuzi (邵玉姿), Bai Guangdi (白光迪), Zhou Huan (周欢), Shi Yu (施钰), Zhao Jingfeng (赵景锋), Dong Zeyang (董泽扬), Cao Jiwei (曹继炜))
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 20th. The National Spring Agricultural Production Work Conference was held in Zhoukou City (周口市), Henan Province (河南省) on March 20th. Li Qiang (李强), member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Premier of the State Council, recently made important instructions on doing a good job in spring agricultural production. The instructions pointed out: This year is the opening year of the "15th Five-Year Plan," and it is of great significance to do a good job in "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers" and ensure a bumper harvest of grain and agriculture throughout the year. All regions and departments must adhere to Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as guidance, resolutely implement the decisions and deployments of the Party Central Committee, fully implement the spirit of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国两会), unremittingly focus on grain production, implement a new round of action to increase grain production capacity by 100 billion kilograms, and ensure a stable and safe supply of grain and other important agricultural products at a high level. It is necessary to implement regular and precise assistance, continuously consolidate and expand the achievements in poverty alleviation, improve the effectiveness of policies to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and enrich farmers, and solidly promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside. At present, it is a critical season for spring agricultural production. All regions and departments must resolutely shoulder the responsibility of ensuring national food security, meticulously focus on spring management and spring plowing, strengthen the guarantee of agricultural supply, stabilize the planting area of grain, promote the transformation of wheat seedlings to strong growth, improve the yield and quality of grain and oil crops, strengthen agricultural disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief, and strive for another bumper harvest of summer grain and oil, consolidate the foundation for grain production throughout the year, and provide strong support for achieving a good start to the "15th Five-Year Plan."
Liu Guozhong (刘国中), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice Premier of the State Council, attended the meeting and delivered a speech. He emphasized that it is necessary to thoroughly study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's (习近平) important expositions on the work of "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers," implement Premier Li Qiang's (李强) instructions, follow the deployment of the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国两会), always keep the string of ensuring food security tight, and unremittingly focus on agricultural production. It is necessary to organize agricultural technicians to go to the front line, guide the classification and management of winter wheat fields, promote the transformation and upgrading of seedling conditions, and strive to win a bumper harvest of summer grain. Implement various policies to benefit farmers, stabilize the planting area of grain, strengthen the supply and price stability of agricultural materials, and coordinate the production and supply of "vegetable basket" products. Continue to promote the integrated efficiency of good fields, good seeds, good machinery, and good methods, promote the yield and quality of grain and oil crops, optimize the agricultural production structure and regional layout according to local conditions, promote the construction of high-standard farmland with high quality, and accelerate the filling of shortcomings in disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief. Solidly promote the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, and coordinate the work of regular assistance, pilot projects for extending land contracts, and stabilizing employment for migrant workers. Combining with carrying out the study and education of establishing and practicing correct views on political achievements, strictly consolidate responsibilities, improve policy effectiveness, continuously improve work style, strengthen departmental coordination, and reflect the results of study and education in the development achievements of "agriculture, rural areas, and farmers."
Before the meeting, Liu Guozhong (刘国中) also went to Xuchang City (许昌市) and Zhoukou City (周口市) to conduct on-site investigations on winter wheat seedling conditions, application of yield-increasing and efficiency-enhancing technologies, socialized agricultural machinery services, and agricultural supply.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 20th (Reporter) - Wang Huning (王沪宁), Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国政协), met with Professor Allison of Harvard University (哈佛大学) in Beijing (北京) on the 20th.
Wang Huning (王沪宁) stated that President Xi Jinping (习近平) maintains good communication with President Trump (特朗普), providing important strategic guidance for the improvement and development of China-U.S. relations. This year is the starting year of China's "15th Five-Year Plan," and China will use the certainty of its own development to cope with the volatile international situation. The Taiwan issue is the core of China's core interests. The Chinese and American sides should strengthen dialogue and communication, properly manage differences, expand practical cooperation, find a correct way to get along, and inject certainty and positive energy into the world.
Allison stated that the current international peace and order are suffering serious erosion, and it is very important for the U.S. and China to find a correct way to get along for the world. President Xi Jinping's (习近平) judgment of the great changes unseen in a century and the three principles for developing China-U.S. relations are extremely enlightening. He hopes that the U.S. and China will properly handle issues such as Taiwan (台湾) to ensure the stable development of bilateral relations, which is also in line with the expectations of all countries.
Wang Dongfeng (王东峰) and others attended the meeting.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 20th. Foreign Ministry Spokesperson announced on the 20th: At the invitation of Kenyan Deputy President Rigathi Gachagua (Rigathi Gachagua), South African Deputy President Paul Mashatile (Paul Mashatile), and Seychelles Vice President Ahmed Afif (Ahmed Afif), Vice President of the People's Republic of China Han Zheng (韩正) will visit Kenya, South Africa, and Seychelles from March 22nd to 30th.
Return to TopOn March 20th, the "Road-Air Integrated" test base, the China Automotive Engineering Research Institute (中国汽研) Southern Testing Ground, was put into use in Shaoguan City (韶关市), Guangdong Province (广东省). The testing ground covers an area of approximately 8,600 mu, with an airspace detection area of approximately 100 square kilometers. It revolves around three major technology routes: single-vehicle intelligence, vehicle-road collaboration, and road-air integration, covering four major categories of products, including intelligent connected vehicles and low-altitude aircraft, and more than 100 test scenarios. The maximum test speed reaches 280 kilometers per hour, and the test altitude reaches 1200 meters. The picture shows flying cars and vehicles being tested simultaneously at the testing ground on the same day.
Xinhua News Agency (新华社) reporter Deng Hua (邓华) photo
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 20th (Reporter Dong Siyu (董丝雨)) This year, March 21st is the 14th International Day of Forests, with the theme "Forests and the Economy." A reporter learned on March 20th from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration (国家林草局): Currently, China's forest area reaches 3.614 billion mu, the national forest coverage rate reaches 25.09%, and the forest stock volume reaches 20.988 billion cubic meters. Forest area and forest stock have achieved double growth for 40 consecutive years, making China the country with the most and fastest increase in greening globally.
In recent years, China has continued to promote the healthy development of the forestry and grassland industry. The annual total output value of the forestry and grassland industry is nearly 11 trillion yuan, the annual total import and export trade volume of forest products exceeds 180 billion US dollars, the annual output of forest food exceeds 240 million tons, the annual number of ecological tourism tourists reaches 3 billion, and nearly 300,000 new types of business entities have been cultivated. The forestry and grassland industry directly employs more than 60 million people.
Return to TopBeijing, March 20th (Reported by Han Xin (韩鑫)) According to the State Post Bureau (国家邮政局) on March 20th, in the first two months of this year, the cumulative volume of postal industry delivery services in China reached 33.14 billion pieces, a year-on-year increase of 5.6%. Among them, the cumulative volume of express delivery services reached 30.49 billion pieces, a year-on-year increase of 7.1%, driving the cumulative revenue of express delivery services to 238.54 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 7.9%.
From the perspective of regional structure, in the first two months, the proportions of express delivery business revenue in the eastern, central, and western regions were 72.6%, 16.2%, and 11.2%, respectively, and the proportions of express delivery business volume were 68.0%, 21.3%, and 10.7%, respectively. Compared with the same period last year, the proportion of express delivery business revenue in the central region increased by 0.5 percentage points, and the proportion of express delivery business volume increased by 1.7 percentage points; the proportion of express delivery business revenue in the western region increased by 0.4 percentage points, and the proportion of express delivery business volume increased by 1.5 percentage points.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 20th (Reporter Zhang Yang (张洋)) Shi Taifeng (石泰峰), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, held a discussion on the 20th with newly elected academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and the Chinese Academy of Engineering (中国工程院) training class. He emphasized the need to thoroughly study and implement Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, cultivate deep patriotic feelings, strengthen the sense of mission and responsibility, devote themselves to innovation and creation, and continuously advance towards the breadth and depth of science and technology, so as to contribute wisdom and strength to building a strong country in science and technology as scheduled and promoting Chinese-style modernization.
Shi Taifeng (石泰峰) stated that the key to Chinese-style modernization lies in the modernization of science and technology. Academicians of the two academies are outstanding representatives of China's science and technology and engineering technology circles. They must consciously keep the "big picture of the country" in mind, adhere to facing the forefront of world science and technology, facing the main economic battlefield, facing the major national needs, and facing the people's life and health, and actively devote themselves to high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and self-improvement. We must unswervingly follow the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics, strengthen original innovation and the tackling of key core technologies, produce more original achievements "from 0 to 1," and firmly grasp the lifeline of science and technology and the initiative of development. We must give full play to the advantages of the new national system, effectively integrate the forces of all parties to collaborate on tackling key problems, promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation, and better support the high-quality economic and social development during the "15th Five-Year Plan" period. We must vigorously promote the spirit of scientists, take the lead in loving the Party and serving the country, benefiting the people, take the lead in being rigorous and realistic, focusing on research, take the lead in supporting younger generations and being willing to be ladders for others, and take the lead in being strict with themselves and maintaining integrity, so as to create a clean and upright scientific research and innovation ecology. We must adhere to the principle of the Party managing talent, strengthen talent policy support and service guarantees, and gather outstanding talents from all fields to the great struggle of the Party and the people.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京) March 20th. On March 20th, the Ministry of Justice (司法部), the People's Bank of China (中国人民银行), the National Financial Regulatory Administration (金融监管总局), the China Securities Regulatory Commission (中国证监会), and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (国家外汇局) published the "Financial Law of the People's Republic of China (Draft)" on their websites to solicit public comments.
The formulation of the Financial Law is an important decision and deployment made by the Party Central Committee (党中央). As the first fundamental law governing the financial field in China, the draft adheres to the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implements the important instructions and directives of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) on financial work and the spirit of the Central Financial Work Conference, unswervingly follows the path of financial development with Chinese characteristics, comprehensively strengthens financial supervision, prevents and resolves financial risks, promotes high-quality financial development, focuses on solving outstanding problems restricting high-quality financial development in China, and better leverages the fundamental, stabilizing, and long-term guarantee role of the rule of law.
The draft has 11 chapters and 95 articles, comprehensively summarizing and absorbing the achievements and experiences of China's financial rule of law construction since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, based on the new tasks and requirements facing the new era and new journey, and transforming the Party Central Committee's (党中央) decisions and deployments on financial work, theoretical innovations, and reform achievements and effective practices formed in financial management practice into legal norms that are jointly observed by the entire industry and society, providing a solid legal guarantee for accelerating the construction of a strong financial nation. The draft mainly stipulates the following contents:
First, it clarifies the directional and overall requirements of financial work. It emphasizes adhering to and strengthening the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee (党中央) over financial work, and adhering to a people-centered approach. It establishes the legislative purpose of building a strong financial nation and powerfully supporting the comprehensive advancement of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. It distinctly reflects requirements such as "the path of financial development with Chinese characteristics" and "the modern financial system with Chinese characteristics."
Second, it establishes a modern central bank system. Focusing on promoting the construction of a modern central bank system, it further clarifies the functional positioning of the central bank, continuously improves the scientific and sound monetary policy system, actively promotes the construction of a macro-prudential management system, and maintains the stability of the RMB (人民币) exchange rate and financial stability.
Third, it regulates the behavior and activities of financial institutions. It implements full-cycle management of the access, operation, and exit of financial institutions. It clarifies that the establishment and major changes of financial institutions and their branches must be approved.
Fourth, it enhances the standardization of financial products and services. Focusing on promoting the construction of a diversified and professional financial product and service system, it strengthens compliance management, meets the multi-level and diversified financial service needs of the real economy and the people, and severely cracks down on behaviors such as financial fraud.
Fifth, it optimizes the functions of the financial market system. It clarifies the basic functions and trading principles of the financial market, and improves the financial market stability mechanism. It establishes and improves the risk management system for financial infrastructure operating entities, and strengthens the performance guarantee of financial infrastructure.
Sixth, it comprehensively strengthens financial supervision. It clarifies the regulatory responsibilities in various fields of finance and the division of regulatory responsibilities between the central and local governments, and establishes a backstop regulatory mechanism to achieve full regulatory coverage. It improves the system and mechanism for protecting the rights and interests of financial consumers and investors. At the same time, it puts forward clear requirements for regulatory coordination, performance guarantee, and accountability.
Seventh, it improves the financial risk disposal mechanism. It adheres to the principles of market-based and rule-of-law risk disposal, focuses on improving the financial risk disposal mechanism, and firmly holds the bottom line of preventing systemic financial risks.
Eighth, it coordinates high-quality financial development and security. It adheres to financial services for the real economy, focuses on improving the efficiency of financial resource allocation, and effectively does a good job in the "five major articles" of finance. It promotes the construction of a credit system in the financial field, improves the anti-money laundering regulatory system, and improves financial security guarantee capabilities.
Ninth, it strengthens legal responsibility. It increases the punishment for illegal and non-compliant behaviors in the financial field, increases the cost of violations, and further strengthens institutional constraints.
In the process of drafting and reviewing, it adhered to the guidance of Xi Jinping (习近平) Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, conscientiously studied and understood Xi Jinping's (习近平) thought on the rule of law and Xi Jinping's (习近平) economic thought, thoroughly implemented the Party Central Committee's (党中央) decisions and deployments on financial work, carried out in-depth investigations and research, widely listened to opinions from all parties, carried out special research on relevant key issues, organized multiple symposiums to listen to opinions from local governments, experts, industry associations, and financial institutions, and carefully studied, fully absorbed, and continuously revised and improved the draft on a line-by-line basis.
The public solicitation of opinions on the draft is a major practice and specific embodiment of scientific legislation, democratic legislation, and legislation according to law, which is conducive to better responding to concerns, building consensus, improving the quality of financial legislation, and more powerfully promoting the comprehensive strengthening of financial supervision, preventing and resolving financial risks, and promoting high-quality financial development.
The public can submit opinions and suggestions by logging into the special column, sending emails, or sending paper letters. The deadline for public comment is April 19, 2026.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 曲哲涵
On March 20th, the Ministry of Justice (司法部), the People's Bank of China (中国人民银行), the National Financial Regulatory Administration (金融监管总局), the China Securities Regulatory Commission (中国证监会), and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (国家外汇局) jointly released the "Financial Law of the People's Republic of China (Draft)" for public comment. As the first overarching law in China's financial sector, what are the characteristics of the Financial Law? What systematic solutions does it offer to address the prominent issues in the current financial field?
Why Enact a Financial Law?
General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out: "Financial security relies on systems, vitality lies in the market, and order depends on the rule of law." With the progress of reform and opening up, China's financial legal system has been continuously improved, playing an important role in promoting the healthy development of the financial industry. However, there are also problems such as the lagging of financial legislation and amendments, and the lack of basic, comprehensive, and overarching laws. In the new era and on the new journey, new and higher requirements are put forward for the top-level design and institutional supply of financial laws.
The enactment of the Financial Law is conducive to further improving the matching and adaptability of financial rule of law and financial practice, promoting the steady and long-term development of financial reform and development on the track of the rule of law, comprehensively strengthening the overall coordination and systematic arrangement of financial rule of law, providing a basic legal framework, principles, and guidelines for the formulation and revision of other financial laws and regulations, enhancing the systematicness, integrity, and coordination of the financial legal system, and providing a solid legal guarantee for promoting high-quality financial development and accelerating the construction of a strong financial nation, which is of great significance.
What Kind of Law is the Financial Law?
As China's first basic, comprehensive, and overarching law in the financial field, the Financial Law adopts a general legislative model, covering legal gaps in a timely manner from the top-level design and macro level. In terms of content, it highlights systematicness and comprehensiveness, with strict logic and clear levels, comprehensively covering the basic legal norms of all aspects and the entire process of the modern financial system.
The draft specifies in the general provisions that accelerating the construction of a strong financial nation is the directional and overall requirement of financial work. It clarifies that "the state adheres to the path of financial development with Chinese characteristics, builds a modern financial system with Chinese characteristics, and cultivates and promotes a financial culture with Chinese characteristics."
The draft establishes special chapters on the central bank, financial institutions, financial products and services, financial markets, financial infrastructure, and financial supervision, closely focusing on the core elements that a strong financial nation should possess, and actively promoting the construction of a scientific and sound financial regulation system, a structurally reasonable financial market system, a financial institution system with division of labor and cooperation, a complete and effective financial supervision system, a diversified and professional financial product and service system, and an independent, controllable, safe, and efficient financial infrastructure system.
The draft clarifies the promotion of high-quality financial development and the acceleration of the construction of a strong financial nation, adhering to the realization of high-quality financial development in the process of serving the high-quality development of the economy and society. It adheres to promoting financial innovation and development on the track of marketization and the rule of law, encourages and supports doing a good job in the "five major articles" of finance, and promotes financial services to the real economy and meets the multi-level and diversified financial service needs of the people.
What Key Issues Does the Financial Law Address?
The drafting of the Financial Law adheres to a problem-oriented approach, focusing on solving the prominent legal challenges, shortcomings, and weaknesses that restrict China's high-quality financial development, especially the prominent legal issues exposed by major financial risk cases in recent years. The draft focuses on making systematic norms from the aspects of principles, concepts, responsibilities, authorizations, and penalties.
First, adhere to and strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee over financial work. The Party's leadership is the essential feature of the path of financial development with Chinese characteristics and the fundamental guarantee of high-quality financial development. In response to the problems of weakening and hollowing out the Party's leadership in the financial field, the draft adheres to and strengthens the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee over financial work. Establish a financial work leadership system with the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, which is efficient and authoritative.
Second, implement the requirement of full regulatory coverage. In response to the prominent problems of incomplete coverage, insufficient coordination, insufficient capacity, and untrue accountability in financial supervision in the past period, the draft promotes the construction of a complete and effective financial supervision system, improves the regulatory responsibility division system, and strengthens financial regulatory cooperation. Comprehensively strengthen the "five major supervisions," enrich regulatory authorization and corresponding toolboxes, strengthen regulatory performance guarantees, and strengthen regulatory accountability.
Third, strictly control access. Implement access management for financial institutions and financial businesses through administrative licensing, strengthen the standardized management of third-party service institutions, financial products, and services, and solve the common problems of the lack of overarching rules in the fields of financial institutions, products and services, third-party service institutions, and financial infrastructure from the source.
Fourth, regulate the behavior of "key few" such as shareholders and senior executives. Major risk events in the financial field in recent years show that the control or even hollowing out of financial institutions by major shareholders is an important cause of financial risks and is a source of financial risk that needs to be broken. The draft implements the principle of necessary separation of industrial capital and financial capital, strictly controls shareholder qualifications, strengthens corporate governance, regulates the behavior and appointment management of directors and senior executives, and strictly prevents the breeding and spread of financial risks.
Fifth, improve the financial risk disposal mechanism. The draft focuses on solving the problems of "one matter one discussion" in financial risk disposal, insufficient authorization of disposal measures, and insufficient disposal resources, and builds a long-term mechanism for financial risk prevention and disposal. It adheres to the principles of marketization and the rule of law, clarifies the disposal responsibilities and obligations of all parties, strengthens the guarantee of disposal resources, optimizes the connection between financial risk disposal and judicial procedures, effectively resolves and disposes of financial risks, and guards the bottom line of preventing systemic financial risks.
Sixth, improve the quality and efficiency of financial services to the real economy. Fully reflect that the natural duty of finance is to serve the real economy, deepen the structural reform of the financial supply side, coordinate opening up and security, and focus on solving the problems of low quality and efficiency of financial support for the real economy and **脱实向虚** (tuō shí xiàng xū - "abandoning the real for the virtual," detaching from the real economy and engaging in speculative activities). Further optimize the financing structure, improve the financial supply, effectively do a good job in the "five major articles" of finance, and achieve high-quality financial development while effectively promoting high-quality economic and social development.
Seventh, further improve legal deterrence. The draft further improves the civil, administrative, and criminal three-dimensional accountability system, clarifies the types of administrative punishment measures, and increases the cost of financial violations. Improve the principles, scales, and standards of punishment, and focus on solving the prominent problems of low cost of financial violations and insufficient deterrence. Severely punish the illegal activities of financial institutions and their shareholders, actual controllers, third-party service institutions, listed companies, and other financial activity participants, as well as those who assist in illegal activities, and severely punish illegal financial activities.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 常 钦文并图
When the Spring Equinox arrives, the wheat rises.
In Shangshui County (商水县), Zhoukou (周口), Henan (河南) province, the spring breeze caresses the continuous wheat fields, a verdant sight. As a major grain-producing county, Shangshui's 1.21 million mu of wheat is entering a critical period of growth.
Here, veteran agricultural experts are "diagnosing" in the soil, while intelligent agricultural machinery is performing precise operations in the wheat fields. The old and the new are working together to launch a spring field management campaign.
Squatting at the edge of the demonstration area for promoting the transformation of weak seedlings and increasing yield, Professor Guo Tiancai (郭天财), a gray-haired wheat cultivation expert, pulled up a "Zhoumai 38 (周麦38)" wheat plant, carefully brushed away the soil from the roots, and examined the tillers and secondary roots. "The leaf sheath is thick, the root system is deep, and the transformation is far better than expected." Guo Tiancai (郭天财) breathed a sigh of relief.
The vibrant vitality before him did not come easily. Affected by the intertwined effects of last year's autumn floods and localized drought, the Huang-Huai-Hai (黄淮海) wheat region encountered extreme sowing difficulties. "This is the year with the largest late-sown area and the highest proportion of Class III weak seedlings in my 50 years of research," said Guo Tiancai (郭天财).
To promote the transformation of weak seedlings, hundreds of expert teams went down to the front line, seizing the opportunity to topdress and weed since the beginning of spring. Coupled with the relatively high temperatures in the late winter and early spring and a timely rain, the weak seedlings ushered in a transformation. As of March 16, the proportion of Class I and II seedlings in Zhoukou City (周口市) reached 91.2%.
"Once the Spring Equinox passes, the wheat will fully enter the rising and jointing stage. There are still about 70 days until the wheat harvest, and there are still hurdles such as late frost damage and hot-dry wind, and each hurdle is not easy to pass. But as long as we manage it well, we can eat this year's steamed buns!" Guo Tiancai (郭天财) said, patting the soil on his hands.
On one side, veteran experts are squatting in the fields calculating the wheat grains, and on the other side, agricultural upstarts full of futuristic sense are showing their skills.
The hum of motors came from between the wheat rows, and a silver-white, uniquely shaped machine was moving forward at a uniform speed, evenly spraying fine mist on the leaves. This is the modular deformation robot independently developed by Juewu Technology (觉物科技) - Hechu T3000 (鹤出T3000).
"In the past, when driving old tractors to the fields, they were bulky, and when they turned around at the end of the field, they always crushed a piece of green seedlings, and the villagers were so anxious that they stamped their feet." The young agricultural machinery operator at the scene held up a smart terminal and showed reporters the "unique skills" of this robot, "You see, it doesn't need to turn around now, it directly translates and changes rows at the end of the field, the four wheels on the chassis can rotate 360 degrees in all directions, and it can also walk 'Z' shapes in the field without hurting the wheat seedlings."
Through high-precision positioning and automatic driving technology, this robot, carrying a 1060-liter medicine box, works in the Spring Equinox wheat fields with an efficiency of more than 100 mu per hour. It is not only flexible, but also its wheel track and chassis height can be automatically adjusted according to the crop conditions. At present, it is low wheat seedlings, and in the autumn, mature crops can also be easily crossed.
This robot also has "piercing eyes." Relying on edge computing and visual recognition systems, in the targeted spraying mode, it can accurately distinguish between wheat and weeds, realize "point-and-shoot" variable spraying, and save more than 70% of the medicine dosage compared with traditional machinery.
The wheat seedlings in the wilderness stretch in the spring breeze. The sense of technology and the fragrance of soil blend just right in the "Central Plains Granary."
Return to TopThis newspaper Beijing (北京) March 20th (Reporter Li Xinping (李心萍)) The reporter learned from China North Industries Group Corporation (中国兵器工业集团): On March 20th, the "Aisheng Lingque·Hongyun" drone developed by Xi'an Aisheng Technology Group Co., Ltd. (西安爱生技术集团有限公司) of China North Industries Group Corporation (中国兵器工业集团) was officially delivered.
This "new agricultural tool" specially designed for complex mountainous logistics has the ability to carry 40 kilograms, resist level 7 winds, and operate stably at an altitude of 2,000 meters. Its use can reduce transportation costs by 30% to 40%, allowing high value-added agricultural products such as fungi to be rushed "fresh" out of the mountains, increasing prices by 10% to 15%, and substantially increasing farmers' income. When returning, it can also bring daily necessities and emergency medicines to villages scattered in the mountains.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 20th (Reporter Luo Shanshan (罗珊珊)). Recently, the Ministry of Commerce (商务部), the Central Cyberspace Administration (中央网信办), the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (外交部), the Ministry of Education (教育部), the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), and other nine departments issued the "Policy Measures on Promoting the Export of Travel Services and Expanding Inbound Consumption," putting forward 16 specific policy measures in seven aspects: expanding inbound tourism consumption, facilitating inbound business activities, activating inbound sports consumption, promoting inbound cultural and entertainment consumption, expanding inbound health consumption, developing inbound education and training consumption, and improving safeguard measures.
Travel services (including tourism, study abroad, medical treatment, etc.) are the largest area of service trade in China, with the scale of imports and exports accounting for more than 1/4 of the total service trade, but it is also the area with the largest deficit in China's service trade. Inbound consumption is an important part of service exports and an important growth point for service consumption.
In recent years, China has continued to promote a series of measures such as visa facilitation, payment internationalization, and service standardization, introduced offshore tax refund policies, and optimized the international consumption environment, which has rapidly enhanced the attractiveness of inbound consumption. In 2025, the number of inbound foreign tourists nationwide was 35.17 million, an increase of 30.5% compared to 2024. Various consumption activities such as "eating, living, traveling, shopping, and entertainment" of inbound tourists in China are included in China's travel service exports. In 2025, the export scale was 393.98 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 49.5%, which is 1.6 times that of 2019.
The policy measures cover all-round inbound scenarios. According to different inbound purposes and consumption needs, they focus on various inbound consumption scenarios such as tourism shopping, business exhibitions, watching games and performances, health consumption, and education and training. They not only introduce a series of measures from the perspective of "increasing the supply of high-quality services," but also propose a number of new measures from the perspective of "integrating consumption resources and promoting integrated development," such as launching "sports event + tourism" packages, expanding "performance + cultural tourism" integrated consumption scenarios, supporting the creation of "international performance consumption zones," and supporting the creation of international medical tourism brands.
In addition, the policy measures focus on removing the bottlenecks in the entire process of "eating, living, traveling, shopping, and entertainment" after entry, and implement a series of convenient measures in various links such as payment, tax refunds, communication, sightseeing, and ticket purchases, to build a full-chain promotion system, so that international travelers can enhance their consumption experience of "traveling in China" and "shopping in China."
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 李林蔚 姜泓冰 季觉苏
Stepping onto Chongming Island (崇明岛) in the spring, the air is moist and fresh, and the birdsong is crisp and melodious.
"Every time I come to Chongming (崇明), I can always take satisfactory photos," said Mr. Qiu (仇先生), a photography enthusiast living in Jing'an District (静安区), Shanghai (上海).
Here, is the third largest island in China, backed by the international metropolis of Shanghai (上海), and always adhering to its ecological background.
In April 2007, when Xi Jinping (习近平), then Secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, visited Chongming (崇明) for research, he pointed out: "Along the way, I have a deep impression of Chongming Island (崇明岛). Chongming's (崇明) development concept is very good. We must follow the idea of building an ecological island, and do it conscientiously. As long as we are sure of the direction, we must not waver."
Starting from reality, seeking development with a scientific attitude and pragmatic spirit, has created today's vivid picture of green shores and clear waters, and the harmonious coexistence of people and nature on Chongming Island (崇明岛). Recently, reporters walked into Chongming Island (崇明岛) to appreciate the profound connotation and practical value of "scientific decision-making."
Taking a long-term view, building a solid ecological foundation with strategic determination.
Chongming Dongtan (崇明东滩), reeds undulating, waterbirds gathering. "On March 4 this year, we conducted a synchronous waterbird survey in the reserve and recorded 5,216 Lesser Swans, breaking the historical record." Niu Dongliang (钮栋梁), director of the Chongming Dongtan (崇明东滩) Nature Reserve Management Affairs Center, is quite proud.
Chongming Island (崇明岛), located at the mouth of the Yangtze River (长江), has a unique geographical location, but also faces a variety of external pressures such as reduced sand and water from the upper reaches and rising sea levels, and the vulnerability of the ecological environment has long existed. As early as 2001, Chongming (崇明) clearly defined the development direction of establishing the island on ecology.
In April 2007, Xi Jinping (习近平) further requested that "Chongming (崇明) should be built into a modern ecological island area with a harmonious and beautiful environment, intensive use of resources, and coordinated economic and social development."
"'Shanghai (上海) still needs to have some blank space, and cannot engage in large-scale development.' This kind of 'blank space' is not 'not doing', but leaving enough space for sustainable development." Chu Weidong (褚卫东), director of the Chongming District (崇明区) Ecology and Environment Bureau, said, "Only by adhering to a scientific attitude and pragmatic spirit, starting from reality, and acting according to the laws, can we create achievements that can stand the test of practice, the people, and history."
Over the years, Chongming (崇明) has always insisted on taking a long-term view and a holistic view, and has invested more than 4 billion yuan in wetland ecological protection and water environment management, and has successively completed a series of projects such as Spartina alterniflora management, Dongtan (东滩) wetland bird habitat optimization, and the Yangtze River (长江) fishing ban and retreat.
The Spartina alterniflora management project once had two options: one was to take the path of chemical restoration, which was fast and short in cycle, but may have subsequent effects on the bottom mud, water body, and wetland background; the other was to take the path of artificial restoration, which required more investment and a longer treatment cycle, but could minimize the disturbance to the original ecosystem as much as possible.
"We asked relevant parties to repeatedly demonstrate and finally chose the artificial restoration plan." Tang Chendong (汤臣栋), then director of the Dongtan (东滩) Nature Reserve Management Office, said, "Eliminating the impetuous impulse for political achievements is the real responsibility to future generations." In the end, after more than 5 years of efforts, the degraded wetland ecosystem has been gradually restored.
Adapting to local conditions, grasping development opportunities with precise positioning.
In fact, in the course of Chongming's (崇明) development, local cadres have not hesitated or wavered.
"Other suburban areas have seen buildings rising one after another, and the total economic volume has been increasing year by year, but Chongming (崇明) has to adhere to 'ecology', is it a bit uneconomical? Some people also think that the construction of an ecological island is a restriction on development, and thus complain and do not understand." Lu Yi (陆一), former director of the Chongming County (崇明县) Development Planning Commission, recalled.
Two key "opportunities" have further tested the performance of Chongming's (崇明) party members and cadres.
One was the opening of the Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge (上海长江隧桥) in 2009, which connected Chongming Island (崇明岛) to Shanghai (上海) by "land", and at that time, a number of industries along the Huangpu River (黄浦江) needed to be transferred, and Chongming (崇明), which was close and rich in coastline resources, became a "sweet pastry."
The other was the opening of the Chongqi Bridge (崇启大桥) in 2011, which made Chongming (崇明) a transportation hub connecting Shanghai (上海) and Qidong City (启东市) and Haimen City (海门市) (now Haimen District (海门区)), Nantong (南通), Jiangsu (江苏). Some people felt that the opportunity to engage in large-scale economic development had come.
How to choose? How to make trade-offs?
"In fact, as early as the April 2007 survey, Secretary Xi (习书记) clearly required that 'we must accelerate the construction of a modern ecological industrial system'. This is not only an accurate positioning of Chongming's (崇明) reality, but also contains a deep understanding of the laws of development." Hu Tingting (胡婷婷), deputy director of the Chongming District (崇明区) Development and Reform Commission, said, "We did not blindly develop and construct, but conducted repeated research and demonstrations to analyze where Chongming's (崇明) advantages and disadvantages lie. In the end, everyone unified their thinking. Chongming Island's (崇明岛) special location does not have the relative advantage of developing industry. On the contrary, the vast ecological strategic space and the rare ecological value are our foundation."
"Seeing the general trend and finding the right positioning is what is now often said to be adapting to local conditions and seeking truth from facts." Wu Mei (吴美), deputy general manager and party branch secretary of Shanghai Guanhua Stainless Steel Products Co., Ltd. (上海冠华不锈钢制品股份有限公司), has a deep feeling. As a traditional manufacturing enterprise, in the past two years, domestic and foreign customers have increasingly high requirements for carbon emissions, supply chain traceability, and circular production, and the old methods are becoming increasingly difficult to adapt to the new market. "If we continue to rely on traditional manufacturing to compete on price and cost, the road will become narrower and narrower."
Under the guidance of establishing the island on ecology, Guanhua Stainless Steel (冠华不锈钢) has taken the initiative to change, first using the roof of the factory to develop distributed photovoltaic power generation, and then building a decentralized wind power project to gradually increase the proportion of green electricity used. By 2024, the wind power project will be in place, superimposed on the previous photovoltaic, and the company will basically achieve self-sufficiency in electricity in the future, moving towards a "zero-carbon factory."
"Establishing the island on ecology is not only setting rules for development, but also pointing the direction for enterprises." Wu Mei (吴美) said, "Being influenced by the ecological concept early and starting the transformation early has instead seized the opportunity in the new round of competition."
Taking into account all aspects, writing a people-benefiting answer sheet with a systematic concept.
Heading east along Chongming Island (崇明岛), passing through fields and forest belts, Yingdong Village (瀛东村) in Chenjia Town (陈家镇) comes into view. The river is clear, the village roads are clean, and the farmhouses and homestays are scattered in an orderly manner. "These days, we are busy with the Flower Festival. There are also various Shanghai (上海) landmark agricultural products and intangible cultural heritage creative products on site, which are extremely popular!" Guo Lizhou (郭礼周), secretary of the Yingdong Village (瀛东村) Party Branch, is busy and full of joy.
In 2007, Xi Jinping (习近平) came to Yingdong Village (瀛东村) and visited the home of villager Yin Quanlang (尹全郎). Yin Quanlang (尹全郎) remembers very clearly, "Secretary Xi (习书记) asked very carefully, and every sentence fell on the lives of the common people."
"In those days, Secretary Xi (习书记) urged 'to correctly handle the relationship between ecology and people's livelihood'. In recent years, our common people have truly felt that the ecological environment has improved, the welfare benefits of the common people have improved, and the industry is also developing steadily." Guo Lizhou (郭礼周) said with deep feeling, "A good ecology is a good people's livelihood, and green waters and green mountains are golden mountains and silver mountains."
In recent years, the village has connected the North and South Lakes to form a 1,000-mu large water surface, and cooperated with universities to develop green and pollution-free aquatic product farming, doing fishing and leisure tourism on the water, and upgrading the ecological resort on the shore. "I have more than 3,400 yuan of income every month, and the village also gives our old couple dividends at the end of the year, 5,000 yuan per person, and the couple's annual income adds up to more than 80,000 yuan." Yin Quanlang (尹全郎), 73, said with a smile.
"Coordinating development and protection, coordinating ecology and people's livelihood, this is a systematic concept." Hu Tingting (胡婷婷) said. Chongming (崇明) has rolled out six rounds of three-year action plans for the construction of ecological islands, with a cumulative arrangement of more than 200 key projects, and has put ecological restoration, infrastructure, people's livelihood security, and industrial transformation on a single map for coordinated promotion. In 2025, the per capita disposable income of all residents will reach 57,100 yuan, an increase of 5.4%; in 2025, the per capita life expectancy in Chongming (崇明) has increased to 85.33 years.
"Not greedy for temporary success, not seeking temporary benefits, adhering to starting from reality and acting according to the laws, this is a valuable inspiration for the development of Chongming (崇明)." Li Jun (李峻), Secretary of the Chongming District (崇明区) Party Committee, said, "We must unswervingly follow the path of ecological priority and green development, and in the process of promoting the construction of a world-class ecological island, we must pay attention to coordinating protection and development, ecological beauty and economic value, both guarding the ecological bottom line and actively exploring the path of ecological value transformation, and strive to better transform ecological advantages into development advantages."
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 20th (Reporter Wang Guan (王观)): To further unleash consumption potential, the Ministry of Finance (财政部), the Ministry of Commerce (商务部), and the State Taxation Administration (国家税务总局) will launch a 6-month prize-winning invoice pilot program in 50 cities starting in early 2026. As of March 12, the pilot cities for prize-winning invoices have allocated 1.85 billion yuan in prize money, attracting a cumulative 230 million participants, with initial results showing a boost in consumption.
During the implementation of the prize-winning invoice program, some consumers and merchants, in order to increase their chances of winning, have engaged in behaviors such as illegally voiding invoices with red characters after the lottery and repeatedly invalidating invoices, which violate the activity rules, disrupt the order of fair participation, and damage the legitimate rights and interests of the majority of consumers. The relevant person in charge of the征管和科技发展司 of the State Taxation Administration (国家税务总局) stated that in accordance with the relevant requirements of the "Measures for the Administration of Invoices of the People's Republic of China" (《中华人民共和国发票管理办法》) and its implementation details, relevant departments will coordinate to focus on monitoring and investigating the following types of violations during the implementation of the prize-winning invoice program.
The first is illegally issuing false invoices, that is, issuing invoices for participation in the prize-winning invoice program that do not reflect actual consumption or are inconsistent with actual consumption scenarios; the second is unreasonably splitting or merging invoices, that is, splitting or merging invoice amounts unreasonably or inconsistently with the actual situation in order to obtain more winning opportunities; the third is illegally voiding invoices with red characters, that is, issuing red-character invoices in the absence of sales returns, invoicing errors, termination of taxable services, sales discounts, or repeatedly issuing invoices after changing the buyer's information for the same transaction by voiding the original invoice with red characters.
Previously, some local commerce departments issued announcements stating that if it is verified that there are violations such as illegal participation or illegal lottery draws, the distributed bonuses will be recovered through technical means in accordance with laws and regulations, and measures such as canceling participation qualifications and including them in abnormal lists will be taken depending on the circumstances. Individual merchants with existing violations will have their eligibility to participate in this activity suspended.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 龚 鸣 魏 贺 李欣怡 宋豪新
From March 9th to 18th, a delegation of cadres from the ruling United Seychelles party of Seychelles visited China. From the verdant Land of Abundance to the northern land where spring is just beginning, what they saw and heard in China left a deep impression on the delegation members. They said that China's development achievements are admirable, and the experiences explored are of significant reference value.
"China formulates long-term plans,描绘宏伟愿景, and continuously promotes their implementation"
In Chongzhou (崇州), Sichuan (四川), in Wuxing Village (五星村), rapeseed flowers bloom in the fields, attracting a constant stream of tourists, and the coffee shop run by returning young people is thriving; in Zhuyi Village (竹艺村), various bamboo weaving artworks are exquisite and unique, and young designers and local residents jointly start businesses... The delegation members witnessed a vibrant picture of rural development in China.
"China formulates long-term plans, 描绘宏伟愿景 (miáo huì hóng wěi yuàn jǐng - "depict grand vision," to outline an ambitious plan or goal), and continuously promotes their implementation," said Paul Ernesta (保罗·埃内斯塔), head of the delegation and Secretary-General of the United Seychelles party. He said that the local government's protection of the rural environment, exploration of rural characteristics, and development of tourism projects "provide inspiration for rural development in Seychelles."
Larry Estale (拉里·埃斯特尔), a member of the Central Committee of the United Seychelles party, noted that many local young people have returned to their hometowns to start their own businesses. "Coming to China and seeing everything that is happening here, I know why China can succeed." He said with emotion that whether it is infrastructure, urban and rural appearance, or people's living standards, China's level of modernization in many aspects is amazing.
Seychelles is an archipelago country located in East Africa and the western Indian Ocean, consisting of 115 islands of various sizes, and enjoys the reputation of "tourist paradise." Out of love for the ecological resources on which they depend for survival, the delegation paid close attention to China's achievements in green development.
At the Dujiangyan (都江堰) base of the China Giant Panda Protection and Research Center, Maria Meriton (玛丽亚·梅里顿), a young grassroots cadre of the United Seychelles party, carefully learned about the local ecological environment protection situation. She said that China not only attaches importance to the protection of rare animals, but also attaches great importance to improving the ecological environment, especially the rural environment, which is inspiring for Seychelles.
Chantal Ghislain (尚塔尔·吉斯兰), a media officer of the United Seychelles party, noted that Beijing's forest coverage rate is 45%, "which is a remarkable achievement for a mega-city." She also noted that the population of Beijing Swifts is increasing year by year, and this intercontinental migratory bird also frequently appears in Africa. She said that China's green development concept has had a real impact on the world.
Estale said that China has not only protected the environment but also increased people's income through the development of eco-tourism. Tourism is an important economic pillar of Seychelles, and Seychelles and China can strengthen tourism cooperation.
Gael Morel (加埃尔·莫雷尔), a young grassroots cadre of the United Seychelles party, said that China's development of new energy technologies has effectively reduced pollution emissions and made important contributions to environmental protection. "I hope China will introduce more innovative measures to work with African countries to achieve sustainable development."
"China's story is inspiring for the next generation and countries around the world"
The delegation members visited the Sichuan Red Army Cadre College (四川长征干部学院), the Museum of the History of the Communist Party of China (中国共产党历史展览馆), the Party School of the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China (中共北京市委党校), etc., to gain an in-depth understanding of the history of the Communist Party of China and its practice of governing the country.
After visiting the Museum of the History of the Communist Party of China, one delegation member wrote the following message: "I wish the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people continued success. China's story is inspiring for the next generation and countries around the world. Never forget the original intention."
"It is very necessary to have an in-depth understanding of the development process of the Communist Party of China." Kimberly Marie (金伯莉·玛丽), a member of the Seychelles National Youth Executive Committee, said that her studies at the Sichuan Red Army Cadre College left a deep impression on her. "As long as we are united, it is difficult to be defeated. The valuable experience of the Communist Party of China in uniting the people is worth learning from."
"As soon as I entered the preface hall of the Museum of the History of the Communist Party of China, I was shocked by the lacquer mural 'Ode to the Great Wall'. China is a country that values history." Estale said that during the visit, historical scenes such as the May Fourth Movement, the Long March, and the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression seemed to appear before his eyes. "History tells us where we come from and where we are going." He said that China's people-centered development philosophy resonates with people, and the United Seychelles party headquarters is called "People's House," and the party is also committed to creating a better life for the people.
Roger Denousse (罗杰·德努斯), a member of the regional executive committee of the United Seychelles party, is of Chinese descent, and this is his first time on Chinese soil. "I very much understand and agree with the people-centered development philosophy." Denousse said that the Communist Party of China unites and leads the people to achieve national development and prosperity, and therefore receives widespread support and support from the people.
Ghislain told reporters that what impressed her most during this trip was China's efficient execution in translating development concepts into real actions. "Once China decides to do something, it can act quickly and see results. It took less than 5 years from the start of construction to the official operation of Beijing Daxing International Airport (北京大兴国际机场)."
"Learn from China's experience and mechanisms so that young people can participate, act, and change"
Most of the delegation members are grassroots youth cadres of the United Seychelles party, many of whom are from Generation Z. "We came to China with questions. The population aged 15 to 35 in Seychelles accounts for 30% of the national population and is a valuable asset for Seychelles' development." Nelda Auguste (内尔达·奥古斯特), coordinator of the United Seychelles party headquarters, said, "China has a lot of experience in youth training, and we want to see China's approach."
At Peking University (北京大学), the delegation members learned about the life of Li Dazhao (李大钊), an early founder of the Communist Party of China, and laid flowers at Li Dazhao's bronze statue. Elvira Vital (艾尔维拉·维塔尔), a public affairs officer of the United Seychelles party headquarters, said that Li Dazhao's significance to China lies in making ordinary young people realize that their personal destiny can be closely linked to the country's future.
In China, there are more than 90 million registered youth volunteers, and more than 80% of the researchers involved in national key research and development projects are under the age of 45... At the exchange meeting, a series of data shared by teachers and students of Peking University aroused great interest among the delegation members.
"China provides a specific path for young people to participate in national development. Young people are not bystanders, they are active in university campuses, community services, scientific and technological progress and other fields." Vital said that after returning to China, she will share these observations with the youth organizations she belongs to, help Seychelles young people find their place, and empower them.
"Chinese young people integrate their personal ideals into national development, which touches us very much." Ernesta said, "We must learn from China's experience and mechanisms so that young people can participate, act, and change." He will promote more Seychelles young people to understand China and learn from China, "I hope to maintain contact with our peers in China and carry out more cooperation in the fields of youth leadership training, digital empowerment, and environmental protection actions."
Vanessa Estale (瓦内莎·艾斯特拉尔), a young grassroots cadre of the United Seychelles party, is very concerned about China's agricultural modernization achievements, such as agricultural product reprocessing, modernization of water conservancy facilities, and cooperative management. She said that she hopes to have the opportunity to study in China in the future and bring relevant practical experience back to Seychelles.
Denousse said that Seychelles young people are very enthusiastic about participating in this event. They are eager to understand China and hope to learn from China's experience in national development and governance and apply it to their work. "Youth is the future of the country. We hope to send more Seychelles youth teams to China for visits and study."
(Our reporter Wang Siyuan (汪思源) participated in the writing, and Chen Chun'an (陈春安) also contributed to this article)
Layout design: Shen Yiling (沈亦伶)
Return to Top"Predictable" means reassuring and reliable in critical moments. China will continue to stand firmly on the right side of history, injecting stable impetus into global development with its own development, contributing stable strength to the once-in-a-century changes with its responsibility as a major country, and always being the most stable, reliable, and positive force in a turbulent world.
Recently, a German media outlet published an article pointing out that in a turbulent and conflict-ridden world, China is shaping the image of a "predictable partner," promising stability and advocating cooperation. As "uncertainty" becomes a high-frequency word to describe the mood of today's era, the international community regards China as a "predictable partner," which is a high recognition of China's stability and growth, and demonstrates the world significance of China's governance and China's development.
"Predictable" stems from the continuous coherence of policies and the efficient advancement of governance. The Fourth Session of the 14th National People's Congress (全国人民代表大会) passed the National Development and Planning Law, providing a strong guarantee for the scientific formulation and effective implementation of national development plans on the track of the rule of law, which has received widespread attention from the international community. Overseas people believe that China "has fixed a proven and effective system in the form of law," ensuring the stability and predictability of China's development, and also injecting confidence into global companies to increase investment in China. From the "First Five-Year Plan" to the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan," China adheres to a long-term development vision, anchors its course with clear strategic plans, and achieves its goals with firm implementation. The "what China says, China does" characteristic displayed by China provides stable development expectations for its partners.
"Predictable" stems from the certainty and sense of responsibility of China's foreign policy. The Chinese people have always had a global perspective and pursue the realm of universal harmony. Against the background of increasingly sharp global conflicts and increasingly fierce competition and confrontation, China is anchoring the goal of building a community with a shared future for mankind and adhering to the path of peaceful development. China will never follow the old path of a strong country seeking hegemony, nor does it agree with the logic of "great power co-governance." Instead, it advocates an equal and orderly multi-polar world and an inclusive economic globalization, adheres to the global governance concept of consultation, joint construction, and sharing, and leads the transformation of global governance with the concepts of fairness, justice, openness, and inclusiveness. No matter how the international situation changes, China always contributes reliable strength to the turbulent world with its responsibility and responsibility as a major country, and unswervingly acts as a "predictable partner dedicated to maintaining the stability of the international order and opposing destructive policies."
"Predictable" stems from China's certainty in empowering the world with its own development. In the past five years, China's average annual economic growth rate was 5.4%, and its contribution rate to global economic growth remained at about 30%, releasing positive energy through steady development and pragmatic cooperation. The "Fifteenth Five-Year Plan" outlines a magnificent picture of China's high-quality development. From leading the development of new quality productive forces to improving the level of digital and intelligent development and actively expanding independent opening up, China will continue to work with all parties to achieve complementary advantages and shared opportunities in cooperation, and achieve common development and mutual success in the integration of interests. "As the world's largest exporter and second largest importer, China adheres to a high level of opening up to the outside world, creating more predictable and diversified development opportunities for global companies." This remark by Rebeca Grynspan, Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, expresses a broad international consensus.
Ultimately, China's "predictability" stems from a constant value coordinate: to enable people to live a better life. China expects a stable external development environment and also hopes to make the world a better place with its own development. The logic that "the world is good, then China can be good; China is good, then the world will be better" makes China always care for the destiny of mankind with broad minds, and firmly act as the world's force for peace, stability, and justice, and make unremitting efforts to improve the well-being of all mankind.
"Predictable" means reassuring and reliable in critical moments. 执大象，天下往 (zhí dà xiàng, tiān xià wǎng - "Hold the great image, and the world will come," those who grasp the great principles will naturally attract others). China will continue to stand firmly on the right side of history, injecting stable impetus into global development with its own development, contributing stable strength to the once-in-a-century changes with its responsibility as a major country, and always being the most stable, reliable, and positive force in a turbulent world.
Return to TopBy: 李军晓
The profound disasters that Japanese militarism brought to Asia and the world during World War II must not be forgotten. The international community should be highly vigilant and resolutely resist the reckless actions of Japan's "new militarism," and absolutely no one should be allowed to challenge the post-war international order.
The Guangdong Provincial Archives (广东省档案馆) recently held a donation and exhibition of archival materials related to the historical evidence of Japan's invasion of China. This event once again provided irrefutable historical evidence for restoring the truth about the Japanese militarists' war of aggression against China, and once again reminded the world to remember history and be vigilant against the lingering ghost of Japanese militarism.
These donated and exhibited archives mainly include historical evidence such as letters from Japanese soldiers who invaded China, photos taken by accompanying photographers, testimonies from veterans of germ warfare, reports on the war situation by Japanese media, and albums of aggression. On a micro and concrete level, the original handwritten Japanese letters from Saito Katsuyuki (斋藤胜之), a soldier of the invading Japanese army, sent back to Japan from his garrison in South China and stamped with Japanese military postmarks, described the Japanese army's implementation of military aggression, promotion of enslavement education, and persecution of Chinese people in the South China region at that time. Even more appalling is that he described these atrocities as "really interesting" in his letters. These are original pieces of evidence spontaneously recorded by the invaders, who were unaware that they would be held accountable for the historical crimes of the war of aggression. The black and white writing is undeniable.
On the level of grand narrative, the original photos of the aggression and atrocities taken by the accompanying photographers of the 21st Army of the Japanese Army that invaded South China, the war situation albums and series of reports such as "China War Front Photography" published by Japanese news media such as "Asahi Pictorial" (《朝日画报》) at that time, recorded the barbaric, crazy, and inhumane acts of aggression by the invading Japanese army from north to south and from east to west. When Peiping (北平), Nanjing (南京), Shanghai (上海), Wuhan (武汉), Guangzhou (广州), Hong Kong (香港), Haikou (海口) and other places fell, the Japanese army's atrocities of burning, killing, and looting were shocking. Among them, "Asahi Pictorial" published in May 1939 contained many photos of varying sizes and details of the Japanese army's invasion of China's Nansha Islands (南沙群岛), reflecting the Japanese militarists' ambition to covet China's South China Sea.
It must be mentioned that these archives also include relatively rare late-life testimonies from veterans of germ warfare. As is well known, during World War II, Japan constructed a systematic so-called "epidemic prevention and water supply unit" that engaged in organized and premeditated germ warfare in the occupied areas. In addition to the notorious Unit 731 (731部队), Unit 8604 (波第8604部队), which engaged in germ warfare in South China, also committed heinous crimes against humanity. The original Japanese manuscript of the testimony of Inoue Mutsuo (井上睦雄), a veteran of Unit 8604, when he was interviewed by Sogawa Yoshitani (糟川良谷) in July 1995, revealed the details of his crimes when he served in the pathological anatomy team of the fourth section of the unit, dissecting the living bodies and corpses of Chinese soldiers and civilians, and included a schematic diagram of the dissection. He also confessed to breeding more than 500,000 white field mice and a large number of plague fleas for plague warfare. This is not an isolated case. The Japanese printed manuscript of Maruyama Shigeru (丸山茂), another veteran of the unit, at a public forum in 1993, also revealed that he personally witnessed the unit throwing typhoid bacteria and Salmonella enteritidis into the wells and refugee food at the Nantoutou Refugee Camp (南石头难民收容所) in Guangzhou, and massacring refugees in Hong Kong. The above are all self-confessed evidence left by the parties involved in germ warfare in their later years because they could not resist the torment of human nature. These conclusive facts, together with the germ warfare sites and archives preserved in China, the relevant archives publicly collected in the United States and Japan, and the international war trial judicial conclusions such as the Soviet Khabarovsk Trial, corroborate each other and restore and solidify the historical truth that Japan openly violated international law and brazenly used bacteriological weapons during World War II in a panoramic and three-dimensional manner.
Let history speak and use historical facts to speak. These archival materials include both on-site records by the parties involved and historical memories; both official publications and private family letters; both written documents and image data. Their common characteristics and special value lie in the fact that they truly reproduce the atrocities of the Japanese war of aggression against China from the perspective of the invaders and in Japanese. They are self-confessed evidence and conclusive ironclad evidence intentionally or unintentionally, directly or indirectly left by the invaders, with historical authenticity and visual impact.
History is history and cannot be arbitrarily tampered with; facts are facts and cannot be arbitrarily erased. These archival materials also prove once again that the profound disasters that Japanese militarism brought to Asia and the world during World War II must not be forgotten. The international community should be highly vigilant and resolutely resist the reckless actions of Japan's "new militarism," and absolutely no one should be allowed to challenge the post-war international order.
(The author is the director of the Guangdong Provincial Archives (广东省档案馆))
Return to TopBeijing, March 20th (People's Daily) -- Wang Yi (王毅), member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Director of the Office of the Central Foreign Affairs Commission, spoke by telephone with French President's Diplomatic Advisor Emmanuel Bonne on March 20th at the latter's request to communicate on the Middle East situation.
Bonne introduced his views on the current situation in the Middle East, including Iran and Lebanon, and said that France and China are major countries, both support the United Nations, abide by international law, and advocate resolving differences through dialogue. They should jointly find a way to ease the situation, de-escalate tensions, and restart negotiations, and make contributions. France is willing to strengthen communication and cooperation with China in this regard to promote the early realization of peace and stability in the Middle East.
Wang Yi (王毅) elaborated on China's position, saying that the current Middle East situation is still deteriorating, and the war continues to spill over and expand, which not only impacts the stability of global energy supply, but also brings huge humanitarian crises. Resorting to force cannot solve the problem, and unjust wars should not continue. Faced with the current critical situation, China and France, as permanent members of the UN Security Council, should strengthen strategic communication and coordination, firmly safeguard the UN Charter and international law, and prevent the world from reverting to the "law of the jungle." The immediate priorities are: first, to curb the spread of the conflict and prevent other countries from further involvement; second, the international community should send a unified voice for an immediate ceasefire and cessation of hostilities, and increase efforts to promote peace talks; and third, the United Nations and the Security Council should play their due role in promoting the early restoration of regional peace and stability. Although facing difficulties, the correct way out of the crisis is still dialogue and negotiation, and China and France should make joint efforts for this.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 程是颉 王旭琛
"China's economy continues to develop steadily and soundly, firmly promoting high-level opening up and international cooperation, injecting valuable stability and certainty into the world." Pakistani Ambassador to China Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) said in a recent interview with our reporter that this year marks the beginning of China's "15th Five-Year Plan," and the path of high-quality development in China outlined by the National People's Congress and the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (全国两会) is becoming clearer. Chinese-style modernization is steadily advancing, and China continues to share opportunities with the world through high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road" and other platforms, promoting global common development.
"The strategic focus, systematic planning capabilities, and policy continuity reflected in China's medium- and long-term plans are impressive." Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) was invited to attend the opening meeting of the Fourth Session of the 14th National People's Congress (十四届全国人大四次会议) and gained a deeper understanding of China's development planning path through the *Government Work Report* (《政府工作报告》). He stated that from the successful conclusion of the "14th Five-Year Plan" to the unfolding blueprint of the "15th Five-Year Plan," the Chinese government's forward-looking planning and design have ensured the strong resilience of China's economy and laid a solid foundation for new breakthroughs in China's economic and technological development. "This is an important institutional guarantee for the steady advancement of Chinese-style modernization," said Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米).
Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) said that working and living in China has allowed him to personally experience the gratifying development changes in various parts of China. "My biggest feeling is that China's development changes are highly related to people's well-being." Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) said that from the continuous improvement of the ecological environment to the accelerated expansion of the high-speed rail network, from the rapid development of new energy technologies to the continuous breakthroughs in the field of artificial intelligence, China, while promoting the development of cutting-edge technologies, always takes improving people's lives as the starting point and end result of the government's work. "This has important implications for global development."
Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) pointed out that for the vast number of developing countries, the important inspiration of Chinese-style modernization lies in basing itself on its own national conditions, adhering to long-term planning, systematic advancement, and coordinating industrial upgrading, technological innovation, green transformation, and improving people's livelihoods. In addition, Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) said that with the support of a super-large-scale market, China's new technologies, new products, and new models can form economies of scale more quickly, providing more affordable, scalable, and sustainable cooperation options for countries in the Global South. "China is not only a role model for developing countries, but also an important source of innovation for solving global development problems," said Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米).
This year marks the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Pakistan. Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) said that the friendship between Pakistan and China has withstood the test of international vicissitudes and has always maintained a stable development momentum. It is a vivid example of long-term friendly cooperation between countries. The two countries are jointly building an "upgraded version 2.0" of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (中巴经济走廊), continuously opening up new spaces for cooperation, and deepening cooperation in areas such as industrialization, agricultural modernization, green energy, and talent cultivation. Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) said that China's high-quality economic development and Pakistan's economic transformation needs are highly compatible, and he looks forward to both sides continuing their traditional friendship and continuously deepening and solidifying bilateral economic and trade cooperation.
"Youth are the inheritors of the traditional friendship between Pakistan and China, and also the vital force for future cooperation between the two countries." Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) said that from educational cooperation and scientific and technological exchanges to cultural exchanges and people-to-people exchanges, more and more Pakistani and Chinese youth are participating in it. The Embassy of Pakistan in China is actively inviting young Pakistani and Chinese friends to participate in a series of activities to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries, promote mutual understanding, deepen friendship, and grow together.
"Faced with the current international and regional situation, the all-weather strategic cooperative partnership between Pakistan and China has always been an important and positive factor for regional peace and stability." Khalil Hashmi (卡里尔·哈什米) said that the current international order and multilateral system are facing shocks. The more such moments, the more necessary it is to adhere to true multilateralism and safeguard the international system with the United Nations as the core and the international order based on international law. Both Pakistan and China are important members of the Global South and have broad consensus in promoting development cooperation, safeguarding common interests, and promoting regional peace and stability. Pakistan is willing to strengthen communication and coordination with China, issue more common voices in practicing true multilateralism, promoting the construction of a community with a shared future for mankind, and promoting solidarity and cooperation in the Global South, provide more stability and certainty for the region and the world, and promote the construction of a more just and reasonable global governance system.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Berlin on March 20th (Reporter Xu Xin (徐馨)): Geneva News: During the 61st session of the United Nations Human Rights Council, the China Association for International Friendly Contact (中国民间组织国际交流促进会), in collaboration with the Permanent Mission of China to Geneva (中国常驻日内瓦代表团), recently co-hosted a side event themed "Commemorating the 40th Anniversary of the Declaration on the Right to Development: Addressing Human Rights Challenges with Scientific Solutions." Nearly a hundred Chinese and foreign individuals gathered to deeply explore how non-governmental organizations can utilize digital technology to safeguard the right to development, play a role in addressing global challenges such as climate change, public health crises, and the digital divide, and promote the resolution of discrimination and inequality issues.
Representatives, heads of non-governmental organizations, and experts and scholars from more than 20 countries, including Australia, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Russia, Switzerland, and Vietnam, attended the conference. Participants also exchanged and shared ideas on topics such as promoting the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities through technology, emphasizing the right to development of people in war-torn areas, and enhancing cooperation among diverse stakeholders in the process of human rights protection.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 马跃峰 苏 滨
The understanding of a place is always deepened through "precision."
Bijie City (毕节市) in Guizhou (贵州) Province, once known for its "extreme hardship," is characterized by its overlapping peaks, thin soil over thick rock, and fragile ecology. In 1985, an internal report reflecting the poverty and food shortages in the local Haique Village (海雀村) alarmed Zhongnanhai (中南海). In 1988, the State Council (国务院) approved the establishment of the Bijie "Development-led Poverty Alleviation, Ecological Construction" Experimental Zone.
Over the decades, Bijie has been constantly tested on what kind of distinctive industries to develop.
"Apples, konjac, and edible fungi have all been planted," said Wen Junfu (文均福), the Party Branch Secretary of Haique Village (海雀村). In recent years, the village has developed an under-forest economy. "Last year, we planted 1,200 mu of *Gastrodia elata*. The *Gastrodia elata* is large and has a high content of gastrodin, with a yield of nearly 20,000 yuan per mu."
To revitalize the industry in a region, precision is key; to seek a path to rise, precision is essential.
The "Precise Work Method" is an important methodology of Xi Jinping (习近平)'s Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. In November 2013, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) first proposed the concept of "Precise Poverty Alleviation." In June 2015, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) held a symposium in Guizhou (贵州) with the main responsible comrades of the Party committees of some provinces and regions, emphasizing that the "success or failure of poverty alleviation lies in precision." "Precise policy implementation," "precise efforts," and "adapting to local conditions" – the "Precise Work Method" of the new era is applied in various fields of economic and social development, becoming an important perspective for decoding "China's Governance."
"One key opens one lock." Using the "golden key" of the "Precise Work Method" advocated by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), Bijie (毕节) has opened its mountain gates, catching up from behind. From poverty alleviation to promoting the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, it has been making continuous efforts and precise moves.
From an extremely poor area to a demonstration zone, Bijie (毕节) has become a typical example for observing the "Precise Work Method" in the consideration of far and near, fast and slow, large and small, and points and surfaces.
Considering "Far and Near," Accurately Guarding the Two Bottom Lines of Development and Ecology
The morning light is like washing, and the green mountains are like ink. Early in the morning, following Wang Guangde (王光德), a volunteer forest ranger, we explore small paths,穿密林, and start patrolling the mountains.
"You've been a forest ranger captain for 10 years, and you're still so energetic after retirement?"
"Without these ten thousand mu of pine forest, where would we get food?"
Step by step, climbing to the top of the mountain, looking around, dozens of mountain peaks surge with green waves, and the mind is opened.
Green waters and green mountains have turned into gold and silver mountains! 2,300 mu of *Pinus armandii* have been included in the national reserve forest, and the whole village has received more than 6 million yuan in subsidies; they obtained Guizhou's (贵州) second "Forestry Carbon Ticket," and the first carbon ticket transaction earned 144,100 yuan...
Going down the mountain, looking at old photos in the exhibition hall: the mountains are bare and the water is dry, with extensive planting and meager harvests; villagers live in *chacha* houses, with humans and animals living together. "The branches for building houses had to be carried from more than 20 kilometers away," Wang Guangde (王光德) frowned.
Planting everything that should be planted, precisely protecting the green. The whole village went up the mountain, planting pine forests extensively; strictly prohibiting indiscriminate logging, which was written into the village rules and regulations.
"The baton of the predecessors has been handed to me. I must not only protect the 'green bank,' but also strengthen the leading industry," Wen Junfu (文均福) said with full energy.
Inside and outside the mountain village, green pines are layered, and white walls are shadowed. The forest coverage rate of Haique Village (海雀村) remains above 77%; the per capita annual income of villagers has increased from 7,800 yuan in 2012 to 20,697 yuan in 2025.
People do not fail the green mountains, and the green mountains will certainly not fail the people.
In February 2021, during his inspection in Guizhou (贵州), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) emphasized that it is necessary to "guard the two bottom lines of development and ecology."
How to guard the "two bottom lines"? Adhere to dialectical thinking, promote the industrialization of ecology; establish bottom-line thinking, realize the ecologicalization of industry, and avoid "polluting first and then treating."
Along the Chishui River (赤水河), enter Jinsha County (金沙县). Among the rolling mountains, more than 200,000 mu of high-quality sorghum fields have become the raw material "confidence" of liquor companies.
"The 'troublesome things' brought by distiller's grains are also not few." Liu Jiarong (刘家荣), Deputy Director of the Management Committee of Jinsha Economic Development Zone (金沙经济开发区), calculated the accounts. In 2025, the county's large-scale liquor factories produced more than 19,000 tons of finished liquor, generating more than 50,000 tons of distiller's grains. "If not handled well, it will not only waste resources but also pollute the environment."
The measures are accurate, turning "trouble" into gold. Introducing Lude Bio-Environmental Technology (Jinsha) Co., Ltd. (路德生物环保技术（金沙）有限公司), through solid-state fermentation and other technologies, the distiller's grains are made into biological feed.
"Planting sorghum - brewing liquor - producing feed - raising pigs - manure returning to the fields, making up for the circular industrial chain, the 'troublesome things' have become 'comfortable things'," said Liu Jiarong (刘家荣).
A good ecological environment is Guizhou's (贵州) greatest development advantage and competitive advantage. To guard the "two bottom lines," the key is to have a red line awareness.
On the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (云贵高原), a "basin of clear water" is vast and rippling.
This is the national nature reserve - Weining Caohai (威宁草海), with a water area of 25 square kilometers, which is an important wintering ground for black-necked cranes and other rare birds.
"Last November, I took the first black-necked crane that came to Caohai (草海)," said Liu Guanghui (刘广惠), who is patrolling, with pride.
Liu Guanghui (刘广惠), 56 years old, has been guarding Caohai (草海) for 37 years, witnessing the ecological changes of the "plateau pearl."
In the 1960s and 1970s, driven by poverty, water was released to create fields, "demanding grain from Caohai (草海)," resulting in a sharp reduction in the water surface; the surrounding population increased, sewage was discharged directly, and the water became smelly, causing "birds to lose their paradise."
For pollution prevention and control, "precision" is the key. Caohai (草海) is located on a plateau, not connected to large rivers, relying entirely on rainwater replenishment, and has weak self-purification ability. In addition, it is open on all sides, increasing the difficulty of management and protection.
Li Zhenji (李振吉), Deputy Director of the Management Committee of Caohai National Nature Reserve (草海国家级自然保护区管理委员会), said that since 2015, the local area has returned cities to the lake and farmland to the lake, and has implemented six major projects successively, expanding the water surface and gradually clearing the water body.
"Dalmatian pelicans, Oriental white storks..." Liu Guanghui (刘广惠) sees more and more birds. The biological species of Caohai (草海) have increased from 1,954 in 2016 to more than 2,600 today.
"Systematic governance requires grasping the key." Li Zhenji (李振吉) said that the next step is to build upstream reservoirs to replenish water to Caohai (草海); increase the centralized collection rate of urban domestic sewage, and reduce pollution from the source.
Strolling between Caohai (草海) and the city, a forest belt covering an area of more than 5,000 mu has built a protective ecological barrier for the reserve, and has also opened up a leisure paradise.
"'Jump out of Caohai (草海) to develop tourism'." Li Zhenji (李振吉) said, "Holding the Huashan Festival in the park attracts bird watching tours. In addition, an eco-tourism plan has been formulated to launch timed and fixed-route tours, and develop natural observation, science education, and sports and leisure formats."
Grasping "Fast and Slow," Precisely and Profoundly Developing Modern and Distinctive High-Efficiency Industries
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Bijie (毕节) has taken big steps in developing industries and has seen quick results. However, in the past two years, industrial adjustments, transformation and upgrading, and development seem to have "slowed down."
How to view "fast and slow"?
In March 2025, during his inspection in Guizhou (贵州) and Yunnan (云南), General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) pointed out that "grasping things that others do not have" and "continuing to play the trump card well" profoundly revealed that a place seeking development must accurately grasp its positioning in the overall national development situation, give play to its advantages, and make long-term efforts.
In the valley of Xichong Community (西冲社区), Bihai Street (碧海街道), Qixingguan District (七星关区), patches of prickly pear trees are scattered high and low. Farmer Gan Wenyou (甘文友) happily calculated last year's income: more than 2,000 jin per mu, with an income of more than 5,000 yuan, several times more than planting corn!
Prickly pear, a wild fruit in the mountains of Guizhou (贵州), is known as the "King of Vitamin C." In 2013, Bijie (毕节) comprehensively considered natural conditions such as altitude and rainfall, and returned farmland to forests, planting prickly pear on a large scale. Today, the area of prickly pear in Guizhou (贵州) is 1.52 million mu, ranking first in the country; among them, Bijie (毕节) has 280,000 mu, accounting for nearly 1/5 of the province.
"Last year, the city produced more than 16,000 tons of fresh prickly pear, with an average price of 1.5 to 2 yuan per jin, which is lower than before." Long Shengjun (龙盛君), Deputy Director of the Bijie Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology (毕节市工业和信息化局), said that it is necessary to strengthen "order" production and turn ordinary agricultural products into high-quality industrial products and healthy consumer products.
In Xinyang Agricultural Technology Development Co., Ltd. (欣扬农业科技发展有限公司), prickly pear fruits are washed, crushed, and pressed into raw juice. In Bijie (毕节), there are a total of 8 prickly pear processing enterprises, with a total output of 6,994 tons last year and sales revenue of 252 million yuan.
Weak deep processing and difficult market sales restrict the strengthening of the industry. Guizhou (贵州) Province is making efforts at the provincial level to cultivate leading enterprises, create a prickly pear brand, and promote diversified marketing.
"Technological assistance can 'transform'." Xie Guofang (谢国芳), a professor at the Guizhou Prickly Pear Industry Research Institute (贵州省刺梨产业研究院), accurately advised: at the source, cultivate new varieties that "reduce astringency and have fewer thorns"; in research and development, study the efficacy of prickly pear and formulate differentiated product strategies; in processing, develop diversified products and use low-temperature sterilization technology to improve product quality.
"Slow in the middle of fast" wins in giving play to advantages and making rapid breakthroughs; "fast in the middle of slow" insists on quality and wins in connotation. Behind "fast and slow" is the deep integration of planning leadership, technological innovation, and industrial development.
92.5% of mountainous hills give Guizhou (贵州) abundant minerals. However, Bijie's (毕节) resource processing industry once faced "pain points": lack of planning, most enterprises "tinkering," and some mining rights even idle for a long time; incomplete industrial chain, the "raw ore mining - direct sales" model, resulting in the added value of raw ore products being only 1/8 to 1/5 of deep-processed products.
Only fine development of rich mines can avoid the drawbacks of extensive development. Only precise development can solve the dilemma of fast and slow.
With planning as the guide, Bijie (毕节) has deeply implemented "fine development of rich mines": developing three key industrial clusters: new comprehensive energy, new energy batteries and materials, and deep processing of resources; introducing Qingshan (青山), Huayou (华友), and Huafeng Group (华峰集团), jointly investing 73 billion yuan to build the Bijie (毕节) phosphorus-coal chemical integration project.
Technological support promotes industrial quality improvement. In the Qianxi Chemical (黔西化工) production workshop in Qianxi City (黔西市), there is no machine roaring and no pungent smell. In the central control room, the production site is clearly visible. Using aerospace pulverized coal furnace pressurized gasification technology, the company produces 300,000 tons of ethylene glycol and some by-products annually, becoming the largest coal-to-ethylene glycol base in Southwest China, with an annual output value of nearly 1.3 billion yuan.
Industrial innovation focuses on improving the level of science and technology, and technological innovation takes industrial application as the main battlefield.
In Qixingguan District (七星关区), a lamp is lit day and night in the Zhifu Optoelectronics Valley (致福光谷) photometry laboratory. Placed in a vertical distribution photometer, the spatial color distribution and average color characteristics of the light source can be measured.
In 2015, relying on the united front's "group-style assistance," the local area introduced optoelectronic lighting enterprises, established the Zhifu Optoelectronics Valley Industrial Park (致福光谷产业园), and built a collaborative innovation platform.
"Introducing first-class experts, jointly building graduate workstations with universities, aiming at industrial problems, and accelerating collaborative research," said He Qipeng (何启鹏), head of the Guangchuang Service Center (光创服务中心).
"Fast and slow" are all due to time and situation. Facing the "mountain road," do not hesitate in the valleys, do not be complacent at the top of the mountain, and do not be afraid of the winding mountain road. Make precise efforts, forge ahead, and you will reach the end.
Examining "Large and Small," Finely Solving Structural Employment Contradictions
Observing the overall situation from one region, there is "large and small" in employment.
Liyuan Street (利园街道) in Nayong County (纳雍县) is a relocation site for poverty alleviation. The biggest worry for more than 12,000 relocated people is employment.
Looking at the "small environment" in the county, the industry is concentrated in mining, and there are few jobs suitable for female workers. In 2014, Xu Juanjuan (徐娟娟), 26, and her husband said goodbye to their hometown and moved to factories outside the province. With two children, school, rent, food, and clothing all cost money, "plus the elderly are getting older, and I often want to go home."
One industry changed the fate of "Xu Juanjuans (徐娟娟们)."
In 2021, in order to solve the employment of relocated people, Nayong Economic Development Zone (纳雍经济开发区) built 72,000 square meters of standard factory buildings, initially planning the food processing industry.
However, looking at the overall national situation, textile and garment enterprises located in the eastern region frequently encountered recruitment problems and intended to transfer westward.
"Aiming at textiles and garments, adjust the direction of investment promotion!" Qiu Jiang (邱江), Deputy Director of the Party and Government Office of Nayong Economic Development Zone (纳雍经济开发区党政办公室), said that Nayong County (纳雍县), relying on the advantage of 594,400 laborers, successfully introduced Crystal Group (晶苑集团) to invest in building a factory, with a full production employment of 8,000 people, and 3,800 people already in post.
Xu Juanjuan (徐娟娟) became one of the first employees, earning more than 5,000 yuan per month. "From home to the factory, it's only a 20-minute walk. Breakfast and lunch are provided free of charge. Earning money and taking care of the family, both are not delayed."
"Bijie (毕节) has 6.051 million laborers. Connecting Bijie's (毕节) strengths with the needs of other provinces, and making up for Bijie's (毕节) shortcomings with the strengths of other provinces, striving to release the advantages of human resources, integrating into the unified national market, employment and industry complement each other," said Yang Lingzhi (杨凌志), member of the Standing Committee of the Bijie Municipal Party Committee and Executive Deputy Mayor. At present, 17 and more than 50 textile and garment enterprises have settled in Nayong Economic Development Zone (纳雍经开区) and Bijie High-tech Zone (毕节高新区) respectively. The industrial chain of spinning and weaving, garment manufacturing, and shoe and bag manufacturing is rapidly extending.
In July 2018, General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) made important instructions, requiring Guizhou Bijie (贵州毕节) to focus on promoting "human resource development."
Drawing a portrait of "Bijie (毕节) laborers" will result in the following: most are young people, but with low levels of education, with junior high school education accounting for 34.56%. Improving the quality of laborers is a precise move to solve the structural contradiction of "some people have no jobs" and "some jobs have no people."
In the training market, Bijie (毕节) has 6.17% of laborers with vocational skill qualification certificates, of which holders of primary certificates still account for 60%. They mainly participate in social training.
"The training time is short and the content is shallow, which can only be regarded as an introduction." Chen Dingshan (陈丁山) from Qingshan Village (青山村), Xiangshui Township (响水乡), Dafang County (大方县) signed up for electrician training and obtained a primary electrician certificate in 35 days. However, when he went to Guangdong (广东) to find a job, the monthly salary was unsatisfactory.
For rural low-income people, due to the lack of corresponding employment opportunities, they often end up doing nothing after participating in social training, and the training effect is discounted.
A useful method is to determine training based on positions and replace training with work. "It is necessary to solicit opinions, carry out targeted training, and understand employment needs, and accurately connect training and employment," said Pan Yu (潘宇), Director of the Bijie Municipal Employment Bureau (毕节市就业局).
1.93 million people work outside the city all year round, nearly 80% of whom are outside the province, which is another characteristic of Bijie's (毕节) development of human resources. Who will take care of the 167,000 left-behind children, and who will help if there is an emergency at home? Bijie (毕节) uses big data to build 25 labor cooperation stations and 28 "Mountain and Sea Heart-to-Heart Homes (山海心连之家)" service points in Zhejiang (浙江) and other places.
"The labor cooperation station is like a 'home,' providing chartered buses for the New Year and helping to solve difficulties." Qin Jiang (秦江) from Longxing Village (隆兴村), Qianxi City (黔西市), is the mother of 3 children and has been working in Ningbo (宁波) for a long time. "The children rely on their grandparents to take care of them, and I am always worried. Now that there are 'caring mothers' to care for them, I am no longer so anxious."
In March 2025, Longxing Village (隆兴村) established a 20-member "caring mother" team, with Zhao Xuemei (赵雪梅), the Party Branch Secretary of the village, as the captain. "There are 59 left-behind children in the village, and each child has a 'caring mother' paired with them. The village committee has built a children's home, so that children have a place to learn, have friends to play with, and have someone to accompany them," said Zhao Xuemei (赵雪梅).
Expanding and upgrading labor cooperation stations, job recommendations, and rights protection; recruiting 51,000 "caring mothers," covering all left-behind children; operating 30 elderly canteens, serving more than 300,000 people... Focusing on family matters, village affairs, personal matters, and government affairs, Bijie (毕节) continues to refine the "granularity" of services.
Balancing "Points and Surfaces," Carefully Understanding and Applying the "Precise Work Method"
"Precise" work is valuable in combining with reality and important in profound understanding, so that it can be trusted and used by cadres and the masses.
Chaoyang New City (朝阳新城), Wuligang Street (五里岗街道), Weining Yi, Hui, and Miao Autonomous County (威宁彝族回族苗族自治县), has 59 buildings and 15,900 residents, all of whom are relocated households for poverty alleviation. How to monitor and prevent returning to poverty?
"The community only has 9 cadres, and it is inevitable to have omissions due to limited manpower," said Zhou Zhongqiao (周忠巧), the Party Branch Secretary of the community. Fortunately, the province and city have built a big data platform to push information on low-income people every month, making grassroots work more targeted.
Knocking on the door of Zhang Yong (张勇), a household that has been lifted out of poverty, the 80-square-meter space is very warm. From a household lifted out of poverty to a monitored household, until the risk is eliminated, Zhang Yong (张勇) has experienced a lot.
In April 2024, Zhang Yong's (张勇) son suddenly had a high fever and was rushed to the hospital, spending more than 40,000 yuan in more than a month.
"Worried, anxious, and lost my job." Zhang Yong (张勇) returned home exhausted, sighing. Looking up, there was a "clear paper" on the declaration policy for poverty prevention monitoring objects posted at the door. Zhang Yong (张勇) was refreshed, scanned the QR code, and actively declared.
"Worried, anxious, and now jobless." Zhang Yong (张勇) returned home exhausted, sighing. Looking up, he saw the "easy-to-understand paper" on the declaration policy for monitoring objects to prevent returning to poverty posted on the door. Zhang Yong (张勇) perked up, scanned the QR code, and proactively declared.
Soon, the information reached the community. Cadres visited the household to calculate income and expenditure: From May 2023 to May 2024, the Zhang (张) family's income was 64,800 yuan, minus 14,777 yuan in fixed expenses, averaging to 7 people, the annual per capita income was 7,146 yuan, below the 8,000 yuan monitoring line. The community assessed, reported level by level, and Zhang Yong's (张勇) family was included in the monitoring object to prevent returning to poverty, in just 15 days.
"Medical assistance, civil affairs 'emergency assistance,' allowed us to enjoy multiple policies. Most importantly, the community introduced me to work at the edible mushroom factory, with a monthly salary of 4,000 yuan. From May 2024 to May 2025, the family income was 136,600 yuan, with one more person, the annual per capita income was 17,075 yuan." Zhang Yong (张勇) carefully calculated. In May 2025, the whole family eliminated the risk of returning to poverty.
Both "iron feet" and big data are needed. Farmers' self-declaration, cadres' door-to-door visits, and departmental data early warning make poverty prevention monitoring more precise. In 2025, Chaoyang New City (朝阳新城) received 82 pieces of information, and 37 households with 202 people were newly included in the monitoring; since 2019, 111 households with 608 people have been included in the monitoring.
"Precise" work strives for being practical and realistic, and keeping pace with the times.
This year, normalized precise assistance is implemented, how to assist low-income people?
"Monitoring households and low-income people are two types of groups, with different statistical calibers and some overlap, but in the end, most monitoring households belong to low-income people." Zhu Zheng (朱政), Deputy Director of the Bijie (毕节) Municipal Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, suggested that supporting policies should be issued as soon as possible to determine the income standards and identification procedures for preventing people from returning to poverty, and precisely secure the bottom line of people's livelihood.
In Hebian Village (河边村), Liuquhe Town (六曲河镇), Hezhang County (赫章县), villager Xiao Juxiang (肖举祥) was busy crushing potatoes and mixing feed in the cowshed. On the cement wall, he recorded with charcoal ash: In 2024, he sold 4 cows, deducting the cost of buying feed and repairing the cowshed, earning 10,890 yuan.
Xiao Juxiang (肖举祥) said that his family has more than 6 mu of land, planting corn and potatoes to feed the cattle, sharing the cost, plus subsidies, making it more profitable.
"Precise" work adheres to long-term planning, "seizing the opportunity and grasping it firmly."
In addition to the bottom-line assistance on the "point," it is also necessary to do a good job in the industrial development on the "surface," teaching people how to fish.
More than 400 people in Hebian Village (河边村) work outside, accounting for 18% of the registered population, while in other local villages, this proportion is mostly above 45%.
"In the past, we only developed planting and breeding industries, and more than 80% of the labor force went out." Rural revitalization is key, and Wang Xu (王旭), the secretary of the village party branch, is determined to keep people.
Under the intelligent glass shed of Tianpu Manor (天葡庄园), rows of peppers spread their green leaves, enjoying the sunshine. On the opposite slope, a row of 56 plastic greenhouses stretches into the distance. Relying on East-West cooperation, Wang Xu (王旭) led the village committee to plant grapes and peppers, and develop agricultural, cultural, and tourism industries. In 2025, grape sales exceeded 1.3 million yuan; 7 kinds of peppers were cultivated and promoted to more than 6,000 mu; more than 1,000 mu of vegetables were developed in the surrounding area, driving more than 2,000 people to be employed in the entire industrial chain.
Pig farms, stone processing plants, wheat planting bases... Hebain Village (河边村), which is close to the town, precisely cultivates multiple industries, and there are more and more opportunities for employment nearby, and the people's pockets are getting richer and richer.
The Party's innovative theory is the "nutrient" for transforming the subjective world and the "golden key" for transforming the objective world. The ideological methods and working methods taught by General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平), such as the "precise working method," once mastered by cadres and the masses, will create one miracle of high-quality development after another!
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 20th (北京). The book "A Reader's Guide to the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China," compiled by the National Development and Reform Commission (国家发展和改革委员会), has recently been published by People's Publishing House (人民出版社) and is being distributed in Xinhua bookstores (新华书店) nationwide. This book closely follows the chapter system of the "15th Five-Year Plan" (《纲要》), including 45 tutorial articles. It comprehensively elaborates on the strategic deployment of the "Plan" and provides thematic interpretations of the key content of the main chapters of the "Plan." It is an authoritative guide for the vast number of party members and cadres to solidly promote the implementation of the "Plan" and for all sectors of society to systematically and comprehensively understand the "Plan."
To facilitate readers' comparison and reading, this book also includes the full text of the "15th Five-Year Plan."
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 20th (Reporter Zhang Cong (张璁)): The 2025 Annual Report on the Construction of a Government under the Rule of Law, released by the Ministry of Justice (司法部) on March 20th, shows that in 2025, a total of 57,000 instances of outstanding problems in administrative law enforcement involving enterprises were investigated and corrected nationwide, recovering economic losses of 28.97 billion yuan for enterprises. The total amount of administrative inspections involving enterprises decreased by 33% year-on-year, the proportion of problems found increased by 18.5 percentage points, and the quality and efficiency of administrative law enforcement were comprehensively improved. In addition, the deployment and application of the National Administrative Law Enforcement Supervision Information System has been intensified, further opening up platforms and breaking down barriers. The national-level platform has gathered 457 million pieces of data from various regions, initially forming a national administrative law enforcement data resource database.
In 2025, administrative reconsideration agencies at all levels across the country handled a total of 1.115 million cases. The role of administrative reconsideration supervision in administering according to law continued to strengthen. Throughout the year, 72,000 illegal or inappropriate administrative actions were corrected through means such as revocation, modification, confirmation of illegality, and ordering performance, with a correction rate of 11.5%. Fully leveraging the role of safeguarding the rights and interests of enterprises, a total of 61,000 administrative reconsideration cases involving enterprises were handled throughout the year, with 55,000 cases concluded, and 6,431 illegal or inappropriate administrative actions infringing upon the legitimate rights and interests of enterprises were corrected.
In 2025, government legislation work continued to improve in quality and efficiency. The Ministry of Justice (司法部) drafted and reviewed 53 key legislative projects throughout the year. Focusing on the needs of promoting the transformation of government functions and optimizing the legal business environment, a package of amendments was made to 9 administrative regulations and 2 were abolished. A total of 2,508 regulations and rules were reviewed for the record, and 8 cases of record review of regulations and rules were released in the name of the Ministry of Justice (司法部) for the first time, effectively safeguarding the unity of the national rule of law.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Shijiazhuang (石家庄) dispatch on March 20th (Reporter Shi Ziqiang (史自强)) -- The Hebei Provincial Development and Reform Commission (河北省发展改革委) recently released the "Hebei Province 'Artificial Intelligence +' Typical Cases (2025) List," which shows that artificial intelligence technology is deeply integrated with Hebei Province's intelligent manufacturing, medicine and health, social governance, agriculture, and commercial and trade logistics, and innovative application scenarios are constantly expanding.
The 35 typical cases specifically include Zhang Police Officer Artificial Intelligence + Thinking Body, AI intelligent manufacturing to help enterprises achieve high-quality development, AI-based full-cycle online intelligent diagnosis of compound semiconductor materials, "Xiong Xiaonong (雄小农)" AI agricultural large model, and intelligent monitoring and supervision of natural resources in the air and on the ground.
As of now, Hebei Province has 13 large models registered through the Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办), and has developed 365 vertical large models in 26 fields such as steel and chemical industries. The province is currently promoting the implementation of the "Artificial Intelligence +" Action Plan, focusing on carrying out innovative scene applications in 15 industries such as steel, chemical, agriculture, education, and medicine and health, creating an artificial intelligence native application innovation ecosystem with Hebei characteristics, and promoting the integrated application of artificial intelligence with key industries and key sectors in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) region.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者
In accordance with the unified deployment of the Party Central Committee, various localities have deeply carried out study and education on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, quickly mobilizing and meticulously organizing, clarifying responsibilities and refining arrangements, and promoting learning, investigation, and rectification in an integrated manner, guiding the vast number of Party members and cadres to learn from the heart and work in a practical manner, and to start businesses and make achievements with a correct view of performance.
Overall Planning and Clear Tasks
Fuzhou (福州市), Fujian Province, deeply studied and implemented the important exposition of General Secretary Xi Jinping (习近平) on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, researched and issued a city-wide study and education work plan, and carefully deployed 15 specific tasks. Among them, it was clearly required to make full use of 21 on-site teaching points, such as the "Immediately Handle, Truly Grasp and Solidly Implement" Spirit Exhibition Hall, to promote learning, thinking, and understanding among Party members and cadres at all levels, and to establish a clear orientation of emphasizing responsibility, practical work, and actual results.
Nanjing (南京市), Jiangsu Province, deeply recognized the important significance of carrying out study and education, and refined the study and education tasks into 19 measures. In terms of theoretical arming, it clearly proposed to focus on thematic learning, exchange and discussion learning, inclusion in training learning, branch coverage learning, and typical case learning; in terms of problem investigation and rectification, it established a "three checks and three views" problem list review mechanism, that is, check the problem statement and see whether it is closely related to the main problem list of deviations in the view of performance, check the specific manifestations and see whether they are general and vague, and check the main content and see whether it finds the root cause from itself. "We will also rely on the 'Listening Language+' online integrated application platform to widely listen to opinions and suggestions from all parties. For the problems reflected by the masses, we will adopt the form of 'list system + responsibility system' to ensure that rectification does not go through the motions," said the relevant person in charge of the Nanjing (南京市) study and education work team.
Hanzhong (汉中市), Shaanxi Province, firmly grasped the general requirements of "ruling for the public, benefiting the people, making scientific decisions, and truly grasping and solidly implementing," refined and decomposed 13 key tasks in 5 aspects, and deployed five special actions, including problem project investigation and rectification, idle asset inventory and utilization, park and platform company efficiency improvement, real estate property field service management standardization, and illegal debt financing rectification, striving to see the truth and seek practical results in solving practical problems.
Haixi Mongolian and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (海西蒙古族藏族自治州), Qinghai Province, benchmarked the deployment requirements of the Party Central Committee, based on the actual local conditions, formulated a list of study and education tasks for the entire prefecture, clarified key measures such as true investigation and practical rectification, establishing rules and regulations, and open-door education, requiring in-depth investigation of existing problems in the view of performance, establishment of a problem list, and achieving simultaneous investigation and rectification, and immediate rectification, striving to ensure "solid" results with a "strict" style.
Enriching Forms and Deep Learning and Understanding
On the morning of March 20, at the Ancient County Government Integrity Education Base in Fuliang County (浮梁县), Jingdezhen City (景德镇市), Jiangxi Province, more than 50 students from the 23rd session of the Municipal Party School's Middle-Aged and Young Cadre Training Class participated in the on-site teaching of "The View of Performance in Couplets." Jingdezhen City (景德镇市) incorporated study and education into the teaching plan of various training courses of the Municipal Party School, comprehensively using various forms such as case teaching, warning education, and situational teaching to promote the internalization of the correct view of performance in the heart and its externalization in action. Currently, 3 training courses have been held, training more than 150 people.
Qionghai City (琼海市), Hainan Province, focused on county and department-level leading cadres, combined with different fields and positions, and conducted study and discussions around establishing and practicing a correct view of performance. At the same time, combined with the Hainan Free Trade Port Pioneer Action, a "Pioneer Lecturer Group" was formed to carry out thematic lectures on establishing and practicing a correct view of performance for Party members and cadres.
Guiyang City (贵阳市), Guizhou Province, focused on different industries and fields such as education, finance, non-public economic organizations, and social organizations, and accurately delivered learning; organized self-study through online platforms; gave play to the exemplary role of advanced models, and let people around them talk about things around them... Multiple measures were taken to make the learning content more refined, the forms more flexible, and the effects more practical.
"I have a deeper understanding that the real achievements lie in how many practical things have been done for the people." Recently, the report hall of the Yuanjiang City (沅江市) Party School in Yiyang City (益阳市), Hunan Province, was packed, and a trainee cadre exclaimed after listening to the lecture. Recently, Yiyang City (益阳市) established a study and education work team, and guided Party members and cadres to calibrate the coordinates of performance in deep learning and understanding through special reading classes, youth reading sharing sessions, and other forms.
Open-Door Education and Promoting Work Through Learning
"Every tourist season, cars are parked randomly, affecting villagers' travel." Not long ago, villagers from Da Ninth Village, Sangyuan Town, near the Wuqiao Acrobatics World (吴桥杂技大世界) in Cangzhou City (沧州市), Hebei Province, complained that the parking lot plan was unreasonable. After receiving feedback, the Wuqiao County (吴桥县) Urban Management Bureau promptly consulted and judged, and built temporary parking lots nearby. Cangzhou City (沧州市) adhered to open-door education, solicited opinions from the masses, accepted supervision from the masses, and promoted people-friendly and convenient services for parking and charging, and the construction and upgrading of people-friendly vegetable markets, deepening ideological understanding and testing the quality of performance in solving problems and doing practical things.
Since the launch of study and education, Hohhot City (呼和浩特市), Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, has adhered to making achievements for the people and making achievements through practical work, focusing on helping enterprises overcome difficulties, promoting city leaders to contract enterprises, department leaders to visit enterprises, and relevant persons in charge of banners, counties, and districts to work on-site, sorting out three types of matters: problems, responsibilities, and rectifications, and transforming the "demand list" of enterprises into a "performance list," guiding Party members and cadres to learn while doing and do while learning.
"In the past, registering a company had to run to several places, but now it can be done at one window." In Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture (大理白族自治州), Yunnan Province, Mr. Yang, a resident tourist, not only successfully completed the company registration process, but also learned about more preferential policies for entrepreneurship. Since the launch of study and education, Dali Prefecture (大理州) has required party and government leading cadres at all levels to go down to the grassroots level, think about what the masses think, and be anxious about what the masses are anxious about, and implement "the masses raise the questions, the cadres lead the questions, and solve the questions on the spot," so that the correct view of performance can take root at the grassroots level and benefit people's livelihoods through proactive work.
Some time ago, many residents of Nanfukang Community in Xingqing District (兴庆区), Yinchuan City (银川市), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, received their long-awaited property ownership certificates with the joint efforts of the municipal government and the district's housing and construction, judicial, taxation, and real estate registration center. Yinchuan City (银川市) insisted on taking the resolution of historical legacy issues as an important starting point for testing the effectiveness of study and education, formed a list of government service problems, and promoted the solution of urgent and difficult problems for the masses, such as "difficulty in obtaining certificates," through departmental coordination and linkage, and the establishment of a tolerance mechanism, so that the masses could feel and touch the effectiveness of study and education.
(Our reporters He Zhaoyu (何昭宇), Zhang Wen (张文), Yang Wenming (杨文明), Huang Xian (黄娴), Yang Xun (杨迅), Gao Bing (高炳), Shao Yuzi (邵玉姿), Bai Guangdi (白光迪), Zhou Huan (周欢), Shi Yu (施钰), Zhao Jingfeng (赵景锋), Dong Zeyang (董泽扬), Cao Jiwei (曹继炜))
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 寇江泽 史自强 刘新吾 王云娜
Building beautiful countryside, preserving the idyllic scenery of birdsong and floral fragrance for the people, is an important part of building a beautiful China. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the quality of the rural ecological environment in China has continued to improve, with more than 110,000 new administrative villages completing environmental整治, the treatment rate of rural domestic sewage reaching 55%, and 5,042 rural black and odorous water bodies with relatively large areas basically eliminated. A new era of rural landscape with green mountains and clear waters, blue skies and green lands, and harmonious villages is being drawn.
In January of this year, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment announced the first batch of Beautiful Village Pioneer Zone lists, including 23 counties (cities, districts) such as Xinglong County (兴隆县) in Chengde City (承德市), Hebei Province (河北省), Bishan District (璧山区) in Chongqing (重庆), and Longmen County (龙门县) in Huizhou City (惠州市), Guangdong Province (广东省). Where is the "pioneering" of the Beautiful Village Pioneer Zone? Why set up a Beautiful Village Pioneer Zone? How to promote the construction of beautiful villages with greater efforts? The reporter conducted an interview.
Categorized Establishment, Following the Laws of Nature and Development
In the depths of the Yanshan Mountains (燕山), in Taqian Village (塔前村), Wulingshan Town (雾灵山镇), Xinglong County (兴隆县), the newly renovated river channel has clear river water flowing through it. "In the early years, the entrance of the village was full of garbage, and the river channel was blocked and difficult to navigate," said villager Zhang Shuping (张淑平). "Now the garbage is gone, the river is clear, and the scenery is right outside the door."
Xinglong County (兴隆县) is an important water source area in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (京津冀) region. According to the classification of the Beautiful Village Pioneer Zone, it belongs to an agricultural county (city, district) that focuses on reflecting rural ecological functions. "It is our bounden duty to protect a clear river and a green mountain," said Wen Yan (温岩), Director of the Xinglong County (兴隆县) Branch of the Chengde City (承德市) Ecology and Environment Bureau.
The local area adheres to the "ecological county" strategy, promotes ecological revitalization and the construction of beautiful villages as a whole, and promotes the improvement of the rural living environment based on the actual situation of the mountainous area.
Wen Yan (温岩) introduced that, in response to the characteristics of high-altitude mountainous areas, the local area has innovated soil infiltration technology, deployed infiltration systems in vegetable gardens, orchards, and flower gardens to realize the resource utilization of grey water; and comprehensively implemented the "village collection, township transfer, and county treatment" garbage management mechanism, with full-time cleaners covering all villages.
In 2025, all 6 national surface water monitoring sections in Xinglong County (兴隆县) reached the standard, and the water quality of the Qiangzilu (墙子路) section flowing into Beijing (北京) reached Class I.
Relying on its good ecological environment, Xinglong County (兴隆县) has created "ecology +" formats such as cultural tourism, health preservation, science popularization, and research, and cultivated 38 key villages for rural tourism and more than 1,700 rural tourism operators. "In the past, we were poor guarding the mountains and rivers, but now we are getting rich from ecological tourism," said Zhou Haiyan (周海燕), a villager in Huashi Village (花市村), Qingsongling Town (青松岭镇), Xinglong County (兴隆县), who has opened a homestay. During the peak season, rooms are hard to come by. "The village is beautiful, and tourists don't want to leave when they come."
According to the "Implementation Plan for the Construction of Beautiful Villages," the connotation of beautiful villages is "clean and tidy villages, green and low-carbon agriculture, and a beautiful ecological environment." Zhao Shixin (赵世新), Director of the Soil and Ecological Environment Department of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, said that the first batch of Beautiful Village Pioneer Zones has deeply learned and applied the experience of the "Thousand Villages Demonstration, Ten Thousand Villages Renovation" project, promoted the construction of beautiful villages in the whole county, and at the same time, has characteristic experiences and practices suitable for learning and reference in various places in terms of ecological environment governance, green agricultural development, and the transformation of "green waters and green mountains" into "golden mountains and silver mountains."
"China's rural areas are numerous and widespread, and there are great differences in the development foundation, location conditions, and production and living habits in various places. Categorized establishment of Beautiful Village Pioneer Zones follows the laws of nature and development," said Zhao Shixin (赵世新). Considering from the aspects of spatial distribution, functional positioning, and governance model, the Beautiful Village Pioneer Zones are divided into three categories: ecological function type, focusing on "seeing mountains and seeing water," coordinating ecological protection and people's livelihood development; urban-rural integration development type, focusing on moving from "urban-rural dualism" to "common prosperity and common beauty"; and agricultural production type, focusing on green and low-carbon agriculture and consolidating the foundation for development.
Each is Beautiful in its Own Way, Exploring New Paths for In-depth Governance
In the Lotus Cave Courtyard of Jiangjun Village (将军村), Qitang Town (七塘镇), Bishan District (璧山区), Gan Xiaxue (甘遐学), the head of the handmade studio, turns the leather cutting knife to make adorable little pony pendants, attracting many tourists to stop and watch. "I used to work in a shoe factory in the town. How could I have imagined opening my own handmade studio," said Gan Xiaxue (甘遐学).
In the 1980s and 1990s, Qitang Town (七塘镇) was a well-known "shoe town" in Bishan (璧山). As time went by, environmental dirtiness and disorderly industry became obstacles to the town's development, and the local shoe industry gradually declined. "At that time, 'sewage relied on evaporation and garbage relied on wind,' and young people were running away," Gan Xiaxue (甘遐学) recalled.
The turning point occurred a few years ago when Bishan District (璧山区) promoted the construction of beautiful villages with the path of "ecological foundation, pollution control and quality improvement, and artistic revitalization." Zhao Xuanliang (赵选亮), Deputy Director of the Bishan District (璧山区) Ecology and Environment Bureau, introduced that on the basis of environmental整治, idle farmhouses and land were transformed into artist studios, rural homestays, and maker centers, and the countryside gradually rejuvenated.
Taking advantage of the east wind of agricultural, cultural, and tourism integration, Gan Xiaxue (甘遐学) not only transformed his home into a handmade studio, but also opened a homestay: "The little leather gadgets have become souvenirs that tourists are vying to buy, and this item alone can earn about 20,000 yuan a year." Today, the annual per capita disposable income of rural residents in Bishan District (璧山区) has reached 29,200 yuan, and the income gap between urban and rural residents is constantly narrowing. More and more villagers like Gan Xiaxue (甘遐学) are gaining something in the ecologically livable and beautiful countryside.
With the solid promotion of the construction of beautiful villages, the level of green agricultural development has been continuously improved. "The quality of the rural ecological environment in China has been continuously improved, and the pattern of beautiful village construction with each being beautiful in its own way and beauty shared by all has initially emerged," said Zhao Shixin (赵世新).
However, at the same time, nearly half of the rural domestic sewage has not been effectively treated and controlled, and environmental problems such as random dumping of domestic garbage occur from time to time. The agricultural and rural ecological environment still has a considerable gap compared with the people's expectations for a better life.
Zhao Shixin (赵世新) said that carrying out the construction of Beautiful Village Pioneer Zones is to explore ways for in-depth governance, prescribe prescriptions for other regions, and promote rural ecological revitalization and rural living environment整治 in a coordinated manner, so as to promote the construction of a beautiful China in the countryside.
Adapting to Local Conditions, Building a Livable, Workable, and Harmonious Countryside
Fragrant honey oranges bend the branches, teahouses and cafes are filled with laughter, and the folk houses are lush with vegetation... Chengxi Village (城西村), Longcheng Street (龙城街道), Longmen County (龙门县), is ecologically beautiful and prosperous in cultural tourism. "I didn't expect that Longmen County (龙门县) would hide such an exquisite village." Ms. Li (李女士), a tourist from Huizhou City (惠州市), picked a full basket of fragrant honey oranges and came to the village to taste coffee.
"Good ecology and beautiful environment are the foundation for us to develop rural tourism," said villager Chen Haiqiang (陈海强), who operates a rural complex in the village, planting longan, pomegranate, and other fruits. "We don't blindly pursue output, we insist on using only organic fertilizer, and reduce pollution from the source," said Chen Haiqiang (陈海强). "In the past, the longan in the village could only be sold for a few yuan per kilogram. Now, through ecological planting, the quality of longan has been improved and the price has increased significantly."
Under their leadership, many farmers have changed their traditional planting concepts and reduced the amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides used. The seasonal fruits such as fragrant honey oranges and passion fruit produced in the village taste more authentic, and more and more tourists come to pick them, and the villagers have tasted the real sweetness. In recent years, Longmen County (龙门县) has deeply cultivated characteristic agricultural products, innovated the mechanism of linking farmers and benefiting farmers, and promoted the "enterprise + cooperative + base + farmer" model, driving the development of characteristic agriculture and promoting the stable income increase of farmers through order sharing, equity dividends, and托管services.
"Building a beautiful countryside is the basic support for realizing the comprehensive revitalization of the countryside, and a good ecological environment is the greatest advantage and valuable wealth of the countryside," Zhao Shixin (赵世新) introduced that by 2027, China will focus on supporting about 100 counties to carry out the construction of Beautiful Village Pioneer Zones, and the proportion of beautiful villages built in the whole county will reach 40% in stages.
The construction of beautiful villages is a systematic, long-term, and complex project. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will work with relevant departments to adhere to adapting to local conditions and implementing policies according to different categories, establish a cross-departmental collaborative linkage platform, coordinate and integrate tasks such as rural living environment整治, infrastructure construction, and ecological protection and restoration within the county, systematically design and promote them in the whole region, and steadily promote the construction of beautiful villages with the perseverance of **久久为功** (jiǔ jiǔ wéi gōng - "achieve success through persistent effort," success comes from sustained effort over time), so that beautiful villages become a symbol of a modern and powerful country and the background color of a beautiful China.
Return to TopOn March 20th, Shanghai - On March 20th, at the China State Shipbuilding Corporation (中国船舶集团) Shanghai Waigaoqiao Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (上海外高桥造船有限公司) dock, the second domestically built large cruise ship "Adora Magic City" ("爱达·花城号") was successfully undocked and moved to the pier for the commissioning phase, taking another step towards the goal of sea trials in mid-year and delivery by the end of the year. This marks China's cruise industry moving from a "first breakthrough" to "batch construction and system formation."
The "Adora Magic City" ("爱达·花城号") has a total length of 341 meters, a width of 37.2 meters, and a gross tonnage of 141,900 tons. The entire ship is equipped with over a thousand systems, more than 20,000 sets of key equipment, and over 25 million parts. The total length of cable laid exceeds 4,700 kilometers, and the public area is nearly 40,000 square meters. Before undocking, key verifications such as the inclining experiment, lifeboat full-condition unhooking, and cruise test were successfully completed. The weight center of gravity is controllable, the safety system meets standards, and interior decoration, commissioning, and various pre-inspections are progressing ahead of schedule. The overall project progress has exceeded 94%.
Compared to the first domestically built large cruise ship "Adora Magic City" ("爱达·魔都号"), the construction efficiency of "Adora Magic City" ("爱达·花城号") has increased by 20% overall, taking only one year from docking to undocking. Digital technology runs through the entire shipbuilding process: digital tools break down barriers between design and production, and AR (augmented reality) assisted assembly improves accuracy; intelligent warehousing realizes full-process visualization of materials; artificial intelligence and cloud platforms are deeply integrated, and the new generation of shipbuilding cloud platform realizes efficient collaboration among multiple specialties. China's shipbuilding industry has achieved a qualitative leap in giant system engineering management and digital general assembly construction, and has initially built a self-controllable cruise ship construction capability matrix.
Since its commercial maiden voyage on New Year's Day 2024, the "Adora Magic City" ("爱达·魔都号") has been operating steadily, using Shanghai (上海) as its home port, deeply cultivating Northeast Asian routes, and planning to operate more than 80 voyages in 2026. It will also expand its Shenzhen (深圳) home port and deploy Southeast Asian voyages. Onboard Happy Mahua (开心麻花) sea theater, specialty dining, parent-child entertainment, and cultural experience projects and other new maritime cultural tourism scenes are very popular, with many family customers, silver-haired groups, and young tourists. As of now, the "Adora Magic City" ("爱达·魔都号") has served nearly 690,000 Chinese and foreign tourists, and holiday voyages are frequently fully booked, becoming a new choice for leisure and cross-border travel.
From "building a ship" to "building a system," the two domestically produced cruise ships are continuing to exert their strength, releasing a strong industrial cluster effect. The large cruise ship industry chain has a driving ratio of 1:14, radiating thousands of upstream and downstream enterprises in shipbuilding, home port operation, commercial and cultural tourism, and financial services, promoting the comprehensive localization of cruise ship bulk materials, and realizing domestic substitution of components such as balconies, dressings, and lifting entertainment systems. The self-controllable capability of the industrial chain continues to increase.
Beijing (北京), March 20th - Constructed over three years by the Second Navigation Engineering Bureau of China Communications Construction Company (中交二航局), the Wuhan Shuangliu Yangtze River Bridge (武汉双柳长江大桥) opened for trial operation on March 20th, reducing travel time from Xinzhou (新洲), Wuhan (武汉) to Huarong (华容), Ezhou (鄂州) from 90 minutes to about 5 minutes.
The Xin'gang Expressway (新港高速公路) Shuangliu Yangtze River Bridge and connecting line project is located in the eastern part of Wuhan (武汉), with a total length of 35.04 kilometers. As the core control project of the project, the Shuangliu Yangtze River Bridge (双柳长江大桥) has a main span of 1430 meters and a bridge deck width of 50.5 meters. The main line is constructed according to the expressway standard with a design speed of 120 kilometers per hour. It is the twelfth Yangtze River Bridge in Wuhan (武汉) and the widest steel box girder suspension bridge on the Yangtze River.
The project team implanted 3 distributed optical fiber intelligent cable strands into the main cable, which can not only monitor the construction progress in real time, but also realize online monitoring of the "health status" such as the internal temperature and humidity of the main cable. In order to cope with the problems of heavy humidity on the Yangtze River and easy corrosion of the main cable, the team pioneered the "internal and external double circulation" dehumidification system, which is like installing an exclusive "air conditioner" for the main cable, thereby delaying corrosion in the natural environment and greatly extending the service life of the main cable.
From design to construction, the entire process of the bridge relies on digital twin models, unmanned paving clusters for asphalt pavement, and other technologies. The bridge innovatively applies array optical fiber gratings and dense sensor networks, which have both structural health monitoring and vehicle traffic monitoring capabilities, just like equipping the bridge with a 24-hour online "health doctor."
The bridge faces the Yangtze River and backs onto the Zhangdu Lake (涨渡湖) ecological wetland, which is a well-known "Yangtze finless porpoise bay." During the construction process, the project team adopted measures such as silent noise reduction, staggered peak operations, and zero discharge of sewage, and established a linkage mechanism with the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院水生生物研究所) to establish a Yangtze finless porpoise protection team to ensure the normal activities and stable population of the Yangtze finless porpoise during construction. During the project construction period, the number of Yangtze finless porpoise populations in the construction area increased instead of decreasing, and the number of birds in the Zhangdu Lake (涨渡湖) ecological wetland also increased to more than 200 species.
The completion and opening of the Shuangliu Yangtze River Bridge (双柳长江大桥) not only opened up a key section of the Wuhan Metropolitan Area Ring Road (武汉都市圈环线), greatly facilitating the travel of people in Xinzhou (新洲), Wuhan (武汉), Huarong (华容), Ezhou (鄂州) and other places, but also connected important transportation hubs such as Yangluo Port (阳逻港) and Huahu Airport (花湖机场), effectively promoting the integration process of the Wuhan (武汉) urban circle and providing important support for the economic and social development of the areas along the route.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 20th (Reporter Yi Shuran (易舒冉)). The reporter learned from the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (中华全国总工会) that the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (中华全国总工会), the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security (人力资源社会保障部), the China Enterprise Confederation/China Entrepreneur Association (中国企业联合会/中国企业家协会), and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce (中华全国工商业联合会) jointly issued the "Guidelines for Labor Rules and Algorithm Consultation for Platform Enterprises (Trial Implementation)."
The guidelines aim to regulate labor rules and algorithm consultation conducted by platform enterprises and their labor cooperation enterprises, strengthen the protection of the rights and interests of new forms of employment laborers, promote the construction of harmonious and stable platform labor relations, and promote the sustained and healthy development of the platform economy.
The guidelines provide normative guidance on the generation of consultation representatives and consultation procedures. It clarifies the number limit, composition structure, quality requirements, generation methods, and procedures for consultation representatives, as well as reasonable subsidies for worker representatives during the consultation period. In terms of consultation procedures, it clarifies that consultations should be conducted in the form of meetings, and makes provisions for the selection of topics, consultation applications, response times, meeting procedures, the achievement of consultation results, and the coordination and handling of disputes during the consultation process.
In addition, the guidelines emphasize the implementation of agreements, clarifying requirements such as publicizing consultation results, establishing a regular communication and exchange mechanism, regularly providing feedback on the implementation of consultations, and requiring local federations of trade unions to supervise the implementation of agreements.
In 2025, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions (全国总工会) actively worked with relevant departments to vigorously promote positive progress in the consultation of platform enterprise algorithms and labor rules. 15 platform enterprises carried out algorithm and labor rule consultations and signed special agreements, covering more than 20 million new employment form laborers, effectively safeguarding the rights and interests of new employment form laborers, and promoting the standardized and healthy development of the platform economy.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Kunming (昆明) March 20th dispatch (Reporter Zhang Chi (张驰)) On March 20th, the online mass work conference hosted by People's Daily Online was held in Kunming (昆明), Yunnan Province (云南省). Relevant leaders from the Central Social Work Department (中央社会工作部), the Cyberspace Administration of China (中央网信办), the Work Committee of the Central and State Organs (中央和国家机关工委), and other central departments and mass organizations, as well as relevant leaders from local party and government organs and related institutions, and experts and scholars attended the meeting to jointly explore how to implement the general requirements of establishing and practicing a correct view of performance, follow the Party's mass line in the new era, better leverage the role of online mass work platforms, and gather the people's strength and wisdom to make a good start for the "15th Five-Year Plan."
Wang Ning (王宁), Secretary of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee (云南省委) and Director of the Standing Committee of the Yunnan Provincial People's Congress (云南省人大常委会), Xu Lijing (徐立京), Deputy Editor-in-Chief of People's Daily (人民日报社), and Wang Quanchun (王全春), Deputy Director of the Institute of Party History and Literature of the CPC Central Committee (中共中央党史和文献研究院), delivered speeches at the site. Zhao Yuexia (赵月霞), member of the Standing Committee of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee (云南省委) and Minister of the Organization Department of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee (省委组织部), Wang Zhengying (王正英), member of the Standing Committee of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee (云南省委) and Secretary-General of the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee (省委秘书长), and Xu Hao (徐浩), Vice Governor of the People's Government of Yunnan Province (云南省人民政府), attended the meeting. The "Data Analysis Report of 'Leaders' Message Board' of People's Daily Online during the '14th Five-Year Plan' Period" was released at the meeting. Representatives from the Department of Soil Ecological Environment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment (生态环境部土壤生态环境司), the General Office of the Henan Provincial Party Committee (河南省委办公厅), and the Beijing 12345 Citizen Service Hotline (北京市12345市民服务热线) vividly shared their thoughts and feelings on following the mass line through the internet. The meeting also launched a series of online mass work-themed activities, such as the 2026 case collection for the whole-process people's democracy case library (AI governance corpus), and released the "Yunnan Initiative" for following the online mass line in the new era.
Return to TopThis newspaper's Huaihua dispatch, March 20th (Reporters Wang Jue (王珏) and Yang Xun (杨迅)) Recently, the summary meeting of the Three-Year Action for Covered Bridge Protection was held in Tongdao Dong Autonomous County (通道侗族自治县), Huaihua City (怀化市), Hunan Province (湖南省).
The Three-Year Action for Covered Bridge Protection was jointly launched by the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部), the Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), and the National Cultural Heritage Administration (国家文物局) in 2023. After three years of effort, the national covered bridge resources have been fully identified, with a total of 2,193 covered bridge cultural relics, an increase of more than 61%. The level of covered bridge protection has been comprehensively improved, with 177 protection and restoration projects implemented, information and images retained for all 2,193 covered bridges, and detailed surveys completed for 767 bridges.
The coordinated protection of "cultural relics + intangible cultural heritage" has achieved practical results. The "Traditional Building Technology of Chinese Wooden Arch Bridges" was successfully transferred from the UNESCO "List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding" to the "Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity," effectively improving the protection and inheritance of covered bridge cultural heritage. The surrounding environment of covered bridges has been holistically protected, with 31 small thematic exhibitions set up, and 7 covered bridge cultural relic themed tourist routes, such as the "Covered Bridge Wonderland" in Fujian (闽) and Zhejiang (浙), launched. Nine local laws and regulations on covered bridge protection have been promulgated, and the protection mechanism with local villagers as the main body has been further strengthened.
The Three-Year Action for Covered Bridge Protection actively explored a systematic protection approach, achieving fruitful results in resource investigation, protection and restoration, intangible cultural heritage inheritance, display and utilization, and achieving significant results in overall coordination, precise investigation, systematic protection, and social participation.
Return to TopXinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 20th (Reporter Zhao Xu (赵旭)) The 167th event of the "Hundred Lectures on Core Socialist Values," co-sponsored by the Bureau of Publicity and Education of the Central Propaganda Department (中宣部) and Guangming Daily, was held on March 20th at Beijing No. 12 Middle School (北京市第十二中学). The theme of this event was "Promoting the Lei Feng Spirit and the Growth and Success of Youth." Jiang Qianlin (蒋乾麟), former President of Nanjing Political College (南京政治学院), delivered the lecture.
Jiang Qianlin (蒋乾麟) used vivid examples and moving stories to deeply interpret the rich connotation of the Lei Feng spirit, explained its inherent connection with the growth and success of young people, and answered questions about the confusion encountered in the study and life of young people.
Jiang Qianlin (蒋乾麟) said that the Lei Feng spirit is enduring and is an important part of cultivating and practicing core socialist values and promoting the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. The Lei Feng story has been passed down from generation to generation and is a vivid teaching material for carrying out ideal and belief education and ideological and political education. It is necessary to vigorously promote the Lei Feng spirit in the whole society, especially among young people, and educate and guide the majority of young people to always maintain high aspirations and vigorous spirit, temper their qualities and skills in learning and practice, and hone their will and character in service and dedication, so as to better contribute their youth to the construction of Chinese-style modernization.
This event was organized by the Beijing Municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department (北京市委宣传部) and Guangming Online, and co-organized by the Fengtai District Party Committee Propaganda Department (丰台区委宣传部) and the Fengtai District Party Committee Education Working Committee (丰台区委教育工委). Guangming Online and Guangming Daily client conducted a live broadcast of the event.
Return to TopThis newspaper reported from Beijing on March 20th (Reporter: Lu Fanbing (陆凡冰)) On the 20th, member units of the National Patriotic Health Campaign Committee (全国爱卫会) launched a group blood donation campaign themed "Pioneering Leadership, Rolling Up Sleeves for Love" at the Beijing Red Cross Blood Center (北京市红十字血液中心). The event included on-site visits and science popularization lectures focusing on blood donation science, blood preparation, blood testing, blood storage, clinical blood use, and rights protection, allowing cadres and employees to immerse themselves in the "journey of a bag of blood" and fully understand blood knowledge.
The blood donation activity received a positive response, with cadres and employees actively entering the blood donation center for on-site registration, health checks, and blood donation. Their actions conveyed love, dedication, and demonstrated the pioneering leadership and healthy spirit of cadres and employees, conveying a social ethos of selfless dedication and unity and friendship.
Taking this group blood donation activity as an opportunity, member units will carry out voluntary blood donation science lectures, organize voluntary blood donation activities, promote the formation of a normalized mechanism for group blood donation, give full play to the exemplary leading role of central and state organs, demonstrate the responsibility of taking the lead and setting an example, and create a good atmosphere for voluntary blood donation.
Return to TopBy: 欧阳明高
This year's "Government Work Report" proposed the establishment of a mechanism for increasing investment and sharing risks in future industries, and cultivating the development of future energy, quantum technology, bio-manufacturing, embodied intelligence, brain-computer interfaces, 6G and other future industries. In the "15th Five-Year Plan" outline, hydrogen energy and nuclear fusion energy are listed as future industries.
Why is the hydrogen energy industry regarded as a future industry? Why has green hydrogen become an emerging energy carrier? In this issue of "Academicians Talk Science," we invited Ouyang Minggao (欧阳明高), Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and Chairman of the International Hydrogen Energy Fuel Cell Association, to explain the hydrogen energy and related cutting-edge technologies around us.
——Editor
In the last energy revolution, oil was the main energy source, and gasoline and diesel were the main energy carriers. Currently, a new energy revolution is emerging, with renewable energy becoming the main energy source, and electricity and hydrogen becoming the main energy carriers, with green electricity as the main component. Green hydrogen mainly comes from green electricity and converts green electricity into zero-carbon fuels and raw materials for various industries, which is one of the key ways to achieve carbon neutrality.
What are the advantages of green hydrogen?
What is the significance of hydrogen energy today? In the new energy revolution with renewable energy as the main body, hydrogen energy and electric energy are two complementary and important energy carriers.
Future industries are driven by cutting-edge technologies and are forward-looking industries in the incubation or early industrialization stage, with significant strategic and leading significance. Hydrogen can provide our production and life with electricity, heat (cooling) and raw materials, while the green hydrogen industry chain is long, has high output value, strong employment absorption capacity, and wide application coverage, which can play a greater role in driving industrial development. In addition, green hydrogen can not only meet sustainable development requirements, but also is an ideal energy interconnection medium, and is one of the best ways to promote the transformation of energy to low-carbon and environmental protection, so it has an important strategic position.
What are the advantages of green hydrogen? If hydrogen production is based on fossil energy, the chain from hydrogen energy to terminal utilization is long, inefficient, costly, and has carbon dioxide emission problems. However, green hydrogen produced based on renewable energy does not have emission problems. In the storage link, the cost of fixed hydrogen storage containers is more than an order of magnitude lower than the cost of energy storage batteries. With the popularization of renewable energy and the substantial reduction in power generation costs, the cost of large-scale, long-cycle renewable energy storage will become the main cost. Therefore, converting it into hydrogen energy is an important way for centralized renewable energy to achieve large-scale development and full utilization.
How widespread are hydrogen energy applications around us?
In the construction of a zero-carbon energy system, hydrogen energy can be used for hydrogen energy storage, hydrogen raw materials and hydrogen power. Hydrogen energy storage uses water electrolysis devices to store renewable energy electricity as green hydrogen, and provides green electricity for urban production and life through fuel cells and other power generation devices. Hydrogen raw materials are used in the chemical and metallurgical industries, such as in the chemical industry, where hydrogen is mainly used in the synthesis of ammonia and methanol. Hydrogen power applies hydrogen to power systems, among which hydrogen fuel cells are developing rapidly and have expanded from road vehicles to construction machinery, small ships, aircraft, submersibles and other fields. In recent years, hydrogen internal combustion engines have also made many advances.
Hydrogen power can be used to meet the power needs of road transportation, aviation and shipping, in specific forms including hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen/ammonia internal combustion power, etc. Hydrogen fuel cells are one of the main forms of hydrogen power currently. It is an energy conversion device that can continuously convert external fuel into electrical energy output through electrochemical reactions.
Through continuous technological investment, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have become the pioneer of hydrogen energy application in China, and have opened up the entire technology chain from the power system, engine, stack to the membrane electrode from top to bottom. At present, we have initially mastered the core technologies of hydrogen fuel cells and their key components, power systems, vehicle integration and hydrogen energy infrastructure, and have established a related industrial chain. Hydrogen fuel cell technology has also been promoted and applied to more fields, such as trams and drones.
What breakthroughs have been made in hydrogen energy technology?
The hydrogen energy technology chain is very long, including renewable energy power generation, hydrogen production, conversion, storage, transportation, application and other links, requiring a complex and complete technical system. Let us first return to the source of the green hydrogen industry chain - the node of electrolytic water hydrogen production. Since hydrogen fuel cells and electrolytic water hydrogen production have the same scientific basis in terms of system composition and basic principles, we can better promote the development of the electrolytic water hydrogen production industry on the basis of the hydrogen fuel cell industry. By 2025, China has established an electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment industry chain, and domestic alkaline electrolyzers have extremely high cost performance and have been exported overseas. Looking to the future, alkaline electrolysis, proton exchange membrane electrolysis, solid oxide electrolysis and other electrolytic water hydrogen production technologies will bring vitality to technological innovation in the hydrogen energy field.
In the new zero-carbon energy system based on hydrogen-electricity mutual conversion, green electricity from renewable energy is the main body, but green hydrogen is also essential. On the one hand, human survival and development also require a large number of material materials and fuels, and the combination of green hydrogen and carbon can meet these needs through carbon cycle; on the other hand, the combination of green hydrogen and nitrogen can also meet human needs for new zero-carbon fuels other than hydrogen energy through nitrogen cycle.
How to develop green hydrogen on a large scale commercially?
Green hydrogen energy has strategic value in energy transition and new energy revolution, which has spawned "hydrogen energy fever". At the same time, we also need to think coldly. It is not easy for green hydrogen energy to achieve large-scale commercial value. Since the "production-transportation-storage-utilization" chain of green hydrogen energy is long and has many links, and there are many choices in each link, the breakthrough of fuel cell and hydrogen production technology alone cannot open up the entire hydrogen energy technology chain and industrial chain. How to achieve large-scale commercialization of green hydrogen is the "next step" after technological breakthroughs.
On the one hand, hydrogen can be produced from surplus electricity. Simply put, electricity is the direct utilization form of renewable energy, while hydrogen energy is the indirect utilization form, so hydrogen is the ultimate fuel but not the ultimate energy. Green hydrogen comes from green electricity. With the large-scale development of wind power and photovoltaics, electricity may be surplus, so the potential for hydrogen production from surplus electricity is very large.
On the other hand, multi-energy complementarity can also be adopted. Electricity and hydrogen have their own advantages and limitations. In order to realize the economy of green hydrogen utilization, hydrogen-electricity integration development is needed. Hydrogen-electricity integration development not only includes hydrogen and electricity, but also needs to integrate storage and heat, and implement "light-storage-hydrogen-electricity-heat" integration.
In addition, it can also be driven by local conditions and scenarios. There are many hydrogen storage technologies, and there is no standard answer. It is necessary to make reasonable choices according to specific scenarios. For example, when photovoltaic and wind power are surplus, coal-fired power plants also need to reduce their load. The difficulty of flexible regulation of low-load coal-fired power is the unstable combustion of the boiler, and high-quality hydrogen fuel just meets this need. If there is a coal chemical base nearby, hydrogen can be used as a raw material to synthesize various chemical products with the carbon source provided by coal. The nearby zero-carbon industrial park can also use hydrogen power generation as a backup unit, and at the same time use the waste heat from hydrogen production and hydrogen power generation to provide heating through heat pumps, which improves the economy of hydrogen energy application.
(The author is an Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) and Chairman of the International Hydrogen Energy Fuel Cell Association)
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Gas turbines are replaced with "hydrogen hearts"
China's independently developed 30-megawatt pure hydrogen gas turbine and hydrogen energy storage demonstration project recently made a breakthrough - the unit achieved pure hydrogen power generation and maintained stable operation. The project integrates wind power, photovoltaic, and electrolytic water hydrogen production systems to construct an energy conversion model of "green electricity to green hydrogen, green hydrogen to power generation."
A pure hydrogen gas turbine can be understood as replacing the traditional gas turbine with a "hydrogen heart," which has the advantages of fast start and stop and response, a wide adjustment time scale, and a wide adjustment power range. Compared with a thermal power generator set of the same power, the pure hydrogen gas turbine can reduce carbon emissions by more than 200,000 tons per year, and the combined cycle generates 48,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per hour, which can meet the electricity needs of about 5,500 households for one day. In the future, pure hydrogen gas turbine technology is expected to be applied in distributed energy, comprehensive energy supply in industrial parks, and backup power sources for green data centers.
(Our reporter Ding Yiting (丁怡婷))
There is a magical battery in Antarctica that can resist freezing
At China's Antarctic Qinling Station (南极秦岭站), there is a magical battery that can resist severe cold - the "Hydrogengine" fuel cell developed by State Power Investment Corporation Guohong Technology (国家电投国氢科技). This battery is an important member of the station's new energy microgrid.
In the operation of the microgrid, when wind and solar power generation conditions are good, the excess electricity can be used to produce hydrogen, and energy storage can be achieved by storing hydrogen; when wind and solar power generation conditions are not good, hydrogen is converted into electricity and heat through hydrogen fuel cells, which can provide about 2.5 hours and a maximum of 150 kilowatts of power to the station area.
Compared with traditional fossil fuel power generation, the "Hydrogengine" fuel cell can save 400 grams of standard coal and reduce about 1 kilogram of carbon dioxide emissions for every 1 kilowatt-hour of electricity generated. What's even cooler is that it can be flexibly combined and modularly expanded like building blocks, and the power can be expanded from 50 kilowatts to tens of megawatts. It is also particularly durable, with a design life of up to 40,000 hours. The stable operation of hydrogen fuel cells at the Antarctic Qinling Station (南极秦岭站) proves that it is reliable even at extremely low temperatures.
Next, the "Hydrogengine" fuel cell will also enter more places: providing energy for communities and industrial parks, becoming emergency power sources for power plants, data centers, and hospitals. This magical battery will help reduce carbon emissions in more and more scenarios, making our energy use cleaner and more efficient.
(Our reporter Li Rui (李蕊))
Return to TopBy: 陈 哲
In exploring the course of life's evolution, people often focus on the somatic fossils that preserve the bodies of organisms. There is also a class of precious trace fossils that preserve not the organisms themselves, but the traces of life activities left by organisms on or within sediments during geological history, such as footprints, crawling traces, burrows, and boreholes. Trace fossils record the "behavioral archives" of ancient life, providing clues for us to unravel the evolutionary mysteries of life on Earth.
The ancestors of extant animals can mostly be traced back to the Cambrian explosion of life, which occurred approximately 539 million years ago. During the Ediacaran period, from about 635 million to 539 million years ago, some early Phanerozoic organisms may have quietly emerged. They were small in size and soft-bodied, making it difficult to preserve them as somatic fossils. However, the behavioral traces left by these soft-bodied creatures as they moved and foraged on the seabed may have been "sealed" in sediments under suitable conditions and preserved to this day.
The Shiban滩 Biota (石板滩生物群) in the Three Gorges (三峡) area of Hubei (湖北) Province preserves a "life log" recording life activities in the late Ediacaran period (about 550 million years ago).
In 2018, an international team led by the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology (中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院) discovered the "earliest footprints on Earth" in the Ediacaran strata of the Three Gorges (三峡). This indicates that before the Cambrian explosion of life, animals with appendages had already taken the "first step" in exploring the ancient ocean.
In 2019, the team also discovered the body fossils and crawling traces of the ancient animal *Yiling虫* (夷陵虫) in the Ediacaran strata of the Three Gorges (三峡). This discovery is conclusive evidence that *Yiling虫* (夷陵虫) belongs to animals and pushes the appearance of this type of complex animal with motility capabilities forward by about 10 million years.
The latest research also discovered the "underground apartments" of ancient animals—a series of complex three-dimensional burrows, including *Sawtooth trace* (锯形迹), *Polyserial trace* (多山迹), etc. They are three-dimensional projects developed by ancient animals in the seabed sediments through methods such as "drilling, prying, digging, and dwelling" to explore the depths of the underground. These trace fossils are among the oldest complex three-dimensional animal burrow fossils currently known.
These "underground apartments" present various "floor plans": some are "zigzag" or stepped, and some are "duplex apartments" containing multiple functional structures such as "front halls," "passages," and "dining rooms."
This discovery subverts our understanding of the capabilities of ancient animals. Previously, the academic community generally believed that most Ediacaran organisms only left simple crawling traces or shallow horizontal burrows on the seabed surface, and that organisms gradually developed the ability to vertically or obliquely excavate sediments until the Cambrian period. These carefully constructed underground tunnel networks indicate that animals at that time already possessed a fairly complex nervous system and muscle coordination ability, enabling them to systematically explore, forage, and inhabit.
Ancient animals could burrow, which led to a far-reaching transformation in the Earth's ecological history: these ancient "engineers" broke the original microbial mat base on the seabed through continuous excavation behavior, transforming the solid "mat-bottom world" into a loose "mixed-bottom world," changing the circulation and distribution of oxygen and nutrients. This transformation built a new ecological stage for the "collective debut" of a large number of organisms in the later Cambrian period.
(The author is a researcher at the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology (中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院), compiled by Yao Xueqing (姚雪青), a reporter from this newspaper)
Return to TopAccording to Xinhua News Agency, Beijing (北京) (Reporter Wang Youling (王优玲)) - China National Building Material Group (中国建材集团) recently released the SYT80 (T1200 grade) ultra-high-strength carbon fiber, independently developed in China, in Beijing (北京). This research and development achievement marks a major leap in China's ultra-high-strength carbon fiber production field.
The SYT80 ultra-high-strength carbon fiber released this time has an engineering tensile strength exceeding 8000 MPa and is the world's first mass-produced T1200 grade carbon fiber product, reaching the world's top level in the industry.
The SYT80 ultra-high-strength carbon fiber was independently developed by Sinoma Science & Technology (中复神鹰), a subsidiary of China National Building Material Group (中国建材集团), achieving mass production and preparation of T1200 grade carbon fiber. The tensile strength of SYT80 ultra-high-strength carbon fiber is 10 times that of ordinary steel, and its density is only 1/4 of that of steel, and can be widely used in high-speed rail, commercial aerospace, new energy and other fields.
Return to TopOur Hangzhou (杭州) dispatch (Reporter Dou Hanyang (窦瀚洋)): Professor Yu Xiaofang's (于晓方) team at Zhejiang University (浙江大学) recently achieved an academic breakthrough in restricting the cross-species transmission of avian influenza viruses, revealing a key defense pathway in the human innate immune system. This research advances the prevention and control of viral infections and cross-species transmission, and also provides new tools for research on tumor immunity and autoimmune disease-related mechanisms.
The research team found that cGAS-STING can be activated during influenza virus infection and inhibit virus replication through the NF-κB signaling pathway, forming an innate immune barrier for humans to resist influenza viruses. The NF-κB signaling pathway can regulate the production of a new class of antiviral molecules (NSGs), among which "GADD34" is a key "guardian." It is abundant in the human respiratory system and can directly inhibit the genomic replication of influenza viruses.
Why can avian influenza viruses occasionally transmit to humans across species? The research team concluded that the M1 protein of the virus is key. The M1 protein of human influenza viruses can counteract the above-mentioned antiviral pathway in the human body, while the M1 protein of avian influenza viruses does not have this ability. However, when a specific mutation occurs at the 115th amino acid of the avian influenza virus M1 protein, its ability to counteract the human immune barrier will be greatly enhanced, so it can replicate in human cells and achieve cross-species transmission.
Return to TopOur newspaper's Beijing (北京) dispatch (Reporter Ding Yiting (丁怡婷)) China's first independently designed and built integrated large-scale fracturing engineering vessel, "Offshore Oil 696" (海洋石油696), was officially delivered in Zhoushan (舟山), Zhejiang (浙江) Province recently, filling the gap in China's offshore oil and gas fracturing production enhancement technology and engineering equipment.
The "Offshore Oil 696" is 99.8 meters long and 22 meters wide, with a deck area equivalent to 3.5 basketball courts, ranking first in size among similar vessels in the world. The vessel is equipped with a complete set of fracturing equipment and can perform large-scale offshore fracturing operations with high displacement and high power. With its highly integrated and intelligent advantages, its overall performance has reached the leading level of similar vessels in the world.
The relevant person in charge of the Engineering and Technical Operation Center of CNOOC (中国海油) Tianjin (天津) Company introduced that the "Offshore Oil 696" has strong continuous operation capability and material reserve capability. It can pump 12 cubic meters of mortar per minute, which is equivalent to filling a household bathtub in two seconds. The operation efficiency is increased by nearly 40%, making the previously difficult-to-use oil and gas resources a "new position" that can be efficiently developed, which will strongly promote the development process of China's offshore low-permeability oil and gas resources. After the delivery of this fracturing vessel, it will go to the Bohai Sea (渤海) and other sea areas to carry out offshore oil and gas fracturing production enhancement operations.
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 王 洲
Slow movement, muscle stiffness, unsteady gait, accompanied by sleep problems, memory loss, and emotional issues... Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease.
For a long time, drug therapy and brain stimulation therapy have been the main means of treating the disease, but both have limitations: long-term drug therapy is prone to drug resistance. After 5 to 10 years of drug therapy, the incidence of motor complication-related risks is as high as 57% to 90%; brain stimulation therapy requires the implantation of electrodes in the brain, with high risks and costs. Even non-invasive brain stimulation therapy has shortcomings such as unclear targets and unstable efficacy.
Recently, the latest research results from Changping Laboratory (昌平实验室) in Beijing (北京) have provided new evidence and new methods for the clinical treatment of Parkinson's disease.
At Changping Laboratory (昌平实验室), a 7T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device is scanning the head of a volunteer. On the screen next to it, as brain activity changes, the volunteer's blood oxygen, pulse, and other data are displayed in real time. "The device uses high-field MRI technology for functional imaging, combined with physiological signal detection, to accurately identify different functional areas of the brain," said Ren Jianxun (任建勋), a participant in the project. By analyzing over 800 clinical imaging data, the team found that the somato-cognitive network of Parkinson's disease patients has abnormally enhanced connections with key brain regions such as the basal ganglia and thalamus.
"'Abnormal strong connections' are an important mechanism that causes dysregulation of the patient's somato-cognitive loop, leading to motor symptoms, motor initiation and coordination disorders, and physiological and autonomic nerve dysfunction," said Liu Hesheng (刘河生), a professor at Changping Laboratory (昌平实验室). This conclusion was further confirmed in subsequent experiments. It is currently known that effective treatments for Parkinson's disease have in common the improvement of this loop abnormality.
"The clinical significance of this finding is that it identifies targets for non-invasive brain stimulation therapy, making treatment more precise and effective," said Liu Hesheng (刘河生). Not long ago, related research results led by him and his team, with the participation of more than 10 scientific research and clinical institutions such as Peking University (北京大学), Tsinghua University (清华大学), and Henan Provincial People's Hospital (河南省人民医院), were published in the international academic journal *Nature*, achieving a major breakthrough in China (中国)'s treatment of Parkinson's disease.
The research team relies on independently developed individual brain function profiling technology to "tailor-make" brain neural circuit maps with millimeter-level precision for each patient, providing precise positioning for targeted therapy.
In the "Neurodegenerative Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Exhibition Area" of Changping Laboratory (昌平实验室), a precision brain circuit stimulation system comes into view. "The system backend receives MRI image data, the camera performs head spatial positioning, and the two are 'fitted' through the loaded algorithm, and then the target is precisely positioned, which greatly improves the targeting and precision of the treatment," said Ren Jianxun (任建勋).
"The integrated platform of industry, academia, and research brings together clinical hospitals, scientific research forces, engineering manufacturing, and other units, so that research has samples and results can be transformed," said Liu Hesheng (刘河生). At present, the equipment has been approved for the National Medical Device Registration Certificate and has been put into clinical treatment in many medical institutions. "I hope this technology can change the treatment model of Parkinson's disease and benefit more patients in the future," said Xie Xiaoliang (谢晓亮), director of Changping Laboratory (昌平实验室).
Return to TopThis newspaper reports from Nanchang (南昌) (Reporter Yang Yanfei (杨颜菲)) A joint research team composed of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所), the Vertebrate Evolution Research Center of the School of Life Sciences of Yunnan University (云南大学生命科学学院脊椎动物演化研究中心), and foreign universities, recently discovered a new genus and species of large omnivorous macroodont lizards, Fang's Heterodontosaurus, dating back to the Late Cretaceous period more than 70 million years ago in the Ganzhou Basin (赣州盆地), Jiangxi (江西).
Researchers found that Fang's Heterodontosaurus has unique heterodont dentition characteristics: the front teeth are small, sharp, and conical, suitable for grabbing prey; the crown of the posterior teeth significantly expands at the mesial, distal, and lingual ends, forming cusps on the crown surface. The cusps are connected by ridges, forming depressions between the ridges. These teeth can shear and grind food, leading to the inference that Fang's Heterodontosaurus could process both plant and animal food.
This complex tooth feature is the first discovery of its kind in Asian macroodont lizards. This not only fills the gap in the omnivorous ecological niche of Asian macroodont lizards but also provides important empirical evidence for studying biodiversity and ecosystem evolution at the end of the Cretaceous period.
Return to TopLayout Design: Zhang Danfeng (张丹峰)
Academic Support: China Association for Science and Technology (中国科学技术协会)
By: 本报记者 窦 皓 王 丹 宋豪新
The old stage with its green bricks and black tiles was once a bustling cultural landmark in the countryside. During festivals, the sounds of gongs and drums would rise, with performances of singing, recitation, acting, and acrobatics on the stage, and crowds of people gathered below. The old stage carried the laughter and local memories of the villagers. With the changes of the times, many old stages were once deserted, even fading from view.
In recent years, with the support of policies, various places have continuously innovated forms and explored functions, revitalizing the old stages. From "people's grand stage" for cultural inheritance to "grassroots base" for policy publicity, and then to "living classroom" for cultural and tourism integration, the revitalized ancient stages have become vivid footnotes to the solid advancement of spiritual civilization construction in the countryside.
-- Editor
Preserving Cultural Heritage
From "A Stage" to "People's Stage"
On weekends, Chongren Ancient Town in Shengzhou (嵊州), Shaoxing (绍兴), Zhejiang (浙江) Province, becomes lively again. Shengzhou (嵊州), where the ancient town is located, is known as the "Hometown of Yue Opera (越剧)." Strolling through the cobblestone alleys, the long and melodious singing drifts from the Yushan Ancestral Hall (玉山公祠) stage in the distance.
"Excitedly ordered to deliver flowers, not caring about the scorching heat of the sun..." Through the stone pillars, following the sound, a Yue Opera (越剧) performance is underway—Li Xinjuan (李鑫娟), a 62-year-old villager, transforms into a Yue Opera (越剧) actress, singing a famous excerpt from the Yue Opera (越剧) "Sending Flowers to the Building."
The stage has double-layered verandas on both the north and south sides, and villagers from the surrounding area and Yue Opera (越剧) enthusiasts from Shanghai (上海), Hangzhou (杭州), and other places also join in the chorus, following the rhythm. As the leader of the village's "Opera Fans' Corner" folk band, Qiu Yulin (裘愉林), a 75-year-old villager, plays the erhu (二胡) to accompany the performance.
Shengzhou (嵊州) has more than 200 ancient stages. The stage in Yushan Ancestral Hall (玉山公祠) was once the most lively place in the vicinity. Budding Yue Opera (越剧) actors would take the stage here to showcase their voices, and the small square in front of the stage and the stands on both sides were always packed with people. However, at the end of the last century, many ancient stages gradually fell silent, no longer with their former glory.
In order to preserve the nostalgia, the local government allocated special funds to repair the roofs, reinforce the pillars, and renovate the interiors of the ancient stages, and assigned dedicated personnel to manage them, opening them to the public for free. The ancient stages have not only been "revived" but have also become "people's grand stages" in the ancient town.
Hardware repair is the foundation, and living inheritance is the key. Starting in 2023, the local government began to hold the "Shengzhou Village Yue Opera (嵊州村越)" competition, allowing Yue Opera (越剧) enthusiasts from all over the country to see the ancient stages through live broadcasts of the competition, and attracting them to visit the site in person to experience the charm of Yue Opera (越剧).
"The atmosphere of the ancient stage is just different. Listening to the familiar singing, I always want to try it myself." Qiu Lian (裘莲), 37, is a new opera fan in Chongren Ancient Town (崇仁古镇). In the past two years, she has often gone to the ancient stage to listen to operas, and she also shoots some excerpts into videos and continues to learn at home.
Every weekend and holiday, Chongren Ancient Town (崇仁古镇) organizes Yue Opera (越剧) performances on the ancient stage. In addition to excerpt performances, it also encourages "grassroots" Yue Opera (越剧) enthusiasts to take the stage and showcase their voices. Today, this form of performance has covered 236 administrative villages in Shengzhou (嵊州). Whenever the gongs and drums sound, the ancient stage is surrounded by crowds, and some villagers who arrive late have to stand on benches or climb on low walls to watch.
"Letting 'grassroots' take the stage and holding competitions on the ancient stage, the Yue Opera (越剧) atmosphere far exceeded expectations." Xing Shuohan (邢朔涵), an opera fan who often rushes to watch operas, said that such activities have revitalized the ancient stages and truly brought Yue Opera (越剧) into everyone's lives.
Today, the local government not only offers public welfare courses with Yue Opera (越剧) characteristics in the ancient stages of the countryside, but also invites professional Yue Opera (越剧) actors to provide free lessons to opera fans. Many rural opera fans have also purchased equipment and spontaneously formed troupes. Data shows that there are currently 117 private Yue Opera (越剧) troupes registered in Shengzhou (嵊州), with more than 8,000 employees and an annual output value of approximately 300 million yuan in related industries.
Promoting New Customs
From "Watching Opera and Listening to Music" to "Understanding Principles and Knowing Emotions"
The warm sun shines on the ancient stage, and the long Gan (赣) charm flows between the upturned eaves.
"Folks, there are clear regulations in the law on how to participate in the distribution of demolition compensation that villagers care about..." Wang Hongyang (王鸿洋), a judge from the People's Court of Leping (乐平), Jiangxi (江西) Province, speaking in authentic Leping (乐平) dialect, used the "golden time" of "three minutes before the opera" to give the masses in front of the stage a "popular law class."
The people of Leping (乐平) love opera, watch opera, and understand opera. Almost every village has one or two stages, and there are more than 400 ancient stages throughout the urban and rural areas, holding more than 400 benefit-the-people performances every year. The local government makes full use of this advantage, setting the audience gathering time before each performance as "three minutes before the opera" to carry out theoretical publicity, popular law education, and the promotion of changing customs and habits, turning the "stage" into a "lecture platform."
The seemingly relaxed 3 minutes also has a set of operating mechanisms behind it. Zhao Shengyuan (赵晟远), the head of the Theoretical Section of the Propaganda Department of the Leping (乐平) Municipal Party Committee, introduced that Leping (乐平) has established a closed-loop model of "masses ordering, lecturers accepting orders, and audiences evaluating orders." In spring, they talk about seed subsidy; in summer, they talk about flood prevention and drought resistance; in autumn, they talk about grain purchase; and in winter, they talk about medical insurance payment. The lecturers closely follow the needs of the masses, "translating" the language of documents into singing lyrics and fast-paced clapper talks, turning them into everyday language and things around them that the masses can understand and remember.
"Policies are towering trees, and I have to pick the fruits to a place where the villagers can reach them." Zhang Genping (张根平), a lecturer at the Leping (乐平) Municipal Party School who participated in "three minutes before the opera," described it this way.
The "three minutes before the opera" publicity team brings together experts, scholars, party members, cadres, and grassroots masses. In Wule Village (吴乐村), Taqian Town (塔前镇), propagandists Tong Shuihua (童水华) and Xia Yun (夏芸) used dialects to perform the comic dialogue "Social Science Translator is Here," interpreting policies to address population aging and support fertility; in Hongchong Village (洪冲村), Gaojia Town (高家镇), the skit "Don't Ask for a Bride Price" advocated the establishment of new marriage customs; in Shixia Village (石峡村), Yongshan Town (涌山镇), the Leping (乐平) drum book "Internet Rumor Refutation" segment reminded villagers that "the Internet is not a place outside the law."
The "three minutes before the opera" micro-publicity focuses on interactive exchanges and sets up question-and-answer sessions to enhance interest and participation. Villager Li Saiying (李赛英) said with emotion: "The content is close to life, and there can be interaction, which is very good."
"Three minutes is very short, but over time, it can be silent and moisturizing." Huang Xiaofeng (黄小丰), Minister of the Propaganda Department of the Leping (乐平) Municipal Party Committee, said, "We want to make the party's theories and national policies, like the operas that the villagers are familiar with, not only enter the ears, but also enter the hearts and transform into actions." Huang Xiaofeng (黄小丰) introduced that the next step for "three minutes before the opera" will continue to focus on highlighting distinctive local characteristics, innovating lively publicity forms, and enriching diverse publicity content, so that the masses can truly sit down, listen, remember, and spread the word.
Showing New Looks
From "Intangible Cultural Heritage Space" to "Living Classroom"
In Yanjia Ba Village (晏家坝村), Baohe Town (保和镇), Ziyang (资阳), Sichuan (四川) Province, in the Zhensheng Sichuan Opera (川剧) Exhibition and Experience Hall, which was converted from an old Ming and Qing dynasty house, the high-pitched huqin (高胡) starts the tune, and the gongs and drums clang. On the ancient stage, the dan (旦) role's water sleeves flutter lightly, and tourists crane their necks to watch.
"Ancient stage with Sichuan Opera (川剧) is just comfortable." Arriving backstage, the person in charge, Zhang Yi (张诒), said while tidying up the costumes.
After the music ends, many tourists stroll through the Zhensheng Sichuan Opera (川剧) Exhibition and Experience Hall, carefully examining the displayed Sichuan Opera (川剧) helmets, costumes, face masks, and other collections, savoring the more than 200-year history of the rise and fall of the "Ziyang River (资阳河)" school.
Behind this ancient stage in the experience hall, there was once a crisis of local opera facing the brink of being lost.
In 2014, Zhang Yi (张诒) discovered that the Ziyang (资阳) State-owned Sichuan Opera (川剧) Troupe had been disbanded for many years, the average age of the folk troupe actors exceeded 50, and there were few audiences. In 2016, Zhang Yi (张诒) took over the baton from his uncle Chen Jianguo (陈建国) and established the Ziyang (资阳) City Yanjiang District Zhensheng Sichuan Opera (川剧) Troupe, gathering folk veteran artists, "**不能让川剧只活在博物馆里** (bù néng ràng chuān jù zhī huó zài bó wù guǎn lǐ - "cannot let Sichuan Opera only live in museums," meaning that the art form should be actively performed and enjoyed, not just preserved as a historical artifact)." In 2021, taking advantage of the restoration of the ancient building complex in Yanjia Ba Village (晏家坝村), the troupe moved into the old house, revitalizing the old house as a Sichuan Opera (川剧) exhibition and experience center, and started a "intangible cultural heritage + cultural tourism" breakthrough experiment.
In order to make the ancient art more down-to-earth, the center innovatively launched a "four-hall linkage" model: the cultural exhibition hall systematically presents the history of the "Ziyang River (资阳河)" school; the research hall offers face mask painting and singing experience courses; the old teahouse provides a leisure space for tasting tea and watching operas; and the experience hall allows tourists to "become a role in a second" through photography, immersing themselves in the charm of Sichuan Opera (川剧).
This "watchable, learnable, playable, and take-away" experience closed loop allows tourists to understand the cultural code of Sichuan Opera (川剧) in interaction. Now it has become an important base for the inheritance of Ziyang (资阳) intangible cultural heritage, attracting more than 15,000 tourists to experience Sichuan Opera (川剧) makeup and traditional skills such as gong and drum performances.
Cultural resources have also been transformed into economic momentum.
Today, the annual number of performances of the Zhensheng Sichuan Opera (川剧) Troupe has increased from less than 20 in 2016 to more than 50 in 2025, the troupe's income has steadily increased, and the livelihoods of the veteran artists have been guaranteed.
The popularity of the ancient stage has also boosted the rural economy. "In the past, most young people went out to work, but now many people have returned." Villager Li Xiangui (李先贵) said that after the increase in passenger flow, the income of his small shop has increased by more than 30%. In 2024, the comprehensive tourism income of Yanjia Ba Village (晏家坝村) increased by about 40% compared with before the intangible cultural heritage project was established, driving more than 100 people to find employment in the surrounding area.
Return to TopBy: 王潞伟
Ancient opera stages used for theatrical performances originated in the Northern Song Dynasty, developed in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, improved in the mid-Ming Dynasty, and flourished in the Qing Dynasty. Chinese ancient opera stages are specialized venues for opera performances, and also undertake multiple social and cultural functions such as sacrificial entertainment of gods, etiquette celebrations, clan education, and entertainment and social interaction. They are important public spaces for凝聚族群文化认同 (níng jù zú qún wén huà rèn tóng - "cohesion of ethnic cultural identity," consolidating ethnic cultural identity).
After extensive investigation and research by the academic community, the Wangbao Opera Stage (王报戏台) in Erlang Temple (二郎庙), Wangbao Village (王报村), Sizhuang Town (寺庄镇), Gaoping City (高平市), Shanxi Province (山西省), is the earliest existing opera stage in China. Today, the opera stage is no longer used as a daily performance venue, but its historical function and cultural symbolic significance are still vivid. It not only carries the genes of opera art during the Song and Jin Dynasties, but also becomes a living window for modern people to feel "咫尺红台，方寸梨园" (zhǐ chǐ hóng tái, fāng cùn lí yuán - "a small red stage, a tiny pear garden," a small stage encompassing a vast world of opera), and has important academic value for studying the history of ancient Chinese theaters, the history of opera performances, and folk religious sacrifices.
Erlang Temple (二郎庙) is said to be named after the enshrined Erlang God Yang Jian (二郎神杨戬). It was built on a high hill north of Wangbao Village (王报村), facing south. Entering the courtyard, there are existing opera stages,厢房 (xiāng fáng - "side rooms," wing-rooms), offering halls, and main halls. The most eye-catching building in the temple is the opera stage on the south side of the courtyard. The opera stage was built in the twenty-third year of Dading (大定) of the Jin Dynasty (1183), facing north towards the main hall. The opera stage architecture adopts a pavilion-style structure with a single-eave hip roof and gables facing forward. The opera stage has a square plan, with a width and depth of 5 meters each. There are thick round wooden pillars at the four corners.
The opera stage was discovered by teachers and students of the Opera Relics Research Institute of Shanxi Normal University (山西师范大学) during a field investigation of opera relics. In 1998 and 2001, a team of teachers and students led by teacher Feng Junjie (冯俊杰) went to the temple twice for investigation. Based on the age judgment of the architectural features of the opera stage and the key textual records of the Sumeru pedestal of the opera stage, it was determined to be a Jin Dynasty (金代) artifact. Once the opera stage was discovered, it immediately attracted the attention of government departments and was designated as a national key cultural relic protection unit in 2006.
Following the principle of "修旧如旧" (xiū jiù rú jiù - "repair the old as old," restore to its original state), minimizing intervention and scientific restoration; the renovation of the opera stage and the simultaneous improvement of the surrounding environment; cultural tourism integration, restoration of performances, and revitalization and utilization... The former ancient opera stage has been revitalized after years of protection.
(The author is the Dean of the School of Drama and Film of Shanxi Normal University (山西师范大学). This report was compiled by Zheng Yangyang (郑洋洋), a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 包 平
In a popular TV series, a character refers to apples as "Linqin." Recently, a reader inquired, "Is 'Linqin' the same as apple?" What other elegant names did the ancients have for various fruits?
"Linqin" is one of the ancient names for apples; "apple" is the modern common name.
The name "Linqin" is related to the fruit's growth characteristics and eating experience. The ancients observed that apples have a rich aroma when ripe, attracting birds to peck at them. Additionally, apples generally grow in forests, hence the name "Linqin." Besides "Linqin," apples were also known as "Laiqin" and "Pinpo Fruit."
The ancients also had many elegant names for fruits that combined poetic and cultural connotations.
Lychee was anciently called "Lizhi," named because lychees "spoil immediately after leaving the branch" (离枝即坏). The ancients discovered that lychee pulp is delicate and easily deteriorates after being picked from the branch, requiring immediate consumption. Therefore, "Lizhi" highlights this characteristic.
Cherry, anciently called "Hantao" or "Yingtao." Because cherry fruits are small and need to be "held in the mouth" to eat, they were called "Hantao," emphasizing their exquisiteness. Also, because cherries ripen when orioles sing, the fruit and bird song complement each other, hence the name "Yingtao."
Pomegranate was anciently called "Danruo" or "Tianjiang." "Dan" refers to vermilion, and "Ruo" is a classical Chinese auxiliary word, taking the meaning of "red like cinnabar," describing its color characteristics. "Tianjiang" emphasizes its sweet taste, and ancient books recorded: "Sweet pomegranates are called Tianjiang."
Grape was anciently called "Yulu." Because grape fruits are crystal clear, as moist as condensed jade, and the pulp is juicy like "dew," literati used "Yulu" to describe them.
(The author is a professor at the Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploring the Origins of Chinese Products and Civilization at Nanjing Agricultural University (南京农业大学), interviewed and compiled by Yao Xueqing (姚雪青), a reporter from this newspaper.)
Return to TopBy: 本报记者 施 芳
Today, going to the theater to listen to symphonies, watch musicals and dramas, or rushing to an outdoor concert has become a popular choice for more and more people's leisure and entertainment.
Wonderful performances can bring spiritual nourishment, but uncivilized behaviors such as answering phone calls and walking around during the performance often break this beauty and affect the viewing experience of others. Recently, a reporter invited Wang Meng (王萌), head of education and training at the Beijing Tianqiao Art Center (北京天桥艺术中心), to explain the precautions during the viewing process, to help everyone enjoy the charm of the performance in a beautiful atmosphere.
Arriving early is a respect for the performance and also a respect for others. Wang Meng (王萌) reminded that in order to avoid being late and disturbing the order of the venue, audiences need to reserve sufficient time to arrive at the theater in advance and complete the procedures such as ticket collection, ticket inspection, and security check. If you are late, don't worry, you can wait patiently on the side, and the staff will guide you to enter during the intermission or between songs. Audiences can first take a seat nearby and return to their seats during the intermission.
The theater is a closed space, and the peculiar smell of food is difficult to dissipate, which will not only affect the air quality in the venue, but also the noise generated by eating during the performance and the hygiene problems caused by food spillage will also destroy the viewing atmosphere. Therefore, the theater clearly prohibits bringing food and beverages into the venue, and large luggage is also not allowed. "If you carry these items, you can store them in the cloakroom," Wang Meng (王萌) added.
Viewing etiquette is also reflected in the respect for the performance occasion. Audiences should choose neat and decent clothing, and avoid entering the relatively formal theater space in overly casual slippers, vests, shorts, etc., which is not only a reflection of personal accomplishment, but also a respect for the actors and other audiences. Try not to wear hats during the performance to avoid blocking the view of the audience in the back row.
A quiet and orderly environment is an important guarantee for the smooth progress of the performance. Wang Meng (王萌) emphasized that before the performance starts, the audience should take the initiative to turn off their mobile phones or set them to silent, and dim the screen of their mobile phones. Do not use mobile phones or answer calls in non-emergency situations; during the performance, avoid talking, walking around, or rummaging through items, and eliminate unnecessary noise. If you are accompanied by children, parents or guardians need to take care of them throughout the entire process and try their best to guide the children to remain quiet. If children cry or feel uncomfortable, they should be comforted or taken away from the viewing area in time to avoid affecting others for a long time.
Applause is recognition and tribute to the performers, but the timing of the choice is important. Wang Meng (王萌) suggested that audiences learn about the song information in advance and give warm applause to the performers between musical passages, during dark scenes, or during curtain calls. It should be noted that the pauses between movements are part of the coherent expression of the work. Applauding at this time may interrupt the coherent emotions and expression of the artist and affect the integrity of the artistic presentation of the work. Therefore, it is recommended that the audience wait until all the movements are over or the conductor clearly signals before applauding.
Compared with indoor theaters, the atmosphere of outdoor performances is relatively relaxed and casual, and the interaction between actors and audiences is more frequent. Wang Meng (王萌) reminded that when the actors are speaking, the audience should remain quiet, cooperate with the performance emotions to create a suitable atmosphere, and give positive feedback to the actors; if you want to sing along, you need to control the volume and avoid screaming and shouting throughout the entire process so that everyone can enjoy the fun of the performance.
Civilized interaction is also indispensable. Please be sure to abide by the venue safety regulations, do not cross the isolation barriers, and do not give flowers to the stage at will; when using fluorescent sticks, support signs and other items, pay attention to safety and avoid throwing or blocking the view of other audiences.
In addition, according to the requirements of the performance party and the venue, pets, laser pointers, drones and other items that may affect the viewing order and experience are prohibited from being brought into the venue; after the performance, the audience should evacuate in an orderly manner, not gather, not linger, not shout slogans at will, and eliminate behaviors that hinder public security, so as to draw a successful conclusion to the entire viewing experience.
Return to TopLayout Design: Zhang Fangman (张芳曼)
Return to TopBy: 黄 希
Imagine yourself at an archaeological excavation site. Under the scorching sun, you are squatting in a 10-meter by 10-meter square, your hand trowel having scraped away layers of soil accumulated over thousands of years. Experience tells you that you are very close to the stratum where artifacts are unearthed. As the trowel moves, you feel a patch of soil that feels different from the rest. Slowing down, suddenly and yet expectedly, a small patch of loose, dark green appears in the yellowish-brown, sticky soil. For safety, you switch to a thin bamboo knife to carefully peel it away. The rough outline of the artifact emerges, revealing many fragments of corroded bronze, with some parts covered in dark black traces. You pause the cleaning and begin recording. Under the scorching sun, the surface of the artifact dries quickly, and the soil cracks slightly. You see the color of the bronze rust slowly changing from bright peacock blue to dark green, and the dark black traces disappear without a trace. You feel a sense of tension. What happened? What should you do next?
At an archaeological excavation site, this is a question that every frontline worker faces every day, making emergency conservation an important part of field archaeology.
In the early stages of burial, air, moisture, and active microorganisms brought from the surface are quickly consumed, and the artifacts are in a dark, low-oxygen, low-temperature, and relatively isolated environment. After the initial corrosion reaction, the artifacts enter a long-term corrosion reaction equilibrium. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, acidity, alkalinity, and microorganisms in the soil are relatively stable. The artifacts and the surrounding burial medium form a dynamically adapted coexistence relationship. The corrosion process tends to slow down. In this state, the corrosion reaction of the artifacts appears to be almost stopped on a macroscopic level, and they can be preserved relatively stably for a considerable period of time. Once the artifacts are excavated, this fragile reaction equilibrium is broken. Sudden changes in temperature and humidity, the massive influx of oxygen, the influence of light, and contact with active microorganisms and pollutants in the air will rapidly accelerate the corrosion reaction on the surface of the artifacts, causing a series of corrosion and secondary disease reactions in a short period of time.
If the rapid corrosion reaction activated after the artifacts are unearthed cannot be effectively controlled, it will quickly devour the historical and technological information carried by the artifacts, causing irreversible losses. For example, light may cause painted surfaces to quickly discolor and peel off, rapid drying may cause lacquered wooden objects to crack and curl, and the lacquer to peel off. Active microorganisms will quickly develop mold on the surface of the artifacts, and the exquisite decorations and ink inscriptions on the surface of the artifacts will also fall off or become contaminated. The key to emergency conservation of archaeological artifacts is to intervene quickly during the window period when the reaction equilibrium is broken, simulate the original preservation environment of the artifacts through scientific means, stabilize the loose corrosion surface layer, slow down the corrosion reaction process, maintain the stable preservation of the artifacts, and retain as much complete historical information as possible for subsequent in-depth conservation and restoration and scientific archaeological research.
Therefore, on-site emergency conservation of archaeological artifacts needs to adhere to the working principles of minimal intervention and re-treatability. All interventional conservation treatments will correspondingly change the original state of the artifacts. No conservation method or material can be a **包治百病** (bāo zhì bǎi bìng - "cure all diseases," a panacea) or a **药到病除** (yào dào bìng chú - "medicine cures the illness immediately," instant cure). It is necessary to use scientific methods to identify the causes of artifact corrosion, treat the symptoms, research and find suitable conservation materials, use appropriate dosages, administer them through appropriate routes, establish targeted conservation methods, examine and quantify the material structure of the artifacts before and after conservation intervention, and promptly identify potential new disease risk factors. It is also important to use quantifiable data indicators to understand the state of the artifacts during the conservation intervention process.
Just like doctors treat and save people, artifact conservators use their professional knowledge and technical skills to "observe, listen, inquire, and palpate" and "prescribe the right medicine" for "sick" artifacts. But even with the development of medicine to this day, there are still many diseases that cannot be cured. "Treating" artifacts also faces the same difficulties. Artifacts cannot perform autonomous metabolism like humans. According to the laws of thermodynamics, all systems will develop in the direction of increasing entropy. From the moment they were made by the ancients, artifacts have faced the irreversible trend of weathering, corrosion, and degradation. Stabilizing and strengthening the artifact itself through scientific means, improving the environment in which the artifact exists, curbing the potential risks of artifact disease development, and extending the life of the artifact. Studying the corrosion mechanism of artifacts through scientific methods, using professional technical means to slow down the reaction process of natural degradation of artifacts, helping artifacts resist external corrosive factors, and maintaining the stable preservation state of the artifact itself as much as possible, so that the important historical information carried by the artifact can be retained for a longer time. With the continuous development of artifact conservation science, artifact conservation work is gradually moving towards a "fundamental cure."
Artifact conservation is not only the protection of the physical existence of artifacts, but also the preservation and dialogue of civilization's memory, allowing thousands of years of civilization to transcend time and space to tell the past, and to leave a longer and clearer brilliance in the world.
(Author's affiliation: Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (中国社会科学院考古研究所))
Return to TopBy: 郑 奕
The "Museum Architectural Design Specification" divides museums into five categories: extra-large, large, large-to-medium, medium, and small. Against the backdrop of today's "museum fever," large museums are generally favored, while the number of visitors to many small and medium-sized museums is not increasing rapidly.
In 2021, nine departments issued the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform and Development of Museums," proposing to "implement a plan to upgrade small and medium-sized museums, strengthen mechanism innovation, and effectively revitalize grassroots museum resources." In 2023, the National Cultural Heritage Administration (国家文物局) launched the "Spark Program" to digitally assist small and medium-sized museums and pilot projects to upgrade small and medium-sized museums. Beijing (北京市) proposed implementing the "Small and Medium-sized Museum Brand Enhancement Project" during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period. In 2024, Zhejiang Province (浙江省) announced the first list of 84 rural museums. In the same year, Sichuan Province's (四川省) "Large Museum Leading Small Museum" assistance plan and the initiative of 16 first-class museums to assist small and medium-sized museums were released.
Exhibitions are the core cultural product of museums and the main reason why audiences come to experience the venue. Unlike the "encyclopedic" narrative of large museums, specialized exhibitions are the key to the breakthrough of small and medium-sized museums. Today's exhibitions are no longer a collection of pure cultural relics, but an open narrative system and dialogue field based on exhibits. The curatorial era has arrived, and small and medium-sized museums have opened up a world in terms of "precision, uniqueness, and innovation."
Winning with "precision" involves constructing a diverse narrative structure and adjusting the combination of exhibits and the structure of exhibition stories as needed, so that exhibitions with similar themes and similar cultural relics present diverse thematic interpretations and content expressions. For example, the "Infinite Mirror: The Microscopic World in Ancient Bronze Mirrors" exhibition at the Jinhua Museum (金华市博物馆) broke the traditional historical timeline approach and presented the connotations of bronze mirrors from three levels: material, social, and cultural attributes, through the progressive relationship of "object appearance - personality - culture." Small and medium-sized museums should directly focus on exhibition creation in their collections and research, not only focusing on the value of exhibits, but also deeply exploring the meaning behind them, so that the combination of exhibits can produce new meanings.
Attracting people with "uniqueness" involves using local discourse systems to tell stories about the surrounding area and leveraging the role of small and medium-sized museums in enhancing local cultural heritage and building local identity. As a city memory bank, small and medium-sized museums should strive to make "one item, one strategy" exhibitions possible to create differentiated cultural symbols. At the same time, they should explore unique emotional values in the combination of exhibition and education to match community genes and collective memories. In short, the core is "local reconstruction," and this awareness of local cultural awakening is difficult for large museums to replace. In fact, in today's increasingly globalized world, the protection and inheritance of regional cultural diversity is even more precious.
Seeking change with "innovation" involves small and medium-sized museums achieving "small investment, big impact" through lightweight application of technology, prompting culture to "live" around the public, and then creating a co-constructed and shared "cultural and educational commons." Before launching the country's first exhibition featuring ancient and famous trees as the protagonists, the team at the Suzhou Wu Culture Museum (苏州吴文化博物馆) completed 10,000 kilometers of field surveys using digital means during the two-year preparation period, uncovering the stories of more than 100 ancient trees in the surrounding area. At the same time, artists were invited to create contemporary works based on the images of ancient trees, and digital promotion was carried out through push articles and Vlogs.
The sustainable development of small and medium-sized museums cannot be separated from policy empowerment. In response to the lack of attention and investment in small and medium-sized museums, as well as the insufficient output of relevant resources from extra-large and large museums, cultural and tourism bureaus (cultural heritage bureaus) at all levels and in various regions can take the lead in making timely adjustments in institutional design. This should especially be reflected in the "15th Five-Year Plan" of cultural and tourism bureaus (cultural heritage bureaus) at all levels and in various regions. Invest corresponding resources, introduce promotion policies, and provide clear direction, goals, and substantive support for the display transformation of small and medium-sized museums.
In museum operation evaluations or commendations, government departments should directly guide extra-large and large museums to promote the flow and sharing of elements through the establishment of branch systems, point-to-point assistance, and "small hand in big hand" models. Promote small and medium-sized museums to play a good "combined fist" of exhibitions by forming alliances. Leveraging regional proximity or cultural affinity, museums can "raise their hands" to jointly curate themes that are of interest and have resource reserves, while sharing investment in funds, technology, and manpower. The exhibition can also tour among the cooperative museums to maximize its value.
"Within a square inch, one can understand the past and present." More and more small and medium-sized museums are proving in the most simple way that, compared to the grand narratives of large museums, they are better at microscopic expression, rooted in the local area, respecting tradition, telling stories that ordinary people can understand, and becoming "living memories" that are perceived, loved, and shared. In fact, cultural inheritance is not far away but near; the continuation of civilization is not in the large but in the refined. We look forward to more small and medium-sized museums taking exhibitions as the driving force, accurately positioning themselves, deeply cultivating their characteristics, and daring to innovate.
(The author is the curator of Fudan University Museum (复旦大学博物馆))
Return to TopBy: 周 隼
Painted Figure, Chariot, and Horse Procession Lacquer Box, unearthed in 1987 from Tomb No. 2 at Baoshan (包山) in Jingmen (荆门), Hubei (湖北), is now housed in the Hubei Provincial Museum (湖北省博物馆).
This lacquer box consists of a lid and body fitted together, the whole object is cylindrical with a flat bottom and a raised lid. It is 10.8 cm high and 27.9 cm in diameter. "奁 (lián)" is an ancient type of box for storing objects. The lacquer box was used to hold toiletries such as combs, fine-toothed combs, and mirrors. It was popular during the Warring States period and continued until the Tang and Song dynasties, equivalent to today's makeup box. When the lacquer box was unearthed, it contained a square and a round bronze mirror, a powder applicator, and two bone hairpins. "Morning rises to face the mirror box, dawn makeup touches the vermilion lips," hence it is also called "mirror box" or "makeup box." It adopts the *jia zhu tai* (夹纻胎) technique, "纻 (zhù)" is cloth woven from ramie, and "夹纻 (jia zhu)" refers to multiple layers of hemp cloth sandwiched between layers of lacquer ash. This technique uses hemp cloth and lacquer ash as the main materials, making the lacquer box light, strong, and not easily deformed or cracked, reflecting a major advancement in the lacquerware craftsmanship of the Chu State (楚国).
The lid of the lacquer box is painted with phoenix patterns, deformed butterfly patterns, and cloud patterns. The bottom of the box is painted with interlocking cloud patterns, and the outer wall of the body is painted with phoenix patterns and cloud patterns. The decorations are exquisite and the lines are smooth. The most eye-catching feature is the painted figure, chariot, and horse procession on the outer wall of the lid. This painting is 87.4 cm long and 5.2 cm wide when unfolded, depicting a scene of figures, chariots, and horses traveling during the Warring States period, with a total of 26 people, 4 chariots, 10 horses, 5 willow trees, and 9 birds.
The painter used realistic techniques and colors such as ochre, orange-red, sea blue, and brown to create a colorful, lively, and three-dimensional picture. The entire painting is cleverly divided into five sections by five willow trees swaying in the wind: the first section shows the initial stage of the journey. The second section depicts the scene of driving on the road. The third section only depicts a dog and a pig, whose leaping and rushing postures add vitality to the entire painting and create a joyful atmosphere. The fourth and fifth sections depict the welcoming scene. There are a total of 5 people in the picture. The 3 people on the right stand by the roadside, and the 2 people on the left walk to the right. The person in front should be the host of the welcoming team, and they are welcoming the arrival of the guests. The five sections are relatively independent and coherent, achieving an aesthetic effect of seamless connection and natural transition.
This lacquer painting provides important physical evidence for our research on social life, etiquette systems, and chariot and horse systems during the Warring States period. The chariots and horses ridden by the nobles in the painting are divided into three-horse-drawn chariots and two-horse-drawn chariots. The number and position of people riding in the chariots also vary, reflecting the differences in status among the nobles at that time. In addition, the costumes of the characters in the picture include the *shenyi* (深衣) of the Central Plains and the *hufu* (胡服) of the northern nomadic peoples, also reflecting the integration and evolution of costumes during the Warring States period.
The Painted Figure, Chariot, and Horse Procession is one of the earliest surviving long scroll "comic strips" in China. It pioneered the long scroll style of Chinese painting and had a profound impact on later painting art. Its composition method of telling a story with continuous pictures has the same wonderful effect as later masterpieces such as "Ode to the Luo River Goddess (洛神赋图)" and "Along the River During the Qingming Festival (清明上河图)."
This lacquer box is also an outstanding representative of Chu State (楚国) lacquerware craftsmanship. Its exaggerated and strange shape, colorful and dynamic patterns, magnificent and rich colors, and consummate skills reflect the lively and unrestrained romantic style of Chu culture, becoming a distinct cultural symbol on the land of Jingchu (荆楚).
(Author's affiliation: Hubei Provincial Museum (湖北省博物馆))
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Near my home, there is an ancient bridge full of mystery, like a sage hidden from the world, usually concealed beneath the waves of Poyang Lake (鄱阳湖), only revealing its "true face" during the dry season.
The Thousand-Eye Bridge, born in the Ming Dynasty, has been submerged at the bottom of the lake for nearly 400 years. The bridge deck, paved with long granite stones, stretches for more than 2,000 meters on the lakebed. Supporting the long bridge are closely arranged pine wood piles inserted into the lake mud, forming stable piers. Amazingly, nearly a thousand bridge holes, or "bridge eyes," are formed between the piers, effectively reducing the damage of water flow impact on the bridge body, hence the name Thousand-Eye Bridge.
But why was such an ingeniously designed bridge built under the vast lake water? In summer, when the lake rises, boats can be used for crossing, but in winter, when the water dries up, people have to step through the mud and cross the lake, and the northerly wind is biting, making it miserable for those wading through the water. In the fourth year of Chongzhen (崇祯) (1631), Qian Qizhong (钱启忠), an official from Duchang (都昌), donated his salary and raised funds for the construction of the bridge for the sake of the people's livelihood. After five years, he finally built this "vital passage for the people's livelihood" spanning both sides, allowing people to walk on it.
In the centuries that followed, the role of this ancient bridge became increasingly important. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Thousand-Eye Bridge gradually became a necessary route from Duchang to Xingzi (星子) (now Lushan City (庐山市)), from Lushan (庐山) to Xunyang (浔阳) (now Jiujiang City (九江市)), crossing Jianggong Ridge (蒋公岭) and Poyang Lake, embodying the survival wisdom of the ancestors who "lived off the water and traveled by water." Even more remarkably, this bridge has stood firm despite erosion. The pine wood piers were originally the most susceptible to decay, but they are more resistant to corrosion due to the anaerobic environment underwater. The selection of materials and the construction method of the bridge deck also specifically considered resisting water flow erosion and seasonal soaking.
Although the bridge body has been preserved, the traces of time make it in urgent need of repair. In 2016, after special funds from the cultural relics department were in place, the Thousand-Eye Bridge ushered in its first "major repair" since its construction. This restoration carefully selected traditional materials such as granite, striving to maintain the original appearance of the ancient bridge. In 2017, the restoration project was successfully completed, and the Thousand-Eye Bridge welcomed tourists from all over the world with a new look.
With the improvement of transportation conditions, this ancient bridge from the Ming Dynasty is no longer a necessary route for people to travel, but it has been revitalized in a different way. As the "longest stone bridge in the lake in the country" and a key cultural relics protection unit in Jiangxi Province (江西省), it has become an important reference for relevant researchers to interpret the ecological changes of Poyang Lake and even the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (长江). And every year after the dry season, the ancient bridge becomes a unique landscape on Poyang Lake, attracting tourists to visit and take pictures.
Every time I walk by the bridge, my eyes sweep over the texture of the bridge body, and I still marvel at the wisdom of my ancestors again and again. I think of Su Shi (苏轼), the Dongpo (东坡) scholar who experienced the ups and downs of officialdom nearly a thousand years ago. When he was in office in Hangzhou (杭州), he built a dike connecting the north and south banks of West Lake (西湖) - Su Causeway (苏堤), adding a touch of agility to West Lake. I also think of Li Bing (李冰) and his son, the Prefect of Shu Commandery (蜀郡) in the late Warring States period, who, with the wisdom of "digging deep and building low weirs," made the Dujiangyan Irrigation System (都江堰) benefit the Chengdu Plain (成都平原) for more than 2,000 years.
The Thousand-Eye Bridge, although not as beautiful as the Su Causeway or as grand as the Dujiangyan Irrigation System, has also benefited one side. 400 years ago, it was a vital passage connecting the two sides of Poyang Lake, a lifeline for people to carry goods on their shoulders and make a living; 400 years later, every "appearance" of it has become a first-hand "archive" for researchers to interpret the ecology of Poyang Lake and even the Yangtze River. From a "bridge for people's livelihood" to an "ecological ruler," the Thousand-Eye Bridge has completed a role transformation in time.
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The "Encountering King Kaolie – Archaeological Exhibition of Tomb No. 1 at Wuwangdun, Huainan, Anhui" is currently on display at the National Museum of China (中国国家博物馆). Among the more than 10,000 precious cultural relics unearthed from the Wuwangdun Tomb (武王墩墓), bronze containers are undoubtedly the most eye-catching. From the imposing array of *ding* cauldrons to the exquisite three-legged spherical *weng* urns, they not only accurately reveal the identity information of the tomb owner, but also centrally showcase the grand scale and luxurious pomp of the last grand banquet of King Kaolie of Chu (楚考烈王).
According to incomplete statistics, a total of 154 pieces/sets of bronze containers were buried with the Wuwangdun Tomb, including different categories such as *ding* cauldrons, *gui* bowls, *fu* square vessels, *dou* stemmed bowls, *dun* round containers, and *hu* pots, covering all kinds of utensils required for the entire ritual process of cooking utensils, food containers, and wine vessels. What is puzzling is that the combination and quantity of many of these containers exceed the system required for ancestral temple sacrifices, especially the bronze *ding* cauldrons, which reached as many as 44 pieces in 9 categories, which is not the number of nine *ding* cauldrons of the King of Chu (楚王) that we understand. Why did King Kaolie (考烈王) bury so many bronze containers with him? What kind of ritual functions do these bronze containers have?
The three large bronze *ding* cauldrons in the Wuwangdun Tomb (武王墩墓) are too large in volume and "overweight." After standing for more than 2,000 years, the feet have been overwhelmed, so everyone sees thick "bandages" wrapped around their feet in the museum. According to measurements, the largest of these three large *ding* cauldrons is about 111 cm high and has a diameter of more than 88 cm, making it the bronze *ding* cauldron with the largest diameter seen in the Eastern Zhou Dynasty (东周时期). Similar large *ding* cauldrons were also found in the Li San Gu Dui Tomb (李三孤堆墓), more than ten kilometers south of the Wuwangdun Tomb, which is the famous "Zhuke Da Ding (铸客大鼎)," and the owner of the vessel is considered to be Xiong Han (熊悍), King You of Chu (楚幽王), the son of King Kaolie. This shows that in the late Warring States period (战国晚期), it was popular in the State of Chu (楚国) to cast huge bronze *ding* cauldrons. The words "An Bang (安邦)" are engraved on the abdomen and legs of the Zhuke Da Ding. For the people of Chu, these large *ding* cauldrons were not only ritual vessels for cooking, but also contained the good wishes of the people of Chu to hope for national stability and the well-being of the people.
In addition, unlike the common waist-tied flat-bottomed *shengding* cauldrons and small covered *zimukou* cauldrons in the Chu area, these three large *ding* cauldrons are all made without lids and with folded edges. When unearthed, the *ding* cauldrons contained large pieces of cattle, sheep, and pig bones, and the bottom of the *ding* cauldrons also had thick traces of soot, indicating that they were utensils for cooking these meat sacrifices, which are usually called "huo ding (镬鼎)" in the classics. Since they are cooking utensils, why are they not equipped with lids? Zheng Xuan (郑玄), a great Confucian scholar, pointed out in the annotation of "Qi, the first marriage, Chen Sanding is outside the eastern gate of the bedroom... Setting up the *jiong mi*" in "The Book of Rites · Scholar's Marriage Ceremony (仪礼·士昏礼)": "*Jiong* is used to carry the *ding*. *Mi* covers it," meaning: *Jiong* is a tool for carrying the *ding*, and *mi* covers the *ding*. Jia Gongyan (贾公彦) of the Tang Dynasty (唐人) commented: "Cover the *ding* with thatch. If it is long, tie its roots; if it is short, weave it in the middle." That is to say, when this kind of large *ding* is used, thatch is specially used as a cover, and the principle of the thatch root facing east and the thatch tip facing west is followed to respect the cosmic order of yin and yang. However, after more than 2,000 years, the thatch cover is difficult to preserve, so what is presented today are all lidless large *ding* cauldrons.
During the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties (先秦两汉时期), the nine *ding* cauldrons were not only a symbol of the king's identity, but also a symbol of national power. In the Wuwangdun Tomb (武王墩墓), a set of 9 waist-tied flat-bottomed *shengding* cauldrons and a set of 8 square-seated bronze *gui* bowls were unearthed. After the State of Chu (楚国) moved east to Shouchun (寿春), the national power declined and the financial resources were insufficient, so even these 9 *shengding* cauldrons symbolizing identity and rank were pieced together and were not made in the same batch.
The Wuwangdun Tomb (武王墩墓) also unearthed 35 other bronze *ding* cauldrons of various shapes. Among them, a set of *zimukou* cauldrons with three-ring knobs has a lid and body that are buckled together. A circle of 3 small ring knobs are made on the lid, which are slightly different in thickness, but the overall shape belongs to the same type of bronze *ding* cauldron, and they were basically concentrated in one place when they were unearthed. There are 7 pieces in this set of smaller *lieding* cauldrons, which shows that the main *ding* cauldrons in the Wuwangdun Tomb include at least two sets, including 9 waist-tied flat-bottomed *ding* cauldrons with bronze *gui* bowls, and 7 three-ring knob *zimukou* *ding* cauldrons with bronze *fu* square vessels, thus forming two sets of ritual vessel combinations: *ding gui* and *ding fu*. Nine *ding* cauldrons and eight *gui* bowls are representative of the Zhou rites (周礼), and are the result of the Chu people's systematic study of the Zhou rites, while the *ding fu* combination is a popular "localized" ritual vessel combination form in the Jianghuai area during the Zhou Dynasty, which is a "variant" of the Zhou rites and was also incorporated into the Chu people's ritual system. This reflects the Chu people's localization and reconstruction of the ritual and music system on the basis of integrating the Central Plains rites and southern traditions.
The sacrificial activities of the Zhou Dynasty (周代) were a grand ritual performance. In this "banquet" of the King of Chu (楚王), the types of food were extremely rich. Among them, bronze *gui* bowls are generally considered to hold millet, which is the staple food in the northern region, while bronze *fu* square vessels are used to hold rice and sorghum, which are mostly produced in the southern region, so it is understandable the reason for the above-mentioned two combinations of *ding gui* and *ding fu*. In addition to delicacies, fine wine is also essential. The bronze wine vessels unearthed from the Wuwangdun Tomb (武王墩墓) include *fang* square pots, round *hu* pots, and *zun fou* jars. These wine vessels were often unearthed in pairs, because according to the Zhou rites, "xuan jiu (玄酒)" or "ming shui (明水)" must be served with wine, which actually refers to clean water. Because the water is deep in color and black, it is called "xuan," and the clean water used for sacrifices is mostly required to be collected on a moonlit night to show cleanliness, so it is also called "ming shui." The Zhou rites admired antiquity, but wine had not yet been invented in ancient times, so clean water was used instead. On the other hand, mixing water with wine was to prevent drinkers from getting drunk and making mistakes.
King Kaolie (考烈王) devoted his life to fighting against the Qin (秦) and remained steadfast. In the twenty-second year of King Kaolie (241 BC), the five states of Chu (楚), Yan (燕), Zhao (赵), Wei (魏), and Han (韩), who deeply felt the threat of the Qin people "annexing the world," formed the last vertical alliance to attack Qin in history. King Kaolie of Chu, with the strongest strength, was elected as the leader, but ultimately failed to resist Qin due to unfavorable battles. Three years later, King Kaolie (考烈王) passed away, and a grand funeral was held in Shouchun (寿春), the capital of Chu. Judging from the burial objects in his tomb, at that time, the states of Yan, Zhao, Wei, Han, and even Qin sent envoys to send gifts to help with the funeral. For example, a *zimukou* cauldron with nipple-shaped ring knobs unearthed from the tomb has short and thick hoof feet, and both cast inscriptions and engraved inscriptions coexist. The word "豊" is engraved on the mouth edge, indicating the identity of the maker, while the words "San Ye Zuo Shi Che Se Fu Sun Gu Gong (三枼左使车啬夫孙固工)" in the script of the State of Zhongshan (中山国) are cast on the lower abdomen of the vessel. The weight is added later, which belongs to the Central Plains style, indicating that the vessel was originally produced in the State of Zhongshan; there are also two bronze *ding* cauldrons with slender and flared feet, which are generally considered by the academic community to belong to typical Yue-style bronze vessels and should come from Baiyue (百越) area. These gifts from all directions are too numerous to mention, and together they witnessed the last glory of this King of Chu, and vividly reflect the frequent cultural exchanges during the Warring States period, laying an ideological foundation for the unification of Qin.
(Author's affiliation: School of History and Culture Heritage, Xiamen University (厦门大学))
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